title: Translation and validation of the Self-care of Heart Failure Index into Persian.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a common burdensome health problem worldwide. Self-care improves outcomes in patients with CHF. The Self-care of Heart Failure Index (SCHFI) is a well-known scale for assessing self-care. A reliable, valid, and culturally acceptable instrument is needed to develop and test self-care interventions in Iran.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to translate and validate the Persian version of SCHFI v 6.2 (pSCHFI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We translated the SCHFI into Persian (pSCHFI) using standardized methods. The reliability was evaluated by assessing Cronbach's α coefficient. Expert opinion, discussion with patients, and confirmatory factor analysis were used to assess face validity, content validity, and construct validity, respectively. The analysis, using 184 participants, showed acceptable internal consistency and construct validity for the 3 subscales of pSCHFI-self-care maintenance, self-care management, and self-care self-confidence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The pSCHFI is a valid instrument with an acceptable reliability for evaluating self-care in Persian patients with heart failure.
authors.affiliation: Soraya Siabani, MD PhD Candidate, Medical School, Menzies Centre for Health Policy, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, and Faculty Member, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Stephen R. Leeder, MD, PhD, FRACP Professor of Public Health and Community Medicine, Menzies Centre for Health Policy, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Patricia M. Davidson, PhD, RN Professor of Cardiovascular and Chronic Care, Faculty of Health, The University of Technology of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Farid Najafi, MD, PhD Associate Professor of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Behrooz Hamzeh, MD, PhD Assistant Professor of Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Akram Solimani, BSMS Research Fellow, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Sara Siahbani, MD Medical Student, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tim Driscoll, BSc(Med), MBBS, MOHS, PhD Associate Professor, Epidemiology and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Soraya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Siabani
authors.forename: Stephen R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Leeder
authors.forename: Patricia M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.forename: Farid
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Najafi
authors.forename: Behrooz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hamzeh
authors.forename: Akram
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Solimani
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Siahbani
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Driscoll
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012648:Self Care; D012649:Self Concept; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014177:Translations