title: Low-temperature processed electron collection layers of graphene/TiO2 nanocomposites in thin film perovskite solar cells.
abstract: The highest efficiencies in solution-processable perovskite-based solar cells have been achieved using an electron collection layer that requires sintering at 500 °C. This is unfavorable for low-cost production, applications on plastic substrates, and multijunction device architectures. Here we report a low-cost, solution-based deposition procedure utilizing nanocomposites of graphene and TiO2 nanoparticles as the electron collection layers in meso-superstructured perovskite solar cells. The graphene nanoflakes provide superior charge-collection in the nanocomposites, enabling the entire device to be fabricated at temperatures no higher than 150 °C. These solar cells show remarkable photovoltaic performance with a power conversion efficiency up to 15.6%. This work demonstrates that graphene/metal oxide nanocomposites have the potential to contribute significantly toward the development of low-cost solar cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford , Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Jacob Tse-Wei
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ball
authors.forename: Eva M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Barea
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abate
authors.forename: Jack A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Alexander-Webber
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saliba
authors.forename: Iván
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mora-Sero
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bisquert
authors.forename: Henry J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Snaith
authors.forename: Robin J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Nicholas