title: Biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the oleaginous marine diatom Fistulifera sp. strain JPCC DA0580.
abstract: Studies of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) biosynthesis in microalgae are of great importance for many reasons, including the production of biofuel and variable omega 3-long chain PUFAs. The elucidation of the PUFA biosynthesis pathway is necessary for bioengineering to increase or decrease PUFA content in certain microalgae. In this study, we identified the PUFA synthesis pathway in the oleaginous marine diatom, Fistulifera sp. strain JPCC DA0580, a promising candidate for biodiesel production. The data revealed not only the presence of the desaturases and elongases involved in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) synthesis, but also the unexpected localization of ω3-desaturase expression in the chloroplast. This suggests that this microalga might perform the final step of EPA synthesis in the chloroplast and not in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) like other diatoms. The detailed fatty acid profile suggests that the EPA was synthesized only through the ω6-pathway in this strain, which was also different from other diatoms. Finally, the transcriptome analysis demonstrated an overall down-regulation of desaturases and elongases over incubation time. These genetic features might explain the decrease of PUFA percentage over incubation time in this strain. The important insights into metabolite synthesis acquired here will be useful for future metabolic engineering to control PUFA content in this diatom.
authors: Yue
authors: Y
authors: Liang
authors: Yoshiaki
authors: Y
authors: Maeda
authors: Yoshihiko
authors: Y
authors: Sunaga
authors: Masaki
authors: M
authors: Muto
authors: Mitsufumi
authors: M
authors: Matsumoto
authors: Tomoko
authors: T
authors: Yoshino
authors: Division of Biotechnology and Life Science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan. tsuyo@cc.tuat.ac.jp.
authors: Tsuyoshi
authors: T
authors: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D056804:Biofuels / Q000382:microbiology; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017377:Diatoms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000235:genetics; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D058086:Microalgae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases; C040448:delta-12 fatty acid desaturase; C078565:omega-3 fatty acid desaturase