title: Trends in reported syphilis and gonorrhea among HIV-infected people in Arizona: implications for prevention and control.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  HIV and sexually transmitted disease (STD) surveillance patterns in Arizona suggested the need for integrated data analyses to identify trends.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compiled all HIV/AIDS cases diagnosed from 1998 to 2008 that were reported in Arizona and syphilis or gonorrhea cases diagnosed from 1998 to 2008 in Arizona. We used deterministic matching to identify individuals who were diagnosed with HIV and one or more STDs, and calculated time intervals between diagnoses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 23,940 people with HIV/AIDS reported from 1998 to 2008, 1,899 (2.6%) had at least one syphilis or gonorrhea diagnosis from 1998 to 2008. Approximately 85% of these cases reported male-to-male sexual contact. Among males with syphilis, HIV coinfection increased from 0.5% in 1998 to 29.1% in 2008. Among males with gonorrhea, HIV coinfection increased from 2.0% in 1998 to 3.1% in 2008. Among HIV cases diagnosed from 2004 to 2008 and reported with at least one syphilis or gonorrhea diagnosis, the majority of syphilis cases (76.1%) were diagnosed at or after HIV diagnosis, whereas a majority of gonorrhea cases (54.9%) were diagnosed prior to HIV diagnosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of the deterministic matching method identified increases in STD infections among HIV-infected people. The routine performance of this cross-matching method may be a useful tool in identifying these high-risk individuals so that targeted partner services and appropriate care referrals may be used in a timely fashion.
authors.affiliation: Arizona Department of Health Services, HIV Surveillance Program, Phoenix, AZ.
authors.forename: Julia M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Skinner
authors.affiliation: Arizona Department of Health Services, HIV Surveillance Program, Phoenix, AZ.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Distefano
authors.affiliation: Arizona Department of Health Services, HIV Surveillance Program, Phoenix, AZ.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Warrington
authors.affiliation: Arizona Department of Health Services, HIV Surveillance Program, Phoenix, AZ.
authors.forename: S Robert
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ.
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Winscott
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of STD Prevention, Atlanta, GA ; Arizona Department of Health Services, STD Control Program, Phoenix, AZ.
authors.forename: Melanie M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001130:Arizona / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D060085:Coinfection / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006069:Gonorrhea / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012737:Sex Factors; D013587:Syphilis / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D055815:Young Adult