title: 4D cryo-electron microscopy of proteins.
abstract: Cryo-electron microscopy is a form of transmission electron microscopy that has been used to determine the 3D structure of biological specimens in the hydrated state and with high resolution. We report the development of 4D cryo-electron microscopy by integrating the fourth dimension, time, into this powerful technique. From time-resolved diffraction of amyloid fibrils in a thin layer of vitrified water at cryogenic temperatures, we were able to detect picometer movements of protein molecules on a nanosecond time scale. Potential future applications of 4D cryo-electron microscopy are numerous, and some are discussed here.
authors: Physical Biology Center for Ultrafast Science and Technology, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California, 91125 United States .
authors: Anthony W P
authors: AW
authors: Fitzpatrick
authors: Ulrich J
authors: UJ
authors: Lorenz
authors: Giovanni M
authors: GM
authors: Vanacore
authors: Ahmed H
authors: AH
authors: Zewail
mesh_terms: D000682:Amyloid / Q000737:chemistry; D020285:Cryoelectron Microscopy; D036103:Nanotechnology; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000682:Amyloid; D011506:Proteins; D014867:Water