title: Optimized protocol for retinal wholemount preparation for imaging and immunohistochemistry.
abstract: Working with delicate tissue can be a complicating factor when performing immunohistochemical assessment. Here, we present a method that utilizes a ring-supported hydrophilized PTFE membrane to provide structural support to both living and fixed tissue during immunohistochemical processing, which allows for the use of a variety of protocols that would otherwise cause damage to the tissue. First, this is demonstrated with bolus loading of fluorescent markers into living retinal tissue. This method allows for quick visualization of targeted structures, while the membrane support maintains tissue integrity during the injection and allows for easy transfer of the preparation for further imaging or processing. Second, a procedure for antibody staining in tissue fixed with carbodiimide is described. Though paraformaldehyde fixation is more common, carbodiimide fixation provides a superior substrate for the visualization of synaptic proteins. A limitation of carbodiimide is that the resulting fixed tissue is relatively fragile; however, this is overcome with the use of the supporting membrane. Retinal tissue is used to demonstrate these techniques, but they may be applied to any fragile tissue.
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ivanova
authors.forename: Abduqodir H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Toychiev
authors.forename: Christopher W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Yee
authors.forename: Botir T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Sagdullaev
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002234:Carbodiimides / Q000737:chemistry; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000737:chemistry; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D051379:Mice; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene / Q000737:chemistry; D012160:Retina / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D013569:Synapses / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D016707:Tissue Fixation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D002234:Carbodiimides; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011108:Polymers; D005557:Formaldehyde; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene; C003043:paraform