Wharton's Jelly human mesenchymal stem cell contact guidance by noisy nanotopographies.
The development of biomaterials ensuring proper cell adhesion, polarization, migration and differentiation represents a true enabler for successful tissue-engineering applications. Surface nanostructuring was suggested as a promising method for improving cell-substrate interaction. Here, we study Wharton's Jelly human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (WJ-hMSC) interacting with nanogratings (NGs) having a controlled amount of nanotopographical noise (nTN). Our data demonstrate that unperturbed NGs induce cell polarization, alignment and migration along NG lines. The introduction of nTN dramatically modifies this behavior and leads to a marked loss of cell polarization and directional migration, even at low noise levels. High-resolution focal adhesions (FAs) imaging showed that this behavior is caused by the release of the geometrical vinculum imposed by the NGs to FA shaping and maturation. We argue that highly anisotropic nanopatterned scaffolds can be successfully exploited to drive stem cell migration in regenerative medicine protocols and discuss the impact of scaffold alterations or wear.
NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
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Jacchetti
1] NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy [2] Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
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Di Rienzo
1] NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy [2] Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
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Meucci
Immunohematology and Transplant Biology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Cisanello Hospital Via Paradiso 2, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
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Nocchi
NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
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Beltram
NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
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Cecchini
D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002450:Cell Communication; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism; D022001:Focal Adhesions / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D040542:Mechanotransduction, Cellular / Q000502:physiology*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D012825:Silicon / Q000737:chemistry; D059631:Wharton Jelly / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism
D012825:Silicon