title: [GRADE guidelines: 11. Making an overall rating of confidence in effect estimates for a single outcome and for all outcomes].
abstract: GRADE requires guideline developers to make an overall rating of confidence in estimates of effect (quality of evidence-high, moderate, low, or very low) for each important or critical outcome. GRADE suggests, for each outcome, the initial separate consideration of five domains of reasons for rating down the confidence in effect estimates, thereby allowing systematic review authors and guideline developers to arrive at an outcome-specific rating of confidence. Although this rating system represents discrete steps on an ordinal scale, it is helpful to view confidence in estimates as a continuum, and the final rating of confidence may differ from that suggested by separate consideration of each domain. An overall rating of confidence in estimates of effect is only relevant in settings when recommendations are being made. In general, it is based on the critical outcome that provides the lowest confidence.
authors: Donau-Universität Krems, Department für Evidenzbasierte Medizin und Klinische Epidemiologie, Krems, Österreich. Electronic address: angela.kaminski@donau-uni.ac.at.
authors: Angela
authors: A
authors: Kaminski-Hartenthaler
authors: Gerald
authors: G
authors: Gartlehner
authors: Christina
authors: C
authors: Kien
authors: Joerg J
authors: JJ
authors: Meerpohl
authors: Gero
authors: G
authors: Langer
authors: Matthias
authors: M
authors: Perleth
authors: Holger
authors: H
authors: Schünemann
mesh_terms: D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D009313:National Health Programs; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic / Q000592:standards*; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration; D012107:Research Design / Q000592:standards
keywords: GRADE; Methodik Systematischer Reviews; Methodik von Leitlinien; Qualität der Evidenz; Vertrauen in Effektschätzer; Werte und Präferenzen; confidence in estimates; guideline methodology; quality of evidence; systematic review methodology; values and preferences