title: The GC/MS Analysis of Volatile Components Extracted by Different Methods from Exocarpium Citri Grandis.
abstract: Volatile components from Exocarpium Citri Grandis (ECG) were, respectively, extracted by three methods, that is, steam distillation (SD), headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME), and solvent extraction (SE). A total of 81 compounds were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry including 77 (SD), 56 (HS-SPME), and 48 (SE) compounds, respectively. Despite of the extraction method, terpenes (39.98~57.81%) were the main volatile components of ECG, mainly germacrene-D, limonene, 2,6,8,10,14-hexadecapentaene, 2,6,11,15-tetramethyl-, (E,E,E)-, and trans-caryophyllene. Comparison was made among the three methods in terms of extraction profile and property. SD relatively gave an entire profile of volatile in ECG by long-time extraction; SE enabled the analysis of low volatility and high molecular weight compounds but lost some volatiles components; HS-SPME generated satisfactory extraction efficiency and gave similar results to those of SD at analytical level when consuming less sample amount, shorter extraction time, and simpler procedure. Although SD and SE were treated as traditionally preparative extractive techniques for volatiles in both small batches and large scale, HS-SPME coupled with GC/MS could be useful and appropriative for the rapid extraction and qualitative analysis of volatile components from medicinal plants at analytical level.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou 510006, China ; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Advanced Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Zhisheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou 510006, China ; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Advanced Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Qundi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou 510006, China ; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Advanced Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Zhikun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou 510006, China ; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Advanced Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Mingqian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou 510006, China ; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Advanced Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoxue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou 510006, China ; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Advanced Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Depo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou 510006, China ; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Advanced Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Xinjun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu