title: Is cancer vaccination feasible at older age?
abstract: Age-related defects of the immune system are responsible for T cell unresponsiveness to cancer vaccination at older age. Major immune defects at older age are lack of naive T cells, impaired activation pathways of T cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and age-related changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This raises the question whether cancer vaccination is feasible at older age. We compared various cancer vaccine studies at young and old age, thereby focusing on the importance of both innate and adaptive immune responses for cancer immunotherapy. These analyses suggest that creating an immune-stimulating environment with help of the innate immune system may improve T cell responses in cancer vaccination at older age.
authors: Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, United States. Electronic address: claudia.gravekamp@einstein.yu.edu.
authors: Claudia
authors: C
authors: Gravekamp
authors: Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, United States.
authors: Arthee
authors: A
authors: Jahangir
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity / Q000276:immunology; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D019496:Cancer Vaccines
keywords: Adaptive immune system; Aging; Cancer immunotherapy; Cancer vaccines; Immune system; Innate immune system