title: Development and psychoanalysis: then and now-the influence of infant studies.
abstract: In this paper I review early analytic concepts of infancy and development that were based on top-down theories derived from adult treatment and pathological formations. The therapeutic approach of neutrality, abstinence, and anonymity was concordant with developmental hypotheses. I then present a contemporary view of infancy derived from bottom-up research and observation. I describe twelve capacities and qualities of experience that emerge during the first year of life and influence all later development.
authors: 6256 Clearwood Rd., Bethesda, MD 20817. E-mail: JoeLichtenberg@aol.com.
authors: Joseph D
authors: JD
authors: Lichtenberg
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D002657:Child Development; D003243:Consciousness; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009034:Mother-Child Relations / Q000523:psychology; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D011572:Psychoanalysis / Q000639:trends*; D011574:Psychoanalytic Theory; D011575:Psychoanalytic Therapy; D002666:Psychology, Child / Q000639:trends*; D012649:Self Concept