title: Trends in major entry site complications from percutaneous coronary intervention (from the Dynamic Registry).
abstract: Several factors contribute to the risk of percutaneous coronary intervention-related major entry site (MES) complications. We sought to examine the trends in MES among unselected patients during the stent era. Data from the Dynamic Registry including 5 distinct recruitment waves from 1997 to 2006 (n = 10,932) were used to assess baseline characteristics and MES among consecutive patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. MES was defined as bleeding requiring transfusion, pseudoaneurysm, arterial thrombosis or dissection, vascular complication requiring surgery, or retroperitoneal bleed. Uncomplicated hematomas were not included. Several trends were observed in baseline characteristics including an increase from wave 1 to wave 5 in body mass index >30 kg/m(2) (30.2% to 40.4%), renal disease (3.5% to 9.1%), diabetes (28.0% to 34.1%), and hypertension (59.4% to 78%; ptrend <0.001 for all). The use of a thienopyridine increased significantly from wave 1 (49.7%) to wave 5 (84%), whereas glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor use peaked in wave 3 (53.1%) and then decreased (p <0.001). Access site was predominately femoral, but radial access increased over time (0.3% wave 1, 6.6% wave 5, p ≤0.0001). The rates of MES (2.8% to 2.2%, ptrend = 0.01) and MES requiring transfusion (2.0% to 0.74%, ptrend <0.001) were low and decreased with time. The trend in less risk for MES in later time periods remained after adjustment. In conclusion, MES has decreased over time; however, opportunity for bleeding avoidance strategies still exists.
authors.affiliation: Brown University Medical School, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island.
authors.forename: Kristal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Young
authors.affiliation: Brown University Medical School, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Earl
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Faith
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Selzer
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Oscar C
authors.initials: OC
authors.lastname: Marroquin
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Suresh R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Mulukutla
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Howard A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: David O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Sheryl F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Kelsey
authors.affiliation: Brown University Medical School, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island. Electronic address: jabbott@lifespan.org.
authors.forename: J Dawn
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Abbott
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003323:Coronary Aneurysm / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000601:surgery*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012042:Registries; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology*