title: Retinal angiography and colour Doppler of retrobulbar vessels in Takayasu arteritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a chronic, granulomatous, idiopathic, inflammatory disease that primarily affects large vessels. The objective of this study was to evaluate and describe the ocular manifestations of TA, correlating the resistivity and pressure in retrobulbar vessels by colour Doppler and retinal angiography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one patients with TA, 42 eyes, and 21 patients without TA (42 eyes) as control subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was performed in clinical practice. Patients with TA received complete ophthalmologic examination, fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography, and colour Doppler ultrasound to evaluate blood flow in the retrobulbar vessels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A statistical correlation was found between peak systolic velocity (PSV) in the ophthalmic artery (OA) and Heidelberg retinal angiography (HRA) examination results (p = 0.006), and resistivity index (RI) in the OA was abnormal in patients with long (average, 14 years) versus short (average, 5.5 years) onset time of the disease (p = 0.035). RI in the central retinal artery (CRA) was abnormal in patients with a long time of disease onset (mean 14.4 years) versus those with a short time (mean 4.6 years) of onset (p = 0.006).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The longer the onset of the disease, the more commonly the RI showed changes in the OA and CRA, and, to a lesser extent, in the short posterior ciliary artery. When abnormalities are observed in the HRA examination, abnormal PSV in the OA may be present. Doppler blood flow evaluation and HRA may have predictive value in all patients with TA as part of serial monitoring.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Escola Paulista de Medicina-UNIFESP, Brazil. Electronic address: kimblematos@hotmail.com.
authors: Kimble Teixeira Fonseca
authors: KT
authors: Matos
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Escola Paulista de Medicina-UNIFESP, Brazil.
authors: Tiago
authors: T
authors: Arantes
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology Escola Paulista de Medicina-UNIFESP, Brazil.
authors: Alexandre Wagner Silva
authors: AW
authors: Souza
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Escola Paulista de Medicina-UNIFESP, Brazil.
authors: Maria Helena Mandello Carvalhaes
authors: MH
authors: Ramos
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Escola Paulista de Medicina-UNIFESP, Brazil.
authors: Norma
authors: N
authors: Allemann
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Escola Paulista de Medicina-UNIFESP, Brazil.
authors: Cristina
authors: C
authors: Muccioli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D001794:Blood Pressure; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019842:Ciliary Arteries / Q000502:physiology*; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006801:Humans; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008875:Middle Aged; D009880:Ophthalmic Artery / Q000502:physiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology; D012161:Retinal Artery / Q000502:physiology*; D013625:Takayasu Arteritis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D007208:Indocyanine Green