title: Projected marine climate change: effects on copepod oxidative status and reproduction.
abstract: Zooplankton are an important link between primary producers and fish. Therefore, it is crucial to address their responses when predicting effects of climate change on pelagic ecosystems. For realistic community-level predictions, several biotic and abiotic climate-related variables should be examined in combination. We studied the combined effects of ocean acidification and global warming predicted for year 2100 with toxic cyanobacteria on the calanoid copepod, Acartia bifilosa. Acidification together with higher temperature reduced copepod antioxidant capacity. Higher temperature also decreased egg viability, nauplii development, and oxidative status. Exposure to cyanobacteria and its toxin had a negative effect on egg production but, a positive effect on oxidative status and egg viability, giving no net effects on viable egg production. Additionally, nauplii development was enhanced by the presence of cyanobacteria, which partially alleviated the otherwise negative effects of increased temperature and decreased pH on the copepod recruitment. The interactive effects of temperature, acidification, and cyanobacteria on copepods highlight the importance of testing combined effects of climate-related factors when predicting biological responses.
authors: ARONIA Coastal Zone Research Team, Novia University of Applied Sciences & Åbo Akademi University Ekenäs, Finland ; Tvärminne Zoological Station, University of Helsinki Hanko, Finland.
authors: Anu
authors: A
authors: Vehmaa
authors: Hedvig
authors: H
authors: Hogfors
authors: Elena
authors: E
authors: Gorokhova
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Brutemark
authors: Towe
authors: T
authors: Holmborn
authors: Jonna
authors: J
authors: Engström-Öst
keywords: antioxidant capacity; copepod egg production; hatching success; nauplii development; ocean acidification; oxidative stress; toxic algae; warming