title: Prognostic value of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein in the blood of patients with glioma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine any correlation between inflammation parameters in blood glioma patients, with some of the established glioma biomarkers and to evaluate the possible prognostic impact of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) for patient survival.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective study evaluated ESR values in 94 patients and measured CRP values prior to the excision of primary glioma in 165 patients. Overall survival probabilities were determined separately for all patients with glioma in low-grade glioma (LGG), high-grade (HGG) and in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) using the Kaplan-Meier log-rank test. The correlation between blood ESR and CRP values and between immunohistochemical (IHC) assessment of cluster of differentiation-68 (CD68), cathepsin B and nestin were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An ESR above 15 mm/h was significant for poor survival prognosis for patients overall (p<0.001) and in the HGG (p<0.01) and GBM (p<0.04) subgroups. A serum CRP level above 5 mg/l was also identified as prognostic in patients overall (p<0.01), and in the HGG (p=0.02) and GBM (p=0.04) subgroups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Correlations of ESR and serum levels of CRP have been revealed with prognostic tissue biomarkers i.e. cathepsin B, nestin, CD68. Moreover, preoperative measurement of both parameters could be used for survival prognosis in patients with glioma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Maribor Clinical Centre, Ljubljanska 5, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia. tadejstrojnik@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Tadej
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Strojnik
authors.forename: Tomaz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Smigoc
authors.forename: Tamara T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Lah
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000097:blood; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000097:blood; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D001799:Blood Sedimentation; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D002401:Cathepsin B / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005910:Glioma / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D064231:Nestin / Q000097:blood; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D055815:Young Adult; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D002401:Cathepsin B; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D064231:Nestin; C067980:CD68 antigen, human; D000097382:CD68 Molecule; C577484:NES protein, human
keywords: C-reactive protein; Cathepsin B; erythrocyte sedimentation rate; glioblastoma; nestin; prognosis; serum biomarkers