title: TEMPRANILLO is a regulator of juvenility in plants.
abstract: Many plants are incapable of flowering in inductive daylengths during the early juvenile vegetative phase (JVP). Arabidopsis mutants with reduced expression of TEMPRANILLO (TEM), a repressor of flowering locus T (FT) had a shorter JVP than wild-type plants. Reciprocal changes in mRNA expression of TEM and FT were observed in both Arabidopsis and antirrhinum, which correlated with the length of the JVP. FT expression was induced just prior to the end of the JVP and levels of TEM1 mRNA declined rapidly at the time when FT mRNA levels were shown to increase. TEM orthologs were isolated from antirrhinum (AmTEM) and olive (OeTEM) and were expressed most highly during their juvenile phase. AmTEM functionally complemented AtTEM1 in the tem1 mutant and over-expression of AmTEM prolonged the JVP through repression of FT and CONSTANS (CO). We propose that TEM may have a general role in regulating JVP in herbaceous and woody species.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, West Midlands CV4 7AL, UK.
authors.forename: Tiziana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sgamma
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, West Midlands CV4 7AL, UK.
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.affiliation: Department of Agriculture, Forests, Nature and Energy, University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis snc, Viterbo 01100, Italy.
authors.forename: Rosario
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Muleo
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, West Midlands CV4 7AL, UK.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, West Midlands CV4 7AL, UK.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Massiah
mesh_terms: D032161:Antirrhinum / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D035264:Flowers / Q000235:genetics; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C533191:TEM1 protein, Arabidopsis; D014157:Transcription Factors