title: A randomized controlled trial comparing the effects of yoga with an active control on ambulatory blood pressure in individuals with prehypertension and stage 1 hypertension.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of yoga with an active control (nonaerobic exercise) in individuals with prehypertension and stage 1 hypertension. A randomized clinical trial was performed using two arms: (1) yoga and (2) active control. Primary outcomes were 24-hour day and night ambulatory systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Within-group and between-group analyses were performed using paired t tests and repeated-measures analysis of variance (time × group), respectively. Eighty-four participants enrolled, with 68 participants completing the trial. Within-group analyses found 24-hour diastolic, night diastolic, and mean arterial pressure all significantly reduced in the yoga group (-3.93, -4.7, -4.23 mm Hg, respectively) but no significant within-group changes in the active control group. Direct comparisons of the yoga intervention with the control group found a single blood pressure variable (diastolic night) to be significantly different (P=.038). This study has demonstrated that a yoga intervention can lower blood pressure in patients with mild hypertension. Although this study was not adequately powered to show between-group differences, the size of the yoga-induced blood pressure reduction appears to justify performing a definitive trial of this intervention to test whether it can provide meaningful therapeutic value for the management of hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY.
authors.forename: Marshall
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hagins
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rundle
authors.forename: Nathan S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Consedine
authors.forename: Sat Bir S
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Khalsa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D003971:Diastole / Q000502:physiology; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058246:Prehypertension / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013599:Systole / Q000502:physiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015013:Yoga / Q000523:psychology