title: Risk factors for cervical HPV infection and genotypes distribution in HIV-infected South Brazilian women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is particularly burdensome for women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which increases their risk of developing cervical lesions and cancer (CC). We conducted a molecular study of the distribution of cervical HPV genotypes and the risk factors for this infection in HIV-infected Brazilian women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cervical and endocervical samples for Papanicolaou screening and HPV detection were collected from 178 HIV-infected women using highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) of Maringá city/Brazil. Risk factors were assessed using a standardized questionnaire, and the data regarding to HIV infection from medical records. HPV was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and genotyping using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. HIV infection was well controlled, but women with a current CD4+ T lymphocyte count between 200-350 cells/mm3 (37.6%) had a two-fold greater risk of HPV infection than those with > 350 cells/mm3 (26.4%). HPV was associated with parity ≥3, hormonal contraceptive use and current smoker. HPV infection occurred with high frequency (46.6%) but a low frequency of cervical abnormalities was detected (7.30%), mainly low-grade squamous intraephitelial cervical lesions (LSIL) (84.6%). A high frequency of multiple HPV infections was detected (23.0%), and the most frequent HPV genotype was HPV-72 (6.7%), followed by -16, -31 and -51 (6.14% each).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We showed that HAART use does not protect HIV-infected women from HPV, but appear to exert some protection against cervical lesions development. This study provides other important information about risk factors and cervical HPV in HIV-infected women, which can contribute to planning protocols.
authors: Sheila C
authors: SC
authors: Rocha-Brischiliari
authors: Fabrícia
authors: F
authors: Gimenes
authors: André L P
authors: AL
authors: de Abreu
authors: Mary M T
authors: MM
authors: Irie
authors: Raquel P
authors: RP
authors: Souza
authors: Rosangela G
authors: RG
authors: Santana
authors: Angela A F
authors: AA
authors: Gravena
authors: Maria D
authors: MD
authors: de B Carvalho
authors: Marcia E L
authors: ME
authors: Consolaro
authors: Department of Nursing, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. smpelloso@gmail.com.
authors: Sandra M
authors: SM
authors: Pelloso