title: Antioxidant and protective mechanisms against hypoxia and hypoglycaemia in cortical neurons in vitro.
abstract: In the present work, we have studied whether cell death could be induced in cortical neurons from rats subjected to different period of O2 deprivation and low glucose (ODLG). This "in vitro" model is designed to emulate the penumbra area under ischemia. In these conditions, cortical neurons displayed loss of mitochondrial respiratory ability however, nor necrosis neither apoptosis occurred despite ROS production. The absence of cellular death could be a consequence of increased antioxidant responses such as superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) and GPX3. In addition, the levels of reduced glutathione were augmented and HIF-1/3α overexpressed. After long periods of ODLG (12-24 h) cortical neurons showed cellular and mitochondrial membrane alterations and did not recuperate cellular viability during reperfusion. This could mean that therapies directed toward prevention of cellular and mitochondrial membrane imbalance or cell death through mechanisms other than necrosis or apoptosis, like authophagy, may be a way to prevent ODLG damage.
authors: Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (U.C.M.) Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid 28040, Spain. josem2005@yahoo.es.
authors: José Joaquín
authors: JJ
authors: Merino
authors: Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (U.C.M.) Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid 28040, Spain. ceronce@ucm.es.
authors: César
authors: C
authors: Roncero
authors: Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (U.C.M.) Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid 28040, Spain. mjoset@ucm.es.
authors: María Jesús
authors: MJ
authors: Oset-Gasque
authors: Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, PO Box 22, Amman 11622, Jordan. drahmadnaddaf@hotmail.com.
authors: Ahmad
authors: A
authors: Naddaf
authors: Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (U.C.M.) Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid 28040, Spain. pilarg@farm.ucm.es.
authors: María Pilar
authors: MP
authors: González
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051793:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D051793:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV; D053148:Caspase 3