title: A Novel Method Linking Antigen Presentation by Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages to CD8(+) T Cell Polyfunctionality.
abstract: To understand the interactions between innate and adaptive immunity, and specifically how virally infected macrophages impact T cell function, novel assays examining the ability of macrophages to present antigen to CD8(+) T cells are needed. In the present study, we have developed a robust in vitro assay to measure how antigen presentation by human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) affects the functional capacity of autologous CD8(+) T cells. The assay is based on the polyfunctional characteristics of antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells, and is thus called a Mac-CD8 Polyfunctionality Assay. Following purification of monocytes and their maturation to MDMs, MDMs were pulsed with an antigenic peptide to be presented to CD8(+) T cells. Peptide-pulsed MDMs were then incubated with antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells in order to assess the efficacy of antigen presentation to T cells. CD8(+) T cell polyfunctionality was assessed by staining with mAbs to IFN-γ, TNF-α, and CD107a in a multi-color intracellular cytokine staining assay. To highlight the utility of the Mac-CD8 Polyfunctionality Assay, we assessed the effects of influenza infection on the ability of human macrophages to present antigen to CD8(+) T cells. We found that influenza infection of human MDMs can alter the effector efficacy of MDMs to activate more CD8(+) T cells with cytotoxic capacity. This has important implications for understanding how the virus-infected macrophages affect adaptive immunity at the site of infection.
authors: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, VIC , Australia.
authors: Kirsty R
authors: KR
authors: Short
authors: Emma J
authors: EJ
authors: Grant
authors: Marloes
authors: M
authors: Vissers
authors: Patrick C
authors: PC
authors: Reading
authors: Dimitri A
authors: DA
authors: Diavatopoulos
authors: Katherine
authors: K
authors: Kedzierska
keywords: CD8+ T cells; antigen presentation; influenza virus; macrophages; polyfunctionality