title: Progress in development of Group A Streptococcus vaccines.
abstract: Streptococcus pyogenes or Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a major Gram-positive human pathogen that causes diverse human diseases with a high morbidity and mortality worldwide. The development of an effective GAS vaccine is hindered by the occurrence of many unique GAS serotypes, the complexity of the global epidemiology of GAS infections, and safety concerns over the cross-reactivity of some antigen-specific antibodies with human tissues and proteins. Although no licensed GAS vaccine is available, a number of candidate vaccines have been or are being evaluated in laboratory or in clinical trials. This minireview provides brief information on the progress and difficulty in the development of GAS vaccines.
authors.forename: Yingli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Xiaolan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chunmei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Fengmin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China. dzhuhui@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000379:methods*; D015195:Drug Design; D006801:Humans; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy*; D013297:Streptococcus pyogenes / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines