title: Systemic risk factors for peri-implant bone loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the influence of patient-related systemic risk factors (systemic disease, genetic traits, chronic drug or alcohol consumption, and smoking status) on peri-implant bone loss at least 1 year after implant installation and prosthetic loading. An electronic search was performed of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials up to January 2012. One thousand seven hundred and sixty-three studies were identified. After applying a three-stage screening process, 17 articles were included in the qualitative analysis, but only 13 in the quantitative analysis, since smoking was a common exposure. The meta-analysis of these 13 studies (478 smokers and 1207 non-smokers) revealed a high level of heterogeneity and that smoking increases the annual rate of bone loss by 0.164 mm/year. Exposure to smoking had a harmful effect on peri-implant bone loss. However, the level of evidence for oral implant therapy in patients with systemic conditions is very low. Future studies should be improved in order to provide more robust data for clinical application.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, University "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Clementini
authors.affiliation: Oral Biology Program, Implantodontics, Sagrado Coração University, Bauru, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: P H O
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Rossetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Penarrocha
authors.affiliation: Independent Researcher, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Micarelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Bauru Dental School, Sao Paulo University, Bauru, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Bonachela
authors.affiliation: Independent Researcher, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: luigicanullo@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Canullo
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D006801:Humans; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants
keywords: bone loss; dental implants; meta-analysis; risk factors; smoking; systemic diseases