PROTEIN DISULFIDE ISOMERASE LIKE 5-1 is a susceptibility factor to plant viruses.
Protein disulfide isomerases (PDIs) catalyze the correct folding of proteins and prevent the aggregation of unfolded or partially folded precursors. Whereas suppression of members of the PDI gene family can delay replication of several human and animal viruses (e.g., HIV), their role in interactions with plant viruses is largely unknown. Here, using a positional cloning strategy we identified variants of PROTEIN DISULFIDE ISOMERASE LIKE 5-1 (HvPDIL5-1) as the cause of naturally occurring resistance to multiple strains of Bymoviruses. The role of wild-type HvPDIL5-1 in conferring susceptibility was confirmed by targeting induced local lesions in genomes for induced mutant alleles, transgene-induced complementation, and allelism tests using different natural resistance alleles. The geographical distribution of natural genetic variants of HvPDIL5-1 revealed the origin of resistance conferring alleles in domesticated barley in Eastern Asia. Higher sequence diversity was correlated with areas with increased pathogen diversity suggesting adaptive selection for bymovirus resistance. HvPDIL5-1 homologs are highly conserved across species of the plant and animal kingdoms implying that orthologs of HvPDIL5-1 or other closely related members of the PDI gene family may be potential susceptibility factors to viruses in other eukaryotic species.
Genome Diversity, Department Genebank, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, D-06466 Gatersleben, Germany.
Ping
P
Yang
Thomas
T
Lüpken
Antje
A
Habekuss
Goetz
G
Hensel
Burkhard
B
Steuernagel
Benjamin
B
Kilian
Ruvini
R
Ariyadasa
Axel
A
Himmelbach
Jochen
J
Kumlehn
Uwe
U
Scholz
Frank
F
Ordon
Nils
N
Stein
D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D017343:Genes, Plant; D001467:Hordeum / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D019176:Potyviridae / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D019704:Protein Disulfide-Isomerases / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism*
D019704:Protein Disulfide-Isomerases
allele mining; chaperone; resistance breeding; soil-borne virus disease