Headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography for the analysis of aldehydes in edible oils.
Oxidation has important effects on the quality of edible oils. In particular, the generation of aldehydes produced by the oxidation of oils is one of the deteriorative factors to their quality. The aim of this study was to develop a method to determine the aldehydes as lipid oxidation markers in edible oils. Seven aldehydes generated from lipid oxidation were studied using headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector. The extraction efficiency of five commercial fibers was investigated and the influence of extraction temperature, extraction time, desorption temperature, and desorption time were optimized. The best result was obtained with 85 μm carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane, extraction at 50 °C for 15 min and desorption in the gas chromatography injector at 250 °C for 2 min. Under the optimized conditions, the content of hexanal was the highest of the seven aldehydes in all edible oils. The limits of detection for hexanal in the three oils were found to range from 4.6 to 10.2 ng L(-1). The reproducibility of the method was evaluated and the relative standard deviations were less than 8.9%. This developed approach was successfully applied to analyze hexanal in peanut oil, soy oil, and olive oil samples, and these results were compared with those obtained using the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARs) method.
Collage of tea and food science, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China.
Chunhua
C
Ma
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
Jiaojiao
J
Ji
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
Connieal
C
Tan
Fujian Research Institute of Metric Science, Fuzhou 350003, China.
Dongmei
D
Chen
Fujian Research Institute of Metric Science, Fuzhou 350003, China.
Feng
F
Luo
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
Yiru
Y
Wang
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China. Electronic address: xichen@xmu.edu.cn.
Xi
X
Chen
D000447:Aldehydes / Q000032:analysis*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000379:methods*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction / Q000379:methods*
D000447:Aldehydes; D010938:Plant Oils; C010463:n-hexanal
Aldehydes; Edible oils; Headspace solid phase microextraction; Hexanal; Lipid oxidation