title: [Changes of the spectrum on thyroid disease after the ten-year implementation of universal salt iodization in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To reveal the relationship between iodine nutrition and the change of spectrum on thyroid diseases through comparing the different iodine environments pre- and post- the universal salt iodization(USI)campaign.
  
  
  METHODS
  To compare the urinary iodine concentration between 1000 normal people and 5998 patients with thyroid disease who had undergone surgical operations, from 4 major cities, including iodine deficient and rich areas of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After USI was put into practice, the urinary iodine concentration of patients with thyroid appeared higher than those of normal people(324.3 µg/L vs. 238.5 µg/L, P < 0.05). The urinary iodine concentrations of nodular goiter,Graves disease, toxic nodular goiter, thyroid papillary carcinoma and Hashimoto's thyroiditis were higher than those before the USI was taken(263.8 µg/L vs. 69.75 µg/L, 289.7 µg/L vs. 228.3 µg/L, 346.8 µg/L vs. 268.4 µg/L, 350.3 µg/L vs. 316.2 µg/L and 378.5 µg/L vs. 305.8 µg/L). The proportions of toxic nodular goiter, thyroid papillary carcinoma and Hashimoto's thyroiditis appeared as 7.59% vs. 4.80%, 5.85% vs. 4.02% and 3.88% vs. 2.46%, all higher than those before the implementation of USI, except the nodular goiter which showed a reduction (63.56% vs. 69.75%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The spectrum of thyroid diseases appeared an obvious change in Guangxi within the last 10-year implementation of USI. However, the excessive intake of iodine might serve as a risk factor for toxic nodular goiter, thyroid papillary carcinoma and Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Department of Pathology, No. 303 Hospital of PLA,Nanning 530021, China. Email: huangyonghong331@163.com.
authors.forename: Jia-yue
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Department of Pathology, No. 303 Hospital of PLA,Nanning 530021, China.
authors.forename: Song-ming
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Department of Pathology, No. 303 Hospital of PLA,Nanning 530021, China.
authors.forename: Jin-li
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Leng
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, No. 181 Hospital of PLA.
authors.forename: You-jiang
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Hospital of Guangxi Youjiang Medical College.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pu
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Beihai City of Guangxi.
authors.forename: Jin-ming
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Department of Pathology, No. 303 Hospital of PLA,Nanning 530021, China.
authors.forename: Fei-xiong
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Department of Pathology, No. 303 Hospital of PLA, Nanning 530021, China.
authors.forename: Yong-hong
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, No. 303 Hospital of PLA.
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nong
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Department of Pathology, No. 303 Hospital of PLA, Nanning 530021, China.
authors.forename: Yan-zeng
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Cen
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Department of Pathology, No. 303 Hospital of PLA, Nanning 530021, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Department of Pathology, No. 303 Hospital of PLA, Nanning 530021, China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Department of Pathology, No. 303 Hospital of PLA, Nanning 530021, China.
authors.forename: Li-ning
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Department of Pathology, No. 303 Hospital of PLA, Nanning 530021, China.
authors.forename: Hong-yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D006043:Goiter, Endemic / Q000453:epidemiology; D050031:Hashimoto Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007454:Iodides / Q000652:urine; D007455:Iodine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D007454:Iodides; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary; C034024:iodized salt; D007455:Iodine