title: Liquid dextran does not increase the elution rate of different antibiotics from bone cement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the possibility of increasing elution of fosfomycin, gentamicin, clindamycin, and vancomycin by the addition of dextran fluid during the cement-mixing phase.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 12 test series, we produced standardized, antibiotic-loaded test specimens of cement, with and without addition of dextran, and determined their effectiveness against three reference pathogens in agar diffusion and elution tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the test series using combined agents, Refobacin(®)-Palacos(®)R plus fosfomycin continuously produced the largest zone of inhibition, both against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (p = 0.009) and against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (p = 0.009). The addition of dextran to the various test series had no useful effect on the size of the zone of inhibition for any of the antibiotics tested.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dextran supplementation in Refobacin(®)-Palacos(®)R bone cement did not have the hope for positive effect on the elution rate of bound antibiotics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany, eddi.roth@unimedizin-mainz.de.
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Krause
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Siegel
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maier
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schoellner
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Rommens
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000187:drug effects; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002981:Clindamycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003911:Dextrans / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004058:Diffusion; D052978:Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests; D005578:Fosfomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D008768:Methylmethacrylates / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001843:Bone Cements; C000601495:Copal bone cement; D003911:Dextrans; D005839:Gentamicins; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; C030159:gentamicin-polymethylmethacrylate bead; D005578:Fosfomycin; D002981:Clindamycin; D014640:Vancomycin