title: Entry of hepatitis B and C viruses - recent progress and future impact.
abstract: Chronic hepatitis B and C virus infections are major causes of liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. Although both viruses infect hepatocytes, the molecular virology and cellular biology of their respective replication cycles differ. Viral entry is the first step of the life cycle and recent developments in functional genomic and proteomic methodologies have increased our understanding of the entry pathways for these two important human pathogens. In this review we provide a comparative analysis of the internalization routes for these viruses and highlight differences and how they impact the viral life cycle, immune responses and development of antivirals.
authors.affiliation: Inserm U1110, University of Strasbourg and Center for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Strasbourg University Hospitals, 3 Rue Koeberlé, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Thomas F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Baumert
authors.affiliation: Centre for Human Virology, NIHR Centre for Liver Disease, University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
authors.forename: Luke
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Meredith
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, ImNeuenheimer Feld 345, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.affiliation: Inserm U1110, University of Strasbourg and Center for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Strasbourg University Hospitals, 3 Rue Koeberlé, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Felmlee
authors.affiliation: Centre for Human Virology, NIHR Centre for Liver Disease, University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
authors.forename: Jane A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: McKeating
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, ImNeuenheimer Feld 345, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: stephan.urban@med.uni-heidelberg.de.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Urban
mesh_terms: D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000502:physiology*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D053586:Virus Internalization