title: Arginine, soy isoflavone and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose have protective effects against obesity in broiler breeder hens fed on high-energy diets.
abstract: 1. The present study was undertaken to determine the effects of arginine, soy isoflavone (ISF) and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) on obesity in broiler breeder hens. 2. A total of 320 Cobb 500 hens, 45 weeks of age, were assigned to 64 floor pens. The experiment was conducted as a completely randomised design in a factorial arrangement (2 × 2 × 2 × 2) with 4 replicates of 5 hens in each pen. Factors included two concentrations of HPMC (0 and 1%), two concentrations of arginine (8.4 and 12 g/kg), two concentrations of ISF (zero and three times more than that present in basal diets) and two contents of energy (11.7 and 14.6 MJ/kg). Performance criteria and blood characteristics of hens were measured during the experimental period. Expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism was determined in the liver at 55 weeks of age. 3. Hens given high-energy diets showed increased BW (body weight), ovary weight and abdominal fat pad and enhanced plasma glucose, triglyceride (TG), cholesterol, haemoglobin, haematocrit and low lymphocyte percentages. The expression of malic enzyme, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) and inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) increased and sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP1c) decreased with increasing energy content of diets. Arginine addition decreased TG, cholesterol and A1-c haemoglobin concentration and increased PPARα, PPARγ and iNOS expression. Inclusion of ISF and HPMC decreased BW, egg weight, plasma TG, cholesterol and increased egg production and also enhanced PPARγ and iNOS expression. Significant interactions were observed between energy concentration and ISF and HPMC on BW. 4. The results of the current study revealed that ISF, HPMC and arginine have beneficial effects on controlling the metabolism of obese broiler breeder hens and using a mix of these products minimises the harmful effects of obesity.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resource , University of Tehran , Karaj 31587-11167 , Iran.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khalaji
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zaghari
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ganjkhanloo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ghaziani
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D030161:Avian Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000662:veterinary; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002645:Chickens; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D065347:Hypromellose Derivatives; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008747:Methylcellulose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D010063:Ovum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D030161:Avian Proteins; D005227:Fatty Acids; D007529:Isoflavones; D065347:Hypromellose Derivatives; D008747:Methylcellulose; D001120:Arginine