The use of TriCalcium Phosphate (TCP) and stem cells for the regeneration of osteoperiosteal critical-size mandibular bony defects, an in vitro and preclinical study.
The investigation aims to assess the reconstruction of critical-size mandibular bone defects in rabbits using beta-Tricalcium Phosphate (β-TCP) scaffolding loaded with stem cells. A 20 mm-long mandibular osteoperiosteal continuity defect was created in 8 New Zealand rabbits and filled with β-TCP scaffolding. In 6 cases bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) harvested, and enriched, from the posterior iliac crest of the same rabbit were seeded into the scaffolding, while a scaffold was used alone in two cases chosen at random. Radiographic analysis was carried out immediately following surgery and 4, 8 and 12 weeks postoperatively. Cone Beam CT (CBCT) scanning, biomechanical testing and histology assessments were carried out on the explanted mandibles three months postoperatively. The radiography showed minimal new bone formation in all the cases, with significant amounts of undegraded scaffold material visible. Sporadic areas of bone formation were seen, these did not bridge the gap of the created surgical defect. The mechanical properties of the regenerated bone were of an inferior quality when compared with that of the contralateral non-operated side. The addition of BMSCs to the biodegradable β-TCP scaffold did not improve reconstruction of the created mandibular defect. Despite successful aspiration and culture of BMSCs, the survival of these cells in vivo was questionable.
Biotechnology and Craniofacial Sciences (BACS) Research Group, Glasgow Dental School, 378 Sauchiehall Street, Glasgow, G2 3JZ, United Kingdom.
Randa
R
Alfotawei
Biotechnology and Craniofacial Sciences (BACS) Research Group, Glasgow Dental School, 378 Sauchiehall Street, Glasgow, G2 3JZ, United Kingdom. Electronic address: kurt.naudi@dental.gla.ac.uk.
Kurt Busuttil
KB
Naudi
Biotechnology and Craniofacial Sciences (BACS) Research Group, Glasgow Dental School, 378 Sauchiehall Street, Glasgow, G2 3JZ, United Kingdom.
David
D
Lappin
Biotechnology and Craniofacial Sciences (BACS) Research Group, Glasgow Dental School, 378 Sauchiehall Street, Glasgow, G2 3JZ, United Kingdom.
Joseph
J
Barbenel
Biotechnology and Craniofacial Sciences (BACS) Research Group, Glasgow Dental School, 378 Sauchiehall Street, Glasgow, G2 3JZ, United Kingdom.
Lucy
L
Di Silvio
Biotechnology and Craniofacial Sciences (BACS) Research Group, Glasgow Dental School, 378 Sauchiehall Street, Glasgow, G2 3JZ, United Kingdom.
Keith
K
Hunter
Biotechnology and Craniofacial Sciences (BACS) Research Group, Glasgow Dental School, 378 Sauchiehall Street, Glasgow, G2 3JZ, United Kingdom.
Jeremy
J
McMahon
Biotechnology and Craniofacial Sciences (BACS) Research Group, Glasgow Dental School, 378 Sauchiehall Street, Glasgow, G2 3JZ, United Kingdom.
Ashraf
A
Ayoub
D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D048430:Cell Shape; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods; D003470:Culture Media; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D011817:Rabbits; D011897:Random Allocation; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013997:Time Factors; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D003470:Culture Media; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate
Critical-size bone defect; Histomorphometry; Mandible; Rabbit; Stem cells; Tricalcium phosphate scaffolding