title: Minimizing transfer time to an ST segment elevation myocardial infarction-receiving center: a modified Delphi consensus.
abstract: Of patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), approximately two thirds present to a hospital not capable of percutaneous coronary intervention. Transfer to a STEMI-receiving center delays time to reperfusion in patients with STEMI, but factors that affect this delay have not been well studied. We performed a 3-round modified Delphi study to identify system practices that minimize transfer time to a STEMI-receiving center. A comprehensive literature review was used to identify candidate system practices. Emergency medical services, emergency medicine, and cardiology experts were invited to participate. Consensus was defined as 80% agreement that a variable was "very important (5)" or "important (4)" with a mean score ≥ 4.25 or 80% agreement that a variable was "not important (1)" or "somewhat important (2)" with a mean score ≤ 1.75. In round 1, participants rated the candidate items and suggested additional items. Individual feedback was provided, and participants discussed items via conference calls before rating them again in round 2. In round 3, participants ranked the consensus items from rounds 1-2 from most to least important, and the mean score for each item was calculated. Of the 98 experts invited, 29 participated in round 1, 22 in round 2, and 14 in round 3. Participants identified 18 system practices that they agree are critical in minimizing transfer time to STEMI-receiving centers, with the most important being performance of a prehospital electrocardiogram and having established transfer protocols. These factors should be considered in the development of STEMI systems of care.
authors: From the *Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA; †University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA; ‡Department of Emergency Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; and §Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaiser Permanente South Sacramento, Sacramento, CA.
authors: Bryn E
authors: BE
authors: Mumma
authors: Conrad
authors: C
authors: Williamson
authors: Rahul K
authors: RK
authors: Khare
authors: Kevin E
authors: KE
authors: Mackey
authors: Deborah B
authors: DB
authors: Diercks
mesh_terms: D016507:Cardiology Service, Hospital / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards; D032921:Consensus; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000628:therapy*; D010348:Patient Care Team / Q000458:organization & administration; D010360:Patient Transfer / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards; D013997:Time Factors