title: The relation between smoking status and medical conditions among incarcerated adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The rate of smoking among incarcerated adults is more than 3 times that of the general population. Negative health consequences of smoking have prompted many correctional facilities to become tobacco-free. This presents a unique opportunity to examine health conditions associated with motivation to remain tobacco-free after release from prison. We examined this association among individuals who participated in the WISE randomized clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 247 participants completed a baseline questionnaire asking about illnesses (both smoking-related and non-smoking-related), family history of smoking-related illnesses, demographics, and smoking history. Smoking status was assessed 3 weeks postrelease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Approximately 38% of participants reported having an illness caused by or worsened by smoking and 53.0% reported having "moderate" to "a lot" of concern about their health due to smoking; 22.9% reported having asthma and 26.8% reported hypertension. The adjusted odds of remaining tobacco-free at 3 weeks postrelease from a tobacco-free prison was significant only for individuals with a family history of smoking-related illnesses (odds ratio [OR] = 0.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.12-0.68). For individuals with smoking-related conditions, the adjusted odds of remaining tobacco-free was nonsignificant (OR = 1.91; 95% CI, 0.85-4.27). Similarly, the adjusted odds of remaining tobacco-free for participants with non-smoking-related medical conditions was nonsignificant (OR = 0.27; 95% CI, 0.06-1.22).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results offer a first look at understanding health conditions as a motivator to remain tobacco-free after release from prison. Although these findings require additional investigation, these results suggest that providing treatment to prisoners with chronic disease and specifically targeting smoking-related illnesses might be beneficial with regard to smoking cessation success.
authors: From the Departments of Family Medicine and Epidemiology (DRP), Alpert Medical School of Brown, University, Providence, RI; Brown University Center for Primary Care and Prevention (DRP, MBR, JJC), Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island, Pawtucket; Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island (DF), Pawtucket; Department of Medicine (RAM, JJC), Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI; Psychology Department & Social Sciences Research Center (LARS), University of RI, Kingston; RI Training School (LARS), Cranston; Center for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine (BB), Department of Psychiatry, Brown University, Providence, RI; Department of Family Medicine and Community Health (SAM), University of Massachusetts, Medical School, Worcester; Rhode Island Department of Corrections (CEL), Cranston; and Department of OB/GYN (JJC), Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI.
authors: Donna R
authors: DR
authors: Parker
authors: Diandra
authors: D
authors: Fallone
authors: Rosemarie A
authors: RA
authors: Martin
authors: L A R
authors: LA
authors: Stein
authors: Beth
authors: B
authors: Bock
authors: Stephen A
authors: SA
authors: Martin
authors: Mary B
authors: MB
authors: Roberts
authors: Cheryl E
authors: CE
authors: Lopes
authors: Jennifer J
authors: JJ
authors: Clarke
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005192:Family Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation / Q000502:physiology*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011329:Prisoners / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology