title: Mini-implants and the efficiency of Herbst treatment: a preliminary study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study is to present the use of a modified Herbst appliance in association with temporary anchorage devices (TADs) in order to enhance the correction of skeletal class II malocclusions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten consecutive adolescents scheduled for Herbst treatment were assigned to two treatment groups. Five cases were treated with a modified miniscrew-supported Herbst appliance (experimental group (EG)) and five cases with a conventional cast Herbst appliance (control group (CG)). In all cases, the Herbst was kept in place for 9 months and was followed by fixed appliances until class I relationships were achieved. The initial (T1) and final (T2) lower incisor inclination on lateral headfilms were analyzed for each case, and the mean increase for the five EG patients and the five CG patients were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean increase in lower incisor inclination at the end of treatment was 1° (range 0° to 2°) for the EG and 7° (range 4° to 10°) for the CG.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The rational association of TADs with the Herbst appliance can optimize treatment efficiency and skeletal response by reducing the occurrence of excessive lower incisor proclination.
authors: Via Savoia 35/a, Rome 00198, Italy. cesare.luzi@gmail.com.
authors: Cesare
authors: C
authors: Luzi
authors: Valeriano
authors: V
authors: Luzi
authors: Birte
authors: B
authors: Melsen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D015921:Dental Implants; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000628:therapy*; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology; D008904:Miniaturization; D009295:Nasal Bone / Q000473:pathology; D052280:Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D017289:Orthodontic Appliances, Functional; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants