MicroRNAs as potential biomarkers in diseases and toxicology.
MiRNAs (microRNAs) are single-stranded non-coding RNAs of approximately 21-23 nucleotides in length whose main function is to inhibit gene expression by interfering with mRNA processes. MicroRNAs suppress gene expression by affecting mRNA (messenger RNAs) stability, targeting the mRNA for degradation, or both. In this review, we have examined how microRNA expression could be altered following exposure to chemicals and how they could represent appropriate tissue and more interestingly circulating biomarkers. Among the key questions before using the microRNA for evaluation of risk toxicity, it remains still to clarify how they could be causally involved in the adverse effects and how stable their changes are.
Inserm, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Team 5, Nice, F-06204, France; Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UFR Médecine, Nice, F-06000, France; BASF Agro, Ecully F-69130, France.
Bénazir
B
Siddeek
Inserm, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Team 5, Nice, F-06204, France; Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UFR Médecine, Nice, F-06000, France.
Lilia
L
Inoubli
Inserm, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Team 5, Nice, F-06204, France; Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UFR Médecine, Nice, F-06000, France.
Nadjem
N
Lakhdari
Inserm, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Team 5, Nice, F-06204, France; Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UFR Médecine, Nice, F-06000, France.
Paul Bellon
PB
Rachel
BASF SE, experimental toxicology and ecology, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany.
Karma Claire
KC
Fussell
BASF SE, experimental toxicology and ecology, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany.
Steffen
S
Schneider
Inserm, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Team 5, Nice, F-06204, France; Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UFR Médecine, Nice, F-06000, France; Université Lyon 1, UFR Médecine Lyon Sud, Lyon, F-69921, France; Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Lyon Sud, laboratoire d'anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques, Pierre-Bénite, F-69495, France.
Claire
C
Mauduit
Inserm, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Team 5, Nice, F-06204, France; Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UFR Médecine, Nice, F-06000, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Pôle Digestif, Gynécologie, Obstetrique, Centre de Reproduction, Nice, F-06202, France. Electronic address: benahmed.m@chu-nice.fr.
Mohamed
M
Benahmed
D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000633:toxicity*
D015415:Biomarkers; D035683:MicroRNAs; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D015262:Xenobiotics
Chemicals; Circulating biomarkers; MicroRNAs