Fixed low-dose ultrasound-assisted catheter-directed thrombolysis followed by routine stenting of residual stenosis for acute ilio-femoral deep-vein thrombosis.
Patients with ilio-femoral deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) are at high risk of developing the post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS). In comparison to anticoagulation therapy alone, extended venography-guided catheter-directed thrombolysis without routine stenting of venous stenosis in patients with ilio-femoral DVT is associated with an increased risk of bleeding and a moderate reduction of PTS. We performed a prospective single-centre study to investigate safety, patency and incidence of PTS in patients with acute ilio-femoral DVT treated with fixed-dose ultrasound-assisted catheter-directed thrombolysis (USAT; 20 mg rt-PA during 15 hours) followed by routing stenting of venous stenosis, defined as residual luminal narrowing >50%, absent antegrade flow, or presence of collateral flow at the site of suspected stenosis. A total of 87 patients (age 46 ± 21 years, 60% women) were included. At 15 hours, thrombolysis success ≥50% was achieved in 67 (77%) patients. Venous stenting (mean 1.9 ± 1.3 stents) was performed in 70 (80%) patients, with the common iliac vein as the most frequent stenting site (83%). One major (1%; 95% CI, 0-6%) and 6 minor bleedings (7%; 95%CI, 3-14%) occurred. Primary and secondary patency rates at 1 year were 87% (95% CI, 74-94%) and 96% (95% CI, 88-99%), respectively. At three months, 88% (95% CI, 78-94%) of patients were free from PTS according to the Villalta scale, with a similar rate at one year (94%, 95% CI, 81-99%). In conclusion, a fixed-dose USAT regimen followed by routine stenting of underlying venous stenosis in patients with ilio-femoral DVT was associated with a low bleeding rate, high patency rates, and a low incidence of PTS.
Rolf P
RP
Engelberger
Jennifer
J
Fahrni
Torsten
T
Willenberg
Frederic
F
Baumann
David
D
Spirk
Nicolas
N
Diehm
Dai-Do
DD
Do
Iris
I
Baumgartner
Prof. Dr. Nils Kucher, Director Venous Thromboembolism Research Group, Clinics for Angiology and Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland, Tel.: +41 31 632 54 39, Fax: +41 31 632 43 80, E-mail: nils.kucher@insel.ch.
Nils
N
Kucher
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002406:Catheterization, Peripheral; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D005260:Female; D005268:Femoral Vein / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007084:Iliac Vein / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D054070:Postthrombotic Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015607:Stents; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014463:Ultrasonography; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D055815:Young Adult
D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator
Haemorrhage; mechanical thrombolysis; post-thrombotic syndrome; vascular patency; venous thrombosis