title: Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy or carotid artery stent placement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The significance of non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) after carotid endarterectomy or carotid angioplasty and stent placement is unknown. We performed this study to identify the frequency of NSTEMI and impact on outcomes related to carotid endarterectomy or carotid artery stent placement in patients treated in a large national cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  We determined the frequency of NSTEMI and associated in-hospital outcomes including mortality and composite of stroke, cardiac events, and mortality using data from the Nationwide Inpatient Survey from 2002 to 2009.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 1 083 688 patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy or carotid artery stent placement, 11 341 (1%) patients developed NSTEMI during hospitalization. After adjusting for constitutional variables and risk factors, NSTEMI was associated with higher rates of in-hospital mortality (odds ratio, 8.6; 95% confidence interval, 7.0-10.7; P≤0.0001) and composite end point of stroke, cardiac events, and death (odds ratio, 14.6; 95% confidence interval, 13.0-16.5; P≤0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results contradict the notion that NSTEMI is a relatively benign entity after carotid endarterectomy or carotid artery stent placement.
authors.affiliation: From the Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institute, St. Cloud, MN.
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Malik M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Adil
authors.forename: Adnan I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Qureshi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D004562:Electrocardiography; D016894:Endarterectomy, Carotid / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000401:mortality; D023381:Endpoint Determination; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D038801:International Classification of Diseases; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000401:mortality; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors; D015607:Stents; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: carotid stenosis; carotid stent; endarterectomy, carotid; postoperative myocardial infarction