title: Bio-electrospraying of human mesenchymal stem cells: An alternative for tissue engineering.
abstract: Bio-electrospraying (BES) is a technique used for the processing of cells and can be applied to tissue engineering. The association of BES with scaffold production techniques has been shown to be an interesting strategy for the production of biomaterials with cells homogeneously distributed in the entire structure. Various studies have evaluated the effects of BES on different cell types. However, until the present moment, no studies have evaluated the impact of BES time on mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Therefore, the aim of this work was to standardise the different parameters of BES (voltage, flow rate, and distance of the needle from the collecting plate) in relation to cell viability and then to evaluate the impact of BES time in relation to viability, proliferation, DNA damage, maintenance of plasticity and the immunophenotypic profile of MSC. Using 15 kV voltage, 0.46 ml/h flow rate and 4 cm distance, it was possible to form a stable and continuous jet of BES without causing a significant reduction in cell viability. Time periods between 15 and 60 min of BES did not cause alterations of viability, proliferation, plasticity, and immunophenotypic profile of the MSC. Time periods above 30 min of BES resulted in DNA damage; however, the DNA was able to repair itself within five hours. These results indicate that bio-electrospraying is an adequate technique for processing MSC which can be safely applied to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
authors.affiliation: Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory-Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90610-000, Brazil ; Material Science Post-graduate Programme, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 91540-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: D I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Braghirolli
authors.affiliation: Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory-Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90610-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zamboni
authors.affiliation: Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory-Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90610-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Chagastelles
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90050-170, Brazil.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Moura
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90050-170, Brazil ; Department of Biophysics/Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 91501-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Saffi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics/Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 91501-970, Brazil ; Biotechnology Institute, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul 95070-560, Brazil.
authors.forename: J A P
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Henriques
authors.affiliation: Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory-Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90610-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Pilger
authors.affiliation: Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory-Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90610-000, Brazil ; Material Science Post-graduate Programme, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 91540-000, Brazil ; Stem Cell Research Institute (SCRI), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90020-010, Brazil.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pranke