Ethnic and racial identity in adolescence: implications for psychosocial, academic, and health outcomes.
The construction of an ethnic or racial identity is considered an important developmental milestone for youth of color. This review summarizes research on links between ethnic and racial identity (ERI) with psychosocial, academic, and health risk outcomes among ethnic minority adolescents. With notable exceptions, aspects of ERI are generally associated with adaptive outcomes. ERI are generally beneficial for African American adolescents' adjustment across all three domains, whereas the evidence is somewhat mixed for Latino and American Indian youth. There is a dearth of research for academic and health risk outcomes among Asian American and Pacific Islander adolescents. The review concludes with suggestions for future research on ERI among minority youth.
Brown University.
Deborah
D
Rivas-Drake
Eleanor K
EK
Seaton
Carol
C
Markstrom
Stephen
S
Quintana
Moin
M
Syed
Richard M
RM
Lee
Seth J
SJ
Schwartz
Adriana J
AJ
Umaña-Taylor
Sabine
S
French
Tiffany
T
Yip
D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000208:ethnology*; D001741:Black or African American / Q000208:ethnology*; D001213:Asian / Q000208:ethnology*; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000208:ethnology*; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American / Q000208:ethnology*; D012933:Social Identification