title: Impact of internal spermatic artery preservation during laparoscopic varicocelectomy on recurrence and the catch-up growth rate in adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effectiveness of laparoscopic varicocelectomy (LV) in adolescents with varicocele and analyze the impact of internal spermatic artery (ISA) preservation on surgical outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data on 92 adolescents with left varicocele who underwent LV between December 1998 and January 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. The mean age of the patients was 13.2 ± 2.1 years. Age, grade of disease, number of ligation veins, recurrence rates, and catch-up growth were analyzed in patients who underwent ISA preservation and ligation. The median duration of the follow-up was 21 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ISA preservation was performed on 50 patients (54%). There were no significant inter-group differences in terms of age, varicocele grade, number of ligation veins, and catch-up growth (93% vs. 90%). The patients who received artery preservation demonstrated a higher recurrence rate (22%) than those who received artery ligation (5%; p = 0.032). Among 13 patients who had persistent or recurrent varicocele, nine were treated with embolization and one was treated with magnification-assisted subinguinal varicocelectomy. None of these 10 patients demonstrated recurrence or testicular atrophy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LV with ISA ligation can reduce the recurrence rate and results in the same catch-up growth rate in comparison with LV with ISA preservation.
authors: Department of Urology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 388-1 Pungnap2-dong, Songpa-gu, 138-736 Seoul, South Korea.
authors: K S
authors: KS
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Urology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 388-1 Pungnap2-dong, Songpa-gu, 138-736 Seoul, South Korea.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Urology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 388-1 Pungnap2-dong, Songpa-gu, 138-736 Seoul, South Korea.
authors: S H
authors: SH
authors: Song
authors: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Cheju National University College of Medicine, Cheju National University Hospital, 690-716, #154, 3-Do 2-Dong, Jeju City, South Korea.
authors: S J
authors: SJ
authors: Cho
authors: School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, 30 Jangjeon-dong, Gumjeong-gu, 609-735 Busan, South Korea.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Park
authors: Department of Urology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 388-1 Pungnap2-dong, Songpa-gu, 138-736 Seoul, South Korea.
authors: K H
authors: KH
authors: Moon
authors: Department of Urology, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50, Hapsung-dong, Masan hoewon-gu, 630-723 Changwon, South Korea.
authors: D S
authors: DS
authors: Ryu
authors: Department of Urology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, 290-3 Jeonha-dong Dong-gu, 682-714 Ulsan, South Korea. Electronic address: scpark@amc.seoul.kr.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Park
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000792:Angiography; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013085:Spermatic Cord / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000601:surgery; D013737:Testis / Q000254:growth & development*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D013521:Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male / Q000379:methods* / Q000451:nursing*; D014646:Varicocele / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: Adolescents; Internal spermatic artery; Laparoscopy; Recurrence; Varicocelectomy