title: Knockdown of CD44 enhances chemosensitivity of acute myeloid leukemia cells to ADM and Ara-C.
abstract: It is known that chemoresistance is a major cause of treatment failure in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Substantial data indicate that the CD44 adhesion molecule is strongly expressed on AML blasts and that it can also inhibit apoptosis. Our study shows that drug resistance of the AML cell line HL60/ADM is due to overexpression of CD44. In an in vitro study, we knocked down CD44 in the HL60/ADM cell line using small interfering RNA (siRNA). Cell proliferation and the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) were determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Cell apoptosis and intracellular ADM accumulation were detected by flow cytometry. Expression of CD44, Bcl-2, c-Myc were assayed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. The results indicate that the expression of CD44 in HL60/ADM cell line was much higher than in HL60 cell, and siRNA targeted CD44 (siRNA/CD44) could silence its expression in both mRNA and protein levels effectively. siRNA/CD44 substantially induces cell apoptosis, inhibits cell proliferation, enhances susceptibility to ADM and Ara-C, and at the same time increases intracellular ADM accumulation even reverses chemoresistance to ADM and Ara-C. Furthermore, by qRT-PCR and Western blot, we found that siRNA/CD44 decreases Bcl-2 and c-Myc synthesis. Our study provides a novel clue that CD44 plays a significant role in the chemoresistance of AML cells to Ara-C and ADM. Moreover, this provides a new direction to the approaches that combination therapy including targeting CD44 may overcome drug resistance and improve treatment effects.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Genetic Engineering of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China.
authors.forename: Ni-sha
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Wen-li
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Wen-ling
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors / Q000502:physiology*; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000032:analysis; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C497483:CD44 protein, human; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors; C489427:MYC protein, human; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D003561:Cytarabine; D004317:Doxorubicin