title: Genetic determinism of phenological traits highly affected by climate change in Prunus avium: flowering date dissected into chilling and heat requirements.
abstract: The present study investigated the genetic determinism of flowering date (FD), dissected into chilling (CR) and heat (HR) requirements. Elucidation of the genetic determinism of flowering traits is crucial to anticipate the increasing of ecological misalignment of adaptative traits with novel climate conditions in most temperate-fruit species. CR and HR were evaluated over 3 yr and FD over 5 yr in an intraspecific sweet cherry (Prunus avium) F1 progeny, and FD over 6 yr in a different F1 progeny. One quantitative trait locus (QTL) with major effect and high stability between years of evaluation was detected for CR and FD in the same region of linkage group (LG) 4. For HR, no stable QTL was detected. Candidate genes underlying the major QTL on LG4 were investigated and key genes were identified for CR and FD. Phenotypic dissection of FD and year repetitions allowed us to identify CR as the high heritable component of FD and a high genotype × environment interaction for HR. QTLs for CR reported in this study are the first described in this species. Our results provide a foundation for the identification of genes involved in CR and FD in sweet cherry which could be used to develop ideotypes adapted to future climatic conditions.
authors.affiliation: Univ. Bordeaux, UMR 1332 de Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France.|INRA, UMR 1332 de Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Castède
authors.affiliation: Univ. Bordeaux, UMR 1332 de Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France.|INRA, UMR 1332 de Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: José Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Campoy
authors.affiliation: Univ. Bordeaux, UMR 1332 de Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France.|INRA, UMR 1332 de Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: José Quero
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: García
authors.affiliation: Univ. Bordeaux, UMR 1332 de Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France.|INRA, UMR 1332 de Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: Loïck
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Le Dantec
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1287 Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne, F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lafargue
authors.affiliation: Univ. Bordeaux, UMR 1332 de Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France.|INRA, UMR 1332 de Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Barreneche
authors.affiliation: Univ. Bordeaux, UMR 1332 de Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France.|INRA, UMR 1332 de Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: Bénédicte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wenden
authors.affiliation: Univ. Bordeaux, UMR 1332 de Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France.|INRA, UMR 1332 de Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dirlewanger
mesh_terms: D057231:Climate Change; D035264:Flowers / Q000254:growth & development*; D017343:Genes, Plant; D005838:Genotype; D010641:Phenotype; D027861:Prunus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci; D013696:Temperature
keywords: Prunus avium; chilling requirement; climate change; dormancy; flowering date; heat requirement; phenology; quantitative trait loci (QTLs)