title: Effect of different milling methods on glycaemic response of foods made with finger millet (Eucenea coracana) flour.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Compare glycaemic response of foods prepared with finger millet flour, using traditional stone grinding and industrial milling.
  
  
  METHODS
  Crossover study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Healthy volunteers (n=11) consisting of five males and six females), aged between 20 and 30 years, with a body mass index of 18.5-23.5 Kgm-2.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood glucose concentration was measured at fasting and 30, 45, 60, 90, 120 minutes after ingestion of roti and pittu made with stone ground or industrially milled finger millet flour, containing 50 g of available carbohydrates. Glycaemic Index (GI) values were expressed as the average value of the 11 subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences (p<0.05) in GI between similar food types made of flour milled using different methods were observed. GI for roti made of stone ground flour was 44±5 and that of roti made of industrially milled flour was 59±7. Pittu made of stone ground flour had a GI of 67±5 and GI of pittu made of industrially milled flour was 79±5. Microscopic analysis of flour samples and a sieving process using different sieve sizes showed larger particle size distribution in stone ground flour compared to industrially milled flour.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Larger particle sizes in the stone ground flour compared with industrially milled flour was established as the only factor affecting the difference in GI of same type of food prepared with flour milled using different methods. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) in proximate compositions of the different foods or raw flours. Foods prepared with finger millet (kurakkan) flour with a larger particle size distribution resulted in a lower glycaemic response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka. sagarikae@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Jayasinghe
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ekanayake
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Nugegoda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D031748:Eleusine; D005260:Female; D005433:Flour / Q000032:analysis*; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D038321:Glycemic Index; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010316:Particle Size; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose