title: Role of immunotherapy in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.
abstract: After several decades of modest results with nonspecific immune stimulants, immunotherapy has become an exciting approach in the treatment of cancer. Although non-small-cell lung cancer has not been considered an immunogenic disease for very long, a better understanding of tumor immunology and the identification of new targets have led to the development of many clinical trials of immune-based therapies for this neoplasm. Promising results from many clinical trials suggest that immunotherapy could be an effective strategy in the management of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Further studies are required to help clinicians in the selection of patients who are more likely to benefit from immunotherapy strategies by the identification of biomarkers and to understand when the combination of immunotherapy with other agents should be recommended.
authors: UOS Tumori Polmonari, IRCCS AOU San Martino IST - Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy.
authors: Erika
authors: E
authors: Rijavec
authors: Carlo
authors: C
authors: Genova
authors: Angela
authors: A
authors: Alama
authors: Giulia
authors: G
authors: Barletta
authors: Claudio
authors: C
authors: Sini
authors: Paolo
authors: P
authors: Pronzato
authors: Simona
authors: S
authors: Coco
authors: Maria Giovanna
authors: MG
authors: Dal Bello
authors: Graziana
authors: G
authors: Savarino
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Truini
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Boccardo
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Grossi
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen / Q000276:immunology; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D000074324:Ipilimumab; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods; D000077594:Nivolumab; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / Q000276:immunology; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D016207:Cytokines; D000074324:Ipilimumab; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; C105992:PDCD1 protein, human; C483020:ProMune; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor; C495371:TLR9 protein, human; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9; D000077594:Nivolumab