title: Demographic characteristics of world class Jamaican sprinters.
abstract: The dominance of Jamaican sprinters in international meets remains largely unexplained. Proposed explanations include demographics and favorable physiological characteristics. The aim of this study was to analyze the demographic characteristics of world class Jamaican sprinters. Questionnaires administered to 120 members of the Jamaican national team and 125 controls elicited information on place of birth, language, ethnicity, and distance and method of travel to school. Athletes were divided into three groups based on athletic disciplines: sprint (s: 100-400 m; n = 80), jump and throw (j/t: jump and throw; n = 25) and, middle distance (md: 800-3000 m; n = 15). Frequency differences between groups were assessed using chi-square tests. Regional or county distribution of sprint differed from that of middle distance (P < 0.001) but not from that of jump and throw athletes (P = 0.24) and that of controls (P = 0.59). Sprint athletes predominantly originated from the Surrey county (s = 46%, j/t = 37%, md = 17, C = 53%), whilst middle distance athletes exhibited excess from the Middlesex county (md = 60%). The language distribution of all groups showed uniformity with a predominance of English. A higher proportion of middle distance and jump and throw athletes walked to school (md = 80%, j/t = 52%, s = 10%, and C = 12%) and travelled greater distances to school. In conclusion, Jamaica's success in sprinting may be related to environmental and social factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 6, Jamaica.
authors.forename: Rachael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Irving
authors.affiliation: Institute of Education, University of the West Indies, Kingston 6, Jamaica.
authors.forename: Vilma
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Charlton
authors.affiliation: University of Technology, Kingston 7, Jamaica.
authors.forename: Errol
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Morrison
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 6, Jamaica.
authors.forename: Aldeam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Facey
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 6, Jamaica.
authors.forename: Oral
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Buchanan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007563:Jamaica / Q000208:ethnology; D008297:Male; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D055815:Young Adult