title: Low adiponectin in overweight/obese women: association with diabetes during pregnancy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Overweight/obese (OW/OB) women are at high risk to develop gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in pregnancy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate, in pregnant OW/OB women, the longitudinal changes of adiponectin plasma levels, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and to identify if there is any association between adipokines and subsequent development of GDM.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two OW/OB normotensive normoglycaemic women at the beginning of pregnancy were studied. Adiponectin, insulin sensitivity (homeostasis model assessment, HOMA) and lipid panel were measured at 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy. The bioelectrical impedance to estimate the subject's body composition was also performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixteen OW/OB women developed GDM. There were no significant differences with regard to age, BMI and body composition. Glycaemic and insulinaemic plasma levels, HOMA and lipid panel were comparable in the two groups. Systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure at the 1st trimester were higher in OW/OB women with GDM (p < 0.05). GDM group showed adiponectin levels significantly lower than control group, at each trimester (p < 0.05). Adiponectin, fat mass, diastolic blood pressure and HOMA are independent predictors of GDM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OW/OB women who will develop GDM show lower adiponectin than euglycaemic group, across all pregnancy. Furthermore, at first trimester, they showed higher body fat and blood pressure levels than NGT group. Adiponectin, body fat, DBP and HOMA are independent predictors of GDM in OW/OB pregnant women. These results suggest the possibility of using adiponectin as early marker of GDM risk, at least in this cohort of women.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy. francesca.ianniello@yahoo.it.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Ianniello
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Quagliozzi
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Caruso
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Paradisi
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001794:Blood Pressure; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D016014:Linear Models; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D050177:Overweight / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011264:Pregnancy Trimesters / Q000097:blood; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers