title: Determination of ptaquiloside and pterosin B derived from bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) in cattle plasma, urine and milk.
abstract: Ptaquiloside (PTA) is a toxin from bracken fern (Pteridium sp.) with genotoxic effects. Hydrolysis of PTA leads to the non-toxic and aromatised indanone, pterosin B (PTB). Here we present a sensitive, fast, simple and direct method, using SPE cartridges to clean and pre-concentrate PTA and PTB in plasma, urine and milk followed by LC-MS quantification. The average recovery of PTA in plasma, urine, and milk was 71, 88 and 77%, respectively, whereas recovery of PTB was 75, 82 and 63%. The method LOQ for PTA and PTB in plasma was 1.2 and 3.7ngmL(-1), 52 and 33ngmL(-1) for undiluted urine and 5.8 and 5.3ngmL(-1) for milk. The method is repeatable within and between days, with RSD values lower than 15% (PTA) and 20% (PTB). When PTA and PTB spiked samples were stored at -18°C for 14 days both compounds remained stable. In contrast, the PTA concentration was reduced by 15% when PTA spiked plasma was left for 5h at room temperature before SPE clean-up, whereas PTB remained stable. The method is the first to allow simultaneous quantification of PTA and PTB in biological fluids in a relevant concentration range. After intravenous administration of 0.092mg PTA per kgbw in a heifer, the plasma concentration was more than 300ngmL(-1) PTA and declined to 9.8ngmL(-1) after 6h, PTB was determined after 10min at 50ngmL(-1.)
authors: University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Ridebanevej 9, DK-1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark; University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Science, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark.
authors: Paulo César Reis
authors: PC
authors: Aranha
authors: University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Science, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark.
authors: Hans Christian Bruun
authors: HC
authors: Hansen
authors: University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Science, Bülowsvej 17, DK-1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark.
authors: Lars Holm
authors: LH
authors: Rasmussen
authors: University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Science, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark.
authors: Bjarne W
authors: BW
authors: Strobel
authors: University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Ridebanevej 9, DK-1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark. Electronic address: cfr@sund.ku.dk.
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Friis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D005260:Female; D007189:Indans / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D057230:Limit of Detection; D016014:Linear Models; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D032498:Pteridium / Q000737:chemistry*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D007189:Indans; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C586064:pterosin B; C043680:ptaquiloside
keywords: Bracken fern; Cattle; LC–MS; Ptaquiloside; Pterosin B