Obesity prevalence in Colombian adults is increasing fastest in lower socio-economic status groups and urban residents: results from two nationally representative surveys.
OBJECTIVE
Low- and middle-income countries are experiencing rises in the prevalence of adult obesity. Whether these increases disproportionately affect vulnerable subpopulations is unclear because most previous investigations were not nationally representative, were limited to women, or relied on self-reported anthropometric data which are subject to bias. The aim of the present study was to assess changes in the prevalence of obesity from 2005 to 2010 in Colombian adults; overall and by levels of sociodemographic characteristics.


METHODS
Two cross-sectional, nationally representative surveys.


METHODS
Colombia.


METHODS
Men and women 18-64 years old (n 31 105 in 2005; n 81 115 in 2010).


RESULTS
The prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) was 13·9 % in 2005 and 16·4 % in 2010 (prevalence difference = 2·7 %; 95 % CI 1·9, 3·4 %). In multivariable analyses, obesity was positively associated with female sex, age, wealth, and living in the Pacific or National Territories regions in each year. In 2010, obesity was also associated with living in an urban area. The change in the prevalence of obesity from 2005 to 2010 varied significantly according to wealth; 5·0 % (95 % CI 3·3, 6·7 %) among the poorest and 0·3 % (95 % CI -1·6, 2·2 %) in the wealthiest (P, test for interaction = 0·007), after adjustment. Obesity rates also increased faster in older than younger people (P, test for interaction = 0·01), among people from urban compared with non-urban areas (P, test for interaction = 0·06) and in adults living in the Atlantic region compared with others.


CONCLUSIONS
Adult obesity prevalence has increased in Colombia and its burden is shifting towards the poor and urban populations.
1Department of Environmental Health Sciences,University of Michigan School of Public Health,Ann Arbor,MI,USA.
Nicole M
NM
Kasper
2School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health,Industrial University of Santander,Bucaramanga,Colombia.
Oscar F
OF
Herrán
3Department of Epidemiology,University of Michigan School of Public Health,M5055 SPH II,1415 Washington Heights,Ann Arbor,MI 48109-2029,USA.
Eduardo
E
Villamor
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001827:Body Height; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D003105:Colombia / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014505:Urban Population; D055815:Young Adult