title: Real-time contrast enhanced ultrasound imaging of focal splenic lesions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the imaging features of focal splenic lesions (FSLs) on contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty two patients with FSLs proved by pathology were retrospectively analyzed. CEUS was performed using intravenous bolus injection of 2.4 ml sulfur hexafluoride-filled microbubble contrast agent and real time scanning. There were hemangioma (n=7), lymphoma (n=8), true cyst (n=3), infarction (n=4), hematolymphangioma (n=2), metastasis tumor (n=2), and one for each of the following entities extramedullary hemopoiesis, hamartoma, tuberculosis, Langerhans' cell histiocytosis, inflammatory pseudotumor and myxofibrosarcoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 21 benign lesions, 4 infarctions and 3 cysts presented non-enhancement throughout CEUS scanning, and the other 14 lesions displayed various enhancement levels with 6 (42.9%) hyper-enhancement, 2 (14.3%) iso-enhancement and 6 (42.9%) hypo-enhancement in arterial phase and 11 (78.6%) hypo-enhancement, 1 (7.1%) iso-enhancement and 2 (14.3%) hyper-enhancement in late phase, respectively. The enhancement pattern included 9 (64.3%) homogeneous, 4 (28.6%) heterogeneous and 1 (7.1%) rim-like enhancement. As for the malignant FSLs, all the lesions became completely or extensively hypo-enhancement during the late phase no matter their vascularity during arterial phase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CEUS features reported in this series may enrich the knowledge for CEUS characterization of FSLs.
authors: Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Li
authors: Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: liugj@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
authors: Guangjian
authors: G
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors: Zhu
authors: Z
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Huang
authors: Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors: ZuoFeng
authors: Z
authors: Xu
authors: Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors: XiaoYan
authors: X
authors: Xie
authors: Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors: MingDe
authors: M
authors: Lu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003199:Computer Systems; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010743:Phospholipids; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013160:Splenic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D013459:Sulfur Hexafluoride; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D010743:Phospholipids; C420843:contrast agent BR1; D013459:Sulfur Hexafluoride
keywords: Contrast agent; Focal splenic lesion; Ultrasound