title: The volume of the caudal space and sacral canal in human sacrum.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Caudal block is now- a -days a commonly used procedure for pain management and regional anaesthesia. The optimum volume of drugs required to reach the appropriate level is needed.
  
  
  METHODS
  For this, we studied seventy-two human sacra and measured morphometrics like height of canal and transverse diameter. We utilized these measurements for volume estimation of sacral canal and caudal space by forming a simple mathematical formula for volume half-cone.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed that mean volumes of sacral canal and caudal space were 38.26 cm(3) (23.76-62.78 cm(3)) and 14.25cm(3) (6.67-24 cm(3)) respectively.Volumes of sacral canal and caudal space had higher values in males than in females.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  So, finally, it was concluded that volume of caudal space could be easily calculated this way and it was as reliable as MRI.
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, HIMSR , Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India .
authors.forename: Adil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Asghar
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Anaesthesiology, HIMSR , Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India .
authors.forename: Shagufta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Naaz
keywords: Caudal block; Caudal space; Sacral canal