title: Role of regulator of G protein signaling proteins in bone.
abstract: Regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins are a family with more than 30 proteins that all contain an RGS domain. In the past decade, increasing evidence has indicated that RGS proteins play crucial roles in the regulation of G protein coupling receptors (GPCR), G proteins, and calcium signaling during cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation in a variety of tissues. In bone, those proteins modulate bone development and remodeling by influencing various signaling pathways such as GPCR-G protein signaling, Wnt, calcium oscillations and PTH. This review summarizes the recent advances in the understanding of the regulation of RGS gene expression, as well as the functions and mechanisms of RGS proteins, especially in regulating GPCR-G protein signaling, Wnt signaling, calcium oscillations signaling and PTH signaling during bone development and remodeling. This review also highlights the regulation of different RGS proteins in osteoblasts, chondrocytes and osteoclasts. The knowledge from the recent advances of RGS study summarized in the review would provide the insights into new therapies for bone diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Keinan
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214.
authors.forename: Shuying
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics and Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA.
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biology School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, B36 Foster Hall, Buffalo, NY 14214.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biology School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, B36 Foster Hall, Buffalo, NY 14214.
authors.forename: Tongjun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 1825 University Blvd, Birmingham AL 35294, USA.
authors.forename: Yi-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D020710:RGS Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D020710:RGS Proteins