title: Importance of Aspergillus spp. isolation in Acute exacerbations of severe COPD: prevalence, factors and follow-up: the FUNGI-COPD study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) are often associated with infectious agents, some of which may be non-usual, including Aspergillus spp. However, the importance of Aspergillus spp. in the clinical management of AECOPD still remains unclear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aims of the study were to analyze the prevalence and risk factors associated with Aspergillus spp. isolation in AECOPD, and to investigate the associated clinical outcomes during a 1-year follow-up period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients presenting with an AECOPD requiring hospitalization were prospectively included from four hospitals across Spain. Clinical, radiological and microbiological data were collected at admission and during the follow-up period (1, 6 and 12 months after discharge), and re-admissions and mortality data collected during the follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 240 patients with severe AECOPD were included. Valid sputum samples were obtained in 144 (58%) patients, and in this group, the prevalence of Aspergillus spp. isolation was 16.6% on admission and 14.1% at one-year follow-up. Multivariate logistic-regression showed that AECOPD in the previous year (OR 12.35; 95% CI, 1.9-29.1; p < 0.001), concurrent isolation of pathogenic bacteria (OR 3.64; 95% CI 1.65-9.45, p = 0.001) and concomitant isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (OR 2.80; 95% IC, 1.81-11.42; p = 0.001) were the main risk factors for Aspergillus spp. isolation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The main risk factors for Aspergillus spp. isolation were AECOPD in the previous year and concomitant isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. However, although Aspergillus spp. is often isolated in sputum samples from patients with AECOPD, the pathogenic and clinical significance remains unclear.
authors: Arturo
authors: A
authors: Huerta
authors: Nestor
authors: N
authors: Soler
authors: Mariano
authors: M
authors: Esperatti
authors: Mónica
authors: M
authors: Guerrero
authors: Rosario
authors: R
authors: Menendez
authors: Alexandra
authors: A
authors: Gimeno
authors: Rafael
authors: R
authors: Zalacaín
authors: Nuria
authors: N
authors: Mir
authors: Jose Maria
authors: JM
authors: Aguado
authors: Department of Pneumology, Institute of Thorax (ICT), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona (UB), CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES 06/06/0028), Villarroel 170, 08037 Barcelona, Spain. atorres@clinic.ub.es.
authors: Antoni
authors: A
authors: Torres
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001230:Aspergillus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index