title: Peak knee adduction moment during gait in anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed females.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent work has shown that anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed patients exhibit an increased peak knee adduction moment during walking gait compared to healthy controls. An increased peak knee adduction moment has been suggested to be a potential mechanism of degeneration for knee osteoarthritis. The few studies in this area have not considered an exclusively female anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed group. This study tested the hypothesis that female anterior cruciate ligament-reconstructed patients would have higher peak knee adduction moments than controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Peak knee adduction moment during walking was compared between a group of anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed females and a group of female activity matched controls over ten 15m walking trials in a laboratory at a self-selected pace.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Peak knee adduction moment was lower for the anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed group (N = 17, M = 0.31 Nm/kg · m, SD = 0.08) than for the control group (N = 17, M = 0.41 Nm/kg · m, SD = 0.12; t(32) = 2.483, p = 0.010, one-tailed, eta squared effect size = 0.16).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A group of female anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed subjects did not exhibit a gait characteristic which has been suggested to be associated with knee osteoarthritis development and has been shown to be present in male and mixed sex anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed populations previously.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Dublin Ireland Health Sciences Centre, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; Clarity Centre for Sensor Web Technologies, University College Dublin, Ireland. Electronic address: matt.patterson@ucd.ie.
authors.forename: Matthew R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Dublin Ireland Health Sciences Centre, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Eamonn
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Delahunt
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Dublin Ireland Health Sciences Centre, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; Clarity Centre for Sensor Web Technologies, University College Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Caulfield
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D059549:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena / Q000502:physiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000209:etiology*; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: ACL; Gait analysis; anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction; knee; walking