title: [Clinical analysis of protionamide and para-aminosalicylic acid induced hepatotoxicity in 129 cases].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in tuberculosis (TB) patients treated with protionamide (Pto) and (or) para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS), and therefore to provide data for using second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs and risk prediction of liver damage.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis was performed for TB patients treated with regimens containing Pto and (or) PAS in Beijing Chest Hospital during Jan. 2008 to Jan. 2013. Cases with DILI were identified, and associated factors including patients' age and gender, time of onset, severity, clinical manifestations and prognosis of DILI were analyzed. The 2 groups were compared with χ(2) test. P < 0.05 was considered to be significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 1714 cases were admitted, among whom 226 experienced liver damage during treatment, of which 97 cases were excluded because of underlying alcoholic liver disease, viral hepatitis B and C. Finally, 129 cases were diagnosed as having DILI, resulting in an overall incidence of 7.5% (129/1714), being 9.2% (59/641) in females, and 6.5% (70/1073) in males (χ(2) = 4.143, P < 0.05). DILI in most patients occurred between 1 week to 2 months, with 30.2% (39/129) within 2-4 weeks. 47.3% (61/129) of the patients showed no obvious clinical symptoms of hepatotoxicity. Among different regimens, combination of Pto, PAS and PZA resulted in the highest rate of DILI (20.7%, 19/92), while the rate was 9.8% (8/82) for the combination of Pto and PZA, P < 0.05.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DILI caused by Pto and PAS should be taken into account, especially in female patients and for multi-drug combination therapy. Liver function should be monitored even in patients without related clinical manifestations for early identification and treatment, and therefore avoiding severe liver damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Tuberculosis, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University & Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing 101149, China.
authors.forename: Qi-ping
authors.initials: QP
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: Department of Tuberculosis, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University & Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing 101149, China.
authors.forename: Qing-feng
authors.initials: QF
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Tuberculosis, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University & Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing 101149, China.
authors.forename: Hong-fei
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Department of Tuberculosis, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University & Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing 101149, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Tuberculosis, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University & Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing 101149, China. Email: dongchu1994@sina.com.
authors.forename: Nai-hui
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Chu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D010131:Aminosalicylic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011515:Prothionamide / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D010131:Aminosalicylic Acid; D011515:Prothionamide