title: Safety and utility of capsule endoscopy for infants and young children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the safety and utility of capsule endoscopy (CE) for children who are unable to swallow the capsule endoscope.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of all of the children who underwent CE between 2010 and 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into 2 groups: group A included patients who were unable to swallow the capsule endoscope, and group B included patients who were able to swallow it. For the patients who were unable to swallow the capsule endoscope, it was placed in the duodenum endoscopically. The small bowel transit time, endoscopic diagnosis and complications of the 2 groups were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the study period, 28 CE procedures were performed in 26 patients. Group A included 11 patients with a median age of 2 years (range 10 mo-9 years), and group B included 15 patients with a median age of 12 years (range 8 years-16 years). The lightest child in the study weighed 7.9 kg. The detection rates did not differ between the 2 groups. The median small bowel transit time was 401 min (range 264-734 min) in group A and 227 min (range 56-512 min) in group B (P = 0.0078). No serious complications, including capsule retention, occurred. No significant mucosal trauma occurred in the pharynx, esophagus, stomach or duodenum when the capsule was introduced using an endoscope.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CE is a safe and useful procedure for infants and young children who are unable to swallow the capsule endoscope.
authors.affiliation: Manari Oikawa-Kawamoto, Tsuyoshi Sogo, Takeshi Yamaguchi, Tomoyuki Tsunoda, Takeo Kondo, Department of Pediatric Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Center, Saiseikai Yokohama City Tobu Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0012, Japan.
authors.forename: Manari
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oikawa-Kawamoto
authors.affiliation: Manari Oikawa-Kawamoto, Tsuyoshi Sogo, Takeshi Yamaguchi, Tomoyuki Tsunoda, Takeo Kondo, Department of Pediatric Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Center, Saiseikai Yokohama City Tobu Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0012, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sogo
authors.affiliation: Manari Oikawa-Kawamoto, Tsuyoshi Sogo, Takeshi Yamaguchi, Tomoyuki Tsunoda, Takeo Kondo, Department of Pediatric Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Center, Saiseikai Yokohama City Tobu Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0012, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Manari Oikawa-Kawamoto, Tsuyoshi Sogo, Takeshi Yamaguchi, Tomoyuki Tsunoda, Takeo Kondo, Department of Pediatric Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Center, Saiseikai Yokohama City Tobu Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0012, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsunoda
authors.affiliation: Manari Oikawa-Kawamoto, Tsuyoshi Sogo, Takeshi Yamaguchi, Tomoyuki Tsunoda, Takeo Kondo, Department of Pediatric Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Center, Saiseikai Yokohama City Tobu Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0012, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.affiliation: Manari Oikawa-Kawamoto, Tsuyoshi Sogo, Takeshi Yamaguchi, Tomoyuki Tsunoda, Takeo Kondo, Department of Pediatric Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Center, Saiseikai Yokohama City Tobu Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0012, Japan.
authors.forename: Haruki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.affiliation: Manari Oikawa-Kawamoto, Tsuyoshi Sogo, Takeshi Yamaguchi, Tomoyuki Tsunoda, Takeo Kondo, Department of Pediatric Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Center, Saiseikai Yokohama City Tobu Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0012, Japan.
authors.forename: Ayano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Inui
authors.affiliation: Manari Oikawa-Kawamoto, Tsuyoshi Sogo, Takeshi Yamaguchi, Tomoyuki Tsunoda, Takeo Kondo, Department of Pediatric Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Center, Saiseikai Yokohama City Tobu Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0012, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujisawa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D001835:Body Weight; D053705:Capsule Endoscopes; D053704:Capsule Endoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D005772:Gastrointestinal Transit; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D061214:Patient Safety; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Capsule endoscopy; Children; Complications; Infants; Retention; Small bowel transit time