title: Hepatoprotective effect of Caesalpinia gilliesii and Cajanus cajan proteins against acetoaminophen overdose-induced hepatic damage.
abstract: This study aims to evaluate two proteins derived from the seeds of the plants Cajanus cajan (Leguminosae) and Caesalpinia gilliesii (Leguminosae) for their abilities to ameliorate the toxic effects of chronic doses of acetoaminphen (APAP) through the determination of certain biochemical parameters including liver marker enzymes: alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin. Also, total protein content and hepatic marker enzyme, lactate dehydrogenase were studied. Moreover, liver antioxidants, glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide, and lipid peroxides were determined in this study. Hepatic adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), adenylate energy charge (ATP, adenosine diphosphate, adenosine monophosphate, and inorganic phosphate), and phosphate potential, serum interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and myeloperoxidase were also examined in the present study. On the other hand, histopathological examination of intoxicated and liver treated with both proteins was taken into consideration. The present results show disturbances in all biochemical parameters and hepatic toxicity signs including mild vascular congestion, moderate inflammatory changes with moderate congested sinusoids, moderate nuclear changes (pyknosis), moderate centrilobular necrosis, fatty changes, nuclear pyknosis vascular congestion, and change in fatty centrilobular necrosis liver. Improvement in all biochemical parameters studied was noticed as a result of treatment intoxicated liver with C. gilliesii and C. cajan proteins either paracetamol with or post paracetamol treatment. These results were documented by the amelioration signs in rat's hepatic architecture. Thus, both plant protein extracts can upregulate and counteract the inflammatory process, minimize damage of the liver, delay disease progression, and reduce its complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Therapeutical Chemistry, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Maha Z
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Rizk
authors.affiliation: Department of Therapeutical Chemistry, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt han201355@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Hanan F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Aly
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailiya, Egypt.
authors.forename: Dina M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Abo-Elmatty
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Desoky
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.affiliation: Department of Therapeutical Chemistry, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Eman A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Younis
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000633:toxicity*; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000378:metabolism; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000378:metabolism; D029911:Caesalpinia / Q000737:chemistry*; D036561:Cajanus / Q000737:chemistry*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010940:Plant Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000082:Acetaminophen; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D009195:Peroxidase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D005978:Glutathione; D001663:Bilirubin
keywords: Acetoaminophen; Caesalpinia gilliesii; Cajanus cajan; antioxidants; cytokines