Molecular identification of adenoviruses associated with respiratory infection in Egypt from 2003 to 2010.
BACKGROUND
Human adenoviruses of species B, C, and E (HAdV-B, -C, -E) are frequent causative agents of acute respiratory infections worldwide. As part of a surveillance program aimed at identifying the etiology of influenza-like illness (ILI) in Egypt, we characterized 105 adenovirus isolates from clinical samples collected between 2003 and 2010.


METHODS
Identification of the isolates as HAdV was accomplished by an immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and confirmed by a set of species and type specific polymerase chain reactions (PCR).


RESULTS
Of the 105 isolates, 42% were identified as belonging to HAdV-B, 60% as HAdV-C, and 1% as HAdV-E. We identified a total of six co-infections by PCR, of which five were HAdV-B/HAdV-C co-infections, and one was a co-infection of two HAdV-C types: HAdV-5/HAdV-6. Molecular typing by PCR enabled the identification of eight genotypes of human adenoviruses; HAdV-3 (n = 22), HAdV-7 (n = 14), HAdV-11 (n = 8), HAdV-1 (n = 22), HAdV-2 (20), HAdV-5 (n = 15), HAdV-6 (n = 3) and HAdV-4 (n = 1). The most abundant species in the characterized collection of isolates was HAdV-C, which is concordant with existing data for worldwide epidemiology of HAdV respiratory infections.


CONCLUSIONS
We identified three species, HAdV-B, -C and -E, among patients with ILI over the course of 7 years in Egypt, with at least eight diverse types circulating.
Pola N
PN
Demian
Katherine C
KC
Horton
Adriana
A
Kajon
Rania
R
Siam
Amel Mohamed Nageib
AM
Hasanin
Amany
A
Elgohary Sheta
Claire
C
Cornelius
U,S, Naval Medical Research Unit No, 3, Cairo, Egypt. annemgaynor@gmail.com.
Anne M
AM
Gaynor
D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000258:Adenovirus Infections, Human / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D000260:Adenoviruses, Human / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D060085:Coinfection; D004534:Egypt / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058889:Molecular Typing; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D055815:Young Adult