title: CERAD Neuropsychological Total Scores Reflect Cortical Thinning in Prodromal Alzheimer's Disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sensitive cognitive global scores are beneficial in screening and monitoring for prodromal Alzheimer's disease (AD). Early cortical changes provide a novel opportunity for validating established cognitive total scores against the biological disease markers.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined how two different total scores of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) battery and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) are associated with cortical thickness (CTH) in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and prodromal AD. Cognitive and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of 22 progressive MCI, 78 stable MCI, and 98 control subjects, and MRI data of 103 AD patients of the prospective multicenter study were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CERAD total scores correlated with mean CTH more strongly (r = 0.34-0.38, p < 0.001) than did MMSE (r = 0.19, p = 0.01). Of those vertex clusters that showed thinning in progressive MCI, 60-75% related to the CERAD total scores and 3% to the MMSE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CERAD total scores are sensitive to the CTH signature of prodromal AD, which supports their biological validity in detecting early disease-related cognitive changes.
authors: Cognition and Work Team, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Kuopio, Finland ; Department of Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Paajanen
authors: Department of Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Hänninen
authors: Institute of Psychiatry and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, King's College London ; Department of Medical Engineering and Physics, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Aitken
authors: Department of Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Hallikainen
authors: Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Section of Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Westman
authors: Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Section of Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors: L-O
authors: LO
authors: Wahlund
authors: Department of Medical Psychology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Sobow
authors: Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Mecocci
authors: 3rd University Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Tsolaki
authors: Toulouse Gérontopôle University Hospital, Université Paul Sabatier, INSERM U 558, Toulouse, France.
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Vellas
authors: Institute of Psychiatry and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, King's College London ; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Section of Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Muehlboeck
authors: Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Spenger
authors: Institute of Psychiatry and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, King's College London ; MRC Centre for Neurodegeneration Research, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Lovestone
authors: Institute of Psychiatry and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, King's College London ; MRC Centre for Neurodegeneration Research, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Simmons
authors: Department of Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Soininen
keywords: AddNeuroMed study; Alzheimer's disease; Cognition; Cortical thickness; Magnetic resonance imaging; Memory; Mild cognitive impairment; Neuropsychology