title: Risk of recurrence and long-term outcomes after colonic diverticular bleeding.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Diverticular disease is one of the most common causes of acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding. We aimed to evaluate the natural history, follow-up, and risk factors associated with re-bleeding (recurrence) in patients with colonic diverticular bleeding.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed patients with proven colonic diverticular hemorrhage from September 1993 to June 2012 at our institution. Recurrence was the main outcome measure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 78 out of 95 patients with proven diverticular bleed who were treated non-operatively and were followed up for a median of 57.1 months. Thirty-seven (47 %) of these patients with a median age of 67 years developed recurrent diverticular bleed after a median time of 8.1 months. The bleeding originated from the left colon in 78 (83 %) out of 95 patients in the first bleeding episode and 31(84 %) out of 37 patients during the recurrent bleeding episode. Thirty-six patients (97 %) with recurrent diverticular bleed required surgical intervention. Old age at the time of initial bleeding was associated with recurrence (p = 0.001). Patients with diverticulitis (p < 0.0001), peripheral vascular (p = 0.01), and chronic renal diseases (p = 0.047) were found to have an increased risk for recurrent colonic diverticular bleed. We only had one perioperative mortality due to postoperative sepsis. All other mortalities were not directly associated with surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with a history of colonic diverticular bleed are prone to recur shortly thereafter. Certain risk factors including increased age, documented diverticulitis, history of peripheral vascular disease, and chronic renal failure may predispose to recurrence.
authors: Department of Colorectal Surgery, Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue A30, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
authors: Erman
authors: E
authors: Aytac
authors: Luca
authors: L
authors: Stocchi
authors: Emre
authors: E
authors: Gorgun
authors: Gokhan
authors: G
authors: Ozuner
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003113:Colonoscopy; D043963:Diverticulosis, Colonic / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D016558:Hemostasis, Endoscopic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors