title: Feline ischemic myelopathy and encephalopathy secondary to hyaline arteriopathy in five cats.
abstract: Five cats presented with acute-onset neurological signs. Magnetic resonance imaging in four cats showed a T2-weighted hyperintense spinal cord lesion that was mildly contrast-enhancing in three cats. Owing to inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid changes three cats were treated with immunosuppression. One cat was treated with antibiotics. All cats improved initially, but were eventually euthanased owing to the recurrence of neurological signs. Histopathology in all cats showed hyaline degeneration of the ventral spinal artery, basilar artery or associated branches with aneurysmal dilation, thrombosis and ischemic degeneration and necrosis of the spinal cord and brain. Two cats also had similar vascular changes in meningeal vessels. Vascular hyaline degeneration resulting in vascular aneurysmal dilation and thrombosis should be a differential diagnosis in cats presenting with acute central nervous system signs.
authors: Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA rylander@svm.vetmed.wisc.edu.
authors: Helena
authors: H
authors: Rylander
authors: Dick White Referrals, Cambridge, UK.
authors: Salih
authors: S
authors: Eminaga
authors: Dick White Referrals, Cambridge, UK.
authors: Viktor
authors: V
authors: Palus
authors: Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
authors: Howard
authors: H
authors: Steinberg
authors: Dick White Referrals, Cambridge, UK.
authors: Abby
authors: A
authors: Caine
authors: Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK.
authors: Brian A
authors: BA
authors: Summers
authors: Animal Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
authors: Joshua
authors: J
authors: Gehrke
authors: Animal Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
authors: Chad
authors: C
authors: West
authors: Animal Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
authors: Philip R
authors: PR
authors: Fox
authors: Department of Anatomic Pathology, Animal Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
authors: Taryn
authors: T
authors: Donovan
authors: Dick White Referrals, Cambridge, UK.
authors: Giunio Bruto
authors: GB
authors: Cherubini
mesh_terms: D000783:Aneurysm / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D002415:Cats; D003287:Contrast Media; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006818:Hyalin; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D009336:Necrosis; D013118:Spinal Cord Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D020760:Spinal Cord Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media