title: Girdin correlated with autophagy in invasive ductal breast carcinomas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Increasing evidence claims that autophagy is essential for breast cancer progression. Girdin was found highly expressed in breast cancers. It has been reported that Girdin attenuates autophagy in HeLa cells. We explored the relationship between Girdin expression and autophagic patterns in breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the study, Girdin expression and autophagic activity were investigated in a series of 99 invasive ductal breast carcinomas after immunohistochemical staining for the autophagy-associated proteins LC3-II and Girdin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The level of Girdin expression negatively correlated with LC3-II level, which represents autophagic activity (r = -0.289), and positively correlated with lymph node metastasis (r = 0.472). Girdin level was found no different in the "diffuse cytoplasmic" and "stone-like" patterns of LC3-II.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Up-regulated autophagy was negatively associated with Girdin level. There was a significant correlation between Girdin expression and lymph nodes metastasis in invasive ductal breast carcinoma.
authors: Ping
authors: P
authors: Jiang
authors: Su-Ping
authors: SP
authors: Cui
authors: Ya-Li
authors: YL
authors: Ren
authors: Jing-Zhuo
authors: JZ
authors: Mao
authors: Hai-Jing
authors: HJ
authors: Liu
authors: Yuan
authors: Y
authors: Tian
authors: Jian-Ying
authors: JY
authors: Liu
authors: Juan
authors: J
authors: Du
authors: Lin
authors: L
authors: Hou
authors: Bo
authors: B
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001343:Autophagy; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C502451:CCDC88A protein, human; C477012:MAP1LC3A protein, human; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins