title: Spontaneous rupture of intracranial dermoid tumor in a patient with vertigo. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Congenital dermoid cysts are very rare, constituting less than 1% of intracranial tumors. Spontaneous rupture of dermoid tumor is a potentially serious complication that can lead to meningitis, seizures, cerebral ischemia and hydrocephalus. Occasionally, dermoid tumors are incidentally discovered on computed tomography (CT) of the brain or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) following unrelated clinical complaints. They are also discovered during radiologic investigations of unexplained headaches, seizures, and rarely olfactory delusions.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this report we describe a patient complaining of vertigo caused by spontaneous rupture of dermoid cyst, preoperatively diagnosed by CT and MRI. Cranial CT revealed a dense fatty lesion adjacent to the posterolateral parasellar region on the left with multiple small, dense fat droplets scattered in the subarachnoid space corresponding to a dermoid cyst rupture. Cranial MRI sections revealed a lesion with mixed-signal-intensity and multiple hyperintense droplets scattered through the cerebellar surface on the left. No enhancement was found on axial T1-weighted MRI after intravenous Gadolinium administration. Diffusion weighted image (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient map studies exhibited explicit restricted diffusion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Many studies and literature case reports concerning the rupture of dermoid cyst have been reported. However, multimodal imaging of this rare pathology in the same patient is uncommon. Although dermoid cysts are pathognomonic in appearance on a CT examination, the MRI is also of value in helping to understand the effect of extension and pressure of the mass. DWI is also important for support of the diagnosis and patient follow-up.
authors: Deparment of Radiology, Sakarya University Medical Faculty, Sakarya, Turkey.
authors: Kıyasettin
authors: K
authors: Asil
authors: Deparment of Radiology, Sakarya University Medical Faculty, Sakarya, Turkey.
authors: Yasemin
authors: Y
authors: Gunduz
authors: Deparment of Radiology, Sakarya University Medical Faculty, Sakarya, Turkey.
authors: Laçin Tatli
authors: LT
authors: Ayhan
authors: Deparment of Radiology, Sakarya University Medical Faculty, Sakarya, Turkey.
authors: Yakup Ersel
authors: YE
authors: Aksoy
authors: Deparment of Neurosurgery, Sakarya University Medical Faculty, Sakarya, Turkey.
authors: Can
authors: C
authors: Yildiz
keywords: computed tomograph; dermoid tumor; magnetic resonance imaging; rupture; vertigo