title: Alogliptin: safety, efficacy, and clinical implications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Alogliptin is the newest dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes either alone or in combination with other antidiabetic agents. The purpose of this review is to highlight the clinical studies that led to Food and Drug Administration approval of alogliptin and to provide insight into the place in therapy for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As a DPP-4 inhibitor, alogliptin raises postprandial levels of glucagon-like peptide 1, leading to insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis. When given as monotherapy, alogliptin has the ability to reduce glycoslate hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) by 0.4% to 1.0%. Combination therapy yielded similar reductions with some variability depending on the agent with which alogliptin was combined. The mean HbA1c reduction seen with alogliptin is relative to the degree of HbA1c elevation at baseline. Alogliptin appears to be weight neutral and is relatively well tolerated with few adverse effects. Furthermore, alogliptin has proven to result in comparable efficacy and tolerability in the elderly as in the younger population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Alogliptin alone or in combination with other antidiabetic agents has shown a significant reduction in HbA1c while remaining safe and tolerable. The efficacy profile of alogliptin is comparable to other DPP-4 inhibitors. Additional long-term research is necessary with regard to long-standing efficacy and effects on beta-cell function.
authors.affiliation: Wingate University School of Pharmacy, Wingate, NC, USA ajbrackett@wingate.edu.
authors.forename: Adriane B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Marino
authors.affiliation: Wingate University School of Pharmacy, Wingate, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Sabrina W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Cole
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose; D001835:Body Weight; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000187:drug effects; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010880:Piperidines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D014498:Uracil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D010880:Piperidines; D014498:Uracil; C520853:alogliptin
keywords: alogliptin; dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor; oral antidiabetic agent; type 2 diabetes