title: [Autologous cytokine-induced killer cells therapy on the quality of life of patients with breast cancer after adjuvant chemotherapy: a prospective study].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the effect of autologous cytokine-induced killer cells on the quality of life in patient with breast cancer who have already finished the adjuvant chemotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and twenty-eight postoperative patients with breast cancer who underwent anthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy were enrolled in this prospective study, and they were randomized into 2 groups, i.e., treatment group, which received the therapy of CIK cells transfusion, and control group, which was given regular follow-up. Meanwhile, patients with positive hormone receptor in the two groups were given endocrine therapy, and the patients with positive axillary lymph nodes were given radiotherapy to the chest wall and regional lymph nodes. The difference of quality of life between the two groups was analyzed according to the EORTC QLQ-BR53 quality of life questionnaire, and the adverse reactions were monitored.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As regarding the functional evaluation, the physical function scores of patients of the treatment group were (83.43 ± 14.87) and (88.55 ± 11.62) at 3 and 6 months after the CIK cell therapy, respectively, significantly higher than the baseline value [(74.83 ± 13.82), P < 0.05)]. Global health status/QOL scores were (83.30 ± 19.09) and (89.68 ± 10.81), significantly higher than the baseline value [(77.72 ± 21.05), P < 0.05]. As regarding symptoms, the scores of fatigue, nausea, vomiting and loss of appetite of patients in the treatment group were higher than the baseline value, with significant differences (P < 0.05). The nausea and vomiting scores in the control group at 3 and 6 months of followed-up were (26.67 ± 22.56) and (21.47 ± 21.06), significantly lower than the baseline values [(33.31 ± 27.07), P < 0.05]. The scores of worrying about the future in the patients of treatment group were (47.56 ± 30.84) and (42.33 ± 26.95) after 3 and 6 months, significantly better than the baseline value [(57.41 ± 30.63), P < 0.05]. The systematic therapy side effects scores were (31.95 ± 27.52) and (23.72 ± 22.87), significantly better than the baseline value [(40.56 ± 26.28), P < 0.05]. The scores of arm edema were (45.26 ± 25.42) and (36.61 ± 20.51), significantly milder than the baseline value [(55.11 ± 22.82), P < 0.05]. In the control group, the scores of arm edema were (44.85 ± 28.94) and (38.64 ± 23.68), significantly lower than the baseline values [(53.26 ± 23.84) points, P < 0.05]. Alopecia scores were (29.93 ± 24.72) and (24.18 ± 22.66), significantly lower than the baseline values [(35.92 ± 22.08), P < 0.05]. In the treatment group, the patients' physical function, social function and global health status/QOL, fatigue, insomnia, and worrying about the future rates were significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05 for all). Three patients after CIK reinfusion had transient fever, and 6 cases felt pain in the lower limb, but the symptoms were relieved after symptomatic treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Therapy of autologous CIK cells transfusion can significantly improve the quality of life of breast cancer patients, and the adverse reactions during the treatment can be alleviated by symptomatic treatment.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Center of PLA, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang 110840, China.
authors.forename: Xue-feng
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Dong-chu
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Zhen-yu
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Zhao-zhe
authors.initials: ZZ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hui-ying
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Ya-ling
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Email: xiexiaodong@csco.org.cn.
authors.forename: Xiao-dong
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018943:Anthracyclines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D055612:Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000637:transplantation*; D005221:Fatigue / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive / Q000009:adverse effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D009325:Nausea / Q000209:etiology; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014839:Vomiting / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D018943:Anthracyclines; D017239:Paclitaxel