Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal sac in a spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta).
A 25-yr-old spayed female spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) developed intermittent right pelvic limb lameness that persisted following conservative medical therapy. No obvious musculoskeletal lesions were noted on initial physical exam; however, spinal radiography was suspicious for possible intervertebral degenerative joint disease or discospondylitis. Despite prolonged medical therapy, the lameness progressed to minimal weight bearing and marked muscle atrophy of the right pelvic limb. Electromyography showed spontaneous activity in the muscles of right sciatic nerve distribution. Sensory and motor nerve conduction velocities in the right tibial and peroneal nerves were undetectable and markedly reduced, respectively. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan revealed a large, space-occupying mass on the right side of the sacrum and pelvis. Antemortem fine-needle aspiration of the mass and postmortem histopathology resulted in diagnosis of a high-grade squamous cell carcinoma of the anal sac. Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal sac is very rare in domestic dogs and previously unreported in spotted hyenas.
Oakland Zoo, 9777 Golf Links Road, Oakland, CA 94605, USA. andreag@oaklandzoo.org
Andrea L
AL
Goodnight
University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Ryan P
RP
Traslavina
Oakland Zoo, 9777 Golf Links Road, Oakland, CA 94605, USA.
Karen
K
Emanuelson
University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Verena K
VK
Affolter
University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Patricia M
PM
Gaffney
University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
William
W
Vernau
University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Colette
C
Williams
University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Connie I-kuan
CI
Wu
University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Beverly K
BK
Sturges
University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Linda J
LJ
Lowenstine
D000694:Anal Gland Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000695:Anal Sacs / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D045968:Hyaenidae; D011859:Radiography