title: H. guilliermondii impacts growth kinetics and metabolic activity of S. cerevisiae: the role of initial nitrogen concentration.
abstract: Non-Saccharomyces yeasts include different species which comprise an ecologically and biochemically diverse group capable of altering fermentation dynamics and wine composition and flavour. In this study, single- and mixed-culture of Hanseniaspora guilliermondii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were used to ferment natural grape-juice, under two nitrogen regimes. In single-culture the strain H. guilliermondii failed to complete total sugar breakdown even though the nitrogen available has not been a limiting factor of its growth or fermentative activity. In mixed-culture, that strain negatively interfered with the growth and fermentative performance of S. cerevisiae, resulting in lower fermentation rate and longer fermentation length, irrespective of the initial nitrogen concentration. The impact of co-inoculation on the volatile compounds profile was more evident in the wines obtained from DAP-supplemented musts, characterised by increased levels of ethyl and acetate esters, associated with fruity and floral character of wines. Moreover, the levels of fatty acids and sulphur compounds which are responsible for unpleasant odours that depreciate wine sensory quality were significantly lower. Accordingly, data obtained suggests that the strain H. guilliermondii has potential to be used as adjunct of S. cerevisiae in wine industry, although possible interactions with S. cerevisiae still need to be elucidated.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Genomics and Biotechnology (IBB/CGB-UTAD), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, School of Life Sciences and Environment, Vila Real, Portugal.
authors.forename: Patrícia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lage
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Genomics and Biotechnology (IBB/CGB-UTAD), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, School of Life Sciences and Environment, Vila Real, Portugal.
authors.forename: Catarina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Genomics and Biotechnology (IBB/CGB-UTAD), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, School of Life Sciences and Environment, Vila Real, Portugal.
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mateus
authors.affiliation: CBQF/Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vasconcelos
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Genomics and Biotechnology (IBB/CGB-UTAD), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, School of Life Sciences and Environment, Vila Real, Portugal.
authors.forename: Arlete
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mendes-Faia
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Genomics and Biotechnology (IBB/CGB-UTAD), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, School of Life Sciences and Environment, Vila Real, Portugal. Electronic address: anamf@utad.pt.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mendes-Ferreira
mesh_terms: D005285:Fermentation; D055321:Hanseniaspora / Q000378:metabolism*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D009812:Odorants / Q000032:analysis; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis* / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: Alcoholic fermentation; Aroma; Nitrogen response; Non-Saccharomyces; Wine; Yeast