title: Formulation of nanoemulsion: a comparison between phase inversion composition method and high-pressure homogenization method.
abstract: There is lot of confusion in the literatures regarding the method of production of nanoemulsion. According to some authors, only the methods using high energy like high-pressure microfluidizer or high-frequency ultra-sonic devices can produce actual nanoemulsions. In contrast to this concept, one research group reported for the first time the preparation of nanoemulsion by a low-energy method. Later on many authors reported about the low-energy emulsification method. The purpose of this work is to formulate, evaluate and compare nanoemulsions prepared using high-energy as well as low-energy method. Nanoemulsions formulated were based on the phase inversion composition technique (low energy method) and were selected from the ternary phase diagram based on the criterion of their being a minimum concentration of S(mix) used in the formulation. For high-pressure homogenization method (high energy method) Design-Expert software was used, and the desirability function was probed to acquire an optimized formulation. No significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed in the globule size of formulations made by each method, but the value of poly-dispersibility index between the two methods was found to be extremely significant (p < 0.001). A very significant difference (p < 0.001) was observed in the drug release from formulations made by each method. More than 60% of the drug was released from all the formulations in the initial 2 h of the dissolution study.
authors: Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi , India and.
authors: Sabna
authors: S
authors: Kotta
authors: Abdul Wadood
authors: AW
authors: Khan
authors: S H
authors: SH
authors: Ansari
authors: R K
authors: RK
authors: Sharma
authors: Javed
authors: J
authors: Ali
mesh_terms: D000480:Alkynes; D048588:Benzoxazines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods*; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000379:methods; D065546:Drug Liberation; D004655:Emulsions; D053758:Nanoparticles; D010316:Particle Size; D044367:Phase Transition; D011312:Pressure; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D000480:Alkynes; D048588:Benzoxazines; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D004655:Emulsions; C098320:efavirenz
keywords: Condensation method; high-energy emulsification; low-energy method; nanoemulsion; phase inversion composition