title: Coordination of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and aberrant canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling for heterotopic bone formation in adrenal myelolipoma: A case report.
abstract: The precise mechanism of heterotopic ossification caused by several types of tumours is largely unknown. However, recent studies have indicated that bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) is closely linked to the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in this rare phenomenon of bone formation. We report a rare case of adrenal myelolipoma (ML) in a 27-year-old woman with heterotopic bone formation. Immunohistochemical findings showed BMP2 expression in the cytoplasm of tumour cells, as well as the matrix adjacent to newly developed bone tissue. In addition, β-catenin was prominent in the cytoplasm and nuclei of BMP2-positive tumour cells. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of adrenal ML showing heterotopic ossification with accelerated expression of both BMP2 and β-catenin. Our case findings indicate that BMP2 overexpression via aberrant canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling may contribute to heterotopic bone formation occurring in adrenal ML.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan;
authors.forename: Yozo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mitsui
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan;
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yasumoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan;
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hiraki
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan;
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Arichi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology (Organ Pathology Unit), Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriyoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology (Organ Pathology Unit), Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology (Organ Pathology Unit), Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan.
authors.forename: Riruke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan;
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shiina