title: Effect of candesartan on the expression of sclera-choroidal intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in hypercholesterolemic models.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of blocking the angiotensin II AT-1 receptor by the systemic administration of candesartan on the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in the sclera and choroid of hypercholesterolemic rabbits.
  
  
  METHODS
  New Zealand rabbits were divided into 3 groups, as follows: GI, which was fed a rabbit standard diet; GII, which was fed a hypercholesterolemic diet; and GIII, which received hypercholesterolemic diet plus candesartan. Samples of the rabbits' sclera and choroid were then studied by hematoxylin-eosin staining and histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analyses for intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Histological analysis of hematoxylin- and eosin-stained sclera and choroid revealed that macrophages were rarely present in GI, and GII had significantly increased macrophage numbers compared to GIII. Moreover, in GII, the sclera and choroid morphometry showed a significant increase in thickness in comparison to GI and GIII. GIII presented a significant increase in thickness in relation to GI. Sclera and choroid immunohistochemical analysis for intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression revealed a significant increase in immunoreactivity in GII in relation to GI and GIII. GIII showed a significant increase in immunoreactivity in relation to GI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Candesartan reduced the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and consequently macrophage accumulation in the sclera and choroid of hypercholesterolemic rabbits.
authors: Pontificia Universidade Católica do Paraná, CuritibaPR, Brazil, Pontificia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba/PR, Brazil.
authors: Rogil Jose de Almeida
authors: RJ
authors: Torres
authors: Centro Oftalmológico de Curitiba, CuritibaPR, Brazil, Centro Oftalmológico de Curitiba, Curitiba/PR, Brazil.
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Luchini
authors: Pontificia Universidade Católica do Paraná, CuritibaPR, Brazil, Pontificia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba/PR, Brazil.
authors: Regiane do Rocio de Almeida
authors: Rdo R
authors: Torres
authors: Univille, São Bento do SulSC, Brazil, Univille, São Bento do Sul/SC, Brazil.
authors: Luciano Rodrigo Silva de
authors: LR
authors: Oliveira
authors: Universidade Positivo, CuritibaPR, Brazil, Universidade Positivo, Curitiba/PR, Brazil.
authors: Caroline Luzia de Almeida
authors: CL
authors: Torres
authors: Universidade Positivo, CuritibaPR, Brazil, Universidade Positivo, Curitiba/PR, Brazil.
authors: Robson Antonio de Almeida
authors: RA
authors: Torres
authors: Pontificia Universidade Católica do Paraná, CuritibaPR, Brazil, Pontificia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba/PR, Brazil.
authors: Marcia
authors: M
authors: Olandoski
authors: Pontificia Universidade Católica do Paraná, CuritibaPR, Brazil, Pontificia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba/PR, Brazil.
authors: Seigo
authors: S
authors: Nagashima
authors: Pontificia Universidade Católica do Paraná, CuritibaPR, Brazil, Pontificia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba/PR, Brazil.
authors: Lucia de
authors: Ld
authors: Noronha
authors: Pontificia Universidade Católica do Paraná, CuritibaPR, Brazil, Pontificia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba/PR, Brazil.
authors: Dalton Bertolim
authors: DB
authors: Precoma
mesh_terms: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D002829:Choroid / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000187:drug effects*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits; D012016:Reference Values; D012590:Sclera / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects*; D013777:Tetrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D013777:Tetrazoles; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; C081643:candesartan