title: Genotoxicity and histological alterations in grey mullet Mugil liza exposed to petroleum water-soluble fraction (PWSF).
abstract: Petroleum hydrocarbons are considered one of the main organic chemicals found in water bodies. In the present study, the median lethal concentration (LC50) was estimated for mullet Mugil liza after acute exposure to petroleum water-soluble fraction (PWSF). Furthermore, histopathological studies and micronuclei frequency were also performed in order to observe deleterious effects of medium-term exposition to PWSF. Mullets (25 ± 2.3 g) were exposed to chronic concentrations (1.7, 3.5 and 7 % of PWSF), plus the control group, for 14 and 7 days of clearance time. Throughout the experimental period (1, 4, 14 and 21 days), blood samples were collected for analysis of micronucleus (MN) and liver and gills for histopathological study. For these procedures, seven fish were sampled per concentration tested. The LC50-96 h was estimated at 37.5 % of the PWSF. The time required for MN induction was 96 h of exposure. The time of clearance was sufficient to achieve a MN frequency similar to that of the control group. Histopathological studies showed severe changes in the gill and liver tissues. The most relevant histopathology in the gills was telangiectasia. Hepatic histopathology such as cholestasis, dilated sinusoids and inflammatory infiltrates were commonly described. The MN test and histological study effectively detected damages caused by medium-term exposition to the PWSF, and despite the toxicity, a few days without exposure can minimize PWSF genotoxicity in juveniles of M. liza.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Aquicultura, Laboratório de Piscicultura Estuarina e Marinha, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, CEP 96201-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cauê Bonucci
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.forename: Ricardo Vieira
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: Luis Alberto
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Romano
authors.forename: Emeline Pereira
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Gusmão
authors.forename: Bianca Hartwig
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Seyffert
authors.forename: Luís André
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Sampaio
authors.forename: Kleber Campos
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Miranda-Filho
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004249:DNA Damage; D005880:Gills / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D010578:Petroleum / Q000633:toxicity*; D023701:Smegmamorpha / Q000502:physiology; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens; D010578:Petroleum; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical