title: Recent developments in the role of high-mobility group box 1 in systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is an important molecule for several nuclear processes. Recently, HMGB1 has gained much attention as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several (auto)-immune diseases, in particular, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A main pathogenic feature in SLE is the accumulation of apoptotic cells. Since HMGB1 is released from apoptotic cells it has been hypothesized that HMGB1 might fuel the inflammatory processes, as seen in this disease, and play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss evidence in support of the theory that HMGB1 is an important mediator in SLE and may be considered a new autoantigen.
authors: Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands.
authors: Fleur
authors: F
authors: Schaper
authors: Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands.
authors: Johanna
authors: J
authors: Westra
authors: Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Martini Hospital, Groningen, the Netherlands.
authors: Marc
authors: M
authors: Bijl
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010587:Phagocytosis; D012216:Rheumatic Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D024243:HMGB1 Protein; C585491:HMGB1 protein, human