title: Prevalence of ZAP-70 and CD 38 in Indian chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common chronic lympho-proliferative disorder. This study was undertaken to know the prevalence of ZAP-70 and CD 38 in the treatment naive patients of CLL seen at a tertiary care centre of north India.
  
  
  METHODS
  ZAP-70 and CD 38 were tested by flow cytometry on peripheral blood samples. ZAP-70 positive and CD 38 positivity was defined as positive expression on 20% and 30% of CLL cells, respectively. Clinico-hematological profile and its correlation with ZAP-70 and CD 38 were assessed in consecutive 80 CLL patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 64 males and median age of the group was 58 years. Sixteen patients (20%) were asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally. Median total lymphocyte count (TLC) at presentation was 62 × 10 9 /L. Rai stage distribution was: Stage 0-6, stage I-20, stage II-36, stage III-5, and stage IV-13. ZAP-70 and CD 38 positivity were detected in 20 patients (25%) and 29 patients (36%), respectively. Eleven patients were positive and 34 were negative for both ZAP-70 and CD 38 yielding a concordance rate of 56%. There was no statistically significant difference between ZAP-70 and CD 38 positivity and negativity with regard to age, sex, Lymphocyte count, lymphadenopathy, organomegaly, and Rai staging.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ZAP-70 and CD 38 positivity were detected 25% and 36%, respectively, with concordance rate of 56%, which is higher than Western literature. There was no correlation of ZAP-70 and CD 38 positivity with age, sex, lymphadenopathy, organomegaly, and Rai staging.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gogia
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. B. R. A. Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Raina
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D051746:ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D051746:ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase; C498154:CD38 protein, human; D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1