title: Targeting bone metastatic cancer: Role of the mTOR pathway.
abstract: One of the great challenges of cancer medicine is to develop effective treatments for bone metastatic cancer. Most patients with advanced solid tumors will develop bone metastasis and will suffer from skeletal related events associated with this disease. Although some therapies are available to manage symptoms derived from bone metastases, an effective treatment has not been developed yet. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway regulates cell growth and survival. Alterations in mTOR signaling have been associated with pathological malignancies, including bone metastatic cancer. Inhibition of mTOR signaling might therefore be a promising alternative for bone metastatic cancer management. This review summarizes the current knowledge on mTOR pathway signaling in bone tissue and provides an overview on the known effects of mTOR inhibition in bone cancer, both in in vitro and in vivo models.
authors: Department of Medicine, Universita' di Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Bertoldo
authors: Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Clinical Oncology, University of Bari 'A. Moro', Bari, Italy.
authors: Franco
authors: F
authors: Silvestris
authors: Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy.
authors: Toni
authors: T
authors: Ibrahim
authors: Division Oncology, Regina Elena Institute, Rome, Italy.
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Cognetti
authors: UO Multidisciplinare di Patologia Mammaria, US Terapia Molecolare e Farmacogenomica, AZ. Istituti Ospitalieri di Cremona, Cremona, Italy.
authors: Daniele
authors: D
authors: Generali
authors: Supportive Care in Cancer Unit, Department of Hematology and Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
authors: Carla Ida
authors: CI
authors: Ripamonti
authors: Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy.
authors: Dino
authors: D
authors: Amadori
authors: Division of Medical Senology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
authors: Marco Angelo
authors: MA
authors: Colleoni
authors: Oncologia Medica 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padova, Italy.
authors: Pierfranco
authors: P
authors: Conte
authors: UO Sviluppo Terapie Innovative, IRCCS AOU San Martino, IST, National Institute for Cancer Research, Genoa, Italy.
authors: Lucia
authors: L
authors: Del Mastro
authors: Department of Endocrinology and Molecular and Clinical Oncology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
authors: Sabino
authors: S
authors: De Placido
authors: Oncology Unit, IRCC Candiolo, Torino, Italy.
authors: Cinzia
authors: C
authors: Ortega
authors: Department of Medical Oncology, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: d.santini@unicampus.it.
authors: Daniele
authors: D
authors: Santini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D001842:Bone and Bones; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics*; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C546842:MTOR protein, human; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D020123:Sirolimus
keywords: Bone metastatic cancer; Cellular signaling; Everolimus; Osteoblast; Osteoclast; mTOR