title: Type 2 diabetes: a protective factor for prostate cancer? An overview of proposed mechanisms.
abstract: Diabetes mellitus and prostate cancer are 2 of the most important public health concerns, especially in the elderly population. Although diabetes has been recognized as a potent risk factor for many types of cancers, there is a large amount of evidence that shows that it has a protective role against prostate cancer. The underlying cause of this protective role is not fully understood, however, some mechanisms have been proposed in this area. In the present study we have reviewed these mechanisms and some new mechanisms are also proposed.
authors: Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: rezar@sbmu.ac.ir.
authors: Reza
authors: R
authors: Rastmanesh
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
authors: Jalal
authors: J
authors: Hejazi
authors: ReGenera Res Group for Aging Intervention, Milan, Italy.
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Marotta
authors: Division of Urology, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan; Division of Molecular Oncology, Department of Signal Transduction Research, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
authors: Noboru
authors: N
authors: Hara
mesh_terms: D063646:Carcinogenesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D004035:Diet Therapy; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008687:Metformin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D065840:Protective Factors; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D008687:Metformin
keywords: CXCL14; Insulin; Insulin-like growth factor-1; Metformin; Testosterone