title: Intravesical liposome and antisense treatment for detrusor overactivity and interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome.
abstract: Purpose. The following review focuses on the recent advancements in intravesical drug delivery, which brings added benefit to the therapy of detrusor overactivity and interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS). Results. Intravesical route is a preferred route of administration for restricting the action of extremely potent drugs like DMSO for patients of interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) and botulinum toxin for detrusor overactivity. Patients who are either refractory to oral treatment or need to mitigate the adverse effects encountered with conventional routes of administration also chose this route. Its usefulness in some cases can be limited by vehicle (carrier) toxicity or short duration of action. Efforts have been underway to overcome these limitations by developing liposome platform for intravesical delivery of biotechnological products including antisense oligonucleotides. Conclusions. Adoption of forward-thinking approaches can achieve advancements in drug delivery systems targeted to future improvement in pharmacotherapy of bladder diseases. Latest developments in the field of nanotechnology can bring this mode of therapy from second line of treatment for refractory cases to the forefront of disease management.
authors: Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
authors: Pradeep
authors: 0000-0001-6586-4545
authors: P
authors: Tyagi
authors: Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
authors: Mahendra P
authors: MP
authors: Kashyap
authors: Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
authors: Naoki
authors: N
authors: Kawamorita
authors: Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
authors: Tsuyoshi
authors: T
authors: Yoshizawa
authors: Department of Urology, William Beaumont School of Medicine, Royal oak, MI 48073, USA.
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Chancellor
authors: Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
authors: Naoki
authors: 0000-0001-8070-1664
authors: N
authors: Yoshimura