title: Grave's disease with transverse and sigmoid sinus thrombosis needing surgical intervention.
abstract: Thrombosis of venous sinuses associated with thyrotoxicosis is rare, and isolated transverse and sigmoid sinus thrombosis is rarer and reported only once previously. We present a case of Graves disease, who suffered unilateral sigmoid and transverse sinus thrombosis with intracranial hemorrhage. A 42-year-old female, a diagnosed case of Graves disease, presented to us with headache, drowsiness, and hemiparesis. Computed Tomography revealed a large right temporo-parieto-occipital venous infarct. The patient needed surgical intervention in the form of decompressive craniotomy following which she improved, and on follow-up is having no deficits. Thrombophilia profile showed a low Protein S and Anti thrombin III (AT III) levels. Deranged thrombophilia profile in combination with the hypercoagulable state in thyrotoxicosis, most likely precipitated the thrombotic event. Timely surgical intervention can be offered in selective cases with a good clinical outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Medicine, ESIC Model Hospital, Andheri, India.
authors.forename: Banumathy
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Srikant
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, BYL Nair Hospital, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Srikant
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Balasubramaniam
keywords: Cerebral sinus thrombosis; decompressive craniotomy; factor S deficiency; graves disease; thyrotoxicosis