title: Neuroprotective effect of the fermented Gumiganghwal-tang.
abstract: Gumiganghwal-tang (GT) is a traditional herbal prescription widely used to treat inflammatory diseases in Asia. In this study, we evaluated neuroprotective effect and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity of GT and compared with fermented GT (FGT). In order to better understand the neuroprotective mechanism, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was investigated and high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) analysis of contents of GT and FGT were conducted. As a result, FGT showed more potent protective effect against glutamate-induced HT22 cell death than GT and inhibited AChE activity. The neuroprotective effect of FGT is associated with inhibition of ROS production. The HPLC-DAD analytical results indicated that FGT contains higher content of bergapten and atractylenolide III than that of GT. In conclusion, FGT have neuroprotective effect and AChE inhibition, and may be useful source for treatment of neurodegenerative disease.
authors: Department of Medical Biomaterials Engineering, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea.
authors: Bo-Ra
authors: BR
authors: Yun
authors: Department of Medical Biomaterials Engineering, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jin Bae
authors: JB
authors: Weon
authors: Department of Medical Biomaterials Engineering, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jiwoo
authors: J
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Medical Biomaterials Engineering, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea.
authors: Min Rye
authors: MR
authors: Eom
authors: Department of Medical Biomaterials Engineering, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: cjma@kangwon.ac.kr.
authors: Choong Je
authors: CJ
authors: Ma
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005285:Fermentation; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000378:metabolism; D055670:Medicine, Korean Traditional; D051379:Mice; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C574161:kumi-kyokatsu-to; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase
keywords: Antioxidant; Fermentation; Gumiganghwal-tang; Herb; Neuroprotection