title: Metabolic syndrome prevalence and associations in a bariatric surgery cohort from the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery-2 study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Metabolic syndrome is associated with higher risk for cardiovascular disease, sleep apnea, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, all common conditions in patients referred for bariatric surgery, and it may predict early postoperative complications. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome, defined using updated National Cholesterol Education Program criteria, in adults undergoing bariatric surgery and compare the prevalence of baseline co-morbid conditions and select operative and 30-day postoperative outcomes by metabolic syndrome status.
  
  
  METHODS
  Complete metabolic syndrome data were available for 2275 of 2458 participants enrolled in the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery-2 (LABS-2), an observational cohort study designed to evaluate long-term safety and efficacy of bariatric surgery in obese adults.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 79.9%. Compared to those without metabolic syndrome, those with metabolic syndrome were significantly more likely to be men, to have a higher prevalence of diabetes and prior cardiac events, to have enlarged livers and higher median levels of liver enzymes, a history of sleep apnea, and a longer length of stay after surgery following laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and gastric sleeves but not open RYGB or laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding. Metabolic syndrome status was not significantly related to duration of surgery or rates of composite end points of intraoperative events and 30-day major adverse surgical outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nearly four in five participants undergoing bariatric surgery presented with metabolic syndrome. Establishing a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in bariatric surgery patients may identify a high-risk patient profile, but does not in itself confer a higher risk for short-term adverse postsurgery outcomes.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon.
authors.forename: Jonathan Q
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Purnell
authors.forename: Faith
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Selzer
authors.forename: Mark D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Berk
authors.forename: Anita P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Courcoulas
authors.forename: William B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Inabnet
authors.forename: Wendy C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pender
authors.forename: Alfons
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pomp
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Raum
authors.forename: Beth
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schrope
authors.forename: Kristine J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Steffen
authors.forename: Bruce M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Wolfe
authors.forename: Emma J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Patterson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D050110:Bariatric Surgery / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence