title: Feline diabetes mellitus: clinical use of long-acting glargine and detemir.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diabetes mellitus is a common endocrine disorder in feline practice, affecting approximately 1 in 200 cats. The majority of diabetic cats have type 2 diabetes mellitus, which results from a combination of peripheral insulin resistance and a progressive reduction in insulin production.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  While usually easy to diagnose, management of diabetes mellitus presents a number of challenges for practitioners and clients alike. Practitioners must decide on diet, insulin type and dose, monitoring method and intensity, and concomitant therapy, which will vary based on individual patient and client needs, and geographic location. Practitioners may also encounter patients with diabetic ketoacidosis or other diabetic complications, and patients with multiple concurrent diseases. Clients may be challenged by the substantial time and financial commitment involved in owning a diabetic cat.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Understanding the pathophysiology, optimal treatment protocols and current goals of diabetes management will benefit practitioners managing diabetic cats. This article reviews the most current management plans for feline diabetics. It places particular emphasis on best practice for achieving diabetic remission, which is an attainable goal in the majority of newly diagnosed diabetic cats.
  
  
  METHODS
  The information in this article is drawn from the recent human and veterinary literature, including prospective and retrospective studies. The body of prospective clinical data on the use of newer, long-acting insulins (glargine and especially detemir) in cats is limited, but growing.
authors.affiliation: The Animal Medical Center, 510 East 62nd Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA email: Carly.Bloom@amcny.org.
authors.forename: Carly Anne
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Bloom
authors.forename: Jacquie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rand
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002415:Cats; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D016883:Diabetic Ketoacidosis / Q000662:veterinary; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule / Q000662:veterinary; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069057:Insulin Detemir; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D000069057:Insulin Detemir