Trends in age verification among U.S. adolescents attempting to buy cigarettes at retail stores, 2000-2009.
OBJECTIVE
This study assessed trends in age verification prior to cigarette sales to U.S. middle and high school students, and refusal to sell cigarettes to students aged <18 years during 2000-2009.


METHODS
Data were obtained from the 2000-2009 National Youth Tobacco Survey. Trends during 2000-2009 were assessed using binary logistic regression (p<0.05).


RESULTS
The proportion of all students, who reported being asked to show proof of age prior to a cigarette purchase in the past 30 days did not change significantly between 2000 (46.9%) and 2009 (44.9%) (p=0.529 for linear trend). No significant trend in the proportion of students aged < 18 years who were refused a sale when attempting to buy cigarettes was observed between 2000 (39.8%) and 2009 (36.7%) (p=0.283 for linear trend). Refusal of a cigarette sale was significantly higher among under-aged boys compared to girls (adjusted odds ratio=1.48; 95% confidence interval: 1.28-1.70).


CONCLUSIONS
About half of U.S. middle and high school students who reported making a cigarette purchase were not asked for proof of age, and about three of five under-aged buyers successfully made a cigarette purchase in 2009. Intensified implementation and enforcement of policies requiring age verification among youths is warranted to reduce access and use of tobacco products.
Center for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA.
Filippos T
FT
Filippidis
Center for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA. Electronic address: iagaku@post.harvard.edu.
Israel T
IT
Agaku
Center for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA.
Gregory N
GN
Connolly
Center for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA.
Constantine I
CI
Vardavas
D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D002648:Child; D003132:Commerce / Q000592:standards / Q000639:trends*; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012737:Sex Factors; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D062789:Tobacco Products / Q000191:economics*; D014481:United States
Adolescents; Age; Cigarette; Policy; Proof; Smoking; Under-age; Verification