The influence of a spatiotemporal 3D environment on endothelial cell differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells.
Current EC differentiation protocols are inefficient, and the phenotypes of the differentiated ECs are only briefly stable, which significantly inhibits their utility for basic science research. Here, a remarkably more efficient hiPSC-EC differentiation protocol that incorporates a three-dimensional (3D) fibrin scaffold is presented. With this protocol, up to 45% of the differentiated hiPSCs assumed an EC phenotype, and after purification, greater than 95% of the cells displayed the EC phenotype (based on CD31 expression). The hiPSC-ECs continued to display EC characteristics for 4 weeks in vitro. Gene and protein expression levels of CD31, CD144 and von Willebrand factor-8 (vWF-8) were significantly up-regulated in differentiated hiPSC-ECs. hiPSC-ECs also have biological function to up-take Dil-conjugated acetylated LDL (Dil-ac-LDL) and form tubular structures on Matrigel. Collectively, these data demonstrate that a 3D differentiation protocol can efficiently generate ECs from hiPSCs and, furthermore, the differentiated hiPSC-ECs are functional and can maintain EC fate up to 4 weeks in vitro.
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Sophia
S
Zhang
Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
James R
JR
Dutton
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Liping
L
Su
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Jianyi
J
Zhang
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. Electronic address: ylei@umn.edu.
Lei
L
Ye
D001483:Base Sequence; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D017931:DNA Primers; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D057026:Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
D017931:DNA Primers
Cell differentiation; Eddothelial cells; Human induced pluripotent stem cells; Scaffold