Characteristics and treatment outcomes of 69 cases with early prosthetic joint infections of the hip and knee.
OBJECTIVE
Early prosthetic joint infection (PJI) can be treated with an intensive surgical debridement and implant retention (DAIR) of the prosthesis if (1) the prosthesis is stable, (2) the pathogen is not a difficult-to-treat microorganism, (3) symptoms have lasted for <3 weeks and (4) a sinus tract is absent.


METHODS
We retrospectively evaluated the treatment outcome of early PJI in the hip and knee in a single orthopaedic centre. An early PJI was defined as a prosthesis infection within 3 months after primary implantation or revision surgery for a non-infectious cause.


RESULTS
We identified 69 patients with confirmed early PJI, with a median age of 71 (range 33-84) years. Only 64 % presented with ≥2 acute signs of infection. The most commonly isolated bacteria were coagulase-negative staphylococci (38 %) and Staphylococcus aureus (25 %). Surgical procedures included DAIR (50 cases, 69 %) and two-stage exchange (19 cases, 31 %). At last follow-up, five of remaining living 67 patients (7.5 %) had a relapse of infection. The overall relapse-free survival of the prosthesis after 2 years was 92.3 % (95 % confidence interval 82-97 %) with no significant difference between DAIR and exchange of prosthesis.


CONCLUSIONS
Our data suggest that an early PJI should be treated with DAIR as a less invasive procedure whenever possible according to the established treatment algorithm.
Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Dental School, University of Maryland, 650 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA, yvonne.achermann@gmail.com.
Y
Y
Achermann
P
P
Stasch
S
S
Preiss
K
K
Lucke
M
M
Vogt
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019643:Arthroplasty, Replacement / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D003646:Debridement; D005260:Female; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents