title: CD4(+) cell count, viral load, and drug resistance patterns among heterosexual breakthrough HIV infections in a study of oral preexposure prophylaxis.
abstract: We examined CD4 cell count and plasma viral load patterns among Botswana TDF/FTC Oral HIV Prophylaxis Trial (TDF2 study) participants who seroconverted, comparing participants assigned to receive tenofovir/emtricitabine with participants assigned to receive placebo. We also evaluated for antiretroviral drug resistance among the breakthrough HIV infections. Among nine seroconverters assigned to tenofovir/emtricitabine and 24 to placebo, there were no significant differences in their CD4 cell count or viral load profiles over time. Of the four participants who seroconverted on-study while receiving tenofovir/emtricitabine, none became infected as a result of drug-resistant HIV; moreover, no resistance mutations emerged following seroconversion.
authors.affiliation: aCDC-BOTUSA, Gaborone, Botswana bDivision of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: Lovemore I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Chirwa
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Richard W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Niska
authors.forename: Tebogo M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Segolodi
authors.forename: Faith L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.forename: Charles E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: Jin-Fen
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Michael C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Thigpen
authors.forename: Onkabetse
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Matlhaba
authors.forename: Lynn A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Paxton
authors.forename: John T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Brooks
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001902:Botswana / Q000453:epidemiology; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D018890:Chemoprevention / Q000379:methods*; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D000068679:Emtricitabine; D006678:HIV / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D020010:Heterosexuality; D006801:Humans; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010949:Plasma / Q000821:virology; D056990:Post-Exposure Prophylaxis / Q000379:methods*; D000068698:Tenofovir; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D063065:Organophosphonates; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D000068698:Tenofovir; D000068679:Emtricitabine; D000225:Adenine