title: 4 G/4 G polymorphism of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene increases the risk of diabetic nephropathy.
abstract: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) has become the most common pathogenesis of end-stage renal disease. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of DN. A meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the association between 4 G/5 G variants in the PAI-1 gene and DN susceptibility. Databases including Pubmed, EMBASE, ISI, etc., were searched to find relevant studies. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% conﬁdence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate the strength of associations. Ten studies involving 1366 cases and 1888 controls were included. Significant association between 4 G/4 G variant and DN risk was observed (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.08-1.48, p = 0.004) in overall populations by the recessive model. 4 G allele was also associated with the risk of DN than the 5 G allele (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.04-1.27, p = 0.008). In the subgroup analysis performed by the ethnicity, 4 G/4 G polymorphism was significantly associated with DN risk than 4 G/5 G + 5 G/5 G in East Asians (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.03-1.96; p = 0.03), but not in Caucasians. In the stratiﬁed analysis by types of DM, the results showed significant association between 4 G/4 G variant and DN in Type-2 DM (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.03-1.96, p = 0.03). In conclusion, 4 G/4 G phenotype of PAI-1 gene may be associated with DN risk. Additional larger studies should be conducted in future analyses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China .
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.forename: Chenchen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Dong-Mei
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Chang-Lin
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Mei
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000235:genetics*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1