title: Idiopathic head tremor in English bulldogs.
abstract: Idiopathic head tremor (IHT) syndrome is a recognized but poorly characterized movement disorder in English bulldogs (EBs). The data analyzed were collected via a detailed online questionnaire and video recordings. Thirty-eight percent of the population demonstrated IHT. The first presentation was early in life. There was no sex or neutered status predisposition. The condition disappeared with time in 50% of the cases. The direction of the head movement was vertical or horizontal. The number of episodes per day and the duration of the episodes were greatly variable. The majority of episodes occurred at rest. Most of the episodes were unpredictable. And there was no alteration of the mental status for most dogs during the episodes. Stress has been reported as a suspected trigger factor. IHT in EBs can be considered an idiopathic paroxysmal movement disorder.
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, England.
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guevar
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Decker
authors.forename: Luc M L
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Van Ham
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Holger A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Volk
mesh_terms: D017668:Age of Onset; D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006257:Head / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D014202:Tremor / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: bulldog; dog; head tremor; movement disorder