title: The role of metal components in the cardiovascular effects of PM2.5.
abstract: Exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) increases risks for cardiovascular disorders (CVD). However, the mechanisms and components responsible for the effects are poorly understood. Based on our previous murine exposure studies, a translational pilot study was conducted in female residents of Jinchang and Zhangye, China, to test the hypothesis that specific chemical component of PM2.5 is responsible for PM2.5 associated CVD. Daily ambient and personal exposures to PM2.5 and 35 elements were measured in the two cities. A total of 60 healthy nonsmoking adult women residents were recruited for measurements of inflammation biomarkers. In addition, circulating endothelial progenitor cells (CEPCs) were also measured in 20 subjects. The ambient levels of PM2.5 were comparable between Jinchang and Zhangye (47.4 and 54.5 µg/m(3), respectively). However, the levels of nickel, copper, arsenic, and selenium in Jinchang were 82, 26, 12, and 6 fold higher than Zhangye, respectively. The levels of C-reactive protein (3.44 ± 3.46 vs. 1.55 ± 1.13), interleukin-6 (1.65 ± 1.17 vs. 1.09 ± 0.60), and vascular endothelial growth factor (117.6 ± 217.0 vs. 22.7 ± 21.3) were significantly higher in Jinchang. Furthermore, all phenotypes of CEPCs were significantly lower in subjects recruited from Jinchang than those from Zhangye. These results suggest that specific metals may be important components responsible for PM2.5-induced cardiovascular effects and that the reduced capacity of endothelial repair may play a critical role.
authors.affiliation: Lanzhou University School of Public Health, Lanzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jingping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Eric N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Liberda
authors.affiliation: New York University College of Arts and Sciences, New York City, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.affiliation: Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China ;
authors.forename: Xinbiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Xiaomei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Lanzhou University School of Public Health, Lanzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jingjing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Lanzhou University School of Public Health, Lanzhou, China.
authors.forename: Junliang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Lanzhou University School of Public Health, Lanzhou, China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Lanzhou University School of Public Health, Lanzhou, China.
authors.forename: Nairong
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Mianhua
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wildman
authors.affiliation: Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China ;
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Lung Chi
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Qingshan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Qu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002452:Cell Count; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12 / Q000378:metabolism; D002947:Cities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004727:Endothelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008670:Metals / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D010316:Particle Size; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D008670:Metals; D052638:Particulate Matter; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A