title: The pressure cooker technique for the treatment of brain AVMs.
abstract: Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) may be cured by injecting liquid embolic agents such as Onyx. Reflux, however, can sometimes be difficult to control and may jeopardize a complete embolization. The pressure cooker technique (PCT) was designed to create an anti-reflux plug by trapping the detachable part of an Onyx-compatible microcatheter with coils and glue in order to obtain wedge-flow conditions, thereby enabling a better understanding of macrofistulous AVMs and a more comprehensive, forceful and controlled Onyx embolization. The PCT might enlarge the range of AVMs amenable to endovascular cure. Three illustrative cases are presented.
authors.affiliation: Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus Hospital, Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Strasse 21, 45131 Essen, Germany. Electronic address: rene.chapot@krupp-krankenhaus.de.
authors.forename: René
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chapot
authors.affiliation: Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus Hospital, Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Strasse 21, 45131 Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stracke
authors.affiliation: Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus Hospital, Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Strasse 21, 45131 Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Aglaé
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Velasco
authors.affiliation: Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus Hospital, Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Strasse 21, 45131 Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Hannes
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nordmeyer
authors.affiliation: Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus Hospital, Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Strasse 21, 45131 Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heddier
authors.affiliation: Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus Hospital, Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Strasse 21, 45131 Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stauder
authors.affiliation: Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus Hospital, Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Strasse 21, 45131 Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schooss
authors.affiliation: Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus Hospital, Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Strasse 21, 45131 Essen, Germany; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, CH-1011, rue du Bugnon 46, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Pascal J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Mosimann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D004659:Enbucrilate / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005260:Female; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000295:instrumentation; D002538:Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011312:Pressure; D011859:Radiography; D014014:Tissue Adhesives / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D062666:Vascular Access Devices; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006490:Hemostatics; C450660:Onyx copolymer; D011145:Polyvinyls; D014014:Tissue Adhesives; D004659:Enbucrilate; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide
keywords: Brain AVM; Coils; Embolization; Glue; Onyx; Pressure cooker