title: Triple-balloon shunt placement for carotid endarterectomy: a novel intraluminal shunt designed to preserve the internal and external carotid blood flow.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a newly developed intraluminal triple-balloon shunt designed to preserve the blood flow of both the internal carotid artery (ICA) and the external carotid artery (ECA) during carotid endarterectomy in patients with a previous ipsilateral extracranial-intracranial bypass, in whom hemodynamic cerebral ischemia might be caused by cross-clamping at the ICA as well as the ECA.
  
  
  METHODS
  The novel device consists of 3 silicone tubes equipped with balloons at each end. The design facilitates insertion proximally to the common carotid artery and distally to both the ICA and the ECA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The new shunt tube was used in 3 patients, each of whom had previously undergone ipsilateral superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery bypass for proximal middle cerebral artery occlusion. The blood flow of the middle cerebral artery and anterior cerebral artery was supplied independently from the ECA via the bypass and from the ICA, respectively. There were no shunt-related complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This novel shunt device can be used safely and effectively in cases requiring preservation of the blood supply to both the ICA and the ECA during carotid endarterectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Stroke and Neurological Center, Shin-Koga Hospital, Kurume, Japan. Electronic address: tommy@tenjinkai.or.jp.
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hitotsumatsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Stroke and Neurological Center, Shin-Koga Hospital, Kurume, Japan.
authors.forename: Ataru
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Stroke and Neurological Center, Shin-Koga Hospital, Kurume, Japan.
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ido
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Stroke and Neurological Center, Shin-Koga Hospital, Kurume, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishido
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Stroke and Neurological Center, Shin-Koga Hospital, Kurume, Japan.
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon / Q000379:methods*; D002342:Carotid Artery, External / Q000502:physiology*; D002343:Carotid Artery, Internal / Q000502:physiology*; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000601:surgery; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D016894:Endarterectomy, Carotid / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D020768:Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000502:physiology; D013699:Temporal Arteries / Q000502:physiology
keywords: Carotid endarterectomy; Cerebral blood flow; Intraluminal shunt; Triple-balloon shunt