title: Cerebellar Symptoms Are Associated With Omission Errors and Variability of Response Time in Children With ADHD.
abstract: We examined the presence of cerebellar symptoms in ADHD and their association with behavioral markers of this disorder.
  
  
  
  Sixty-two children with ADHD and 62 typically developing (TD) children were examined for cerebellar symptoms using the ataxia rating scale and tested using Conners' Continuous Performance Test.
  
  
  
  Children with ADHD had significantly more cerebellar symptoms compared with the TD children. Cerebellar symptom scores decreased with age in the ADHD group; in the TD group remained stable. In both groups, cerebellar symptoms were associated with parent-rated hyperactive/impulsive symptoms, variability of response time standard error (RT-SE) and increase of RT-SE as the test progresses. More variables were associated with cerebellar symptoms in the ADHD group including omission errors, overall RT-SE and its increase for prolonged interstimulus intervals.
  
  
  
  Our results highlight the importance of research into motor functions in children with ADHD and indicate a role for cerebellar impairment in this disorder.
authors.affiliation: 1 Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goetz
authors.affiliation: 1 Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jaroslava
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schwabova
authors.affiliation: 1 Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Zdenek
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hlavka
authors.affiliation: 2 General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Radek
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ptacek
authors.affiliation: 1 Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Alena
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zumrova
authors.affiliation: 1 Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Vladimír
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hort
authors.affiliation: 3 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Doyle
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006948:Hyperkinesis / Q000503:physiopathology; D007175:Impulsive Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011596:Psychomotor Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D066191:Sensorimotor Cortex / Q000502:physiology
keywords: Conners’ Continuous Performance Test; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; cerebellum; reaction time variability