Anti-KANNO: a novel alloantibody against a red cell antigen of high frequency.
We encountered a broadly reactive red cell alloantibody in 1991, reacting unlike any other known antibody, and named it anti-KANNO after the first patient. A total of 28 cases of anti-KANNO in the Japanese literature were reviewed. To distinguish KANNO from other antibodies against high-frequency antigens, including anti-JMH, anti-Ch/Rg, and anti-Jr(a), we conducted serologic studies with proteolytic enzyme and chemical treatments, complement sensitization against red cells, and serum neutralization techniques. Reactivity of anti-KANNO against red cells lacking high-frequency antigens and antisera to high-frequency antigens against KANNO cells were tested. Among the 28 patients, 26 were female, of whom 25 had a history of pregnancy. Red cells from patient KANNO were reactive with antisera against antigens of high frequency. Anti-KANNO reacted weakly with all cells known to lack high-frequency antigens. It reacted with 2-aminoethylisothiouronium bromide, so it can be distinguished from anti-JMH. Differences among anti-KANNO, anti-Ch/Rg, and anti-Jr(a) emerged with enzyme-treated cells, complement-sensitized cells, and the addition of normal serum. As yet, there are no reports of hemolytic transfusion reaction or hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn attributable to anti-KANNO. It appears that anti-KANNO is a newly characterized antibody more likely stimulated by pregnancy than by transfusion and with little or no clinical significance. Further surveillance and investigation of anti-KANNO, its antigen biochemistry, and its genetics are warranted.
Department of Blood Transfusion and Transplantation Immunology, Fukushima Medical University Hospital, Fukushima, Japan. Electronic address: kawabata@fmu.ac.jp.
Kinuyo
K
Kawabata
Blood Group Section, Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Tokyo, Japan.
Makoto
M
Uchikawa
Department of Blood Transfusion and Transplantation Immunology, Fukushima Medical University Hospital, Fukushima, Japan.
Hitoshi
H
Ohto
Department of Blood Transfusion and Transplantation Immunology, Fukushima Medical University Hospital, Fukushima, Japan.
Hiroyasu
H
Yasuda
Blood Group Section, Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Tokyo, Japan.
Hatsue
H
Tsuneyama
Department of Laboratory Testing, Japanese Red Cross Yamagata Blood Center, Yamagata, Japan.
Hideaki
H
Tsuchida
Department of Laboratory Testing, Japanese Red Cross Tohoku Block Blood Center, Miyagi, Japan.
Shoichi
S
Ito
D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000740:Anemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000628:therapy; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D001789:Blood Group Antigens / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D001787:Blood Group Incompatibility / Q000276:immunology; D001788:Blood Grouping and Crossmatching; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D004899:Erythroblastosis, Fetal / Q000276:immunology; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007518:Isoantibodies / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000601:surgery; D015477:Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010298:Parity; D011247:Pregnancy; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001789:Blood Group Antigens; D006023:Glycoproteins; D007518:Isoantibodies; C000592407:KANNO antigen, human