Negative electrospray ionization on porous supporting tips for mass spectrometric analysis: electrostatic charging effect on detection sensitivity and its application to explosive detection.
The simplicity and easy manipulation of a porous substrate-based ESI-MS technique have been widely applied to the direct analysis of different types of samples in positive ion mode. However, the study and application of this technique in negative ion mode are sparse. A key challenge could be due to the ease of electrical discharge on supporting tips upon the application of negative voltage. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of supporting materials, including polyester, polyethylene and wood, on the detection sensitivity of a porous substrate-based negative ESI-MS technique. By using nitrobenzene derivatives and nitrophenol derivatives as the target analytes, it was found that the hydrophobic materials (i.e., polyethylene and polyester) with a higher tendency to accumulate negative charge could enhance the detection sensitivity towards nitrobenzene derivatives via electron-capture ionization; whereas, compounds with electron affinities lower than the cut-off value (1.13 eV) were not detected. Nitrophenol derivatives with pKa smaller than 9.0 could be detected in the form of deprotonated ions; whereas polar materials (i.e., wood), which might undergo competitive deprotonation with the analytes, could suppress the detection sensitivity. With the investigation of the material effects on the detection sensitivity, the porous substrate-based negative ESI-MS method was developed and applied to the direct detection of two commonly encountered explosives in complex samples.
Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China. kwanmng@hku.hk.
Melody Yee-Man
MY
Wong
Sin-Heng
SH
Man
Chi-Ming
CM
Che
Kai-Chung
KC
Lau
Kwan-Ming
KM
Ng
D053834:Explosive Agents / Q000032:analysis*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009578:Nitrobenzenes / Q000032:analysis*; D009596:Nitrophenols / Q000032:analysis*; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry; D020959:Polyethylene / Q000737:chemistry; D016062:Porosity; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D055672:Static Electricity; D014934:Wood / Q000737:chemistry
D053834:Explosive Agents; D009578:Nitrobenzenes; D009596:Nitrophenols; D011091:Polyesters; D020959:Polyethylene; C036077:nitrobenzene