title: Changes in medication preceding out-of-hospital cardiac arrest where resuscitation was attempted.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe recent changes in medication preceding out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) where resuscitation was attempted.
  
  
  METHODS
  OHCA victims were identified by the Swedish Cardiac Arrest Register and linked by means of their unique 10-digit personal identification numbers to the Prescribed Drug Register. We identified new claimed prescriptions during a 6-month period before the OHCA compared with those claimed in the period 12 to 18 months before. The 7-digit Anatomical Therapeutical Chemical codes of individual drugs were used. The study period was November 2007-January 2011.
  
  
  RESULTS
  OHCA victims with drugs were (1) older than those who did not claim any drugs in any period (70 ± 16 years vs. 54 ± 22 years, P < 0.001), (2) more often women (34% vs. 20%, P < 0.001), and (3) had more often a presumed cardiac etiology (67% vs. 54%, P < 0.001). The OHCA victims were less likely to have ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation as the first recorded rhythm (26% vs. 33%, P < 0.001) or to survive 1 month (9% vs. 17%, P < 0.0001). New prescriptions were claimed by 5122 (71%) of 7243 OHCA victims. The most frequently claimed new drugs were paracetamol (acetaminophen) 10.3%, furosemide 7.8%, and omeprazole 7.6%. Of drugs known or supposed to cause QT prolongation, ciprofloxacin was the most frequent (3.4%) altogether; 16% had a new claimed prescription of a drug included in the "qtdrugs.org" lists.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most OHCA victims had new drugs prescribed within 6 months before the event but most often intended for diseases other than cardiac. No claims can be made as to the causality.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; †Department of Medicine, County Hospital Ryhov, Jönköping, Sweden; ‡Department of Medicine, Hudiksvall Hospital, Hudiksvall, Sweden; §Department of Health Sciences, The Centre for Pre-hospital Research in Western Sweden, University of Borås and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; ¶Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet at Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden; and ‖Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden.
authors.forename: Christina M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Holmgren
authors.forename: Nils J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Abdon
authors.forename: Lennart B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Bergfeldt
authors.forename: Nils G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Edvardsson
authors.forename: Johan D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Herlitz
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Karlsson
authors.forename: Leif G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Svensson
authors.forename: Bengt H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Åstrand
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000639:trends*; D011307:Drug Prescriptions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058687:Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012042:Registries; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors