title: Traffic-related exposures and biomarkers of systemic inflammation, endothelial activation and oxidative stress: a panel study in the US trucking industry.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Experimental evidence suggests that inhaled particles from vehicle exhaust have systemic effects on inflammation, endothelial activation and oxidative stress. In the present study we assess the relationships of short-term exposures with inflammatory endothelial activation and oxidative stress biomarker levels in a population of trucking industry workers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood and urine samples were collected pre and post-shift, at the beginning and end of a workweek from 67 male non-smoking US trucking industry workers. Concurrent measurements of microenvironment concentrations of elemental and organic carbon (EC & OC), and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) combined with time activity patterns allowed for calculation of individual exposures. Associations between daily and first and last-day average levels of exposures and repeated measures of intercellular and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1 & VCAM-1), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) blood levels and urinary 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were assessed using linear mixed effects models for repeated measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a statistically significant association between first and last-day average PM2.5 and 8-OHdG (21% increase, 95% CI: 2, 42%) and first and last-day average OC and IL-6 levels (18% increase 95% CI: 1, 37%) per IQR in exposure. There were no significant findings associated with EC or associations suggesting acute cross-shift effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest associations between weekly average exposures of PM2.5 on markers of oxidative stress and OC on IL-6 levels.
authors: Exposure Epidemiology and Risk Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Heath, Boston, MA, USA. aneophyt@hsph.harvard.edu.
authors: Andreas M
authors: AM
authors: Neophytou
authors: Jaime E
authors: JE
authors: Hart
authors: Jennifer M
authors: JM
authors: Cavallari
authors: Thomas J
authors: TJ
authors: Smith
authors: Douglas W
authors: DW
authors: Dockery
authors: Brent A
authors: BA
authors: Coull
authors: Eric
authors: E
authors: Garshick
authors: Francine
authors: F
authors: Laden
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D004727:Endothelium / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D014481:United States; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000633:toxicity*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D015415:Biomarkers; D001335:Vehicle Emissions