title: Up-regulation of adiponectin expression in antigravitational soleus muscle in response to unloading followed by reloading, and functional overloading in mice.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression level of adiponectin and its related molecules in hypertrophied and atrophied skeletal muscle in mice. The expression was also evaluated in C2C12 myoblasts and myotubes. Both mRNA and protein expression of adiponectin, mRNA expression of adiponectin receptor (AdipoR) 1 and AdipoR2, and protein expression of adaptor protein containing pleckstrin homology domain, phosphotyrosine binding domain, and leucine zipper motif 1 (APPL1) were observed in C2C12 myoblasts. The expression levels of these molecules in myotubes were higher than those in myoblasts. The expression of adiponectin-related molecules in soleus muscle was observed at mRNA (adiponectin, AdipoR1, AdipoR2) and protein (adiponectin, APPL1) levels. The protein expression levels of adiponectin and APPL1 were up-regulated by 3 weeks of functional overloading. Down-regulation of AdipoR1 mRNA, but not AdipoR2 mRNA, was observed in atrophied soleus muscle. The expression of adiponectin protein, AdipoR1 mRNA, and APPL1 protein was up-regulated during regrowth of unloading-associated atrophied soleus muscle. Mechanical loading, which could increase skeletal muscle mass, might be a useful stimulus for the up-regulations of adiponectin and its related molecules in skeletal muscle.
authors: Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Toyohashi SOZO University, Aichi, Japan.
authors: Ayumi
authors: A
authors: Goto
authors: Yoshitaka
authors: Y
authors: Ohno
authors: Akihiro
authors: A
authors: Ikuta
authors: Miho
authors: M
authors: Suzuki
authors: Tomotaka
authors: T
authors: Ohira
authors: Tatsuro
authors: T
authors: Egawa
authors: Takao
authors: T
authors: Sugiura
authors: Toshitada
authors: T
authors: Yoshioka
authors: Yoshinobu
authors: Y
authors: Ohira
authors: Katsumasa
authors: K
authors: Goto
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000378:metabolism; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006112:Gravitation; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D032446:Myoblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D009929:Organ Size; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D054419:Receptors, Adiponectin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation; D016474:Weight-Bearing
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D052242:Adiponectin; C510733:Appl1 protein, mouse; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D054419:Receptors, Adiponectin