title: Occult hepatitis B virus infection in Chinese cryptogenic intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patient population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is no information available about occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (OBI) in individuals with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the correlation between OBI and ICC.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective case-control study was conducted. The cases were 183 cryptogenic ICC patients (group I), and the controls were 549 healthy individuals (group II). The cases and controls were matched for age, sex, and inhabitancy. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Intrahepatic total HBV DNA in 63 paraffin-embedded samples was collected from patients in group I (n=44), HBV-associated ICC patients (n=3), and hepatic cavernous hemangioma patients with seronegative HBsAg (hepatitis B S antigen) (group III; n=16). We determined the levels of serum and intrahepatic HBV DNA and compared the level of intrahepatic HBV DNA in 44 cryptogenic patients from group I with the level in the patients from group III.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with group II, group I had a lower prevalence of anti-HBs (antibody against HBsAg) and a higher prevalence of anti-HBe (antibody against hepatitis B e antigen) and anti-HBc (antibody against hepatitis B c antigen). Multivariate analysis confirmed that anti-HBe and anti-HBc positivity were associated with ICC. The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for anti-HBe and anti-HBc were 2.482 and 1.482-4.158, 4.556 and 2.938-7.066, respectively. Compared with group III, cryptogenic ICC cases showed more frequent detection of intrahepatic total HBV DNA (63.64% vs. 18.75%, P=0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OBI may represent an important risk factor for ICC. HBsAg seroclearance does not signify eradication of HBV and may not entirely prevent the development of ICC.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Hepatobiliary I, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University ‡School of Medicine, Jiao Tong University, Shanghai †Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: YuQiong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: DaPeng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: JingYi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: DongXun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: QiaoMei
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: XiaoLan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: HuaBang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: HePing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000821:virology; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic / Q000821:virology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000821:virology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000097:blood; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004279:DNA, Viral; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens