title: Proteome analysis of roots of wheat seedlings under aluminum stress.
abstract: The root apex is considered the first sites of aluminum (Al) toxicity and the reduction in root biomass leads to poor uptake of water and nutrients. Aluminum is considered the most limiting factor for plant productivity in acidic soils. Aluminum is a light metal that makes up 7 % of the earth's scab dissolving ionic forms. The inhibition of root growth is recognized as the primary effect of Al toxicity. Seeds of wheat cv. Keumkang were germinated on petridish for 5 days and then transferred hydroponic apparatus which was treated without or with 100 and 150 μM AlCl3 for 5 days. The length of roots, shoots and fresh weight of wheat seedlings were decreased under aluminum stress. The concentration of K(+), Mg(2+) and Ca(2+) were decreased, whereas Al(3+) and P2O5 (-) concentration was increased under aluminum stress. Using confocal microscopy, the fluorescence intensity of aluminum increased with morin staining. A proteome analysis was performed to identify proteins, which are responsible to aluminum stress in wheat roots. Proteins were extracted from roots and separated by 2-DE. A total of 47 protein spots were changed under Al stress. Nineteen proteins were significantly increased such as sadenosylmethionine, oxalate oxidase, malate dehydrogenase, cysteine synthase, ascorbate peroxidase and/or, 28 protein spots were significantly decreased such as heat shock protein 70, O-methytransferase 4, enolase, and amylogenin. Our results highlight the importance and identification of stress and defense responsive proteins with morphological and physiological state under Al stress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, 410 Seongbong-ro, Heungdeok-gu, Cheong-ju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Korea.
authors.forename: Myeong Won
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Swapan Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: Abu Hena Mostofa
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Kamal
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Seong-Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Chul-Soo
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jong-Soon
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Setsuko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: Sun-Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Woo
mesh_terms: D000535:Aluminum / Q000633:toxicity; D060387:Ascorbate Peroxidases / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020543:Proteome; D036226:Seedlings / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014908:Triticum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D020543:Proteome; D000535:Aluminum; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D060387:Ascorbate Peroxidases; C020598:oxalate oxidase