title: Lower vitamin D status is more common among Saudi adults with diabetes mellitus type 1 than in non-diabetics.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vitamin D deficiency is an increasingly recognized comorbidity in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DMT1), suggesting that vitamin D deficiency might play a role in DMT1. We aimed to determine and compare the vitamin D status of Saudi adults with and without DMT1.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 60 Saudi adults with DMT1 from the Diabetes Clinics and 60 non-DM, healthy controls were included in the study. The mean age for those with DMT1 was 25.9 ± 16.1 years versus 36.7 ± 3.6 years among the controls. We measured serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD), calcium, cholesterol, blood glucose, HDL, and triglycerides and compared the results between the DMT1 group and control subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both the DMT1 and healthy groups had vitamin D deficiency. The mean levels of 25OHD were significantly lower in the DMT1 adults than in the controls (28.1 ± 1.4 nmol/L versus 33.4 ± 1.6 nmol/L). In the DMT1 adults, 66.7% were mildly, 31.7% moderately, and 3.3% severely vitamin D deficient as compared with 41.7% (mildly), 31.7% (moderately), and 5% (severely) in the control group. Overall, 100% of the DMT1 adults and 78% of the healthy children were vitamin D deficient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among DMT1 adults was relatively high. Therefore, screening for vitamin D deficiency and supplementation for this population should be warranted.
authors: Biomarkers Research Program, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. aldaghri2011@gmail.com.
authors: Nasser M
authors: NM
authors: Al-Daghri
authors: Omar S
authors: OS
authors: Al-Attas
authors: Majed S
authors: MS
authors: Alokail
authors: Khalid M
authors: KM
authors: Alkharfy
authors: Sobhy M
authors: SM
authors: Yakout
authors: Naji J
authors: NJ
authors: Aljohani
authors: Hanan
authors: H
authors: Al Fawaz
authors: Abdulrahman S M
authors: AS
authors: Al-Ajlan
authors: Eman S
authors: ES
authors: Sheshah
authors: Mansour
authors: M
authors: Al-Yousef
authors: Mohammad
authors: M
authors: Alharbi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012529:Saudi Arabia / Q000453:epidemiology; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D