Influence of pressure-relief insoles developed for loaded gait (backpackers and obese people) on plantar pressure distribution and ground reaction forces.
The aims of this study were to test the effects of two pressure relief insoles developed for backpackers and obese people on the ground reaction forces (GRF) and plantar pressure peaks during gait; and to compare the GRF and plantar pressures among normal-weight, backpackers, and obese participants. Based on GRF, plantar pressures, and finite element analysis two insoles were manufactured: flat cork-based insole with (i) corkgel in the rearfoot and forefoot (SLS1) and with (ii) poron foam in the great toe and lateral forefoot (SLS2). Gait data were recorded from 21 normal-weight/backpackers and 10 obese participants. The SLS1 did not influence the GRF, but it relieved the pressure peaks for both backpackers and obese participants. In SLS2 the load acceptance GRF peak was lower; however, it did not reduce the plantar pressure peaks. The GRF and plantar pressure gait pattern were different among the normal-weight, backpackers and obese participants.
Center of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, School of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; Activity and Human Movement Study Center/Department of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Science, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Valente Perfeito, 22, 4400-330 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal; Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: marcelocastro_fisio@hotmail.com.
Marcelo
M
Peduzzi de Castro
Center of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, School of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.
Sofia
S
Abreu
Institute of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Management, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 400, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
Viviana
V
Pinto
Activity and Human Movement Study Center/Department of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Science, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Valente Perfeito, 22, 4400-330 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal.
Rubim
R
Santos
Center of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, School of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.
Leandro
L
Machado
Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; Institute of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Management, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 400, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
Mario
M
Vaz
Center of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, School of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.
João Paulo
JP
Vilas-Boas
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D006804:Ergonomics; D005260:Female; D005528:Foot / Q000502:physiology; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011312:Pressure; D012775:Shoes / Q000592:standards; D016474:Weight-Bearing / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
Obesity; Orthoses; Walking