title: Influence of microwave heating on liquid-liquid phase inversion and temperature rates for immiscible mixtures.
abstract: Time dependencies of component temperatures for mixtures of immiscible liquids during microwave heating were studied for acetonitrile-cyclohexane and water-toluene. For the first time, we report microwave induced liquid-liquid phase inversion for acetonitrile-cyclohexane mixture: acetonitrile layer was initially at the bottom of the mixture, after 10 sec of microwave heating its density decreased and it inverted to the top of the mixture for the remainder of the microwave heating. This phase inversion could not be achieved by conventional radiant heating. The maximum rate of temperature growth for the polar component of the mixtures was 2 - 5 times larger than for the non-polar component. This suggests that microwave energy is absorbed by polar liquids (water or acetonitrile) and heat is transferred into the non-polar liquid (toluene or cyclohexane) in the mixture by conduction (in case of cyclohexane) or conduction and convection (in case of toluene). Comparison between experimental data and semi-empirical mathematical models, proposed in [Kennedy et at., 2009] showed good correlation. Average relative error between theoretical and experimental results did not exceed 7%. These results can be used to model the temperature kinetics of components for other multiphase mixtures.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Chemistry, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Alvin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Chemistry, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Solomon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tadesse
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Chemistry, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Janine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Chemistry, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Aron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reznik
mesh_terms: D045424:Complex Mixtures / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D006361:Heating / Q000379:methods*; D008872:Microwaves; D008956:Models, Chemical; D044367:Phase Transition / Q000528:radiation effects; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D012996:Solutions / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D045424:Complex Mixtures; D012996:Solutions