title: Selective breeding of conventional and new industrial microorganisms: from sake microorganisms to green algae.
abstract: The basis for science and technology in advanced nations might be considered to have come from Egypt, Babylonia, China or ancient countries. Thus, technologies belong to all peoples in the world and should be shared with all countries. The traditional brewing of sake is a truly indigenous and ancient process. In all countries, there are such traditional fermentated products. The brewing of sake is representative of many aspects of biotechnology. The processes of sake fermentation will become further automated by the application of Fuzzy set theory. Sake yeast andkoji-A. oryzae have been bred by genetic engineering. Public acceptance is an issue of wide importance to the future of food technologies that exploit genetic engineering. I focus on thermophilic anaerobes and algae for new industrial microorganisms. The production of ethanol from cellulose by thermophilicClostridium is an important project but several problems must be solved in the future. Algae are also worthy of attention as important sources of biomass and biologically active substances."Biotech, in developing countries, the sun also rises" Haiku (Japanese short poem).
authors.affiliation: Department of Fermentation Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama-1, 724, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Murooka