title: An analysis of risk factors of Clostridiumdifficile infection in patients hospitalized in the teaching hospital in 2008.
abstract: The last decade saw an increase in the incidence of Clostridium difficile infections.Approximately 80% of these infections occur in hospitalized patients. There are ongoing studies on the increase in the incidence of infections with this microorganism.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to assess the risk factors of C. dicfficile infections in patients hospitalized in the teaching hospital in Warsaw in 2008.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study was conducted to achieve this objective. The study group comprised 266 patients. Patients in the study group were assessed for the following factors: sex; age; place of residence; hospitalizations; the use of proton pump inhibitors (IPP), various antibiotics, probiotics; hospital stay conditions, and the patient's condition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The statistical analysis showed that out of the assessed risk factors, hospitalization within the 3 months preceding hospital admission (OR 5.02; P<0.003) and antibiotic therapy (OR 4.85; P<0.003) were associated with the highest risk of C. difficile infection. Hospital stay conditions, including a stay in a multi-bed room (OR 1.64; P=0.05) or in a room without an en suite toilet (OR 1.59; P=0.01), were also shown to play a role. The risk of a C. difficile infection was also increased in the case of "bed-ridden" patients requiring the assistance of hospital staff for their daily hygiene (OR 1.69; P=0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated that hospitalization itself, including the frequency and conditions of hospital stay, as well as receiving antibiotic therapy were significant risk factors of C. difficile infections in patients hospitalized at the SP CSK. Therefore, our analysis showed that C. difficile infections are mostly nosocomial.
authors: Zaklad Profilaktyki Zagroień Srodowiskowych i Alergologii WUM. grazynadulny@wp.pl
authors: Grazyna
authors: G
authors: Dulny
authors: Marta
authors: M
authors: Zalewska
authors: Grazyna
authors: G
authors: Mlynarczyk
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016360:Clostridioides difficile; D003015:Clostridium Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors