title: Toll-like receptor activation and expression in bovine alpha-herpesvirus infections.
abstract: The involvement of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in bovine herpesvirus types 1 (BoHV-1) and 5 (BoHV-5) infections has not been analyzed. In this study, the role of TLR signaling on virus replication was investigated. Blood leukocytes consistently express TLRs. Thus, our approach was to study in vitro the effects of agonist stimulation of TLRs expressed by peripheral blood leukocytes on BoHV-1 and BoHV-5 replication. Furthermore, the patterns of TLRs 3, 7-9 expression on virus-infected-bovine leukocytes were analyzed. Only Imiquimod (TLR7/8 agonist) showed anti-viral activity on infected MDBK cells. This is the first evidence that the timely activation of TLR7/8 signaling is effective in impairing BoHV-1 and 5 replication, thereby providing an experimental indication that Imiquimod may be a promising immune modulator. This work describes, for the first time, the expression patterns of TLRs in BoHV-1- or BoHV-5-infected-bovine leukocytes, suggesting the involvement of TLR7 and TLR9 in the recognition of these viruses.
authors.affiliation: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Marin
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Análisis Fares Taie, Rivadavia 3331, 7600 Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Quintana
authors.affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, Ruta 226 Km 73.5, 7620 Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Faverín
authors.affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, Ruta 226 Km 73.5, 7620 Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Leunda
authors.affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, Ruta 226 Km 73.5, 7620 Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Electronic address: aodeon@balcarce.inta.gov.ar.
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Odeón
authors.affiliation: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Pérez
mesh_terms: D000634:Aminoquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D002460:Cell Line; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D007242:Herpesvirus 1, Bovine / Q000276:immunology*; D025881:Herpesvirus 5, Bovine / Q000276:immunology*; D000077271:Imiquimod; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000819:agonists / Q000276:immunology*; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000634:Aminoquinolines; D012367:RNA, Viral; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D000077271:Imiquimod
keywords: Agonist; Bovine herpesvirus; Expression patterns; Toll-like receptor