Persistent organic pollutants distribution in lipoprotein fractions in relation to cardiovascular disease and cancer.
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are lipophilic environmental toxins that have been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the concentrations of POPs in human high and low/very low-density lipoproteins (HDL and LDL/VLDL) and the possible association with CVD and cancer occurrence in individuals living in a contaminated area. Lipoproteins from 28 individuals (7 healthy controls, 8 subjects with cancer, 13 subjects with CVD) were isolated and the fraction-specific concentration of 20 different POPs was analyzed by high resolution gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry. The activity of Paraoxonase 1 (PON1), an anti-oxidant in HDL, was determined in plasma of these 28 subjects and additional 50 subjects from the same area excluding diseases other than cancer or CVD. Fourteen polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and three organochlorine pesticides were detected, and especially highly chlorinated PCBs were enriched in lipoproteins. Significantly higher concentrations of POPs were found among individuals with CVD or cancer compared to controls. Principal component analyses showed that POP concentrations in HDL were more associated with CVD, while POP concentrations in LDL/VLDL were more associated with cancer. PON1 activity was negatively correlated to sumPCB and a co-variation between decreased arylesterase-activity, increased PCB concentrations and CVD was found. This study shows that POPs are present in lipoproteins and were more abundant in individuals with CVD or cancer compared to healthy controls. The results also indicate that PCB exposure is accompanied by reduced PON1 activity that could impair the HDL function to protect against oxidation.
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden. Electronic address: stefan.ljunggren@liu.se.
Stefan A
SA
Ljunggren
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden. Electronic address: ingela.helmfrid@lio.se.
Ingela
I
Helmfrid
Man-Technology-Environment (MTM) Research Centre, Örebro University, SE-70182 Örebro, Sweden. Electronic address: samira.salihovic@oru.se.
Samira
S
Salihovic
Man-Technology-Environment (MTM) Research Centre, Örebro University, SE-70182 Örebro, Sweden. Electronic address: bert.vanbavel@oru.se.
Bert
B
van Bavel
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden. Electronic address: gun.wingren@liu.se.
Gun
G
Wingren
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden. Electronic address: mats.lindahl@liu.se.
Mats
M
Lindahl
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden. Electronic address: helen.m.karlsson@liu.se.
Helen
H
Karlsson
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000097:blood*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000097:blood*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D055815:Young Adult
D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D008074:Lipoproteins; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase
Cancer; Cardiovascular disease; Lipoproteins; Paraoxonase-1; Persistent organic pollutants