title: Transcriptomic reprogramming of genus Paracoccidioides in dimorphism and host niches.
abstract: The thermodimorphic fungi Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and Paracoccidioides lutzii are the etiologic agents of Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), the most important endemic systemic mycosis in Latin America. Paracoccidioides grows as saprophytic mycelia that produce infective conidia propagules, which are inhaled into the lungs where the fungus converts to the pathogenic yeast form. From the lungs, Paracoccidioides may disseminate through blood and lymphatics to several other organs and tissues. During the last decade we have witnessed the generation of a large amount of transcriptomic data regarding the events leading to the morphological transition and host niche adaptation. In this review we summarize those findings and discuss the consequence of gene expression plasticity in the persistence and survival of this pathogen. In addition, we discuss the future trends on the host-pathogen studies and how new molecular strategies, such as RNA-seq, dual RNA-seq and Chip-Seq can be powerful tools to improve our understanding on the pathobiology of this systemic mycosis in Latin America.
authors.affiliation: Lab. de Imunologia Aplicada, CEL/IB, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil; Faculdade de Ceilândia, FCE, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília - DF, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aldo Henrique
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Tavares
authors.affiliation: Lab. de Biologia Molecular, CEL/IB, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil; Faculdade de Ceilândia, FCE, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília - DF, Brazil.
authors.forename: Larissa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: Lab. de Imunologia Aplicada, CEL/IB, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil.
authors.forename: Anamélia Lorenzetti
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Bocca
authors.affiliation: Lab. de Biologia Molecular, CEL/IB, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ildinete
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Silva-Pereira
authors.affiliation: Lab. de Biologia Molecular, CEL/IB, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil; Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília - DF, Brazil. Electronic address: msueli@unb.br.
authors.forename: Maria Sueli
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Felipe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D010228:Paracoccidioides / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development*; D014774:Virulence
keywords: Dimorphism; Host–pathogen interaction; Paracoccidioides; Transcriptome profiling