title: Dendritic cell-based vaccines: Shining the spotlight on signal 3.
abstract: Dendritic cell (DC)-based anticancer vaccines have yielded disappointing results in a multitude of clinical trials. New data suggest that the clinical efficacy of DC-based vaccines may be dependent on the paracrine production of interleukin-12 in the course of antigen presentation and the consequent development of therapeutic Type 1 CD8+T-cell immunity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine; Division of Oncology; Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis, MO USA.
authors.forename: Gerald P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Linette
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine; Division of Oncology; Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis, MO USA.
authors.forename: Beatriz M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Carreno
keywords: CD40L; CD8+ T cells; IL-12; dendritic cells; melanoma; vaccines