title: Creatine supplementation and resistance training in vulnerable older women: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial.
abstract: This study aimed to examine the efficacy of creatine supplementation, associated or not with resistance training, in vulnerable older women. A 24-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was performed. Sixty subjects were assigned to compose the following groups: placebo (PL), creatine supplementation (CR), placebo with resistance training (PL+RT), and creatine supplementation with resistance training (CR+RT). The subjects were assessed at baseline and after 24weeks. The primary outcome was muscle strength, as assessed by one-repetition maximum (1-RM) tests. Secondary outcomes included appendicular lean mass, bone mass, biochemical bone markers, and physical function tests. The changes in 1-RM leg press were significantly greater in the CR+RT group (+19.9%) than in the PL (+2.4%) and the CR groups (+3.7%), but not than in the PL+RT group (+15%) (p=0.002, p=0.002, and p=0.357, respectively). The CR+RT group showed superior gains in 1-RM bench press (+10%) when compared with all the other groups (p≤0.05). The CR+RT group (+1.31%) showed greater appendicular lean mass accrual than the PL (-1.2%), the CR (+0.3%), and the PL+RT groups (-0.2%) (p≤0.05). The CR and the PL+RT groups experienced comparable gains in appendicular lean mass (p=0.62), but superior to those seen in the PL group. Changes in fat mass, bone mass and serum bone markers did not significantly differ between the groups (p>0.05). In conclusion, creatine supplementation combined with resistance training improved appendicular lean mass and muscle function, but not bone mass, in older vulnerable women. Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01472393.
authors: School of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of São Paulo, Brazil; School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Bruno
authors: B
authors: Gualano
authors: School of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: André Regis
authors: AR
authors: Macedo
authors: School of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Christiano Robles Rodrigues
authors: CR
authors: Alves
authors: School of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of São Paulo, Brazil; School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Hamilton
authors: H
authors: Roschel
authors: School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Fabiana Braga
authors: FB
authors: Benatti
authors: School of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Liliam
authors: L
authors: Takayama
authors: School of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Ana Lucia
authors: AL
authors: de Sá Pinto
authors: School of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Fernanda Rodrigues
authors: FR
authors: Lima
authors: School of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: rosamariarp@yahoo.com.
authors: Rosa Maria Rodrigues
authors: RM
authors: Pereira
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon / Q000379:methods; D000368:Aged; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003401:Creatine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology; D010349:Patient Compliance; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D055948:Sarcopenia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D003401:Creatine
keywords: Aging; Creatine; Diet; Elderly; Resistance training