title: Efficacy of tegafur-uracil (UFT) administration in castration-resistant prostate cancer patients with a history of both alternative antiandrogen therapy and estramustine phosphate sodium hydrate therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of tegafur-uracil (UFT) administration as a fourth-line therapy in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) who had already received combined androgen blockade (CAB) therapy (first-line), alternative antiandrogen therapy (second-line), and estramustine phosphate sodium hydrate (EMP) therapy (third-line), in order to determine who would benefit from UFT therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  UFT was administered at a daily dose of 300 mg/m(2) to 26 patients, and the response to UFT 4 weeks after its induction and its toxicity were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A reduction in the serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) value was observed in 12 patients (46.2 %), while two cases (7.7 %) achieved more than 50 % reduction in PSA. Two patients (7.7 %) required discontinuation of UFT administration because of side effects (grade 2 exanthema in one patient and grade 2 nausea in one patient). A PSA response to UFT was observed, especially in patients older than 75 years and/or whose Gleason score was 8 or less.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data indicate that UFT administration as a fourth-line therapy was tolerable and effective to some degree in patients with CRPC who had already received CAB therapy, alternative antiandrogen therapy, and EMP therapy. It can be used, even in patients aged more than 75 years old, without any loss of efficacy or effect on their activities of daily life, and can be regarded as a treatment option for patients with advanced prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Mita 1-4-17, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-0073, Japan.
authors.forename: Nozomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hayakawa
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Atsuko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Taisuke
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ezaki
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Akiharu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ninomiya
authors.forename: So
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018450:Disease Progression; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004961:Estramustine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005076:Exanthema / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009325:Nausea / Q000139:chemically induced; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D064129:Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D005641:Tegafur / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014498:Uracil / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005641:Tegafur; D004961:Estramustine; D014498:Uracil; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen