title: Incidence of deepening of the upper eyelid sulcus on treatment with a tafluprost ophthalmic solution.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Deepening of the upper eyelid sulcus (DUES), one symptom of prostaglandin-associated periorbitopathy, was recently found to be an additional side effect of prostaglandin-related ophthalmic solutions. Here, we prospectively investigated the incidence and factors associated with DUES in Japanese open-angle glaucoma patients initially treated with benzalkonium chloride (BAK)-preserved tafluprost (TAF).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this open-label prospective study instilling TAF in one eye, mean deviation (MD) and intraocular pressure (IOP) were measured, and facial photographs and subjective reports of DUES were obtained at intervals over 6 months. Three ophthalmologists independently assessed the photographs of DUES and reached consensus. Relationships between demographic and ocular/systemic factors (age, sex, MD, refraction and IOP reduction) and DUES occurrence were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-three eyes of 43 glaucoma patients (24 men and 19 women) were evaluated. Mean IOP before treatment was 16.6 ± 2.7 and after treatment, 14.1 ± 2.3 mmHg (P < 0.001). The objective rate of DUES was 9 % (4/43) at 2 months, 14 % (6/43) at 4 months and 14 % (6/43) at 6 months. During this period, only one patient self-reported an occurrence of DUES. No significant association was found between DUES occurrence and any of the demographic, ocular, or systemic factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Physicians should inform patients about DUES as a minor side effect when prescribing TAF for IOP control.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, University of Tokyo, 35-2, Sakaecho, Itabashi, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan, reisakata-tky@umin.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Rei
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sakata
authors.forename: Shiroaki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shirato
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyata
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aihara
mesh_terms: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005141:Eyelid Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D005260:Female; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D057066:Low Tension Glaucoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D009916:Orbital Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011460:Prostaglandins F / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical; D011460:Prostaglandins F; C485333:tafluprost