Amoxicillin administrations and its influence on bone repair around osseointegrated implants.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of 4 different amoxicillin administration protocols on osseointegration of dental implants.


METHODS
Thirty-five Wistar rats received an implant in the right tibia and were divided into 5 groups (n = 7): the control group (G1), a group that received a single dose of amoxicillin suspension (40 mg/kg) hour before surgery (G2), a group that received amoxicillin suspension 1 hour before surgery and a 10-mg/kg dose every 12 hours for 3 days (G3), a group that received amoxicillin suspension 1 hour before surgery and a 10-mg/kg dose every 12 hours for 5 days (G4), and a group that received amoxicillin suspension 1 hour before surgery and a 10-mg/kg dose every 12 hours for 7 days (G5). The animals were sacrificed by anesthesia overdose 28 days after implant placement. The samples were retrieved for bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone area fraction occupancy (BAFO) analyses.


RESULTS
BIC analysis indicated 3 different statistical groups: G1 plus G2, G3, and G4 plus G5. There was no statistical difference between G1 and G2 or between G4 and G5. G3 presented lower values, with statistical difference for G1 plus G2 and G4 plus G5. Also, a statistical difference was found between G1 plus G2 and G4 plus G5. For BAFO evaluation, no statistical difference was found for the experimental groups.


CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study suggest that prolonged use of amoxicillin might have a negative effect on bone formation around implants.
Post Doctoral Fellow, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dental Research Division, University of Guarulhos, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: gabi.giro@gmail.com.
Gabriela
G
Giro
Ph.D. Graduate Student, Department of Pharmacology, Anesthesiology and Therapeutics, São Leopoldo Mandic Dental School, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Joon
J
In
Ph.D. Graduate Student, School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK.
Lukasz
L
Witek
Professor, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Unigranrio University, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil.
Rodrigo
R
Granato
Professor, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Unigranrio University, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil.
Charles
C
Marin
Director for Research, Department of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry; Assistant Professor of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York.
Paulo G
PG
Coelho
Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Anesthesiology and Therapeutics, São Leopoldo Mandic Dental School, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Juliana Cama
JC
Ramacciato
Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Anesthesiology and Therapeutics, São Leopoldo Mandic Dental School, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Rogério Heládio Lopes
RH
Motta
D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015921:Dental Implants; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008297:Male; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000187:drug effects*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013977:Tibia
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D015921:Dental Implants; D000658:Amoxicillin