title: Reduced Neural Differentiation Between Feedback Conditions After Bimanual Coordination Training with and without Augmented Visual Feedback.
abstract: It has been established that bimanual coordination with augmented feedback (FB) versus no augmented feedback (NFB) is associated with activity in different brain regions. It is unclear however, whether this distinction remains after practice comprising both these conditions. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used in humans to compare visual FB versus NFB conditions for a bimanual tracking task, and their differential evolution across learning. Scanning occurred before (Pre) and after 2 weeks (Post) of mixed FB and NFB training using an event-related design, allowing differentiation between the planning and execution phase of the task. Activations at the whole-brain level initially differed for FB versus NFB movements but this differentiation diminished with training for the movement execution phase. Specifically, in right dorsal premotor cortex and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activation increased for NFB and decreased for FB trials to converge toward the end of practice. This suggests that learning led to a decreased need to adjust the ongoing movement on the basis of FB, whereas online monitoring became more pronounced in NFB trials as discrepancies between the required and the produced motor output were detected more accurately after training, due to a generic internal reference of correctness supporting movement control under varying conditions.
authors: KU Leuven, Group Biomedical Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
authors: Iseult A M
authors: IA
authors: Beets
authors: KU Leuven, Group Biomedical Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
authors: Jolien
authors: J
authors: Gooijers
authors: KU Leuven, Group Biomedical Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
authors: Matthieu P
authors: MP
authors: Boisgontier
authors: KU Leuven, Group Biomedical Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
authors: Lisa
authors: L
authors: Pauwels
authors: Movement Neuroscience Laboratory Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, 1072, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors: James P
authors: JP
authors: Coxon
authors: KU Leuven, Group Biomedical Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, 3001 Leuven, Belgium VA Maryland Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
authors: George
authors: G
authors: Wittenberg
authors: KU Leuven, Group Biomedical Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, 3001 Leuven, Belgium KU Leuven, Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience & Disease (LIND), 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
authors: Stephan P
authors: SP
authors: Swinnen
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D030141:Feedback, Psychological / Q000502:physiology*; D056228:Feedback, Sensory / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006225:Hand / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen
keywords: augmented visual feedback; bimanual coordination; fMRI; motor learning; neural plasticity