title: Construct validity of the Chinese version of the Self-care of Heart Failure Index determined using structural equation modeling.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Self-care of Heart Failure Index (SCHFI) is an empirically tested instrument for measuring the self-care of patients with heart failure.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to develop a simplified Chinese version of the SCHFI and provide evidence for its construct validity.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 182 Chinese with heart failure were surveyed. A 2-step structural equation modeling procedure was applied to test construct validity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Factor analysis showed 3 factors explaining 43% of the variance. Structural equation model confirmed that self-care maintenance, self-care management, and self-care confidence are indeed indicators of self-care, and self-care confidence was a positive and equally strong predictor of self-care maintenance and self-care management. Moreover, self-care scores were correlated with the Partners in Health Scale, indicating satisfactory concurrent validity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Chinese version of the SCHFI is a theory-based instrument for assessing self-care of Chinese patients with heart failure.
authors.affiliation: Xiaofeng Kang, PhD, RN Nurse Researcher, School of Nursing, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. Cheryl R. Dennison Himmelfarb, PhD, RN, ANP, FAHA Associate Professor, School of Nursing and School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. Zheng Li, PhD, RN Professor, School of Nursing, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. Jian Zhang, MD Director, Cardiovascular Institute and Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. Rong Lv, RN Head Nurse, Cardiovascular Institute and Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. Jinyu Guo, RN Registered Nurse, Mphil student, School of Nursing, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Cheryl R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Dennison Himmelfarb
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: Jinyu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012648:Self Care; D020377:Self Efficacy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014175:Translating