Adhesive bonding of resin composite to various titanium surfaces using different metal conditioners and a surface modification system.
OBJECTIVE
This study evaluated the effect of three metal conditioners on the shear bond strength (SBS) of a prosthetic composite material to cpTi grade I having three surface treatments.


METHODS
One hundred sixty eight rivet-shaped specimens (8.0x2.0 mm) were cast and subjected to polishing (P) or sandblasting with either 50 mm (50SB) or 250 mm (250SB) Al2O3. The metal conditioners Metal Photo Primer (MPP), Cesead II Opaque Primer (OP), Targis Link (TL), and one surface modification system Siloc (S), were applied to the specimen surfaces, which were covered with four 1-mm thick layers of resin composite. The resin layers were exposed to curing light for 90 s separately. Seven specimens from each experimental group were stored in water at 37ºC for 24 h while the other 7 specimens were subjected to 5,000 thermal cycles consisting of water baths at 4ºC and 60ºC (n=7). All specimens were subjected to SBS test (0.5 mm/min) until failure occurred, and further 28 specimens were analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Data were analyzed by 3-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc Tukey's test (α=0.05).


RESULTS
On 50SB surfaces, OP groups showed higher SBS means than MPP (P<0.05), while no significant difference was found among OP, S, and TL groups. On 250SB surfaces, OP and TL groups exhibited higher SBS than MPP and S (P<0.05). No significant difference in SBS was found between OP and TL groups nor between MPP and S groups. The use of conditioners on 250SB surfaces resulted in higher SBS means than the use of the same products on 50SB surfaces (P<0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Sandblasting associated with the use of metal conditioners improves SBS of resin composites to cpTi.
Federal University of Paraná, Department of Restorative Dentistry, CuritibaPR, Brazil.
Hercules Jorge
HJ
Almilhatti
University of São Paulo, Bauru School of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, BauruSP, Brazil.
Karin Hermana
KH
Neppelenbroek
Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araraquara Dental School, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, AraraquaraSP, Brazil.
Carlos Eduardo
CE
Vergani
Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araraquara Dental School, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, AraraquaraSP, Brazil.
Ana Lúcia
AL
Machado
Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araraquara Dental School, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, AraraquaraSP, Brazil.
Ana Cláudia
AC
Pavarina
Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araraquara Dental School, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, AraraquaraSP, Brazil.
Eunice Teresinha
ET
Giampaolo
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry*; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D012016:Reference Values; D033081:Shear Strength / Q000187:drug effects*; D012821:Silanes / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
D003188:Composite Resins; D003722:Dental Alloys; D003738:Dental Cements; D008689:Methacrylates; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D012821:Silanes; C465121:Siloc; C100646:Metal Primer; C069749:methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate; D014025:Titanium; C030242:phosphoric acid