Evaluation of root canal configuration of maxillary molars in a Brazilian population using cone-beam computed tomographic imaging: an in vivo study.
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to analyze and characterize root canal morphology of maxillary molars of the Brazilian population using cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) imaging.


METHODS
Patients referred for a CBCT radiographic examination for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning were enrolled in the study. A total of 620 healthy, untreated, fully developed maxillary first and second molars were included (314 first molars and 306 second molars). The following observations were recorded: (1) number of roots and their morphology, (2) number of canals per root, (3) fused roots, and (4) primary variations in the morphology of the root canal systems.


RESULTS
First and second molars showed a higher prevalence of 3 separate roots, mesiobuccal, distobuccal, and palatal, with 1 canal in each root (52.87% and 45.09%, respectively). Two canals in the mesiobuccal roots represented 42.63% of teeth, whereas mesiobuccal roots of second molars presented 2 canals in 34.32%. The most common anatomic variation in the maxillary first molar was related to the root canal configuration of the mesiobuccal root, whereas the root canal system of the maxillary second molar teeth showed more anatomic variables.


CONCLUSIONS
Mesiobuccal roots of maxillary molar teeth had more variation in their canal system than the distobuccal or palatal roots. The root canal configuration of the maxillary second molars was more variable than the first molars in a Brazilian population. CBCT imaging is a clinically useful tool for endodontic diagnosis and treatment planning.
Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address: nogueiraemmanuel@hotmail.com.
Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal
EJ
Silva
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Radiology Division, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Yuri
Y
Nejaim
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Radiology Division, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Amaro I V
AI
Silva
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Radiology Division, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Francisco
F
Haiter-Neto
Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontic Division, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Alexandre A
AA
Zaia
Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
Nestor
N
Cohenca
D063405:Anatomic Variation; D001938:Brazil; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D005671:Fused Teeth / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008963:Molar / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
Anatomy; cone-beam computed tomographic imaging; maxillary molars; morphology; root canal