Combined effect of three types of biophysical stimuli for bone regeneration.
Pretreatment using various types of biophysical stimuli could provide appropriate potential to cells during construction of the engineered tissue in vitro. We hypothesized that multiple combinations of these biophysical stimuli could enhance osteogenic differentiation in vitro and bone formation in vivo. Cyclic strain, an electromagnetic field, and ultrasound were selected and combined as effective stimuli for osteogenic differentiation using a developed bioreactor. Here we report the experimental evaluation of the osteogenic effects of various combinations of three different biophysical stimuli in vitro and in vivo using human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). Osteogenic differentiation of ASCs was accelerated by multiple-combination biophysical stimulation in vitro. However, both single stimulation and double-combination stimulation were sufficient to accelerate bone regeneration in vivo, while the osteogenic marker expression of those groups was not as high as that of triple-combination stimulation in vitro. We inferred from these data that ASCs appropriately differentiated into the osteogenic lineage by biophysical stimulation could be a better option for accelerating bone formation in vivo than relatively undifferentiated or completely differentiated ASCs. Although many questions remain about the mechanisms of combined effects of various biophysical stimuli, this approach could be a more powerful tool for bone tissue regeneration.
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Pohang, Republic of Korea.
Kyung Shin
KS
Kang
Jung Min
JM
Hong
Young Hun
YH
Jeong
Young-Joon
YJ
Seol
Woon-Jae
WJ
Yong
Jong-Won
JW
Rhie
Dong-Woo
DW
Cho
D000818:Animals; D055592:Biophysical Phenomena; D019149:Bioreactors; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000494:pharmacology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D034882:Lamins / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D011091:Polyesters / Q000494:pharmacology; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects
D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; D034882:Lamins; D011091:Polyesters; C493716:Runx2 protein, mouse; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; C016240:polycaprolactone; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; C018392:tricalcium phosphate