Heterotrophic growth and lipid accumulation of Chlorella protothecoides in whey permeate, a dairy by-product stream, for biofuel production.
This study proposes a novel alternative for the utilization of whey permeate, a by-product stream from the dairy industry, as the feedstock for the biomass and lipid production of the microalgae Chlorella protothecoides. Glucose and galactose from the pre-hydrolyzed whey permeate were used as main carbon sources in a base mineral media for establishing batch and fed batch cultures. Batch cultures reached a biomass production of 9.1±0.2g/L with a total lipid accumulation of 42.0±6.6% (dry weight basis), while in the fed batch cultures 17.2±1.3g/L of biomass with 20.5±0.3% lipid accumulation (dry weight basis) were obtained. A third strategy for the direct utilization of whey permeate was investigated by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF), wherein, 7.3±1.3g/L of biomass with 49.9±3.3% lipid accumulation (dry weight basis) was obtained in batch mode using immobilized enzyme.
Biorefining Conversions and Fermentations Laboratory, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, 4-10 Agriculture/Forestry Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada.
Isabel
I
Espinosa-Gonzalez
Biorefining Conversions and Fermentations Laboratory, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, 4-10 Agriculture/Forestry Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada.
Archana
A
Parashar
Biorefining Conversions and Fermentations Laboratory, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, 4-10 Agriculture/Forestry Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada. Electronic address: david.bressler@ualberta.ca.
David C
DC
Bressler
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D056804:Biofuels; D018533:Biomass; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002708:Chlorella / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003611:Dairy Products / Q000382:microbiology*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005285:Fermentation; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006868:Hydrolysis; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D010078:Oxazines; D014866:Waste Products / Q000032:analysis*
D056804:Biofuels; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D010078:Oxazines; D014866:Waste Products; D005947:Glucose; C044808:nile red
Algae; Chlorella protothecoides; Lipid production; SSF; Whey permeate