title: Serum cortisol and early postoperative outcome after stage-1 palliation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The postoperative cortisol profile and its association with early outcomes are poorly understood in neonates undergoing surgery for complex congenital heart disease. We investigated the postoperative profile of cortisol and its relationship with the clinical course in a cohort of newborns after stage-1 palliation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pediatric cardiovascular ICU at a tertiary children's hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-three neonates after stage-1 palliation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome between 2009 and 2011.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three serial measurements of total serum cortisol after surgery. The first measurement was taken immediately after surgery and the second and third-on the first and second postoperative mornings. The median weight of the infants was 3.0 kg (2.7-3.4 kg), and the age at surgery was 7 days (6-9 d). The median (25th-75th percentile) cortisol levels at admission, day 1, and day 2 were 96.2 μg/dL (51.1-112 μg/dL), 17.3 μg/dL (9.7-25.1 μg/dL), and 10 μg/dL (6.5-17 μg/dL), respectively (p < 0.0001 between admission and day 1). Higher cortisol was associated with greater morbidity, including the need for preoperative ventilation, increased total duration of ventilation, duration of inotropic support, and hospital length of stay.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cortisol levels fell significantly over the first 24 hours after stage-1 palliation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome. A higher postoperative cortisol was associated with increased postoperative morbidity, which warrants further investigation.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX. 2Department of Pediatrics, Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX. 3Department of Pediatrics, Section of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX. 4Dan L. Duncan Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. 5Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. 6Division of Congenital Heart Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX.
authors.forename: Harish
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bangalore
authors.forename: Elena C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Ocampo
authors.forename: Luisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: Charles G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Minard
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Checchia
authors.forename: Jeffrey S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Heinle
authors.forename: Lara S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Shekerdemian
mesh_terms: D006776:Hospitals, Pediatric; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood*; D018636:Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000601:surgery*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015278:Intensive Care Units, Pediatric; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010166:Palliative Care; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011446:Prospective Studies; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers; D013781:Texas; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006854:Hydrocortisone