Iodine supplementation in the newborn.
Iodine deficiency can be defined as the world's greatest single cause of preventable brain damage. Fetal and neonatal hypothyroidism, caused by iodine deficiency can be prevented prior to conception and then during pregnancy and lactation when an adequate iodine supplementation is ensured. Extremely low birth weight preterm babies risk having a negative iodine balance status in the first weeks of life, exacerbating the hypothyroxinaemia of the prematurity. It is important to ensure that these babies are provided with an adequate iodine intake from the first days of life. Mothers and newborns should avoid environmental iodine excess during pregnancy or lactation.
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neonatal Intensive Care and Neonatology Unit, via Roma 55, Pisa 56126, Italy. pghirri@med.unipi.it.
Paolo
P
Ghirri
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neonatal Intensive Care and Neonatology Unit, via Roma 55, Pisa 56126, Italy. saralunardi@hotmail.it.
Sara
S
Lunardi
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neonatal Intensive Care and Neonatology Unit, via Roma 55, Pisa 56126, Italy. antonio.boldrini@med.unipi.it.
Antonio
A
Boldrini
D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000097:blood; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000097:blood* / Q000254:growth & development; D007455:Iodine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000172:deficiency; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology; D039382:Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D011247:Pregnancy; D064167:Recommended Dietary Allowances
D007455:Iodine