title: Effect of cold application in combination with Indomethacin suppository on chest tube removal pain in patients undergoing open heart surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chest tube removal is a painful procedure. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of cold application in combination with Indomethacin suppository on chest tube removal pain in patients undergoing open heart surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  This single-blind, double-group clinical trial was performed on 66 patients aged 18-68 years with the chest tube in pleural space. The Indomethacin suppository (100 mg) was administered 1 h before the chest tub removal in both groups. In the intervention group, we applied a 4°C cold pack in the chest tube side for 20 min. In the placebo group, the applied pack was at room temperature. Pain intensity was measured by Visual Analog Score 20 min before, immediately after, and 15 min after the chest tube removal.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immediately after the CTR, the mean pain score was 2.67 ± 0.79 and 3.9 ± 0.76 in the intervention and placebo groups, respectively. The pain scores measured before and 15 min after the CTR were not statistically different between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Application of cold in combination with Indomethacin suppository during the CTR was a suitable, low-risk, and easy method for pain control in open heart patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Zanjan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mitra B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Payami
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Allinasab Hospital, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Nahid
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Daryei
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Zanjan, Iran.
authors.forename: Nouraddin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mousavinasab
authors.affiliation: Subspecialist of Cardiovascular Surgery, Allinasab Hospital, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Eskandar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nourizade
keywords: Chest tube; Iran; cryotherapy; indomethacin; pain