title: Induction of the Chlamydia muridarum stress/persistence response increases azithromycin treatment failure in a murine model of infection.
abstract: Viable but noninfectious (stressed/persistent) chlamydiae are more resistant to azithromycin (AZM) in culture than are organisms in the normal developmental cycle. Chlamydia muridarum-infected mice were exposed to amoxicillin to induce the organisms to enter the persistent/stressed state and subsequently treated with AZM. AZM treatment failure was observed in 22% of persistently infected mice, with an average of 321,667 inclusion-forming units (IFU) shed after AZM treatment. Productively infected mice had a 9% rate of AZM treatment failure and shed an average of 12,083 IFU. These data suggest that stressed chlamydiaeare more resistant to frontline antichlamydial drugs in vivo.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Phillips-Campbell
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kintner
authors.forename: R V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Schoborg
mesh_terms: D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017963:Azithromycin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D023502:Chlamydia muridarum / Q000187:drug effects*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects; D017211:Treatment Failure
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000658:Amoxicillin; D017963:Azithromycin