Application of genomic and proteomic technologies in biomarker discovery.
Sequencing of the human genome was completed in 2001. Building on the technology and experience of whole-exome sequencing, numerous cancer genomes have been sequenced, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in 2011. Although DNA sequencing data reveals a complex genome with numerous mutations, the biologic interaction and clinical significance of the overall genetic aberrations are largely unknown. Comprehensive analyses of the tumors using genomics and proteomics beyond sequencing data can potentially accelerate the rate and number of biomarker discoveries to improve biology-driven classification of tumors for prognosis and patient selection for a specific therapy. In this review, we will summarize the current genomic and proteomic technologies, general biomarker-discovery paradigms using the technology and published data in HNSCC-including potential clinical applications and limitations.
From the Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN.
Elana J
EJ
Fertig
From the Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN.
Robbert
R
Slebos
From the Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN.
Christine H
CH
Chung