title: Development and validation of a self-efficacy scale for clinical decision-making in general paediatrics.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Success in a task is not only related to skill, but it is also related to 'self-efficacy', or belief in one's capability to perform that task. No tool currently exists to measure self-efficacy in clinical decision-making in general paediatrics.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To develop and provide validity evidence for the General Pediatrics-specific Self-Efficacy (GPedsSE) scale.
  
  
  METHODS
  The five-item GPedsSE scale, developed using an expert panel, was matched to the New General Self-Efficacy (NGSE) scale's structure for validity analysis purposes. Thirty-six postgraduate year 1 to postgraduate year 5 paediatric residents of the Montreal Children's Hospital (Montreal, Quebec) completed the GPedsSE and NGSE scales, with items interspersed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean (± SD) GPedsSE score was 18.6±2.6 of 25. Total GPedsSE and NGSE scores were moderately correlated (r=0.54, P<0.005). On planned comparison, the GPedsSE score increased with training year (F[1.3]=6.62; P<0.001), while the NGSE score did not (F<0.37). Exploratory factor analysis showed two components, each aligning with a scale.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The GPedsSE scale contextualizes an existing tool to general paediatrics, a novel concurrent validity approach.
authors.affiliation: Division of General Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec;
authors.forename: Mylène
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dandavino
authors.affiliation: Centre for Medical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; ; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec;
authors.forename: Meredith
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Young
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Quebec;
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gosselin
authors.affiliation: Centre for Medical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec;
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Snell
authors.affiliation: Centre for Medical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; ; Division of Emergency Medicine, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Quebec; ; Division of Pediatric Intensive Care, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Quebec.
authors.forename: Farhan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bhanji
keywords: General paediatrics; Medical; Residency; Self-efficacy