title: The smartphone brain scanner: a portable real-time neuroimaging system.
abstract: Combining low-cost wireless EEG sensors with smartphones offers novel opportunities for mobile brain imaging in an everyday context. Here we present the technical details and validation of a framework for building multi-platform, portable EEG applications with real-time 3D source reconstruction. The system--Smartphone Brain Scanner--combines an off-the-shelf neuroheadset or EEG cap with a smartphone or tablet, and as such represents the first fully portable system for real-time 3D EEG imaging. We discuss the benefits and challenges, including technical limitations as well as details of real-time reconstruction of 3D images of brain activity. We present examples of brain activity captured in a simple experiment involving imagined finger tapping, which shows that the acquired signal in a relevant brain region is similar to that obtained with standard EEG lab equipment. Although the quality of the signal in a mobile solution using an off-the-shelf consumer neuroheadset is lower than the signal obtained using high-density standard EEG equipment, we propose mobile application development may offset the disadvantages and provide completely new opportunities for neuroimaging in natural settings.
authors: Section for Cognitive Systems, DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
authors: Arkadiusz
authors: A
authors: Stopczynski
authors: Section for Cognitive Systems, DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
authors: Carsten
authors: C
authors: Stahlhut
authors: Section for Cognitive Systems, DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
authors: Jakob Eg
authors: JE
authors: Larsen
authors: Section for Cognitive Systems, DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
authors: Michael Kai
authors: MK
authors: Petersen
authors: Section for Cognitive Systems, DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
authors: Lars Kai
authors: LK
authors: Hansen
mesh_terms: D040421:Cell Phone; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D059907:Functional Neuroimaging / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D063731:Mobile Applications