title: Effect of cardiac glycosides from Nerium indicum on feeding rate, digestive enzymes activity and ultrastructural alterations of hepatopancreas in Pomacea canaliculata.
abstract: Cardiac glycosides from Nerium indicum showed potent molluscicide activity against Pomacea canaliculata (GAS), but the toxicological mechanism is still far less understood. Effects of sublethal treatments of cardiac glycosides on feeding rate, digestive enzymes and ultrastructural alterations of the hepatopancreas in GAS were evaluated in this study. Exposure of GAS to sublethal concentrations of cardiac glycosides resulted in a significant reduction of feeding rate of GAS. The amylase, cellulose and protease activity were increase significantly at the end of 24 h followed by significant inhibition after 48 h of exposure while lipase activity was not affected significantly at the end of 24 h followed by a significant inhibition after 48 h of exposure during experimental period. The main ultrastructural alterations of hepatopancreas observed in snails under cardiac glycosides treatment comprised disruption of nuclear membrane, increased vesiculation and dilatation of endoplasmic reticulum, and vacuolization and swelling of mitochondrial compared to the untreated GAS. These results, for the first time, provide systematic evidences showing that cardiac glycosides seriously impairs the hepatopancreas tissues of GAS, resulting in inhibition of digestive enzymes activity and feeding rate and cause GAS death in the end.
authors.affiliation: School of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China. Electronic address: lpdai825@126.com.
authors.forename: Lingpeng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: School of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaowei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: School of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China.
authors.forename: Xuyang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Nan
authors.affiliation: School of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China.
authors.forename: Yejian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000681:Amylases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002301:Cardiac Glycosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002482:Cellulose / Q000378:metabolism; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects*; D043143:Hepatopancreas / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008049:Lipase / Q000378:metabolism; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D030007:Nerium; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves; D012908:Snails / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D002301:Cardiac Glycosides; D002482:Cellulose; D008049:Lipase; D000681:Amylases; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases
keywords: Cardiac glycosides; N. indicum; P. canaliculata; Toxicological mechanism