title: Erosion/abrasion-preventing potential of NaF and F/Sn/chitosan toothpastes in dentine and impact of the organic matrix.
abstract: The study investigated the erosion/abrasion-preventing potential of experimental NaF (1,400 ppm F(-)) and amine fluoride (AmF)/NaF/SnCl2/chitosan (1,400 ppm F(-), 3,500 ppm Sn(2+), 0.5% chitosan) toothpastes relative to placebo and SnF2 gel (970 ppm F(-), 3,000 ppm Sn(2+)), and the impact of the demineralised dentine matrix on toothpaste effects. The study was a cyclic erosion/intervention experiment (10 days). Samples were stored in mineral salt solution either without or with collagenase (from Clostridium histolyticum type VII; 100 U/ml) for continuous removal of the organic matrix. To produce a comparable order of tissue loss, erosion was performed 6 × 30 s/day with 0.5% citric acid in the latter and 6 × 90 s/day with 1% citric acid in the former. Intervention was toothpaste slurry immersion (2 × 2 min/day); half of the samples were additionally brushed for 15 s within this time (brushing machine, load 200 g). Tissue loss was determined profilometrically (mean ± SD; µm). Tissue loss values (without/with brushing) for placebo, NaF, AmF/NaF/SnCl2/chitosan and SnF2 gel, respectively, were 11.6 ± 3.1/12.2 ± 2.5, 12.7 ± 3.1/10.7 ± 4.5, 8.7 ± 2.1/9.7 ± 2.1 and 8.8 ± 1.8/​10.9 ± 1.8 in the presence of the organic matrix and 10.7 ± 3.2/11.9 ± 2.1, 8.2 ± 4.0/10.1 ± 4.1, 8.7 ± 2.9/9.1 ± 1.8 and 8.4 ± 1.9/7.5 ± 1.5 in the absence of the organic matrix. Relative to placebo, the NaF formulation had no significant effects; the AmF/NaF/SnCl2/chitosan formulation significantly reduced tissue loss between 20 and 25% except when applied without brushing in the absence of the organic matrix. The effects of the formulations were similar both in the presence and absence of the organic matrix. Sn(2+)/F(-)-​containing formulations have the potential to reduce erosion/abrasion even in the absence of demineralised collagen; seeking for more effective formulations is desirable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Dental Clinic of the Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ganss
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Klimek
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schlueter
mesh_terms: D000588:Amines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D048271:Chitosan / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000009:adverse effects; D017364:Collagenases / Q000494:pharmacology; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D010919:Placebos; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017971:Tin Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014002:Tin Fluorides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014072:Tooth Abrasion / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology; D014077:Tooth Erosion / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000588:Amines; D002614:Chelating Agents; D010919:Placebos; D020011:Protective Agents; D017971:Tin Compounds; D014002:Tin Fluorides; D014100:Toothpastes; C023599:stannous chloride; D019343:Citric Acid; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D048271:Chitosan; D017364:Collagenases