title: Protection against H5N1 highly pathogenic avian and pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza virus infection in cynomolgus monkeys by an inactivated H5N1 whole particle vaccine.
abstract: H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) infection has been reported in poultry and humans with expanding clade designations. Therefore, a vaccine that induces immunity against a broad spectrum of H5N1 viruses is preferable for pandemic preparedness. We established a second H5N1 vaccine candidate, A/duck/Hokkaido/Vac-3/2007 (Vac-3), in our virus library and examined the efficacy of inactivated whole particles of this strain against two clades of H5N1 HPAIV strains that caused severe morbidity in cynomolgus macaques. Virus propagation in vaccinated macaques infected with either of the H5N1 HPAIV strains was prevented compared with that in unvaccinated macaques. This vaccine also prevented propagation of a pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus in macaques. In the vaccinated macaques, neutralization activity, which was mainly shown by anti-hemagglutinin antibody, against H5N1 HPAIVs in plasma was detected, but that against H1N1 virus was not detected. However, neuraminidase inhibition activity in plasma and T-lymphocyte responses in lymph nodes against H1N1 virus were detected. Therefore, cross-clade and heterosubtypic protective immunity in macaques consisted of humoral and cellular immunity induced by vaccination with Vac-3.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pathology and Disease Regulation, Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Misako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shintaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shichinohe
authors.affiliation: Division of Pathology and Disease Regulation, Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.affiliation: Division of Pathology and Disease Regulation, Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirohito
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishigaki
authors.affiliation: Division of Pathology and Disease Regulation, Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsutaka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitano
authors.affiliation: Division of Pathology and Disease Regulation, Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan ; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arikata
authors.affiliation: Division of Pathology and Disease Regulation, Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Van Loi
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Pham
authors.affiliation: Division of Pathology and Disease Regulation, Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.affiliation: Division of Pathology and Disease Regulation, Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okamatsu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakoda
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takaya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Quynh Mai
authors.initials: QM
authors.lastname: Le
authors.affiliation: Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Mutsumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ; Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America.
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawaoka
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan ; Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kida
authors.affiliation: Division of Pathology and Disease Regulation, Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazumasa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogasawara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000276:immunology; D001717:Birds / Q000821:virology; D001831:Body Temperature; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D008252:Macaca fascicularis / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D009439:Neuraminidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D058873:Pandemics; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000276:immunology*; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; D009439:Neuraminidase