title: Tissue injury and related mediators of pain exacerbation.
abstract: Tissue injury and inflammation result in release of various mediators that promote ongoing pain or pain hypersensitivity against mechanical, thermal and chemical stimuli. Pro-nociceptive mediators activate primary afferent neurons directly or indirectly to enhance nociceptive signal transmission to the central nervous system. Excitation of primary afferents by peripherally originating mediators, so-called "peripheral sensitization", is a hallmark of tissue injury-related pain. Many kinds of pro-nociceptive mediators, including ATP, glutamate, kinins, cytokines and tropic factors, synthesized at the damaged tissue, contribute to the development of peripheral sensitization. In the present review we will discuss the molecular mechanisms of peripheral sensitization following tissue injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajiicho 465, Kamigyo-Ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
authors.forename: Fumimasa
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Amaya
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajiicho 465, Kamigyo-Ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuta
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Izumi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajiicho 465, Kamigyo-Ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajiicho 465, Kamigyo-Ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sasaki
keywords: Peripheral sensitization; postoperative pain; primary afferent neuron.