title: Anti-inflammatory effects of botulinum toxin type a in a complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritic knee joint of hind leg on rat model.
abstract: The objective of the study is to verify histopathologically the anti-inflammatory effect of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) in a Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritic knee joint of hind leg on rat model using immunofluorescent staining of anti-ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) antibody. Twenty-eight experimental rats were injected with 0.1 ml of CFA solution in the knee joint of the hind leg bilaterally. Three weeks after CFA injection, the BoNT-A group (N = 14) was injected with 20 IU (0.1 ml) of BoNT-A bilaterally while the saline group (N = 14) was injected with 0.1 ml of saline in the knee joint of the hind leg bilaterally. One and two weeks after BoNT-A or saline injection, joint inflammation was investigated in seven rats from each group using histopathological and immune-fluorescent staining of Iba-1 and IL-1β antibody. The number of Iba-1 and IL-1β immune-reactive (IR) cells was counted in the BoNT-A and saline groups for comparison. There was a significant reduction in joint inflammation and destruction in the BoNT-A group at 1 and 2 weeks after BoNT-A injection compared with the saline group. The binding of Iba-1 and IL-1β antibody was significantly lower in the BoNT-A group than the saline group at 1 and 2 weeks after BoNT-A injection. The number of Iba-1 and IL-1β-IR cells at 1 and 2 weeks after the injection of BoNT-A were significantly different from the corresponding number of Iba-1 and IL-1β-IR cells in the saline group. To conclude, BoNT-A had an anti-inflammatory effect in a CFA-induced arthritic rat model, indicating that BoNT-A could potentially be used to treat inflammatory joint pain.
authors: Department of Oral Anatomy, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea.
authors: Ki Yeon
authors: KY
authors: Yoo
authors: Hee Su
authors: HS
authors: Lee
authors: Young Kyung
authors: YK
authors: Cho
authors: You Sun
authors: YS
authors: Lim
authors: Yi Seul
authors: YS
authors: Kim
authors: Jung Hoi
authors: JH
authors: Koo
authors: Se Jin
authors: SJ
authors: Yoon
authors: Jung Hwan
authors: JH
authors: Lee
authors: Ki Hyo
authors: KH
authors: Jang
authors: Sun Hong
authors: SH
authors: Song
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: C100745:Aif1 protein, rat; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A