title: Thrombin-induced cerebral hemorrhage: role of protease-activated receptor-1.
abstract: Thrombin causes blood-brain barrier disruption, and this study examined whether thrombin can cause brain hemorrhage through protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1). Male wild type and PAR-1 knockout mice had an intracerebral injection of thrombin or saline. Mice then underwent serial T2 magnetic resonance imaging and were euthanized for brain hemoglobin, iron, and interleukin-1β measurements. Thrombin caused massive T2 lesions and brain hemorrhage in wild type mice. These effects were markedly reduced in PAR-1 knockout mice. Thrombin also increased brain interleukin-1β, and this was absent in PAR-1 knockout mice. In conclusion, thrombin increases interleukin-1β levels and induces intracerebral hemorrhage through PAR-1 activation.
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA.
authors: Yingying
authors: Y
authors: Cheng
authors: Guohua
authors: G
authors: Xi
authors: Hang
authors: H
authors: Jin
authors: Richard F
authors: RF
authors: Keep
authors: Jiachun
authors: J
authors: Feng
authors: Ya
authors: Y
authors: Hua
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000378:metabolism; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000633:toxicity*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D044463:Receptor, PAR-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D013917:Thrombin / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D006490:Hemostatics; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D044463:Receptor, PAR-1; D013917:Thrombin