title: [Non-pharmacological steps for the treatment of acute confusional syndrome in the intensive care unit].
abstract: The incidence of delirium in intensive care units is high and it has been under-diagnosed and under-treated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the experiences of ICU nurses in the identification and application of non-pharmacological treatments.
  
  
  METHODS
  A qualitative phenomenological research study was performed, based on focus groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  ICU nurses with one year of more of experience were included. Sample Purpose and snowball technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from the focus groups were transcribed for analysis and a thematic analysis of the texts was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four themes were identified: a) the physical and social structure of the ICU b) family involvement, c) need for training of health professionals, and d) encouraging the sleep-wake cycle.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is necessary to control the ICU environment to make it more friendly, to change the routine work to promote relaxation, implement training activities and to make visiting hours flexible.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, España. Electronic address: miguel.cachon@gmail.com.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Cachón-Pérez
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alvarez-López
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Palacios-Ceña
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D003693:Delirium / Q000451:nursing* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008297:Male; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013577:Syndrome; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Critical care; Cuidados críticos; Delirio; Delirium; Non-pharmacological treatment; Tratamiento no farmacológico