title: One vs. two piece customized implants to reconstruct mandibular continuity defects: a preliminary study in pig cadavers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The reconstruction of mandibular continuity defects by bridging plates often leads to complications. Customized mandibular implants might be an alternative option. In the present study, the stability at the bone-implant-interface of customized two-piece implants was compared to one-piece implants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty pig mandibles were randomly divided into three groups. One group (A) was left untreated and served as reference. In groups B and C, a continuity defect was created in the left mandibular side. The defects were reconstructed by customized pure titanium implants, manufactured using the LaserCUSING(®) technology. Group B received a one-piece implant; in group C a two-piece implant was inserted to reconstruct the continuity defect. The bonding strength was examined statically and dynamically under standardized conditions. Digital Image Correlation was used for distortion measurement. Different dynamic measurements were performed for orientation purposes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The highest bonding strength was measured for the reference group. The two-piece implant showed an increased bonding strength when compared to the one-piece design. In all pig mandibles treated with individual implants a fracture occurred on the non-operated side. This indicates a high primary stability of the bone-implant-interface.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The two-piece individual mandibular implant manufactured by LaserCUSING(®) technology should be further analyzed in future studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (Director: Prof. Dr. Dr. G. Lauer), University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany. Electronic address: jutta.markwardt@uniklinikum-dresden.de.
authors.forename: Jutta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Markwardt
authors.affiliation: Institute for Lightweight Construction and Plastics Engineering (Director: Prof. Dr. W. Hufenbach), Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Tony
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.affiliation: Institute for Lightweight Construction and Plastics Engineering (Director: Prof. Dr. W. Hufenbach), Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Niels
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Modler
authors.affiliation: Department of Design Engineering/CAD (Director: Prof. Dr. R. Stelzer), Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sembdner
authors.affiliation: Fa. Hofmann und Engel, Produktentwicklung (Director: Dipl.-Ing. G. Engel), 01468 Boxdorf, Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Raoul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lesche
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (Director: Prof. Dr. Dr. G. Lauer), University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry (Director: Prof. Dr. M. Walter), University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Reitemeier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D001860:Bone Plates; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D008337:Mandibular Fractures / Q000503:physiopathology; D063175:Mandibular Reconstruction / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D011897:Random Allocation; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013552:Swine; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D014584:User-Computer Interface
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Bonding strength testing; Cadaver study; Customized mandibular implant; Loss of continuity; Pig mandible