Aspergillus nidulans cell wall composition and function change in response to hosting several Aspergillus fumigatus UDP-galactopyranose mutase activity mutants.
Deletion or repression of Aspergillus nidulans ugmA (AnugmA), involved in galactofuranose biosynthesis, impairs growth and increases sensitivity to Caspofungin, a β-1,3-glucan synthesis antagonist. The A. fumigatus UgmA (AfUgmA) crystal structure has been determined. From that study, AfUgmA mutants with altered enzyme activity were transformed into AnugmA▵ to assess their effect on growth and wall composition in A. nidulans. The complemented (AnugmA::wild type AfugmA) strain had wild type phenotype, indicating these genes had functional homology. Consistent with in vitro studies, AfUgmA residues R182 and R327 were important for its function in vivo, with even conservative amino (RK) substitutions producing AnugmA? phenotype strains. Similarly, the conserved AfUgmA loop III histidine (H63) was important for Galf generation: the H63N strain had a partially rescued phenotype compared to AnugmA▵. Collectively, A. nidulans strains that hosted mutated AfUgmA constructs with low enzyme activity showed increased hyphal surface adhesion as assessed by binding fluorescent latex beads. Consistent with previous qPCR results, immunofluorescence and ELISA indicated that AnugmA▵ and AfugmA-mutated A. nidulans strains had increased α-glucan and decreased β-glucan in their cell walls compared to wild type and AfugmA-complemented strains. Like the AnugmA▵ strain, A. nidulans strains containing mutated AfugmA showed increased sensitivity to antifungal drugs, particularly Caspofungin. Reduced β-glucan content was correlated with increased Caspofungin sensitivity. Aspergillus nidulans wall Galf, α-glucan, and β-glucan content was correlated in A. nidulans hyphal walls, suggesting dynamic coordination between cell wall synthesis and cell wall integrity.
Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Md Kausar
MK
Alam
Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Karin E
KE
van Straaten
Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
David A R
DA
Sanders
Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Susan G W
SG
Kaminskyj
D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001232:Aspergillus fumigatus / Q000201:enzymology*; D001233:Aspergillus nidulans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077336:Caspofungin; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000201:enzymology*; D054714:Echinocandins / Q000494:pharmacology; D062610:Fungal Polysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D025301:Hyphae / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D019751:Intramolecular Transferases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D055666:Lipopeptides; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D021381:Protein Transport
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D054714:Echinocandins; D062610:Fungal Polysaccharides; D055666:Lipopeptides; D017964:Itraconazole; C007061:C.I. Fluorescent Brightening Agent 28; D019751:Intramolecular Transferases; C098051:UDP-galactopyranose mutase; D000077336:Caspofungin