title: RNA silencing is resistant to low-temperature in grapevine.
abstract: RNA silencing is a natural defence mechanism against viruses in plants, and transgenes expressing viral RNA-derived sequences were previously shown to confer silencing-based enhanced resistance against the cognate virus in several species. However, RNA silencing was shown to dysfunction at low temperatures in several species, questioning the relevance of this strategy in perennial plants such as grapevines, which are often exposed to low temperatures during the winter season. Here, we show that inverted-repeat (IR) constructs trigger a highly efficient silencing reaction in all somatic tissues in grapevines. Similarly to other plant species, IR-derived siRNAs trigger production of secondary transitive siRNAs. However, and in sharp contrast to other species tested to date where RNA silencing is hindered at low temperature, this process remained active in grapevine cultivated at 4°C. Consistently, siRNA levels remained steady in grapevines cultivated between 26°C and 4°C, whereas they are severely decreased in Arabidopsis grown at 15°C and almost undetectable at 4°C. Altogether, these results demonstrate that RNA silencing operates in grapevine in a conserved manner but is resistant to far lower temperatures than ever described in other species.
authors.affiliation: UMR1131 Santé de la Vigne et Qualité du Vin, INRA-Université de Strasbourg, Colmar, France.
authors.forename: Marjorie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Romon
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Vigne, Biotechnologies et Environnement, Université de Haute Alsace, Colmar, France.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Soustre-Gacougnolle
authors.affiliation: UMR1131 Santé de la Vigne et Qualité du Vin, INRA-Université de Strasbourg, Colmar, France.
authors.forename: Carine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schmitt
authors.affiliation: UMR1131 Santé de la Vigne et Qualité du Vin, INRA-Université de Strasbourg, Colmar, France.
authors.forename: Mireille
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Perrin
authors.affiliation: UMR1131 Santé de la Vigne et Qualité du Vin, INRA-Université de Strasbourg, Colmar, France.
authors.forename: Yannick
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Burdloff
authors.affiliation: UMR1131 Santé de la Vigne et Qualité du Vin, INRA-Université de Strasbourg, Colmar, France.
authors.forename: Elodie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chevalier
authors.affiliation: Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UPR2357, CNRS, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Jérome
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mutterer
authors.affiliation: Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UPR2357, CNRS, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Himber
authors.affiliation: Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UPR2357, CNRS, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zervudacki
authors.affiliation: Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UPR2357, CNRS, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Montavon
authors.affiliation: Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UPR2357, CNRS, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Aude
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zimmermann
authors.affiliation: Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, INRA-AgroParisTech, Versailles, France.
authors.forename: Taline
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Elmayan
authors.affiliation: Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, INRA-AgroParisTech, Versailles, France.
authors.forename: Hervé
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vaucheret
authors.affiliation: Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UPR2357, CNRS, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Patrice
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dunoyer
authors.affiliation: UMR1131 Santé de la Vigne et Qualité du Vin, INRA-Université de Strasbourg, Colmar, France.
authors.forename: Jean E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Masson
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D002455:Cell Division / Q000235:genetics; D003080:Cold Temperature; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D055029:Inverted Repeat Sequences / Q000235:genetics; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D019076:Transgenes / Q000235:genetics; D027843:Vitis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins