title: An alternative technique to define and visualize columellar and nasal tip vectors. Improvement of mestizo nose.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  With some frequency, in mestizo rhinoplasty, we focus much of our attention on the nasal tip. This work also highlights the importance of obtaining a proper balance of the columella, achieving a pleasing visual effect of the vector lines that make up the nasal profile (columella and nasal tip vectors).
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a complete medical history in all patients and developed a surgical plan after nasal anatomy analysis. Pre- and postoperative photographs were obtained for medium and long term control.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We treated 112 patients with this surgical technique, 77 with an open approach and 35 with a closed approach. The results were documented in the short and long term with a range of 6 months to 5 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We feel that the use of an angulated extended columellar graft is highly polyfunctional, providing length, definition and support to nasal tip grafts. Because of the graft design, it is possible to predetermine the new columella length/tip, thus visualizing the columella and nasal tip vectors of the nasal profile. The angulated extension prevents cephalic-lateral-caudal displacements of the tip graft, and to some degree it is possible to increase or decrease nasal length depending on the angularity of the extension.
authors.affiliation: Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Service, "Dr. Jose E. González" University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México. Electronic address: goveayanko@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Yanko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Castro-Govea
authors.affiliation: Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Service, "Dr. Jose E. González" University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.
authors.forename: Abel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salazar-Lozano
authors.affiliation: Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Service, "Dr. Jose E. González" University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.
authors.forename: Osvaldo
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vázquez-Costilla
authors.affiliation: Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Service, "Dr. Jose E. González" University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.
authors.forename: Hernán
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chacón Moreno
authors.affiliation: Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Service, "Dr. Jose E. González" University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.
authors.forename: Mauricio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: García Pérez
authors.affiliation: Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Service, "Dr. Jose E. González" University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.
authors.forename: Raúl
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lozada Vázquez
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002356:Cartilage / Q000637:transplantation*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009300:Nasal Septum / Q000601:surgery*; D009667:Nose Deformities, Acquired / Q000601:surgery*; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D013536:Suture Techniques; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome