title: Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level: an independent risk factor for tuberculosis?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with an increased risk of tuberculosis (TB). Low serum vitamin D levels may also be associated with poor nutritional status in TB patients. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the association between low serum vitamin D level and TB, regardless of other nutritional factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D3) levels in TB patients were measured before treatment and 1 year after treatment onset using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and were compared with 25(OH)D3 levels in controls. Nutritional parameters were also measured in all subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 165 active pulmonary TB patients and 197 controls were included in the study. Significantly higher prevalence of 25(OH)D3 insufficiency (<20 ng/mL) and deficiency (<10 ng/mL) in TB patients was showed compared to controls. Serum 25(OH)D3 levels and nutritional parameters were significantly lower in untreated TB patients than in controls. One year after TB treatment onset, nutritional parameters significantly increased; however, serum 25(OH)D3 levels in TB patients showed no significant improvement compared to baseline.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that a low serum 25(OH)D3 level might be a risk factor for TB, independent of nutritional status.
authors: College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Ji Hae
authors: JH
authors: Kim
authors: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Lung Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jong-Sun
authors: JS
authors: Park
authors: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Lung Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
authors: Young-Jae
authors: YJ
authors: Cho
authors: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Lung Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
authors: Ho-Il
authors: HI
authors: Yoon
authors: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jung Han
authors: JH
authors: Song
authors: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Lung Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
authors: Choon-Tack
authors: CT
authors: Lee
authors: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Lung Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jhlee7@snubh.org.
authors: Jae Ho
authors: JH
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D
keywords: Nutritional status; Tuberculosis; Vitamin D deficiency