title: In vitro study on the effect of doxorubicin on the proliferation markers MCM3 and Ki-67.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Aberrant proliferation is an essential feature of cancer cells, which can be caused by alterations in components of the cell cycle, such as minichromosome maintenance protein-3 (MCM3) and Ki-67. Doxorubicin is a cytotoxic/cytostatic anticancer agent commonly used in chemotherapy. We investigated the effect of this drug on MCM3 and Ki-67 in the KB cell line, which is considered a subline of HeLa cell line.
  
  
  METHODS
  KB cells were treated with doxorubicin and its effect on apoptosis, mRNA levels and protein expression of MCM3 and Ki-67 was determined by flow cytometry (annexin V-FITC/PI assay), quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunocytochemistry, respectively. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for comparing groups and differences were assessed by a Tukey's post hoc test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Protein expression of both biomarkers and MCM3 mRNA were not affected by doxorubicin, but Ki-67 mRNA significantly increased after treatment (p=0.049).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Considering that doxorubicin can influence certain biochemical events that lead to modifications in Ki- 67, this factor might be useful in evaluating the impact of anthracycline-based chemotherapeutic agents. Changes in MCM3 following doxorubicin treatment require further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Etemad-Moghadam
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fouladdel
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Azizi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alaeddini
mesh_terms: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007624:KB Cells; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D064126:Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; C066470:MCM3 protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D004317:Doxorubicin; D064126:Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 3