title: [Inhibition of α-glucosidase activity by water extracts of Xanthium sibiricum Patrin ex Widder and their effects on blood sugar in mice].
abstract: To investigate the effects of Xanthium sibiricum Patrin ex Widder water extracts (CEW) on α-glucosidase activity (AG) and blood sugar in mice.
  
  
  
  The inhibition of AG by CEW was studied with enzyme-inhibitor screening external model with acarbose as control drug. The normal mice were administrated by gavage with 40.0g*kg(-1), or 10.0 g*kg(-1) of CEW, 0.375 g*kg(-1) of acarbose, and 0.3ml of normal saline, respectively in successive 5 days; then the animals were loaded with 2.0 g*kg(-1) of glucose, 4.0 g*kg(-1) of sucrose, and 2.0 g*kg(-1) of starch and blood sugar levels were measured within 15, 30, 60, and 120min. Diabetes was induced by injection of streptozotocin (STZ) in mice, then 40.0 g*kg(-1), or 10.0 g*kg(-1) of CEW was given to diabetic mice in successive 2 weeks and 4 weeks, then the blood sugar levels were measured.
  
  
  
  In the enzyme inhibition test, when the concentration of CEW was between 0.3125 g*L(-1)-10.00 g*L(-1), the inhibition rate was 55.42%-92.73% when the concentration of acarbose was 1.5625 g*L(-1)-25.00 g*L(-1), the inhibition rate was 9.28%-64.87%. In the sugar tolerance test, the blood sugar value in starch-loaded mice decreased sharply (P<0.01), followed by sucrose-loaded group (P<0.05), and there was no change in glucose-loaded group (P>0.05). In diabetic mice CEW-40 and CEW-10 groups showed significant blood sugar lowering effect (P<0.01 or P<0.05).
  
  
  
  CEW has stronger effect in inhibition of AG activity than acarbose. CEW can increase the sugar tolerance in normal mice and decrease the blood sugar level in diabetic mice..
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang University City College, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310015, China.
authors.forename: Fengxia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Jingping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D031210:Xanthium / Q000737:chemistry*; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases