title: Alcohol-induced oxidative stress in rat liver microsomes: Protective effect of Emblica officinalis.
abstract: The protective effect of Emblica officinalis fruit extract (EFE) against alcohol-induced oxidative damage in liver microsomes was investigated in rats. EFE (250mg/kg b.wt/day) and alcohol (5g/kg b.wt/day, 20%, w/v) were administered orally to animals for 60 days. Alcohol administration significantly increased lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyls with decreased sulfhydryl groups in microsomes, which were significantly restored to normal levels in EFE and alcohol co-administered rats. Alcohol administration also markedly decreased the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) in the liver microsomes, which were prevented with EFE administration. Further, alcohol administration significantly increased the activities of cytochrome P-450, Na(+)/K(+) and Mg(2+) ATPases and also membrane fluidity. But, administration of EFE along with alcohol restored the all above enzyme activities and membrane fluidity to normal level. Thus, EFE showed protective effects against alcohol-induced oxidative damage by possibly reducing the rate of lipid peroxidation and restoring the various membrane bound and antioxidant enzyme activities to normal levels, and also by protecting the membrane integrity in rat liver microsomes. In conclusion, the polyphenolic compounds including flavonoid and tannoid compounds present in EFE might be playing a major role against alcohol-induced oxidative stress in rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur 515 055, India.
authors.forename: Vaddi Damodara
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, University of Illinois, Chicago 60612, USA.
authors.forename: Pannuru
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Padmavathi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur 515 055, India.
authors.forename: Reddyvari
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hymavathi
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Paramahamsa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maturu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur 515 055, India. Electronic address: vdp_1975@yahoo.co.in.
authors.forename: N Ch
authors.initials: NCh
authors.lastname: Varadacharyulu
keywords: Alcohol; CYP-450; Emblica officinalis; Microsomes; Oxidative stress