title: Changes in blood pressure and lipid levels in young women consuming a vitamin D-fortified skimmed milk: a randomised controlled trial.
abstract: Vitamin D exerts a variety of extra-skeletal functions.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  to know the effects of the consumption of a vitamin D-fortified skimmed milk on glucose, lipid profile, and blood pressure in young women.
  
  
  METHODS
  a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind parallel-group trial of 16 weeks duration was conducted in young women with low iron stores who consumed a skimmed milk fortified with iron and 200 IU/day (5 μg) of vitamin D (D-fortified group, n = 55), or a placebo without vitamin D (D-placebo group, n = 54). A reference group (n = 56) of iron-sufficient women was also recruited.
  
  
  RESULTS
  baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was inversely correlated with total-cholesterol (r = -0.176, p = 0.023) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-chol) (r = -0.176, p = 0.024). During the assay, LDL-cholesterol increased in the D-placebo group (p = 0.005) while it tended to decrease in the D-fortified group (p = 0.07). Neither group displayed changes in total-cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-chol), triglycerides or glucose levels. Systolic (p = 0.017) and diastolic (p = 0.010) blood pressure decreased during the assay in the D-fortified group without significant differences compared to the D-placebo.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  consumption of a dairy product fortified with vitamin D reduces systolic and diastolic blood pressure but does not change lipid levels in young women.
authors: Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/José Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain. mpvaquero@ictan.csic.es.
authors: Laura
authors: L
authors: Toxqui
authors: Ruth
authors: R
authors: Blanco-Rojo
authors: Ione
authors: I
authors: Wright
authors: Ana M
authors: AM
authors: Pérez-Granados
authors: M Pilar
authors: MP
authors: Vaquero
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000886:Anthropometry; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005527:Food, Fortified; D006801:Humans; D019266:Iron, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D019266:Iron, Dietary; D014280:Triglycerides; D014807:Vitamin D