title: Mentoring and the career satisfaction of male and female academic medical faculty.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore aspects of mentoring that might influence medical faculty career satisfaction and to discover whether there are gender differences.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 2010-2011, the authors surveyed 1,708 clinician-researchers who received (in 2006-2009) National Institutes of Health K08 and K23 awards, which provided mentoring for career development. The authors compared, by gender, the development and nature of mentoring relationships, mentor characteristics, extent of mentoring in various mentor roles, and satisfaction with mentoring. They evaluated associations between mentoring and career satisfaction using multivariable linear regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The authors received 1,275 responses (75% response rate). Of these respondents, 1,227 (96%) were receiving K award support at the time and constituted the analytic sample. Many respondents had > 1 designated mentor (440/558 women, 79%; 410/668 men, 61%; P < .001). Few were dissatisfied with mentoring (122/1,220, 10.0%; no significant gender difference). Career dissatisfaction was generally low, but 289/553 women (52%) and 268/663 men (40%) were dissatisfied with work-life balance (P < .001). Time spent meeting or communicating with the mentor, mentor behaviors, mentor prestige, extent of mentoring in various roles, and collegiality of the mentoring relationship were significantly associated with career satisfaction. Mentor gender, gender concordance of the mentoring pair, and number of mentors were not significantly associated with satisfaction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study of junior faculty holding mentored career development awards showed strong associations between several aspects of mentoring and career satisfaction, indicating that those concerned about faculty attrition from academic medicine should consider mentor training and development.
authors.affiliation: Ms. DeCastro is research area specialist intermediate, Center for Bioethics and Social Science in Medicine and Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Mr. Griffith is statistician lead, Biostatistics Unit, University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Dr. Ubel is professor, Fuqua School of Business and Sanford School of Public Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. Dr. Stewart is professor, Department of Psychology and Women's Studies Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Dr. Jagsi is associate professor, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Rochelle
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: DeCastro
authors.forename: Kent A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Griffith
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Ubel
authors.forename: Abigail
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Reshma
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jagsi
mesh_terms: D005178:Faculty / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005180:Faculty, Medical / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008611:Mentors / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012108:Research Personnel / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States