title: Polymorphisms in genes involved in the triglyceride synthesis pathway and marine omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation modulate plasma triglyceride levels.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Marine omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) reduce plasma triglyceride (TG) levels. Genetic factors such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) could be responsible for the variability of the plasma TG response to n-3 PUFA supplementation. Previous studies have demonstrated that n-3 PUFA supplementation using fish oil modified the expression levels of three genes involved in the TG synthesis pathway (GPAM, AGPAT3 and AGPAT4) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 210 subjects consumed 5 g/day of a fish oil supplement for 6 weeks. Plasma lipids were measured before and after the supplementation period. Three SNPs in GPAM, 13 SNPs in AGPAT3 and 35 SNPs in AGPAT4 were genotyped.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In an ANOVA for repeated measures adjusted for age, sex and BMI, genotype effects on plasma TG levels were observed for rs1838452 in AGPAT3 as well as for rs746731 and rs2293286 in AGPAT4. Genotype × supplementation interaction effects on plasma TG levels were observed for rs2792751 and rs17129561 in GPAM as well as for rs3798943 and rs9458172 in AGPAT4 (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that SNPs in genes involved in the TG synthesis pathway may influence plasma TG levels after n-3 PUFA supplementation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec, Que., Canada.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ouellette
authors.forename: Hubert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cormier
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rudkowska
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guénard
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lemieux
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Couture
authors.forename: Marie-Claude
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Vohl
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005395:Fish Oils; D014280:Triglycerides