title: Tissue microarray is a reliable method for immunohistochemical analysis of pleomorphic adenoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the most adequate number and size of tissue microarray (TMA) cores for pleomorphic adenoma immunohistochemical studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-two pleomorphic adenoma cases were distributed in 3 TMA blocks assembled in triplicate containing 1.0-, 2.0-, and 3.0-mm cores. Immunohistochemical analysis against cytokeratin 7, Ki67, p63, and CD34 were performed and subsequently evaluated with PixelCount, nuclear, and microvessel software applications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 1.0-mm TMA presented lower results than 2.0- and 3.0-mm TMAs versus conventional whole section slides. Possibly because of an increased amount of stromal tissue, 3.0-mm cores presented a higher microvessel density. Comparing the results obtained with one, two, and three 2.0-mm cores, there was no difference between triplicate or duplicate TMAs and a single-core TMA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Considering the possible loss of cylinders during immunohistochemical reactions, 2.0-mm TMAs in duplicate are a more reliable approach for pleomorphic adenoma immunohistochemical study.
authors: Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Felipe Paiva
authors: FP
authors: Fonseca
authors: Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Bruno Augusto Benevenuto
authors: BA
authors: de Andrade
authors: Department of Pathology, State University of Western Paraná, Paraná, Brazil.
authors: Ana Lúcia Carrinho Ayrosa
authors: AL
authors: Rangel
authors: Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Ricardo
authors: R
authors: Della Coletta
authors: Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Márcio Ajudarte
authors: MA
authors: Lopes
authors: Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Oslei Paes
authors: OP
authors: de Almeida
authors: Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: pavargas@fop.unicamp.br.
authors: Pablo Agustin
authors: PA
authors: Vargas
mesh_terms: D008949:Adenoma, Pleomorphic / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012468:Salivary Gland Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor