title: Immunopathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome with relapse.
abstract: Idiopathic change nephrotic syndrome (INS), the most frequent glomerular disease in children and young adults, is characterized by heavy proteinuria and a relapsing remitting course. Although the mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of proteinuria remain unclear, clinical and experimental observations suggest that lymphocyte and podocyte disturbances are two sides of the disease. The current hypothesis suggests that immune cells release a putative factor, which alters podocyte function resulting in nephrotic proteinuria. Besides T-cell abnormalities, recent evidence of B-cell depletion efficacy in sustained remissions added a new challenge in understanding the immunological mechanisms of INS. In this review, we discuss recent insights related to podocyte disorders occurring in INS and their relevance in human diseases.
authors.affiliation: Service de Néphrologie et Transplantation, AP-HP, CHU Henri Mondor, Creteil, 94010, France, dil.sahali@inserm.fr.
authors.forename: Djillali
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sahali
authors.forename: Kelhia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sendeyo
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mangier
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Audard
authors.forename: Shao Yu
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ollero
authors.forename: Andre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pawlak
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D050199:Podocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D013577:Syndrome; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology