title: Smoking cessation.
abstract: Cigarette smoking is a major preventable cause of morbidity and mortality. It is the major risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the developed world. Smoking is a chronic relapsing disease. Optimal treatment includes nonpharmacologic support, together with pharmacotherapy. All clinicians should be comfortable with the use of nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion, and varenicline. Second-line therapies can be used by those familiar with their use. Effective use of these medications requires their integration into an effective management plan, which is likely to be a long-term undertaking, involving several cycles of remission and relapse.
authors: Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985910 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5910, USA. Electronic address: srennard@unmc.edu.
authors: Stephen I
authors: SI
authors: Rennard
authors: Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985910 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5910, USA.
authors: David M
authors: DM
authors: Daughton
mesh_terms: D001552:Benzazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016642:Bupropion / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D009538:Nicotine / Q000378:metabolism; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000628:therapy*; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012907:Smoking / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D061485:Tobacco Use Cessation Devices; D000068580:Varenicline
chemical_list: D001552:Benzazepines; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists; D011810:Quinoxalines; D016642:Bupropion; D009538:Nicotine; D000068580:Varenicline
keywords: Cessation; Pharmacotherapy; Smoking; Treatment