title: The touch of madness:manto as a psychiatric case study.
abstract: Saadat Hasan 'Manto' is widely acknowledged as one of the greatest short story writers in the world. He died at the age of forty three from complications of alcoholism. All of his life, he suffered from symptoms of anxiety and depression and his alcohol abuse was intimately linked both to his mental distress as well as his creative genius. This paper examines the life of Manto from a psychiatric perspective and the link between creativity and mental illness. We show how Manto's particular family circumstances led to the development of restlessness and later anxiety in his life; how his substance abuse, especially alcohol abuse exacerbated this mental distress and how it eventually led to his death and how all of these factors were intimately linked to his creative genius and were the source of so many of his literary masterpieces.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed seventy five short stories considered to be his best. Writings about Manto's life including his own were reviewed to construct a picture of his life as well as find clues to his mental distress and alcohol abuse. A literature search for articles related to creativity and mental illness was conducted using Google Scholar containing the search terms 'creativity and madness' and 'creativity and mental illness' in the titles of the articles. References most relevant to our case study were identified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Manto suffered from symptoms of anxiety and depression which today would meet the diagnostic criteria for Alcohol Dependence and, in later life, Alcohol-induced Psychosis. Appropriate treatment may have prolonged his life although that may have come at the expense of his creativity.
authors.affiliation: Ali M. Hashmi, MD, Foreign Professor III (HEC), Psychiatry, King Edward Medical University/Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: M Hashmi
authors.affiliation: Muhammad Awais Aftab, MBBS, Department of Psychiatry, King Edward Medical University/Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Awais Aftab
keywords: Alcohol abuse; Anxiety; Creativity; Madness; Manto