title: Bioactive compounds from Vitex leptobotrys.
abstract: A new lignan, vitexkarinol (1), as well as a known lignan, neopaulownin (2), a known chalcone, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-one (3), two known dehydroflavones, tsugafolin (4) and alpinetin (5), two known dipeptides, aurantiamide and aurantiamide acetate, a known sesquiterpene, vemopolyanthofuran, and five known carotenoid metabolites, vomifoliol, dihydrovomifoliol, dehydrovomifoliol, loliolide, and isololiolide, were isolated from the leaves and twigs of Vitex leptobotrys through bioassay-guided fractionation. The chalcone (3) was found to inhibit HIV-1 replication by 77% at 15.9 μM, and the two dehydroflavones (4 and 5) showed weak anti-HIV activity with IC50 values of 118 and 130 μM, respectively, while being devoid of cytotoxicity at 150 μM. A chlorophyll-enriched fraction of V. leptobotrys, containing pheophorbide a, was found to inhibit the replication of HIV-1 by 80% at a concentration of 10 μg/mL. Compounds 1 and 3 were further selected to be evaluated against 21 viral targets available at NIAID (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA).
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wenhui
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Kanglun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yifu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: Ghee Teng
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Nguyen Van
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: Nguyen Manh
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Cuong
authors.forename: D Doel
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Soejarto
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Pezzuto
authors.forename: Harry H S
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Fong
authors.forename: Hongjie
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019686:Lamiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D017705:Lignans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry; D014744:Vietnam
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D017705:Lignans; C000589339:vitexkarinol