Effects of exenatide on metabolic parameters/control in obese Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.
The effects of exenatide on glycemic control, lipid metabolism, blood pressure, and gastrointestinal symptoms were investigated in obese Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Twenty-six outpatients were enrolled and administered 5 μg of exenatide twice daily. If there was insufficient weight loss and/or insufficient improvement in glycemic control, the dose was increased to 10 μg twice daily. Follow-up was continued until the 12th week of administration. Hemoglobin A1c, glycoalbumin, fasting plasma glucose, body weight, fasting serum C-peptide, serum lipids, blood pressure, and pulse rate were measured before and after the observation period. In the initial phase of exenatide therapy, each patient received a diary to record gastrointestinal symptoms. During treatment with exenatide, hemoglobin A1c decreased significantly and serum C-peptide increased significantly. Body weight, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and systolic blood pressure decreased significantly. Nausea was the most frequent gastrointestinal symptom and occurred in 16 patients. Its onset was noted at a mean of 1.7 h after injection, the mean duration was 1.1 h, and it continued for a mean of 9.3 days after the initiation of administration. Patients with nausea showed a significant decrease in hemoglobin Alc, glycoalbumin, or body weight compared with those without nausea. These findings suggest that a more marked improvement in metabolic parameters by exenatide can be partly dependent on the manifestation of gastrointestinal symptoms.
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan.
Masaru
M
Tokuda
Tomoyuki
T
Katsuno
Fumihiro
F
Ochi
Kana
K
Miyakoshi
Yoshiki
Y
Kusunoki
Kazuki
K
Murai
Masayuki
M
Miuchi
Tomoya
T
Hamaguchi
Jun-ichiro
J
Miyagawa
Mitsuyoshi
M
Namba
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D000077270:Exenatide; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000819:agonists*; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009325:Nausea / Q000139:chemically induced; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D010455:Peptides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014688:Venoms / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000187:drug effects
D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010455:Peptides; D014688:Venoms; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D000077270:Exenatide