title: Children with celiac disease are more likely to have attended hospital for prior respiratory syncytial virus infection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to examine the association between celiac disease (CD) and prior respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection or any viral bronchiolitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retrospective case-control study. During 2006-2008 small intestinal biopsy data were collected from Sweden's 28 pathology departments. We identified 3,835 children diagnosed with CD (villous atrophy, Marsh stage 3) before the age of 2 years in 1987 or later. Using conditional logistic regression we calculated odds ratios (ORs) for having a prior diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus or other viral bronchiolitis compared to 19,102 age- and sex-matched controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 3,835 children with CD, 36 (0.9 %) had a prior diagnosis of RSV compared to 117/19,102 (0.6 %) matched controls. This corresponded to an OR of 1.46 (95 % CI 1.03-2.07). ORs were similar in girls and boys. The highest ORs were seen in children developing early CD (before 1 year of age (OR 1.82; 95 % CI 0.91-3.62). Prior record of any type of viral bronchiolitis was found in 3.4 % (132/3,835) of individuals with CD and in 2.0 % (390/19,102) of the matched controls corresponding to an OR of 1.60 (95 % CI 1.33-1.92).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children with CD diagnosed <2 years of age were more likely to have attended hospital for a prior RSV infection or any viral bronchiolitis than other children.
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Kalmar County Hospital, 391 85, Kalmar, Sweden, annart@ltkalmar.se.
authors: Anna Röckert
authors: AR
authors: Tjernberg
authors: Jonas F
authors: JF
authors: Ludvigsson
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D001990:Bronchiolitis, Viral / Q000150:complications*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004386:Duodenum / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007583:Jejunum / Q000473:pathology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000150:complications*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors