title: Proteomic analysis of the reproductive organs of the hermaphroditic gastropod Lymnaea stagnalis exposed to different endocrine disrupting chemicals.
abstract: Many studies have reported perturbations of mollusc reproduction following exposure to low concentrations (ng/L range) of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). However, the mechanisms of action of these molecules on molluscs are still poorly understood. Investigation of the modifications of protein expression in organisms exposed to chemicals using proteomic methods can provide a broader and more comprehensive understanding of adverse impacts of pollution on organisms than conventional biochemical biomarkers (e.g., heat-shock proteins, metallothioneins, GST, EROD). In this study we have investigated the impacts of four chemicals, which exhibit different endocrine disrupting properties in vertebrates, on the proteome of the hermaphroditic freshwater pulmonate gastropod Lymnaea stagnalis after 21 days of exposure. Testosterone, tributyltin, chlordecone and cyproterone acetate were chosen as tested compounds as they can induce adverse effects on the reproduction of this snail. The 2D-DIGE method was used to identify proteins whose expression was affected by these compounds. In addition to modifying the expression of proteins involved in the structure and function of the cytoskeleton, chemicals had impacts on the expression of proteins involved in the reproduction of L. stagnalis. Exposure to 19.2 µg/L of chlordecone increased the abundance of ovipostatin, a peptide transmitted during mating through seminal fluid, which reduces oviposition in this species. The expression of yolk ferritin, the vitellogenin equivalent in L. stagnalis, was reduced after exposure to 94.2 ng Sn/L of tributyltin. The identification of yolk ferritin and the modification of its expression in snails exposed to chemicals were refined using western blot analysis. Our results showed that the tested compounds influenced the abundance of yolk ferritin in the reproductive organs. Alteration in proteins involved in reproductive pathways (e.g., ovipostatin and yolk ferritin) could constitute relevant evidence of interaction of EDCs with reproductive pathways that are under the control of the endocrine system of L. stagnalis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Ecotoxicology, Centre of Analytical Research and Technology (CART), Liege University, Liège, Belgium ; INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), UMR0985 Ecologie et Santé des Ecosystèmes, Equipe Ecotoxicologie et Qualité des Milieux Aquatiques, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: Arnaud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giusti
authors.affiliation: GIGA-Neuroscience, Liège University, Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leprince
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, GIGA-R, Liège University, Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mazzucchelli
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Ecotoxicology, Centre of Analytical Research and Technology (CART), Liege University, Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Thomé
authors.affiliation: INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), UMR0985 Ecologie et Santé des Ecosystèmes, Equipe Ecotoxicologie et Qualité des Milieux Aquatiques, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lagadic
authors.affiliation: INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), UMR0985 Ecologie et Santé des Ecosystèmes, Equipe Ecotoxicologie et Qualité des Milieux Aquatiques, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: Virginie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ducrot
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Ecotoxicology, Centre of Analytical Research and Technology (CART), Liege University, Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Célia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Joaquim-Justo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D007631:Chlordecone / Q000633:toxicity; D017373:Cyproterone Acetate / Q000633:toxicity; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000633:toxicity*; D005293:Ferritins / Q000378:metabolism; D008195:Lymnaea / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D013739:Testosterone / Q000633:toxicity; D014220:Trialkyltin Compounds / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D014220:Trialkyltin Compounds; D013739:Testosterone; D017373:Cyproterone Acetate; C011559:tributyltin; D005293:Ferritins; D007631:Chlordecone