title: CYP77A19 and CYP77A20 characterized from Solanum tuberosum oxidize fatty acids in vitro and partially restore the wild phenotype in an Arabidopsis thaliana cutin mutant.
abstract: Cutin and suberin represent lipophilic polymers forming plant/environment interfaces in leaves and roots. Despite recent progress in Arabidopsis, there is still a lack on information concerning cutin and suberin synthesis, especially in crops. Based on sequence homology, we isolated two cDNA clones of new cytochrome P450s, CYP77A19 and CYP77A20 from potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum). Both enzymes hydroxylated lauric acid (C12:0) on position ω-1 to ω-5. They oxidized fatty acids with chain length ranging from C12 to C18 and catalysed hydroxylation of 16-hydroxypalmitic acid leading to dihydroxypalmitic (DHP) acids, the major C16 cutin and suberin monomers. CYP77A19 also produced epoxides from linoleic acid (C18:2). Exploration of expression pattern in potato by RT-qPCR revealed the presence of transcripts in all tissues tested with the highest expression in the seed compared with leaves. Water stress enhanced their expression level in roots but not in leaves. Application of methyl jasmonate specifically induced CYP77A19 expression. Expression of either gene in the Arabidopsis null mutant cyp77a6-1 defective in flower cutin restored petal cuticular impermeability. Nanoridges were also observed in CYP77A20-expressing lines. However, only very low levels of the major flower cutin monomer 10,16-dihydroxypalmitate and no C18 epoxy monomers were found in the cutin of the complemented lines.
authors: Département Réseaux Metaboliques chez les Végétaux, IBMP-UDS-CNRS UPR 2357, Strasbourg, F-67083, France.
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Grausem
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Widemann
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Verdier
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Nosbüsch
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Aubert
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Beisson
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Schreiber
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Franke
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Pinot
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D035264:Flowers / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D007850:Lauric Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000235:genetics*; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010539:Permeability; D010641:Phenotype; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D011198:Solanum tuberosum / Q000201:enzymology*; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D007850:Lauric Acids; D008563:Membrane Lipids; C030358:lauric acid; C000521:cutin; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
keywords: crop; cutin; cytochrome P450; environment; protective envelope; stress; suberin