title: Nutrient-based dietary patterns and prostate cancer risk: a case-control study from Italy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The role of various foods and nutrients, and their combinations, on prostate cancer risk remains largely undefined. We addressed therefore the issue of complex dietary patterns.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed data from an Italian case-control study, including 1,294 men with prostate cancer and 1,451 hospital controls. We carried out an exploratory principal component factor analysis on 28 selected nutrients in order to identify dietary patterns. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding confidence intervals (CIs) using logistic regression models on quintiles of factor scores, adjusting for major confounding variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified five dietary patterns, labeled "Animal Products," "Vitamins and Fiber," "Starch-rich," "Vegetable Unsaturated Fatty Acids (VUFA)," and "Animal Unsaturated Fatty Acids (AUFA)." We found positive associations between prostate cancer and "Animal Products" (OR for the highest vs. the lowest score quintile: 1.51, 95 % CI 1.16-1.96), "Starch-rich" (OR 1.50, 95 % CI 1.16 1.93), and "AUFA" (OR 1.32, 95 % CI 1.02-1.70) patterns. No significant associations emerged with "Vitamins and Fiber" (OR 0.93) and "VUFA" (OR 1.16) patterns.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that a diet rich in animal products, including several types of meat and dairy products, as well as of (refined) cereals and sugars has an unfavorable role on prostate cancer.
authors: Department of Epidemiology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy.
authors: Valentina
authors: V
authors: Rosato
authors: Valeria
authors: V
authors: Edefonti
authors: Francesca
authors: F
authors: Bravi
authors: Cristina
authors: C
authors: Bosetti
authors: Paola
authors: P
authors: Bertuccio
authors: Renato
authors: R
authors: Talamini
authors: Luigino
authors: L
authors: Dal Maso
authors: Maurizio
authors: M
authors: Montella
authors: Monica
authors: M
authors: Ferraroni
authors: Carlo
authors: C
authors: La Vecchia
authors: Adriano
authors: A
authors: Decarli
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors