title: Plasma variations in stress markers: clinical trial of two anesthetics used in regional block in the extraction of impacted inferior third molars.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Was to evaluate the effect of different regional anesthetics (articaine with epinephrine versus prilocaine with felypressin) on stress in the extraction of impacted lower third molars in healthy subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  [corrected] A prospective single-blind, split-mouth cross-over randomized study was designed, with a control group. The experimental group consisted of 24 otherwise healthy male volunteers, with two impacted lower third molars which were surgically extracted after inferior alveolar nerve block (regional anesthesia), with a fortnight's interval: the right using 4% articaine with 1:100.000 epinephrine, and the left 3% prilocaine with 1:1.850.000 felypressin. Patients were randomized for the first surgical procedure. To analyze the variation in four stress markers, homovanillic acid, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol, prolactin and cortisol, 10-mL blood samples were obtained at t = 0, 5, 60, and 120 minutes. The control group consisted of 12 healthy volunteers, who did not undergo either extractions or anesthetic procedures but from whom blood samples were collected and analyzed in the same way.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma cortisol increased in the experimental group (multiple range test, P<0.05), the levels being significantly higher in the group receiving 3% prilocaine with 1:1.850,000 felypressin (signed rank test, p<0.0007). There was a significant reduction in homovanillic acid over time in both groups (multiple range test, P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in homovanillic acid, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol or prolactin concentrations between the experimental and control groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The effect of regional anesthesia on stress is lower when 4% articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine is used in this surgical procedure.
authors: Hospital Universitario Cruces, Gurutzetako Unibertsitate Ospitalea, Plaza de Cruces s/n, 48903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain, jsz@clinicaimd.com.
authors: Iciar
authors: I
authors: Arteagoitia
authors: Mercedes
authors: M
authors: Zumarraga
authors: Ricardo
authors: R
authors: Dávila
authors: Luis
authors: L
authors: Barbier
authors: Gorka
authors: G
authors: Santamaría
authors: Joseba
authors: J
authors: Santamaria
mesh_terms: D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002355:Carticaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008964:Molar, Third / Q000601:surgery*; D009407:Nerve Block; D011318:Prilocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000097:blood*; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000523:psychology*; D014095:Tooth, Impacted / Q000097:blood* / Q000601:surgery*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D015415:Biomarkers; D011318:Prilocaine; D002355:Carticaine