title: A comprehensive evaluation of the toxicology of the "Deli" cast sheet process used in experimental cigarettes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Manufacture of cigarettes results in tobacco by-products, some of which can be processed and added back to cigarettes. Such additions (known as reconstituted tobacco or reconstituted leaf) have been shown to reduce tar yields. A new process (termed "Deli" cast sheet) is a potential refinement of the reconstitution process.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Compare toxicity of smoke from experimental cigarettes made with reconstituted leaf with that from cigarettes made with Deli cast sheet.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analytical chemistry, Salmonella mutagenicity and cytotoxicity assays were used to evaluate the composition biological activity of mainstream smoke from experimental cigarettes made with Deli cast sheet or with reconstituted leaf. The effect of different amounts of guar and propylene glycol in Deli cast sheet was also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Small increases in the amount of nitrogen oxides were found as a result of inclusion of the Deli cast sheet when compared with reconstituted leaf; no differences in cytotoxicity or mutagenicity were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Deli process neither significantly modified chemical composition of smoke nor affected its biological activity, as measured by the mutagenicity and cytotoxicity assays used here.
authors.affiliation: Carson Watts Consulting , King, NC , USA and.
authors.forename: Christopher R E
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Coggins
authors.forename: Jerome A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Merski
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Oldham
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D041702:BALB 3T3 Cells; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D005685:Galactans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis / Q000191:economics; D008351:Mannans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D053149:Plant Gums / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D019946:Propylene Glycol / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D012906:Smoke / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D019460:Tobacco Industry / Q000191:economics; D062789:Tobacco Products / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis / Q000191:economics; D018675:Toxicity Tests
chemical_list: D005685:Galactans; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008351:Mannans; D009153:Mutagens; D053149:Plant Gums; D012906:Smoke; D012997:Solvents; D019946:Propylene Glycol; C007894:guar gum