title: Vitamin D and PTH status among adolescent and young females with severe dysmenorrhea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate Vitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) status among adolescent and young females with severe and very severe dysmenorrhea.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study in specific selected sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  One Jordanian university.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-six females, ages between 17 and 24 years, with severe and very severe dysmenorrhea were surveyed regarding demographics, pain with menstruation, and dietary intake of dairy products. Plasma Vitamin D, PTH levels were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  About 61% of the studied population experience very severe dysmenorrhea. Half of participants had dairy intake less than 1 serving per day. The majority of participants (80%) had insufficient plasma vitamin D and 48% of them had hyperparathyroidism.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism and/or low dietary calcium intake among adolescent and young adult females who experience severe and very severe dysmenorrhea may negatively affect bone metabolism during achievement of peak bone mass at a young age and adverse bone health at older age.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan. Electronic address: kkalani@just.edu.jo.
authors.forename: Khalid K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Abdul-Razzak
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
authors.forename: Bayan A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Obeidat
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency, King Abdulla University Hospital, Irbid, Jordan.
authors.forename: Mudhaffar I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Al-Farras
authors.affiliation: University Teaching Primary Health Care Center, Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
authors.forename: Ali S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Dauod
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003611:Dairy Products; D004032:Diet; D004412:Dysmenorrhea / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D010710:Phosphates / Q000097:blood; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013472:Sunlight; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D010710:Phosphates; D013473:Sunscreening Agents; D014807:Vitamin D; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Calcium; Dairy products; Dysmenorrhea; Hyperparathyroidism; Vitamin D