title: The effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on quadriceps strength and knee function in professional soccer players: return to sport after ACL reconstruction.
abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the clinical efficacy and safety of NMES program applied in male soccer players (after ACL reconstruction) on the quadriceps muscle. The 80 participants (NMES = 40, control = 40) received an exercise program, including three sessions weekly. The individuals in NMES group additionally received neuromuscular electrical stimulation procedures on both right and left quadriceps (biphasic symmetric rectangular pulses, frequency of impulses: 2500 Hz, and train of pulses frequency: 50 Hz) three times daily (3 hours of break between treatments), 3 days a week, for one month. The tensometry, muscle circumference, and goniometry pendulum test (follow-up after 1 and 3 months) were applied. The results of this study show that NMES (in presented parameters in experiment) is useful for strengthening the quadriceps muscle in soccer athletes. There is an evidence of the benefit of the NMES in restoring quadriceps muscle mass and strength of soccer players. In our study the neuromuscular electrical stimulation appeared to be safe for biomechanics of knee joint. The pathological changes in knee function were not observed. This trial is registered with Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12613001168741.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy Basics, Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Mikolowska Street 72, 40-065 Katowice, Poland ; Department of Medical Biophysics, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Medykow Street 18, 40-752 Katowice, Poland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Taradaj
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Public Higher Professional Medical School in Opole, Katowicka Street 68, 40-060 Opole, Poland.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Halski
authors.affiliation: Department of Descriptive and Topographic Anatomy, Medical University of Silesia in Zabrze, Jordana Street 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kucharzewski
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy Basics, Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Mikolowska Street 72, 40-065 Katowice, Poland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Walewicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy Basics, Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Mikolowska Street 72, 40-065 Katowice, Poland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Smykla
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy Basics, Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Mikolowska Street 72, 40-065 Katowice, Poland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ozon
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Public Higher Professional Medical School in Opole, Katowicka Street 68, 40-060 Opole, Poland ; Department of Physiotherapy, University of Medicine in Wroclaw, Grunwaldzka Street 2, 50-355 Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Slupska
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Public Higher Professional Medical School in Opole, Katowicka Street 68, 40-060 Opole, Poland ; Department of Nervous System Diseases, University of Medicine in Wroclaw, Bartla Street 5, 51-618 Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dymarek
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Public Higher Professional Medical School in Opole, Katowicka Street 68, 40-060 Opole, Poland ; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Medicine in Wroclaw, Bartla Street 5, 51-618 Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ptaszkowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Public Higher Professional Medical School in Opole, Katowicka Street 68, 40-060 Opole, Poland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rajfur
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Public Higher Professional Medical School in Opole, Katowicka Street 68, 40-060 Opole, Poland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pasternok
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D056352:Athletes; D001315:Australia; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology; D052097:Quadriceps Muscle / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D012916:Soccer / Q000502:physiology*