title: Carbon-based nanomaterials accelerate arteriolar thrombus formation in the murine microcirculation independently of their shape.
abstract: Although carbon-based nanomaterials (CBNs) have been shown to exert prothrombotic effects in microvessels, it is poorly understood whether CBNs also have the potential to interfere with the process of leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions and whether the shape of CBNs plays a role in these processes. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the acute effects of two differently shaped CBNs, fiber-shaped single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) and spherical ultrafine carbon black (CB), on thrombus formation as well as on leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions and leukocyte transmigration in the murine microcirculation upon systemic administration in vivo. Systemic administration of both SWCNT and CB accelerated arteriolar thrombus formation at a dose of 1 mg kg(-1) body weight, whereas SWCNT exerted a prothrombotic effect also at a lower dose (0.1 mg kg(-1) body weight). In vitro, both CBNs induced P-selectin expression on human platelets and formation of platelet-granulocyte complexes. In contrast, injection of fiber-shaped SWCNT or of spherical CB did not induce leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions or leukocyte transmigration. In vitro, both CBNs slightly increased the expression of activation markers on human monocytes and granulocytes. These findings suggest that systemic administration of CBNs accelerates arteriolar thrombus formation independently of the CBNs' shape, but does not induce leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions or leukocyte transmigration.
authors: Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, Munich, Germany.
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Holzer
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Bihari
authors: Marc
authors: M
authors: Praetner
authors: Bernd
authors: B
authors: Uhl
authors: Christoph
authors: C
authors: Reichel
authors: Janos
authors: J
authors: Fent
authors: Minnamari
authors: M
authors: Vippola
authors: Susan
authors: S
authors: Lakatos
authors: Fritz
authors: F
authors: Krombach
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001160:Arterioles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000633:toxicity*; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053260:Soot / Q000633:toxicity*; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D019007:P-Selectin; D053260:Soot
keywords: carbon black; carbon nanotubes; in vivo microscopy; inflammation; leukocytes; microcirculation; nanoparticles; platelets; thrombosis