title: Calcium waves initiating from the anomalous subdiffusive calcium sparks.
abstract: The objective of the study is to investigate the propagation of Ca(2+) waves in full-width cardiac myocytes and carry out sensitivity analysis to study the effects of various physiological parameters on global Ca(2+) waves. Based on the anomalous subdiffusion of Ca(2+) sparks, a mathematical model was proposed to characterize the Ca(2+) waves. The computed results were in agreement with the experimental measurements using confocal microscopy. This model includes variables of current through the Ca(2+) release unit (CRU; ICRU), duration of current flow through CRU (Topen), Ca(2+) sensitivity parameter (K), the longitudinal and transverse spatial separation of CRUs (lx and ly, where x denotes longitudinal direction (x-axis) and y denotes transverse direction (y-axis)) and Ca(2+) diffusion coefficients (Dx, Dy). The spatio-temporal mechanism of the anomalous Ca(2+) sparks led to results that were different from those based on Fick's law. The major findings were reported as: ICRU affected the dynamic properties of Ca(2+) waves more significantly than Topen; the effect of K on the properties of Ca(2+) waves was negligible; ly affected the amplitude significantly, but lx affected the longitudinal velocity significantly; in turn, the limitation and significance of the study are discussed.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Turbulence and Complex Systems and Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China.
authors: Xi
authors: X
authors: Chen
authors: Liang
authors: L
authors: Guo
authors: Jianhong
authors: J
authors: Kang
authors: Yunlong
authors: Y
authors: Huo
authors: Shiqiang
authors: S
authors: Wang
authors: Wenchang
authors: W
authors: Tan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016880:Anisotropy; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000502:physiology*; D004058:Diffusion; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium
keywords: anomalous subdiffusion; calcium spark; calcium wave; cardiac myocyte; numerical simulation