title: [Involvement of heme oxygenase in PM2.5-toxicity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the involvement of heme oxygenase (HO-1) in PM2.5 induced toxic responses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).
  
  
  METHODS
  The experiment groups are as follows: (1) control group; (2) PM2.5 groups: the cells were cultured with various concentrations of PM2.5 (200, 400, 800 µg/ml) for 24 h and 400 µg/ml was chosen for the main study; (3) PM2.5+Trion group: the cells were pre-treated by 10 µmol/L Trion [a scavenger of reactive oxygen species(ROS)] for 1 h before PM2.5 (400 µg/ml) treatment for 24 h; (4) PM2.5+ZnPP group: the cells were pretreated by HO-1 inhibitor ZnPP (10 µmol/L) for 1 h before treatment with PM2.5 (400 µg/ml) for 24 h. MTT assay was used to detect cell viability. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and indirect immunofluorescence assay were used to determine the mRNA and protein expressions of HO-1. Fluorescence labeling probe method was used to measure intracellular ROS level and flow cytometry was used for cell apoptosis. Colorimetric assay was used to detect intracellular caspase-3 activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with control, PM2.5 significantly decreased cell viability, increased intracellular ROS, cell apoptosis and caspase-3 activity (all P < 0.05), these effects were significantly attenuated in PM2.5+Tiron group while enhanced in PM2.5+ZnPP group (all P < 0.05 vs. PM2.5 group). PM2.5 upregulated HO-1 mRNA and protein expressions in HUVECs which was downregulated in both PM2.5+Tiron group and PM2.5+ZnPP group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PM2.5 could induce oxidative injury through increasing ROS production via modulating HO-1 mRNA and protein expressions, the injury could be aggravated with inhibition of the activity of HO-1 suggesting a potential protective role of HO-1 against PM2.5 induced oxidative stress in HUVECs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
authors.forename: Jing-lu
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Email:lvjiyuan11@163.com.
authors.forename: Ji-yuan
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.forename: Ming-sheng
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Cai-ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000201:enzymology*; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010316:Particle Size; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011524:Protoporphyrins / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D052638:Particulate Matter; D011524:Protoporphyrins; C017803:zinc protoporphyrin; C496541:HMOX1 protein, human; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1