title: Biochemical and genetic engineering of diatoms for polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis.
abstract: The role of diatoms as a source of bioactive compounds has been recently explored. Diatom cells store a high amount of fatty acids, especially certain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). However, many aspects of diatom metabolism and the production of PUFAs remain unclear. This review describes a number of technical strategies, such as modulation of environmental factors (temperature, light, chemical composition of culture medium) and culture methods, to influence the content of PUFAs in diatoms. Genetic engineering, a newly emerging field, also plays an important role in controlling the synthesis of fatty acids in marine microalgae. Several key points in the biosynthetic pathway of PUFAs in diatoms as well as recent progresses are also a critical part and are summarized here.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China. thyli@jnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hong-Ye
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China. biglvyangaa@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China. jwzheng89@126.com.
authors.forename: Jian-Wei
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China. tywd@jnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Wei-Dong
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China. ljs@jnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jie-Sheng
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D001698:Biomedical Engineering; D003470:Culture Media; D017377:Diatoms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D004777:Environment; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light; D058086:Microalgae; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated