[Melanomas of the female genital tract: state of the art].
Melanoma of the female genital tract is a rare location (less than 2% of melanomas all sites combined). These cancers have a very poor prognosis, due to the delay in diagnosis. Vulvar location is about 1% of melanomas then the vaginal location, uterine and ovarian. There is no consensus to date regarding their care, due to the rarity of the lesions. Their treatment must however be based on the current data concerning gynaecological cancers as well as standard management of cutaneous melanoma. The treatment is often based on conservative surgery, because radical resection does not improve survival. For the vulva and vagina, reconstructive surgery is possible. Treatment is sometimes supplemented by chemotherapy or radiotherapy, which could improve local control. The interest in the use of targeted therapy in these locations is not well known because of their rarity, but the study of genes c-Kit and BRAF provides new prospects for treatment. The objective of this review is to describe and report the current state of knowledge about gynaecologic melanomas.
Institut de cancérologie Lucien-Neuwirth, département de radiothérapie, 108 bis, avenue Albert-Raimond, BP 60008, 42271 Saint-Priest en Jarez, France.
Jane-Chloé
JC
Trone
Institut de cancérologie Lucien-Neuwirth, département de radiothérapie, 108 bis, avenue Albert-Raimond, BP 60008, 42271 Saint-Priest en Jarez, France.
Jean-Baptiste
JB
Guy
Département d'oncologie médicale, institut de cancérologie Lucien-Neuwirth, 108 bis, avenue Albert-Raimond, BP 60008, 42271 Saint-Priest en Jarez, France.
Benoite
B
Mery
Institut de cancérologie Lucien-Neuwirth, département de radiothérapie, 108 bis, avenue Albert-Raimond, BP 60008, 42271 Saint-Priest en Jarez, France.
Julien
J
Langrand Escure
Institut de cancérologie Lucien-Neuwirth, département de radiothérapie, 108 bis, avenue Albert-Raimond, BP 60008, 42271 Saint-Priest en Jarez, France.
Rima
R
Lahmar
Institut de cancérologie Lucien-Neuwirth, département de radiothérapie, 108 bis, avenue Albert-Raimond, BP 60008, 42271 Saint-Priest en Jarez, France.
Coralie
C
Moncharmont
Département d'oncologie médicale, institut de cancérologie Lucien-Neuwirth, 108 bis, avenue Albert-Raimond, BP 60008, 42271 Saint-Priest en Jarez, France.
Romain
R
Rivoirard
CHU de Saint-Étienne, hôpital Nord, service de gynécologie obstétrique, 42055 Saint-Étienne cedex 2, France.
Tiphaine
T
Semay
CHU de Saint-Étienne, hôpital Nord, service de gynécologie obstétrique, 42055 Saint-Étienne cedex 2, France.
Céline
C
Chauleur
Département d'oncologie médicale, institut de cancérologie Lucien-Neuwirth, 108 bis, avenue Albert-Raimond, BP 60008, 42271 Saint-Priest en Jarez, France.
Olivier
O
Collard
Groupe hospitalier de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, service d'oncologie médicale, 14, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France.
Stéphane
S
Vignot
Institut de cancérologie Lucien-Neuwirth, département de radiothérapie, 108 bis, avenue Albert-Raimond, BP 60008, 42271 Saint-Priest en Jarez, France.
Nicolas
N
Magné
D057210:Delayed Diagnosis; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005833:Genital Neoplasms, Female / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008545:Melanoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D011379:Prognosis; D035583:Rare Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D014625:Vaginal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D014846:Vulvar Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy
female genital tract; mucosal melanoma; prognosis; review