title: The reliability and validity of the persian version of sinonasal outcome test 22 (snot 22) questionnaires.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The quality of life (QOL) is an important indicator for disease-severity classification and outcome measurement in obtaining treatment sinonasal diseases. The sinonasal outcome test 22 (SNOT 22) questionnaire has been introduced as the best specific sinonasal instrument for QOL measurement.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To prepare a valid and reliable Persian language version of SNOT 22 questionnaire.
  
  
  METHODS
  After forward and backward translation of the original version of SNOT 22 questionnaire from English to Persian, a group of patients with nasal septal deviation who need septal surgery and another group of healthy volunteers answered the Persian version of the questionnaire. The responsiveness rate, validity (Pearson correlations and differential validity) and reliability (internal consistency and test-retest reliability) of the 22 items of the questionnaire was calculated. P value < 0.05 was considered significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty adults with nasal septal deviation need surgical correction and 30 healthy volunteers were included (mean age 30.4 ± 7.1 vs. 33 ± 6.7, P value = 0.148). The questionnaire was introduced to subjects two times with a two-week-period gap. Total responsiveness rate for 22 items was more than 97%. The total Cronbach's Alfa coefficient was 0.898 (ranging 0.890-0.903). The Pearson correlations were 0.85 and 0.96 for patients and healthy volunteers, respectively. The mean total score were 25.6 ± 13.3 (range 6-52) and 7.6 ± 9.1 (range 0-45) in patients and healthy volunteers, respectively (P < 0.0001). The subscales scores were also significantly different between two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Persian version of SNOT 22 questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument for accessing sinonasal diseases in Persian-speaking people.
authors.affiliation: ENT-Head and Neck Research Center and Department, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jalessi
authors.affiliation: ENT-Head and Neck Research Center and Department, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farhadi
authors.affiliation: ENT-Head and Neck Research Center and Department, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Seyyed Kamran
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kamrava
authors.affiliation: ENT-Head and Neck Research Center and Department, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Ebrahim
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Amintehran
authors.affiliation: ENT-Head and Neck Research Center and Department, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Alimohammad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Asghari
authors.affiliation: ENT-Head and Neck Research Center and Department, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rezaei Hemami
authors.affiliation: ENT-Head and Neck Research Center and Department, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mobasseri
authors.affiliation: Department of Iranian Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammadreza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Masroorchehr
keywords: Nasal Septal; Quality of Life; Questionnaires