title: Reactive oxygen species: re-evaluation of generation, monitoring and role in stress-signaling in phototrophic organisms.
abstract: This review provides an overview about recent developments and current knowledge about monitoring, generation and the functional role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) - H2O2, HO2, HO, OH(-), (1)O2 and O2(-) - in both oxidative degradation and signal transduction in photosynthetic organisms including microscopic techniques for ROS detection and controlled generation. Reaction schemes elucidating formation, decay and signaling of ROS in cyanobacteria as well as from chloroplasts to the nuclear genome in eukaryotes during exposure of oxygen-evolving photosynthetic organisms to oxidative stress are discussed that target the rapidly growing field of regulatory effects of ROS on nuclear gene expression.
authors: Technical University Berlin, Institute of Chemistry, Sekr. PC 14, Max-Volmer-Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany.
authors: Franz-Josef
authors: FJ
authors: Schmitt
authors: Technical University Berlin, Institute of Chemistry, Sekr. PC 14, Max-Volmer-Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany.
authors: Gernot
authors: G
authors: Renger
authors: Technical University Berlin, Institute of Chemistry, Sekr. PC 14, Max-Volmer-Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany.
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Friedrich
authors: Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Street 2, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia; Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow 127276, Russia.
authors: Vladimir D
authors: VD
authors: Kreslavski
authors: Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Street 2, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia.
authors: Sergei K
authors: SK
authors: Zharmukhamedov
authors: Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow 127276, Russia.
authors: Dmitry A
authors: DA
authors: Los
authors: Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow 127276, Russia; Tomsk State University, Lenin Avenue 36, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
authors: Vladimir V
authors: VV
authors: Kuznetsov
authors: Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Street 2, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia; Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow 127276, Russia. Electronic address: suleyman.allakhverdiev@gmail.com.
authors: Suleyman I
authors: SI
authors: Allakhverdiev
mesh_terms: D010788:Photosynthesis; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
keywords: Chloroplast; Oxidative stress; Photosynthesis; Plant cells; Reactive oxygen species; Signaling systems