title: Midlife determinants associated with sedentary behavior in old age.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sedentary behavior is associated with adverse health effects. Insights into associated determinants are essential to prevent sedentary behavior and limit health risks. Sedentary behavior should be viewed as a distinct health behavior; therefore, its determinants should be independently identified.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study examines the prospective associations between a wide range of midlife determinants and objectively measured sedentary time in old age.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from 565 participants (age 73-92 yr) of the AGESII-Reykjavik Study were used. Participants wore an accelerometer (ActiGraph GT3X) on the right hip for seven consecutive days. On average, 31 yr earlier (during midlife), demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle, and biomedical factors were collected. Linear regression models were used to examine prospective associations between midlife determinants and sedentary time (<100 counts per minute) in old age.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjustment for sex, age, follow-up time, minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity, body mass index, health status, mobility limitation, and joint pain in old age, the midlife determinants not being married, primary education, living in a duplex or living in an apartment (vs villa), being obese, and having a heart disease were associated with, on average, 15.3, 12.4, 13.5, 13.3, 21.8, and 38.9 sedentary minutes more per day in old age, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that demographic, socioeconomic, and biomedical determinants in midlife were associated with considerably more sedentary time per day in old age. These results can indicate the possibility of predicting sedentariness in old age, which could be used to identify target groups for prevention programs reducing sedentary time in older adults.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Social Medicine/CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, Maastricht, THE NETHERLANDS; 2Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, DENMARK; 3Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, ICELAND; 4Research Center of Movement Science, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, ICELAND; 5Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; 6Diabetes Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD; 7Center for Sport and Health Sciences, Iceland University of Education, Laugarvatn, ICELAND; 8University of Iceland, Reykjavik, ICELAND; 9Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, ICELAND; 10Department of Geriatrics, Landspitali National University Hospital, Reykjavik, ICELAND; and 11Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, THE NETHERLANDS.
authors.forename: Julianne D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: van der Berg
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bosma
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Caserotti
authors.forename: Gudny
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Eiriksdottir
authors.forename: Nanna Yr
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Arnardottir
authors.forename: Kathryn R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Brychta
authors.forename: Kong Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Thorarinn
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sveinsson
authors.forename: Erlingur
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Johannsson
authors.forename: Lenore J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Launer
authors.forename: Vilmundur
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gudnason
authors.forename: Palmi V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Jonsson
authors.forename: Coen D A
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Stehouwer
authors.forename: Tamara B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Annemarie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koster
mesh_terms: D056044:Actigraphy; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D017533:Marital Status; D009765:Obesity / Q000523:psychology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D012737:Sex Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors