title: Risks for gestational diabetes mellitus and pregnancy-induced hypertension are increased in polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate pregnancy outcomes and its determinants in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Two-hundred and twenty pregnant PCOS and 594 healthy women were followed from early pregnancy. Incidences of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), preterm birth, twinning, and fetal growth restriction (FGR) were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of GDM was notably higher among all PCOS combined (54.9%; OR: 2.9, 95% CI: 2.0-4.1) and PCOS subgroups, whether they conceived spontaneously (51.5%; OR: 3.3, 95% CI: 2.0-5.4), or via IVF-ET or ovarian stimulation, compared with controls (14.3%; P < 0.001). The incidence of PIH was also higher among all PCOS (10.4%; OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.1-4.4) and the subgroup conceiving spontaneously (11.8%; OR: 2.6, 95% CI: 1.1-6.2; P < 0.001) but not for those conceiving with IVF-ET (9.1%) or ovarian stimulation (9.4%). Lean women with PCOS (BMI <24 kg/m(2)) had higher incidences of GDM (51.1% versus 14.5%; OR: 5.6, 95% CI: 3.4-9.0) and PIH (8.9% versus 3.2%; OR: 3.0, 95% CI: 1.3-7.1) than lean controls. PCOS women with normal glucose tolerance had higher risk for PIH than their comparable control group (OR: 4.0, 95% CI: 1.3-11.7).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggested that PCOS is an independent risk factor for the development of GDM and PIH. This trial is registered with ChiCTR-RCC-11001824.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors.forename: Yunhui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors.forename: Xiaomiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors.forename: Huidan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors.forename: Jianping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors.forename: Jingte
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: The Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Azziz
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors.forename: Dongzi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D046110:Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced / Q000473:pathology*; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012307:Risk Factors