title: The quantitative analysis of spreadability, coverage, and adhesion effect after application of the base make-up product.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is needed to evaluate the spreadability, coverage, and adhesion of facial base makeup products.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using the oscillation applicator or hand application, 20 volunteers spread the liquid foundation on their faces and forearms. To assess the spreadability, coverage, and adhesion, we analyzed digital images of volunteers' faces to measure spreadability and coverage, and we measured the adhesion effect on the forearm by tape-stripping.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In terms of spreadability, coverage, and adhesion, the results of group who used the 'oscillation applicator' were significantly twice as high as the other group who applied by hand.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, we demonstrated a method for quantitative assessing the effect of spreadability, coverage, and adhesion of the liquid foundation used in base makeup. Also, we discovered a distinction between using an oscillation applicator and using hand application. It is expected that image analysis assessment and tape-stripping would be useful parameters for the evaluation of the facial base makeup.
authors: Dermapro Skin Research Center, Dermapro LTD., Seoul, Korea.
authors: S Y
authors: SY
authors: Lee
authors: J H
authors: JH
authors: Baek
authors: M K
authors: MK
authors: Shin
authors: J S
authors: JS
authors: Koh
mesh_terms: D000268:Adhesiveness; D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000328:Adult; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004655:Emulsions / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D012867:Skin / Q000737:chemistry*; D017592:Skin Care / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D063465:Skin Cream / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D014783:Viscosity; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D013501:Surface-Active Agents
keywords: adhesion; base makeup; coverage; image analysis; spreadability