title: The prevalence of Caenorhabditis elegans across 1.5 years in selected North German locations: the importance of substrate type, abiotic parameters, and Caenorhabditis competitors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a major model organism in diverse biological areas and well studied under laboratory conditions, little is known about its ecology. Therefore, characterization of the species' natural habitats should provide a new perspective on its otherwise well-studied biology. The currently best characterized populations are in France, demonstrating that C. elegans prefers nutrient- and microorganism-rich substrates such as rotting fruits and decomposing plant matter. In order to extend these findings, we sampled C. elegans continuously across 1.5 years from rotting apples and compost heaps in three North German locations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  C. elegans was found throughout summer and autumn in both years. It shares its habitat with the related nematode species C. remanei, which could thus represent an important competitor for a similar ecological niche. The two species were isolated from the same site, but rarely the same substrate sample. In fact, C. elegans was mainly found on compost and C. remanei on rotten apples, possibly suggesting niche separation. The occurrence of C. elegans itself was related to environmental humidity and rain, although the correlation was significant for only one sampling site each. Additional associations between nematode prevalence and abiotic parameters could not be established.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taken together, our findings vary from the previous results for French C. elegans populations in that the considered German populations always coexisted with the congeneric species C. remanei (rather than C. briggsae as in France) and that C. elegans prevalence can associate with humidity and rain (rather than temperature, as suggested for French populations). Consideration of additional locations and time points is thus essential for full appreciation of the nematode's natural ecology.
authors: Carola
authors: C
authors: Petersen
authors: Philipp
authors: P
authors: Dirksen
authors: Swantje
authors: S
authors: Prahl
authors: Eike Andreas
authors: EA
authors: Strathmann
authors: Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Genetics, Zoological Institute, Christian-Albrechts University, Am Botanischen Garten 1-9, 24118 Kiel, Germany. hschulenburg@zoologie.uni-kiel.de.
authors: Hinrich
authors: H
authors: Schulenburg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D044822:Biodiversity; D002107:Caenorhabditis / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D017753:Ecosystem; D005638:Fruit; D005858:Germany; D006813:Humidity; D027845:Malus; D011157:Population Dynamics; D011891:Rain; D012621:Seasons; D012987:Soil
chemical_list: D012987:Soil