title: Idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system in children.
abstract: Idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system usually present with a typical morphologic pattern in adults, with multiple sclerosis as the predominant disorder. However, the variety of disorders in children has an odd range of features that have piqued the interest of researchers. Information concerning this group of diseases, both in vivo and in different age groups, has particularly progressed with the advent of magnetic resonance imaging in the last few decades. In this article, we provide an overview of the applicability of imaging for idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system in children. In addition to pediatric multiple sclerosis, this review addresses other related disorders, such as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, pediatric neuromyelitis optica, recurrent optic neuritis, and relapsing transverse myelitis.
authors.affiliation: From the *Division of Neuroradiology, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo; and †Division of Neuroradiology, Fleury Medicina e Saúde, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antonio José
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: da Rocha
authors.forename: Bernardo Rodi Carvalho
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Barros
authors.forename: Bruno Vasconcelos Sobreira
authors.initials: BV
authors.lastname: Guedes
authors.forename: Antonio Carlos Martins
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Maia
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D002648:Child; D003711:Demyelinating Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D056324:Diffusion Tensor Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009413:Nerve Fibers, Myelinated / Q000473:pathology*; D066127:White Matter / Q000473:pathology*