title: Association between vitamin D and Apo B concentrations in Argentinean Indian children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and its association with non-traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors such as Apo B in South American Indian school children.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study of 355 children (166 Males) aged 9.6±2.3 y was performed. Anthropometric measures, glucose, lipids, insulin, Apo B, Apo A, and vitamin D concentrations were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 10.7% (38) per CDC. One child (0.3%) had optimal vitamin D concentrations [25(OH)D[>30 ng/ml. Univariate analysis showed significant associations between vitamin D and HDL-C (r=0.12 p<0.05), age (r=-0.11 p<0.05) BMI (r=-0.22 p<0.05), LDL-C (r=-0.22 p<0.01), triglycerides (r=-0.16 p<0.01), non HDL-C (r=-0.21 p<0.01), Apo B (r=-0.23 p<0.01), Apo B/Apo A (r=-0.21 p<0.01), insulin (r=-0.17 p<0.05), and HOMA-IR (r=-0.16 p<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that female gender and Apo B were significantly associated with vitamin D adjusted for confounding factors (R(2) 0.12).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vitamin D deficiency was associated with increased Apo B among Indian children, suggesting that it could be used as a risk marker of CVD.
authors.affiliation: University of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Electronic address: vhirschler@intramed.net.
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hirschler
authors.affiliation: Hidalgo Laboratories, Martínez, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maccallini
authors.affiliation: University of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Molinari
authors.affiliation: Centro Mater Salta Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces, UPV-EHU, CIBERDEM, CIBERER, Bilbao, Spain.
authors.forename: Urrutia
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Inés
authors.affiliation: Centro Mater Salta Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces, UPV-EHU, CIBERDEM, CIBERER, Bilbao, Spain.
authors.forename: Luis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Castano
authors.forename: Milva
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanchez
authors.forename: Graciela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Colque
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aranda
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hidalgo
authors.forename: Mirta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Urzagasti
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood*; D001118:Argentina / Q000208:ethnology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011627:Puberty; D012307:Risk Factors; D012923:Social Class; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D014807:Vitamin D
keywords: Apo B; Cardiovascular disease; Indian children; Non-traditional markers; Vitamin D