title: Analysis of the anticancer phytochemicals in Andrographis paniculata Nees. under salinity stress.
abstract: Salinity causes the adverse effects in all physiological processes of plants. The present study aimed to investigate the potential of salt stress to enhance the accumulation of the anticancer phytochemicals in Andrographis paniculata accessions. For this purpose, 70-day-old plants were grown in different salinity levels (0.18, 4, 8, 12, and 16 dSm(-1)) on sand medium. After inducing a period of 30-day salinity stress and before flowering, all plants were harvested and the data on morphological traits, proline content and the three anticancer phytochemicals, including andrographolide (AG), neoandrographolide (NAG), and 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (DDAG), were measured. The results indicated that salinity had a significant effect on the aforementioned three anticancer phytochemicals. In addition, the salt tolerance index (STI) was significantly decreased, while, except for DDAG, the content of proline, the AG, and NAG was significantly increased (P ≤ 0.01). Furthermore, it was revealed that significant differences among accessions could happen based on the total dry weight, STI, AG, and NAG. Finally, we noticed that the salinity at 12 dSm(-1) led to the maximum increase in the quantities of AG, NAG, and DDAG. In other words, under salinity stress, the tolerant accessions were capable of accumulating the higher amounts of proline, AG, and NAG than the sensitive accessions.
authors.affiliation: Medicinal Plant Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran 33191 18651, Iran ; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Daryush
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Talei
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valdiani
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mahmood
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maziah
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Sreenivasa Rao
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Sagineedu
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohd Said
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Saad
mesh_terms: D035685:Andrographis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005960:Glucosides / Q000008:administration & dosage; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D054712:Salinity; D055049:Salt Tolerance / Q000187:drug effects*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects*; D013764:Tetrahydronaphthalenes / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: C495626:14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide; D004224:Diterpenes; D005960:Glucosides; D064209:Phytochemicals; D013764:Tetrahydronaphthalenes; C030419:andrographolide; C082497:neoandrographolide