title: Biochemical and atomic force microscopic characterization of salmon nasal cartilage proteoglycan.
abstract: Biological activities of salmon nasal cartilage proteoglycan fractions are known, however, structural information is lacking. Recently, the major proteoglycan of this cartilage was identified as aggrecan. In this study, global molecular images and glycosaminoglycan structure of salmon nasal cartilage aggrecan purified from 4M guanidine hydrochloride extract were analyzed using HPLCs and atomic force microscopy with bovine tracheal cartilage aggrecan as a control. The estimated numbers of sulfates per disaccharide unit of chondroitin sulfate chains of salmon and bovine aggrecans were similar (approximately 0.85). However, the disaccharide composition showed a higher proportion of chondroitin 6-sulfate units in salmon aggrecan, 60%, compared to 40% in bovine. Gel filtration HPLC and monosaccharide analysis showed the salmon aggrecan had a lower number (approximately one-third), but 1.5-3.3 times longer chondroitin sulfate chains than the bovine aggrecan. Atomic force microscopic molecular images of aggrecan supported the images predicted by biochemical analyses.
authors: Department of Glycotechnology, Center for Advanced Medical Research, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan. Electronic address: kaki@cc.hirosaki-u.ac.jp.
authors: Ikuko
authors: I
authors: Kakizaki
authors: Department of Intelligent Machines and System Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan; Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa 992-8510, Japan.
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Mineta
authors: Department of Intelligent Machines and System Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan.
authors: Mana
authors: M
authors: Sasaki
authors: Department of Glycotechnology, Center for Advanced Medical Research, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
authors: Yota
authors: Y
authors: Tatara
authors: Department of Intelligent Machines and System Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan.
authors: Eiji
authors: E
authors: Makino
authors: Laboratory of Food Science, Faculty of Education, Hirosaki University, 1 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki 036-8560, Japan.
authors: Yoji
authors: Y
authors: Kato
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D055171:Nasal Cartilages / Q000737:chemistry*; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000032:analysis*; D012474:Salmon
chemical_list: D011509:Proteoglycans
keywords: Aggrecan; Atomic force microscopy; Chondroitin sulfate; Glycosaminoglycan; Proteoglycan