title: High Prevalence of Respiratory and Dermal Symptoms Among Ethiopian Flower Farm Workers.
abstract: The flower industry is among the most important export industries in Ethiopia, employing more than 50,000 workers. The working conditions and health status among workers in Ethiopian flower industry are not documented. A questionnaire-based interview was conducted among 213 flower industry workers from 3 flower farms and 60 control workers from supermarkets from February to March 2012. A walk-through survey was also performed on the 3 flower farms. Interviewed flower farm workers have high prevalences of respiratory and dermal symptoms, which are rarely reported among controls. Female workers inside the greenhouses on the 3 flower farms have significantly more respiratory and dermal symptoms than workers outside the greenhouse, also when adjusting for age and education. Limited access to personal protection equipment (PPE) and unsafe pesticide routines are documented. This study indicates that working in these flower greenhouses might be associated with adverse health effects.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Bergen , Bergen , Norway.
authors.forename: Vegard Mjelde
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Hanssen
authors.forename: Amare Workiye
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Nigatu
authors.forename: Zeyede Kebede
authors.initials: ZK
authors.lastname: Zeleke
authors.forename: Bente Elisabeth
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Moen
authors.forename: Magne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bråtveit
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000382:Agricultural Workers' Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005002:Ethiopia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D010575:Pesticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D015995:Prevalence; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010575:Pesticides
keywords: dermal symptoms; flower farms; greenhouses; pesticides; respiratory symptoms