Exploring implicit preventive strategies in prehospital emergency workers: a novel approach for preventing back problems.
BACKGROUND
Back problems are a major occupational health issue for prehospital emergency care professionals. The goals of this article are to: 1) provide descriptive data about the prevalence and the severity of lower back and upper back disorders in EMTs and paramedics; 2) identify some individual and collective strategies used by EMTs and paramedics to protect their health as they perform prehospital emergency missions; 3) assess the possible effectiveness of strategies in preventing back problems by exploring associations between the use of strategies and the presence and severity of symptoms.


METHODS
The method includes a questionnaire survey (sample n = 334; paramedics and emergency medical technicians) and ergonomics work practice analysis involving shadowing ambulance crews in 12 medical emergency services (over 400 h).


RESULTS
A majority of ambulance professionals had experienced back pain in the twelve-month period before the survey. Work practice analysis revealed strategies and tricks of the trade used by ambulance professionals to reduce the chances of back strain while working. Multiple regression analyses showed that self-reported use of such strategies was associated with fewer back symptoms.


CONCLUSIONS
Preventive strategies should be integrated into specialised training programs for prehospital medical emergency professionals. This approach could also be used in other work settings.
Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research EAER, State Secretariat for Economic Affairs SECO, Work and Health, Holzikofenweg 36, 3003 Bern, Switzerland. Electronic address: marc.arial@seco.admin.ch.
Marc
M
Arial
Ergonomic, Planaz 29, CH-1807 Blonay, Switzerland. Electronic address: dbenoit@ergonomic.ch.
Damien
D
Benoît
Institut National de Recherche et Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, 54519 Vandoeuvre Les Nancy Cedex, France. Electronic address: pascal.wild@inrs.fr.
Pascal
P
Wild
D000328:Adult; D000488:Allied Health Personnel; D019567:Back Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001416:Back Pain / Q000517:prevention & control; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000592:standards; D006804:Ergonomics / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D016272:Occupational Health; D060051:Occupational Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D000078329:Workforce
Back pain; Emergency care; Prevention