title: Polymorphism of paracetamol: a new understanding of molecular flexibility through local methyl dynamics.
abstract: This study focuses on the interplay of molecular flexibility and hydrogen bonding manifested in the monoclinic (form I) and orthorhombic (form II) polymorphs of paracetamol. By means of incoherent inelastic neutron scattering and density functional theory calculations, the relaxation processes related to the methyl side-group reorientation were analyzed in detail. Our computational study demonstrates the importance of considering quantum effects to explain how methyl reorientations and subtle conformational changes of the molecule are intertwined. Indeed, by analyzing the quasi elastic signal of the neutron data, we were able to show a unique and complex motional flexibility in form II, reflected by a coupling between the methyl and the phenyl reorientation. This is associated with a higher energy barrier of the methyl rotation and a lower Gibbs free energy when compared to form I. We put forward the idea that correlating solubility and molecular flexibility, through the relation between pKa and methyl rotation activation energy, might bring new insights to understanding and predicting drug bioavailability.
authors: European Spallation Source ESS AB , P.O. Box 176, Lund 221 00, Sweden.
authors: Nikolaos
authors: N
authors: Tsapatsaris
authors: Boris A
authors: BA
authors: Kolesov
authors: Jennifer
authors: J
authors: Fischer
authors: Elena V
authors: EV
authors: Boldyreva
authors: Luke
authors: L
authors: Daemen
authors: Juergen
authors: J
authors: Eckert
authors: Heloisa N
authors: HN
authors: Bordallo
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000737:chemistry*; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D008956:Models, Chemical; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D056004:Molecular Dynamics Simulation; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011789:Quantum Theory; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D000082:Acetaminophen
keywords: DFT calculations; hydrogen bonding; inelastic neutron scattering; methyl rotation; molecular drugs; polymorphism