title: Dried extracts of Encholirium spectabile (Bromeliaceae) present antioxidant and photoprotective activities in vitro.
abstract: The antioxidant and photoprotective activities of dried extracts from the leaves of Encholirium spectabile were investigated. It was also evaluated the total phenolic and flavonoid contents by the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride methods, respectively. Antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated by using of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging and β-carotene-linoleic acid bleaching and compared with ascorbic acid, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) used as reference compounds. The photoprotective effect was evaluated by the spectrophotometric method. The most significant total phenolic and flavonoid contents was of 188.50 ± 27.50 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g and 129.70 ± 4.59 mg of catechin equivalent/g, respectively, for chloroform fraction (Es-CHCl3). The Es-CHCl3 also presented the best antioxidant activity (IC50 25.35 ± 4.35 μg/ml) for DPPH scavenging. The ethanol extract (Es-EtOH), Es-CHCl3 and the fraction ethyl acetate (Es-AcOEt) showed characteristic absorption bands in regions UVB and UVA in a concentration-dependent manner. Es-CHCl3 presented the highest sun protection factor SPF (8.89 ± 2.11). It shows the possibility to use this extract as sunscreen in pharmaceutical preparations.
authors.affiliation: Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants (NEPLAME), Federal University of San Francisco Valley, 56.304-205 Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors.forename: Raimundo Gonçalves
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants (NEPLAME), Federal University of San Francisco Valley, 56.304-205 Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors.forename: Grasielly Rocha
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants (NEPLAME), Federal University of San Francisco Valley, 56.304-205 Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors.forename: Amanda Leite
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Guimarães
authors.affiliation: Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants (NEPLAME), Federal University of San Francisco Valley, 56.304-205 Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants (NEPLAME), Federal University of San Francisco Valley, 56.304-205 Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors.forename: Amanda Caroline
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Silva Morais
authors.affiliation: Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants (NEPLAME), Federal University of San Francisco Valley, 56.304-205 Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors.forename: Edigênia Cavalcante
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: da Cruz Araújo
authors.affiliation: Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants (NEPLAME), Federal University of San Francisco Valley, 56.304-205 Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors.forename: Xirley Pereira
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.affiliation: Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants (NEPLAME), Federal University of San Francisco Valley, 56.304-205 Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jackson Roberto Guedes da Silva
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Almeida
keywords: Antioxidant properties; Bromeliaceae; Encholirium spectabile; Medicinal plants; Photoprotection