title: [Nasal cavity computer fluid dynamics analysis on 60 healthy Chinese adults].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the aerodynamics characteristics of nasal cavity in inspiration phase from 60 healthy Chinese people and provide the reference values for future computational fluid dynamics (CFD) research.
  
  
  METHODS
  CFD was used for numerical simulation. The indices of main airflow passage, total nasal airway resistance, maximal velocity, maximal wall shear stress, nasal mucosa area, nasal volume and surface area-to-volume ratio were extracted from CFD analysis results. SPSS 16.0 software was used to analyze the data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The main airflow passage in nasal cavity was common meatus, the mean total nasal airway resistance was (0.211 ± 0.085) kPa·s·L(-1), the mean maximal velocity was (12.01 ± 2.79) m/s, the mean maximal wall shear stress was (2.50 ± 0.89) Pa, the mean nasal mucosa area was (161.2 ± 34.7) mm(2), the mean nasal volume was (31.7 ± 8.1) ml and the mean surface area-to-volume ratio was (0.58 ± 0.09) mm(-1). No significant difference was detected in aerodynamics indices between male and female people.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The main airflow passage is located in common meatus. The nasal valve area is the key constrictive plane in nasal cavity. There are no gender differences of main airflow characteristics in nasal cavity. The normal ranges of aerodynamics indices could be used for reference values for future CFD research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Engineering Mechanics, State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China.
authors.forename: Hong-rui
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Zang
authors.affiliation: Email:liuyingxidlut@163.com.
authors.forename: Ying-xi
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Luo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Li-feng
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education(Capital Medical University), Beijing 100730, China. Email:handm@trhos.com.
authors.forename: De-min
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000502:physiology*; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation; D055815:Young Adult