title: The pathogenesis of keratoconus.
abstract: Keratoconus (KC) is a common degenerative condition that frequently results in visual loss with an onset typically in early adulthood. It is the single most common reason for keratoplasty in the developed world. The cause and underlying pathological mechanism are unknown, but both environmental and genetic factors are thought to contribute to the development of the disease. Various strategies have been employed to address the gap in our understanding of this complex disease, with the expectation that over time more sophisticated therapies will be developed. In this review we summarise our current knowledge of the aetiology and risk factors associated with KC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ocular Biology and Therapeutics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.affiliation: Cardiff Centre for Vision Sciences, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.affiliation: Department of Ocular Biology and Therapeutics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Hardcastle
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Ocular Biology and Therapeutics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK [2] Corneal Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Tuft
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D003315:Cornea / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007640:Keratoconus / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D040901:Proteomics; D012307:Risk Factors