title: Development and properties of genetically encoded pH sensors in plants.
abstract: Fluorescent proteins (FPs) have given access to a large choice of live imaging techniques and have thereby profoundly modified our view of plant cells. Together with technological improvement of imaging, they have opened the possibility to monitor physico-chemical changes within cells. For this purpose, a new generation of FPs has been engineered. For instance, pHluorin, a point mutated version of green fluorescent protein, allows to get local pH estimates. In this paper, we will describe how genetically encoded sensors can be used to measure pH in the microenvironment of living tissues and subsequently discuss the role of pH in (i) exocytosis, (ii) ion uptake by plant roots, (iii) cell growth, and (iv) protein trafficking.
authors.affiliation: Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes, UMR 5004 CNRS/UMR 0386 INRA/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier 2 Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martinière
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Tropical and Mediterranean Symbioses (UMR113, Université Montpellier 2, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Cirad Montpellier SupAgro, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), Université Montpellier 2 Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Guilhem
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Desbrosses
authors.affiliation: Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes, UMR 5004 CNRS/UMR 0386 INRA/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier 2 Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Hervé
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sentenac
authors.affiliation: Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes, UMR 5004 CNRS/UMR 0386 INRA/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier 2 Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Nadine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Paris
keywords: GFP; acidic gowth theory; endomembrane trafficking; ion transport; pH; pHluorin; vacuoles