title: Differential effects of high-fish oil and high-lard diets on cells and cytokines involved in the inflammatory process in rat insulin-sensitive tissues.
abstract: Dietary fat sources may differentially affect the development of inflammation in insulin-sensitive tissues during chronic overfeeding. Considering the anti-inflammatory properties of ω-3 fatty acids, this study aimed to compare the effects of chronic high-fish oil and high-lard diets on obesity-related inflammation by evaluating serum and tissue adipokine levels and histological features in insulin-sensitive tissues (white adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and liver). As expected, a high-lard diet induced systemic and peripheral inflammation and insulin resistance. Conversely, compared with a high-lard diet, a high-fish oil diet resulted in a lower degree of systemic inflammation and insulin resistance that were associated with a lower adipocyte diameter as well as lower immunoreactivity for transforming growth factor β 1 (TGFβ1) in white adipose tissue. A high-fish oil diet also resulted in a lower ectopic lipid depot, inflammation degree and insulin resistance in the skeletal muscle and liver. Moreover, a high-fish oil diet attenuated hepatic stellate cell activation and fibrogenesis in the liver, as indicated by the smooth muscle α-actin (α-SMA) and TGFβ1 levels. The replacement of lard (saturated fatty acids) with fish oil (ω-3 fatty acids) in chronic high-fat feeding attenuated the development of systemic and tissue inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Via Mezzocannone 8, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134 Naples, Italy. lilla.lionetti@unina.it.
authors.forename: Lillà
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lionetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Via Mezzocannone 8, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134 Naples, Italy. mariapia.mollica@unina.it.
authors.forename: Maria Pina
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Mollica
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Via Mezzocannone 8, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134 Naples, Italy. raffaella.sica@unina.it.
authors.forename: Raffaella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sica
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Via Mezzocannone 8, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134 Naples, Italy. imma.donizetti@hotmail.it.
authors.forename: Immacolata
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Donizzetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Via Mezzocannone 8, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134 Naples, Italy. giorgio.gifuni@libero.it.
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gifuni
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Via Mezzocannone 8, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134 Naples, Italy. angelicapignalosa@libero.it.
authors.forename: Angelica
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pignalosa
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Via Mezzocannone 8, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134 Naples, Italy. gina.cavaliere@libero.it.
authors.forename: Gina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cavaliere
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Via Mezzocannone 8, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134 Naples, Italy. rosalba.putti@unina.it.
authors.forename: Rosalba
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Putti
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D055166:Hepatic Stellate Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000473:pathology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D054392:Adipokines; D052242:Adiponectin; D001786:Blood Glucose; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C498862:Acta2 protein, rat