title: Quantitative phosphoproteomics unveils temporal dynamics of thrombin signaling in human endothelial cells.
abstract: Thrombin is the key serine protease of the coagulation cascade and a potent trigger of protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1)-mediated platelet aggregation. In recent years, PAR1 has become an appealing target for anticoagulant therapies. However, the inhibitors that have been developed so far increase bleeding risk in patients, likely because they interfere with endogenous PAR1 signaling in the endothelium. Because of its complexity, thrombin-induced signaling in endothelial cells has remained incompletely understood. Here, we have combined stable isotope amino acids in cell culture, affinity-based phosphopeptide enrichment, and high-resolution mass spectrometry and performed a time-resolved analysis of the thrombin-induced signaling in human primary endothelial cells. We identified 2224 thrombin-regulated phosphorylation sites, the majority of which have not been previously related to thrombin. Those sites were localized on proteins that are novel to thrombin signaling, but also on well-known players such as PAR1, Rho-associated kinase 2, phospholipase C, and proteins related to actin cytoskeleton, cell-cell junctions, and Weibel-Palade body release. Our study provides a unique resource of phosphoproteins and phosphorylation sites that may generate novel insights into an intimate understanding of thrombin-mediated PAR signaling and the development of improved PAR1 antagonists that affect platelet but not endothelial cell function.
authors: Department of Plasma Proteins, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
authors: Maartje
authors: M
authors: van den Biggelaar
authors: Juan Ramon
authors: JR
authors: Hernández-Fernaud
authors: Bart L
authors: BL
authors: van den Eshof
authors: Lisa J
authors: LJ
authors: Neilson
authors: Alexander B
authors: AB
authors: Meijer
authors: Koen
authors: K
authors: Mertens
authors: Sara
authors: S
authors: Zanivan
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D022005:Adherens Junctions / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008954:Models, Biological; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D040901:Proteomics; D044463:Receptor, PAR-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013917:Thrombin / Q000378:metabolism*; D019108:Tight Junctions / Q000378:metabolism; D020302:Weibel-Palade Bodies / Q000378:metabolism; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D044463:Receptor, PAR-1; C066737:RHOA protein, human; D013917:Thrombin; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein