title: In-filter PCDF and PCDD formation at low temperature during MSWI combustion.
abstract: This case study investigated PCDF and PCDD emissions from a 65 MW waste-to-energy plant to identify why an air pollution control system remodeling to accommodate increased production resulted in increased TEQ concentrations. Pre- and post-filter gases were collected simultaneously in four sample sets with varying filter temperatures and with/without activated carbon injection. Samples were analyzed to determine total PCDF and PCDD concentrations, as well as homologue profiles, and concentrations of individual congeners (some remained co-eluted). The total post filter PCDD concentrations where found to increase while the concentrations of PCDF and 2,3,7,8-substituted congeners declined. An investigation of the individual congener concentrations revealed that the increase of PCDD concentrations were due to a few congeners, suggesting a single formation route. The study also concludes that vital information about the formation could be obtained by not restricting the analysis to just the 2,3,7,8-substituted congeners.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden; Industrial Doctoral School, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Weidemann
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: Stellan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marklund
authors.affiliation: Umeå Energi AB, Box 224, SE-901 05 Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bristav
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden. Electronic address: lisa.lundin@chem.umu.se.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lundin
mesh_terms: D000397:Air Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000032:analysis*; D003080:Cold Temperature; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D005374:Filtration; D005740:Gases; D017745:Incineration; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D001572:Benzofurans; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D005740:Gases; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins
keywords: Case study; Fabric filters; Full scale; MSWI; PCDD; PCDF