title: Sexual dimorphism of the feto-placental phenotype in response to a high fat and control maternal diets in a rabbit model.
abstract: Maternal environment during early developmental stages plays a seminal role in the establishment of adult phenotype. Using a rabbit model, we previously showed that feeding dams with a diet supplemented with 8% fat and 0.2% cholesterol (HH diet) from the prepubertal period and throughout gestation induced metabolic syndrome in adult offspring. Here, we examined the effects of the HH diet on feto-placental phenotype at 28 days post-coïtum (term = 31 days) in relation to earlier effects in the blastocyst (Day 6). At 28 days, both male and female HH fetuses were intrauterine growth retarded and dyslipidemic, with males more affected than females. Lipid droplets accumulated in the HH placentas' trophoblast, consistent with the increased concentrations in cholesteryl esters (3.2-fold), triacylglycerol (2.5-fold) and stored FA (2.12-fold). Stored FA concentrations were significantly higher in female compared to male HH placentas (2.18-fold, p<0.01), whereas triacylglycerol was increased only in HH males. Trophoblastic lipid droplet accumulation was also observed at the blastocyst stage. The expression of numerous genes involved in lipid pathways differed significantly according to diet both in term placenta and at the blastocyst stage. Among them, the expression of LXR-α in HH placentas was reduced in HH males but not females. These data demonstrate that maternal HH diet affects the blastocyst and induces sex-dependent metabolic adaptations in the placenta, which appears to protect female fetuses from developing severe dyslipidemia.
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, Jouy-en-Josas, France ; ENVA, Maisons Alfort, France ; PremUp Foundation, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tarrade
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, Jouy-en-Josas, France ; ENVA, Maisons Alfort, France ; PremUp Foundation, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rousseau-Ralliard
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, Jouy-en-Josas, France ; ENVA, Maisons Alfort, France ; PremUp Foundation, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Marie-Christine
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Aubrière
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, Jouy-en-Josas, France ; ENVA, Maisons Alfort, France.
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Peynot
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, Jouy-en-Josas, France ; ENVA, Maisons Alfort, France ; PremUp Foundation, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Michèle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dahirel
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR 1048- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Justine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bertrand-Michel
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, Jouy-en-Josas, France ; ENVA, Maisons Alfort, France.
authors.forename: Tiphaine
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aguirre-Lavin
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, Jouy-en-Josas, France ; ENVA, Maisons Alfort, France ; PremUp Foundation, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Morel
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, Jouy-en-Josas, France ; ENVA, Maisons Alfort, France.
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Beaujean
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, Jouy-en-Josas, France ; ENVA, Maisons Alfort, France.
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Duranthon
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, Jouy-en-Josas, France ; ENVA, Maisons Alfort, France ; PremUp Foundation, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chavatte-Palmer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation; D005333:Fetus; D015870:Gene Expression; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure; D010641:Phenotype; D010920:Placenta; D011247:Pregnancy; D011817:Rabbits; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids