title: Cell death induced on cell cultures and nude mouse skin by non-thermal, nanosecond-pulsed generated plasma.
abstract: Non-thermal plasmas are gaseous mixtures of molecules, radicals, and excited species with a small proportion of ions and energetic electrons. Non-thermal plasmas can be generated with any high electro-magnetic field. We studied here the pathological effects, and in particular cell death, induced by nanosecond-pulsed high voltage generated plasmas homogeneously applied on cell cultures and nude mouse skin. In vitro, Jurkat cells and HMEC exhibited apoptosis and necrosis, in dose-dependent manner. In vivo, on nude mouse skin, cell death occurred for doses above 113 J/cm(2) for the epidermis, 281 J/cm(2) for the dermis, and 394 J/cm(2) for the hypodermis. Using electron microscopy, we characterized apoptosis for low doses and necrosis for high doses. We demonstrated that these effects were not related to thermal, photonic or pH variations, and were due to the production of free radicals. The ability of cold plasmas to generate apoptosis on cells in suspension and, without any sensitizer, on precise skin areas, opens new fields of application in dermatology for extracorporeal blood cell treatment and the eradication of superficial skin lesions.
authors.affiliation: Inserm, U 728, Paris, France ; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire de Pathologie, UMR-S 728, Paris, France ; AP-HP (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Department of Pathology, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Arnaud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Duval
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de physique des plasmas, Ecole polytechnique, UPMC, Université Paris Sud 11, CNRS, Palaiseau, France.
authors.forename: Ilya
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Marinov
authors.affiliation: Inserm, U 728, Paris, France ; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire de Pathologie, UMR-S 728, Paris, France ; AP-HP (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Department of Pathology, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Guilhem
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bousquet
authors.affiliation: Inserm, U 728, Paris, France ; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire de Pathologie, UMR-S 728, Paris, France ; AP-HP (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Department of Pathology, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gapihan
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de physique des plasmas, Ecole polytechnique, UPMC, Université Paris Sud 11, CNRS, Palaiseau, France.
authors.forename: Svetlana M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Starikovskaia
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de physique des plasmas, Ecole polytechnique, UPMC, Université Paris Sud 11, CNRS, Palaiseau, France.
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rousseau
authors.affiliation: Inserm, U 728, Paris, France ; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire de Pathologie, UMR-S 728, Paris, France ; AP-HP (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Department of Pathology, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Janin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000528:radiation effects*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000528:radiation effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D058626:Plasma Gases / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology / Q000528:radiation effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D058626:Plasma Gases