title: Presence of highly oncogenic human papillomavirus in the oral mucosa of asymptomatic men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to identify highly oncogenic forms of human papillomavirus in the oral mucosa of asymptomatic men.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we analyzed samples of exfoliated cells from the oral cavity of 559 asymptomatic men. DNA-human papillomavirus was detected using the consensus primers PGMY09/11; viral genotyping was performed using type-specific PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DNA-human papillomavirus was detected in 1.3% of the study participants and of those 42.8% were infected by more than one type of virus. Viral types included HPV6, 11, 89 (low oncogenic risk), and HPV52, 53 (high oncogenic risk). Increased vulnerability to human papillomavirus infection was observed in individuals aged over 26 years, among those who reported oral sex practices, and in those who have had more than 16 sexual partners since first engaging in sexual intercourse.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was a low prevalence of human papillomavirus detection in the oral mucosa of asymptomatic men. Highly oncogenic human papillomavirus types and infection by more than one viral type was observed. Oral sex practices and a large number of sexual partners may increase the risk of acquiring human papillomavirus infection.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program of Infectious and Parasitary Diseases from Medicine School, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul/UFMS, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program of Infectious and Parasitary Diseases from Medicine School, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul/UFMS, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Flávia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gatto de Almeida
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program of Infectious and Parasitary Diseases from Medicine School, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul/UFMS, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Camila Mareti
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Bonin
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program of Infectious and Parasitary Diseases from Medicine School, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul/UFMS, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thiago Theodoro
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Martins Prata
authors.affiliation: Biological and Health Center from Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leandro
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sobrinho Ávilla
authors.affiliation: Biological and Health Center from Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cacilda Tezelli
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Junqueira Padovani
authors.affiliation: Biological and Health Center from Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alda Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Teixeira Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Biological and Health Center from Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Eurico
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: dos Santos Fernandes
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program of Infectious and Parasitary Diseases from Medicine School, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul/UFMS, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil; Medicine School from Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul/UFMS, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Electronic address: inestozetti1408@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Inês Aparecida
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Tozetti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D058345:Asymptomatic Infections; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000821:virology*; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral
keywords: Human papilomavírus; Men; Oral mucosal; Viral type