title: [Vitamin D deficiency in a cohort over 65 years: prevalence and association with sociodemographic and health factors].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vitamin D deficiency is common in the elderly, especially among institutionalized and/or hip fracture patients. However, there are few population studies on the prevalence of this deficiency in the general population over 64 years in our environment. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in an urban population cohort of over 64 years, and analyze its relationship with sociodemographic, climatic, and health factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study from «Peñagrande cohort», a population-based cohort consisting of people over 64 years. We determined 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, and recorded sociodemographic data (age, sex, marital status, education, socioeconomic status), season of measurement and health variables (comorbidity, obesity, malnutrition, renal failure, cognitive impairment, vitamin D supplements, and disability).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 468 individuals with a mean age of 76.0 years (SD: 7.7) were included, of which 53.4% were women. The mean value of vitamin D was 20.3 ± 11.7 ng/mL. The large majority (86.3%, 95% CI: 83.0-89.5) had a vitamin insufficiency (≤ 30 ng/ml), and 35.2% (95% CI: 30.8-39.7) showed severe vitamin deficiency (≤ 15 ng/ml). Vitamin insufficiency increases linearly with age (OR 1.06; 95% CI: 1.01-1.11), and was associated with low socioeconomic status (OR 3.29; 95% CI: 1.55-6.95). Severe vitamin D deficiency increases with age (OR 1.06; 95% CI: 1.02-1.09), female gender (OR 1.80; 95% CI: 1.18-2.75) and with cognitive impairment (OR 1.71; 95% CI: 1.04-2.83).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in people over 65 years of age in our community is high. It would be advisable to determine the vitamin D values in the high risk elderly in order to introduce measures of pharmacological supplementation in those with inadequate levels.
authors: Centro de Salud Fuencarral, Atención Primaria de Madrid, Madrid, España. Electronic address: carmen.mateopascual@gmail.com.
authors: Carmen
authors: C
authors: Mateo-Pascual
authors: Centro de Salud Dr. Castroviejo, Atención Primaria de Madrid, Madrid, España; Miembro de IdiPAZ.
authors: Rosa
authors: R
authors: Julián-Viñals
authors: Miembro de IdiPAZ; Servicio de Geriatría, Hospital Universitario La Paz (HULP), Madrid, España.
authors: Teresa
authors: T
authors: Alarcón-Alarcón
authors: Centro de Salud Dr. Castroviejo, Atención Primaria de Madrid, Madrid, España; Miembro de IdiPAZ.
authors: Maria Victoria
authors: MV
authors: Castell-Alcalá
authors: Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario La Paz (HULP), Madrid, España.
authors: Jose Manuel
authors: JM
authors: Iturzaeta-Sánchez
authors: Miembro de IdiPAZ; Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, España.
authors: Angel
authors: A
authors: Otero-Piume
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012621:Seasons; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013030:Spain; D014504:Urban Health; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000453:epidemiology*
keywords: Anciano; Atención primaria; Deficiencia vitamina D; Elderly; Prevalence; Prevalencia; Primary care; Vitamin D deficiency