High-resolution computed tomography features of smoking-related interstitial lung disease.
The smoking-related interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) comprise several diseases that often coexist. In this review, the high-resolution computed tomography (CT) features and pathologic correlates of the traditional smoking-related ILDs (respiratory bronchiolitis-associated ILD, desquamative interstitial pneumonia, and pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis) and those ILDs with less clearly defined relationships to smoking are described. The degree to which these entities coexist and overlap is explored on high-resolution CT scans. Emerging evidence about the link between smoking and lung fibrosis (from lung cancer-screening trials with CT), and smoking as a factor in ageing of the lung, is also discussed.
Department of Radiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Arjun
A
Nair
Department of Radiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK. Electronic address: davidhansell@rbht.nhs.uk.
David M
DM
Hansell
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging; D001991:Bronchitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006646:Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D017563:Lung Diseases, Interstitial / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*