title: Micronutrient-gene interactions related to inflammatory/immune response and antioxidant activity in ageing and inflammation. A systematic review.
abstract: Recent longitudinal studies in dietary daily intake in human centenarians have shown that a satisfactory content of some micronutrients within the cells maintain several immune functions, a low grade of inflammation and preserve antioxidant activity. Micronutrients (zinc, copper, selenium) play a pivotal role in maintaining and reinforcing the performances of the immune and antioxidant systems as well as in affecting the complex network of the genes (nutrigenomic) with anti- and pro-inflammatory tasks. Genes of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and some key regulators of trace elements homeostasis, such as Metallothioneins (MT), are involved in the susceptibility to major geriatric disease/disorders. Moreover, the genetic inter-individual variability may affect the nutrients' absorption (nutrigenetic) with altered effects on inflammatory/immune response and antioxidant activity. The interaction between genetic factors and micronutrients (nutrigenomic and nutrigenetic approaches) may influence ageing and longevity because the micronutrients may become also toxic. This review reports the micronutrient-gene interactions in ageing and their impact on the healthy state with a focus on the method of protein-metal speciation analysis. The association between micronutrient-gene interactions and the protein-metal speciation analysis can give a complete picture for a personalized nutrient supplementation or chelation in order to reach healthy ageing and longevity.
authors.affiliation: Translation Center of Research in Nutrition and Ageing, Scientific and Technological Pole, Italian National Research Centres on Ageing (INRCA), Via Birarelli 8, 60121 Ancona, Italy. Electronic address: e.mocchegiani@inrca.it.
authors.forename: Eugenio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mocchegiani
authors.affiliation: Translation Center of Research in Nutrition and Ageing, Scientific and Technological Pole, Italian National Research Centres on Ageing (INRCA), Via Birarelli 8, 60121 Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Costarelli
authors.affiliation: Translation Center of Research in Nutrition and Ageing, Scientific and Technological Pole, Italian National Research Centres on Ageing (INRCA), Via Birarelli 8, 60121 Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Robertina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Giacconi
authors.affiliation: Translation Center of Research in Nutrition and Ageing, Scientific and Technological Pole, Italian National Research Centres on Ageing (INRCA), Via Birarelli 8, 60121 Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malavolta
authors.affiliation: Translation Center of Research in Nutrition and Ageing, Scientific and Technological Pole, Italian National Research Centres on Ageing (INRCA), Via Birarelli 8, 60121 Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Basso
authors.affiliation: Translation Center of Research in Nutrition and Ageing, Scientific and Technological Pole, Italian National Research Centres on Ageing (INRCA), Via Birarelli 8, 60121 Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Piacenza
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES) and Interdepartmental Centre "L. Galvani" (CIG), University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo, 12, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ostan
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES) and Interdepartmental Centre "L. Galvani" (CIG), University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo, 12, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cevenini
authors.affiliation: National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, 48 Vas. Constantinou Ave., Athens 11635, Greece.
authors.forename: Efstathios S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Gonos
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni, 50, 50134 Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Monti
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry*; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D003300:Copper / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry / Q000172:deficiency / Q000633:toxicity; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008136:Longevity / Q000502:physiology; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000737:chemistry*; D054647:Nutrigenomics; D012643:Selenium / Q000097:blood / Q000172:deficiency / Q000633:toxicity; D015032:Zinc / Q000097:blood / Q000172:deficiency / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002614:Chelating Agents; D018977:Micronutrients; D003300:Copper; D012643:Selenium; D015032:Zinc
keywords: Ageing; Antioxidant activity; Immune system; Longevity; Zinc/copper/selenium–gene interactions