title: Chemical composition of the essential oil from the leaves of Carapa guianensis collected from Venezuelan Guayana and the antimicrobial activity of the oil and crude extracts.
abstract: The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of Carapa guianensis Aubl. (Meliaceae) leaves was analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. Twenty-three components were identified, which made up 93.7% of the oil. The most abundant constituents were bicyclogermacrene (28.5%), alpha-humulene (17.2%), germacrene B (11.9%), and trans-beta-caryophyllene (9.9%). Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil, as well as the crude extracts of the leaves obtained by refluxing the dried leaves with n-hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol, was determined using the disc diffusion assay. Activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29923 and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 was only found for the essential oil and the methanolic extract, at minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 400 microg/mL and 50 microg/mL.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute, Faculty of Pharmacy and Bioanalysis, University of Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela. gmeccia@ula.ve
authors.forename: Gina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Meccia
authors.affiliation: Postgrado de Química de Medicamentos, Faculty of Pharmacy and Bioanalysis, University of Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Quintero
authors.affiliation: Research Institute, Faculty of Pharmacy and Bioanalysis, University of Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela.
authors.forename: Luis B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Rojas
authors.affiliation: Research Institute, Faculty of Pharmacy and Bioanalysis, University of Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela.
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Usubillaga
authors.affiliation: Microbiology and Parasitology Department, University of Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela.
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Velasco
authors.affiliation: Microbiology and Parasitology Department, University of Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela.
authors.forename: Tulia
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Diaz
authors.affiliation: Microbiology and Parasitology Department, University of Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela.
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Diaz
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Wood Technology, National Experimental University of Guayana, Bolivar State, Venezuela.
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Velásquez
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Wood Technology, National Experimental University of Guayana, Bolivar State, Venezuela.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toro
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects; D029582:Meliaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts