title: A Test of Biosocial Models of Adolescent Cigarette and Alcohol Involvement.
abstract: We tested biosocial models that posit interactions between biological variables (testosterone, estradiol, pubertal status, and pubertal timing) and social context variables (family, peer, school, and neighborhood) in predicting adolescent involvement with cigarettes and alcohol in a sample of 409 adolescents in grades 6 and 8. Models including the biological and contextual variables and their interactions explained significantly more variance in adolescent cigarette and alcohol involvement than did models including only the main effects of the biological and contextual variables. Post-hoc analyses of significant interactions suggested that, in most case, moderation occurred in the hypothesized direction. Consistent with dual hazards models of adolescent antisocial behaviors, the relationships between the biological and substance use variables became positive and stronger as the context became more harmful. Considerations of adolescent substance use, and perhaps other problem behaviors, should recognize the possible role of biological variables and how their influence may vary by social context.
authors.affiliation: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
authors.forename: Vangie A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Foshee
authors.affiliation: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
authors.forename: Susan T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Ennett
authors.affiliation: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, RTI International, and Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation.
authors.forename: Karl E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Bauman
authors.affiliation: Pennsylvania State University.
authors.forename: Douglas A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Granger
authors.affiliation: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
authors.forename: Thad
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Benefield
authors.affiliation: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
authors.forename: Chirayath
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Suchindran
authors.affiliation: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
authors.forename: Andrea M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Hussong
authors.affiliation: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
authors.forename: Katherine J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Karriker-Jaffe
authors.affiliation: Wake Forest University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Durant
keywords: adolescent alcohol use; adolescent cigarette use; biosocial models; hormones