title: Effect of pulsed radiofrequency neuromodulation on clinical improvements in the patients of chronic intractable shoulder pain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate effect of pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) neuromodulation of suprascpaular nerve (SSN) in patients with chronic shoulder pain due to adhesive capsulitis and/or rotator cuff tear.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 11 patients suffering from chronic shoulder pain for at least 6 months who were diagnosed with adhesive capsulitis (n=4), rotator cuff tear (n=5), or adhesive capsulitis+rotator cuff tear (n=2) using shoulder magnetic resonance imaging or extremity ultrasonography. After a favorable response to a diagnostic suprascapular nerve block twice a week (pain improvement >50%), PRF neuromodulation was performed. Shoulder pain and quality of life were assessed using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS) before the diagnostic block and every month after PRF neuromodulation over a 9-month period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean VAS score of 11 patients before PRF was 6.4±1.49, and the scores at 6-month and 9 month follow-up were 1.0±0.73 and 1.5±1.23, respectively. A significant pain reduction (p<0.001) was observed. The mean OSS score of 11 patients before PRF was 22.7±8.1, and the scores at 6-month and 9 month follow-up were 41.5±6.65 and 41.0±6.67, respectively. A significant OSS improvement (p<0.001) was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PRF neuromodulation of the suprascapular nerve is an effective treatment for chronic shoulder pain, and the effect was sustained over a relatively long period in patients with medically intractable shoulder pain.
authors: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea.
authors: Ji Su
authors: JS
authors: Jang
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea.
authors: Hyuk Jai
authors: HJ
authors: Choi
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea.
authors: Suk Hyung
authors: SH
authors: Kang
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea.
authors: Jin Seo
authors: JS
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea.
authors: Jae Jun
authors: JJ
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea.
authors: Sung Mi
authors: SM
authors: Hwang
keywords: Chronic pain; Failed back surgery syndrome; Spinal cord stimulation; Spinal surgery