title: Personality types during transition to young adulthood: how are they related to life situation and well-being?
abstract: The present longitudinal study examined personality types, their change, and their relations with life outcomes and well-being in a sample of young Finns (N=493) that was followed from age 15 to 23. The Big Five traits were measured at ages 20 and 23, and four personality types - Resilients, Overcontrollers, Anti-Resilients, and "Averages" - emerged at both time points. Those with higher initial well-being were more likely to be later classified as Resilients, whereas those with low and decreasing well-being were more likely to be classified as Anti-Resilients. At age 23, Anti-Resilients were less likely to have reached normative educational goals than others, and more likely to be unemployed than others, but Overcontrollers were less likely to be in a romantic relationship than others. The results question the universality of the three-type structure, but support the predictive validity of personality types.
authors: Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. Electronic address: sointu.leikas@helsinki.fi.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Leikas
authors: Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Salmela-Aro
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D041923:Adolescent Development; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D005387:Finland; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D010551:Personality; D010555:Personality Inventory; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D055500:Resilience, Psychological; D012649:Self Concept; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Personality development; Personality types; Well-being; Young adulthood