title: [(18)F]Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography screening for lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although low-dose computed tomography (CT) is a recommended modality for lung cancer screening in high-risk populations, the role of other modalities, such as [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (PET), is unclear. We conducted a systematic review to describe the role of PET in lung cancer screening.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic review was conducted by reviewing primary studies focusing on PET screening for lung cancer until July 2012. Two independent reviewers identified studies that were compatible for inclusion/exclusion criteria. The analysis was restricted to English and included studies published since 2000. A descriptive analysis was used to summarize the results, and the pooled diagnostic performance of selective PET screening was calculated by weighted average using individual sample sizes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the identified studies (n = 3497), 12 studies were included for analysis. None of the studies evaluated the efficacy of primary PET screening specific to lung cancer. Eight studies focused on primary PET screening for all types of cancer; the detection rates of lung cancer were low. Four studies reported evidence of lung cancer screening programs with selective PET, in which the estimated pooled sensitivity and specificity was 83% and 91%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The role of primary PET screening for lung cancer remains unknown. However, PET has high sensitivity and specificity as a selective screening modality. Further studies must be conducted to evaluate the use of PET or PET/computed tomography screening for high-risk populations, preferably using randomized trials or prospective registration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our meta-analysis indicates that PET has high sensitivity and specificity as a selective screening modality.
authors: Department of Radiation Oncology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; C.R. Chien, J.A. Liang and J.H. Chen contributed equally to this work.
authors: Chun-Ru
authors: CR
authors: Chien
authors: Department of Radiation Oncology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; C.R. Chien, J.A. Liang and J.H. Chen contributed equally to this work.
authors: Ji-An
authors: JA
authors: Liang
authors: Biostatistics Center and School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; C.R. Chien, J.A. Liang and J.H. Chen contributed equally to this work.
authors: Jin-Hua
authors: JH
authors: Chen
authors: Cancer Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors: Hsiao-Nin
authors: HN
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Community Medicine and Health Examination Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors: Cheng-Chieh
authors: CC
authors: Lin
authors: Cancer Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors: Chih-Yi
authors: CY
authors: Chen
authors: Cancer Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors: Pin-Hui
authors: PH
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors: Chia-Hung
authors: CH
authors: Kao
authors: Departments of Family Medicine and Chest Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan; Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan; Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan.
authors: Jun-Jun
authors: JJ
authors: Yeh
mesh_terms: D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18