title: Safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of single and multiple luseogliflozin dosing in healthy Japanese males: a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Luseogliflozin, a sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, inhibits reabsorption of glucose in the proximal renal tubule. It was developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  METHODS
  For this first human study of luseogliflozin, randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled, single ascending dose (1-25 mg) and multiple ascending dose (5 or 10 mg/day, 7 days) trials were conducted in healthy male Japanese subjects to investigate safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no serious adverse events, adverse events leading to discontinuation, or episodes of hypoglycemia. After administration of a single oral dose of luseogliflozin, its maximum plasma level (C max) and area under the concentration-time curve increased in a dose-dependent manner, and no food effects were observed on pharmacokinetics. The mean time taken to reach C max (T max) ranged from 0.667 to 2.25 h. The mean plasma half-life of luseogliflozin (T 1/2) after multiple dosing for 7 days ranged from 9.14 to 10.7 h, and no detectable accumulation of luseogliflozin was observed. Urinary glucose excretion increased in a dose-dependent manner, ranging from 18.9 to 70.9 g (single-dose study).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Luseogliflozin was well tolerated and showed favorable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles in healthy male Japanese subjects.
authors.affiliation: Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, The Jikei University Graduate School of Medical Research, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Seino
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fukatsu
authors.forename: Soichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: Yoshishige
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Samukawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006029:Glycosuria / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013012:Sorbitol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D013012:Sorbitol; C549343:1,5-anhydro-1-(5-(4-ethoxybenzyl)-2-methoxy-4-methylphenyl)-1-thioglucitol