title: Aggregation-induced emissive copper(I) complexes for living cell imaging.
abstract: Phosphorescent binuclear copper(I) complexes [Cu2(BrphenBr)2(Ph2P(CH2)nPPh2)2](ClO4)2 with different conformations are obtained by reaction of [Cu(NCCH3)4]ClO4, 3,8-dibromo-1,10-phenanthroline (BrphenBr), and corresponding diphosphine ligands, where n = 1, 4, 5, and 6 in complexes Cu-1, Cu-2, Cu-3, and Cu-4, respectively. Complex Cu-4 exhibits both the eclipsed and the staggered conformations of 18-membered Cu2C12P4 metallacycles in a 1:1 ratio in the crystal structure. All complexes are very stable to air and moisture in the solid state because of the high level of protection of all the Cu(I) centers, N and P atom centers resulting from the close contact of BrphenBr and diphosphine ligands, and what is more important is that there exist very soft P donors and the chelating effect of aromatic N atoms. The ESI-MS result through changing the collision cell energy from 0 to 20 eV suggests that the corresponding [Cu2(Ph2P(CH2)nPPh2)2](2+) cations are the thermodynamically stable species, while [Cu2(BrphenBr)2(Ph2P(CH2)nPPh2)2](ClO4)2 are stable products in crystallization kinetics in solutions. All complexes Cu-1-Cu-4 display good aggregation-induced phosphorescence emission (AIPE) behavior in CH2Cl2/hexane mixed solvents, which are suggested to arise from restriction of intramolecular rotation. Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) of complexes Cu-1-Cu-4 in PBS/DMSO (99:1, v:v) is used for living HeLa cell imaging successfully with green intracellular emission image.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China.
authors.forename: Xue-Lian
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yu-bo
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Ai
authors.forename: Feng-lei
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xiu-Ling
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Fuyou
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008958:Models, Molecular; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared
chemical_list: D003300:Copper