Ameliorative effects of oleanolic acid on fluoride induced metabolic and oxidative dysfunctions in rat brain: Experimental and biochemical studies.
Beneficial effects of oleanolic acid on fluoride-induced oxidative stress and certain metabolic dysfunctions were studied in four regions of rat brain. Male Wistar rats were treated with sodium fluoride at a dose of 20 mg/kg b.w./day (orally) for 30 days. Results indicate marked reduction in acidic, basic and neutral protein contents due to fluoride toxicity in cerebrum, cerebellum, pons and medulla. DNA, RNA contents significantly decreased in those regions after fluoride exposure. Activities of proteolytic enzymes (such as cathepsin, trypsin and pronase) were inhibited by fluoride, whereas transaminase enzyme (GOT and GPT) activities increased significantly in brain tissue. Fluoride appreciably elevated brain malondialdehyde level, free amino acid nitrogen, NO content and free OH radical generation. Additionally, fluoride perturbed GSH content and markedly reduced SOD, GPx, GR and CAT activities in brain tissues. Oral supplementation of oleanolic acid (a plant triterpenoid), at a dose of 5mg/kgb.w./day for last 14 days of fluoride treatment appreciably ameliorated fluoride-induced alteration of brain metabolic functions. Appreciable counteractive effects of oleanolic acid against fluoride-induced changes in protein and nucleic acid contents, proteolytic enzyme activities and other oxidative stress parameters indicate that oleanolic acid has potential antioxidative effects against fluoride-induced oxidative brain damage.
Nutritional Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar 799 022, West Tripura, India.
Chaitali
C
Sarkar
Nutritional Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar 799 022, West Tripura, India. Electronic address: sudiptap12@yahoo.co.in.
Sudipta
S
Pal
Department of Chemistry, Netaji Subhas Mahavidyalaya, Udaipur 799 114, Gomati Tripura, India.
Niranjan
N
Das
Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Agartala, Jirania 799 055, India.
Biswanath
B
Dinda
D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005459:Fluorides / Q000633:toxicity*; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats
D009828:Oleanolic Acid; D005459:Fluorides
Fluoride; Metabolic dysfunction; Nonenzymatic antioxidants; Oleanolic acid; Oxidative stress