title: Influence of phenolic compounds of Kangra tea [Camellia sinensis (L) O Kuntze] on bacterial pathogens and indigenous bacterial probiotics of Western Himalayas.
abstract: Phenolic compounds of nutraceutical importance viz., catechins (C), (-)-epicatechin (EC), (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG) were estimated in fresh green tea shoots of Camellia sinensis (L) O Kuntze cultivar. The total polyphenols and total catechins were in the range of 219.90 to 317.81 and 140.83 to 271.39 g/kg, respectively in monthly samples of tea. The values of C, EC, EGC, EGCG and ECG in tea powders as analyzed through high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were in the range of 1.560 to 3.661, 13.338 to 27.766, 26.515 to 39.597, 62.903 to 102.168 and 18.969 to 39.469 mg/g, respectively. Effect of tea extracts and standard flavanols against five pathogenic bacteria viz., Listeria monocytogenes (MTCC-839), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC-741), Bacillus cereus (MTCC-1272), Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC-96) and Escherichia coli (MTCC-443), and eleven indigenous potential bacterial probiotics belonging to genera Enterococcus, Bacillus and Lactobacillus spp. obtained from fermented foods of Western Himalayas, was investigated. EGCG, ECG and EGC exhibited antibacterial activity but, C and EC did not show this activity. Tea extracts having high concentrations of EGCG and ECG were more potent in antibacterial action against bacterial pathogens. Tea extracts and standard flavan-3-ols augmented viability of potential probiotics in an order of EGCG > EGC > ECG > EC > C. Tea extracts and standard flavanols had no antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (MTCC-443) but, in combination with probiotic culture supernatants, this activity was seen. The Kangra tea thus, exerts antibacterial effect on bacterial pathogens through EGCG, ECG and EGC constituents while stimulatory effect on growth of indigenous potential probiotics.
authors: Department of Microbiology, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India.
authors: Aditi
authors: A
authors: Sourabh
authors: Department of Microbiology, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India.
authors: S S
authors: SS
authors: Kanwar
authors: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India.
authors: R G
authors: RG
authors: Sud
authors: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India.
authors: Arti
authors: A
authors: Ghabru
authors: Biochemistry Laboratory, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Regional Station Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India.
authors: O P
authors: OP
authors: Sharma
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D028241:Camellia sinensis / Q000737:chemistry*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019936:Probiotics
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Kangra tea; Western Himalayas; antibacterial activity; catechins; probiotics