title: Retrograde transvenous obliteration for uterine arteriovenous malformation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Transarterial embolization is an established treatment for uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM); however, in some cases, transarterial embolization is difficult. We present balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration as an alternative endovascular treatment for uterine AVM.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 24-year-old woman was diagnosed with uterine AVM. Her medical treatments were ineffective, and selective embolization was abandoned because of the extremely tortuous feeders. We used balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration, in which balloon catheters were inserted into the draining vein to stop the outflow. Then, a sclerosant was retrogradely injected through the catheter into the nidus. The abnormal vessels were fully obliterated, and there was no recurrence after the treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration may be an alternative treatment for uterine AVMs with adequate vascular structures.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology and Pediatrics, Perinatal and Maternal Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kishino
authors.forename: Naoyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Miyasaka
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takeguchi
authors.forename: Isamu
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ohashi
mesh_terms: D001165:Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000628:therapy*; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D014599:Uterus / Q000098:blood supply*; D055815:Young Adult