title: [Dandy-Walker complex: a clinicopathologic study of 9 cases].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the etiology, pathogenesis, clinicopathologic characteristics, clinical prognosis and treatment of Dandy-Walker syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine cases of Dandy-Walker syndrome were included in the study. The autopsy findings and clinical history were evaluated along with review of the literature. The causes, pathogenetic mechanism, pathologic features and prognosis of Dandy-Walker syndrome were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 9 Dandy-Walker syndrome cases, six patients presented with variants of Dandy-Walker complex and 3 cases had classic Dandy-Walker malformation. In addition, 4 patients presented with combined lateral ventricle expansion and multiple malformations were seen in 7 cases. Combined umbilical cord abnormality was noted in 4 patients with variant of Dandy-Walker complex and combined placental abnormality was seen in one classic Dandy-Walker syndrome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dandy-Walker syndrome is a rare disease. In addition to complex pathogenesis with possible genetic and environmental antigenic etiologies, placental and umbilical cord abnormality may be also related to its development.
authors: Department of Pathology, Haidian Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Beijing 100080, China.
authors: Xiao-bo
authors: XB
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Pathology, Haidian Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Beijing 100080, China. E-mail: gyqgyqgyq181818@163.com.
authors: Yi-qun
authors: YQ
authors: Gu
authors: Department of Pathology, Haidian Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Beijing 100080, China.
authors: Xiao-fei
authors: XF
authors: Sun
authors: Department of Pathology, Haidian Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Beijing 100080, China.
authors: Ying-nan
authors: YN
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Pathology, Haidian Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Beijing 100080, China.
authors: Ai-chun
authors: AC
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D000028:Abortion, Induced; D001344:Autopsy; D003616:Dandy-Walker Syndrome / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D005333:Fetus / Q000473:pathology; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D020547:Lateral Ventricles / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D010927:Placental Insufficiency / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal