title: Resting state fMRI reveals a default mode dissociation between retrosplenial and medial prefrontal subnetworks in ASD despite motion scrubbing.
abstract: In resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) decreased frontal-posterior functional connectivity is a persistent finding. However, the picture of the default mode network (DMN) hypoconnectivity remains incomplete. In addition, the functional connectivity analyses have been shown to be susceptible even to subtle motion. DMN hypoconnectivity in ASD has been specifically called for re-evaluation with stringent motion correction, which we aimed to conduct by so-called scrubbing. A rich set of default mode subnetworks can be obtained with high dimensional group independent component analysis (ICA) which can potentially provide more detailed view of the connectivity alterations. We compared the DMN connectivity in high-functioning adolescents with ASDs to typically developing controls using ICA dual-regression with decompositions from typical to high dimensionality. Dual-regression analysis within DMN subnetworks did not reveal alterations but connectivity between anterior and posterior DMN subnetworks was decreased in ASD. The results were very similar with and without motion scrubbing thus indicating the efficacy of the conventional motion correction methods combined with ICA dual-regression. Specific dissociation between DMN subnetworks was revealed on high ICA dimensionality, where networks centered at the medial prefrontal cortex and retrosplenial cortex showed weakened coupling in adolescents with ASDs compared to typically developing control participants. Generally the results speak for disruption in the anterior-posterior DMN interplay on the network level whereas local functional connectivity in DMN seems relatively unaltered.
authors: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital Oulu, Finland ; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Oulu, Finland.
authors: Tuomo
authors: T
authors: Starck
authors: Juha
authors: J
authors: Nikkinen
authors: Jukka
authors: J
authors: Rahko
authors: Jukka
authors: J
authors: Remes
authors: Tuula
authors: T
authors: Hurtig
authors: Helena
authors: H
authors: Haapsamo
authors: Katja
authors: K
authors: Jussila
authors: Sanna
authors: S
authors: Kuusikko-Gauffin
authors: Marja-Leena
authors: ML
authors: Mattila
authors: Eira
authors: E
authors: Jansson-Verkasalo
authors: David L
authors: DL
authors: Pauls
authors: Hanna
authors: H
authors: Ebeling
authors: Irma
authors: I
authors: Moilanen
authors: Osmo
authors: O
authors: Tervonen
authors: Vesa J
authors: VJ
authors: Kiviniemi
keywords: ICA; autism; default mode; fMRI; motion; resting state