title: Manic episode following deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus for Parkinson's disease: a case report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is an established therapy for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) associated with motor complications of long term L-dopa treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Here we report two cases with DBS- induced manic episode, focusing on the functional and anatomic correlates of psychiatric adverse effects of STN stimulation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We present two cases of PD with motor complications due to long term L-dopa treatment that developed their first episodes of mania with psychotic symptoms after bilateral STN-DBS implantation. DBS-induced psychiatric adverse effects may be attributable either to limbic connections and STN-specific oscillations or stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle.
authors.affiliation: Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Denizli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tugce Toker
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Ugurlu
authors.forename: Goksemin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Acar
authors.forename: Filiz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Karadag
authors.forename: Feridun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Acar
mesh_terms: D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001007:Anxiety / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D015283:Citalopram / Q000627:therapeutic use; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007980:Levodopa / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008474:Medial Forebrain Bundle / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000523:psychology; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020531:Subthalamic Nucleus / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000978:Antiparkinson Agents; D015283:Citalopram; D007980:Levodopa; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors