title: Reversed palmaris longus muscle: Anatomical variant - case report and literature review.
abstract: The palmaris longus, a slender fusiform muscle, is especially prone to exhibiting anatomical variance relative to other muscles in the upper extremity. The most frequent anatomical variation is the completely absent palmaris longus, followed by the reversed, duplicated, bifid or hypertrophied palmaris longus muscles. The reversed palmaris longus muscle represents a structure that is tendinous proximally and muscular distally (opposite of the normal palmaris longus). The present report describes a case of reversed palmaris longus muscle, followed by a literature review to illustrate the wide spectrum of anatomical variations in the palmaris longus muscle and their clinical and surgical relevance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.
authors.forename: Amera
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Murabit
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gnarra
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.
authors.forename: Adel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mohamed
keywords: Anatomical variations; Palmaris longus