title: Haptoglobin phenotype and abnormal uterine artery Doppler in a racially diverse cohort.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The anti-oxidant and proangiogenic protein haptoglobin (Hp) is believed to be important for implantation and pregnancy, although its specific role is not known. The three phenotypes (1-1, 2-1 and 2-2) differ in structure and function. Hp 2-2 is associated with increased vascular stiffness in other populations. We examined whether Hp phenotype is associated with abnormal uterine artery Doppler (UAD) in pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a secondary analysis of a preeclampsia prediction cohort nested within a larger placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial of antioxidants for prevention of preeclampsia. We determined Hp phenotype in 2184 women who completed UAD assessments at 17 weeks gestation. Women with notching were re-evaluated for persistent notching at 24 weeks' gestation. Logistic regression was used to assess differences in UAD indices between phenotype groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hp phenotype did not significantly influence the odds of having any notch (p = 0.32), bilateral notches (p = 0.72), or a resistance index (p = 0.28) or pulsatility index (p = 0.67) above the 90th percentile at 17 weeks' gestation. Hp phenotype also did not influence the odds of persistent notching at 24 weeks (p = 0.25).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hp phenotype is not associated with abnormal UAD at 17 weeks' gestation or with persistent notching at 24 weeks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA , USA .
authors.forename: Tracey L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Weissgerber
authors.forename: Paula L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: McGee
authors.forename: Leslie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Myatt
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hauth
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Varner
authors.forename: Ronald J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Wapner
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Thorp
authors.forename: Brian M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Mercer
authors.forename: Alan M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Peaceman
authors.forename: Susan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ramin
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Samuels
authors.forename: Anthony C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Sciscione
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harper
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Saade
authors.forename: Yoram
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sorokin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006242:Haptoglobins / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D010641:Phenotype; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000517:prevention & control; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second / Q000097:blood; D044469:Racial Groups; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D055988:Uterine Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D006242:Haptoglobins; D014810:Vitamin E; D001205:Ascorbic Acid
keywords: Ethnicity; haptoglobin; pregnancy; race; vascular resistance; women