title: [Stimulating the thought].
abstract: Neuropsychiatric disorders are generally accompanied by a change in brain activity (hyperactivity or deficiency compared to normal activity). Therefore, intervention in brain activity may provide treatment for different disorders. In this paper we review various methods of brain stimulation: some that are familiar and have been in use for several years such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS); and others that are new and still being studied but have obtained promising preliminary results such as vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), deep brain stimulation (DBS], magnetic seizure therapy, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS] and near-infrared therapy. For each method we describe the procedure, proposed mechanisms, side effects and current status in research and in the practical field.
authors.affiliation: Day Care Unit and the Laboratory of Imaging and Brain Stimulation, Kfar Shaul Hospital, Jerusalem Center for Mental Health. ddi@weizmann.ac.il
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Israeli
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Imaging and Brain Stimulation, Kfar Shaul Hospital, Jerusalem Center for Mental Health.
authors.forename: Yair
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ben-Menahem
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Imaging and Brain Stimulation, Kfar Shaul Hospital, Jerusalem Center for Mental Health.
authors.forename: Maayan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wertman
authors.affiliation: Jerusalem Mental Health Center, Eitanim-Kfar Shaul Hospitals.
authors.forename: Leon
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Grunhous
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D004565:Electroconvulsive Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D050781:Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D055536:Vagus Nerve Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods