title: Bacterial infection (BI)-INDEX: an improved and simplified rapid flow cytometric bacterial infection marker.
abstract: The aim of this study was to develop a rapid and simple flow cytometric bacterial infection marker. In this prospective comparative study, quantitative flow cytometric analysis of CD10, CD35, CD66b, CD282, and MHC Class I molecules on human neutrophils, monocytes, and B-lymphocytes from 141 hospitalized febrile patients with suspected infection and from 50 healthy controls was performed. We developed a flow cytometric marker of local and systemic bacterial infections, designated "bacterial infection (BI)-INDEX", incorporating the quantitative analysis of CD10, CD35, MHCI, CD66b, and CD282 on neutrophils, monocytes, and B-lymphocytes, which displayed 90% sensitivity and 96% specificity in distinguishing between microbiologically confirmed bacterial (n = 31) and viral infections (n = 27) within a 1-h time-frame. We propose that our novel rapid BI-INDEX test will be useful in assisting physicians to ascertain whether antibiotic treatment is required, thus limiting unnecessary antimicrobial usage.
authors: Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland. Electronic address: jarnuu@utu.fi.
authors: Jari
authors: J
authors: Nuutila
authors: Department of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland.
authors: Päivi
authors: P
authors: Jalava-Karvinen
authors: Department of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland.
authors: Ulla
authors: U
authors: Hohenthal
authors: Department of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland.
authors: Pirkko
authors: P
authors: Kotilainen
authors: Department of Clinical Chemistry, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
authors: Tarja-Terttu
authors: TT
authors: Pelliniemi
authors: Department of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland.
authors: Jukka
authors: J
authors: Nikoskelainen
authors: Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland.
authors: Esa-Matti
authors: EM
authors: Lilius
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism; D012372:ROC Curve; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000954:Antigens, Surface; D015415:Biomarkers; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface
keywords: B-lymphocyte; Bacterial infection viral infection; Cell surface receptors; Differential diagnosis; Flow cytometry; Monocyte; Neutrophil