title: Rib deformities in congenital scoliosis.
abstract: METHODS
  Retrospective review.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify the incidence and characteristics of rib anomalies in patients with congenital scoliosis (CS) in a Chinese population.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Rib deformities and intraspinal anomalies often coexist in individuals with CS. Rib deformities may assist in diagnosing occult anomalies in these patients. The incidence of rib anomalies and the relationship between rib and vertebral abnormalities in Chinese patients with CS have not been reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 382 patients operated on at Peking Union Medical College Hospital during January 2010 to October 2012 were identified from a single institutional database. The demographic distribution, clinical and radiographical data were collected to investigate the incidence of rib anomalies, and the vertebral and intraspinal abnormalities associated with it.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 192 patients (50.3%) were documented with rib anomalies including numerical variation (46.4%) and structural changes (72.4%). Missing ribs was the most commonly seen anomaly in these patients, accounting for 43.8% of the rib anomalies. Of the patients with rib anomalies, a slightly higher proportion of patients had simple anomalies, 106 (55.2%) versus 86 (44.8%). Rib changes were most common in patients with thoracic or thoracolumbar vertebral anomalies, and occurred most frequently on the concave side (65.5%) or in the lower thoracic spine (36.5%). The overall incidence rate of intraspinal anomalies was 40.1% (153/382), and these were most commonly seen in patients with thoracic vertebral anomalies or with upper and middle thoracic rib anomalies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of rib anomalies was 50.3% in surgical patients with CS. The rib anomalies vary with the location and type of vertebral anomalies. The incidence of intraspinal anomalies was significantly higher in patients with rib anomalies than in those without rib anomalies.
  
  
  METHODS
  4.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xuhong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Jianxiong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Jianguo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Shugang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Jinqian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Guixing
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Xisheng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Weng
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D009139:Musculoskeletal Abnormalities / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012272:Ribs / Q000002:abnormalities*; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000150:complications*; D013131:Spine / Q000002:abnormalities*; D055815:Young Adult