title: [Impact factors analysis of standardized perioperative antibiotic application on nosocomial infection and drug-resistance bacteria].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the impact factors and clinical significance of standardized perioperative antibiotic application on nosocomial infection and drug-resistant bacteria strains in eye hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  It was a retrospective series case study. The inpatients underwent ophthalmologic operation of one year before standardized application (from Sep. 2009 to Aug. 2010) and one year after standardized application (from Sep. 2010 to Aug. 2011) in Tianjin Eye Hospital were selected and the incidence rate of nosocomial infection and types of drug-resistant strains in these two years were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From Sep. 2009 to Aug. 2010, the prophylactic antibiotics application rate for type I incisional surgeries was 80.29% (12937/16 111), the nosocomial infection rate was 0.011% (2/17 563). From Sep. 2010 to Aug. 2011, the same values were 44.50% (7968/17 905) and 0.005% (1/19 441). There was a significant decrease of prophylactic antibiotics application comparing these two years (χ(2) = 4587.78, P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in nosocomial infection rate (χ(2) = 0.44, P > 0.05). Average antibiotics application rate for inpatient (type I-IV incisional surgeries) was 76.69% (13 469/17 563) from Sep. 2009 to Aug. 2010, and 49.40% (9604/19 441) from Sep. 2010 to Aug. 2011. There was a significant decrease over these two years (χ(2) = 2927.19, P < 0.05). The results of isolation and cultivation of bacteria in these two years showed that staphylococcus epidermidis predominated in gram-positive bacteria, pseudomonas aeruginosa predominated in gram-negative bacteria. Drug resistance rate of staphylococcus was 42.86% (33/77) from Sep. 2009 to Aug. 2010 and 39.19% (39/74) from Sep. 2010 to Aug. 2011. Drug resistance rate of pseudomonas aeruginosa was 2/11 from Sep. 2009 to Aug. 2010 and 2/13 from Sep. 2010 to Aug. 2011. There were no significant differences in drug resistance rate of staphylococcus and pseudomonas aeruginosa between these two years (χ(2) = 0.09, P > 0.05, χ(2) = 0.03, P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  By standardizing the perioperative antibiotics application in eye hospital, the rate of systemic administration of antibiotics declined gradually. The Choices and the administrative mode of antibiotics were more rational than before. In the meanwhile, the rate of nosocomial infection and drug-resistance did not increase. Therefore, avoiding the drug abuse ensured the medical safety, which was worthy of further study.
authors: Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital Tianjin 300020, China.
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Li
authors: Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital Tianjin 300020, China. Email: yzk@oio.cn.
authors: Yan-shan
authors: YS
authors: Xu
authors: Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital Tianjin 300020, China.
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Xu
authors: Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital Tianjin 300020, China.
authors: Xue-yi
authors: XY
authors: Liu
authors: Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital Tianjin 300020, China.
authors: Ya-jun
authors: YJ
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis / Q000592:standards*; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents