title: A case study: refractory recurrent autoimmune hepatitis following liver transplantation in two male patients.
abstract: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) recurs after liver transplantation and significantly impacts graft function and patient survival. In this case report, we present 2 cases of male patients with refractory recurrent AIH after liver transplantation. Each patient lost their first graft due to refractory continuous AIH. We have not noticed a similar refractory course for our female patients with AIH post-transplantation at our center. Based on our single-center experience there appears to be a gender disparity in the aggressive nature of AIH recurrence after transplantation. Despite the aggressive nature of recurrent AIH in both patients, graft loss occurred beyond 3 years for both patients and did not influence the 1- and 3-year patient survival. If these findings are validated, they may have significant impact on post-transplantation immunosuppression management in male patients.
authors: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Tencate
authors: Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Komorowski
authors: Department of Transplant Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Cronin
authors: Department of Transplant Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Hong
authors: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Gawrieh
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006085:Graft Survival; D019693:Hepatitis, Autoimmune / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007249:Inflammation; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D017093:Liver Failure / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy*; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents