title: Heat shock protein 72 expressing stress in sepsis: unbridgeable gap between animal and human studies--a hypothetical "comparative" study.
abstract: Heat shock protein 72 (Hsp72) exhibits a protective role during times of increased risk of pathogenic challenge and/or tissue damage. The aim of the study was to ascertain Hsp72 protective effect differences between animal and human studies in sepsis using a hypothetical "comparative study" model. Forty-one in vivo (56.1%), in vitro (17.1%), or combined (26.8%) animal and 14 in vivo (2) or in vitro (12) human Hsp72 studies (P < 0.0001) were enrolled in the analysis. Of the 14 human studies, 50% showed a protective Hsp72 effect compared to 95.8% protection shown in septic animal studies (P < 0.0001). Only human studies reported Hsp72-associated mortality (21.4%) or infection (7.1%) or reported results (14.3%) to be nonprotective (P < 0.001). In animal models, any Hsp72 induction method tried increased intracellular Hsp72 (100%), compared to 57.1% of human studies (P < 0.02), reduced proinflammatory cytokines (28/29), and enhanced survival (18/18). Animal studies show a clear Hsp72 protective effect in sepsis. Human studies are inconclusive, showing either protection or a possible relation to mortality and infections. This might be due to the fact that using evermore purified target cell populations in animal models, a lot of clinical information regarding the net response that occurs in sepsis is missing.
authors: Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, School of Health Sciences, University of Crete, Voutes Area, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
authors: George
authors: 0000-0003-0928-6183
authors: G
authors: Briassoulis
authors: 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Laiko, University General Hospital, University of Athens, 17 Agiou Thoma, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
authors: Efrossini
authors: E
authors: Briassouli
authors: Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, School of Health Sciences, University of Crete, Voutes Area, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
authors: Diana-Michaela
authors: DM
authors: Fitrolaki
authors: Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Voutes Area, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
authors: Ioanna
authors: I
authors: Plati
authors: National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, First Critical Care Department, Evaggelismos Hospital, Ipsilantou 45, 10676, Athens, Greece.
authors: Kleovoulos
authors: K
authors: Apostolou
authors: Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, School of Health Sciences, University of Crete, Voutes Area, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
authors: Theonymfi
authors: T
authors: Tavladaki
authors: Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, School of Health Sciences, University of Crete, Voutes Area, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
authors: Anna-Maria
authors: AM
authors: Spanaki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D050884:HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D018805:Sepsis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D050884:HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha