title: A screening of five Bacillus thuringiensis Vip3A proteins for their activity against lepidopteran pests.
abstract: Five Bacillus thuringiensis Vip3A proteins (Vip3Aa, Vip3Ab, Vip3Ad, Vip3Ae and Vip3Af) and their corresponding trypsin-activated toxins were tested for their toxicity against eight lepidopteran pests: Agrotis ipsilon, Helicoverpa armigera, Mamestra brassicae, Spodoptera exigua, Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera littoralis, Ostrinia nubilalis and Lobesia botrana. Toxicity was first tested at a high dose at 7 and 10 days. No major differences were found when comparing protoxins vs. trypsin-activated toxins. The proteins that were active against most of the insect species were Vip3Aa, Vip3Ae and Vip3Af, followed by Vip3Ab. Vip3Ad was non-toxic to any of the species tested. Considering the results by insect species, A. ipsilon, S. frugiperda and S. littoralis were susceptible to Vip3Aa, Vip3Ab, Vip3Ae and Vip3Af; S. exigua was susceptible to Vip3Aa and Vip3Ae, and moderately susceptible to Vip3Ab; M. brassicae and L. botrana were susceptible to Vip3Aa, Vip3Ae and Vip3Af; H. armigera was moderately susceptible to Vip3Aa, Vip3Ae and Vip3Af, and O. nubilalis was tolerant to all Vip3 proteins tested, although it showed some susceptibility to Vip3Af. The results obtained will help to design new combinations of insecticidal protein genes in transgenic crops or in recombinant bacteria for the control of insect pests.
authors: Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-UPNA, Gobierno de Navarra, Campus Arrosadía, 31192 Mutilva, Navarra, Spain; Laboratorio de Entomología Agrícola y Patología de Insectos, Departamento de Producción Agraria, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain.
authors: Iñigo
authors: I
authors: Ruiz de Escudero
authors: Departamento de Genética, Facultad de CC. Biológicas, Universitat de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
authors: Núria
authors: N
authors: Banyuls
authors: Departamento de Genética, Facultad de CC. Biológicas, Universitat de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
authors: Yolanda
authors: Y
authors: Bel
authors: Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-UPNA, Gobierno de Navarra, Campus Arrosadía, 31192 Mutilva, Navarra, Spain.
authors: Mireya
authors: M
authors: Maeztu
authors: Departamento de Genética, Facultad de CC. Biológicas, Universitat de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
authors: Baltasar
authors: B
authors: Escriche
authors: Laboratorio de Entomología Agrícola y Patología de Insectos, Departamento de Producción Agraria, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain.
authors: Delia
authors: D
authors: Muñoz
authors: Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-UPNA, Gobierno de Navarra, Campus Arrosadía, 31192 Mutilva, Navarra, Spain; Laboratorio de Entomología Agrícola y Patología de Insectos, Departamento de Producción Agraria, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain.
authors: Primitivo
authors: P
authors: Caballero
authors: Departamento de Genética, Facultad de CC. Biológicas, Universitat de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain. Electronic address: juan.ferre@uv.es.
authors: Juan
authors: J
authors: Ferré
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D007305:Insecticide Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D007915:Lepidoptera / Q000235:genetics* / Q000469:parasitology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010572:Pest Control, Biological / Q000379:methods*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C447139:Vip3A protein, Bacillus thuringiensis
keywords: Bioinsecticides; Crop protection; Insect pest control; Vegetative insecticidal proteins