title: Recommendations for transoesophageal echocardiography: EACVI update 2014.
abstract: With this document, we update the recommendations for transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging. The document focusses on the areas of interventional TOE, in particular transcatheter aortic, mitral, and left atrial appendage interventions, as well as on the role of TOE in infective endocarditis, adult congenital heart disease, and aortic disease.
authors.affiliation: Uppsala University, Institut för Medicinska Vetenskaper, Akademiska sjukhuset, Ingång 40, Plan 5, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Frank A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Flachskampf
authors.forename: Patrick F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Wouters
authors.forename: Thor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Edvardsen
authors.forename: Artur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Evangelista
authors.forename: Gilbert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Habib
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: Patrizio
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lancellotti
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pepi
mesh_terms: D001018:Aortic Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D020517:Atrial Appendage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002309:Cardiology; D019560:Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal / Q000379:methods; D004697:Endocarditis, Bacterial / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005060:Europe; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D012955:Societies, Medical; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000379:methods
keywords: 3D echo; interventional echocardiography; transoesophageal echocardiography