title: Sol-gel synthesis of aliovalent vanadium-doped LiNi(0.5)Mn(1.5)O(4) cathodes with excellent performance at high temperatures.
abstract: Extraordinary performance at elevated temperature is achieved for high-voltage spinel-phase LiNi0.5 Mn1.5 O4 cathodes prepared using an adipic-acid-assisted sol-gel technique and doped with vanadium. V-substitution in the Li sites (Wykoff position 8a) is confirmed by V K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy and Rietveld refinement (Li0.995 V0.005 Ni0.5 Mn1.5 O4 ). V-doped LiNi0.5 Mn1.5 O4 delivered a reversible capacity of approximately 130 and 142 mAh g(-1) at ambient and elevated temperature conditions, respectively. Furthermore, the Li0.995 V0.005 Ni0.5 Mn1.5 O4 phase rendered approximately 94 % and 84 % of initial capacity compared to approximately 85 % and 3 % for the LiNi0.5 Mn1.5 O4 phase after 100 cycles in ambient and elevated temperature conditions, respectively. The enhancements are mainly because of the suppression of Mn dissolution and unwanted side reaction with electrolyte counterpart, and to the increase in conductivity, improving the electrochemical profiles for the V-doped phase.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Applied Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwang-ju 500-757 (Korea).
authors.forename: Min Chul
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kyung-Wan
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.forename: Enyuan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Xiao-Qing
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Hyungsub
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kisuk
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Vanchiappan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Aravindan
authors.forename: Woo-Seong
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yun-Sung
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D060326:Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic; D011211:Electric Power Supplies; D004563:Electrochemistry; D004566:Electrodes; D005782:Gels; D008094:Lithium / Q000737:chemistry*; D008345:Manganese / Q000737:chemistry*; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature; D014639:Vanadium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005782:Gels; D014639:Vanadium; D008345:Manganese; D009532:Nickel; D008094:Lithium
keywords: batteries; electrochemistry; high-voltage cathode; lithium; sol-gel