title: Immobilization of heparin/poly-(L)-lysine nanoparticles on dopamine-coated surface to create a heparin density gradient for selective direction of platelet and vascular cells behavior.
abstract: Restenosis, thrombosis formation and delayed endothelium regeneration continue to be problematic for coronary artery stent therapy. To improve the hemocompatibility of the cardiovascular implants and selectively direct vascular cell behavior, a novel kind of heparin/poly-l-lysine (Hep/PLL) nanoparticle was developed and immobilized on a dopamine-coated surface. The stability and structural characteristics of the nanoparticles changed with the Hep:PLL concentration ratio. A Hep density gradient was created on a surface by immobilizing nanoparticles with various Hep:PLL ratios on a dopamine-coated surface. Antithrombin III binding quantity was significantly enhanced, and in plasma the APTT and TT times as coagulation tests were prolonged, depending on the Hep density. A low Hep density is sufficient to prevent platelet adhesion and activation. The sensitivity of vascular cells to the Hep density is very different: high Hep density inhibits the growth of all vascular cells, while low Hep density could selectively inhibit smooth muscle cell hyperplasia but promote endothelial progenitor cells and endothelial cell proliferation. These observations provide important guidance for modification of surface heparinization. We suggest that this method will provide a potential means to construct a suitable platform on a stent surface for selective direction of vascular cell behavior with low side effects.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, People's Republic of China; Naton Medical Group, Peking 100082, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shihui
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, People's Republic of China; Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Hohe Str. 06, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Manfred F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Maitz
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: chenjy@263.net.
authors.forename: Junying
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000588:Amines / Q000032:analysis; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000737:chemistry*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000737:chemistry; D006493:Heparin / Q000737:chemistry*; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000378:metabolism; D008422:Materials Testing; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010316:Particle Size; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D010973:Platelet Adhesiveness / Q000187:drug effects; D011107:Polylysine / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D012235:Rhodamines / Q000378:metabolism; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D055672:Static Electricity; D013499:Surface Properties; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000588:Amines; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D007211:Indoles; D012235:Rhodamines; D014867:Water; D000804:Angiotensin II; D011107:Polylysine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C007293:DAPI; D005340:Fibrinogen; D006493:Heparin; D004298:Dopamine
keywords: Blood compatibility; Endothelial cell; Heparin; Intimal hyperplasia; Nanoparticle