title: Evaluation of 25(OH) Vitamin D3 with Reference to Magnesium Status and Insulin Resistance in T2DM.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Calcium is a recognized second messenger implicated in insulin secretion. Vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, Calcitriol) plays a role in calcium metabolism. This explains the indirect role of Vitamin D in insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity. Hence, low Vitamin D levels are implicated in decreased insulin secretion and increased insulin resistance. In this study, we tried to find out the probable association of Vitamin D3, calcium and magnesium with reference to insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) cases. It is well documented that measurement of circulating 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol {25 (OH)Vitamin D3} is a marker of total Vitamin D status.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured 25(OH) Vitamin D3 levels in thirty T2DM subjects with thirty age and sex matched healthy controls. We estimated Vitamin D status, calcium and magnesium levels in the light of insulin resistance. Insulin resistance was measured by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty five (OH) Vitamin-D3 level was significantly low among T2DM cases (12.29+2.32ng/ml) in comparison to healthy controls (19.55+0.50ng/ml) (p<0.01). The levels of calcium and magnesium were also significantly low in T2DM cases as compared to healthy controls (p<0.01). There was significant negative correlation between Vitamin D status and insulin levels, and insulin resistance (p<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A significant negative correlation between Vitamin D status and insulin levels suggest that the supplementation of Vitamin D has the potential to increase insulin sensitivity and lower the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute , Pondicherry, India .
authors.forename: Mahendra Bhauraoji
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Gandhe
authors.affiliation: Intern, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute , Pondicherry, India .
authors.forename: Keerthi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.affiliation: Private Dental Practitioner , Pondicherry, India .
authors.forename: Swapnali Mahendra
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Gandhe
keywords: Hypovitaminosis D; Insulin resistance; Sunshine vitamin; Twenty five (OH) Vitamin D3