title: The contribution of diet and genotype to iron status in women: a classical twin study.
abstract: This is the first published report examining the combined effect of diet and genotype on body iron content using a classical twin study design. The aim of this study was to determine the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors in determining iron status. The population was comprised of 200 BMI- and age-matched pairs of MZ and DZ healthy twins, characterised for habitual diet and 15 iron-related candidate genetic markers. Variance components analysis demonstrated that the heritability of serum ferritin (SF) and soluble transferrin receptor was 44% and 54% respectively. Measured single nucleotide polymorphisms explained 5% and selected dietary factors 6% of the variance in iron status; there was a negative association between calcium intake and body iron (p = 0.02) and SF (p = 0.04).
authors.affiliation: Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Susan J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Fairweather-Tait
authors.affiliation: Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Geoffrey R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Guile
authors.affiliation: Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Ana M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Valdes
authors.affiliation: Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Anna A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Wawer
authors.affiliation: Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hurst
authors.affiliation: Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Skinner
authors.affiliation: Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Alexander J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Macgregor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003573:Cytochrome b Group / Q000235:genetics; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D005293:Ferritins / Q000097:blood; D005819:Genetic Markers; D005838:Genotype; D000071020:Hemochromatosis Protein; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011990:Receptors, Transferrin / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D012995:Solubility; D014168:Transferrin / Q000235:genetics; D014429:Twins, Dizygotic; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D003573:Cytochrome b Group; D005819:Genetic Markers; C103673:HFE protein, human; D000071020:Hemochromatosis Protein; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011990:Receptors, Transferrin; C503640:TFR2 protein, human; D014168:Transferrin; D005293:Ferritins; D007501:Iron; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C422926:CYBRD1 protein, human