title: Microarray analysis of gene expression in parthenotes and in vitro-derived goat embryos.
abstract: The present work was carried out to investigate the global gene expression profile to search differentially expressed candidate transcripts between parthenogenetic and in vitro-fertilized (IVF) caprine morula. For this study, total RNA was isolated from diploid parthenogenetic and IVF embryos, and complementary DNA was synthesized. Microarray and relative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis were performed to check global gene expression profile and validation, respectively. According to the microarray analysis, the total number of upregulated (UR) and downregulated (DR) genes was 613 and 220, respectively in diploid parthenogenetic morula as compared with IVF morula. The number of genes showing about two-, two- to five-, five- to 10-, 10- to 20-, and above 20-fold UR and DR genes was 147, 229, 122, 59, and 56 and 94, 73, 18, 13, and 22, respectively. Five UR genes validated (PTEN, PHF3, CTNNB1, SELK, and NPDC1) and all of them were significantly higher in parthenotes, which was in accordance with microarray results, whereas the expression of DR (AURKC and KLF15) genes were downregulated in parthenotes as observed in microarray results but the difference was not significant (P < 0.05). In conclusion, our findings demonstrate differential expression of a large number of genes in parthenotes compared with IVF embryos, which may be the reason for aberrant parthenogenetic embryo development in caprine species.
authors: Reproductive Physiology Lab, Division of Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors: Renu
authors: R
authors: Singh
authors: Reproductive Physiology Lab, Division of Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors: Kuldeep
authors: K
authors: Kumar
authors: Reproductive Physiology Lab, Division of Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors: P S
authors: PS
authors: Mahapatra
authors: Reproductive Physiology Lab, Division of Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors: Manish
authors: M
authors: Kumar
authors: Reproductive Physiology Lab, Division of Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors: Pranjali
authors: P
authors: Agarwal
authors: Reproductive Physiology Lab, Division of Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors: S K
authors: SK
authors: Bhure
authors: Reproductive Physiology Lab, Division of Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors: Dhruba
authors: D
authors: Malakar
authors: Reproductive Physiology Lab, Division of Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors: S K
authors: SK
authors: Bhanja
authors: Reproductive Physiology Lab, Division of Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India. Electronic address: bag658@gmail.com.
authors: Sadhan
authors: S
authors: Bag
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000378:metabolism*; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000662:veterinary; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006041:Goats / Q000235:genetics*; D059471:In Vitro Oocyte Maturation Techniques; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D009865:Oocytes / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D010312:Parthenogenesis / Q000235:genetics*
keywords: Gene expression; Goat embryo; IVF; Microarray analysis; Parthenogenesis