title: [Risk factors for the kidney stones: a hospital-based case-control study in a distric hospital in Beijing].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the risk and protective factors of kidney calculi in order to put forward theoretical basis for preventive and control measures.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 1:1 matched case-control study was performed using data from a hospital in Beijing. The case group included 100 inpatients who were diagnosed kidney calculi using B ultrasonic, X-ray and intravenous pyelography during the survey while other 100 urolithiasis and endocrine disease excluded inpatients who shared the same sex, within five years gap to the case group inpatients were for the control group. A face-to-face survey was conducted with self-made questionnaires which covered demographic characteristics, water issues, dietary habits, genetic and medical history. Epidata 3.0 was used to build the database and SPSS 19.0 for the statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the univariate Logistic regression analysis, ten variables were found showing statistical significance. For the multivariate Logistic regression analysis, variables left in the model were labor intensity (OR=0.622, 95%CI: 0.435-0.889), preferring to drink after dinner (OR=0.316, 95%CI: 0.122-0.815), loving drinking (OR=0.232, 95%CI: 0.084-0.642), drinking tea regularly (OR=1.463, 95%CI: 1.033-2.071), eating more vegetables (OR=0.571, 95%CI: 0.328-0.993), the history of the urolithiasis (OR=2.127, 95%CI: 1.065-90.145).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Drinking tea regularly, urolithiasis history and brain work are the risk factors of kidney calculi while loving drinking and eating more vegetables for the protection.
authors.affiliation: Department Occupational and Environmental, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Jiao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Shunyi Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Gong-tang
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Wei-jing
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.forename: Man-man
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Safety Engineering of Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing 100070, China.
authors.forename: Xue-wei
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Li-hua
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D001628:Beverages; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004326:Drinking; D004327:Drinking Behavior; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013662:Tea; D052878:Urolithiasis / Q000150:complications; D014675:Vegetables; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D013662:Tea