title: Moderating role of FKBP5 genotype in the impact of childhood adversity on cortisol stress response during adulthood.
abstract: Recent research suggests an important role of FKBP5, a glucocorticoid receptor regulating co-chaperone, in the development of stress-related diseases such as depression and anxiety disorders. The present study aimed to replicate and extend previous evidence indicating that FKBP5 polymorphisms moderate hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) function by examining whether FKBP5 rs1360780 genotype and different measures of childhood adversity interact to predict stress-induced cortisol secretion. At age 19 years, 195 young adults (90 males, 105 females) participating in an epidemiological cohort study completed the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) to assess cortisol stress responsiveness and were genotyped for the FKBP5 rs1360780. Childhood adversity was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and by a standardized parent interview yielding an index of family adversity. A significant interaction between genotype and childhood adversity on cortisol response to stress was demonstrated for exposure to childhood maltreatment as assessed by retrospective self-report (CTQ), but not for prospectively ascertained objective family adversity. Severity of childhood maltreatment was significantly associated with attenuated cortisol levels among carriers of the rs1360780 CC genotype, while no such effect emerged in carriers of the T allele. These findings point towards the functional involvement of FKBP5 in long-term alterations of neuroendocrine stress regulation related to childhood maltreatment, which have been suggested to represent a premorbid risk or resilience factor in the context of stress-related disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, J 5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Arlette F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Buchmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, J 5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Holz
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, J 5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Boecker
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, J 5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Dorothea
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Blomeyer
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany.
authors.forename: Marcella
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rietschel
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany.
authors.forename: Stephanie H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Witt
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, J 5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Martin H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Germany.
authors.forename: Günter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Esser
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, J 5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Banaschewski
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, J 5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Center for Integrative Human Physiology, Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brandeis
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulrich S
authors.initials: US
authors.lastname: Zimmermann
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, J 5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany; Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Germany. Electronic address: manfred.laucht@zi-mannheim.de.
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laucht
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002649:Child Abuse; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D060005:Genotyping Techniques; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood*; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011581:Psychological Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D057566:Self Report; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D022021:Tacrolimus Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult; D000099159:Tacrolimus Binding Protein 5
chemical_list: D006854:Hydrocortisone; D022021:Tacrolimus Binding Proteins; D000099159:Tacrolimus Binding Protein 5
keywords: Childhood adversity; Cortisol; FKBP5; HPA; Stress