title: Metabolic consequences of HIV: pathogenic insights.
abstract: With the advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV infection has been transformed into a chronic medical condition that can be effectively managed like diabetes or hypertension. For HIV care providers, the focus of care for many patients has shifted from prevention of opportunistic infection and AIDS-related conditions to age-related cardiometabolic comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, and frailty. Numerous reports have highlighted that these diseases are occurring at an earlier age among HIV-infected persons. However, there is an ongoing debate regarding the role of HIV infection, ART, and other factors that may underlie the accelerated occurrence of these diseases. Herein, we review the epidemiology of the US HIV epidemic with regards to several metabolic comorbidities and address mechanisms that likely contribute to the current nature of HIV disease.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases. UAB Center for AIDS Research, University of Alabama School of Medicine, 845 19th Street South, BBRB 207, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA, mandyrd@uab.edu.
authors.forename: Amanda L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Willig
authors.forename: E Turner
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Overton
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000375:Aging / Q000276:immunology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015897:Comorbidity; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D019282:Wasting Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology