title: Emerging evidence for CHFR as a cancer biomarker: from tumor biology to precision medicine.
abstract: Novel insights in the biology of cancer have switched the paradigm of a "one-size-fits-all" cancer treatment to an individualized biology-driven treatment approach. In recent years, a diversity of biomarkers and targeted therapies has been discovered. Although these examples accentuate the promise of personalized cancer treatment, for most cancers and cancer subgroups no biomarkers and effective targeted therapy are available. The great majority of patients still receive unselected standard therapies with no use of their individual molecular characteristics. Better knowledge about the underlying tumor biology will lead the way toward personalized cancer treatment. In this review, we summarize the evidence for a promising cancer biomarker: checkpoint with forkhead and ring finger domains (CHFR). CHFR is a mitotic checkpoint and tumor suppressor gene, which is inactivated in a diverse group of solid malignancies, mostly by promoter CpG island methylation. CHFR inactivation has shown to be an indicator of poor prognosis and sensitivity to taxane-based chemotherapy. Here we summarize the current knowledge of altered CHFR expression in cancer, the impact on tumor biology and implications for personalized cancer treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Derks
authors.forename: Arjen H G
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Cleven
authors.forename: Veerle
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Melotte
authors.forename: Kim M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Smits
authors.forename: Johann C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Brandes
authors.forename: Nilofer
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Azad
authors.forename: Wim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: van Criekinge
authors.forename: Adriaan P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: de Bruïne
authors.forename: James G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Herman
authors.forename: Manon
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Engeland
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018899:CpG Islands / Q000235:genetics; D019175:DNA Methylation; D006801:Humans; D008957:Models, Genetic; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D000075223:Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Proteins; D011379:Prognosis; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D000075223:Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Proteins; C412002:CHFR protein, human; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases