title: Effect of Galium verum aqueous extract on growth, motility and gene expression in drug-sensitive and -resistant laryngeal carcinoma cell lines.
abstract: Galium verum, also known as Lady's Bedstraw, is a herbaceous perennial plant of the family Rubiaceae, native to Europe and Asia and used in traditional medicine as an anticancer medicine. It is used as a decoction in most traditional recipes, applied externally as well as internally. We produced a Galium verum decoction and applied it in vitro to chemosensitive (Hep-2 and HLaC79) and chemoresistant, P-glycoprotein-overexpressing (Hep2-Tax, HLaC79-Tax) laryngeal carcinoma cell lines. It could be demonstrated that Galium aqueous extract is cytotoxic for all cell lines. A detailed spheroid-based 3D invasion analysis of Hep2 and Hep2-Tax in semisolid collagen gels and on different extracellular matrix coatings was performed, which showed an inhibition of invasion by sublethal concentrations of Galium decoction and proved to be even more pronounced in the more aggressively invading chemoresistant Hep2-Tax cell line. Gelatinolytic activity of MMP-2 was downregulated in three of the four cell lines. Angiogenesis (endothelial tube formation) in contrast, was not affected by Galium aqueous extract. Gene expression array on HLaC79 and Hep2 cell lines treated with Galium decoction vs. untreated controls revealed no unique pathway activation patterns in these cells. Results are discussed with respect to the use of herbal drugs as a preventive and/or a concomitant therapeutic approach in head and neck cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research - Microarray Core Unit, University of Wuerzburg, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Claus-Juergen
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Scholz
authors.affiliation: NIRDBS/'Stejarul' Biological Research Centre, 610004 Piatra Neamţ, Neamţ, Romania.
authors.forename: Georgiana-Luminita
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Gavril
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Clemens
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Otto
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Polednik
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Jeanette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roller
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Rudolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hagen
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D032061:Galium / Q000737:chemistry; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2