title: Optimization study for metabolomics analysis of human sweat by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in high resolution mode.
abstract: Sweat has recently gained popularity as a potential tool for diagnostics and biomarker monitoring as it is a non-invasive biofluid the composition of which could be modified by certain pathologies, as is the case with cystic fibrosis, which increases chloride levels in sweat. The aim of the present study was to develop an analytical method for analysis of human sweat by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF MS/MS) in high resolution mode. Thus, different sample preparation strategies and different chromatographic modes (HILIC and C18 reverse modes) were compared to check their effect on the profile of sweat metabolites. Forty-one compounds were identified by the MS/MS information obtained with a mass tolerance window below 4 ppm. Amino acids, dicarboxylic acids and other interesting metabolites such as inosine, choline, uric acid and tyramine were identified. Among the tested protocols, direct analysis after dilution was a suited option to obtain a representative snapshot of sweat metabolome. In addition, sample clean up by C18 SpinColumn SPE cartridges improved the sensitivity of most identified compounds and reduced the number of interferents. As most of the identified metabolites are involved in key biochemical pathways, this study opens new possibilities to the use of sweat as a source of metabolite biomarkers of specific disorders.
authors: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Annex Marie Curie Building, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research Maimónides (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Calderón-Santiago
authors: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Annex Marie Curie Building, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research Maimónides (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain. Electronic address: q72prcaf@uco.es.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Priego-Capote
authors: Institute of Biomedical Research Maimónides (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Jurado-Gámez
authors: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Annex Marie Curie Building, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research Maimónides (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain. Electronic address: qa1lucam@uco.es.
authors: M D
authors: MD
authors: Luque de Castro
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D003998:Dicarboxylic Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055442:Metabolome; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction; D013542:Sweat / Q000737:chemistry*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D015415:Biomarkers; D002241:Carbohydrates; D003998:Dicarboxylic Acids; D005227:Fatty Acids
keywords: Global profiling; Human sweat; Human sweat metabolome; LC–MS/MS; Liquid chromatography; Metabolomics