title: Depressive symptoms and observed eating in youth.
abstract: Depressive symptoms in youth may be a risk factor for obesity, with altered eating behaviors as one possible mechanism. We tested whether depressive symptoms were associated with observed eating patterns expected to promote excessive weight gain in two separate samples. In Study 1, 228 non-treatment-seeking youth, ages 12-17y (15.3±1.4y; 54.7% female), self-reported depressive symptoms using the Beck Depression Inventory. Energy intake was measured as consumption from a 10,934-kcal buffet meal served at 11:00am after an overnight fast. In Study 2, 204 non-treatment-seeking youth, ages 8-17y (13.0±2.8y; 49.5% female), self-reported depressive symptoms using the Children's Depression Inventory. Energy intake was measured as consumption from a 9835-kcal buffet meal served at 2:30pm after a standard breakfast. In Study 1, controlling for body composition and other relevant covariates, depressive symptoms were positively related to total energy intake in girls and boys. In Study 2, adjusting for the same covariates, depressive symptoms among girls only were positively associated with total energy intake. Youth high in depressive symptoms and dietary restraint consumed the most energy from sweets. In both studies, the effects of depressive symptoms on intake were small. Nevertheless, depressive symptoms were associated with significantly greater consumption of total energy and energy from sweet snack foods, which, over time, could be anticipated to promote excess weight gain.
authors.affiliation: Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Mira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mooreville
authors.affiliation: Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, 1570 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80524, USA. Electronic address: Lauren.Shomaker@ColoState.edu.
authors.forename: Lauren B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Shomaker
authors.affiliation: Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Samantha A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Reina
authors.affiliation: Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
authors.forename: Louise M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Hannallah
authors.affiliation: Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Adelyn Cohen
authors.affiliation: Nutrition Department, Clinical Center, NIH, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Amber B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Courville
authors.affiliation: Nutrition Department, Clinical Center, NIH, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Merel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kozlosky
authors.affiliation: Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Sheila M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Brady
authors.affiliation: Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Tania
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Condarco
authors.affiliation: Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA.
authors.forename: Susan Z
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Yanovski
authors.affiliation: Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
authors.forename: Marian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanofsky-Kraff
authors.affiliation: Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Jack A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Yanovski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D004032:Diet; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D062407:Meals; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D057566:Self Report
keywords: Adolescent; Child; Depression; Eating; Obesity