title: [Effects of glutamine combined with ulinastatin on inflammatory response of patients with severe burn injury].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the effects of glutamine combined with ulinastatin on inflammatory response of patients with severe burn injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty patients with severe burn injury admitted to our burn wards from January 2010 to December 2011 conforming to the study criteria were divided into control group (C, n = 20), glutamine group (G, n = 20), and glutamine combined with ulinastatin group (G + U, n = 20) according to the random number table. Another 10 healthy volunteers were chosen as normal control group (NC). Isonitrogenous and isocaloric nutrition supports were given to patients in groups C, G, and G + U from post burn day (PBD) 2. 0.3 g/kg protein in the form of glutamine dipeptide was given to patients in group G for 10 days. 0.3 g/kg protein was given to patients in group G + U for 10 days with the same amount of glutamine dipeptide as that in group G, followed by intravenous injection of 100 kU ulinastatin (once per 8 hours) for 7 days during 10 days. The nitrogen concentration of 24 h urine was determined with Kieldahl nitrogen determination method, and nitrogen balance was calculated one day before treatment and ten days after treatment. Meanwhile, the levels of D-lactate in serum was determined by colorimetric method, the levels of diamine oxidase (DAO), TNF-α, and IL-6 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and LPS level by kinetic turbidimetric assay with TAL. Above-mentioned indexes were also examined in group NC. The wound healing rate on PBD 30, total hospital stay days, and the incidence of burn sepsis of all burn patients were recorded. Data were processed with one-way analysis of variance, LSD test, t test, and chi-square test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with that in group C [(-5.40 ± 1.67) g/d], nitrogen balance in group G was significantly increased ten days after treatment [(-1.35 ± 0.59) g/d, P < 0.01]. The serum levels of D-lactate, DAO, LPS, TNF-α, and IL-6 in group G ten days after treatment were significantly lower than those in group C (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). No statistically significant difference was observed in nitrogen balance and the serum levels of D-lactate, DAO between group G + U and group G (P values all above 0.05). The serum levels of LPS, TNF-α, and IL-6 in group G + U ten days after treatment were respectively (0.167 ± 0.064) EU/mL, (43 ± 14) pg/mL, (139 ± 23) pg/mL, which were significantly lower than those in group G [(0.240 ± 0.079) EU/mL, (59 ± 8) pg/mL, (195 ± 31) pg/mL, respectively, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01]. The would healing rate on PBD 30 and total hospital stay days in group G were respectively higher and shorter than those in group C (P values all below 0.01), but no statistically significant difference in the incidence of burn sepsis was found between them (P > 0.05). The would healing rate on PBD 30 in group G+U [(96 ± 4)%] was enhanced, and total hospital stay days [(41 ± 4) d] were lowered than those in group G [(88 ± 7)%, (49 ± 5)d, P values all below 0.01]. The incidence of burn sepsis of patients in group G + U (5%) was significantly lower than that in group C (35%, χ(2) = 6.234, P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Glutamine combined with ulinastatin treatment can alleviate damage to intestine after severe burn injury, lower the serum level of inflammatory cytokines, promote wound healing, and reduce the incidence of burn sepsis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the 97th Hospital of PLA, Xuzhou 221004, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the 97th Hospital of PLA, Xuzhou 221004, China.
authors.forename: Liang-xi
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the 97th Hospital of PLA, Xuzhou 221004, China.
authors.forename: Yi-fang
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the 97th Hospital of PLA, Xuzhou 221004, China.
authors.forename: Shu-guang
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the 97th Hospital of PLA, Xuzhou 221004, China.
authors.forename: Xue-fei
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the 97th Hospital of PLA, Xuzhou 221004, China.
authors.forename: Xiang-dong
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the 97th Hospital of PLA, Xuzhou 221004, China.
authors.forename: Pan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002056:Burns / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D005973:Glutamine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D014945:Wound Healing; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006023:Glycoproteins; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D005973:Glutamine; D019344:Lactic Acid; C028665:urinastatin