Auxin transport and activity regulate stomatal patterning and development.
Stomata are two-celled valves that control epidermal pores whose spacing optimizes shoot-atmosphere gas exchange. They develop from protodermal cells after unequal divisions followed by an equal division and differentiation. The concentration of the hormone auxin, a master plant developmental regulator, is tightly controlled in time and space, but its role, if any, in stomatal formation is obscure. Here dynamic changes of auxin activity during stomatal development are monitored using auxin input (DII-VENUS) and output (DR5:VENUS) markers by time-lapse imaging. A decrease in auxin levels in the smaller daughter cell after unequal division presages the acquisition of a guard mother cell fate whose equal division produces the two guard cells. Thus, stomatal patterning requires auxin pathway control of stem cell compartment size, as well as auxin depletion that triggers a developmental switch from unequal to equal division.
1] Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China [2] Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4.
Jie
J
Le
Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4.
Xu-Guang
XG
Liu
Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
Ke-Zhen
KZ
Yang
School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, China.
Xiao-Lan
XL
Chen
Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
Jun-Jie
JJ
Zou
Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
Hong-Zhe
HZ
Wang
Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
Ming
M
Wang
Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB & Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent B-9052, Belgium.
Steffen
S
Vanneste
Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0101, Japan.
Miyo
M
Morita
Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0101, Japan.
Masao
M
Tasaka
1] Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB & Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent B-9052, Belgium [2] The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
Zhao-Jun
ZJ
Ding
1] Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB & Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent B-9052, Belgium [2] Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria.
Jiří
J
Friml
Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB & Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent B-9052, Belgium.
Tom
T
Beeckman
Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4.
Fred
F
Sack
D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport; D019521:Body Patterning; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D009154:Mutation; D054046:Plant Stomata / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000648:ultrastructure
D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; C088087:GNOM protein, Arabidopsis; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; C449300:PIN3 protein, Arabidopsis; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins