title: Moderate physical activity of music aerobic exercise increases lymphocyte counts, specific subsets, and differentiation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Moderate physical activity has been shown to promote immunity. Different moderate physical activities may have different effects on immunity. This study investigated the impacts of a 12-week regular music aerobic exercise (MAE) program on leukocyte distribution, lymphocyte subsets, and lymphocyte polarization.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study used a case-control design with pretest and posttest. Forty-seven middle-age women were recruited for this study. Three participants dropped out, 22 completed the 12-week MAE program, and the other 22 participants who had heat-intolerance or limited schedule eligibility were enrolled as the control group without the MAE exercise.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results showed that the MAE exercise for 12 weeks didn't change red blood cells or total leukocytes but increased lymphocyte counts. The women in MAE group revealed significant increases (P ≤ 0.01) of CD3CD4, CD3CD8, and CD4CD25 cells, associated with Treg polarization showing enhanced FoxP3 but not T-bet, Gata-3, or RORγT expression (P < .01). The control group without exercise revealed insignificant change of lymphocyte subsets or lymphocyte polarization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that MAE increases specific lymphocyte subsets and enhances Treg cell differentiation. It is suggested to encourage moderate physical activity of music aerobic exercise to enhance lymphocyte function of middle-aged women.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Medical Research & Development, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shu-Hui
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: Hsiu-Ling
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Chiu-Yueh
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Hsiao
authors.forename: Li-Wei
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Yu-Kuan
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.forename: Yu-Yeng
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Kuender D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology; D004906:Erythrocyte Count; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D050990:GATA3 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009146:Music; D057132:Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D020825:T-Box Domain Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000166:cytology; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000166:cytology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000166:cytology; D000098815:T-bet Transcription Factor
chemical_list: C418974:FOXP3 protein, human; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D050990:GATA3 Transcription Factor; C494749:GATA3 protein, human; D057132:Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3; C539900:RORC protein, human; D020825:T-Box Domain Proteins; D000098815:T-bet Transcription Factor