Association between gray matter volume in the caudate nucleus and financial extravagance: findings from voxel-based morphometry.
Consumer behavior differs among individuals; one such common individual difference is financial extravagance. Recent research suggests that the activation of the caudate nucleus plays an important role in consumer behavior. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has investigated the specific relationship between the caudate nucleus and consumer financial extravagance. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the association between individual differences in financial extravagance and regional gray matter volume in the caudate nucleus by using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). We recruited 776 healthy, right-handed individuals (432 men and 344 women; mean age=20.7 ± 1.8) and used voxel-based morphometry and a financial extravagance questionnaire to determine the association between financial extravagance and gray matter structure in the caudate nucleus. Our measure of financial extravagance was based on the novelty seeking subscales of the Japanese version of the Temperament and Character Inventory. A multiple regression analysis including financial extravagance, age, sex, Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrix score, total intracranial volume, and novelty seeking subscales was conducted to examine what variables were related to regional gray matter volume in the region of interest within the caudate nucleus. A significant positive correlation was found between the obtained financial extravagance score and regional gray matter volume in the caudate nucleus. We found that structural variations in the caudate nucleus contributed to individual differences in financial extravagance. This finding may provide a new neuroscientific approach to understanding individual characteristics of consumers.
Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Kojimachi Business Center Building, 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan. Electronic address: ryoriichi@gmail.com.
Ryoichi
R
Yokoyama
Smart Ageing International Research Center, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
Takayuki
T
Nozawa
Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
Hikaru
H
Takeuchi
Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; Division of Medical Neuroimaging Analysis, Department of Community Medical Supports, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8573, Japan; Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
Yasuyuki
Y
Taki
Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; Division of Medical Neuroimaging Analysis, Department of Community Medical Supports, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8573, Japan.
Atsushi
A
Sekiguchi
Human and Social Response Research Division, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-4, Aoba, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
Rui
R
Nouchi
Smart Ageing International Research Center, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
Yuka
Y
Kotozaki
Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
Seishu
S
Nakagawa
Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; Graduate Schools for Law and Politics, The University of Tokyo, Hongo Bunkyo-ku 7-3-1, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
Carlos Makoto
CM
Miyauchi
Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.
Kunio
K
Iizuka
Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
Takamitsu
T
Shinada
Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
Yuki
Y
Yamamoto
Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
Sugiko
S
Hanawa
Smart Ageing International Research Center, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
Tsuyoshi
T
Araki
Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
Hiroshi
H
Hashizume
Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.
Keiko
K
Kunitoki
Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.
Mayu
M
Hanihara
Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
Yuko
Y
Sassa
Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; Smart Ageing International Research Center, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
Ryuta
R
Kawashima
D000328:Adult; D002421:Caudate Nucleus / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D002755:Choice Behavior; D005106:Exploratory Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D010555:Personality Inventory; D011594:Psychometrics; D012309:Risk-Taking; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013694:Temperament
Caudate nucleus; Financial extravagance; Gray matter structure; Voxel-based morphometry