title: Beyond early infant diagnosis: case finding strategies for identification of HIV-infected infants and children.
abstract: There are 3.4 million children infected with HIV worldwide, with up to 2.6 million eligible for treatment under current guidelines. However, roughly 70% of infected children are not receiving live-saving HIV care and treatment. Strengthening case finding through improved diagnosis strategies, and actively linking identified HIV-infected children to care and treatment is essential to ensuring that these children benefit from the care and treatment available to them. Without attention or advocacy, the majority of these children will remain undiagnosed and die from complications of HIV. In this article, we summarize the challenges of identifying HIV-infected infants and children, review currently available evidence and guidance, describe promising new strategies for case finding, and make recommendations for future research and interventions to improve identification of HIV-infected infants and children.
authors.affiliation: aBaylor College of Medicine Clinical Centre of Excellence, Lilongwe, Malawi bClinton Health Access Initiative, New York, New York cUnited States Agency for International Development, Washington, DC, USA dCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia eManagement Sciences for Health, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Saeed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Maria H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Nandita
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sugandhi
authors.forename: B Ryan
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Phelps
authors.forename: Rachael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sabelli
authors.forename: Mamadou O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Diallo
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Duncan
authors.forename: Scott E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Kellerman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002662:Child Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards; D054540:Child, Orphaned; D002675:Child, Preschool; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006801:Humans; D017589:Immunization Programs; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011640:Public Policy; D012944:Social Support; D012947:Social Work / Q000379:methods*; D035862:Vulnerable Populations; D055815:Young Adult