title: Adiponectin as a routine clinical biomarker.
abstract: Adiponectin is a protein synthesized and secreted predominantly by adipocytes into the peripheral blood. However, circulating adiponectin level is inversely related with body weight, especially visceral fat accumulation. The mechanism of this paradoxical relation remains obscure. Low circulating adiponectin concentrations (hypoadiponectinemia; <4 μg/mL) are associated with a variety of diseases, including dysmetabolism (type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, hyperuricemia), atherosclerosis (coronary artery disease, stroke, peripheral artery disease), sleep apnea, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, gastritis and gastro-esophageal reflux disease, inflammatory bowel diseases, pancreatitis, osteoporosis, and cancer (endometrial cancer, postmenopausal breast cancer, leukemia, colon cancer, gastric cancer, prostate cancer). On the other hand, hyperadiponectinemia is associated with cardiac, renal and pulmonary diseases. This review article focuses on the significance of adiponectin as a clinical biomarker of obesity-related diseases. Routine measurement of adiponectin in patients with lifestyle-related diseases is highly recommended.
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. Electronic address: kkishida@imed2.med.osaka-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kishida
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Funahashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Iichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shimomura
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood* / Q000172:deficiency*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000378:metabolism; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008661:Metabolism, Inborn Errors / Q000097:blood*; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D055503:Protein Multimerization; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: adiponectin; hypoadiponectinemia; obesity-related diseases; visceral fat