title: The relationship between local liquid density and force applied on a tip of atomic force microscope: a theoretical analysis for simple liquids.
abstract: The density of a liquid is not uniform when placed on a solid. The structured liquid pushes or pulls a probe employed in atomic force microscopy, as demonstrated in a number of experimental studies. In the present study, the relation between the force on a probe and the local density of a liquid is derived based on the statistical mechanics of simple liquids. When the probe is identical to a solvent molecule, the strength of the force is shown to be proportional to the vertical gradient of ln(ρDS) with the local liquid's density on a solid surface being ρDS. The intrinsic liquid's density on a solid is numerically calculated and compared with the density reconstructed from the force on a probe that is identical or not identical to the solvent molecule.
authors: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8558, Japan.
authors: Ken-ichi
authors: K
authors: Amano
authors: Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
authors: Kazuhiro
authors: K
authors: Suzuki
authors: Bio-AFM Frontier Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
authors: Takeshi
authors: T
authors: Fukuma
authors: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8558, Japan.
authors: Ohgi
authors: O
authors: Takahashi
authors: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Onishi
mesh_terms: D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008968:Molecular Conformation