title: Adiponectin effects on the kidney.
abstract: Adiponectin is a 30-kDa polypeptide secreted primarily by adipose tissue and plays a key role in kidney disease. In obesity, reduced adiponectin levels are associated with insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease and obesity related kidney disease. The latter includes microalbuminuria, glomerulomegaly, overt proteinuria and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Adiponectin levels in type 2 diabetics also negatively correlate with early features of nephropathy. However, in patients with established chronic kidney disease, adiponectin levels are elevated and positively predict progression of disease. The mechanism of action of adiponectin in the kidney appears to be related to AMPK activation and NADPH oxidase. Further studies are needed to elucidate this pathway and investigate the role of potential targets of adiponectin-AMPK-Nox pathway for CKD as obesity-related CKD is increasing worldwide.
authors.affiliation: Center for Renal Translational Medicine, Institute of Metabolomic Medicine, Division of Nephrology-Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego and VA Medical Center La Jolla, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0711, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Electronic address: nsweiss@ucsd.edu.
authors.forename: Natalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sweiss
authors.affiliation: Center for Renal Translational Medicine, Institute of Metabolomic Medicine, Division of Nephrology-Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego and VA Medical Center La Jolla, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0711, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Electronic address: kusharma@ucsd.edu.
authors.forename: Kumar
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sharma
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000503:physiopathology; D017311:Amlodipine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001565:Benzoates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000503:physiopathology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051379:Mice; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D020913:Perindopril / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000150:complications; D000077333:Telmisartan
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D001565:Benzoates; D017311:Amlodipine; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; D000077333:Telmisartan; D020913:Perindopril
keywords: AMP-activated protein kinase; adipokines; adiponectin; albuminuria; kidney disease; obesity; oxidant stress; proteinuria