title: Deficiency in clonogenic endometrial mesenchymal stem cells in obese women with reproductive failure--a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The mechanisms of obesity associated reproductive complications remain poorly understood. Endometrial mesenchymal stem-cells are critical for cyclic renewal and uterine function. Recently, W5C5(+) cells, with high clonogenicity, capable of producing endometrial stroma in vivo, have been described. We sought to investigate the abundance and cloning efficiency of W5C5(+) and W5C5(-) endometrial cells in relation to Body Mass Index, age and reproductive outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  W5C5(+) and W5C5(-) cells were purified from mid-luteal endometrial biopsies (n = 54) by magnetic bead separation and subjected to in vitro colony-forming assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  First trimester pregnancy losses were significantly higher in obese subjects (n = 12) compared to overweight (n = 20) and subjects with normal Body Mass Index (n = 22) (P<0.05, P<0.01, respectively). W5C5(+) cells (%) were significantly lower in obese subjects compared to subjects with normal Body Mass Index (P<0.05). W5C5(+) cloning efficiency was significantly lower in obese subjects compared to overweight and subjects with normal Body Mass Index (P<0.05, respectively). W5C5(-) cloning efficiency was significantly lower in obese subjects compared to subjects with normal Body Mass Index (P<0.05). Body Mass Index was significantly negatively correlated with W5C5(+) cloning efficiency and W5C5(-) cloning efficiency (P<0.01, respectively), and positively correlated with first trimester loss (P<0.01). We found no significant results with age (P>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our observations suggest that the regenerative capacity and plasticity of the endometrium of obese women is suboptimal, which in turn may account for the increased risk of reproductive complications associated with obesity.
authors: Division of Reproductive Health, Clinical Science Research Laboratories, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Keisuke
authors: K
authors: Murakami
authors: Harish
authors: H
authors: Bhandari
authors: Emma S
authors: ES
authors: Lucas
authors: Satoru
authors: S
authors: Takeda
authors: Caroline E
authors: CE
authors: Gargett
authors: Siobhan
authors: S
authors: Quenby
authors: Jan J
authors: JJ
authors: Brosens
authors: Bee K
authors: BK
authors: Tan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D020964:Embryo Loss / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004717:Endometrium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First / Q000378:metabolism