title: Atorvastatin for ovarian torsion: effects on follicle counts, AMH, and VEGF expression.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if atorvastatin protects ovarian follicles against ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury and to determine how anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) expression is altered.
  
  
  METHODS
  This experimental study was conducted at the Baskent University Animal Research Laboratory. Forty-four rats were arbitrarily assigned into four groups of 11 rats each. The control group underwent a laparotomy. The atorvastatin group received atorvastatin (10mg/kg/day), by oral gavage 7 days before and 7 days after the sham operation. The torsion group had bilateral torsion and detorsion of the ovaries. The atorvastatin+torsion group received atorvastatin (10mg/kg/day) 7 days before and 7 days after the torsion/detorsion operation. At day 7, the animals were euthanized and their ovaries were removed. Ovarian follicles were counted, and AMH and VEGF-A expression was determined. The Kruskal-Wallis, χ(2), or Fisher's exact test were used when appropriate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Primordial follicles (p=0.001), VEGF-A expression (p=0.018) and vascularization (p=0.02) were significantly higher in the atorvastatin group compared to controls. Primordial (p=0.002), primary (p=0.001), and secondary follicles (p=0.001), AMH expression (p=0.001), and vascularization (p=0.001) were lower in the torsion group compared with the control group. Primordial follicles (p=0.001), AMH (p=0.001) and VEGFA expression (p=0.001), and vascularization (p=0.001) were significantly higher in the atorvastatin+torsion group compared to the torsion group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Atorvastatin increased the primordial follicle pool and vascularization and protected primordial follicles and vascular structures against I/R injury.
authors: Baskent University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: ayseparlakgumus@yahoo.de.
authors: H Ayse
authors: HA
authors: Parlakgumus
authors: Baskent University, Department of Pathology, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: Filiz
authors: F
authors: Aka Bolat
authors: Baskent University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: Esra
authors: E
authors: Bulgan Kilicdag
authors: Baskent University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: Erhan
authors: E
authors: Simsek
authors: Baskent University, Department of General Surgery, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: Alper
authors: A
authors: Parlakgumus
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D000069059:Atorvastatin; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005260:Female; D006538:Heptanoic Acids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007511:Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism; D010049:Ovarian Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014102:Torsion Abnormality / Q000188:drug therapy*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006538:Heptanoic Acids; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D011758:Pyrroles; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C467498:vascular endothelial growth factor A, rat; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone; D000069059:Atorvastatin
keywords: AMH; Atorvastatin; Ovarian torsion; VEGFA