title: A cascade of histone modifications induces chromatin condensation in mitosis.
abstract: Metaphase chromosomes are visible hallmarks of mitosis, yet our understanding of their structure and of the forces shaping them is rudimentary. Phosphorylation of histone H3 serine 10 (H3 S10) by Aurora B kinase is a signature event of mitosis, but its function in chromatin condensation is unclear. Using genetically encoded ultraviolet light-inducible cross-linkers, we monitored protein-protein interactions with spatiotemporal resolution in living yeast to identify the molecular details of the pathway downstream of H3 S10 phosphorylation. This modification leads to the recruitment of the histone deacetylase Hst2p that subsequently removes an acetyl group from histone H4 lysine 16, freeing the H4 tail to interact with the surface of neighboring nucleosomes and promoting fiber condensation. This cascade of events provides a condensin-independent driving force of chromatin hypercondensation during mitosis.
authors.affiliation: Free Floater (Junior) Research Group "Applied Synthetic Biology," Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August University Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Bryan J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Wilkins
authors.forename: Nils A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Rall
authors.forename: Yogesh
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ostwal
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kruitwagen
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hiragami-Hamada
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Winkler
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Barral
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fischle
authors.forename: Heinz
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Neumann
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism*; D015825:Chromosomes, Fungal / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D008239:Lysine / Q000378:metabolism; D008938:Mitosis; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D025941:Protein Interaction Mapping; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012694:Serine / Q000378:metabolism*; D056565:Sirtuin 2 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006657:Histones; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C108312:condensin complexes; D012694:Serine; C423033:HST2 protein, S cerevisiae; D056565:Sirtuin 2; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D008239:Lysine