title: Mitochondrial alterations during Al-induced PCD in peanut root tips.
abstract: Previous study found there was a negative relationship between Al-induced PCD and Al-resistance in peanut. The present research was undertaken to verify whether mitochondria play a significant role in PCD induced by Al in peanut. The roots of Al-tolerant plants were found to exhibit more intensive root growth, while accumulating less Al³⁺ than Al-sensitive plants under Al treatment. The different enhancement of ROS production was observed in the mitochondria isolated from two peanut cultivars. The concentration of mitochondrial MDA in root tips increased after Al treatment, which was higher in Zhonghua 2 than in 99-1507. With the increase of Al concentration, mitochondrial Ca²⁺ concentration decreased, and Ca²⁺ concentration of Zhonghua 2 decreased faster than that of 99-1507. The opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore was more extensively in mitochondria isolated from Zhonghua 2 than from 99-1507. The collapse of inner mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) was also observed with a release of Cytochrome c (Cyt c) from mitochondria, it was more obvious in Zhonghua 2 than in 99-1507 with Al concentration increasing. The results showed that mitochondrial membrane structure and function were damaged seriously in Al-induced PCD, the increase of mitochondrial antioxidant system activity decreased cellular damages under Al stress. To sum up, compared with Al-sensitive peanut cultivar, Al-tolerant peanut cultivar has less Al³⁺ absorption, mitochondrial ROS and membrane lipid peroxidation level, higher control of MPT opening, ΔΨm maintaining, Cty c release from mitochondria and mitochondrial respiratory functions so that it is not easy to produce PCD under Al stress.
authors.affiliation: College of Agronomy, Guangxi University, Daxue Road 100, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhan
authors.affiliation: College of Agronomy, Guangxi University, Daxue Road 100, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Agronomy, Guangxi University, Daxue Road 100, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China; Cash Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hu-Yi
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: College of Agronomy, Guangxi University, Daxue Road 100, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chuang-Zhen
authors.initials: CZ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Agronomy, Guangxi University, Daxue Road 100, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: lfhe@gxu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Long-Fei
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000535:Aluminum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010367:Arachis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D019069:Cell Respiration / Q000187:drug effects; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D018519:Meristem / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D033681:Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051336:Mitochondrial Membranes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D000083162:Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D033681:Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins; D000083162:Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D045304:Cytochromes c; D000535:Aluminum; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Al-induced PCD; Mitochondria; Peanut; Root tips