title: Effects of Caryota mitis profilin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles in a murine model of allergic asthma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pollen allergy is the most common allergic disease. However, tropical pollens, such as those of Palmae, have seldom been investigated compared with the specific immunotherapy studies done on hyperallergenic birch, olive, and ragweed pollens. Although poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) has been extensively applied as a biodegradable polymer in medical devices, it has rarely been utilized as a vaccine adjuvant to prevent and treat allergic disease. In this study, we investigated the immunotherapeutic effects of recombinant Caryota mitis profilin (rCmP)-loaded PLGA nanoparticles and the underlying mechanisms involved.
  
  
  METHODS
  A mouse model of allergenic asthma was established for specific immunotherapy using rCmP-loaded PLGA nanoparticles as the adjuvant. The model was evaluated by determining airway hyperresponsiveness and levels of serum-specific antibodies (IgE, IgG, and IgG2a) and cytokines, and observing histologic sections of lung tissue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The rCmP-loaded PLGA nanoparticles effectively inhibited generation of specific IgE and secretion of the Th2 cytokine interleukin-4, facilitated generation of specific IgG2a and secretion of the Th1 cytokine interferon-gamma, converted the Th2 response to Th1, and evidently alleviated allergic symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PLGA functions more appropriately as a specific immunotherapy adjuvant for allergen vaccines than does conventional Al(OH)3 due to its superior efficacy, longer potency, and markedly fewer side effects. The rCmP-loaded PLGA nanoparticles developed herein offer a promising avenue for specific immunotherapy in allergic asthma.
authors.affiliation: Institute of allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaojun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Division of life and Health Sciences, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaowei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xinxin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Institute of allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Haiqiong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Division of life and Health Sciences, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mei
authors.affiliation: Institute of allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhigang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D028023:Arecaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000166:cytology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D011058:Pollen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D051304:Profilins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D012130:Respiratory Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D016207:Cytokines; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D010940:Plant Proteins; D051304:Profilins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D007073:Immunoglobulin E
keywords: Caryota mitis profilin; PLGA; adjuvant; allergic asthma; nanoparticles