title: Stem cells and stem cell-derived tissues and their use in safety assessment.
abstract: Toxicology has long relied on animal models in a tedious approach to understanding risk of exposure to an uncharacterized molecule. Stem cell-derived tissues can be made in high purity, quality, and quantity to enable a new approach to this problem. Currently, stem cell-derived tissues are primarily "generic" genetic backgrounds; the future will see the integration of various genetic backgrounds and complex three-dimensional models to create truly unique in vitro organoids. This minireview focuses on the state of the art of a number of stem cell-derived tissues and details their application in toxicology.
authors.affiliation: From Cellular Dynamics International, Montclair, New Jersey 07042.
authors.forename: Kyle
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kolaja
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D023822:Tissue Engineering
keywords: Cardiovascular; Drug Development; Drug Discovery; Embryonic Stem Cell; Hepatocyte; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells; Neurons; Stem Cells; Toxicology