Exhaled IL-8 in systemic lupus erythematosus with and without pulmonary fibrosis.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between the concentration of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) with the disease activity score and pulmonary function of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with and without pulmonary fibrosis. Thirty-four SLE patients and 31 healthy controls were enrolled and evaluated using high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), pulmonary function tests, systemic lupus activity measure (SLAM), assessing BALF and EBC. IL-8 levels in BALF and EBC samples were measured with an enzyme-immunosorbent assay kit. The mean (±SEM) IL-8 concentrations in BALF and EBC were higher in SLE patients compared to healthy controls (34.84 ± 95.0 vs. 7.65 ± 21.22 pg/ml, p < 0.001; 3.82 ± 0.52 pg/m vs. 1.7 ± 1.7 pg/ml, p < 0.001, respectively). SLE patients had increased percentage of neutrophils in BALF when compared with control group (1.00 ± 5.99 vs. 0.00 ± 0.56 %, p = 0.0003). Pulmonary fibrosis in HRCT was found in 50 % of SLE patients. The disease activity scored by SLAM was significantly higher and total lung capacity was significantly lower in SLE patients with pulmonary fibrosis (8.00 ± 3.17 vs. 6.00 ± 2.31, p = 0.01; 88.00 ± 28.29 vs. 112.00 ± 21.08 % predicted, p = 0.01, respectively). In SLE patients with pulmonary fibrosis, correlations were found between SLAM and IL-8 concentration in BALF, forced expiratory volume in 1 s and forced vital capacity (r = 0.65, p = 0.006; r = -0.53, p = 0.035; r = -0.67, p = 0.006, respectively). Our results indicate that IL-8 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of SLE. An increased concentration of IL-8 according to BALF could be considered as a useful biomarker of SLE activity and pulmonary fibrosis in SLE.
Department of General and Oncological Pneumology, Medical University of Lodz, Kopcińskiego 22, 90-153, Lodz, Poland.
Agnieszka
A
Nielepkowicz-Goździńska
Wojciech
W
Fendler
Ewa
E
Robak
Lilianna
L
Kulczycka-Siennicka
Paweł
P
Górski
Tadeusz
T
Pietras
Ewa
E
Brzeziańska
Adam
A
Antczak
D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D001944:Breath Tests; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000276:immunology; D018450:Disease Progression; D045853:Exhalation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011658:Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D013147:Spirometry; D055815:Young Adult
D015415:Biomarkers; D016209:Interleukin-8