Hitching a ride on vesicles: cauliflower mosaic virus movement protein trafficking in the endomembrane system.
The transport of a viral genome from cell to cell is enabled by movement proteins (MPs) targeting the cell periphery to mediate the gating of plasmodesmata. Given their essential role in the development of viral infection, understanding the regulation of MPs is of great importance. Here, we show that cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) MP contains three tyrosine-based sorting signals that interact with an Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) μA-adaptin subunit. Fluorophore-tagged MP is incorporated into vesicles labeled with the endocytic tracer N-(3-triethylammoniumpropyl)-4-(6-(4-(diethylamino)phenyl)hexatrienyl)pyridinium dibromide. The presence of at least one of the three endocytosis motifs is essential for internalization of the protein from the plasma membrane to early endosomes, for tubule formation, and for CaMV infection. In addition, we show that MP colocalizes in vesicles with the Rab GTPase AtRAB-F2b, which is resident in prevacuolar late endosomal compartments that deliver proteins to the vacuole for degradation. Altogether, these results demonstrate that CaMV MP traffics in the endocytic pathway and that virus viability depends on functional host endomembranes.
Istituto di Virologia Vegetale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 70126 Bari, Italy.
Anna Vittoria
AV
Carluccio
Stefania
S
Zicca
Livia
L
Stavolone
D033983:Adaptor Protein Complex mu Subunits / Q000378:metabolism; D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D029741:Brassica rapa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000821:virology; D020126:Brefeldin A / Q000494:pharmacology; D017796:Caulimovirus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D002451:Cell Compartmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D011992:Endosomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D053830:Plant Viral Movement Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D011523:Protoplasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000378:metabolism; D022161:Transport Vesicles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism; D020032:Tyrphostins / Q000494:pharmacology
D033983:Adaptor Protein Complex mu Subunits; D010940:Plant Proteins; D053830:Plant Viral Movement Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D020032:Tyrphostins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D020126:Brefeldin A; D014443:Tyrosine; C060641:tyrphostin A23