title: Space closure in the maxillary posterior area through the maxillary sinus.
abstract: A common dilemma in adult orthodontic treatment is deciding how best to treat missing posterior teeth. One treatment option is to orthodontically close the space. But closure can be difficult, especially if the open space is in the maxillary posterior area, because tooth movement through the maxillary sinus is limited. The increased difficulty of moving teeth in the maxillary sinus is similar to moving a tooth in the atrophic posterior mandibular ridge. If space closure is selected as a treatment method, proper mechanics and light forces should be applied. In this article, we report movement of teeth through the maxillary sinus and discuss various implications related to orthodontic treatment in the maxillary sinus.
authors.affiliation: Associate professor and chair, Postgraduate Orthodontic Program, Arizona School of Dentistry & Oral Health, A. T. Still University, Mesa, Aria; adjunct professor, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address: JPark@atsu.edu.
authors.forename: Jae Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Visiting adjunct assistant professor, Postgraduate Orthodontic Program, Arizona School of Dentistry & Oral Health, A. T. Still University, Mesa, Ariz; private practice, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.affiliation: Private practice, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kanao
authors.affiliation: Private practice, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takagi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000473:pathology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000628:therapy; D008437:Maxilla / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D008963:Molar / Q000473:pathology; D052280:Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation; D019516:Orthodontic Space Closure / Q000379:methods*; D057887:Overbite / Q000628:therapy; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D016388:Tooth Loss / Q000628:therapy