[Measurement of hazardous chemical constituents and mutagenic activity in fillers and mainstream smoke from Neo Cedar].
OBJECTIVE
To determine constituents of fillers and mainstream smoke from Neo Cedar.


METHODS
Neo Cedar is a second-class over-the-counter (OTC) drug and similar to cigarettes in a number of ways. In particular, the design and usage are very similar to those of cigarettes. For the fillers of the drug, the levels of nicotine, tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNA), and heavy metals, and mutagenicity were determined using the methods for cigarette products. For the mainstream smoke, the levels of tar, nicotine, carbon monoxide (CO), TSNA, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), and carbonyl compounds were also determined using the methods for cigarettes. The mainstream smoke from the drug were collected with a smoking machine using two smoking protocols (ISO and Health Canada Intense methods).


RESULTS
The nicotine and total TSNA levels in the fillers of the drug averaged 2.86 mg/g and 185 ng/g, respectively. The nine species of heavy metals were also detected in the fillers of the drug. The levels of nicotine, tar, CO, TSNA, PAH, and carbonyl compounds of mainstream smoke from the drug were higher when determined using the HCI regime than when using the ISO regime. The mutagenicity of the mainstream smoke determined using the HCI regime was also higher than that determined using the ISO regime.


CONCLUSIONS
In this study, all constituents of Neo Cedar were determined by methods for cigarette products. The drug had a ventilation hole on its filter. Thus, its constituents are different from those determined by the smoking protocols. Neo Cedar users should be careful of higher exposure to the hazardous gases owing to smoking patterns.
Department of Environmental Health, National Institute of Public Health.
Yohei
Y
Inaba
Tadamichi
T
Ohkubo
Kazutoshi
K
Sugita
Shigehisa
S
Uchiyama
Hiromitsu
H
Ogata
Naoki
N
Kunugita
D009153:Mutagens / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D009538:Nicotine / Q000032:analysis*; D009602:Nitrosamines / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D012906:Smoke / Q000009:adverse effects; D012907:Smoking; D014026:Nicotiana
D009153:Mutagens; D009602:Nitrosamines; D012906:Smoke; D009538:Nicotine