title: Parental effects improve escape performance of juvenile reef fish in a high-CO2 world.
abstract: Rising CO2 levels in the oceans are predicted to have serious consequences for many marine taxa. Recent studies suggest that non-genetic parental effects may reduce the impact of high CO2 on the growth, survival and routine metabolic rate of marine fishes, but whether the parental environment mitigates behavioural and sensory impairment associated with high CO2 remains unknown. Here, we tested the acute effects of elevated CO2 on the escape responses of juvenile fish and whether such effects were altered by exposure of parents to increased CO2 (transgenerational acclimation). Elevated CO2 negatively affected the reactivity and locomotor performance of juvenile fish, but parental exposure to high CO2 reduced the effects in some traits, indicating the potential for acclimation of behavioural impairment across generations. However, acclimation was not complete in some traits, and absent in others, suggesting that transgenerational acclimation does not completely compensate the effects of high CO2 on escape responses.
authors.affiliation: ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, and School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, , Townsville, Queensland, Australia, CNR-IAMC, Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, , Località Sa Mardini, Torregrande, Oristano, Italy.
authors.forename: Bridie J M
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Allan
authors.forename: Gabrielle M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Mark I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: McCormick
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Domenici
authors.forename: Philip L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Munday
mesh_terms: D000064:Acclimatization; D000818:Animals; D001315:Australia; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D057231:Climate Change; D057894:Coral Reefs; D004924:Escape Reaction; D005399:Fishes / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D007814:Larva / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide
keywords: acclimation predation; carbon dioxide; climate change; locomotion; ocean acidification; parental effects