title: Metabotropic glutamatergic receptors and their ligands in drug addiction.
abstract: Glutamatergic excitatory transmission is implicated in physiological and pathological conditions like learning, memory, neuronal plasticity and emotions, while glutamatergic abnormalities are reported in numerous neurological and psychiatric disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, epilepsy, stroke, traumatic brain injury, depression, anxiety, schizophrenia and pain. Also, several lines of evidence have accumulated indicating a pivotal role for glutamatergic neurotransmission in mediating addictive behaviors. Among the proteins regulating glutamatergic transmission, the metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR) are being developed as pharmacological targets for treating many neuropsychiatric disorders, including drug addiction. In this review we describe the molecular structure of mGluRs and their distribution, physiology and pharmacology in the central nervous system, as well as their use as targets in preclinical studies of drug addiction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Kraków, Poland. Electronic address: lpomiern@cm-uj.krakow.pl.
authors.forename: Lucyna
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pomierny-Chamioło
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Kinga
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rup
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Bartosz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pomierny
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Niedzielska
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
authors.forename: Peter W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Kalivas
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Filip
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D008024:Ligands; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; D018698:Glutamic Acid
keywords: Drug addiction; Glutamate; Metabotropic glutamatergic receptors; Relapse; Reward; Withdrawal