title: Can uterine artery Doppler parameters predict copper intrauterine device-induced side effects?
abstract: OBJECTIVES To evaluate the predictive value of uterine artery Doppler characteristics in predicting copper intrauterine device (IUD)-induced side effects such as dysmenorrhoea and menorrhagia, and worsening of dyspareunia. METHODS One hundred and twenty regularly menstruating women were enrolled in the study. All underwent transvaginal uterine artery Doppler analysis in the early follicular phase, on two occasions: before insertion of the IUD, and six months after insertion. Pre- and post-insertion resistance (RI) and pulsatility (PI) indices of the uterine arteries were measured. Doppler parameters were compared between subjects experiencing an increase in IUD-mediated side effects and those reporting no change. RESULTs RI and PI of all participants before and after IUD insertion were not significantly different (0.75 ± 0.06 vs. 0.74 ± 0.09, p = 0.49; 1.81 ± 0.55 vs. 1.83 ± 0.70, p = 0.7, respectively). No significant difference was found in the comparison of pre- and post-insertion PI and RI values of women who had increased- and those who experienced no change in dysmenorrhoea, dyspareunia and duration/amount of menstruation. CONCLUSIONS No major changes in uterine blood flow were observed in women experiencing increased menstrual bleeding, dyspareunia or dysmenorrhoea after insertion of a copper IUD. The occurrence of these effects cannot be predicted by prior Doppler flow analysis.
authors.affiliation: * Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Elazig Training and Research Hospital , Elazig , Turkey.
authors.forename: Ilknur
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mutlu
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Demir
authors.forename: Mehmet Firat
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Mutlu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004412:Dysmenorrhea / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D004414:Dyspareunia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007435:Intrauterine Devices, Copper / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008595:Menorrhagia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011673:Pulsatile Flow; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler; D055988:Uterine Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014655:Vascular Resistance; D055815:Young Adult