title: The probiotic Lactobacillus coryniformis CECT5711 reduces the vascular pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory status in obese mice.
abstract: Obesity is associated with intestine dysbiosis and is characterized by a low-grade inflammatory status, which affects vascular function. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of a probiotic with immunomodulatory properties, Lactobacillus coryniformis CECT5711, in obese mice fed on an HFD (high-fat diet). The probiotic treatment was given for 12 weeks, and it did not affect the weight evolution, although it reduced basal glycaemia and insulin resistance. L. coryniformis administration to HFD-induced obese mice induced marked changes in microbiota composition and reduced the metabolic endotoxaemia as it decreased the LPS (lipopolysaccharide) plasma level, which was associated with a significant improvement in gut barrier disruption. Furthermore, it lowered TNFα (tumour necrosis factor α) expression in liver, improving the inflammatory status, and thus the glucose metabolism. Additionally, the probiotic reversed the endothelial dysfunction observed in obese mice when endothelium- and NO (nitric oxide)-dependent vasodilatation induced by acetylcholine in aortic rings was studied. It also restored the increased vessel superoxide levels observed in obese mice, by reducing NADPH oxidase activity and increasing antioxidant enzymes. Moreover, chronic probiotic administration for 2 weeks also improved endothelial dysfunction and vascular oxidative stress induced by in vivo administration of LPS in control mice fed on a standard chow diet. The results of the present study demonstrate an endothelial-protective effect of L. coryniformis CECT5711 in obese mice by increasing NO bioavailability, suggesting the therapeutic potential of this gut microbiota manipulation to prevent vasculopathy in obesity.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toral
authors.affiliation: *Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gómez-Guzmán
authors.forename: Rosario
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jiménez
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Romero
authors.affiliation: *Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.forename: María Pilar
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Utrilla
authors.affiliation: ‡CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, Center for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Natividad
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Garrido-Mesa
authors.forename: María Elena
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Cabezas
authors.affiliation: §Research Department of Biosearch, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Mónica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olivares
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gálvez
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Duarte
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003106:Colon / Q000382:microbiology; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000628:therapy; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D007778:Lactobacillus; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008820:Mice, Obese; D064307:Microbiota; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016877:Oxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D019936:Probiotics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016877:Oxidants; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha