title: Antitumor effects of two extracts from Oxytropis falcata on hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the antitumor effects of extracts from Oxytropis falcata on human hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 cells in vitro and in transplanted murine H22 tumors in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis in SMMC-7721 cells were determined and tumor growth inhibition in H22 tumors was investigated. Cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry with propidium iodide (PI) and Annexin V-FITC/ PI double staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MTT assay revealed that essential oil and flavonoids of O. falcata (named EOOF and FOF) inhibited proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The IC50 value of EOOF and FOF were 0.115 and 0.097 mg·mL(-1), respectively. Cell cycle was arrested at G(1) phase, and induction of apoptosis occurred in SMMC-7721 cells when subjected to FOF. Growth inhibition in H22 solid tumors transplanted mice was significantly pronounced after being treated with FOF, and the inhibition ratio were 56.1% and 70.8% at the concentration of 30 and 60 mg·kg(-1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that FOF promotes apoptosis in SMMC-7721 cells and inhibits H22 tumor growth, resulting in a potential antitumor effect on hepatic cancer.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Guang-Ming
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: University of Macau, Macau, China.
authors.forename: Ru
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
authors.forename: Zhao-Xian
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Fang-Fang
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Laboratory of Medical Fungi and Phyto-Biotech, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China. Electronic address: y.pan2006@163.com.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China. Electronic address: bccai@126.com.
authors.forename: Bao-Chang
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D033021:Oxytropis / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D006131:Growth Inhibitors
keywords: Antitumor; Apoptosis; Murine hepatoma22; Oxytropis falcata; Proliferation; SMMC-7721