title: Photoactuators and motors based on carbon nanotubes with selective chirality distributions.
abstract: Direct conversion of light into mechanical work, known as the photomechanical effect, is an emerging field of research, largely driven by the development of novel molecular and polymeric material systems. However, the fundamental impediment is that the previously explored materials and structures do not simultaneously offer fast and wavelength-selective response, reversible actuation, low-cost fabrication and large deflection. Here, we demonstrate highly versatile photoactuators, oscillators and motors based on polymer/single-walled carbon nanotube bilayers that meet all the above requirements. By utilizing nanotubes with different chirality distributions, chromatic actuators that are responsive to selected wavelength ranges are achieved. The bilayer structures are further configured as smart 'curtains' and light-driven motors, demonstrating two examples of envisioned applications.
authors.affiliation: 1] Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [2] Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [3] Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaobo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: 1] Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [2] Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [3] Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Zhibin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: 1] Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [2] Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [3] Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Chuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zarrouk
authors.affiliation: Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.
authors.forename: Jung-Woo Ted
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: 1] Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [2] Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Jim C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Austin D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Buchan
authors.affiliation: 1] Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [2] Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [3] Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Kuniharu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takei
authors.affiliation: Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Joel W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Ager
authors.affiliation: 1] Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [2] Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [3] Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Junjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: 1] Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [2] Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [3] Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hettick
authors.affiliation: Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.
authors.forename: Mark C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Hersam
authors.affiliation: 1] Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [2] Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Albert P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Pisano
authors.affiliation: Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Ronald S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Fearing
authors.affiliation: 1] Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [2] Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [3] Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Javey