title: Biochemical and hemato-immunological parameters in juvenile beluga (Huso huso) following the diet supplemented with nettle (Urtica dioica).
abstract: The present study investigated the effects of different dietary nettle (Urtica dioica) levels on biochemical, hematological and immunological parameters in beluga (Huso huso). Fish were divided into 4 groups before being fed for 8 weeks with 0%, 3%, 6% and 12% of nettle. The blood samples were collected on week 4 and 8. The use of nettle did not significantly change the mean cell volume, mean cell haemoglobin, lymphocytes, eosinophils, albumin, glucose, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and lysozyme activity on week 4 and 8. After 4 weeks, the total red blood cell (RBC) and hematocrit (Ht) showed a significant increase in 12% nettle group compared to the 3% nettle and control groups but haemoglobin (Hb) had a significant change in 12% nettle compared to the control. At the same time was not found a significant change in the mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), total white blood cell (WBC), neutrophils, respiratory burst activity (RB), total immunoglobulin (Ig) and total protein (TP), triglyceride (Tri) and cholesterol (Chol). After 8 weeks, the fish treated with nettle exhibited significantly increase in neutrophil and Hb levels compared to the control and between treatment groups, 12% nettle group shown the highest Hb while RBC and Hct values significantly rose in fish fed by 12% compared to the control. Supplementing 6% and 12% nettle increased the WBC and MCHC compared to the other groups. The group fed 12% showed a highly significant difference in RB, TP and Ig after 8 weeks. However, Tri and Chol were significantly decreased in the juvenile beluga fed by the 6% and 12% nettle diet compared to the other groups. The results suggest that by using this herb there will be an improvement in hemato-biochemical parameters and immune function of juvenile beluga.
authors: Mohammad
authors: M
authors: Binaii
authors: Maryam
authors: M
authors: Ghiasi
authors: Seyed Mohammad Vahid
authors: SM
authors: Farabi
authors: Reza
authors: R
authors: Pourgholam
authors: Hasan
authors: H
authors: Fazli
authors: Reza
authors: R
authors: Safari
authors: Seyed Eshagh
authors: SE
authors: Alavi
authors: Mohammad Javad
authors: MJ
authors: Taghavi
authors: Zahra
authors: Z
authors: Bankehsaz
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001772:Blood Cell Count / Q000662:veterinary; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004909:Erythrocyte Indices / Q000276:immunology; D005399:Fishes / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D006400:Hematocrit / Q000662:veterinary; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000097:blood; D009113:Muramidase / Q000097:blood; D011897:Random Allocation; D016897:Respiratory Burst / Q000276:immunology; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D026982:Urtica dioica / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D012709:Serum Albumin; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D009113:Muramidase