Post-transfusion hypertension and seizure in congenital hemolytic anemia: a case report and literature review.
A rare syndrome of hypertension, seizures and intracranial bleed has been reported among patients with congenital hemolytic anemia who underwent multiple blood transfusions. We report this syndrome in a 12-year-old Malay girl with hemoglobin E-beta-thalassemia, who underwent intensive transfusion and subsequently had headache, visual loss, severe hypertension and seizures. A comprehensive literature review revealed 30 patients with this syndrome, of whom 15 had intracranial bleed and 12 among these 15 died. A less-intensive transfusion regimen among patients with chronic hemolytic anemia and prompt detection and management of hypertension may prevent this potentially fatal syndrome.
Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Johor Bahru, 80100 Johor, Malaysia ngim.chin.fang@monash.edu.
Chin Fang
CF
Ngim
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sultanah Aminah Hospital, Johor Bahru, 80100 Johor, Malaysia.
Chen Siew
CS
Ng
Paediatrics and Child Health Research Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Malaya Medical Centre, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Nai Ming
NM
Lai
D000745:Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006261:Headache / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology*; D035583:Rare Diseases; D012640:Seizures / Q000209:etiology*; D013577:Syndrome; D013789:Thalassemia / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D065227:Transfusion Reaction
hemolytic anemia; hypertension; intracranial bleed; seizures; transfusion