title: Women's experiences following severe perineal trauma: a qualitative study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Literature reports that the psychological impact for women following severe perineal trauma is extensive and complex, however there is a paucity of research reporting on women's experience and perspective of how they are cared for during this time. The aim of this study was to explore how women experience and make meaning of living with severe perineal trauma.
  
  
  METHODS
  A qualitative interpretive approach using a feminist perspective guided data collection and analysis. Data were collected through semi-structured face to face interviews with twelve women in Sydney, Australia, who had experienced severe perineal trauma during vaginal birth. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three main themes were identified: The Abandoned Mother describes how women feel vulnerable, exposed and disempowered throughout the labour and birth, suturing, and postpartum period and how these feelings are a direct result of the actions of their health care providers. The Fractured Fairytale explores the disconnect between the expectations and reality of the birth experience and immediate postpartum period for women, and how this reality impacts upon their ability to mother their newborn child and the sexual relationship they have with their partner. A Completely Different Normal discusses the emotional pathway women travel as they work to rediscover and redefine a new sense of self following severe perineal trauma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  How women are cared for during their labour, birth and postnatal period has a direct impact on how they process, understand and rediscover a new sense of self following severe perineal trauma. Women who experience severe perineal trauma and associated postnatal morbidities undergo a transition as their maternal body boundaries shift, and the trauma to their perineum results in an extended physical opening whereby the internal becomes external, and that creates a continual shift between self and other.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Science, University of Western Sydney, Building EB, Parramatta Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South DC NSW 2751, Australia. h.priddis@uws.edu.au.
authors.forename: Holly
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Priddis
authors.forename: Virginia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Schmied
authors.forename: Hannah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dahlen
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D007743:Labor, Obstetric / Q000523:psychology*; D022125:Lacerations / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D007744:Obstetric Labor Complications / Q000523:psychology*; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D036801:Parturition / Q000523:psychology*; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010502:Perineum / Q000293:injuries*; D011181:Postnatal Care / Q000523:psychology; D049590:Postpartum Period / Q000523:psychology; D011247:Pregnancy; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012649:Self Concept; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D013537:Sutures; D015599:Trauma Severity Indices