title: Epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of Gram-negative aerobic bacteria causing intra-abdominal infections during 2010-2011.
abstract: The study for monitoring antimicrobial resistance trends (SMART) surveillance program monitors the epidemiology and trends in antibiotic resistance of intra-abdominal pathogens to currently used therapies. The current report describes such trends during 2010-2011. A total of 25,746 Gram-negative clinical isolates from intra-abdominal infections were collected and classified as hospital-associated (HA) if the hospital length of stay (LOS) at the time of specimen collection was ≥48 hours, community-associated (CA) if LOS at the time of specimen collection was <48 hours, or unknown (no designation given by participating centre). A total of 92 different species were collected of which the most common was Escherichia coli: 39% of all isolates in North America to 55% in Africa. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the second most common pathogen: 11% of all isolates from Europe to 19% of all isolates from Asia. Isolates were from multiple intra-abdominal sources of which 32% were peritoneal fluid, 20% were intra-abdominal abscesses, and 16.5% were gall bladder infections. Isolates were further classified as HA (55% of all isolates), CA (39% of all isolates), or unknown (6% of all isolates). The most active antibiotics tested were imipenem, ertapenem, amikacin, and piperacillin-tazobactam. Resistance rates to all other antibiotics tested were high. Considering the current data set and high-level resistance of intra-abdominal pathogens to various antibiotics, further monitoring of the epidemiology of intra-abdominal infections and their susceptibility to antibiotics through SMART is warranted.
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hawser
authors.forename: Daryl J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Hoban
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Badal
authors.forename: Samuel K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Bouchillon
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Biedenbach
authors.forename: Meredith
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hackel
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Morrissey
mesh_terms: D018784:Abdominal Abscess / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000382:microbiology; D002764:Cholecystitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D062665:Epidemiological Monitoring; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D014943:Global Health; D006088:Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D059413:Intraabdominal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D007710:Klebsiella Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007902:Length of Stay; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Ertapenem,; Intra-abdominal infection; Susceptibility,