title: HSP27 as a biomarker for predicting skin irritation in human skin and reconstructed organotypic skin model.
abstract: In vitro alternative tests aiming at replacing the traditional animal test for predicting the irritant potential of chemicals have been developed, but the assessing parameters or endpoints are still not sufficient. To discover novel endpoints for skin irritation responses, 2DE-based proteomics was used to analyze the protein expression in human skin exposed to sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) following the test protocol of the European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods (ECVAM) in the present study. HSP27 was up-regulated most significantly among the eight identified proteins, consistent with our previous reports. Acid and basic chemicals were applied on human skin for further validation and results showed that the up-regulated expression of HSP27 was induced in 24h after the exposure. Skin-equivalent constructed with fibroblasts, basement membrane and keratinocytes was used to investigate the potential of HSP27 as a biomarker or additional endpoint for the hazard assessment of skin irritation. Our skin-equivalent (Reconstructed Organotypic Skin Model, ROSM) had excellent epidermal differentiation and was suitable for the skin irritation test. HSP27 also displayed an up-regulated expression in the ROSM in 24h after the irritants exposure for 15min. All these results suggest that HSP27 may represent a potential marker or additional endpoint for the hazard assessment of skin irritation caused by chemical products.
authors: Institute of Biomedicine and National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
authors: Hongxia
authors: H
authors: Chen
authors: Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, China.
authors: Shuhua
authors: S
authors: Li
authors: Institute of Biomedicine and National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
authors: Tian
authors: T
authors: Meng
authors: Institute of Biomedicine and National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
authors: Lei
authors: L
authors: Zhang
authors: Institute of Biomedicine and National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
authors: Taoli
authors: T
authors: Dai
authors: Institute of Biomedicine and National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
authors: Qi
authors: Q
authors: Xiang
authors: Institute of Biomedicine and National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
authors: Zhijian
authors: Z
authors: Su
authors: Institute of Biomedicine and National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China. Electronic address: tqhzhang@jnu.edu.cn.
authors: Qihao
authors: Q
authors: Zhang
authors: Institute of Biomedicine and National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China. Electronic address: tydhuang@jnu.edu.cn.
authors: Yadong
authors: Y
authors: Huang
mesh_terms: D000826:Animal Testing Alternatives; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D055551:HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007509:Irritants / Q000633:toxicity*; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D023422:Skin Irritancy Tests / Q000379:methods; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D013997:Time Factors; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D055551:HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins; D007509:Irritants
keywords: HSP27; Human skin; Reconstructed organotypic skin model; Skin irritation