Malnutrition and clinical outcome in gynecologic patients.
OBJECTIVE
An association between malnutrition and poor patient outcome has been established in various medical fields, but there is a general lack of data on the prevalence of malnutrition among gynecologic patients. Therefore an assessment of malnutrition is needed to detect malnourished patients in gynecology and initiate nutritional therapy if needed.


METHODS
Between 2011 and 2012 at our Gynecologic Department of a German University Hospital, 397 patients were evaluated regarding the risk of malnutrition and occurrence of complications during the time of hospitalization. The Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS) 2002 system was used to estimate the risk level for malnutrition. Of the 397 patients, 336 received surgery and 61 were treated conservatively. Patients were included independently of surgical intervention or age. The parameters for the clinical outcome were complications and time of hospitalization.


RESULTS
A severe risk of malnutrition was diagnosed in 142 patients (35.8%) according to an NRS score of ≥3. Furthermore, a significantly higher complication rate among those patients who were at risk for malnutrition (NRS 1-2) (7.8%) or who were malnourished (NRS ≥3) (22.8%) was found (p<0.001 χ(2)). Regarding the length of stay (LOS) in hospital, the medial hospitalization time increased from 7 to 10 days when patients were malnourished (NRS score ≥3) (p<0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
Malnutrition occurs frequently among gynecologic patients. Adequate perioperative nutritional supportive therapy should be considered in malnourished patients to improve their clinical outcome.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Munich - Campus Grosshadern, Munich, Germany. Electronic address: Linda.Hertlein@med.uni-muenchen.de.
Linda
L
Hertlein
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rosenheim, Germany.
Angela
A
Kirschenhofer
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Munich - Campus Grosshadern, Munich, Germany.
Sophie
S
Fürst
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Munich - Campus Grosshadern, Munich, Germany.
Daniela
D
Beer
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Munich - Campus Grosshadern, Munich, Germany.
Christine
C
Göß
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Munich - Campus Grosshadern, Munich, Germany.
Miriam
M
Lenhard
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Munich - Campus Grosshadern, Munich, Germany.
Klaus
K
Friese
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Munich - Campus Grosshadern, Munich, Germany.
Alexander
A
Burges
Surgical Department, University of Munich - Campus Grosshadern, Munich, Germany.
Peter
P
Rittler
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005831:Genital Diseases, Female / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D005833:Genital Neoplasms, Female / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D044623:Nutrition Therapy; D009752:Nutritional Status; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
Gynecology; Malnutrition; Nutritional Risk Screening