Loss of mismatched HLA in myeloid/NK cell precursor acute leukemia relapse after T cell-replete haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Myeloid/natural killer cell precursor acute leukemia (MNKL) is an aggressive disease with a high relapse rate even after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT). We report a patient with MNKL who had a donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) for relapse after T cell-replete human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-haploidentical SCT, but relapsed again 20 months later with loss of mismatched HLA. This case suggests that a strong graft-versus-leukemia effect of haploidentical SCT can be expected in MNKL patients. In the haploidentical setting, DLI should be considered for patients with relapsed leukemia whose leukemic cells have not lost HLA cell surface expression.
Department of Pediatrics, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.
Shogo
S
Kobayashi
Atsushi
A
Kikuta
Masaki
M
Ito
Hideki
H
Sano
Kazuhiro
K
Mochizuki
Mitsuko
M
Akaihata
Tomoko
T
Waragai
Yoshihiro
Y
Ohara
Chitose
C
Ogawa
Satoshi
S
Ono
Hitoshi
H
Ohto
Mitsuaki
M
Hosoya
D000293:Adolescent; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000276:immunology; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000473:pathology; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000276:immunology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000276:immunology*
D006680:HLA Antigens
BMT; acute; graft versus host disease; hematology/oncology; leukemias; rare tumors; stem cell transplantation