title: T cells increase before zoster and PD-1 expression increases at the time of zoster in immunosuppressed nonhuman primates latently infected with simian varicella virus.
abstract: Like varicella zoster virus in humans, simian varicella virus (SVV) becomes latent in ganglionic neurons along the entire neuraxis and reactivates in immunosuppressed monkeys. Five rhesus macaques were inoculated with SVV; 142 days later (latency), four monkeys were immunosuppressed, and T cells were analyzed for naïve, memory, and effector phenotypes and expression of programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1; T cell exhaustion). All T cell subsets decreased during immunosuppression and except for CD8 effectors, peaked 2 weeks before zoster. Compared to before immunosuppression, PD-1 expression increased at reactivation. Increased T cells before zoster is likely due to virus reactivation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Mail Stop B182, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
authors.forename: Stephanie F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: James
authors.forename: Vicki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Traina-Dorge
authors.forename: Eileen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Deharo
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wellish
authors.forename: Brent E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.forename: Don
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gilden
authors.forename: Ravi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mahalingam
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D006562:Herpes Zoster / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D014645:Herpesvirus 3, Human / Q000276:immunology*; D007156:Immunologic Memory / Q000276:immunology; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D011241:Prednisone / Q000494:pharmacology; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / Q000276:immunology*; D014775:Virus Activation / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor; D011241:Prednisone