title: Amendment application in a multi-contaminated mine soil: effects on soil enzymatic activities and ecotoxicological characteristics.
abstract: Several amendments were tested on soils obtained from an arsenopyrite mine, further planted with Arrhenatherum elatius and Festuca curvifolia, in order to assess their ability to improve soil's ecotoxicological characteristics. The properties used to assess the effects were: soil enzymatic activities (dehydrogenase, β-glucosidase, acid phosphatase, urease, protease and cellulase), terrestrial bioassays (Eisenia fetida mortality and avoidance behaviour), and aquatic bioassays using a soil leachate (Daphnia magna immobilisation and Vibrio fischeri bioluminescence inhibition). The treatment with FeSO4 1 % w/w was able to reduce extractable As in soil, but increased the extractable Cu, Mn and Zn concentrations, as a consequence of the decrease in soil pH, in relation to the unamended soil, from 5.0 to 3.4, respectively. As a consequence, this treatment had a detrimental effect in some of the soil enzymatic activities (e.g. dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, urease and cellulase), did not allow plant growth, induced E. fetida mortality in the highest concentration tested (100 % w/w), and its soil leachate was very toxic towards D. magna and V. fischeri. The combined application of FeSO4 1 % w/w with other treatments (e.g. CaCO3 1 % w/w and paper mill 1 % w/w) allowed a decrease in extractable As and metals, and a soil pH value closer to neutrality. As a consequence, dehydrogenase activity, plant growth and some of the bioassays identified those as better soil treatments to this type of multi-contaminated soil.
authors: Departamento de Química Agrícola, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Carretera de Colmenar Viejo km. 15, 28049, Madrid, Spain, rebeca.manzano@uam.es.
authors: Rebeca
authors: R
authors: Manzano
authors: Elvira
authors: E
authors: Esteban
authors: Jesús M
authors: JM
authors: Peñalosa
authors: Paula
authors: P
authors: Alvarenga
mesh_terms: D048908:Aliivibrio fischeri / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D001152:Arsenicals; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D003621:Daphnia / Q000187:drug effects; D054750:Ecotoxicology; D031751:Festuca / Q000502:physiology; D058085:Iron Compounds; D008670:Metals / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D008903:Minerals; D008906:Mining; D009835:Oligochaeta / Q000187:drug effects; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D013440:Sulfides
chemical_list: D001152:Arsenicals; D058085:Iron Compounds; D008670:Metals; D008903:Minerals; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D013440:Sulfides; C064510:arsenopyrite