title: Utility of multimaterial 3D printers in creating models with pathological entities to enhance the training experience of neurosurgeons.
abstract: The advent of multimaterial 3D printers allows the creation of neurosurgical models of a more realistic nature, mimicking real tissues. The authors used the latest generation of 3D printer to create a model, with an inbuilt pathological entity, of varying consistency and density. Using this model the authors were able to take trainees through the basic steps, from navigation and planning of skin flap to performing initial steps in a craniotomy and simple tumor excision. As the technology advances, models of this nature may be able to supplement the training of neurosurgeons in a simulated operating theater environment, thus improving the training experience.
authors: Division of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
authors: Vicknes
authors: V
authors: Waran
authors: Vairavan
authors: V
authors: Narayanan
authors: Ravindran
authors: R
authors: Karuppiah
authors: Sarah L F
authors: SL
authors: Owen
authors: Tipu
authors: T
authors: Aziz
mesh_terms: D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D003399:Craniotomy; D006801:Humans; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D009493:Neurosurgery / Q000193:education* / Q000379:methods*; D011327:Printing; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D013525:Surgical Instruments; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed