title: Antidiabetic drugs and their potential role in treating mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: The incidence of both diabetes mellitus (DM) and dementia increases with aging and the incidence of dementia are higher in people with diabetes. Epidemiological and pathological data suggest that DM contributes to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. DM seems to be an independent risk factor for MCI and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is associated with more rapid cognitive decline. Recent evidence points out that insulin affects central nervous system functions, and can modulate cognitive functions. Impaired insulin signaling and insulin resistance in brain have been found to play an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. Human studies have shown that some oral antidiabetic medications can improve cognition in patients with MCI and AD. Intranasal insulin has also been shown to improve memory and cognitive abilities in MCI and AD patients. While it remains unclear whether management of diabetes will reduce the incidence of MCI and AD, emerging evidence suggests that diabetes therapies may improve cognitive function.
authors: Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada.
authors: Kannayiram
authors: K
authors: Alagiakrishnan
authors: Sowndramalingam
authors: S
authors: Sankaralingam
authors: Mahua
authors: M
authors: Ghosh
authors: Laurie
authors: L
authors: Mereu
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Senior
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000818:Animals; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018450:Disease Progression; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008687:Metformin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D008687:Metformin