title: Long-term follow-up of home-based behavioral management training provided by migraine patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Behavioral migraine approaches are effective in reducing headache attacks. Availability of treatment might be increased by using migraine patients as trainers. Therefore, Mérelle and colleagues developed and evaluated a home-based behavioral management training (BMT) by lay trainers (1). The maintenance of effects at long-term follow-up is studied in the present study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Measurements were taken pre-BMT (T0), post-BMT (T1), at six-month follow-up (T2), and at long-term follow-up, i.e. two to four years after BMT (T3). Data of 127 participants were analyzed with longitudinal multi-level analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Short-term improvements in attack frequency and self-efficacy post-BMT were maintained at long-term follow-up ( DT0T3  = -.34 and DT0T3  = .69, respectively). The level of internal control that increased during BMT decreased from post-BMT to long-term follow-up ( DT0T3  = .18). Quality of life and migraine-related disability improved gradually over time ( DT0T3  = .45 and DT0T3  = -.26, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the results should be interpreted with caution because of the lack of a follow-up control group and the inability to gather information about additional treatments patients may have received during the follow-up period, the findings suggest that lay BMT for migraine may be beneficial over the long term. If so, this could make migraine treatments more widely available.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy Section, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, The Netherlands.
authors: Jessica S
authors: JS
authors: Voerman
authors: Cora de
authors: Cd
authors: Klerk
authors: Saskia Y M
authors: SY
authors: Mérelle
authors: Elise
authors: E
authors: Aartsen
authors: Reinier
authors: R
authors: Timman
authors: Marjolijn J
authors: MJ
authors: Sorbi
authors: Jan
authors: J
authors: Passchier
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006792:House Calls; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010361:Patients; D011788:Quality of Life; D013663:Teaching / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Migraine; behavioral management training; lay trainers; long-term follow-up; self-management