title: Effects of azelnidipine on uric acid metabolism in patients with essential hypertension.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine effects of a long-acting calcium channel blocker (CCB) azelnidipine on uric acid metabolism in hypertensive patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Azelnidipine was administered to 72 patients at a daily dose of 8 mg or 16 mg. In 22 cases out of the 72 patients, a different CCB was switched to azelnidipine. Blood pressure was measured and biochemical parameters of blood and urine were evaluated before and 2-3 months after the administration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Azelnidipine significantly decreased both systolic and diastolic blood pressure and the heart rate. It decreased both serum urate levels and the urinary uric acid to creatinine ratio (Uur/Ucr), but did not affect the uric acid clearance to creatinine clearance ratio (Cur/Ccr). Azelnidipine decreased both Uur/Ucr and Cur/Ccr in patients with Uur/Ucr ≥ 0.5 or ≥ 0.34, although it did not change these clearance parameters in patients with Uur/Ucr <0.5 or <0.34. Azelnidipine decreased the serum urate levels and Uur/Ucr in hyperuricemic patients with uric acid levels ≥ 7.0 mg/dL in males and ≥ 6.0 mg/dL in females. It did not change these parameters in normouricemic patients with serum urate levels <7.0 mg/dL in males and <6.0 mg/dL in females. Azelnidipine decreased Uur/Ucr and Cur/Ccr in hyperuricemic patients with normal or over excretion of uric acid, although it did not change these clearance parameters in hyperuricemic patients with uric acid hypoexcretion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Azelnidipine decreased the serum urate acid levels and Uur/Ucr, and this response was most prominent in hyperuricemic patients or patients with normal and over excretion of uric acid.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Nojima Hospital , Kurayoshi , Japan .
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: Shigemasa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ohtahara
authors.forename: Einosuke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mizuta
authors.forename: Yasutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Masanari
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuwabara
authors.forename: Yoshihito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nosaka
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Igawa
authors.forename: Kazuhide
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogino
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Haruaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ninomiya
authors.forename: Jidong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Moriwaki
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hisatome
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001383:Azetidinecarboxylic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000378:metabolism; D004095:Dihydropyridines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000075222:Essential Hypertension; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D004095:Dihydropyridines; D014527:Uric Acid; D001383:Azetidinecarboxylic Acid; D003404:Creatinine; C061679:azelnidipine
keywords: Azelnidipine; calcium channel blocker; hypertension; serum urate; uric acid production