title: Interval training attenuates the metabolic disturbances in type 1 diabetes rat model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated the effect of interval training on blood biochemistry and immune parameters in type 1 diabetic rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: sedentary (SE, n = 15), interval training (IT, n = 17), diabetic sedentary (DSE, n = 17), diabetic interval training (DIT, n = 17). Diabetes was induced by i.v. injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). Swimming Interval Training consisted of 30-s exercise with 30-s rest, for 30 minutes, during 6 weeks, four times a week, with an overload of 15% of body mass. Plasma glucose, lactate, triacylglycerol and total cholesterol concentrations, phagocytic capacity, cationic vesicle content, and superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide production by blood neutrophils and peritoneal macrophages were evaluated. Proliferation of mesenteric lymphocytes was also estimated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Interval training resulted in attenuation of the resting hyperglycemic state and decreased blood lipids in the DIT group. Diabetes increased the functionality of blood neutrophils and peritoneal macrophages in the DSE group. Interval training increased all functionality parameters of peritoneal macrophages in the IT group. Interval training also led to a twofold increase in the proliferation of mesenteric lymphocytes after 6 weeks of exercise in the DIT group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low-volume high-intensity physical exercise attenuates hyperglycemia and dislipidemia induced by type 1 diabetes, and induces changes in the functionality of innate and acquired immunity.
authors.forename: Ricelli Endrigo Ruppel
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.forename: Isabela
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Coelho
authors.forename: Daniela Cristina T
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Pequito
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamagushi
authors.forename: Gina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Borghetti
authors.forename: Ricardo Key
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Gleisson Alisson Pereira de
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Brito
authors.forename: Juliano
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kryczyk
authors.forename: Everson Araújo
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.forename: Graciela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Venera
authors.forename: Luiz Claudio
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Fernandes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000209:etiology*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000502:physiology; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000379:methods*; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D013311:Streptozocin / Q000494:pharmacology; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D013481:Superoxides; D013311:Streptozocin; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide