title: Flies and humans share a motion estimation strategy that exploits natural scene statistics.
abstract: Sighted animals extract motion information from visual scenes by processing spatiotemporal patterns of light falling on the retina. The dominant models for motion estimation exploit intensity correlations only between pairs of points in space and time. Moving natural scenes, however, contain more complex correlations. We found that fly and human visual systems encode the combined direction and contrast polarity of moving edges using triple correlations that enhance motion estimation in natural environments. Both species extracted triple correlations with neural substrates tuned for light or dark edges, and sensitivity to specific triple correlations was retained even as light and dark edge motion signals were combined. Thus, both species separately process light and dark image contrasts to capture motion signatures that can improve estimation accuracy. This convergence argues that statistical structures in natural scenes have greatly affected visual processing, driving a common computational strategy over 500 million years of evolution.
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. [2] [3].
authors.forename: Damon A
authors.identifier: 000000018487700X
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. [2] [3].
authors.forename: James E
authors.identifier: 0000000209494188
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. [2] [3].
authors.forename: Justin M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ales
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
authors.forename: Daryl M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Gohl
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
authors.forename: Marion A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Silies
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
authors.forename: Anthony M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Norcia
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Clandinin
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D015350:Contrast Sensitivity / Q000502:physiology*; D004330:Drosophila; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual / Q000502:physiology; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009039:Motion Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000502:physiology*; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011601:Psychophysics