title: Undercarboxylated osteocalcin relates to cardiovascular risk markers in offspring of families with metabolic syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The undercarboxylated form of osteocalcin (ucOC) is an emerging marker of cardiovascular disease. It is unknown if ucOC in related to common cardiovascular risk markers in children. In offspring of families with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS+ and MetS- families), we assessed whether ucOC was related to a continuous metabolic syndrome score (MetS score) and to carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT).
  
  
  METHODS
  ucOC and total OC, MetS score and cIMT were assessed in 203 asymptomatic prepubertal children (age 7.6 ± 0.1 yr; 49% girls), of whom 99 were from MetS+ families.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In children from MetS+ families, percent ucOC was higher than in children from MetS- families (p < 0.01). In offspring from MetS+ families, higher ucOC and especially higher percent ucOC was independently associated with both the MetS score and cIMT (both p ≤ 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The undercarboxylated form of OC is related to common cardiovascular risk markers in children at risk for cardiovascular disease.
authors: Pediatrics Research Group, Girona Institute for Biomedical Research, 17007 Girona, Spain; Pediatrics, Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital, 17007 Girona, Spain.
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Prats-Puig
authors: Pediatrics, Salut Empordà Foundation, 17600 Figueres, Spain.
authors: Inés
authors: I
authors: Osiniri
authors: Clinical Laboratory, Salut Empordà Foundation, 17600 Figueres, Spain.
authors: Pilar
authors: P
authors: Soriano-Rodríguez
authors: Pediatrics Research Group, Girona Institute for Biomedical Research, 17007 Girona, Spain; Pediatrics, Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital, 17007 Girona, Spain.
authors: Gemma
authors: G
authors: Carreras-Badosa
authors: Primary Care Pediatrics, Catalonian Institute of Health, 17007 Girona, Spain.
authors: José Cristóbal
authors: JC
authors: Buñuel-Álvarez
authors: Primary Care Pediatrics, Catalonian Institute of Health, 17007 Girona, Spain.
authors: Carmen
authors: C
authors: Vila-Pablos
authors: Department of Development & Regeneration, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
authors: Francis
authors: F
authors: de Zegher
authors: Pediatric Endocrinology, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, 08950 Esplugues, Barcelona; CIBERDEM (Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
authors: Lourdes
authors: L
authors: Ibáñez
authors: Pediatrics Research Group, Girona Institute for Biomedical Research, 17007 Girona, Spain; Pediatrics, Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital, 17007 Girona, Spain.
authors: Judit
authors: J
authors: Bassols
authors: Pediatrics Research Group, Girona Institute for Biomedical Research, 17007 Girona, Spain; Pediatrics, Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital, 17007 Girona, Spain; TransLab Research Group, Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona, 17071 Girona, Spain. Electronic address: alopezbermejo@idibgi.org.
authors: Abel
authors: A
authors: López-Bermejo
mesh_terms: D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015675:Osteocalcin
keywords: Children; Intima–media thickness; Metabolic syndrome; Osteocalcin