Genetic diversity of Leishmania donovani/infantum complex in China through microsatellite analysis.
The Leishmania strains from different epidemic areas in China were assessed for their genetic relationship. Twenty-nine strains of Leishmania infantum isolated from 1950 to 2001 were subjected to multilocus microsatellite typing (MLMT) using 14 highly polymorphic microsatellite markers. Twenty-two MLMT profiles were recognized among the 29 L. infantum strains, which differed from one another in 13 loci. Bayesian model-based and distance-based analysis of the data inferred two main populations in China. Sixteen strains belonged to one population, which also comprised previously characterized strains of L. infantum non-MON1 and Leishmania donovani. The parasites within this population are assignable to a distinct cluster that is clearly separable from the populations of L. donovani elsewhere, i.e. India, Sri Lanka and East Africa, and L. infantum non-MON1 from Europe. The remaining 13 Chinese strains grouped together with strains of L. infantum MON1 into another population, but formed a separate cluster which genetically differs from the populations of L. infantum MON1 from Europe, the Middle East, Central Asia and North Africa. The existence of distinct groups of L. infantum MON1 and non-MON1/L. donovani suggests that the extant parasites in China may have been restricted there, but not recently introduced from elsewhere.
Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.
Mohammad Zahangir
MZ
Alam
Department of Collaboration and Education, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Ryo
R
Nakao
Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Tatsuya
T
Sakurai
Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Hirotomo
H
Kato
National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Shanghai, PR China.
Jing-Qi
JQ
Qu
Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, PR China.
Jun-Jie
JJ
Chai
Department of Microbiology/Immunology, Chicago Medical School/RFUMS, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
Kwang Poo
KP
Chang
Institut für Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Gabriele
G
Schönian
Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan. Electronic address: kenkata@vetmed.hokudai.ac.jp.
Ken
K
Katakura
D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics*; D004285:Dogs; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D018314:Leishmania infantum / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000662:veterinary; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D011576:Psychodidae / Q000469:parasitology; D012377:Rodentia
D016054:DNA, Protozoan
China; Genetic diversity; Leishmania infantum; Microsatellite typing