title: Reduction mammoplasty improves body posture and decreases the perception of pain.
abstract: Women with hypertrophic breasts often experience body pain and posture problems, which tend to be reduced or even eliminated after reduction mammoplasty. The present study aimed to analyze the effects of reduction mammoplasty on anthropometric variables, body posture and pain in women with breast hypertrophy. Eleven women (mean [± SD] age 31.3±10.4 years) participated in the present study. Anthropometric variables, body posture and pain perception were evaluated pretest, and 60 (post60) and 90 (post90) days after reduction mammoplasty. Commercially available posture analysis software was used to analyze the following variables: acromial horizontal alignment (AHA), angle between acromial and anterior superior iliac spines (A-AAIS), vertical alignment of right (R) and left (L) trunk (VAT), vertical alignment of R and L body (VAB) and horizontal alignment of R and L pelvis (HAP). Descriptive statistics and ANOVA for repeated measures were used, and effect sizes (ES) were measured; the level of significance was set at P<0.05. There were no significant differences in anthropometric variables among the assessments. Only HAP-R showed a significant decrease; however, when analyzed, ES, VAT- L and HAP- L in post60, and VAT-R, VAT-L, HAP-R, HAP-L and VAB-L in post90 showed large ES after mammoplasty (ES>0.70). There were significant reductions in pain at post60 and post90 in the neck, cervical spine, back, shoulder and arm (P<0.05). Following mammoplasty, an improvement in body posture, primarily in the alignment of shoulders, trunk and pelvis, and a decrease in pain in the upper limbs and spine, were observed.
authors.affiliation: Specialist in Plastic Surgery by Brazilian Society of Plastic Surgery; São Francisco Hospital, Florianópolis;
authors.forename: Remi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Goulart
authors.affiliation: Biomechanics Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Detanico
authors.affiliation: Biomechanics Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberta Pires
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Vasconcellos
authors.affiliation: Biomechanics Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gustavo Ricardo
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Schütz
authors.affiliation: Biomechanics Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
authors.forename: Saray Giovana
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Dos Santos
keywords: Breast hypertrophy; Mammoplasty; Pain; Posture