title: Serum lipid profile and correlates in newly presenting Nigerians with arterial hypertension.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia are modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. The multiplicative effect of these risk factors may worsen the atherogenic index of an individual. The objective of this study was to determine the pattern and prevalence of dyslipidemia in newly presenting Nigerians with arterial hypertension, as well as determine some of its correlates.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study compared 115 newly presenting, age- and sex-matched individuals with arterial hypertension with 115 normotensive individuals. Fasting lipids, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and fasting plasma glucose were estimated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with arterial hypertension had higher body mass index (t=7.64; P=0.000), TC (t=2.95; P=0.006), and HDL-C (t=-5.18; P=0.000). The most common dyslipidemia was low HDL-C, found in both the hypertensive (44.3%) and normotensive (20.9%) patients. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in hypertensives and controls was 64% and 39%, respectively. In hypertensive patients, TC correlated positively to diastolic blood pressure (r=0.218; P=0.0019). Other positive correlates include LDL-C and age (r=0.217; P=0.020) and fasting plasma glucose (r=0.202; P=0.030) and body mass index (r=0.209; P=0.025). Among normotensive controls, TC correlated positively with LDL-C (r=0.63; P=0.000) but correlated negatively with tri glycerides (r=-0.30; P=0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lipid abnormalities are common in newly presenting Nigerians with arterial hypertension. Screening of these risk factors, promotion of healthy lifestyle, and the institution of therapy is desirable to reduce their multiplicative effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Bida, Niger State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Umar G
authors.initials: UG
authors.lastname: Adamu
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, Federal Medical Centre, Bida, Niger State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Okuku
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Bida, Niger State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Clement O
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Oladele
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing Services, General Hospital, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Aisha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abdullahi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Bida, Niger State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Joanah I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Oduh
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Abidemi J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Fasae
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D062186:Arterial Pressure; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D044383:Black People; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008055:Lipids
keywords: atherogenic index; cardiovascular; healthy lifestyle; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; screening