title: [Cryptococcus Neoformans Var. Gattii meningoencephalitis with cryptococcoma in an immunocompetent patient successfully treated by surgical resection].
abstract: Cryptococcosis is a fungal infection, which mainly invades the lungs and central nervous system. In Japan, most cases of cryptococcosis are caused by Cryptococcus neoformans(C. neoformans). Until now, only three cases which the infectious agent was Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii(C. gattii)have been reported. As compared with cryptococcosis caused by C. neoformans, which is often observed in immunocompromised hosts, cryptococcosis caused by C. gattii occurs predominantly in immunocompetent hosts and is resistant to antifungal drugs. Here, we report a case of refractory cerebral cryptococcoma that was successfully treated by surgical resection of the lesions. A 33-year-old man with no medical history complained of headache, hearing disturbance, and irritability. Pulmonary CT showed a nodular lesion in the left lung. Cerebrospinal fluid examination with Indian ink indicated cryptococcal meningitis, and PCR confirmed infection with C. gattii. C. gattii is usually seen in the tropics and subtropics. Since this patient imported trees and soils from abroad to feed stag beetles, parasite or fungal infection was, as such, suspected. Although he received 2 years of intravenous and intraventricular antifungal treatment, brain cryptococcomas were formed and gradually increased. Because of the refractory clinical course, the patient underwent surgical resection of the cerebral lesions. With continuation of antifungal drugs for 6 months after the surgeries, Cryptococcus could not be cultured from cerebrospinal fluid, and no lesions were seen on MR images. If cerebral cryptococcosis responds poorly to antifungal agents, surgical treatment of the cerebral lesion should be considered.
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital.
authors: Taku
authors: T
authors: Inada
authors: Hirotoshi
authors: H
authors: Imamura
authors: Michi
authors: M
authors: Kawamoto
authors: Hiroaki
authors: H
authors: Sekiya
authors: Yukihiro
authors: Y
authors: Imai
authors: Shoichi
authors: S
authors: Tani
authors: Hidemitsu
authors: H
authors: Adachi
authors: Tatsuya
authors: T
authors: Ishikawa
authors: Yohei
authors: Y
authors: Mineharu
authors: Katsunori
authors: K
authors: Asai
authors: Hiroyuki
authors: H
authors: Ikeda
authors: Takenori
authors: T
authors: Ogura
authors: Teishiki
authors: T
authors: Shibata
authors: Mikiya
authors: M
authors: Beppu
authors: Yuji
authors: Y
authors: Agawa
authors: Kanpei
authors: K
authors: Shimizu
authors: Nobuyuki
authors: N
authors: Sakai
authors: Haruhiko
authors: H
authors: Kikuchi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003455:Cryptococcus neoformans / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D016919:Meningitis, Cryptococcal / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D008590:Meningoencephalitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome