Signaling by S-nitrosylation in the heart.
Nitric oxide is a gaseous signaling molecule that is well-known for the Nobel prize-winning research that defined nitric oxide as a physiological regulator of blood pressure in the cardiovascular system. Nitric oxide can signal via the classical pathway involving activation of guanylyl cyclase or by a post-translational modification, referred to as S-nitrosylation (SNO) that can occur on cysteine residues of proteins. As proteins with cysteine residues are common, this allows for amplification of the nitric oxide signaling. This review will focus on the possible mechanisms through which SNO can alter protein function in cardiac cells, and the role of SNO occupancy in these mechanisms. The specific mechanisms that regulate protein SNO, including redox-dependent processes, will also be discussed. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Redox Signalling in the Cardiovascular System".
Cardiac Physiology Laboratory, Systems Biology Center, NHLBI, NIH, USA. Electronic address: murphy1@mail.nih.gov.
Elizabeth
E
Murphy
Cardiac Physiology Laboratory, Systems Biology Center, NHLBI, NIH, USA; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Mark
M
Kohr
Cardiac Physiology Laboratory, Systems Biology Center, NHLBI, NIH, USA.
Sara
S
Menazza
Cardiac Physiology Laboratory, Systems Biology Center, NHLBI, NIH, USA.
Tiffany
T
Nguyen
Cardiac Physiology Laboratory, Systems Biology Center, NHLBI, NIH, USA.
Alicia
A
Evangelista
Cardiac Physiology Laboratory, Systems Biology Center, NHLBI, NIH, USA.
Junhui
J
Sun
Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Charles
C
Steenbergen
D000818:Animals; D006321:Heart; D006801:Humans; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D026403:S-Nitrosothiols / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
D026403:S-Nitrosothiols; D009569:Nitric Oxide
Cardioportection; Nitric oxide; Oxidation