title: Differential expression of E-cadherin, β-catenin, and S100A4 in intestinal type and nonintestinal type ampulla of Vater cancers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins may exhibit differential expression in intestinal type or pancreatobiliary type ampulla of Vater carcinomas (AVCs). We evaluated the expression of E-cadherin, β-catenin, and S100A4 in intestinal and nonintestinal type AVCs and analyzed their relationships with clinicopathological variables and survival.
  
  
  METHODS
  A clinicopathological review of 105 patients with AVCs and immunohistochemical staining for E-cadherin, β-catenin, and S100A4 were performed. The association between clinicopathological parameters, histological type, and expression of EMT proteins and their effects on survival were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-five intestinal type, 35 pancreatobiliary type, and five other types of AVCs were identified. The severity of EMT changes differed between the AVC types; membranous loss of E-cadherin and β-catenin was observed in nonintestinal type tumors, whereas aberrant nonmembranous β-catenin expression was observed in intestinal type tumors. EMT-related changes were more pronounced in the invasive tumor margin than in the tumor center, and these EMT-related changes were related to tumor aggressiveness. Among the clinicopathological parameters, a desmoplastic reaction was related to overall survival, and the reaction was more severe in nonintestinal type than in intestinal type AVCs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dysregulation of E-cadherin, β-cadherin, and S100A4 expression may play a role in the carcinogenesis and tumor progression of AVCs.
authors: Department of Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.
authors: Rohyun
authors: R
authors: Sung
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Kang
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.
authors: Joung-Ho
authors: JH
authors: Han
authors: Department of Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.
authors: Jae-Woon
authors: JW
authors: Choi
authors: Department of Pathology, Research Center, Aerospace Medical Center, Cheongju, Korea.
authors: Sang Hwa
authors: SH
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea.
authors: Tae Hoon
authors: TH
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea.
authors: Sang-Heum
authors: SH
authors: Park
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea.
authors: Hong Ja
authors: HJ
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
authors: Eaum Seok
authors: ES
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
authors: Young Suk
authors: YS
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
authors: Young Woo
authors: YW
authors: Choi
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.
authors: Seon Mee
authors: SM
authors: Park
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014670:Ampulla of Vater / Q000378:metabolism*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D015820:Cadherins / Q000378:metabolism; D003138:Common Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D000071999:S100 Calcium-Binding Protein A4; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D015820:Cadherins; D000071999:S100 Calcium-Binding Protein A4; D009418:S100 Proteins; D051176:beta Catenin; C077591:S100A4 protein, human
keywords: Ampullary adenocarcinoma; Epithelial-mesenchymal transition; Intestinal type; Pancreatobiliary type