title: Clinical evaluation of dental alignment and leveling with three different types of orthodontic wires.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A wide variety of orthodontic wires made of different alloys is available to be used in orthodontic practice and may produce different clinical responses during tooth movement.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This research evaluated the alignment and leveling of lower dental arches after the use of three types of orthodontic wires.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sample of 36 patients was randomly divided into 3 groups: stainless steel, multistranded steel and superelastic nickel-titanium, according to the first leveling arches used. In order to observe differences in tooth position and axial inclination of the lower incisors, all patients had lateral cephalometric radiographs taken before the insertion of the first arches and 2 months later. The irregularity index and the curve of Spee were measured, compared between groups and considered influential on the proclination of incisors during the initial phase of alignment and leveling. The Reflex microscope was used to measure the irregularity index, whereas the ANOVA analysis of variance was used to verify differences between groups with regard to the degree of dental alignment and leveling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant differences between groups only at T2 for the irregularity index.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The NiTi and multistranded steel wires showed greater aligning capacity when compared with stainless steel wires.
authors.forename: Marco Abdo
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gravina
authors.forename: Ione Helena Vieira Portella
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Brunharo
authors.forename: Marcelo Reis
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Fraga
authors.forename: Flavia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Artese
authors.forename: Marcio José da Silva
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.forename: Robert Willer Farinazzo
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Vitral
authors.forename: Cátia Cardoso Abdo
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Quintão
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry*; D003724:Dental Arch / Q000473:pathology; D004548:Elasticity; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D009969:Orthodontic Wires; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D013193:Stainless Steel / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D003722:Dental Alloys; C040654:titanium nickelide; D013193:Stainless Steel; D009532:Nickel; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Orthodontic wires; Orthodontics; Physical properties; Tooth movement