title: The Erasmus programme for postgraduate education in orthodontics in Europe: an update of the guidelines.
abstract: In 1989, the ERASMUS Bureau of the European Cultural Foundation of the Commission of the European Communities funded the development of a new 3-year curriculum for postgraduate education in orthodontics. The new curriculum was created by directors for orthodontic education representing 15 European countries. The curriculum entitled 'Three years Postgraduate Programme in Orthodontics: the Final Report of the Erasmus Project' was published 1992. In 2012, the 'Network of Erasmus Based European Orthodontic Programmes' developed and approved an updated version of the guidelines. The core programme consists of eight sections: general biological and medical subjects; basic orthodontic subjects; general orthodontic subjects; orthodontic techniques; interdisciplinary subjects; management of health and safety; practice management, administration, and ethics; extramural educational activities. The programme goals and objectives are described and the competencies to be reached are outlined. These guidelines may serve as a baseline for programme development and quality assessment for postgraduate programme directors, national associations, and governmental bodies and could assist future residents when selecting a postgraduate programme.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden, jan.huggare@ki.se.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huggare
authors.affiliation: **Department of Orthodontics, King's College London Dental Institute, UK.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Derringer
authors.affiliation: ***Orthodontic and Paediatric Dentistry Clinics, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eliades
authors.affiliation: ****Department of Orthodontics, University Henri Poincaré of Nancy, France.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Filleul
authors.affiliation: *****Department of Orthodontics, University of Geneva Dental School, Switzerland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kiliaridis
authors.affiliation: ******Orthodontics and Craniofacial Biology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kuijpers-Jagtman
authors.affiliation: *******Scienze Odontostomatologiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martina
authors.affiliation: ********Oral Development and Orthodontics, Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, and Oulu University Hospital, Finland.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pirttiniemi
authors.affiliation: *********Orthodontics, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ruf
authors.affiliation: **********Department of Orthodontics, Hannover Medical School, Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schwestka-Polly
mesh_terms: D003479:Curriculum / Q000592:standards; D004499:Education, Dental, Graduate / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards*; D005060:Europe; D005062:European Union; D006801:Humans; D007391:International Cooperation; D009970:Orthodontics / Q000193:education*; D015397:Program Evaluation / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards