title: Methods applied to the in vitro primary toxicology testing of natural products: state of the art, strengths, and limits.
abstract: The present review attempts to build up a comprehensive picture of the major primary techniques used to screen and assess the cytotoxicity of plant complex mixtures. These can be based on metabolic activity, on membrane integrity, on morphological features, on cell growth; the type of cell death can also be established from more or less specific events (e.g., apoptosis, autophagy, DNA damage detection, reactive oxygen species involvement). This review will discuss the benefits, the difficulties, and the challenges that may occur along cytotoxicity testing of raw extracts and isolated natural compounds.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Bromatology and Human Nutrition, Department of Biopharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Valérian
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bunel
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Moustapha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ouedraogo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Bromatology and Human Nutrition, Department of Biopharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Anh Tho
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Bromatology and Human Nutrition, Department of Biopharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stévigny
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Bromatology and Human Nutrition, Department of Biopharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Duez
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D055808:Drug Discovery / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D010936:Plant Extracts