title: Effects of chlorogenic acid, caffeine, and coffee on behavioral and biochemical parameters of diabetic rats.
abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with brain alterations that may contribute to cognitive dysfunctions. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) and caffeine (CA), abundant in coffee (CF), are natural compounds that have showed important actions in the brain. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of CGA, CA, and CF on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), Na(+), K(+)-ATPase, aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D) activities and TBARS levels from cerebral cortex, as well as memory and anxiety in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Animals were divided into eight groups (n = 5-10): control; control/CGA 5 mg/kg; control/CA 15 mg/kg; control/CF 0.5 g/kg; diabetic; diabetic/CGA 5 mg/kg; diabetic/CA 15 mg/kg; and diabetic/CF 0.5 g/kg. Our results demonstrated an increase in AChE activity and TBARS levels in cerebral cortex, while δ-ALA-D and Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activities were decreased in the diabetic rats when compared to control water group. Furthermore, a memory deficit and an increase in anxiety in diabetic rats were observed. The treatment with CGA and CA prevented the increase in AChE activity in diabetic rats when compared to the diabetic water group. CGA, CA, and CF intake partially prevented cerebral δ-ALA-D and Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity decrease due to diabetes. Moreover, CGA prevented diabetes-induced TBARS production, improved memory, and decreased anxiety. In conclusion, among the compounds studied CGA proved to be a compound which acts better in the prevention of brain disorders promoted by DM.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, University Campus, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Naiara
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Stefanello
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schmatz
authors.forename: Luciane Belmonte
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: Maribel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rubin
authors.forename: João Batista Teixeira
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: da Rocha
authors.forename: Graziela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Facco
authors.forename: Maria Ester
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: Cinthia Melazzo de Andrade
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Mazzanti
authors.forename: Sabina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Passamonti
authors.forename: Marília Valvassori
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: Fabiano Barbosa
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Michelle Melgarejo
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: da Rosa
authors.forename: Jessie Martins
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gutierres
authors.forename: Andréia Machado
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.forename: Vera Maria
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Morsch
authors.forename: Maria Rosa Chitolina
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Schetinger
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000818:Animals; D001007:Anxiety / Q000188:drug therapy; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003069:Coffee; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy; D000623:Porphobilinogen Synthase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013311:Streptozocin; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003069:Coffee; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid; D002110:Caffeine; D013311:Streptozocin; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D000623:Porphobilinogen Synthase; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase