Clinical, cytogenetic and CYP1A1 exon-1 gene mutation analysis of Beedi workers in Vellore region, Tamil Nadu.
BACKGROUND
Beedi rollers are exposed to unburnt tobacco dust through cutaneous and pharyngeal route and it is extremely harmful to the body since it is carcinogenic in nature and can cause cancer during long exposure. This indicates that occupational exposure to tobacco imposes considerable genotoxicity among beedi workers.


METHODS
In the present study, 27 beedi workers and age and sex matched controls were enrolled for clinical, cytogenetics and molecular analysis. Clinical features were recorded. The workers were in the age group of 28-67 years and were workers exposure from 8-60 years. Blood samples were collected from workers and control subjects and lymphocyte cultures were carried out by using standard technique, slides were prepared and 50 metaphases were scored for each sample to find the chromosomal abnormalities. For molecular analysis the genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood, to screen the variations in gene, the exon 1 of CYP1A1 gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and then screened with Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) analysis.


RESULTS
A statistically significant increase was observed in the frequencies of chromosomal aberrations in exposed groups when compared to the respective controls and variations observed in Exon 1 of CYP1A1(Cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily A, polypeptide 1) gene.


CONCLUSIONS
This study shows that, the toxicants present in the beedi that enter into human body causes disturbance to normal state and behavior of the chromosomes which results in reshuffling of hereditary material causing chromosomal aberrations and genomic variations.
Division of Biomolecules and Genetics, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Tamil Nadu, India E-mail : abilash.vg@vit.ac.in.
Rajiv
R
Sundaramoorthy
Vasanth
V
Srinivasan
Jidnyasa
J
Gujar
Ayantika
A
Sen
Nishu
N
Sekar
Valsala Gopalakrishnan
VG
Abilash
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000235:genetics*; D020732:Cytogenetic Analysis; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D011379:Prognosis; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000209:etiology*; D055815:Young Adult
C569463:CYP1A1 protein, human; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1