title: Remodeling characteristics and collagen distribution in biological scaffold materials explanted from human subjects after abdominal soft tissue reconstruction: an analysis of scaffold remodeling characteristics by patient risk factors and surgical site classifications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study purpose was to evaluate the associations between patient characteristics or surgical site classifications and the histologic remodeling scores of biologic meshes biopsied from abdominal soft tissue repair sites in the first attempt to generate a multivariable risk-prediction model of nonconstructive remodeling.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Host characteristics and surgical site assessments may predict remodeling degree for biologic meshes used to reinforce abdominal tissue repair sites.
  
  
  METHODS
  Biologic meshes were biopsied from the abdominal tissue repair sites of n = 40 patients during an abdominal reexploration, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and evaluated according to a semi-quantitative scoring system for remodeling characteristics (cell types, cell infiltration, extracellular matrix deposition, scaffold degradation, fibrous encapsulation, and neovascularization) and a mean composite score. Biopsies were stained with Sirius Red and Fast Green and analyzed to determine the collagen I:III ratio. On the basis of univariate analyses between subject clinical characteristics or surgical site classification and the histologic remodeling scores, cohort variables were selected for multivariable regression models using P ≤ 0.200.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The model selection process for cell infiltration score yielded 2 variables: age at mesh implantation and mesh classification (C statistic = 0.989). For the mean composite score, the model selection process yielded 2 variables: age at mesh implantation and mesh classification (r = 0.449).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These preliminary results constitute the first steps in generating a risk-prediction model that predicts the patients and clinical circumstances most likely to experience nonconstructive remodeling of abdominal tissue repair sites with biologic mesh reinforcement.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Surgery, Section of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO †Department of Anatomic Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH ‡Department of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO §Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN; and ¶William Beaumont Army Medical Center, El Paso, TX.
authors.forename: Jaime A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cavallo
authors.forename: Andres A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Roma
authors.forename: Mateusz S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Jasielec
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ousley
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Creamer
authors.forename: Matthew D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Pichert
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Baalman
authors.forename: Margaret M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Frisella
authors.forename: Brent D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Matthews
authors.forename: Corey R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Deeken
mesh_terms: D034861:Abdominal Wall / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery*; D062088:Acellular Dermis; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001706:Biopsy; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism*; D024061:Collagen Type III / Q000378:metabolism*; D003661:Decision Support Techniques; D005260:Female; D059685:Herniorrhaphy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D063868:Patient Outcome Assessment; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013526:Surgical Mesh; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D015415:Biomarkers; D024042:Collagen Type I; D024061:Collagen Type III