title: Myofibroblasts and the extracellular matrix network in post-myocardial infarction cardiac remodeling.
abstract: The cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM) fills the space between cells, supports tissue organization, and transduces mechanical, chemical, and biological signals to regulate homeostasis of the left ventricle (LV). Following myocardial infarction (MI), a multitude of ECM proteins are synthesized to replace myocyte loss and form a reparative scar. Activated fibroblasts (myofibroblasts) are the primary source of ECM proteins, thus playing a key role in cardiac repair. A balanced turnover of ECM through regulation of synthesis by myofibroblasts and degradation by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is critical for proper scar formation. In this review, we summarize the current literature on the roles of myofibroblasts, MMPs, and ECM proteins in MI-induced LV remodeling. In addition, we discuss future research directions that are needed to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms of ECM actions to optimize cardiac repair.
authors: San Antonio Cardiovascular Proteomics Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
authors: Yonggang
authors: Y
authors: Ma
authors: Lisandra E
authors: LE
authors: de Castro Brás
authors: Hiroe
authors: H
authors: Toba
authors: Rugmani Padmanabhan
authors: RP
authors: Iyer
authors: Michael E
authors: ME
authors: Hall
authors: Michael D
authors: MD
authors: Winniford
authors: Richard A
authors: RA
authors: Lange
authors: Suresh C
authors: SC
authors: Tyagi
authors: Merry L
authors: ML
authors: Lindsey
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism*; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D058628:Myofibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling
chemical_list: D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins