title: Fibroblast growth factor deficiencies impact anxiety-like behavior and the serotonergic system.
abstract: Serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DR) are organized in anatomically distinct subregions that form connections with specific brain structures to modulate diverse behaviors, including anxiety-like behavior. It is unclear if the functional heterogeneity of these neurons is coupled to their developmental heterogeneity, and if abnormal development of specific DR serotonergic subregions can permanently impact anxiety circuits and behavior. The goal of this study was to examine if deficiencies in different components of fibroblast growth factor (Fgf) signaling could preferentially impact the development of specific populations of DR serotonergic neurons to alter anxiety-like behavior in adulthood. Wild-type and heterozygous male mice globally hypomorphic for Fgf8, Fgfr1, or both (Fgfr1/Fgf8) were tested in an anxiety-related behavioral battery. Both Fgf8- and Fgfr1/Fgf8-deficient mice display increased anxiety-like behavior as measured in the elevated plus-maze and the open-field tests. Immunohistochemical staining of a serotonergic marker, tryptophan hydroxylase (Tph), revealed reductions in specific populations of serotonergic neurons in the ventral, interfascicular, and ventrolateral/ventrolateral periaqueductal gray subregions of the DR in all Fgf-deficient mice, suggesting a neuroanatomical basis for increased anxiety-like behavior. Overall, this study suggests Fgf signaling selectively modulates the development of different serotonergic neuron subpopulations. Further, it suggests anxiety-like behavior may stem from developmental disruption of these neurons, and individuals with inactivating mutations in Fgf signaling genes may be predisposed to anxiety disorders.
authors: Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA. Electronic address: leah.brooks@colorado.edu.
authors: Leah R
authors: LR
authors: Brooks
authors: Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
authors: Courtney L
authors: CL
authors: Enix
authors: Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
authors: Samuel C
authors: SC
authors: Rich
authors: Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
authors: Jinno A
authors: JA
authors: Magno
authors: Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
authors: Christopher A
authors: CA
authors: Lowry
authors: Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
authors: Pei-San
authors: PS
authors: Tsai
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological / Q000502:physiology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001007:Anxiety / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005106:Exploratory Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D051524:Fibroblast Growth Factor 8 / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000235:genetics; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D051496:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1 / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism*; D014365:Tryptophan Hydroxylase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C496457:Fgf8 protein, mouse; D051524:Fibroblast Growth Factor 8; D012701:Serotonin; D014365:Tryptophan Hydroxylase; C496349:Fgfr1 protein, mouse; D051496:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1
keywords: Anxiety; Dorsal raphe nucleus; Fibroblast growth factor; Serotonin