title: Cell rescue by nanosequestration: reduced cytotoxicity of an environmental remediation residue, Mg(OH)2 nanoflake/Cr(VI) adduct.
abstract: Some nanomaterials, such as Mg(OH)2 nanoflakes, are heavily used in pollutant adsorption and removal. Residues from these environmental remediations are potential hazardous materials. Safety evaluations of these materials are needed for environmental protection and human health. Although nanotoxicity has been widely investigated in recent years, research on the toxicity of nanoparticle/pollutant adducts has been rather inadequate. Here, we report the cellular perturbations and cytotoxicity of nano-Mg(OH)2/Cr(VI) adducts as a case study to elucidate how nanoparticle/pollutant adducts impact human cells. We found that Mg(OH)2 nanoflakes barely enter cells, while desorbed Cr(VI) anions enter cells, generate ROS, induce cell apoptosis, and cause cytotoxicity. This cytotoxicity is only a fraction of the cytotoxicity of free Cr(VI) because nano-Mg(OH)2 particles are able to retain more than half of their Cr(VI) anions.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University , Jinan 250100, China.
authors.forename: Ruinan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Shumei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.forename: Qingxin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.forename: Jingfu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Guangbo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.forename: Guibin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002857:Chromium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D008276:Magnesium Hydroxide / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D049329:Nanostructures; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D002857:Chromium; C074702:chromium hexavalent ion; D008276:Magnesium Hydroxide