title: Clinical immunotherapy of B-cell malignancy using CD19-targeted CAR T-cells.
abstract: The CD19 molecule is ubiquitously expressed throughout all stages of B-cell differentiation, but is not found on haemopoietic stem cells. Since most B-cell leukaemias and lymphomas retain CD19 expression, it represents an excellent target for immunotherapy of these malignant disorders. Over the past 10 years, compelling pre-clinical evidence has accrued to indicate that expression of a CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) in peripheral blood T-cells exerts therapeutic efficacy in diverse models of B-cell malignancy. Building on this, clinical studies are ongoing in several centres in which autologous CD19-specific CAR T-cells are undergoing evaluation in patients with acute and chronic B-cell leukaemia and refractory lymphoma. Early data have generated considerable excitement, providing grounds to speculate that CAR-based immunotherapy will radically alter existing management paradigms in B-cell malignancy. The focus of this mini-review is to evaluate these emerging clinical data and to speculate on clinical prospects for this new therapeutic modality.
authors.affiliation: CAR Mechanics Group, King's College London, King's Health Partners Integrated Cancer Centre, Department of Research Oncology, Guy's Hospital Campus, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK. john.maher@kcl.ac.uk.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Maher
mesh_terms: D018941:Antigens, CD19 / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D018941:Antigens, CD19; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins