title: Grandparents caring for grandchildren in China and Korea: findings from CHARLS and KLoSA.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To provide an overview of the prevalence and profiles of grandparents providing childcare to grandchildren in 2 East Asian countries, China and South Korea, characterized by similar demographic developments and a shared cultural background but having very different contemporary institutional and socioeconomic circumstances.
  
  
  METHODS
  We apply logistic models to analyze pilot data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA; Wave 2). Our analytic sample comprises 772 Chinese respondents and 4,958 Korean respondents aged 45-79.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proportions of grandparents providing childcare to grandchildren differ considerably between China (58%) and South Korea (6%). Still, the determinants of grandparents' involvement in childcare (e.g., age, geographic proximity) are fairly similar in both countries. However, financial support from adult children to grandparents is found to be significant in China only, whereas Korean grandparents exhibit a greater propensity to care for their (employed) daughters' children than for their sons' children.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our analysis suggests that in South Korea, patrilineal considerations may begin to lose some of their importance in shaping downward functional solidarity between generations and that instead (grand-)children's actual needs, particularly those related to maternal employment, receive more attention. We find no such evidence in our Chinese sample.
authors.affiliation: Research Training Group SOCLIFE and.
authors.forename: Pei-Chun
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sociology and Social Psychology, University of Cologne, Germany. hank@wiso.uni-koeln.de.
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hank
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002654:Child Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002668:Child Rearing / Q000208:ethnology*; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016901:Intergenerational Relations / Q000208:ethnology*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000208:ethnology; D012737:Sex Factors
keywords: Childcare; East Asia; Grandparenting; Intergenerational support.