Advanced endoscopic imaging for surveillance for dysplasia and colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease: could the pathologist be further helped?
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of developing intestinal cancer. The magnitude of that increased risk as well as how best to mitigate it remain a topic of ongoing investigation in the field. It is important to quantify the risk of colorectal cancer in association with IBD. The reported risk varies widely between studies. This is partly due to the different methodologies used in the studies. Because of the limitations of surveillance strategies based on the detection of dysplasia, advanced endoscopic imaging and techniques involving the detection of alterations in mucosal antigens and genetic abnormalities are being investigated. Development of new biomarkers, predicting future occurrence of colonic neoplasia may lead to more biomarker-based surveillance. There are promising results that may lead to more efficient surveillance in IBD patients and more general acceptance of its use. A multidisciplinary approach, involving in particular endoscopists and pathologists, together with a centralized patient management, could help to optimize treatments and follow-up measures, both of which could help to reduce the IBD-associated cancer risk.
PhD Course in Surgical Biotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Palermo, via Trabucco 180, 90146 Palermo; Ospedale San Raffaele - Giglio, Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Cefalù, Italy.
Emanuele
E
Sinagra
Giovanni
G
Tomasello
Dario
D
Raimondo
Andreas
A
Sturm
Marco
M
Giunta
Marco
M
Messina
Giuseppe
G
Damiano
Vincenzo D
VD
Palumbo
Gabriele
G
Spinelli
Francesca
F
Rossi
Tiziana
T
Facella
Salvatore
S
Marasà
Mario
M
Cottone
Attilio I
AI
Lo Monte
D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D010348:Patient Care Team; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012307:Risk Factors