title: Transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of Hebbian and non-Hebbian plasticity.
abstract: The epigenome is uniquely positioned as a point of convergence, integrating multiple intracellular signaling cascades into a cohesive gene expression profile necessary for long-term behavioral change. The last decade of neuroepigenetic research has primarily focused on learning-induced changes in DNA methylation and chromatin modifications. Numerous studies have independently demonstrated the importance of epigenetic modifications in memory formation and retention as well as Hebbian plasticity. However, how these mechanisms operate in the context of other forms of plasticity is largely unknown. In this review, we examine evidence for epigenetic regulation of Hebbian plasticity. We then discuss how non-Hebbian forms of plasticity, such as intrinsic plasticity and synaptic scaling, may also be involved in producing the cellular adaptations necessary for learning-related behavioral change. Furthermore, we consider the likely roles for transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms in the regulation of these plasticities. In doing so, we aim to expand upon the idea that epigenetic mechanisms are critical regulators of both Hebbian and non-Hebbian forms of plasticity that ultimately drive learning and memory.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
authors.forename: Mikael C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Guzman-Karlsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
authors.forename: Jarrod P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Meadows
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
authors.forename: Cristin F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Gavin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Hablitz
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. Electronic address: dsweatt@uab.edu.
authors.forename: J David
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Sweatt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects; D008954:Models, Biological; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000187:drug effects; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D018697:Nootropic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D012153:Retention, Psychology / Q000187:drug effects; D013569:Synapses / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D018697:Nootropic Agents
keywords: DNA methylation; Epigenetics; Hebbian; Histone modifications; Homeostatic; Intrinsic; Metaplasticity; Non-Hebbian; Synaptic; Synaptic scaling