title: Bone regeneration of rat tibial defect by zinc-tricalcium phosphate (Zn-TCP) synthesized from porous Foraminifera carbonate macrospheres.
abstract: Foraminifera carbonate exoskeleton was hydrothermally converted to biocompatible and biodegradable zinc-tricalcium phosphate (Zn-TCP) as an alternative biomimetic material for bone fracture repair. Zn-TCP samples implanted in a rat tibial defect model for eight weeks were compared with unfilled defect and beta-tricalcium phosphate showing accelerated bone regeneration compared with the control groups, with statistically significant bone mineral density and bone mineral content growth. CT images of the defect showed restoration of cancellous bone in Zn-TCP and only minimal growth in control group. Histological slices reveal bone in-growth within the pores and porous chamber of the material detailing good bone-material integration with the presence of blood vessels. These results exhibit the future potential of biomimetic Zn-TCP as bone grafts for bone fracture repair.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shin-machi, Nishitokyo-Shi, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan. Joshua.chou@uts.edu.au.
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bishop
authors.forename: Besim
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ben-Nissan
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Milthorpe
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Otsuka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002254:Carbonates / Q000737:chemistry; D056908:Foraminifera / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D016062:Porosity; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013977:Tibia / Q000187:drug effects*; D015032:Zinc / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D002254:Carbonates; D015032:Zinc; C018392:tricalcium phosphate