title: Hydrogen-rich saline attenuates postoperative liver failure after major hepatectomy in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A major hepatectomy occasionally lead to acute liver failure and death. We demonstrated the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects and functional mechanisms of hydrogen-rich saline (HS), a novel antioxidant, on an experimental model of rats after a partial hepatectomy (PH).
  
  
  METHODS
  The rats underwent a 90% hepatectomy. HS was given intraperitoneally after the operation and every 8hours after.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HS markedly improved the survival rate of two experimental groups after the massive hepatectomy and inhibited increases in serum levels of TBIL, DBIL, ALT and AST. The histopathological analysis demonstrated that HS attenuated inflammatory changes in the liver. HS administration markedly lowered the massive hepatectomy induced elevation of the serum hyaluronic acid (HA) concentrations. HS inhibited the formation of one of the markers of oxidative damage, malondialdehyde (MDA), and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in liver tissue. In the HS-treated group, increases in inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6 and HMGB-1, were inhibited in the liver tissue. The NF-κB p65 staining revealed that HS inhibited the activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HS attenuates the massive hepatectomy induced liver injury not only by attenuating oxidative damage, but also by reducing the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6 and HMGB-1, in part through the inhibition of NF-kB activation.
authors: General Surgery Department, Jiujiang University Clinical Medical College, Jiujiang university hospital, 332000 Jiujiang City, China; Department of Special Treatment, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 200438 Shanghai, China. Electronic address: tanyunchang@aliyun.com.
authors: Yun Chang
authors: YC
authors: Tan
authors: Department of Special Treatment, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 200438 Shanghai, China.
authors: Feng
authors: F
authors: Xie
authors: Department of Digestive Disease, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 200438 Shanghai, China.
authors: Hui Lu
authors: HL
authors: Zhang
authors: Laboratory Department, Jiujiang University Clinical Medical College, Jiujiang university hospital, 332000 Jiujiang City, China.
authors: Yu Li
authors: YL
authors: Zhu
authors: General Surgery Department, Jiujiang University Clinical Medical College, Jiujiang university hospital, 332000 Jiujiang City, China.
authors: Ke
authors: K
authors: Chen
authors: General Surgery Department, Jiujiang University Clinical Medical College, Jiujiang university hospital, 332000 Jiujiang City, China.
authors: Hua Min
authors: HM
authors: Tan
authors: General Surgery Department, Jiujiang University Clinical Medical College, Jiujiang university hospital, 332000 Jiujiang City, China.
authors: Ben Shun
authors: BS
authors: Hu
authors: Department of Special Treatment, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 200438 Shanghai, China. Electronic address: docjmy@yahoo.com.cn.
authors: Jia Mei
authors: JM
authors: Yang
authors: Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100038 Beijing, China.
authors: Jing Wang
authors: JW
authors: Tan
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D006498:Hepatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000097:blood; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D017093:Liver Failure / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D023421:Models, Animal; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D016328:NF-kappa B; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D006859:Hydrogen; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D001663:Bilirubin