title: Effects of phototherapy on cartilage structure and inflammatory markers in an experimental model of osteoarthritis.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of laser phototherapy on the degenerative modifications on the articular cartilage after the anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) in the knee of rats. Eighty male rats (Wistar) were distributed into four groups: intact control group (IG), injured control group (CG), injured laser treated group at 10 J/cm(2) (L10), and injured laser treated group at 50 J/cm(2) (L50). Animals were distributed into two subgroups, sacrificed in 5 and 8 weeks postsurgery. The ACLT was used to induce knee osteoarthritis in rats. After 2 weeks postsurgery, laser phototherapy initiated and it was performed for 15 and 30 sessions. The histological findings revealed that laser irradiation, especially at 10 J/cm(2), modulated the progression of the degenerative process, showing a better cartilage structure and lower number of condrocytes compared to the other groups. Laser phototherapy was not able to decrease the degenerative process measured by Mankin score and prevent the increase of cartilage thickness related to the degenerative process. Moreover, it did not have any effect in the biomodulation of the expression of markers IL1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and metalloprotein-13. Furthermore, laser irradiated animals, at 50 J/cm(2) showed a lower amount of collagen type 1.
authors.affiliation: Federal University of São Carlos, Department of Physiotherapy, Rod Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-902, BrazilbAdventist University Center of São Paulo, Department of Physiotherapy`, Estrada de Itapecerica, 5859, São Paulo 05828-001, Brazil.
authors.forename: Poliani
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Federal University of São Carlos, Department of Physiotherapy, Rod Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-902, Brazil.
authors.forename: Anderson Amaro
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Federal University of São Carlos, Department of Physiotherapy, Rod Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-902, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: Federal University of São Carlos, Department of Physiotherapy, Rod Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-902, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carla Roberta
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Tim
authors.affiliation: Federal University of São Paulo, Department of Morphology and Pathology, Rod Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-902, Brazil.
authors.forename: Karina Zambone
authors.initials: KZ
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.affiliation: Federal University of São Paulo, Department of Biosciences, Avenida Ana Costa, 95, Santos, São Paulo 11060-001, Brazil.
authors.forename: Angela Maria Paiva
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Magri
authors.affiliation: Federal University of São Paulo, Department of Biosciences, Avenida Ana Costa, 95, Santos, São Paulo 11060-001, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kelly Rossetti
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: Federal University of São Carlos, Department of Physiotherapy, Rod Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-902, Brazil.
authors.forename: Stela M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Mattiello
authors.affiliation: Federal University of São Carlos, Department of Physiotherapy, Rod Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-902, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nivaldo Antonio
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Parizotto
authors.affiliation: Federal University of São Paulo, Department of Morphology and Pathology, Rod Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-902, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda Freitas
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Anibal
authors.affiliation: Federal University of São Paulo, Department of Biosciences, Avenida Ana Costa, 95, Santos, São Paulo 11060-001, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Claudia Muniz
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Rennó
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000601:surgery; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D010789:Phototherapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha