title: Kinetics of neurotransmitter release in neuromuscular synapses of newborn and adult rats.
abstract: The kinetics of the phasic synchronous and delayed asynchronous release of acetylcholine quanta was studied at the neuromuscular junctions of aging rats from infant to mature animals at various frequencies of rhythmic stimulation of the motor nerve. We found that in infants 6 (P6) and 10 (P10) days after birth a strongly asynchronous phase of quantal release was observed, along with a reduced number of quanta compared to the synapses of adults. The rise time and decay of uni-quantal end-plate currents were significantly longer in infant synapses. The presynaptic immunostaining revealed that the area of the synapses in infants was significantly (up to six times) smaller than in mature junctions. The intensity of delayed asynchronous release in infants increased with the frequency of stimulation more than in adults. A blockade of the ryanodine receptors, which can contribute to the formation of delayed asynchronous release, had no effect on the kinetics of delayed secretion in the infants unlike synapses of adults. Therefore, high degree of asynchrony of quantal release in infants is not associated with the activity of ryanodine receptors and with the liberation of calcium ions from intracellular calcium stores.
authors.affiliation: Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Post Box 30, 420111 Kazan, Russia.
authors.forename: Venera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Khuzakhmetova
authors.affiliation: Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Post Box 30, 420111 Kazan, Russia.
authors.forename: Dmitry
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Samigullin
authors.affiliation: Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Post Box 30, 420111 Kazan, Russia.
authors.forename: Leniz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nurullin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Vinicna 7, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Frantisek
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vyskočil
authors.affiliation: Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Post Box 30, 420111 Kazan, Russia; Kazan State Medical University, Butlerov st. 49, 420012 Kazan, Russia; Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya st. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia.
authors.forename: Evgeny
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nikolsky
authors.affiliation: Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Post Box 30, 420111 Kazan, Russia; Kazan State Medical University, Butlerov st. 49, 420012 Kazan, Russia; Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya st. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia. Electronic address: elbukhara@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ellya
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bukharaeva
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002038:Bungarotoxins / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005260:Female; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008297:Male; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic / Q000378:metabolism; D012433:Ryanodine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D055366:Synaptic Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D016708:Synaptophysin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002038:Bungarotoxins; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic; D016708:Synaptophysin; D012433:Ryanodine; C006014:8-(N,N-diethylamino)octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate; D005707:Gallic Acid
keywords: Developing neuromuscular junction; Kinetics of quantum release; Ryanodine receptors; Synaptic latency