title: The V protein of canine distemper virus is required for virus replication in human epithelial cells.
abstract: Canine distemper virus (CDV) becomes able to use human receptors through a single amino acid substitution in the H protein. In addition, CDV strains possessing an intact C protein replicate well in human epithelial H358 cells. The present study showed that CDV strain 007Lm, which was isolated from lymph node tissue of a dog with distemper, failed to replicate in H358 cells, although it possessed an intact C protein. Sequence analyses suggested that a cysteine-to-tyrosine substitution at position 267 of the V protein caused this growth defect. Analyses using H358 cells constitutively expressing the CDV V protein showed that the V protein with a cysteine, but not that with a tyrosine, at this position effectively blocked the interferon-stimulated signal transduction pathway, and supported virus replication of 007Lm in H358 cells. Thus, the V protein as well as the C protein appears to be functional and essential for CDV replication in human epithelial cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology 3, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Otsuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology 3, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakatsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology 3, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Bacterial Genomics, Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjyuku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sekizuka
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology 3, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology 3, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kouji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Bacterial Genomics, Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjyuku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryoji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology 3, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D004216:Distemper / Q000821:virology*; D004217:Distemper Virus, Canine / Q000378:metabolism*; D004285:Dogs; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000502:physiology*