title: Serum levels of irisin in gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy and after delivery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Irisin has recently been introduced as a novel an exercise-inducible myokine which improves glucose metabolism in mice. However, regulation of circulating irisin in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and in the peripartal period has not been assessed so far.
  
  
  METHODS
  Circulating irisin was quantified in 74 GDM patients and in 74 healthy, pregnant, gestational age-matched controls. In a subset of these patients (44 GDM, 41 controls), postpartum follow-up data were also available. In a second study population of 40 healthy women with singleton pregnancies undergoing elective Cesarean section, irisin was assessed in maternal serum before and within 24h after delivery, as well as in umbilical cord blood and in placental tissue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the first study population, median [interquartile range] irisin levels were significantly higher in GDM patients as compared to controls after delivery (previous GDM: 446.3 [146.9]μg/l; controls: 378.0 [111.4]μg/l) but not during pregnancy (GDM: 482.1 [132.1]μg/l; controls: 466.6 [178.0]μg/l). Interestingly, fasting insulin (FI) was independently and positively associated with serum irisin in multivariate analysis during pregnancy. In agreement with these findings, relative changes (ratio) of FI independently and positively predicted relative changes of irisin (ratio) in the second study population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The myokine irisin is independently associated with FI in pregnancy. The physiological significance of these findings needs to be assessed in future experiments.
authors.affiliation: University of Leipzig, Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB AdiposityDiseases, 04103 Leipzig, Germany. Electronic address: thomas.ebert@medizin.uni-leipzig.de.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ebert
authors.affiliation: University of Leipzig, Department of Obstetrics, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Stepan
authors.affiliation: University of Leipzig, Department of Obstetrics, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schrey
authors.affiliation: University of Leipzig, Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB AdiposityDiseases, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kralisch
authors.affiliation: University of Leipzig, Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB AdiposityDiseases, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Janka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hindricks
authors.affiliation: University of Leipzig, Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB AdiposityDiseases, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hopf
authors.affiliation: University of Leipzig, Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB AdiposityDiseases, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Platz
authors.affiliation: University of Leipzig, Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB AdiposityDiseases, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lossner
authors.affiliation: University of Leipzig, Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Beate
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jessnitzer
authors.affiliation: Centre for Trophoblast Research, Medical School, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Sascha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Drewlo
authors.affiliation: University of Leipzig, Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blüher
authors.affiliation: University of Leipzig, Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stumvoll
authors.affiliation: University of Leipzig, Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB AdiposityDiseases, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fasshauer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood*; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D051379:Mice; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D058725:Peripartum Period / Q000097:blood; D049590:Postpartum Period / Q000097:blood; D011247:Pregnancy; D012044:Regression Analysis
chemical_list: C577593:FNDC5 protein, human; D005353:Fibronectins; D007328:Insulin
keywords: AFABP; BMI; C reactive protein; CRP; ELISA; FFA; FG; FGF-21; FI; GDM; Gestational diabetes mellitus; HDL; HOMA-IR; HbA1c; Irisin; LDL; Myokine; OGTT; Pregnancy; T2DM; TG; WHR; adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein; body mass-index; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; fasting glucose; fasting insulin; fibroblast growth factor-21; free fatty acids; gestational diabetes mellitus; glycosylated hemoglobin A1c; high density lipoprotein; homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; low density lipoprotein; oral glucose tolerance test; triglycerides; type 2 diabetes mellitus; waist to hip-ratio