title: Concentration variation and molecular characteristics of soluble (1,3;1,6)-β-D-glucans in submerged cultivation products of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium.
abstract: (1,3)-β-D-Glucans with (1,6)-β-D-glucosyl branches are bioactive polysaccharides in fruiting bodies and mycelia of Ganoderma lucidum, a mushroom used in traditional Chinese medicine. Submerged cultivation of mycelium is one of the more efficient means of generating polysaccharides from this fungus. Twelve mycelium samples examined in this study demonstrated the quantitative and qualitative molecular characteristics of soluble (1,3;1,6)-β-D-glucans. It was observed that the concentration of soluble (1,3;1,6)-β-D-glucan varied substantially from 1.3 to 79.9 mg/dL. (1,3;1,6)-β-D-Glucans also preserved their molecular characteristics with degrees of branching (DB) of 0.21-0.36 and molecular masses of 10(5)-10(6) g/mol for those samples with substantial quantities of β-D-glucan. Using the high aggregating tendency of these molecules, (1,3;1,6)-β-D-glucans were successfully purified via fractional precipitation with 35% (v/v) ethanol. (1,3;1,6)-β-D-Glucan was proposed as a putative bioactive marker for immunomodulation because it was the most abundant polysaccharide in G. lucidum mycelium products to stimulate macrophage RAW 264.7 cells to release TNF-α.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chung-Huang
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shu-Chen
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Huei-Ju
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Miaw-Ling
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Bi-Fong
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Been-Huang
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: Ting-Jang
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D048690:Fruiting Bodies, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D005936:Glucans / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008970:Molecular Weight; D025282:Mycelium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D020940:Reishi / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D005936:Glucans; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
keywords: (1,3;1,6)-β-d-glucans; Ganoderma lucidum; degree of branching; molecular weight