title: Does an alkaline environment prevent the development of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw? An experimental study in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the preventive effect of locally applied sodium bicarbonate on bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups. Animals in group I received 0.1 mg/kg sterile saline 3 times per week for 8 weeks. Groups II, III, and IV received intraperitoneal zoledronate injection in the same manner with the same frequency and duration. The right first molar tooth was extracted in groups III and IV. One mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate (SB) was applied to the extraction socket at the time of extraction in group IV. The effect of locally applied SB as an alkalizing agent was evaluated by histomorphometric analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BRONJ was observed in none of the animals in the control groups, 67% of the animals in the tooth extraction group, and none of the animals in the local SB application group (P < .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Administration of locally applied SB had positive effects on the prevention of BRONJ in animals, but further studies are required to verify the effectiveness of this form of treatment before its use in humans.
authors.affiliation: Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Baskent University, Ankara and Konya, Turkey. Electronic address: edayisoylu@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ezher H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Dayisoylu
authors.affiliation: Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cem
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Üngör
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emre
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tosun
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Safak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ersöz
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kadioglu Duman
authors.affiliation: Research Assistant, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Taskesen
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Figen Çizmeci
authors.initials: FÇ
authors.lastname: Senel
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D059266:Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw / Q000517:prevention & control*; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000633:toxicity*; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D020390:Tooth Socket; D000077211:Zoledronic Acid
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D004164:Diphosphonates; D007093:Imidazoles; D000077211:Zoledronic Acid; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate