title: Biodegradable human serum albumin nanoparticles as contrast agents for the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma by magnetic resonance imaging.
abstract: Tumor visualization by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and nanoparticle-based contrast agents may improve the imaging of solid tumors such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In particular, human serum albumin (HSA) nanoparticles appear to be a suitable carrier due to their safety and feasibility of functionalization. In the present study HSA nanoparticles were conjugated with gadolinium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA) using carbodiimide chemistry. The nanoparticles had a uniform spherical shape and a diameter of 235±19nm. For better optical visualization in vitro and in vivo, the HSA-Gd nanoparticles were additionally labeled with rhodamine 123. As shown by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry analysis, the fluorescent nanoparticles were readily taken up by Huh-7 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. After 24h incubation in blood serum, less than 5% of the Gd(III) was released from the particles, which suggests that this nanoparticulate system may be stable in vivo and, therefore, may serve as potentially safe T1 MRI contrast agent for MRI of hepatocellular carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Waralee
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Watcharin
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schmithals
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pleli
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Verena
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Köberle
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Hüdayi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Korkusuz
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Huebner
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zeuzem
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Hans W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Korf
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Vogl
authors.affiliation: Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rittmeyer
authors.affiliation: Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Terfort
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Albrecht
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piiper
authors.affiliation: Nanosystem Ltd, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Svetlana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gelperina
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany. Electronic address: Kreuter@em.uni-frankfurt.de.
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kreuter
mesh_terms: D000418:Albumins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003287:Contrast Media; D012709:Serum Albumin; C058946:albumin-(gadolinium-DTPA); D019786:Gadolinium DTPA
keywords: Gd-DTPA; Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); Human serum albumin; Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); Nanoparticles; Rhodamine 123