title: Patients with mild to moderate body dysmorphic disorder may benefit from rhinoplasty.
abstract: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is one of the most common psychiatric conditions found in patients seeking cosmetic surgery. BDD is also a challenge for plastic surgeons because it is still an underdiagnosed mental disorder. The aims of this study were to prospectively investigate whether patients with mild to moderate BDD are suitable for rhinoplasty, and to assess BDD severity and patient satisfaction with the surgical outcome 1 year after the intervention. All women (n = 116) seeking rhinoplasty at a university hospital between September 2009 and August 2010 were recruited for the study and assessed for BDD. The final sample consisted of 31 patients aged 32 (standard deviation (SD), 10) years with mild to moderate BDD who underwent rhinoplasty. The participants were assessed preoperatively (baseline) and 1 year postoperatively with the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Examination (BDDE). Most patients (22/31, 71%) were of African descent. Socio-demographic variables and the extent of the nasal deformities had no effect on the severity of BDD symptoms and patient satisfaction with surgery outcome. At the 1-year postoperative follow-up, there was a significant decrease from baseline in BDDE scores and time spent by patients worrying about their appearance; 25 (25/31, 81%) patients experienced complete remission from BDD and 28 (28/31, 90%) were satisfied with the results of surgery. Rhinoplasty may be indicated in the treatment of female patients with mild to moderate BDD.
authors: Division of Plastic Surgery, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: gabriel.epm77@gmail.com.
authors: Gabriel Almeida Arruda
authors: GA
authors: Felix
authors: Division of Plastic Surgery, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil; Sapucaí Valley University (UNIVÁS), Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors: Maria José Azevedo
authors: MJ
authors: de Brito
authors: Division of Plastic Surgery, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Fabio Xerfan
authors: FX
authors: Nahas
authors: Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Hermano
authors: H
authors: Tavares
authors: Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Táki Athanássios
authors: TA
authors: Cordás
authors: Division of Plastic Surgery, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Gal Moreira
authors: GM
authors: Dini
authors: Division of Plastic Surgery, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Lydia Masako
authors: LM
authors: Ferreira
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044383:Black People / Q000523:psychology; D057215:Body Dysmorphic Disorders / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000523:psychology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Body dysmorphic disorders; Body image; Plastic surgery; Rhinoplasty; Therapeutics