title: Academic misconduct among students in medical colleges of Karachi, Pakistan.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the trends of academic misconduct in undergraduate students of different private and government section medical institutes.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross sectional study was conducted at three medical colleges of Karachi, Pakistan. The students were evaluated by giving a self reported questionnaire containing various questions assessing their educational dishonesty and cheating behaviors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 274 students from different years completed the questionnaire. Mean age was 21.48 ± 1.89 years. Most of the students were in 4(th) year (n=86; 31.3%). There were 182 (66.5%) females and 92 (33.5%) males. Majority of the students (n=155; 55.1%) accepted that they have cheated at least once. There was no significant difference regarding acceptance of cheating among different years of study (p=0.23) however females were found to accept cheating more as compared to males (p=0.036). First year students were found more to ask teachers for answers during OSCE (p=0.01). A large number of students accepted that they mark proxy for their friends (85.7%) and also ask their friends to mark proxy for them (85.03%). Nearly half (44.02%) of the students rotating in wards also admitted to write fake histories.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A large number of medical students admitted cheating and involvement in other academic misconduct. We need to improve our educational system, formally add professional session and strict disciplinary action should be taken against those who are found guilty.
authors.affiliation: Dr. Kamran Hafeez, FCPS, Assistant Professor Orthopedics, Dow International Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Kamran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hafeez
authors.affiliation: Dr. Muhammad Laiq-uz-Zaman Khan, FCPS, Assistant Professor Surgery, Dow International Medical College, Dow University Hospital, Ojha Campus, KDA Scheme 33, Gulzar-e-Hijri, Suparco Road, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laiq-Uz-Zaman Khan
authors.affiliation: Dr. Masood Jawaid, FCPS, Assistant Professor Surgery, Dow International Medical College, Dow University Hospital, Ojha Campus, KDA Scheme 33, Gulzar-e-Hijri, Suparco Road, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Masood
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jawaid
authors.affiliation: Dr. Saroona Haroon, FCPS, Senior Instructor, Histopathology, Department of Pathology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Saroona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haroon
keywords: Academic misconduct; Medical students