title: What the neurosurgeon should know about hemangioblastoma, both sporadic and in Von Hippel-Lindau disease: A literature review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hemangioblastomas are associated with Von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHLD) in 10-40% of cases. Based upon a literature review we state the core features the neurosurgeon should be aware of.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a selective literature (Cochrane and Medline) search for hemangioblastoma, both sporadic and VHL associated. We reviewed general characteristics (epidemiology, symptomatology, diagnosis, and management) and focused on follow-up as well as screening modalities for sporadic and VHL associated lesions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Based upon our literature search, we established guidelines for screening and follow-up in both sporadic and VHL associated hemangioblastoma patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Screening for retinal angiomas, abdominal masses, and pheochromocytomas as well as genetic analysis is recommended for every patient with a newly diagnosed hemangioblastoma. Follow-up is by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the clinical neuronal region at 6 and at 12-24 months postoperatively. For VHL-associated hemangioblastomas yearly investigation for craniospinal hemangioblastoma by MRI and yearly screening and follow-up for retinal angiomas is recommended. Annual abdominal ultrasound with triennial computed tomography (CT) imaging for abdominal masses is postulated. Annual audiometry is to be performed for possible endolymphatic sac tumor, detailed radiographic imaging of the skull base should be performed upon abnormality in auditory testing. Investigations for cystadenomas of the epidydimis and broad ligament only are mandatory on indication. Annual investigation for pheochromocytoma is recommended.
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat, Belgium.
authors: Sven
authors: S
authors: Bamps
authors: Frank Van
authors: FV
authors: Calenbergh
authors: Steven De
authors: SD
authors: Vleeschouwer
authors: Johannes Van
authors: JV
authors: Loon
authors: Raf
authors: R
authors: Sciot
authors: Eric
authors: E
authors: Legius
authors: Jan
authors: J
authors: Goffin
keywords: Diagnosis; Von Hippel-Lindau disease; follow-up; hemangioblastoma; work-up