title: Efficacy of 4 % Articaine and 2 % Lidocaine: A clinical study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was undertaken to compare the anesthetic properties of 4 % Articaine hydrochloride and 2 % Lidocaine both with 1:100,000 epinephrine for mandibular inferior alveolar nerve anesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty healthy patients were included in this randomized double-blind clinical cross over study. Each subject received each test solution at different times. Inferior alveolar nerve block anesthesia was used for extraction of bilateral impacted mandibular third molar on different occassions. The time of onset of action, duration of anesthesia, efficacy of anesthesia, hemodynamic parameters and oxygen saturation were monitored during the procedure. A visual analog scale was used to assess pain during surgery, and thus subjectively evaluate the anesthetic efficacy of the two solutions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No statistically significant differences were seen in the onset and duration of anesthesia between the Articaine and Lidocaine solutions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  4 % Articaine offers better clinical performance than 2 % Lidocaine, particularly in terms of latency and duration of the anesthetic effect. However, no statistically significant differences in anesthetic efficacy were recorded between the two solutions.
authors.affiliation: Modern Dental College and Research Centre, 305-A Block, Staff Quarters, Indore, 453 112 Madhya Pradesh India.
authors.forename: Deepashri H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kambalimath
authors.affiliation: Saraswathi Dental College, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Dolas
authors.affiliation: Modern Dental College and Research Centre, 305-A Block, Staff Quarters, Indore, 453 112 Madhya Pradesh India.
authors.forename: H V
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Kambalimath
authors.affiliation: Modern Dental College and Research Centre, 305-A Block, Staff Quarters, Indore, 453 112 Madhya Pradesh India.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Agrawal
keywords: Articaine; Clinical study; Efficacy; Impacted mandibular third molar; Lidocaine; Randomized