title: TIGAR is correlated with maximal standardized uptake value on FDG-PET and survival in non-small cell lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Evaluation of (18)F-FDG uptake value via PET is central to current methods of diagnosis and staging of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) due to its ability to evaluate expression levels of key regulators associated with glucose metabolism in tumor cells. Tp53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) is an important P53-induced protein that can inhibit glycolysis; however, there have been few clinical studies on its mechanism. Here we have investigated the relationship between TIGAR expression and (18)F-FDG PET in tumors, along with its relationship with the clinical characteristics of NSCLC.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed SUVmax in 79 patients with NSCLC through immunohistochemical staining of TIGAR and five other biological markers associated with tumor cell glycolysis, in order to evaluate the correlation between their expression and SUVmax. We also plotted Kaplan-Meier survival curves to assess TIGAR expression with the prognosis and survival of patients with NSCLC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The key findings were as follows: SUVmax was negatively correlated with the expression of TIGAR (r = -0.31, p<0.01); TIGAR expression was correlated with tumor size (p = 0.01), histological type (p<0.01), differentiation degree (p<0.01) and lymph node metastasis(p<0.01) in patients with NSCLC; and the survival time of patients whose TIGAR was negatively expressed was significantly shorter than for those whose TIGAR was positively expressed (P = 0.023).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The expression of TIGAR in primary tumors is significantly correlated with SUVmax, and low expression of TIGAR may predict a worse clinical outcome in patients with NSCLC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Wenhui
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yifan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jianjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006019:Glycolysis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; C512708:TIGAR protein, human