title: Gemifloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial drug, inhibits migration and invasion of human colon cancer cells.
abstract: Gemifloxacin (GMF) is an orally administered broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agent used to treat acute bacterial exacerbation of pneumonia and bronchitis. Although fluoroquinolone antibiotics have also been found to have anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects, studies on the effect of GMF on treating colon cancer have been relatively rare. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to describe the antimetastasis activities of GMF in colon cancer and the possible mechanisms involved. Results have shown that GMF inhibits the migration and invasion of colon cancer SW620 and LoVo cells and causes epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). In addition, GMF suppresses the activation of NF- κ B and cell migration and invasion induced by TNF- α and inhibits the TAK1/TAB2 interaction, resulting in decreased I κ B phosphorylation and NF- κ B nuclear translocation in SW620 cells. Furthermore, Snail, a critical transcriptional factor of EMT, was downregulated after GMF treatment. Overexpression of Snail by cDNA transfection significantly decreases the inhibitory effect of GMF on EMT and cell migration and invasion. In conclusion, GMF may be a novel anticancer agent for the treatment of metastasis in colon cancer.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan ; Department of Surgery, Division of Gastrointestinal and General Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jung-Yu
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kan
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ya-Ling
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan ; Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yen-Hsu
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan ; Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tun-Chieh
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan ; Department of Surgery, Division of Gastrointestinal and General Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan ; Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jaw-Yuan
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan ; Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan ; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Po-Lin
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Kuo
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / Q000187:drug effects; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077735:Gemifloxacin; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009287:Naphthyridines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D000071250:Snail Family Transcription Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009287:Naphthyridines; D000071250:Snail Family Transcription Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000077735:Gemifloxacin