title: Use of graphene as protection film in biological environments.
abstract: Corrosion of metal in biomedical devices could cause serious health problems to patients. Currently ceramics coating materials used in metal implants can reduce corrosion to some extent with limitations. Here we proposed graphene as a biocompatible protective film for metal potentially for biomedical application. We confirmed graphene effectively inhibits Cu surface from corrosion in different biological aqueous environments. Results from cell viability tests suggested that graphene greatly eliminates the toxicity of Cu by inhibiting corrosion and reducing the concentration of Cu(2+) ions produced. We demonstrated that additional thiol derivatives assembled on graphene coated Cu surface can prominently enhance durability of sole graphene protection limited by the defects in graphene film. We also demonstrated that graphene coating reduced the immune response to metal in a clinical setting for the first time through the lymphocyte transformation test. Finally, an animal experiment showed the effective protection of graphene to Cu under in vivo condition. Our results open up the potential for using graphene coating to protect metal surface in biomedical application.
authors: Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.
authors: Weixia
authors: W
authors: Zhang
authors: 1] Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States [2].
authors: Sudarat
authors: S
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.
authors: Kelly L
authors: KL
authors: McNear
authors: 1] Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States [2] Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, United States.
authors: Ting Fung
authors: TF
authors: Chung
authors: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
authors: Seunghyun
authors: S
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
authors: Kyunghoon
authors: K
authors: Lee
authors: 1] Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States [2] The Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.
authors: Scott A
authors: SA
authors: Crist
authors: 1] Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States [2] The Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States [3] College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.
authors: Timothy L
authors: TL
authors: Ratliff
authors: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
authors: Zhaohui
authors: Z
authors: Zhong
authors: 1] Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States [2] Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, United States [3] School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.
authors: Yong P
authors: YP
authors: Chen
authors: 1] Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States [2] Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.
authors: Chen
authors: C
authors: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D003300:Copper / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007477:Ions / Q000737:chemistry; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D007477:Ions; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D006108:Graphite; D003300:Copper