title: N pro of Bungowannah virus exhibits the same antagonistic function in the IFN induction pathway than that of other classical pestiviruses.
abstract: Bungowannah virus is the most divergent atypical pestivirus that had been detected up to now, and does not fit into any of the four approved species: Bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 (BVDV-1) and type 2 (BVDV-2), Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and Border disease virus (BDV). However, the presence of N(pro) and E(rns) coding regions, which are unique to pestiviruses, provides clear evidence of a pestivirus. Nevertheless, the amino acid identity of Bungowannah virus N(pro) and BVDV-1 N(pro) (strain CP7) is only 51.5%. By using a BVDV-1 backbone, a novel chimeric construct was generated, in which the genomic region encoding the non-structural protein N(pro) was replaced by that of Bungowannah virus (CP7_N(pro)-Bungo). In vitro studies of CP7_N(pro)-Bungo revealed autonomous replication with the same efficacy as the BVDV backbone CP7 and infectious high-titer virus could be collected. In order to compare the ability of interferon (IFN) suppression, two reporter gene assays, specific for type-I IFN, were carried out. In virus-infected cells, no significant difference in blocking of IFN expression between the parental virus CP7, Bungowannah virus and the chimeric construct CP7_N(pro)-Bungo could be detected. In contrast, an N(pro) deletion mutant showed an impaired replication in bovine cells and a marked type-I IFN response. Taken together, our findings reveal the compatibility of non-structural protein N(pro) of atypical Bungowannah virus with a BVDV type 1 backbone and its characteristic feature as an inhibitor of type-I IFN induction with an inhibitor-activity comparable to other pestiviruses.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Richter
authors.affiliation: Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: König
authors.affiliation: Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
authors.forename: Ilona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Reimann
authors.affiliation: Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany. Electronic address: Martin.Beer@fli.bund.de.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beer
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D006692:Classical Swine Fever Virus / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology; D030241:Diarrhea Virus 1, Bovine Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology; D030242:Diarrhea Virus 2, Bovine Viral / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology; D004285:Dogs; D004947:Esophagus / Q000166:cytology; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000276:immunology; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000276:immunology*; D061985:Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010576:Pestivirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology*; D018182:Pestivirus Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D013552:Swine; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D007370:Interferon Type I; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins
keywords: Bungowannah virus; Interferon; N(pro); Pestivirus