Biocrude yield and productivity from the hydrothermal liquefaction of marine and freshwater green macroalgae.
Six species of marine and freshwater green macroalgae were cultivated in outdoor tanks and subsequently converted to biocrude through hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) in a batch reactor. The influence of the biochemical composition of biomass on biocrude yield and composition was assessed. The freshwater macroalgae Oedogonium afforded the highest biocrude yield of all six species at 26.2%, dry weight (dw). Derbesia (19.7%dw) produced the highest biocrude yield for the marine species followed by Ulva (18.7%dw). In contrast to significantly different yields across species, the biocrudes elemental profiles were remarkably similar with higher heating values of 33-34MJkg(-1). Biocrude productivity was highest for marine Derbesia (2.4gm(-2)d(-1)) and Ulva (2.1gm(-2)d(-1)), and for freshwater Oedogonium (1.3gm(-2)d(-1)). These species were therefore identified as suitable feedstocks for scale-up and further HTL studies based on biocrude productivity, as a function of biomass productivity and the yield of biomass conversion to biocrude.
Centre for Macroalgal Resources and Biotechnology, School of Marine & Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia. Electronic address: nicolas.neveux@my.jcu.edu.au.
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Neveux
School of Chemistry, Building F11, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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AK
Yuen
School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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Jazrawi
Centre for Macroalgal Resources and Biotechnology, School of Marine & Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia.
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Magnusson
School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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Haynes
School of Chemistry, Building F11, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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Masters
School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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Montoya
Centre for Macroalgal Resources and Biotechnology, School of Marine & Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia.
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NA
Paul
School of Chemistry, Building F11, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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Maschmeyer
Centre for Macroalgal Resources and Biotechnology, School of Marine & Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia.
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de Nys
D056804:Biofuels; D018533:Biomass; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis; D000460:Chlorophyta / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development; D005618:Fresh Water; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007218:Industrial Microbiology / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D013045:Species Specificity
D056804:Biofuels; D002244:Carbon
Algae; Bioenergy; Cultivation; Hydrothermal liquefaction; Seaweed