title: Evaluation of the effects of a therapeutic renal diet to control proteinuria in proteinuric non-azotemic dogs treated with benazepril.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) are currently used to control proteinuria in dogs with chronic kidney disease. Renal diets (RDs) have beneficial effects in the management of azotemic dogs, but its role in proteinuric non-azotemic (PNAz) dogs has been poorly documented.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Administration of a RD to PNAz dogs treated with benazepril (Be) improves proteinuria control compared with the administration of a maintenance diet (MD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two PNAz (urine protein/creatinine ratio [UPC] >1) dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized open label clinical trial design. Dogs were assigned to group-MD (5.5 g protein/100 kcal ME)/Be or to group-RD (3.7 g protein/100 kcal ME)/Be group during 60 days. Dogs with serum albumin (Alb) <2 g/dL received aspirin (1 mg/kg/12 hours). A physical examination, systolic blood pressure (SBP) measurement, complete blood count (CBC), biochemistry panel, urinalysis, and UPC were performed at day 0 (D0) and day 60 (D60).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At D0, there were no significant differences between groups in the evaluated variables. During the study, logUPC (geometric mean (95% CI) and SBP (mean±SD mmHg) significantly decreased (paired t-test, P = 0.001) in Group-RD (logUPC(D0) = 3.16[1.9-5.25]; UPC(D60) = 1.20 [0.59-2.45]; SBP(D0) = 160 ± 17.2; SBP(D60) = 151 ± 15.8), but not in Group-MD (UPC(D0) = 3.63[2.69-4.9]; UPC(D60) = 2.14 [0.76-6.17]; SBP(D0) = 158 ± 14.7; SBP(D60) = 153 ± 11.5). However, RM-ANOVA test did not confirm that changes were consequence of dietary modification. Weight and Alb concentration did not change significantly in any group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The administration of a RD to PNAz dogs treated with Be might help to control proteinuria and SBP compared with the administration of a MD, without inducing clinically detectable malnutrition, but more studies are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Clínica Veterinaria Germanías, Gandía-Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Cortadellas
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Talavera
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Fernández del Palacio
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001772:Blood Cell Count / Q000662:veterinary; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000662:veterinary; D001794:Blood Pressure; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D004285:Dogs; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis; D016482:Urinalysis / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D001552:Benzazepines; D012709:Serum Albumin; D003404:Creatinine; C044946:benazepril
keywords: Azotemia; Canine; Kidney; Protein