title: Wasting among Uganda men with pulmonary tuberculosis is associated with linear regain in lean tissue mass during and after treatment in contrast to women with wasting who regain fat tissue mass: prospective cohort study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nutritional changes during and after tuberculosis treatment have not been well described. We therefore determined the effect of wasting on rate of mean change in lean tissue and fat mass as measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and mean change in body mass index (BMI) during and after tuberculosis treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective cohort study of 717 adult patients, BMI and height-normalized indices of lean tissue (LMI) and fat mass (FMI) as measured by BIA were assessed at baseline, 3, 12, and 24 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Men with wasting at baseline regained LMI at a greater rate than FMI (4.55 kg/m2 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.26, 7.83 versus 3.16 (95% CI: 0.80, 5.52)) per month, respectively during initial tuberculosis therapy. In contrast, women with wasting regained FMI at greater rate than LMI (3.55 kg/m2 (95% CI: 0.40, 6.70) versus 2.07 (95% CI: -0.74, 4.88)), respectively. Men with wasting regained BMI at a rate of 6.45 kg/m2 (95% CI: 3.02, 9.87) in the first three months whereas women, had a rate of 3.30 kg/m2 (95% CI: -0.11, 6.72). There were minimal changes in body composition after month 3 and during months 12 to 24.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Wasted tuberculosis patients regain weight with treatment but the type of gain differs by gender and patients may remain underweight after the initial phase of treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics & Child Health College of Health Sciences, Makerere University Kampala, Kampala, Uganda. mupez@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ezekiel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mupere
authors.forename: LaShaunda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Malone
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zalwango
authors.forename: Alphonse
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Okwera
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nsereko
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Tisch
authors.forename: Isabel M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Parraga
authors.forename: Catherine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: Roy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mugerwa
authors.forename: W Henry
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Boom
authors.forename: Harriet K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Mayanja
authors.forename: Christopher C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Whalen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002100:Cachexia / Q000209:etiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D017097:Electric Impedance; D005260:Female; D019247:HIV Wasting Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D014454:Uganda
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents