title: A comprehensive evaluation of the toxicology of experimental, non-filtered cigarettes manufactured with different circumferences.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Historical work indicates that cigarette circumference may affect the toxicological profile of experimental cigarettes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Studies were conducted to examine the effect of different cigarette circumferences on (1) selected mainstream smoke constituents including concentrations of tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNA) in smoke and (2) mutagenicity and cytotoxicity of cigarette smoke condensate.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analytical chemistry, Salmonella mutagenicity and cytotoxicity assays were used to evaluate the composition and biological activity of mainstream smoke from experimental, non-filtered cigarettes manufactured with four different circumferences (17.0-27.1 mm).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most smoke constituents, including TSNA, decreased with decreasing cigarette circumference; however, amounts of hydrogen cyanide increased in a non-circumference dependent manner. Mutagenicity and cytotoxicity also decreased slightly with decreasing cigarette circumference.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cigarette circumference may have a minor role in the toxicological profile of experimental cigarettes, with a so-far-unidentified mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Carson Watts Consulting , King, NC , USA and.
authors.forename: Christopher R E
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Coggins
authors.forename: Willie J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: McKinney
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Oldham
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D041702:BALB 3T3 Cells; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D019597:Flax / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D006856:Hydrogen Cyanide / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D009602:Nitrosamines / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D010209:Paper; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D012906:Smoke / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D019460:Tobacco Industry / Q000379:methods; D062789:Tobacco Products / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D018675:Toxicity Tests
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens; D009602:Nitrosamines; D012906:Smoke; D006856:Hydrogen Cyanide