title: Optimizing facial rejuvenation outcomes by combining poly-L-lactic acid, hyaluronic acid, calcium hydroxylapatite, and neurotoxins: two case studies.
abstract: Reversal of the visible signs of facial aging with the use of injectable products as an alternative to surgery has become more popular, with nearly 5 million procedures performed in the United States in 2012. Volume augmentation products, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA), and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA), are often used in combination with one another and with neurotoxins for facial rejuvenation because of the complementary modes of action. This article presents 2 case reports involving patientspecific combinations of 2 different HA products, injectable PLLA, and CaHA with incobotulinumtoxinA or abobotulinumtoxinA. The combination of HA, CaHA, PLLA, and neurotoxins has resulted in outstanding outcomes for many patients, with no clinical evidence of increased adverse events secondary to combination therapy.
authors: Z Paul
authors: ZP
authors: Lorenc
authors: Elizabeth
authors: E
authors: Daro-Kaftan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques; D017886:Durapatite / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005145:Face; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012060:Rejuvenation; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000187:drug effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; D019344:Lactic Acid; C033616:poly(lactide); D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D017886:Durapatite; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A; C542869:abobotulinumtoxinA; C545476:incobotulinumtoxinA