title: Update on banned substances 2013.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Doping has been pervasive throughout the history of athletic competitions and has only recently been regulated by organizations such as the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), US Anti-Doping Agency (USADA), and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). These regulatory bodies were created to preserve fair play and maintain the safety of the participants. Their updated 2013 lists of banned substances and practices include a variety of drugs and practices that could cause harm to an athlete or give one an unfair competitive advantage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Published websites for the WADA, USADA, and NCAA were investigated. These governing bodies update and publish their lists annually.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The WADA, USADA, and NCAA monitor anabolic steroids, hormones, growth factors, β-agonists, hormone and metabolic modulators, masking agents, street drugs, manipulation of blood and blood components, chemical and physical manipulation, gene doping, stimulants, narcotics, glucocorticosteroids, and β-blockers. Some substances may be used by athletes but require formal exemption. The WADA has also recently created a category of nonapproved substances that have yet to be identified to curb athletes from experimenting with new doping agents.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The lists of banned substances and practices per the WADA, USADA, and NCAA are in place to ensure the integrity of sports and maintain safe competition. Health care providers who work with athletes under the jurisdiction of these organizations should review updated lists of banned substances when prescribing medications.
authors.affiliation: Elon University, Elon, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Kenneth P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.affiliation: Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Catherine R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Rainbow
keywords: NCAA; USADA; WADA; athletes; banned substances and practices; governing bodies; updated lists