title: Remote ischemic perconditioning is effective after embolic stroke in ovariectomized female mice.
abstract: Remote ischemic conditioning is neuroprotective in young male rodents after experimental stroke. However, it has never been tested in females whom remain at higher risk of stroke injury after menopause. We tested remote ischemic perconditioning therapy (RIPerC) at 2 h after embolic stroke in ovariectomized (OVX) female mice with and without intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV-tPA) treatment. We assessed cerebral blood flow (CBF), neurobehavioral outcomes, infarction, hemorrhage, edema, and survival. RIPerC therapy with and without IV-tPA improved the CBF and neurobehavioral outcomes and reduced the infarction, hemorrhage, and edema significantly. Late IV-tPA alone at 4 h post-stroke neither improved the neurobehavior nor reduced the infarction but aggravated hemorrhage and mortality in OVX mice. RIPerC therapy prevented the increased mortality during late IV-tPA. Our study demonstrates for the first time that RIPerC therapy is effective in OVX females.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratory, Imaging and Radiologic Sciences, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA, mhoda@gru.edu.
authors.forename: Md Nasrul
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Hoda
authors.forename: Kanchan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bhatia
authors.forename: Sherif S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Hafez
authors.forename: Maribeth H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Shahneela
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Siddiqui
authors.forename: Adviye
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ergul
authors.forename: Syed Kashif
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Zaidi
authors.forename: Susan C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Fagan
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Hess
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000098:blood supply*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D019194:Ischemic Preconditioning; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010052:Ovariectomy; D020521:Stroke / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator