title: Simultaneous detection and quantification of select nitromusks, antimicrobial agent, and antihistamine in fish of grocery stores by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
abstract: Continually detected biologically persistent nitromusks; galaxolide (HHCB), tonalide (AHTN) and musk ketone (MK), antimicrobial triclosan (TCS), and antihistamine diphenhydramine (DPH) were examined for the first time in edible fillets originating from eight fish species grown in salt- and fresh-water. The sampled fish collected from local grocery stores were homogenized, extracted, pre-concentrated and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) using selected ion monitoring (SIM). The presence of the target compounds in fish extracts was confirmed based on similar mass spectral features and retention behavior with standards. Internal standard based calibration plots were used for quantification. The HHCB, AHTN, TCS and DPH were consistently observed with concentration of 0.163-0.892, 0.068-0.904, 0.189-1.182, and 0.942-7.472 ng g(-1), respectively. These values are at least 1-3 orders of magnitude lower than those obtained in environmental fish specimens. The MK was not detected in any fish.
authors.affiliation: Center for Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Northwest Missouri State University, 800 University Drive, Maryville, MO 64468, USA; Department of Natural Sciences, Northwest Missouri State University, 800 University Drive, Maryville, MO 64468, USA.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Foltz
authors.affiliation: Center for Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Northwest Missouri State University, 800 University Drive, Maryville, MO 64468, USA; Department of Natural Sciences, Northwest Missouri State University, 800 University Drive, Maryville, MO 64468, USA. Electronic address: mottaleb_ma@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abdul Mottaleb
authors.affiliation: Department of Natural Sciences, Northwest Missouri State University, 800 University Drive, Maryville, MO 64468, USA.
authors.forename: Mohammed J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Meziani
authors.affiliation: Department of Natural Sciences, Northwest Missouri State University, 800 University Drive, Maryville, MO 64468, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rafiq Islam
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000032:analysis*; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000032:analysis; D005399:Fishes; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D006633:Histamine Antagonists / Q000032:analysis*; D010476:Perfume / Q000032:analysis*; D013764:Tetrahydronaphthalenes / Q000032:analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D014260:Triclosan / Q000032:analysis; D014992:Xylenes / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001578:Benzopyrans; D006633:Histamine Antagonists; D010476:Perfume; D013764:Tetrahydronaphthalenes; D014992:Xylenes; C033119:galaxolide; C033116:acetyl methyl tetramethyl tetralin; C031448:musk ketone; D014260:Triclosan
keywords: Diphenhydramine; Edible fish; GC–MS; Grocery stores; Nitromusks; Triclosan