Comparing serum responses to acute feedings of an extensively hydrolyzed whey protein concentrate versus a native whey protein concentrate in rats: a metabolomics approach.
We examined how gavage feeding extensively hydrolyzed whey protein (WPH) versus a native whey protein concentrate (WPC) transiently affected serum biochemical profiles in rodents. Male Wistar rats (250-300 g) were 8 h fasted and subsequently fed isonitrogenous amounts of WPH or WPC, or remained unfed (control). Animals were sacrificed 15 min, 30 min, and 60 min post-gavage for serum extraction, and serum was analyzed using untargeted global metabolic profiling via gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (MS) and liquid chromatography/MS/MS platforms. We detected 333 serum metabolites amongst the experimental and control groups. Both WPH and WPC generally increased amino acids (1.2-2.8-fold), branched-chain amino acids (1.2-1.7-fold), and serum di- and oligo-peptides (1.1-2.7-fold) over the 60 min time course compared with control (q < 0.05). However, WPH increased lysine (false discovery rate using a q-value <0.05) and tended to increase isoleucine and valine 15 min post-feeding (q < 0.10) as well as aspartylleucine 30 min post-feeding compared with WPC (q < 0.05). While both protein sources led to a dramatic increase in free fatty acids compared with control (up to 6-fold increases, q < 0.05), WPH also uniquely resulted in a 30 min post-feeding elevation in free fatty acids compared with WPC (q < 0.05), an effect which may be due to the robust 30 min postprandial increase in epinephrine in the WPH cohort. These data provide a unique postprandial time-course perspective on how WPH versus WPC feedings affect circulating biochemicals and will guide future research comparing these 2 protein sources.
a Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, E102 Veterinary Medicine Building, 1600 East Rollins, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
Michael D
MD
Roberts
Clayton L
CL
Cruthirds
Christopher M
CM
Lockwood
Kirk
K
Pappan
Thomas E
TE
Childs
Joseph M
JM
Company
Jacob D
JD
Brown
Ryan G
RG
Toedebusch
Frank W
FW
Booth
D000596:Amino Acids / Q000097:blood*; D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008297:Male; D055432:Metabolomics; D010455:Peptides / Q000097:blood*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000067816:Whey Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
D000596:Amino Acids; D010455:Peptides; D000067816:Whey Proteins