title: Preventive effect of different toothpastes on enamel erosion: AFM and SEM studies.
abstract: The aim of the present in vitro study was the evaluation of new formulation toothpastes on preventing enamel erosion produced by a soft drink (Coca Cola), using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fifty enamel specimens were assigned to 10 groups of 5 specimens each. 1: intact enamel, 2: enamel + soft drink, 3: intact enamel + BioRepair Plus-Sensitive Teeth, 4: enamel + soft drink + BioRepair Plus-Sensitive Teeth, 5: intact enamel + BioRepair Plus-Total Protection, 6: enamel + soft drink + BioRepair Plus-Total Protection, group 7: intact enamel + Sensodyne Repair & Protect, 8: dentin + soft drink + Sensodyne Repair & Protect, 9: intact dentin + Colgate Sensitive Pro Relief, 10: dentin + soft drink + Colgate Sensitive Pro Relief. The surface of each specimen was imaged by AFM and SEM. The root mean-square roughness (Rrms ) was obtained from the AFM images and the differences in the averaged values among the groups were analyzed by ANOVA test. Comparing groups 4, 6, 8, 10 (soft drink + toothpastes) Colgate Sensitive Pro Relief promoted enamel remineralization, while BioRepair Plus-Sensitive Teeth, Biorepair Plus-Total Protection and Sensodyne Repair & Protect provided lower effectiveness in protecting enamel against erosion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  the use of new formulation toothpastes can prevent enamel demineralization.
authors.affiliation: Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lombardini
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ceci
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Colombo
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bianchi
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Poggio
mesh_terms: D001628:Beverages / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D013499:Surface Properties / Q000187:drug effects*; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D014100:Toothpastes
keywords: AFM; SEM; dentistry