Direct detection of protein biomarkers in human fluids using site-specific antibody immobilization strategies.
Design of an optimal surface biofunctionalization still remains an important challenge for the application of biosensors in clinical practice and therapeutic follow-up. Optical biosensors offer real-time monitoring and highly sensitive label-free analysis, along with great potential to be transferred to portable devices. When applied in direct immunoassays, their analytical features depend strongly on the antibody immobilization strategy. A strategy for correct immobilization of antibodies based on the use of ProLinker™ has been evaluated and optimized in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, stability and reproducibility. Special effort has been focused on avoiding antibody manipulation, preventing nonspecific adsorption and obtaining a robust biosurface with regeneration capabilities. ProLinker™-based approach has demonstrated to fulfill those crucial requirements and, in combination with PEG-derivative compounds, has shown encouraging results for direct detection in biological fluids, such as pure urine or diluted serum. Furthermore, we have implemented the ProLinker™ strategy to a novel nanoplasmonic-based biosensor resulting in promising advantages for its application in clinical and biomedical diagnosis.
Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group, Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), CSIC & CIBER-BBN, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain. maria.soler@cin2.es.
Maria
M
Soler
Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group, Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), CSIC & CIBER-BBN, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain. mcarmen.estevez@cin2.es.
M-Carmen
MC
Estevez
Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group, Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), CSIC & CIBER-BBN, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain. mar.alvarez@cin2.es.
Mar
M
Alvarez
Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group, Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), CSIC & CIBER-BBN, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain. bert.otte@cin2.es.
Marinus A
MA
Otte
Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group, Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), CSIC & CIBER-BBN, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain. borja.sepulveda@cin2.es.
Borja
B
Sepulveda
Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group, Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), CSIC & CIBER-BBN, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain. laura.lechuga@cin2.es.
Laura M
LM
Lechuga
D000906:Antibodies / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D055910:Antibodies, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000378:metabolism*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis / Q000652:urine; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000032:analysis; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry
D000906:Antibodies; D055910:Antibodies, Immobilized; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; C034284:IgG Fc-binding protein, Streptococcus; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D006046:Gold; D002097:C-Reactive Protein