title: Bone mineral density and the risk of breast cancer: a case-control study of Korean women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bone mineral density (BMD) may be useful as a surrogate marker reflecting lifetime exposure to estrogen in a woman. Our study aimed to investigate an association between BMD and breast cancer risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study was conducted using 253 breast cancer cases and 506 age and menopausal status-matched controls from the same institution. Cases were ascertained through medical record review of the women with abnormal mammographic findings. BMD was measured at the lumbar spine and femoral neck using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The association was estimated by conditional logistic regression analysis with an adjustment for covariates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although there was no difference in the association between pre- and postmenopausal disease, the association between BMD and breast cancer was evident for postmenopausal breast cancer. One standard deviation in age and menopausal status adjusted BMD at lumbar spine and femur neck was associated with 1.35-fold (standard error = 0.19, P = .04) and 1.34-fold (standard error = 0.20, P = .05) increased likelihood of breast cancer risk, respectively, for postmenopausal women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After adjusting for covariates, higher BMD at lumbar spine and femur neck are associated with increased likelihood of breast cancer risk for postmenopausal women. These findings suggest that BMD could be included in breast cancer risk prediction models for postmenopausal Korean women.
authors.affiliation: Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Bo-Kyoung
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Promotion, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address: yh38.choi@samsung.com.
authors.forename: Yoon-Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Samsung Medical Center and Center for Clinical Research, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address: yunmisong@skku.edu.
authors.forename: Yun-Mi
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Health Care Center, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Joo-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Hye-Mi
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Noh
authors.affiliation: Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Tuong L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Institute of Health and Environment, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: John L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hopper
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015519:Bone Density; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005272:Femur Neck / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008327:Mammography; D008593:Menopause; D008875:Middle Aged; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Bone density; Breast neoplasm; Case-control study; Korean; Menopause