title: Neurogenesis in neurological and psychiatric diseases and brain injury: from bench to bedside.
abstract: Researchers who have uncovered the presence of stem cells in an adult's central nervous system have not only challenged the dogma that new neurons cannot be generated during adulthood, but also shed light on the etiology and disease mechanisms underlying many neurological and psychiatric disorders. Brain trauma, neurodegenerative diseases, and psychiatric disorders pose enormous burdens at both personal and societal levels. Although medications for these disorders are widely used, the treatment mechanisms underlying the illnesses remain largely elusive. In the past decade, an increasing amount of evidence indicate that adult neurogenesis (i.e. generating new CNS neurons during adulthood) may be involved in the pathology of different CNS disorders, and thus neurogenesis may be a potential target area for treatments. Although new neurons were shown to be a major player in mediating treatment efficacy of neurological and psychotropic drugs on cognitive functions, it is still debatable if the altered production of new neurons can cause the disorders. This review hence seeks to discuss pre and current clinical studies that demonstrate the functional impact adult neurogenesis have on neurological and psychiatric illnesses while examining the related underlying disease mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA. Electronic address: ruanlh522@163.com.
authors.forename: Linhui
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, PR China.
authors.forename: Benson Wui-Man
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA.
authors.forename: Jixian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA.
authors.forename: Lijie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
authors.forename: Qichuan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhuge
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA. Electronic address: kunlin.jin@unthsc.edu.
authors.forename: Kunlin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, PR China; The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, PR China; Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, PR China; GMH Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China. Electronic address: hrmaskf@hku.hk.
authors.forename: Kwok-Fai
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: So
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical
keywords: Neurodegenerative diseases; Neurogenesis; Psychiatric disorders; Regulation; Stroke