title: Mass spectrometry analysis of nitrotyrosine-containing proteins.
abstract: Oxidative stress plays important roles in a wide range of diseases such as cancer, inflammatory disease, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Tyrosine nitration in a protein is a chemically stable oxidative modification, and a marker of oxidative injuries. Mass spectrometry (MS) is a key technique to identify nitrotyrosine-containing proteins and nitrotyrosine sites in endogenous and synthetic nitroproteins and nitropeptides. However, in vivo nitrotyrosine-containing proteins occur with extreme low-abundance to severely challenge the use of MS to identify in vivo nitroproteins and nitrotyrosine sites. A preferential enrichment of nitroproteins and/or nitropeptides is necessary before MS analysis. Current enrichment methods include immuno-affinity techniques, chemical derivation of the nitro group plus target isolations, followed with tandem mass spectrometry analysis. This article reviews the MS techniques and pertinent before-MS enrichment techniques for the identification of nitrotyrosine-containing proteins. This article reviews future trends in the field of nitroproteomics, including quantitative nitroproteomics, systems biological networks of nitroproteins, and structural biology study of tyrosine nitration to completely clarify the biological functions of tyrosine nitration.
authors: Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.|Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Structural Biology and Drug Design, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.|State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.|The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, 88 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.
authors: Xianquan
authors: X
authors: Zhan
authors: Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.|Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Structural Biology and Drug Design, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.|State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.
authors: Xiaowei
authors: X
authors: Wang
authors: The Charles B. Stout Neuroscience Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 847 Monroe Avenue, Memphis, Tennessee, 38163.
authors: Dominic M
authors: DM
authors: Desiderio
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011506:Proteins / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D049490:Systems Biology; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; C002744:3-nitrotyrosine; D014443:Tyrosine
keywords: bioinformatics; nitropeptides; nitroprotein; nitroproteomics; nitrotyrosine; quantitative nitroproteomics; structural biology; systems biology