title: Long-term results of forward intensity-modulated radiation therapy for patients with early-stage breast cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe long-term clinical outcomes for patients with early-stage breast cancer treated with forward intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), including local control and clinical toxicities.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively analyzed a total of 214 patients with stage I-II breast cancer who were treated with breast conserving surgery followed by adjuvant breast radiation therapy between 2001 and 2008. All patients were treated using forward IMRT. The whole breast was irradiated to a dose of 50 to 50.4 Gy followed by an 8 to 12 Gy electron boost to the surgical bed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median age was 46 years (range, 21 to 82 years) and the medial follow-up time was 7.3 years (range, 2.4 to 11.7 years). Stage T1 was 139 (65%) and T2 was 75 (35%), respectively. Ipsilateral breast recurrence was observed in 3 patients. The 5- and 10-year local control rates were 99.1% and 97.8%, respectively. The cosmetic outcome was evaluated according to the Harvard scale and 89.4% of patients were scored as excellent or good.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The whole breast radiation therapy as an adjuvant treatment using a forward IMRT technique showed excellent long-term local control as well as favorable outcomes of toxicity and cosmesis.
authors: Department of Radiation Oncology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Boram
authors: B
authors: Ha
authors: Department of Radiation Oncology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Hyun Suk
authors: HS
authors: Suh
authors: Department of Radiation Oncology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Jihae
authors: J
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Radiation Oncology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Kyung-Ja
authors: KJ
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Radiation Oncology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Rena
authors: R
authors: Lee
authors: Department of General Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Byung In
authors: BI
authors: Moon
keywords: Breast neoplasms; Forward intensity modulated radiation therapy; Local control