title: Oxidant-antioxidant status in Egyptian children with sickle cell anemia: a single center based study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  the present study was conducted to investigate the oxidant-antioxidant status in Egyptian children with sickle cell anemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  the serum levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAO), paraoxonase (PON), vitamin E, nitrite, and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in 40 steady state children with homozygous sickle cell anemia (24 males and 16 females) and 20 apparently healthy age- and gender-matched controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  mean serum TAO, PON, vitamin E, and nitrite levels were significantly lower in the group with sickle cell anemia, whereas mean serum MDA was significantly higher in these children compared to controls. No significant differences in mean levels of TAO, PON, nitrite, vitamin E, and MDA were found in sickle cell anemia patients receiving hydroxyurea when compared with those not receiving hydroxyurea. A significant negative correlation between serum nitrite and the occurrence of vaso-occlusive crises (VOC) was observed (r=-0.3, p=0.04). PON level was found to be positively correlated with patients' weight and BMI (r=-0.4, p=0.01; r=-0.7, p<0.001, respectively), but not with frequency of VOC. The area under the curve of serum nitrite in predicting occurrence of VOC was 0.782, versus 0.701 for PON, and 0.650 for TAO (p=0.006). Serum MDA was not correlated with nitrite, PON, TAO, or vitamin E levels. No significant correlations were detected between serum nitrite and hemoglobin or antioxidant enzymes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  children with sickle cell anemia have chronic oxidative stress that may result in increased VOC, and decreased serum nitrite may be associated with increases in VOC frequency. A novel finding in this study is the decrease in PON level in these patients, which is an interesting subject for further research.
authors: Department of Pediatrics, New Children's Hospital, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. Electronic address: melghamrawi@yahoo.com.
authors: Mona Kamal
authors: MK
authors: El-Ghamrawy
authors: Department of Child Health, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
authors: Wagdi Maurice
authors: WM
authors: Hanna
authors: Department of Pediatrics, New Children's Hospital, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors: Amina
authors: A
authors: Abdel-Salam
authors: Department of Child Health, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
authors: Marwa M
authors: MM
authors: El-Sonbaty
authors: Department of Medical Biochemistry, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
authors: Eman R
authors: ER
authors: Youness
authors: Department of Child Health, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
authors: Ahmed
authors: A
authors: Adel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis*; D000986:Antisickling Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000097:blood; D001835:Body Weight; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D004534:Egypt; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006918:Hydroxyurea / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D009573:Nitrites / Q000097:blood; D016877:Oxidants / Q000097:blood*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012737:Sex Factors; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D000986:Antisickling Agents; D009573:Nitrites; D016877:Oxidants; D014810:Vitamin E; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase; D006918:Hydroxyurea
keywords: Anemia falciforme; Antioxidantes; Antioxidants; Children; Crianças; Malondialdehyde; Malondialdeído; Nitrite; Nitrito; Paraoxonase; Sickle cell anemia