title: A practical guide to culturing mouse and human bone marrow stromal cells.
abstract: Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs, frequently also called MSCs) represent a cell population within the bone marrow, a subset of which contains multipotent stem cells. Their primary role is to produce and maintain both bone tissue and bone marrow microenvironment necessary for hematopoiesis. The latter is achieved by secreting a wide variety of different cytokines and growth factors, many of which also have a regulatory role in immune processes. BMSCs have recently been introduced into the field of immunobiology after their successful clinical use in GVHD was reported in 2004. Since then, numerous studies confirmed and expanded the knowledge on the immunosuppressive potential of BMSCs in various in vitro and in vivo models. Although the immunomodulatory capacity of BMSCs is well established, there are still many unanswered questions regarding the cytokines, chemokines, receptors, and molecular pathways that play a role in this effect. To study these cells and answer many of the questions, researchers must be able to reliably and reproducibly isolate, culture, and use these cells. Below a practical guide on how to culture and characterize mouse and human BMSCs, which can then be applied in various in vitro and in vivo assays, is provided.
authors: Adult Stem Cell Section, Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Nemeth
authors: Adult Stem Cell Section, Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Mayer
authors: Adult Stem Cell Section, Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors: B J
authors: BJ
authors: Sworder
authors: Adult Stem Cell Section, Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors: S A
authors: SA
authors: Kuznetsov
authors: Adult Stem Cell Section, Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Mezey
mesh_terms: D050156:Adipogenesis; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D010012:Osteogenesis; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
keywords: bone marrow stromal cells; culture; immunomagnetic separation; isolation; mesenchymal stem cells; osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation