title: Resistant starch and arabinoxylan augment SCFA absorption, but affect postprandial glucose and insulin responses differently.
abstract: The effects of increased colonic fermentation of dietary fibres (DF) on the net portal flux (NPF) of carbohydrate-derived metabolites (glucose, SCFA and, especially, butyrate), hormones (insulin, C-peptide, glucagon-like peptide 1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide) and NEFA were studied in a healthy catheterised pig model. A total of six pigs weighing 59 (SEM 1·6) kg were fitted with catheters in the mesenteric artery and in the portal and hepatic veins, and a flow probe around the portal vein, and included in a double 3 × 3 cross-over design with three daily feedings (at 09.00, 14.00 and 19.00 hours). Fasting and 5 h postprandial blood samples were collected after 7 d adaptation to each diet. The pigs were fed a low-DF Western-style control diet (WSD) and two high-DF diets (an arabinoxylan-enriched diet (AXD) and a resistant starch-enriched diet (RSD)). The NPF of insulin was lower (P= 0·04) in AXD-fed pigs (4·6 nmol/h) than in RSD-fed pigs (10·5 nmol/h), despite the lowest NPF of glucose being observed in RSD-fed pigs (203 mmol/h, P= 0·02). The NPF of total SCFA, acetate, propionate and butyrate were high, intermediate and low (P< 0·01) in AXD-, RSD- and WSD-fed pigs, respectively, with the largest relative increase being observed for butyrate in response to arabinoxylan supplementation. In conclusion, the RSD and AXD had different effects on the NPF of insulin and glucose, suggesting different impacts of arabinoxylan and resistant starch on human health.
authors: Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, Tjele DK-8830, Denmark.
authors: Anne Krog
authors: AK
authors: Ingerslev
authors: Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, Tjele DK-8830, Denmark.
authors: Peter Kappel
authors: PK
authors: Theil
authors: Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, Tjele DK-8830, Denmark.
authors: Mette Skou
authors: MS
authors: Hedemann
authors: Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, Tjele DK-8830, Denmark.
authors: Helle Nygaard
authors: HN
authors: Lærke
authors: Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, Tjele DK-8830, Denmark.
authors: Knud Erik
authors: KE
authors: Bach Knudsen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D003718:Denmark; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004063:Digestion; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D007420:Intestine, Large / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D019518:Postprandial Period; D013213:Starch / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D034421:Sus scrofa; D014990:Xylans / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D014990:Xylans; D013213:Starch; C085118:arabinoxylan