title: The anti-inflammatory effects of Caragana tangutica ethyl acetate extract.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Caragana tangutica KOM has been used to treat arthritis, wounds, fever and other disease conditions in traditional Chinese medicine (TMC). To support the application of the plant in traditional Chinese medicine by investigating the anti-inflammatory effects of the ethyl acetate extract of Caragana tangutica.
  
  
  METHODS
  The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by animal models including xylene-induced ear edema in mice, carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats, acetic acid induced writhing in mice and LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI). The anti-inflammatory mechanism was evaluated by detecting prostaglandin E2 and immunohistochemistry expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) using an EIA assay kit and immunohistochemistry, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that the xylene-induced ear edema in mice was significantly reduced by the ethyl acetate extract at dosages of 100, 200 and 400mg/kg, and the carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats was monitored to be reduced by the ethyl acetate extract 3h after carrageenan injection. The ethyl acetate extract was also found to reduce the inflammation pain of acetic acid-induced writhing model in a dose-dependent manner and cause reduction of the ALI in mice through the inhibition of the release of PGE2 and the LPS-induced COX-2 expression in the lung.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study demonstrates that the ethyl acetate extract of the plant can help to reduce inflammations by inhibiting the expression of COX-2.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, PR China.
authors.forename: Yongmei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, PR China. Electronic address: niuxf@mail.xjtu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Weifeng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, PR China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, PR China.
authors.forename: Huan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, PR China.
authors.forename: Huani
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, PR China.
authors.forename: Qingli
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Mu
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000737:chemistry; D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D032602:Caragana / Q000737:chemistry*; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004487:Edema / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; C007650:ethyl acetate; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D015232:Dinoprostone
keywords: Anti-inflammation; Caragana tangutica KOM; Cyclooxygenase-2; Ethyl acetate extract