title: Comparative immunohistochemical analysis of IMP3, GLUT1, EMA, CD146, and desmin for distinguishing malignant mesothelioma from reactive mesothelial cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify useful biomarkers for differentiating between malignant mesothelioma (MM) and reactive mesothelial cells (RMCs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues from 34 MM and 40 RMC samples were analyzed using immunohistochemistry, and the findings were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Positive markers for MM included insulin-like growth factor 2 messenger RNA binding protein 3 (IMP3), glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), and CD146, which showed sensitivities of 94%, 85%, 79%, and 71% and specificities of 78%, 100%, 88%, and 98%, respectively. In sarcomatoid MM, EMA had significantly lower expression than did IMP3, GLUT1, and CD146 (P < .001). The areas under receiver operating characteristic curves were the highest for IMP3 (0.95), followed by GLUT1 (0.93). When the optimal cutoff points for IMP3 (30%) and GLUT1 (10%) were used, the sensitivity of IMP3 and GLUT1 for MM was 100%, and the specificity of both for MM was 95%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of IMP3 and GLUT1 is most appropriate for distinguishing MM from RMC using FFPE sections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 9200293, Japan; hminato@kanazawa-med.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Minato
authors.forename: Nozomu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kurose
authors.forename: Mana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nojima
authors.forename: Katsuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Usuda
authors.forename: Motoyasu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sagawa
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakuma
authors.forename: Akishi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ooi
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Arano
authors.forename: Junzo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shimizu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D051929:CD146 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D003893:Desmin / Q000032:analysis; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1 / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D008654:Mesothelioma / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000175:diagnosis; D000086002:Mesothelioma, Malignant; D008875:Middle Aged; D018396:Mucin-1 / Q000032:analysis; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D051929:CD146 Antigen; D003893:Desmin; D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1; C498780:IGF2BP3 protein, human; C497902:MCAM protein, human; D018396:Mucin-1; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; C495677:SLC2A1 protein, human
keywords: CD146; Desmin; EMA; GLUT1; IMP3; Immunohistochemistry; Malignant mesothelioma; Reactive mesothelial cell