Rapid microwave assisted synthesis of graphene nanosheets/polyethyleneimine/gold nanoparticle composite and its application to the selective electrochemical determination of dopamine.
In this study, a simple and fast microwave assisted chemical reduction method for the preparation of graphene nanosheet/polyethyleneimine/gold nanoparticle (GNS/PEI/AuNP) composite was developed. PEI, a cationic polymer, was used both as a non-covalent functionalizing agent for the graphene oxide nanosheets (GONSs) through electrostatic interactions in the aqueous medium and also as a stabilizing agent for the formation of AuNPs on PEI wrapped GNSs. This preparation method involves a simple mixing step followed by a simultaneous microwave assisted chemical reduction of the GONSs and gold ions. The prepared composite exhibits the dispersion of high density AuNPs which were densely decorated on the large surface area of the PEI wrapped GNS. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and thermo-gravimetric analysis, were used to characterize the properties of the resultant composite. The prepared GNS/PEI/AuNP composite film exhibited excellent electrocatalytical activity towards the selective determination of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid, which showed potential application in electrochemical sensors. The applicability of the presented sensor was also demonstrated for the determination of dopamine in human urine samples.
Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan; Department of Business Administration, Asia University, Wu-Fong, Taichung City 413, Taiwan.
Vinoth Kumar
VK
Ponnusamy
Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei City 106, Taiwan.
Veerappan
V
Mani
Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei City 106, Taiwan.
Shen-Ming
SM
Chen
Department of Business Administration, Asia University, Wu-Fong, Taichung City 413, Taiwan.
Wan-Tran
WT
Huang
Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan. Electronic address: jfjen@dragon.nchu.edu.tw.
Jen-Fon
JF
Jen
D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods; D004298:Dopamine / Q000652:urine*; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008872:Microwaves; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D011094:Polyethyleneimine / Q000737:chemistry*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
D006046:Gold; D006108:Graphite; D011094:Polyethyleneimine; D004298:Dopamine
Dopamine; Electrocatalysis; Gold nanoparticles; Graphene nanosheets; Human urine samples; Microwave assisted synthesis; Polyethyleneimine