title: Development of a calibration methodology for large-volume, solid ⁶⁸Ge phantoms for traceable measurements in positron emission tomography.
abstract: We have developed a methodology to calibrate the (68)Ge activity concentration in large (9L) cylindrical epoxy phantoms in a way that is traceable to national standards. The method was tested on two prototype cylindrical phantoms that are being used in a clinical trial and gave (68)Ge activity concentration values with combined standard uncertainties of about 1.1%. Imaging data from the phantoms using a calibrated PET-CT scanner gave values consistent with the calibrated activity concentrations within experimental uncertainties.
authors: Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8462, USA. Electronic address: brian.zimmerman@nist.gov.
authors: B E
authors: BE
authors: Zimmerman
authors: Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8462, USA.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Pibida
authors: Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8462, USA.
authors: L E
authors: LE
authors: King
authors: Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8462, USA.
authors: D E
authors: DE
authors: Bergeron
authors: Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8462, USA.
authors: J T
authors: JT
authors: Cessna
authors: Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8462, USA; Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics Program, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
authors: M M
authors: MM
authors: Mille
keywords: Germanium-68; PET; Positron emission tomography; Standards; Traceability