title: Stent salvage of arteriovenous fistulas and grafts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study analyzes our experience using stents to salvage dysfunctional hemodialysis access sites at a single institution.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the outcomes of 42 consecutive patients who had covered (36 patients) or bare-metal (9 patients) stent intervention for hemodialysis access salvage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of our 42 male patients, 11 had stent salvage of an arteriovenous fistula, which yielded postintervention primary and secondary 6-month patencies of 27% and 55%, respectively. For 31 patients with arteriovenous grafts, the postintervention primary and secondary 6-month patencies were 26% and 29%, respectively. Patency rates were superior for stents placed in patent access sites, in fistulas compared to grafts, and when stents were placed in forearm sites although only the latter achieved statistical significance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stents can extend patency for the thrombosed or failing arteriovenous access, but results are poor once thrombosis has occurred. Stent placement appears to be more effective in fistulas compared to grafts.
authors.affiliation: Veterans Administration Long Beach Healthcare System, Department of Surgery, Long Beach, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Jesus G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Ulloa
authors.forename: Vincent E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Kirkpatrick
authors.forename: Samuel E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Russell A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001166:Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002140:California; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D057510:Endovascular Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008670:Metals; D008875:Middle Aged; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014654:Vascular Patency
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D008670:Metals
keywords: arteriovenous fistula; arteriovenous graft; covered stent; hemodialysis; pseudoaneurysm; stent