title: Microwave/H2O2 efficiency in pentachlorophenol removal from aqueous solutions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is one of the most fungicides and pesticides. Acute and chronic poisoning from PCP may be occurred by dermal absorption, and respiration or ingestion. With respect to health and environmental effects of PCP, many methods were considered regarding its removal. Microwave assisted other methods are environmental friendly, safety, and economical method, consequently, in this study; microwave assisted with hydrogen peroxide (MW/H2O2) was used for PCP removal from aquatic solutions.
  
  
  METHODS
  The possible of PCP removal was considered by application of a modified domestic microwave. PCP removal rate was considered under different factors such as H2O2 dose (0.01, 0.02, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 mol/L), PCP concentration (100,200, 300, 400, 500, 750, 1000 mg/L), pH (3, 7, 11), energy intensity (180,450, 600 W), COD (344 mg/L), and scavenger testes (0.02 mol/L from each of Tert- butyl alcohol (TBA), NaCl, NaHCO3, and Na2CO3). The concentration changes of PCP were determined using spectrophotometer and HPLC spectra, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The best PCP removal was obtained in condition of pH 11, 0.2 mol/L H2O2, and 600 W energy intensity. Moreover, COD removal in this condition was 83%. Results obtained from radical scavengers indicated that OH° had only an initiator role, and had not a dominant role, and order reaction was in first order.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of microwave/H2O2 application showed that this process is suitable for removal of PCP and other chlorinated organic compounds in alkaline pH.
authors.affiliation: Social Determinants of Health Research Center (SDHRC), Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Ghorban
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Asgari
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Health Sciences, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Abdolmotaleb
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Seidmohammadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. chavoshani.afsane@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Afsane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chavoshani
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Health Sciences, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali Reza
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Rahmani
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008872:Microwaves; D010416:Pentachlorophenol / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D018505:Waste Management / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D010416:Pentachlorophenol
keywords: Alkaline pH; H2O2; Microwave; PCP