title: Malignancy as a risk factor in single-stage combined approach for simultaneous elective surgical diseases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify morbidity and mortality risk factors in patients with synchronous diseases who underwent single-stage combined (SSC) surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  We considered data of 328 patients, each with multiple, elective, synchronous surgical problems treated by a SSC operation. By univariate and multivariate analysis we evaluated many patient-, disease - or treatment-related variables with respect to post-operative mortality, morbidity, and hospital stay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two combined procedures were synchronously performed in 283 patients (86%), 3 combined procedures in 45 patients (14%). Post-operative mortality and morbidity rates were 3% and 24%, respectively, and median duration of hospital stay was 9 days. The occurrence of a surgical oncology procedure emerged as the most important independent risk factor for post-operative mortality and morbidity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The safety of SSC surgery for the treatment of synchronous problems appears similar to that of multi-stage procedures. The understanding of risk factors for this surgical approach could be useful in order to improve patient selection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Insubria - Varese, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rausei
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Insubria - Varese, Italy.
authors.forename: Corrado
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chiappa
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Insubria - Varese, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Franchin
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Insubria - Varese, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Amico
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Insubria - Varese, Italy.
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Galli
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Insubria - Varese, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rovera
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Insubria - Varese, Italy.
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Boni
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Insubria - Varese, Italy.
authors.forename: Gianlorenzo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dionigi
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Insubria - Varese, Italy.
authors.forename: Renzo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dionigi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015897:Comorbidity; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Combined approach; Malignancy; Risk factors; Simultaneous surgical diseases; Single-stage surgery