title: A longitudinal analysis of cigarette prices in military retail outlets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We conducted a longitudinal assessment of tobacco pricing in military retail outlets, including trends within each service branch.
  
  
  METHODS
  We determined the price of a single pack of Marlboro Red cigarettes at military retail stores located in the continental United States, Alaska, and Hawaii and at their nearest Walmarts in spring 2011 and 2013 (n = 128 for pairs available at both assessments).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average difference between cigarettes sold in military retail outlets and Walmarts decreased from 24.5% in 2011 to 12.5% in 2013. The decrease was partially attributable to significant price decreases at Walmarts. The largest increases in cigarette prices occurred on naval installations. Potential savings at stores on several installations remained substantial in 2013; the largest approached $6 per pack. Stores on 17 military installations decreased cigarette prices during the study period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tobacco can be purchased in military retail stores at substantial savings over civilian stores. If tobacco pricing is to cease to be an incentive for use among personnel, a revised military tobacco pricing policy is needed.
authors: Christopher Keith Haddock, Melissa L. Hyder, Walker S. C. Poston, and Sara A. Jahnke are with the Institute for Biobehavioral Health Research, National Development and Research Institutes Inc, Leawood, KS. Larry N. Williams is with the College of Dental Medicine-Illinois, Midwestern University, Downers Grove. Harry Lando is with the Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
authors: Christopher Keith
authors: CK
authors: Haddock
authors: Melissa L
authors: ML
authors: Hyder
authors: Walker S C
authors: WS
authors: Poston
authors: Sara A
authors: SA
authors: Jahnke
authors: Larry N
authors: LN
authors: Williams
authors: Harry
authors: H
authors: Lando
mesh_terms: D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D058749:Military Facilities / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D062789:Tobacco Products / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology