title: Pregnancy and post-delivery maternal weight changes and overweight in preschool children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  High maternal weight before and during pregnancy contributes to child obesity. To assess the additional role of weight change after delivery, we examined associations between pre- and post-pregnancy weight changes and preschooler overweight.
  
  
  METHODS
  
  
  
  METHODS
  4359 children from the Children and Young Adults of the 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) born to 2816 NLSY mothers between 1979 and 2006 and followed to age 4-5years old.
  
  
  METHODS
  gestational weight gain (GWG) and post-delivery maternal weight change (PDWC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  child overweight (body mass index (BMI) ≥85th percentile).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adjusted models suggested that both increased GWG (OR: 1.08 per 5kg GWG, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.16) and excessive GWG (OR: 1.29 versus adequate GWG, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.56) were associated with preschooler overweight. Maternal weight change after delivery was also independently associated with child overweight (OR: 1.12 per 5kg PDWC, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.21). Associations were stronger among children with overweight or obese mothers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased maternal weight gain both during and after pregnancy predicted overweight in preschool children. Our results suggest that healthy post-pregnancy weight may join normal pre-pregnancy BMI and adequate GWG as a potentially modifiable risk factor for child overweight.
authors.affiliation: University of California -San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA; University of California -Berkeley, School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, Berkeley, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Camille A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.affiliation: University of California -Berkeley, School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, Berkeley, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Alison K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.affiliation: Stanford University School of Medicine, Division of General Medical Disciplines, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Rehkopf
authors.affiliation: University of California -Berkeley, School of Public Health, Division of Community Health and Human Development, Berkeley, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Julianna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deardorff
authors.affiliation: University of California -Berkeley, Atkins Center for Weight and Health, Berkeley, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Lorrene
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ritchie
authors.affiliation: University of California -Berkeley, School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, Berkeley, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Ruvani T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Jayaweera
authors.affiliation: University of California -Berkeley, School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Berkeley, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Jeremy R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Coyle
authors.affiliation: University of California -Berkeley, School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, Berkeley, CA, USA; University of California -Berkeley, School of Public Health, Division of Community Health and Human Development, Berkeley, CA, USA. Electronic address: babrams@berkeley.edu.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Abrams
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology*; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D049590:Postpartum Period / Q000208:ethnology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000208:ethnology; D011320:Primary Health Care; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Body mass index; Child; Longitudinal studies; Mothers; Obesity; Overweight; Postpartum period; Pregnancy; Weight gain; Weight loss