[Osseointegration and dental implants].
The concept of osseointegration was developed and the term was coined Dr. Brånemark. Osseointegration is initially defined as the direct structural and functional connection between living bone and surface living bone and the surface of a loadbearing artificial implant, typically made of titanium. Osseointegration required new bone formation around fixture, the healing of implant system is similar to primary bone healing. Bone formation on the titanium surface needs the formation of oxide film, deposition of calcium phosphate, and deposition of the protein. However, osseointegration is not the direct bonding between bone and the titanium surface, there exists an amorphous layer including osteopontin or osteocalcin that osteoblasts use them as a scaffold. In clinical the ratio of bone and implant contacts is called as BIC, and BIC was from 40% to 60% if the osseointegration was obtained. Numerous studies were performed for the surface modification to increase the score of BIC. Recently, surface treatments such as glow discharge, acid-etch, or UV irradiation have been found to be effective for osseointegration. Further modification would be needed to maintain the osseointegration as well as to obtain the osseointegration.
Division of Anatomy, Kyushu Dental University, Japan.
Tetsuya
T
Goto
D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D015921:Dental Implants; D006801:Humans; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D014025:Titanium / Q000378:metabolism
D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D015921:Dental Implants; C020243:calcium phosphate; D014025:Titanium