title: Emerging role of nanog in tumorigenesis and cancer stem cells.
abstract: Nanog is a transcription factor that is well-established as a key regulator of embryonic stem cell (ESC) maintenance. Recent evidence demonstrates that Nanog is dysregulated and intimately involved in promoting tumorigenesis in part through regulation of the cancer stem cell (CSC) population. Elevated Nanog is associated with poorer outcome in numerous epithelial malignancies. Nanog is enriched in CSCs and ablation of Nanog is sufficient to reduce the CSC pool. Nanog has also been implicated to promote chemoresistance and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Insight into the Nanog signaling cascade, upstream regulators and downstream effectors, is beginning to emerge but remains to be fully elucidated. This review highlights the current literature on the emerging role of Nanog in tumorigenesis and CSCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH; Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH.
authors.forename: Luis E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Iv Santaliz-Ruiz
authors.forename: Xiujie
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Old
authors.forename: Theodoros N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Teknos
authors.forename: Quintin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000502:physiology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D063646:Carcinogenesis; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000378:metabolism; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D000071317:Nanog Homeobox Protein; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011379:Prognosis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C486780:NANOG protein, human; D000071317:Nanog Homeobox Protein
keywords: Nanog; cancer initiating cells; cancer stem cells; epithelial-mesenchymal transition; prognostic biomarkers