Profile of food and nutrient intake among Indonesian elderly population and factors associated with energy intake: a multi-centre study.
OBJECTIVE
to obtain profile of food and nutrient intake in Indonesian elderly population and factors associated with energy intake.


METHODS
multi-center cross sectional study in 13 hospitals across Indonesia was conducted among 387 elderly who had attended geriatric clinics. Data collected including demographic characteristics, functional status, cognitive status, mental status, nutritional status, food intake, present activities, and data on chronic diseases. Chi square and logistic regression tests were performed to analyze the data.


RESULTS
most of subjects (58.4%) were women and had educational background senior high school or higher degree (61.1%). The average of energy intake was 1266.74 (336.51) kilocalories. Calcium and protein intake were below the recommended of dietary allowance. female sex (OR 0.23; 95% CI 0.139-0.390) and osteoporotic subjects (OR 0.48; 95% CI 0.25-0.93) have lower risk for having <80% RDA daily energy intake, while lower educational level (OR 1.96; 95% CI 1.21-3.18) has higher risk for having <80% RDA daily energy intake.


CONCLUSIONS
total energy intake were inadequate in the elderly. Female sex and osteoporotic subjects have lower risk for having <80% RDA daily energy intake, while lower educational level has higher risk for having <80% RDA daily energy intake.
Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Siti
S
Setiati
Kuntjoro
K
Harimurti
Esthika
E
Dewiasty
Rahmi
R
Istanti
Yudho M
YM
Mupangati
Dwi
D
Ngestiningsih
Yosef
Y
Purwoko
Igp Suka
IS
Aryana
Ra Tuty
RT
Kuswardhani
I Dewa Putu
ID
Pramantara
Muhamad
M
Apandi
Lazuardhi
L
Dwipa
Fatichati
F
Budiningsih
Rose
R
Dinda
Novira
N
Widajanti
Pirma
P
Siburian
Sri
S
Sunarti
Syamsu
S
Umar
Edward
E
Jim
Junaidi-Ar
D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires