title: Automatic interpretation and writing report of the adult waking electroencephalogram.
abstract: Automatic interpretation of the EEG has so far been faced with significant difficulties because of a large amount of spatial as well as temporal information contained in the EEG, continuous fluctuation of the background activity depending on changes in the subject's vigilance and attention level, the occurrence of paroxysmal activities such as spikes and spike-and-slow-waves, contamination of the EEG with a variety of artefacts and the use of different recording electrodes and montages. Therefore, previous attempts of automatic EEG interpretation have been focussed only on a specific EEG feature such as paroxysmal abnormalities, delta waves, sleep stages and artefact detection. As a result of a long-standing cooperation between clinical neurophysiologists and system engineers, we report for the first time on a comprehensive, computer-assisted, automatic interpretation of the adult waking EEG. This system analyses the background activity, intermittent abnormalities, artefacts and the level of vigilance and attention of the subject, and automatically presents its report in written form. Besides, it also detects paroxysmal abnormalities and evaluates the effects of intermittent photic stimulation and hyperventilation on the EEG. This system of automatic EEG interpretation was formed by adopting the strategy that the qualified EEGers employ for the systematic visual inspection. This system can be used as a supplementary tool for the EEGer's visual inspection, and for educating EEG trainees and EEG technicians.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Human Brain Research Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan. Electronic address: shib@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shibasaki
authors.affiliation: Saga University Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saga, Japan.
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Saga University Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saga, Japan.
authors.forename: Takenao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugi
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer and Communication Engineering, Fukuoka Institute of Technology, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeto
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Human Brain Research Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Systems Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagamine
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Human Brain Research Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Epilepsy, Movement Disorders and Physiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ikeda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology*; D016477:Artifacts; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D058256:Brain Waves / Q000502:physiology; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000145:classification* / Q000379:methods*; D001330:Electronic Data Processing / Q000379:methods; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006985:Hyperventilation / Q000503:physiopathology; D066209:Medical Writing; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D012016:Reference Values; D058028:Research Report; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
keywords: Automatic interpretation of EEG; Automatic writing of EEG report; Background activity of EEG; Posterior dominant rhythm; Quantitative EEG analysis; Spike detection