title: Health governance at local level from human resource for health perspectives: the case of Nepal.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Evidence about effects of good governance in Human Resources for Health (HRH) is scant in Nepal. The study aimed to explore the situation of health governance at the local level and suggest measures to address the HRH challenges.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety health facilities from Siraha, Bardiya and Doti districts were included in the study. Focus group discussions (N=36) with different groups and key informants interviews (33 VDC Secretaries, 76 Health Facility Management Committees and 9 central level policy makers and managers) were conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only 49 (54%) of the health facilities have properly displayed signboard, 42 (47%) citizen charter, 36 (40%) free health services and Information on Aama program in 25 (28%) health facilities. In total 52 (58%) health facilities have not displayed names of women receiving Aama benefits. Seventy two out of 90 health facilities have not displayed social audit reports and 80 (89%) of the health facilities have not maintained complaint box. The initiative of decentralized human resource management, where implemented, has increased ownership at the local level. Staff retention has been reported well though it does not apply in case of the medical doctors. Rule of law in terms of human resource recruitment and transfer, promotion, and training were not fully implemented and were lenient in the upper level. Nepotism and power exercise was frequently reported as a hindrance in implementing the gender and social inclusion policy fully.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transparency, gender and social inclusion is yet to be implemented fully at the district and health facility level.
authors.affiliation: Development Resource Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Devkota
authors.affiliation: Save the Children,Sinamangal, Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ghimire
authors.affiliation: Development Resource Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Devkota
authors.affiliation: Save the Children,Sinamangal, Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Save the Children,Sinamangal, Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Mahato
authors.affiliation: Save the Children,Sinamangal, Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Thapa
authors.affiliation: Development Resource Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shrestha
authors.affiliation: Development Resource Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tuladhar
mesh_terms: D057189:Checklist; D003695:Delivery of Health Care; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006280:Health Workforce / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006801:Humans; D009111:Local Government; D008297:Male; D036301:Qualitative Research