Analysis of an outbreak of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in college students in Xi'an, China.
The aim of the present study was to analyze an outbreak of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), caused by a Hantavirus, in college students in the northern urban area of Xi'an in 2012. The outbreak affected six students and included two deaths. The epidemiological survey revealed that both of the deceased cases were misdiagnosed initially, and treatment was delayed. Furthermore, a higher rodent population density and lower HFRS vaccine coverage were observed in the affected area, which indicates a possible role in the outbreak. Rattus norvegicus (Rn) and Mus musculus (Mm) were the predominant host populations in the area. Genotyping revealed that all HVs from patients and rodents were Hantaan virus (HTNV). Sequence analysis of the S segments revealed that the HTNVs reported in this study had high similarity with strains reported in 2011 and 1985, but these viruses diverged from a strain isolated in 1984 and the HTNV prototype strain 76-118. Detection of anti-HV IgG and amplification of the S segment of HTNV from a non-natural HTNV reservoir indicates that further investigations by increased rodent trapping are necessary.
Xi'an Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China. mark7447@tom.com.
Chaofeng
C
Ma
Xi'an Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China. william_wzg@126.com.
Zengguo
Z
Wang
Shaanxi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China. lishen12345@163.com.
Shen
S
Li
Xi'an Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China. tjxxyy@163.com.
Yuan
Y
Xing
Xi'an Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China. wur2003@163.com.
Rui
R
Wu
Shaanxi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China. weijingnwu@gmail.com.
Jing
J
Wei
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54600, Pakistan. muhammad.nawaz@uvas.edu.pk.
Muhammad
M
Nawaz
College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China. tianhuaiyu@gmail.com.
Huaiyu
H
Tian
College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China. bingxu@tsinghua.edu.cn.
Bing
B
Xu
Shaanxi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China. weijingnwu@gmail.com.
Jingjun
J
Wang
Shaanxi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China. sxcdcy@126.com.
Pengbo
P
Yu
D000818:Animals; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005260:Female; D006476:Orthohantavirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006480:Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017385:Sequence Homology; D013334:Students; D014505:Urban Population; D055815:Young Adult
D012367:RNA, Viral