title: Maxillary deficiency treatment by fixed tongue appliance--a case report.
abstract: This case illustrates orthopaedic treatment of a 12.1-year-old girl with class III malocclusion and maxillary deficiency. The patient was treated by a fixed tongue appliance in the upper jaw. First maxillary molars and premolars were banded and a hyrax was mounted on them in order to achieve lateral expansion. A fixed tongue appliance comprising of a few cribs was soldered to the anterior side of the hyrax with the purpose of pushing the maxilla in forward position. The orthopaedic stage of treatment lasted for 5 months after which favourable correction of the malocclusion was observed. The SNA angle increased by 2 degrees, the IMPA decreased by 10 degrees and mandibular plane angle (GoGn-SN) increased by 20. After this time, the fixed tongue appliance and Hyrax remained in the mouth for 3 more months as retention. This case demonstrates that fixed tongue appliance might be an alternative method to extra oral appliances in class III and maxillary deficient cases.
authors.affiliation: Orthodontic Department, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Rahman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Showkatbakhsh
authors.affiliation: Azad University, Tehran.
authors.forename: Abdolreza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jamilian
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, School of Medicine, University of Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Mehrangiz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghassemi
authors.affiliation: Aachen University, Germany.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghassemi
authors.forename: Arman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shayan
mesh_terms: D000202:Activator Appliances; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D003724:Dental Arch / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008313:Malocclusion, Angle Class III / Q000628:therapy*; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology; D009295:Nasal Bone / Q000473:pathology; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D018704:Orthodontic Retainers; D010155:Palatal Expansion Technique / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010347:Patient Care Planning