title: Autochthonous cases of schistosomiasis in children in Recife, Northeastern Brazil.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Investigate breeding sites with host snails and autochthonous human cases of schistosomiasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between July 2010 and September 2012 were performed: (1) malacological survey searching for breeding sites, collection and identification of Biomphalaria snails positive for Schistosoma mansoni in Recife, PE, Northeastern Brazil; (2) prevalence survey in 2,718 schoolchildren aged from seven to 14 years old to identify cases of schistosomiasis, clinical examination and ultrasound in positive cases of S. mansoni. The autochthony of the cases was investigated and the case were clinically evaluated. The cases and breeding sites were georeferenced and spatially described.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results identified 30 breeding with B. straminea, four of which were potential foci of transmission, as molecular testing identified snails with S. mansoni DNA. There were 14 children diagnosed with schistosomiasis, of which five were considered to be autochthonous cases of the disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Urgent measures are required in order to avoid schistosomiasis becoming endemic to Recife, as has happened in other coastal areas of the state of Pernambuco.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório e Serviço de Referência em Esquistossomose, Departamento de Parasitologia, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, RecifePE, Brasil.
authors.forename: Constança Simões
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.affiliation: Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, RecifePE, Brasil.
authors.forename: Verônica Santos
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.affiliation: Laboratório e Serviço de Referência em Esquistossomose, Departamento de Parasitologia, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, RecifePE, Brasil.
authors.forename: Fábio Lopes de
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Melo
authors.affiliation: Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, RecifePE, Brasil.
authors.forename: Mariana Sena Barreto de
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Melo
authors.affiliation: Laboratório e Serviço de Referência em Esquistossomose, Departamento de Parasitologia, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, RecifePE, Brasil.
authors.forename: Lydia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bezerra
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, RecifePE, Brasil.
authors.forename: Julyana Viegas
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Enfermagem, Centro Acadêmico de Vitória, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo AntãoPE, Brasil.
authors.forename: Bruno Ximenes
authors.initials: BX
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: Laboratório e Serviço de Referência em Esquistossomose, Departamento de Parasitologia, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, RecifePE, Brasil.
authors.forename: Wheverton Correia do
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Nascimento
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Enfermagem, Centro Acadêmico de Vitória, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo AntãoPE, Brasil.
authors.forename: Elainne Souza
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, RecifePE, Brasil.
authors.forename: Onício
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Leal-Neto
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, RecifePE, Brasil.
authors.forename: Ana Lúcia
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Domingues
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001700:Biomphalaria / Q000254:growth & development / Q000469:parasitology*; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004199:Disease Vectors; D019353:Endemic Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015995:Prevalence; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012547:Schistosoma / Q000254:growth & development*; D012555:Schistosomiasis mansoni / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D014505:Urban Population