title: In Vitro Protective Efficacy of Clostridium butyricum Against Fish Pathogen Infections.
abstract: Most pathogens in intestine are opportunist, called "opportunistic pathogens" that usually do not cause disease in a healthy host. Only when the host's resistance is lowered or the intestinal microecological balance is destroyed, the opportunistic pathogens are capable of causing disease. Here, two opportunistic pathogens, Salmonella enteritidis and Vibrio parahaemolyticus were chosen to test the possible antagonistic effect of the probiotic agent Clostridium butyricum on these pathogens infections in vitro using fish intestinal epithelial cells (FIECs). The C. butyricum and its spent culture supernatants exhibited significant inhibitory activity on S. enteritidis and V. parahaemolyticus growth and adherence to FIECs. The C. butyricum also showed significant inhibitory effects on S. enteritidis and V. parahaemolyticus induced apoptosis, which may due to its growth and adhesion inhibitory effects. These results indicated that the probiotic bacterium C. butyricum has preventive and therapeutic effects on S. enteritidis and V. parahaemolyticus infections in fish.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Marine and Estuarine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090 People's Republic of China ; College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000 People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Quanxin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000 People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yingping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Marine and Estuarine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090 People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Marine and Estuarine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090 People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shiming
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Marine and Estuarine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090 People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: National University Science Park Management Committee, China University of Petroleum, Dongying, 257091 People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiangming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Marine and Estuarine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090 People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhaohong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shi
keywords: Adhesion; Apoptosis; Clostridium butyricum; Fish; Salmonella enteritidis; Vibrio parahaemolyticus