title: Brain responses to altered auditory feedback during musical keyboard production: an fMRI study.
abstract: Alterations of auditory feedback during piano performance can be profoundly disruptive. Furthermore, different alterations can yield different types of disruptive effects. Whereas alterations of feedback synchrony disrupt performed timing, alterations of feedback pitch contents can disrupt accuracy. The current research tested whether these behavioral dissociations correlate with differences in brain activity. Twenty pianists performed simple piano keyboard melodies while being scanned in a 3-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner. In different conditions they experienced normal auditory feedback, altered auditory feedback (asynchronous delays or altered pitches), or control conditions that excluded movement or sound. Behavioral results replicated past findings. Neuroimaging data suggested that asynchronous delays led to increased activity in Broca's area and its right homologue, whereas disruptive alterations of pitch elevated activations in the cerebellum, area Spt, inferior parietal lobule, and the anterior cingulate cortex. Both disruptive conditions increased activations in the supplementary motor area. These results provide the first evidence of neural responses associated with perception/action mismatch during keyboard production.
authors: University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA. Electronic address: pqp@buffalo.edu.
authors: Peter Q
authors: PQ
authors: Pfordresher
authors: St. Mary׳s College of Maryland, St. Mary׳s City, MD, USA.
authors: James T
authors: JT
authors: Mantell
authors: McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors: Steven
authors: S
authors: Brown
authors: University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA; Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Zivadinov
authors: University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA.
authors: Jennifer L
authors: JL
authors: Cox
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000502:physiology; D056228:Feedback, Sensory; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009146:Music; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Altered auditory feedback; Music performance; Perception and action; Piano; Sequence production