Review of appendiceal onlay flap in the management of complex ureteric strictures in six patients.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate appendiceal onlay flap ureteroplasty for repairing complex right proximal and mid-ureteric strictures.


METHODS
Between August 2006 and August 2012 four women and two men (mean age 34.2 years) underwent right laparoscopic appendiceal onlay flap ureteroplasty. The mean stricture length was 2.5 cm. Stricture formation was secondary to impacted ureteric stones in three patients and failed pyeloplasty for congenital pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction in the remaining three. Each patient had ipsilateral flank pain before surgery.


RESULTS
The mean operating time, estimated blood loss and hospital stay were 244 min, 175 mL and 3.2 days, respectively. No intra- or peri-operative complications were noted. The objective success rate was 100% (all patients had radiographic and/or endoscopic resolution of their ureteric strictures). The subjective success rate was 66%, (two patients developed recurrent discomfort, which upon exploration was found to be attributable to fibrosis away from the appendiceal onlay graft, where the gonadal vessels crossed the ureter). Both patients with recurrent pain underwent laparoscopic ureterolysis and bladder advancement flap proximal to the appendiceal onlay, which markedly improved one patient's pain but the other patient continued to have discomfort, ultimately resulting in a laparoscopic nephroureterectomy.


CONCLUSIONS
Appendiceal onlay ureteroplasty is a viable treatment option for patients with complex right proximal and mid-ureteric strictures, while minimising the potential morbidity of appendiceal and ileal interposition.
Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
Brian D
BD
Duty
Jessica E
JE
Kreshover
Lee
L
Richstone
Louis R
LR
Kavoussi
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001065:Appendix / Q000637:transplantation*; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D008875:Middle Aged; D061646:Operative Time; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000098:blood supply*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014513:Ureter / Q000473:pathology*; D014515:Ureteral Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
appendix; pedicle flap; reconstruction; ureter; ureteric stricture