title: Microdialysis monitoring of glucose, lactate, glycerol, and pyruvate in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective was to assess glucose, lactate, glycerol, and pyruvate concentrations in the interstitial fluid of the adipose tissue as well as the glucose relative recovery coefficient in reference to capillary blood (RC) during the first two days of the standard treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group consisted of 19 patients (12 with type 1 diabetes and 7 with type 2 diabetes). The metabolic state of the patients was monitored using the microdialysis technique. The analysis of variance was used to investigate whether the type of diabetes and the duration of treatment influenced the assessed parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Concentrations of all the monitored components were stable after the initial 12 h of treatment. Glucose concentration was higher and concentrations of all the other components were lower (p<0.0001) in patients with type 1 diabetes than in patients with type 2 diabetes. Significantly higher RC was observed in patients with type 1 diabetes during the initial 12 h.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that the standard treatment of DKA is effective in stabilizing a concentration of the studied metabolic components in the interstitial fluid in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes despite differences in the glucose concentration at the beginning of the treatment.
authors.affiliation: Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw - Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ciechanowska
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ladyzynski
authors.forename: Jan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Wojcicki
authors.forename: Stanislawa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sabalinska
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krzymien
authors.forename: Elzbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pulawska
authors.forename: Waldemar
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Karnafel
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Foltynski
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kawiak
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications; D016883:Diabetic Ketoacidosis / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D045604:Extracellular Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005990:Glycerol / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D017551:Microdialysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D019289:Pyruvic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D019344:Lactic Acid; D019289:Pyruvic Acid; D005990:Glycerol