title: Preliminary application of high-definition computed tomographic Gemstone Spectral Imaging in lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the feasibility of multiparameter quantitative measurement lung cancer by Gemstone Spectral Imaging (GSI) high-definition computed tomography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-seven patients who were found to have a lung mass or a nodule by CT plain scan for the first time received chest contrast CT scan with GSI mode on high-definition computed tomography. The GSI viewer was used to display the spectral curve, iodine-based images, water-based images, and 101 sets of monochromatic images of a selected region of interest from the relative homogeneous area of the mass or nodule. Iodine concentration, water concentration, spectral curve slope, and CT values at 40 keV of the region of interest were measured. Finally, 68 eligible patients were divided into a pneumonia group (n = 24) and a malignant tumor group (n = 44, including squamous carcinoma, n = 29, and adenocarcinoma, n = 15).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences existed in iodine concentration (t = 6.459), spectral curve slope (t = 6.276), and CT values at 40 keV (t = 6.698) between the pneumonia group and the malignant tumor group (P < 0.05), as well as between squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma (t = 6.494, 5.634, 6.091, respectively, P < 0.05), whereas water concentrations were found to have no difference between the 2 groups (t = 0.082, P > 0.05) and between the 2 types of malignant tumors (t = 1.234, P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High-definition computed tomographic GSI technique might be helpful to differentiate lung cancer from lung benign lesions by providing qualitative and quantitative information.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Radiology, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Guangli
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chengqi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Mingying
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003287:Contrast Media; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media