title: [Trend in dietary calcium intake among Chinese children and adolescents aged 4 to 17 years in nine provinces from 1991 to 2009].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To understand the daily calcium intake, food sources and the trends among Chinese children and adolescents aged 4 to 17 years from 1991 to 2009.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive 3-day-24-hour dietary recall data from the seven waves of the China Health and Nutrition Survey(CHNS)was used to describe the status and trends of daily calcium intake and related food sources.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between 1991 and 2009, the daily intake of calcium in Chinese children and adolescents showed an increasing trend. In 2009, the average intakes of calcium in Chinese boys and girls were 311.2 mg/d and 294.6 mg/d, respectively. 81.5%-87.6% of boys and 87.0%-91.0% of girls had their calcium intakes less than half of the recommended amount of adequate intakes. Only 0.2%-0.8% of boys and 0.1%-0.8% of girls had their calcium intakes equal or higher than the recommended amount of adequate intakes. The sources of dietary calcium were mainly from vegetables, legumes, cereals and milk products for Chinese children and adolescents, accounting for more than 70% of the average daily intakes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  During the past two decades, the dietary calcium intake of Chinese children and adolescents still remained at lower level, suggesting that the optimal food sources of calcium were under-consumed.
authors: Department of Public Health Nutrition,National Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
authors: Ji
authors: J
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Public Health Nutrition,National Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
authors: Hui-jun
authors: HJ
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Public Health Nutrition,National Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
authors: Zhi-hong
authors: ZH
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Public Health Nutrition,National Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
authors: Ji-guo
authors: JG
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Public Health Nutrition,National Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
authors: Wen-wen
authors: WW
authors: Du
authors: Department of Public Health Nutrition,National Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
authors: Chang
authors: C
authors: Su
authors: Department of Public Health Nutrition,National Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
authors: Hong-ru
authors: HR
authors: Jiang
authors: Department of Public Health Nutrition,National Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
authors: Feng-ying
authors: FY
authors: Zhai
authors: Department of Public Health Nutrition,National Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China. Email:zzhangb327@yahoo.com.cn.
authors: Bing
authors: B
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000032:analysis*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009749:Nutrition Surveys
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary