title: HPLC study of migration of terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid from PET bottles into edible oils.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) containers for food oil packaging were evaluated with a newly established determination method for terephthalic acid (TPA) and isophthalic acid (IPA). The analysis of monomers, TPA and IPA that migrate from PET bottles into oils was performed using high-pressure liquid chromatography with a diode array detector. Three types of commercial oils (sunflower oil, canola oil and blended oil which included sunflower oil, soy bean oil and cottonseed oil) were bottled in PET containers. These samples were incubated for 10 days at 49 °C as accelerated test condition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The means of recovery for this method varied from 70% to 72% and from 101% to 111% for TPA and IPA, respectively. The results showed that the amounts of specific migration of TPA and IPA into the samples conform to European Union legislation that identifies specific migration limits. More important, the results highlighted a different behavior of migration as a function of the fatty acid profile.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Previous investigations have been performed with food simulants such as HB307 or 20% ethanol but our study used real food samples and determined trace amounts of the migrated compounds. Further investigation will be needed to better explain the influence of fatty acid conformation on migration of PET monomers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Amin Mousavi
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Khaneghah
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Limbo
authors.forename: Shahram
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shoeibi
authors.forename: Somayeh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mazinani
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D003369:Cottonseed Oil; D004032:Diet; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D005062:European Union; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D018857:Food Packaging; D061353:Food Storage; D006801:Humans; D010795:Phthalic Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates / Q000032:analysis*; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D013024:Soybean Oil; D000074242:Sunflower Oil
chemical_list: D003369:Cottonseed Oil; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D010795:Phthalic Acids; D010938:Plant Oils; D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; C059768:isophthalate; C011363:terephthalic acid; D013024:Soybean Oil
keywords: HPLC; isophthalic acid; oils; polyethylene terephthalate; specific migration; terephthalic acid