title: Designer psychostimulants in urine by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
abstract: Designer psychostimulants are known by recreational drug users to produce a complex array of adrenergic and hallucinogenic effects. Many of these drugs are not targeted during routine toxicology testing and as a consequence, they are rarely reported. The purpose of this study was to develop a procedure for the detection of 15 psychostimulants in urine using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), specifically 2,5-dimethoxy-4-bromophenethylamine (2C-B), 2,5-dimethoxy-4-chlorophenethylamine (2C-C), 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenethylamine (2C-D), 2,5-dimethoxy-4-ethylphenethylamine (2C-E), 2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-H), 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenethylamine (2C-I), 2,5-dimethoxy-4-ethylthiophenethylamine (2C-T-2), 2,5-dimethoxy-4-isopropylthiophenethylamine (2C-T-4), 2,5-dimethoxy-4-propylthiophenethylamine (2C-T-7), 2,5-dimethoxy-4-bromoamphetamine (DOB), 2,5-dimethoxy-4-chloroamphetamine (DOC), 2,5-dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine (DOET), 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI), 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine (DOM), and 4-methylthioamphetamine (4-MTA). Analytical recoveries using solid-phase extraction were 64-92% and the limit of detection was 0.5 ng/mL for all drugs except 2C-B (1 ng/mL). The assay was evaluated in terms of analytical recovery, precision, accuracy, linearity, matrix effect, and interferences. The technique allows for the simultaneous detection of 15 psychostimulants at sub-ng/mL concentrations.
authors: Department of Forensic Science, College of Criminal Justice, Sam Houston State University, Box 2525, 1003 Bowers Blvd., Huntsville, TX, 77341; Sam Houston State University Regional Crime Laboratory, The Woodlands, TX, 77381.
authors: Sarah
authors: S
authors: Kerrigan
authors: Ashley
authors: A
authors: Mott
authors: Breanna
authors: B
authors: Jatzlau
authors: Francisco
authors: F
authors: Ortiz
authors: Laura
authors: L
authors: Perrella
authors: Sarah
authors: S
authors: Martin
authors: Kelsie
authors: K
authors: Bryand
mesh_terms: D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D015198:Designer Drugs / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D053593:Forensic Toxicology / Q000379:methods; D006213:Hallucinogens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010627:Phenethylamines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000652:urine*; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D015198:Designer Drugs; D006213:Hallucinogens; D010627:Phenethylamines
keywords: amphetamines; designer drugs; forensic science; liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; toxicology; urine