Quantitative assessments of indoor air pollution and the risk of childhood acute leukemia in Shanghai.
We investigated the association between indoor air pollutants and childhood acute leukemia (AL). A total of 105 newly diagnosed cases and 105 1:1 gender-, age-, and hospital-matched controls were included. Measurements of indoor pollutants (including nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and 17 types of volatile organic compounds (VOCs)) were taken with diffusive samplers for 64 pairs of cases and controls. Higher concentrations of NO2 and almost half of VOCs were observed in the cases than in the controls and were associated with the increased risk of childhood AL. The use of synthetic materials for wall decoration and furniture in bedroom was related to the risk of childhood AL. Renovating the house in the last 5 years, changing furniture in the last 5 years, closing the doors and windows overnight in the winter and/or summer, paternal smoking history and outdoor pollutants affected VOC concentrations. Our results support the association between childhood AL and indoor air pollution.
Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
Yu
Y
Gao
Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
Yan
Y
Zhang
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
Michihiro
M
Kamijima
Department of Environmental Health, Nagoya City Public Health Research Institute, Nagoya 467-8615, Japan.
Kiyoshi
K
Sakai
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
Md
M
Khalequzzaman
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
Tamie
T
Nakajima
Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
Rong
R
Shi
Department of Biostatistics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
Xiaojin
X
Wang
Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
Didi
D
Chen
Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
Xiaofan
X
Ji
Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
Kaiyi
K
Han
Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China; MOE and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China. Electronic address: tianmiejp@sjtu.edu.cn.
Ying
Y
Tian
D000208:Acute Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000032:analysis* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide / Q000032:analysis; D012621:Seasons; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000032:analysis
D000393:Air Pollutants; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide
Acute leukemia; Child; Indoor air; Volatile organic compounds