title: Temporal trends in the leading causes of death among a large national cohort of patients with colorectal cancer from 1975 to 2009 in the United States.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the distribution of proportion of deaths from causes other than colorectal cancer (CRC) over time and temporal trends of cause-specific cumulative incidence of death due to six leading causes in patients with CRC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Overall, 375,462 patients with CRC in nine Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registries from 1975 to 2009 were included. Competing risks proportional hazards regression was used to examine the effect of diagnostic periods on the risk of cause-specific death.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From 1975 to 2009 by 5-year interval, the proportion of deaths from causes other than CRC increased significantly with diagnostic periods according to the lengths of follow-up (P < .0001). The 5-year risk of death significantly decreased with diagnostic periods for all-cause, CRC, and circulation diseases among all age groups (<65, 65-74, and ≥75 years) but increased for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, and Alzheimer disease among patients aged 65 years or older.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Deaths due to causes other than CRC increased significantly over time regardless of tumor stage and site but more sharply in those with early-stage and distal colon cancer. The increasing leading causes of death are chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, and Alzheimer disease, which may be prevented or delayed substantially by modification or intervention in lifestyle or other factors.
authors: Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX; Department of Clinical Sciences, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX.
authors: Liyue
authors: L
authors: Tong
authors: Department of Clinical Sciences, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Harold C. Simmons Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX.
authors: Chul
authors: C
authors: Ahn
authors: Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX; Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX.
authors: Elaine
authors: E
authors: Symanski
authors: Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX; Division of Biostatistics, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX.
authors: Dejian
authors: D
authors: Lai
authors: Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX; Center for Health Services Research, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX. Electronic address: Xianglin.L.Du@uth.tmc.edu.
authors: Xianglin L
authors: XL
authors: Du
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000401:mortality; D002423:Cause of Death / Q000639:trends; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000401:mortality; D018570:Risk Assessment; D018426:SEER Program; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Causes of death; Colorectal cancer; Prevention; Risk factors; Temporal trend