title: Measurement science in the circulatory system.
abstract: The dynamics of the cellular and molecular constituents of the circulatory system are regulated by the biophysical properties of the heart, vasculature and blood cells and proteins. In this review, we discuss measurement techniques that have been developed to characterize the physical and mechanical parameters of the circulatory system across length scales ranging from the tissue scale (centimeter) to the molecular scale (nanometer) and time scales of years to milliseconds. We compare the utility of measurement techniques as a function of spatial resolution and penetration depth from both a diagnostic and research perspective. Together, this review provides an overview of the utility of measurement science techniques to study the spatial systems of the circulatory system in health and disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR ; Department of Chemistry, Lewis & Clark College, Portland OR.
authors.forename: Casey M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR.
authors.forename: Sandra M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Baker-Groberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR.
authors.forename: Flor A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Cianchetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR.
authors.forename: Jeremy J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Glynn
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR.
authors.forename: Laura D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Healy
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR.
authors.forename: Wai Yan
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR.
authors.forename: Jonathan W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR.
authors.forename: Diana C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Parrish
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR.
authors.forename: Kevin G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR.
authors.forename: Devon E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Scott-Drechsel
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR ; Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR.
authors.forename: Ian J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Tagge
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR.
authors.forename: Jaime E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Zelaya
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR.
authors.forename: Monica T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Hinds
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR ; Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR ; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR.
authors.forename: Owen J T
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: McCarty