title: Effect of gluten free diet on immune response to gliadin in patients with non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Non-celiac gluten sensitivity is a syndrome characterized by gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms occurring in a few hours/days after gluten and/or other wheat protein ingestion and rapidly improving after exclusion of potential dietary triggers. There are no established laboratory markers for non-celiac gluten sensitivity, although a high prevalence of first generation anti-gliadin antibodies of IgG class has been reported in this condition. This study was designed to characterize the effect of the gluten-free diet on anti-gliadin antibodies of IgG class in patients with non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anti-gliadin antibodies of both IgG and IgA classes were assayed by ELISA in 44 non-celiac gluten sensitivity and 40 celiac disease patients after 6 months of gluten-free diet.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority of non-celiac gluten sensitivity patients (93.2%) showed the disappearance of anti-gliadin antibodies of IgG class after 6 months of gluten-free diet; in contrast, 16/40 (40%) of celiac patients displayed the persistence of these antibodies after gluten withdrawal. In non-celiac gluten sensitivity patients anti-gliadin antibodies IgG persistence after gluten withdrawal was significantly correlated with the low compliance to gluten-free diet and a mild clinical response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anti-gliadin antibodies of the IgG class disappear in patients with non-celiac gluten sensitivity reflecting a strict compliance to the gluten-free diet and a good clinical response to gluten withdrawal.
authors: Giacomo
authors: G
authors: Caio
authors: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, St, Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti, 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy. umberto.volta@aosp.bo.it.
authors: Umberto
authors: U
authors: Volta
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Tovoli
authors: Roberto
authors: R
authors: De Giorgio
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000097:blood; D055050:Diet, Gluten-Free; D005260:Female; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D005903:Gliadin / Q000276:immunology*; D005983:Glutens / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D005983:Glutens; D005903:Gliadin