title: Cancer immunotherapy using tumor cryoablation.
abstract: Cryoablation is increasingly being used as a primary treatment for localized cancers and as a salvage therapy for metastatic cancers. Anecdotal clinical reports and animal experiments have confirmed an induction of systemic antitumor immune response by tumor cryoablation. To capitalize on the stimulatory effects of cryoablation for cancer immunotherapy, this response must be intensified using other immunomodulatory agents. This article reviews the preclinical and clinical evidence and discusses the mechanism of the antitumor immune response generated by cryoablation. The rationale and evidence behind several immunotherapy approaches that can be combined with cryoablation to devise a cryoimmunotherapeutic strategy with a potential to impact the progression of metastatic disease are described.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Suite 2513, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA. abhinavsidana01@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Abhinav
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sidana
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003452:Cryosurgery / Q000379:methods*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D007109:Immunity; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm