title: Hippocampal sclerosis and chronic epilepsy following posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome.
abstract: Chronic epilepsy has rarely been reported after posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) and the association with hippocampal sclerosis has been suggested only once before. We report the case of a girl admitted at the age of 8 years with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. On the second day of admission, she presented with focal complex seizures and cerebral MRI showed posterior encephalopathy and no hippocampal sclerosis. MRI after one month confirmed the diagnosis of PRES. The seizures recurred and the girl developed pharmacoresistant epilepsy and was admitted to our hospital for further investigation. Cerebral MRI three years after the diagnosis of PRES showed hippocampal sclerosis which was not present on the initial MRI. We conclude that there is a triggering role of PRES in the development of hippocampal sclerosis. Hippocampal sclerosis may have resulted from seizure-associated damage, alternatively, hypertensive encephalopathy may have led to hippocampal damage via a vascular mechanism.
authors: Department of Neurology.
authors: Viktoria
authors: V
authors: Kapina
authors: Department of Radiology, University Hospital and Medical School of Geneva.
authors: Maria-Isabel
authors: MI
authors: Vargas
authors: Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology, University Children's Hospital, Zurich.
authors: Gabriele
authors: G
authors: Wohlrab
authors: Department of Neurology.
authors: Serge
authors: S
authors: Vulliemoz
authors: Pediatric Neurology, Pediatric Subspecialty Service, Children's Hospital, University Hospital and Medical School of Geneva, Switzerland.
authors: Joel
authors: J
authors: Fluss
authors: Department of Neurology.
authors: Margitta
authors: M
authors: Seeck
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D020343:Hypertensive Encephalopathy / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D012598:Sclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*
keywords: complex partial seizures; epilepsy; hippocampal sclerosis; posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome