title: Achilles tendinopathy following Kaletra (lopinavir/ritonavir) use.
abstract: A multitude of rheumatologic manifestations have been associated with HIV infection and protease inhibitors use. We describe two cases that display a temporal relationship between initiating Kaletra and developing Achilles tendinopathy. Immediate and dramatic resolution of symptoms occurred on switching from Kaletra to an alternative agent. Clinicians may want to consider a trial of an alternative agent in individuals on Kaletra who experience Achilles tendinopathy. Adverse events must be formally reported so that our understanding of antiretrovirals may continually evolve and aid decisions about antiretroviral prescribing.
authors: Lawson Unit, Brighton and Sussex University Hospital, Brighton, UK Fiona.cresswell@bsuh.nhs.uk.
authors: F V
authors: FV
authors: Cresswell
authors: Lawson Unit, Brighton and Sussex University Hospital, Brighton, UK.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Tomlins
authors: Lawson Unit, Brighton and Sussex University Hospital, Brighton, UK.
authors: D R
authors: DR
authors: Churchill
authors: MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Walker-Bone
authors: Lawson Unit, Brighton and Sussex University Hospital, Brighton, UK.
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Richardson
mesh_terms: D000125:Achilles Tendon / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D004338:Drug Combinations; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D061466:Lopinavir / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000652:urine; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D019438:Ritonavir / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000652:urine; D052256:Tendinopathy / Q000139:chemically induced*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; C558899:lopinavir-ritonavir drug combination; D061466:Lopinavir; D019438:Ritonavir
keywords: AIDS; Achilles tendinopathy; HIV; Kaletra; antiretroviral therapy; lopinavir; protease inhibitors; tendinitis; toxicity; treatment