title: Intraperitoneal metabolic consequences of supraceliac aortic balloon occlusion in an experimental animal study using microdialysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To investigate the effects of supraceliac aortic balloon occlusion (ABO) and superior mesenteric artery (SMA) occlusion on abdominal visceral metabolism in an animal model using intraperitoneal microdialysis (IPM) and laser Doppler flowmetry.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 9 pigs were subjected to ABO and 7 animals were subjected to SMA occlusion for 1 hour followed by 3 hours of reperfusion. Seven animals served as controls. Hemodynamic data, arterial blood samples, urinary output, and intestinal mucosal blood flow (IBF) were followed hourly. Intraperitoneal (i.p) glucose, glycerol, lactate, and pyruvate concentrations and lactate-to-pyruvate (l/p) ratio were measured using IPM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the baseline, ABO reduced IBF by 76% and decreased urinary output. SMA occlusion reduced IBF by 75% without affecting urinary output. ABO increased the i.p l/p ratio from 18 at baseline, peaking at 46 in early reperfusion. SMA occlusion and reperfusion tended to increase the i.p l/p ratio, peaking at 36 in early reperfusion. ABO increased the i.p glycerol concentration from 87 μM at baseline to 579 μM after 3 hours of reperfusion. SMA occlusion and reperfusion increased the i.p glycerol concentration but to a lesser degree.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Supraceliac ABO caused severe hemodynamic, renal, and systemic metabolic disturbances compared with SMA occlusion, most likely because of the more extensive ischemia-reperfusion injury. The intra-abdominal metabolism, measured by microdialysis, was affected by both ABO and SMA occlusion but the most severe disturbances were caused by ABO. The i.p l/p ratios and the glycerol concentrations increased during ischemia and reperfusion and may serve as markers of these events and indicate anaerobic metabolism and cell damages respectively.
authors: Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital and Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden. Electronic address: talherer@yahoo.com.
authors: Tal M
authors: TM
authors: Hörer
authors: Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital and Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
authors: Per
authors: P
authors: Skoog
authors: Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital and Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
authors: Kristofer F
authors: KF
authors: Nilsson
authors: Department of Surgery, Örebro University Hospital and Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
authors: Ioannis
authors: I
authors: Oikonomakis
authors: Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital and Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Larzon
authors: Department of Surgery, Örebro University Hospital and Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
authors: Lars
authors: L
authors: Norgren
authors: Department of Surgery, Örebro University Hospital and Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
authors: Kjell
authors: K
authors: Jansson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; D007925:Leriche Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008641:Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D017551:Microdialysis / Q000379:methods*; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000378:metabolism*; D019289:Pyruvic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019344:Lactic Acid; D019289:Pyruvic Acid; D005947:Glucose