title: Aromatic ligands for plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid chromatographic analysis and purification: an overview.
abstract: The aromatic ring systems are among the most stable chemical structures known and in combination with many other chemical groups, they can originate an extraordinary variety of molecules, with interesting chemical and physical properties. Many aromatic molecules have been applied for the purification of various biomolecules, such as proteins, carbohydrates and nucleic acids. Combining aromatic chromatography with optimized production, extraction and clarification procedures, can offer a number of advantages for pharmaceutical plasmid DNA (pDNA) purification. This review focuses on pDNA chromatographic purification and analysis using aromatic ligands. The goal is to give an updated view of all existing aromatic ligands, their main characteristics, applicability and technical features of the chromatographic methods in which they have been applied. Also, a critical assessment of each method is performed as well as a comparison of the different procedures, their key features and limitations.
authors.affiliation: CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Department of Chemistry, University of Beira Interior, Rua Marquês d'Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Caramelo-Nunes
authors.affiliation: CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Department of Chemistry, University of Beira Interior, Rua Marquês d'Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.affiliation: Center of Chemistry, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Marcos
authors.affiliation: CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Department of Chemistry, University of Beira Interior, Rua Marquês d'Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal. Electronic address: ctomaz@ubi.pt.
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Tomaz
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D001555:Benzene Derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D001897:Boronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D002845:Chromatography / Q000379:methods; D004247:DNA / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004133:Diminazene / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000737:chemistry; D008024:Ligands; D010617:Phenanthridines / Q000737:chemistry; D010957:Plasmids; D011803:Quinine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D013440:Sulfides / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D001555:Benzene Derivatives; D001897:Boronic Acids; D007093:Imidazoles; D008024:Ligands; D010617:Phenanthridines; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D013440:Sulfides; D004247:DNA; D011803:Quinine; C003915:diminazene aceturate; D004133:Diminazene
keywords: Analytical chromatography; Aromatic ligands; Preparative chromatography; pDNA purification