title: Nanotoxicology applied to solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers - a systematic review of in vitro data.
abstract: Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) were developed as alternative to other colloidal carriers. They were designed to overcome lipid nanoemulsions and liposomes in stability and ability to control the release of an encapsulated substance, and at the same time to be better tolerated than polymeric nanoparticles. Since the patenting of SLN discovery, large amount of data became available on the behaviour of these systems in vitro. SLN/NLC have many prerequisites to be a well tolerated carrier - the currently available data seem to confirm it, but there are also some contradictory results. In this review, we collected the available data from cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and hemocompatibility studies in vitro and analysed their outcomes. We also provide a summary of the available data in a form of reference table.
authors: Department of Biology and Environment, School of Life and Environmental Sciences (ECVA, UTAD), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal; Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Genomics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (IBB/CGB-UTAD), Vila-Real, Portugal.
authors: Slavomira
authors: S
authors: Doktorovova
authors: Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Genomics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (IBB/CGB-UTAD), Vila-Real, Portugal; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Fernando Pessoa University, UFP, Porto, Portugal.
authors: Eliana B
authors: EB
authors: Souto
authors: Department of Biology and Environment, School of Life and Environmental Sciences (ECVA, UTAD), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal; Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (CITAB-UTAD), Vila-Real, Portugal. Electronic address: amsilva@utad.pt.
authors: Amélia M
authors: AM
authors: Silva
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000379:methods; D014116:Toxicology / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D004337:Drug Carriers; D008055:Lipids; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
keywords: Blood compatibility; Cytotoxicity; Genotoxicity; In vitro studies; Lipid nanoparticles; Nanostructured lipid carriers; Oxidative stress; Solid lipid nanoparticles