title: Synaptosomal acetylcholinesterase activity variation pattern in the presence of electromagnetic fields.
abstract: Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is the enzyme that controls the acetylcholine (ACh) concentrations in cholinergic synaptic clefts by hydrolyzing ACh to choline and acetate. Cholinergic synapses are involved in important functions such as learning, memory and cognition. In this study, we investigated the effects of a wide range of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) on synaptic ACh concentrations through AChE enzyme activity assay. Synaptosome suspensions were prepared as a neural terminus from cerebral cortex of sheep brain. Prepared synaptosomes were exposed to ELF-EMFs with frequency ranging from 50 Hz to 230 Hz for duration between 15 and 120 min and flux intensity between 0.1 mT and 1.7 mT. Consequently, AChE activity was measured by Ellman method. Raw data were analyzed by neural network based software, Inform 4.02, to predict AChE activity pattern through nine 3D curves. These curves showed that AChE activity decreases when exposed to ELF-EMFs of 1.2 mT to 1.7 mT intensity and 50 Hz to 90 Hz frequency. Thus, it is proposed that exposure to fields of in this range of frequency-intensity would be effective in clinical treatments of cholinergic disorders to increase synaptic ACh concentration. However, more in vivo experiments are needed to develop this suggested treatment.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (I.B.B.), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Afrasiabi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (I.B.B.), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: riazi@ibb.ut.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Gholam Hossein
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Riazi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
authors.forename: Shayan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abbasi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (I.B.B.), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dadras
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Behafarid
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ghalandari
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (I.B.B.), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seidkhani
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Mohamad Sadegh
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Modaresi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (I.B.B.), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Neda
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Masoudian
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Technologies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amani
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (I.B.B.), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Shahin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmadian
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000378:metabolism; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016571:Neural Networks, Computer; D012756:Sheep; D013569:Synapses / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D013574:Synaptosomes / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000528:radiation effects*
chemical_list: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D000109:Acetylcholine
keywords: Acetylcholinesterase; Artificial neural network; Extremely low frequency electromagnetic field; Synaptosome