title: (222)Rn, (220)Rn and other dissolved gases in mineral waters of southeast Brazil.
abstract: This paper describes the natural radioactivity due to (222)Rn and (220)Rn in mineral waters occurring at São Paulo and Minas Gerais states, Brazil, that are extensively used for drinking in public places, bottling and bathing purposes, among other. The measurements of these alpha-emitting radionuclides were also accompanied by the monitoring of temperature and some dissolved gases (O2, CO2 and H2S) in 75 water sources located in 14 municipalities of those states. Eight water sources yielded (220)Rn activity concentration values below the detection limit of 4 mBq/L. On other hand, (222)Rn activity concentration values exceeding the WHO guidance level of 100 Bq/L in drinking-water for public water supplies were found in two springs, named Villela and Dona Beja, whose discharge occurs in areas characterized by the presence of enhanced levels of natural radioelements in rocks. The obtained results were compared with the guidelines of the Brazilian Code of Mineral Waters (BCMW) that was established in 1945 and is still in force in the country. The (222)Rn and (220)Rn activity concentration data allowed perform dose radiation calculations based on the potential alpha energy concentration (PAEC), whose implications for health risk have been also considered in this paper.
authors: Departamento de Petrologia e Metalogenia, IGCE - Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Av. 24-A, No. 1515 - CP 178, Bela Vista CP 178, CEP 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: danielbonotto@yahoo.com.br.
authors: Daniel Marcos
authors: DM
authors: Bonotto
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D005740:Gases; D005843:Geography; D008900:Mineral Waters / Q000032:analysis*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011834:Radiation Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis; D011886:Radon / Q000032:analysis*; D013440:Sulfides / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature; D014875:Water Pollutants, Radioactive / Q000032:analysis*; D014881:Water Supply
chemical_list: D005740:Gases; D008900:Mineral Waters; D011868:Radioisotopes; D013440:Sulfides; D014875:Water Pollutants, Radioactive; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D011886:Radon; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Dissolved gases; Mineral waters; Radiation dose; Radon and thoron