title: Oxygen-glucose-deprived rat primary neural cells exhibit DJ-1 translocation into healthy mitochondria: a potent stroke therapeutic target.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  DJ-1 is a key redox-reactive neuroprotective protein implicated in regulation of oxidative stress after stroke. However, the molecular mechanism, especially the role of mitochondrial function, by which DJ-1 protects neural cells in stroke remains to be elucidated. The aim of this study was to reveal whether DJ-1 translocates into the mitochondria in exerting neuroprotection against oxidative stress. In particular, we examined DJ-1 secretion from primary rat neural cells (PRNCs) exposed to experimental stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary rat neural cells were exposed to the oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), an established in vitro stroke model, and DJ-1 translocation was measured by immunocytochemistry, and its secretion detected by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Under OGD, DJ-1 translocated into the healthy mitochondria, and significant levels of DJ-1 protein were detected. Treatment with anti-DJ-1 antibody reduced cell viability and mitochondrial activity, and increased glutathione level. Interestingly, OGD reversed the ratio of astrocyte/neuron cells (6/4 to 4/6).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Altogether, these results revealed that DJ-1 participates in the acute endogenous neuroprotection after stroke via the mitochondrial pathway. That DJ-1 was detected immediately after stroke and efficiently translocated into the mitochondria offer a new venue for developing neuroprotective and/or neurorestorative strategies against ischemic stroke.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tajiri
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shojo
authors.forename: Cesar V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Borlongan
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000473:pathology; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005947:Glucose / Q000172:deficiency*; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000378:metabolism*; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000071617:Protein Deglycase DJ-1; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; C404267:PARK7 protein, rat; D000071617:Protein Deglycase DJ-1; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Mitochondria; Neuroprotection; Oxidative stress; Stem cells; Stroke