title: Non-invasive quantification of 5 fluorouracil and gemcitabine in aqueous matrix by direct measurement through glass vials using near-infrared spectroscopy.
abstract: Fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used for quantitative analysis of two cytotoxic drugs used in pharmaceutical infusion, 5-fluorouracil (5FU) and gemcitabine (GEM), at therapeutic concentrations in aqueous matrix. Spectra were collected from 4000 cm(-1) to 13,000 cm(-1) by direct measurement through standard glass vials and calibration models were developed for 5FU and GEM using partial least-squares regression. NIR determination coefficient (R(2)) greater than 0.9992, root-mean-square-error of cross-validation (RMESCV) of 0.483 mg/ml for 5FU and 0.139 mg/ml for GEM and the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.519 for 5FU and 0.108 mg/ml for GEM show a good prediction ability of NIR spectroscopy to predict 5FU and GEM concentrations directly through a glass packaging. According to accuracy profile, the linearity was validated from 7 to 50mg/ml and 2 to 40 mg/ml for 5-fluorouracil and gemcitabine respectively. This new approach for cytotoxic drugs control at hospital has shown the feasibility of near infrared spectroscopy to quantify antineoplastic drugs in aqueous matrix by a direct measurement through glass vial in less than 1 min and by non-invasive measurement perfect to limit exposure of operator to cytotoxic drugs.
authors.affiliation: European Georges Pompidou Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, Department of Pharmacy, Paris, France; Paris Sud University, Groupe de Chimie Analytique Paris Sud EA 4041, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
authors.forename: Laetitia Minh Mai
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Lê
authors.affiliation: European Georges Pompidou Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, Department of Pharmacy, Paris, France; Paris Sud University, Groupe de Chimie Analytique Paris Sud EA 4041, Châtenay-Malabry, France. Electronic address: eric.caudron@u-psud.fr.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Caudron
authors.affiliation: Paris Sud University, Groupe de Chimie Analytique Paris Sud EA 4041, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
authors.forename: Arlette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baillet-Guffroy
authors.affiliation: AgroParisTech, UMR 1145 GENIAL, F-91300 Massy, France; INRA, UMR 1145 GENIAL, F-91300 Massy, France.
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Eveleigh
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000032:analysis*; D002138:Calibration; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D017022:Flow Injection Analysis; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000032:analysis*; D005898:Glass; D057230:Limit of Detection; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D014867:Water; D000093542:Gemcitabine
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014867:Water; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D005472:Fluorouracil; D000093542:Gemcitabine
keywords: Antineoplastic drugs; Aqueous matrix; NIR spectroscopy; Non-invasive; Pharmaceutical infusion; Quantitative analysis