title: HLA-DR overexpression in tubules of renal allografts during early and late renal allograft injuries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to discover which types of injuries were related to human leukocyte antigen DR expression in acute rejection and late chronic injury in renal allografts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-two recipients were separated into the early acute rejection group, the late monocyte infiltration group, and the late chronic injury group. Ten subjects with acute cellular rejection received a repeat biopsy. All samples were stained with CD4, CD8, CD20, CD68, and human leukocyte antigen DR by immunochemical staining. Levels of these markers were compared among the subgroups of each group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Human leukocyte antigen DR expression was greater in the early C4d-negative acute rejection group than it was in the early C4d-positive acute rejection group. Human leukocyte antigen DR expression was greater during acute rejection than that was on a repeat biopsy. Human leukocyte antigen DR expression was accord with the infiltration of monocyte infiltration in the acute cellular rejection group. Human leukocyte antigen DR expression was greater during late acute rejection than it was in BK virus nephropathy, which was not in accord with monocyte infiltration. Human leukocyte antigen DR expression was greater during chronic rejection than it was in IgAN, BK virus nephropathy, and TA/IF groups, and even in tubular atrophy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Human leukocyte antigen DR expression in renal tubular cells was associated with early acute cellular rejection and was in accord with monocyte infiltration. Human leukocyte antigen DR expression in renal tubular cells during the late phase (especially in tubular atrophy) was a marker of chronic rejection, but was not in accord with monocyte infiltration in renal allografts.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Nephrology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, PR China.
authors.forename: Jiqiu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Mingchao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jinsong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Caihong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Dongrui
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Zhi-Hong
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D064591:Allografts; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001706:Biopsy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens