title: Nitrate transport and signalling in Arabidopsis.
abstract: Plants have developed adaptive responses allowing them to cope with nitrogen (N) fluctuation in the soil and maintain growth despite changes in external N availability. Nitrate is the most important N form in temperate soils. Nitrate uptake by roots and its transport at the whole-plant level involves a large panoply of transporters and impacts plant performance. Four families of nitrate-transporting proteins have been identified so far: nitrate transporter 1/peptide transporter family (NPF), nitrate transporter 2 family (NRT2), the chloride channel family (CLC), and slow anion channel-associated homologues (SLAC/SLAH). Nitrate transporters are also involved in the sensing of nitrate. It is now well established that plants are able to sense external nitrate availability, and hence that nitrate also acts as a signal molecule that regulates many aspects of plant intake, metabolism, and gene expression. This review will focus on a global picture of the nitrate transporters so far identified and the recent advances in the molecular knowledge of the so-called primary nitrate response, the rapid regulation of gene expression in response to nitrate. The recent discovery of the NIN-like proteins as master regulators for nitrate signalling has led to a new understanding of the regulation cascade.
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1318, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, F-78000 Versailles, France.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krapp
authors.forename: Laure C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: David
authors.forename: Camille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chardin
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Girin
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marmagne
authors.forename: Anne-Sophie
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Leprince
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chaillou
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ferrario-Méry
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Daniel-Vedele
mesh_terms: D027321:Anion Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D008954:Models, Biological; D000091285:Nitrate Transporters; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D027321:Anion Transport Proteins; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D000091285:Nitrate Transporters; D009566:Nitrates; D012987:Soil; D014157:Transcription Factors
keywords: Arabidopsis; nitrate signalling; nitrate transport; nitrogen; primary nitrate response; transport.