title: Multi-color imaging of fluorescent nanodiamonds in living HeLa cells using direct electron-beam excitation.
abstract: Multi-color, high spatial resolution imaging of fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) in living HeLa cells has been performed with a direct electron-beam excitation-assisted fluorescence (D-EXA) microscope. In this technique, fluorescent materials are directly excited with a focused electron beam and the resulting cathodoluminescence (CL) is detected with nanoscale resolution. Green- and red-light-emitting FNDs were employed for two-color imaging, which were observed simultaneously in the cells with high spatial resolution. This technique could be applied generally for multi-color immunostaining to reveal various cell functions.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Johoku, Naka, Hamamatsu 4328561 (Japan), Fax: (+81) 53-471-1128; Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda, Tokyo 1020083 (Japan).
authors.forename: Yasunori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nawa
authors.forename: Wataru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Inami
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Yoshimasa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawata
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Terakawa
authors.forename: Chia-Yi
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Huan-Cheng
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D002470:Cell Survival; D003116:Color; D004583:Electrons; D005453:Fluorescence; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D058612:Nanodiamonds / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D058612:Nanodiamonds
keywords: cathodoluminescence; electron microscopy; high spatial resolution; live-cell imaging; multi-color imaging