title: Hemicerebellitis: Report of three paediatric cases and review of the literature.
abstract: Acute inflammation of a single cerebellar hemisphere (hemicerebellitis) is a rare disorder of unknown origin. The clinical presentation is mainly characterized by headache, ataxia, dysmetria, and vomiting. In addition, some children may develop severe intracranial hypertension. The neuroimaging of hemicerebellitis raises a challenging differential diagnosis, particularly with posterior fossa tumours. Although there is no standard treatment for hemicerebellitis, its outcome is usually favourable. However, ipsilateral hemicerebellar atrophy develops in up to half of cases, and a minority of children may show persisting fine motor and/or neurocognitive sequelae. In this article, we contribute with three new reports and review a total of 35 cases of hemicerebellitis.
authors.affiliation: Paediatrics, Niño Jesús Children's Hospital, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: fernando.carceller@yahoo.es.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Carceller Lechón
authors.affiliation: Paediatric Neurology, Niño Jesús Children's Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Duat Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Paediatric Radiology, Niño Jesús Children's Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Sara I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Sirvent Cerdá
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Komel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Khabra
authors.affiliation: Pathology Department, Niño Jesús Children's Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Inmaculada
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: de Prada
authors.affiliation: Paediatric Neurology, Niño Jesús Children's Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan Jose
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: García-Peñas
authors.affiliation: Paediatrics, Niño Jesús Children's Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Madero López
mesh_terms: D002526:Cerebellar Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000473:pathology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D059906:Neuroimaging
keywords: Cerebellar ataxia; Cerebellitis; Hemicerebellitis; Posterior fossa tumour