title: A clinical study of non-parkinsonian tremor in Moroccan patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the characteristics of the most frequent tremors in a population of Moroccan patients.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Tremor is the most common movement disorder. It implies a wide variety of disorders with Parkinson's disease and essential tremor being the most frequent.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study of 148 patients with tremor referred to our movement disorders outpatient clinic was performed. Clinical features and treatment regimens were analyzed. Patients with parkinsonian tremor were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We included 62 patients with non-parkinsonian tremor. The etiologies were as follows: essential tremor (54.8%), dystonic tremor (19.4%), tremor associated with dystonia (14.5%), enhanced physiological tremor (3.2%), cerebellar tremor (3.2%), psychogenic tremor (3.2%) and Holmes' tremor (1.6%). The characteristics of essential tremor patients were analyzed. Female patients accounted for 67.6% of patients. Mean age at the onset of tremor was 52.2 ± 16.4 years. Family history of tremor was reported in 17.6% of cases. Tremor affected the arms (94.1%), head (52.9%), voice (35.3%) and legs (8.8%). Tremor was bilateral in 87.5% but was asymmetrical in 50% of patients. Patients had postural tremor (76.5%), kinetic tremor (79.4%) and rest tremor (associated in 11.8%). Treatment relied on propranolol (88.3%), primidone (14.7%), gabapentin (14.7%), clonazepam (14.7%), alprazolam (11.8%), topiramate (5.9%) and, in one patient, radiosurgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Essential tremor was the predominant diagnosis, confirming its high prevalence. There was a predominance of female patients and a peak of age at onset in the fifth and sixth decades. Asymmetry of the disease was noted in half of patients.
authors: Department of neurology B and neurogenetics, hôpital des spécialités ONO, avenue Mohammed Belarbi El Alaoui, Souissi, BP 6444, Rabat, Morocco; Movement disorders research group, hôpital des spécialités ONO, avenue Mohammed Belarbi El Alaoui, Souissi, BP 6444, Rabat, Morocco.
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Regragui
authors: Department of neurology B and neurogenetics, hôpital des spécialités ONO, avenue Mohammed Belarbi El Alaoui, Souissi, BP 6444, Rabat, Morocco; Movement disorders research group, hôpital des spécialités ONO, avenue Mohammed Belarbi El Alaoui, Souissi, BP 6444, Rabat, Morocco. Electronic address: lamiaelachhab@hotmail.com.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Lachhab
authors: Laboratory of biostatistics, clinical research and epidemiology, faculty of medicine and pharmacy of Rabat, avenue Mohammed Belarbi El Alaoui, Souissi, BP 6203, Rabat, Morocco.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Razine
authors: Department of neurology B and neurogenetics, hôpital des spécialités ONO, avenue Mohammed Belarbi El Alaoui, Souissi, BP 6444, Rabat, Morocco.
authors: E H
authors: EH
authors: Ait Benhaddou
authors: Department of neurology B and neurogenetics, hôpital des spécialités ONO, avenue Mohammed Belarbi El Alaoui, Souissi, BP 6444, Rabat, Morocco; Centre de recherche en épidémiologie clinique et essais thérapeutiques, faculty of medicine and pharmacy of Rabat, avenue Mohammed Belarbi El Alaoui, Souissi, BP 6203, Rabat, Morocco.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Benomar
authors: Department of neurology B and neurogenetics, hôpital des spécialités ONO, avenue Mohammed Belarbi El Alaoui, Souissi, BP 6444, Rabat, Morocco.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Yahyaoui
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D020821:Dystonic Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009018:Morocco / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014202:Tremor / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Dystonic tremor; Essential tremor; Tremblement; Tremblement dystonique; Tremblement essentiel; Tremor; Tremor treatment