title: Primary adnexal adenocarcinoma of the vulva: A diagnosis of exclusion based on location, immunohistochemistry, and pattern of spread.
abstract: ► Vulvar adenocarcinomas are rare comprising less than 0.1% of primary malignancies of the vulva. ► The diagnosis of primary vulvar adenocarcinomas remains a challenge due to its rarity, variation in histological appearance, and limited literature. ► The basis of the diagnosis includes morphology, immunohistochemistry, clinical history and pattern of spread.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Saint Barnabas Medical Center, 94 Old Short Hills Road, Livingston, NJ 07052, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Stueben
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Saint Barnabas Medical Center, 94 Old Short Hills Road, Livingston, NJ 07052, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Lara
keywords: Adenocarcinoma; Adnexal; Pathogenesis; Vulva