title: A palladium label to monitor nanoparticle-assisted drug delivery of a photosensitizer into tumor spheroids by elemental bioimaging.
abstract: In this study, the cellular uptake of the second generation photosensitizer 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(3-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin (mTHPP) was investigated using laser ablation coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) at a spatial resolution of 10 μm. To achieve high sensitivity, the photosensitizer was tagged with palladium. As a tumor model system, a 3D cell culture of the TKF-1 cell line was used. These tumor spheroids were incubated with the Pd-tagged photosensitizer embedded in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles to investigate the efficiency of nanoparticle based drug delivery. An accumulation of the drug in the first cell layers of the tumor spheroid was observed. In the case of nanoparticle based drug delivery, a significantly more homogeneous distribution of the photosensitizer was achieved, compared to tumor spheroids incubated with the dissolved photosensitizer without the nanoparticular drug delivery system. The infiltration depth of the Pd-tagged photosensitizer could not be increased with rising incubation time, which can be attributed to the adsorption of the photosensitizer onto cellular components.
authors: Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 30, 48149 Münster, Germany. uk@uni-muenster.de.
authors: Ann-Christin
authors: AC
authors: Niehoff
authors: Aline
authors: A
authors: Moosmann
authors: Judith
authors: J
authors: Söbbing
authors: Arno
authors: A
authors: Wiehe
authors: Dennis
authors: D
authors: Mulac
authors: Christoph A
authors: CA
authors: Wehe
authors: Olga
authors: O
authors: Reifschneider
authors: Franziska
authors: F
authors: Blaske
authors: Sylvia
authors: S
authors: Wagner
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Sperling
authors: Hagen
authors: H
authors: von Briesen
authors: Klaus
authors: K
authors: Langer
authors: Uwe
authors: U
authors: Karst
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods; D015394:Molecular Structure; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D010165:Palladium / Q000737:chemistry*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018874:Spheroids, Cellular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011166:Porphyrins; C437342:tetra(3-hydroxyphenyl)porphine; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D010165:Palladium