title: The early and mid-term results of mitral valve repair for mitral regurgitation in children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the surgical techniques and mid-term results of mitral valve repair in children with moderate or severe mitral regurgitation (MR).
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and seven children with moderate or severe MR, aged 19.6 ± 8.5 months, were enrolled in this study. The surgical techniques used for mitral valve repair varied according to the mitral valve morphology, and included annuloplasty, annuloplasty ring, cleft closure, reconstruction of the posterior leaflet, etc. The concomitant cardiac anomalies were treated simultaneously. The results of repair were evaluated by transesophageal echocardiography performed during the operation and by serial transthoracic echocardiography performed during the follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred and six cases had no more than mild regurgitation intraoperatively, whereas only one case had moderate regurgitation. This patient underwent redo repair immediately, and the subsequent regurgitation was trivial. The in-hospital mortality rate was 0.9 % (1/107). The average follow-up was 46.5 ± 8.2 months. One patient died of heart failure 10 months postoperatively. The freedom from moderate or severe regurgitation after mitral valve repair was 92.3 ± 3.3 %.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pediatric patients with moderate or severe MR require early surgical treatment. The early and mid-term results of mitral valve repair in pediatric patients were satisfactory.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
authors.forename: Zhaolei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Ju
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mei
authors.forename: Fangbao
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Chunrong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.forename: Jiaquan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Jianbing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Saie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D004452:Echocardiography; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D058386:Mitral Valve Annuloplasty / Q000379:methods*; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome