title: Endothelium as a gatekeeper of fatty acid transport.
abstract: The endothelium transcends all clinical disciplines and is crucial to the function of every organ system. A critical, but poorly understood, role of the endothelium is its ability to control the transport of energy supply according to organ needs. Fatty acids (FAs) in particular represent a key energy source that is utilized by a number of tissues, but utilization must be tightly regulated to avoid potentially deleterious consequences of excess accumulation, including insulin resistance. Recent studies have identified important endothelial signaling mechanisms, involving vascular endothelial growth factor-B, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, and apelin, that mediate endothelial regulation of FA transport. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms by which these signaling pathways regulate this key endothelial function.
authors: Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
authors: Devi
authors: D
authors: Mehrotra
authors: Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
authors: Jingxia
authors: J
authors: Wu
authors: Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
authors: Irinna
authors: I
authors: Papangeli
authors: Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA. Electronic address: hyung.chun@yale.edu.
authors: Hyung J
authors: HJ
authors: Chun
mesh_terms: D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000073861:Apelin; D001692:Biological Transport; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000503:physiopathology; D004727:Endothelium / Q000502:physiology*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D042561:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor B / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C115436:APLN protein, human; D000073861:Apelin; D005227:Fatty Acids; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D047495:PPAR gamma; D042561:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor B
keywords: PPAR-γ; VEGF-B; apelin; endothelium; fatty acid transport