title: Toxicokinetics and tissue depletion of Fusarenon-X and its metabolite nivalenol in piglets.
abstract: Fusarenon-X (FX) is one of the trichothecene mycotoxins mainly produced by Fusarium crookwellense, which naturally occurs in agricultural commodities such as wheat and barley. To investigate the toxicokinetics of FX and its metabolite nivalenol (NIV), FX was then administered intravenously or orally to piglets at a dosage of 1mg/kg body weight. The concentrations of FX and NIV in the plasma and various tissues were measured using LC-MS/MS. The plasma concentrations of FX in the piglets were determined up to 24h and 48h after iv and po administration, respectively, and the concentration of NIV was detected up to 12h after both types of administration. The Cp(0) of FX was 580.28 ± 140.81 ng/ml after iv administration. The values of t1/2β, Vss and Foral were 1.71 ± 0.74 h, 0.009 ± 0.002 ml and 74.40 ± 18.96%, respectively. FX and NIV were detectable in the vital organs up to 24h after po administration. The peak level of FX in the liver, the kidney, and the spleen, respectively, were 165.95 ± 9.68 ng/g, 66.29 ± 8.48 and 7.35 ± 0.69 ng/g at 3h following po administration. In vitro of liver postmitochondrial fractions with FX demonstrated that the liver and kidney are capable of FX-to-NIV metabolism.
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
authors: Thanit
authors: T
authors: Saengtienchai
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
authors: Saranya
authors: S
authors: Poapolathep
authors: Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
authors: Supaporn
authors: S
authors: Isariyodom
authors: Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan.
authors: Yoshinori
authors: Y
authors: Ikenaka
authors: Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan.
authors: Mayumi
authors: M
authors: Ishizuka
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand. Electronic address: fvetamp@ku.ac.th.
authors: Amnart
authors: A
authors: Poapolathep
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D005260:Female; D013552:Swine; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014255:Trichothecenes; C002469:fusarenon-X; C038405:nivalenol
keywords: Food safety; Fusarenon-X; Nivalenol; Piglets; Tissue residues; Toxicokinetics