title: Functional interplay between stimulus-oriented and stimulus-independent attending during a prospective memory task.
abstract: Recent studies have suggested that medial (medBA10) and lateral (latBA10) portions of the Brodmann area 10 subserve respectively stimulus-oriented (SO) and stimulus-independent (SI) attending during prospective memory (PM) tasks. We investigated this dissociation by manipulating the saliency (SO) and the memory load (SI) of PM cues. Sixteen healthy subjects participated to a functional imaging protocol with a 2×2×2 experimental design, including the factors: task (ongoing target vs. PM cue), Saliency (high vs. low; with targets/cues either embedded or standing out from distracters), and memory load (high vs. low; with 1 or 4 possible PM targets). We localized the medBA10 and latBA10 by means of a localizer task. In medBA10 we found a significant main effects of high Saliency and low memory load; whereas in the left latBA10, we found a significant task×load interaction, with maximal activation for PM cues presented in the high load condition. These results are in agreement with the gateway hypothesis: during a PM task medBA10 biases attention toward external salient stimuli, SO attending, while latBA10 biases attention toward internal mnemonic representations, SI attending. Additional whole-brain analyses highlighted activation of other areas besides BA10, consistent with recent proposals that emphasise the role of distributed networks during PM performance.
authors: Clinical and Behavioural Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via Ardeatina 306, Rome 00179, Italy; Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: f.barban@hsantalucia.it.
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Barban
authors: Clinical and Behavioural Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via Ardeatina 306, Rome 00179, Italy; Neurologic Clinic, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy.
authors: Giovanni Augusto
authors: GA
authors: Carlesimo
authors: Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.
authors: Emiliano
authors: E
authors: Macaluso
authors: Clinical and Behavioural Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via Ardeatina 306, Rome 00179, Italy; Neurologic Clinic, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy.
authors: Carlo
authors: C
authors: Caltagirone
authors: Clinical and Behavioural Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via Ardeatina 306, Rome 00179, Italy.
authors: Alberto
authors: A
authors: Costa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D003463:Cues; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D011930:Reaction Time; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Broadmann area 10; Frontal pole; Prospective memory; fMRI