title: Antimony uptake, efflux and speciation in arsenic hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata.
abstract: Even though antimony (Sb) and arsenic (As) are chemical analogs, differences exist on how they are taken up and translocated in plants. We investigated 1) Sb uptake, efflux and speciation in arsenic hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata after 1 d exposure to 1.6 or 8 mg/L antimonite (SbIII) or antimonate (SbV), 2) Sb uptake by PV accessions from Florida, China, and Brazil after 7 d exposure to 8 mg/L SbIII, and 3) Sb uptake and oxidation by excised PV fronds after 1 d exposure to 8 mg/L SbIII or SbV. After 1 d exposure, P. vittata took 23-32 times more SbIII than SbV, with all Sb being accumulated in the roots with the highest at 4,192 mg/kg. When exposed to 8 mg/L SbV, 98% of Sb existed as SbV in the roots. In comparison, when exposed to 8 mg/L SbIII, 81% of the total Sb remained as SbIII and 26% of the total Sb was effluxed out into the media. The three PV accessions had a similar ability to accumulate Sb at 12,000 mg/kg in the roots, with >99% of total Sb in the roots. Excised PV fronds translocated SbV more efficiently from the petioles to pinnae than SbIII and were unable to oxidize SbIII. Overall, P. vittata displayed efficient root uptake and efflux of SbIII with limited ability to translocate and transform in the roots.
authors.affiliation: Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
authors.forename: Rujira
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tisarum
authors.affiliation: State Key Lab of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210046, China; Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
authors.forename: Jason T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Lessl
authors.affiliation: Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaoling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
authors.forename: Letuzia M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
authors.forename: Bala
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rathinasabapathi
authors.affiliation: State Key Lab of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210046, China; Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. Electronic address: Lqma@ufl.edu.
authors.forename: Lena Q
authors.initials: LQ
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000965:Antimony / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D001151:Arsenic / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism; D032495:Pteris / Q000502:physiology*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D012989:Soil Pollutants; D000965:Antimony; D001151:Arsenic
keywords: Antimony; Pteris vittata; Speciation; Translocation; Uptake