Pertussis toxin modulates microglia and T cell profile to protect experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Pertussis toxin (PTx) has various effects in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). This study was designed to explore the protective effects of PTx of different doses and subunits. EAE model was induced with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG35-55, 200 ug) plus complete Freund's adjuvant in 6-7 week-old female C57BL/6 mice. PTx reduced clinical deficits of EAE by 91.3%. This reduction in clinical deficits was achieved by attenuating demyelination by 75.5%. Furthermore, PTx reduced the lymphocyte infiltration, deactivated microglia activation and changed T cell profile by increasing T helper (type 1 and 2) and T regulatory cells.
Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, 350 W Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA.
Jun-Xiang
JX
Yin
Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, 350 W Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA.
Zhiwei
Z
Tang
Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, 350 W Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA.
Yan
Y
Gan
Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, 350 W Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA.
Lejun
L
Li
Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, 350 W Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA.
Fudong
F
Shi
Department of Neuropathology, Barrow Neurological Institute, 350 W Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA.
Stephen
S
Coons
Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, 350 W Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA. Electronic address: jiong.shi@dignityhealth.org.
Jiong
J
Shi
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000187:drug effects; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004681:Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D017628:Microglia / Q000187:drug effects*; D063308:Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein / Q000633:toxicity; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000633:toxicity; D037342:Pertussis Toxin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013154:Spleen / Q000473:pathology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D013997:Time Factors
C491049:Aif1 protein, mouse; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D016207:Cytokines; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C498833:Foxp3 protein, mouse; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D063308:Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C445081:myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (35-55); D037342:Pertussis Toxin
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; Microglia; Multiple sclerosis; Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein; Pertussis toxin