title: The influence of the bolus-surface distance on the dose distribution in the build-up region.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the paper is to examine the relation between the increase of the photon dose in water in the region of electronic disequilibrium - so-called build-up region - and the distance of the bolus from the water surface for the applied parameters of X-ray beams.
  
  
  METHODS
  PDD measurements were carried out using the plane-parallel ionization chamber Markus in the automatic water phantom IBA BluePhantom with OmniPro-Accept V7 (IBA Dosimetry GmbH, Schwarzenbruck, Germany). All measurements were performed for different field sizes and for 6 MV and 15 MV X-ray beams, respectively. A water-equivalent RW3 slab (Goettingen White Water) produced by PTW was used as a bolus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Placing a bolus in an irradiated field changes the shape of the PDD curve in the build-up region in comparison with the one obtained for an open field. All results has been inserted in tables and figures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The closer the bolus is to the water surface, the smaller the depth of the maximum dose in the phantom for all investigated fields and energies. The changes in the build-up region are important, even if the bolus does not touch the surface of the water phantom. The influence of the bolus can be ignored when the bolus-surface distance equals 25 cm for 6MV X-ray beams and 39 cm for 15 MV X-ray beams.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiotherapy, Stanisław Leszczyński Memorial Hospital, Katowice, Poland.
authors.forename: Martyna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sroka
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiotherapy, Stanisław Leszczyński Memorial Hospital, Katowice, Poland.
authors.forename: Jakub
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Reguła
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiotherapy, Stanisław Leszczyński Memorial Hospital, Katowice, Poland.
authors.forename: Włodzimierz
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lobodziec
keywords: Bolus; Build-up region; Depth of the dose maximum; PDD