title: Education and training of referring physicians decreases at-home call demand.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Excessive, sometimes unnecessary consultation challenges the ophthalmology resident's ability to obtain adequate rest and personal time while taking at-home calls. Basic training of nonophthalmologists in assessing and treating common ophthalmic emergencies offers a potential solution to this problem by providing primary caregivers the knowledge base, tools, and confidence to manage them independently.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We measured ophthalmic consultation requests at a large teaching institution and the impact of an educational intervention on the number and type of requests.
  
  
  METHODS
  During a 31-day period in 2009 all requests for urgent ophthalmic consultation were logged and characterized by reason, urgency, and source of the call. A 3-part educational intervention was targeted to residents and attending physicians in the departments of emergency medicine (half-day lecture and practice), anesthesiology (grand rounds lecture), and otolaryngology (guidelines for traumatic orbital fractures). Six months later we conducted a 26-day call log to evaluate the impact.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pre intervention, we received 63 total and 56 after-hours calls for urgent ophthalmic consultation as compared to 39 total and 35 after-hours calls post intervention. Ophthalmology residents reported seeing more urgent and fewer nonessential consultations in the postintervention period, and there was greater agreement between calling physicians' initial diagnosis and consulting physicians' final diagnosis. No adverse patient outcomes occurred as a result of the change in practices.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Basic education of nonophthalmologists in ophthalmic diagnostic and treatment concepts, through relatively brief educational interventions, was associated with a decrease in total consultation requests and more appropriate consultations in this pilot study at a single institution.
authors.forename: Abhishek K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Nemani
authors.forename: William D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: Léon-Paul
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Noël