[Emissions of greenhouse gas and ammonia from the full process of sewage sludge composting and land application of compost].
There is a great uncertainty of greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction and nitrogen conservation from the full process of sludge composting and land application of compost in China due to the lack of emission data of GHG such as N2O and CH4 and ammonia (NH3). The purpose of this study is to get emission characteristics of GHGs and NH3 from the full process with on-site observation. Results showed that the total GHG emission factor from full process of the turning windrow (TW) system (eCO2/dry sludge, 196.21 kg x t(-1)) was 1.61 times higher of that from the ATP system. Among the full process, N2O was mostly from the land application of compost, whereas CH4 mainly resulted from the sludge composting. In the sludge composting of ATP, the GHG emission equivalence of the ATP (eCO2/dry sludge, 12.47 kg x t(-1) was much lower than that of the TW (eCO2/dry sludge, 86.84 kg x t(-1)). The total NH3 emission factor of the TW (NH3/dry sludge, 6.86 kg x t(-1)) was slightly higher than that of the ATP (NH3/dry sludge, 6.63 kg x t(-1)). NH3 was the major contributor of nitrogen loss in the full process. During the composting, the nitrogen loss as NH3 from both TW and ATP was nearly the same as 30% of TN loss from raw materials, and the N and C loss caused by N2O and CH4 were negligible. These results clearly showed that the ATP was a kind of environmentally friendly composting technology.
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China. zhj0735@qq.com
Jia
J
Zhong
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
Yuan-Song
YS
Wei
Beijing Drainage Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100038, China.
Zhen-Feng
ZF
Zhao
Beijing Drainage Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100038, China.
Mei-Juan
MJ
Ying
Beijing Drainage Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100038, China.
Guo-Sheng
GS
Zhou
Beijing Drainage Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100038, China.
Jian-Jun
JJ
Xiong
Beijing Drainage Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100038, China.
Pei-Cai
PC
Liu
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
Zhen
Z
Ge
Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.
Gang-Qiang
GQ
Ding
D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000032:analysis; D002681:China; D005740:Gases / Q000032:analysis; D017752:Greenhouse Effect; D008697:Methane / Q000032:analysis; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D009609:Nitrous Oxide / Q000032:analysis; D012722:Sewage
D005740:Gases; D012722:Sewage; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D000641:Ammonia; D009609:Nitrous Oxide; D009584:Nitrogen; D008697:Methane