title: Usefulness of abdominal ultrasonography with studies of the intestinal loops in Turner syndrome patients.
abstract: Turner syndrome, a chromosomal disorder caused by partial or complete absence of one of the two X chromosomes, is characterized by an increased incidence (compared with that in the normal population) of either autoimmune disorders, including chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, or angiodysplasia of the small intestine. Because ultrasonography and color Doppler ultrasound are widely used to investigate gastrointestinal disorders, we decided to carry out an ultrasound-based screening study in patients with Turner syndrome to determine whether this method might be useful in the follow-up of this population.
authors.affiliation: Medicina Interna I, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S, Policlinico San Matteo-Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Maffè
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Pediatria, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S, Policlinico San Matteo-Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Calcaterra
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Pediatria, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S, Policlinico San Matteo-Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Toglia
authors.affiliation: Medicina Interna I, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S, Policlinico San Matteo-Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Formagnana
authors.affiliation: Medicina Interna I, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S, Policlinico San Matteo-Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Miceli
authors.affiliation: Medicina Interna I, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S, Policlinico San Matteo-Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Corazza
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Pediatria, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S, Policlinico San Matteo-Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Larizza
keywords: Angiodysplasia; Color Doppler ultrasound; Inflammatory diseases; Internal chronic; Turner syndrome; Ultrasonography