title: Antioxidative responses of Salvinia (Salvinia natans Linn.) to aluminium stress and it's modulation by polyamine.
abstract: Antioxidative stress response of free-floating aquatic fern (Salvinia natans Linn.) was studied under increasing toxic amount of aluminium (Al) and its modulation by exogenous application of polymaine. Increased levels of superoxide (O2 (-)) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) species from affected tissues suggested that plants were undergoing oxidative stress and it was concominant with increased accumulation of Al in a dose dependent manner. Application of polyamine like putrescine (Put) led to a decrease in oxidative stress as revealed by reduced level of O2 (-) and H2O2. Al toxicity resulted into decreased biomass that was ameliorated by the application of Put. The changes observed in lipid peroxidation (MDA) and protein oxidation also indicated that plats are undergoing Al induced oxidative stress. In order to circumvent the oxidative stress resulting from Al toxicity, plants enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant pathways were active. The ratio of both oxidized and reduced cellular glutathione exhibited significant variation in response to Al stress and was improved upon Put treatment. Peroxidase and glutathione were upregulated whereas catalse was downregulated under varying doses of Al. Isozyme profile of above enzymes also showed a trend with increasing amount of Al. The nuclear disintegration study using comet assay was indicative of Al induced oxidative stress. In the present study, we have explored the antioxidative response of aquatic fern Salvinia natans Linn in response to Al toxicity. The application of polyamine Put improved the overall antioxidative response and thus would make it a better candidate to be used as hyper accumulator of Al and other toxic metals.
authors.affiliation: Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Nadia, Kalyani, 741235 West Bengal India.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mandal
authors.affiliation: Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Nadia, Kalyani, 741235 West Bengal India.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.affiliation: Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Nadia, Kalyani, 741235 West Bengal India.
authors.forename: Saborni
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maiti
authors.affiliation: Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Nadia, Kalyani, 741235 West Bengal India.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Nadia, Kalyani, 741235 West Bengal India.
authors.forename: Sudha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Centre for Biotechnology, Visva Bharati University, Santiniketan, 731235 West Bengal India.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dey
authors.affiliation: Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Nadia, Kalyani, 741235 West Bengal India.
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Adak
keywords: Aluminium toxicity; Antioxidative enzymes; Comet assay; Polyamine; Reactive oxygen species; Salvinia sp.