title: Urogenital fistulae in India: results of a retrospective analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review our experience with urogenital fistulae with respect to etiology and management.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis of electronic records from January 2004 to June 2011.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis of electronic records of all urogenital fistulae presenting to our institution from January 2004 to June 2011 was undertaken. Etiology, presentation, management, and outcome of these cases were noted and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 210 cases were identified, with vesicovaginal fistulae being the most common. The etiology was predominantly gynecological (58.6%) with laparoscopic assisted hysterectomy seeming to play an increasingly important role. Success rates of more than 90% were achieved in all cases, even in complex fistulae. No factors predicting successful repair were identified. Laparoscopic repair was successful in well-selected cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The etiology of urogenital fistulae in India seems to be changing to one in line with developed countries. High success rates are possible even in complex cases.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Urology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.
authors.forename: Vivek
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Venkatramani
authors.forename: Rajaian
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shanmugasundaram
authors.forename: Nitin Sudhakar
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Kekre
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D007194:India; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014548:Urinary Fistula / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D002577:Uterine Cervical Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D014719:Vesicovaginal Fistula / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D055815:Young Adult