title: Is there a practical way of predicting therapeutic success in type 2 diabetes on the basis of psychological features? Development and validation of the Psychological Predictors of Therapeutic success in Diabetes (PPTD) questionnaire.
abstract: Many psychiatric disorders and symptoms have been associated with impaired metabolic control in type 2 diabetes; several studies focused on non-pathological psychological features. Aims of this observational, longitudinal study are: the assessment of the impact of a wide range of psychological factors on metabolic control in type 2 diabetes; and the development and validation of a simple questionnaire to assess the impact of psychological factors on therapeutic success. To identify psychological factors interfering with attainment of glycemic targets, a prospective 1-year study was performed on a sample of 250 patients with type 2 diabetes. The impact of identified factors on therapeutic outcome was then subsequently verified on a further, independent sample of 200 patients. The first phase of the study allowed the development of a 19-items questionnaire, the Psychological Predictors of Therapeutic success in Diabetes (PPTD) questionnaire. Validation analyses showed that the questionnaire was able to predict therapeutic success. Patients with HbA1c ≤7% (53 mmol/mol) at follow-up showed higher test scores than those with HbA1c >7% [31.0 (26.2; 35.0) vs 28.0 (23.0; 32.0); p = 0.016]. The attainment and maintenance of therapeutic goals in patients with type 2 diabetes depend on a wide range of factors. The PPTD is an attempt at condensing the complexity of psychological factors affecting glycemic control in a simple and easy-to-use self-reported questionnaire, which can be used in wide-scale research.
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Agency, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Careggi Teaching Hospital, University of Florence, Via delle Oblate 4, 50141, Florence, Italy, docrot@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rotella
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dicembrini
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lazzeretti
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bigiarini
authors.forename: Valdo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ricca
authors.forename: Carlo Maria
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Rotella
authors.forename: Edoardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mannucci
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D011379:Prognosis; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods*; D012647:Self-Assessment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome