title: Spontaneous splenic rupture in a patient with acute promyelocytic leukaemia during induction chemotherapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) is a subtype of acute myeloid leukaemia with high curability rates. However, it is often accompanied by severe coagulopathy and bleeding risk and thus represents a potentially fatal haematological emergency requiring immediate treatment. Spontaneous splenic rupture is a rare event in all haematological malignancies. Only two clinical cases have been described so far in a setting of APL.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report a patient with APL without preceding splenomegaly who underwent urgent splenectomy for spontaneously occurring splenic rupture during induction chemotherapy. After surgery the patient completed induction chemotherapy and achieved complete remission.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the second case of spontaneous splenic rupture without preceding splenomegaly in a patient with APL during induction chemotherapy described so far. Our case demonstrates that emergent splenectomy can be lifesaving even in the unfavourable condition of patient with severe immune deficiency.
authors: Department of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors: Adam
authors: A
authors: Kuba
authors: Department of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors: Tomas
authors: T
authors: Szotkowski
authors: Department of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Rohon
authors: Department of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors: Edgar
authors: E
authors: Faber
authors: Department of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Turcsanyi
authors: Department of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors: Jaromir
authors: J
authors: Hubacek
authors: Department of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors: Milena
authors: M
authors: Holzerova
authors: Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc.
authors: Vojtech
authors: V
authors: Prasil
authors: Department of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors: Marie
authors: M
authors: Jarosova
authors: Department of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors: Karel
authors: K
authors: Indrak
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004638:Emergency Treatment; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D060828:Induction Chemotherapy; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D013156:Splenectomy; D013161:Splenic Rupture / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery
keywords: abdominal pain; acute promyelocytic leukaemia; splenic rupture; splenomegaly