High prevalence of Y-box protein-1/p18 fragment in plasma of patients with malignancies of different origin.
BACKGROUND
Expression of the cold shock protein Y-box protein 1 (YB-1) is associated with deleterious outcome in various malignant diseases. Our group recently showed that the detection of an 18 kDa YB-1 fragment (YB-1/p18) in human plasma identifies patients with malignant diseases. We now tested the prevalence, clinical, and diagnostic value of YB-1/p18 detection in common tumors.


METHODS
A newly established monoclonal YB-1 antibody was used to detect YB-1/p18 by immunoblotting in plasma samples from 151 unselected tumor patients, alongside established tumor markers and various diagnostic measures, during evaluation for a cancerous disease and in follow-up studies after therapeutic interventions.


RESULTS
Circulating YB-1/p18 was detected in 78% of patients having a tumor disease. YB-1/p18 positivity was highly prevalent in all examined malignancies, including lung cancer (32/37; 87%), breast cancer (7/10; 70%), cancer of unknown primary (CUP; 5/5, 100%) or hematological malignancies (42/62; 68%). Positivity for YB-1/p18 was independent of other routine laboratory parameters, tumor stage, or histology. In comparison to 13 established tumor markers (cancer antigens 15-3, 19-9, 72-4, and 125; carcinoembryonic antigen; cytokeratin fragments 21-1; neuron-specific enolase; alpha-fetoprotein; beta-2-microglobulin; squamous cell carcinoma antigen; thymidine kinase; tissue polypeptide antigen; pro-gastrin-releasing peptide), YB-1/p18 detection within serum samples was the most sensitive general parameter identifying malignant disorders. YB-1/p18 concentrations altered during therapeutic interventions, but did not predict prognosis.


CONCLUSIONS
Plasma YB-1/p18 detection has a high specific prevalence in malignancies, thereby providing a novel tool for cancer screening independent of the tumor origin.
Frank
F
Tacke
Oliver
O
Galm
Nicolas
N
Kanig
Eray
E
Yagmur
Sabine
S
Brandt
Jonathan A
JA
Lindquist
Christiane S
CS
Eberhardt
Ute
U
Raffetseder
Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str, 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany. peter.mertens@med.ovgu.de.
Peter R
PR
Mertens
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D013997:Time Factors; D051840:Y-Box-Binding Protein 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D055815:Young Adult
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D051840:Y-Box-Binding Protein 1; C070856:YBX1 protein, human