title: Targeting GPR119 for the potential treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: G protein-coupled receptor 119 (GPR119) was initially identified as an orphan receptor through mining the human genome database. In 2005, GPR119 was deorphanized and shown to be a receptor for fatty acid metabolites, including some phospholipids and fatty acid amide derivatives. GPR119 regulates various physiological processes that improve glucose homeostasis, including glucose-dependent insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells, gastrointestinal incretin hormone secretion, appetite control, epithelial electrolyte homeostasis, gastric emptying, and β-cell proliferation and cytoprotection. Therefore, GPR119, the sensing receptor for fatty acid metabolites, represents a novel drug target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA.
authors.forename: Xiu-Lei
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA.
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA.
authors.forename: Ya-Xiong
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Tao
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
keywords: G protein-coupled receptor 119; Obesity; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; incretin secretion; insulin secretion; pharmacology