title: Cellular localization of protein arginine methyltransferase-5 correlates with grade of lung tumors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Protein arginine methyltransferase-5 (PRMT5) is a chromatin-modifying enzyme capable of methylating histone and non-histone proteins, and is involved in a wide range of cellular processes that range from transcriptional regulation to organelle biosynthesis. As such, its overexpression has been linked to tumor suppressor gene silencing, enhanced tumor cell growth and survival.
  
  
  METHODS
  Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western immunoblot and immunohistochemistry were used to characterize PRMT5 expression in lung cancer cell lines and human tumors. Clinicopathological findings of tissue microarray based samples from 229 patients with non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) and 133 cases with pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors (NET) were analyzed with regard to nuclear and cytoplasmic PRMT5 expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was statistically significant difference in PRMT5 messenger RNA expression between tumors and nonneoplastic lung tissues. Immunoblot experiments showed abundant expression of PRMT5 and its symmetric methylation mark H4R3 in lung carcinoma but not in non-neoplastic human pulmonary alveolar and bronchial epithelial cell lines. More than two thirds of lung tumors expressed PRMT5. High levels of cytoplasmic PRMT5 were detected in 20.5% of NSCLC and in 16.5% of NET; high levels of nuclear PRMT5 were detected in 38.0% of NSCLC and 24.0% of NET. Cytoplasmic PRMT5 was associated with high grade in both NSCLC and pulmonary NET while nuclear PRMT5 was more frequent in carcinoid tumors (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The observed findings support the role of PRMT5 in lung tumorigenesis and reflect its functional dichotomy in cellular compartments.
  The virtual slides for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1611895162102528.
authors: Department of Pathology, The Wexner Medical Center at the Ohio State University, 410 W, 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. Konstantin.Shilo@osumc.edu.
authors: Konstantin
authors: K
authors: Shilo
authors: Xin
authors: X
authors: Wu
authors: Smita
authors: S
authors: Sharma
authors: Meng
authors: M
authors: Welliver
authors: Wenrui
authors: W
authors: Duan
authors: Miguel
authors: M
authors: Villalona-Calero
authors: Junya
authors: J
authors: Fukuoka
authors: Said
authors: S
authors: Sif
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Baiocchi
authors: Charles L
authors: CL
authors: Hitchcock
authors: Weiqiang
authors: W
authors: Zhao
authors: Gregory A
authors: GA
authors: Otterson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000201:enzymology; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000201:enzymology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D011484:Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C400529:PRMT5 protein, human; D011484:Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases