title: Transgenerational transmission of hyperactivity in a mouse model of ADHD.
abstract: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral disorder affecting children and adults. Genetic and environmental factors are associated with the etiology of ADHD. Among the environmental factors, exposure of the developing brain to nicotine is considered a major risk factor. Recent evidence suggests that environmental influences on the brain and behavior may be transmitted from one generation to the next. We used a prenatal nicotine exposure (PNE) mouse model of ADHD to test the hypothesis that PNE-induced hyperactivity, a proxy for human ADHD phenotype, is transmitted from one generation to the next. Our data reveal transgenerational transmission of PNE-induced hyperactivity in mice via the maternal but not the paternal line of descent. We suggest that transgenerational transmission is a plausible mechanism for propagation of environmentally induced ADHD phenotypes in the population.
authors.affiliation: Center for Brain Repair, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida 32311, and Pediatric Psychopharmacology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114.
authors.forename: Jinmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Kevin P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Spencer
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Biederman
authors.forename: Pradeep G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Bhide
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004777:Environment; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology; D009538:Nicotine / Q000494:pharmacology; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists; D008774:Methylphenidate; D009538:Nicotine
keywords: ADHD; dopamine; hyperactivity; methylphenidate; nicotine; transgenerational transmission