title: Association between inflammatory markers, hemostatic markers, and traditional risk factors on coronary artery spasm in patients with normal coronary angiography.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Coronary artery spasm is an important pathophysiological mechanism in some forms of myocardial ischemic disease. The relationship between inflammatory markers, mean platelet volume (MPV), and coronary artery spasm is unclear.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During coronary angiography, methylergometrin was injected intravenously to 345 patients with chest pain but without significant coronary disease on angiogram to provoke coronary artery spasm. Based on provocation test results, patients were divided into 2 groups: spasm group (60 patients) and nonspasm group (285 patients). Inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, CRP; white blood cells; polymorphonuclear neutrophils, PMN; monocytes, MO; lymphocytes, LY), hemostasis markers (MPV; platelet count; fibrinogen [FIB]; D-dimers), and traditional risk factors (body mass index; hyperlipidemia; triglycerides [TGs]; total, low-density, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C]) were measured and compared between groups. More male patients experienced spasm (23.56% vs. 11.11%, P = 0.002). CRP, PMN, and MO were significantly higher in the spasm group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in serum levels of LDL-C, HDL-C, TG, TC, LY, MPV, and FIB between groups. Smoking and hyperlipidemia were more common among patients with spasm; males more frequently were smokers (58.04% vs. 46.78%, P = 0.041). By multivariate analysis, smoking, PMN, and MO were significantly associated with coronary artery spasm with odds ratios of 3.52 (95% CI 1.79-6.90, P = 0.0001), 1.21 (95% CI 1.07-1.46, P = 0.04), and 5.35 (95% CI 1.37-21.07, P = 0.01), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inflammation may partake in the pathogenesis of coronary artery spasm. Smoking, PMN count, and MO count appear to be clinical risk factors for coronary artery spasm. Conversely, coronary artery spasm does not seem to be associated with abnormalities in thrombogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Ailiman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mahemuti
authors.forename: Kailibinuer
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abudureheman
authors.forename: Francois
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schiele
authors.forename: Fiona
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ecarnot
authors.forename: Shajidan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abudureyimu
authors.forename: Baopen
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Halmurat
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Upur
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Meneveau
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003329:Coronary Vasospasm / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D006487:Hemostasis; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D008297:Male; D063847:Mean Platelet Volume; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers