title: Adverse drug reaction profile of anti-snake venom in a rural tertiary care teaching hospital.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study was carried out with the aim of evaluation of the adverse drug reaction profile of anti-snake venom serum (ASV) in a rural tertiary care hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  An observational study was conducted in SRTR Medical College, Ambajogai, Maharashtra, India. A total number of 296 indoor case papers of snake bite from February to September 2011 and June to August 2012 were retrieved from the record section and the antivenom reactions were assessed. In addition, basic epidemiological data and prescribing practices of ASV were also analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vasculotoxic snake bites were more common (50.61%) than neuroparalytic ones (22.56%). Mild envenomation was the commonest presentation. A total of 92 (56.10%) patients who received ASV suffered from antivenom reactions. The most common nature of reaction was chills, rigors (69.56%) followed by nausea and vomiting (34.8%). 10-15% patients suffered from moderate to severe reactions like hypotension and sudden respiratory arrest. We did not find any dose response relationship of ASV to risk of reactions (odds ratio 0.37). Intradermal sensitivity test was performed in about 72% cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study showed a higher incidence of reactions to ASV at our institute.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Swami Ramanand Teerth Rural Government Medical College, Ambajogai, Beed, Maharashtra 431517, India.
authors.forename: Rushikesh Prabhakar
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Deshpande
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Swami Ramanand Teerth Rural Government Medical College, Ambajogai, Beed, Maharashtra 431517, India.
authors.forename: Vijay Motiram
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Motghare
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Swami Ramanand Teerth Rural Government Medical College, Ambajogai, Beed, Maharashtra 431517, India.
authors.forename: Sudhir Laxman
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Padwal
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Swami Ramanand Teerth Rural Government Medical College, Ambajogai, Beed, Maharashtra 431517, India.
authors.forename: Rakesh Ramkrishna
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Pore
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Swami Ramanand Teerth Rural Government Medical College, Ambajogai, Beed, Maharashtra 431517, India.
authors.forename: Chetanraj Ghanshyam
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Bhamare
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Swami Ramanand Teerth Rural Government Medical College, Ambajogai, Beed, Maharashtra 431517, India.
authors.forename: Vinod Shivaji
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Deshmukh
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Swami Ramanand Teerth Rural Government Medical College, Ambajogai, Beed, Maharashtra 431517, India.
authors.forename: Harshal Nutan
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Pise
keywords: Anaphylaxis; Antivenom; Antivenom reactions; Envenoming; Snake bite