title: Immunomodulation of macrophages by methylglyoxal conjugated with chitosan nanoparticles against Sarcoma-180 tumor in mice.
abstract: Methylglyoxal (MG), the potent anticancer agent has been conjugated to a nontoxic, biocompatible polymer, chitosan, to protect it from in vivo enzymatic degradation. This polymeric complex, 'Nano-MG' shows remarkable antitumor property and elicits macrophage-mediated immunity in tumor bearing mice on intravenous (0.4 mg/kg body wt/day) treatment more efficiently than MG (20mg/kg body wt/day). These activated macrophages appear more in numbers in the peritoneum and produce more superoxide and nitrite. Moreover, immunomodulatory cytokines and surface receptors of these macrophages like iNOS, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, M-CSF, TLR-4 and TLR-9 also exhibit marked up-regulation in Sarcoma-180 tumor bearing mice after Nano-MG treatment compared to untreated tumor bearing counterpart. Hence, Nano-MG acts as an immunostimulant in tumor bearing mice to combat cancer at conspicuously lower dose, probably due to its longer circulation time in blood.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India.
authors.forename: Adrita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chakrabarti
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Biophysics, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700 054, India.
authors.forename: Dipa
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Talukdar
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Biophysics, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700 054, India.
authors.forename: Aparajita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pal
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Biophysics, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700 054, India. Electronic address: manjuray@mail.jcbose.ac.in.
authors.forename: Manju
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ray
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D048271:Chitosan / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D056747:Immunomodulation; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D011765:Pyruvaldehyde / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D012509:Sarcoma / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D009573:Nitrites; C493487:Tlr4 protein, mouse; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9; D013481:Superoxides; D011765:Pyruvaldehyde; D048271:Chitosan
keywords: Immunomodulation; Macrophage; Nano-MG; Reactive nitrogen species (RNS); Reactive oxygen species (ROS); Tumor