title: Modulation of antibody responses against Gnathostoma spinigerum in mice immunized with crude antigen formulated in CpG oligonucleotide and montanide ISA720.
abstract: This study aimed to investigate the antibody responses in mice immunized with Gnathostoma spinigerum crude antigen (GsAg) incorporated with the combined adjuvant, a synthetic oligonucleotide containing unmethylated CpG motif (CpG ODN 1826) and a stable water in oil emulsion (Montanide ISA720). Mice immunized with GsAg and combined adjuvant produced all antibody classes and subclasses to GsAg except IgA. IgG2a/2b/3 but not IgG1 subclasses were enhanced by immunization with CpG ODN 1826 when compared with the control groups immunized with non-CpG ODN and Montanide ISA or only with Montanide ISA, suggesting a biased induction of a Th1-type response by CpG ODN. After challenge infection with live G. spinigerum larvae, the levels of IgG2a/2b/3 antibody subclasses decreased immediately and continuously, while the IgG1 subclass remained at high levels. This also corresponded to a continuous decrease of the IgG2a/IgG1 ratio after infection. Only IgM and IgG1 antibodies, but not IgG2a/2b/3, were significantly produced in adjuvant control groups after infection. These findings suggest that G. spinigerum infection potently induces a Th2-type biased response.
authors: Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. ; Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
authors: Pewpan M
authors: PM
authors: Intapan
authors: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
authors: Chakrit
authors: C
authors: Hirunpetcharat
authors: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
authors: Churairat
authors: C
authors: Kularbkaew
authors: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
authors: Wiboonchai
authors: W
authors: Yutanawiboonchai
authors: Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. ; Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
authors: Penchom
authors: P
authors: Janwan
authors: Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. ; Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
authors: Wanchai
authors: W
authors: Maleewong
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D000909:Antibodies, Helminth / Q000097:blood*; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*; D006039:Gnathostoma / Q000276:immunology*; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008353:Mannitol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D051379:Mice; D009829:Oleic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000909:Antibodies, Helminth; D000947:Antigens, Helminth; C408982:CPG-oligonucleotide; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D009829:Oleic Acids; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; C001681:mannide monooleate; D008353:Mannitol
keywords: CpG oligonucleotide; Gnathostoma spinigerum; Th1-type response; Th2-type response; immunity; nematode