3-D based minimally invasive one-stage lateral sinus elevation - a prospective randomized clinical pilot study with blinded assessment of postoperative visible facial soft tissue volume changes.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this prospective and randomized clinical study was to assess differences in patient morbidity between minimally invasive lateral sinus elevation (study group, n = 14) and conventional one-stage lateral sinus elevation (control group, n = 12). It was hypothesized that trauma to soft tissue was reduced in the study group.


METHODS
Optical 3-D imaging was assessed blinded on days 1 and 7 after surgery to determine the visible soft tissue swelling of the upper lip and cheeks. Postoperative pain and discomfort were evaluated by a visual analogue scale (VAS; scale 0-10).


RESULTS
Immediately and on day 1 after surgery, the study group patients rated pain and discomfort as 2.4 [SD 1.7] and 3.1 [SD 2.1], respectively, on the VAS; while, the controls rated 4 [SD 1.6] and 5.6 [SD 1.7], respectively. The mean facial soft tissue volume change, assessed on day 1 after surgery, was 5.0 cm(3) [range: 0.2-9.2] for the study group and 15.5 cm(3) (9.3-21.55) for the controls (p = 0.00).


CONCLUSIONS
Despite the small number of patients in this prospective study, 3-D based minimally invasive one-stage lateral sinus elevation resulted in favourable patient morbidity with less postoperative visible facial soft tissue volume changes.
Department of Oral, Maxillary and Plastic Facial Surgery and Interdisciplinary Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology (Head: Prof. Dr. Dr. J.E. Zöller), University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, G-50937 Cologne, Germany. Electronic address: Dr.A.Nickenig@t-online.de.
Hans-Joachim
HJ
Nickenig
Department of Prosthodontics (Head: Prof. Dr. M. Wichmann), University Hospital Erlangen, Glückstr. 11, G-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
Manfred
M
Wichmann
Department of Oral, Maxillary and Plastic Facial Surgery and Interdisciplinary Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology (Head: Prof. Dr. Dr. J.E. Zöller), University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, G-50937 Cologne, Germany.
Joachim E
JE
Zöller
Department of Prosthodontics (Head: Prof. Dr. M. Wichmann), University Hospital Erlangen, Glückstr. 11, G-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
Stephan
S
Eitner
D000328:Adult; D002610:Cheek / Q000473:pathology*; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D004487:Edema / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008047:Lip Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008437:Maxilla / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D061848:Optical Imaging / Q000379:methods; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D059745:Piezosurgery / Q000379:methods; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D059546:Sinus Floor Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D014584:User-Computer Interface
Minimally invasive implant dentistry; Optical 3D imaging; Patient centred outcome; Patient morbidity; Postoperative oedema; Sinus floor elevation