New insights into molecular mechanisms of diabetic kidney disease.
Diabetic kidney disease remains a major microvascular complication of diabetes and the most common cause of chronic kidney failure requiring dialysis in the United States. Medical advances over the past century have substantially improved the management of diabetes mellitus and thereby have increased patient survival. However, current standards of care reduce but do not eliminate the risk of diabetic kidney disease, and further studies are warranted to define new strategies for reducing the risk of diabetic kidney disease. In this review, we highlight some of the novel and established molecular mechanisms that contribute to the development of the disease and its outcomes. In particular, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetic kidney disease, with special emphasis on the mitochondrial oxidative stress and microRNA targets. Additionally, candidate genes associated with susceptibility to diabetic kidney disease and alterations in various cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors are addressed briefly.
Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Shawn S
SS
Badal
Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Section of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX. Electronic address: fdanesh@mdanderson.org.
Farhad R
FR
Danesh
D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D018450:Disease Progression; D057890:Epigenomics; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology
D035683:MicroRNAs
End-stage renal disease (ESRD); diabetes mellitus; diabetic kidney disease; pathogenesis