title: Cytokine profile in the gingival crevicular fluid of rheumatoid arthritis patients with chronic periodontitis.
abstract: The aim was to assess the cytokine profile in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with chronic periodontitis (CP). Databases were searched from 1991 to August 2013 using a combination of various keywords. Eight studies were included. The GCF concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-10, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, MMP-13 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were reported to be higher in patients with RA than in healthy controls (HC) without CP. In one study, TNF-α levels in GCF were significantly higher in HC than in RA patients receiving anti-TNF-α therapy. One study reported no significant difference in GCF TNF-α levels among RA patients and HC regardless of anti-TNF-α therapy. One study reported no difference in IL-1β and prostaglandin E2 levels among RA patients and HC with CP. Raised levels of proinflammatory cytokines are exhibited in the GCF of RA patients with CP.
authors.affiliation: Engineer Abdullah Bugshan Research Chair for Growth Factors and Bone Regeneration, 3D Imaging and Biomechanical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Fawad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Javed
authors.forename: Hameeda B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Toshinari
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mikami
authors.forename: Khalid
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Almas
authors.forename: Georgios E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Romanos
authors.forename: Khalid
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Al-Hezaimi
mesh_terms: D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000276:immunology*; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis*; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007378:Interleukins / Q000032:analysis; D053509:Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 / Q000032:analysis; D020784:Matrix Metalloproteinase 8 / Q000032:analysis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007378:Interleukins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C507079:MMP13 protein, human; D053509:Matrix Metalloproteinase 13; C488762:MMP8 protein, human; D020784:Matrix Metalloproteinase 8
keywords: chronic periodontitis; cytokine; gingival crevicular fluid; rheumatoid arthritis