title: [The establishment of the arsenic poisoning rats model caused by corn flour baked by high-arsenic coal].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish coal arsenic poisoning rat model by feeding the rats with the corn powder baked by high arsenic coal as the main raw material.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty Wistar rats, healthy, were randomly divided into 5 groups according to the figures of their weights, including control group, drinking arsenic poisoning water group, low, medium and high arsenic contaminated grain group, 10 rats for each.Rats in control group and drinking arsenic poisoning water group were fed with standard feed without any arsenic containing. Rats in water group would drink 100 mg/L As2O3 solution and the rats in arsenic grain groups would be fed with the arsenic contaminated grain at the dose of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively. The duration would last for 3 months.General situation and weight were observed. At the same time, the arsenic contents of urine, hair, liver and kidney of the rats in each group were detected, as well as the histopathology changes of liver and kidney, and the ultra structure of liver was observed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The arsenic contents of urine (median(min-max)) of the rats in the arsenic water group, low, medium and high arsenic grain groups were separately 3055.59 (722.43-6389.05), 635.96(367.85-1551.31), 1453.84 (593.27-5302.94) and 3101.11 (666.64-6858.61) µg/g Cr; while the arsenic contents of hair of the rats in the above groups were separately (23.07 ± 10.38), (8.87 ± 3.31), (12.43 ± 6.65) and (25.68 ± 7.16) µg/g; the arsenic contents of liver of the rats in the above groups were separately (5.68 ± 3.13), (2.64 ± 1.52), (3.89 ± 1.76) and (5.34 ± 2.78) µg/g; and the arsenic contents of kidney were separately (6.90 ± 1.94), (3.48 ± 1.96), (5.03 ± 2.08) and (7.02 ± 1.62) µg/g; which were all significantly higher than those in the control group (86.70 (49.71-106.104) µg/g Cr,(1.28 ± 0.37) µg/g, (1.01 ± 0.34) µg/g and (1.82 ± 1.09) µg/g, respectively). The difference showed significance (P < 0.05). Under electron microscope detection, we observed the reduction of mitochondrial, the blurred mitochondrial cristae, some disappeared ridges, the reduced rough endoplasmic reticulum, and irregular uneven nuclear in the liver cells of rats in arsenic contaminated grain group. The contents of aspartate transaminase (AST) and total bile acid (TBA) in medium and high arsenic contaminated grain group were respectively (196.17 ± 46.18), (212.40 ± 35.14) U/L and (11.74 ± 4.07), (19.19 ± 4.68)µmol/L, which were higher than it in the control group (separately (143.10 ± 29.13) U/L and (6.23 ± 2.95)µmol/L). The contents of glutathione-S-transferases(GST), γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT)and blood urea nitrogen (BUN)in high arsenic contaminated grain group were separately (196.21 ± 47.38)U/L, (1.71 ± 0.66)U/L, (9.54 ± 1.95)mmol/L, which were higher than that in the control group ((134.93 ± 24.80 )U/L, (0.75 ± 0.36)U/L, (7.67 ± 1.02)mmol/L, respectively). The contents of cholinesterase (CHE) in low, medium and high arsenic contaminated grain group were separately (259.90 ± 52.71)U/L, (263.44 ± 66.06)U/L and (244.90 ± 36.14)U/L, the contents of total protein(TP) in rats of high arsenic contaminated grain group were (62.64 ± 5.50)g/L, which was all lower than that in the control group ((448.33 ± 59.67)U/L, (69.38 ± 4.24)g/L, respectively). The contents of TBA in high arsenic contaminated grain group ( (19.19 ± 4.68) µmol/L) was higher than that in drinking water arsenic poisoning group ((15.15 ± 2.64)µmol/L). The differences of the above indexes were all significant (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results showed the arsenic poisoning rat model produced by coal-burning were successfully established.
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang,Guizhou 550004, China.
authors.forename: Mao-lin
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang,Guizhou 550004, China. Email: aihuagy@yahoo.com.cn.
authors.forename: Ai-hua
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang,Guizhou 550004, China.
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang,Guizhou 550004, China.
authors.forename: Yu-yan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang,Guizhou 550004, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang,Guizhou 550004, China.
authors.forename: Ting-ting
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang,Guizhou 550004, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D020261:Arsenic Poisoning / Q000209:etiology*; D003031:Coal; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D005433:Flour; D005506:Food Contamination; D005511:Food Handling; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D003313:Zea mays
chemical_list: D003031:Coal