title: Determinants of concurrent sexual partnerships within stable relationships: a qualitative study in Tanzania.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Concurrent sexual partnerships (CP) have been identified as a potential driver in the HIV epidemic in southern Africa, making it essential to understand motivating factors for engagement in CP. We aimed to assess community attitudes and beliefs about relationship factors that influence men and women in stable relationships to engage in CP in Tanzania. Social exchange theory was used for interpreting the data.
  
  
  METHODS
  Qualitative study with focus group discussions (FGDs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Semiurban/rural communities in four regions across Tanzania (Dar es Salaam, Shinyanga, Iringa and Mbeya).
  
  
  METHODS
  120 women aged 17-45 years and 111 men aged 18-49 years from four study areas participated in 32 FGDs.
  
  
  METHODS
  FGD participants were asked the following questions about CP: definitions and types, motivations and justifications for engaging or not engaging, cultural factors, gender and socialisation, and local resources and efforts available for addressing CP. Our analysis focused specifically on beliefs about how relationship factors influence engagement in CP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dissatisfaction with a stable relationship was believed to be a contributing factor for engagement in CP for both men and women. Participants more commonly reported financial dissatisfaction as a contributing factor for women engaging in CP within stable relationships, whereas emotional and sexual dissatisfaction were reported as contributing factors for men and women. Furthermore, participants described how potential outside partners are often evaluated based on what they are able to offer compared with stable partners.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Efforts to reach men and women in stable relationships with HIV prevention messages must consider the various dimensions of motivation for engaging in CP, including relationship dynamics.
authors: Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors: Carie Muntifering
authors: CM
authors: Cox
authors: Stella
authors: S
authors: Babalola
authors: Caitlin E
authors: CE
authors: Kennedy
authors: Jessie
authors: J
authors: Mbwambo
authors: Samuel
authors: S
authors: Likindikoki
authors: Deanna
authors: D
authors: Kerrigan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D012747:Sexual Partners / Q000523:psychology*; D012951:Socialization; D013636:Tanzania
keywords: Concurrent Sexual Partnerships; HIV/AIDS; Qualitative Research; Relationship Satisfaction; Tanzania