title: Lithium decreases plasma adiponectin levels in bipolar depression.
abstract: Lithium, a first line treatment for bipolar disorder (BD), has been associated with significant weight gain, but the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are still unclear. It has been suggested that changes in production/release of adipokines - molecules secreted by adipose tissue presenting anti-inflammatory (adiponectin) and pro-inflammatory (leptin, resistin) properties - might be implicated. Adiponectin, resistin and leptin were assessed in 25 acutely depressed BD individuals (88% medication-free and 68% treatment-naive) at baseline and after 6 weeks of lithium therapy, and in 23 healthy controls matched by age. The 21-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was used to assess depression severity. Levels of adiponectin significantly decreased after lithium monotherapy, while the levels of resistin and leptin remained stable after the follow-up period. Adipokine levels during depressive episodes in BD did not differ compared to controls. Pretreatment levels of leptin were higher in remitters and changes in resistin levels were negatively correlated to improvement of depressive symptoms with lithium. Our findings shed light in this pathophysiological process, which might be associated with metabolic syndrome, inflammation and other medical comorbidities in BD.
authors: Mood disorders Unit (GRUDA), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Brazil. Electronic address: marciogss@gmail.com.
authors: Márcio Gerhardt
authors: MG
authors: Soeiro-de-Souza
authors: National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, USA.
authors: Philip W
authors: PW
authors: Gold
authors: Service of Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation, Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center for Applied Neuromodulation, University Hospital, USP, Brazil.
authors: Andre R
authors: AR
authors: Brunoni
authors: Laboratory of Neuroscience, LIM-27, Department and Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Brazil.
authors: Rafael T
authors: RT
authors: de Sousa
authors: Laboratory of Neuroscience, LIM-27, Department and Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Brazil; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), USP, Brazil.
authors: Marcus V
authors: MV
authors: Zanetti
authors: Psychiatry Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Brazil.
authors: André F
authors: AF
authors: Carvalho
authors: Laboratory of Neuroscience, LIM-27, Department and Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Brazil; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), USP, Brazil.
authors: Wagner Farid
authors: WF
authors: Gattaz
authors: National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, USA; Laboratory of Neuroscience, LIM-27, Department and Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Brazil; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), USP, Brazil. Electronic address: machadovieirar@gmail.com.
authors: Rodrigo
authors: R
authors: Machado-Vieira
authors: Neuropsychiatry Branch, Neurology Division, University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil.
authors: Antônio Lúcio
authors: AL
authors: Teixeira
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008094:Lithium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D052243:Resistin / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D020738:Leptin; C499624:RETN protein, human; D052243:Resistin; D008094:Lithium
keywords: Adiponectin; Bipolar; Depression; Disorder; Lithium; Metabolic; Treatment