title: Aetiologies and contributing factors of vulvovaginal candidiasis in Abidjan (Cote d'Ivoire).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In order to update the data and contribute to optimizing the management of vulvovaginal candidiasis, we conducted this study to determine their etiology (and hence the sensitivity of the isolated fungal organisms) and the factors contributing to their occurrence in Abidjan (Cote d'Ivoire).
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional survey involving 400 women with clinically vulvovaginitis was conducted from May to July 2011. It was carried out at the health centre for venereal diseases located at the National Institute of Public Hygiene in Abidjan. After a swab collecting, direct examination and culture on Sabouraud Chloramphenicol and Sabouraud Chloramphenicol Actidione media were implemented to research yeasts. After identifying yeast species through blastesis tests and auxanogram, its in vitro susceptibility to amphotericin B, 5-fluorocytosine, clotrimazole, miconazole, econazole and ketoconazole was assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As a whole, 172 patients suffered from vulvovaginal candidiasis i.e. an overall prevalence of 43%. Candida albicans was most frequently isolated (82.5%) followed by C. glabrata (10.5%). C. albicans and C. tropicalis were resistant to the 5-fluorocytosine (respectively 24.65 and 33.33%). Other molecules have shown excellent activity on all yeasts isolated. Type of housing, type of underwear and patients personal history were statistically associated with the presence of vulvovaginal candidiasis (respectively P=0.003; 0.010; 0.022).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vulvovaginal candidiasis is relatively frequent in Abidjan and antifungal compounds are in general still effective for treatment. Being knowledgeable of risk factors for this vulvovaginitis will ensure better prevention of their occurrence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Mycology and Zoology, Felix Houphouët-Boigny University, BPV 34, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire; Parasitology and Mycology Laboratory, University Hospital of Yopougon, 21 BP 632, Abidjan 21, Cote d'Ivoire. Electronic address: abykonate@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Konaté
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Mycology and Zoology, Felix Houphouët-Boigny University, BPV 34, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yavo
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Mycology and Zoology, Felix Houphouët-Boigny University, BPV 34, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire; Parasitology and Mycology Laboratory of Centre of diagnosis and research on AIDS and opportunistic diseases, 01 BPV 13, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.
authors.forename: F K
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Kassi
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Mycology and Zoology, Felix Houphouët-Boigny University, BPV 34, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Djohan
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Mycology and Zoology, Felix Houphouët-Boigny University, BPV 34, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.
authors.forename: E K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Angora
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Mycology and Zoology, Felix Houphouët-Boigny University, BPV 34, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Barro-Kiki
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Mycology and Zoology, Felix Houphouët-Boigny University, BPV 34, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bosson-Vanga
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Mycology and Zoology, Felix Houphouët-Boigny University, BPV 34, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Soro
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Mycology and Zoology, Felix Houphouët-Boigny University, BPV 34, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire; Parasitology and Mycology Laboratory of Centre of diagnosis and research on AIDS and opportunistic diseases, 01 BPV 13, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.
authors.forename: E I H
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Menan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002175:Candida / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002181:Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D007560:Cote d'Ivoire / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents
keywords: Aetiologies; Candidoses vulvovaginales; Contributing factors; Cote d’Ivoire; Côte d’Ivoire; Facteurs favorisants; In vitro susceptibility; Sensibilité in vitro; Vulvovaginal candidiasis; Étiologies