title: The role of interferon induced with helicase C domain 1 (IFIH1) in the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic, progressive, autoimmune disease characterized by metabolic decompensation frequently leading to dehydration and ketoacidosis. Viral pathogens seem to play a major role in triggering the autoimmune destruction that leads to the development of T1DM. Among several viral strains investigated so far, enteroviruses have been consistently associated with T1DM in humans. One of the mediators of viral damage is the double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) generated during replication and transcription of viral RNA and DNA. The IFIH1 gene encodes a cytoplasmic receptor of the pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) family that recognizes dsRNA, playing a role in the innate immune response triggered by viral infection. Binding of dsRNA to this PRR triggers the release of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interferons (IFNs), which exhibit potent antiviral activity, protecting uninfected cells and inducing apoptosis of infected cells. The IFIH1 gene appears to play a major role in the development of some autoimmune diseases, and it is, therefore, a candidate gene for T1DM. Within this context, the objective of the present review was to address the role of IFIH1 in the development of T1DM.
authors.forename: Ana Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Bouças
authors.forename: Fernanda dos Santos de
authors.initials: Fdos S
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Luis Henrique
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Canani
authors.forename: Daisy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Crispim
mesh_terms: D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics*; D000072640:Interferon-Induced Helicase, IFIH1; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: C452815:IFIH1 protein, human; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases; D000072640:Interferon-Induced Helicase, IFIH1