title: Solely abluminal drug release from coronary stents could possibly improve reendothelialization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare a new stent with an asymmetric coating, eluting the drug to the abluminal surface, to a stent with a conventional coating eluting the drug both to the luminal and the abluminal side.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Stents with asymmetric coating, eluting the drug to the vessel wall (BPSES-A), could potentially give faster reendothelialization after percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) and decrease in in-stent thrombosis and late restenosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  BPSES-A, conventional coated stents (BPSES-C), biodegradable polymer stents without drug (BPS, for control), and bare metal stents (BMS, for control) were implanted into the coronary arteries of 38 pigs (75 stents). Pigs were sacrificed after 4, 12, and 24 weeks. Quantitative coronary angiography was used to compare in-stent late lumen loss (LLL) and electron microscopy was used to reveal levels of reendothelialization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The stents were all successfully implanted. LLL of BPSES-A, BPSES-C, BMS, and BPS were 0.56 ± 0.51, 0.60 ± 0.58, 0.89 ± 0.43, and 1.68 ± 0.30 mm, respectively, after 4 weeks. LLL of BPSES-A and BPSES-C were 0.63 ± 0.53 and 0.69 ± 0.24 mm, respectively, after 12 weeks. LLL of BPSES-A, BPSES-C, and BMS were 0.42 ± 0.15 m, 0.56 ± 0.28 mm, and 0.99 ± 0.13 mm, respectively, after 24 weeks. The scaling of reendothelialization was as follows: after 4 weeks BMS > = BPS > BPSES-A > BPSES-C, after 12 weeks BPSES-A > BPSES-C, and after 24 weeks BMS > BPSES-A > BPSES-C. Reendothelialization was better in BPSES-A than BPSES-C (P < 0.05). There was no correlation between LLL and reendothelialization (P = 0.42).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Asymmetric coating of coronary stents might be helpful to improve reendothelialization. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors: Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg Ø, Denmark.|Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Haijun
authors: H
authors: Zhang
authors: Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Deng
authors: Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Xiangfei
authors: X
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg Ø, Denmark.|Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors: Shenguo
authors: S
authors: Wang
authors: Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Junbo
authors: J
authors: Ge
authors: Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg Ø, Denmark. egon.toft@qu.edu.qa.|Biomedical Research Center, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Shareh Jamiaa, Postbox 2716, Doha, Qatar. egon.toft@qu.edu.qa.
authors: Egon
authors: E
authors: Toft
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D019344:Lactic Acid; D023421:Models, Animal; D058426:Neointima; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D062326:Re-Epithelialization / Q000187:drug effects*; D013552:Swine; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid
keywords: abluminal drug elution; animal experiment; biodegradable polymer; coronary arteries; drug eluting stent; sirolimus