Biological activities of Zingiber officinale (Zingiberaceae) and Piper cubeba (Piperaceae) essential oils against pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis (Coleoptera: Bruchidae).
Zingiber officinale (Zingiberaceae) and Piper cubeba (Piperaceae) was essential oils were investigated for repellent, insecticidal, antiovipositional, egg hatching, persistence of its insecticidal activities against pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Essential oil vapours repelled bruchid adults significantly as oviposition was found reduced in choice oviposition assay. Z. officinale and P. cubeba essential oils caused both fumigant and contact toxicity in C. chinensis adults. In fumigation toxicity assay, median lethal concentrations (LC50) were 0.34 and 0.27 microL cm(-3) for Z. officinale and P. cubeba essential oils, respectively, while in contact toxicity assay, LC50 were 0.90 and 0.66 microL cm(-2) for Z. officinale and P. cubeba essential oils, respectively. These two essential oils reduced oviposition in C. chinensis adults when treated with sublethal concentrations by fumigation and contact method. Oviposition inhibition was more pronounced when adults come in contact than in vapours. Both essential oils significantly reduced egg hatching rate when fumigated. Persistence in insecticidal efficiency of both essential oils decreased with time. P. cubeba showed less persistence than Z. officinale essential oil because no mortality was observed in C. chinensis adults after 36 h of treatment with P. cubeba and after 48 h of treatment of Z. officinale essential oil. Fumigation with these essential oils has no effect on the germination of the cowpea seeds. Findings of the study suggest that Z. officinale and P. cubeba essential oils can be useful as promising agent in insect pest management programme.
Department of Zoology, Mahatma Gandhi Post Graduate College, Gorakhpur-273 001 (U.P), India.
Mukesh Kumar
MK
Chaubey
D000818:Animals; D001517:Coleoptera / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D005651:Fumigation; D018525:Germination / Q000187:drug effects; D020939:Zingiber officinale; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods; D007302:Insect Repellents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009812:Odorants; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010058:Oviposition / Q000187:drug effects; D008517:Phytotherapy; D031701:Piper; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D013997:Time Factors; D014835:Volatilization
D007302:Insect Repellents; D007306:Insecticides; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010938:Plant Oils