title: Multi-level participatory design of land use policies in African drylands: a method to embed adaptability skills of drylands societies in a policy framework.
abstract: The participatory modelling method described here focuses on how to enable stakeholders to incorporate their own perception of environmental uncertainty and how to deal with it to design innovative environmental policies. This "self-design" approach uses role playing games and agent based modelling to let participants design their own conceptual framework, and so modelling supports, of issues. The method has a multi-scale focus I order to enable the whole multi-scale Sahelian logic to be expressed and on the other hand to encourage the players to deal with possible region-wide changes implied by their "local" policy objectives. This multi-level participatory design of land use policies has been under experimentation in Senegal since 2008 in different local and national arenas. The process has resulted in the "self-design" of a qualitative and relatively simple model of Sahelian uncertainty, which can be played like a role playing game as well a computerized model. Results are shown in perceptible autonomous organisational learning at the local level. Participants were also able to incorporate their own ideas for new rules for access to resources. They designed innovative collective rules, organised follow up and monitoring of these new land uses. Moreover, meaningful ideas for environmental policies are beginning to take shape. This work raises the epistemological question of what is meant by the term "indigenous knowledge" in environmental management, ranging from knowledge based on practical experience being included in the scholar's framing of knowledge, to a legitimate local ability to contextualize and re-arrange scientific expertise, to profoundly different worldviews which do not match ours.
authors: CIRAD/ES, BP 5035, 34098 Montpellier Cedex 05, France. Electronic address: daquino@cirad.fr.
authors: Patrick
authors: P
authors: d'Aquino
authors: UMISO-UCAD, Département Génie Informatique, École Supérieure Polytechnique, BP 15N915 Dakar Fann, Senegal.
authors: Alassane
authors: A
authors: Bah
mesh_terms: D003256:Community Participation; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources / Q000379:methods*; D003889:Desert Climate; D058735:Environmental Policy; D019359:Knowledge; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D012675:Senegal
keywords: Dryland; Local knowledge; Modelling; Participation; Policy; Uncertainty