title: Isolation and analysis of membrane lipids and lipid rafts in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.).
abstract: Cell membranes act as an interface between the interior of the cell and the exterior environment and facilitate a range of essential functions including cell signalling, cell structure, nutrient uptake and protection. It is composed of a lipid bilayer with integrated proteins, and the inner leaflet of the lipid bilayer comprises of liquid ordered (Lo) and liquid disordered (Ld) domains. Lo microdomains, also named as lipid rafts are enriched in cholesterol, sphingomyelin and certain types of proteins, which facilitate cell signalling and nutrient uptake. Lipid rafts have been extensively researched in mammals and the presence of functional lipid rafts was recently demonstrated in goldfish, but there is currently very little knowledge about their composition and function in fish. Therefore a protocol was established for the analysis of lipid rafts and membranous lipids in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) tissues. Twelve lipids were identified and analysed in the Ld domain of the membrane with the most predominant lipids found in all tissues being; triglycerides, cholesterol, phosphoethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine. Four lipids were identified in lipid rafts in all tissues analysed, triglycerides (33-62%) always found in the highest concentration followed by cholesterol (24-32%), phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin. Isolation of lipid rafts was confirmed by identifying the presence of the lipid raft associated protein flotillin, present at higher concentrations in the detergent resistant fraction. The data provided here build a lipid library of important carp tissues as a baseline for further studies into virus entry, protein trafficking or environmental stress analysis.
authors: Fish Disease Research Unit, Institute of Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Bünteweg 17, 30599 Hannover, Germany.
authors: Graham
authors: G
authors: Brogden
authors: Fish Disease Research Unit, Institute of Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Bünteweg 17, 30599 Hannover, Germany; Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Bünteweg 17, 30599 Hannover, Germany.
authors: Marcus
authors: M
authors: Propsting
authors: Fish Disease Research Unit, Institute of Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Bünteweg 17, 30599 Hannover, Germany.
authors: Mikolaj
authors: M
authors: Adamek
authors: Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Bünteweg 17, 30599 Hannover, Germany.
authors: Hassan Y
authors: HY
authors: Naim
authors: Fish Disease Research Unit, Institute of Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Bünteweg 17, 30599 Hannover, Germany. Electronic address: dieter.steinhagen@tiho-hannover.de.
authors: Dieter
authors: D
authors: Steinhagen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002347:Carps / Q000378:metabolism*; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D021962:Membrane Microdomains / Q000737:chemistry*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D008563:Membrane Lipids; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C106354:flotillins
keywords: Carp; DRM; DSM; Lipid analysis; Lipid rafts