title: Previous experiences with illness and traumatic experiences: a specific risk factor for hypochondriasis?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous experiences with illness and traumatic experiences are considered as important risk factors for the development of health anxiety and hypochondriasis. However, empirical research is insufficient and lacks adequate comparison groups.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Therefore, we sought to determine whether experiences with illness and traumatic experiences are really specific risk factors for hypochondriasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the current study, patients with the diagnosis of hypochondriasis (n = 80), patients with a primary anxiety disorder (n = 80), and healthy controls (n = 83) were investigated regarding their previous experiences with illness (self and other) and traumatic childhood experiences.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that patients with hypochondriasis reported a higher level of experience with illness and with traumatic childhood experiences than healthy controls. However, no differences were found between patients with hypochondriasis and those with an anxiety disorder, regarding their level of experience with illness and traumatic experiences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Previous experiences with illness and traumatic childhood experiences did not prove to be specific risk factors for the development of hypochondriasis. The importance of both experiences with illness and traumatic experiences as risk factors, as considered in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual and in established cognitive-behavioral models, does not seem to be supported empirically. Further research should therefore also consider other potential risk factors discussed in the literature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany. Electronic address: weck@psych.uni-frankfurt.de.
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Weck
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Julia M B
authors.initials: JMB
authors.lastname: Neng
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Kathrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Göller
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectiology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Alexis M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Müller-Marbach
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000069586:Adult Survivors of Child Adverse Events / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004194:Disease / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006998:Hypochondriasis / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology