Is there a role for the incretin system in blood pressure regulation?
Incretin-based therapies are now well established for diabetes management and are among the frontline agents for control of hyperglycemia. In addition to their antihyperglycemic effects, evidence is emerging on the role of these agents on blood pressure regulation, cardioprotective and renoprotective properties. Because of the pleiotropic nature of these affects, these agents could offer significant benefits with regards to the cardiorenal metabolic complications that are part of the diabetes and obesity epidemic in the United States and worldwide. We review the various known mechanisms or pathways by which incretin based therapy exerts its regulation of blood pressure with emphasis on novel mechanisms such as inflammation/immunomodulation and oxidative stress.
Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine, 5 Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.
Akhilesh
A
Rao
Ravi
R
Nistala
D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077270:Exenatide; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000819:agonists; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D054795:Incretins / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010455:Peptides / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011719:Pyrazines / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000187:drug effects; D000068900:Sitagliptin Phosphate; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D014230:Triazoles / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014688:Venoms / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use
D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors; D054795:Incretins; D010455:Peptides; D011719:Pyrazines; D014230:Triazoles; D014688:Venoms; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D000077270:Exenatide; D000068900:Sitagliptin Phosphate