title: Pentoxifylline decreases serum level of adhesion molecules in atherosclerosis patients.
abstract: Inflammation is involved in development, progression, and complications of atherosclerotic disease. Clinical studies have indicated that the level of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), IL-18, and adhesion molecules correlates with the severity of atherosclerosis and can predict future cardiovascular events. Experimental studies have shown pentoxifylline (PTX) reduces these factors in animal models. The purpose of the present pilot study was to evaluate effect of PTX on a group of inflammatory biomarkers in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).
  
  
  
  Forty patients with angiographically documented CAD, who fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria, were entered in the double-blind, randomized, pilot clinical study. The patients were randomly given PTX (400 mg three times daily) or placebo (3 tab/day) for 2 months. Serum concentrations of MCP-1, IL-18, intercellular adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) were measured before and at the end of intervention by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay.
  
  
  
  Our study showed that the serum levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 was decreased in the study population after two-month treatment (P<0.05).
  
  
  
  Based on the results of our pilot study, administration of PTX in CAD patients significantly decreases adhesion molecules levels.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Pharmacodynamy and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.|Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Amir Hooshang
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Mohammadpour
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Homa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Falsoleiman
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Jamal
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shamsara
authors.affiliation: Nanotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Ghazaleh
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Allah Abadi
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Ramin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rasooli
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.|Nanotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ramezani
mesh_terms: D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000097:blood*; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010431:Pentoxifylline / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D010919:Placebos; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: C111835:CCL2 protein, human; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; C573420:ICAM1 protein, human; C000589760:IL18 protein, human; D020382:Interleukin-18; D010919:Placebos; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D010431:Pentoxifylline
keywords: Atherosclerosis; Inflammation; Pentoxifylline