title: Prevention of Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation With Lamivudine in a Patient With Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated With Everolimus.
abstract: Anticancer agents may trigger reactivation of hepatitis B virus infection ensuing in asymptomatic to severe liver damage. Preemptive administration of antiviral agents such as lamivudine to patients receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy has been shown to inhibit viral replication and prevent such events. No data are available so far concerning the coadministration of antiviral agents and everolimus, an oral mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor recently approved for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma. We present in this study the first case to our knowledge of a hepatitis B surface antigen-positive patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma who has been successfully treated with prophylactic lamivudine and everolimus. Long-term depletion of viral replication was obtained along with stabilization of lung and bone metastases. Hepatitis B surface antigen positivity may be found in up to 10% of cancer patients but should not be considered a contraindication to treatment with everolimus.
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Unit 1, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Carmine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: D'Aniello
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maruzzo
authors.forename: Umberto
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Basso
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D000068338:Everolimus / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000517:prevention & control; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014775:Virus Activation / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D019259:Lamivudine; D000068338:Everolimus