title: Regulation of adiponectin multimerization, signaling and function.
abstract: Adiponectin, which exists in serum in three major complexes including trimer, hexamer, and the high molecular weight (HMW) form, has strong insulin sensitizing, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic functions. Different adiponectin complexes exert tissue-specific biological functions and activate distinct signaling pathways. In this review, we summarize our current understanding on the mechanisms regulating adiponectin multimerization. We also describe the major target tissues in which distinct adiponectin multimers exert their functional roles. Finally, we discuss the potential involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial stress in diet-induced adiponectin downregulation and highlight the roles of Disulfide bond A oxidoreductase-like protein (DsbA-L) in the prevention of endoplasmic reticulum stress and promotion of adiponectin multimerization, stability, and function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Second Xiangya Hospital, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center and Diabetes Center, Institute of Aging and Geriatric Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Hunan, China. Electronic address: lium2@uthscsa.edu.
authors.forename: Meilian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Second Xiangya Hospital, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center and Diabetes Center, Institute of Aging and Geriatric Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Hunan, China. Electronic address: liuf@uthscsa.edu.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects; D059865:Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D055503:Protein Multimerization; D055550:Protein Stability; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; C487896:GSTK1 protein, human; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases
keywords: DsbA-L; ER stress; adiponectin; adiponectin multimerization; adiponectin multimers