title: Stem cell engineered bone with calcium-phosphate coated porous titanium scaffold or silicon hydroxyapatite granules for revision total joint arthroplasty.
abstract: Aseptic loosening in total joint replacements (TJRs) is mainly caused by osteolysis which leads to a reduction of the bone stock necessary for implant fixation in revision TJRs. Our aim was to develop bone tissue-engineered constructs based on scaffolds of clinical relevance in revision TJRs to reconstitute the bone stock at revision operations by using a perfusion bioreactor system (PBRS). The hypothesis was that a PBRS will enhance mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) proliferation and osteogenic differentiation and will provide an even distribution of MSCs throughout the scaffolds when compared to static cultures. A PBRS was designed and implemented. Scaffolds, silicon substituted hydroxyapatite granules and calcium-phosphate coated porous TiAl6V4 cylinders, were seeded with MSCs and cultured either in static conditions or in the PBRS at 0.75 mL/min. Statistically significant increased cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity was found in samples cultured in the PBRS. Histology revealed a more even cell distribution in the perfused constructs. SEM showed that cells arranged in sheets. Long cytoplasmic processes attached the cells to the scaffolds. We conclude that a novel tissue engineering approach to address the issue of poor bone stock at revision operations is feasible by using a PBRS.
authors: John Scales Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, University College London, Stanmore, HA7 4LP, London, UK, garcia.elenita@googlemail.com.
authors: Elena
authors: E
authors: García-Gareta
authors: Jia
authors: J
authors: Hua
authors: Faizal
authors: F
authors: Rayan
authors: Gordon W
authors: GW
authors: Blunn
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D007595:Joint Prosthesis; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D010012:Osteogenesis; D010316:Particle Size; D012756:Sheep; D017655:Silicon Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000295:instrumentation*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D017655:Silicon Compounds; D017886:Durapatite; C020243:calcium phosphate; D014025:Titanium