title: Development and evaluation of a short 24-h food list as part of a blended dietary assessment strategy in large-scale cohort studies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The validity of dietary assessment in large-scale cohort studies has been questioned. Combining data sources for the estimation of usual intake in a blended approach may enhance the validity of dietary measurement. Our objective was to develop a web-based 24-h food list for Germany to identify foods consumed during the previous 24 h and to evaluate the performance of the new questionnaire in a feasibility study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Available data from the German National Nutrition Survey II were used to develop a finite list of food items. A total of 508 individuals were invited to fill in the 24-h food list via the Internet up to three times during a 3-6-month time period. In addition, participants were asked to evaluate the questionnaire using a brief online evaluation form.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 246 food items were identified for the 24-h food list, reflecting >75% variation in intake of 27 nutrients and four major food groups. Among the individuals invited, 64% participated in the feasibility study. Of these, 100%, 85% and 68% of participants completed the 24-h food list one, two or three times, respectively. The average time needed to complete the questionnaire was 9 min, and its acceptability by participants was rated as high.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 24-h food list represents a promising new dietary assessment tool that can be used as part of a blended approach combining multiple data sources for valid estimation of usual dietary intake in large-scale cohort studies.
authors.affiliation: 1] Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University Bonn, Bonn, Germany [2] Section of Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, University Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Freese
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Feller
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Harttig
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kleiser
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Linseisen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Leitzmann
authors.affiliation: 1] Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany [2] Institute for Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Six-Merker
authors.affiliation: 1] Institute for Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany [2] Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Michels
authors.affiliation: Molecular Epidemiology Group, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nimptsch
authors.affiliation: Molecular Epidemiology Group, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Steinbrecher
authors.affiliation: Molecular Epidemiology Group, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pischon
authors.affiliation: Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Karlsruhe, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Heuer
authors.affiliation: Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Karlsruhe, Germany.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.affiliation: Section of Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, University Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Boeing
authors.affiliation: 1] Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University Bonn, Bonn, Germany [2] Section of Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, University Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Nöthlings
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015930:Diet Records; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult