title: Anti-apoptotic and pro-survival effect of protocatechuic acid on hypertensive hearts.
abstract: Cardiac apoptosis was found in hearts from hypertensive animals, therefore in this study we aimed to evaluate the anti-apoptotic and pro-survival effects of protocatechuic acid (PCA) on hypertensive hearts. At first we found that, sedentary group (SHR)-PCA group's decreased TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells than SHR group alone. Protein levels of Fas ligand, Fas death receptor, Fas-associated death domain (FADD), Bid, t-Bid, Bax, cytochrome c, activated caspase-8, activated caspase 9 and activated caspase-3 were decreased in SHR-PCA group compared with SHR group. Moreover, SHR-PCA groups increased pro-survival pathway proteins like IGF1, pIGF1R, pPI3K, p-Akt, Bcl-xL, and Bcl-2 than SHR and sedentary normotensive group (WKY). All these finding suggest us that, Protocatechuic acid prevented hypertension-enhanced cardiac Fas-dependent and mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathways and enhanced cardiac pro-survival pathway in rat models.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jeng-Shyan
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shin-Da
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wei-Wen
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Jen
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yueh-Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Divison of Cardiology, Department of internal medicine, Taipei Medical university-Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Phd program for Aging, China medical university, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wei-Syun
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Ching
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Bharath Kumar
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Velmurugan
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Fuu-Jen
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chang-Hai
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. Electronic address: cyhuang@mail.cmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Chih-Yang
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; C009091:protocatechuic acid
keywords: Caspase; Cell death; Fas receptor; Heart; Hypertension; Mitochondrial