title: The effect of various primers on shear bond strength of zirconia ceramic and resin composite.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the in vitro shear bond strengths (SBS) of zirconia ceramic to resin composite after various primer treatments.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty zirconia ceramic (Zeno, Wieland Dental) specimens (10 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick) were prepared, sandblasted with 50 μm alumina, and divided into four groups (n = 10). Three experimental groups were surface treated with three primers; CP (RelyX Ceramic Primer, 3M ESPE), AP (Alloy Primer, Kuraray Medical), and MP (Monobond Plus, Ivoclar Vivadent AG). One group was not treated and served as the control. All specimens were bonded to a resin composite (Filtek Supreme XT, 3M ESPE) cylinder with an adhesive system (Adper Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus Adhesive, 3M ESPE) and then stored in 100% humidity at 37°C for 24 h before SBS testing in a universal testing machine. Mean SBS (MPa) were analyzed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test (α = 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group AP yielded the highest mean and standard deviation (SD) value of SBS (16.8 ± 2.5 MPa) and Group C presented the lowest mean and SD value (15.4 ± 1.6 MPa). The SBS did not differ significantly among the groups (P = 0.079).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limitations of this study, the SBS values between zirconia ceramic to resin composite using various primers and untreated surface were not significantly different.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand ; Maxillofacial Prosthodontics Rehabilitation Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand.
authors.forename: Sasiwimol
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sanohkan
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Materials Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand ; Maxillofacial Prosthodontics Rehabilitation Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand.
authors.forename: Boonlert
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kukiattrakoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand.
authors.forename: Narongrit
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Larpboonphol
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand.
authors.forename: Taewalit
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sae-Yib
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand.
authors.forename: Thibet
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jampa
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand.
authors.forename: Satawat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Manoppan
keywords: Primer; resin composite; shear bond strength; zirconia ceramic