title: Enhanced expression of cystathionine β-synthase and cystathionine γ-lyase during acute cholecystitis-induced gallbladder inflammation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has recently been shown to play an important role in the digestive system, but the role of endogenous H2S produced locally in the gallbladder is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate whether gallbladder possesses the enzymatic machinery to synthesize H2S, and whether H2S synthesis is changed in gallbladder inflammation during acute acalculous cholecystitis (AC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult male guinea pigs underwent either a sham operation or common bile duct ligation (CBDL). One, two, or three days after CBDL, the animals were sacrificed separately. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides of gallbladder samples were scored for inflammation. H2S production rate in gallbladder tissue from each group was determined; immunohistochemistry and western blotting were used to determine expression levels of the H2S-producing enzymes cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) in gallbladder.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a progressive inflammatory response after CBDL. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that CBS and CSE were expressed in the gallbladder epithelium, muscular layer, and blood vessels and that the expression increased progressively with increasing inflammation following CBDL. The expression of CBS protein as well as the H2S-production rate was significantly increased in the animals that underwent CBDL, compared to those that underwent the sham operation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both CBS and CSE are expressed in gallbladder tissues. The expression of these enzymes, as well as H2S synthesis, was up-regulated in the context of inflammation during AC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China ; Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Chenwei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Baoping
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D041881:Cholecystitis, Acute / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D003135:Common Bile Duct / Q000601:surgery; D003541:Cystathionine beta-Synthase / Q000378:metabolism*; D003542:Cystathionine gamma-Lyase / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013447:Sulfites / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D013447:Sulfites; D003541:Cystathionine beta-Synthase; D003542:Cystathionine gamma-Lyase; C042345:hydrogen sulfite