title: IQGAP1 is a key node within the small GTPase network.
abstract: Coordination of the activity of multiple small GTPases is required for the regulation of many physiological processes, including cell migration. There are now several examples of functional interplay between small GTPase pairs, but the mechanisms that control GTPase activity in time and space are only partially understood. Here, we build on the hypothesis that small GTPases are part of a large, integrated network and propose that key proteins within this network integrate multiple signaling events and coordinate multiple small GTPase activities. Specifically, we identify the scaffolding protein IQGAP1 as a master regulator of multiple small GTPases, including Cdc42, Rac1, Rap1, and RhoA. In addition, we demonstrate that IQGAP1 promotes Arf6 activation downstream of β1 integrin engagement. Furthermore, following literature-curated searches and recent mass spectrometric analysis of IQGAP1-binding partners, we report that IQGAP1 recruits other small GTPases, including RhoC, Rac2, M-Ras, RhoQ, Rab10, and Rab5, small GTPase regulators, including Tiam1, RacGAP1, srGAP2 and HERC1, and small GTPase effectors, including PAK6, N-WASP, several sub-units of the Arp2/3 complex and the formin mDia1. Therefore, we propose that IQGAP1 acts as a small GTPase scaffolding platform within the small GTPase network, and recruits and/or regulates small GTPases, small GTPase regulators and effectors to orchestrate cell behavior. Finally, to identify other putative key regulators of small GTPase crosstalk, we have assembled a small GTPase network using protein-protein interaction databases.
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research; Faculty of Life Sciences; University of Manchester; Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jacquemet
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research; Faculty of Life Sciences; University of Manchester; Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Martin J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Humphries
mesh_terms: D000089982:ADP-Ribosylation Factor 6; D020727:ADP-Ribosylation Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005347:Fibroblasts; D051379:Mice; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D025941:Protein Interaction Mapping; D015398:Signal Transduction; D020830:rac1 GTP-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D020703:ras GTPase-Activating Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000089982:ADP-Ribosylation Factor 6; C101203:IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1; D020703:ras GTPase-Activating Proteins; D020727:ADP-Ribosylation Factors; C000715727:Arf6 protein, mouse; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins; D020830:rac1 GTP-Binding Protein
keywords: IQGAP1; Ras GTPases; signal transduction; small GTPase crosstalk; small GTPase network