title: Quick screening of cognitive function in Indian multiple sclerosis patients using Montreal cognitive assessment test-short version.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cognitive impairments in multiple sclerosis (MS) are now well recognized worldwide, but unfortunately this domain has been less explored in India due to many undermining factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate cognitive impairments in Indian MS patients with visual or upper limb motor problems with the help of short version of Montreal cognitive assessment test (MoCA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty MS patients and 50 matched controls were recruited for the 12 points MoCA task. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was performed to determine optimal sensitivity and specificity of the 12 points MoCA in differentiating cognitively impaired patients and controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean 12 points MoCA scores of the controls and MS patients were 11.56 ± 0.67 and 8.06 ± 1.99, respectively. In our study, the optimal cut-off value for 12 points MoCA to be able to differentiate patients with cognitive impairments from controls is 10/12. Accordingly, 73.3% patients fell below the cut off value. Both the groups did not have significant statistical differences with regard to age and educational years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 12 points, short version of MoCA, is a useful brief screening tool for quick and early detection of mild cognitive impairments in subjects with MS. It can be administered to patients having visual and motor problems. It is of potential use by primary care physicians, nurses, and other allied health professionals who need a quick screening test. No formal training for administration is required. Financial and time constraints should not limit the use of the proposed instrument.
authors: Department of Neurorehabilitation, Bihar Neurodiagnostic Centre, Sheikhpura, Patna, Bihar, India.
authors: Darshpreet
authors: D
authors: Kaur
authors: Gunjan
authors: G
authors: Kumar
authors: Ajay Kumar
authors: AK
authors: Singh
keywords: Cognitive impairments; Indian; montreal cognitive assessment test; multiple sclerosis