title: Immediate and long-term results of bronchial artery embolization for hemoptysis due to benign versus malignant pulmonary diseases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bronchial artery embolization (BAE) is widely used for the treatment of hemoptysis. The immediate and long-term results of BAE for hemoptysis in patients with benign and malignant pulmonary diseases were inconsistent in previous studies and were thus investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retrospective review of the clinical records of 154 patients (108 with benign disease and 46 with malignant disease) who received BAE for hemoptysis from January 2005 to June 2011 at the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immediate cessation of hemoptysis was achieved in 98 patients with benign disease (90.7%) and 42 patients with malignancy (91.3%). The long-term control rate of hemoptysis in patients with benign disease was 74.3% (80/108) at 1 year, significantly higher than in patients with cancer (16/46, 35.5%, P < 0.01). The worst outcomes in the benign and malignant groups were observed in patients with aspergilloma and squamous cell lung cancer, respectively. The average number of abnormal vessels on bronchial arteriography was higher in the benign group than in the malignant group (3 ± 1.3 versus 2 ± 1.1, respectively, P < 0.01). Moreover, recurrent hemoptysis was independently associated with the presence of massive hemoptysis and bronchial-pulmonary artery shunt in both groups (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BAE is a relatively safe procedure for patients with hemoptysis. Immediate control of hemoptysis with BAE is achieved in most cases, but the long-term hemoptysis control rate is worse in malignant lung diseases than in benign conditions, especially among patients with squamous cell lung cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Liang-An
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zhi-Xin
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Chun-Sun
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yan-Wen
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Dan-Yang
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: She
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001981:Bronchial Arteries / Q000473:pathology*; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006469:Hemoptysis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult