Subtyping Cryptosporidium ubiquitum,a zoonotic pathogen emerging in humans.
Cryptosporidium ubiquitum is an emerging zoonotic pathogen. In the past, it was not possible to identify an association between cases of human and animal infection. We conducted a genomic survey of the species, developed a subtyping tool targeting the 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene, and identified 6 subtype families (XIIa-XIIf) of C. ubiquitum. Host adaptation was apparent at the gp60 locus; subtype XIIa was found in ruminants worldwide, subtype families XIIb-XIId were found in rodents in the United States, and XIIe and XIIf were found in rodents in the Slovak Republic. Humans in the United States were infected with isolates of subtypes XIIb-XIId, whereas those in other areas were infected primarily with subtype XIIa isolates. In addition, subtype families XIIb and XIId were detected in drinking source water in the United States. Contact with C. ubiquitum-infected sheep and drinking water contaminated by infected wildlife could be sources of human infections.
Na
N
Li
Lihua
L
Xiao
Keri
K
Alderisio
Kristin
K
Elwin
Elizabeth
E
Cebelinski
Rachel
R
Chalmers
Monica
M
Santin
Ronald
R
Fayer
Martin
M
Kvac
Una
U
Ryan
Bohumil
B
Sak
Michal
M
Stanko
Yaqiong
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Guo
Lin
L
Wang
Longxian
L
Zhang
Jinzhong
J
Cai
Dawn
D
Roellig
Yaoyu
Y
Feng
D000569:Americas / Q000453:epidemiology; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001208:Asia / Q000453:epidemiology; D003457:Cryptosporidiosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D003458:Cryptosporidium / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000469:parasitology; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005819:Genetic Markers; D018503:Genome, Protozoan; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D012377:Rodentia / Q000469:parasitology; D012418:Ruminants / Q000469:parasitology; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D015047:Zoonoses
D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D060766:Drinking Water; D005819:Genetic Markers; D015800:Protozoan Proteins
Cryptosporidiosis; Cryptosporidium; epidemiology; genomics; horse; humans; molecular typing,whole genome sequencing; parasites; raccoon; rodents; ruminants; sifaka; zoonoses