title: Effects of Photodynamic Process (PDP) in Implant Osseointegration: A Histologic and Histometric Study in Dogs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The combination between photosensitivity substances with laser or light-emitting diode (LED) form the photodynamic therapy basis that consists of photosensitivity drug activated by low-frequency light. This mechanism is used in soft tissue healing process to improve the oxygen tension leading to a fast revascularization.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of photosensitivity drugs activated through LED on osseointegration process.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight mongrel dogs underwent implant therapy in four mandibular bone defects using 5.0 mm trephine drill on each side of the mandible. The defects were randomly filled up with (1) Nano emulsion, (2) liposome, (3) blood clot, and (4) autogenous bone. LED with visible and infrared light were applied after 48/72 postoperative hours on four dogs and after 96/120 postoperative hours in the other four dogs. All the animals were euthanized at 15 days after surgery. Ground sections slides were prepared from the experimental site for histomorphometry and histological analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No difference was detected in the following parameters: bone-implant contact, bone inside the defect and crest level on LED 48/72. Significant difference was detected inside the defect when filled with autogenous bone (p = .0238) on LED 96/120. When LED 48/72 and LED 96/120 were compared, significant higher bone formation was detected when autogenous bone on bone-implant contact (p = .0043) and bone inside the defect (p = .0008) was used.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of photosensitivity drugs activated by LED demonstrated a tendency to stimulate bone formation, similar to autogenous bone graft on later time point.
authors: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry of the University of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Paulo Esteves Pinto
authors: PE
authors: Faria
authors: Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Daniela Nair Borges
authors: DN
authors: Felipucci
authors: Institute of Research and Development, Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, University of Paraíba Valley, São José dos Campos, Brazil.
authors: Andreza Ribeiro
authors: AR
authors: Simioni
authors: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy and Science at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
authors: Fernando Lucas
authors: FL
authors: Primo
authors: Department of Chemistry, Group of Photobiology and Photo Medicine, Faculty of Philosophy and Science at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
authors: Antonio Cláudio
authors: AC
authors: Tedesco
authors: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
authors: Luiz Antonio
authors: LA
authors: Salata
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003757:Dental Implantation; D015921:Dental Implants; D004285:Dogs; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000601:surgery*; D023421:Models, Animal; D016348:Osseointegration; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents
keywords: bone healing and osseointegration; photodynamic therapy