title: Timely event-related synchronization fading and phase de-locking and their defects in migraine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the characteristics of event-related synchronization (ERS) fading and phase de-locking of alpha waves during passive auditory stimulation (PAS) in the migraine patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects were 16 adult women with migraine and 16 normal controls. Electroencephalographic (EEG) data obtained during PAS with standard (SS) and deviant stimuli (DS) were used. Alpha ERS fading, the phase locking index (PLI) and de-locking index (DLI) were evaluated from the 10 Hz complex Morlet wavelet components at 100 ms (t100) and 300 ms (t300) after PAS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At t100, significant ERS was found with SS and DS in the migraineurs and controls (P=0.000). At t300 in the controls, ERS faded to zero for DS while in the migraineurs there was no fading for DS. In both groups the PLI for SS and DS was significantly reduced, i.e. de-locked, at t300 compared to t100 (P=0.000). In the migraineurs, the DLI for DS was significantly lower than in the controls (P=0.003).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The alpha ERS fading and phase de-locking are defective in migraineurs during passive auditory cognitive processing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The defects in timely alpha ERS fading and in de-locking may play a role in the different attention processing in migraine patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Medical Center, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Myung-Kul
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Yum
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Medical Center, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Hwa
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Joong Koo
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Oh-Young
authors.initials: OY
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ki-Jong
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Shon
authors.affiliation: Seoul Brain Neurology Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Il Keun
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Korea University Medical Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jungky@korea.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Ki-Young
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Jung
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Alpha oscillation; ERP; ERS; Migraine; Phase locking index