title: Predictors of medication adherence among HIV-positive women in North America.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the relationships among contextual, environmental, and regulatory factors with antiretroviral (ARV) medication adherence to assist care providers in improving care for women living with HIV.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive, multicenter study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen HIV clinics and service organizations in North America.
  
  
  METHODS
  This convenience sample was drawn from a larger study of 2,182 persons living with HIV recruited from clinics and service from September 2009 to January 2011. We included 383 women living with HIV who were taking ARV medications.
  
  
  METHODS
  We assessed the relationship of contextual, environmental, and psychological factors specific to women living with HIV in relation to adherence to ARV medication. Descriptive and multivariate statistics were used to examine the effects of these factors on self-reported ARV drug adherence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Age, depression symptoms, stigma, engagement with health care provider, and four psychological factors were correlated with self-reported ARV medication adherence (p = .01). Regression analysis indicated that adherence self-efficacy and depression symptoms accounted for 19% for 3-day and 22% for 30-day self-reported medication adherence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adherence self-efficacy and depression symptoms predict ARV medication adherence in women and should be evaluated by nurses. Future research is needed to identify antecedents to and interventions that support adherence self-efficacy and decrease depression symptoms.
authors: Lynda A
authors: LA
authors: Tyer-Viola
authors: Inge B
authors: IB
authors: Corless
authors: Alison
authors: A
authors: Webel
authors: Paula
authors: P
authors: Reid
authors: Kathleen M
authors: KM
authors: Sullivan
authors: Patrice
authors: P
authors: Nichols
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D055118:Medication Adherence / Q000208:ethnology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020380:Needs Assessment; D009656:North America; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000458:organization & administration; D012044:Regression Analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D055815:Young Adult; D016903:Drug Monitoring
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents
keywords: HIV; adherence; antiretroviral; social action theory; women