title: Pain location and intensity impacts function in persons with myotonic dystrophy type 1 and facioscapulohumeral dystrophy with chronic pain.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We examined the effects of pain site and intensity on function in patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) and facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) and chronic pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Questionnaires assessing pain sites, pain extent (number of sites), pain intensity, and pain interference were completed by 182 individuals with DM1 (43%) or FSHD (57%) and chronic pain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a positive association between pain extent and intensity with pain interference, and a negative association with psychological functioning in both DM1 and FSHD. Pain intensity at specific sites had differential impact beyond the effects of pain intensity alone. Head pain intensity independently affected psychological functioning, whereas leg, foot, hip, and knee pain contributed independently to the prediction of pain interference.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pain site and intensity differentially modulates the effect of chronic pain on function in DM1 and FSHD patients. Researchers and clinicians should consider these factors when assessing and treating pain.
authors.affiliation: Unit for the Study and Treatment of Pain-ALGOS, Centre de Recerca en Avaluació i Mesura del Comportament, Institut d'Investigació Sanitria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Carretera de Valls s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Miró
authors.forename: Kevin J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Gertz
authors.forename: Gregory T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: Mark P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Jensen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018771:Arthralgia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D059350:Chronic Pain; D005260:Female; D006261:Headache / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020391:Muscular Dystrophy, Facioscapulohumeral / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D009223:Myotonic Dystrophy / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D019547:Neck Pain / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D010146:Pain / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology*; D017699:Pelvic Pain / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020069:Shoulder Pain / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy; myotonic dystrophy type 1; pain assessment; pain management; rehabilitation