Visible and near-infrared spectroscopy analysis of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in soils.
Visible and near-infrared (VisNIR) spectroscopy is becoming recognised by soil scientists as a rapid and cost-effective measurement method for hydrocarbons in petroleum-contaminated soils. This study investigated the potential application of VisNIR spectroscopy (350-2500 nm) for the prediction of phenanthrene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), in soils. A total of 150 diesel-contaminated soil samples were used in the investigation. Partial least-squares (PLS) regression analysis with full cross-validation was used to develop models to predict the PAH compound. Results showed that the PAH compound was predicted well with residual prediction deviation of 2.0-2.32, root-mean-square error of prediction of 0.21-0.25 mg kg(-1), and coefficient of determination (r (2)) of 0.75-0.83. The mechanism of prediction was attributed to covariation of the PAH with clay and soil organic carbon. Overall, the results demonstrated that the methodology may be used for predicting phenanthrene in soils utilizing the interrelationship between clay and soil organic carbon.
Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK.
Reuben N
RN
Okparanma
Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK.
Abdul M
AM
Mouazen
D000538:Aluminum Silicates / Q000737:chemistry; D002138:Calibration; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D000077215:Clay; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004787:Environmental Pollution; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D010316:Particle Size; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000737:chemistry; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared
D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C031181:phenanthrene; D002244:Carbon; D000077215:Clay