Hyperuricemia and risk of stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies.
BACKGROUND
Hyperuricemia may be associated with an increased risk of stroke, but to date results from prospective studies have been inconsistent. This study aimed to evaluate the association between hyperuricemia and risk of stroke incidence and mortality by performing a meta-analysis.


METHODS
Studies were identified by searching multiple electronic databases through July 13, 2013, and by reviewing reference lists of obtained articles. Prospective studies reported a multivariate-adjusted estimate, represented as relative risk (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between hyperuricemia and risk of stroke incidence and mortality were eligible. A random-effects model was used to compute the pooled risk estimate.


RESULTS
A total of fourteen articles including results from 15 prospective studies with 22,571 cases of stroke and 1,042,358 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, presence of hyperuricemia was associated with a significantly greater risk of both stroke incidence (RR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.02-1.46) and mortality (RR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.24-1.43). In addition, the pooled estimate of multivariate RRs of stroke incidence and mortality were 1.08 (95% CI: 0.85-1.38); 1.26 (95% CI: 1.14-1.40) among men and 1.25 (95% CI: 1.04-1.46); 1.41 (95% CI: 1.31-1.52) among women respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
Results from this meta-analysis indicate that hyperuricemia may modestly increase the risks of both stroke incidence and mortality. Future studies should explore whether hyperuricemia is a modifiable risk factor for stroke.
Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.
Min
M
Li
Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.
Wenshang
W
Hou
Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.
Xiaowei
X
Zhang
Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.
Liqin
L
Hu
Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China. Electronic address: zytang07016@sina.com.
Zhenyu
Z
Tang
D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality
Hyperuricemia; Incidence; Meta-analysis; Mortality; Stroke