title: Maraba virus as a potent oncolytic vaccine vector.
abstract: The rhabdovirus Maraba has recently been characterized as a potent oncolytic virus. In the present study, we engineered an attenuated Maraba strain, defined as MG1, to express a melanoma-associated tumor antigen. Its ability to mount an antitumor immunity was evaluated in tumor-free and melanoma tumor-bearing mice. Alone, the MG1 vaccine appeared insufficient to prime detectable adaptive immunity against the tumor antigen. However, when used as a boosting vector in a heterologous prime-boost regimen, MG1 vaccine rapidly generated strong antigen-specific T-cell immune responses. Once applied for treating syngeneic murine melanoma tumors, our oncolytic prime-boost vaccination protocol involving Maraba MG1 dramatically extended median survival and allowed complete remission in more than 20% of the animals treated. This work describes Maraba virus MG1 as a potent vaccine vector for cancer immunotherapy displaying both oncolytic activity and a remarkable ability to boost adaptive antitumor immunity.
authors: McMaster Immunology Research Center, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Jonathan G
authors: JG
authors: Pol
authors: McMaster Immunology Research Center, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Liang
authors: L
authors: Zhang
authors: McMaster Immunology Research Center, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Byram W
authors: BW
authors: Bridle
authors: McMaster Immunology Research Center, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Innovative Cancer Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Kyle B
authors: KB
authors: Stephenson
authors: McMaster Immunology Research Center, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Julien
authors: J
authors: Rességuier
authors: McMaster Immunology Research Center, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Stephen
authors: S
authors: Hanson
authors: McMaster Immunology Research Center, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Lan
authors: L
authors: Chen
authors: McMaster Immunology Research Center, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Natasha
authors: N
authors: Kazdhan
authors: McMaster Immunology Research Center, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Jonathan L
authors: JL
authors: Bramson
authors: Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors: David F
authors: DF
authors: Stojdl
authors: McMaster Immunology Research Center, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Yonghong
authors: Y
authors: Wan
authors: McMaster Immunology Research Center, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: lichtyb@mcmaster.ca.
authors: Brian D
authors: BD
authors: Lichty
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D007117:Immunization, Secondary / Q000379:methods; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental; D051379:Mice; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D050504:Oncolytic Viruses / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D012209:Rhabdoviridae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018116:Vesiculovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D056189:Viral Tropism
chemical_list: D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; C042501:dopachrome isomerase