Mutagenesis breeding for increased 3-deoxyanthocyanidin accumulation in leaves of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench: a source of natural food pigment.
Natural food colorants with functional properties are of increasing interest. Prior papers indicate the chemical suitability of sorghum leaf 3-deoxyanthocyanidins as natural food colorants. Via mutagenesis-assisted breeding, a sorghum variety that greatly overaccumulates 3-deoxyanthocyanidins of leaf tissue, named REDforGREEN (RG), has been isolated and characterized. Interestingly, RG not only caused increased 3-deoxyanthocyanidins but also caused increased tannins, chlorogenic acid, and total phenolics in the leaf tissue. Chemical composition of pigments was established through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) that identified luteolinidin (LUT) and apigeninidin (APG) as the main 3-deoxyanthocianidin species. Specifically, 3-deoxyanthocianidin levels were 1768 μg g⁻¹ LUT and 421 μg g⁻¹ APG in RG leaves compared with trace amounts in wild type, representing 1000-fold greater levels in the mutant leaves. Thus, RG represents a useful sorghum mutagenesis variant to develop as a functionalized food colorant.
Plant Physiology, Department of Horticulture, Agricultural Science Center North, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States.
Carloalberto
C
Petti
Rekha
R
Kushwaha
Mizuki
M
Tateno
Anne Elizabeth
AE
Harman-Ware
Mark
M
Crocker
Joseph
J
Awika
Seth
S
Debolt
D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D047310:Apigenin / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D001947:Breeding / Q000379:methods*; D005505:Food Coloring Agents; D016296:Mutagenesis; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D045868:Sorghum / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000094162:Phytoalexins
D000872:Anthocyanins; D047310:Apigenin; D005505:Food Coloring Agents; D010860:Pigments, Biological; C104027:apigeninidin; D000094162:Phytoalexins; C518537:luteolinidin