title: An update on diabetic women obstetrical outcomes linked to preconception and pregnancy glycemic profile: a systematic literature review.
abstract: Women with type 2 diabetes were less likely to have diabetes related complications than women with type 1. Women with type 1 diabetes had a high prepregnancy care and showed a worse glycemic control than women with type 2 both in the preconception period and during pregnancy. Obstetrical outcomes showed that preeclampsia and stillbirth rate is almost doubled in type 1 patients while perinatal deaths and SGA importantly increased in type 2 diabetes. In modern obstetrical care it is mandatory to maintain glucose levels as close to normal as possible particularly in diabetic population. HbA1C no higher than 6% before pregnancy and during the first trimester seems to decrease the risk of adverse obstetrical outcomes. Both the preconceptional counseling and glycemic profile optimization represent a fundamental step to improve pregnancy outcomes in women with preexisting diabetes. A systematic approach to family planning and the availability of preconception care for all diabetic women who desire pregnancy could be an essential step for diabetic management program.
authors: Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padua, Italy.
authors: Salvatore
authors: S
authors: Gizzo
authors: Tito Silvio
authors: TS
authors: Patrelli
authors: Marta
authors: M
authors: Rossanese
authors: Marco
authors: M
authors: Noventa
authors: Roberto
authors: R
authors: Berretta
authors: Stefania
authors: S
authors: Di Gangi
authors: Martina
authors: M
authors: Bertin
authors: Michele
authors: M
authors: Gangemi
authors: Giovanni Battista
authors: GB
authors: Nardelli
mesh_terms: D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D038321:Glycemic Index; D006801:Humans; D007743:Labor, Obstetric; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000097:blood; D011247:Pregnancy; D011254:Pregnancy in Diabetics / Q000097:blood*; D050497:Stillbirth