title: Comparison of shear bond strength and adhesive remnant index between precoated and conventionally bonded orthodontic brackets.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to compare the shear bond strength and adhesive remnant index (ARI) at the enamel-bonding interface of precoated and conventionally bonded brackets, utilizing standardized procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  The test sample consisted of 90 recently extracted bovine permanent mandibular incisors. The teeth were bonded using the same protocol and were tested in three different situations. A material testing systems machine was utilized for debonding, and the remaining adhesive on the tooth was recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immediately after bonding, we found that the shear bond strength of the precoated brackets (6.27 MPa) was significantly higher than that of conventional brackets (5.37 MPa) (p<0.05). However, no significant differences in bond strength were found between the two bracket systems after 24 h of bonding or after thermocycling. The conventional brackets had higher ARI scores than the precoated bracket systems immediately after bonding and after 24 h.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Since there were no significant differences in the bonding strength after 24 h, the immediate bonding strength of the precoated brackets during the first day does not appear to be a major advantage over the conventional bracket systems. However, less adhesive on the tooth after debonding is an advantage of precoated brackets.
authors: 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216-4505, USA. ahmadozbrain@yahoo.com.
authors: Ulises A
authors: UA
authors: Guzman
authors: Laurance
authors: L
authors: Jerrold
authors: Peter S
authors: PS
authors: Vig
authors: Ahmad
authors: A
authors: Abdelkarim
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods; D000268:Adhesiveness; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry*; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D055115:Light-Curing of Dental Adhesives / Q000295:instrumentation; D008422:Materials Testing; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D033081:Shear Strength; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D019279:Resin Cements; C477790:Transbond XT; C030242:phosphoric acid