From a melt of rings to chromosome territories: the role of topological constraints in genome folding.
We review pro and contra of the hypothesis that generic polymer properties of topological constraints are behind many aspects of chromatin folding in eukaryotic cells. For that purpose, we review, first, recent theoretical and computational findings in polymer physics related to concentrated, topologically simple (unknotted and unlinked) chains or a system of chains. Second, we review recent experimental discoveries related to genome folding. Understanding in these fields is far from complete, but we show how looking at them in parallel sheds new light on both.
Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
Jonathan D
JD
Halverson
Jan
J
Smrek
Kurt
K
Kremer
Alexander Y
AY
Grosberg
D000818:Animals; D055592:Biophysical Phenomena; D001704:Biopolymers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016678:Genome; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D008968:Molecular Conformation
D001704:Biopolymers