title: Ectomorphic somatotype and joint hypermobility are linked in panic and agoraphobic patients: a case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test whether there is an association between somatotype measures, joint hypermobility (JH), and panic and/or agoraphobia (PA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sociodemographic characteristics, somatotype, and JH status were assessed in 60 patients (30 men and 30 women) with PA and 60 non-clinical controls, matched by age and gender.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients and controls categorized by gender did not differ in terms of age, educational degree, marital status, or labour situation. There were significant differences between mean somatotype groups both in men and women. Men and women somatotype patients were significantly less endomorphic and more ectomorphic than controls. Hypermobility was significantly more frequent in both male and female patients. In the entire sample, 38.3% of patients and 13.3% of controls were categorized as ectomorphic (χ(2) = 8.5, p = 0.004). After adjusting for age and sex, ectomorphic somatotype was independently related to JH status [OR = 3.25, 95% CI 1.35-7.8, p = 0.008].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Since PA may be associated with JH, it is suggested that the relationship found between panic and ectomorphic somatotype might be mediated through JH.
authors: Anxiety Unit - Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Addicions (INAD), Hospital del Mar , Barcelona , Spain.
authors: Guillem
authors: G
authors: Pailhez
authors: Silvia
authors: S
authors: Rosado
authors: Carolina
authors: C
authors: Baeza-Velasco
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Bulbena
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000379:Agoraphobia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016584:Panic Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013008:Somatotypes / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Somatotype; agoraphobia; ectomorph; joint hypermobility; panic disorder