title: Correlation between subacute sensorimotor deficits and brain edema in two mouse models of intracerebral hemorrhage.
abstract: Formation of brain edema after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is highly associated with its poor outcome. However, the relationship between cerebral edema and behavioral deficits has not been thoroughly examined in the preclinical setting. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the ability of common sensorimotor tests to predict the extent of brain edema in two mouse models of ICH. One hundred male CD-1 mice were subjected to sham surgery or ICH induction via intrastriatal injection of either autologous blood (30 μL) or bacterial collagenase (0.0375U or 0.075U). At 24 and 72 h after surgery, animals underwent a battery of behavioral tests, including the modified Garcia neuroscore (Neuroscore), corner turn test (CTT), forelimb placing test (FPT), wire hang task (WHT) and beam walking (BW). Brain edema was evaluated via the wet weight/dry weight method. Intrastriatal injection of autologous blood or bacterial collagenase resulted in a significant increase in brain water content and associated sensorimotor deficits (p<0.05). A significant correlation between brain edema and sensorimotor deficits was observed for all behavioral tests except for WHT and BW. Based on these findings, we recommend implementing the Neuroscore, CTT and/or FPT in preclinical studies of unilateral ICH in mice.
authors: Department of Physiology & Pharmacology Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
authors: Paul R
authors: PR
authors: Krafft
authors: Department of Physiology & Pharmacology Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
authors: Devin W
authors: DW
authors: McBride
authors: Department of Physiology & Pharmacology Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
authors: Tim
authors: T
authors: Lekic
authors: Department of Physiology & Pharmacology Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
authors: William B
authors: WB
authors: Rolland
authors: Department of Physiology & Pharmacology Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
authors: Charles E
authors: CE
authors: Mansell
authors: Department of Physiology & Pharmacology Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
authors: Qingyi
authors: Q
authors: Ma
authors: Department of Physiology & Pharmacology Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
authors: Jiping
authors: J
authors: Tang
authors: Department of Physiology & Pharmacology Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA. Electronic address: johnzhang3910@yahoo.com.
authors: John H
authors: JH
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001804:Blood Transfusion, Autologous / Q000009:adverse effects; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000209:etiology*; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology*; D017364:Collagenases / Q000633:toxicity; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005106:Exploratory Behavior; D020233:Gait Disorders, Neurologic / Q000209:etiology*; D006406:Hematoma / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009043:Motor Activity; D053580:Muscle Strength; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011434:Proprioception / Q000502:physiology; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D013997:Time Factors; D014738:Vibrissae / Q000294:innervation
chemical_list: D017364:Collagenases
keywords: Brain edema; Experimental model; Intracerebral hemorrhage; Mice; Neurobehavior