title: Disorders of bone and bone mineral metabolism.
abstract: Metabolic bone disorders are very common in the general population and untreated, they can cause a variety of neurologic symptoms. These diseases include osteoporosis, vitamin D deficiency, Paget's disease, and alterations in calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium metabolism. Diagnosis is made through analysis of metabolic bone blood chemistries as well as radiologic studies such as dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans, bone scans, and X-rays. Treatment options have advanced significantly in the past decade for osteoporosis and Paget's disease and mainly include antiresorptive therapy. New recommendations for treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism are discussed as well as therapy for calcium, phosphorus, and mineral disorders.
authors.affiliation: Loyola University Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Disease Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Komoroski
authors.affiliation: Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Nasrin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Azad
authors.affiliation: Loyola University Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Disease Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA. Electronic address: pcamach@lumc.edu.
authors.forename: Pauline
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Camacho
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D015519:Bone Density; D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008274:Magnesium / Q000378:metabolism; D010001:Osteitis Deformans; D010024:Osteoporosis; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000378:metabolism; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency
chemical_list: D010758:Phosphorus; D008274:Magnesium; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Osteoporosis; Paget’s disease; calcium; magnesium; phosphorus; vitamin D