title: New genetic markers for diagnosis of hepatitis C related hepatocellular carcinoma in Egyptian patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) enhances effective and curative management. New genetic markers with distinct diagnostic ability are required.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  determine the expression of GPC3, PEG10, SERPINI1, MK and QP-C in the peripheral blood of HCC patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  74 HCV patients were recruited and divided into three groups; chronic hepatitis (I), liver cirrhosis (II) and HCC (III). Demographics, laboratory and imaging data were collected. Child score and metastatic work up were completed. The expression of the five candidate genes in the peripheral blood was performed by qRT-PCR assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Groups were gender matched, age in group I was significantly lower than in groups II and III (37.7 vs 50.4 and 55.6, p value <0.005). CHILD score; group II and III A/B/C = (7/5/6) and (20/6/3). AFP was significantly higher in group III than I and II (204 vs 3.9 and 6.9, p < 0.01). In HCC group 69% of the lesions were < 5 cm, and had 1-2 nodules; 14% had metastases. GPC3, PEG10, SERPINI1 and MK mRNA were significantly higher in the HCC group compared to the other groups while QP-C mRNA was higher in chronic hepatitis C group compared to other groups. The gene expression values in HCC patients were independent of the tumor size, AFP levels or extrahepatic metastasis. Combined measurement of the five gene markers showed 100% sensitivity and 33% specificity, 48% PPV and 100% NPV.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GPC3, PEG10, SERPINI1 and MK are genetic markers that can represent a useful tool for detection of HCC.
authors.affiliation: Endemic Medicine and Hepatogastroenterology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Email:dr_ysaad99@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Yasmin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saad
authors.forename: Magdy
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: El-Serafy
authors.forename: Mona S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Eldin
authors.forename: Zeinab
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Abdellatif
authors.forename: Hany
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Khatab
authors.forename: Tamer
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Elbaz
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Elgarem
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D004534:Egypt; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D005820:Genetic Testing; D053673:Glypicans / Q000235:genetics; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000078792:Midkine; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000235:genetics; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000235:genetics; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000097:blood; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D015843:Serpins / Q000235:genetics; D000097522:Neuroserpin
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D053673:Glypicans; D000078792:Midkine; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D009479:Neuropeptides; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D015843:Serpins; D000097522:Neuroserpin; C105937:GPC3 protein, human; C066254:MDK protein, human; C432965:PEG10 protein, human; C027208:ubiquinone-binding proteins