Impact of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on otitis media bacteriology.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the microbiology of otitis media (OM) since the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in February 2010.


METHODS
Middle ear effusion from a pediatric Otolaryngology population undergoing pressure equalization tube (PET) placement was obtained and sent for aerobic culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing between August 2012 and April 2013. Vaccination records were obtained and statistical analysis was completed.


RESULTS
During the 8-month period, 236 ears were evaluated, and of those 39 ears were found to have positive cultures. The single nonvaccine Streptococcus pneumoniae (serotype 16) isolate was obtained from a PCV7-only vaccinated patient and was penicillin susceptible. The three most common isolates were Staphylococcus coagulase negative (57%), Haemophilus influenzae (17%), and Moraxella catarrhalis (7%).


CONCLUSIONS
This study is the first to assess the bacteriology of OM in a pediatric population undergoing PET placement in the immediate post-PCV13 era. Our study is limited by sample size; however, the lack of S. pneumoniae cultures indicates that PCV13 has had a significant impact on pneumococcal infections during these initial years following licensure.
Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, United States. Electronic address: zhaoa@mail.amc.edu.
Alice S
AS
Zhao
Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States. Electronic address: boyles1@mail.amc.edu.
Sean
S
Boyle
Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, United States. Electronic address: butryma@mail.amc.edu.
Anna
A
Butrymowicz
Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, United States. Electronic address: engler@mail.amc.edu.
Robert D
RD
Engle
Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, United States. Electronic address: robertj5@mail.amc.edu.
Jason M
JM
Roberts
Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, United States. Electronic address: mouzakj@mail.amc.edu.
Jason
J
Mouzakes
D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008876:Middle Ear Ventilation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D010034:Otitis Media with Effusion / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D010406:Penicillins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012703:Serotyping; D016896:Treatment Outcome
C538862:13-valent pneumococcal vaccine; D010406:Penicillins; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines
13-Valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; Bacteriology; Otitis media