Metabolic activity of the spleen and bone marrow in patients with acute myocardial infarction evaluated by 18f-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomograpic imaging.
BACKGROUND
Atherosclerosis is considered to be an inflammatory disease associated with the activation of hematopoietic and immune-related organs such as the bone marrow (BM) and spleen. We evaluated the metabolic activity of those organs and of the carotid artery with (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in patients with coronary artery disease, including acute myocardial infarction.


RESULTS
Whole-body combined (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography was performed in 32 patients with acute myocardial infarction, 33 patients with chronic stable angina, and 25 control subjects. The mean standard uptake value was calculated in the regions of interest in the spleen and the BM of lumbar vertebrae. The target-to-background ratio of the standard uptake values of the carotid artery and jugular vein was also calculated. In patients with acute myocardial infarction, the standard uptake values of the BM (1.67±0.16) and spleen (2.57±0.39), as well as the target-to-background ratio of the carotid artery (2.13±0.42), were significantly higher than the corresponding values of patients with angina (1.22±0.62; 2.03±0.35; 1.36±0.37; all P<0.001) and controls (0.80±0.44; 1.54±0.26; 1.22±0.22; all P<0.001), independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. In all groups combined, the target-to-background ratio of the carotid artery was significantly associated with the standard uptake values of the BM (r=0.535; P<0.001), spleen (r=0.663; P<0.001), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (r=0.465; P<0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
The metabolic activity of the BM and spleen, as well as of the carotid artery, was highest in patients with acute myocardial infarction, intermediate in patients with angina, and lowest in control subjects. The activation of the BM and spleen was significantly associated with inflammatory activity of the carotid artery.
From the Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (E.J.K., H.S.S., D.O.K.) and Department of Nuclear Medicine (S.K.), Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Eung Ju
EJ
Kim
From the Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (E.J.K., H.S.S., D.O.K.) and Department of Nuclear Medicine (S.K.), Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Sungeun
S
Kim
From the Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (E.J.K., H.S.S., D.O.K.) and Department of Nuclear Medicine (S.K.), Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Dong Oh
DO
Kang
From the Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (E.J.K., H.S.S., D.O.K.) and Department of Nuclear Medicine (S.K.), Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. mdhsseo@unitel.co.kr.
Hong Seog
HS
Seo
D000208:Acute Disease; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D064847:Multimodal Imaging / Q000379:methods; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D013154:Spleen / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D051598:Whole Body Imaging / Q000379:methods
D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
bone marrow; coronary artery disease; positron-emission tomography; spleen