Ureteroscopy: the first-line treatment for distally located ureteral stones smaller than 10 mm.
To compare the efficacy of different treatment strategies for distal ureteral stones smaller than 10 mm.



A total 127 patient were included in the study. Based on the treatment modality , patients were divided into three groups.Patients in group 1 only received conventional treatment including daily hydration of 2500 mL, ciprofloxacin, diclofenac sodium and a spasmolytic agent; group 2 patients received conventional treatment (daily hydration of 2500 mL, ciprofloxacin, diclofenac sodium and a spasmolytic agent) and tamsulosin 0.4 mg orally daily for 4 weeks; and group 3 patients underwent ureteroscopy. Patients were further subdivided into 2 categories based on maximum stone diameter: category A (less than 5 mm) and category B (5.0-9.9 mm). Following treatment, all groups were compared in terms of stone-free rate and time to expulsion.



Following treatment, the stone-free rates for groups 1, 2 and 3 were 48.7%, 59.5% and 95.6%, respectively (P < .0001).The mean expulsion times for groups 1, 2 and 3 were 15.3 ± 5.33, 15.1 ± 5.5 and 1.95 ± 2.2 days, respectively (P < .001). Compared to the other treatments, the stone-free rate and mean expulsion time in the ureteroscopy group were significantly increased and decreased, respectively.



There are several treatment options for distal ureteral stones. Based on our data,we conclude that ureterorenoscopy should be the standard of care for distal ureteral stones smaller than 10 mm.
Department of Urology; Koru Hospital; mkirac@gmail.com.
Mustafa
M
Kiraç
Department of Urology, University of Gazi, Ankara,Turkey.
Mehmet Sinan
MS
Atkin
Department of Urology, University of Gazi, Ankara,Turkey.
Hasan
H
Biri
Department of Urology, Koru Hospital.
Nuri
N
Deniz
D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010276:Parasympatholytics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077409:Tamsulosin; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014514:Ureteral Calculi / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D018666:Ureteroscopy; D064804:Urological Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D057832:Watchful Waiting; D055815:Young Adult
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D010276:Parasympatholytics; D013449:Sulfonamides; D064804:Urological Agents; D004008:Diclofenac; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D000077409:Tamsulosin