title: The primer for sports medicine professionals on imaging: the shoulder.
abstract: Because of its inherent superior soft tissue contrast and lack of ionizing radiation, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is highly suited to study the complex anatomy of the shoulder joint, particularly when assessing the relatively high incidence of shoulder injuries in young, athletic patients. This review aims to serve as a primer for understanding shoulder MRI in an algorithmical approach, including MRI protocol and technique, normal anatomy and anatomical variations of the shoulder, pathologic conditions of the rotator cuff tendons and muscles, the long head of the biceps tendon, shoulder impingement, labral and glenohumeral ligament pathology, MR findings in shoulder instability, adhesive capsulitis, and osteoarthritis.
authors.affiliation: Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Nadja A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Farshad-Amacker
authors.affiliation: Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Sapna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jain Palrecha
authors.affiliation: Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Mazda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farshad
keywords: MRI; imaging; shoulder; shoulder anatomy; shoulder pathologies