title: Adoptive transfusion of tolerant dendritic cells prolong the survival of renal allografts: a systematic review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to systematically review the effects of transfusing Tol-DCs induced by different methods on renal transplantation and survival time.
  
  
  METHODS
  PubMed and EMbase were searched for relevant articles from inception to July 20(th), 2013. Renal allograft survival time was regarded as the endpoint outcome. The effects of Tol-DCs on renal transplantation were evaluated semi-quantitatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixteen articles were included. There were three sources of Tol-DCs, including bone marrow, spleen, and thoracic duct lymph node. Rats were administrated cells intravenously and 83% of mice through the portal vein. Four subtypes of bone marrow Tol-DCs enhanced renal allograft time: immature DCs enhanced allograft survival 4.9-fold in rats and 2.0-fold in mice, gene modified DCs enhanced allograft survival 4.4-fold in rats and 2.2-fold in mice, and drug and cytokine induced enhanced allograft survival 2.9-fold and 2.7-fold, respectively, in rats. Tol-DCs from the spleen and thoracic duct lymph nodes prolonged allograft survival 2.7-fold and 1.8-fold, respectively, in rats. 1-2 × 10(6) doses of Tol-DCs extended the survival time of rats following renal transplantation. The key mechanisms by which Tol-DCs enhance allograft and overall survival included: (i) inducing T-cell hyporeactivity; (ii) reducing the effects of cytotoxic lymphocytes; and (iii) inducing Th2 differentiation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bone marrow Tol-DCs can extend allograft survival and induce immune tolerance in fully MHC-mismatched renal transplantation in rats and mice. The effects of imDCs and gene modified Tol-DCs in mice are less marked. In conclusion, a single-injection of 1-2 × 10(6) doses of bone marrow Tol-DCs (i.v.), in combination with an immune-suppressor, a co-stimulator, and accessory cells can significantly extend renal allograft survival.
authors: Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology of the National Health and family Planning Committee of China, Regenerative Medical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors: Meng Juan
authors: MJ
authors: Xia
authors: Juan
authors: J
authors: Shan
authors: You Ping
authors: YP
authors: Li
authors: Yan Ni
authors: YN
authors: Zhou
authors: Ying Jia
authors: YJ
authors: Guo
authors: Gui Xiang
authors: GX
authors: Sun
authors: Wen Qiao
authors: WQ
authors: Wu
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Feng
mesh_terms: D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D064591:Allografts; D000818:Animals; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D051379:Mice; D051381:Rats
keywords: Adoptive transfusion; renal allograft; systematic review; tolerogenic DC