title: Protective effect of CCR5 Delta-32 allele against HIV-1 in Mexican women.
abstract: C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) is known for its role as a co-receptor for HIV-1 infection. Some individuals possess a 32 bp deletion, known as Delta-32 allele which has been reported to confer resistance to HIV-1 infection. In order to estimate the distribution of Delta-32 allele of CCR5 gene, 1034 mestizo individuals from the Northwest of Mexico, including 385 HIV-1-infected individuals, 472 healthy controls and 177 uninfected female sex workers; were examined by allele-specific PCR. There was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of Delta-32 allele between HIV-1 positive and healthy individuals (OR= 1.1, p= 0.6). However, we found a significantly reduced prevalence of CCR5 Delta-32 heterozygous genotype in female patients (OR= 0.084, 95% CI= 0.011 - 0.630, p= 0.002), as well as in allele frequency, compared to male patients. Furthermore, we observed an inverse relationship between allele frequency and the risk of HIV-1 transmission and AIDS progression among female healthy controls, sex workers and HIV-1 infected groups. Our findings support previous data showing Delta-32 as a genetic protective factor against HIV-1 infection in Mexican women, as well as in women from other populations.
authors.forename: Jesús A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Estrada-Aguirre
authors.forename: Silvestre G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Cázarez-Salazar
authors.forename: Luis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Ochoa-Ramírez
authors.forename: Selene de J
authors.initials: Sde J
authors.lastname: Acosta-Cota
authors.forename: Román
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zamora-Gómez
authors.forename: Guilermi M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Najar-Reyes
authors.forename: Perla
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Villarreal-Escamilla
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Osuna-Ramírez
authors.forename: Sylvia P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Díaz-Camacho
authors.forename: Jorge G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Zazueta
authors.forename: Juan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Ríos-Tostado
authors.affiliation: Unidad Academica Escuela de Biologia, Universidad Autonoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico. Av. De las Americas y Blvd. Universitarios s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico. jsvelfe@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Jesús S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Velarde-Félix
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005819:Genetic Markers; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000235:genetics*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D008800:Mexico; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D011477:Sex Work; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; D019713:Receptors, CCR5