Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging: review of neurosurgical applications.
Recent research in brain imaging has highlighted the role of different neural networks in the resting state (ie, no task) in which the brain displays spontaneous low-frequency neuronal oscillations. These can be indirectly measured with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, and functional connectivity can be inferred as the spatiotemporal correlations of this signal. This technique has proliferated in recent years and has allowed the noninvasive investigation of large-scale, distributed functional networks. In this review, we give a brief overview of resting-state networks and examine the use of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging in neurosurgical contexts, specifically with respect to neurooncology, epilepsy surgery, and deep brain stimulation. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages compared with task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging, the limitations of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, and the emerging directions of this relatively new technology.
*Department of Neurosurgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; ‡Mind, Brain Imaging, and Neuroethics Unit, Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; §Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
Stefan
S
Lang
Niall
N
Duncan
Georg
G
Northoff
D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000502:physiology*; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology*; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis
D010100:Oxygen