title: Transplacental rotavirus IgG interferes with immune response to live oral rotavirus vaccine ORV-116E in Indian infants.
abstract: The lower immune response and efficacy of live oral rotavirus (RV) vaccines tested in developing countries may be due in part to high levels of pre-existing RV antibodies transferred to the infant from mother via the placenta. The candidate RV vaccine strain 116E was isolated from a newborn indicating that it might grow well even in the presence of this transplacental rotavirus antibody. Since the immune response to this vaccine among infants in the Indian subcontinent has been greater than that of the commercially licensed vaccines, we questioned whether this might be due to the ability of RV 116E to grow well in infants despite the presence of maternal RV antibody. To this end, we tested pre-immunization sera from Indian infants enrolled in a phase Ia/IIb trial of candidate RV vaccine ORV-116E for transplacental RV IgG to see whether it affected the immune responses and seroconversion to the vaccine. We found that the high titers of transplacental RV IgG diminished the immune responses of infants to ORV-116E vaccine. However, the vaccine was able to overcome the inhibitory effect of this RV IgG in a dose-dependent manner. This report clearly demonstrates the interference of maternal antibody on RV vaccine immunogenicity in infants in a field study as well as the ability of ORV-116E to overcome this interference when used at a higher dose.
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Infectious Disease Research Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Gurgaon 122016, India.
authors.forename: Mohan Babu
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Appaiahgari
authors.affiliation: Fogarty International Centre, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Glass
authors.affiliation: Society for Applied Studies, New Delhi 110016, India.
authors.forename: Shakti
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Society for Applied Studies, New Delhi 110016, India.
authors.forename: Sunita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taneja
authors.affiliation: Society for Applied Studies, New Delhi 110016, India.
authors.forename: Temsunaro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rongsen-Chandola
authors.affiliation: Society for Applied Studies, New Delhi 110016, India.
authors.forename: Nita
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bhandari
authors.affiliation: Clinical Development Services Agency, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Gurgaon 122016, India.
authors.forename: Sukhdev
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Infectious Disease Research Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Gurgaon 122016, India; National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi 110067, India. Electronic address: vrati@thsti.res.in.
authors.forename: Sudhanshu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vrati
mesh_terms: D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D000917:Antibody Formation; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007112:Immunity, Maternally-Acquired; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D007194:India; D007223:Infant; D011247:Pregnancy; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D022243:Rotavirus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D022243:Rotavirus Vaccines
keywords: Dose; IgA; Maternal antibody; Rotavirus; Seroconversion; Vaccine