Micro-a-fluidics ELISA for rapid CD4 cell count at the point-of-care.
HIV has become one of the most devastating pathogens in human history. Despite fast progress in HIV-related basic research, antiretroviral therapy (ART) remains the most effective method to save AIDS patients' lives. Unfortunately, ART cannot be universally accessed, especially in developing countries, due to the lack of effective treatment monitoring diagnostics. Here, we present an inexpensive, rapid and portable micro-a-fluidic platform, which can streamline the process of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in a fully automated manner for CD4 cell count. The micro-a-fluidic CD4 cell count is achieved by eliminating operational fluid flow via "moving the substrate", as opposed to "flowing liquid" in traditional ELISA or microfluidic methods. This is the first demonstration of capturing and detecting cells from unprocessed whole blood using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in a microfluidic channel. Combined with cell phone imaging, the presented micro-a-fluidic ELISA platform holds great promise for offering rapid CD4 cell count to scale up much needed ART in resource-constrained settings. The developed system can be extended to multiple areas for ELISA-related assays.
Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139, USA.
ShuQi
S
Wang
Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139, USA.
Savas
S
Tasoglu
Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139, USA.
Paul Z
PZ
Chen
Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139, USA.
Michael
M
Chen
zyeğin University, Civil Engineering Department, Istanbul, Turkey.
Ragip
R
Akbas
Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139, USA.
Sonya
S
Wach
Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139, USA.
Cenk Ibrahim
CI
Ozdemir
1] Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139, USA [2].
Umut Atakan
UA
Gurkan
Infectious Diseases Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Francoise F
FF
Giguel
Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Daniel R
DR
Kuritzkes
1] Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139, USA [2] Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA [3] Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Utkan
U
Demirci
D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D040421:Cell Phone; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D044085:Microfluidics / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems; D019562:Viral Load