title: A retrospective comparison of cost and efficiency of the medial double and dual incision triple arthrodeses.
abstract: While the medial double arthrodesis has gained significant popularity for hindfoot arthrodesis in recent years, much has been touted about the efficiency and cost savings of the procedure in comparison to its triple counterpart without any literature to reinforce this claim. The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare the hardware costs and operative time between the medial double and triple arthrodeses. A total of 276 patients (277 feet) were identified via CPT codes with 47 hindfoot cases (47 feet) meeting the inclusion criteria consisting of 21 medial double (6 males, 15 females) and 26 triple (8 males, 18 females) arthrodeses. No significant difference was noted in age, body mass index, gender, chronic steroid use, preoperative osteopenia/osteoporosis, tobacco abuse, surgical side, presence of diabetes, immune compromised state, kidney disease, rheumatoid arthritis, or liver disease. Mean medial double operative (OR) time 106 ± 31 minutes (range = 73-201 minutes) with a procedure time of 84 ± 29 minutes (range = 44-163 minutes) was identified versus an OR time of 127 ± 23 minutes (range = 91-200 minutes) and procedure time of 104 ± 23 minutes (range = 50-169 minutes) for the triple arthrodesis group. The mean fixation cost for the triple arthrodesis was found to be higher with the mean triple hardware cost $2932.75 ± $736.60 (range = $1434.00 to $3980.00) against the medial double's $1197.59 ± $635.57 (range = $463.20 to $2019.00). Both efficiency and cost were found to favor the medial double for hindfoot arthrodesis at a level of statistical significance level (P = .0028 for OR time, P = .0033 for procedure time, and P < .0001 for cost).
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (MMG).
authors.forename: Melissa M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Galli
authors.forename: Ryan T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Bradly W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Bussewitz
authors.forename: Christopher F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Hyer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001174:Arthrodesis / Q000191:economics* / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D001860:Bone Plates / Q000191:economics*; D001863:Bone Screws / Q000191:economics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061646:Operative Time; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013537:Sutures / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013640:Tarsal Joints / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: arthrodesis; cost analysis; fusion; hindfoot; medial double; time analysis