title: About different types of water in swollen polyelectrolyte multilayers.
abstract: The review addresses swelling of polyelectrolyte multilayers in water. Different models for the determination of the water content are compared. It is clearly shown that voids under dry conditions present cavities for water which contribute to the water content of the multilayer in the swollen state. This so-called "void water" does not lead to any changes in thickness but in scattering length density during swelling. The "swelling water" leads to both changes in scattering length density and in thickness. Depending on the preparation conditions like the type polymers, polymer charge density, ionic strength and type of salt the ratio of "void water" differs between 1 and 15 vol.% while the amount of "swelling water" is of several ten's of vol.%.
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz-Zentrum, Lise-Meitner Campus, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Koehler
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz-Zentrum, Lise-Meitner Campus, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Steitz
authors.affiliation: Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Tech-nische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 124, D-10623 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: klitzing@chem.tu-berlin.de.
authors.forename: Regine
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: von Klitzing
keywords: Ion specific effects; Neutron reflectivity; Neutron reflectometry; Polyeletrolyte multilayers; Void water; Water content