title: SA-4-1BBL as a novel adjuvant for the development of therapeutic cancer vaccines.
abstract: Tumor associated antigen (TAA)-based therapeutic vaccines have great potential as a safe, practical, and cost-efficient alternative to standard treatments for cancer. Clinical efficacy of TAA-based vaccines, however, has yet to be realized and will require adjuvants with pleiotropic functions on immune cells. Such adjuvants need not only to generate/boost T cell responses, but also reverse intrinsic/extrinsic tumor immune evasion mechanisms for therapeutic efficacy. This review focuses on a novel agonistic ligand, SA-4-1BBL, for 4-1BB costimulatory receptor as an adjuvant of choice because of its ability to: i) serve as a vehicle to deliver TAAs to dendritic cells (DCs) for antigen uptake and cross-presentation to CD8(+) T cells; ii) augment adaptive Th1 and innate immune responses; and iii) overcome various immune evasion mechanisms, cumulatively translating into therapeutic efficacy in preclinical tumor models.
authors: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
authors: Rajesh K
authors: RK
authors: Sharma
authors: Esma S
authors: ES
authors: Yolcu
authors: Haval
authors: H
authors: Shirwan
mesh_terms: D053330:4-1BB Ligand / Q000276:immunology*; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D019139:Tumor Escape / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D053330:4-1BB Ligand; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D019496:Cancer Vaccines