title: Carbofuran promotes biochemical changes in carp exposed to rice field and laboratory conditions.
abstract: Effects of carbofuran commercial formulation on oxidative stress parameters were studied in carps (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to 50µg/L for 7 and 30 days under rice field and laboratory conditions. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels were increased in the brain of fish after 7 and 30 days under rice field and laboratory conditions. In the liver and muscle, TBARS levels increased after 7 and 30 days under laboratory conditions, whereas in rice field the levels increased only after 30 days. Protein carbonyl content in the liver increased after 7 and 30 days under both experimental conditions. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was decreased in the brain and muscle after 7 and 30 days under both experimental conditions evaluated. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased in the liver after 7 and 30 days under rice field condition, whereas under laboratory condition this enzyme increased only after 30 days. The catalase (CAT) activity in the liver decreased after 30 days under rice field condition, whereas no changes were observed under laboratory conditions. In rice field, glutathione S-transferase (GST) decreased after 7 days but increased after 30 days, whereas no change was observed in fish exposed to carbofuran under laboratory conditions. These results suggest that environmental relevant carbofuran concentrations may cause oxidative stress, affecting biochemical and enzymatic parameters on carps. Some parameters could be used as biomarkers to carbofuran exposure.
authors: Adaptive Biochemistry Laboratory, Pós-Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, 97105.900 RS, Brazil.
authors: Bárbara
authors: B
authors: Clasen
authors: Adaptive Biochemistry Laboratory, Pós-Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, 97105.900 RS, Brazil.
authors: Jossiele
authors: J
authors: Leitemperger
authors: Adaptive Biochemistry Laboratory, Pós-Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, 97105.900 RS, Brazil.
authors: Camila
authors: C
authors: Murussi
authors: Adaptive Biochemistry Laboratory, Pós-Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, 97105.900 RS, Brazil.
authors: Alexandra
authors: A
authors: Pretto
authors: Adaptive Biochemistry Laboratory, Pós-Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, 97105.900 RS, Brazil.
authors: Charlene
authors: C
authors: Menezes
authors: Adaptive Biochemistry Laboratory, Pós-Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, 97105.900 RS, Brazil.
authors: Fabrícia
authors: F
authors: Dalabona
authors: Department of Plant Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors: Enio
authors: E
authors: Marchezan
authors: LARP - Laboratory of Pesticide Residue Analysis, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors: Martha Bohrer
authors: MB
authors: Adaime
authors: LARP - Laboratory of Pesticide Residue Analysis, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors: Renato
authors: R
authors: Zanella
authors: Adaptive Biochemistry Laboratory, Pós-Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, 97105.900 RS, Brazil. Electronic address: vania.loro@gmail.com.
authors: Vania Lucia
authors: VL
authors: Loro
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects; D002235:Carbofuran / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D002347:Carps / Q000502:physiology*; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D004798:Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D009132:Muscles / Q000187:drug effects; D012275:Oryza; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D004798:Enzymes; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002235:Carbofuran
keywords: Antioxidants; Carbamate; Oxidative stress; Rice–fish; Toxicology