Diet, inflammation and prediabetes-impact of quality of diet.
Low grade inflammation has been linked to risk of type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic vascular diseases. Obesity and, in particular, abdominal obesity increase the risk of diabetes and atherosclerotic vascular diseases. One of the mechanisms could be low grade inflammation and vascular endothelial dysfunction. Permanent weight reduction is the first line of treatment both for obese individuals at increased risk of diabetes and for newly onset type 2 diabetes. Weight reduction lowers the level of several inflammatory factors in the body while increasing the level of adiponectin. Besides weight reduction the quality of diet and physical activity also modifies low grade inflammation. Based on the literature survey and our own studies in humans, it is possible to have dietary patterns that reduce inflammatory stress in the body and improves vascular endothelial dysfunction. There is strong evidence to suggest that IL-1 Ra is a very sensitive marker of low grade inflammation in obesity and related phenotypes; however, its level is markedly lowered by weight reduction and by choosing foods that have been shown to reduce inflammatory stress in the body.
Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, and Research Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland. Electronic address: matti.uusitupa@uef.fi.
Matti
M
Uusitupa
Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, and Institute of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
Ursula
U
Schwab
D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009753:Nutritive Value; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000097:blood; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015431:Weight Loss
D004041:Dietary Fats; D007375:Interleukin-1; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; C051321:SERPINE1 protein, human
IL-1Ra; diabetes; diabète; diet; inflammation; prediabetes; prevention; prédiabète; prévention; régime