title: Combination of in ovo electroporation and time-lapse imaging to study migrational events in chicken embryos.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  During embryonic development cell migration plays a principal role in several processes. In past decades, many studies were performed to investigate migrational events, occurring during embryonic organogenesis, neurogenesis, gliogenesis or myogenesis, just to name a few. Although different common techniques are already used for this purpose, one of their major limitations is the static character. However, cell migration is a sophisticated and highly dynamic process, wherefore new appropriate technologies are required to investigate this event in all its complexity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Here we report a novel approach for dynamic analysis of cell migration within embryonic tissue. We combine the modern transfection method of in ovo electroporation with the use of tissue slice culture and state-of-the-art imaging techniques, such as confocal laser scanning microscopy or spinning disc confocal microscopy, and thus, develop a method to study live the migration of myogenic precursors in chicken embryos. The conditions and parameters used in this study allow long-term imaging for up to 24 hr. Our protocol can be easily adapted for investigations of a variety of other migrational events and provides a novel conception for dynamic analysis of migration during embryonic development.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Anatomy, Department of Anatomy and Molecular Embryology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: Maryna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Masyuk
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Morosan-Puopolo
authors.forename: Beate
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brand-Saberi
authors.forename: Carsten
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Theiss
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D002642:Chick Embryo; D018274:Electroporation / Q000379:methods*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal / Q000379:methods; D010063:Ovum / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*
keywords: Rose chamber; confocal laser scanning microscopy; spinning disc confocal microscopy; tissue slice cultures