title: Qualitative tissue differentiation by analysing the intensity ratios of atomic emission lines using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS): prospects for a feedback mechanism for surgical laser systems.
abstract: The research work presented in this paper focuses on qualitative tissue differentiation by monitoring the intensity ratios of atomic emissions using 'Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy' (LIBS) on the plasma plume created during laser tissue ablation. The background of this study is to establish a real time feedback control mechanism for clinical laser surgery systems during the laser ablation process. Ex-vivo domestic pig tissue samples (muscle, fat, nerve and skin) were used in this experiment. Atomic emission intensity ratios were analyzed to find a characteristic spectral line for each tissue. The results showed characteristic elemental emission intensity ratios for the respective tissues. The spectral lines and intensity ratios of these specific elements varied among the different tissue types. The main goal of this study is to qualitatively and precisely identify different tissue types for tissue specific laser surgery.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Photonics Lab, Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Straße 6, 91052, Erlangen, Germany; Institute of Photonics Technologies, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Konrad-Zuse-Straße 3/5, 91052 Erlangen, Germany. Rajesh.Kanawade@lpt.uni-erlangen.de.
authors.forename: Rajesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kanawade
authors.forename: Fanuel
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mahari
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Klämpfl
authors.forename: Maximilian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rohde
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Knipfer
authors.forename: Katja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tangermann-Gerk
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Adler
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Stelzle
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005246:Feedback; D053685:Laser Therapy; D009928:Organ Specificity; D013057:Spectrum Analysis; D013552:Swine
keywords: Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy; chemical composition; chemical elements; intensity ratio; plasma; tissue type