title: Determinants of sustained binge drinking in young adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Binge drinking occurs frequently among young adults, posing risks to health and safety. Little is known, however, about which drinkers continue to binge later into adulthood. We sought to identify predictors of sustained binge drinking behaviors in young adulthood.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants from the Nicotine Dependence in Teens (NDIT) cohort (n = 609, 53% female) completed self-report questionnaires in 20 survey cycles (SCs) during secondary school between 1999 and 2005, and in 2 postsecondary school SCs in 2007 to 2008 (SC 21; Mage = 20 years) and 2011 to 2012 (SC 22; Mage = 24 years). Participants reporting past-year binge drinking in both SCs 21 and 22 were categorized as sustainers (n = 517). Using multivariable logistic regression, we investigated 25 potential predictors of sustained binge drinking, binge-drinking frequency, and change in frequency over time among sustainers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with stoppers, sustainers (85% of participants) were more likely to be younger, male, and to have no college/university education. Sustainers began drinking alcohol and binge drinking earlier, drank at least monthly during more secondary school grades, binged more frequently at age 20, and scored higher on impulsivity and novelty seeking in adolescence. Among sustainers, frequent binge drinkers were more likely to be male, to be nonstudents, to score higher on novelty seeking, and to have reported more depressive symptoms in adolescence. Sustainers who decelerated their binge frequency between SCs 21 and 22 were more likely to be female, to have achieved a higher level of education, and to report more depressive symptoms in SC 21.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The determinants of sustained binge drinking are similar to predictors of binge drinking reported in the literature. Early identification of, and intervention with, youth who are impulsive, inclined toward novelty seeking, and who report higher levels of early sub clinical depressive symptoms might forestall their involvement in risky alcohol use.
authors: Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts.
authors: Robert J
authors: RJ
authors: Wellman
authors: Gisèle A
authors: GA
authors: Contreras
authors: Erika N
authors: EN
authors: Dugas
authors: Erin K
authors: EK
authors: O'Loughlin
authors: Jennifer L
authors: JL
authors: O'Loughlin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D063425:Binge Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D002648:Child; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Alcohol; Binge Drinking; Depression; Young Adult