title: PTSD is a chronic, fluctuating disorder affecting the mental quality of life in older adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Examine the longitudinal course of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in older adults and its influence on mental health quality of life (MHQoL).
  
  
  METHODS
  Evaluation performed at baseline, and 3 and 6 months postrandomization as part of a longitudinal trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1,185 participants, with a mean (±SD) age of 73.53 (±5.98) years, at seven primary care sites (including five Veterans Affairs clinics), were divided into four groups, namely, no trauma (n = 661), trauma only (n = 319), partial PTSD (n = 114), and PTSD (n = 81), based on reports of trauma and associated PTSD symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  The prevalence of comorbid depression, anxiety, and alcohol use disorders, assessed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fourth Edition, criteria and changes in MHQoL, as assessed by the Short Form-36 mental component score.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, the PTSD group had higher frequencies of comorbid depression and anxiety disorders and worse MHQoL than the other groups. Both chronic (participants diagnosed with PTSD at all three assessments) and fluctuating (participants moving to or from one of the other groups) trajectories of course were observed during the follow-up period, which appeared to be separate from that of the comorbid disorders. Even after accounting for those comorbid disorders, PTSD had an independent association with poorer MHQoL at multiple time points, especially in men, whereas trauma without PTSD symptoms (trauma only) had better MHQoL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PTSD had chronic and fluctuating courses, with negative effects on MHQoL, while partial PTSD might represent a transitional state, underscoring the need to better identify and treat PTSD at any phase in later life.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA; Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Electronic address: mpchopra@hotmail.com.
authors: Mohit P
authors: MP
authors: Chopra
authors: Hongmei
authors: H
authors: Zhang
authors: Anica
authors: A
authors: Pless Kaiser
authors: Jennifer A
authors: JA
authors: Moye
authors: Maria D
authors: MD
authors: Llorente
authors: David W
authors: DW
authors: Oslin
authors: Avron
authors: A
authors: Spiro
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000523:psychology*; D019973:Alcohol-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology
keywords: Course; geriatric; posttraumatic stress disorder; quality of life; trajectory