title: Cross-reactivity between Anisakis spp. and wasp venom allergens.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anisakiasis is caused by the consumption of raw or undercooked fish or cephalopods parasitized by live L3 larvae of nematode Anisakis spp. Larvae anchor to stomach mucosa releasing excretion/secretion products which contain the main allergens. It has been described that nematode larvae release venom allergen-like proteins among their excretion/secretion products. We investigated potential cross-reactivity between Anisakis and wasp venom allergens.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two groups of 25 patients each were studied: wasp venom- and Anisakis-allergic patients. Sera from patients were tested by ImmunoCAP, dot-blotting with recombinant Anisakis allergens and ADVIA-Centaur system with Hymenoptera allergens. Cross-reactivity was assessed by IgE immunoblotting inhibition assays. Role of cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCDs) was studied by inhibition with bromelain and periodate treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 40% of wasp venom-allergic patients had specific IgE to Anisakis simplex and 20% detected at least one of the Anisakis recombinant allergens tested. Likewise, 44% of Anisakis-allergic patients had specific IgE to Vespula spp. venom and 16% detected at least one of the Hymenoptera allergens tested. Wasp venom-allergic patients detected CCDs in Anisakis extract and peptide epitopes on Anisakis allergens rAni s 1 and rAni s 9, whereas Anisakis-allergic patients only detected CCDs on nVes v 1 allergen from Vespula spp. venom. The only Anisakis allergen inhibited by Vespula venom was rAni s 9.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first time that cross-sensitization between wasp venom and Anisakis is described. CCDs are involved in both cases; however, peptide epitopes are only recognized by wasp venom-allergic patients.
authors: Department of Immunology, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Rosa
authors: R
authors: Rodríguez-Pérez
authors: Rafael I
authors: RI
authors: Monsalve
authors: Agustin
authors: A
authors: Galán
authors: Teresa
authors: T
authors: Perez-Piñar
authors: Ana
authors: A
authors: Umpierrez
authors: Magdalena
authors: M
authors: Lluch-Bernal
authors: Francisco
authors: F
authors: Polo
authors: María Luisa
authors: ML
authors: Caballero
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D017163:Anisakis / Q000276:immunology*; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000276:immunology*; D003429:Cross Reactions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014862:Wasp Venoms / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000947:Antigens, Helminth; D014862:Wasp Venoms; D007073:Immunoglobulin E