title: Predicting early intrahepatic recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after microwave ablation using SELDI-TOF proteomic signature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Despite great progress in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) over the last-decade, intrahepatic recurrence is still the most frequent serious adverse event after all the treatments including microwave ablation. This study aimed to predict early recurrence of HCC after microwave ablation using serum proteomic signature.
  
  
  METHODS
  After curative microwave ablation of HCC, 86 patients were followed-up for 1 year. Serum samples were collected before microwave ablation. The mass spectra of proteins were generated using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF MS). Serum samples from 50 patients were randomly selected as a training set and for biomarkers discovery and model development. The remaining serum samples were categorized for validation of the algorithm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  According to preablation serum protein profiling obtained from the 50 HCC samples in the training set, nine significant differentially-expressed proteins were detected in the serum samples between recurrent and non-recurrent patients. Decision classification tree combined with three candidate proteins with m/z values of 7787, 6858 and 6646 was produced using Biomarker Patterns Software with sensitivity of 85.7% and specificity of 88.9% in the training set. When the SELDI marker pattern was tested with the blinded testing set, it yielded a sensitivity of 80.0%, a specificity of 88.5% and a positive predictive value of 86.1%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Differentially-expressed protein peaks in preablation serum screened by SELDI are associated with prognosis of HCC. The decision classification tree is a potential tool in predicting early intrahepatic recurrence in HCC patients after microwave ablation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Ultrasound, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China ; Department of Ultrasound, Southern Building Clinic Division, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-lin
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Ultrasound, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China ; Department of Ultrasound, the 306th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Ultrasound, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-ling
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Ultrasound, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Ultrasound, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Bao-wei
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Ultrasound, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Ultrasound, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Ultrasound, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Fang-yi
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D003663:Decision Trees; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008872:Microwaves / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011379:Prognosis; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D047368:Tumor Burden
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D001798:Blood Proteins