Indocyanine green fluorescence imaging in the surgical management of liver cancers: current facts and future implications.
Imaging detection of liver cancers and identification of the bile ducts during surgery, based on the fluorescence properties of indocyanine green, has recently been developed in liver surgery. The principle of this imaging technique relies on the intravenous administration of indocyanine green before surgery and the illumination of the surface of the liver by an infrared camera that simultaneously induces and collects the fluorescence. Detection by fluorescence is based on the contrast between the (fluorescent) tumoral or peri-tumoral tissues and the healthy (non-fluorescent) liver. Results suggest that indocyanine green fluorescence imaging is capable of identification of new liver cancers and enables the characterization of known hepatic lesions in real time during liver resection. The purpose of this paper is to present the fundamental principles of fluorescence imaging detection, to describe successively the practical and technical aspects of its use and the appearance of hepatic lesions in fluorescence, and to expose the diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives of this innovative imaging technique in liver surgery.
Service de Chirurgie Digestive, Hépatobiliaire, Pancréatique et Transplantation Hépatique, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 51, avenue du Maréchal-de-Lattre-de-Tassigny, 94010 Créteil, France. Electronic address: chetana.lim@gmail.com.
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Lim
Service de Chirurgie Hépatobiliaire, Pancréatique et Transplantation Hépatique, Hôpital Paul-Brousse, 12, avenue Paul-Vaillant-Couturier, 94804 Villejuif, France.
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Vibert
Service de Chirurgie Digestive, Hépatobiliaire, Pancréatique et Transplantation Hépatique, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 51, avenue du Maréchal-de-Lattre-de-Tassigny, 94010 Créteil, France.
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Azoulay
Service de Chirurgie Digestive, Hépatobiliaire, Pancréatique et Transplantation Hépatique, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 51, avenue du Maréchal-de-Lattre-de-Tassigny, 94010 Créteil, France.
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Salloum
Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Ishizawa
Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Yoshioka
Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Mise
Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Sakamoto
Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Aoki
Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Sugawara
Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Hasegawa
Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Kokudo
D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006801:Humans; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence
D004396:Coloring Agents; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007208:Indocyanine Green
Camera; Fluorescence; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Indocyanine green; Liver metastases