title: The effects of lornoxicam on neuroprotection following diffuse traumatic brain injury in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, the effects of lornoxicam on the prevention of secondary brain injury via the apoptotic pathway were studied in a rat model of head injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty adult male Wistar albino rats were anesthetized, and experimental closed head trauma was induced by allowing a 450 g weight to fall two meters onto a metallic disk fixed to the intact skull. After head injury, the rats were randomly divided into two groups: Group I (n=15) rats were administered 2 mL saline intraperitoneally (controls); Group II (n=15) rats were administered 2 mL 1.3 mg kg-1 lornoxicam intraperitoneally. Brain tissue samples were divided into two pieces by interhemispheric incision for biochemical and histological analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TUNEL positivity was seen in neuroglia cells of the brain cortex in both groups. While the immunoreactivities of caspase 8, 9 and Fas/ Fas ligand were similar in both groups, the immunoreactivity of caspase 3 was greater in Group I than Group II. MDA was significantly lower in Group II than in Group I (p < 0.05). The decrease in SOD level was higher in Group I than Group II.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lornoxicam did not prevent apoptosis in this rat model of brain trauma but causes a decrease.
authors: Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Manisa, Turkey.
authors: Ismet
authors: I
authors: Topcu
authors: Seda
authors: S
authors: Vatansever
authors: Eda
authors: E
authors: Bayram
authors: Ahmet
authors: A
authors: Var
authors: Ismail
authors: I
authors: Cetin
authors: Melek
authors: M
authors: Civi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010894:Piroxicam / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010894:Piroxicam; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D020169:Caspases; C059451:lornoxicam