title: Structural analysis of proanthocyanidins isolated from fruit stone of Chinese hawthorn with potent antityrosinase and antioxidant activity.
abstract: Proanthocyanidins were isolated from fruit stone of Chinese hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. var. major N.E.Br.). Their structures were analyzed and elucidated by methods of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS). The results demonstrated that these compounds are complicated mixtures of homo- and heteropolymers consisting of procyanidin/procyanidin gallate and prodelphinidin. They possessed structural heterogeneity in monomer units, polymer length, and interflavan linkage (A-type and B-type). Their antityrosinase and antioxidant activity were then investigated. The results revealed that they can inhibit tyrosinase activities, including the monophenolase activity and the diphenolase activity. In addition, proanthocyanidins possessed potent antioxidant activity. Our studies revealed that proanthocyanidins isolated from fruit stone of Chinese hawthorn may be applied in food, agriculture, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, China.
authors: Wei-Ming
authors: WM
authors: Chai
authors: Chih-Min
authors: CM
authors: Chen
authors: Yu-Sen
authors: YS
authors: Gao
authors: Hui-Ling
authors: HL
authors: Feng
authors: Yu-Mei
authors: YM
authors: Ding
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Shi
authors: Han-Tao
authors: HT
authors: Zhou
authors: Qing-Xi
authors: QX
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D027825:Crataegus / Q000737:chemistry*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D015394:Molecular Structure; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; C013221:proanthocyanidin; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase
keywords: HPLC-ESI-MS; MALDI-TOF MS; antioxidant activity; antityrosinase activity; hawthorn proanthocyanidins; structural analysis