title: Upper body pain and functional disorders in patients with breast cancer.
abstract: Upper body pain and dysfunction are common in survivors of breast cancer. Disorders of the upper body can result directly from breast cancer or from the surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or hormonal therapies used in its treatment. Although considerable information is available regarding impairments such as pain and restricted shoulder range of motion associated with breast cancer and its treatment, relatively little information is available about the specific neuromuscular, musculoskeletal, lymphovascular, and other diagnostic entities that underlie those impairments. This article will detail the common and specific causes of upper body pain and dysfunction in breast cancer survivors, including postsurgical pain, rotator cuff disease, adhesive capsulitis, arthralgias, cervical radiculopathy, brachial plexopathy, mononeuropathy, postmastectomy pain syndrome, lymphedema, axillary web syndrome, deep vein thrombosis, and cellulitis. Diagnostic specificity is a key first step to safely and effectively restore function and quality of life to breast cancer survivors.
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Medicine Service, Sillerman Center for Rehabilitation, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 515 Madison Ave, 5th Floor, New York, NY 10022(∗). Electronic address: stubblem@mskcc.org.
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Stubblefield
authors.affiliation: 10264 E Rosemary Lane, Scottsdale, AZ(†).
authors.forename: Nandita
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Keole
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000503:physiopathology; D011788:Quality of Life