title: Clinical presentations in immune thrombocytopenic purpura.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Thrombocytopenia is an important cause of mucocutanaeous bleeding in adult and paediatric patients. Immune thrombocytopenia is one of the common causes of thrombocytopenia. Its clinical presentations vary from patient to patient, not studied in our area previously. The present study was planned to see the frequency of clinical presentations of Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) in our patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective study was conducted on 125 patients with ITP, diagnosed by exclusion of secondary causes of thrombocytopenia. Bone marrow examination was performed on all the patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bruising, epistaxis and gum bleeding were the commonest clinical presentations in adults and children. Bleeding was more severe in acute cases. Increased menstrual bleeding was seen in female patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bruising, epistaxis and gum bleeding are the commonest clinical presentations of ITP. Our results are not much different from those of the other studies conducted in Pakistan.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Jamila
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Farid
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Nasreen
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gul
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Waqar-Ur-Rehman
authors.initials: WU
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Idris
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010154:Pakistan; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016553:Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic / Q000175:diagnosis*