title: Mesenchymal stem cells in immune-mediated bone marrow failure syndromes.
abstract: Immune-mediated bone marrow failure syndromes (BMFS) are characterized by ineffective marrow haemopoiesis and subsequent peripheral cytopenias. Ineffective haemopoiesis is the result of a complex marrow deregulation including genetic, epigenetic, and immune-mediated alterations in haemopoietic stem/progenitor cells, as well as abnormal haemopoietic-to-stromal cell interactions, with abnormal release of haemopoietic growth factors, chemokines, and inhibitors. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) and their progeny (i.e., osteoblasts, adipocytes, and reticular cells) are considered as key cellular components of the bone marrow haemopoietic niche. MSCs may interfere with haemopoietic as well as immune regulation. Evidence suggests that bone marrow MSCs may be involved in immune-mediated BMFS underlying pathophysiology, harboring either native abnormalities and/or secondary defects, caused by exposure to activated marrow components. This review summarizes previous as well as more recent information related to the biologic/functional characteristics of bone marrow MSCs in myelodysplastic syndromes, acquired aplastic anemia, and chronic idiopathic neutropenia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, University of Crete School of Medicine, 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
authors.forename: Maria-Christina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kastrinaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, University of Crete School of Medicine, 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
authors.forename: Konstantia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pavlaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, University of Crete School of Medicine, 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
authors.forename: Aristea K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Batsali
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, University of Crete School of Medicine, 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
authors.forename: Elisavet
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kouvidi
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, University of Crete School of Medicine, 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mavroudi
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, University of Crete School of Medicine, 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
authors.forename: Charalampos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pontikoglou
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, University of Crete School of Medicine, 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
authors.forename: Helen A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Papadaki
mesh_terms: D000741:Anemia, Aplastic / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D001855:Bone Marrow Diseases; D000080983:Bone Marrow Failure Disorders; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D006457:Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism