title: The effect of consumption of soy foods on the blood lipid profile of women: a pilot study from Qwa-Qwa.
abstract: The objective of this study was to compare the long-term effect of 40-g daily whole bean soy consumption for a period of 18 mo on blood lipid levels of women. A single-system design was used and 90 women randomly selected in peri-urban Qwa-Qwa, South Africa. Measurements included dietary intake (24-h recall), anthropometric (weight and height) and biochemical lipid parameters with venous blood samples. The respondents were divided into a hypercholesterolemic and normo-cholesterolemic (NC) group and data analyses included descriptive statistics and t-tests on SPSS, version 21.0. The results showed that a large percentage (40%) of the women was hypercholesterolemic. The hypercholesterolemic group showed abnormal mean values for all the lipid parameters at baseline whereas the NC group showed total cholesterol (TC) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) values in the normal range, but abnormally low mean HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) (0.9±0.6) and high mean triglyceride (TG) (2.3±0.8) levels. At follow-up, the hypercholesterolemic group had significantly improved HDL-C (p=0.000), LDL-C (p=0.032) and TG (p=0.000) levels, but with significantly increased TC (p=0.01). A similar trend was observed in the NC group; however, no significantly improved HDL-C or TG values were observed. It can be concluded that dyslipidemia and obesity were prevalent amongst this group of women. The daily consumption of 40 g of whole soybean, had no significant positive effect on TC, but had a beneficial effect on LDL-C in the women in Qwa-Qwa. The HDL:LDL ratio was also improved in the in the hypercholesterolemic group, thus reducing the risk for CVD. The consumption of whole soybean thus had a beneficial effect on the lipid profile of the women in Qwa-Qwa.
authors.affiliation: Centre of Sustainable Livelihoods, Vaal University of Technology.
authors.forename: Wilna
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Oldewage-Theron
authors.forename: Abdulkadir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Egal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003296:Cooking; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D055951:Functional Food; D006801:Humans; D050177:Overweight / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010865:Pilot Projects; D014674:Plant Proteins, Dietary / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015995:Prevalence; D012306:Risk; D013019:South Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D045730:Soy Foods; D030262:Soybean Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018881:Suburban Health / Q000208:ethnology
chemical_list: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D014674:Plant Proteins, Dietary; D030262:Soybean Proteins