title: Clinical and radiographic evaluation of single-visit and multi-visit endodontic treatment of teeth with periapical pathology: An in vivo study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare and evaluate the clinical symptoms and radiographic evidence of periapical healing after endodontic treatment of teeth with periapical pathology when completed in one-visit or two-visits with ApexCal paste at 3, 6, and 12 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 57 patients requiring root canal treatment on 64 single rooted teeth with periapical pathology preoperatively were included. The teeth were assigned randomly into two groups and treated according to standardized protocol. The teeth in group I (n = 34) were obturated at the first visit, while those in group II (n = 30) were medicated with ApexCal paste, and obturated in a second visit 7 days later. Patients were recalled at intervals of 3, 6, and 12 months to evaluate the treated teeth both clinically and radiographically for periapical healing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mann - Whitney U test showed no difference between groups I and II. Wilcoxon signed rank test showed significant decrease in mean periapical index (PAI) scores within both groups during 12 months evaluation. The level of significance used was P < 0.05.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both groups exhibited equally favorable healing at 12 months, with no statistically significant differences between groups I and II.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Gogala
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dorasani
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Koppolu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Madhusudhana
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Suneel Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Chinni
keywords: Intracanal medication; one-visit; periapical healing; periapical index; randomized clinical trial; two-visit