title: Factors predicting the surgical outcome in patients with T3/4 lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Locally advanced lung cancer, such as T3/4 tumors, is considered to have a significantly worse prognosis than lower-stage disease, and the treatment of these tumors is difficult. Nevertheless, the information regarding the optimal treatment of T3/4 lung cancers after an operation is still limited. This study evaluated the prognostic factors for the postoperative outcome in patients with T3/4 lung cancers.
  
  
  METHODS
  The results of the surgical treatments were retrospectively analyzed for 212 patients with pathological T3 and 197 patients with T4 disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The global 5-year survival rate was 30.7% in this series. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate in patients with T3 disease was 36.1%, while that in patients with T4 disease was 24.8%. The prognosis in females, those with N0-1 disease and those who underwent a complete resection was better than that of the other patients in both the T3 and T4 subgroups. The examination of the OS according to a time series showed that the rate was higher in more recent versus less recent years. From the standpoint of pulmonary metastasis (PM), the 5-year OS rates in T4 patients with PM and without PM were 38.6 and 17.4%, respectively. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that female gender, T3 disease, N0-1 disease and postoperative treatment were significant favorable prognostic predictors for OS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that surgical resection remains an important treatment option, especially in cases having the aforementioned factors.
authors: Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan, hidetaka@med.uoeh-u.ac.jp.
authors: Hidetaka
authors: H
authors: Uramoto
authors: Hidehiko
authors: H
authors: Shimokawa
authors: Takeshi
authors: T
authors: Hanagiri
authors: Yoshinobu
authors: Y
authors: Ichiki
authors: Fumihiro
authors: F
authors: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D011379:Prognosis; D012737:Sex Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult