title: The clinical, radiological, and bronchoscopic findings and outcomes in patients with benign tracheobronchial tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the characteristics of and treatment outcomes in patients with benign tracheobronchial tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the records of patients with benign tracheobronchial tumors who underwent bronchoscopic intervention with mechanical removal and Nd: YAG laser cauterization, and evaluated the characteristics and treatment outcomes of 55 patients with hamartomas, leiomyomas, papillomas, typical carcinoids, or schwannomas seen between April 1999 and July 2012.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most common tumors were hamartoma (n=24), leiomyoma (n=16), papilloma (n=7), typical carcinoid (n=5), and schwannoma (n=3). Forty-one patients (75%) had symptoms. On chest computed tomography, 35 patients (64%) had round or ovoid lesions, accompanied by atelectasis (n=26, 47%) or obstructive pneumonia (n=17, 31%). Fatty components (n=9, 16%) and calcifications (n=7, 13%) were observed only in hamartomas, leiomyomas, and typical carcinoids. At bronchoscopy, the typical findings were categorized according to tumor shape, surface, color, and visible vessels. Fifty (91%) patients underwent complete resection. Forty patients (73%) achieved successful bronchoscopic removal defined as complete resection without complications or recurrence. Recurrences occurred in four papillomas, one leiomyoma, and one typical carcinoid. The proportions of tumor types (p=0.029) differed between the successful and unsuccessful removal groups, and a pedunculated base (p<0.001) and no spontaneous bleeding (p=0.037) were more frequent in the successful removal group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We described clinical, radiological, and typical bronchoscopic findings in patients with benign tracheobronchial tumors; these findings might help to differentiate such tumors. Bronchoscopic intervention was a useful treatment modality, and tumor type, pedunculated base, and vascularity may influence successful tumor removal.
authors: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Korea. hjk3425@skku.edu.
authors: Byung Woo
authors: BW
authors: Jhun
authors: Kyung-Jong
authors: KJ
authors: Lee
authors: Kyeongman
authors: K
authors: Jeon
authors: Sang-Won
authors: SW
authors: Um
authors: Gee Young
authors: GY
authors: Suh
authors: Man Pyo
authors: MP
authors: Chung
authors: O Jung
authors: OJ
authors: Kwon
authors: Hojoong
authors: H
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001980:Bronchi / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D001999:Bronchoscopy; D002276:Carcinoid Tumor / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006222:Hamartoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009442:Neurilemmoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D010212:Papilloma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Benign tracheobronchial tumors; bronchoscopy; intervention