title: Diets high in monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease fatty acid synthase protein levels in adipose tissue but do not alter other markers of adipose function and inflammation in diet-induced obese rats.
abstract: This study investigates the effects of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids from different fat sources (High Oleic Canola, Canola, Canola-Flaxseed (3:1 blend), Safflower, or Soybean Oil, or a Lard-based diet) on adipose tissue function and markers of inflammation in Obese Prone rats fed high-fat (55% energy) diets for 12 weeks. Adipose tissue fatty acid composition reflected the dietary fatty acid profiles. Protein levels of fatty acid synthase, but not mRNA levels, were lower in adipose tissue of all groups compared to the Lard group. Adiponectin and fatty acid receptors GPR41 and GPR43 protein levels were also altered, but other metabolic and inflammatory mediators in adipose tissue and serum were unchanged among groups. Overall, rats fed vegetable oil- or lard-based high-fat diets appear to be largely resistant to major phenotypic changes when the dietary fat composition is altered, providing little support for the importance of specific fatty acid profiles in the context of a high-fat diet.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Manitoba, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Research Centre, R2019 - 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R2H 2A6.
authors.forename: Jennifer E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Enns
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Research Centre, R2019 - 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R2H 2A6.
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hanke
authors.affiliation: Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Research Centre, R2019 - 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R2H 2A6.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Manitoba, Canada; Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Research Centre, R2019 - 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R2H 2A6.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zahradka
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Manitoba, Canada; Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Research Centre, R2019 - 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R2H 2A6. Electronic address: ctaylor@sbrc.ca.
authors.forename: Carla G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases / Q000378:metabolism*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases
keywords: Adipokine; Adipose tissue; Fatty acid; Inflammation; Monounsaturated fatty acid; Obesity; Polyunsaturated fatty acid