title: [Diabetic foot risk in patients with type II diabetes mellitus in a family medicine unit].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the risk of diabetic foot in patients with type II diabetes mellitus (DM) seen in a Family Medicine Unit.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included type II DM patients with a disease duration ≥ 5 years seen in a Family Medicine Unit, Tijuana, Mexico, during September-December 2011. Neuropathy was assessed with the Diabetic Neuropathy Symptom questionnaire, and pressure sensation using a 10-g Semmes-Weinstein monofilament. A patient had a high risk of diabetic foot if there was sensitivity loss, foot deformities, and non-palpable pedal pulses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We studied 205 patients with an average (± SD) age and DM duration of 59 ± 10 years and 10.7 ± 6.7 years, respectively. Ninety one patients (44%) had a high risk of developing diabetic foot, and it was associated with; an education of less than 6 years (OR 2.3; 95%CI: 1-1-4.1), DM disease duration ≥ 10 years (OR 5.1; 95%CI: 2.8-9.4), female gender (OR 2.0; 95%CI: 1.1-3.6), monthly familiar income <236 euros (OR 2.0; 95%CI: 1.1-3.8), and a glycosylated hemoglobin ≥ 7.0% (OR 2.8; 95%CI: 1.5-5.0).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is necessary that all DM patients seen in a family medicine clinic have a yearly screening for the early detection of diabetic neuropathy, since they have a high risk of diabetic foot.
authors: Unidad de Medicina Familiar N.(o) 27, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Tijuana, Baja California, México.
authors: S A
authors: SA
authors: Márquez-Godínez
authors: Unidad de Investigación Clínica y Epidemiológica, Hospital General Regional N.(o) 20, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Tijuana, Baja California, México. Electronic address: zonanaa@yahoo.com.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Zonana-Nacach
authors: Unidad de Medicina Familiar N.(o) 27, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Tijuana, Baja California, México.
authors: M C
authors: MC
authors: Anzaldo-Campos
authors: Departamento Cirugía General, Hospital General Regional N.(o) 20, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Tijuana, Baja California, México.
authors: J A
authors: JA
authors: Muñoz-Martínez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D017719:Diabetic Foot / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005194:Family Practice; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Diabetes mellitus tipo2; Diabetic foot; Factores de riesgo; Pie diabético; Risk factors; Type II diabetes mellitus