title: Metastasizing Ameloblastoma - a perennial pathological enigma? Report of a case and review of literature.
abstract: The Ameloblastoma is a slow growing locally invasive odontogenic epithelial neoplasm with a high recurrence rate and a low tendency to metastasize. Metastasis in Ameloblastoma was first described by Simmons and Emura in the 1920s. Slootweg and Muller proposed the term Malignant Ameloblastoma to describe a well-differentiated ameloblastoma that metastasizes but maintains the characteristic cytologic features of the original tumour and the term Ameloblastic Carcinoma to an ameloblastoma with malignant cytological features. About 2% of ameloblastomas undergo metastasis. So far there have only been two cases of Metastasizing Ameloblastoma reported from the Indian Subcontinent. We present the case of a 22-year-old male Indian patient, who presented with a diffuse swelling in the left posterior mandible. Radiographs revealed a multilocular radiolucency in the left mandible. On histopathological examination, the lesion was diagnosed as follicular ameloblastoma. Four years later the patient presented with a swelling in the left submandibular region. Histological examination revealed metastatic ameloblastoma within the cervical lymph node.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, 162, P.H. Road, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, India. Electronic address: gifrinaj@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Gifrina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jayaraj
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, 162, P.H. Road, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Herald Justin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Sherlin
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, 162, P.H. Road, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Pratibha
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ramani
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, 162, P.H. Road, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Priya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Premkumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, 162, P.H. Road, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Anuja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Natesan
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, 162, P.H. Road, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Abilasha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramasubramanian
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, 162, P.H. Road, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Nithya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jagannathan
mesh_terms: D000564:Ameloblastoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary*; D001706:Biopsy / Q000379:methods; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D008339:Mandibular Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic / Q000379:methods; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Ameloblastoma; Malignant Ameloblastoma; Metastases