Non-invasive mouthguard biosensor for continuous salivary monitoring of metabolites.
The present work describes the first example of a wearable salivary metabolite biosensor based on the integration of a printable enzymatic electrode on a mouthguard. The new mouthguard enzymatic biosensor, based on an immobilized lactate oxidase and a low potential detection of the peroxide product, exhibits high sensitivity, selectivity and stability using whole human saliva samples. Such non-invasive mouthguard metabolite biosensors could tender useful real-time information regarding a wearer's health, performance and stress level, and thus hold considerable promise for diverse biomedical and fitness applications.
Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093-0448, USA. josephwang@ucsd.edu.
Jayoung
J
Kim
Gabriela
G
Valdés-Ramírez
Amay J
AJ
Bandodkar
Wenzhao
W
Jia
Alexandra G
AG
Martinez
Julian
J
Ramírez
Patrick
P
Mercier
Joseph
J
Wang
D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000032:analysis*; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors
D015415:Biomarkers; D019344:Lactic Acid