title: Disintegration rate and properties of active pharmaceutical ingredient particles as determined from the dissolution time profile of a pharmaceutical formulation: an inverse problem.
abstract: Dissolution profile of a finished dosage form (FDF) contains hidden information regarding the disintegration of the form and the particle properties of the active pharmaceutical ingredient. Here, an extraction of this information from the dissolution profile without limitation to sink conditions is provided. In the article, mathematical relationships between the continuously measured dissolution profile of an FDF containing uniform or heterogeneous particles and its disintegration rate are developed. Further, the determinability of the disintegration kinetics and particle properties released from an FDF using the derived recurrent procedure was analyzed. On the basis of the theoretical data sets, it was demonstrated that the introduced analysis of dissolution profiles correctly identifies the disintegration rate of FDF containing multiple particle types. Furthermore, for known disintegration rates, the intrinsic lifetime of particles (time needed for total particle dissolution in infinite volume) released from the FDF and their relative amount can be determined. The extractable information from FDF dissolution time profiles can be utilized in designing of the formulation process, resulting in improved understanding of FDF properties, contributing thus to the implementation of quality by design in the FDF development.
authors: Stefan Horkovics-Kovats, Sandoz GmbH, Kundl, Austria.
authors: Stefan
authors: S
authors: Horkovics-Kovats
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods*; D004304:Dosage Forms; D007700:Kinetics; D015233:Models, Statistical; D010316:Particle Size; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000737:chemistry*; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D004304:Dosage Forms; D052638:Particulate Matter; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations
keywords: Volterra integral equations; disintegration; dissolution; inverse problem; mathematical model; particle size; physicochemical properties; quality by design; solubility