title: AUF1 contributes to Cryptochrome1 mRNA degradation and rhythmic translation.
abstract: In the present study, we investigated the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of the mouse core clock gene cryptochrome 1 (Cry1) at the post-transcriptional level, particularly its translational regulation. Interestingly, the 3'UTR of Cry1 mRNA decreased its mRNA levels but increased protein amounts. The 3'UTR is widely known to function as a cis-acting element of mRNA degradation. The 3'UTR also provides a binding site for microRNA and mainly suppresses translation of target mRNAs. We found that AU-rich element RNA binding protein 1 (AUF1) directly binds to the Cry1 3'UTR and regulates translation of Cry1 mRNA. AUF1 interacted with eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit B and also directly associated with ribosomal protein S3 or ribosomal protein S14, resulting in translation of Cry1 mRNA in a 3'UTR-dependent manner. Expression of cytoplasmic AUF1 and binding of AUF1 to the Cry1 3'UTR were parallel to the circadian CRY1 protein profile. Our results suggest that the 3'UTR of Cry1 is important for its rhythmic translation, and AUF1 bound to the 3'UTR facilitates interaction with the 5' end of mRNA by interacting with translation initiation factors and recruiting the 40S ribosomal subunit to initiate translation of Cry1 mRNA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31 Hyoja-dong, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea, School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31 Hyoja-dong, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea and Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31 Hyoja-dong, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung-Ha
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sung-Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyo-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Wanil
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hwa-Rim
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Youngseob
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Jung-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Ka Young
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Sung Key
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Kyong-Tai
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D000818:Animals; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000235:genetics*; D056931:Cryptochromes / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D039642:Eukaryotic Initiation Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D000081035:Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein D0; D034502:Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein D / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D020871:RNA Stability; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; C538964:Cry1 protein, mouse; D056931:Cryptochromes; D039642:Eukaryotic Initiation Factors; C000630986:HNRNPD protein, human; D000081035:Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein D0; D034502:Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein D; C000630987:Hnrpd protein, mouse; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins