title: Fengycin produced by Bacillus subtilis NCD-2 plays a major role in biocontrol of cotton seedling damping-off disease.
abstract: Bacillus subtilis strain NCD-2 is strongly antagonistic toward phytopathogenic fungi, and functions as an excellent biocontrol agent for cotton soil-borne diseases. The aims of this study were to characterize the main active antifungal compound from strain NCD-2 and clarify its role in suppressing cotton damping-off disease. Strain NCD-2 and lipopeptide extract prepared from an NCD-2 culture strongly inhibited the growth of Rhizoctonia solani in vitro. The lipopeptides of strain NCD-2 were separated by fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) and the antifungal compound was identified as a cluster of fengycin homologs analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. A fengycin-deficient mutant was obtained by in-frame deletion of the fengycin synthetase gene in B. subtilis NCD-2. Compared with the wild-type strain, this mutant showed decreased abilities to inhibit the growth of R. solani in vitro and to suppress cotton damping-off disease in vivo. Studies showed that the population of fengycin-deficient mutant was almost same as that of the wild-type NCD-2 strain in the cotton rhizosphere. However, the population of R. solani in the cotton rhizosphere colonized by the fengycin-deficient mutant was twice that in the cotton rhizosphere colonized by the NCD-2 wild-type strain. This study demonstrated that fengycin-type lipopeptides are the main antifungal active compounds produced by B. subtilis NCD-2. These compounds play a major role in restricting the population of R. solani in the cotton rhizosphere and in suppressing cotton damping-off disease.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Center of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Baoding 071000, China.
authors.forename: Qinggang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Center of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Baoding 071000, China; Agricultural College, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, China.
authors.forename: Weixin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Center of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Baoding 071000, China.
authors.forename: Shezeng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Center of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Baoding 071000, China.
authors.forename: Xiuyun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Center of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Baoding 071000, China.
authors.forename: Peipei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Center of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Baoding 071000, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Wood Science Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T1Z4, Canada.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Center of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Baoding 071000, China. Electronic address: pingma88@126.com.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055666:Lipopeptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010572:Pest Control, Biological; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D012232:Rhizoctonia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D055666:Lipopeptides; C049972:fengycin
keywords: Inhibition; Lipopeptide; Mutagenicity; Rhizoctonia solani