title: Visual issues in multiple sclerosis.
abstract: Multiple sclerosis has several ophthalmic manifestations, including optic neuritis, internuclear ophthalmoplegia, and nystagmus. The presentation, treatment, and prognosis of visual complaints secondary to multiple sclerosis are discussed. Additionally, the use of optical coherence tomography and complications related to the use of fingolimod are considered.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Box 359608, 325 9th Avenue, Seattle, WA 98104-2499, USA. Electronic address: francis3@uw.edu.
authors: Courtney E
authors: CE
authors: Francis
mesh_terms: D000068876:Fingolimod Hydrochloride; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000139:chemically induced; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D009471:Neuromyelitis Optica / Q000209:etiology; D009759:Nystagmus, Pathologic / Q000209:etiology; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D009902:Optic Neuritis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D011379:Prognosis; D011409:Propylene Glycols / Q000009:adverse effects; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D014605:Uveitis / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D011409:Propylene Glycols; D000068876:Fingolimod Hydrochloride; D013110:Sphingosine
keywords: Diplopia; Fingolimod; Internuclear ophthalmoplegia; Multiple sclerosis; Nystagmus; Optic neuritis; Optical coherence tomography