title: Signature biomarkers in diabetes mellitus and associated cardiovascular diseases.
abstract: Platelet signatures indicating differential dysfunction, hyperactivation, aggregation or adhesion are capable of expressing their characters during the journey of a disease process, and can be utilized as cost effective biomarkers with immense clinical value. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major lifestyle disease of contemporary world with progression to diabetes associated cardiovascular diseases (DM-CVD). We identified a few potential biomarkers in platelets of T2DM to analyze the thrombotic risk in diabetes subjects by utilizing flow cytometric quantification with different flurochrome conjugated monoclonal antibodies. Our study describes interesting correlations (p<0.0001) for different clinical parameters of concurrent threat for vessel occlusion and the status of indices like reactive oxygen species, von Willebrand factor and mitochondrial membrane potential using western blotting and fluorescence techniques. Our study involved 32 T2DM, and 31 T2DM-CVD subjects compared to 29 healthy controls without any history of T2DM or CVD. An altered expression of platelet surface markers P-selectin (CD62p) and GpIIb/IIIa (CD 41/61, PAC1) along with changes in the platelet size due to agonist induced activation contributed to the enhanced thrombotic potential in the patients. This work elucidates the prospect of platelet biomarkers as diagnostic tool to predict cardiovascular risk in DM subjects.
authors: Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India.
authors: Tanusri
authors: T
authors: Karmakar
authors: BD-CU Center of Excellence for Nanobiotechnology, Kolkata, India.
authors: Sanjaya K
authors: SK
authors: Mallick
authors: Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India.
authors: Arpita
authors: A
authors: Chakraborty
authors: Medical College, Kolkata, India.
authors: Animesh
authors: A
authors: Maiti
authors: IPGMER, Kolkata, India.
authors: Subhankar
authors: S
authors: Chowdhury
authors: Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India.
authors: Maitree
authors: M
authors: Bhattacharyya
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000473:pathology*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; D008875:Middle Aged; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000032:analysis; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000032:analysis; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000032:analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019007:P-Selectin; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014841:von Willebrand Factor
keywords: Platelets; ROS; flow cytometry; mitochondrial membrane potential; surface markers; vWF