title: Ultraviolet-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy techniques are important diagnostic tools during the progression of atherosclerosis: diet zinc supplementation retarded or delayed atherosclerosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In this study, we examined whether UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy techniques detect the progression of atherosclerosis in serum of rabbits fed on high-cholesterol diet (HCD) and HCD supplemented with zinc (HCD + Zn) compared with the control.
  
  
  METHODS
  The control rabbits group was fed on 100 g/day of normal diet. The HCD group was fed on Purina Certified Rabbit Chow supplemented with 1.0% cholesterol plus 1.0% olive oil (100 g/day) for the same period. The HCD + Zn group was fed on normal Purina Certified Rabbit Chow plus 1.0% cholesterol and 1.0% olive oil supplemented with 470 ppm Zn for the same feeding period. UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy and biochemistry in Rabbit's blood serum and blood hematology were measured in Rabbit's blood.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that the fluorescent peak of HCD shifted toward UV-visible wavelength compared with the control using fluorescent excitation of serum at 192 nm. In addition, they showed that supplementation of zinc (350 ppm) restored the fluorescent peak closely to the control. By using UV-visible spectroscopy approach, we found that the peak absorbance of HCD (about 280 nm) was higher than that of control and that zinc supplementation seemed to decrease the absorbance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that ultraviolet-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy techniques can be applied as noninvasive techniques on a sample blood serum for diagnosing or detecting the progression of atherosclerosis. The Zn supplementation to rabbits fed on HCD delays or retards the progression of atherosclerosis. Inducing anemia in rabbits fed on HCD delays the progression of atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohamed Anwar K
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Abdelhalim
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, College of Science, Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, P.O. Box 90950, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia ; Biochemistry Department, Biophysics group, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: Sherif A Abdelmottaleb
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Moussa
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Yanallah Hussain
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Al-Mohy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet / Q000379:methods; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D018450:Disease Progression; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet / Q000379:methods; D015032:Zinc / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002784:Cholesterol; D015032:Zinc