title: [Evaluation of comprehensive measures with emphasis on schistosomiasis infectious source control at embankment level].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of comprehensive measures with emphasis on schistosomiasis infectious source control at the embankment level.
  
  
  METHODS
  The comprehensive measures with emphasis on schistosomiasis infectious source control were carried out, and the data of human and Oncomelania snail infection rates were collected and analyzed statistically at embankment levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In Anbao Embankment, except the other comprehensive measures were performed, 2606 buffaloes were removed. The infection rates of residents reduced from 8.04% before the intervention to 0.7% after the intervention, and the infection rates of snails reduced from 0.56% to 0.05%. In Anli Embankment, 535 buffaloes were removed. In the third year after the intervention, the infection rates of residents reduced from 5.87% to 1.09%, and the infection rates of snails reduced from 0.17% to 0.07%. In Anzao Embankment, 62 buffaloes were removed. In the second year after the intervention, the infection rates of residents reduced from 2.67% to 0.39%, and the infection rates of snails reduced from 1.12% to 0.00%. In Anchang Embankment, the buffaloes were not removed. The human infection rates reduced from 1.76% before the intervention to 1.23% after the intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The comprehensive measures with emphasis on schistosomiasis infectious source control, especially the buffalo's removal, are effective in the control of schistosome infection rates of residents and snails.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fadan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Jin-yi
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fadan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Yi-biao
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fadan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Lin-han
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fadan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Sheng-bang
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Anxiang Office of Leading Group for Schistosomiasis Control, China.
authors.forename: Shao-ping
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Hunan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: Hunan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, China.
authors.forename: Guang-hui
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fadan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Xiu-xia
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fadan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Qing-wu
authors.initials: QW
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003140:Communicable Disease Control / Q000379:methods*; D004197:Disease Reservoirs / Q000469:parasitology*; D006801:Humans; D060106:Lakes / Q000469:parasitology; D012547:Schistosoma / Q000502:physiology*; D012552:Schistosomiasis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000662:veterinary*; D012908:Snails / Q000254:growth & development / Q000469:parasitology*