title: Promoting the Positive Development of Boys in High-Poverty Neighborhoods: Evidence From Four Anti-Poverty Experiments.
abstract: This study uses geocoded address data and information about parent's economic behavior and children's development from four random-assignment welfare and anti-poverty experiments conducted during the 1990s. We find that the impacts of these welfare and anti-poverty programs on boys' and girls' developmental outcomes during the transition to early adolescence differ as a function of neighborhood poverty levels. The strongest positive impacts of these programs are among boys who lived in high-poverty neighborhoods at the time their parents enrolled in the studies, with smaller or non-statistically significant effects for boys in lower poverty neighborhoods and for girls across all neighborhoods. This research informs our understanding of how neighborhood context and child gender may interact with employment-based policies to affect children's well-being.
authors.affiliation: MDRC 16 E. 34 St, NY, NY 10016.
authors.forename: Emily K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Snell
authors.affiliation: MDRC 16 E. 34 St, NY, NY 10016.
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Castells
authors.affiliation: University of California, Irvine 2056 Education, Irvine, CA 92697.
authors.forename: Greg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Duncan
authors.affiliation: National Bureau of Economic Research 1050 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02138.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gennetian
authors.affiliation: School of Social Work University of Wisconsin-Madison 1350 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706.
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Magnuson
authors.affiliation: New York University Steinhardt School of Culture, Education and Human Development 246 Greene Street, Room 405W, New York, NY 10003.
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Morris