title: [Effect of emodin lipid nano-microbubble on MAPK signal pathway and inflammation cytokine in AT-II cells by mechanical stretch].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of emodin lipid nano-microbubble on MAPK signaling pathway and the level of inflammation cytokine in AT-II cells induced by mechanical stretch and its mechanism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Emodin nanofibers, prepared by electrospinning with lecithin and PVP as carrier, were put into a seal bottle full of perfluoropropane, after they mixed with water and turned into self-assembled nano-microbubble. AT-II cells, separated and purified from primary rat AT-II cells, suffered 20% mechanical stretch for 4, 8, 16, 24, 48 h, and its protein expressions of p-P38/P38, p-ERK/ERK, p-JNK/JNK and the inflammation cytokine release levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6 were detected by Western-Blot and ELISA. And further oberved the intervention effect of emodin lipid nano-microbubble on VILI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The protein expressions of p-P38, p-ERK, p-JNK were significantly increased in AT-II cells induced by mechanical stretch, and continuously evaluated from the 4-16 h, but the protein expressions of p38, ERK, JNK had no significant difference. The release levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6 in AT-II cells had no change during 8 h, and they were gradually increased significantly in followed 16 h. In AT-II cells induced by mechanical stretch, due to intervention effect of emodin lipid nano-microbubble, the the protein expressions of p-P38, p-ERK, p-JNK and the inflammation cytokine release levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6 were significantly decreased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Emodin lipid nano-microbubble shows protective effect on AT-II cells induced by mechanical stretch (VILI), and its mechanism may be related to down-regulation of protein expression of MAPK signaling pathway to regulate the release levels of inflammatory cytokine.
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Food and Drug Vocationl College, Guangzhou 510520, China. jiangyn@gdyzy.edu.cn
authors.forename: Yong-Nan
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease/First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Ying
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Food and Drug Vocationl College, Guangzhou 510520, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ren
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004642:Emodin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D007378:Interleukins / Q000378:metabolism; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D045423:Microbubbles; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D053758:Nanoparticles; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000166:cytology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D055397:Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007378:Interleukins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D004642:Emodin