title: Unexpected evolutionary proximity of eukaryotic and cyanobacterial enzymes responsible for biosynthesis of retinoic acid and its oxidation.
abstract: Biosynthesis of retinoic acid from retinaldehyde (retinal) is catalysed by an aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and its oxidation by cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs). Herein we show by phylogenetic analysis that the ALDHs and CYPs in the retinoic acid pathway in animals are much closer in evolutionary terms to cyanobacterial orthologs than would be expected from the standard models of evolution.
authors.affiliation: Division of Microbiology and Infection, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Millard
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Scanlan
authors.forename: Connor
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gallagher
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marsh
authors.forename: Paul C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000445:Aldehyde Oxidoreductases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000818:Animals; D005075:Biological Evolution; D000458:Cyanobacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D056890:Eukaryota / Q000145:classification / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010802:Phylogeny; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014212:Tretinoin; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D000445:Aldehyde Oxidoreductases