title: Phylogenetic distribution of the capsid assembly protein gene (g20) of cyanophages in paddy floodwaters in Northeast China.
abstract: Numerous studies have revealed the high diversity of cyanophages in marine and freshwater environments, but little is currently known about the diversity of cyanophages in paddy fields, particularly in Northeast (NE) China. To elucidate the genetic diversity of cyanophages in paddy floodwaters in NE China, viral capsid assembly protein gene (g20) sequences from five floodwater samples were amplified with the primers CPS1 and CPS8. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was applied to distinguish different g20 clones. In total, 54 clones differing in g20 nucleotide sequences were obtained in this study. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the distribution of g20 sequences in this study was different from that in Japanese paddy fields, and all the sequences were grouped into Clusters α, β, γ and ε. Within Clusters α and β, three new small clusters (PFW-VII∼-IX) were identified. UniFrac analysis of g20 clone assemblages demonstrated that the community compositions of cyanophage varied among marine, lake and paddy field environments. In paddy floodwater, community compositions of cyanophage were also different between NE China and Japan.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Science, Harbin, China ; Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China ; Heilongjiang BaYi Agricultural University, College of Life and Sci-technology, Daqing, China.
authors.forename: Ruiyong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jing
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Science, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Junjie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Science, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Zhenhua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Science, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Xiaobing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Science, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Guanghua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001435:Bacteriophages / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002213:Capsid / Q000378:metabolism*; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D002681:China; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D000458:Cyanobacteria / Q000821:virology*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D058645:Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000032:analysis; D007564:Japan; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012275:Oryza; D010802:Phylogeny; D025341:Principal Component Analysis
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins; D004279:DNA, Viral