title: Dietary quality and 6-year anthropometric changes in a sample of French middle-aged overweight and obese adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Understanding the role of dietary quality in the progression of adiposity in populations already affected by overweight or obesity is crucial for the guidance of secondary prevention strategies.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the association of diet quality, as reflected by the French Nutrition and Health Programme (Programme National Nutrition Santé, PNNS)-Guideline Score (GS), with 6-year-changes in weight and waist circumference.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were 1029 male and 450 female participants of the SUplémentation en VItamines et Minéraux AntioXydants (SU.VI.MAX) cohort (1994-2002) with anthropometric variables at baseline and follow-up and available data for estimating diet quality at baseline. We employed analysis of variance and covariance models to investigate anthropometric changes (% of the initial value) by categories of the PNNS-GS, which contains both dietary components and a physical activity component, and of a modified score (mPNNS-GS) containing dietary components only.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In men, a low (<6 points) PNNS-GS was associated with greater 6-year weight gain (adjusted mean: 3.63% [95% confidence interval: 2.87%; 4.39%]) as compared to a high (≥9 points) PNNS-GS (2.10% [1.39%; 2.81%]); p = 0.01. Results for the mPNNS-GS were very similar. In women, no associations between diet scores and weight change were observed. No significant relation between dietary quality and change in waist circumference was present among either men or women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results support a beneficial role of high dietary quality--as characterized by good adherence to official French nutritional guidelines--in secondary obesity prevention, among men.
authors: Université Paris 13 Sorbonne Paris Cité, UREN (Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit), Inserm (U557), Inra (U1125), Cnam, Bobigny, France.
authors: Karen E
authors: KE
authors: Assmann
authors: Université Paris 13 Sorbonne Paris Cité, UREN (Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit), Inserm (U557), Inra (U1125), Cnam, Bobigny, France.
authors: Camille
authors: C
authors: Lassale
authors: Université Paris 13 Sorbonne Paris Cité, UREN (Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit), Inserm (U557), Inra (U1125), Cnam, Bobigny, France.
authors: Pilar
authors: P
authors: Galan
authors: Université Paris 13 Sorbonne Paris Cité, UREN (Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit), Inserm (U557), Inra (U1125), Cnam, Bobigny, France ; Département de Santé Publique, Hôpital Avicenne, Bobigny, France.
authors: Serge
authors: S
authors: Hercberg
authors: Université Paris 13 Sorbonne Paris Cité, UREN (Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit), Inserm (U557), Inra (U1125), Cnam, Bobigny, France.
authors: Emmanuelle
authors: E
authors: Kesse-Guyot
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D004032:Diet / Q000592:standards*; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*