title: Avoiding permanent atrial fibrillation: treatment approaches to prevent disease progression.
abstract: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia and a major global public health problem due to its associated morbidity, including stroke and heart failure, diminished quality of life, and increased mortality. AF often presents initially in a paroxysmal form and may progress to a more sustained form over time. Evidence from randomized controlled trials suggests that there may be no mortality benefit to using a rhythm control approach in comparison with rate control of AF. Nevertheless, sustained forms of AF may be associated with increased symptoms and cardiovascular morbidity, and consequently they remain an additional target for therapy. The present review evaluates the clinical correlates of arrhythmia progression and risk stratification techniques available to assess probability of AF progression. Further, currently available management options for arrhythmia control in AF are evaluated and their therapeutic effect and efficacy on disease progression are explored.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Ashish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shukla
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Anne B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Curtis
mesh_terms: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D018450:Disease Progression; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D015995:Prevalence; D011314:Preventive Health Services; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents
keywords: atrial fibrillation; permanent; prevention; progression