Alterations in circadian rhythms are associated with increased lipid peroxidation in females with bipolar disorder.
Disturbances in both circadian rhythms and oxidative stress systems have been implicated in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD), yet no studies have investigated the relationship between these systems in BD. We studied the impact of circadian rhythm disruption on lipid damage in 52 depressed or euthymic BD females, while controlling for age, severity of depressive symptoms and number of psychotropic medications, compared to 30 healthy controls. Circadian rhythm disruption was determined by a self-report measure (Biological Rhythm Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry; BRIAN), which measures behaviours such as sleep, eating patterns, social rhythms and general activity. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured as a proxy of lipid peroxidation. We also measured the activity of total and extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST). Multiple linear regressions showed that circadian rhythm disturbance was independently associated with increased lipid peroxidation in females with BD (p < 0.05). We found decreased extracellular SOD (p < 0.05), but no differences in total SOD, CAT or GST activity between bipolar females and controls. Circadian rhythms were not associated with lipid peroxidation in healthy controls, where aging was the only significant predictor. These results suggest an interaction between the circadian system and redox metabolism, in that greater disruption in daily rhythms was associated with increased lipid peroxidation in BD only. Antioxidant enzymes have been shown to follow a circadian pattern of expression, and it is possible that disturbance of sleep and daily rhythms experienced in BD may result in decreased antioxidant defence and therefore increased lipid peroxidation. This study provides a basis for further investigation of the links between oxidative stress and circadian rhythms in the neurobiology of BD.
Mood Disorders Program, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Lauren E
LE
Cudney
Mood Disorders Program, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Roberto B
RB
Sassi
Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Guilherme A
GA
Behr
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
David L
DL
Streiner
Mood Disorders Program, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Luciano
L
Minuzzi
Centre of Oxidative Stress Research, Professor Tuiskon Dick Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Health Basic Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Jose C F
JC
Moreira
Mood Disorders Program, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Benicio N
BN
Frey
D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D002374:Catalase / Q000097:blood; D021081:Chronobiology Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000627:therapeutic use; D057566:Self Report; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood
D011619:Psychotropic Drugs; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase