title: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in disseminated histoplasmosis and advanced HIV infection.
abstract: The cause of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is often multifactorial. It is uncommon in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. However, if the cause of PRES is left untreated it can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Thus, we believe it should be included as a differential in immunosuppressed patients presenting with neurological signs. This case report describes such a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who developed hypocalcaemia secondary to disseminated histoplasmosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sexual Health and HIV, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK j.stevenson3@nhs.net.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stevenson
authors.affiliation: Department of Sexual Health and HIV, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D060085:Coinfection; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology; D006261:Headache / Q000209:etiology; D006660:Histoplasmosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D054038:Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome / Q000209:etiology / Q000821:virology*; D012640:Seizures / Q000209:etiology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
keywords: AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome); HIV (human immunodeficiency virus); PRES; Posterior encephalopathy syndrome; histoplasmosis; hypercalcaemia; hypertension