title: Lactobacillus salivarius WB21--containing tablets for the treatment of oral malodor: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the effect of probiotic intervention using lactobacilli on oral malodor.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a 14-day, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized crossover trial of tablets containing Lactobacillus salivarius WB21 (2.0 × 10(9) colony-forming units per day) or placebo taken orally by patients with oral malodor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Organoleptic test scores significantly decreased in both the probiotic and placebo periods compared with the respective baseline scores (P < .001 and P = .002), and no difference was detected between periods. In contrast, the concentration of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) (P = .019) and the average probing pocket depth (P = .001) decreased significantly in the probiotic period compared with the placebo period. Bacterial quantitative analysis found significantly lower levels of ubiquitous bacteria (P = .003) and Fusobacterium nucleatum (P = .020) in the probiotic period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicated that daily oral consumption of tablets containing probiotic lactobacilli could help to control oral malodor and malodor-related factors.
authors.affiliation: Section of General Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan. Electronic address: naojsz@college.fdcnet.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Nao
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Center for Oral Diseases, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoneda
authors.affiliation: Tanabe Preservative Dentistry, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazunari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanabe
authors.affiliation: Section of General Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Akie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.affiliation: Section of General Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kosaku
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iha
authors.affiliation: Section of General Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Seno
authors.affiliation: Section of General Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.affiliation: Section of General Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwamoto
authors.affiliation: Section of General Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yosuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Masuo
authors.affiliation: Section of General Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hirofuji
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006209:Halitosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D007778:Lactobacillus; D010919:Placebos; D019936:Probiotics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013607:Tablets; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D010919:Placebos; D013607:Tablets