title: [Triple-negative breast cancer: molecular characteristics and potential therapeutic approaches].
abstract: The term triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) defines breast tumors that do not express estrogen receptors, progesterone receptor or epidermal growth factor receptor HER2 on immunohistochemical analysis. TNBC accounts for 12-17% of all types of breast cancer. Molecular profiling indicated that triple-negative breast cancer represents a heterogeneous subgroup of breast cancer. Triple-negative breast cancer shares histological and genetic abnormalities with basal-like subtype of breast cancer; however, this overlap is incomplete. Breast cancer found in BRCA1 mutation carriers is also frequently TNBC. Triple-negative breast cancer does not benefit from hormonal therapies or treatments targeted against HER2. The results of ongoing studies as well as the results of clinical trials suggest that poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors, EGFR, Hedgehog, Notch, Wnt/β-catenin, VEGF signaling inhibitors, and mTOR, Src, and Bcr/Abl kinase inhibitors used alone or in combination with other anticancer drugs might be effective in triple-negative breast cancer treatment. In this review, current knowledge on molecular characteristics of triple-negative breast cancer and its subtypes' treatment options is presented.
authors.affiliation: Katedra Cytobiochemii, Wydział Biologii i Ochrony Środowiska, Uniwersytet Łódzki.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nowacka-Zawisza
authors.affiliation: Katedra Cytobiochemii, Wydział Biologii i Ochrony Środowiska, Uniwersytet Łódzki.
authors.forename: Wanda Małgorzata
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Krajewska
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D051880:Receptors, Notch / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D064726:Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000235:genetics; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D051880:Receptors, Notch; D051176:beta Catenin; C111164:BRAP protein, human; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor