title: Glutathione S-transferase expression in upper urinary tract urothelial carcinomas: a Taiwan study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Glutathione S-transferase (GST) isoenzymes play important roles in resistance to cell apoptosis and carcinogenesis. We aimed to establish the relationship between GST expression and the prognosis of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTT-UC) in Taiwan.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study retrospectively reviewed 46 patients with pathologically confirmed UUT-UC at Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital. In each patient, expression of GSTT1 and GSTP1 was compared between urothelial carcinoma and normal urothelial cells by Western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GSTP1 expression in the UUT-UC cells was significantly higher than that in normal urothelial cells (1.6 fold, p<0.001). Expression of GSTT1 was significantly associated with the invasiveness of the carcinoma (p=0.006).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In UUT-UC, GSTP1 might be a potential tumor marker, whereas high GSTT1 expression could be used as an indicator of cancer progression. This study is the first to demonstrate potential applications of different GST isoenzymes for biomolecular analysis of UUT-UCs in Taiwan.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan E-mail : hunglungke@yahoo.com.tw.
authors.forename: Szu-Han
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wen-Jeng
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Hung-Pin
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.forename: Wei-Ming
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Chun-Nung
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Ching-Chia
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hui-Hui
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Hung-Lung
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Ke
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013624:Taiwan; D014571:Urologic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D019459:Urothelium / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1; C496556:GSTP1 protein, human; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi; D005982:Glutathione Transferase