title: C-phycocyanin prevents cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity through inhibition of oxidative stress.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the antioxidant C-phycocyanin (C-PC, 5-30 mg kg(-1) i.p.) was able to prevent cisplatin (CP, 18 mg kg(-1) i.p.) induced nephrotoxicity by reducing oxidative stress in CD-1 mice. Nephrotoxicity was assessed by measuring blood urea nitrogen, plasma glutathione peroxidase, plasma creatinine, the renal activity of N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase, apoptosis and histopathological changes. Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring the content of glutathione, malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxynonenal and oxidized proteins in renal tissue. C-PC prevented CP-induced renal damage and oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, C-PC prevented the decrease in the renal activity of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase and catalase induced by cisplatin. In vitro assays showed that C-PC was an effective scavenger of the following reactive species: hypochlorous acid, peroxynitrite anions, peroxyl radicals, diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, hydroxyl radicals, superoxide anions, singlet oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. It is concluded that the protective effect of the nutraceutical C-PC against CP-induced nephrotoxicity was associated with the attenuation of oxidative stress and the preservation of the activity of antioxidant enzymes.
authors: Department of Biology, Facultad de Química, UNAM, Ciudad Universitaria, México D.F. 04510, Mexico. pedraza@unam.mx.
authors: Berenice
authors: B
authors: Fernández-Rojas
authors: Omar Noel
authors: ON
authors: Medina-Campos
authors: Rogelio
authors: R
authors: Hernández-Pando
authors: Mario
authors: M
authors: Negrette-Guzmán
authors: Sara
authors: S
authors: Huerta-Yepez
authors: José
authors: J
authors: Pedraza-Chaverri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010798:Phycocyanin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D053545:Spirulina / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D010798:Phycocyanin; D002945:Cisplatin