title: Prefabrication of axial vascularized tissue engineering coral bone by an arteriovenous loop: a better model.
abstract: The most important problem for the survival of thick 3-dimensional tissues is the lack of vascularization in the context of bone tissue engineering. In this study, a modified arteriovenous loop (AVL) was developed to prefabricate an axial vascularized tissue engineering coral bone in rabbit, with comparison of the arteriovenous bundle (AVB) model. An arteriovenous fistula between rabbit femoral artery and vein was anastomosed to form an AVL. It was placed in a circular side groove of the coral block. The complex was wrapped with an expanded-polytetrafluoroethylene membrane and implanted beneath inguinal skin. After 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks, the degree of vascularization was evaluated by India ink perfusion, histological examination, vascular casts, and scanning electron microscopy images of vascular endangium. Newly formed fibrous tissues and vasculature extended over the surfaces and invaded the interspaces of entire coral block. The new blood vessels robustly sprouted from the AVL. Those invaginated cavities in the vascular endangium from scanning electron microscopy indicated vessel's sprouted pores. Above indexes in AVL model are all superior to that in AVB model, indicating that the modified AVL model could more effectively develop vascularization in larger tissue engineering bone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Qing-shan
authors.initials: QS
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Hong-tao
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Lab of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
authors.forename: Fu-lin
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Jun-rui
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Jia-ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Tian-qiu
authors.initials: TQ
authors.lastname: Mao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D037421:Anthozoa / Q000502:physiology*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000502:physiology*; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000502:physiology; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning / Q000379:methods; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology*; D011817:Rabbits; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods; D014680:Veins / Q000502:physiology