title: Effects of external electrical and magnetic fields on pacemakers and defibrillators: from engineering principles to clinical practice.
abstract: The overall risk of clinically significant adverse events related to EMI in recipients of CIEDs is very low. Therefore, no special precautions are needed when household appliances are used. Environmental and industrial sources of EMI are relatively safe when the exposure time is limited and distance from the CIEDs is maximized. The risk of EMI-induced events is highest within the hospital environment. Physician awareness of the possible interactions and methods to minimize them is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Section for Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. (R.B., S.N.); and Davidai Arrhythmia Center, Leviev Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Hashomer, Israel (R.B.).
authors.forename: Roy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Beinart
authors.forename: Saman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nazarian
mesh_terms: D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000628:therapy*; D057005:Bioengineering / Q000379:methods*; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D004560:Electricity / Q000009:adverse effects*; D055590:Electromagnetic Phenomena; D004581:Electronics; D004598:Electrosurgery / Q000009:adverse effects; D004868:Equipment Failure; D004864:Equipment and Supplies / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D060526:Magnetic Fields / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: electromagnetic interference; implantable cardioverter-defibrillator; magnetic resonance imaging; pacemaker, artificial