title: Surgical outcome of congenital heart disease in Down's syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  only a few studies have compared surgical outcomes in children with and without Down's syndrome. The purpose of this study was to investigate the surgical outcome in children with Down's syndrome and congenital heart disease and to compare it with that in age- and sex-matched non-Down controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  the charts of 32 consecutive Down's syndrome patients who underwent surgery for congenital heart disease in a single center from January 2006 to May 2010, were compared with the data of 32 age- and sex-matched non-Down controls, focusing on comparative echocardiographic details, surgical outcome, and intensive care unit data. The data were compared using the 2-group t test. The children were followed up for a median period of 48 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  the most common cardiac lesion in the study group was ventricular septal defect (41%) followed by atrioventricular septal defect (28%). Ventilation and intensive care unit stay were significantly longer in Down's syndrome children, with a trend towards more respiratory complications. At a median follow-up of 48 months, there were no cardiac events or mortality in the study group. Simple lesions were more common than atrioventricular septal defect in Down's syndrome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  children with Down's syndrome can be operated on with negligible mortality and good functional outcome, but with a higher surgical morbidity.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Paediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Praveen S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Lal
authors.forename: Bhushan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chavan
authors.forename: Vimala Rani
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Devendran
authors.forename: Roy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Varghese
authors.forename: Uday Charan
authors.initials: UC
authors.lastname: Murmu
authors.forename: Raghavannair Suresh
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000628:therapy; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Complete atrioventricular septal defect; congenital; down syndrome; heart defects; postoperative complications; treatment outcome