Transanal endoscopic microsurgery.
Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEMS) is a well established method of accurate resection of specimens from the rectum under binocular vision. This review examines its role in the treatment of benign conditions of the rectum and the evidence to support its use and compliment existing endoscopic treatments. The evolution of TEMS in early rectal cancer and the concepts and outcomes of how it has been utilised to treat patients so far are presented. The bespoke nature of early rectal cancer treatment is changing the standard algorithms of rectal cancer care. The future of TEMS in the organ preserving treatment of early rectal cancer is discussed and how as clinicians we are able to select the correct patients for neoadjuvant or radical treatments accurately. The role of radiotherapy and outcomes from combination treatment using TEMS are presented with suggestions for areas of future research.
School of Cancer Studies, Academic Department of Surgery, Room 28, 4th Floor,Queen Elizabeth Hospital Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK. Electronic address: christophersmart@nhs.net.
Christopher J
CJ
Smart
Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Headington, England OX3 9DU, UK. Electronic address: chriscunningham@nhs.net.
Chris
C
Cunningham
School of Cancer Studies, Academic Department of Surgery, Room 28, 4th Floor,Queen Elizabeth Hospital Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK. Electronic address: s.p.bach@bham.ac.uk.
Simon P
SP
Bach
D001003:Anal Canal / Q000601:surgery*; D059186:Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System; D006801:Humans; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods*; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D059351:Organ Sparing Treatments; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
Chemoradiotherapy; Early rectal cancer; Rectal adenoma; Short course radiotherapy; TEM; TEMS; Transanal endoscopic microsurgery