title: Insights into cerebrospinal fluid and cerebral blood flows in infants and young children.
abstract: This study investigates the craniospinal flows of blood and cerebrospinal fluid using phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on 23 control neonates and infants (5 d-68 mo old). Mean arterial cerebral blood flow increased with age of infant from 180 mL/min after birth to 1330 mL/min around 6 years of age. This corresponds to 51 mL/min/100 g and 95 mL/min/100 g, respectively. Cervical cerebrospinal fluid stroke volume increased from 38 × 10(-3) mL to 752 × 10(-3) mL per cardiac cycle. After arterial systolic blood inflow, we observed a delay of the venous outflow that was always preceded by cerebrospinal fluid flushing out through the spinal canal. These results highlighted the importance of compliance of the spinal compartment and the interaction of blood and cerebrospinal fluid dynamics. The capacity of the spinal compartment to receive intracranial cerebrospinal fluid in presence of fontanels was demonstrated. We provide reference values to understand the physiology of cerebrospinal fluid and cerebral blood.
authors.affiliation: Image Processing Unit, University Hospital, Amiens, France Bio Flow Image, Research group of Picardie Jules Verne, France Neurosurgery Unit, University Hospital, Amiens, France.
authors.forename: Cyrille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Capel
authors.affiliation: MRI Research, University Children Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Malek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Makki
authors.affiliation: Bio Flow Image, Research group of Picardie Jules Verne, France Radiology Unit, University Hospital, Amiens, France.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gondry-Jouet
authors.affiliation: Image Processing Unit, University Hospital, Amiens, France Bio Flow Image, Research group of Picardie Jules Verne, France.
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bouzerar
authors.affiliation: Ostéobio, Ecole supérieure d'ostéopathie et de biomécanique, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Courtois
authors.affiliation: Ostéobio, Ecole supérieure d'ostéopathie et de biomécanique, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Bénédicte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Krejpowicz
authors.affiliation: Image Processing Unit, University Hospital, Amiens, France Bio Flow Image, Research group of Picardie Jules Verne, France olivier.baledent@chu-amiens.fr.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Balédent
mesh_terms: D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000098:blood supply*; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000502:physiology*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D012016:Reference Values; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013115:Spinal Canal / Q000098:blood supply
keywords: cerebral blood flow; cerebrospinal fluid flow; early brain development; phase-contrast MRI