title: Validity, reliability and responsiveness of the French language translation of the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The WOSI (Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index) is a self-administered quality of life questionnaire designed to be used as a primary outcome measure in clinical trials on shoulder instability, as well as to measure the effect of an intervention on any particular patient. It is validated and is reliable and sensitive. As it is designed to measure subjective outcome, it is important that translation should be methodologically rigorous, as it is subject to both linguistic and cultural interpretation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To produce a French language version of the WOSI that is culturally adapted to both European and North American French-speaking populations.
  
  
  METHODS
  A validated protocol was used to create a French language WOSI questionnaire (WOSI-Fr) that would be culturally acceptable for both European and North American French-speaking populations. Reliability and responsiveness analyses were carried out, and the WOSI-Fr was compared to the F-QuickDASH-D/S (Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand-French translation), and Walch-Duplay scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A French language version of the WOSI (WOSI-Fr) was accepted by a multinational committee. The WOSI-Fr was then validated using a total of 144 native French-speaking subjects from Canada and Switzerland. Comparison of results on two WOSI-Fr questionnaires completed at a mean interval of 16 days showed that the WOSI-Fr had strong reliability, with a Pearson and interclass correlation of r=0.85 (P=0.01) and ICC=0.84 [95% CI=0.78-0.88]. Responsiveness, at a mean 378.9 days after surgical intervention, showed strong correlation with that of the F-QuickDASH-D/S, with r=0.67 (P<0.01). Moreover, a standardized response means analysis to calculate effect size for both the WOSI-Fr and the F-QuickDASH-D/S showed that the WOSI-Fr had a significantly greater ability to detect change (SRM 1.55 versus 0.87 for the WOSI-Fr and F-QuickDASH-D/S respectively, P<0.01). The WOSI-Fr showed fair correlation with the Walch-Duplay.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A French-language translation of the WOSI questionnaire was created and validated for use in both Canadian and Swiss French-speaking populations. This questionnaire will facilitate outcome assessment in French-speaking settings, collaboration in multinational studies and comparison between studies performed in different countries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multicenter cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  II.
authors: Hôpital de Sacré Coeur de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Gaudelli
authors: Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Balg
authors: Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Godbout
authors: Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire de Québec, Pavillon Enfant-Jésus, Québec, Canada.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Pelet
authors: Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Djahangiri
authors: University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Griffin
authors: Hôpital de Sacré Coeur de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada. Electronic address: dominique.rouleau@umontreal.ca.
authors: D M
authors: DM
authors: Rouleau
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009864:Ontario; D063868:Patient Outcome Assessment; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012785:Shoulder Joint; D014177:Translations; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Functional outcome measures; Outcome measure validation; Shoulder instability; Translation and cultural adaptation; WOSI