title: High hexacosanoic acid levels are associated with coronary artery disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Levels of saturated very long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) are associated with coronary risk factors, including metabolic syndrome (MS), atherogenic lipoproteins, and systemic inflammation. However, the relationship between circulating levels of saturated VLCFA and coronary artery disease (CAD) remains unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 100 consecutive CAD patients and 40 age-, gender-, and body mass index (BMI)-matched healthy control subjects. The levels of hexacosanoic acid (C26:0), a VLCFA, in whole blood were measured by gas-liquid chromatography mass spectrometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  C26:0 levels were significantly higher in the CAD group than in the control group (2.42±0.32 vs. 2.27±0.24 μg/ml, P=0.01) and positively correlated with BMI (r=0.23, P=0.008), triglyceride levels (r=0.22, P=0.01), and hypertension (P=0.01). CAD patients with MS showed the highest C26:0 levels adjusted by hematocrit. Furthermore, adjusted C26:0 levels in CAD patients without MS were higher than those in controls (P=0.02), suggesting that C26:0 levels increased with the presence of CAD independent of MS. Our multivariate analysis revealed that high C26:0 levels in whole blood is an independent marker for CAD even after adjustment for age, gender, BMI, lipid profiles, fasting plasma glucose, and blood pressure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High C26:0 levels in whole blood may be an independent marker for identifying the risks of CAD.
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan. Electronic address: tetsuro@juntendo.ac.jp.
authors: Tetsuro
authors: T
authors: Miyazaki
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
authors: Kazunori
authors: K
authors: Shimada
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
authors: Makoto
authors: M
authors: Hiki
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
authors: Atsumi
authors: A
authors: Kume
authors: Nutrition Research Department, Nutritional Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan.
authors: Yohei
authors: Y
authors: Kitamura
authors: Kemin Japan KK, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Kyoichi
authors: K
authors: Oshida
authors: Nutrition Research Department, Nutritional Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan.
authors: Naotake
authors: N
authors: Yanagisawa
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Kiyanagi
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
authors: Rie
authors: R
authors: Matsumori
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
authors: Hiroyuki
authors: H
authors: Daida
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015897:Comorbidity; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005227:Fatty Acids; D014280:Triglycerides; C017364:hexacosanoic acid
keywords: Coronary artery disease; Hexacosanoic acid; Metabolic syndrome; Peroxisomal dysfunction; Saturated very long-chain fatty acid