title: Acute coronary syndrome among older patients: a review.
abstract: Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Due to advances in medicine in the past few decades, life expectancy has increased resulting in an aging population in developed and developing countries. Acute coronary syndrome causes greater morbidity and mortality in this group of older patients, which appears to be due to age-related comorbidities. This review examines the incidence and prevalence of acute coronary syndrome among older patients, examines current treatment strategies, and evaluates the predictors of adverse outcomes. In particular, the impact of frailty on outcomes and the need for frailty assessment in developing future research and management strategies among older patients are discussed.
authors.affiliation: From the *Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; †Cardiothoracic Centre, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; and ‡Institute of Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Murugapathy
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Veerasamy
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ford
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kirkwood
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Newton
authors.forename: Dave
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Vijay
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kunadian
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015897:Comorbidity; D019468:Disease Management; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence