title: Melatonin attenuates dextran sodium sulfate induced colitis with sleep deprivation: possible mechanism by microarray analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract. It can be aggravated by stress, like sleep deprivation, and improved by anti-inflammatory agents, like melatonin. We aimed to investigate the effects of sleep deprivation and melatonin on inflammation. We also investigated genes regulated by sleep deprivation and melatonin.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the 2% DSS induced colitis mice model, sleep deprivation was induced using modified multiple platform water bath. Melatonin was injected after induction of colitis and colitis with sleep deprivation. Also mRNA was isolated from the colon of mice and analyzed via microarray and real-time PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sleep deprivation induced reduction of body weight, and it was difficult for half of the mice to survive. Sleep deprivation aggravated, and melatonin attenuated the severity of colitis. In microarrays and real-time PCR of mice colon tissues, mRNA of adiponectin and aquaporin 8 were downregulated by sleep deprivation and upregulated by melatonin. However, mRNA of E2F transcription factor (E2F2) and histocompatibility class II antigen A, beta 1 (H2-Ab1) were upregulated by sleep deprivation and downregulated by melatonin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Melatonin improves and sleep deprivation aggravates inflammation of colitis in mice. Adiponectin, aquaporin 8, E2F2 and H2-Ab1 may be involved in the inflammatory change aggravated by sleep deprivation and attenuated by melatonin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Sook Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Young Sook
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Ok Soon
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ja Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Haing Woon
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Baik
authors.forename: Young Ok
authors.initials: YO
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Sang Su
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jae-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Jin-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jun
authors.forename: Yunju
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jo
authors.forename: Sang Bong
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Young Kwan
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Jo
authors.forename: Byoung Kwan
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: Seong Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D003106:Colon / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016264:Dextran Sulfate / Q000633:toxicity*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008550:Melatonin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D012313:RNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D012313:RNA; D004247:DNA; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D008550:Melatonin