title: Protection against lung cancer patient plasma-induced lymphocyte suppression by Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was conducted to determine the potential of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (Gl-PS) in protection against lung cancer patient plasma-induced suppression of lymphocytes. Lung cancer is a major cause of disease and loss of life in the United States and worldwide. Cancer cells release immunosuppressive mediators, such as PGE2, TGF-β, IL-10, and VEGF, to inhibit the immune response to escape from immune surveillance. Gl-PS has been shown to counteract this immune inhibition in an animal cell culture model, and thus to facilitate tumor control. The present study explored whether or not such an effect could also be demonstrated in human lung cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, MTT, immunocytochemistry, and western blot analysis were used to assess lymphocyte activation with PHA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The plasma of lung cancer patients suppressed proliferation, CD69 expression, and perforin and granzyme B production in lymphocytes upon activation by PHA, effects that were partially of fully reversed by Gl-PS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lung cancer patient plasma-induced suppression of lymphocyte activation by phytohemagglutinin may be antagonized fully or partially by Gl-PS, an observation suggesting the potential of Gl-PS in cancer therapy.
authors: The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, China.
authors: Li-Xin
authors: LX
authors: Sun
authors: Wei-Dong
authors: WD
authors: Li
authors: Zhi-Bin
authors: ZB
authors: Lin
authors: Xin-Suo
authors: XS
authors: Duan
authors: Xue-Fei
authors: XF
authors: Li
authors: Ning
authors: N
authors: Yang
authors: Tian-Fei
authors: TF
authors: Lan
authors: Min
authors: M
authors: Li
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: Sun
authors: Min
authors: M
authors: Yu
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Lu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D062610:Fungal Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020940:Reishi / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D062610:Fungal Polysaccharides