title: [Nutritional status, metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in children from Santiago (Chile)].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The origin of most non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is in early life. Consequently obtaining information on risk factors for NCDs is important for preventive purposes. However, there is no information available on the prevalence of obesity, metabolic syndrome (MS) and insulin resistance (IR) in Chilean children.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of nutritional status, MS and IR, and secondly, to study the associations among them.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study conducted during 2009-2011 in 20 public schools of Puente Alto County, Santiago, Chile. Anthropometry, blood pressure and pubertal status were assessed. A blood sample was obtained for determination of lipids, blood glucose and insulin. Abnormal Homeostasis model assessment index (HOMA-IR) was based on a national standard.
  
  
  RESULTS
  3325 children had a mean age of 11.4 ± 1 years old (range 10-15 years). The prevalence of obesity, MS and IR was 16.1%, 7.3% and 25.9%, respectively. The prevalence of IR and MS was higher in obese children. MS and IR were strongly associated with an OR of 8.0 (95% CI= 5.9-10.7). Multivariate analysis showed that all MS components were associated to IR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a relatively high prevalence of risk factors in this sample of children. The strong positive association between nutritional status, IR and MS points out the need to early identify risk factors for NCDs allowing for prevention.
authors: División de Salud Pública. Facultad de Medicina. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Santiago. Chile.. mardones@med.puc.cl.
authors: Francisco
authors: F
authors: Mardones
authors: División de Pediatría. Facultad de Medicina. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Santiago. Chile..
authors: Pilar
authors: P
authors: Arnaiz
authors: División de Pediatría. Facultad de Medicina. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Santiago. Chile..
authors: Salesa
authors: S
authors: Barja
authors: División de Nutrición. Facultad de Medicina. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Santiago. Chile..
authors: Carolina
authors: C
authors: Giadach
authors: División de Salud Pública. Facultad de Medicina. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Santiago. Chile..
authors: Luis
authors: L
authors: Villarroel
authors: División de Salud Pública. Facultad de Medicina. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Santiago. Chile..
authors: Angelica
authors: A
authors: Domínguez
authors: Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética. Facultad de Medicina. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Santiago. Chile..
authors: Oscar
authors: O
authors: Castillo
authors: División de Obstetricia y Ginecología. Facultad de Medicina. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Santiago. Chile..
authors: Marcelo
authors: M
authors: Farias
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000886:Anthropometry; D002648:Child; D002677:Chile / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009752:Nutritional Status / Q000502:physiology*; D014505:Urban Population