title: Genetic analysis of GRIA2 and GRIA4 genes in migraine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Migraine is a brain disorder affecting ∼12% of the Caucasian population. Genes involved in neurological, vascular, and hormonal pathways have all been implicated in predisposing individuals to developing migraine. The migraineur presents with disabling head pain and varying symptoms of nausea, emesis, photophobia, phonophobia, and occasionally visual sensory disturbances. Biochemical and genetic studies have demonstrated dysfunction of neurotransmitters: serotonin, dopamine, and glutamate in migraine susceptibility. Glutamate mediates the transmission of excitatory signals in the mammalian central nervous system that affect normal brain function including cognition, memory and learning. The aim of this study was to investigate polymorphisms in the GRIA2 and GRIA4 genes, which encode subunits of the ionotropic AMPA receptor for association in an Australian Caucasian population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genotypes for each polymorphism were determined using high resolution melt analysis and the RFLP method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistical analysis showed no association between migraine and the GRIA2 and GRIA4 polymorphisms investigated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the results of this study showed no significant association between the tested GRIA gene variants and migraine in our Australian Caucasian population further investigation of other components of the glutamatergic system may help to elucidate if there is a relationship between glutamatergic dysfunction and migraine.
authors: Genomics Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.
authors: Claudia F
authors: CF
authors: Gasparini
authors: Heidi G
authors: HG
authors: Sutherland
authors: Larisa M
authors: LM
authors: Haupt
authors: Lyn R
authors: LR
authors: Griffiths
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D001315:Australia; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D018091:Receptors, AMPA / Q000235:genetics*; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D018091:Receptors, AMPA; C104724:glutamate receptor ionotropic, AMPA 4; C104722:glutamate receptor ionotropic, AMPA 2
keywords: AMPA receptor; GRIA2; GRIA4; glutamate; migraine; migraine with aura; migraine without aura