title: Human transporter database: comprehensive knowledge and discovery tools in the human transporter genes.
abstract: Transporters are essential in homeostatic exchange of endogenous and exogenous substances at the systematic, organic, cellular, and subcellular levels. Gene mutations of transporters are often related to pharmacogenetics traits. Recent developments in high throughput technologies on genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics allow in depth studies of transporter genes in normal cellular processes and diverse disease conditions. The flood of high throughput data have resulted in urgent need for an updated knowledgebase with curated, organized, and annotated human transporters in an easily accessible way. Using a pipeline with the combination of automated keywords query, sequence similarity search and manual curation on transporters, we collected 1,555 human non-redundant transporter genes to develop the Human Transporter Database (HTD) (http://htd.cbi.pku.edu.cn). Based on the extensive annotations, global properties of the transporter genes were illustrated, such as expression patterns and polymorphisms in relationships with their ligands. We noted that the human transporters were enriched in many fundamental biological processes such as oxidative phosphorylation and cardiac muscle contraction, and significantly associated with Mendelian and complex diseases such as epilepsy and sudden infant death syndrome. Overall, HTD provides a well-organized interface to facilitate research communities to search detailed molecular and genetic information of transporters for development of personalized medicine.
authors.affiliation: Center for Bioinformatics, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China ; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Adam Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Behavioral Neuroscience Research Branch, NIH-IRP (NIDA), Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Qing-Rong
authors.initials: QR
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Chuan-Yun
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Center for Bioinformatics, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Center for Bioinformatics, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qu
mesh_terms: D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D016208:Databases, Factual; D030541:Databases, Genetic; D004194:Disease / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000378:metabolism; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D014584:User-Computer Interface
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations