title: C-type natriuretic peptide modulates permeability of the blood-brain barrier.
abstract: C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is abundant in brain and is reported to exert autocrine function in vascular cells, but its effect on blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability has not been clarified yet. Here, we examined this effect. Transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) of in vitro BBB model, composed of bovine brain microvascular endothelial cells and astrocytes, was significantly dose dependently decreased by CNP (1, 10, and 100 nmol/L). C-type natriuretic peptide treatment reduced both the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expressions of tight junction (TJ) protein zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1). The effects on TEER, mRNA, and protein expressions of ZO-1 were mimicked by cyclic GMP (cGMP) analog 8-bromo-cGMP (1 μmol/L) and reversed by protein kinase G (PKG) inhibitor Rp-8-CPT-cGMPS (100 μmol/L), thus implying the role of PKG and cGMP signaling in BBB function. Transcription factor JunD knockdown by small interfering RNA resulted in no change of permeability by CNP. In vivo study of mouse brain by fluorimetric analysis with intravenous administration of sodium fluorescein (40 mg/kg) also showed a significant increase in BBB permeability by CNP (10 nmol/kg, intravenously). These findings suggest that CNP modulates the BBB permeability by altering ZO-1 expression.
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan [2] Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Manoj
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bohara
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kambe
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagayama
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tokimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Arita
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsuro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miyata
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects*; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism; D017869:Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D017097:Electric Impedance; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D019793:Fluorescein / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005470:Fluorometry; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D008954:Models, Biological; D020098:Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type / Q000494:pharmacology*; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D062826:Zonula Occludens-1 Protein / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D062826:Zonula Occludens-1 Protein; D020098:Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type; D017869:Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D019793:Fluorescein