title: Toe walking in autism: further observations.
abstract: Toe walking has been associated with language disorders and autism. To better understand the association between persistent toe walking and sensory and motor variables in children with autism, the degree of toe walking was compared with an estimate of the severity of sensory integration dysfunction symptoms and the presence of residual components of the tonic labyrinthine in supine reflex pattern in 61 children younger than 37 months of age with newly diagnosed autism. There was no association between the presence of toe walking and sensory symptoms (P = .5298) or language age (P = .6142), but there was an association between toe walking and the presence of components of the tonic labyrinthine reflex (P = .04222). These preliminary results support the contribution of subtle motor deficits to the evolution of some behaviors associated with autism.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA paccardo@mcvh-vcu.edu.
authors.forename: Pasquale J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Accardo
authors.affiliation: Applied Statistics Program, Penn State University, State College, PA, USA.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Barrow
mesh_terms: D001321:Autistic Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012018:Reflex; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014034:Toes; D016138:Walking
keywords: autism; toe walking; tonic labyrinthine reflex