title: Diversity of the cassiicolin gene in Corynespora cassiicola and relation with the pathogenicity in Hevea brasiliensis.
abstract: Corynespora cassiicola is an important plant pathogenic Ascomycete causing the damaging Corynespora Leaf Fall (CLF) disease in rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis). A small secreted glycoprotein named cassiicolin was previously described as an important effector of C. cassiicola. In this study, the diversity of the cassiicolin-encoding gene was analysed in C. cassiicola isolates sampled from various hosts and geographical origins. A cassiicolin gene was detected in 47 % of the isolates, encoding up to six distinct protein isoforms. In three isolates, two gene variants encoding cassiicolin isoforms Cas2 and Cas6 were found in the same isolate. A phylogenetic tree based on four combined loci and elucidating the diversity of the whole collection was strongly structured by the toxin class, as defined by the cassiicolin isoform. The isolates carrying the Cas1 gene (toxin class Cas1), all grouped in the same highly supported clade, were found the most aggressive on two rubber tree cultivars. Some isolates in which no Cas gene was detected could nevertheless generate moderate symptoms, suggesting the existence of other yet uncharacterized effectors. This study provides a useful base for future studies of C. cassiicola population biology and epidemiological surveys in various host plants.
authors.affiliation: CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont-Université, Université Blaise Pascal, UMR 547 PIAF, BP 10448, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Marine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Déon
authors.affiliation: Clermont-Université, Université Blaise Pascal, UMR 547 PIAF, BP 10448, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Boris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fumanal
authors.affiliation: CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UMR BGPI, F-34398 Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Stéphanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gimenez
authors.affiliation: CIRAD, UMR BGPI, F-34398 Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bieysse
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR CEP 8702-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Unit, RRIM, Malaysian Rubber Board, P.O. Box 10150, 50908 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Siti Shuhada
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Shuib
authors.affiliation: CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-34398 Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Breton
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Unit, RRIM, Malaysian Rubber Board, P.O. Box 10150, 50908 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Sunderasan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Elumalai
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR CEP 8702-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: João B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Vida
authors.affiliation: CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-34398 Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seguin
authors.affiliation: CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-34398 Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Leroy
authors.affiliation: Clermont-Université, Université Blaise Pascal, UMR 547 PIAF, BP 10448, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Roeckel-Drevet
authors.affiliation: CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont-Université, Université Blaise Pascal, UMR 547 PIAF, BP 10448, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France. Electronic address: valerie.pujade-renaud@cirad.fr.
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pujade-Renaud
mesh_terms: D001203:Ascomycota / Q000235:genetics*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D028482:Hevea / Q000382:microbiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D009183:Mycotoxins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D037521:Virulence Factors; C518676:cassiicolin, Corynespora cassiicola
keywords: Corynespora Leaf Fall; Pathogen effector; Phylogeny; Rubber tree; Toxin class