title: Near-infrared laser adjuvant for influenza vaccine.
abstract: Safe and effective immunologic adjuvants are often essential for vaccines. However, the choice of adjuvant for licensed vaccines is limited, especially for those that are administered intradermally. We show that non-tissue damaging, near-infrared (NIR) laser light given in short exposures to small areas of skin, without the use of additional chemical or biological agents, significantly increases immune responses to intradermal influenza vaccination without augmenting IgE. The NIR laser-adjuvanted vaccine confers increased protection in a murine influenza lethal challenge model as compared to unadjuvanted vaccine. We show that NIR laser treatment induces the expression of specific chemokines in the skin resulting in recruitment and activation of dendritic cells and is safe to use in both mice and humans. The NIR laser adjuvant technology provides a novel, safe, low-cost, simple-to-use, potentially broadly applicable and clinically feasible approach to enhancing vaccine efficacy as an alternative to chemical and biological adjuvants.
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kashiwagi
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jianping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Forbes
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Mathew L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Hibert
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Eugene L Q
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Whicher
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Calum
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Goudie
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Beth
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Edelblute
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Collette
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Laurel
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Edington
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Trussler
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nezivar
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leblanc
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Roderick
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bronson
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physics and Physico-Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio Universtiy, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama-city, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsukada
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suematsu
authors.affiliation: SkinCare Physicians of Chestnut Hill, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetss, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dover
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Brauns
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gelfand
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Mark C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Poznansky
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D009980:Influenza A virus; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007259:Infrared Rays; D007834:Lasers; D051379:Mice; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012867:Skin / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D007252:Influenza Vaccines