title: An intensive programme of passive stretch and motor training to manage severe knee contractures after traumatic brain injury: a case report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  While contemporary management of contractures (a common secondary problem of acquired brain injury that can be difficult to treat) includes passive stretch, recent evidence indicates that this intervention may not be effective. This may be because clinical trials have not provided a sufficient dose or have not combined passive stretch with other treatments. The purpose of this case report is to describe a programme of intensive passive stretch combined with motor training administered over a 1.5-year period to treat severe knee contractures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five months after traumatic brain injury, an adolescent client with severe contractures in multiple joints underwent an intensive stretch programme for his knee contractures, including serial casting and splinting, which was administered for 10 months in conjunction with a motor training programme administered for 1.5 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The client regained full extension range in his knees and progressed from being totally dependent to walking short distances with assistance; these effects were maintained at follow-up 5.5 years after injury.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of a high dose of passive stretch in conjunction with motor training may be an option to consider for correcting severe contractures following acquired brain injury.
authors.affiliation: Royal Rehabilitation Centre Sydney ; Sydney Medical School.
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.affiliation: Royal Rehabilitation Centre Sydney ; Rehabilitation Studies Unit, Sydney Medical School/Northern, University of Sydney.
authors.forename: Lisa A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Harvey
authors.affiliation: Sydney Medical School ; George Institute for Global Health, Australia.
authors.forename: Anne M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Moseley
keywords: brain injuries; contracture; exercise therapy; muscle stretching exercises