title: [Effect of high-intensity focused ultrasound combined with gemcitabine on subcutaneous pancreatic cancer in nude mice].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and gemcitabine on xenograft growth in nude mice bearing human pancreatic cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nude mouse models bearing subcutaneous human pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1 xenograft were randomized into 4 groups, including a control group and 3 treatment groups subjected to treatments with HIFU, gemcitabine, or both. After the treatments, the tumor was measured on a weekly basis for 5 weeks, and the tumor growth curve was drawn. The tumor inhibition rate was calculated and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the tumor tissue was examined by immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The tumor volume showed significant differences between the 3 treatment groups (P<0.01), but all significantly smaller than that in the control group; HIFU combined with gemcitabine resulted in the most obvious reduction in the tumor volume. VEGF expression in the tumor tissue was the lowest in the combined treatment group and the highest in the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HIFU therapy produces definite therapeutic effect on human pancreatic cancer in the nude mouse model, and its combination with chemotherapy is the optimal treatment modality.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Engineering in Medicine Co-founded by Chongqing and the Ministry of Science and Technology, Chongqing Key laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China. E-mail: 1290314025@qq.com.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.forename: Liaoqiong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Longxing
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Haixia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Faqi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D057086:High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism; D000093542:Gemcitabine
chemical_list: D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D000093542:Gemcitabine