title: Reducing therapeutic injection overuse through patients-prescribers interaction group discussions in Kinondoni District, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
abstract: Inappropriately prescription of injections has been reported in developing and developed countries. Previous studies in Tanzania showed that over 70% of patients attending out- patient clinics at private dispensaries received at least one injection per consultation, a value higher than WHO recommended target of 10%. This is of concern considering the likelihood of adverse effects of possible use of unsafe syringes to transmit HIV, hepatitis B and C, poliomyelitis and added economic impact on the patient and the healthcare system. This study aimed to investigate the impact of Interaction Group Discussion on behavioural change on injection prescribing practices in ten selected public dispensaries in Kinondoni District, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Patient records of injection prescriptions were obtained covering the period three months prior to the study from 5 randomly selected control and 5 randomly selected intervention facilities. At each health facility IGDs were conducted for one month on mothers and prescribers followed by a survey 3 months after IGD to determine the impact of IGDs. Chi-square statistical calculations were made to compare data on the percent of prescriptions with an injection prescribed and in those conforming to national standard treatment guidelines (STG) between baseline and 3 months follow up. Results showed no significant difference between the percentage of prescriptions with an injection prescribed at baseline and 3 months follow-up in public dispensaries (P>0.05, X2 test). Prescribed injections that complied with STG was low at baseline and did not significantly improve 3 months after (P>0.05, X2 test). Comprehensive studies and sensitization of compliance to STG by prescribers are recommended.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.
authors.forename: Amos Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Massele
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.
authors.forename: Yohana J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Mashalla
authors.affiliation: lnstitute of Traditional Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
authors.forename: Edmund J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kayombo
authors.affiliation: Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
authors.forename: Julius D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Mwaiselage
authors.affiliation: University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
authors.forename: Natu E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Mwamba
authors.affiliation: Kinondoni Municipal Council, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
authors.forename: Issessanda
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kaniki
mesh_terms: D004363:Drug Utilization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D007318:Inservice Training / Q000379:methods*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055553:Prescription Drugs / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013636:Tanzania
chemical_list: D055553:Prescription Drugs