title: Setup for in situ investigation of gases and gas/solid interfaces by soft x-ray emission and absorption spectroscopy.
abstract: We present a novel gas cell designed to study the electronic structure of gases and gas/solid interfaces using soft x-ray emission and absorption spectroscopies. In this cell, the sample gas is separated from the vacuum of the analysis chamber by a thin window membrane, allowing in situ measurements under atmospheric pressure. The temperature of the gas can be regulated from room temperature up to approximately 600 °C. To avoid beam damage, a constant mass flow can be maintained to continuously refresh the gaseous sample. Furthermore, the gas cell provides space for solid-state samples, allowing to study the gas/solid interface for surface catalytic reactions at elevated temperatures. To demonstrate the capabilities of the cell, we have investigated a TiO2 sample behind a mixture of N2 and He gas at atmospheric pressure.
authors: Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-v.-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Benkert
authors: Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), 4505 Maryland Parkway, Nevada 89154-4003, USA.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Blum
authors: Universität Würzburg, Experimentelle Physik VII, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Meyer
authors: Solar Energy Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany.
authors: R G
authors: RG
authors: Wilks
authors: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), 4505 Maryland Parkway, Nevada 89154-4003, USA.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Bär
authors: Universität Würzburg, Experimentelle Physik VII, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Reinert
authors: Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-v.-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Heske
authors: Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-v.-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Weinhardt