title: Vascular endothelial growth inhibitor 174 is a negative regulator of aggressiveness and microvascular density in human clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the role and expression of vascular endothelial growth inhibitor isoform 174 (VEGI 174) in the microvessels and its correlation with microvessel density (MVD) and prognosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemical analysis was performed in 98 cases of renal cell carcinoma and paired normal kidney tissues for VEGI 174 and CD34. The clinical, pathological and follow-up (median follow-up: 54.5 months) information were recorded and analyzed against the VEGI174 and MVD expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was an inverse correlation between VEGI 174 and MVD (r=-0.420, p<0.05) in normal human renal tissues and CCRCC specimens. Compared to normal kidney tissues, the expression of VEGI 174 was significantly lower in CCRCC (0.420±0.151 vs 0.107±0.063, p<0.01, respectively). On the contrary, MVD was higher in CCRCC specimens than in normal renal tissues (72.020±31.709 vs. 53.480±11.071, p<0.01, respectively). The expression of VEGI 174 in G1+G2 tumors was significantly higher than in G3 tumors (0.132±0.055 vs. 0.044±0.025, p<0.05, respectively). There was also a statistical significance in the expression of VEGI 174 in patients of different ages (<60y, 0.102±0.054 vs. ≥60 years, 0.117±0.083, p<0.01, respectively). However, between the staining of VEGI 174 and other pathological parameters (gender, tumour size and stage), there were no significant statistical differences (p>0.05). In addition, MVDs did not differ statistically by pathological grade, stage, gender, age or tumor size (p>0.05). Four patients died of CCRCC-related conditions during follow-up. However, no relationship between the expression of VEGI 174/MVD and overall survival was found in the study (p>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VEGI 174 has a significant role in angiogenesis in CCRCC, and appears to be a negative regulator of aggressiveness during the development and progression of CCRCC.
authors: Department of Urology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8, Gongti South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100020, P.R. China. niru7429@126.com or Kan Gong, Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Xicheng District, Beijing, P.R. China. E-mail: gongkan2004@yahoo.com.cn.
authors: Liyang
authors: L
authors: Wu
authors: Xiaobei
authors: X
authors: Li
authors: Lin
authors: L
authors: Ye
authors: Duoerkun
authors: D
authors: Shayiremu
authors: Xiaohu
authors: X
authors: Deng
authors: Xiaodong
authors: X
authors: Zhang
authors: Wenguo
authors: W
authors: Jiang
authors: Yong
authors: Y
authors: Yang
authors: Kan
authors: K
authors: Gong
authors: Ning
authors: N
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D055806:Microvessels / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D020033:Protein Isoforms; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
keywords: Vascular endothelial growth inhibitor 174 (VEGI 174); clear cell renal cell carcinoma; microvessel density (MVD); prognosis