title: Epidemiologic investigation of tuberculosis in a Mexican population from Chihuahua State, Mexico: a pilot study.
abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) and its co-morbid conditions have become a burden on global health economies. It is well understood that susceptibility of the host to TB infection/disease is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors and their interactions. The aims of this pilot case-control study are to characterize the sociodemographic and environmental factors related to active TB disease (TB/case) and latent TB infection (LTBI/control) status, and to identify risk factors associated with progression from LTBI to TB. We recruited 75 cases with TB (mean age=46.3y; females=41%) and 75 controls with LTBI (mean age=39.0y; females=37%), from the Mestizo population of Cuidad Juárez, Mexico. In addition to the determination of case/control status, information on environmental variables was collected (e.g., socioeconomic status, smoking, alcohol consumption, substance abuse, nutritional status, household demographics, medical histories and presence of type 2 diabetes [T2DM]). The data were analyzed to identify the environmental correlates of TB and LTBI using univariate and multivariate statistical approaches. Following multivariate logistic regression analysis, TB was associated with poor nutrition, T2DM, family history of TB, and non-Chihuahua state of birth. These preliminary findings have relevance to TB control at the Mexico-United States border, and contribute to our future genetic study of TB in Mexicans.
authors.affiliation: Texas Biomedical Research Institute, P.O. Box 760549, San Antonio, TX, 78245, USA.
authors.forename: Geetha
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chittoor
authors.affiliation: The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
authors.forename: Rector
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arya
authors.affiliation: Texas Biomedical Research Institute, P.O. Box 760549, San Antonio, TX, 78245, USA.
authors.forename: Vidya S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Farook
authors.affiliation: University of Kansas, 1450 Jayhawk Blvd, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA.
authors.forename: Randy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: David
authors.affiliation: Texas Biomedical Research Institute, P.O. Box 760549, San Antonio, TX, 78245, USA.
authors.forename: Sobha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Puppala
authors.affiliation: Texas Biomedical Research Institute, P.O. Box 760549, San Antonio, TX, 78245, USA.
authors.forename: Roy G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Resendez
authors.affiliation: Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Av. Escorza No. 900, Zona Centro. CP. 31000, Chihuahua, Chih., Mexico.
authors.forename: Blanca E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Rivera-Chavira
authors.affiliation: Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Av. Escorza No. 900, Zona Centro. CP. 31000, Chihuahua, Chih., Mexico.
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Leal-Berumen
authors.affiliation: Universidad Veracruzana, Av. Luis Castelazo Ayala s/n. Col. Industrial Ánimas, C.P. 91190 Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zenteno-Cuevas
authors.affiliation: Core of Biostatistics, Hospital General De Mexico, Mexico City.
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: López-Alvarenga
authors.affiliation: Texas Biomedical Research Institute, P.O. Box 760549, San Antonio, TX, 78245, USA.
authors.forename: Raul A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Bastarrachea
authors.affiliation: Texas Biomedical Research Institute, P.O. Box 760549, San Antonio, TX, 78245, USA.
authors.forename: Joanne E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Curran
authors.affiliation: Texas Tech Health Science Center, 5001 El Paso Dr, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA.
authors.forename: Subramanian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dhandayuthapani
authors.affiliation: Texas Department of State Health Services, 401 E Franklin, Suite 210, El Paso, TX, 79901, USA.
authors.forename: Lupe
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.affiliation: Texas Biomedical Research Institute, P.O. Box 760549, San Antonio, TX, 78245, USA.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blangero
authors.affiliation: University of Kansas, 1450 Jayhawk Blvd, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA.
authors.forename: Michael H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Crawford
authors.affiliation: Texas Department of State Health Services, 401 E Franklin, Suite 210, El Paso, TX, 79901, USA.
authors.forename: Esteban M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Vlasich
authors.affiliation: New Mexico Department of Health, Region 5, 1170 N Solano, Suite H, Las Cruces, NM, 88001, USA.
authors.forename: Luis G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Escobedo
authors.affiliation: Texas Biomedical Research Institute, P.O. Box 760549, San Antonio, TX, 78245, USA. Electronic address: ravid@txbiomedgenetics.org.
authors.forename: Ravindranath
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Duggirala
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D004641:Emigration and Immigration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D055985:Latent Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents
keywords: Chihuahua (Mexico); Mexico-US border health; Nutritional Status; Tuberculosis; Type 2 Diabetes