title: Structure-based programming of lymph-node targeting in molecular vaccines.
abstract: In cancer patients, visual identification of sentinel lymph nodes (LNs) is achieved by the injection of dyes that bind avidly to endogenous albumin, targeting these compounds to LNs, where they are efficiently filtered by resident phagocytes. Here we translate this 'albumin hitchhiking' approach to molecular vaccines, through the synthesis of amphiphiles (amph-vaccines) comprising an antigen or adjuvant cargo linked to a lipophilic albumin-binding tail by a solubility-promoting polar polymer chain. Administration of structurally optimized CpG-DNA/peptide amph-vaccines in mice resulted in marked increases in LN accumulation and decreased systemic dissemination relative to their parent compounds, leading to 30-fold increases in T-cell priming and enhanced anti-tumour efficacy while greatly reducing systemic toxicity. Amph-vaccines provide a simple, broadly applicable strategy to simultaneously increase the potency and safety of subunit vaccines.
authors: 1] Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA [2] Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA [3] Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
authors: Haipeng
authors: H
authors: Liu
authors: 1] Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA [2] Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
authors: Kelly D
authors: KD
authors: Moynihan
authors: 1] Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA [2] Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
authors: Yiran
authors: Y
authors: Zheng
authors: 1] Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA [2] Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
authors: Gregory L
authors: GL
authors: Szeto
authors: 1] Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA [2] Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
authors: Adrienne V
authors: AV
authors: Li
authors: 1] Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA [2] Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
authors: Bonnie
authors: B
authors: Huang
authors: Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
authors: Debra S
authors: DS
authors: Van Egeren
authors: Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
authors: Clara
authors: C
authors: Park
authors: 1] Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA [2] Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA [3] Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA [4] Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA [5] Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815, USA.
authors: Darrell J
authors: DJ
authors: Irvine
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D018899:CpG Islands / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D022223:Vaccines, Subunit; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic