title: Cardiometabolic risk factors are influenced by Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) -1 gene polymorphisms and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation.
abstract: METHODS
  To determine if single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD)-1 gene that encodes a key enzyme for fatty acid metabolism are associated with the response of cardiometabolic risk factors to n-3 PUFA supplementation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred and ten subjects completed a 2-week run-in period followed by 6-week supplementation with 5 g of fish oil (1.9-2.2 g eicosapentaenoic acid and 1.1 g docosahexaenoic acid). Risk factors were measured pre and post n-3 supplementation. Fatty acid composition of plasma phospholipids was analyzed by GC and the desaturase indices SCD16 (16:1n-7/16:0) and SCD18 (18:1n-9/18:0) were calculated. Genotyping of eight SNPs of the SCD1 gene was performed. N-3 PUFA supplementation decreased plasma triglycerides, as well as SCD16 and SCD18 indices, but increased fasting plasma glucose concentrations. SNPs in SCD1-modified cardiometabolic risk factors pre and post n-3 PUFA supplementation: triglyceride (rs508384, p = 0.0086), IL6 (rs3071, p = 0.0485), C-reactive protein (rs3829160, p = 0.0489), and SCD18 indices (rs2234970, p = 0.0337). A significant interaction effect between the SNP and n-3 PUFA supplementation was also observed for fasting plasma glucose levels (rs508384, p = 0.0262).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that cardiometabolic risk factors are modulated by genetic variations in the SCD1 gene alone or in combination with n-3 PUFA supplementation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec, Canada; Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rudkowska
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Julien
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Couture
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lemieux
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tchernof
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Barbier
authors.forename: Marie-Claude
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Vohl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000517:prevention & control; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000097:blood; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase / Q000235:genetics*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D005395:Fish Oils; D010743:Phospholipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; C523776:SCD1 protein, human; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase
keywords: Desaturase indices; Genetic variations; Inflammation; Nutrigenetics; Plasma lipids