title: [Ultrasonic monitoring foam sclerotherapy for serious varicosis of lower extremity].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy and safety of foam sclerotherapy for lower extremity varicosis in C4 to C6 patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 32 patients (32 limbs) with serious lower extremity varicosis classified as C4 to C6 were enrolled. Ultrasonic monitoring of foam sclerotherapy was performed after subfascial endoscopic perforator suture and saphenous vein ligation. They were followed up monthly at outpatient department. Duplex Doppler scan was performed during each interview.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients were treated successfully. An average of 3.2 perforators were ligated per leg (1-5 perforators). The average volume of foam sclerosing agent was 27.5 ml per leg. Mild chest tightness was observed in one patient but computed tomography (CT) scan excluded pulmonary embolism. Obvious local inflammatory reaction was observed in 4 patients. Residual vein mass without blood signal was seen in 3 patients. No such serious complication as cerebral ischemia was observed. The average follow-up period was 4.8 (1-10) months. Obvious varicose veins and clinical symptoms disappeared at 1 month. And venous ulcers in patients classified as C5 healed within 3 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ultrasonic monitoring of foam sclerotherapy, incorporation with saphenous vein ligation and subfascial endoscopic perforator suture, is both safe and effective in the treatment of serious lower extremity varicosis classified as C4 to C6.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Surgery, Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital, SUN Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
authors.forename: Heng-hui
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Surgery, Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital, SUN Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
authors.forename: Fu-shun
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Surgery, Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital, SUN Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
authors.forename: Xue-ling
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Surgery, Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital, SUN Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
authors.forename: Guang-qi
authors.initials: GQ
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Surgery, Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital, SUN Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China. Email: shenming53@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Shen-ming
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000098:blood supply; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015911:Sclerotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014465:Ultrasonics; D014648:Varicose Veins / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D012597:Sclerosing Solutions