title: Composition of personalized and standard nutritional mixtures in patients on home parenteral nutrition.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The compounding of personalized parenteral nutrition mixtures (PPNMs) for home parenteral nutrition (HPN) gives the possibility to better satisfy nutritional requirements for patients in selected clinical conditions. The objective of this study was to compare the composition of PPNMs prescribed in selected cases, by a practitioner nutritionist, with that of industrially manufactured standard parenteral nutrition mixtures (SPNMs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred and ninety-eight patients (151 men, 147 women, aged 17-87 years) on HPN, followed up in 2011 at our Center, were retrospectively recruited.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Industrially manufactured SPNMs were prescribed in 230 (77.2%) patients, whereas compounded PPNMs were prescribed in 68 (22.8%). Formulation of PPNMs, adjusted for body weight, did not significantly differ from SPNMs as regards total daily calorie amount, but was significantly different as far as nutrient composition is concerned (P<0.01). Analysis on the daily amount of nutrients per kg of body weight and per patient disease showed that 16/34 (47%) benign chronic intestinal failure (CIF) patients, 47/233 (20%) cancer patients and 5/31 (16%) patients grouped as 'having other diseases' needed personalized mixtures (in PPNMs 4-9 nutrients were significantly different from those in SPNMs). Moreover, in CIF patients receiving PPNMs, frequent changes in the formulation (mean 6 times per year, range 1-28) were necessary.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that, presently, PPNMs cannot be completely replaced by SPNMs owing to special needs in macro and/or micronutrients of some patients and/or the necessity of frequent changes in the nutritional mixture composition, at least until stabilization of clinical and metabolic conditions.
authors: Home Artificial Nutrition Unit, Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition Section, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, 'Federico II' University Hospital, Naples, Italy.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Scanzano
authors: Home Artificial Nutrition Unit, Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition Section, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, 'Federico II' University Hospital, Naples, Italy.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Iacone
authors: Home Artificial Nutrition Unit, Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition Section, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, 'Federico II' University Hospital, Naples, Italy.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Alfonsi
authors: Home Artificial Nutrition Unit, Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition Section, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, 'Federico II' University Hospital, Naples, Italy.
authors: M R
authors: MR
authors: Galeotalanza
authors: Home Artificial Nutrition Unit, Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition Section, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, 'Federico II' University Hospital, Naples, Italy.
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Sgambati
authors: Home Artificial Nutrition Unit, Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition Section, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, 'Federico II' University Hospital, Naples, Italy.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Pastore
authors: Home Artificial Nutrition Unit, Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition Section, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, 'Federico II' University Hospital, Naples, Italy.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: D'Isanto
authors: Home Artificial Nutrition Unit, Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition Section, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, 'Federico II' University Hospital, Naples, Italy.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Fierro
authors: Home Artificial Nutrition Unit, Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition Section, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, 'Federico II' University Hospital, Naples, Italy.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Contaldo
authors: Home Artificial Nutrition Unit, Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition Section, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, 'Federico II' University Hospital, Naples, Italy.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Santarpia
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D057947:Parenteral Nutrition Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016331:Parenteral Nutrition, Home; D057285:Precision Medicine; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D057947:Parenteral Nutrition Solutions