Family history of cancer and gastroesophageal disorders and risk of esophageal and gastric adenocarcinomas: a case-control study.
BACKGROUND
There is a paucity of data on familial risk of developing esophageal adenocarcinoma, gastric cardia adenocarcinoma and distal gastric adenocarcinoma from population-based studies.


METHODS
A population-based case-control study of newly diagnosed gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma was conducted in Los Angeles County. This analysis included data of case-patients whom we were able to interview directly (147 patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma, 182 with gastric cardia adenocarcinoma, and 285 with distal gastric adenocarcinoma) and 1,309 control participants. Multivariate polytomous logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the three cancer types.


RESULTS
Risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma was positively associated with a family history of prostate cancer (OR = 2.84; 95% CI = 1.50-5.36) and a family history of hiatal hernia (OR = 2.04; 95% CI = 1.12-3.71). Risk of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma was strongly associated with a family history of esophageal cancer (OR = 5.18; 95% CI = 1.23-21.79) and a family history of hiatal hernia (OR = 2.31; 95% CI = 1.37-3.91). Risk of distal gastric adenocarcinoma was positively associated with a family history of gastric cancer (OR = 2.15; 95% CI = 1.18-3.91), particularly early-onset (before age 50) gastric cancer (OR = 2.82; 95% CI = 1.11-7.15).


CONCLUSIONS
This study provides evidence that family history of hiatal hernia is a risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma and that cancer in specific sites is associated with risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma, gastric cardia adenocarcinoma, and distal gastric adenocarcinoma. It is important to determine the extent to which shared environmental and genetic factors explain these familial associations.
Xuejuan
X
Jiang
Chiu-Chen
CC
Tseng
Leslie
L
Bernstein
University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9175, USA. annawu@usc.edu.
Anna H
AH
Wu
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004777:Environment; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D040941:Heredity; D006551:Hernia, Hiatal / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D015141:Los Angeles / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010375:Pedigree; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D018426:SEER Program; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology