title: Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma and spinal cord infarction following orthotopic liver transplantation: Case report and review of the literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Spinal epidural hematomas are rare conditions. Although the exact cause remains unknown in up to 40% of cases, anticoagulation therapy, neoplasm, thrombolytic therapy, internal jugular vein thrombosis, and prolonged Valsalva maneuvers associated with pregnancy may be contributing factors. The source of bleeding appears to be the dorsal internal vertebral venous plexus (IVVP).
  
  
  METHODS
  A 65-year-old female patient with hepatitis C-related cirrhosis underwent orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). The patient developed SSEH due to congestion of the IVVP in the peri-transplant period. Concurrent spinal cord infarction occurred, likely secondary to hypoperfusion during a cardiac arrest.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This case study should increase awareness of SSEH as a complication of OLT.
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors: Colin C
authors: CC
authors: Buchanan
authors: Daniel C
authors: DC
authors: Lu
authors: Corinne
authors: C
authors: Buchanan
authors: Tram T
authors: TT
authors: Tran
keywords: Complications of liver transplantation; coagulopathy; internal vertebral venous plexus; orthotopic liver transplantation; spinal cord infarction; spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma