title: Thoracic aortic frontier: review of current applications and directions of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR).
abstract: Thoracic endovascular aortic repair, a minimally invasive technique is replacing the maximally invasive gold standard of thoracotomy and replacement of the descending thoracic aorta. With experience, indications have expanded to encroach on the arch and even ascending aorta. This review highlights the current state of technology, discusses controversies, and takes the perspective of a forward-thinking review to describe novel, innovative techniques that might make the entire thoracic aorta amenable to minimally invasive repair.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiac Surgery, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Cardiac Sciences and Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Electronic address: jehangir.appoo@albertahealthservices.ca.
authors.forename: Jehangir J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Appoo
authors.affiliation: Division of Vascular Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, PMCC, UHN, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Leonard W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Tse
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiac Surgery, St Boniface Hospital, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
authors.forename: Zlatko I
authors.initials: ZI
authors.lastname: Pozeg
authors.affiliation: Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Jason K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Stuart J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Hutchison
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Alex J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Gregory
authors.affiliation: Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Eric J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Herget
mesh_terms: D000784:Aortic Dissection / Q000601:surgery*; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000601:surgery*; D017545:Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic / Q000601:surgery*; D057510:Endovascular Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D013908:Thoracotomy / Q000379:methods