title: Positive correlations between hCAP18/LL-37 and chondroitin sulphate levels in chronic periodontitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure the levels of hCAP18/LL-37 in gingival crevicular fluid from patients with periodontal diseases compared with healthy controls and to determine the correlation between hCAP18/LL-37 and chondroitin sulphate (CS) levels in patients with periodontitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gingival crevicular fluid samples from 51 patients and 25 healthy volunteers were analysed for the hCAP18/LL-37 levels by immunoblotting and were determined for the CS levels by the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tris buffer pH 9.85 was selected to recover hCAP18/LL-37 from Periopaper strips, in which the percentages of recovery were around 70%. The median levels of hCAP18/LL-37 in the aggressive and the chronic periodontitis (CP) groups were significantly greater than those in the gingivitis and the healthy groups (p < 0.05). Significant correlations between the unprocessed 18-kDa fragment and CS levels (r = 0.650; p < 0.001) and between the mature 4.6-kDa fragment and CS levels (r = 0.502; p < 0.001) were observed only in the CP group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The significant correlations between the hCAP18/LL-37 and the CS levels were found in CP, but not in aggressive periodontitis. The presence versus absence of such correlations may be clinically applicable to help clinicians distinguish between two distinct types of periodontitis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
authors.forename: Anupong
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Makeudom
authors.forename: Samakorn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kulpawaropas
authors.forename: Pattanin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Montreekachon
authors.forename: Sakornrat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khongkhunthian
authors.forename: Thanapat
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sastraruji
authors.forename: Peraphan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pothacharoen
authors.forename: Prachya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kongtawelert
authors.forename: Suttichai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Krisanaprakornkit
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D010520:Aggressive Periodontitis / Q000378:metabolism; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000032:analysis*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000032:analysis*; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000378:metabolism*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D000939:Epitopes / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D005810:Multigene Family; D010519:Periodontium / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult; D054804:Cathelicidins
chemical_list: D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D015415:Biomarkers; D000939:Epitopes; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; D054804:Cathelicidins
keywords: aggressive periodontitis; cathelicidin LL-37; chondroitin sulphates; chronic periodontitis; gingival crevicular fluid