title: Obesity and hypertension interact to increase risk of renal cell carcinoma in Iowa, USA.
abstract: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) rates in the US have risen, along with those of obesity and hypertension. We investigated the interactive relationship with obesity and hypertension (HT) through a population-based case-control study of RCC in Iowa consisting of 406 cases and 2434 controls. Data on height and weight at various ages and history of HT were collected and interaction tested by log-likelihood ratio tests. After adjustment, both obesity and HT were independently and interactively associated with increased RCC risk. Hypertensive subjects, obese (BMI ≥ 30) at age 40 were 4.2 (CI: 2.38-6.53) times more likely to develop RCC as normotensive individuals of normal weight (BMI < 25). A similar interactive pattern was observed for obesity at age 60 (p = 0.02). Interaction with obesity was more evident in women (pinteraction = 0.04 age 40, pinteraction = 0.01 age 60). Our findings suggest that maintaining body weight and/or controlling HT are strategies for preventing RCC.:
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA. Electronic address:k.brock@fhs.usyd.edu.au.
authors.forename: Kaye E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Brock
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gridley
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Charles F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Abby G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Ershow
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Kenneth P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Cantor