title: Early airway structural changes in cystic fibrosis pigs as a determinant of particle distribution and deposition.
abstract: The pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis (CF) airway disease is not well understood. A porcine CF model was recently generated, and these animals develop lung disease similar to humans with CF. At birth, before infection and inflammation, CF pigs have airways that are irregularly shaped and have a reduced caliber compared to non-CF pigs. We hypothesized that these airway structural abnormalities affect airflow patterns and particle distribution. To test this hypothesis we used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) on airway geometries obtained by computed tomography of newborn non-CF and CF pigs. For the same flow rate, newborn CF pig airways exhibited higher air velocity and resistance compared to non-CF. Moreover we found that, at the carina bifurcation, particles greater than 5-μm preferably distributed to the right CF lung despite almost equal airflow ventilation in non-CF and CF. CFD modeling also predicted that deposition efficiency was greater in CF compared to non-CF for 5- and 10-μm particles. These differences were most significant in the airways included in the geometry supplying the right caudal, right accessory, left caudal, and left cranial lobes. The irregular particle distribution and increased deposition in newborn CF pig airways suggest that early airway structural abnormalities might contribute to CF disease pathogenesis.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, C33GH, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
authors: Maged
authors: M
authors: Awadalla
authors: Shinjiro
authors: S
authors: Miyawaki
authors: Mahmoud H
authors: MH
authors: Abou Alaiwa
authors: Ryan J
authors: RJ
authors: Adam
authors: Drake C
authors: DC
authors: Bouzek
authors: Andrew S
authors: AS
authors: Michalski
authors: Matthew K
authors: MK
authors: Fuld
authors: Karen J
authors: KJ
authors: Reynolds
authors: Eric A
authors: EA
authors: Hoffman
authors: Ching-Long
authors: CL
authors: Lin
authors: David A
authors: DA
authors: Stoltz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019005:Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator / Q000235:genetics; D057446:Hydrodynamics; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation; D013552:Swine; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D019005:Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator