title: DAYSLEEPER: a nuclear and vesicular-localized protein that is expressed in proliferating tissues.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  DAYSLEEPER is a domesticated transposase that is essential for development in Arabidopsis thaliana [Nature, 436:282-284, 2005]. It is derived from a hAT-superfamily transposon and contains many of the features found in the coding sequence of these elements [Nature, 436:282-284, 2005, Genetics, 158:949-957, 2001]. This work sheds light on the expression of this gene and localization of its product in protoplasts and in planta. Using deletion constructs, important domains in the protein were identified.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DAYSLEEPER is predominantly expressed in meristems, developing flowers and siliques. The protein is mainly localized in the nucleus, but can also be seen in discrete foci in the cytoplasm. Using several vesicular markers, we found that these foci belong to vesicular structures of the trans-golgi network, multivesicular bodies (MVB's) and late endosomes. The central region as well as both the N- and the C-terminus are essential to DAYSLEEPER function, since versions of DAYSLEEPER deleted for these regions are not able to complement the daysleeper phenotype. Like hAT-transposases, we show that DAYSLEEPER has a functionally conserved dimerization domain [J Biol Chem, 282:7563-7575, 2007].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DAYSLEEPER has retained the global structure of hAT transposases and it seems that most of these conserved features are essential to DAYSLEEPER's cellular function. Although structurally similar, DAYSLEEPER seems to have broadened its range of action beyond the nucleus in comparison to transposases.
authors: Marijn
authors: M
authors: Knip
authors: Steven
authors: S
authors: Hiemstra
authors: Afke
authors: A
authors: Sietsma
authors: Marina
authors: M
authors: Castelein
authors: Sylvia
authors: S
authors: de Pater
authors: Department of Molecular and Developmental Genetics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, Leiden 2333 BE, The Netherlands. p.j.j.hooykaas@biology.leidenuniv.nl.
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Hooykaas
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000166:cytology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D011992:Endosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D035264:Flowers / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000378:metabolism; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D057146:Multivesicular Bodies / Q000378:metabolism*; D016366:Open Reading Frames / Q000235:genetics; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010641:Phenotype; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D055503:Protein Multimerization; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D021381:Protein Transport; D011523:Protoplasts / Q000378:metabolism; D036226:Seedlings / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D019895:Transposases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D021601:trans-Golgi Network / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; C502314:DAYSLEEPER protein, Arabidopsis; D019895:Transposases; D005966:Glucuronidase