title: Bariatric surgery relieves type 2 diabetes and modulates inflammatory factors and coronary endothelium eNOS/iNOS expression in db/db mice.
abstract: Overexpression of endothelial nitric oxide synthetase (eNOS)/inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and inhibition of inflammatory factors can improve vascular function. We hypothesized that bariatric (gastric bypass) surgery could inhibit inflammatory factors and improve the eNOS/iNOS expression of coronary arterioles in the db/db mice. The animals were randomly allocated to the following groups: sham-operated lean mice, lean mice that underwent surgery, sham-operated db/db mice, and db/db mice that underwent surgery (5, 10, 20, and 30 days post-operation). The plasma levels of adiponectin, ghrelin, and IL-6, as well as the protein expression of eNOS/iNOS in coronary arterioles were measured with Western blot. Bariatric surgery decreased body mass and blood glucose levels in db/db mice. Ghrelin receptor and GHS-R1a expression in the hypothalamus were increased in db/db mice, but surgery attenuated GHS-R1a expression. Bariatric surgery elevated plasma concentration and protein expression of adiponectin and ghrelin, and attenuated plasma concentration and protein expression of IL-6. Coronary protein expression of eNOS and SOD2 was lower in the sham-operated db/db mice, and bariatric surgery increased eNOS and SOD2 expression. Gastric bypass surgery upregulates ghrelin and adiponectin expression, and decreases IL-6 expression, which might induce up-regulation of eNOS and SOD2, and down-regulation of iNOS. These interactions could counteract the endothelium dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110004, China.
authors.forename: Bingyang
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Lirun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kuang
authors.forename: Jingang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001160:Arterioles / Q000378:metabolism; D050110:Bariatric Surgery; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism*; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000378:metabolism; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D054411:Receptors, Leptin / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D054439:Ghrelin; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D054411:Receptors, Leptin; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496315:Nos3 protein, mouse