Gastroprotective and ulcer healing effects of essential oil of Hyptis martiusii Benth. (Lamiaceae).
Hyptis martiusii Benth. is an aromatic plant found in abundance in northeastern Brazil that is used in ethnomedicine to treat gastric disorders. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanisms of action involved in the gastroprotection of the essential oil of Hyptis martiusii (EOHM) and to evaluate its healing capacity. Wistar rats were exposed to different protocols and subsequently were treated with 1% Tween-80 aqueous solution (negative control), pantoprazole, carbenoxolone, N-acetylcysteine (depending on the specificity of each model) or EOHM. The antisecretory activity (basal or stimulated) was determined using the pyloric ligature method. The gastroprotective action of nitric oxide and sulphydryl groups (-SH groups), as well as the quantification of adherent mucus and the levels of malondialdehyde and -SH groups in gastric mucosa, were evaluated using ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model. The healing ability was evaluated using the acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer model and histological and immunohistochemical analysis (HE, PAS and PCNA). EOHM (400 mg/kg) reduced the volume and acidity of gastric secretion stimulated by histamine and pentagastrin. The gastroprotective effect of EOHM involves the participation of endogenous sulfhydryl groups. EOHM increased mucus production (54.8%), reduced levels of MDA (72.5%) and prevented the depletion of -SH groups (73.8%) in the gastric mucosa. The treatment with EOHM reduced in 70.3% the gastric lesion area, promoting significant regeneration of the gastric mucosa, as confirmed by histological analysis and analysis of proliferating cell nuclear antigen. The results show that gastroprotective effect of EOHM is mediated by cytoprotective and antioxidant mechanisms and by their antisecretory activity, and suggest that the essential oil of Hyptis martiusii is a promising candidate for the treatment of gastric ulcers.
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Germana Freire Rocha
GF
Caldas
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Alisson Rodrigo da Silva
AR
Oliveira
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Alice Valença
AV
Araújo
Department of Histology and Embryology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Dafne Carolina Alves
DC
Quixabeira
Department of Histology and Embryology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Jacinto da Costa
Jda C
Silva-Neto
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil.
João Henrique
JH
Costa-Silva
Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Ceará, Brazil.
Irwin Rose Alencar
IR
de Menezes
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Fabiano
F
Ferreira
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Ana Cristina Lima
AC
Leite
Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Ceará, Brazil.
José Galberto Martins
JG
da Costa
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil ; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Almir Gonçalves
AG
Wanderley
D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D019686:Lamiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
D009822:Oils, Volatile