title: Lack of relationship between cord serum angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) and lipolytic activity in human neonates born by spontaneous delivery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ligands of peroxisome-proliferator activated receptors (PPARs), such as non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs), induce expression of angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4). Recently ANGPTL4 has been reported to be a mediator of intracellular adipose lipolysis induced by glucocorticoids.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the concentrations of ANGPTL4 in cord serum of neonates born by spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD) and by pre-labor cesarean section (CS) from healthy women, and to relate them to parameters of neonatal lipolytic activity at birth.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 54 neonates born by SVD and in 56 neonates born by CS, arterial cord blood was drawn to determine insulin, cortisol, triacylglycerols (TAGs), glycerol, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs), individual fatty acids, ANGPTL4, adiponectin, retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) and leptin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Birth weight and neonatal fat mass in SVD and CS showed no difference, but the concentrations of glycerol, adiponectin, RBP4, NEFAs and most individual fatty acids were higher in cord serum of neonates born by SVD compared to CS, indicating a higher adipose tissue breakdown in the SVD group. The concentrations of TAG and cortisol were also higher and that of insulin was lower in cord serum of SVD compared to the CS group. However, the concentration in cord serum of ANGPTL4 did not differ between the two groups and no positive correlation with either NEFA or glycerol concentrations were detected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ANGPTL4 is known to stimulate lipolysis in adults, but does not appear to mediate the increased activity in SVD, indicating the presence of different regulatory inputs.
authors: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculties of Pharmacy and Medicine, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Henar
authors: H
authors: Ortega-Senovilla
authors: Ute
authors: U
authors: Schaefer-Graf
authors: Katrin
authors: K
authors: Meitzner
authors: Kristof
authors: K
authors: Graf
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Abou-Dakn
authors: Emilio
authors: E
authors: Herrera
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000075803:Angiopoietin-Like Protein 4; D042682:Angiopoietins / Q000097:blood*; D002585:Cesarean Section; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D005990:Glycerol / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008066:Lipolysis; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: C474772:ANGPTL4 protein, human; D000075803:Angiopoietin-Like Protein 4; D042682:Angiopoietins; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005990:Glycerol