title: Vascular neural network: the importance of vein drainage in stroke.
abstract: This perspective commentary summarized the stroke pathophysiology evolution, especially the focus in the past on neuroprotection and neurovascular protection and highlighted the newer term for stroke pathophysiology: vascular neural network. Emphasis is on the role of venules and veins after an acute stroke and as potential treatment targets. Vein drainage may contribute to the acute phase of brain edema and the outcomes of stroke patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China, 400062.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Nikan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Khatibi
authors.forename: John H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology