title: In vitro metabolism of rebaudioside B, D, and M under anaerobic conditions: comparison with rebaudioside A.
abstract: The hydrolysis of the steviol glycosides rebaudioside A, B, D, and M, as well as of steviolbioside (a metabolic intermediate) to steviol was evaluated in vitro using human fecal homogenates from healthy donors under anaerobic conditions. Incubation of each of the rebaudiosides resulted in rapid hydrolysis to steviol. Metabolism was complete within 24h, with the majority occurring within the first 8h. There were no clear differences in the rate or extent of metabolism of rebaudioside B, D, or M, relative to the comparative control rebaudioside A. The hydrolysis of samples containing 2.0mg/mL of each rebaudioside tended to take slightly longer than solutions containing 0.2mg/mL. There was no apparent gender differences in the amount of metabolism of any of the rebaudiosides, regardless of the concentrations tested. An intermediate in the hydrolysis of rebaudioside M to steviol, steviolbioside, was also found to be rapidly degraded to steviol. The results demonstrate that rebaudiosides B, D, and M are metabolized to steviol in the same manner as rebaudioside A. These data support the use of toxicology data available on steviol, and on steviol glycosides metabolized to steviol (i.e., rebaudioside A) to substantiate the safety of rebaudiosides B, D, and M.
authors.affiliation: PureCircle Limited, 915 Harger Road, Suite 250, Oak Brook, IL 60523, USA.
authors.forename: Sidd
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Purkayastha
authors.affiliation: The Coca-Cola Company, One Coca-Cola Plaza, Atlanta, GA 30126, USA.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pugh
authors.affiliation: Intertek Cantox, 2233 Argentia Rd., Suite 308, Mississauga, ON L5N 2X7, Canada.
authors.forename: Barry
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.affiliation: Intertek Cantox, 2233 Argentia Rd., Suite 308, Mississauga, ON L5N 2X7, Canada. Electronic address: ashley.roberts@intertek.com.
authors.forename: Ashley
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.affiliation: BRI Biopharmaceutical Research Inc., 101-8898 Heather St., Vancouver, BC V6P 3S8, Canada.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kwok
authors.affiliation: The Tarka Group Inc., 210 N. Old Stonehouse Road, Carlisle, PA 17015, USA.
authors.forename: Stanley M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Tarka
mesh_terms: D045786:Diterpenes, Kaurane / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005243:Feces; D005260:Female; D006027:Glycosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D045786:Diterpenes, Kaurane; D006027:Glycosides; D013549:Sweetening Agents; C074471:steviolbioside; C012042:steviol; C025474:rebaudioside A
keywords: Anaerobic; Human; In vitro metabolism; Rebaudiosides; Steviol; Steviolbioside