title: Insulin resistance is an independent determinate of ED in young adult men.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Insulin resistance (IR) triggers endothelial dysfunction, which contributes to erectile dysfunction (ED) and cardiovascular disease.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether IR was related to ED in young adult patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 283 consecutive men complaining of ED at least six months were enrolled, with a full medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests collected. Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) was used to determine IR. The severity of ED was assessed by IIEF-5 questionnaire. Endothelial function was assessed by ultrasonographic examination of brachial artery flow mediated dilation (FMD).
  
  
  RESULTS
  IR was detected in 52% patients. Subjects with IR had significant higher total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c), glycated haemoglobin (HBA1c), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and body mass index (BMI), but showed significant lower IIEF-5 score, FMD%, high density lipoprotein -cholesterol (HDL-c), testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels than patients without IR. Multiple regression analysis showed QUICKI and testosterone were independent predictors of IIEF-5 score. Furthermore, the incidence of IR was correlated with the severity of ED.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared with other CVFs, IR was found as the most prevalent in our subjects. Besides, IR was independently associated with ED and its severity, suggesting an adverse effect of insulin resistance on erectile function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Shengfu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Rongpei
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shanghai Institute of Andrology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yanping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Fufu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Yangbin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ou
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Xiangan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Yadong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Qiyun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Zi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Wake Forest University, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America.
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Xiangzhou
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China ; Wake Forest University, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America.
authors.forename: Guihua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Chunhua
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Deng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000473:pathology*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000378:metabolism; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000378:metabolism; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D013739:Testosterone / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D002784:Cholesterol; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D013739:Testosterone; D014280:Triglycerides