Brown adipose tissue in humans: detection and functional analysis using PET (positron emission tomography), MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), and DECT (dual energy computed tomography).
If the beneficial effects of brown adipose tissue (BAT) on whole body metabolism, as observed in nonhuman experimental models, are to be translated to humans, tools that accurately measure how BAT influences human metabolism will be required. This chapter discusses such techniques, how they can be used, what they can measure and also some of their limitations. The focus is on detection and functional analysis of human BAT and how this can be facilitated by applying advanced imaging technology such as positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and dual energy computed tomography.
Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Magnus
M
Borga
Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Kirsi A
KA
Virtanen
Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Thobias
T
Romu
Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Olof Dahlqvist
OD
Leinhard
Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; County Council of Östergötland, Linköping, Sweden.
Anders
A
Persson
Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Pirjo
P
Nuutila
Department of Clinical and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. Electronic address: sven.enerback@medgen.gu.se.
Sven
S
Enerbäck
D002001:Adipose Tissue, Brown / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
Brown adipose tissue; Dual energy computed tomography; Human; Magnetic resonance imaging; Positron emission tomography