title: Endothelial nitric oxide synthase polymorphism influences renal allograft outcome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Atherosclerotic lesions within the graft are considered to be a major cause of interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy (IF/TA). We evaluated the factors that influence the development of IF/TA and three- and five-yr graft survival including nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and angiotensin II type 1 and type 2 receptor gene polymorphism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-one male and 35 female patients (age: 34.9 ± 11.2 yr) who underwent living-related renal transplantation were included. Angiotensin type 1 and type 2 receptor gene polymorphisms and eNOS intron 4 gene polymorphism were analyzed. The pre- and post-transplant laboratory data, patient characteristics, acute rejection episodes, and presence of IF/TA were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with the bb allele of eNOS gene had a lower prevalence of post-transplant third year (12.6% and 38.5%, p = 0.005) and fifth year IF/TA (46.6% and 82.3%, p = 0.02) and a lower incidence of five-yr graft failure (35.4% and 55.6%, p < 0.005). The eNOS gene polymorphism was independent and was the most prominent factor associated with third and fifth year IF/TA (p = 0.01, RR: 29.72, and p = 0.03, RR: 4.1, respectively). No significant relationship existed when angiotensin II gene polymorphisms were considered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We concluded that recipient eNOS gene polymorphism can predict IF/TA, and the presence of the bb allele is associated with better graft outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Murathan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uyar
authors.forename: Siren
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sezer
authors.forename: Fatma Nurhan
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Ozdemir
authors.forename: Eyup
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kulah
authors.forename: Zubeyde
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Arat
authors.forename: Fatma Belgin
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Atac
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haberal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005838:Genotype; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 / Q000235:genetics; D044139:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D044139:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; C496314:NOS3 protein, human; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III
keywords: eNos gene polymorphism; interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy; renal transplantation