title: Expression of glucagon-like Peptide 1 receptor and its effects on biologic behavior in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) interacts with its specific high-affinity receptor, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R), and induces cellular growth and inhibition of apoptosis in pancreatic β cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the significance of GLP-1R expression in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor expression was semiquantitatively evaluated by immunohistochemical staining in 50 resected PNETs, and the correlation between the GLP-1R expression and clinicopathologic features was investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 23 PNETs with positive expression and 27 PNETs with negative expression of GLP-1R. Positive expression of GLP-1R was more frequently observed in insulinoma than in gastrinoma and nonfunctioning tumor (P < 0.05). Although expression status of GLP-1R did not affect the prognosis of the patients with PNETs (P = 0.82), most of the metastatic sites such as lymph node and liver showed positive staining for GLP-1R (8 of 11 PNETs, 73%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor would be a diagnostic marker of insulinoma and might become a molecular target for treatment of metastatic PNETs and hormonal regulation of insulin.
authors: From the Departments of *Surgery and Oncology, †Anatomic Pathology, and ‡Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Ana Ines
authors: AI
authors: Cases
authors: Takao
authors: T
authors: Ohtsuka
authors: Minoru
authors: M
authors: Fujino
authors: Noboru
authors: N
authors: Ideno
authors: Shingo
authors: S
authors: Kozono
authors: Ming
authors: M
authors: Zhao
authors: Kenoki
authors: K
authors: Ohuchida
authors: Shinichi
authors: S
authors: Aishima
authors: Masatoshi
authors: M
authors: Nomura
authors: Yoshinao
authors: Y
authors: Oda
authors: Kazuhiro
authors: K
authors: Mizumoto
authors: Masao
authors: M
authors: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000067757:Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018027:Receptors, Glucagon / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C000593833:GLP1R protein, human; D000067757:Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor; D018027:Receptors, Glucagon