title: Sleep deprivation impairs performance in the 5-choice continuous performance test: similarities between humans and mice.
abstract: Several groups undergo extended periods without sleep due to working conditions or mental illness. Such sleep deprivation (SD) can deleteriously affect attentional processes and disrupt work and family functioning. Understanding the biological underpinnings of SD effects may assist in developing sleep therapies and cognitive enhancers. Utilizing cross-species tests of attentional processing in humans and rodents would aid in mechanistic studies examining SD-induced inattention. We assessed the effects of 36h of: (1) Total SD (TSD) in healthy male and female humans (n=50); and (2) REM SD (RSD) in male C57BL/6 mice (n=26) on performance in the cross-species 5-choice continuous performance test (5C-CPT). The 5C-CPT includes target trials on which subjects were required to respond and non-target trials on which subjects were required to inhibit from responding. TSD-induced effects on human psychomotor vigilance test (PVT) were also examined. Effects of SD were also examined on mice split into good and poor performance groups based on pre-deprivation scores. In the human 5C-CPT, TSD decreased hit rate and vigilance with trend-level effects on accuracy. In the PVT, TSD slowed response times and increased lapses. In the mouse 5C-CPT, RSD reduced accuracy and hit rate with trend-level effects on vigilance, primarily in good performers. In conclusion, SD induced impaired 5C-CPT performance in both humans and mice and validates the 5C-CPT as a cross-species translational task. The 5C-CPT can be used to examine mechanisms underlying SD-induced deficits in vigilance and assist in testing putative cognitive enhancers.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0804, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804USA; Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors: Jordy
authors: J
authors: van Enkhuizen
authors: Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0804, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804USA.
authors: Dean
authors: D
authors: Acheson
authors: Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0804, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804USA; Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (CESAMH), Veteran's Administration, San Diego, CAUSA.
authors: Victoria
authors: V
authors: Risbrough
authors: Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0804, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804USA; Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (CESAMH), Veteran's Administration, San Diego, CAUSA; Psychology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System (VASDHS) , San Diego, CAUSA.
authors: Sean
authors: S
authors: Drummond
authors: Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0804, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804USA; Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (CESAMH), Veteran's Administration, San Diego, CAUSA; Research Service MIRECC, VA San Diego Healthcare System (VASDHS) , San Diego, CAUSA.
authors: Mark A
authors: MA
authors: Geyer
authors: Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0804, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804USA; Research Service MIRECC, VA San Diego Healthcare System (VASDHS) , San Diego, CAUSA. Electronic address: jaredyoung@ucsd.edu.
authors: Jared W
authors: JW
authors: Young
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001143:Arousal; D002755:Choice Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D011594:Psychometrics; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000150:complications*; D013045:Species Specificity; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: 5-Choice Continuous Performance Test; 5-Choice Serial Reaction Time Task; 5C-CPT; 5CSRTT; Attention; Bipolar disorder; CPT; CR; Correct rejection; FA; FA rate; FAR; False alarm; HR; Hit rate; ITI; Inter-trial interval; PVT; Psychomotor Vigilance Test; Psychomotor vigilance test; REM; REM sleep deprivation; RI; RSD; RT; Rapid eye movement; Reaction time; Responsivity index; SD; Sleep deprivation; TSD; Total sleep deprivation; Vigilance; vRT; variable RT