title: Evaluation of corneal endothelium in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the systemic and local factors that contribute to the damage of endothelial cells in diabetic patients and to compare the endothelial structure of the cornea in diabetic and nondiabetic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The endothelial cell density (ECD) and central corneal thickness (CCT) were investigated in 123 eyes of type 1 diabetic patients and in 124 eyes of nondiabetic patients. The mean diabetic patients age was 15.34 ± 3.06 years versus 14.58 ± 2.01 years in the control group. The mean duration of diabetes was 8.02 ± 3.9 years. The corneal endothelium was imaged by the Topcon SP-2000P.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean ECD in diabetic eyes was 2435.55 ± 443.43 cells/mm(2) and was significantly lower than in control group (2970.75 ± 270.1 cells/mm(2)). The mean CCT was 0.55 ± 0.03 mm in diabetic group versus 0.53 ± 0.033 mm in control group. ECD and CCT significantly correlated only with duration of diabetes. There was no correlation between ECD and CCT and patient age, sex, HbA1C level, and plasma creatinine level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ECD is decreased and CCT is increased in children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus. Duration of diabetes is the factor that affects ECD and CCT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona Street 17, 15-274 Białystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Urban
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University, Mariana Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland.
authors.forename: Dorota
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Raczyńska
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona Street 17, 15-274 Białystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Alina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bakunowicz-Łazarczyk
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University, Mariana Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland.
authors.forename: Krystyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Raczyńska
authors.affiliation: Bialystok University of Technology, 45A Wiejska Street, 15-351 Białystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krętowska
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002452:Cell Count; D002648:Child; D003315:Cornea / Q000473:pathology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000473:pathology*; D004728:Endothelium, Corneal / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human