title: Modified single-port minilaparoscopic extraperitoneal repair for pediatric hydrocele: a single-center experience with 279 surgeries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study is to introduce our experience of a modified single-port minilaparoscopic technique for the treatment of pediatric hydrocele.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between June 2008 and May 2012, 279 boys (115 communicating hydrocele and 164 "non-communicating" hydrocele, diagnosis based on preoperative physical examination and scrotal ultrasound) underwent the modified single-port minilaparoscopic repair in our institution. During surgery, a 3-mm laparoscope was inserted into the abdomen through a mini-umbilical incision. The hydrocele sac orifice was closed by an extraperitoneal purse-string suture placed around the internal ring with an ordinary taper needle and an endoclose needle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of all the 279 patients, 16 (5.7 %) were found to have a potential patent processus vaginalis (PPV) on the contralateral side. Of the 164 boys diagnosed with "non-communicating" hydrocele preoperatively, 5 (3.0 %) had no PPV identified in laparoscope and the other 159 (97.0 %) had PPV actually. A total of 274 single-port minilaparoscopic procedures were performed, and all cases were successful without serious complications. The mean operative time was 19.5 and 24.8 min for unilateral and bilateral operations, respectively. Postoperative complications were noted in 4 cases, 2 (0.7 %) patients with scrotal edema, 1 (0.4 %) patient experienced an umbilical hernia, and 1 (0.4 %) patient with suture site abscess. During a median follow-up period of 9 months (range 6-24 months), postoperative hydrocele recurrence was seen in 2 patients (0.7 %).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This modified single-port minilaparoscopic technique is a safe, effective, and reliable procedure for pediatric hydroceles.
authors: Institute of Clinical Anatomy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China, docwzf1@163.com.
authors: Zhifeng
authors: Z
authors: Wang
authors: Le
authors: L
authors: Xu
authors: Zhi
authors: Z
authors: Chen
authors: Cong
authors: C
authors: Yao
authors: Zexuan
authors: Z
authors: Su
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013536:Suture Techniques; D006848:Testicular Hydrocele / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome