title: Genome-wide trans-ancestry meta-analysis provides insight into the genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes susceptibility.
abstract: To further understanding of the genetic basis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) susceptibility, we aggregated published meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies (GWAS), including 26,488 cases and 83,964 controls of European, east Asian, south Asian and Mexican and Mexican American ancestry. We observed a significant excess in the directional consistency of T2D risk alleles across ancestry groups, even at SNPs demonstrating only weak evidence of association. By following up the strongest signals of association from the trans-ethnic meta-analysis in an additional 21,491 cases and 55,647 controls of European ancestry, we identified seven new T2D susceptibility loci. Furthermore, we observed considerable improvements in the fine-mapping resolution of common variant association signals at several T2D susceptibility loci. These observations highlight the benefits of trans-ethnic GWAS for the discovery and characterization of complex trait loci and emphasize an exciting opportunity to extend insight into the genetic architecture and pathogenesis of human diseases across populations of diverse ancestry.
authors: Anubha
authors: A
authors: Mahajan
authors: Min Jin
authors: MJ
authors: Go
authors: Weihua
authors: W
authors: Zhang
authors: Jennifer E
authors: JE
authors: Below
authors: Kyle J
authors: KJ
authors: Gaulton
authors: Teresa
authors: T
authors: Ferreira
authors: Momoko
authors: M
authors: Horikoshi
authors: Andrew D
authors: AD
authors: Johnson
authors: Maggie C Y
authors: MC
authors: Ng
authors: Inga
authors: I
authors: Prokopenko
authors: Danish
authors: D
authors: Saleheen
authors: Xu
authors: X
authors: Wang
authors: Eleftheria
authors: E
authors: Zeggini
authors: Goncalo R
authors: GR
authors: Abecasis
authors: Linda S
authors: LS
authors: Adair
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Almgren
authors: Mustafa
authors: M
authors: Atalay
authors: Tin
authors: T
authors: Aung
authors: Damiano
authors: D
authors: Baldassarre
authors: Beverley
authors: B
authors: Balkau
authors: Yuqian
authors: Y
authors: Bao
authors: Anthony H
authors: AH
authors: Barnett
authors: Ines
authors: I
authors: Barroso
authors: Abdul
authors: A
authors: Basit
authors: Latonya F
authors: LF
authors: Been
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Beilby
authors: Graeme I
authors: GI
authors: Bell
authors: Rafn
authors: R
authors: Benediktsson
authors: Richard N
authors: RN
authors: Bergman
authors: Bernhard O
authors: BO
authors: Boehm
authors: Eric
authors: E
authors: Boerwinkle
authors: Lori L
authors: LL
authors: Bonnycastle
authors: Noël
authors: N
authors: Burtt
authors: Qiuyin
authors: Q
authors: Cai
authors: Harry
authors: H
authors: Campbell
authors: Jason
authors: J
authors: Carey
authors: Stephane
authors: S
authors: Cauchi
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Caulfield
authors: Juliana C N
authors: JC
authors: Chan
authors: Li-Ching
authors: LC
authors: Chang
authors: Tien-Jyun
authors: TJ
authors: Chang
authors: Yi-Cheng
authors: YC
authors: Chang
authors: Guillaume
authors: G
authors: Charpentier
authors: Chien-Hsiun
authors: CH
authors: Chen
authors: Han
authors: H
authors: Chen
authors: Yuan-Tsong
authors: YT
authors: Chen
authors: Kee-Seng
authors: KS
authors: Chia
authors: Manickam
authors: M
authors: Chidambaram
authors: Peter S
authors: PS
authors: Chines
authors: Nam H
authors: NH
authors: Cho
authors: Young Min
authors: YM
authors: Cho
authors: Lee-Ming
authors: LM
authors: Chuang
authors: Francis S
authors: FS
authors: Collins
authors: Marylin C
authors: MC
authors: Cornelis
authors: David J
authors: DJ
authors: Couper
authors: Andrew T
authors: AT
authors: Crenshaw
authors: Rob M
authors: RM
authors: van Dam
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Danesh
authors: Debashish
authors: D
authors: Das
authors: Ulf
authors: U
authors: de Faire
authors: George
authors: G
authors: Dedoussis
authors: Panos
authors: P
authors: Deloukas
authors: Antigone S
authors: AS
authors: Dimas
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Dina
authors: Alex S
authors: AS
authors: Doney
authors: Peter J
authors: PJ
authors: Donnelly
authors: Mozhgan
authors: M
authors: Dorkhan
authors: Cornelia
authors: C
authors: van Duijn
authors: Josée
authors: J
authors: Dupuis
authors: Sarah
authors: S
authors: Edkins
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Elliott
authors: Valur
authors: V
authors: Emilsson
authors: Raimund
authors: R
authors: Erbel
authors: Johan G
authors: JG
authors: Eriksson
authors: Jorge
authors: J
authors: Escobedo
authors: Tonu
authors: T
authors: Esko
authors: Elodie
authors: E
authors: Eury
authors: Jose C
authors: JC
authors: Florez
authors: Pierre
authors: P
authors: Fontanillas
authors: Nita G
authors: NG
authors: Forouhi
authors: Tom
authors: T
authors: Forsen
authors: Caroline
authors: C
authors: Fox
authors: Ross M
authors: RM
authors: Fraser
authors: Timothy M
authors: TM
authors: Frayling
authors: Philippe
authors: P
authors: Froguel
authors: Philippe
authors: P
authors: Frossard
authors: Yutang
authors: Y
authors: Gao
authors: Karl
authors: K
authors: Gertow
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Gieger
authors: Bruna
authors: B
authors: Gigante
authors: Harald
authors: H
authors: Grallert
authors: George B
authors: GB
authors: Grant
authors: Leif C
authors: LC
authors: Grrop
authors: Chrisropher J
authors: CJ
authors: Groves
authors: Elin
authors: E
authors: Grundberg
authors: Candace
authors: C
authors: Guiducci
authors: Anders
authors: A
authors: Hamsten
authors: Bok-Ghee
authors: BG
authors: Han
authors: Kazuo
authors: K
authors: Hara
authors: Neelam
authors: N
authors: Hassanali
authors: Andrew T
authors: AT
authors: Hattersley
authors: Caroline
authors: C
authors: Hayward
authors: Asa K
authors: AK
authors: Hedman
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Herder
authors: Albert
authors: A
authors: Hofman
authors: Oddgeir L
authors: OL
authors: Holmen
authors: Kees
authors: K
authors: Hovingh
authors: Astradur B
authors: AB
authors: Hreidarsson
authors: Cheng
authors: C
authors: Hu
authors: Frank B
authors: FB
authors: Hu
authors: Jennie
authors: J
authors: Hui
authors: Steve E
authors: SE
authors: Humphries
authors: Sarah E
authors: SE
authors: Hunt
authors: David J
authors: DJ
authors: Hunter
authors: Kristian
authors: K
authors: Hveem
authors: Zafar I
authors: ZI
authors: Hydrie
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Ikegami
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Illig
authors: Erik
authors: E
authors: Ingelsson
authors: Muhammed
authors: M
authors: Islam
authors: Bo
authors: B
authors: Isomaa
authors: Anne U
authors: AU
authors: Jackson
authors: Tazeen
authors: T
authors: Jafar
authors: Alan
authors: A
authors: James
authors: Weiping
authors: W
authors: Jia
authors: Karl-Heinz
authors: KH
authors: Jöckel
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Jonsson
authors: Jeremy B M
authors: JB
authors: Jowett
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Kadowaki
authors: Hyun Min
authors: HM
authors: Kang
authors: Stavroula
authors: S
authors: Kanoni
authors: Wen Hong L
authors: WH
authors: Kao
authors: Sekar
authors: S
authors: Kathiresan
authors: Norihiro
authors: N
authors: Kato
authors: Prasad
authors: P
authors: Katulanda
authors: Kirkka M
authors: KM
authors: Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi
authors: Ann M
authors: AM
authors: Kelly
authors: Hassan
authors: H
authors: Khan
authors: Kay-Tee
authors: KT
authors: Khaw
authors: Chiea-Chuen
authors: CC
authors: Khor
authors: Hyung-Lae
authors: HL
authors: Kim
authors: Sangsoo
authors: S
authors: Kim
authors: Young Jin
authors: YJ
authors: Kim
authors: Leena
authors: L
authors: Kinnunen
authors: Norman
authors: N
authors: Klopp
authors: Augustine
authors: A
authors: Kong
authors: Eeva
authors: E
authors: Korpi-Hyövälti
authors: Sudhir
authors: S
authors: Kowlessur
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Kraft
authors: Jasmina
authors: J
authors: Kravic
authors: Malene M
authors: MM
authors: Kristensen
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Krithika
authors: Ashish
authors: A
authors: Kumar
authors: Jesus
authors: J
authors: Kumate
authors: Johanna
authors: J
authors: Kuusisto
authors: Soo Heon
authors: SH
authors: Kwak
authors: Markku
authors: M
authors: Laakso
authors: Vasiliki
authors: V
authors: Lagou
authors: Timo A
authors: TA
authors: Lakka
authors: Claudia
authors: C
authors: Langenberg
authors: Cordelia
authors: C
authors: Langford
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Lawrence
authors: Karin
authors: K
authors: Leander
authors: Jen-Mai
authors: JM
authors: Lee
authors: Nanette R
authors: NR
authors: Lee
authors: Man
authors: M
authors: Li
authors: Xinzhong
authors: X
authors: Li
authors: Yun
authors: Y
authors: Li
authors: Junbin
authors: J
authors: Liang
authors: Samuel
authors: S
authors: Liju
authors: Wei-Yen
authors: WY
authors: Lim
authors: Lars
authors: L
authors: Lind
authors: Cecilia M
authors: CM
authors: Lindgren
authors: Eero
authors: E
authors: Lindholm
authors: Ching-Ti
authors: CT
authors: Liu
authors: Jian Jun
authors: JJ
authors: Liu
authors: Stéphane
authors: S
authors: Lobbens
authors: Jirong
authors: J
authors: Long
authors: Ruth J F
authors: RJ
authors: Loos
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Lu
authors: Jian'an
authors: J
authors: Luan
authors: Valeriya
authors: V
authors: Lyssenko
authors: Ronald C W
authors: RC
authors: Ma
authors: Shiro
authors: S
authors: Maeda
authors: Reedik
authors: R
authors: Mägi
authors: Satu
authors: S
authors: Männisto
authors: David R
authors: DR
authors: Matthews
authors: James B
authors: JB
authors: Meigs
authors: Olle
authors: O
authors: Melander
authors: Andres
authors: A
authors: Metspalu
authors: Julia
authors: J
authors: Meyer
authors: Ghazala
authors: G
authors: Mirza
authors: Evelin
authors: E
authors: Mihailov
authors: Susanne
authors: S
authors: Moebus
authors: Viswanathan
authors: V
authors: Mohan
authors: Karen L
authors: KL
authors: Mohlke
authors: Andrew D
authors: AD
authors: Morris
authors: Thomas W
authors: TW
authors: Mühleisen
authors: Martina
authors: M
authors: Müller-Nurasyid
authors: Bill
authors: B
authors: Musk
authors: Jiro
authors: J
authors: Nakamura
authors: Eitaro
authors: E
authors: Nakashima
authors: Pau
authors: P
authors: Navarro
authors: Peng-Keat
authors: PK
authors: Ng
authors: Alexandra C
authors: AC
authors: Nica
authors: Peter M
authors: PM
authors: Nilsson
authors: Inger
authors: I
authors: Njølstad
authors: Markus M
authors: MM
authors: Nöthen
authors: Keizo
authors: K
authors: Ohnaka
authors: Twee Hee
authors: TH
authors: Ong
authors: Katharine R
authors: KR
authors: Owen
authors: Colin N A
authors: CN
authors: Palmer
authors: James S
authors: JS
authors: Pankow
authors: Kyong Soo
authors: KS
authors: Park
authors: Melissa
authors: M
authors: Parkin
authors: Sonali
authors: S
authors: Pechlivanis
authors: Nancy L
authors: NL
authors: Pedersen
authors: Leena
authors: L
authors: Peltonen
authors: John R B
authors: JR
authors: Perry
authors: Annette
authors: A
authors: Peters
authors: Janini M
authors: JM
authors: Pinidiyapathirage
authors: Carl G
authors: CG
authors: Platou
authors: Simon
authors: S
authors: Potter
authors: Jackie F
authors: JF
authors: Price
authors: Lu
authors: L
authors: Qi
authors: Venkatesan
authors: V
authors: Radha
authors: Loukianos
authors: L
authors: Rallidis
authors: Asif
authors: A
authors: Rasheed
authors: Wolfgang
authors: W
authors: Rathman
authors: Rainer
authors: R
authors: Rauramaa
authors: Soumya
authors: S
authors: Raychaudhuri
authors: N William
authors: NW
authors: Rayner
authors: Simon D
authors: SD
authors: Rees
authors: Emil
authors: E
authors: Rehnberg
authors: Samuli
authors: S
authors: Ripatti
authors: Neil
authors: N
authors: Robertson
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Roden
authors: Elizabeth J
authors: EJ
authors: Rossin
authors: Igor
authors: I
authors: Rudan
authors: Denis
authors: D
authors: Rybin
authors: Timo E
authors: TE
authors: Saaristo
authors: Veikko
authors: V
authors: Salomaa
authors: Juha
authors: J
authors: Saltevo
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Samuel
authors: Dharambir K
authors: DK
authors: Sanghera
authors: Jouko
authors: J
authors: Saramies
authors: James
authors: J
authors: Scott
authors: Laura J
authors: LJ
authors: Scott
authors: Robert A
authors: RA
authors: Scott
authors: Ayellet V
authors: AV
authors: Segrè
authors: Joban
authors: J
authors: Sehmi
authors: Bengt
authors: B
authors: Sennblad
authors: Nabi
authors: N
authors: Shah
authors: Sonia
authors: S
authors: Shah
authors: A Samad
authors: AS
authors: Shera
authors: Xiao Ou
authors: XO
authors: Shu
authors: Alan R
authors: AR
authors: Shuldiner
authors: Gunnar
authors: G
authors: Sigurđsson
authors: Eric
authors: E
authors: Sijbrands
authors: Angela
authors: A
authors: Silveira
authors: Xueling
authors: X
authors: Sim
authors: Suthesh
authors: S
authors: Sivapalaratnam
authors: Kerrin S
authors: KS
authors: Small
authors: Wing Yee
authors: WY
authors: So
authors: Alena
authors: A
authors: Stančáková
authors: Kari
authors: K
authors: Stefansson
authors: Gerald
authors: G
authors: Steinbach
authors: Valgerdur
authors: V
authors: Steinthorsdottir
authors: Kathleen
authors: K
authors: Stirrups
authors: Rona J
authors: RJ
authors: Strawbridge
authors: Heather M
authors: HM
authors: Stringham
authors: Qi
authors: Q
authors: Sun
authors: Chen
authors: C
authors: Suo
authors: Ann-Christine
authors: AC
authors: Syvänen
authors: Ryoichi
authors: R
authors: Takayanagi
authors: Fumihiko
authors: F
authors: Takeuchi
authors: Wan Ting
authors: WT
authors: Tay
authors: Tanya M
authors: TM
authors: Teslovich
authors: Barbara
authors: B
authors: Thorand
authors: Gudmar
authors: G
authors: Thorleifsson
authors: Unnur
authors: U
authors: Thorsteinsdottir
authors: Emmi
authors: E
authors: Tikkanen
authors: Joseph
authors: J
authors: Trakalo
authors: Elena
authors: E
authors: Tremoli
authors: Mieke D
authors: MD
authors: Trip
authors: Fuu Jen
authors: FJ
authors: Tsai
authors: Tiinamaija
authors: T
authors: Tuomi
authors: Jaakko
authors: J
authors: Tuomilehto
authors: Andre G
authors: AG
authors: Uitterlinden
authors: Adan
authors: A
authors: Valladares-Salgado
authors: Sailaja
authors: S
authors: Vedantam
authors: Fabrizio
authors: F
authors: Veglia
authors: Benjamin F
authors: BF
authors: Voight
authors: Congrong
authors: C
authors: Wang
authors: Nicholas J
authors: NJ
authors: Wareham
authors: Roman
authors: R
authors: Wennauer
authors: Ananda R
authors: AR
authors: Wickremasinghe
authors: Tom
authors: T
authors: Wilsgaard
authors: James F
authors: JF
authors: Wilson
authors: Steven
authors: S
authors: Wiltshire
authors: Wendy
authors: W
authors: Winckler
authors: Tien Yin
authors: TY
authors: Wong
authors: Andrew R
authors: AR
authors: Wood
authors: Jer-Yuarn
authors: JY
authors: Wu
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Wu
authors: Ken
authors: K
authors: Yamamoto
authors: Toshimasa
authors: T
authors: Yamauchi
authors: Mingyu
authors: M
authors: Yang
authors: Loic
authors: L
authors: Yengo
authors: Mitsuhiro
authors: M
authors: Yokota
authors: Robin
authors: R
authors: Young
authors: Delilah
authors: D
authors: Zabaneh
authors: Fan
authors: F
authors: Zhang
authors: Rong
authors: R
authors: Zhang
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Zheng
authors: Paul Z
authors: PZ
authors: Zimmet
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Altshuler
authors: Donald W
authors: DW
authors: Bowden
authors: Yoon Shin
authors: YS
authors: Cho
authors: Nancy J
authors: NJ
authors: Cox
authors: Miguel
authors: M
authors: Cruz
authors: Craig L
authors: CL
authors: Hanis
authors: Jaspal
authors: J
authors: Kooner
authors: Jong-Young
authors: JY
authors: Lee
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Seielstad
authors: Yik Ying
authors: YY
authors: Teo
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Boehnke
authors: Esteban J
authors: EJ
authors: Parra
authors: Jonh C
authors: JC
authors: Chambers
authors: E Shyong
authors: ES
authors: Tai
authors: Mark I
authors: MI
authors: McCarthy
authors: Andrew P
authors: AP
authors: Morris
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics