title: Detection of enterovirus 68 as one of the commonest types of enterovirus found in patients with acute respiratory tract infection in China.
abstract: Human enterovirus 68 (HEV-68) is an enterovirus associated with respiratory illness. In China, no information about HEV-68 is available for children yet. This study aimed to investigate the presence of HEV-68 in mainland China between 2009 and 2012 and to explore the migration events of HEV-68 across the world. Among 1565 samples tested from children, 41 (2.6%) were positive for HEV and 223 (14.3%) for human rhinovirus (HRV). Seven (17.1%) of 41 HEVs were HEV-68. Two HEV-68- and five HRV-positive samples were detected in 585 adult samples. HEV-68 is the predominant type of enterovirus in children with acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI), followed by HEV-71 and coxsackievirus A6. Three HEV-68-infected children presented with severe pneumonia and one presented with a severe asthma attack. The viruses were attributed to two novel distinct sublineages of HEV-68 based on phylogenetic analysis of partial VP1 gene sequences. Migration events analysis showed that the USA and the Netherlands were possible geographical sources of HEV-68, from where three strains migrated to China. In conclusion, HEV-68 may play a predominant role among the enteroviruses associated with ARTI in children. Additional surveillance is needed to clarify the reason why HEV-68 causes such a wide spectrum of disease, from asymptomatic to severe respiratory disease and even death.
authors: School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
authors: Qing-Bin
authors: QB
authors: Lu
authors: State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, PR China.
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Wo
authors: State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, PR China.
authors: Hong-Yu
authors: HY
authors: Wang
authors: State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, PR China.
authors: Mao-Ti
authors: MT
authors: Wei
authors: State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, PR China.
authors: Lei
authors: L
authors: Zhang
authors: State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, PR China.
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Yang
authors: Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China.
authors: En-Mei
authors: EM
authors: Liu
authors: Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China.
authors: Ting-Yu
authors: TY
authors: Li
authors: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China.
authors: Zhong-Tang
authors: ZT
authors: Zhao
authors: State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, PR China.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Liu
authors: State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, PR China.
authors: Wu-Chun
authors: WC
authors: Cao
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001483:Base Sequence; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D030016:Enterovirus D, Human / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004769:Enterovirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009305:Nasopharynx / Q000821:virology; D010802:Phylogeny; D058974:Phylogeography; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral