Articular cartilage lesions of the patellofemoral joint in dogs with naturally occurring cranial cruciate ligament disease.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate frequency, severity, and location of patellofemoral (PF) osteoarthritis (OA) in dogs with naturally occurring cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) disease.


METHODS
Cross-sectional observational study.


METHODS
Dogs (n = 40; stifles, 44).


METHODS
Stifle arthroscopic video recordings and radiographs were performed. Cartilage pathology was scored at 3 locations (proximal, middle, distal) in the trochlear groove and patella. A radiographic osteoarthrosis and synovial pathology score were assigned. A Kruskal-Wallis test was used to determine if lesion severity varied by site, synovitis, and osteoarthrosis, and the Dunn's test was used for pairwise comparisons. The variability of body weight was evaluated using 1 way ANOVA; P < .05 was considered significant.


RESULTS
Cartilage pathology and synovitis was identified in all PF joints. The proximal aspect of the trochlear groove had significantly higher cartilage scores than the middle and distal sites and the middle groove site was significantly higher than the distal site. The distal aspect of the patella had significantly greater scores than the middle and proximal patellar locations. Higher synovitis scores were associated with increased cartilage scores. Cartilage scores were significantly greater in stifles with higher radiographic osteophytosis, tibial sclerosis, and patellar enthesiophytosis scores. Higher body weights were significantly associated with greater synovial and radiographic scores.


CONCLUSIONS
Dogs with CCL disease have a high incidence of PF cartilage pathology and the severity of cartilage lesions varies depending on location within the joint.
Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Kimberly A
KA
Agnello
Ian G
IG
Holsworth
Ana Vanessa
AV
Caceres
Dorothy Cimino
DC
Brown
Jeffrey J
JJ
Runge
Michael
M
Schlicksup
Kei
K
Hayashi
D000818:Animals; D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000473:pathology*; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000473:pathology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D007592:Joint Diseases / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D013264:Stifle / Q000473:pathology*