title: Epigenetic regulation of depot-specific gene expression in adipose tissue.
abstract: In humans, adipose tissue is distributed in subcutaneous abdominal and subcutaneous gluteal depots that comprise a variety of functional differences. Whereas energy storage in gluteal adipose tissue has been shown to mediate a protective effect, an increase of abdominal adipose tissue is associated with metabolic disorders. However, the molecular basis of depot-specific characteristics is not completely understood yet. Using array-based analyses of transcription profiles, we identified a specific set of genes that was differentially expressed between subcutaneous abdominal and gluteal adipose tissue. To investigate the role of epigenetic regulation in depot-specific gene expression, we additionally analyzed genome-wide DNA methylation patterns in abdominal and gluteal depots. By combining both data sets, we identified a highly significant set of depot-specifically expressed genes that appear to be epigenetically regulated. Interestingly, the majority of these genes form part of the homeobox gene family. Moreover, genes involved in fatty acid metabolism were also differentially expressed. Therefore we suppose that changes in gene expression profiles might account for depot-specific differences in lipid composition. Indeed, triglycerides and fatty acids of abdominal adipose tissue were more saturated compared to triglycerides and fatty acids in gluteal adipose tissue. Taken together, our results uncover clear differences between abdominal and gluteal adipose tissue on the gene expression and DNA methylation level as well as in fatty acid composition. Therefore, a detailed molecular characterization of adipose tissue depots will be essential to develop new treatment strategies for metabolic syndrome associated complications.
authors: Beiersdorf AG, Research and Development, Hamburg, Germany.
authors: Sandra
authors: S
authors: Gehrke
authors: Bodo
authors: B
authors: Brueckner
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Schepky
authors: Johannes
authors: J
authors: Klein
authors: Alexander
authors: A
authors: Iwen
authors: Thomas C G
authors: TC
authors: Bosch
authors: Horst
authors: H
authors: Wenck
authors: Marc
authors: M
authors: Winnefeld
authors: Sabine
authors: S
authors: Hagemann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000502:physiology*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D006801:Humans; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000401:mortality; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000502:physiology; D050507:Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal / Q000378:metabolism*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D014280:Triglycerides