title: Promotion of quality standard of herbal medicine by constituent removing and adding.
abstract: To identify major active constituents and measure their levels in a typical medicinal herb-Rhizoma coptidis, we applied the concept of removing and adding, taking inspiration from functional genetic methods. As this herb has bacteriostatic properties and is used to treat bacterial diarrhea, we examined the effects of individual constituents (berberine, palmatine, coptisine, epiberberine, jateorrhizine and columbamine) on the growth of Shigella dysenteriae with microcalorimetry. The removing and adding procedures revealed that berberine and coptisine were the main antibacterial constituents of R. coptidis, with bacteriostatic activities of 54.10% and 39.75%, respectively. The relative levels of berberine and coptisine in R. coptidis were 8.08%-31.92% and 4.05%-14.45%, respectively. On the basis of whole effect, the method of constituents removing and adding, coupled with a bioassay, is a useful strategy to identify the active constituents and measure their levels in herbal medicines, which may provide reference to other natural products.
authors.affiliation: 1] China Military Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Military 302 Hospital, Beijing 100039, China [2] National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China [3].
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: 1] China Military Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Military 302 Hospital, Beijing 100039, China [2].
authors.forename: Junxian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 1] China Military Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Military 302 Hospital, Beijing 100039, China [2] College of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China [3].
authors.forename: Yin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: China Military Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Military 302 Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Congen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100094, China.
authors.forename: Jiaoyang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Beijing Physical Examination Center, Beijing 100077, China.
authors.forename: Yumei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: China Military Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Military 302 Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Ruiling
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: China Military Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Military 302 Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Beijing Physical Examination Center, Beijing 100077, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: China Military Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Military 302 Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Jiangyu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: China Military Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Military 302 Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Lingling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China.
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100094, China.
authors.forename: Yuling
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: China Military Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Military 302 Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Xueai
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: China Military Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Military 302 Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Xiaohe
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000592:standards; D029001:Herbal Medicine / Q000592:standards*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal