title: Vision impairment and nutritional status among older assisted living residents.
abstract: Vision impairment is common among older persons. It is a risk factor for disability, and it may be associated with nutritional status via decline in functional status. However, only few studies have examined the relationship between vision impairment and nutritional status, which was investigated in this cross-sectional study. The study included all residents living in the assisted living facilities in Helsinki and Espoo in 2007. Residents in temporary respite care were excluded (5%). Of permanent residents (N=2214), 70% (N=1475) consented. Trained nurses performed a personal interview and assessment of each resident including the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), functional and health status. Patient records were used to confirm demographic data and medical history. Mortality in 2010 was retrieved from central registers. Of the residents, 17.5% (N=245) had vision impairment and they were not able to read regular print. Those with vision impairment were older, more often females, and malnourished according to MNA. They had lower BMI, and suffered more often from dementia and chewing problems than those without vision impairment. In logistic regression analysis controlling for age, gender, chewing problems and dementia, vision impairment was independently associated with resident's malnutrition (OR 2.51, 95% CI 1.80-3.51). According to our results older residents in assisted living with vision impairment are at high risk for malnutrition. Therefore it is important to assess nutritional status of persons with vision impairment. It would be beneficial to repeat this kind of a study also in elderly community population.
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland. Electronic address: seija.muurinen@kolumbus.fi.
authors.forename: Seija M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Muurinen
authors.affiliation: Social Services and Health Care Department, City of Helsinki, Finland; Unit of Primary Health Care, University Central Hospital and Department of General Practice, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Helena H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Soini
authors.affiliation: Unit of Primary Health Care, University Central Hospital and Department of General Practice, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Merja H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Suominen
authors.affiliation: Social Services and Health Care Department, Oral Health Care, City of Helsinki, P.O. Box 6452, FI-00099 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Riitta K T
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Saarela
authors.affiliation: Unit of Primary Health Care, University Central Hospital and Department of General Practice, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Niina M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Savikko
authors.affiliation: Unit of Primary Health Care, University Central Hospital and Department of General Practice, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Kaisu H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Pitkälä
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D040561:Assisted Living Facilities; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D015577:Geriatric Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D009752:Nutritional Status; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012307:Risk Factors; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000150:complications*
keywords: Assisted living facilities; Nutritional status; Vision impairment