title: K-12 students with concussions: a legal perspective.
abstract: This article provides a multipart analysis of the public schools' responsibility for students with concussions. The first part provides the prevailing diagnostic definitions of concussions and postconcussive syndrome. The second and central part provides (a) the legal framework of the two overlapping federal laws--the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act and the varying state laws or local policies for individual health plans and (b) a summary of the developing body of hearing officer decisions, court decisions, and Office for Civil Rights rulings that have applied this framework to K-12 students with concussions. The final part offers recommendations for proactive return to school policies, with the school nurse playing a central supporting role.
authors: Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA.
authors: Perry A
authors: PA
authors: Zirkel
authors: Brain Injury Association of Pennsylvania, New Castle, PA, USA eaganbrown@biapa.org.
authors: Brenda Eagan
authors: BE
authors: Brown
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001924:Brain Concussion / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D012572:School Health Services / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D012573:School Nursing / Q000379:methods*; D012574:Schools / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D013334:Students / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*
keywords: academic achievement; attendance; best practices; collaboration; ethical issues; high school; junior; legal; middle; multidisciplinary teams; policies; practice guidelines; procedures; school nurse education