title: Accuracy of traditional and novel serology tests for predicting cross-protection in foot-and-mouth disease vaccinated cattle.
abstract: Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) antigenic-match between vaccine and field viruses has traditionally been estimated in vitro by computing the r1 value using virus neutralization test (VNT) or ELISA titers. In this study we compared the accuracy in predicting cross-protection between the r1 value estimated by VNT and two recently developed tests that measure IgG subtypes and avidity. Data analyzed consisted of 64 serum samples from FMDV A24/Cruzeiro vaccinated bovines challenged with the heterologous A/Argentina/2001 strain and evaluated for podal generalization. We computed the tests sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), and receiving operating characteristics (ROC) curve. The heterologous IgG1/IgG2 ratio was the most accurate test (Se=0.71, Sp=0.98), followed by heterologous IgG1 (Se=0.53, Sp=0.96), VNT (Se=0.47, Sp=1.00), whereas r1 accuracy was substantially low (Se=0.41, Sp=0.81). Because sensitivity of individual tests was limited, we argue that two or more of the tests should be used in combination to produce accurate estimates of protection.
authors.affiliation: Center for Animal Diseases Modeling and Surveillance, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Bárbara Patricia
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Brito
authors.affiliation: Center for Animal Diseases Modeling and Surveillance, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Andrés Maximiliano
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.affiliation: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; INTA, Instituto de Virología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Electronic address: acapozzo@cnia.inta.gov.ar.
authors.forename: Alejandra Victoria
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Capozzo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D000915:Antibody Affinity; D000917:Antibody Formation; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D056738:Cross Protection; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary*; D005536:Foot-and-Mouth Disease / Q000517:prevention & control; D029544:Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D009500:Neutralization Tests / Q000662:veterinary*; D012372:ROC Curve; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D014765:Viral Vaccines
keywords: Cattle; Foot-and-mouth disease; Serology; Vaccine matching