title: Preparation and efficacy of Newcastle disease virus DNA vaccine encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles.
abstract: Optimal preparation conditions of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) F gene deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) vaccine encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles (pFNDV-CS-NPs) were determined. The pFNDV-CS-NPs were prepared according to a complex coacervation method. The pFNDV-CS-NPs were produced with good morphology, high stability, a mean diameter of 199.5 nm, encapsulation efficiency of 98.37% ± 0.87%, loading capacity of 36.12% ± 0.19%, and a zeta potential of +12.11 mV. The in vitro release assay showed that the plasmid DNA was sustainably released from the pFNDV-CS-NPs, up to 82.9% ± 2.9% of the total amount. Cell transfection test indicated that the vaccine expressed the F gene in cells and maintained good bioactivity. Additionally, the safety of mucosal immunity delivery system of the pFNDV-CS-NPs was also tested in vitro by cell cytotoxicity and in vivo by safety test in chickens. In vivo immunization showed that better immune responses of specific pathogen-free chickens immunized with the pFNDV-CS-NPs were induced, and prolonged release of the plasmid DNA was achieved compared to the chickens immunized with the control plasmid. This study lays the foundation for the further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, People's Republic of China ; Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, People's Republic of China ; Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, People's Republic of China ; Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ci
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process and Technology for High-Efficiency Conversion, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chunxiao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process and Technology for High-Efficiency Conversion, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hongyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yunfeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D053769:Nanocapsules / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000235:genetics*; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D053769:Nanocapsules; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D048271:Chitosan
keywords: DNA vaccine; Newcastle disease; chitosan nanoparticles; immune effectiveness; mucosal immunity delivery system