title: Central nervous system-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome presenting as varicella zoster virus-mediated vasculitis causing stroke.
abstract: Varicella zoster virus (VZV)-mediated vasculitis is a rare cause of stroke, but should be considered in HIV patients where vasculitis can occur in association with central nervous system - immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (CNS-IRIS). A literature search revealed 7 reports of VZV vasculitis over the years with no unifying management strategy, highlighting the difficulty in managing rare conditions in the absence of clear guidelines. This is the first documented case of VZV-mediated vasculitis presenting as stroke in the United Kingdom. Our patient made a full recovery with multidisciplinary input from HIV, neurology and radiology specialists.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Sexual Health, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK siewyanteo@doctors.org.uk.
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Teo
authors.affiliation: Centre for Sexual Health, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Raha
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Warren
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.affiliation: Centre for Sexual Health, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Monteiro
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000821:virology*; D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006562:Herpes Zoster / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D014645:Herpesvirus 3, Human; D006801:Humans; D054019:Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D020293:Vasculitis, Central Nervous System / Q000209:etiology* / Q000821:virology
keywords: AIDS; HIV; IRIS; VZV vasculopathy; central nervous system; cerebral ischaemia; herpes zoster; immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome; opportunistic infection; stroke; varicella zoster virus; vasculitis