title: [Urethral stricture in women].
abstract: To perform a bibliographic review on female urethra stenosis, following the criteria for evidence based medicine.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a PubMed Search with the following keywords; "female urethral stricture ","women urethral stricture","female urethral reconstruction "and " female urethral stricture treatment ",without time limits, both in English and Spanish languages.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Female urethra stenosis is a rare pathology, in which the working diagnosis is essential, as much as detailed physical examination, urodynamic study and radiological tests. We found in the literature a total of 73 cases treated with dilation with or without maintenance self catheterization, 120 cases treated with meatotomy, 65 cases treated by flap urethroplasty (46 with vaginal flap, 17 with vestibular flap and 12 with labia minora graft and 28 with oral mucosa grafts). There are not comparative studies between the various techniques, making it difficult to set up a therapeutic algorithm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The surgical treatment with flaps/grafts has the highest success rate; whereas less invasive procedures such as urethrotomy/meatotomy/dilations/self-catheterization should be reserved for short female urethra stenosis or women with high comorbidity.
authors: Servicio de Urologia. Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañon. Madrid.Spain.
authors: Gregorio
authors: G
authors: Escribano Patiño
authors: Adrian
authors: A
authors: Husillos Alonso
authors: Elena
authors: E
authors: Rodriguez Fernandez
authors: Maria Jose
authors: MJ
authors: Cancho Gil
authors: Carlos
authors: C
authors: Hernandez Fernandez
mesh_terms: D015897:Comorbidity; D003558:Cystoscopy; D004106:Dilatation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D057928:Intermittent Urethral Catheterization; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014521:Urethra / Q000293:injuries; D014525:Urethral Stricture / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D014546:Urinary Catheterization; D014563:Urodynamics; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*