Chronic inflammation and infection associate with a lower exercise training response in cystic fibrosis adolescents.
Considerable heterogeneity among training-induced effects is observed in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). We previously showed that longitudinal changes in exercise capacity in adolescents with CF were negatively associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) colonization and total immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels, independent of age, pulmonary function and bodyweight. This is the first study investigating whether chronic inflammation and infection also associate with the exercise training response in adolescents with CF. Participants performed a home-based exercise training program for 12 weeks. Pulmonary function, anthropometrics, exercise capacity, markers of inflammation and P. aeruginosa colonization status were measured at baseline. Exercise training-induced changes in pulmonary function and exercise capacity were compared between patients with a low and high inflammation-infection status. Participants with CF with high total IgG levels and P. aeruginosa colonization improved significantly less from the exercise training program, with regard to maximal oxygen consumption. These observations support the hypothesis that chronic systemic inflammation and infection leads to devastating effects on skeletal muscles, hampering skeletal muscle tissue to improve from regular physical exercise. Data further suggest that patients with CF should preferentially be encouraged to engage in regular physical exercise when inflammation and infection status is low (e.g. at a young age).
Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Centre for Molecular and Cellular Intervention, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Electronic address: p.b.vanleeuwen-5@umcutrecht.nl.
Pauline B
PB
van de Weert-van Leeuwen
Child Development & Exercise Centre, Cystic Fibrosis Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Hendrikus J
HJ
Hulzebos
Child Development & Exercise Centre, Cystic Fibrosis Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Maarten S
MS
Werkman
Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Sabine
S
Michel
Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Centre for Molecular and Cellular Intervention, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Lodewijk A W
LA
Vijftigschild
Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Centre for Molecular and Cellular Intervention, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Marit A
MA
van Meegen
Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Cornelis K
CK
van der Ent
Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Centre for Molecular and Cellular Intervention, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Jeffrey M
JM
Beekman
Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Hubertus G M
HG
Arets
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D017079:Exercise Tolerance / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000150:complications*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000302:isolation & purification
D007074:Immunoglobulin G
Cystic fibrosis; Exercise; Immunoglobulin; Inflammation; Oxygen consumption; Pseudomonas aeruginosa