title: The role of activation-induced cytidine deaminase expression in gastric adenocarcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gastric adenocarcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors and the leading cause of malignancy-related death worldwide. Studies have reported overexpression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) and protein kinase c iota (PKCi) proteins showing involvement in the regulation of carcinogenesis. In the present study, we investigated the expression of AID and PKCi in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and determined the correlation between these proteins.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was conducted between September 2009 and September 2010 on a total of 59 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma at the Tokushima University Hospital. AID, PKCi and mutated p53 protein expressions were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in gastric adenocarcinoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High AID and PKCi expression was significantly (p<0.05) associated with poorly-differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma. In addition, PKCi expression was significantly correlated with clinicopathological findings such as a lymph node metastasis, and venous and lymphatic invasion (p<0.05). Furthermore, AID expression was significantly correlated with PKCi and mutated p53 protein expression in gastric adenocarcinoma (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High AID and PKCi expressions were significantly correlated with poorly-differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma.
authors: FACS. Professor and Chairman, Department of Surgery, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan. mitsuo.shimada@tokushima-u.ac.jp.
authors: Bat-Erdene
authors: BE
authors: Batsaikhan
authors: Nobuhiro
authors: N
authors: Kurita
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Iwata
authors: Hirohiko
authors: H
authors: Sato
authors: Kozo
authors: K
authors: Yoshikawa
authors: Chie
authors: C
authors: Takasu
authors: Hideya
authors: H
authors: Kashihara
authors: Noriko
authors: N
authors: Matsumoto
authors: Hiroki
authors: H
authors: Ishibashi
authors: Mitsuo
authors: M
authors: Shimada
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology*; D015996:Survival Rate; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D000099293:Protein Kinase C-lambda
chemical_list: D003564:Cytidine Deaminase; D007527:Isoenzymes; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D000099293:Protein Kinase C-lambda; C495901:TP53 protein, human
keywords: AID; PKCi; gastric adenocarcinoma