title: Influence of particle size and fluorination ratio of CF x precursor compounds on the electrochemical performance of C-FeF2 nanocomposites for reversible lithium storage.
abstract: Systematical studies of the electrochemical performance of CF x -derived carbon-FeF2 nanocomposites for reversible lithium storage are presented. The conversion cathode materials were synthesized by a simple one-pot synthesis, which enables a reactive intercalation of nanoscale Fe particles in a CF x matrix, and the reaction of these components to an electrically conductive C-FeF2 compound. The pretreatment and the structure of the utilized CF x precursors play a crucial role in the synthesis and influence the electrochemical behavior of the conversion cathode material. The particle size of the CF x precursor particles was varied by ball milling as well as by choosing different C/F ratios. The investigations led to optimized C-FeF2 conversion cathode materials that showed specific capacities of 436 mAh/g at 40 °C after 25 cycles. The composites were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, X-Ray diffraction measurements, electron energy loss spectroscopy and TEM measurements. The electrochemical performances of the materials were tested by galvanostatic measurements.
authors.affiliation: Karlsruhe Insititute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Breitung
authors.affiliation: Karlsruhe Insititute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
authors.forename: M Anji
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.affiliation: Karlsruhe Insititute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany ; Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Electrochemical Energy Storage, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Venkata Sai Kiran
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Chakravadhanula
authors.affiliation: Karlsruhe Insititute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Engel
authors.affiliation: Karlsruhe Insititute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany ; Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Electrochemical Energy Storage, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany ; Karlsruhe Insititute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kübel
authors.affiliation: Karlsruhe Insititute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany ; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Engesserstrasse 15, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany.
authors.forename: Annie K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Powell
authors.affiliation: Karlsruhe Insititute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany ; Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Electrochemical Energy Storage, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Horst
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hahn
authors.affiliation: Karlsruhe Insititute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany ; Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Electrochemical Energy Storage, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Maximilian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fichtner
keywords: conducting carbon; conversion material; enregy-related; graphite fluoride; iron fluoride; lithium battery