title: Genetic diversity in Capsicum germplasm based on microsatellite and random amplified microsatellite polymorphism markers.
abstract: A sound knowledge of the genetic diversity among germplasm is vital for strategic germplasm collection, maintenance, conservation and utilisation. Genomic simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and random amplified microsatellite polymorphism (RAMPO) markers were used to analyse diversity and relationships among 48 pepper (Capsicum spp.) genotypes originating from nine countries. These genotypes covered 4 species including 13 germplasm accessions, 30 improved lines of 4 domesticated species and 5 landraces derived from natural interspecific crosses. Out of 106 SSR markers, 25 polymorphic SSR markers (24 %) detected a total of 76 alleles (average, 3.04; range, 2-5). The average polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.69 (range, 0.29-0.92). Seventeen RAMPO markers produced 87 polymorphic fragments with average PIC of 0.63 (range, 0.44-0.81). Dendrograms based on SSRs and RAMPOs generated two clusters. All 38 Capsicum annuum genotypes and an interspecific landrace clustered together, whereas nine non-annuum (three Capsicum frutescens, one Capsicum chinense, one Capsicum baccatum and four interspecific landraces) genotypes clustered separately. Genetic variation within non-annuum genotypes was greater than the C. annuum genotypes. Distinctness of interspecific derivative landraces grown in northeast India was validated; natural crossing between sympatric Capsicum species has been proposed as the mechanism of their origin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India.
authors.forename: Ved Prakash
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Rai
authors.affiliation: Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, 221305 India.
authors.forename: Rajesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Jabalpur, 482004 India.
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, 221305 India.
authors.forename: Ashutosh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rai
authors.affiliation: AVRDC-The World Vegetable Center, P.O. Box 42, Shanhua Tainan, 74199 Taiwan.
authors.forename: Sanjeet
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, 221305 India.
authors.forename: Major
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India.
authors.forename: Sheo Pratap
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, 221305 India.
authors.forename: Awadesh Bahadur
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Rai
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India.
authors.forename: Rajneesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Paliwal
keywords: Capsicum; Interspecific derivatives; RAMPO; SSR; Sympatric population