title: Clinical experiences of incidental prostate cancer after transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) according to initial treatment: a study of a Korean high volume center.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  These are the clinical experiences of Korean incidental prostate cancer patients detected by transurethral resection of the prostate according to initial treatment: active surveillance (AS), radical prostatectomy (RP) and hormone therapy (HT).
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the records of 156 incidental prostate cancer patients between 2001 and 2012. The clinicopathologic outcomes were reviewed and follow-up results were obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 156 patients, 97 (62.2%) had T1a and 59 (37.8%) had T1b. Forty-six (29.5%) received AS, 67 (42.9%) underwent RP, 34 (21.8%) received HT, 4 (2.6%) received radiotherapy, and 5 (3.2%) chose watchful waiting. Of 46 patients on AS, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression occurred in 12 (26.1%) patients. Among them, 3 patients refused treatment despite PSA progression. Five patients, who underwent RP as an intervention, all had organ-confined Gleason score ≤6 disease. In 67 patients who underwent RP, 50 (74.6%) patients had insignificant prostate cancer and 8 (11.9%) patients showed unfavorable features. During follow-up, biochemical recurrence occurred in 2 patients. Among 34 patients who received HT, 3 (8.8%) patients had PSA progression. Among 156 patients, 6 patients died due to other causes during follow-up. There were no patients who died due to prostate cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The clinical outcomes of incidental prostate cancer were satisfactory regardless of the initial treatment. However, according to recent researches and guidelines, immediate definite therapy should be avoided without a careful assessment. We also believe that improved clinical staging is needed for these patients.
authors: Department of Urology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Korea. JKIM@yuhs.ac.
authors: Dong Hoon
authors: DH
authors: Lee
authors: Doo Yong
authors: DY
authors: Chung
authors: Kwang-suk
authors: KS
authors: Lee
authors: In Kyong
authors: IK
authors: Kim
authors: Koon Ho
authors: KH
authors: Rha
authors: Young Deuk
authors: YD
authors: Choi
authors: Byung Ha
authors: BH
authors: Chung
authors: Sung Joon
authors: SJ
authors: Hong
authors: Jang Hwan
authors: JH
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D007723:Korea; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020728:Transurethral Resection of Prostate / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Incidental prostate cancer; active surveillance; radical prostatectomy