title: European Oncology Nursing Society breakthrough cancer pain guidelines.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The overall aim of the project was to update and inform nurses of current best practice based on previously published literature to enable nurses to assess and manage breakthrough cancer pain (BTCP) and thereby to provide optimal management of BTCP.
  
  
  METHODS
  The EONS started a project in 2010 by recruiting a working group and a multidisciplinary advisory board to develop guidelines with the purpose of helping oncology nurses understand and recognise BTCP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This paper presents and overview of the guideline. Key recommendations include; using an algorithm for assessment of BTCP, individualise treatment interventions, optimization of analgesia and reassessment of outcomes of interventions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  By implementing the EONS guidelines nurses will utilise the latest available knowledge in clinical practice and the understanding and management of BTCP will improve assessment and overall management of breakthrough pain in cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Science and Society, Division of Nursing, Huddinge, Sweden. Electronic address: Yvonne.wengstrom@ki.se.
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wengström
authors.affiliation: University Medical Centre Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jenske
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Geerling
authors.affiliation: Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Department of Research and Development, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Norway; Lovisenberg Diaconal University College, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Tone
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rustøen
mesh_terms: D059390:Breakthrough Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000451:nursing* / Q000628:therapy; D005060:Europe; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000451:nursing; D009859:Oncology Nursing / Q000592:standards*; D059408:Pain Management / Q000592:standards*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012956:Societies, Nursing / Q000592:standards; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Assessment; Breakthrough cancer pain; Evidence-based; Guideline; Management