title: [Beta-lactamic antibiotics allergy in cataract surgery. Prevalence and preoperative characteristics of allergic patients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the proportion of patients allergic to β-lactam antibiotics and the prevalence of preoperative conjunctival bacteria among those undergoing cataract surgery in our area.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cross-sectional study of prevalence of β-lactam allergic patients consecutively scheduled for cataract surgery from 11 July 2005 to November 2012. For studying the prevalence of conjunctival bacteria and clinical characteristics in the patients' preoperative examination, those under 18 years and those with cataract surgery combined with other eye surgeries were excluded. Data from the first preoperative examination of the remaining patients were selected. Clinical data were extracted from the database generated in the evaluation made for anesthetic purposes, and the microbiological data from the laboratory database. Both bases were linked through a patient history code. A comparison was made between the prevalence of conjunctival bacteria and clinical characteristics in allergic and non-allergic patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From 12,409 adults selected for the bacteriological study, 862 (6.96%) were allergic to β-lactams, their mean age (74.45 years) was higher than that of the non-allergic (P=.005). The proportion of women (71.4%) in the allergic patient group was much higher than that of men. The prevalence of pathogenic bacteria (especially Bacillus spp and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), lung disease and heart failure, was higher in allergic patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of allergy to β-lactams in this study is within the range described in other populations. The higher prevalence of pathogenic bacteria and the predominance of women in those allergic to β-lactams are useful data to guide their surgical prophylaxis.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Oftalmología, Instituto Oftálmico, Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España. Electronic address: mfernandezr.hgugm@salud.madrid.org.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Fernández-Rubio
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cuesta-Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Urcelay-Segura
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cortés-Valdés
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002387:Cataract Extraction; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000382:microbiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D015818:Eye Infections, Bacterial / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D057234:Preoperative Period; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D047090:beta-Lactams / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D047090:beta-Lactams
keywords: Alergia a cefuroxima; Alergia a β-lactámicos; Allergy prevalence; Asthma prevalence; Beta-lactams allergy; Cataract surgery; Cefuroxime allergy; Cirugía de cataratas; Intracameral prophylaxis; Prevalencia de alergia; Prevalencia del asma; Profilaxis intracameral; Profilaxis quirúrgica; Surgery prophylaxis