title: Sinonasal extramedullary plasmacytoma: a systematic review of 175 patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study reviews the published literature related to extramedullary sinonasal plasmacytomas. Clinical presentation, demographics, treatment, and outcomes of this uncommon disease are reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic review of studies for sinonasal plasmacytomas from 1950 to 2012 was conducted. A PubMed database search, both for articles related to this condition along with bibliographies of those selected articles, was performed. Articles were examined for patient data that reported disease outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-seven journal articles were included in this analysis, comprising a total of 175 cases. Radiotherapy was the most common treatment modality, used in 89 cases, followed by a combination of surgery and radiotherapy, and surgery alone. A total of 71.8% of patients were alive after a median follow-up of 39 months, independent of treatment modality. A combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy was rarely used but had the best treatment outcome, with 88.9% of patients (8/9 patients) alive. Of the 3 most common treatment modalities, a combination of radiotherapy and surgery had the most favorable outcomes. Sixteen patients (9.1%) converted to multiple myeloma, with the majority of these patients (75.0%) receiving radiotherapy alone as their treatment modality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This review contains the largest pool of sinonasal plasmacytoma patients to date and suggests aggressive radiotherapy is the most common treatment modality for this condition. Of the 3 most common treatment modalities, a combination of surgery and radiotherapy was shown to have the best survival outcomes.
authors: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ.
authors: Christine
authors: C
authors: D'Aguillo
authors: Resha S
authors: RS
authors: Soni
authors: Chirag
authors: C
authors: Gordhan
authors: James K
authors: JK
authors: Liu
authors: Soly
authors: S
authors: Baredes
authors: Jean Anderson
authors: JA
authors: Eloy
mesh_terms: D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D010256:Paranasal Sinuses / Q000473:pathology* / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000601:surgery; D010954:Plasmacytoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: chemotherapy; extramedullary plasmacytoma; nasal tumor; plasmacytoma; radiotherapy; sinonasal plasmacytoma; sinus tumor; surgical management