title: Influence of APOE genotype on whole-brain functional networks in cognitively normal elderly.
abstract: This study aimed to investigate the influence of apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele on whole-brain functional networks in cognitively normal (CN) elderly by applying graph theoretical analysis to brain glucose metabolism. Eighty-six CN elderly [28 APOE ε4 carriers (ε4+) and 58 non-carriers (ε4-)] underwent clinical evaluation and resting [(18)F] fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scan. Whole-brain functional networks were constructed from correlations of the 90 regions of interest using the automated anatomical labeling template, and analyzed using graph theoretical approaches. The overall small-world property seen in ε4- was preserved in ε4+. However, both local clustering and path length were lower in ε4+ compared to ε4-. In terms of the hubs of functional networks, ε4+ showed decreased centrality of the right hippocampus but increased centrality of several brain regions associated with the default mode network compared to ε4-. Our results indicate that genetic vulnerability to Alzheimer's disease may alter whole-brain functional networks even before clinical symptoms appear.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea ; Interdisciplinary Program of Cognitive Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Hyun
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea ; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ; Interdisciplinary Program of Cognitive Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Young
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jun-Sung
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea ; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Bo Kyung
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea ; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Choe
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea ; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Min Soo
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Byun
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea ; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyo Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea ; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ; Interdisciplinary Program of Cognitive Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Inn
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Woo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000235:genetics*; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D003071:Cognition; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011859:Radiography
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E