Lower urinary tract symptoms and erectile dysfunction in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and erectile dysfunction (ED) and the relationships between LUTS, ED, depression, and other factors in Korean men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).


METHODS
This cross-sectional study included 124 male patients with T2DM who attended a university hospital diabetes clinic between October 2010 and April 2012. Data were collected using structured interviews and chart reviews. LUTS were measured using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), ED using the five-item Korean version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), depression using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and glycosylated hemoglobin level from clinical data.


RESULTS
The IPSS score was 9.2±6.6. The total IPSS scores indicated that 53.3% of the subjects had either moderate or severe symptoms. The mean IIEF score was 7.3±8.6, indicating the severity of ED to be mild, mild to moderate, moderate, and severe in 10.5%, 9.7%, 1.6%, and 66.9% of the participants, respectively. LUTS showed a significant negative correlation with ED (r=-0.26, P=0.003) and a significant positive correlation with depression (r=0.33, P<0.001). ED was negatively correlated with age (r=-0.44, P<0.001), duration of diabetes (r=-0.26, P=0.004), and depression (r=-0.24, P=0.008).


CONCLUSIONS
LUTS and ED were found to have a high prevalence among Korean men with T2DM. More severe ED was associated with worse LUTS, whereas more severe depressive symptoms were found to be associated with more severe ED and LUTS.
Department of Nursing, Jeju National University College of Nursing, Jeju, Korea.
Hyo Jeong
HJ
Song
Department of Nursing, Jeju National University College of Nursing, Jeju, Korea.
Eun Joo
EJ
Lee
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Nursing, Houston, TX, USA.
Nancy
N
Bergstrom
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Nursing, Houston, TX, USA.
Duck-Hee
DH
Kang
Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University School of Medicine & Hospital, Iksan, Korea.
Dae Ho
DH
Lee
Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea.
Gwangpyo
G
Koh
Department of Urology, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea.
Jung-Sik
JS
Huh
Department of Urology, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea.
Sung Dae
SD
Kim
Department of Preventive Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea.
Seong Cheol
SC
Hong
Department of Nursing, Jeju National University College of Nursing, Jeju, Korea.
Seong Sil
SS
Moon
Doctoral Student, Seoul National University College of Nursing, Seoul, Korea.
Jiyoung
J
Kang
Depression; Erectile dysfunction; Lower urinary tract symptoms; Type 2 diabetes mellitus