Refusal self efficacy, self esteem, smoking refusal skills and water pipe (Hookah) smoking among iranian male adolescents.
BACKGROUND
Tobacco use among adolescents is a major public health concern, and identifying predictors of smoking is necessary for planning prevention programs. The present study examined the relationship between refusal self efficacy, self esteem, smoking refusal skills and water pipe (hookah) smoking among Iranian male adolescents.


METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 380 Iranian male adolescents aged between 15-19 years selected by multistage sampling. The participants completed an anonymous, voluntary, self-report questionnaire. Variables independently associated with water pipe (WP) smoking were identified by multiple logistic regression analysis.


RESULTS
The mean age of the participants was 16.7±1.3 years. The prevalence of WP smoking was 17.3%. Logistic regression analysis revealed that knowledge (OR=0.56; 95% CI: (0.37-0.79), attitude (OR=0.69; 95% CI: (0.52-0.89), self esteem (OR=0.67; 95% CI: (0.55-0.82), smoking refusal skills (OR=0.73; 95% CI: (0.55-0.87), and self efficacy (OR=.82; 95% CI: (0.61-0.93) were all signifcant prediting facotrs for adolescents WP smoking.


CONCLUSIONS
The findings have implications for public health interventions. Indeed, self efficacy and smoking refusal skills should be considered when developing tailored measures for the prevention of WP smoking among adolescents.
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran E-mail : niknamis@modares.ac.ir.
Mahmood
M
Karimy
Shamsaddin
S
Niknami
Ali Reza
AR
Heidarnia
Ebrahim
E
Hajizadeh
Mohsen
M
Shamsi
D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D000328:Adult; D001290:Attitude; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012649:Self Concept; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult