Lateral ankle stabilization after distal fibular resection using a novel approach: a surgical technique.
BACKGROUND
After tumor resection involving the distal fibula, the method for recreating stability of the lateral ankle remains controversial. Many reconstructive options exist, including allograft reconstruction and arthrodesis; however, each of these approaches has significant potential disadvantages.


METHODS
The distal fibula is resected as necessary to obtain negative margins for local control of the neoplasm. Reconstruction of the lateral ankle ligamentous complex is performed using the peroneus brevis tendon to reestablish lateral and anterior stability of the tibiotalar joint. The peroneus brevis tendon is transected proximally at it myotendinous junction and then sutured to the calcaneofibular and anterior talofibular ligaments in sequence and then tenodesed to the lateral distal tibia with suture anchors and a staple.


METHODS
We present three patients who underwent distal fibulectomy for tumors originating in the distal fibula. All patients who have undergone the reconstruction being described are included within this cohort study. The patients were assessed clinically and radiographically at a range of 14 months to 9.5 years (average, 4.8 years) for functional recovery, return of range of motion, stability of the ankle, and imaging evidence of arthrosis and instability.


RESULTS
There were no episodes of instability or early progression to arthrosis. In addition, all patients obtained excellent ankle stability and range of motion on examination, but two had complications. One sustained a traumatic fracture to the base of the fifth metatarsal that healed with nonsurgical treatment and another who underwent further fibular shortening and bursectomy at the tip of the residual fibula with complete relief of his symptoms.


CONCLUSIONS
Reconstruction of the lateral ankle after distal fibular resection is possible using the peroneus brevis tenodesed to the distal tibia and sutured to the remnants of the calcaneofibular and anterior talofibular ligaments as described in this surgical technique. In this small group, we found that patients were able to return to normal daily activities without instability or progression to tibiotalar arthrosis at short term; however, longer followup and larger series of patients are called for to confirm these findings.
Orthopaedic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, 59 Executive Park South, Suite 2000, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA, dmonson@emory.edu.
David Kevin
DK
Monson
Saman
S
Vojdani
Thad James
TJ
Dean
John
J
Louis-Ugbo
D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002813:Chondrosarcoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005360:Fibula / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017844:Lateral Ligament, Ankle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D011859:Radiography; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012512:Sarcoma, Ewing / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult