title: Combined thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy: experience, technique and cautions.
abstract: We described a 59-year-old female, who came to our institute with the diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The preoperative clinical diagnosis was stage II esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The three-stage minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE), combined thoracoscopic-laparoscopic esophagectomy with cervical anastomosis, was performed in this case. The lateral-prone decubitus position and Harmonic scalpel facilitate the operation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
authors.forename: Guang-Jian
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
authors.forename: Qi-Fei
authors.initials: QF
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
authors.forename: Zhuo-Qi
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
authors.forename: Shuo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
authors.forename: Jun-Ke
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Fu
keywords: Minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE); laparoscopic; thoracoscopic