Antioxidant, phase II and III responses induced by lipoic acid in the fish Jenynsia multidentata (Anablapidae) and its influence on endolsulfan accumulation and toxicity.
Antioxidants like lipoic acid (LA) are known to trigger augmented antioxidant and phase II and III responses. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of LA in P-glycoprotein (Pgp) expression, glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity, total antioxidant competence, levels of lipid peroxides (TBARS) and accumulation of the organochlorine insecticide endosulfan (Endo: α-, β-isomers and sulfate metabolite) in different organs of the fish Jenynsia multidentata. One hundred and twenty females (1.55±0.07 g) were fed during 8 days with (n=60) or without (n=60) a LA enriched ration (6000 mg/kg). Four experimental groups were defined: -LA/-Endo; +LA/-Endo; -LA/+Endo; and +LA/+Endo. Endo groups were exposed during 24 h to 1.4 μg of insecticide/L. Results showed that only LA induced a significant increment in liver Pgp expression. GST activity was augmented in liver after exposure to LA or Endo. TBARS levels were lowered in liver and gills after LA pre-treatment. Total antioxidant capacity was lowered in liver of Endo exposed fish, a result that was reversed by LA pre-treatment. It is concluded that LA induced the expected effects in terms of Pgp expression, GST activity and reduced TBARS levels although favored α-Endo accumulation in brain. However, the Endo metabolism to the more persistent endosulfan sulfate was not facilitated by LA pre-treatment.
Curso de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas - Fisiologia Animal Comparada, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Cx. P. 474, CEP 96.201-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), FURG, Brazil. Electronic address: josemmonserrat@pesquisador.cnpq.br.
J M
JM
Monserrat
Curso de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas - Fisiologia Animal Comparada, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Cx. P. 474, CEP 96.201-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), FURG, Brazil.
M L
ML
Garcia
Curso de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas - Fisiologia Animal Comparada, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Cx. P. 474, CEP 96.201-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), FURG, Brazil.
J
J
Ventura-Lima
Laboratório de Ecotoxicología, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC)-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
M
M
González
Laboratório de Ecotoxicología, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC)-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
M L
ML
Ballesteros
Laboratório de Ecotoxicología, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC)-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
K S B
KS
Miglioranza
Universidad Nacional de Córdoba - CONICET, Facultad Ciencias Químicas, Córdoba, Argentina.
M V
MV
Amé
Universidad Nacional de Córdoba - CONICET, Facultad Ciencias Químicas, Córdoba, Argentina.
D A
DA
Wunderlin
D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D003532:Cyprinodontiformes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004726:Endosulfan / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005880:Gills / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008658:Inactivation, Metabolic; D007306:Insecticides / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D050217:Metabolic Detoxication, Phase II; D008063:Thioctic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*
D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D000975:Antioxidants; D029941:Fish Proteins; D007306:Insecticides; D008063:Thioctic Acid; C544689:endosulfan sulfate; D004726:Endosulfan
Antioxidant defenses; Endosulfan; Fish; Lipoic acid; Oxidative damage; Pgp expression