title: Alamandine: a new member of the angiotensin family.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this article, we review the recent findings regarding a new derivative of angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)], alamandine, and its receptor, the Mas-related G-coupled receptor type D (MrgD) with a special emphasis on its role and how it can be formed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Over the last decade, there have been significant conceptual changes regarding the understanding of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). A cardioprotective axis has been elucidated by the discovery of the Mas receptor for the biologically active Ang-(1-7), and the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) that coverts Ang II into Ang-(1-7). In addition, several components of the system, such as Ang-(1-12), Angiotensin A (Ang A) and the newly discovered peptide, alamandine, have been identified. Alamandine is generated by catalysis of Ang A via ACE2 or directly from Ang-(1-7).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Alamandine is a vasoactive peptide with similar protective actions as Ang-(1-7) that acts through the MrgD and may represent another important counter-regulatory mechanism within the RAS.
authors.affiliation: aNational Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais bInstituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniel C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Villela
authors.forename: Danielle G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Passos-Silva
authors.forename: Robson A S
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Santos
mesh_terms: D000803:Angiotensin I / Q000378:metabolism; D000085962:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; D000809:Angiotensins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000378:metabolism; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000378:metabolism; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D000809:Angiotensins; D009842:Oligopeptides; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; C581752:alamandine; C516880:angiotensin A; D000803:Angiotensin I; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; C000705307:ACE2 protein, human; D000085962:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; C118790:angiotensin I (1-7)