Type 2 innate lymphoid cells drive CD4+ Th2 cell responses.
CD4(+) T cells have long been grouped into distinct helper subsets on the basis of their cytokine-secretion profile. In recent years, several subsets of innate lymphoid cell have been described as key producers of these same Th-associated cytokines. However, the functional relationship between Th cells and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) remains unclear. We show in this study that lineage-negative ST2(+)ICOS(+)CD45(+) type 2 ILCs and CD4(+) T cells can potently stimulate each other's function via distinct mechanisms. CD4(+) T cell provision of IL-2 stimulates type 2 cytokine production by type 2 ILCs. By contrast, type 2 ILCs modulate naive T cell activation in a cell contact-dependent manner, favoring Th2 while suppressing Th1 differentiation. Furthermore, a proportion of type 2 ILCs express MHC class II and can present peptide Ag in vitro. Importantly, cotransfer experiments show that type 2 ILCs also can boost CD4(+) T cell responses to Ag in vivo.
Institute of Immunology, Infection, and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom.
Ananda S
AS
Mirchandani
Anne-Gaelle
AG
Besnard
Edwin
E
Yip
Charlotte
C
Scott
Calum C
CC
Bain
Vuk
V
Cerovic
Robert J
RJ
Salmond
Foo Y
FY
Liew
D000818:Animals; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*
D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D016207:Cytokines; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II