title: Effect of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents on hemoglobin level, fatigue and hospitalization rate in renal palliative care patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) on hemoglobin (Hb) level, fatigue and hospitalization rate in renal palliative care (PC) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective cohort study was done between April 2011 and January 2013 in renal palliative care clinic of clustered hospitals in Hong Kong. The study participants included end-stage renal patients (CrCl < 15 ml/h) decided not for dialysis (ESA 39 patients; control 31 patients). From healthcare databases, we retrieved the patient demographics, laboratory results, reasons and time of hospitalizations during the study period. Fatigue was measured by Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most were elderly patients and about half of patients had underlying diabetes mellitus. Baseline mean Hb levels were similar (7.57 ± 0.97 g/dL for ESA vs 7.77 ± 0.72 g/dL for control). Mean Hb was raised significantly after 3 and 6 months of ESA injections (9.42 and 9.40 g/dL respectively, P < 0.05). Fatigue was reduced significantly at 3 and 6 months after treatment (P = 0.006 and P = 0.017 respectively). All-cause hospitalization was reduced significantly and there was a trend toward reduction in red blood cell transfusion requirement in the ESA group (P = 0.084).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated that use of ESAs in renal PC was effective and might help in reducing fatigue and hospitalizations rate.
authors: Palliative Medical Unit, Grantham Hospital, 125, Wong Chuk Hang, Hong Kong, cky842@yahoo.com.hk.
authors: Kwok-Ying
authors: KY
authors: Chan
authors: Cho-Wing
authors: CW
authors: Li
authors: Hilda
authors: H
authors: Wong
authors: Terence
authors: T
authors: Yip
authors: Mau-Kwong
authors: MK
authors: Sham
authors: Hon-Wai
authors: HW
authors: Cheng
authors: Kay-Cheong
authors: KC
authors: Teo
authors: Wang-Chun
authors: WC
authors: Kwok
authors: Tak-Mao
authors: TM
authors: Chan
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000740:Anemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005221:Fatigue / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006397:Hematinics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis*; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D010166:Palliative Care; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D006397:Hematinics; D006454:Hemoglobins