title: The pharmacologic management of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy.
abstract: Nausea and vomiting are common in early pregnancy. Forty percent or more of pregnant women may continue to suffer beyond the first trimester and 10% beyond the second trimester. A focus of the assessment is to confirm that the nausea and vomiting is due to the pregnancy and not some other cause. Nonpharmacologic options, particularly dietary modification, are a mainstay of treatment. For those who continue to experience symptoms, pharmacologic management can be employed. The combination of doxylamine succinate/pyridoxine hydrochloride was reintroduced in the United States following FDA approval in early 2013. The product was given a pregnancy safety rating of A and is recommended as first-line pharmacologic treatment for NVP. Other options include antihistamines, metoclopramide, ondansetron, phenothiazines, and after the first trimester, corticosteroids.
authors: Professor and Vice-Chair, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA.
authors: Jennifer R
authors: JR
authors: Niebyl
authors: Gerald G
authors: GG
authors: Briggs
mesh_terms: D000932:Antiemetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004025:Dicyclomine; D004319:Doxylamine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D009325:Nausea / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D011736:Pyridoxine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014839:Vomiting / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000932:Antiemetics; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; C004454:dicyclomine, doxylamine, pyridoxine drug combination; D004025:Dicyclomine; D004319:Doxylamine; D011736:Pyridoxine