The path towards universal health coverage in the Arab uprising countries Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, and Yemen.
The constitutions of many countries in the Arab world clearly highlight the role of governments in guaranteeing provision of health care as a right for all citizens. However, citizens still have inequitable health-care systems. One component of such inequity relates to restricted financial access to health-care services. The recent uprisings in the Arab world, commonly referred to as the Arab spring, created a sociopolitical momentum that should be used to achieve universal health coverage (UHC). At present, many countries of the Arab spring are considering health coverage as a priority in dialogues for new constitutions and national policy agendas. UHC is also the focus of advocacy campaigns of a number of non-governmental organisations and media outlets. As part of the health in the Arab world Series in The Lancet, this report has three overarching objectives. First, we present selected experiences of other countries that had similar social and political changes, and how these events affected their path towards UHC. Second, we present a brief overview of the development of health-care systems in the Arab world with regard to health-care coverage and financing, with a focus on Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, and Yemen. Third, we aim to integrate historical lessons with present contexts in a roadmap for action that addresses the challenges and opportunities for progression towards UHC.
Department of Health Management and Policy, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon. Electronic address: ss117@aub.edu.lb.
Shadi S
SS
Saleh
Department of Health Management and Policy, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Mohamad S
MS
Alameddine
Department of Health Management and Policy, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Nabil M
NM
Natafgi
WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt.
Awad
A
Mataria
Tunis, Tunisia.
Belgacem
B
Sabri
Department of Planning and Development, Ministry of Public Health and Population, Sana'a, Yemen.
Jamal
J
Nasher
Sadeq Institute, Tripoli, Libya.
Moez
M
Zeiton
Office of the Minister of Health, Cairo, Egypt.
Shaimaa
S
Ahmad
WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt.
Sameen
S
Siddiqi
D002960:Civil Disorders; D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000266:history / Q000458:organization & administration; D004534:Egypt; D018166:Health Care Reform / Q000266:history / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000639:trends*; D005102:Health Expenditures / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D008002:Libya; D011057:Politics; D011332:Privatization / Q000639:trends; D019984:Quality Indicators, Health Care; D012922:Social Change; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014416:Tunisia; D019472:Universal Health Insurance / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000639:trends*; D015006:Yemen