title: Superoxide dismutase1 levels in North Indian population with age-related macular degeneration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to estimate the levels of superoxide dismutase1 (SOD1) in patients of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and examine the role of oxidative stress, smoking, hypertension, and other factors involved in the pathogenesis of AMD.
  
  
  METHODS
  115 AMD patients and 61 healthy controls were recruited for this study. Serum SOD1 levels were determined by ELISA and were correlated to various risk factors. Logistic regression model of authenticity, by considering SOD1 as independent variable, has been developed along with ROC curve.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The SOD1 levels were significantly higher in AMD patients as compared to those of the controls. The difference was not significant for wet and dry AMD. However, the difference was significant between wet AMD subtypes. Nonsignificance of the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit statistic (χ(2) = 10.516, df = 8, P = 0.231) indicates the appropriateness of logistic regression model to predict AMD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oxidative stress in AMD patients may mount compensatory response resulting in increased levels of SOD1 in AMD patients. To predict the risk of AMD on the basis of SOD1, a logistic regression model shows authenticity of 78%, and area under the ROC curve (0.827, P = .0001) with less standard error of 0.033 coupled with 95% confidence interval of 0.762-0.891 further validates the model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Akshay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anand
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Neel K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, India.
authors.forename: Amod
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Sudesh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Prabhakar
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
authors.forename: Suresh K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, India.
authors.forename: Ramandeep
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003710:Demography; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D016015:Logistic Models; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000097:blood* / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012372:ROC Curve; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood*; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1
chemical_list: C000606290:SOD1 protein, human; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1