title: Accumulation of microcystin congeners in different aquatic plants and crops--a case study from lake Amatitlán, Guatemala.
abstract: Microcystins (MCs) fate in natural environments can lead to its transfer into aquatic organisms, e.g. aquatic plants. Moreover, lakes in several countries sustain agriculture activities posing a serious health threat for the public. The case of Lake Amatitlán in Guatemala, was addressed to better understand MCs accumulation of four aquatic plants (Polygonum portoricensis, Eichhornia crassipes, Typha sp. and Hydrilla verticillata) coexisting with Microcystis aeruginosa blooms. These findings were further corroborated with an uptake/accumulation laboratory study. Finally crop products (Solanum lycopersicum and Capsicum annuum) irrigated with lake water were also evaluated for MCs. The obtained results suggest that Lake Amatitlán is highly contaminated with MCs (intra- and extracellular 1931 and 90 µg/L, respectively). In fruits of S. lycopersicum and C. annuum a concentration of 1.16 and 1.03 µg/kg dry weight (DW), respectively could be detected. All four aquatic plants showed a high MCs uptake capacity based on obtained bioconcentration factors (BCF) 165, 18, 16 and 11, respectively. These results were further corroborated in a laboratory study with 30 percent of total MCs taken up by H. verticillata within just 7 days. Additionally it was evidenced that all plants accumulated more MC-LR than other MCs congeners. Monitoring of crop products irrigated with lake water needs further consideration.
authors: Technische Universität Berlin, Department of Ecotoxicological Impact Research and Ecotoxicology, Ernst-Reuter-Platz 1, 10587 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: claususeth@mailbox.tu-berlin.de.
authors: Claudia Suseth
authors: CS
authors: Romero-Oliva
authors: Technische Universität Berlin, Department of Ecotoxicological Impact Research and Ecotoxicology, Ernst-Reuter-Platz 1, 10587 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: valeska.contardo@mailbox.tu-berlin.de.
authors: Valeska
authors: V
authors: Contardo-Jara
authors: Technische Universität Berlin, Department of Ecotoxicological Impact Research and Ecotoxicology, Ernst-Reuter-Platz 1, 10587 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: tobifromtheblock@gmail.com.
authors: Tobias
authors: T
authors: Block
authors: Technische Universität Berlin, Department of Ecotoxicological Impact Research and Ecotoxicology, Ernst-Reuter-Platz 1, 10587 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: stephan.pflugmacher@tu-berlin.de.
authors: Stephan
authors: S
authors: Pflugmacher
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D059001:Aquatic Organisms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006166:Guatemala; D060106:Lakes; D052998:Microcystins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D046931:Microcystis / Q000737:chemistry*; D010944:Plants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D052998:Microcystins; C078588:microcystin
keywords: Accumulation; Aquatic plant; Bioconcentration factor; Microcystin congeners; Uptake