title: Ultra performance liquid chromatography analysis to study the changes in the carotenoid profile of commercial monovarietal fruit juices.
abstract: We have developed an analytical method that allows the simultaneous determination of epoxycarotenoids, hydroxycarotenoids and carotenes in monovarietal fresh homemade and industrially processed fruit products. Analyses were carried out using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). The extraction method was optimized using methanol as the first extraction solvent for lyophilized samples followed by a saponification step. Recoveries ranged between 75% and 104% depending on the compound. Repeatability was better than 10% for all compounds (%RSD, n=3). The chromatographic analysis takes less than 17min. In this short period, up to 27 carotenoids were identified in apple, peach and pear products. The developed method allowed us to differentiate juice from six varieties of apple by their carotenoid profile. Moreover, the methodology allows us to differentiate the carotenoid profiles from commercial juices and homemade fresh peach and pear juices, as well as to study the rearrangements of 5,6- to 5,8-epoxycarotenoids.
authors: Chemistry Department, ETSEA, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
authors: Antoni
authors: A
authors: Delpino-Rius
authors: Chemistry Department, ETSEA, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain; Scientific Technical Services, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain. Electronic address: eras@quimica.udl.cat.
authors: Jordi
authors: J
authors: Eras
authors: Chemistry Department, ETSEA, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
authors: Alexis
authors: A
authors: Marsol-Vall
authors: Scientific Technical Services, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
authors: Francisca
authors: F
authors: Vilaró
authors: Chemistry Department, ETSEA, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain. Electronic address: balcells@quimica.udl.cat.
authors: Mercè
authors: M
authors: Balcells
authors: Chemistry Department, ETSEA, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
authors: Ramon
authors: R
authors: Canela-Garayoa
mesh_terms: D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000032:analysis*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D005612:Freeze Drying; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D027845:Malus; D027861:Prunus; D031989:Pyrus; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D002338:Carotenoids
keywords: Carotenoid profile; Epoxycarotenoid; Hydroxycarotenoid; Monovarietal fruit juice; UPLC