title: Lack of correlation between HRM metrics and symptoms during the manometric protocol.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although esophageal motor disorders are associated with chest pain and dysphagia, minimal data support a direct relationship between abnormal motor function and symptoms. This study investigated whether high-resolution manometry (HRM) metrics correlate with symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive HRM patients without previous surgery were enrolled. HRM studies included 10 supine liquid, 5 upright liquid, 2 upright viscous, and 2 upright solid swallows. All patients evaluated their esophageal symptom for each upright swallow. Symptoms were graded on a 4-point likert score (0, none; 1, mild; 2, moderate; 3, severe). The individual liquid, viscous or solid upright swallow with the maximal symptom score was selected for analysis in each patient. HRM metrics were compared between groups with and without symptoms during the upright liquid protocol and the provocative protocols separately.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 269 patients recorded symptoms during the upright liquid swallows and 72 patients had a swallow symptom score of 1 or greater. Of the 269 patients, 116 recorded symptoms during viscous or solid swallows. HRM metrics were similar between swallows with and without associated symptoms in the upright, viscous, and solid swallows. No correlation was noted between HRM metrics and symptom scores among swallow types.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Esophageal symptoms are not related to abnormal motor function defined by HRM during liquid, viscous or solid bolus swallows in the upright position. Other factors beyond circular muscle contraction patterns should be explored as possible causes of symptom generation.
authors: 1] Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China [2] Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors: Yinglian
authors: Y
authors: Xiao
authors: Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors: Peter J
authors: PJ
authors: Kahrilas
authors: 1] Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA [2] Department of Thoracic Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors: Frédéric
authors: F
authors: Nicodème
authors: Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors: Zhiyue
authors: Z
authors: Lin
authors: Department of Digestive Physiology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon l University, Lyon, France.
authors: Sabine
authors: S
authors: Roman
authors: Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors: John E
authors: JE
authors: Pandolfino
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003679:Deglutition / Q000502:physiology*; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015154:Esophageal Motility Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D056888:Patient Positioning; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis