title: Synthesis of silver nanoparticles with antibacterial activity using the lichen Parmotrema praesorediosum.
abstract: Development of a green chemistry process for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles has become a focus of interest. This would offer numerous benefits, including ecofriendliness and compatibility for biomedical applications. Here we report the synthesis of silver nanoparticles from the reduction of silver nitrate and an aqueous extract of the lichen Parmotrema praesorediosum as a reductant as well as a stabilizer. The physical appearance of these silver nanoparticles was characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction techniques. The results show that silver nanoparticles synthesized using P. praesorediosum have an average particle size of 19 nm with a cubic structure. The antibacterial activity of the synthesized silver nanoparticles was tested against eight micro-organisms using the disk diffusion method. The results reveal that silver nanoparticles synthesized using P. praesorediosum have potential antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia ; Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Negeri Sembilan, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Ropisah
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mie
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohd Wahid
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Samsudin
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Laily B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Din
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Azizan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Nazlina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.affiliation: School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Siti Noor Adnalizawati
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Adnan
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D008011:Lichens / Q000737:chemistry*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010316:Particle Size; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012834:Silver
keywords: Parmotrema praesorediosum; antibacterial activity; lichens; silver nanoparticles