title: Aerobic granulation of aggregating consortium X9 isolated from aerobic granules and role of cyclic di-GMP.
abstract: This study monitored the granulation process of an aggregating functional consortium X9 that was consisted of Pseudomonas putida X-1, Acinetobacter sp. X-2, Alcaligenes sp. X-3 and Comamonas testosteroni X-4 in shaken reactors. The growth curve of X9 was fit using logistic model as follows y=1.49/(1+21.3*exp(-0.33x)), the maximum specific cell growth rate for X9 was 0.33 h(-1). Initially X9 consumed polysaccharides (PS) and secreted proteins (PN) to trigger granulation. Then X9 grew in biomass and formed numerous micro-granules, driven by increasing hydrophobicity of cell membranes and of accumulated extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). In later stage the intracellular cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) was at high levels for inhibiting bacteria swarming motility, thereby promotion formation of large aerobic granules. The findings reported herein advise the way to accelerate granule formation and to stabilize operation in aerobic granular reactors.
authors: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors: Chunli
authors: C
authors: Wan
authors: State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China.
authors: Xue
authors: X
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan. Electronic address: djleetw@yahoo.com.tw.
authors: Duu-Jong
authors: DJ
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
authors: Xin-Yue
authors: XY
authors: Wang
authors: China Northeast Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
authors: Qiaoli
authors: Q
authors: Yang
authors: State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China.
authors: Xiangliang
authors: X
authors: Pan
mesh_terms: D000332:Aerobiosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001419:Bacteria / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D001704:Biopolymers / Q000032:analysis; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005427:Flocculation / Q000187:drug effects; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D059013:Microbial Consortia / Q000187:drug effects*; D009068:Movement; D010802:Phylogeny; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D012722:Sewage / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001704:Biopolymers; D011134:Polysaccharides; D012722:Sewage; C062025:bis(3',5')-cyclic diguanylic acid; D006152:Cyclic GMP
keywords: Aerobic granules; Cyclic di-GMP; Micro-aggregate; Self-granulation; Swarming motility