Influence of free fatty acids on glucose uptake in prostate cancer cells.
BACKGROUND
The study focuses on the interaction between glucose and free fatty acids (FFA) in malignant human prostate cancer cell lines by an in vitro observation of uptake of fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) and acetate.


METHODS
Human prostate cancer cell lines (PC3, CWR22Rv1, LNCaP, and DU145) were incubated for 2 h and 24 h in glucose-containing (5.5 mM) Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) with varying concentrations of the free fatty acid palmitate (0-1.0 mM). Then the cells were incubated with [(18)F]-FDG (1 μCi/mL; 0.037 MBq/mL) in DMEM either in presence or absence of glucose and in presence of varying concentrations of palmitate for 1 h. Standardized procedures regarding cell counting and measuring for (18)F radioactivity were applied. Cell uptake studies with (14)C-1-acetate under the same conditions were performed on PC3 cells.


RESULTS
In glucose containing media there was significantly increased FDG uptake after 24 h incubation in all cell lines, except DU145, when upper physiological levels of palmitate were added. A 4-fold increase of FDG uptake in PC3 cells (15.11% vs. 3.94%/10(6) cells) was observed in media with 1.0 mM palmitate compared to media with no palmitate. The same tendency was observed in PC3 and CWR22Rv1 cells after 2 h incubation. In glucose-free media no significant differences in FDG uptake after 24 h incubation were observed. The significant differences after 2 h incubation all pointed in the direction of increased FDG uptake when palmitate was added. Acetate uptake in PC3 cells was significantly lower when palmitate was added in glucose-free DMEM. No clear tendency when comparing FDG or acetate uptake in the same media at different time points of incubation was observed.


CONCLUSIONS
Our results indicate a FFA dependent metabolic boost/switch of glucose uptake in PCa, with patterns reflecting the true heterogeneity of the disease.
Department of Clinical Physiology & Nuclear Medicine, Herlev Hospital, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark. Electronic address: dr.kimfandersen@hotmail.com.
Kim Francis
KF
Andersen
Radiochemistry & Imaging Sciences Services, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
Vadim
V
Divilov
Radiochemistry & Imaging Sciences Services, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
Kuntalkumar
K
Sevak
Department of Clinical Physiology & Nuclear Medicine, Herlev Hospital, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.
Jacek
J
Koziorowski
Radiochemistry & Imaging Sciences Services, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
Jason S
JS
Lewis
Radiochemistry & Imaging Sciences Services, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
NagaVarakishore
N
Pillarsetty
D000085:Acetates / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*
D000085:Acetates; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005947:Glucose
Cell uptake; Free fatty acid; Glucose; Metabolism; Prostate cancer