title: How growth due to infant nutrition influences obesity and later disease risk.
abstract: Infant nutrition has a major impact on immediate outcomes and long-term health and later disease risks, such as obesity and related disorders, a phenomenon referred to as 'metabolic programming'. This review discusses the currently postulated hypotheses and mechanisms investigated by the EarlyNutrition project.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rapid weight gain in the first 2 years of life, most notably mediated by diary protein, affects the insulin-like growth factor metabolic pathways. Epigenetic processes seem to play a role.
authors: Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich Medical Centre, Munich, Germany.
authors: Brigitte
authors: B
authors: Brands
authors: Hans
authors: H
authors: Demmelmair
authors: Berthold
authors: B
authors: Koletzko
mesh_terms: D001724:Birth Weight; D015897:Comorbidity; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006803:Human Development / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D041943:Infant Formula / Q000378:metabolism; D007227:Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000378:metabolism; D009035:Mothers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D012307:Risk Factors; D013995:Time; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D008894:Milk Proteins; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
keywords: Early nutrition; Growth; Infant nutrition; Metabolic programming; Obesity