Does propylthiouracil increase the gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rat?
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of subacute administration of propylthiouracil (PTU) on gentamicin (GM)-induced nephrotoxicity in male rats.


METHODS
Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 experimental groups as follow: (1) CONTROL GROUP: isotonic saline (1 ml/kg, IP. for 18 d), (2) GM group: 100 mg/kg, IP for 8 d, (3) PTU group: PTU (10 mg/kg, IP for 18 d.) and (4) PTU + GM group: GM (100 mg/kg, IP. for 8d) and PTU (10 mg/kg, IP. for 18 d). Blood sample was taken from all animals and then the animals were sacrificed under light ether anesthesia on the day after the last injection. Sera were separated and were used to measure the urea and creatinine. Microscopic evaluation of renal injury was performed using a semiquantitative scale to evaluate the degree of tubular necrosis.


RESULTS
GM markedly increased serum urea and creatinine, as well as acute tubular necrosis (ATN), glomerular atrophy, hyaline casts formation in tubular lumen, interstitial nephritis and infiltration of inflammatory cells. PTU administration alone caused hyperemia and interstitial nephritis and infiltration of lymphocytic inflammatory cells in cortex but it had no marked effect on glomerular and tubular morphology and function. Co-administration of PTU and GM potentiates the GM-induced nephrotoxicity characterized by diffuse ATN; diffuse hyaline cast formation in lumen and infiltration of inflammatory cell in kidney tissues.


CONCLUSIONS
Our data indicate that PTU potentiates GM-induced nephrotoxicity. The underlying mechanism(s) via which PTU potentiates GM renal toxicity remains to be elucidated.
Neuroscience Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Gholamreza
G
Sepehri
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
Amin
A
Derakhshanfar
aculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
Leila
L
Saburi
Gentamicin; Nephrotoxicity; Propylthiouracil; Rat