title: Metabolomic analysis reveals the potential metabolites and pathogenesis involved in mulberry yellow dwarf disease.
abstract: To analyse the molecular mechanisms of phytoplasma pathogenicity, the comprehensive metabolomic changes of mulberry leaf and phloem sap in response to phytoplasma infection were examined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The metabolic profiles obtained revealed that the metabolite compositions of leaf and phloem sap were different, and phytoplasma infection has a greater impact on the metabolome of phloem sap than of leaf. Phytoplasma infection brought about the content changes in various metabolites, such as carbohydrates, amino acids, organic acids, etc. Meanwhile, the results of biochemical analysis showed that the degradation of starch was repressed, and the starch content was increased in the infected leaves. In addition, we found that phytoplasma infection changed the levels of abscisic acid and cytokinin and break phytohormone balance. Interestingly, our data showed that the contents of H2O2 and superoxide were increased in the infected leaves, but not in the phloem saps. Based on the results, the expression levels of the genes involved in the metabolism of some changed metabolites were examined, and the potential molecular mechanisms of these changes were discussed. It can be concluded that both the leaf and phloem saps have a complicated metabolic response to phytoplasma infection, but their response mechanisms were different.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China.
authors: Ying-Ping
authors: YP
authors: Gai
authors: Xue-Juan
authors: XJ
authors: Han
authors: Yi-Qun
authors: YQ
authors: Li
authors: Chuan-Zhong
authors: CZ
authors: Yuan
authors: Yao-Yao
authors: YY
authors: Mo
authors: Fang-Yue
authors: FY
authors: Guo
authors: Qing-Xin
authors: QX
authors: Liu
authors: Xian-Ling
authors: XL
authors: Ji
mesh_terms: D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D003583:Cytokinins / Q000378:metabolism; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D055432:Metabolomics; D031625:Morus / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D052585:Phloem / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D045582:Phytoplasma / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D013213:Starch / Q000378:metabolism; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D003583:Cytokinins; D013481:Superoxides; D000040:Abscisic Acid; D013213:Starch; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide
keywords: metabolomic profiling; mulberry; pathogenesis; phloem sap; phytoplasma