Crosstalk between insulin and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways in the central nervous system.
Neuroinflammation is known as a key player in a variety of neurodegenerative and/or neurological diseases. Brain Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are leading elements in the initiation and progression of neuroinflammation and the development of different neuronal diseases. Furthermore, TLR activation is one of the most important elements in the induction of insulin resistance in different organs such as the central nervous system. Involvement of insulin signaling dysregulation and insulin resistance are also shown to contribute to the pathology of neurological diseases. Considering the important roles of TLRs in neuroinflammation and central insulin resistance and the effects of these processes in the initiation and progression of neurodegenerative and neurological diseases, here we are going to review current knowledge about the potential crosstalk between TLRs and insulin signaling pathways in neuroinflammatory disorders of the central nervous system.
Department of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Fatemeh
F
Hemmati
Rasoul
R
Ghasemi
Norlinah
N
Mohamed Ibrahim
Leila
L
Dargahi
Zahurin
Z
Mohamed
Azman Ali
AA
Raymond
Abolhassan
A
Ahmadiani
D000818:Animals; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D020239:Receptor Cross-Talk / Q000502:physiology*; D011972:Receptor, Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*
D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D011972:Receptor, Insulin