title: Coronary arterial development: a review of normal and congenitally anomalous patterns.
abstract: Coronary artery development is a delicate, complex, and finely tuned process that includes multiple interactions among many pathways, especially in the pericardium and the developing myocardium. There still exists some controversy on the exact origin of certain cellular components. Nevertheless, an understanding of this extremely important developmental process is paramount in identifying some of the causes of anomalous coronary development. There are different patterns of anomalous coronary arteries, with variable risk of myocardial ischemia, malignant arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. These anomalies can be broadly categorized into 2 basic anatomic subsets: those with origin of the anomalous coronary artery from the opposite aortic sinus, and those with origin of the anomalous coronary artery from the pulmonary artery. Diagnosis and management of such patterns continues to be challenging. A good knowledge of the normal and abnormal coronary artery development could potentially help us explore new avenues in the treatment of ischemic heart disease as well as anomalous coronary arteries.
authors.affiliation: Ahmanson/UCLA Adult Congenital Heart Disease Center, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Gentian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lluri
authors.forename: Jamil
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aboulhosn
mesh_terms: D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003330:Coronary Vessel Anomalies / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000196:embryology / Q000401:mortality; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000196:embryology; D006801:Humans; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000196:embryology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012850:Sinus of Valsalva / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000196:embryology