Dry Eye Syndrome in Non-Exophthalmic Graves' Disease.
BACKGROUND
The present study aims to assess qualitative and quantitative characteristics of tear film and corneal related impairment and to evaluate the quality of life in a cohort of non-exophthalmic Graves' disease (GD) patients.


METHODS
The series comprised 50 eyes from 25 newly diagnosed GD patients with no proptosis. As control group, 56 eyes of 28 thyroid disease-free subjects were enrolled.


RESULTS
The results of Schirmer I and II, break-up time, and Oxford scheme showed a significant difference between GD and controls. By ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire, eleven (44%) GD patients had normal ocular surface, while two (8%) had mild, four (16%) had moderate, and eight (32%) had severe dry eye. The mean score of the OSDI in the GD group was significantly (p < 0.001) higher with respect to the control group.


CONCLUSIONS
This study shows that the tear film and cornea are damaged in newly non-exophthalmic GD subjects.
a Department of Ophthalmological Sciences , Sapienza University , Rome , Italy .
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Bruscolini
a Department of Ophthalmological Sciences , Sapienza University , Rome , Italy .
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Abbouda
b Section of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Ospedale Israelitico , Rome , Italy , and.
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Locuratolo
a Department of Ophthalmological Sciences , Sapienza University , Rome , Italy .
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Restivo
b Section of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Ospedale Israelitico , Rome , Italy , and.
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Trimboli
c Department of Experimental Medicine , Sapienza University , Rome , Italy.
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Romanelli
D000328:Adult; D015352:Dry Eye Syndromes / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D049970:Graves Ophthalmopathy / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D018828:Immunoglobulins, Thyroid-Stimulating / Q000097:blood; D007453:Iodide Peroxidase / Q000276:immunology; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013666:Tears / Q000502:physiology; D013954:Thyroglobulin / Q000276:immunology; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000097:blood
D018828:Immunoglobulins, Thyroid-Stimulating; C094372:thyrotropin-binding inhibitory immunoglobulin; D014284:Triiodothyronine; D013972:Thyrotropin; D013954:Thyroglobulin; D007453:Iodide Peroxidase; D013974:Thyroxine
Dry eye syndrome; Graves’ disease; Graves’ orbitopathy