title: Differential roles of astrocyte and microglia in supporting oligodendrocyte development and myelination in vitro.
abstract: Oligodendrocyte (OL) development relies on many extracellular cues, most of which are secreted cytokines from neighboring neural cells. Although it is generally accepted that both astrocytes and microglia are beneficial for OL development, there is a lack of understanding regarding whether astrocytes and microglia play similar or distinct roles. The current study examined the effects of astrocytes and microglia on OL developmental phenotypes including cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, and myelination in vitro. Our data reveal that, although both astrocytes- and microglia-conditioned medium (ACDM and MCDM, respectively) protect OL progenitor cells (OPCs) against growth factor withdrawal-induced apoptosis, ACDM is significantly more effective than MCDM in supporting long-term OL survival. In contrast, MCDM preferentially promotes OL differentiation and myelination. These differential effects of ACDM and MCDM on OL development are highlighted by distinct pattern of cytokine/growth factors in the conditioned medium, which correlates with differentially activated intracellular signaling pathways in OPCs upon exposure to the conditioned medium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson, Mississippi, 39216.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson, Mississippi, 39216.
authors.forename: Lir-Wan
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University Xinzhuang Dist, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Lu-Tai
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Tien
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Jackson State University Jackson, Mississippi, 39217.
authors.forename: Xuemei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson, Mississippi, 39216.
authors.forename: Baoying
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson, Mississippi, 39216.
authors.forename: Zhengwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson, Mississippi, 39216.
authors.forename: Rick C S
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson, Mississippi, 39216.
authors.forename: Abhay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhatt
keywords: Cytokine; differentiation; glia; in vitro; proliferation