Methadone patient-controlled analgesia for postoperative pain: a randomized, controlled, double-blind study.
OBJECTIVE
Postoperative pain is an important health-care issue. Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is considered the gold standard for systemic postoperative pain treatment. Methadone PCA is used for patients with chronic pain and those in the palliative care setting. However, its efficacy as a first-line drug for acute postoperative pain is unknown. This study evaluated the use of postoperative methadone PCA after total hip arthroplasty (THA) compared with morphine PCA.


METHODS
This was a randomized, double-blind, controlled, parallel-group study. Patients were randomized into two groups: group methadone--methadone PCA, and group morphine--morphine PCA, for postoperative analgesia. Drugs were delivered through PCA pumps throughout the first 24 h after surgery (T1:6, T2:12, T3:18, T4:24 h).


RESULTS
Opioid consumption in 24 h was significantly lower for group methadone than for group morphine. Group methadone patients experienced significantly less pain than group morphine at rest. Pain after movement was significantly lower in group methadone at T1 and T3 and marginally lower at T2 and T4. Adverse events more frequently reported were sleepiness, nausea, and vomiting, but no statistical difference between groups was found.


CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrated that methadone PCA prompted less opioid consumption and lower pain scores at rest and at motion in comparison with morphine PCA as postoperative analgesia after THA.
Institute of Cancer, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
José Osvaldo Barbosa
JO
Neto
Maria Deneb Tavares
MD
Machado
Marta
M
de Almeida Correa
Hamilton Alves
HA
Scomparim
Irimar Paula
IP
Posso
Hazem Adel
HA
Ashmawi
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016058:Analgesia, Patient-Controlled / Q000379:methods*; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / Q000379:methods; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008691:Methadone / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*
D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D009020:Morphine; D008691:Methadone