title: Concentrations of heavy metals (Mn, Co, Ni, Cr, Ag, Pb) in coffee.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Technologies involved in roasting coffee beans, as well as the methods used to prepare infusions, vary according to culture, and contribute to differences in the concentration of elements in the drink.
  
  
  METHODS
  Concentrations of six elements: manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), chrome (Cr), silver (Ag) and lead (Pb) were investigated in coffee infusions from eleven samples of coffee, roasted and purchased in four countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Lebanon and Poland. Metal concentrations were determined using an induction coupled plasma technique in combination with mass spectrometry (ICP-MS, Perkin Elmer) which measures total metal (ionic and non-ionic) content.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Metal intake estimated for individual countries (in the respective order; mean consumption per person per year) was as follows: Mn: 26.8-33.1, 28.3-29.5, 29.7, 12.6-18.9 mg; Co: 0.33-0.48, 0.42-0.35, 0.32, 0.12-0.17 mg; Ni: 3.83-5.68, 4.85-5.51, 4.04, 2.06-2.24 mg; Cr: 0.17-0.41, 0.21-0.47, 0.17, 0.09-0.28 mg; Ag: 0.16-1.13, 0.26-0.70, 0.61, 0.33-1.54 mg, Pb: 4.76-7.56, 3.59-5.13, 3.33, 1.48-2.43 mg.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This finding gives new data for Mn, Co, Ni, Cr, and Ag intake from coffee , and suggests that the amounts are negligible. However, the data for Pb consumption in heavy drinkers, for example in Bosnia and Herzegovina, indicate that Pb intake from coffee may contribute to the disease burden. The high lead level in some coffees suggests the need for a more precise control of coffee contamination.
authors: Department of Aquatic Sozology, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.
authors: Arkadiusz
authors: A
authors: Nędzarek
authors: Department of Aquatic Sozology, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.
authors: Agnieszka
authors: A
authors: Tórz
authors: Public Health Department, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
authors: Beata
authors: B
authors: Karakiewicz
authors: Department of Clinical and Molecular Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
authors: Jeremy Simon
authors: JS
authors: Clark
authors: Laboratory of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Laszczyńska
authors: Department of Gerontobiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
authors: Agnieszka
authors: A
authors: Kaleta
authors: Department of Gerontobiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
authors: Grażyna
authors: G
authors: Adler
mesh_terms: D002857:Chromium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003035:Cobalt / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003069:Coffee / Q000737:chemistry*; D005504:Food Analysis; D006801:Humans; D007854:Lead / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008345:Manganese / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011044:Poland; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D003069:Coffee; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D002857:Chromium; D007854:Lead; D003035:Cobalt; D012834:Silver; D008345:Manganese; D009532:Nickel