Correlation between sacral ratio and primary enuresis.
BACKGROUND
Enuresis is defined as the repeated voiding of urine into clothes or bed at least twice a week for at least 3 consecutive months in a child who is at least 5 yr of age and has a high prevalence in school aged children. In primary enuresis (PE) children have never gained control over urination or has been dry for<6months. While in secondary enuresis children have developed incontinence after a period of at least 6 months of urinary control.


OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to investigate a possible relation between PE and sacral ratio (SR) in 5-9 aged children.


METHODS
118 children with aged 5-9 year were enrolled in this case-control study. All them were divided into two aliquots groups of 59 patients. The case study (children with PE) and the control (children without PE) groups were matched in age and sex. SR based on antero-posterior plain radiograms of pelvis was calculated. Results were then analyzed using Chi square and student t-test as appropriate.


RESULTS
There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding age and gender. Mean SR in case and control group was 0.89 and 0.90, respectively. Moreover, there was no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.82). Only 1 child (1.6%) in case group showed abnormal SR while this was 7 children (11.9%) in the control group.


CONCLUSIONS
This study showed that, there was no significant difference between children with PE and those without PE in terms of SR. However, multicenter and larger sample size is recommended for definite decision of this finding.
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
Parsa
P
Yousefi
Student Research Committee, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
Mohammadreza
M
Firouzifar
Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
Ali
A
Cyrus
Child; Enuresis; Sacral abnormalities; Sacral ratio