title: Sensing the hybrid--a novel PAMP for TLR9.
abstract: The host immune response is initiated by pattern recognition receptors (PRR) when triggered by specific ligands known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP). Toll-like receptor 9 is highly expressed in plasmacytoid dendritic cells and is well described as a PRR for CpG DNA which induce the production of cytokines and type I interferons. In this issue of The EMBO Journal, Rigby et al identify RNA-DNA hybrids as a novel PAMP specifically recognized by TLR9 in dendritic cells.
authors: Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors: Søren B
authors: SB
authors: Jensen
authors: Søren R
authors: SR
authors: Paludan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology*; D018448:Models, Immunological; D009692:Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology*; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009692:Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9