title: Exhaled breath condensate detects baseline reductions in chloride and increases in response to albuterol in cystic fibrosis patients.
abstract: Impaired ion regulation and dehydration is the primary pathophysiology in cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. A potential application of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) collection is to assess airway surface liquid ionic composition at baseline and in response to pharmacological therapy in CF. Our aims were to determine if EBC could detect differences in ion regulation between CF and healthy and measure the effect of the albuterol on EBC ions in these populations. Baseline EBC Cl(-), DLCO and SpO2 were lower in CF (n = 16) compared to healthy participants (n = 16). EBC Cl(-) increased in CF subjects, while there was no change in DLCO or membrane conductance, but a decrease in pulmonary-capillary blood volume in both groups following albuterol. This resulted in an improvement in diffusion at the alveolar-capillary unit, and removal of the baseline difference in SpO2 by 90-minutes in CF subjects. These results demonstrate that EBC detects differences in ion regulation between healthy and CF individuals, and that albuterol mediates increases in Cl(-) in CF, suggesting that the benefits of albuterol extend beyond simple bronchodilation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
authors.forename: Courtney M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Wheatley
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics- Pulmonology, Allergy and Immunology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
authors.forename: Wayne J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
authors.forename: Nicholas A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Cassuto
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
authors.forename: William T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Foxx-Lupo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics- Pulmonology, Allergy and Immunology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
authors.forename: Cori L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Daines
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
authors.forename: Mary A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona. ; Department of Pediatrics- Pulmonology, Allergy and Immunology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Phan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
authors.forename: Eric M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Snyder
keywords: diffusion capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide and nitric oxide (DLCO/DLNO); exhaled chloride; exhaled sodium; peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2)