title: Chimeric antigen receptor modified T cell therapy for B cell malignancies.
abstract: Adoptive transfer of tumor-reactive T cells into cancer patients with the intent of inducing a cytotoxic anti-tumor effector response and durable immunity has long been proposed as a novel therapy for a broad range of malignancies; however, local and systemic tolerance mechanisms have hindered the generation of effective T cell therapies and limited the clinical efficacy of this approach in cancer patients. Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are recombinant receptors that comprise an extracellular antigen-targeting domain in conjunction with one or more intracellular T cell signaling domains that can be introduced into T cells by genetic modification to redirect their specificity to the CAR-targeted antigen. Administration of CD19-specific CAR-modified T cells that target B cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas and leukemia has been remarkably effective in recent clinical trials, energizing the field and stimulating new efforts to identify the critical parameters of CAR design and T cell engineering that are necessary for effective cancer therapy.
authors: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue N., Seattle, WA, 98109, USA, cturtle@fhcrc.org.
authors: Cameron J
authors: CJ
authors: Turtle
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D060846:Cell Engineering; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive / Q000009:adverse effects; D015448:Leukemia, B-Cell / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation*
chemical_list: D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins