title: Histopathological image analysis for centroblasts classification through dimensionality reduction approaches.
abstract: We present two novel automated image analysis methods to differentiate centroblast (CB) cells from noncentroblast (non-CB) cells in digital images of H&E-stained tissues of follicular lymphoma. CB cells are often confused by similar looking cells within the tissue, therefore a system to help their classification is necessary. Our methods extract the discriminatory features of cells by approximating the intrinsic dimensionality from the subspace spanned by CB and non-CB cells. In the first method, discriminatory features are approximated with the help of singular value decomposition (SVD), whereas in the second method they are extracted using Laplacian Eigenmaps. Five hundred high-power field images were extracted from 17 slides, which are then used to compose a database of 213 CB and 234 non-CB region of interest images. The recall, precision, and overall accuracy rates of the developed methods were measured and compared with existing classification methods. Moreover, the reproducibility of both classification methods was also examined. The average values of the overall accuracy were 99.22% ± 0.75% and 99.07% ± 1.53% for COB and CLEM, respectively. The experimental results demonstrate that both proposed methods provide better classification accuracy of CB/non-CB in comparison with the state of the art methods.
authors.affiliation: Informatics and Telematics Institute-Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (ITI-CERTH), Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Evgenios N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Kornaropoulos
authors.forename: M Khalid Khan
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Niazi
authors.forename: Gerard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lozanski
authors.forename: Metin N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Gurcan
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001185:Artificial Intelligence; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008224:Lymphoma, Follicular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated / Q000379:methods; D013223:Statistics as Topic
keywords: LDA; Laplacian Eigenmaps; SVD; dimensionality reduction; follicular lymphoma; intrinsic dimensionality