title: Zinc, iron and vitamins A, C and e are associated with obesity, inflammation, lipid profile and insulin resistance in Mexican school-aged children.
abstract: The objective of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the relationship between micronutrient status and obesity, lipids, insulin resistance and chronic inflammation in children. Weight, height, waist circumference and body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)) were determined in 197 school-aged children. Lipids, glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein (CRP), zinc, iron and vitamins A, C and E were analyzed in blood. Vitamin C and vitamin E:lipids were negatively associated with Body Mass Index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHR) and body and abdominal fat (p < 0.05). Vitamin A was positively associated with BMI, BMI-for-age, WHR and abdominal fat (p < 0.05). Iron and vitamin E:lipids were negatively associated with insulin (p < 0.05). Vitamins A, C and E and iron were negatively associated with CRP (p < 0.05). Interaction analysis showed that children who were overweight and obese who also had low concentrations of vitamin A had higher CRP and lower triglycerides (p < 0.1), children with low vitamin E had significantly lower glucose and triglycerides (p < 0.1) and higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL) concentrations (p < 0.05), and children with low zinc concentrations had higher insulin resistance compared with children with adequate weight (p < 0.05). In conclusion, low vitamin C concentration and vitamin E:lipids were associated with obesity. Furthermore, low concentrations of zinc, vitamins A and E in children who were overweight and obese were associated with lipids, inflammation and insulin resistance.
authors: School of Natural Sciences, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Av. De la Ciencia S/N, Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Mexico. olga.garcia@uaq.mx.
authors: Olga Patricia
authors: OP
authors: García
authors: Dolores
authors: D
authors: Ronquillo
authors: María
authors: M
authors: del Carmen Caamaño
authors: Guadalupe
authors: G
authors: Martínez
authors: Mariela
authors: M
authors: Camacho
authors: Viridiana
authors: V
authors: López
authors: Jorge L
authors: JL
authors: Rosado
mesh_terms: D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D019266:Iron, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000172:deficiency; D009043:Motor Activity; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D055105:Waist Circumference; D015032:Zinc / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D007328:Insulin; D019266:Iron, Dietary; D018977:Micronutrients; D014280:Triglycerides; D014807:Vitamin D; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D015032:Zinc; D001205:Ascorbic Acid