title: Residues of zearalenone (ZEN), deoxynivalenol (DON) and their metabolites in plasma of dairy cows fed Fusarium contaminated maize and their relationships to performance parameters.
abstract: A feeding trial with dairy cows fed graded proportions of a Fusarium toxin contaminated maize containing mainly deoxynivalenol (DON) was carried out to relate the plasma levels of DON, zearalenone (ZEN) and their metabolites to the performance. German Holstein cows (n=30) were divided into three groups (n=10 in each): CON (0.02mgZEN and 0.07mgDON, per kg dry matter, DM), FUS-50 (0.33mg ZEN and 2.62mgDON, per kg DM), FUS-100 (0.66mgZEN and 5.24mgDON, per kg DM). The average performance level was characterised by daily DM intake, energy balance and milk yield which were not affected by the DON and ZEN levels in feed. DON, de-epoxy-DON (de-DON) and ZEN were detected simultaneously in all plasma samples. A linear relationship between toxin intake and plasma levels could be established. Moreover, a linear relationship between DON and de-DON concentration could be derived. It was concluded that DON and ZEN intake of 0.5mgZEN/kg and 5mgDON/kg (current guidance values) had no considerable effects on the performance parameter of dairy cows. Furthermore, increased plasma concentrations of ZEN, DON and de-DON may hint on toxin exposure through the diets.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute (FLI), Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Bundesallee 50, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany. Electronic address: janine.winkler@fli.bund.de.
authors.forename: Janine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Winkler
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute (FLI), Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Bundesallee 50, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany. Electronic address: susanne.kersten@fli.bund.de.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kersten
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute (FLI), Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Bundesallee 50, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany. Electronic address: ulrich.meyer@fli.bund.de.
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany. Electronic address: u.engelhardt@tu-braunschweig.de.
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Engelhardt
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute (FLI), Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Bundesallee 50, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany. Electronic address: sven.daenicke@fli.bund.de.
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dänicke
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003612:Dairying; D005670:Fusarium / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000097:blood*; D003313:Zea mays / Q000382:microbiology*; D015025:Zearalenone / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D014255:Trichothecenes; D015025:Zearalenone; C007262:deoxynivalenol
keywords: Dairy cows; Deoxynivalenol; Fusarium; Plasma; Zearalenone