title: Gramella planctonica sp. nov., a zeaxanthin-producing bacterium isolated from surface seawater, and emended descriptions of Gramella aestuarii and Gramella echinicola.
abstract: A Gram-stain negative, strictly aerobic, zeaxanthin-producing, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacterial strain which is motile by gliding, designated CC-AMWZ-3(T), was isolated from surface seawater off coastal Kending, Taiwan. Strain CC-AMWZ-3(T) was found to share 93.3 % and 96.0-92.4 % pairwise 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Gramella echinicola KMM 6050(T) and other Gramella species, respectively, and formed distinct phyletic lineage during phylogenetic analysis. The major fatty acids were identified as C16:0, iso-C15:0, anteiso-C15:0, C16:1 ω6c and/or C16:1 ω7c and iso-C17:1 ω9c and/or C16:0 10-methyl. Polar lipids were found to include phosphatidylethanolamine, six unidentified lipids and three unidentified aminolipids. The DNA G+C content was determined to be 40.6 mol%. Menaquinone-6 was the sole respiratory quinone identified and triamine-sym-homospermidine was the predominant polyamine. Based on the polyphasic characteristics that are in line with those of Gramella species, in addition to distinguishing phylogenetic and phenotypic features, strain CC-AMWZ-3(T) appears to represent a novel species of the genus Gramella, for which the name Gramella planctonica sp. nov. (type strain CC-AMWZ-3(T) = JCM 18807(T) = BCRC 80553(T)) is proposed. In addition, emended descriptions of the species Gramella aestuarii and Gramella echinicola are also proposed.
authors: Department of Soil & Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
authors: Mariyam
authors: M
authors: Shahina
authors: Asif
authors: A
authors: Hameed
authors: Shih-Yao
authors: SY
authors: Lin
authors: Ren-Jye
authors: RJ
authors: Lee
authors: Maw-Rong
authors: MR
authors: Lee
authors: Chiu-Chung
authors: CC
authors: Young
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D041965:Flavobacteriaceae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D008124:Locomotion; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000032:analysis; D010802:Phylogeny; D011809:Quinones / Q000032:analysis; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012623:Seawater / Q000382:microbiology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013624:Taiwan; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000378:metabolism*; D065146:Zeaxanthins
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005227:Fatty Acids; D010743:Phospholipids; D011809:Quinones; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D024341:Xanthophylls; D065146:Zeaxanthins