Cortical excitability as a potential clinical marker of epilepsy: a review of the clinical application of transcranial magnetic stimulation.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can be used for safe, noninvasive probing of cortical excitability (CE). We review 50 studies that measured CE in people with epilepsy. Most showed cortical hyperexcitability, which can be corrected with anti-epileptic drug treatment. Several studies showed that decrease of CE after epilepsy surgery is predictive of good seizure outcome. CE is a potential biomarker for epilepsy. Clinical application may include outcome prediction of drug treatment and epilepsy surgery.
SEIN - Epilepsy Institute in the Netherlands Foundation, Heemstede, The Netherlands, P.O. Box 540, 2130 AM Hoofddorp, The Netherlands.
Prisca R
PR
Bauer
Stiliyan
S
Kalitzin
Maeike
M
Zijlmans
Josemir W
JW
Sander
Gerhard H
GH
Visser
D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D050781:Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation / Q000379:methods