title: The expression of relaxin-3 in adipose tissue and its effects on adipogenesis.
abstract: Energy homeostasis is regulated by endocrine factors. The concentration of relaxin-3 in serum is related to body mass index. However, relaxin-3 is found only in the brain and testis. In this study, we examined the expression of relaxin- 3 in adipose tissue and its effects on adipogenesis. The expression of relaxin-3 was determined using RT-PCR, a relaxin- 3 C-peptide-specific radioimmunoassay, specifically in the stromal-vascular fraction (SVF) cells rather than adipocytes. The release of C-peptide was regulated by glucose concentration in the SVF cells. However, the differentiated adipocytes did not express relaxin-3. In glucose perfusion experiments, C-peptide was released in response to high glucose concentrations in the mesenteric perfusate, opposite to insulin release. Additionally, GPCR135 mRNA was expressed in adipocytes. Relaxin-3 increased triglycerides in adipocytes and decreased lipase activity. The present study showed that relaxin-3 is secreted from SVF cells and that it regulates lipid accumulation in adipocytes.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimokawa
authors.forename: Tatsuomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Haga
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukui
authors.forename: Kazuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iguchi
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Unno
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hoshino
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52- 1 Yada, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan. yamahiro@u-shizuoka-ken.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takeda
mesh_terms: D050156:Adipogenesis; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015870:Gene Expression; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000235:genetics; D018000:Receptors, Peptide / Q000235:genetics; D012065:Relaxin / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C466742:RLN3 protein, rat; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C577472:RXFP3 protein, rat; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D018000:Receptors, Peptide; D012065:Relaxin