title: Biochemical markers for the assessment of pollution of selected small streams in the Czech Republic.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the presented study was to investigate levels of the most important biochemical markers in fish which were caught upstream and downstream from sites near waste water treatment plants situated at 3 selected small streams of the Czech Republic. Organic pollutants and mercury were determined in muscle tissue of fish for complex assessment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Levels of biochemical markers (cytochrome P450 (CYP450), ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), vitellogenin (VTG)) were measured in selected tissues (liver, plasma, brain, gill and kidney) samples of brown trout. The concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and mercury were determined in muscle samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significantly higher levels of biochemical markers (EROD, GST, VTG) were measured downstream from waste water treatment plant (WWTP) in Vlachovo Březí (the small Libotýňský brook). Values of biochemical markers at the other localities Černý brook and Moravice River were measured downstream from WWTP consistently or slightly lower with values of upstream. The values of POPs and mercury were in all monitored sites higher upstream compared with downstream from WWTP. The highest values of POPs and mercury were found on Černý brook in Bruntál (more industrial and agricultural activity).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The highest occurrence of selected POPs and mercury was generally upstream suggesting that small WWTP are able to partially remove these substances in those locations. But finding higher values of biochemical markers in downstream shows that there are many other substances endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) that WWTP are unable to remove.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic. H10026@vfu.cz.
authors.forename: Lenka
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zelníckova
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blahova
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marsalek
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hostovsky
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sevcikova
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Radka
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dobsikova
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Zuzana
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Siroka
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Lenka
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Divisova
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Lucie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Plhalova
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Zdenka
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Svobodova
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000378:metabolism; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism; D018153:Czech Republic; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005399:Fishes / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D005880:Gills / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D014819:Vitellogenins / Q000097:blood; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014819:Vitellogenins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; D005982:Glutathione Transferase