title: Gene expression related to oxidative stress in the heart of mice after intestinal ischemia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion is a frequent clinical event associated to injury in distant organs, especially the heart.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the gene expression of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense in the heart of inbred mice subjected to intestinal ischemia and reperfusion (IR).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve mice (C57BL/6) were assigned to: IR Group (GIR) with 60 minutes of superior mesenteric artery occlusion followed by 60 minutes of reperfusion; Control Group (CG) which underwent anesthesia and laparotomy without IR procedure and was observed for 120 minutes. Intestine and heart samples were processed using the RT-qPCR/Reverse transcriptase-quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction method for the gene expression of 84 genes related to oxidative stress and oxidative defense (Student's "t" test, p<0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The intestinal tissue (GIR) was noted to have an up-regulation of 65 genes (74.71%) in comparison to normal tissue (CG), and 37 genes (44.04%) were hyper-expressed (greater than three times the threshold allowed by the algorithm). Regarding the remote effects of intestinal I/R in cardiac tissue an up-regulation of 28 genes (33.33%) was seen, but only eight genes (9.52%) were hyper-expressed three times above threshold. Four (7.14%) of these eight genes were expressed in both intestinal and cardiac tissues. Cardiomyocytes with smaller and pyknotic nuclei, rich in heterochromatin with rare nucleoli, indicating cardiac distress, were observed in the GIR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intestinal I/R caused a statistically significant over expression of 8 genes associated with oxidative stress in remote myocardial tissue.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: Frederico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Somaio Neto
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: Adauto Tsutomu
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Ikejiri
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: Paulo Roberto
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Bertoletto
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: José Carlos Bertoletto
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Chaves
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Teruya
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Djalma José
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Fagundes
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Murched Omar
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Taha
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000235:genetics*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism; D007511:Ischemia / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000235:genetics*; D011897:Random Allocation; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants