title: Primary vaccination with the LiESP/QA-21 vaccine (CaniLeish) produces a cell-mediated immune response which is still present 1 year later.
abstract: Canine leishmaniasis, an important zoonotic disease of dogs, is the result of an ineffective and inappropriate immune response to infection with Leishmania infantum. It is widely accepted that the appropriate immune response is characterised by a T-helper (Th)1-dominated profile in an overall mixed Th1/Th2 response. The absence of a strong Th1 response is associated with progression to the clinical disease. Thus, there is a need for an effective vaccine that could modulate the immune response to a more appropriate profile against the parasite. In this study we measured the impact of the LiESP/QA-21 canine vaccine, recently launched commercially in Europe, on selected humoral and cellular immune markers for one year after a primary vaccination course. The humoral response to vaccination was characterised by a predominantly IgG2 profile. Vaccinated dogs developed long-lasting cell-mediated immune responses against L. infantum, specifically with a stronger ability of macrophages to reduce intracellular parasite burdens in co-culture with autologous lymphocytes compared to control dogs (p=0.0002), which was correlated with induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and production of nitric oxide (NO) derivatives. These results confirm that vaccination with LiESP/QA-21 is capable of inducing an appropriate Th1-dominated immune profile which persists for a full year.
authors.affiliation: WHO Collaborating Centre for Leishmaniasis, Centro Nacional de Microbiologia, Instituto de Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.affiliation: INSERM UMR S 945, Immunité et Infection, Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vouldoukis
authors.affiliation: Biological R&D, Virbac, 13éme Rue, Carros, France.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schreiber
authors.affiliation: Biological R&D, Virbac, 13éme Rue, Carros, France.
authors.forename: Virginie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: Medical Department, Virbac, 13éme Rue, Carros, France. Electronic address: david.mcgahie@virbac.com.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McGahie
authors.affiliation: Biological R&D, Virbac, 13éme Rue, Carros, France.
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gueguen
authors.affiliation: Biological R&D, Virbac, 13éme Rue, Carros, France.
authors.forename: Anne-Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Cuisinier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018314:Leishmania infantum / Q000276:immunology*; D054332:Leishmaniasis Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D013997:Time Factors; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D054332:Leishmaniasis Vaccines
keywords: Canine leishmaniasis; Cell-mediated immunity; Nitric oxide; Prevention; Th1; Vaccination