title: Three-dimensional printing of strontium-containing mesoporous bioactive glass scaffolds for bone regeneration.
abstract: In this study, we fabricated strontium-containing mesoporous bioactive glass (Sr-MBG) scaffolds with controlled architecture and enhanced mechanical strength using a three-dimensional (3-D) printing technique. The study showed that Sr-MBG scaffolds had uniform interconnected macropores and high porosity, and their compressive strength was ∼170 times that of polyurethane foam templated MBG scaffolds. The physicochemical and biological properties of Sr-MBG scaffolds were evaluated by ion dissolution, apatite-forming ability and proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, osteogenic expression and extracelluar matrix mineralization of osteoblast-like cells MC3T3-E1. The results showed that Sr-MBG scaffolds exhibited a slower ion dissolution rate and more significant potential to stabilize the pH environment with increasing Sr substitution. Importantly, Sr-MBG scaffolds possessed good apatite-forming ability, and stimulated osteoblast cells' proliferation and differentiation. Using dexamethasone as a model drug, Sr-MBG scaffolds also showed a sustained drug delivery property for use in local drug delivery therapy, due to their mesoporous structure. Therefore, the 3-D printed Sr-MBG scaffolds combined the advantages of Sr-MBG such as good bone-forming bioactivity, controlled ion release and drug delivery and enhanced mechanical strength, and had potential application in bone regeneration.
authors.affiliation: School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, People's Republic of China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shichang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: zjf2412@163.com.
authors.forename: Yufang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yinjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, People's Republic of China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Cuilian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: zhangchangq@yahoo.com.cn.
authors.forename: Changqing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001031:Apatites / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D019245:Compressive Strength / Q000187:drug effects; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007477:Ions; D051379:Mice; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009584:Nitrogen; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D016062:Porosity; D011327:Printing / Q000379:methods*; D012996:Solutions; D013324:Strontium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013696:Temperature; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001031:Apatites; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D007477:Ions; D012996:Solutions; D003907:Dexamethasone; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D009584:Nitrogen; D013324:Strontium
keywords: 3-D printing; Bone regeneration; Mesoporous bioactive glass; Scaffolds; Strontium