title: Quantitative analysis of Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia in the Griffon Bruxellois dog.
abstract: This study aimed to develop a system of quantitative analysis of canine Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia on variable quality MRI. We made a series of measurements from magnetic resonance DICOM images from Griffon Bruxellois dogs with and without Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia and identified several significant variables. We found that in the Griffon Bruxellois dog, Chiari-like malformation is characterized by an apparent shortening of the entire cranial base and possibly by increased proximity of the atlas to the occiput. As a compensatory change, there appears to be an increased height of the rostral cranial cavity with lengthening of the dorsal cranial vault and considerable reorganization of the brain parenchyma including ventral deviation of the olfactory bulbs and rostral invagination of the cerebellum under the occipital lobes.
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, Fitzpatrick Referrals, Godalming, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Susan P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Knowler
authors.affiliation: akm-stats, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Angus K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: McFadyen
authors.affiliation: Department of Small Animal Medicine & Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America.
authors.forename: Courtenay
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Freeman
authors.affiliation: Department of Small Animal Medicine & Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kent
authors.affiliation: Department of Small Animal Medicine & Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America.
authors.forename: Simon R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Platt
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Justine University Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Zoha
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kibar
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, Fitzpatrick Referrals, Godalming, Surrey, United Kingdom ; School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Clare
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rusbridge
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001139:Arnold-Chiari Malformation / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013595:Syringomyelia / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*