title: Accuracy and precision of pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling perfusion during baseline and hypercapnia: a head-to-head comparison with ¹⁵O H₂O positron emission tomography.
abstract: Measurements of the cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) provide useful information about cerebrovascular condition and regional metabolism. Pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) is a promising non-invasive MRI technique to quantitatively measure the CBF, whereas additional hypercapnic pCASL measurements are currently showing great promise to quantitatively assess the CVR. However, the introduction of pCASL at a larger scale awaits further evaluation of the exact accuracy and precision compared to the gold standard. (15)O H₂O positron emission tomography (PET) is currently regarded as the most accurate and precise method to quantitatively measure both CBF and CVR, though it is one of the more invasive methods as well. In this study we therefore assessed the accuracy and precision of quantitative pCASL-based CBF and CVR measurements by performing a head-to-head comparison with (15)O H₂O PET, based on quantitative CBF measurements during baseline and hypercapnia. We demonstrate that pCASL CBF imaging is accurate during both baseline and hypercapnia with respect to (15)O H₂O PET with a comparable precision. These results pave the way for quantitative usage of pCASL MRI in both clinical and research settings.
authors: Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: d.f.heijtel@amc.nl.
authors: D F R
authors: DF
authors: Heijtel
authors: Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: H J M M
authors: HJ
authors: Mutsaerts
authors: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Bakker
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Schober
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: M F
authors: MF
authors: Stevens
authors: Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors: E T
authors: ET
authors: Petersen
authors: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: B N M
authors: BN
authors: van Berckel
authors: Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: C B L M
authors: CB
authors: Majoie
authors: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Booij
authors: C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors: M J P
authors: MJ
authors: van Osch
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Vanbavel
authors: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Boellaard
authors: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: A A
authors: AA
authors: Lammertsma
authors: Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: A J
authors: AJ
authors: Nederveen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006935:Hypercapnia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D010104:Oxygen Radioisotopes / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D055420:Perfusion Imaging / Q000379:methods; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013113:Spin Labels; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010104:Oxygen Radioisotopes; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D013113:Spin Labels; D014867:Water
keywords: ASL; Accuracy; CBF; CVR; MRI; PET; Precision