title: Comprehensive multiphase NMR spectroscopy of intact ¹³C-labeled seeds.
abstract: Seeds are complex entities composed of liquids, gels, and solids. NMR spectroscopy is a powerful tool for studying molecular structure but has evolved into two fields, solution and solid state. Comprehensive multiphase (CMP) NMR spectroscopy is capable of liquid-, gel-, and solid-state experiments for studying intact samples where all organic components are studied and differentiated in situ. Herein, intact (13)C-labeled seeds were studied by a variety of 1D/2D (1)H/(13)C experiments. In the mobile phase, an assortment of metabolites in a single (13)C-labeled wheat seed were identified; the gel phase was dominated by triacylglycerides; the semisolid phase was composed largely of carbohydrate biopolymers, and the solid phase was greatly influenced by starchy endosperm signals. Subsequently, the seeds were compared and relative similarities and differences between seed types discussed. This study represents the first application of CMP-NMR to food chemistry and demonstrates its general utility and feasibility for studying intact heterogeneous samples.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical and Environment Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough , 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M1C 1A4.
authors.forename: Leayen
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Soong
authors.forename: Andre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sutrisno
authors.forename: Ries
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Visser
authors.forename: Myrna J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.forename: Heather L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Wheeler
authors.forename: Malcolm
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Werner E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Maas
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fey
authors.forename: Antonie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gorissen
authors.forename: Howard
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hutchins
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Andrew
authors.forename: Jochem
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Struppe
authors.forename: Sridevi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Krishnamurthy
authors.forename: Rajeev
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Monette
authors.forename: Henry J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Stronks
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hume
authors.forename: André J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Simpson
mesh_terms: D001937:Brassica / Q000737:chemistry; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D005989:Glycerides / Q000737:chemistry; D007553:Isotope Labeling; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D014908:Triticum / Q000737:chemistry; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D005989:Glycerides
keywords: NMR spectroscopy; broccoli; corn; in situ analysis; intact sample; multiphase; seeds; triacylglyceride (TAG); wheat