Endoscopic endonasal technique: treatment of paranasal and anterior skull base malignancies.
Technical and technological innovations have spearheaded the expansion of the indications for the use of endoscopic endonasal approaches to extirpate malignancies of the sinonasal tract and adjacent skull base.


OBJECTIVE
Critical review of the available literature regarding the use of endoscopic endonasal approaches including indications, limitations, surgical techniques, oncologic outcome, and quality of life.


METHODS
Various endoscopic endonasal techniques are reviewed according to the origin and local extension of sinonasal and skull base malignancies including anterior cranial base, nasopharynx, clivus, and infratemporal fossa. In addition, the available literature is reviewed to assess outcomes.


CONCLUSIONS
Endoscopic endonasal approaches are an integral part of the armamentarium for the treatment of the sinonasal tract malignancies and skull base. In properly selected cases, it affords similar oncologic outcomes with lower morbidity than traditional open approaches. Nonetheless, these minimal access approaches should be considered a complement to well-established open approaches, which are still necessary in most advanced tumors.
Universidade de Khon Kaen, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital Srinagarind, Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia, Khon Kaen, Tailândia.
Pornthep
P
Kasemsiri
The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Departamento de Cirurgia Neurológica, ColumbusOH, EUA.
Daniel Monte Serrat
DM
Prevedello
The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, ColumbusOH, EUA.
Bradley Alan
BA
Otto
The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, ColumbusOH, EUA.
Matthew
M
Old
The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Departamento de Cirurgia Neurológica, ColumbusOH, EUA.
Leo
L
Ditzel Filho
Ottawa University, Departamento de Cirurgia Neurológica, Ottawa, Canadá
Amin Bardai
AB
Kassam
The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, ColumbusOH, EUA.
Ricardo Luis
RL
Carrau
D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D010255:Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D019292:Skull Base Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*