title: Fish oil improves motor function, limits blood-brain barrier disruption, and reduces Mmp9 gene expression in a rat model of juvenile traumatic brain injury.
abstract: The effects of an oral fish oil treatment regimen on sensorimotor, blood-brain barrier, and biochemical outcomes of traumatic brain injury (TBI) were investigated in a juvenile rat model. Seventeen-day old Long-Evans rats were given a 15mL/kg fish oil (2.01g/kg EPA, 1.34g/kg DHA) or soybean oil dose via oral gavage 30min prior to being subjected to a controlled cortical impact injury or sham surgery, followed by daily doses for seven days. Fish oil treatment resulted in less severe hindlimb deficits after TBI as assessed with the beam walk test, decreased cerebral IgG infiltration, and decreased TBI-induced expression of the Mmp9 gene one day after injury. These results indicate that fish oil improved functional outcome after TBI resulting, at least in part from decreased disruption of the blood-brain barrier through a mechanism that includes attenuation of TBI-induced expression of Mmp9.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA. Electronic address: kristinlrussell@gmail.com.
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA. Electronic address: nberman@kumc.edu.
authors.forename: N E J
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Berman
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA. Electronic address: pragregg@gmail.com.
authors.forename: P R A
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Gregg
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA. Electronic address: blevant@kumc.edu.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Levant
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D016138:Walking
chemical_list: D005395:Fish Oils; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; C572337:Mmp9 protein, rat
keywords: Blood–brain barrier; Fish oil; Juvenile; Matrix metalloproteinase 9; Rat; Traumatic brain injury