Recent advances in Phytosterol Oxidation Products.
Phytosterols and their oxidation products have become increasingly investigated in recent years with respect to their roles in diet and nutrition. We present a comprehensive review of recent literature on Phytosterol Oxidation Products (POP) identifying critical areas for future investigation. It is evident that POP are formed on food storage/preparation; are absorbed and found in human serum; do not directly affect cholesterol absorption; have evidence of atherogenicity and inflammation; have distinct levels of cytotoxicity; are implicated with high levels of oxidative stress, glutathione depletion, mitochondrial dysfunction and elevated caspase activity.
School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Yvonne
Y
O'Callaghan
Department of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. Electronic address: f.mccarthy@ucc.ie.
Florence O
FO
McCarthy
School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Nora M
NM
O'Brien
D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D005502:Food; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
D010840:Phytosterols; D002784:Cholesterol; D020169:Caspases; D005978:Glutathione
Atherosclerosis; Campesterol; Cholesterol absorption; Dihydrobrassicasterol; Oxidative stress; Phytosterol Oxidation Products; Phytosterols; Stigmasterol; Toxicity; β-Sitosterol