title: Occurrence of deoxynivalenol and deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside in hard red spring wheat grown in the USA.
abstract: Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin found in wheat that is infected with Fusarium fungus. DON may also be converted to a type of "masked mycotoxin", named deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (D3G), as a result of detoxification of the plant. In this study, DON and D3G were measured using gas chromatographic (GC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) in wheat samples collected during 2011 and 2012 in the USA. Results indicate that the growing region had a significant effect on the DON and D3G (p < 0.0001). There was a positive correlation between both methods (GC and LC-MS) used for determination of DON content. DON showed a significant and positive correlation with D3G during 2011. Overall, DON production had an effect on D3G content and kernel damage, and was dependent on environmental conditions during Fusarium infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, PO Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108, USA. senay.simsek@ndsu.edu.
authors.forename: Senay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Simsek
authors.forename: Maribel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ovando-Martínez
authors.forename: Bahri
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ozsisli
authors.forename: Kristin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Whitney
authors.forename: Jae-Bom
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Ohm
mesh_terms: D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D005960:Glucosides / Q000032:analysis*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000032:analysis*; D014908:Triticum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D005960:Glucosides; D014255:Trichothecenes; C542050:deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside; C007262:deoxynivalenol