Evaluation of the durability and antiadhesive action of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine grafting on an acrylic resin denture base material.
BACKGROUND
The polymer 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine is currently used on medical devices to prevent infection. Denture plaque-associated infection is regarded as a source of serious dental and medical complications in the elderly population, and denture hygiene, therefore, is an issue of considerable importance for denture wearers. Furthermore, because denture bases are exposed to mechanical stresses, for example, denture brushing, the durability of the coating is important for retaining the antiadhesive function of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine.


OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study is to investigate the durability and antiadhesive activity of two 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine polymer coating techniques: poly-2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine grafting and poly-2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine-co-n-butyl methacrylate coating. It was revealed that 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine polymer coating of the denture base resin polymethyl methacrylate decreases bacterial biofilm formation.


METHODS
Durability was examined by rhodamine staining and elemental surface analysis and by determining the wetting properties of the 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine polymer-modified polymethyl methacrylate after a friction test that comprised 500 brushing cycles. Antiadhesive activity was examined by using a Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation assay.


RESULTS
Poly-2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine-grafted polymethyl methacrylate retained 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine units and antiadhesive activity even after repetitive mechanical stress, whereas co-n-butyl methacrylate-coated polymethyl methacrylate did not.


CONCLUSIONS
These results demonstrated that graft polymerization of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine on denture surfaces may contribute to the durability of the coating and prevent microbial retention.
Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
Nana
N
Takahashi
Lecturer, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
Fuminori
F
Iwasa
Assistant Professor, Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Yuuki
Y
Inoue
Lecturer, Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
Hirobumi
H
Morisaki
Professor, Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Kazuhiko
K
Ishihara
Professor and Chair, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
Kazuyoshi
K
Baba
D000327:Adsorption; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000502:physiology; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D018441:Biofilms; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry*; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D003819:Denture Bases / Q000382:microbiology; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D017276:Friction; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D010767:Phosphorylcholine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry*; D012235:Rhodamines; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000502:physiology; D013499:Surface Properties; D017155:Wettability
D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D003764:Dental Materials; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008689:Methacrylates; D012235:Rhodamines; D010767:Phosphorylcholine; C070638:2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; C016284:butyl methacrylate