title: Men navigating inward and outward through depression.
abstract: Understanding of depression among men remains poor. When compared to women, men remain under diagnosed for depression and continue to commit suicide four times the rate of women. This grounded theory study explored the social psychological process that occurred in men who suffered from depression. Nine men participated in the study that ranged in age, educational level, and marital status. The theory that emerged from this study was Navigating Inward and Outward Through Depression. This study uncovered six stages men navigated through: being different, concealing feelings disconnecting, hitting bottom, acknowledging and confronting and healing with others. This study advances our understanding of men and depression by providing meanings to the behaviors men express when depressed. Based on these findings, further research can lead to better screening tools and early diagnosis of depression in men.
authors: Gonzaga University, Spokane, WA. Electronic address: ramirez@gonzaga.edu.
authors: Jeffery L
authors: JL
authors: Ramirez
authors: University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ. Electronic address: tbadger@email.arizona.edu.
authors: Terry A
authors: TA
authors: Badger
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000451:nursing* / Q000523:psychology; D019263:Dysthymic Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000451:nursing* / Q000523:psychology; D005783:Gender Identity; D066296:Grounded Theory; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000523:psychology*; D011613:Psychotherapy; D012650:Self Disclosure; D012933:Social Identification; D012934:Social Isolation; D012944:Social Support