title: Motor-driven marginal band coiling promotes cell shape change during platelet activation.
abstract: Platelets float in the blood as discoid particles. Their shape is maintained by microtubules organized in a ring structure, the so-called marginal band (MB), in the periphery of resting platelets. Platelets are activated after vessel injury and undergo a major shape change known as disc to sphere transition. It has been suggested that actomyosin tension induces the contraction of the MB to a smaller ring. In this paper, we show that antagonistic microtubule motors keep the MB in its resting state. During platelet activation, dynein slides microtubules apart, leading to MB extension rather than contraction. The MB then starts to coil, thereby inducing the spherical shape of activating platelets. Newly polymerizing microtubules within the coiled MB will then take a new path to form the smaller microtubule ring, in concerted action with actomyosin tension. These results present a new view of the platelet activation mechanism and reveal principal mechanistic features underlying cellular shape changes.
authors.affiliation: Institut Albert Bonniot, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U823; and 2 Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité-Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 5525; Université Joseph Fourier-Grenoble 1, F-38041 Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Boubou
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Diagouraga
authors.forename: Alexei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grichine
authors.forename: Arnold
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fertin
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Saadi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khochbin
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sadoul
mesh_terms: D000205:Actomyosin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D048430:Cell Shape; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004398:Dyneins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015539:Platelet Activation; D058105:Polymerization
chemical_list: D000205:Actomyosin; D004398:Dyneins