title: Relationships between reward sensitivity, risk-taking and family history of alcoholism during an interactive competitive fMRI task.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Individuals with a positive family history for alcoholism (FHP) have shown differences from family-history-negative (FHN) individuals in the neural correlates of reward processing. FHP, compared to FHN individuals, demonstrate relatively diminished ventral striatal activation during anticipation of monetary rewards, and the degree of ventral striatal activation shows an inverse correlation with specific impulsivity measures in alcohol-dependent individuals. Rewards in socially interactive contexts relate importantly to addictive propensities, yet have not been examined with respect to how their neural underpinnings relate to impulsivity-related measures. Here we describe impulsivity measures in FHN and FHP individuals as they relate to a socially interactive functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) task.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty FHP and 29 FHN subjects without histories of Axis-I disorders completed a socially interactive Domino task during functional magnetic resonance imaging and completed self-report and behavioral impulsivity-related assessments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  FHP compared to FHN individuals showed higher scores (p = .004) on one impulsivity-related factor relating to both compulsivity (Padua Inventory) and reward/punishment sensitivity (Sensitivity to Punishment/Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire). Multiple regression analysis within a reward-related network revealed a correlation between risk-taking (involving another impulsivity-related factor, the Balloon Analog Risk Task (BART)) and right ventral striatum activation under reward >punishment contrast (p<0.05 FWE corrected) in the social task.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Behavioral risk-taking scores may be more closely associated with neural correlates of reward responsiveness in socially interactive contexts than are FH status or impulsivity-related self-report measures. These findings suggest that risk-taking assessments be examined further in socially interactive settings relevant to addictive behaviors.
authors: Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living at Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut, United States of America ; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.
authors: Haley L
authors: HL
authors: Yarosh
authors: Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living at Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut, United States of America.
authors: Christopher J
authors: CJ
authors: Hyatt
authors: Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living at Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut, United States of America.
authors: Shashwath A
authors: SA
authors: Meda
authors: Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living at Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut, United States of America.
authors: Rachel
authors: R
authors: Jiantonio-Kelly
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America ; Department of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America ; Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.
authors: Marc N
authors: MN
authors: Potenza
authors: Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living at Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut, United States of America ; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.
authors: Michal
authors: M
authors: Assaf
authors: Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living at Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut, United States of America ; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America ; Department of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.
authors: Godfrey
authors: G
authors: D Pearlson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D012201:Reward; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012919:Social Behavior