title: Report of recombinant norovirus GII.g/GII.12 in Beijing, China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Norovirus (NoV) has been recognized as the most important cause of nonbacterial acute gastroenteritis affecting all age group people in the world. Genetic recombination is a common occurance in RNA viruses and many recombinant NoV strains have been described since it was first reported in 1997. However, the knowledge of recombinant NoV in China is extremely limited.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 685 stool specimens were tested for NoV infection from the acute gastroenteritis patients who visited one general hospital in Beijing from April 2009 to November 2011. The virus recombination was identified by constructing phylogenetic trees of two genes, further SimPlot and the maximum chi-square analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall positive rate was 9.6% (66/685). GII.4 New Orleans 2009 and GII.4 2006b variants were the dominant genotype. Four GII.g/GII.12 and one GII.12/GII.3 recombinant strains were confirmed, and all derived from adult outpatients. The predictive recombination point occurred at the open reading frame (ORF)1/ORF2 overlap.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The GII.g ORF1/GII.12ORF2 recombinant has been reported in several countries and it was the first report of this recombinant in China.
authors: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China, ; Department of Infection Management and Disease Control, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors: Shaowei
authors: S
authors: Sang
authors: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China.
authors: Zhongtang
authors: Z
authors: Zhao
authors: Department of Infection Management and Disease Control, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors: Jijiang
authors: J
authors: Suo
authors: Department of Infection Management and Disease Control, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors: Yubin
authors: Y
authors: Xing
authors: Department of Infection Management and Disease Control, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors: Ning
authors: N
authors: Jia
authors: Department of Infection Management and Disease Control, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Gao
authors: Department of Infection Management and Disease Control, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors: Lijun
authors: L
authors: Xie
authors: Department of Infection Management and Disease Control, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors: Mingmei
authors: M
authors: Du
authors: Department of Infection Management and Disease Control, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors: Bowei
authors: B
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Infection Management and Disease Control, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors: Shiwang
authors: S
authors: Ren
authors: Department of Infection Management and Disease Control, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors: Yunxi
authors: Y
authors: Liu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017250:Caliciviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D029322:Norovirus / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D055815:Young Adult