title: Efficacy trial of Camouflage Syringe to reduce dental fear and anxiety.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Dental fear and anxiety in early childhood are widely prevalent and contribute to dental problems and behaviour in adulthood. Novel ways to reduce dental fear and anxiety in children are needed. Our aim was to conduct an efficacy trial of a novel Camouflage Syringe to reduce dental fear and anxiety in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  
  
  
  METHODS
  randomised controlled trial of efficacy of the Camouflage Syringe. We designed a Camouflage Syringe with a toy-like appearance that veils the conventional syringe to permit topical application and injection of local anaesthesia and ensure more involvement of the patient in the treatment process. We conducted a concurrent parallel, randomised controlled trial (NCT01398007) on the efficacy of this Camouflage Syringe to reduce the dental fear and anxiety in children seeking dental treatment who required the use of local anaesthesia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using Venham's clinical rating scale, Venham's picture test, parental stress questionnaire and recall questionnaire, the efficacy of the Camouflage Syringe to reduce dental fear and anxiety ranged from 82% to 97% for various outcomes and from 60% to 100% for prevention of related adverse outcomes. For all outcomes, the number needed to treat was close to unity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results strongly favour the use of Camouflage Syringe to reduce dental fear and anxiety in children.
authors: Government Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur AND Lata Medical Research Foundation, Nagpur, India - Department of Advanced Education in General Dentistry, Case School of Dental Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Ujaoney
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Mamtani
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Thakre
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Tote
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Hazarey
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Hazarey
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Kulkarni
mesh_terms: D000766:Anesthesia, Dental; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D016854:Dental Anxiety / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013594:Syringes