title: Association between tinnitus and sleep disorders in the general Japanese population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There are few studies about the association between tinnitus and sleep disorders in the general population worldwide. This study assessed this association in a Japanese community.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 14,027 participants 45 to 79 years of age who were in the Takayama Study responded to a self-administered questionnaire about tinnitus and sleep disorders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of this population, 13.3% of men and 10.6% of women had current tinnitus. The percentages of insomnia, respectively, among individuals with and without tinnitus were 28.1% in men and 36.1% in women and 18.8% in men and 21.5% in women. There were 1.7-fold (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4 to 2.1) and 1.8-fold (95% CI, 1.5 to 2.2) increases in the odds ratios (ORs) of insomnia for those with tinnitus compared with those without tinnitus in men and women, respectively. Loud or very loud tinnitus was associated with 2.8-fold (95% CI, 1.8 to 4.3) and 3.3-fold (95% CI, 1.9 to 5.6) increases in the OR of insomnia in men and women, respectively. Even low (ie, quiet) or moderate tinnitus was significantly associated with insomnia. Difficulty initiating sleep, difficulty maintaining sleep, and a poor perceived quality of sleep were also significantly associated with tinnitus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Insomnia and other sleep disorders were significantly associated with tinnitus in Japanese adults.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Izuhara
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
authors.forename: Kozue
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tamai
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
authors.forename: Michiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
authors.forename: Yatsuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
authors.forename: Chisato
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nagata
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014012:Tinnitus / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology