title: Biological nitrate removal processes from drinking water supply-a review.
abstract: This paper reviews both heterotrophic and autotrophic processes for the removal of nitrate from water supplies. The most commonly used carbon sources in heterotrophic denitrification are methanol, ethanol and acetic acid. Process performance for each feed stock is compared with particular reference nitrate and nitrite residual and to toxicity potential. Autotrophic nitrate removal has the advantages of not requiring an organic carbon source; however the slow growth rate of autotrophic bacteria and low nitrate removal rate have contributed to the fact that relatively few full scale plants are in operation at the present time.
authors.forename: Anoushiravan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mohseni-Bandpi
authors.forename: David Jack
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Elliott
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Health Sciences Research Center and Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. zazoli49@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Mohammad Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Zazouli