title: New concepts in restoring shoulder elevation in a stiff and painful shoulder patient.
abstract: The treatment and evaluation of a stiff and painful shoulder, characteristic of adhesive capsulitis and "frozen" shoulders, is a dilemma for orthopedic rehabilitation specialists. A stiff and painful shoulder is all-inclusive of Adhesive capsulitis and Frozen Shoulder diagnoses. Adhesive capsulitis and frozen shoulder will be referred to as a stiff and painful shoulder, throughout this paper. Shoulder motion occurs in multiple planes of movement. Loss of shoulder mobility can result in significant functional impairment. The traditional treatment approach to restore shoulder mobility emphasizes mobilization of the shoulder overhead. Forced elevation in a stiff and painful shoulder can be painful and potentially destructive to the glenohumeral joint. This manuscript will introduce a new biomechanical approach to evaluate and treat patients with stiff and painful shoulders.
authors: Outreach Sports Programs Physiotherapy Associates, 5920 South Rainbow Blvd Suite One, Las Vegas, NV 89118, USA. Electronic address: Bobbyd1950@gmail.com.
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Donatelli
authors: Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal. Electronic address: Rodrigo.Ruivo@netcabo.pt.
authors: R M
authors: RM
authors: Ruivo
authors: Physiotherapy Associates, Las Vegas, NV, USA. Electronic address: michaelsthurner@yahoo.com.
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Thurner
authors: Department of Orthopedic & Sports Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. Electronic address: msrt78@aol.com.
authors: Mahmoud Ibrahim
authors: MI
authors: Ibrahim
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002062:Bursitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006801:Humans; D017746:Joint Capsule / Q000503:physiopathology; D052580:Muscle Stretching Exercises / Q000379:methods*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology*; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology*; D012399:Rotation; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: Joint mobilization; Manual therapy; Shoulder