title: Severity of periodontal disease in adult patients with diabetes mellitus in relation to the type of diabetes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate associations between diabetes mellitus - related factors and periodontal parameters among adult patients with diabetes mellitus, with respect to type of diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Study participants were 179 randomly selected 18-62-year-aged patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 87 randomly selected 32-70-year-aged patients with type 2 diabetes. Metabolic control of diabetes was determined by the values of glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c). The periodontal status of all patients was evaluated by simplifying oral debris index (DI-S), probing pocket depth (PPD), gingival recession (GR), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BOP). Data analysis was performed with respect to patients' age, diabetes duration, metabolic control level, and diabetes type. Binary regression was used to test relationship of various parameters with CAL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All periodontal estimates were significantly higher among patients with type 2 diabetes. The periodontal disease was more severe in >45-year-aged participants and with DI-S>1. In patients with type 1 diabetes, the disease duration >12 years was negatively related to most periodontal parameters. No significant correlation between the periodontal estimates and HbA1c was observed in either group. The significant predictors of severe periodontal disease were type 2 diabetes mellitus (OR = 2.356), duration of disease (OR = 1.827), high BOP (OR = 3.343) and DI-S (OR = 2.958).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Severity of periodontal disease is related to diabetes type, being more pronounced in patients with type 2 diabetes patients than in patients with type 1 diabetes. Dental plaque seems to be the major contributing factor for all patients with progressive periodontitis.
authors: Department of Dental and Oral Pathology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 2, 50009-Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors: Alma
authors: A
authors: Pranckeviciene
authors: Jolanta
authors: J
authors: Siudikiene
authors: Rytas
authors: R
authors: Ostrauskas
authors: Vita
authors: V
authors: Machiulskiene
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000150:complications*; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human