title: Comparison of extracts and toxicities of organic compounds in drinking water concentrated by single and composite XAD resins.
abstract: We compared extracts and toxicities of organic compounds (OCs) in drinking water concentrated by composite XAD-2/8 resin (mixed with an equal volume of XAD-2 and XAD-8 resins) with those extracted by single XAD-2 (non-polar) and XAD-8 (polar) resins. Drinking water was processed from raw water of the Han River and the Yangtze River in Wuhan section, China. The extraction efficiency of all resins was controlled at 30%. The types of extracted OCs were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity were assessed by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and comet assays, respectively, in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Our results showed that XAD-2/8 extracted a larger variety of OCs, compared with XAD-8 and XAD-2. The cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of extracted OCs were in the order of XAD-8> XAD-2/8> XAD-2 at almost all tested concentrations after 24 h treatment (P < 0.05). Our findings suggest that single XAD resin selectively extracts either polar or non-polar OCs, which would lead to over- or under-estimation of the toxicity of drinking water. Nevertheless, composite resin extracts both polar and non-polar OCs, and could be utilized as a useful extraction technique to evaluate the level and toxicity of OCs in drinking water.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation); Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China E-mail: greatwuzg@sohu.com.
authors: Xue
authors: X
authors: Zhou
authors: State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation); Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China E-mail: greatwuzg@sohu.com.
authors: Lunhui
authors: L
authors: Xiang
authors: State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation); Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China E-mail: greatwuzg@sohu.com.
authors: Fenghong
authors: F
authors: Wu
authors: State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation); Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China E-mail: greatwuzg@sohu.com.
authors: Xiaoling
authors: X
authors: Peng
authors: State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation); Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China E-mail: greatwuzg@sohu.com.
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Xie
authors: State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation); Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China E-mail: greatwuzg@sohu.com.
authors: Jiachun
authors: J
authors: Wang
authors: State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation); Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China E-mail: greatwuzg@sohu.com.
authors: Kedi
authors: K
authors: Yang
authors: State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation); Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China E-mail: greatwuzg@sohu.com.
authors: Wenqing
authors: W
authors: Lu
authors: State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation); Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China E-mail: greatwuzg@sohu.com.
authors: Zhigang
authors: Z
authors: Wu
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007475:Ion Exchange Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000737:chemistry*; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D060766:Drinking Water; D007475:Ion Exchange Resins; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical