title: Comparative genomic hybridization identifies virulence differences in Streptococcus suis.
abstract: Streptococcus suis is an important zoonotic pathogen. However, identification of virulent S. suis strains is complicated because of the high diversity of the species. Here we evaluated the genetic difference among S. suis strains using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and virulence variation in vivo and in vitro. We showed that different clades differed in their ability to activate TLR2/6 in vitro and their capacity to induce cytokine production in vivo as well as their resistance to phagocytosis and survival in vivo. Our data showed the S. suis strains tested can be classified into three groups having differing levels of virulence: epidemic and highly virulent strains were clustered into clade Ia (epidemic and highly virulent group, E/HV group), virulent strains were clustered into clade Ib (virulent group, V group), and intermediately or weakly virulent strains were clustered into other clades (intermediately or weakly virulent group, I/WV group). Our study provided further insight into the genomic and virulence variation of S. suis.
authors: Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing, China.
authors: Han
authors: H
authors: Zheng
authors: School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors: Ruiting
authors: R
authors: Lan
authors: Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing, China.
authors: Xiao
authors: X
authors: Zheng
authors: Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing, China.
authors: Zhigang
authors: Z
authors: Cui
authors: Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing, China.
authors: Zhijie
authors: Z
authors: Liu
authors: Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing, China.
authors: Xuemei
authors: X
authors: Bai
authors: Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing, China.
authors: Shaobo
authors: S
authors: Ji
authors: Groupe de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses du Porc, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors: Marcelo
authors: M
authors: Gottschalk
authors: Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing, China.
authors: Jianguo
authors: J
authors: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000382:microbiology; D058491:Bacterial Load; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D055028:Comparative Genomic Hybridization; D005260:Female; D023281:Genomics; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D010802:Phylogeny; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D017011:Streptococcus suis / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D051216:Toll-Like Receptor 6 / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D051216:Toll-Like Receptor 6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha