title: Cerebrovascular neurosurgery in evolution: the endovascular paradigm.
abstract: Endovascular technique represents an important, minimally invasive approach to treating cerebrovascular disease. In this article, we discuss the origins of endovascular neurosurgery as a discipline in the context of important technical milestones, evidence-based medicine, and future cerebrovascular neurosurgical training. Cerebrovascular neurosurgery has seen a steady, convergent evolution toward the surgeon capable of seamless incorporation of open and endovascular approaches to any complex vascular disease affecting the central nervous system. Neurosurgery must assume the leadership role in the multidisciplinary neurovascular team.
authors.affiliation: Departments of *Neurosurgery, §Radiology, and ¶Neurology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, and ‖Toshiba Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, State University of New York; ‡Department of Neurosurgery, Gates Vascular Institute, Kaleida Health Buffalo, New York; #Jacobs Institute, Buffalo, New York.
authors.forename: Grant C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Sorkin
authors.forename: Travis M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Dumont
authors.forename: Jorge L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Eller
authors.forename: Maxim
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mokin
authors.forename: Kenneth V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Snyder
authors.forename: Elad I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: Adnan H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Siddiqui
authors.forename: L Nelson
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Hopkins
mesh_terms: D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000601:surgery*; D057510:Endovascular Procedures; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome