title: Studies on the effect of sodium arsenate on the enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism, brush border membrane, and oxidative stress in the rat kidney.
abstract: Arsenic is an environmental pollutant and its contamination in drinking water poses serious world wide environmental health threats. It produces multiple adverse effects in various tissues, including the kidney. However, biochemical mechanism and renal response to its toxic insult are not completely elucidated. We hypothesized that sodium arsenate (ARS) induces oxidative stress and alters the structure and metabolic functions of kidney. Male Wistar rats were administered ARS (10 mg/kg body weight/day), intraperitoneally daily for 10 days. ARS administration increased blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, cholesterol, glucose, and phospholipids but decreased inorganic phosphate, indicating kidney toxicity. The activity of brush border membrane (BBM) enzymes significantly lowered in both cortex and medulla. Activity of hexokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenases, and NADP-malic enzyme significantly increased whereas malate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphatase, and fructose 1,6 bis phosphatase decreased by ARS exposure. The activity of superoxide dismutase, GSH-peroxidase, and catalase were selectively altered in renal tissues along with an increase in lipid peroxidation. The present results indicated that ARS induced oxidative stress caused severe renal damage that resulted in altered levels of carbohydrate metabolism and BBM enzymes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, UP, India.
authors.forename: Faaiza
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shahid
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, UP, India.
authors.forename: Sana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rizwan
authors.affiliation: DST-INSPIRE Faculty, Cell Biology & Physiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India.
authors.forename: Md Wasim
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: SVKMs Mithibai College, Bhakti Vedanta Marg, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India.
authors.forename: Sara Anees
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, UP, India.
authors.forename: Ashreeb
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Naqshbandi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, UP, India. Electronic address: yusufi@lycos.com.
authors.forename: Ahad Noor Khan
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Yusufi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001149:Arsenates / Q000633:toxicity*; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008871:Microvilli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014166:Transferases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001149:Arsenates; C009277:sodium arsenate; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D014166:Transferases
keywords: Brush border membrane enzymes; Carbohydrate metabolism; Oxidative stress; Rat kidney; Sodium arsenate