title: PirB is a novel potential therapeutic target for enhancing axonal regeneration and synaptic plasticity following CNS injury in mammals.
abstract: A major barrier to axonal regeneration in mammals is the unfavorable extracellular environment that develops following injury to the central nervous system (CNS). In particular, three myelin-associated inhibitory proteins (MAIs) - Nogo, myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) and oligodendrocyte myelin glycoprotein (OMgp) - are known to inhibit axonal regeneration and functional recovery. These MAIs share a common receptor, glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored Nogo receptor (NgR). However, paired immunoglobulin-like receptor B (PirB) - which was originally identified as a receptor for class I major histocompatibility complex (MHCI) in the immune system - is also expressed in neurones and plays a similarly inhibitory role in axonal regeneration and synaptic plasticity following CNS injury through its association with MAIs. Importantly, suppression of PirB activity through antibody antagonism or genetic means can partially relieve the inhibition of neurite outgrowth in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we present the molecular features, expression patterns and known signaling pathways of PirB, and we specifically focus on putative roles for PirB in the CNS and its potential as a target of molecular therapies for enhancing axonal regeneration and synaptic plasticity following CNS injury.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, China West Normal University , Nanchong , China and.
authors.forename: Zhaoyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gou
authors.forename: Yajing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mi
authors.forename: Fengliang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xingchun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000187:drug effects; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D008024:Ligands; C105949:Pirb protein, mouse; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic
keywords: Axonal regeneration; MAG; MHCI; Nogo; OMgp; myelin-associated inhibitory proteins; neuroimmunology; signaling pathway; synaptic plasticity