title: Down syndrome with end-stage renal disease.
abstract: Down syndrome is one of the most common genetic causes of learning disabilities in children. Although the incidence of renal and urological involvement in Down syndrome is not very common, monitoring of patients with Down syndrome for renal diseases should be done regularly as patient's age into the second and third decades. With increased survival, it appears that a growing number of these patients present with chronic renal failure. Down syndrome patients are apparently not suited for peritoneal dialysis because of lacking cooperation. This procedure can be prone to failure, mainly because of an increased risk of peritonitis. Handling such patients especially those on peritoneal dialysis is challenging. Here we report a case of Down syndrome with end-stage renal disease treated with hemodialysis for 6 months. To the best of our knowledge and current literature review this is the first case report of a patient with Down syndrome undergoing hemodialysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Clinical Transplantation, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Dr H L Trivedi Institute Of Transplantation Sciences (IKDRC-ITS), Civil Hospital Campus, Ahmedabad, 380016 Gujarat India.
authors.forename: Vivek B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Kute
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology, Transfusion Services and Immunohematology, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Dr H L Trivedi Institute Of Transplantation Sciences, Ahmedabad, India.
authors.forename: Aruna V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Vanikar
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Clinical Transplantation, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Dr H L Trivedi Institute Of Transplantation Sciences (IKDRC-ITS), Civil Hospital Campus, Ahmedabad, 380016 Gujarat India.
authors.forename: Pankaj R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Clinical Transplantation, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Dr H L Trivedi Institute Of Transplantation Sciences (IKDRC-ITS), Civil Hospital Campus, Ahmedabad, 380016 Gujarat India.
authors.forename: Manoj R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Gumber
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Clinical Transplantation, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Dr H L Trivedi Institute Of Transplantation Sciences (IKDRC-ITS), Civil Hospital Campus, Ahmedabad, 380016 Gujarat India.
authors.forename: Himanshu V
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Clinical Transplantation, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Dr H L Trivedi Institute Of Transplantation Sciences (IKDRC-ITS), Civil Hospital Campus, Ahmedabad, 380016 Gujarat India.
authors.forename: Divyesh P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Engineer
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Clinical Transplantation, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Dr H L Trivedi Institute Of Transplantation Sciences (IKDRC-ITS), Civil Hospital Campus, Ahmedabad, 380016 Gujarat India.
authors.forename: Umang G
authors.initials: UG
authors.lastname: Thakkar
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Clinical Transplantation, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Dr H L Trivedi Institute Of Transplantation Sciences (IKDRC-ITS), Civil Hospital Campus, Ahmedabad, 380016 Gujarat India.
authors.forename: Hargovind L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Trivedi
keywords: Down syndrome; End-stage renal disease; Hemodialysis; Renal replacement therapy; Renal transplantation