title: Outcome of primary posterior sagittal anorectoplasty of high anorectal malformation in well selected neonates.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Conventional posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP) for high anorectal malformation (ARM) involves initial colostomy creation with its attendant complications, but primary PSARP in neonates requires no initial colostomy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To report on locally adapted inclusion criteria and outcomes of primary PSARP in neonates in Benin City.
  
  
  METHODS
  Babies who presented during the first week of life in clinically stable conditions, without cardiac anomaly, and had hemogram and blood chemistry within normal ranges, were included in this prospective study undertaken at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital in 2008-2011.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty children with ARM comprising 19 (38%) low/intermediate and 31 (62%) high anomalies were treated during the period. Five (10%) singletons delivered via spontaneous vaginal delivery at term. Aged at operation between two and seven (mean 4) days and comprised three males and two females (ratio 1.5:1), met the inclusion criteria for primary PSARP. The procedure was well tolerated by all the babies; oral intake was commenced on the second post-operative day with nine days median hospitalization duration. No mortality was recorded on six months to four years follow-up. Apart from minor superficial perianal surgical site infection in one baby which responded to antibiotics, no post-operative sepsis or breakdown of repair was recorded. Continence and other anal functions were found excellent using the modified Wingspread scoring during follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These outcomes showed that with meticulous selection, primary PSARP in neonates was feasible and safe in a developing country. Multicenter studies and long-term follow-up are advocated World-wide.
authors: Department of Surgery, Pediatric Surgery Unit, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria.
authors: O D
authors: OD
authors: Osifo
authors: T O
authors: TO
authors: Osagie
authors: E O
authors: EO
authors: Udefiagbon
mesh_terms: D001003:Anal Canal / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery*; D000071056:Anorectal Malformations; D001006:Anus, Imperforate / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009549:Nigeria; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012007:Rectum / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome