title: GSTP1 gene Ile105Val polymorphism causes an elevated risk for bladder carcinogenesis in smokers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The glutathione S transferase (GST) family of enzymes plays a vital role in the phase II biotransformation of environmental carcinogens, pollutants, drugs and other xenobiotics. GSTs are polymorphic and polymorphisms in GST genes have been associated with cancer susceptibility and prognosis. GSTP1 is associated with risk of various cancers including bladder cancer. A case control study was conducted to determine the genotype distribution of GSTP1 A>G SNP, to elucidate the possible role of this SNP as a risk factor in urinary bladder cancer (UBC) development and to examine its correlation with clinico-pathologic variables inUBC cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR- RFLP) approach, we tested the genotype distribution of 180 bladder cancer patients in comparison with 210 cancer-free controls from the same geographical region with matched frequency in age and gender.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We did not observe significant genotype differences between the control and bladder cancer patients overall with an odds ratio (OR)=1.23 (p>0.05). The rare allele (AG+GG) was found to be present more in cases (28.3%) than in controls (24%), though the association was not significant (p<0.05). However, a significant risk of more than 2-fold was found for the variant allele (AG+GG) with smokers in cases as compared to controls (p>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thus, it is evident from our study that GSTP1 SNP is not implicated overall in bladder cancer, but that the rare, valine-related allele is connected with higher susceptibility to bladder cancer in smokers and also males.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Centre for Human Genetics, SKIMS, Srinagar, India E-mail : arshaajizskims@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Arshad Ahmad
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Pandith
authors.forename: Adil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lateef
authors.forename: Sheikh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shahnawaz
authors.forename: Aashaq
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.forename: Tahir Mohiuddin
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Malla
authors.forename: Niyaz
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Azad
authors.forename: Fahim
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shehjar
authors.forename: Mosin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salim
authors.forename: Zafar Amin
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Shah
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D063646:Carcinogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012306:Risk; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C496556:GSTP1 protein, human; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi