title: Neuropilin regulation of angiogenesis, arteriogenesis, and vascular permeability.
abstract: The formation of the cardiovasculature, consisting of both the heart and blood vessels, is a critical step in embryonic development and relies on three processes termed vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, and vascular remodeling. The transmembrane protein NRP1 is an essential modulator of embryonic angiogenesis with additional roles in vessel remodeling and arteriogenesis. NRP1 also enhances arteriogenesis in adults to alleviate pathological tissue ischemia. However, in certain circumstances, vascular NRP1 signaling can be detrimental, as it may promote cancer by enhancing tumor angiogenesis or contribute to tissue edema by increasing vascular permeability. Understanding the mechanisms of NRP1 signaling is, therefore, of profound importance for the design of therapies aiming to control vascular functions. Previous work has shown that vascular NRP1 can variably serve as a receptor for two secreted glycoproteins, the VEGF-A and SEMA3A, but it also has a poorly understood role as an adhesion receptor. Here, we review current knowledge of NRP1 function during blood vessel growth and homeostasis, with special emphasis on the vascular roles of its multiple ligands and signaling partners.
authors: UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK.
authors: Alice
authors: A
authors: Plein
authors: Alessandro
authors: A
authors: Fantin
authors: Christiana
authors: C
authors: Ruhrberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002199:Capillary Permeability; D006801:Humans; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D039942:Neuropilin-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D040121:Semaphorin-3A / Q000378:metabolism; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism; D066253:Vascular Remodeling
chemical_list: D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C108639:SEMA3A protein, human; D040121:Semaphorin-3A; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D039942:Neuropilin-1
keywords: NRP1; SEMA3A; VEGF; VEGF-A; VEGFR2; angiogenesis; arteriogenesis; endothelial cells; neuropilin; vascular permeability