Isoflavones profiling of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] germplasms and their correlations with metabolic pathways.
The isoflavone diversity (44 varieties) of the soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, from China, Japan, and Korea was examined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The profiles of 12 isoflavones identified from the grains were subjected to data-mining processes, including partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), Pearson's correlation analysis, and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA). Although PLS-DA did not reveal significant differences among extracts of soybean from 3 countries, the results clearly show that the variation between varieties was low. The CS02554 variety was separate from the others in the first 2 principal components of PLS-DA. HCA of these phytochemicals resulted in clusters derived from closely related biochemical pathways. Daidzin, genistin, and glycitin contents were significantly correlated with their respective malonyl glycoside contents. Daidzein content correlated positively with genistein content (r=0.8189, P<0.0001). The CS02554 variety appears to be a good candidate for future breeding programs, as it contains high levels of isoflavone compounds. These results demonstrate the use of metabolite profiling combined with chemometrics as a tool for assessing the quality of food and identifying metabolic links in biological systems.
Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 406-772, Republic of Korea; Bio-Resource and Environmental Center, Incheon National University, Incheon 406-772, Republic of Korea.
Jae Kwang
JK
Kim
Department of Applied Life Science, College of Life and Environmental Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
Eun-Hye
EH
Kim
Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea.
Inmyoung
I
Park
Department of Applied Life Science, College of Life and Environmental Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
Bo-Ra
BR
Yu
Department of Herbal Medicine Resource, Kangwon National University, Samcheok 245-907, Republic of Korea.
Jung Dae
JD
Lim
Department of Medical Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 336-745, Republic of Korea.
Young-Sang
YS
Lee
Department of Applied Life Science, College of Life and Environmental Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
Joo-Hyun
JH
Lee
Department of Applied Life Science, College of Life and Environmental Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
Seung-Hyun
SH
Kim
Department of Applied Life Science, College of Life and Environmental Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: imcim@konkuk.ac.kr.
Ill-Min
IM
Chung
D002681:China; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D007564:Japan; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D055442:Metabolome; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
D007529:Isoflavones
Chemometrics; Correlation; Glycine max; Isoflavone; Partial least squares discriminant analysis; Soybean