title: Serum docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acid and risk of cognitive decline over 10 years among elderly Japanese.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To clarify the association of serum docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) levels with cognitive decline over 10 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was part of the National Institute for Longevity Sciences - Longitudinal Study of Aging, and was conducted with 232 male and 198 female Japanese community-dwelling subjects aged 60-79 years in the second wave (2000-2002). Cognitive function was assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in both the second and seventh (2010-2012) waves. Fasting venous blood samples were collected in the morning, and serum DHA and EPA levels were measured. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed among participants with an MMSE score ≥ 24 in the second wave (n=430) to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for MMSE score ≤ 23 or MMSE score decline ≥ 4 10 years later. These estimates were based on baseline tertiles of serum DHA or EPA levels, and controlled for age, sex, education, MMSE score at baseline, alcohol consumption, current smoking, body mass index and disease history.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifteen (3.5%) subjects whose MMSE score was ≤ 23 and 36 (8.3%) subjects whose MMSE score declined to ≥ 4 showed cognitive decline. Multivariate-adjusted OR (95% CI) for the lowest through highest tertiles of serum DHA to MMSE score ≤ 23 or decline ≥ 4 were 1.00 (reference), 0.11 (0.02-0.58) and 0.17 (0.04-0.74), or 1.00 (reference), 0.22 (0.08-0.61) and 0.31 (0.12-0.75), respectively (P for trend=0.01 or 0.04). Serum EPA was not associated with cognitive decline.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study gives some indication that a moderately high level of serum DHA might prevent cognitive decline among community-dwelling elderly Japanese individuals.
authors.affiliation: Section of Longitudinal Study of Aging, National Institute for Longevity Sciences (NILS-LSA), National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Otsuka
authors.affiliation: Section of Longitudinal Study of Aging, National Institute for Longevity Sciences (NILS-LSA), National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tange
authors.affiliation: Section of Longitudinal Study of Aging, National Institute for Longevity Sciences (NILS-LSA), National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishita
authors.affiliation: Section of Longitudinal Study of Aging, National Institute for Longevity Sciences (NILS-LSA), National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.affiliation: 1] Section of Longitudinal Study of Aging, National Institute for Longevity Sciences (NILS-LSA), National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan [2] Faculty of Human Life and Science, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.affiliation: 1] Section of Longitudinal Study of Aging, National Institute for Longevity Sciences (NILS-LSA), National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan [2] Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Aichi Shukutoku University, Aichi, Japan.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.affiliation: 1] Section of Longitudinal Study of Aging, National Institute for Longevity Sciences (NILS-LSA), National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan [2] Graduate School of Nutritional Sciences, Nagoya University of Art and Science, Aichi, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimokata
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging; D044466:Asian People; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D015596:Nutrition Assessment
chemical_list: D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid