title: Transcultural diabetes nutrition algorithm: a malaysian application.
abstract: Glycemic control among patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) in Malaysia is suboptimal, especially after the continuous worsening over the past decade. Improved glycemic control may be achieved through a comprehensive management strategy that includes medical nutrition therapy (MNT). Evidence-based recommendations for diabetes-specific therapeutic diets are available internationally. However, Asian patients with T2D, including Malaysians, have unique disease characteristics and risk factors, as well as cultural and lifestyle dissimilarities, which may render international guidelines and recommendations less applicable and/or difficult to implement. With these thoughts in mind, a transcultural Diabetes Nutrition Algorithm (tDNA) was developed by an international task force of diabetes and nutrition experts through the restructuring of international guidelines for the nutritional management of prediabetes and T2D to account for cultural differences in lifestyle, diet, and genetic factors. The initial evidence-based global tDNA template was designed for simplicity, flexibility, and cultural modification. This paper reports the Malaysian adaptation of the tDNA, which takes into account the epidemiologic, physiologic, cultural, and lifestyle factors unique to Malaysia, as well as the local guidelines recommendations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Hospital Putrajaya, Pusat Pentadbiran Kerajaan Persekutuan, Presint 7, 62250 Putrajaya, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Zanariah
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hussein
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
authors.forename: Osama
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hamdy
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Yook
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chin Chia
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Hospital Pulau Pinang, Penang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Shueh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lin Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Santha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumari Natkunam
authors.affiliation: Family Medicine, Putrajaya Health Clinic, Putrajaya, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Husni
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Care, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yeong Tan
authors.affiliation: Department of Dietetics and Food Services, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Ridzoni
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sulaiman
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Barakatun
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nisak
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Winnie Siew Swee
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Chee
authors.affiliation: Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07101, USA.
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marchetti
authors.affiliation: Abbott Nutrition, Columbus, OH 43219, USA.
authors.forename: Refaat A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hegazi
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Mechanick