title: Intracellular glutathione content, developmental competence and expression of apoptosis-related genes associated with G6PDH-activity in goat oocyte.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To associate glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activity in goat oocytes with intracellular glutathione (GSH) content, meiotic competence, developmental potential, and relative abundance of Bax and Bcl-2 genes transcripts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Goat oocytes were exposed to brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) staining test and categorized into BCB(+) (blue-cytoplasm), and BCB(-) (colorless-cytoplasm) groups. A group of oocytes were not exposed to BCB test and was considered as a control group. After maturation in vitro, a group of oocytes were used for determination of nuclear status and intracellular GSH content while another group was subjected to parthenogenetic activation followed by in vitro embryo culture.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that BCB(+) oocytes not only yielded higher rate of maturation, but also showed an increased level of intracellular GSH content than BCB(-) and control oocytes. Furthermore, BCB(+) oocytes produced more blastocysts than BCB(-) and control oocytes. Our data revealed that the expression of anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) and pro-apoptotic (Bax) genes were interacted with G6PDH-activity in mature oocyte, their surrounding cumulus cells, and blastocyst-stage embryos.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study demonstrate that selection of goat oocytes based on G6PDH-activity through the BCB test improves their developmental competence, increases intracellular GSH content, and affects the expression of the apoptosis-related genes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Transgenic Animal Science, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Amir Hossein
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Abazari-Kia
authors.forename: Abdollah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mohammadi-Sangcheshmeh
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dehghani-Mohammadabadi
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jamshidi-Adegani
authors.forename: Arash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Veshkini
authors.forename: Mahdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhandi
authors.forename: Mehmet Ulas
authors.initials: MU
authors.lastname: Cinar
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salehi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics; D054885:Cumulus Cells / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006041:Goats; D006801:Humans; D009865:Oocytes / Q000201:enzymology*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; D005978:Glutathione