title: Associations of a TLR4 single-nucleotide polymorphism with H. pylori associated gastric diseases in Iranian patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is associated with gastric ulcer and gastric adenocarcinoma. Polymorphisms in the host genes coding for toll-like receptors (TLRs) may influence the innate and adaptive immune response to the infection, affecting the susceptibility to H. pylori or the disease outcomes. But the details and association to different polymorphisms and different clinical expressions in patients infected with H. pylori (different clinical expression of H. pylori infection) remain unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study consisting of 195 patients with H. pylori infection and 241 H. pylori uninfection was conducted. Genomic DNA was extracted and genotypes of TLR4Asp299Gly polymorphism were assessed through polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Presence of cagA was evaluated using PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TLR4 (Asp299Gly) G and DG alleles frequency in H. pylori infected population was signiﬁcantly higher in the chronic gastritis group than in the chronic active gastritis group (P=0.021; OR, 2.409; 95% CI, 1.124-5.162). Grade mononuclear (MN) infiltration in H. pylori infected patients with DG genotype of TLR-4 Asp299Gly increased significantly. CagA positivity was more frequently associated with chronic active gastritis (P=0.017, OR=2.26, 95% CI=1.144-4.462) and grade polymorphonucler (PMN) infiltration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TLR-4 Asp299Gly G allele substitution may be modified pattern of immune response in the gastric mucosa of H. pylori infected patients and may be H. pylori infected patients with gastritis have increased risk for the development of chronic gastritis. CagA positivity may be a risk factor for development of gastritis.
authors: Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Nader
authors: N
authors: Bagheri
authors: Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
authors: Fatemeh
authors: F
authors: Azadegan-Dehkordi
authors: Department of Pathology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors: Hosein
authors: H
authors: Sanei
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
authors: Afshin
authors: A
authors: Taghikhani
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
authors: Ghorbanali
authors: G
authors: Rahimian
authors: Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
authors: Loghman
authors: L
authors: Salimzadeh
authors: Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
authors: Morteza
authors: M
authors: Hashemzadeh-Chaleshtori
authors: Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
authors: Mahmoud
authors: M
authors: Rafieian-kopaei
authors: Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
authors: Maryam
authors: M
authors: Shirzad
authors: Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran. Electronic address: shirzad1951@yahoo.com.
authors: Hedayatollah
authors: H
authors: Shirzad
mesh_terms: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D005756:Gastritis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020556:Neutrophil Infiltration; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C495345:TLR4 protein, human; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; C080866:cagA protein, Helicobacter pylori