title: Edible gardens in early childhood education settings in Aotearoa, New Zealand.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This paper aims to explore the presence and role of edible gardens in Aotearoa/New Zealand Early Childhood Education Services (ECES).
  
  
  METHODS
  Participant ECES providers were identified from the Ministry of Education database of Early Childhood Education Services (March 2009). These include Education and Care and Casual Education and Care, Kindergarten, Home-based Education and Care services, Playcentres, Te Kōhanga Reo. A structured, self-administered questionnaire was sent to the Principal or Head Teacher of the service.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 211 ECES that responded (55% response rate), 71% had edible gardens, incorporating vegetables, berry fruit, tree fruit, edible flowers and nut trees. Garden activities were linked with teaching across all strands of the New Zealand early childhood curriculum. In addition, 34% provided guidance on using garden produce and 30% linked the garden with messages on fruit and vegetable consumption. Most gardens were established recently (past 2 years) and relied on financial and non-financial support from parents, teachers and community organisations. Barriers included a lack of funding, space, time and staff support.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Study findings suggest that gardens are already being used as a versatile teaching tool in many ECES settings. Most gardens are new, with a need to support the sustainability and workforce development among teachers and parents in order to be able to maintain these resources for future generations. SO WHAT?: Given the inherent links between gardening and healthy food and exercise, there seem to be extensive opportunities for health promotion aligned with the edible garden movement.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Society Social and Behavioural Research Unit, University of Otago, PO Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.affiliation: Cancer Society Social and Behavioural Research Unit, University of Otago, PO Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Richards
authors.affiliation: Cancer Society Social and Behavioural Research Unit, University of Otago, PO Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.affiliation: Cancer Society Social and Behavioural Research Unit, University of Otago, PO Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Reeder
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, PO Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gray
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D003256:Community Participation; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D005378:Financial Support; D005638:Fruit / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000600:supply & distribution; D051639:Gardening / Q000193:education* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D009520:New Zealand; D012578:Schools, Nursery / Q000639:trends*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014675:Vegetables / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000600:supply & distribution