title: Community-acquired pneumonia among smokers.
abstract: Recent studies have left absolutely no doubt that tobacco increases susceptibility to bacterial lung infection, even in passive smokers. This relationship also shows a dose-response effect, since the risk reduces spectacularly 10 years after giving up smoking, returning to the level of non-smokers. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the causative microorganism responsible for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) most frequently associated with smoking, particularly in invasive pneumococcal disease and septic shock. It is not clear how it acts on the progress of pneumonia, but there is evidence to suggest that the prognosis for pneumococcal pneumonia is worse. In CAP caused by Legionella pneumophila, it has also been observed that smoking is the most important risk factor, with the risk rising 121% for each pack of cigarettes smoked a day. Tobacco use may also favor diseases that are also known risk factors for CAP, such as periodontal disease and upper respiratory viral infections. By way of prevention, while giving up smoking should always be proposed, the use of the pneumococcal vaccine is also recommended, regardless of the presence of other comorbidities.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cuidados Intensivos, Hospital de Mataró, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, CIBERES, Barcelona, España. Electronic address: jalmirall@csdm.cat.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Almirall
authors.affiliation: Cuidados Intensivos Respiratorios, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Valencia, España.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blanquer
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, CIBERES, Zaragoza, España.
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bello
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007877:Legionnaires' Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology; D011018:Pneumonia, Pneumococcal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution
keywords: Community-acquired pneumonia; Factores de riesgo; Neumonía adquirida en la comunidad; Prevención; Prevention; Risk factors; Smoking; Tabaquismo