title: Emodin Isolated from Polygoni cuspidati Radix Inhibits TNF-α and IL-6 Release by Blockading NF-κB and MAP Kinase Pathways in Mast Cells Stimulated with PMA Plus A23187.
abstract: Emodin, a naturally occurring anthraquinone derivative isolated from Polygoni cuspidati radix, has several beneficial pharmacologic effects, which include anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, the authors examined the effect of emodin on the production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6, in mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) plus the calcium ionophore A23187. To investigate the mechanism responsible for the regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine production by emodin, the authors assessed its effects on the activations of transcriptional factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Emodin attenuated the nuclear translocation of (NF)-κB p65 and its DNA-binding activity by reducing the phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα and the phosphorylation of IκB kinase B (IKK). Furthermore, emodin dose-dependently attenuated the phosphorylations of MAPKs, such as, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), p38 MAP kinase, and the stress-activated protein kinases (SAPK)/c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK). Taken together, the findings of this study suggest that the anti-inflammatory effects of emodin on PMA plus A23187-stimulated BMMCs are mediated via the inhibition of NF-κB activation and of the MAPK pathway.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China, College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea ; College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Tae
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Xian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Mi Jin
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Pil-Hoon
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Lark
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Keun
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Son
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyeun Wook
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Chang
keywords: Bone marrow-derived mast cells; Emodin; Mitogen-activated protein kinase; NF-κB; PMA plus A23187; Pro-inflammatory cytokine