title: Autonomic dysfunction assessed by EZSCAN and subclinical atherosclerosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The present study aimed to explore the association between autonomic dysfunction and measurements of atherosclerosis in a middle-aged and elderly Chinese population.
  
  
  METHODS
  A population-based cross-sectional study was performed in Shanghai, China, from March to August 2010, with 5076 participants included in the analysis. Autonomic function was assessed by a novel EZSCAN test based on sudomotor function analysis. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) was measured using B-mode ultrasonography and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (ba-PWV) was measured using an autonomic device. Participants were divided into three groups based on EZSCAN values: Group 1: EZSCAN 0-24; Group 2, EZSCAN 25-49; and Group 3, EZSCAN 50-100. These groups denoted autonomic dysfunction risk groups as follows: no risk, moderate risk and high risk, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of elevated CIMT and ba-PWV increased markedly with increasing EZSCAN values (elevated CIMT 7.4%, 17.5%, and 29.7%, elevated ba-PWV 3.2%, 19.7%, and 36.5%, in Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively; both Ptrend < 0.0001). Logistic regressions revealed that EZSCAN values ≥50 were associated with a non-significantly higher risk of elevated CIMT (odds ratio [OR] = 1.43; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.98-2.07) and a significantly higher risk of elevated ba-PWV (OR = 2.16; 95% CI 1.25-3.71) compared with EZSCAN values <25, after controlling for conventional risk factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A higher EZSCAN value (≥50), an index of high autonomic dysfunction risk, was associated with an increased risk of elevated ba-PWV and CIMT. Such associations were partially explained by traditional atherosclerotic risk factors.
authors: Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, E-Institute of Shanghai Universities, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors: Jichao
authors: J
authors: Sun
authors: Yinfei
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Baihui
authors: B
authors: Xu
authors: Xiaofei
authors: X
authors: Lv
authors: Lin
authors: L
authors: Ding
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Chen
authors: Wanwan
authors: W
authors: Sun
authors: Jieli
authors: J
authors: Lu
authors: Min
authors: M
authors: Xu
authors: Yufang
authors: Y
authors: Bi
authors: Guang
authors: G
authors: Ning
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D055109:Ankle Brachial Index; D058070:Asymptomatic Diseases; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001342:Autonomic Nervous System Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D002712:Chlorides / Q000032:analysis; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D063177:Pulse Wave Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D013542:Sweat / Q000737:chemistry; D013545:Sweat Glands / Q000294:innervation*
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides
keywords: EZSCAN test; atherosclerosis; autonomic dysfunction; brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity; carotid intima-media thickness; 关键词：动脉粥样硬化，自主神经紊乱，肱踝脉搏波传导速度，颈动脉内中膜厚度，EZSCAN 检测