title: Protective effect of turmeric extract on ethotrexate-induced intestinal damage and oxidative stress.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The most important side effect of methotrexate (MTX) is mucositis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of turmeric extract on intestinal damage and oxidative stress in rats receiving methotrexate.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experiments were performed on male Wistar albino rats divided into six groups. First group received normal saline orally, the second group received turmeric extract (100 mg·kg(-1)) orally for 30 days, the third group received turmeric extract (200 mg·kg(-1)) orally for 30 days, the fourth group received a single dose of methotrexate (20 mg·kg(-1)) i.p. at day 30, the fifth group received turmeric extract (100 mg·kg(-1)) orally for 30 days and a single dose of methotrexate (20 mg·kg(-1)) i.p. at day 30, and the sixth group received turmeric extract (200 mg·kg(-1)) orally for 30 days and single dose of methotrexate (20 mg·kg(-1)) i.p. at day 30. Four days after methotrexate injection, animals were anesthetized, blood samples were taken to determine total antioxidant status (TAS) and jejunum samples were taken for glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxidase dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), aldehyde malondialdehyde (MDA), and histopathological assessment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Microscopic evaluation from intestinal tissues of the MTX treated group, showed severe villus shortening and blunting, inflammatory cell infiltration and hemorrhage in lamina propria, along with epithlial cell necrosis. Levels of SOD, GSH-Px and CAT decreased in the MTX received group, but increased significantly (P < 0.05) in the turmeric + MTX groups. MTX increased lipid peroxidation, however, turmeric decreased peroxidation significantly (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that turmeric extract may protect the small intestine of rats from methotrexate-induced damage. Turmeric effects could result from its antioxidant properties.
authors.affiliation: Young Researchers Club, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Adel Rezaei
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Moghadam
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Daryoush
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mohajeri
authors.affiliation: Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Namvaran-Abbas-Abad
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Hamed
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Manafi
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Delavar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shahi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran. Electronic address: m.mazani@arums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mazani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D030024:Curcuma / Q000737:chemistry*; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D008315:Malondialdehyde; C012596:turmeric extract; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D008727:Methotrexate
keywords: Intestinal damage; Methotrexate; Oxidative stress; Turmeric