title: Phylogenetic analysis of a swine influenza A(H3N2) virus isolated in Korea in 2012.
abstract: Influenza A virus (IAV) can infect avian and mammalian species, including humans. The genome nature of IAVs may contribute to viral adaptation in different animal hosts, resulting in gene reassortment and the reproduction of variants with optimal fitness. As seen again in the 2009 swine-origin influenza A H1N1 pandemic, pigs are known to be susceptible to swine, avian, and human IAVs and can serve as a 'mixing vessel' for the generation of novel IAV variants. To this end, the emergence of swine influenza viruses must be kept under close surveillance. Herein, we report the isolation and phylogenetic study of a swine IAV, A/swine/Korea/PL01/2012 (swPL01, H3N2 subtype). After screening nasopharyngeal samples from pigs in the Gyeongsangnam-do region of Korea from December 2011 to May 2012, we isolated the swPL01 virus and sequenced its all of 8 genome segments (polymerase basic 2, PB2; polymerase basic 1, PB1; polymerase acidic, PA; hemagglutinin, HA; nucleocapsid protein, NP; neuraminidase, NA; matrix protein, M; and nonstructural protein, NS). The phylogenetic study, analyzed with reference strains registered in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database, indicated that the swPL01 virus was similar to the North American triple-reassortant swine strains and that the HA gene of the swPL01 virus was categorized into swine H3 cluster IV. The swPL01 virus had the M gene of the triple-reassortant swine H3N2 viruses, whereas that of other contemporary strains in Korea was transferred from the 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus. These data suggest the possibility that various swine H3N2 viruses may co-circulate in Korea, which underlines the importance of a sustained surveillance system against swine IAVs.
authors: Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea ; Center for Medical Science Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jin Il
authors: JI
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea ; Center for Medical Science Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
authors: Ilseob
authors: I
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea ; Center for Medical Science Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
authors: Sehee
authors: S
authors: Park
authors: Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea ; Center for Medical Science Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
authors: Sangmoo
authors: S
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea ; Center for Medical Science Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
authors: Min-Woong
authors: MW
authors: Hwang
authors: Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea ; Center for Medical Science Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
authors: Joon-Yong
authors: JY
authors: Bae
authors: Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea ; Center for Medical Science Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Heo
authors: Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea ; Center for Medical Science Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
authors: Donghwan
authors: D
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea ; Center for Medical Science Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
authors: Seok-Il
authors: SI
authors: Jang
authors: School of Equine Science, Cheju Halla University, Jeju, Jeju-do, Republic of Korea.
authors: Kabsu
authors: K
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea ; Center for Medical Science Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
authors: Man-Seong
authors: MS
authors: Park
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D053122:Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype / Q000235:genetics*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000821:virology; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000821:virology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D016865:Reassortant Viruses / Q000235:genetics; D056910:Republic of Korea; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus