title: Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species accelerate gastric cancer cell invasion.
abstract: Tumor invasion is the most important factor to decide patient's prognosis. The relation between reactive oxygen species and tumor invasion is mainly reported that nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase in the cell membrane is a reactive oxygen species producer for formulating an invadopodia. On the other hand, mitochondrion was known as one of the most important reactive oxygen species-producer in the cell via an energy transfer system. However, the relation between mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and the tumor invasion was not well clarified. In this study, we evaluated the relation between mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and tumor invasion using a normal gastric mucosal cell-line (RGM-1) and a cancerous mutant RGM-1 cell-line (RGK-1). Manganese superoxide dismutase-expressing RGK-1 cell-lines were used for a scavenging mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. The cells have been evaluated their movement ability as follows; cellular ruffling frequencies, wound healing assay to evaluate horizontal cellular migration, and invasion assay using matrigel to analyze vertical cellular migration. All cellular movement abilities were inhibited by scavenging mitochondrial reactive oxygen species with manganese superoxide dismutase. Therefore mitochondrial reactive oxygen species was one of factors enhancing the tumor invasion in gastric cancer.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Ten-noudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan.
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Ten-noudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Ten-noudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tomita
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Ten-noudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisato
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sadakata
authors.affiliation: Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragawa, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroko P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Indo
authors.affiliation: Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragawa, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideyuki J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Majima
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Ten-noudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Ten-noudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan.
authors.forename: Ichinosuke
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hyodo
keywords: electron paramagnetic resonance; manganese superoxide dismutase; mitochondria; reactive oxygen species; tumor invasion