title: Japanese phase I study of GC33, a humanized antibody against glypican-3 for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: GC33 is a humanized mAb against human glypican-3 (GPC3). In the first-in-human study carried out in the USA, GC33 was well tolerated and showed preliminary antitumor activity in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. This study aimed to assess the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic characteristics of GC33 in Japanese patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. The study design was a conventional 3 + 3 dose-escalation design to determine the maximum tolerated dose of GC33 given i.v. at 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg weekly. Immunohistochemistry was carried out on tumor biopsies to evaluate GPC3 expression. Thirteen patients were enrolled across the three dose levels, and no patients observed any dose-limiting toxicity up to the highest planned dose of 20 mg/kg. The most common adverse events were decreased lymphocyte count, decreased natural killer cell count, increased C-reactive protein, and pyrexia. Grade 3 adverse events (increased blood pressure, decreased lymphocyte count, and decreased platelet count) were observed in two or more patients. The AUCinf showed a dose-proportional increase from the 5 mg/kg dose group to the 20 mg/kg dose group. The trough concentrations of GC33 appeared to reach a steady state after the fourth to the sixth dose. Seven of the 13 patients showed stable disease, the other six showed progressive disease. Furthermore, three patients showed long-term stable disease of more than 5 months. In conclusion, GC33 given at up to 20 mg/kg weekly was well tolerated in Japanese patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.
authors: Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan.
authors: Masafumi
authors: M
authors: Ikeda
authors: Shinichi
authors: S
authors: Ohkawa
authors: Takuji
authors: T
authors: Okusaka
authors: Shuichi
authors: S
authors: Mitsunaga
authors: Satoshi
authors: S
authors: Kobayashi
authors: Chigusa
authors: C
authors: Morizane
authors: Ikue
authors: I
authors: Suzuki
authors: Shunsuke
authors: S
authors: Yamamoto
authors: Junji
authors: J
authors: Furuse
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000920:Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D053673:Glypicans / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; C583671:GC33 monoclonal antibody; D053673:Glypicans
keywords: GC33; Japanese patients; glypican-3; hepatocellular carcinoma; phase I study