title: Variations of culturable thermophilic microbe numbers and bacterial communities during the thermophilic phase of composting.
abstract: Composting is a process of stabilizing organic wastes through the degradation of biodegradable components by microbial communities under controlled conditions. In the present study, genera and species diversities, amylohydrolysis, protein and cellulose degradation abilities of culturable bacteria in the thermophilic phase of composting of cattle manure with plant ash and rice bran were investigated. The number of culturable thermophilic bacteria and actinomyces decreased with the increasing temperature. At the initiation and end of the thermophilic phase, genera and specie diversities and number of bacteria possessing degradation abilities were higher than during the middle phase. During the thermophilic composting phase, Bacillus, Geobacillus and Ureibacillus were the dominant genera, and Geobacillus thermodenitrificans was the dominant species. In later thermophilic phases, Geobacillus toebii and Ureibacillus terrenus were dominant. Bacillus, at the initiation, and Ureibacillus and Geobacillus, at the later phase, contributed the multiple degradation abilities. These data will facilitate the control of composting in the future.
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agricultural, Jiangsu Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Linzhi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yifei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Xinlan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mei
authors.forename: Biao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Qirong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002417:Cattle; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008372:Manure / Q000032:analysis / Q000382:microbiology*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012988:Soil Microbiology
chemical_list: D008372:Manure; D012987:Soil