Tissue expression and serum levels of periostin during pregnancy: a new biomarker of embryo-endometrial cross talk at implantation.
OBJECTIVE
The molecular aspects involved in human implantation include many elements that were first discovered due to their role in cancer cell metastasis. Periostin, a cell adhesion protein that allows the maintenance of cancer stem cells, may influence implantation. The objective of this experimental case-control study was to investigate tissue and serum expression of periostin during pregnancy, and evaluate the potential role of periostin in endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation.


METHODS
Forty-five subjects were included in the final analysis: 15 women who had experienced spontaneous pregnancy loss were enrolled as cases, and 30 healthy pregnant women awaiting voluntary pregnancy termination were enrolled as controls. For both cases and controls, trophoblastic and decidual tissues were collected at 12 weeks of gestation. Periostin expression in decidual and trophoblastic tissues was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in cases and controls, and periostin serum levels was analyzed by Western blotting assays in cases, controls and non-pregnant female volunteers.


RESULTS
Periostin mRNA and protein levels were higher in decidual and trophoblastic tissues from women undergoing voluntary pregnancy termination compared with women who had experienced spontaneous pregnancy loss. This finding was also reflected at serum level.


CONCLUSIONS
Periostin may be a serum marker of good endometrial receptivity and embryo quality, and predictive of pregnancy evolution.
Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 'Magna Graecia' University-Catanzaro, Italy.
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M
Morelli
Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 'Magna Graecia' University-Catanzaro, Italy.
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R
Misaggi
Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 'Magna Graecia' University-Catanzaro, Italy. Electronic address: annalisa_dicello84@yahoo.it.
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A
Di Cello
Unit of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Health Science Department, 'Magna Graecia' University -Catanzaro, Italy.
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V
Zuccalà
Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 'Magna Graecia' University-Catanzaro, Italy.
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F
Costanzo
Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 'Magna Graecia' University-Catanzaro, Italy.
F
F
Zullo
Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 'Magna Graecia' University-Catanzaro, Italy.
B
B
Quaresima
D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000097:blood*; D010064:Embryo Implantation; D004717:Endometrium / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000097:blood*; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
D015415:Biomarkers; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; C512835:POSTN protein, human
Embryo implantation; Endometrial receptivity; Periostin; Trophoblastic invasion