title: A case series of gastrointestinal tuberculosis in renal transplant patients.
abstract: Tuberculosis is a disease relatively frequent in renal transplant patients, presenting a wide variety of clinical manifestations, often involving various organs and potentially fatal. Gastrointestinal tuberculosis, although rare in the general population, is about 50 times more frequent in renal transplant patients. Intestinal tuberculosis has a very difficult investigational approach, requiring a high clinical suspicion for its diagnosis. Therapeutic options may be a problem in the context of an immunosuppressed patient, requiring adjustment of maintenance therapy. The authors report two cases of isolated gastro-intestinal tuberculosis in renal transplant recipients that illustrates the difficulty of making this diagnosis and a brief review of the literature on its clinical presentation, diagnosis, and therapeutic approach.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Santo António Hospital, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9874-650X
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Azevedo
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Santo António Hospital, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Santo António Hospital, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Santo António Hospital, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aguiar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Santo António Hospital, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Farrajota
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Santo António Hospital, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Santo António Hospital, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Sofia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pedroso
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Santo António Hospital, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: La Salete
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Santo António Hospital, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Leonídio
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Santo António Hospital, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: José Ramón
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Vizcaíno
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Santo António Hospital, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: António
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Castro Henriques
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Santo António Hospital, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: António
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cabrita