Expression and clinical significance of estrogen-regulated long non-coding RNAs in estrogen receptor α-positive ovarian cancer progression.
Estrogen (E2) has long been implicated in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) progression. The effects of E2 on cancer progression can be mediated by numerous target genes, including coding RNAs and, more recently, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Among the ncRNAs, long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as new regulators in cancer progression; therefore, our aim was to determine whether the expression of any lncRNAs is regulated by E2 and, if so, whether a subset of these lncRNAs have some clinical significance in EOC progression. A microarray was performed to identify E2-regulated lncRNAs in E2 receptor (ER) α-positive EOC cells. Bioinformatics analyses of lncRNAs were conducted, focusing on gene ontology and pathway analyses. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions were performed to confirm the expression of certain lncRNAs in ERα-positive EOC tissues. The correlation between certain lncRNA expression and clinicopathological factors as well as prognosis in ERα-positive EOC patients was then analyzed. We showed that 115 lncRNAs exhibited significant changes in E2-treated SKOV3 cells compared with untreated controls. Most of these lncRNAs were predicated to have potential to contribute to cancer progression. Notably, three candidates (TC0100223, TC0101686 and TC0101441) were aberrantly expressed in ERα-positive compared to ERα-negative EOC tissues, showing correlations with some malignant cancer phenotypes such as advanced FIGO stage and/or high histological grade. Furthermore, multivariate analysis indicated that TC0101441 was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival. Taken together, these results indicate for the first time that E2 can modulate lncRNA expression in ERα-positive EOC cells and that certain lncRNAs are correlated with advanced cancer progression and suggestive of a prognostic indicator in ERα-positive EOC patients. Knowledge of these E2-regulated lncRNAs could aid in the future understanding of the estrogenic effect on EOC progression and may assist in the clinical design of new target therapies based on a perspective of lncRNA.
Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China.
Jun-Jun
JJ
Qiu
Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.
Le-Chi
LC
Ye
Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China.
Jing-Xin
JX
Ding
Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China.
Wei-Wei
WW
Feng
Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China.
Hong-Yan
HY
Jin
Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China.
Ying
Y
Zhang
Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China.
Qing
Q
Li
Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China.
Ke-Qin
KQ
Hua
D000077216:Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D019295:Computational Biology; D018450:Disease Progression; D004958:Estradiol / Q000378:metabolism; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D009375:Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D059467:Transcriptome
C506487:ESR1 protein, human; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; D004958:Estradiol