Biomarkers of vascular function in premenopausal and recent postmenopausal women of similar age: effect of exercise training.
Menopause is associated with an accelerated decline in vascular function; however, whether this is an effect of age and/or menopause and how exercise training may affect this decline remains unclear. We examined a range of molecular measures related to vascular function in matched premenopausal and postmenopausal women before and after 12 wk of exercise training. Thirteen premenopausal and 10 recently postmenopausal [1.6 ± 0.3 (means ± SE) years after final menstrual period] women only separated by 3 yr (48 ± 1 vs. 51 ± 1 yr) were included. Before training, diastolic blood pressure, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), and skeletal muscle expression of thromboxane A synthase were higher in the postmenopausal women compared with the premenopausal women, all indicative of impaired vascular function. In both groups, exercise training lowered diastolic blood pressure, the levels of sICAM-1, soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), as well as plasma and skeletal muscle endothelin-1. The vasodilator prostacyclin tended (P = 0.061) to be higher in plasma with training in the postmenopausal women only. These findings demonstrate that already within the first years after menopause, several biomarkers of vascular function are adversely altered, indicating that these biomarker changes are more related to hormonal changes than aging. Exercise training appears to have a positive impact on vascular function, as indicated by a marked improvement in the biomarker profile, in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women.
Copenhagen Centre for Team Sports and Health, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Michael
M
Nyberg
Kaare
K
Seidelin
Thomas Rostgaard
TR
Andersen
Nickie Neumann
NN
Overby
Ylva
Y
Hellsten
Jens
J
Bangsbo
D015121:6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha / Q000097:blood; D050154:Adiposity; D000367:Age Factors; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000097:blood*; D017697:Premenopause / Q000097:blood*; D013930:Thromboxane-A Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood
D015415:Biomarkers; D019332:Endothelin-1; C573420:ICAM1 protein, human; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D015121:6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496511:PTGS1 protein, human; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; C022461:prostacyclin synthetase; D013930:Thromboxane-A Synthase
endothelin-1; estrogen; prostanoids; soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1