title: Oncologic issues and kidney transplantation: a review of frequency, mortality, and screening.
abstract: Kidney transplant recipients are at increased risk for development of malignancy compared with the general population, and malignancies occur at an earlier age. This increased risk, as expressed by the standard incidence ratio (SIR), varies widely, but it is highest in malignancies triggered by oncogenic viruses. For other cancers, this increased risk is the direct consequence of immunosuppressants promoting tumor growth and lowering immune system tumor surveillance. In this review, we briefly discuss the common malignancies with increased risk after kidney transplantation, explore the pros and cons associated with screening, and summarize current prevention and treatment recommendations.
authors.affiliation: Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine and the Yale New Haven Transplantation Center, New Haven, CT. Electronic address: william.asch@yale.edu.
authors.forename: William S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Asch
authors.affiliation: Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine and the Yale New Haven Transplantation Center, New Haven, CT.
authors.forename: Margaret J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Bia
mesh_terms: D001005:Anus Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000601:surgery*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008232:Lymphoproliferative Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents
keywords: Cancer screening; Immunosuppression; Kidney transplant; Malignancy