title: Weight, socio-demographics, and health behaviour related correlates of academic performance in first year university students.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aimed to examine differences in socio-demographics and health behaviour between Belgian first year university students who attended all final course exams and those who did not. Secondly, this study aimed to identify weight and health behaviour related correlates of academic performance in those students who attended all course exams.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anthropometrics of 101 first year university students were measured at both the beginning of the first (T1) and second (T2) semester of the academic year. An on-line health behaviour questionnaire was filled out at T2. As a measure of academic performance student end-of-year Grade Point Averages (GPA) were obtained from the university's registration office. Independent samples t-tests and chi2-tests were executed to compare students who attended all course exams during the first year of university and students who did not carry through. Uni- and multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to identify correlates of academic performance in students who attended all course exams during the first year of university.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Students who did not attend all course exams were predominantly male, showed higher increases in waist circumference during the first semester and consumed more French fries than those who attended all final course exams. Being male, lower secondary school grades, increases in weight, Body Mass Index and waist circumference over the first semester, more gaming on weekdays, being on a diet, eating at the student restaurant more frequently, higher soda and French fries consumption, and higher frequency of alcohol use predicted lower GPA's in first year university students. When controlled for each other, being on a diet and higher frequency of alcohol use remained significant in the multivariate regression model, with frequency of alcohol use being the strongest correlate of GPA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study, conducted in Belgian first year university students, showed that academic performance is associated with a wide range of weight and health related behaviours. Future studies should investigate whether interventions aiming at promoting healthy behaviours among students could also have a positive impact on academic performance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biometry and Biomechanics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium. Tom.Deliens@vub.ac.be.
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Deliens
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Clarys
authors.forename: Ilse
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: De Bourdeaudhuij
authors.forename: Benedicte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Deforche
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D041923:Adolescent Development; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects; D001530:Belgium; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002253:Carbonated Beverages / Q000009:adverse effects; D004038:Diet, Reducing / Q000009:adverse effects; D004522:Educational Status; D057140:Fast Foods / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D008297:Male; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012919:Social Behavior; D013332:Student Dropouts; D014495:Universities; D018910:Video Games / Q000009:adverse effects; D055105:Waist Circumference; D015430:Weight Gain