Celiac disease and overweight in children: an update.
The clinical presentation of celiac disease in children is very variable and differs with age. The prevalence of atypical presentations of celiac disease has increased over the past 2 decades. Several studies in adults and children with celiac disease indicate that obesity/overweight at disease onset is not unusual. In addition, there is a trend towards the development of overweight/obesity in celiac patients who strictly comply with a gluten-free diet. However, the pathogenesis and clinical implications of the coexistence of classic malabsorption (e.g., celiac disease) and overweight/obesity remain unclear. This review investigated the causes and main clinical factors associated with overweight/obesity at the diagnosis of celiac disease and clarified whether gluten withdrawal affects the current trends of the nutritional status of celiac disease patients.
Gastroenterology-Hepatology and Nutrition Unit, "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, Rome 00165, Italy. antonella.diamanti@opbg.net.
Antonella
A
Diamanti
Gastroenterology-Hepatology and Nutrition Unit, "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, Rome 00165, Italy. teresa.capriati@gmail.com.
Teresa
T
Capriati
Gastroenterology-Hepatology and Nutrition Unit, "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, Rome 00165, Italy. msole.basso@opbg.net.
Maria Sole
MS
Basso
Gastroenterology-Hepatology and Nutrition Unit, "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, Rome 00165, Italy. fabio.panetta@opbg.net.
Fabio
F
Panetta
Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, Rome 00165, Italy. vmaria.diciommo@opbg.net.
Vincenzo Maria
VM
Di Ciommo Laurora
Gastroenterology-Hepatology and Nutrition Unit, "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, Rome 00165, Italy. francesca.bellucci@opbg.net.
Francesca
F
Bellucci
Gastroenterology Unit, Pediatric Clinic of University, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, Bari 70124, Italy. fernandacristofori@gmail.com.
Fernanda
F
Cristofori
Gastroenterology Unit, Pediatric Clinic of University, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, Bari 70124, Italy. rfrancavilla@gmail.com.
Ruggiero
R
Francavilla
D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D055050:Diet, Gluten-Free; D005983:Glutens / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D009752:Nutritional Status; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D050177:Overweight / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
D005983:Glutens