Oxidative stress and nerve damage: role in chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy.
Peripheral neuropathy is a severe dose limiting toxicity associated with cancer chemotherapy. Ever since it was identified, the clear pathological mechanisms underlying chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) remain sparse and considerable involvement of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation has been realized recently. Despite the empirical use of antioxidants in the therapy of CIPN, the oxidative stress mediated neuronal damage in peripheral neuropathy is still debatable. The current review focuses on nerve damage due to oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction as key pathogenic mechanisms involved in CIPN. Oxidative stress as a central mediator of apoptosis, neuroinflammation, metabolic disturbances and bioenergetic failure in neurons has been highlighted in this review along with a summary of research on dietary antioxidants and other nutraceuticals which have undergone prospective controlled clinical trials in patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Hyderabad (NIPER-H), Bala Nagar, Hyderabad, AP 500037, India.
Aparna
A
Areti
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Hyderabad (NIPER-H), Bala Nagar, Hyderabad, AP 500037, India.
Veera Ganesh
VG
Yerra
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Hyderabad (NIPER-H), Bala Nagar, Hyderabad, AP 500037, India.
Vgm
V
Naidu
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Hyderabad (NIPER-H), Bala Nagar, Hyderabad, AP 500037, India.
Ashutosh
A
Kumar
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D015415:Biomarkers; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009410:Nerve Degeneration; D009437:Neuralgia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D010523:Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid / Q000378:metabolism
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid
Chemotherapy; Mitochondria; Mitotoxicity; Nutraceuticals; Oxidative stress; Peripheral neuropathy