title: Protein secretion biotechnology in Gram-positive bacteria with special emphasis on Streptomyces lividans.
abstract: Proteins secreted by Gram-positive bacteria are released into the culture medium with the obvious benefit that they usually retain their native conformation. This property makes these host cells potentially interesting for the production of recombinant proteins, as one can take full profit of established protocols for the purification of active proteins. Several state-of-the-art strategies to increase the yield of the secreted proteins will be discussed, using Streptomyces lividans as an example and compared with approaches used in some other host cells. It will be shown that approaches such as increasing expression and translation levels, choice of secretion pathway and modulation of proteins thereof, avoiding stress responses by changing expression levels of specific (stress) proteins, can be helpful to boost production yield. In addition, the potential of multi-omics approaches as a tool to understand the genetic background and metabolic fluxes in the host cell and to seek for new targets for strain and protein secretion improvement is discussed. It will be shown that S. lividans, along with other Gram-positive host cells, certainly plays a role as a production host for recombinant proteins in an economically viable way. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Protein trafficking and secretion in bacteria. Guest Editors: Anastassios Economou and Ross Dalbey.
authors.affiliation: Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Herestraat 49, box 1037, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: jozef.anne@rega.kuleuven.be.
authors.forename: Jozef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Anné
authors.affiliation: Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Herestraat 49, box 1037, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: kristof.vrancken@citriquebelge.com.
authors.forename: Kristof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vrancken
authors.affiliation: Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Herestraat 49, box 1037, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: lieve.vanmellaert@rega.kuleuven.be.
authors.forename: Lieve
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Van Mellaert
authors.affiliation: Chemical and Biochemical Process Technology and Control Section (BioTeC), Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 46 box 2423, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: jan.vanimpe@cit.kuleuven.be.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Van Impe
authors.affiliation: Chemical and Biochemical Process Technology and Control Section (BioTeC), Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 46 box 2423, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: kristel.bernaerts@cit.kuleuven.be.
authors.forename: Kristel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bernaerts
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods; D003470:Culture Media; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000235:genetics; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D048170:Streptomyces lividans / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D049490:Systems Biology
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D003470:Culture Media; D011994:Recombinant Proteins
keywords: Industrial biotechnology; Recombinant protein secretion; Strain optimization; Streptomyces; Systems biology