title: Reducing dietary loading decreases mouse temporomandibular joint degradation induced by anterior crossbite prosthesis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Dietary loading has been reported to have an effect on temporomandibular joint (TMJ) remodeling via periodontal-muscular reflex. We therefore examined whether reducing dietary loading decreased TMJ degradation induced by the unilateral anterior crossbite prosthesis as we recently reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty 6-week-old female C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into two experimental and two control groups. One experimental and one control group received small-size diet and the other two groups received large-size diet. Unilateral anterior crossbite prosthesis was created in the two experimental groups. The TMJ samples were collected 3 weeks after experimental operation. Histological changes in condylar cartilage and subchondral bone were assessed by Hematoxylin & Eosin, toluidine blue, Safranin O and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and/or immunohistochemistry were performed to evaluate the expression levels of Collagen II, Aggrecan, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS-5) and RANKL/RANK/OPG in TMJ condylar cartilage and/or subchondral bone.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thinner and degraded cartilage, reduced cartilage cellular density, decreased expression levels of Collagen II and Aggrecan, loss of subchondral bone and enhanced osteoclast activity were observed in TMJs of both experimental groups. However, the cartilage degradation phenotype was less severe and cartilage ADAMTS-5 mRNA was lower while OPG/RANKL ratio in cartilage and subchondral bone was higher in the small-size than large-size diet experimental group. No differences of histomorphology and the tested molecules were found between the two control groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current findings suggest that a lower level of functional loading by providing small-size diet could reduce TMJ degradation induced by the biomechanical stimulation from abnormal occlusion.
authors: Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors: Y-D
authors: YD
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors: L-F
authors: LF
authors: Liao
authors: Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors: H-Y
authors: HY
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Lu
authors: Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Jiao
authors: Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors: J-J
authors: JJ
authors: He
authors: Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 15 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors: Y-P
authors: YP
authors: Wu
authors: Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China. Electronic address: libraking2000@yahoo.com.cn.
authors: M-Q
authors: MQ
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D051722:ADAM Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000071116:ADAMTS5 Protein; D053674:Aggrecans / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000378:metabolism; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D017266:Dental Prosthesis; D004032:Diet; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008409:Mastication / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000502:physiology; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000378:metabolism; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000378:metabolism; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D053674:Aggrecans; D024043:Collagen Type II; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D053245:RANK Ligand; C506031:Tnfrsf11b protein, mouse; C505689:Tnfsf11 protein, mouse; D051722:ADAM Proteins; D000071116:ADAMTS5 Protein; C498489:Adamts5 protein, mouse
keywords: Cartilage; Dental occlusion; Dietary loading; Osteoarthritis; Subchondral bone; Temporomandibular joint