title: Low plasma leptin in cognitively impaired ADNI subjects: gender differences and diagnostic and therapeutic potential.
abstract: Analysis of data derived from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) program showed plasma leptin levels in individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer's disease (AD) to be lower than those of subjects with normal cognition (NC). Approximately 70% of both men and women with MCI have plasma leptin levels lower than the median values of NC. Additionally, half of these subjects carry at least one apolipoprotein-E4 (APOE-ε4) allele. A subgroup of participants also had cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leptin measured. Plasma leptin typically reflected the levels of leptin in CSF in all groups (Control/MCI/AD) in both genders. The data suggest that plasma leptin deficiency provides an indication of potential CNS leptin deficiency, further supporting the exploration of plasma leptin as a diagnostic marker for MCI or AD. The important question is whether leptin deficiency plays a role in the causation of AD and/or its progression. If this is the case, individuals with early AD or MCI with low plasma leptin may benefit from leptin replacement therapy. Thus, these data indicate that trials of leptin in low leptin MCI/early-stage AD patients should be conducted to test the hypothesis.
authors.forename: Jane M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.forename: William T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Fardo
authors.forename: Steven J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Greco
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Perry
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Montine
authors.forename: John Q
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Trojanowski
authors.forename: Leslie M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: J Wesson
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Ashford
authors.affiliation: Neurotez, Inc., 991 Highway 22, Suite 200A, Bridgewater, New Jersey 08807, USA. ntezapsidis@neurotez.com.
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tezapsidis
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D016208:Databases, Factual / Q000639:trends; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D012727:Sex Characteristics
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D020738:Leptin