title: Co-activation of nAChR and mGluR induces γ oscillation in rat medial septum diagonal band of Broca slices.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether co-activation of nAChR and mGluR1 induced γ oscillation (20-60 Hz) in rat medial septum diagonal band of Broca (MSDB) slices.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rat brain sagittal slices containing the MSDB were prepared. Extracellular field potentials were recorded with glass microelectrodes. The nAChR and mGluR1 agonists were applied to the slices to induce network activity. Data analysis was performed off-line using software Spike 2.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Co-application of the nAChR agonist nicotine (1 μmol/L) and the mGluR1 agonist dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG, 25 μmol/L) was able to induce γ oscillation in MSDB slices. The intensity of nAChR and mGluR1 activation was critical for induction of network oscillation at a low (θ oscillation) or high frequency (γ oscillation): co-application of low concentrations of the two agonists only increased the power and frequency of oscillation within the range of θ, whereas γ oscillation mostly appeared when high concentrations of the two agonists were applied.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Activation of mGluR1 and nAChR is able to program slow or fast network oscillation by altering the intensity of receptor activation, which may provide a mechanism for modulation of learning and memory.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Henan province Key Laboratory of Brain Research, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China.
authors.forename: Ya-li
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of pathophysiology, Henan Province Key Laboratory of Brain Research, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China.
authors.forename: Jian-gang
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
authors.forename: Gao-xiang
authors.initials: GX
authors.lastname: Ou-Yang
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-li
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Insitute of Membrane and System biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: Zaineb
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Henan province Key Laboratory of Brain Research, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China.
authors.forename: Cheng-biao
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020667:Diagonal Band of Broca / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate / Q000378:metabolism*; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic; C104077:metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1