Serum N-glycan profiling predicts prognosis in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of serum N-glycan profiling for prognosis in hemodialysis patients.


METHODS
Serum N-glycan analysis was performed in 100 hemodialysis patients in June 2008 using the glycoblotting method, which allows high-throughput, comprehensive, and quantitative N-glycan analysis. All patients were longitudinally followed up for 5 years. To evaluate the independent predictors for prognosis, patients' background, blood biochemistry, and N-glycans intensity were analyzed using Cox regression multivariate analysis. Selected N-glycans and independent factors were evaluated using the log-rank test with the Kaplan-Meier method to identify the predictive indicators for prognosis. Each patient was categorized according to the number of risk factors to evaluate the predictive potential of the risk criteria for prognosis.


RESULTS
In total, 56 N-glycan types were identified in the hemodialysis patients. Cox regression multivariate analysis showed cardiovascular events, body mass index, maximum intima media thickness, and the serum N-glycan intensity of peak number 49 were predictive indicators for overall survival. Risk classification according to the number of independent risk factors revealed significantly poor survival by increasing the number of risk factors.


CONCLUSIONS
Serum N-glycan profiling may have a potential to predict prognosis in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
Shingo
S
Hatakeyama
Faculty of Advanced Life Science and Frontier Research Center for Post-Genome Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan.
Maho
M
Amano
Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
Yuki
Y
Tobisawa
Department of Advanced Transplant and Regenerative Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
Tohru
T
Yoneyama
Department of Radiological Technology, Hirosaki University School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
Megumi
M
Tsushima
Faculty of Advanced Life Science and Frontier Research Center for Post-Genome Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan.
Kazuko
K
Hirose
Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
Takahiro
T
Yoneyama
Department of Advanced Transplant and Regenerative Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
Yasuhiro
Y
Hashimoto
Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
Takuya
T
Koie
Department of Urology, Oyokyo Kidney Research Institute, Hirosaki 036-8243, Japan.
Hisao
H
Saitoh
Department of Urology, Oyokyo Kidney Research Institute, Hirosaki 036-8243, Japan.
Kanemitsu
K
Yamaya
Department of Urology, Oyokyo Kidney Research Institute, Hirosaki 036-8243, Japan.
Tomihisa
T
Funyu
Faculty of Advanced Life Science and Frontier Research Center for Post-Genome Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan.
Shin-Ichiro
S
Nishimura
Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan ; Department of Advanced Transplant and Regenerative Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
Chikara
C
Ohyama
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000097:blood*; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate
D011134:Polysaccharides