title: Discrimination between the human prostate normal cell and cancer cell by using a novel electrical impedance spectroscopy controlling the cross-sectional area of a microfluidic channel.
abstract: The prostate biopsy method shows a high false negative result because the suspicious tissue considered as cancer is not confirmed during tissue sampling. Thus, repeated biopsy procedures and diagnostic errors in relation to prostate cancer frequently occur. The purpose of this research is to enhance the prostate cancer detection rate by using microfluidic electrical impedance spectroscopy (μEIS), which allows real-time measurement of the electrical impedance of a single human prostate normal cell and cancer cell. The μEIS was equipped with a movable flexible membrane, which is operated by pneumatic pressure to capture the single cell on the surface of sensing electrodes. The forced tight contact between the cell and electrodes makes it possible to measure the electrical characteristics of the cell with a high sensitivity. The μEIS discriminates well between normal human prostate cells (RWPE-1) and cancer cells (PC-3) at 8.7 kHz based on the electrical signal responses of the cells. The average difference rates of admittance magnitude and susceptance are 54.55% and 54.59%, respectively. The developed μEIS also shows high repeatability, which was verified by a deionized water test conducted before and after each cell assay; the maximum variance of both the impedance and admittance at 8.7 kHz was as small as 9.48%.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical System Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 500-712, South Korea.
authors.forename: Giseok
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, South Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Jae
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Guri 471-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hong-Sang
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Guri 471-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong-Woo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul 139-872, South Korea.
authors.forename: Tag-Keun
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-757, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kwangsung
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical System Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 500-712, South Korea ; Department of Mechatronics, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 500-712, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee