title: Anti-oxidative and DNA protecting effects of flavonoids-rich Scutellaria lateriflora.
abstract: Scutellaria lateriflora (American skullcap), a native plant of North America, has been used by Americans and Europeans as a nerve tonic for more than 200 years. In vivo studies have shown anxiolytic activity ofS. lateriflora in animals and humans. However, the neuroprotective mechanisms ofS. lateriflora are not fully understood. Oxidative stress plays a vital role in the neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases such as anxiety, Alzheimer's disease, depression, and Parkinson's disease. Bioactive compounds present in various medicinal plants neutralize or scavenge toxic free radicals and thus suppress oxidative stress. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the antioxidant effects of S. lateriflora. The antioxidant potential of aqueous or ethanolic extracts of S. lateriflora was determined in mouse brain tissue using various biochemical assays. Protective effects of S. lateriflora against oxidative stress induced DNA fragmentation was determined using plasmid DNA. The ethanolic and aqueous extracts scavenged the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. The ethanolic extract reduced tert-butyl peroxide-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxides in the mouse brain homogenates. Furthermore, the ethanolic extract of S. lateriflora protected hydrogen peroxide-UV induced cleavage of supercoiled plasmid DNA. In conclusion, S. lateriflora exhibited significant antioxidant effects. The current findings posit S. lateriflora as one of the potential experimental herbal drugs that should be screened for its therapeutic potential against various oxidative stress associated mental disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
authors.forename: Madhukar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lohani
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacal Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
authors.forename: Manuj
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahuja
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacal Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
authors.forename: Manal A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Buabeid
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
authors.forename: Schwartz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dean
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy and Soils, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
authors.forename: Shannon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dennis
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacal Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
authors.forename: Vishnu
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Suppiramaniam
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kemppainen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacal Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
authors.forename: Muralikrishnan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dhanasekaran
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D031363:Scutellaria / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents