title: Antenatal lifestyle advice for women who are overweight or obese: LIMIT randomised trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of antenatal dietary and lifestyle interventions on health outcomes in overweight and obese pregnant women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multicentre randomised trial. We utilised a central telephone randomisation server, with computer generated schedule, balanced variable blocks, and stratification for parity, body mass index (BMI) category, and hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three public maternity hospitals across South Australia.
  
  
  METHODS
  2212 women with a singleton pregnancy, between 10+0 and 20+0 weeks' gestation, and BMI ≥ 25.
  
  
  METHODS
  1108 women were randomised to a comprehensive dietary and lifestyle intervention delivered by research staff; 1104 were randomised to standard care and received pregnancy care according to local guidelines, which did not include such information.
  
  
  METHODS
  Incidence of infants born large for gestational age (birth weight ≥ 90th centile for gestation and sex). Prespecified secondary outcomes included birth weight >4000 g, hypertension, pre-eclampsia, and gestational diabetes. Analyses used intention to treat principles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  2152 women and 2142 liveborn infants were included in the analyses. The risk of the infant being large for gestational age was not significantly different in the two groups (lifestyle advice 203/1075 (19%) v standard care 224/1067 (21%); adjusted relative risk 0.90, 95% confidence interval 0.77 to 1.07; P=0.24). Infants born to women after lifestyle advice were significantly less likely to have birth weight above 4000 g (lifestyle advice 164/1075 (15%) v standard care 201/1067 (19%); 0.82, 0.68 to 0.99; number needed to treat (NNT) 28, 15 to 263; P=0.04). There were no differences in maternal pregnancy and birth outcomes between the two treatment groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For women who were overweight or obese, the antenatal lifestyle advice used in this study did not reduce the risk delivering a baby weighing above the 90th centile for gestational age and sex or improve maternal pregnancy and birth outcomes.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12607000161426).
authors: Robinson Institute and School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, University of Adelaide, 72 King William Road, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia 5006.
authors: Jodie M
authors: JM
authors: Dodd
authors: Deborah
authors: D
authors: Turnbull
authors: Andrew J
authors: AJ
authors: McPhee
authors: Andrea R
authors: AR
authors: Deussen
authors: Rosalie M
authors: RM
authors: Grivell
authors: Lisa N
authors: LN
authors: Yelland
authors: Caroline A
authors: CA
authors: Crowther
authors: Gary
authors: G
authors: Wittert
authors: Julie A
authors: JA
authors: Owens
authors: Jeffrey S
authors: JS
authors: Robinson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D005320:Fetal Macrosomia / Q000517:prevention & control; D005865:Gestational Age; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications* / Q000517:prevention & control; D050177:Overweight / Q000150:complications* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000517:prevention & control; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D061217:Weight Reduction Programs / Q000379:methods