title: 3D finite element analysis of immediate loading of single wide versus double implants for replacing mandibular molar.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this finite element study was to compare the stresses, strains, and displacements of double versus single implant in immediate loading for replacing mandibular molar.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two 3D FEM (finite element method) models were made to simulate implant designs. The first model used 5-mm-wide diameter implant to support a single molar crown. The second model used 3.75-3.75 double implant design. Anisotropic properties were assigned to bone model. Each model was analyzed with single force magnitude (100 N) in vertical axis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This FEM study suggested that micromotion can be controlled better for double implants compared to single wide-diameter implants. The Von Mises stress for double implant showed 74.44% stress reduction compared to that of 5-mm implant. The Von Mises elastic strain was reduced by 61% for double implant compared to 5-mm implant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limitations of the study, when the mesiodistal space for artificial tooth is more than 12.5 mm, under immediate loading, the double implant support should be considered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology and Implantology, H. K. E. Society's S. Nijalingappa Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Shrikar R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Desai
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Karthikeyan
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Al-Badar Rural Dental College and Hospital, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Reetika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gaddale
keywords: Dentistry; finite element analysis; stress analysis