title: Synthesis, antioxidant, and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities of 5-[4-[2-(5-ethyl-2-pyridinyl)ethoxy]phenyl]methyl]-2,4-thiazolidinedione derivatives.
abstract: Xanthine oxidase (XO) is a complex metalloflavoprotein, the overproduction of which usually leads to a pathological condition called gout. The XO inhibitors may prove to be promising antigout agents. The XO generates superoxide anions and H2O2 for the self-defense system of the organism. Abnormal production of this superoxide (reactive oxygen species) is responsible for a number of complications including inflammation, metabolic disorder, cellular aging, reperfusion damage, atherosclerosis, and carcinogenesis. In this paper, we report the synthesis of N-substituted analogs of thiazolidinedione derivatives as effective and new class of XO inhibitors and also as antioxidant agents. Among all the compounds in the series, compound 2i produced relatively better activity against human milk XO (72% inhibition), which was also supported by docking studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Yuvaraja's College (Autonomous), University of Mysore, Mysore, Karnataka, India; Department of Chemistry, D. Banumaiah's PU Science College, Mysore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: A Bushra
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Begum
authors.forename: Muneera
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Begum
authors.forename: V Lakshmi
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Ranganatha
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Prashanth
authors.forename: Farhan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zameer
authors.forename: Raghavendra
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hegdekatte
authors.forename: Shaukath Ara
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Khanum
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000201:enzymology; D062105:Molecular Docking Simulation; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase
keywords: Antioxidant; Thiazolidinedione derivatives; Xanthine oxidase