title: Toxicological assessment of enzyme-treated asparagus extract in rat acute and subchronic oral toxicity studies and genotoxicity tests.
abstract: The safety of enzyme-treated asparagus extract (ETAS) developed as a novel anti-stress functional material was assessed in acute and subchronic studies and genotoxicity assays. In the acute oral dose toxicity study, all rats survived during the test period and ETAS did not influence clinical appearance, body weight gain and necropsy findings at a dosage of 2000mg/kg body weight. Thus, the 50% lethal dose (LD50) of ETAS was determined to be greater than 2000mg/kg. The 90-day subchronic study (500, 1000 and 2000mg/kg body weight, delivered by gavage) in rats reported no significant adverse effects in food consumption, body weight, mortality, urinalysis, hematology, biochemistry, necropsy, organ weight and histopathology. In the micronucleus test of mice, the incidence of micronuclei in ETAS-administered groups (500, 1000 and 2000mg/kg/day, injected twice) was equivalent to that of the negative control group, while the positive control group receiving mitomycin C showed a high incidence. The potential of ETAS to induce gene mutation was tested using four Salmonella typhimurium strains and Escherichia coli WP2uvrA. The test sample was not mutagenic to the test strains. These results support the safety of ETAS as food and dietary supplement.
authors.affiliation: Amino Up Chemical Co., Ltd., 363-22 Shin-ei, Kiyota-ku, Sapporo 004-0839, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Amino Up Chemical Co., Ltd., 363-22 Shin-ei, Kiyota-ku, Sapporo 004-0839, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.affiliation: Amino Up Chemical Co., Ltd., 363-22 Shin-ei, Kiyota-ku, Sapporo 004-0839, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsuya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Amino Up Chemical Co., Ltd., 363-22 Shin-ei, Kiyota-ku, Sapporo 004-0839, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.affiliation: Amino Up Chemical Co., Ltd., 363-22 Shin-ei, Kiyota-ku, Sapporo 004-0839, Japan.
authors.forename: Takehito
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.affiliation: Amino Up Chemical Co., Ltd., 363-22 Shin-ei, Kiyota-ku, Sapporo 004-0839, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wakame
authors.affiliation: Amino Up Chemical Co., Ltd., 363-22 Shin-ei, Kiyota-ku, Sapporo 004-0839, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishioka
authors.affiliation: Amino Up Chemical Co., Ltd., 363-22 Shin-ei, Kiyota-ku, Sapporo 004-0839, Japan. Electronic address: maeda@aminoup.co.jp.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maeda
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D027761:Asparagus Plant / Q000737:chemistry*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000633:toxicity; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000235:genetics; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute / Q000379:methods; D059550:Toxicity Tests, Subchronic / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D016685:Mitomycin
keywords: 5-Hydroximethyl-2-furfural; Acute; Asfural; Asparagus; ETAS; HSP70; Mutagenicity; Subchronic; Toxicology