title: Erectile dysfunction in patients with diabetes mellitus: its magnitude, predictors and their bio-psycho-social interaction: a study from a developing country.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Persons suffering from diabetes mellitus (DM) are at higher risk of developing erectile dysfunction (ED). Several factors contribute to ED in patients of DM. Only few studies have attempted to explore physical, psychological and social factors in a single study. The aim of the index study was to measure the prevalence of ED in patients of DM and to determine the contributory role of various socio-demographic, physical, and psychological variables.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and thirteen (N = 113) consenting consecutive male married diabetic patients were assessed on International Index of Erectile Function Questionnaire (IIEFQ-5), Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) and Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) to measure erectile performance, quality of marriage and depressive symptoms respectively. Pretested Bengali versions of these scales were used in the index study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prevalence of ED was 38.94%. ED group significantly differed from non-ED group in current age, family type, type of treatment for diabetes, presence of micro/macrovascular complications, history of current tobacco use, quality of marriage, and presence of depressive symptoms. In logistic regression analysis current age, body mass index (BMI) and presence of depressive symptoms had significant predictive role on occurrence of erectile dysfunction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prevalence of ED among diabetic patients is high compared to general population. Both physical and psychosocial factors predict the occurrence of ED in this group. So, both physicians and psychiatrists should remain aware about the multi-faceted causative role of ED in DM.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Calcutta National Medical College, Kolkata, India.
authors: Amitava
authors: A
authors: Dan
authors: Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and J.N.M. Hospital, WBUHS, Kalyani, West Bengal, India. Electronic address: drkaustav2003@yahoo.co.in.
authors: Kaustav
authors: K
authors: Chakraborty
authors: Department of Medicine, NRS Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata, India.
authors: Manas
authors: M
authors: Mondal
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Calcutta Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal, India.
authors: Rajarshi
authors: R
authors: Neogi
authors: Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine & Sagore Datta Hospital, Panihati, West Bengal, India.
authors: Somsubhra
authors: S
authors: Chatterjee
authors: Department of Psychiatry, North Bengal Medical College and Hospital, Darjeeling, West Bengal, India.
authors: Manabendra
authors: M
authors: Makhal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008393:Marriage / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012917:Social Adjustment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Diabetes; Erectile dysfunction; Predictors