title: Systemic and local immune response in pigs intradermally and intramuscularly injected with inactivated Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccines.
abstract: The systemic and respiratory local immune response induced by the intradermal administration of a commercial inactivated Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae whole-cell vaccine (Porcilis(®) MHYO ID ONCE - MSD AH) in comparison with two commercial vaccines administered via the intramuscular route and a negative control (adjuvant only) was investigated. Forty conventional M. hyopneumoniae-free pigs were randomly assigned to four groups (ten animals each): Group A=intradermal administration of the test vaccine by using the needle-less IDAL(®) vaccinator at a dose of 0.2 ml; Group B=intramuscular administration of a commercially available vaccine (vaccine B); Group C=intramuscular administration of the adjuvant only (2 ml of X-solve adjuvant); Group D=intramuscular administration of a commercially available vaccine (vaccine D). Pigs were vaccinated at 28 days of age. Blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid samples were collected at vaccination (blood only), 4 and 8 weeks post-vaccination. Serum and BAL fluid were tested for the presence of antibodies by ELISA test. Peripheral blood monomorphonuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated to quantify the number of IFN-γ secreting cells by ELISpot. Moreover, cytokine gene expression from the BAL fluid was performed. Total antibodies against M. hyopneumoniae and specific IgG were detected in serum of intradermally and intramuscularly (vaccine B only) vaccinated pigs at 4 and 8 weeks post-vaccination. M. hyopneumoniae specific IgA were detected in BAL fluid from vaccinated animals (Groups A and B) but not from controls and animals vaccinated with the bacterin D (p<0.05). Significantly higher gene expression of IL-10 was observed in the BAL fluid at week 8 post-vaccination in the intradermally vaccinated pigs (p<0.05). The results support that the intradermal administration of an adjuvanted bacterin induces both systemic and mucosal immune responses. Moreover, the intramuscularly administered commercial vaccines each had a different ability to stimulate the immune response both systemically and locally.
authors: Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Via del Taglio, 10 - 43126 Parma, Italy. Electronic address: paolo.martelli@unipr.it.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Martelli
authors: Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Via del Taglio, 10 - 43126 Parma, Italy.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Saleri
authors: Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Via del Taglio, 10 - 43126 Parma, Italy.
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Cavalli
authors: Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Via del Taglio, 10 - 43126 Parma, Italy.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: De Angelis
authors: Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Via del Taglio, 10 - 43126 Parma, Italy.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Ferrari
authors: Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Via del Taglio, 10 - 43126 Parma, Italy.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Benetti
authors: Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Via del Taglio, 10 - 43126 Parma, Italy.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Ferrarini
authors: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna "B. Ubertini" - Sezione diagnostica di Bologna, Via Ficorini, 5 - 40127 Bologna, Italy.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Merialdi
authors: Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Via del Taglio, 10 - 43126 Parma, Italy.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Borghetti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000276:immunology; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000276:immunology; D007271:Injections, Intradermal; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D045705:Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae / Q000276:immunology*; D045729:Pneumonia of Swine, Mycoplasmal / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D034421:Sus scrofa / Q000276:immunology; D013552:Swine / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007371:Interferon-gamma
keywords: Intradermal; M. hyopneumoniae; Pig; Vaccination