Radiotherapy induced xerostomia: mechanisms, diagnostics, prevention and treatment--evidence based up to 2013.
Definition and prevalence of xerostomia were shortly presented. Radiosensitivity of the salivary glands, mechanism, diagnostics, and possible prediction methods of the intensity of xerostomia in the pre-radiotherapy period are widely discussed. Prevention of xerostomia: salivary gland sparing radiotherapy, cytoprotective agents, preservation by stimulation with cholinergic muscarinic agonists, surgical transfer of submandibular glands according to ASCO Management Guidelines and Quality of Life Recommendations were cited. Oral Care Study Group (2010) therapeutic approaches for relieving xerostomia are referred. Current therapies, restricted to symptom relief such as oral hygiene with fluoride agents, antimicrobials to prevent dental caries, saliva substitutes to relieve symptoms, and sialogenic agents to stimulate saliva were also discussed.
Klinika Otolaryngologii i Onkologii Laryngologicznej, Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Karola Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu, Poland. Electronic address: jarek.kaluzny@gmail.com.
Jarosław
J
Kałużny
Klinika Otolaryngologii i Onkologii Laryngologicznej, Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Karola Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu, Poland.
Małgorzata
M
Wierzbicka
Klinika Otolaryngologii i Onkologii Laryngologicznej, Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Karola Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu, Poland.
Hanna
H
Nogala
Wielkopolskie Centrum Onkologii im. Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie, Oddział Radioterapii Onkologicznej I, Poznań, Poland.
Piotr
P
Milecki
Klinika Otolaryngologii i Onkologii Laryngologicznej, Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Karola Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu, Poland.
Tomasz
T
Kopeć
D006801:Humans; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012469:Salivary Glands / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D014987:Xerostomia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*
Diagnostics; Radiotherapy; Salivary glands; Treatment; Xerostomia; dagnostyka; gruczoły ślinowe; kserostmia; leczenie; radioterapia