title: Targeting NOS as a therapeutic approach for heart failure.
abstract: Nitric oxide is a key signaling molecule in the heart and is produced endogenously by three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase, neuronal NOS (NOS1), endothelial NOS (NOS3), and inducible NOS (NOS2). Nitric oxide signals via cGMP-dependent or independent pathways to modulate downstream proteins via specific post translational modifications (i.e. cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation, S-nitrosylation, etc.). Dysfunction of NOS (i.e. altered expression, location, coupling, activity, etc.) exists in various cardiac disease conditions, such as heart failure, contributing to the contractile dysfunction, adverse remodeling, and hypertrophy. This review will focus on the signaling pathways of each NOS isoform during health and disease, and discuss current and potential therapeutic approaches targeting nitric oxide signaling to treat heart disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, USA.
authors.forename: Lifei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, USA.
authors.forename: Honglan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, USA. Electronic address: ziolo.1@osu.edu.
authors.forename: Mark T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Ziolo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology; D006801:Humans; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III
keywords: Arrhythmia; Contraction; Hypertrophy; Nitroso-redox balance; S-nitrosylation; cGMP