Revisiting the cutaneous impact of oral hormone replacement therapy.
Menopause is a key point moment in the specific aging process of women. It represents a universal evolution in life. Its initiation is defined by a 12-month amenorrhea following the ultimate menstrual period. It encompasses a series of different biologic and physiologic characteristics. This period of life appears to spot a decline in a series of skin functional performances initiating tissue atrophy, withering, and slackness. Any part of the skin is possibly altered, including the epidermis, dermis, hypodermis, and hair follicles. Hormone replacement therapy (oral and nonoral) and transdermal estrogen therapy represent possible specific managements for women engaged in the climacteric phase. All the current reports indicate that chronologic aging, climacteric estrogen deficiency, and adequate hormone therapy exert profound effects on various parts of the skin.
Laboratory of Skin Bioengineering and Imaging, Department of Clinical Sciences, B23, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
Gérald E
GE
Piérard
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital St Jacques, 25030 Besançon, France.
Philippe
P
Humbert
San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Department of Dermatology, 00144 Roma, Italy.
Enzo
E
Berardesca
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
Ulysse
U
Gaspard
Laboratory of Skin Bioengineering and Imaging, Department of Clinical Sciences, B23, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium ; Department of Dermatopathology, Unilab Lg, University Hospital of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
Trinh
T
Hermanns-Lê
Department of Dermatopathology, Unilab Lg, University Hospital of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium ; Department of Dermatology, Regional Hospital of Huy, 4500 Huy, Belgium.
Claudine
C
Piérard-Franchimont
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000375:Aging / Q000473:pathology*; D000568:Amenorrhea / Q000503:physiopathology; D002979:Climacteric / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D020249:Hormone Replacement Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008593:Menopause / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
D004967:Estrogens