The trouble with circadian clock dysfunction: multiple deleterious effects on the brain and body.
This review consolidates research employing human correlational and experimental work across brain and body with experimental animal models to provide a more complete representation of how circadian rhythms influence almost all aspects of life. In doing so, we will cover the morphological and biochemical pathways responsible for rhythm generation as well as interactions between these systems and others (e.g., stress, feeding, reproduction). The effects of circadian disruption on the health of humans, including time of day effects, cognitive sequelae, dementia, Alzheimer's disease, diet, obesity, food preferences, mood disorders, and cancer will also be discussed. Subsequently, experimental support for these largely correlational human studies conducted in non-human animal models will be described.
Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada. Electronic address: erin.zelinski@uleth.ca.
Erin L
EL
Zelinski
Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada.
Scott H
SH
Deibel
Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada.
Robert J
RJ
McDonald
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D021081:Chronobiology Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology
D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents
Brain; Circadian disruption; Circadian rhythms; Cognitive function; Disease; Health