Rapid and efficient functionalized ionic liquid-catalyzed aldol condensation reactions associated with microwave irradiation.
Five quaternary ammonium ionic liquid (IL) and two tetrabutylphosphonium ILs were prepared and characterized. An environmentally benign and convenient functionalized ionic liquid catalytic system was thus explored in the aldol condensation reactions of aromatic aldehydes with acetone. The aldol reactions proceeded more efficiently through microwave-assisted heating than through conventional thermal heating. The yield of products obtained under microwave heating for 30 min was approximately 90%, and the ILs can be recovered and reused at least five times without apparent loss of activity. In addition, this catalytic system can be successfully extended to the Henry reactions.
Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China. chill@dicp.ac.cn.
Chang
C
Wang
Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China. liujing207@dicp.ac.cn.
Jing
J
Liu
Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China. lengwg@dicp.ac.cn.
Wenguang
W
Leng
Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China. ygao@dicp.ac.cn.
Yanan
Y
Gao
D000447:Aldehydes / Q000737:chemistry*; D064751:Ammonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D002384:Catalysis; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology / Q000379:methods*; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000737:chemistry*; D008872:Microwaves; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000737:chemistry
D000447:Aldehydes; D064751:Ammonium Compounds; D052578:Ionic Liquids; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; C116609:3-hydroxybutanal; C050172:tetrabutylphosphonium