title: Revisiting pneumonia and exposure status in infants born to HIV-infected mothers.
abstract: HIV-exposed uninfected infants are an increasing population. Past analyses have often categorized these infants as uninfected leading to inaccurate conclusions. We present a HIV exposure, rather than infection, based reanalysis of treatment failure among children with pneumonia to show that failure odds among HIV-exposed uninfected infants are intermediate between their unexposed and infected counterparts. Additional prospective studies aimed at better understanding this population are needed.
authors.affiliation: From the *Center for Global Health and Development, Boston University; †Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA; ‡Pediatrics Department, N. Mandela School of Medicine, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; §Department of Maternal Newborn Child and Adolescent Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland; and ¶Department of International Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Rasa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Izadnegahdar
authors.forename: Matthew P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: Prakash
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jeena
authors.forename: Shamim A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Qazi
authors.forename: Donald M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Thea
mesh_terms: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D007630:Kenya / Q000453:epidemiology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy / Q000821:virology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D013019:South Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D017211:Treatment Failure
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents