title: The effect of a diode laser and traditional irrigants on the bond strength of self-adhesive cement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of a diode laser and traditional irrigants on the bond strength of self-adhesive cement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-five incisors extracted due to periodontal problems were used. All teeth were instrumented using a set of rotary root canal instruments. The post spaces were enlarged for a No.14 (diameter, 1.4 mm) Snowlight (Abrasive technology, OH, USA) glass fiber reinforced composite post with matching drill. The teeth were randomly divided into 5 experimental groups of 11 teeth each. The post spaces were treated with the followings: Group 1: 5 mL 0.9% physiological saline; Group 2: 5 mL 5.25% sodium hypochlorite; Group 3: 5 mL 17% ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA), Group 4: 37% orthophosphoric acid and Group 5: Photodynamic diode laser irradiation for 1 minute after application of light-active dye solution. Snowlight posts were luted with self-adhesive resin cement. Each root was sectioned perpendicular to its long axis to create 1 mm thick specimens. The push-out bond strength test method was used to measure bond strength. One tooth from each group was processed for scanning electron microscopic analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BOND STRENGTH VALUES WERE AS FOLLOW: Group 1 = 4.15 MPa; Group 2 = 3.00 MPa; Group 3 = 4.45 MPa; Group 4 = 6.96 MPa; and Group 5 = 8.93 MPa. These values were analysed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey honestly significant difference test (P<.05). Significantly higher bond strength values were obtained with the diode laser and orthophosphoric acid (P<.05). There were no differences found between the other groups (P>.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Orthophosphoric acid and EDTA were more effective methods for removing the smear layer than the diode laser. However, the diode laser and orthophosphoric acid were more effective at the cement dentin interface than the EDTA, Therefore, modifying the smear layer may be more effective when a self-adhesive system is used.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Necmettin Erbakan, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ali Riza
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Tuncdemir
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Gaziantep, Gaziantep, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cihan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yildirim
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Erhan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ozcan
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Gazi, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Serdar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Polat
keywords: Bond strength; Diode laser; Fiber post; Smear layer