title: Thyroid autoimmunity and dysfunction in multiple sclerosis patients during long-term treatment with interferon beta or glatiramer acetate: an Italian multicenter study.
abstract: Few long-term follow-up data are available on thyroid dysfunction (TD) in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients treated with glatiramer acetate (GA) or with interferon-beta (IFNb). In a cohort of 787 relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients whom were followed up for 8 years, we observed an increased prevalence of TD and thyroid autoimmunity (TA) within the first year of IFNb treatment, regardless of the dose or frequency of administration, while no change was observed with GA treatment. The increased prevalence of TD and TA within the first year of IFNb treatment suggested the need for close monitoring of thyroid function and autoimmunity, though only during the first year of IFNb treatment.
authors: Department of Neurosciences, Catholic University of Rome, Italy giovannifrisullo@rm.unicatt.it.
authors: Giovanni
authors: G
authors: Frisullo
authors: Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy.
authors: Massimiliano
authors: M
authors: Calabrese
authors: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Italy.
authors: Carla
authors: C
authors: Tortorella
authors: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Italy.
authors: Damiano
authors: D
authors: Paolicelli
authors: Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Italy.
authors: Paolo
authors: P
authors: Ragonese
authors: Centro Studi SM, AO Sant'Antonio Abate - Gallarate (VA), Italy.
authors: Pietro
authors: P
authors: Annovazzi
authors: Department of Neurology, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
authors: Marta
authors: M
authors: Radaelli
authors: Centro di Riferimento Regionale per la Sclerosi Multipla-Neurologia 2, A.O.U. San Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano, Italy.
authors: Simona
authors: S
authors: Malucchi
authors: Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Gallo
authors: Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff University, UK.
authors: Valentina
authors: V
authors: Tomassini
authors: Department of Neurosciences, Catholic University of Rome, Italy Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, Rome, Italy.
authors: Viviana
authors: V
authors: Nociti
authors: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Italy.
authors: Mariangela
authors: M
authors: D'Onghia
authors: Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Italy.
authors: Vincenzina
authors: V
authors: Lo Re
authors: Department of Neurology, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
authors: Mariemma
authors: M
authors: Rodegher
authors: Neurology Unit - Azienda Sanitaria Locale 3, Genovese, Genoa, Italy.
authors: Claudio
authors: C
authors: Solaro
authors: San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy.
authors: Claudio
authors: C
authors: Gasperini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015551:Autoimmunity / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D000068717:Glatiramer Acetate / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000068556:Interferon beta-1a / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000068576:Interferon beta-1b / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D000068576:Interferon beta-1b; D000068717:Glatiramer Acetate; D000068556:Interferon beta-1a
keywords: Adverse effects; autoimmunity; glatiramer acetate; interferon beta; multiple sclerosis; thyroid