title: Prevalence of and factors associated with distraction among public transit bus drivers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent research has suggested that driver distraction is a major cause of driving performance impairment and motor vehicle collisions. Research on the topic has focused on passenger vehicles, with studies suggesting that drivers may be distracted nearly 33 percent of the time spent driving. To date, no study has examined the prevalence of distraction specifically among public transit bus drivers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Over a 3-month period, trained investigators observed and recorded distraction behaviors of bus drivers. Distraction prevalence was compared by route characteristics (e.g., geographic area, travel speed) using chi-square test. A general estimating equation logistic regression was used to estimate P values for distraction prevalence by driver demographics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, there was a 39 percent prevalence of distraction. The most prevalent distractions were due to interactions with another passenger. Distractions were more prevalent among drivers <30 years of age or ≥ 50 years of age, on city streets or highways (relative to residential streets), and when there were more than 20 passengers. Distractions were the least prevalent in suburban areas, with the highest prevalence observed in city centers and rural areas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Driver distraction is a common problem for public transit bus drivers, mainly due to other passengers. Drivers should be educated on the hazards of distracted driving and on ways to avoid distraction.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health , University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham , Alabama.
authors.forename: Russell
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Griffin
authors.forename: Carrie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huisingh
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: McGwin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004779:Environment Design / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018986:Motor Vehicles; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014186:Transportation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
keywords: bus; distraction; driver; prevalence; public transit