title: Viruses and the nucleolus: the fatal attraction.
abstract: Viruses are small obligatory parasites and as a consequence, they have developed sophisticated strategies to exploit the host cell's functions to create an environment that favors their own replication. A common feature of most - if not all - families of human and non-human viruses concerns their interaction with the nucleolus. The nucleolus is a multifunctional nuclear domain, which, in addition to its well-known role in ribosome biogenesis, plays several crucial other functions. Viral infection induces important nucleolar alterations. Indeed, during viral infection numerous viral components localize in nucleoli, while various host nucleolar proteins are redistributed in other cell compartments or are modified, and non-nucleolar cellular proteins reach the nucleolus. This review highlights the interactions reported between the nucleolus and some human or animal viral families able to establish a latent or productive infection, selected on the basis of their known interactions with the nucleolus and the nucleolar activities, and their links with virus replication and/or pathogenesis. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Role of the Nucleolus in Human Disease.
authors.affiliation: Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI, International Center for Infectiology Research), Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69365 Lyon CEDEX, France; LabEx Ecofect, Université de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France. Electronic address: anna.salvetti@ens-lyon.fr.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salvetti
authors.affiliation: Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI, International Center for Infectiology Research), Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69365 Lyon CEDEX, France; LabEx Ecofect, Université de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France. Electronic address: anna.greco@ens-lyon.fr.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Greco
mesh_terms: D002466:Cell Nucleolus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000235:genetics; D014780:Viruses / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity
chemical_list: D014764:Viral Proteins
keywords: Angiogenesis; Apoptosis; Herpes virus; Nucleolar protein; Positive-strand RNA virus