title: Likely Introduction Date of Schmallenberg Virus into France According to Monthly Serological Surveys in Cattle.
abstract: To estimate the date of introduction of Schmallenberg virus (SBV) into France, the prevalence of antibodies against the virus was determined monthly in cattle from two northern departments from August 2011 to April 2012. Seropositive cattle were detected from October 2011 in both departments with a prevalence of 55.6% in the westernmost department (Meurthe-et-Moselle) and of 12.7% in the easternmost department (Manche). Schmallenberg virus seroprevalence then increased rapidly to high levels.
authors: Epidemiology Unit, Animal Health Laboratory, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Maisons-Alfort, France.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Zanella
authors: Epidemiology Unit, Animal Health Laboratory, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Maisons-Alfort, France.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Raballand
authors: Epidemiology Unit, Animal Health Laboratory, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Maisons-Alfort, France.
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Durand
authors: Virology Unit, Animal Health Laboratory, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Maisons-Alfort, France.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Sailleau
authors: Laboratoire vétérinaire et alimentaire départemental d'analyses de la Meurthe-et-Moselle, Malzéville, France.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Pelzer
authors: Laboratoire départemental d'analyses de la Manche, Saint-Lô, France.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Benoit
authors: Virology Unit, Animal Health Laboratory, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Maisons-Alfort, France.
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Doceul
authors: Virology Unit, Animal Health Laboratory, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Maisons-Alfort, France.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Zientara
authors: Virology Unit, Animal Health Laboratory, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Maisons-Alfort, France.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Bréard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D002044:Bunyaviridae Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D003612:Dairying; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D016851:Orthobunyavirus / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015995:Prevalence; D012621:Seasons; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral
keywords: France; Schmallenberg virus; cattle; seroprevalence; survey