title: New insights into the role of erythrocytes in thrombus formation.
abstract: The role of erythrocytes in thrombus formation has previously been regarded as passive by their influence on rheology. Erythrocytes are known, due to their abundance and size, to push platelets to the vascular wall (laminar shearing). This results in an increased platelet delivery at the vascular wall enabling platelets to seal off a vascular damage preventing excessive blood loss. Recently, there is new evidence for erythrocytes to influence thrombus formation in multiple ways besides their effect on rheology. Several groups have shown that besides platelets, erythrocytes are the main suppliers of phosphatidylserine-exposing membranes needed for coagulation resulting in fibrin formation. In addition, our group has found that the intercellular adhesion molecule 4-αIIbβ3 interaction mediates erythrocyte-platelet interaction in flowing blood. By inhibiting this interaction, we found decreased thrombin formation and decreased incorporation of erythrocytes into a thrombus. This review will provide more in-detail information of existing and new hypotheses regarding the role of erythrocytes in thrombus formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Vivian X
authors.initials: VX
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Huskens
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Coen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Maas
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Raed
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Al Dieri
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Philip G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: de Groot
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Bas
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: de Laat
mesh_terms: D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000502:physiology*; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism*; D004910:Erythrocyte Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D010718:Phosphatidylserines / Q000378:metabolism*; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000378:metabolism*; D012212:Rheology
chemical_list: D010718:Phosphatidylserines; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex