title: The effects of limb dominance and fatigue on running biomechanics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish whether lower extremity limb dominance has an effect on overground running mechanics.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  In attempts to resolve unilateral pathology, physical therapists often use the restoration of symmetry as a clinical milestone. While lower limb dominance has been shown to affect lower extremity mechanics during dynamic tasks such as jump landing, its effect on running gait is poorly understood. Further, despite the role of fatigue in running mechanics and injury, the interaction between fatigue and limb dominance has yet to be examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three-dimensional kinematic and kinetic data were collected on 20 females during overground running. Data were collected prior-to and following a treadmill run to exertion. Dominant and non-dominant limb data were compared in the fresh-state using a paired t-test. A 2-way repeated-measures ANOVA was used to test for an interaction between fatigue and limb dominance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences between the kinematic or kinetic patterns of the dominant and non-dominant lower extremities during fresh-state overground running. Fatigue was not shown to interact with limb dominance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Limb dominance did not affect kinematic or kinetic side-to-side differences. Therefore, physical therapists can continue to use resolution of lower extremity symmetry as a goal of therapy without having to account for limb dominance. The lack of an interaction between fatigue and limb dominance indicates that the dominant and non-dominant limbs fatigue at a similar rate.
authors.affiliation: Adjunct Assistant Professor, Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Sciences, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA. Electronic address: allison.m.brown@rutgers.edu.
authors.forename: Allison M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil & Mechanical Engineering, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Zifchock
authors.affiliation: Director, Leon Root, MD Motion Analysis Laboratory, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Howard J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Hillstrom
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000502:physiology*; D018763:Muscle Fatigue / Q000502:physiology*; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Exertion; Kinematics; Kinetics; Limb laterality