title: Factor analysis of the contextual fine motor questionnaire in children.
abstract: Most studies treat fine motor as one subscale in a developmental test, hence, further factor analysis of fine motor has not been conducted. In fact, fine motor has been treated as a multi-dimensional domain from both clinical and theoretical perspectives, and therefore to know its factors would be valuable. The aim of this study is to analyze the internal consistency and factor validity of the Contextual Fine Motor Questionnaire (CFMQ). Based on the ecological observation and literature, the Contextual Fine Motor Questionnaire (CFMQ) was developed and includes 5 subscales: Pen Control, Tool Use During Handicraft Activities, the Use of Dining Utensils, Connecting and Separating during Dressing and Undressing, and Opening Containers. The main purpose of this study is to establish the factorial validity of the CFMQ through conducting this factor analysis study. Among 1208 questionnaires, 904 were successfully completed. Data from the children's CFMQ submitted by primary care providers was analyzed, including 485 females (53.6%) and 419 males (46.4%) from grades 1 to 5, ranging in age from 82 to 167 months (M=113.9, SD=16.3). Cronbach's alpha was used to measure internal consistency and explorative factor analysis was applied to test the five factor structures within the CFMQ. Results showed that Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the CFMQ for 5 subscales ranged from .77 to .92 and all item-total correlations with corresponding subscales were larger than .4 except one item. The factor loading of almost all items classified to their factor was larger than .5 except 3 items. There were five factors, explaining a total of 62.59% variance for the CFMQ. In conclusion, the remaining 24 items in the 5 subscales of the CFMQ had appropriate internal consistency, test-retest reliability and construct validity.
authors.affiliation: Program of Early Intervention, Department of Early Childhood Education, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung, Taiwan. Electronic address: linchinkai97@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Chin-Kai
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Therapy and Graduate of Institute of Behavioral Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. Electronic address: lfmeng@mail.cgu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Ling-Fu
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Nebraska Biomechanics Core Facility, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA. Electronic address: yawenyu@unomaha.edu.
authors.forename: Ya-Wen
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Division of Occupational Therapy, Endeavor Rehabilitation Clinic, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: chekuochen@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Che-Kuo
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Chung Shing Branch, Taichung, Taiwan. Electronic address: parallel-line@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Kuan-Hua
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000295:instrumentation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Hand skills; Psychometric properties; Tool-use; Typical development