title: Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion suppresses biliary excretion of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides substrate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) causes gut dysfunction and promotes multi-organ failure. The liver and kidney can be affected by multi-organ failure after intestinal I/R. Organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) and organic anion transporters (OATs) are recognized in a broad spectrum from endogenous compounds to xenobiotics, including clinically important drugs. Therefore, it is important for understanding the pharmacokinetics to obtain evidence of alterations in OATPs and OATs expression and transport activities. In the present study, we investigated the expression of rat Oatps and Oats after intestinal I/R.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) model rats. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to assess mRNA and protein expression levels. Plasma concentration and biliary excretion of sulfobromophthalein (BSP), which is used as a model compound of organic anion drugs, were measured after intravenous administration in intestinal I/R rats.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although Oat1 and Oat3 mRNA levels were not altered in the kidney, Oatp1a1, Oatp1b2 and Oatp2b1 mRNA levels in the liver were significantly decreased at 1-6 h after intestinal I/R. Moreover, Oatp1a1 and Oatp2b1 protein expression levels were decreased at 1 h after intestinal I/R. Plasma concentration of BSP, which is a typical substrate of Oatps, in intestinal I/R rats reperfused 1 h was increased than that in sham-operated rats. Moreover, the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC₀₋₉₀) in intestinal I/R rats reperfused 1 h was significantly increased than that in sham-operated rats. The total clearance (CL(tot)) and the biliary clearance (CL(bile)) in intestinal I/R rats reperfused 1 h were significantly decreased than those in sham-operated rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oatp1a1 and Oatp2b1 expression levels are decreased by intestinal I/R. The decreases in these transporters cause alteration of pharmacokinetics of organic anion compound. The newly found influence of intestinal I/R on the expression and function of Oatps may be a key to perform appropriate drug therapy.
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: Jiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ogura
authors.forename: Asuka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fujikawa
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Terada
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsujimoto
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koizumi
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuwayama
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iseki
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001646:Bile / Q000378:metabolism*; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D007422:Intestines / Q000293:injuries; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D027361:Organic Anion Transporters / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism*; D013448:Sulfobromophthalein / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D027361:Organic Anion Transporters; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013448:Sulfobromophthalein; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase