title: Daidzein regulates proinflammatory adipokines thereby improving obesity-related inflammation through PPARγ.
abstract: METHODS
  Daidzein was recently reported to act like an activator of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) thereby enhancing differentiation of adipocytes. Although PPARγ plays a role in adipokine expression, it has not been well researched whether daidzein affects expression of adipokines. This study aimed to clarify the effects of daidzein on proinflammatory adipokines and adipose inflammation causing insulin resistance in obesity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with daidzein or genistein. Diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice were fed high-fat high-sucrose diets with daidzein (1.0 g/kg chow) for 12 wk. The results showed that both isoflavones, especially daidzein, stimulated adipogenic differentiation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes with the activation of PPARγ. Daidzein also increased adiponectin expression and decreased MCP-1 expression with the consistent regulation of their secretion. In obese mice, daidzein inhibited hypertrophy in fat cell size and improved insulin sensitivity, concomitant with upregulation of PPARγ in fat tissue. Decreased expression of MCP-1 and TNF-α, and increased expression of adiponectin were also observed in adipose tissue of daidzein-fed mice. Additionally, daidzein administration significantly inhibited macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Daidzein regulates adipokine expression through the PPARγ, thereby improving the adverse effects of adipose inflammation, such as insulin resistance, in obesity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Ayano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Naka
authors.forename: Nozomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohara
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Kaoruko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iida
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D054392:Adipokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008820:Mice, Obese; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000378:metabolism*; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D007529:Isoflavones; D047495:PPAR gamma; C004742:daidzein
keywords: Adipokines; Daidzein; Diet-induced obesity; Inflammation; Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ