title: SUMO Ubc9 enzyme as a viral target.
abstract: Viruses alter specific host cell targets to counteract possible defense mechanisms aimed at eliminating infectivity and viral propagation. The SUMO conjugating enzyme Ubc9 functions as a hub for protein sumoylation, whilst also providing an interactive surface for sumoylated proteins through noncovalent interactions. The targeting of Ubc9 by viruses and viral proteins is thus highly beneficial for the disruption of both protein modification and protein-protein interaction mechanisms with which proteins increase their functional repertoire in cells. This review explores some of the clever mechanisms adopted by viruses to deregulate Ubc9, influence effector pathways and positively impact viral persistence consequently.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Archana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Varadaraj
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mattoscio
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chiocca
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D025842:SUMO-1 Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D058207:Sumoylation; D044763:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D014452:Ubiquitins / Q000378:metabolism; D014779:Virus Replication; D000098843:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme UBC9
chemical_list: D025842:SUMO-1 Protein; D014452:Ubiquitins; D044763:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes; D000098843:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme UBC9
keywords: SUMO; SUMO UBC9 enzyme; viral proteins