title: [Assessment of endothelial function in autoimmune diseases].
abstract: Numerous autoimmune-inflammatory rheumatic diseases have been associated with accelerated atherosclerosis or other types of vasculopathy leading to an increase in cardiovascular disease incidence. In addition to traditional cardiovascular risk factors, endothelial dysfunction is an important early event in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, contributing to plaque initiation and progression. Endothelial dysfunction is characterized by a shift of the actions of the endothelium toward reduced vasodilation, a proinflammatory and a proadhesive state, and prothrombic properties. Therefore, assessment of endothelial dysfunction targets this vascular phenotype using several biological markers as indicators of endothelial dysfunction. Measurements of soluble adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin), pro-thrombotic factors (thrombomodulin, von Willebrand factor, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1) and inflammatory cytokines are most often performed. Regarding the functional assessment of the endothelium, the flow-mediated dilatation of conduit arteries is a non-invasive method widely used in pathophysiological and interventional studies. In this review, we will briefly review the most relevant information upon endothelial dysfunction mechanisms and explorations. We will summarize the similarities and differences in the biological and functional assessments of the endothelium in different autoimmune diseases.
authors.affiliation: Département de médecine interne, CHU de Rouen, 1, rue de Germont, 76031 Rouen cedex, France; Service de pharmacologie, CHU de Rouen, 1, rue de Germont, 76031 Rouen cedex, France; Inserm U 1096, faculté de médecine de Rouen, 22, boulevard Gambetta, 76183 Rouen cedex, France. Electronic address: ygal.benhamou@chu-rouen.fr.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Benhamou
authors.affiliation: Département de médecine interne, CHU de Rouen, 1, rue de Germont, 76031 Rouen cedex, France; Service de pharmacologie, CHU de Rouen, 1, rue de Germont, 76031 Rouen cedex, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bellien
authors.affiliation: Département de médecine interne, CHU de Rouen, 1, rue de Germont, 76031 Rouen cedex, France.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Armengol
authors.affiliation: Inserm U 1096, faculté de médecine de Rouen, 22, boulevard Gambetta, 76183 Rouen cedex, France.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gomez
authors.affiliation: Inserm U 1096, faculté de médecine de Rouen, 22, boulevard Gambetta, 76183 Rouen cedex, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Richard
authors.affiliation: Département de médecine interne, CHU de Rouen, 1, rue de Germont, 76031 Rouen cedex, France; Inserm U 1096, faculté de médecine de Rouen, 22, boulevard Gambetta, 76183 Rouen cedex, France.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lévesque
authors.affiliation: Service de pharmacologie, CHU de Rouen, 1, rue de Germont, 76031 Rouen cedex, France; Inserm U 1096, faculté de médecine de Rouen, 22, boulevard Gambetta, 76183 Rouen cedex, France.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Joannidès
mesh_terms: D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D018450:Disease Progression; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000097:blood; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000097:blood; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018180:Thrombomodulin / Q000097:blood; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D019040:E-Selectin; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D018180:Thrombomodulin; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D014841:von Willebrand Factor; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1
keywords: Antiphospholipid syndrome; Autoimmune diseases; Dilatation médiée par le flux; Dysfonction endothéliale; Endothelial dysfunction; Flow-mediated dilatation; Maladies auto-immunes; Syndrome des antiphospholipides