title: Isolation of technogenic magnetic particles.
abstract: Technogenic magnetic particles (TMPs) emitted by various industrial sources, such as smelting plants, end up after atmospheric transfer on the soil surface. In the present study, we characterised the origin and composition of such particles emitted by a large iron smelting plant and deposited on particular substrates, namely tombstones, which act as a very interesting and appropriate matrix when compared to soil, tree bark, lichens or attic dust. The isolation and subsequent description of TMPs require a critical step of separation between different components of the sample and the magnetic particles; here, we described an efficient protocol that fulfils such a requirement: it resorts to water suspension, sonication, repeated magnetic extraction, sedimentation, sieving and organic matter destruction at 550 °C in some instances. The isolated TMPs displayed a noticeable crystalline shape with variable compositions: a) pure iron oxides, b) iron+Cr, Ni or Zn, and c) a complex structure containing Ca, Si, Mg, and Mn. Using Scanning Electron Microscope Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), we obtained profiles of various and distinct magnetic particles, which allowed us to identify the source of the TMPs.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire LECA, UMR 5553, Equipe Pollution, Environnement, Ecotoxicologie et Ecoremédiation, Univ. J. Fourier, 38041 Grenoble, France. Electronic address: mickael.catinon@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mickaël
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Catinon
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, UMR 8212, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ/IPSL, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France. Electronic address: sophie.ayrault@lsce.ispl.fr.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ayrault
authors.affiliation: Service du MEB, UFR928, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75252 Paris VI, France. Electronic address: boudouma@ccr.jussieu.fr.
authors.forename: Omar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Boudouma
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, UMR 8212, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ/IPSL, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France. Electronic address: Louise.Bordier@lsce.ipsl.fr.
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bordier
authors.affiliation: Evinrude, Espace St Germain, 38200 Vienne, France. Electronic address: contact@evinrude.fr.
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Agnello
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire LECA, UMR 5553, Equipe Pollution, Environnement, Ecotoxicologie et Ecoremédiation, Univ. J. Fourier, 38041 Grenoble, France. Electronic address: stephane.reynaud@ujf-grenoble.fr.
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reynaud
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire LECA, UMR 5553, Equipe Pollution, Environnement, Ecotoxicologie et Ecoremédiation, Univ. J. Fourier, 38041 Grenoble, France. Electronic address: michel.tissut@ujf-grenoble.fr.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tissut
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D004391:Dust / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D008011:Lichens; D060328:Magnetic Phenomena; D010316:Particle Size; D024301:Plant Bark
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D004391:Dust
keywords: Air pollution; ICP-MS; Magnetic particles; SEM–EDX; Technogenic particles