title: Prostate cancer incidence in males with Lynch syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  An increased risk of prostate cancer is currently not considered a part of the Lynch syndrome spectrum. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively examine prostate cancer incidence in the Lynch syndrome cohort at the Ohio State University in comparison with that in the general population.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included all males diagnosed with Lynch syndrome from June 1998 to June 2012 at the Ohio State University and obtained baseline information including cancer history. If patients had not been seen in the 12 months before June 2012, they were contacted to document changes in their cancer history. We compared prostate cancer incidence among the Lynch syndrome families with that of the general population by using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End RESULTS registry 1999-2009.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 188 males identified with Lynch syndrome, 11 males were diagnosed with prostate cancer during the study period. The ratio of observed to expected numbers of prostate cancer cases resulted in a standardized rate ratio of 4.87 (95% confidence interval: 2.43-8.71). Impaired mismatch repair expression and microsatellite instability were seen in one out of two prostate cancer specimens available for testing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Males with Lynch syndrome had a nearly fivefold increased risk of developing prostate cancer but did not appear to have earlier onset or a more aggressive phenotype.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Sigurdis
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haraldsdottir
authors.affiliation: Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hampel
authors.affiliation: Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Lai
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Frankel
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Tanios
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bekaii-Saab
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology and Cancer Genetics Program, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de la Chapelle
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Richard M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Goldberg
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000235:genetics; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D003123:Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000235:genetics; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D000070976:Mismatch Repair Endonuclease PMS2; D000070957:MutL Protein Homolog 1; D051718:MutS Homolog 2 Protein / Q000235:genetics; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D011379:Prognosis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C094443:G-T mismatch-binding protein; C501486:MLH1 protein, human; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; C094934:PMS2 protein, human; C497172:MSH2 protein, human; D000070976:Mismatch Repair Endonuclease PMS2; D000070957:MutL Protein Homolog 1; D051718:MutS Homolog 2 Protein; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes