title: Visualization of a Small Ventricular Septal Defect at First-pass Contrast-enhanced Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
abstract: Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a congenital heart disease that accounts for up to 40% of all congenital cardiac malformations. VSD is a connection between right and left ventricle, through the ventricular septum. Echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) help identify this entity. This case presents a 12-year-old male diagnosed with a small muscular apical VSD of 3 mm in diameter, at echocardiography. Cardiac MRI using first-pass perfusion sequence, combining the right plane of acquisition with a short bolus of contrast material, clearly confirmed the presence of VSD.
authors: Department of Radiology, Center of Fetal Cardiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Secchi
authors: Università degli Studi di Milano, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Scuola di Specializzazione in Radiodiagnostica, Milan, Italy.
authors: Antonello
authors: A
authors: Giardino
authors: Department of Radiology, Center of Fetal Cardiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.
authors: Salvatore
authors: S
authors: Fabiano
authors: Department of Pediatric Cardiosurgery, Center of Fetal Cardiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.
authors: Vlasta
authors: V
authors: Fesslova
authors: Department of Radiology, Center of Fetal Cardiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy ; Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Sardanelli
keywords: Cardiac magnetic resonance; first-pass perfusion; ventricular septal defect