title: Development of an inhibitive assay using commercial Electrophorus electricus acetylcholinesterase for heavy metal detection.
abstract: Near-real-ime assay is anassay method that the whole process from sampling until results could be obtained in approximately Iess than one hour. The ElIman assay for acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) has near real-time potential due to its simplicity and fast assay time. The commercial acetylcholinesterase from Electrophorus electricus is well known for its uses in insecticides detection. A lesser known fact is AChE is also sensitive to heavy metals. A near real-time inhibitive assay for heavy metals using AChE from this source showed promising results. Several heavy metals such as copper, silver and mercury could be etected with IC50 values of1.212, 0.1185 and 0.097 mg I-1, respectively. The Limits of Detection (LOD) for copper, silver and mercury were 0.01, 0.015 and 0.01 mg I-1, respectively. TheLimits of quantitation (LOQ) or copper, silver and mercury were 0.196, 0.112 and 0.025 mg I-1, respectively. The LOQvalues for copper, silver and mercury were well below the maximum permissible limit for these metal ions as outlined by Malaysian Department of Environment. A polluted location demonstrated near real-time applicability of the assay with variation oftemporal levels of heavy metals detected. The results show that AChE from Electrophorus electricus has the potential to be used as a near real-time biomonitoring tool for heavy
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University Putra Malaysia-43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. yunus@biotech.upm.edu.my
authors.forename: M Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Shukor
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University Putra Malaysia-43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Tham
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University Putra Malaysia-43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: M I E
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Halmi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University Putra Malaysia-43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Khalid
authors.affiliation: Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad-500 007, India.
authors.forename: Ghousia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Begum
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University Putra Malaysia-43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Syed
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D004228:Dithionitrobenzoic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D004593:Electrophorus / Q000378:metabolism*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008296:Malaysia; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis*; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D004228:Dithionitrobenzoic Acid; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase