title: [Comparison of the level of depression and anxiety in inactive hepatitis B carriers and chronic hepatitis B patients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the relative contribution of chronic illness and the physical effects such illness on the mental status of chronic hepatitis B patients by comparing them to inactive hepatitis B carriers, based on Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) scores.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 444 participants: 249 HBsAg-positive inactive carriers (IC group) and 195 chronic hepatitis B patients (CH group) that were undergoing follow-up at Adiyaman University Research and Education Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases Department. HBV carrier status and chronic hepatitis B were diagnosed based on European Association for the Study of Liver (EASL) guidelines. The HDRS and HARS were administered to all the participants via psychiatric interview.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall mean HDRS score was 6.2 ± 8 and the overall mean HARS score was 6.0 ± 7.1. Mean HDRS score in the IC group was 7.5 ± 5.8, versus 8.8 ± 6.6 in the CH group; the difference was significant (P = 0.037). Mean HARS score were similar in both groups (P > 0.05). There wasn't a difference in anxiety or depression scores based on participants'gender or age (P > 0.05). Additionally, there wasn't a correlation between duration of illness, and family history of hepatitis or cirrhosis, or anxiety or depression scores (P > 0.05). Anxiety scores were higher among the participants with comorbidity, in both CHB and IC groups (P= 0.005 and P = 0.001, respectively). Depression scores were higher among the IC group participants with comorbidity (P= 0.003). that can occur during the treatment and follow-up of chronic hepatitis patients. The presence of comorbidity in chronic hepatitis patients increases the risk of psychiatric complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Psychiatric comorbidity, particularly anxiety and depression, are important problems.
authors: Nazlım
authors: N
authors: Aktuğ Demir
authors: Mustafa
authors: M
authors: Çelik
authors: Servet
authors: S
authors: Kölgelier
authors: Sua
authors: S
authors: Sümer
authors: Selçuk
authors: S
authors: Aksöz
authors: Lütfi Saltuk
authors: LS
authors: Demir
authors: Ahmet Çağkan
authors: AÇ
authors: İnkaya
mesh_terms: D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D002353:Carrier State / Q000523:psychology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications*; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000097:blood; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens