title: Vitamin D and multiple sclerosis: where do we go from here?
abstract: This article briefly introduces the basics of multiple sclerosis' (MS) clinical hallmarks and pathophysiology. Vitamin D is presented, including its metabolism and effects on the immune system. The epidemiological observations linking vitamin D to MS range from a half century old findings of latitude gradients and migrational risk patterns to modern, nested, case-control biobank studies. These observations show an association without doubt although causation has yet to be proven. Vitamin D as a treatment for MS is an emerging concept and both current and anticipated data will be covered. Lastly, we discuss future challenges, ideas on how to move from association to causation, and the prospect of primary prevention of this disabling disease.
authors: Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Section of Neurology, Umeå University, SE-90187, Umeå, Sweden.
authors: Jonatan
authors: J
authors: Salzer
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Biström
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Sundström
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D