title: Biomechanical comparison of two implants for the stabilization of incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle lesions in dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare biomechanical properties of (1) 4.5 mm cortical screws and Fitz Fenestrated Tubular Transcondylar (F2T2) screws; (2) normal humeri and humeri with an intracondylar osteotomy; and (3) humeri with an intracondylar osteotomy stabilized with either a 4.5 mm cortical screw or a F2T2 screw.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cadaveric biomechanical assessment.
  
  
  METHODS
  4.5 mm cortical screws (n = 10), 5.85 mm F2T2 screws (n = 10), and paired dog humeri (n = 40).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cortical and F2T2 screws were loaded to failure in 3-point bending. Ten pairs of humeri with or without an intracondylar osteotomy were axially loaded to failure. Ten additional pairs of humeri with an intracondylar osteotomy were alternately stabilized with a positional cortical or F2T2 screw and axially loaded to failure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean stiffness, yield load, and failure load was significantly greater (P < .001) for the F2T2 screws compared with cortical screws as well as for intact humeri compared with humeri with an intracondylar osteotomy (P < .001). There were no significant differences in mean stiffness (P = .59), yield load (P = .31), or failure load (P = .24) between humeri with stabilized intracondylar osteotomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Isolated F2T2 screws have superior mechanical properties to 4.5 mm cortical screws when loaded in 3-point bending. Intracondylar osteotomy adversely affected humeral mechanical integrity. Osteotomized humeri stabilized by either screw had comparable mechanical properties.
authors: Jason D
authors: JD
authors: Coggeshall
authors: Daniel D
authors: DD
authors: Lewis
authors: Noel
authors: N
authors: Fitzpatrick
authors: Bryan P
authors: BP
authors: Conrad
authors: Katy R
authors: KR
authors: Swanson
authors: Stanley E
authors: SE
authors: Kim
authors: Giovanni
authors: G
authors: Tremolada
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Pozzi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001863:Bone Screws / Q000662:veterinary*; D004285:Dogs / Q000601:surgery*; D006811:Humerus / Q000601:surgery*; D010012:Osteogenesis; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000662:veterinary*; D016474:Weight-Bearing