title: The NAC-like gene ANTHER INDEHISCENCE FACTOR acts as a repressor that controls anther dehiscence by regulating genes in the jasmonate biosynthesis pathway in Arabidopsis.
abstract: ANTHER INDEHISCENCE FACTOR (AIF), a NAC-like gene, was identified in Arabidopsis. In AIF:GUS flowers, β-glucuronidase (GUS) activity was detected in the anther, the upper parts of the filaments, and in the pollen of stage 7-9 young flower buds; GUS activity was reduced in mature flowers. Yellow fluorescent protein (YFP)+AIF-C fusion proteins, which lacked a transmembrane domain, accumulated in the nuclei of the Arabidopsis cells, whereas the YFP+AIF fusion proteins accumulated in the membrane and were absent in the nuclei. Further detection of a cleaved AIF protein in flowers revealed that AIF needs to be processed and released from the endoplasmic reticulum in order to function. The ectopic expression of AIF-C caused a male-sterile phenotype with indehiscent anthers throughout flower development in Arabidopsis. The presence of a repressor domain in AIF and the similar phenotype of indehiscent anthers in AIF-C+SRDX plants suggest that AIF acts as a repressor. The defect in anther dehiscence was due to the down-regulation of genes that participate in jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis, such as DAD1/AOS/AOC3/OPR3/OPCL1. The external application of JA rescued the anther indehiscence in AIF-C and AIF-C+SRDX flowers. In AIF-C+VP16 plants, which are transgenic dominant-negative mutants in which AIF is converted to a potent activator via fusion to a VP16-AD motif, the anther dehiscence was promoted, and the expression of DAD1/AOS/AOC3/OPR3/OPCL1 was up-regulated. Furthermore, the suppression of AIF through an antisense strategy resulted in a mutant phenotype similar to that observed in the AIF-C+VP16 flowers. The present data suggest a role for AIF in controlling anther dehiscence by suppressing the expression of JA biosynthesis genes in Arabidopsis.
authors: Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan 40227 ROC.
authors: Ching-Fang
authors: CF
authors: Shih
authors: Wei-Han
authors: WH
authors: Hsu
authors: Yan-Jhu
authors: YJ
authors: Peng
authors: Chang-Hsien
authors: CH
authors: Yang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D053898:Biosynthetic Pathways / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D035264:Flowers / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D005799:Genes, Dominant; D017343:Genes, Plant; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010641:Phenotype; D051479:Plant Infertility / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D011058:Pollen / Q000235:genetics / Q000648:ultrastructure; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D011523:Protoplasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D054883:Oxylipins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C011006:jasmonic acid; D005966:Glucuronidase
keywords: ANTHER INDEHISCENCE FACTOR; Anther dehiscence; NAC-like gene; jasmonate signalling; repressor.