title: Detection of antibiotic residues and association of cefquinome residues with the occurrence of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria in waste milk samples from dairy farms in England and Wales in 2011.
abstract: Waste milk samples from 103 farms in England and Wales were examined for the presence of β-lactam antibiotics and ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Approximately 10 months after the initial sampling, further waste milk, environmental and faecal samples from farms shown to be positive for CTX-M Escherichia coli were investigated further. Isolates with an ESBL phenotype were tested by PCR for the presence of blaCTX-M, blaOXA, blaSHV and blaTEM genes. Isolates positive for blaCTX-M were sequenced to determine CTX-M type. Representative isolates were further examined by PFGE, plasmid replicon typing and serotyping. Of particular interest, 21.4% of waste milk samples contained residues of the cephalosporin cefquinome, which was significantly associated with CTX-M bacteria. Such bacteria occurred in 5.8% of the waste milk samples (including 3.9% CTX-M E. coli). CTX-M types identified were 1, 14, 14b and 15, but none of the E. coli were serotype O25, the serotype of the human pandemic strain.
authors: Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (Weybridge), Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK. Electronic address: luke.randall@ahvla.gsi.gov.uk.
authors: Luke
authors: L
authors: Randall
authors: The Food and Environment Research Agency, Sand Hutton, Yorkshire YO41 1LZ, UK.
authors: Katharina
authors: K
authors: Heinrich
authors: Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (Weybridge), Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK.
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Horton
authors: Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (Weybridge), Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK.
authors: Lucy
authors: L
authors: Brunton
authors: The Food and Environment Research Agency, Sand Hutton, Yorkshire YO41 1LZ, UK.
authors: Matthew
authors: M
authors: Sharman
authors: The Food and Environment Research Agency, Sand Hutton, Yorkshire YO41 1LZ, UK.
authors: Victoria
authors: V
authors: Bailey-Horne
authors: Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (Weybridge), Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK.
authors: Meenaxi
authors: M
authors: Sharma
authors: Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (Weybridge), Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK.
authors: Ian
authors: I
authors: McLaren
authors: Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (Weybridge), Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK.
authors: Nick
authors: N
authors: Coldham
authors: Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (Weybridge), Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK.
authors: Chris
authors: C
authors: Teale
authors: Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Job's Well Road, Carmarthen, Carmarthenshire SA31 3EZ, UK.
authors: Jeff
authors: J
authors: Jones
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004739:England; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D008414:Mastitis, Bovine / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D012703:Serotyping / Q000662:veterinary; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014852:Wales; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002511:Cephalosporins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; C055184:beta-lactamase TEM-3; D001618:beta-Lactamases; C068212:cefquinome
keywords: CTX-M; Cephalosporin; Resistance; Waste milk; bla(CTX-M)