title: Fabrication of low-cost, cementless femoral stem 316L stainless steel using investment casting technique.
abstract: Total hip arthroplasty is a flourishing orthopedic surgery, generating billions of dollars of revenue. The cost associated with the fabrication of implants has been increasing year by year, and this phenomenon has burdened the patient with extra charges. Consequently, this study will focus on designing an accurate implant via implementing the reverse engineering of three-dimensional morphological study based on a particular population. By using finite element analysis, this study will assist to predict the outcome and could become a useful tool for preclinical testing of newly designed implants. A prototype is then fabricated using 316L stainless steel by applying investment casting techniques that reduce manufacturing cost without jeopardizing implant quality. The finite element analysis showed that the maximum von Mises stress was 66.88 MPa proximally with a safety factor of 2.39 against endosteal fracture, and micromotion was 4.73 μm, which promotes osseointegration. This method offers a fabrication process of cementless femoral stems with lower cost, subsequently helping patients, particularly those from nondeveloped countries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Centre for Biomedical Engineering Transportation Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohd Yusof
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Baharuddin
authors.forename: Sh-Hussain
authors.initials: ShH
authors.lastname: Salleh
authors.forename: Andril Arafat
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Suhasril
authors.forename: Ahmad Hafiz
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Zulkifly
authors.forename: Muhammad Hisyam
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Mohd Afian
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Omar
authors.forename: Ab Saman
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Abd Kader
authors.forename: Alias
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mohd Noor
authors.forename: Arief Ruhullah
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: A Harris
authors.forename: Norazman
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abdul Majid
mesh_terms: D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / Q000191:economics; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D006622:Hip Prosthesis / Q000191:economics*; D006801:Humans; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D013193:Stainless Steel / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical
chemical_list: D013193:Stainless Steel
keywords: Cementless hip; Hip replacement; Implant; Investment casting