title: Isoflurane prevents learning deficiencies caused by brief hypoxia and hypotension in adult Sprague Dawley rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hypotension causes histologic changes in the hippocampal CA1 area, while behavior remains unchanged. We believe that an even stronger insult may also cause behavioral changes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We used a rat hemorrhagic shock model plus temporary hypoxia to assess functional outcome at different time points post-injury. Our hypothesis is that the damage can be attenuated by the use of isoflurane.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats were subjected to brief hypotension. Animals were evaluated at different time points after receiving hypoxia and hypotension, with and without isoflurane treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The administration of isoflurane after the insult protected the animals from memory alterations. No histopatologic changes were found in any of the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This observation suggests that in this model of hypotension plus hypoxia there is mild cerebral damage that is reflected by memory changes. Exposure to isoflurane after the insult can prevent the onset of memory deficits.
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University , Durham, NC , USA .
authors: Eduardo
authors: E
authors: Chaparro
authors: Carolina
authors: C
authors: Quiroga
authors: Diana
authors: D
authors: Erasso
authors: Gerardo
authors: G
authors: Bosco
authors: Alessandro
authors: A
authors: Rubini
authors: Devanand
authors: D
authors: Mangar
authors: Enrico
authors: E
authors: Camporesi
mesh_terms: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D056547:CA1 Region, Hippocampal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects*; D006185:Habituation, Psychophysiologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D007022:Hypotension / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects*; D018697:Nootropic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D018697:Nootropic Agents; D007530:Isoflurane
keywords: Hippocampal neurons; neurologic damage; volatile anesthetics