title: Generalized platform for antibody detection using the antibody catalyzed water oxidation pathway.
abstract: Infectious diseases, such as influenza, present a prominent global problem including the constant threat of pandemics that initiate in avian or other species and then pass to humans. We report a new sensor that can be specifically functionalized to detect antibodies associated with a wide range of infectious diseases in multiple species. This biosensor is based on electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide generated through the intrinsic catalytic activity of all antibodies: the antibody catalyzed water oxidation pathway (ACWOP). Our platform includes a polymer brush-modified surface where specific antibodies bind to conjugated haptens with high affinity and specificity. Hydrogen peroxide provides an electrochemical signal that is mediated by Resorufin/Amplex Red. We characterize the biosensor platform, using model anti-DNP antibodies, with the ultimate goal of designing a versatile device that is inexpensive, portable, reliable, and fast. We demonstrate detection of antibodies at concentrations that fall well within clinically relevant levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University , 122 Baker Laboratory, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.
authors.forename: M Elizabeth
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Welch
authors.forename: Nicole L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Ritzert
authors.forename: Hongjun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Norah L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Michele E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Tague
authors.forename: Youyong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Barbara A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Baird
authors.forename: Héctor D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Abruña
authors.forename: Christopher K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Ober
mesh_terms: D000179:Acrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D017151:Antibodies, Catalytic / Q000737:chemistry*; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D002384:Catalysis; D004136:Dinitrobenzenes / Q000737:chemistry; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000032:analysis*; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D012825:Silicon / Q000737:chemistry; D026082:Singlet Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: C509872:2,4-dinitrobenzene; D000179:Acrylates; D017151:Antibodies, Catalytic; D004136:Dinitrobenzenes; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; C530664:poly(oligoethylene glycol methyl ether acrylate); D014867:Water; D026082:Singlet Oxygen; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D012825:Silicon