Nanostructured enzymatic biosensor based on fullerene and gold nanoparticles: preparation, characterization and analytical applications.
In this work a novel electrochemical biosensing platform based on the coupling of two different nanostructured materials (gold nanoparticles and fullerenols) displaying interesting electrochemical features, has been developed and characterized. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) exhibit attractive electrocatalytic behavior stimulating in the last years, several sensing applications; on the other hand, fullerene and its derivatives are a very promising family of electroactive compounds although they have not yet been fully employed in biosensing. The methodology proposed in this work was finalized to the setup of a laccase biosensor based on a multilayer material consisting in AuNPs, fullerenols and Trametes versicolor Laccase (TvL) assembled layer by layer onto a gold (Au) electrode surface. The influence of different modification step procedures on the electroanalytical performance of biosensors has been evaluated. Cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) were used to characterize the modification of surface and to investigate the bioelectrocatalytic biosensor response. This biosensor showed fast amperometric response to gallic acid, which is usually considered a standard for polyphenols analysis of wines, with a linear range 0.03-0.30 mmol L(-1) (r(2)=0.9998), with a LOD of 0.006 mmol L(-1) or expressed as polyphenol index 5.0-50 mg L(-1) and LOD 1.1 mg L(-1). A tentative application of the developed nanostructured enzyme-based biosensor was performed evaluating the detection of polyphenols either in buffer solution or in real wine samples.
Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
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Lanzellotto
Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy. Electronic address: gabriele.favero@uniroma1.it.
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Favero
Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
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Antonelli
Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
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Tortolini
Biophysics and Nanoscience Centre, DEB-CNISM, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy.
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Cannistraro
Biophysics and Nanoscience Centre, DEB-CNISM, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy.
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Coppari
Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
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Mazzei
D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D003217:Conductometry / Q000295:instrumentation; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D037741:Fullerenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000032:analysis*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D042845:Laccase / Q000737:chemistry*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008839:Microelectrodes; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000295:instrumentation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis*
D037741:Fullerenes; D005707:Gallic Acid; D006046:Gold; D042845:Laccase
Electron transfer; Enzymatic biosensor; Laccase; Nanostructured materials; Polyphenol index