Supplementation of oil-based inactivated H9N2 vaccine with M2e antigen enhances resistance against heterologous H9N2 avian influenza virus infection.
Avian influenza virus (AIV) subtype H9N2 has been evolving rapidly and vaccine escape variants have been reported to cause circulation of infections and economic losses. In the present study, we developed and evaluated ectodomain of the AIV matrix 2 (M2e) protein as a supplementing antigen for oil-based inactivated H9N2 vaccine to increase resistance against vaccine escape variants. AIV H9N2 M2e antigen was expressed in Escherichia coli and supplemented to inactivated H9N2 oil emulsion vaccine. Specific pathogen-free chickens received a single injection of inactivated H9N2 oil emulsion vaccines with or without M2e supplementation. At three weeks post vaccination, hemagglutination inhibition tests and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were performed to determine serological immune responses. Challenge study using a vaccine escape H9N2 variant was performed to evaluate the efficacy of M2e supplementation. M2e antigen supplemented in oil emulsion vaccine was highly immunogenic, and a single M2e-supplemented vaccination reduced challenge virus replication and shedding more effectively than non-supplemented vaccination.
Avian Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
Jae-Keun
JK
Park
Avian Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
Dong-Hun
DH
Lee
Molecular Vaccinology Laboratory, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul 151-919, Republic of Korea.
Chung Hwan
CH
Cho
Avian Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
Seong-Su
SS
Yuk
Avian Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
Erdene-Ochir
EO
To
Avian Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
Jung-Hoon
JH
Kwon
Avian Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
Jin-Yong
JY
Noh
Avian Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
Byoung-Yoon
BY
Kim
Avian Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
Soo-Won
SW
Choi
Molecular Vaccinology Laboratory, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul 151-919, Republic of Korea.
Byoung-Shik
BS
Shim
Molecular Vaccinology Laboratory, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul 151-919, Republic of Korea.
Man Ki
MK
Song
Avian Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
Joong-Bok
JB
Lee
Avian Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
Seung-Yong
SY
Park
Avian Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
In-Soo
IS
Choi
Avian Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: songcs@konkuk.ac.kr.
Chang-Seon
CS
Song
D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D002645:Chickens; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; D053127:Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*
D000956:Antigens, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated
Avian influenza; Chicken; H9N2; M2e; Vaccine