title: Cross-border wild polio virus transmission in CORE Group Polio Project areas in Ethiopia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ethiopia interrupted indigenous polio transmission in April 2008. However, it remains at risk of reinfection because of importation of polio virus from bordering countries.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Assess polio immunization activities and risk of wild polio virus (WPV) importation in CORE Group Polio Project (CGPP) international border areas of Ethiopia.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study employed key informant interviews of community volunteers (CV), health extension workers (HEWs), program coordinators, managers and other stakeholders, as well as focus group discussions (FGDs) with community and religious leaders in six border districts (woredas) located in three regions of the country. It was conducted in March and April 2012.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-three key informant interviews and six FGDs were conducted. Immunization coverage was reported to be low and misconceptions about causes and transmission of polio were abundant. There was extensive cross-border movement of people for various reasons and mechanisms for prevention of cross-border polio transmission was almost non existent. AFP case detection and reporting was generally low.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cross-border transmission of polio can occur from several frontiers. Suggestions to control cross-border polio transmission included establishing and/or strengthening cross-border collaboration with responsible counterparts in neighboring countries by using existing cross-border forums and structures to create community awareness, share information and resources, design and implement strategies for identification of children who are eligible for vaccination or suspected AFP cases. In addition districts should coordinate supplemental immunization activities to coincide with when adjacent districts in neighboring countries are carrying out similar actions.
authors.affiliation: CCRDA/CORE Group Polio Project Ethiopia, P.O.Box 5674, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Filimona
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bisrat
authors.affiliation: CCRDA/CORE Group Polio Project Ethiopia, P.O.Box 5674, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Legesse
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kidanel
authors.affiliation: CCRDA/CORE Group Polio Project Ethiopia, P.O.Box 5674, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Kibrom
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abraha
authors.affiliation: CCRDA/CORE Group Polio Project Ethiopia, P.O.Box 5674, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Muluken
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asres
authors.affiliation: CCRDA/CORE Group Polio Project Ethiopia, P.O.Box 5674, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Bezunesh
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dinku
authors.affiliation: CORE Group Polio Project, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Conlon
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Mesganaw
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fantahun
mesh_terms: D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D005002:Ethiopia; D006801:Humans; D017589:Immunization Programs; D011051:Poliomyelitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission*; D011159:Population Surveillance