title: In vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of Peanut agglutinin through induction of apoptotic and autophagic cell death.
abstract: In this study we unravel the mechanism underlying the antitumorigenic effects of Peanut agglutinin (PNA) isolated from Arachis hypogea in Dalton's lymphoma (DL) bearing mice and elucidated the mechanism in vitro in HeLa cells. In vivo PNA administration at 1 and 2 mg/kg body weight reduced DL proliferation with increase in autophagic and apoptotic characteristics. In vitro data showed that PNA at 0.1-100 μg/ml dose exhibit selective antiproliferative activity on various cancer cell lines without displaying cytotoxic effect on normal cells. However, heat denatured PNA failed to show any antiproliferative activity. Moreover, PNA was found to induce autophagic and apoptotic cell death in HeLa cells. Exponential increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) was proved to be the master signal for promoting PNA induced cell death in HeLa cells. Interestingly, when HeLa cells were pre-exposed with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and followed to PNA treatment, there was sharp decline in autophagy, apoptosis and a concomitant abrogation of antiproliferative potential. PNA at lower doses was also seen to inflict senescence. Hence, this common culinary item derived molecule whose discovery dates back to late 1970s was for the first time evaluated mechanistically in vivo and in vitro as a novel naturally occurring therapeutic agent against cancer.
authors: Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
authors: Subhadip
authors: S
authors: Mukhopadhyay
authors: Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
authors: Prashanta Kumar
authors: PK
authors: Panda
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India.
authors: Birendra
authors: B
authors: Behera
authors: Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
authors: Chandan Kanta
authors: CK
authors: Das
authors: Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
authors: Md Khurshidul
authors: MK
authors: Hassan
authors: Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
authors: Durgesh Nandini
authors: DN
authors: Das
authors: Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
authors: Niharika
authors: N
authors: Sinha
authors: Department of Biotechnology & Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
authors: Akalabya
authors: A
authors: Bissoyi
authors: Department of Biotechnology & Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
authors: Krishna
authors: K
authors: Pramanik
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India.
authors: Tapas K
authors: TK
authors: Maiti
authors: Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India. Electronic address: sbhutia@nitrkl.ac.in.
authors: Sujit K
authors: SK
authors: Bhutia
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D019887:Peanut Agglutinin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D019887:Peanut Agglutinin; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
keywords: Apoptosis; Autophagy; Dalton’s lymphoma; Peanut agglutinin; ROS; Senescence