title: Survey of pharmacist-managed primary care clinics using healthcare failure mode and effect analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The primary objective was to expand upon results of a previously piloted patient perception survey with Healthcare Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (HFMEA), to identify areas within pharmacist-managed clinics needing improvement.
  
  
  METHODS
  The survey was adapted for use in pharmacist-managed clinics. Patients completed the survey following regularly scheduled pharmacist appointments. Data were analyzed with a method adapted from HFMEA. Product scores could range from five to 25. A product of five indicates that pharmacists are doing a good job on the items that patients place the most value on, while a product score of 25 indicates that pharmacists are doing a poor job. A score greater than or equal to ten was used to identify areas for improvement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-one patients completed surveys. Thirteen components were assessed and no item achieved a mean product greater than or equal to ten. The survey item with the highest mean product pertained to discussion of potential medication side effects (mean: 7.06; interquartile range: 5-10). Analysis of each survey item found that all survey items had multiple individual responses that provided a product score of greater than or equal to ten. The survey items most frequently listed in the overall population as being most valued were "Told you the name of each of your medicines and what they are used for", "Answered your questions fully," and "Explained what your medicines do".
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Educational components provided during pharmacist-managed clinic appointments are aligned with patients' needs and are successfully incorporating the components that patients value highly in a patient-healthcare provider interaction. The HFMEA model can be an important teaching tool to identify specific processes in need of improvement and to help enhance pharmacists' self-efficacy, which may further improve patient care.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Purdue University ; & IU Health - Methodist, Adult Ambulatory Care Center. Indianapolis, IN ( United States ).
authors.forename: Ashley H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Vincent
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Purdue University ; & Wishard Health Services, Ambulatory Care Pharmacy. Indianapolis, IN ( United States ).
authors.forename: Jasmine D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Gonzalvo
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Butler University ; & Primary Care Pharmacy, R.L. Roudebush VA Medical Center. Indianapolis, IN ( United States ).
authors.forename: Darin C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Ramsey
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Butler University ; & Ambulatory Care Pharmacy, St. Vincent Health. Indianapolis, IN ( United States ).
authors.forename: Alison M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Walton
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Purdue University . Primary Care Pharmacy, Wishard Health Services. Indianapolis, IN ( United States ).
authors.forename: Zachary A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Butler University ; & Primary Care Pharmacy, St. Vincent Health. Indianapolis, IN ( United States ).
authors.forename: Jessica E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Wilhoite
keywords: Delivery of Health Care; Pharmaceutical Services; Systems Analysis; Total Quality Management; United States