title: Neurocognitive function as a possible marker for remission from clinical high risk for psychosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent studies revealed that nonconverters at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis comprise those who later remit from initial CHR state and those who do not remit and continue to have attenuated positive symptoms. CHR subjects who remit symptomatically are comparable to healthy controls for both baseline and longitudinal symptoms. However, the neurocognitive characteristics of this population are still obscure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-five CHR subjects and 61 healthy controls were recruited, and their neurocognitive functions were assessed. CHR subjects were divided into converter, remitter, and non-remitter groups according to their clinical state during a 12 to 24month follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only the remitter group was comparable to healthy controls in terms of baseline neurocognitive functions. We observed that remitters showed better performance at baseline on tasks of attention, immediate/delayed verbal memory, verbal fluency, and immediate visual memory compared with converters. Moreover, we found that performance on semantic fluency was significantly improved in remitters but declined in non-remitters over the 2-year follow-up; however, there was no significant difference between these two groups at baseline.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CHR nonconverters who later remit from an initial prodromal state do not show reduced neurocognitive functioning compared with healthy controls at baseline. Therefore, an advanced research diagnostic criterion for a CHR state that considers neurocognitive functions is needed to more precisely predict which patients will develop psychosis.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, SNU-MRC, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Tae Young
authors: TY
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Ye Seul
authors: YS
authors: Shin
authors: Interdisciplinary Cognitive Science Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Na Young
authors: NY
authors: Shin
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Sung Nyun
authors: SN
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Joon Hwan
authors: JH
authors: Jang
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Do-Hyung
authors: DH
authors: Kang
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, SNU-MRC, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Cognitive Science Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: kwonjs@snu.ac.kr.
authors: Jun Soo
authors: JS
authors: Kwon
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D062706:Prodromal Symptoms; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012008:Recurrence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Clinical high risk for psychosis; False positives; Neurocognition; Prediction; Remission; Semantic fluency