title: Management of gastrointestinal and liver diseases during pregnancy.
abstract: In the majority of patients with chronic gastrointestinal and liver diseases, maintenance therapy is required during pregnancy to control the disease, and disease follow-up or disease control might necessitate endoscopy. Evidence on the safety of drugs and imaging techniques during pregnancy is scarce and sometimes difficult to interpret. In this review we summarise existing literature with the aim of optimising counselling of patients with common chronic gastrointestinal and liver diseases who want to conceive.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: C Janneke
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: van der Woude
authors.forename: Herold J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Metselaar
authors.forename: Silvio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Danese
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D042882:Gallstones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography
keywords: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy; Functional Bowel Disorder; Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease; IBD; Liver