Safety of the Japanese K-car in a real-world low-severity frontal collision.
OBJECTIVE
Kei-cars (K-cars), which are a tiny 660 cc mini-car class 3.4 m long or less, 1.48 m wide or less, and 2.00 m high or less, have become popular in Japan. To evaluate the safety of K-car drivers in frontal collisions, we retrospectively compared the severity of injuries suffered by drivers between K-cars and standard vehicles involved in frontal collisions in which at least one injury occurred.


METHODS
From in-depth data provided by the Institute for Traffic Accident Research and Data Analysis from 1993 to 2010, records for 1379 drivers aged 36.8 ± 15.6 years were collected for analysis.


RESULTS
Of the 1379 drivers, 1115 subjects were in standard vehicles and 264 were in K-cars. The mean delta V of the struck vehicle was 28.6 ± 15.6 km/h. After classifying the subjects according to seat belt use and air bag deployment, the background of the drivers and delta V, the injury severity scores (ISSs) and Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) scores were compared for all body regions. Under similar conditions, no significant differences in severity of injuries of the drivers were found between K-cars and standard vehicles.


CONCLUSIONS
Although we are generally concerned that drivers of small vehicles suffer more severe injuries, our results suggest that, for real-world accidents, K-cars provide similar safety for drivers involved in frontal collisions as standard vehicles in low delta V impact conditions.
a Department of Legal Medicine , Shiga University School of Medicinal Science , Otsu , Shiga , Japan.
Masahito
M
Hitosugi
Yasuhiro
Y
Matsui
D015998:Abbreviated Injury Scale; D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017278:Air Bags / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001336:Automobiles / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012449:Safety; D012622:Seat Belts / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D055815:Young Adult
Kei-cars; driver; frontal collision; injury severity; small vehicles