title: Effects of body weight reduction on cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Obesity is associated with type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia and hypertension, contributing to atherogenesis. Weight reduction is the fundamental therapy for obesity. Recently, a novel arterial stiffness parameter called cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) has been developed. We hypothesized that CAVI may be a candidate marker of increased vascular stiffness in obese patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of weight reduction on CAVI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using CAVI as an indicator, we assessed the changes in arterial stiffness in 47 obese Japanese subjects (aged 46 ± 13 years) who underwent a 12-week weight reduction program consisting of a calorie restriction diet (20-25 kcal/day) and exercise therapy. Visceral fat area (VFA) was evaluated by CT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, CAVI correlated positively with age (r = 0.70), blood pressure (r = 0.23), VFA (r = 0.26) and HbA1c (r = 0.39). After 12 weeks of weight reduction, mean BMI decreased from 33.3 ± 7.5 to 30.7 ± 6.4 kg/m(2) (p < 0.0001), and mean CAVI decreased from 8.3 to 7.9 (p < 0.01). The change in VFA correlated positively with change in CAVI in subjects with decrease in CAVI (r = 0.47). Furthermore, change in VFA was a significant independent predictor for change in CAVI. No significant correlation was observed between change in CAVI and clinical variables such as BMI, HbA1c and lipids.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated that CAVI decreased after weight reduction, and was associated with a decrease in VFA. CAVI reduction maybe a marker of improved vascular stiffness after weight reduction in subjects with visceral adiposity.
authors: Center of Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism, Toho University Medical Center Sakura Hospital, Chiba 285-8741, Japan.
authors: Daiji
authors: D
authors: Nagayama
authors: Center of Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism, Toho University Medical Center Sakura Hospital, Chiba 285-8741, Japan.
authors: Kei
authors: K
authors: Endo
authors: Center of Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism, Toho University Medical Center Sakura Hospital, Chiba 285-8741, Japan.
authors: Masahiro
authors: M
authors: Ohira
authors: Center of Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism, Toho University Medical Center Sakura Hospital, Chiba 285-8741, Japan.
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Yamaguchi
authors: Center of Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism, Toho University Medical Center Sakura Hospital, Chiba 285-8741, Japan.
authors: Noriko
authors: N
authors: Ban
authors: Center of Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism, Toho University Medical Center Sakura Hospital, Chiba 285-8741, Japan.
authors: Hidetoshi
authors: H
authors: Kawana
authors: Center of Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism, Toho University Medical Center Sakura Hospital, Chiba 285-8741, Japan.
authors: Ayako
authors: A
authors: Nagumo
authors: Center of Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism, Toho University Medical Center Sakura Hospital, Chiba 285-8741, Japan. Electronic address:atsuhito156@sakura.med.toho-u.ac.jp.
authors: Atsuhito
authors: A
authors: Saiki
authors: Center of Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism, Toho University Medical Center Sakura Hospital, Chiba 285-8741, Japan.
authors: Tomokazu
authors: T
authors: Oyama
authors: Center of Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism, Toho University Medical Center Sakura Hospital, Chiba 285-8741, Japan.
authors: Yoh
authors: Y
authors: Miyashita
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Medical Center Sakura Hospital, Chiba 285-8741, Japan.
authors: Kohji
authors: K
authors: Shirai
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000842:Ankle / Q000098:blood supply / Q000503:physiopathology*; D055109:Ankle Brachial Index; D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000098:blood supply / Q000503:physiopathology; D001158:Arteries / Q000503:physiopathology*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D059289:Vascular Stiffness; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D008055:Lipids