Changes in cytomegalovirus seroprevalence in pregnant Japanese women-a 10-year single center study.
BACKGROUND
Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) causes congenital infections during pregnancy, and seroepidemiological data are important for estimating the risk of infection. However, only a few reports of CMV seroprevalence exist for pregnant Japanese women.


OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to assess CMV seroprevalence in pregnant Japanese women.


METHODS
This cross-sectional study involved pregnant Japanese women who delivered from 2003 to 2012 at our hospital (n=15,616). Among these women, 14,099 (90.3%) underwent tests for the presence of CMV IgG. Those with an equivocal test result were excluded (n=195) from this analysis, leaving a study sample of 13,904 Japanese pregnant women. The prevalence of CMV IgG was also assessed by calendar year, age, and parity.


RESULTS
The overall CMV IgG prevalence rate was 66.0%. CMV IgG prevalence significantly decreased over the course of 10 years from 2003 to 2012 (from 69.9% in 2003 to 65.2% in 2012) (p<0.001). Adjusted odds ratios for CMV IgG positivity in women aged <25, 25-30, 35-40, and >40 years were 1.66 (95%CI: 1.25-2.20), 1.20 (95%CI: 1.07-1.35), 1.16 (95%CI: 1.07-1.26), and 1.44 (95%CI: 1.28-1.62), respectively, compared to women aged 30-35 years. Adjusted odds ratios for CMV IgG positivity for a parity of 1, 2, and ≥3 were 1.14 (95%CI: 1.06-1.23), 1.52 (95%CI: 1.32-1.77), and 2.54 (95%CI: 2.69-3.84), respectively, compared to nulliparous women.


CONCLUSIONS
We found that 34% of pregnant Japanese women were susceptible to CMV infection. Calendar year, maternal age, and parity were significantly associated with changes in CMV seroprevalence among this population.
Department of Maternal-Fetal Neonatal Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan.
Kosuke
K
Taniguchi
Department of Maternal-Fetal Neonatal Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan. Electronic address: watanabe-n@ncchd.go.jp.
Noriyoshi
N
Watanabe
Department of Maternal-Fetal Neonatal Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan.
Anna
A
Sato
Department of Maternal-Fetal Neonatal Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan.
Seung Chik
SC
Jwa
Department of Maternal-Fetal Neonatal Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan.
Tomo
T
Suzuki
Department of Information Technology and Management, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan.
Yuji
Y
Yamanobe
Department of Maternal-Fetal Neonatal Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan.
Haruhiko
H
Sago
Department of Information Technology and Management, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan.
Kazuto
K
Kozuka
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000276:immunology*; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011247:Pregnancy; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D055815:Young Adult
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G
Cytomegalo virus; Pregnancy; Seroprevalence