The personal human oral microbiome obscures the effects of treatment on periodontal disease.
Periodontitis is a progressive disease of the periodontium with a complex, polymicrobial etiology. Recent Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) studies of the microbial diversity associated with periodontitis have revealed strong, community-level differences in bacterial assemblages associated with healthy or diseased periodontal sites. In this study, we used NGS approaches to characterize changes in periodontal pocket bacterial diversity after standard periodontal treatment. Despite consistent changes in the abundance of certain taxa in individuals whose condition improved with treatment, post-treatment samples retained the highest similarity to pre-treatment samples from the same individual. Deeper phylogenetic analysis of periodontal pathogen-containing genera Prevotella and Fusobacterium found both unexpected diversity and differential treatment response among species. Our results highlight how understanding interpersonal variability among microbiomes is necessary for determining how polymicrobial diseases respond to treatment and disturbance.
Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, United States of America.
Karen
K
Schwarzberg
Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, United States of America.
Rosalin
R
Le
Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, United States of America.
Balambal
B
Bharti
Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, United States of America.
Suzanne
S
Lindsay
CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy ; Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy.
Giorgio
G
Casaburi
CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy ; Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy.
Francesco
F
Salvatore
Section of Endodontics, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, Los Angeles, California, United States of America.
Mohamed H
MH
Saber
Section of Endodontics, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, Los Angeles, California, United States of America.
Faisal
F
Alonaizan
Professor of Dentistry and Microbiology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, Los Angeles, California, United States of America.
Jørgen
J
Slots
BioScience Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, United States of America.
Roberta A
RA
Gottlieb
Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America ; Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, United States of America.
J Gregory
JG
Caporaso
Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, United States of America.
Scott T
ST
Kelley
D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005673:Fusobacterium / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American; D064307:Microbiota / Q000235:genetics*; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000208:ethnology / Q000382:microbiology*; D010519:Periodontium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D018720:Prevotella / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents