title: Impact of TNF haplotypes in the physical course of acne vulgaris.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The role of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the TNF gene in acne vulgaris remains controversial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genomic DNA was isolated from 185 patients with acne vulgaris and 165 healthy controls. SNPs at positions -376, -308 and -238 of the promoter region of TNF were defined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of the GAG haplotype was greater among patients (16.8%) than among controls with borderline significance (9.7%, p = 0.059). Male carriers of haplotypes other than GGG presented acne vulgaris at a later age than carriers of the GGG haplotype. No effect of the GAG haplotype on the frequency of acne conglobata was found among women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Carriage of the GAG haplotype of TNF is linked with borderline susceptibility to acne vulgaris. The GGG haplotype is related with earlier disease onset in male patients.
authors: Department of Aesthetics and Cosmetology, School for Professions of Health and Welfare, Technological Educational Institute of Athens, Athens, Greece.
authors: Ioanna
authors: I
authors: Grech
authors: Sophia
authors: S
authors: Giatrakos
authors: Georgia
authors: G
authors: Damoraki
authors: Philippos
authors: P
authors: Kaldrimidis
authors: Dimitrios
authors: D
authors: Rigopoulos
authors: Evangelos J
authors: EJ
authors: Giamarellos-Bourboulis
mesh_terms: D000152:Acne Vulgaris / Q000235:genetics*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D023281:Genomics; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha