title: Long non-coding RNAs and chromatin modifiers: their place in the epigenetic code.
abstract: The emergence of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has shaken up our conception of gene expression regulation, as lncRNAs take prominent positions as components of cellular networks. Several cellular processes involve lncRNAs, and a significant number of them have been shown to function in cooperation with chromatin modifying enzymes to promote epigenetic activation or silencing of gene expression. Different model mechanisms have been proposed to explain how lncRNAs achieve regulation of gene expression by interacting with the epigenetic machinery. Here we describe these models in light of the current knowledge of lncRNAs, such as Xist and HOTAIR, and discuss recent literature on the role of the three-dimensional structure of the genome in the mechanism of action of lncRNAs and chromatin modifiers.
authors: Center for Applied Medical Research; University of Navarra; Pamplona, Spain.
authors: Francesco P
authors: FP
authors: Marchese
authors: Center for Applied Medical Research; University of Navarra; Pamplona, Spain.
authors: Maite
authors: M
authors: Huarte
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism*; D015280:DNA Restriction-Modification Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D024642:Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated / Q000378:metabolism; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014960:X Chromosome / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D015280:DNA Restriction-Modification Enzymes; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C561566:HOTAIR long untranslated RNA, human; C485621:KCNQ1OT1 long non-coding RNA, human; D024642:Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; C077885:XIST non-coding RNA
keywords: chromatin; epigenetics; gene expression; histone modification; long noncoding RNA