title: Acute kidney injury after cardiac arrest of ventricular fibrillation and asphyxiation swine model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purposes of the study are to investigate the renal function in ventricular fibrillation (VF) and asphyxiation cardiac arrest in a swine model and to estimate the value of novel biomarkers in the acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac arrest.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two healthy inbred Wu-Zhi-Shan miniature piglets were randomized into 2 groups (n = 16 per group). Cardiac arrest was induced by programmed electric stimulation and clamping the endotracheal tube in the VF group and asphyxiation group, respectively. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was done for return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred percent (16/16) ROSC was observed in the VF group, and 50% (8/16) in the asphyxiation group (P < .01). All AKI biomarkers elevated significantly after ROSC. The novel biomarkers changed much earlier than the creatinine. The concentration of novel biomarkers in the asphyxiation group was higher than the VF group. Live animals had an oliguria and developed AKI. Characteristic morphological injuries in renal tissues were observed under light microscope and transmission electron microscope and were more serious in the asphyxiation group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Acute kidney injury at early stage of postresuscitation is common in different causes of cardiac arrest. Asphyxiation has more severe kidney injury and gets worse prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China. Electronic address: lcscyyy@163.com.
authors.forename: Chen-Chen
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Hang
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China. Electronic address: lichunsheng1962@126.com.
authors.forename: Chun-Sheng
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.
authors.forename: Cai-Jun
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000652:urine; D000818:Animals; D001237:Asphyxia / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; D005260:Female; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011897:Random Allocation; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015996:Survival Rate; D013552:Swine; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers