title: Interleukin-8 is elevated in severe hand, foot, and mouth disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Enterovirus 71 (EV71) infections can cause hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), which is a potentially fatal illness in children. Epidemics of HFMD are seen every year globally and present an increasing threat to public health worldwide.
  
  
  METHODS
  To identify potential severity markers for severe HFMD, laboratory findings and levels of eight serum cytokines in 143 EV71-infected patients in Beijing You'an Hospital were analyzed. Patients were grouped by disease severity: Mild (no severe complications) (n = 59), isolated isolated brainstem encephalitis (BE) (n = 47), isolated pulmonary edema (PE) (n = 12), and BE+PE (n = 25).
  
  
  RESULTS
  IL-8 levels peaked at day one after admission and were found to be correlated to disease severity, maximal body temperature, and length of hospital stay. Among all tested cytokines, IL-8 was correlated to only IL-6 (p = 0.010). IL-6 and IL-10 were elevated in most patients (98.6% and 70.6%), but not correlated to disease severity (both p > 0.05). IFNγ was only negatively correlated to mild cases (p = 0.025).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IL-8 was correlated to disease severity of HFMD. IL-6 and IL-10, although elevated in most HFMD patients, were not correlated to disease severity.
authors.affiliation: Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. wangwen2121@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yuxuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Yanmei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.forename: Tongzeng
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Taiyi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Yakun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever; D006232:Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood*; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C508606:CXCL8 protein, human; D016209:Interleukin-8