title: Genetic variability, evidence of potential recombinational event and selection of LEI0258 in chicken.
abstract: The chicken major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays an important role in the immune response, disease resistance, productivity, and other important economic traits of the chicken. Therefore, a description of the polymorphisms of this region is crucial for understanding the genetic pattern of the MHC. The tandem repeat LEI0258 is located within the B region of the chicken MHC and is surprisingly strongly associated with serology. This marker has been used worldwide to provide a picture of the core area of the chicken MHC-B region and to categorize chicken MHC haplotypes. Thus, insight into the evolutionary pattern of LEI0258 may be useful for understanding MHC diversity. In the current study, 30 alleles of LEI0258 from 12 populations were screened and sequenced, and alleles that have previously been published in GenBank were also analyzed. The resulting 124 alleles were classified into four clusters according to the SNPs and indels found within the sequences flanking the repeats. Furthermore, a recombination region was identified between -30 and +43 that suggests that recombination may have played a role in the evolution of this MHC. Finally, strong evidence regarding the selection and evolutionary dynamics of the LEI0258 region is presented. Generally speaking, microsatellite is a classic anonymous marker which changes by genetic drift rather than by direct selection. Although, the genotypes of LEI0258 in MHC-B correlate with serology, its mechanism of inheritance and evolution was unclear. This study not only establishes a framework of further diversity or association studies in LEI0258, but also unraveling the reason what driving force and formulate the evolutionary dynamics of this region.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100193, China. Electronic address: eguangxin@126.com.
authors.forename: Guangxin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: E
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100193, China.
authors.forename: Rinai
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sha
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100193, China.
authors.forename: Shengcheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100193, China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University (GAU), Lanzhou 730070, China.
authors.forename: Jianfei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100193, China.
authors.forename: Jianlin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000235:genetics*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005819:Genetic Markers; D014644:Genetic Variation; D008285:Major Histocompatibility Complex / Q000235:genetics*; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D020080:Tandem Repeat Sequences
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers
keywords: AK; Anak, China chicken; BAN; Chicken; Desi, Pakistan chicken; Evolution; HL; HN; Hailanhe, China chicken; Huining, China chicken; JN; Jingning, China chicken; LEI0258; MHC; MHC-B; MQ; Madang Papua New Guinea chicken population 1; Madang Papua New Guinea chicken population 2; Major histocompatibility complex; Minqin, China chicken; Mymensingh, Bangladesh Chicken; PKD; PML; PMa; PPo; Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea chicken; QI; RIS; Rhode Island Red, Korea chicken; major histocompatibility complex; major histocompatibility complex B region