Gender differences in characteristics and outcomes of smokers diagnosed with psychosis participating in a smoking cessation intervention.
While research has identified gender differences in characteristics and outcomes of smokers in the general population, no studies have examined this among smokers with psychosis. This study aimed to explore gender differences among 298 smokers with psychosis (schizophrenia, schizoaffective and bipolar affective disorder) participating in a smoking intervention study. Results revealed a general lack of gender differences on a range of variables for smokers with psychosis including reasons for smoking/quitting, readiness and motivation to quit, use of nicotine replacement therapy, and smoking outcomes including point prevalence or continuous abstinence, and there were no significant predictors of smoking reduction status according to gender at any of the follow-up time-points. The current study did find that female smokers with psychosis were significantly more likely than males to report that they smoked to prevent weight gain. Furthermore, the females reported significantly more reasons for quitting smoking and were more likely to be driven by extrinsic motivators to quit such as immediate reinforcement and social influence, compared to the male smokers with psychosis. Clinical implications include specifically focussing on weight issues and enhancing intrinsic motivation to quit smoking for female smokers with psychosis; and strengthening reasons for quitting among males with psychosis.
Monash Alfred Psychiatry research centre (MAPrc), Central Clinical School, Monash University, The Alfred Hospital, Prahran, VIC 3181, Australia. Electronic address: sacha.filia@monash.edu.
Sacha L
SL
Filia
Priority Research Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
Amanda L
AL
Baker
Monash Alfred Psychiatry research centre (MAPrc), Central Clinical School, Monash University, The Alfred Hospital, Prahran, VIC 3181, Australia.
Caroline T
CT
Gurvich
School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
Robyn
R
Richmond
Priority Research Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
Terry J
TJ
Lewin
Monash Alfred Psychiatry research centre (MAPrc), Central Clinical School, Monash University, The Alfred Hospital, Prahran, VIC 3181, Australia.
Jayashri
J
Kulkarni
D000328:Adult; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000523:psychology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D015430:Weight Gain
Bipolar disorder; Nicotine replacement therapy; Quitting smoking; Reasons for quitting; Reasons for smoking; Schizophrenia; Smoking outcomes