title: Spherical, cylindrical and tetrahedral symmetries; hydrogenic states at high magnetic field in Si:P.
abstract: Phosphorous donors in silicon have an electronic structure that mimics the hydrogen atom, albeit on a larger length, smaller energy and smaller magnetic field scale. While the hydrogen atom is spherically symmetric, an applied magnetic field imposes cylindrical symmetry, and the solid-state analogue involves, in addition, the symmetry of the Si crystal. For one magnetic field direction, all six conduction-band valleys of Si:P become equivalent. New experimental data to high laboratory fields (30 T), supported by new calculations, demonstrate that this high symmetry field orientation allows the most direct comparison with free hydrogen.
authors: Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia.
authors: R A
authors: RA
authors: Lewis
authors: Faculdade de Ciências, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, 17033-360, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Bruno-Alfonso
authors: POSMAT/UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, 17033-360, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
authors: G V B
authors: GV
authors: de Souza
authors: Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia.
authors: R E M
authors: RE
authors: Vickers
authors: Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia.
authors: J A
authors: JA
authors: Colla
authors: Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Constable