Paenibacillus darwinianus sp. nov., isolated from gamma-irradiated Antarctic soil.
A novel bacterium, strain Br(T), was isolated from gamma-irradiated soils of the Britannia drift, Lake Wellman Region, Antarctica. This isolate was rod-shaped, endospore forming, Gram-stain-variable, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative and strictly aerobic. Cells possessed a monotrichous flagellum. Optimal growth was observed at 18 °C, pH 7.0 in PYGV or R2A broth. The major cellular fatty acid was anteiso-C15 : 0 (63.4 %). Primary identified lipids included phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. Total phospholipid was 60 % (w/w) of the total lipid extract. MK-7 was the dominant isoprenoid quinone. The genomic DNA G+C content was 55.6 mol%. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain Br(T) clusters within the genus Paenibacillus with similarity values ranging from 93.9 to 95.1 %. Phylogenetic analyses by maximum-likelihood, maximum-parsimony and neighbour-joining methods revealed that strain Br(T) clusters with Paenibacillus daejeonensis (AF290916), Paenibacillus tarimensis (EF125184) and Paenibacillus pinihumi (GQ423057), albeit with weak bootstrap support. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics, we propose that strain Br(T) represents a novel species, Paenibacillus darwinianus sp. nov. The type strain is Br(T) ( = DSM 27245(T) = ICMP 19912(T)).
Centre for Microbial Innovation, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
Melissa
M
Dsouza
Centre for Microbial Innovation, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
Michael W
MW
Taylor
Callaghan Innovation Limited, PO Box 31310, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand.
Jason
J
Ryan
Callaghan Innovation Limited, PO Box 31310, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand.
Andrew
A
MacKenzie
Callaghan Innovation Limited, PO Box 31310, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand.
Kirill
K
Lagutin
School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
Robert F
RF
Anderson
BioDiscovery New Zealand Limited, Parnell, Auckland, New Zealand.|Centre for Microbial Innovation, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
Susan J
SJ
Turner
Landcare Research, Private Bag 3127, Hamilton, New Zealand.
Jackie
J
Aislabie
D000864:Antarctic Regions; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D056507:Paenibacillus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000737:chemistry; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D024482:Vitamin K 2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry
D005227:Fatty Acids; D010743:Phospholipids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D024482:Vitamin K 2; C062629:menaquinone 7