title: Focal therapy for prostate cancer. Rationale, indications and selection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The great controversy surrounding the treatment of localized prostate cancer is related with its possibilities of radical treatment or active surveillance. The objective of this paper is to analyze the rationale selection among current focal therapy modalities regarding tumor and patient selection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Current articles about advantages and disadvantages on the treatment of localized prostate cancer as well as information about focal therapy regarding tumour selection, characteristics and indications cited in MEDLINE search were reviewed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Focal therapy standardized criteria must be: low risk tumors, PSA<10-15, Gleason score ≤ 6, and unilateral presentation all supported by image-guided biopsy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). There are doubts about the suitability of focal therapy in cases of bilateralism or in those with Gleason score 3+4 or PSA>15.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Focal therapy is an alternative for localized prostate cancer treatment. However, some aspects of their diagnosis and selection criteria should be defined by prospective studies which should provide knowledge about the indication for focal therapy.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca y Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, A Coruña, España. Electronic address: fgveiga@telefonica.net.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gómez-Veiga
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca y Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, A Coruña, España.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Portela-Pereira
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario de Granada, Granada, España.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Cozar-Olmo
authors.affiliation: Urology Department, University College London Hospital, Londres, Reino Unido.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.affiliation: Urology Department, University College London Hospital, Londres, Reino Unido.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.affiliation: Urology Department, University College London Hospital, Londres, Reino Unido.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dickinson
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Fundación Puigvert, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Algaba
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Izquierdo
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alcaraz Asensio
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca y Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, A Coruña, España.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martinez-Breijo
authors.affiliation: Urology Department, University College London Hospital, Londres, Reino Unido.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Emberton
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D059351:Organ Sparing Treatments; D018579:Patient Selection; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: Cáncer de próstata; Diagnosis; Diagnóstico; Focal therapy; Prostate cancer; Terapia focal; Tratamiento; Treatment