title: [The first confirmed pediatric case with H7N9 avian influenza virus infection in China].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To understand the clinical and epidemiological aspects of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus infection in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical data of the first confirmed pediatric case of avian influenza A(H7N9) virus infection were collected, and the epidemiological information, presenting symptoms, laboratory investigation, management and outcome were analyzed. The data of the pediatric cases were also compared with those of the adults cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The case reported in this paper was a previously healthy 3.6-year-old boy residing in rural area of Shanghai. He had onset of fever and mild rhinorrhea on 31 March 2013 and he was afebrile and well since April 3. Influenza A (H7N9) virus was detected in his nasopharyngeal sample collected on 1 April through national Influenza-like Illness surveillance using real-time reverse transcriptase PCR and virus culture.His family raised domestic poultry with no apparent disease and there was no virological evidence of H7N9 infection. Monitoring and testing of 16 contacts had not found any secondary infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The clinical course of H7N9 avian influenza virus infection in children was relatively mild as compared to adult cases. The source of infection and detail of exposure for children have not been known yet. Continued surveillance studies of mild and severe respiratory disease and subclinical infection are essential to further characterize the epidemiology and clinical spectrum of this emerging H7N9 virus infection in children.
authors: Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China.
authors: Mei
authors: M
authors: Zeng
authors: Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China.
authors: Yan-feng
authors: YF
authors: Zhu
authors: Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China.
authors: Yan-ling
authors: YL
authors: Ge
authors: Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China.
authors: Ai-mei
authors: AM
authors: Xia
authors: Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China.
authors: Dong-bo
authors: DB
authors: Pu
authors: Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China.
authors: Hui
authors: H
authors: Yu
authors: Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China.
authors: Xiao-hong
authors: XH
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China.
authors: Qi-rong
authors: QR
authors: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D021821:Communicable Diseases, Emerging; D006801:Humans; D064766:Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005585:Influenza in Birds; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology*; D008297:Male; D053139:Oseltamivir / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011200:Poultry; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D053139:Oseltamivir