title: The forensic implications of Turner's syndrome.
abstract: Turner's syndrome, the most common sex chromosome disorder of females, is caused by complete or partial loss of one X chromosome and is associated with a wide range of internal and external manifestations and increased mortality rates (three to nine times the background population). While individuals with Turner's syndrome may survive for many decades, premature and unexpected deaths can occur that bring decedents to the attention of forensic examiners. Causes of death in Turner's syndrome are often linked to underlying cardiovascular conditions such as aortic dissection, congenital cardiovascular disease, ischemic heart, and cerebrovascular disease, but deaths due to noncardiac causes also occur with increased frequency. The latter include epilepsy, diabetes mellitus, chronic renal disease, pneumonia, chronic liver disease, and malignancy. Thus, the autopsy evaluation of these cases requires careful examination of all major organ systems, with the consideration of confirmatory cytogenetic testing.
authors: School of Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Frome Rd, 21 Divett Place, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
authors: Theresa
authors: T
authors: Power
authors: Neil E I
authors: NE
authors: Langlois
authors: Roger W
authors: RW
authors: Byard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001011:Aorta / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology; D002305:Cardiac Tamponade / Q000209:etiology; D016757:Death, Sudden, Cardiac / Q000209:etiology; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D049429:Forensic Pathology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D010490:Pericardial Effusion / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D013724:Teratoma / Q000473:pathology; D014424:Turner Syndrome / Q000473:pathology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Turner's syndrome; aortic dissection; bicuspid aortic valve; forensic science; sudden death; webbing