title: Short stimulation of electro-responsive PAA/fibrin hydrogel induces collagen production.
abstract: Acrylic acid/fibrin hydrogel can mechanically stimulate cells when an external electrical field is applied, enabling them to migrate and align throughout the depth of the gel. The ability of electro-responsive polyacrylic acid (PAA)/fibrin hydrogel to promote collagen production and remodeling has been investigated by three-dimensional (3D) culturing and conditioning of smooth muscle cells (SMCs). SMCs-seeded hydrogels were subjected to an alternating electrical field (0.06 V/mm) for 2 h for one, two, or three times per week during 4 weeks of culturing. Fluorescent images of collagen structure and accumulation, assessed by CNA-35 probe, showed increased collagen content (>100-fold at 1× stimulation/week) in the center of the hydrogels after 4 weeks of culture. The increase in collagen production correlated with increasing extracellular matrix gene expression and resulted in significantly improved mechanical properties of the stimulated hydrogels. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 activity was also significantly enhanced by stimulation, which probably has a role in the reorganization of the collagen. Short stimulation (2 h) induced a favorable response in the cells and enhanced tissue formation and integrity of the scaffold by inducing collagen production. The presented set up could be used for conditioning and improving the functionality of current tissue-engineered vascular grafts.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Physiology, Maastricht University , Maastricht, The Netherlands .
authors.forename: Nastaran
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rahimi
authors.forename: Geertje
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Swennen
authors.forename: Sanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Verbruggen
authors.forename: Martyna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scibiorek
authors.forename: Daniel G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Molin
authors.forename: Mark J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Post
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002452:Cell Count; D003094:Collagen / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000494:pharmacology; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005337:Fibrin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism; D036641:Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D034421:Sus scrofa
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; C006903:carbopol 940; D005337:Fibrin; D003094:Collagen; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases