Cell type-specific expression analysis to identify putative cellular mechanisms for neurogenetic disorders.
Recent advances have substantially increased the number of genes that are statistically associated with complex genetic disorders of the CNS such as autism and schizophrenia. It is now clear that there will likely be hundreds of distinct loci contributing to these disorders, underscoring a remarkable genetic heterogeneity. It is unclear whether this genetic heterogeneity indicates an equal heterogeneity of cellular mechanisms for these diseases. The commonality of symptoms across patients suggests there could be a functional convergence downstream of these loci upon a limited number of cell types or circuits that mediate the affected behaviors. One possible mechanism for this convergence would be the selective expression of at least a subset of these genes in the cell types that comprise these circuits. Using profiling data from mice and humans, we have developed and validated an approach, cell type-specific expression analysis, for identifying candidate cell populations likely to be disrupted across sets of patients with distinct genetic lesions. Using human genetics data and postmortem gene expression data, our approach can correctly identify the cell types for disorders of known cellular etiology, including narcolepsy and retinopathies. Applying this approach to autism, a disease where the cellular mechanism is unclear, indicates there may be multiple cellular routes to this disorder. Our approach may be useful for identifying common cellular mechanisms arising from distinct genetic lesions.
Preston M. Green Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, and Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63110.
Xiaoxiao
X
Xu
Alan B
AB
Wells
David R
DR
O'Brien
Arye
A
Nehorai
Joseph D
JD
Dougherty
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000235:genetics*