title: Developmental coordination disorders: state of art.
abstract: In the literature, descriptions of children with motor coordination difficulties and clumsy movements have been discussed since the early 1900s. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV), it is a marked impairment in the development of fine or global motor coordination, affecting 6% of school-age children. All these children are characterized for developmental coordination disorder (DCD) in motor learning and new motor skill acquisition, in contrast to adult apraxia which is a disorder in the execution of already learned movements. No consensus has been established about etiology of DCD. Intragroup approach through factor and cluster analysis highlights that motor impairment in DCD children varies both in severity and nature. Indeed, most studies have used screening measures of performance on some developmental milestones derived from global motor tests. A few studies have investigated different functions together with standardized assessments, such as neuromuscular tone and soft signs, qualitative and quantitative measures related to gross and fine motor coordination and the specific difficulties -academic, language, gnosic, visual motor/visual-perceptual, and attentional/executive- n order to allow a better identification of DCD subtypes with diagnostic criteria and to provide an understanding of the mechanisms and of the cerebral involvement.
authors: Paris Descartes University, 75006 Paris, France; Sorbonne Paris City, 75006 Paris, France; Inserm, UMR-S0669 Paris, 75014 Paris, France; University of Paris-Sud and Paris Descartes University, 75006 Paris, France; Cochin-Port Royal Hospital Paris Center, Department of Pediatrics, 75015 Paris, France; Department of Child Psychiatry, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France. Electronic address: laurence.vaivre-douret@inserm.fr.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Vaivre-Douret
mesh_terms: D001072:Apraxias / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D019957:Motor Skills Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology
keywords: Assessment; Comorbidities; Comorbidité; Critères diagnostiques; Developmental coordination disorder; Developmental dyspraxia; Diagnostic criteria; Dyspraxie développementale; Etiology; Sous-groupes; Subtypes; Trouble de l’acquisition de la coordination; Étiologie; Évaluation