Preoperative anxiety management, emergence delirium, and postoperative behavior.
Preoperative anxiolysis is important for children scheduled for surgery. The nature of the anxiety depends on several factors, including age, temperament, past hospitalizations, and socioeconomic and ethnic backgrounds. A panoply of interventions effect anxiolysis, including parental presence, distraction, and premedication, although no single strategy is effective for all ages. Emergence delirium (ED) occurs after the use of sevoflurane and desflurane in preschool-aged children in the recovery room. Symptoms usually last approximately 15 minutes and resolve spontaneously. The Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium scale is used to diagnose ED and evaluate therapeutic interventions for ED such as propofol and opioids.
Department of Anesthesiology (MC515), University of Illinois Medical Center, Children's Hospital University of Illinois, 1740 West Taylor Street, Suite 3200 West, Chicago, IL 60612-7239, USA.
Richard J
RJ
Banchs
Department of Anesthesia, Women and Children's Hospital of Buffalo, SUNY at Buffalo, 219 Bryant Street, Buffalo, NY 14222, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Strong Medical Center, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. Electronic address: jerrold.lerman@gmail.com.
Jerrold
J
Lerman
D000367:Age Factors; D000758:Anesthesia; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001007:Anxiety / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D001519:Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003693:Delirium / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D057234:Preoperative Period; D011595:Psychomotor Agitation / Q000523:psychology; D012737:Sex Factors
D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives
Anxiety; Children; Distraction; Emergence delirium; Parental presence; Pediatric; Premedication