title: Epidemiology and control of child toxocariasis in the western Brazilian Amazon - a population-based study.
abstract: Toxocara spp. infection and the seroconversion rate in the Amazon have been poorly investigated. This study analyzed individual and household-level risk factors for the presence of IgG antibodies to Toxocara spp. in urban Amazonian children over a period of 7 years and evaluated the seroconversion rates over a 1-year follow-up. In children < 59 months of age, the overall prevalence rate was 28.08% in 2003 and 23.35% in 2010. The 2010-2011 seroconversion rates were 13.90% for children 6-59 months of age and 12.30% for children 84-143 months of age. Multilevel logistic regression analysis identified child age, previous wheezing, and current infection with hookworm as significant associated factors for Toxocara spp. seropositivity in 2003. In 2010, age, previous helminthiasis, and having a dog were associated with seropositivity, whereas having piped water inside the household was a protective factor. Control programs mainly need to target at-risk children, water quality control, and animal deworming strategies.
authors: Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco - Acre, Brasil; Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Laboratório de Soroepidemiologia e Imunobiologia, São Paulo, Brasil; Programa de Computação Científica, Fundação Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
authors: Humberto
authors: H
authors: Oliart-Guzmán
authors: Breno M
authors: BM
authors: Delfino
authors: Antonio C
authors: AC
authors: Martins
authors: Saulo A S
authors: SA
authors: Mantovani
authors: Athos M
authors: AM
authors: Braña
authors: Thasciany M
authors: TM
authors: Pereira
authors: Fernando L C C
authors: FL
authors: Branco
authors: Alanderson A
authors: AA
authors: Ramalho
authors: Rhanderson G
authors: RG
authors: Campos
authors: Pablo S
authors: PS
authors: Fontoura
authors: Thiago S
authors: TS
authors: de Araujo
authors: Cristieli S M
authors: CS
authors: de Oliveira
authors: Pascoal T
authors: PT
authors: Muniz
authors: Guita
authors: G
authors: Rubinsky-Elefant
authors: Cláudia T
authors: CT
authors: Codeço
authors: Mônica
authors: M
authors: da Silva-Nunes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000909:Antibodies, Helminth / Q000276:immunology*; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D059208:Parasite Load; D015995:Prevalence; D017166:Toxocara canis / Q000276:immunology*; D014120:Toxocariasis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D000909:Antibodies, Helminth; D007074:Immunoglobulin G