title: Morphological, biochemical, histological, and ultrastructural protective effects of misoprostol on cisplatin induced-hepatotoxicity in adult male rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the possible protective effect of misoprostol on cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four-equal sized groups (control, cisplatin-treated, misoprostol-treated, combined misoprostol, and cisplatin-treated) adult male Wistar rats (6 each) were used in this study. Body weight, liver weight, and liver weight/body weight ratio was calculated. Blood samples were obtained from the hearts of rats to determine the levels of total serum bilirubin (TSB), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and albumin. Liver specimens were prepared for both light and electron microscopes. The study was carried out between June 2012 and April 2013 at the Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt, and the Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A single cisplatin dose (7.5 mg/kg intraperitoneally) resulted in significant elevation of AST, ALT, and TSB serum levels, and a significant reduction of serum albumin level, body weight, liver weight, and liver weight/body weight ratio. A combination of misoprostol (200 ug/kg/day) with cisplatin improved most of the previous parameters. Examination of specimens by both light and electron microscopes revealed pericentral hepatic necrosis, periportal fibrosis, dilatation, and congestion of central vein and blood sinusoids, diminished glycogen content, degenerated mitochondria, vesicular dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum, and nuclear changes in cisplatin-treated rats. Oral intake of misoprostol with cisplatin improved many of these changes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that misoprostol may have a protective effect on cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80205, Jeddah 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Tel. +966 (12) 6400000 Ext. 20447. Fax. +966 (12) 6400000 Ext. 20121. E-mail: ashrafnaeem2013@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ashraf Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Nasr
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008297:Male; D016595:Misoprostol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D016595:Misoprostol; D002945:Cisplatin