title: No effect of acute exposure to coarse particulate matter air pollution in a rural location on high-density lipoprotein function.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles perform numerous vascular-protective functions. Animal studies demonstrate that exposure to fine or ultrafine particulate matter (PM) can promote HDL dysfunction. However, the impact of PM on humans remains unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to determine the effect of exposure to coarse concentrated ambient particles (CAP) on several metrics of HDL function in healthy humans.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two adults (25.9 ± 6.6 years) were exposed to coarse CAP [76.2 ± 51.5 µg·m(-3)] in a rural location and filtered air (FA) for 2 h in a randomized double-blind crossover study. Venous blood collected 2- and 20-h post-exposures was measured for HDL-mediated efflux of [(3)H]-cholesterol from cells and 20-h exposures for HDL anti-oxidant capacity by a fluorescent assay and paraoxonase activity. The changes [median (first, third quartiles)] between exposures among 29 subjects with available results were compared by matched Wilcoxon tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux capacity did not differ between exposures at either time point [16.60% (15.17, 19.19) 2-h post-CAP versus 17.56% (13.43, 20.98) post-FA, p  =  0.768 and 14.90% (12.47, 19.15) 20-h post-CAP versus 17.75% (13.22, 23.95) post-FA, p  =  0.216]. HOI [0.26 (0.24, 0.35) versus 0.28 (0.25, 0.40), p = 0.198] and paraoxonase activity [0.54 (0.39, 0.82) versus 0.60 μmol·min(-1 )ml plasma(-1) (0.40, 0.85), p = 0.137] did not differ 20-h post-CAP versus FA, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Brief inhalation of coarse PM from a rural location did not acutely impair several facets of HDL functionality. Whether coarse PM derived from urban sites, fine particles or longer term PM exposures can promote HDL dysfunction warrant future investigations.
authors.affiliation: Davis Heart Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, Ohio State University , Columbus, OH , USA .
authors.forename: Andrei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maiseyeu
authors.forename: Hui-Yu
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Gajalakshmi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ramanathan
authors.forename: Fen
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Bard
authors.forename: Masako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morishita
authors.forename: J Timothy
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Dvonch
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Spino
authors.forename: Bhramar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
authors.forename: Marcus A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Badgeley
authors.forename: Alma
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barajas-Espinosa
authors.forename: Qinghua
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Jack
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Harkema
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rajagopalan
authors.forename: Jesus A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Araujo
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Brook
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects; D000818:Animals; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000097:blood; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008875:Middle Aged; D010316:Particle Size; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000633:toxicity*; D012424:Rural Population; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D052638:Particulate Matter; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase