Lab-on-a-chip technology: impacting non-invasive prenatal diagnostics (NIPD) through miniaturisation.
This paper aims to provide a concise review of non-invasive prenatal diagnostics (NIPD) to the lab-on-a-chip and microfluidics community. Having a market of over one billion dollars to explore and a plethora of applications, NIPD requires greater attention from microfluidics researchers. In this review, a complete overview of conventional diagnostic procedures including invasive as well as non-invasive (fetal cells and cell-free fetal DNA) types are discussed. Special focus is given to reviewing the recent and past microfluidic approaches to NIPD, as well as various commercial entities in NIPD. This review concludes with future challenges and ethical considerations of the field.
Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science Technology and Research, 11 Science Park Road, Singapore Science Park 2, Singapore 117685, Singapore. kantakcs@ime.a-star.edu.sg.
Chaitanya
C
Kantak
Chia-Pin
CP
Chang
Chee Chung
CC
Wong
Aniza
A
Mahyuddin
Mahesh
M
Choolani
Abdur
A
Rahman
D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D056656:Lab-On-A-Chip Devices / Q000592:standards*; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation; D008904:Miniaturization; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000592:standards*
D004247:DNA