title: Plant virus differentially alters the plant's defense response to its closely related vectors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is one of the most widely distributed agricultural pests. In recent years, B. tabaci Q has invaded China, and Q has displaced B in many areas now. In a number of regions of the world, invasion by B and/or Q has been followed by outbreaks of tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV). Our previous study showed TYLCV directly and indirectly modified the feeding behavior of B. tabaci in favor of Q rather than B.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, we quantified the salicylic acid (SA) titers and relative gene expression of SA in tomato leaves that were infested with viruliferous or non-viruliferous B and Q. We also measured the impacts of exogenous SA on the performance of B and Q, including the effects on ovary development. SA titer was always higher in leaves that were infested with viruliferous B than with viruliferous Q, whereas the SA titer did not differ between leaves infested with non-viruliferous B and Q. The relative gene expression of SA signaling was increased by feeding of viruliferous B but was not increased by feeding of viruliferous Q. The life history traits of B and Q were adversely affected on SA-treated plants. On SA-treated plants, both B and Q had lower fecundity, shorter longevity, longer developmental time and lower survival rate than on untreated plants. Compared with whiteflies feeding on control plants, those feeding on SA-treated plants had fewer oocytes and slower ovary development. On SA-treated plants, viruliferous B had fewer oocytes than viruliferous Q.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that TYLCV tends to induce SA-regulated plant defense against B but SA-regulated plant defense against Q was reduced. In other words, Q may have a mutualistic relationship with TYLCV that results in the reduction of the plant's defense response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China ; Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaobin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Huipeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qingjun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Shaoli
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Gong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiwu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Youjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D053839:Begomovirus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility; D015870:Gene Expression; D017343:Genes, Plant; D006430:Hemiptera / Q000145:classification* / Q000502:physiology / Q000821:virology*; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000145:classification* / Q000502:physiology / Q000821:virology*; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology* / Q000821:virology*; D010053:Ovary / Q000254:growth & development; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D020156:Salicylic Acid