title: Understanding the antimicrobial mechanism of TiO₂-based nanocomposite films in a pathogenic bacterium.
abstract: Titania (TiO₂)-based nanocomposites subjected to light excitation are remarkably effective in eliciting microbial death. However, the mechanism by which these materials induce microbial death and the effects that they have on microbes are poorly understood. Here, we assess the low dose radical-mediated TiO₂ photocatalytic action of such nanocomposites and evaluate the genome/proteome-wide expression profiles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 cells after two minutes of intervention. The results indicate that the impact on the gene-wide flux distribution and metabolism is moderate in the analysed time span. Rather, the photocatalytic action triggers the decreased expression of a large array of genes/proteins specific for regulatory, signalling and growth functions in parallel with subsequent selective effects on ion homeostasis, coenzyme-independent respiration and cell wall structure. The present work provides the first solid foundation for the biocidal action of titania and may have an impact on the design of highly active photobiocidal nanomaterials.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Catalysis, CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kubacka
authors.affiliation: Chair of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Wageningen University, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: María Suárez
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Diez
authors.affiliation: Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis, University CEU San Pablo, Boadilla del Monte, 28668 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rojo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Catalysis, CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bargiela
authors.affiliation: Proteomic Facility, CNB-National Centre for Biotechnology, CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ciordia
authors.affiliation: Proteomic Facility, CNB-National Centre for Biotechnology, CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Inés
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zapico
authors.affiliation: Proteomic Facility, CNB-National Centre for Biotechnology, CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Albar
authors.affiliation: Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis, University CEU San Pablo, Boadilla del Monte, 28668 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Coral
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barbas
authors.affiliation: 1] Chair of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Wageningen University, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands [2] LifeGlimmer GmbH, 12163 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Vitor A P
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Martins dos Santos
authors.affiliation: Institute of Catalysis, CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Marcos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fernández-García
authors.affiliation: Institute of Catalysis, CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferrer
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002384:Catalysis; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D040901:Proteomics; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium