title: Role of E-selectin and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 in gastritis in food allergy patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prevalence of food allergies and other allergic reactions is increasing worldwide, particularly in highly-urbanized populations. Cell adhesion molecules are expressed in response to various pro-inflammatory cytokines. The expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 - ICAM-1 (CD54), ICAM-1 (CD106), P-selectin (CD62P), and E-selectin (CD62E) on vascular endothelial cells is induced by such pro-inflammatory cytokines as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 (IL-1).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To analyze concentrations of E-selectin and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) in patients with an allergic type of food sensitivity co-existing with gastritis and to compare them to the values determined in individuals with dyspeptic symptoms not associated with allergic disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 80 patients, among them 50 individuals with food sensitivity confirmed based on compulsory standards, and 30 subjects with dyspeptic symptoms not accompanied by allergic conditions. Venous blood samples were taken from each patient and concentrations of E-selectin and PECAM-1 were determined by means of ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean concentrations of sE-selectin and sPECAM-1 in patients with food allergy amounted to 54.0 ±21.6 ng/ml and 132.8 ±31.4 ng/ml, respectively. In individuals without food allergy, mean concentrations of sE-selectin and sPECAM-1 were 57.7 ±17.9 ng/ml and 139.6 ±31.1 ng/ml, respectively. Patients with food allergy and individuals with dyspeptic symptoms not associated with food allergy did not differ significantly in terms of sE-selectin concentrations (Mann-Whitney U-test, p = 0.453028). Similarly, no significant intergroup differences were observed with regard to sPECAM-1 concentrations (Mann-Whitney U-test, p = 0.231054).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adhesion molecules play an important role in the development of inflammation. This study did not find significant differences in the concentrations of such molecules as sE-selectin and sPECAM-1 between patients with food allergy and gastritis, and subjects in whom gastritis was not accompanied by atopic disorders. A positive correlation between the concentrations of sPECAM-1 and E-selectin was observed in food allergy patients. Consequently, it can be concluded that these molecules participate in the pathogenesis of the inflammatory process independently of the etiopathogenesis of gastritis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum , Nicolaus Copernicus University, Dr. J. Biziel Memorial University Hospital No. 2, Bydgoszcz, Poland. Head of Department: Prof. Zbigniew Bartuzi MD, PhD.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Graczyk
authors.affiliation: Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum , Nicolaus Copernicus University, Dr. J. Biziel Memorial University Hospital No. 2, Bydgoszcz, Poland. Head of Department: Prof. Zbigniew Bartuzi MD, PhD.
authors.forename: Michał
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Przybyszewski
authors.affiliation: Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum , Nicolaus Copernicus University, Dr. J. Biziel Memorial University Hospital No. 2, Bydgoszcz, Poland. Head of Department: Prof. Zbigniew Bartuzi MD, PhD.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kuźmiński
authors.affiliation: Emergency Medicine Department, Dr. J. Biziel Memorial University Hospital No. 2, Bydgoszcz, Poland. Head of Department: Jacek Tlappa MD, PhD.
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tlappa
authors.affiliation: Emergency Medicine Department, Dr. J. Biziel Memorial University Hospital No. 2, Bydgoszcz, Poland. Head of Department: Jacek Tlappa MD, PhD.
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mućka
authors.affiliation: Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum , Nicolaus Copernicus University, Dr. J. Biziel Memorial University Hospital No. 2, Bydgoszcz, Poland. Head of Department: Prof. Zbigniew Bartuzi MD, PhD.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Napiórkowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum , Nicolaus Copernicus University, Dr. J. Biziel Memorial University Hospital No. 2, Bydgoszcz, Poland. Head of Department: Prof. Zbigniew Bartuzi MD, PhD.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Szynkiewicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum , Nicolaus Copernicus University, Dr. J. Biziel Memorial University Hospital No. 2, Bydgoszcz, Poland. Head of Department: Prof. Zbigniew Bartuzi MD, PhD.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zbikowska-Gotz
authors.affiliation: Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum , Nicolaus Copernicus University, Dr. J. Biziel Memorial University Hospital No. 2, Bydgoszcz, Poland. Head of Department: Prof. Zbigniew Bartuzi MD, PhD.
authors.forename: Zbigniew
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bartuzi
keywords: food allergy; gastritis; sE-selectin; sPECAM-1