title: The effects of dietary Immunogen on innate immune response, immune related genes expression and disease resistance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
abstract: This study investigates the effects of prebiotic Immunogen on lysozyme, TNFα and HSP70 gene expression in head kidney, humoral innate immune parameters and resistant to Aeromonas hydrophila of rainbow trout. 120 healthy rainbow trout (81.65 ± 1.49 g) were distributed in six fiberglass tanks assigned to two groups fed control or diet supplemented with 2 g kg(-1) Immunogen for 45 days. The results revealed that administration of Immunogen significantly (P < 0.05) up regulated lysozyme and TNFα gene expression. HSP70 gene expression was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in Immunogen fed fish at the end of trial. Humoral innate immune parameters (lysozyme activity, ACH50 and bactericidal activity) were significantly (P < 0.05) increased whether 15 or 45 days after feeding on Immunogen supplemented diet. However, significant (P < 0.05) increase in agglutination antibody titer observed just after 45 days feeding on Immunogen. Rainbow trout fed with 2 g kg(-1) Immunogen showed remarkably higher resistance against A. hydrophila (64.44% survival) compared to the control group (24.44% survival). These results confirm that Immunogen can up regulates immune related genes expression, stimulates immune response that per se enhances disease resistance in rainbow trout.
authors.affiliation: Department of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Peyman
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yar Ahmadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. Electronic address: hfarahmand@ut.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Farahmand
authors.affiliation: Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
authors.forename: Hamed
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kolangi Miandare
authors.affiliation: Department of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mirvaghefi
authors.affiliation: Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Hossein
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hoseinifar
mesh_terms: D016980:Aeromonas hydrophila / Q000502:physiology; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D060467:Disease Resistance / Q000276:immunology; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000276:immunology*; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006403:Hematologic Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology*; D009113:Muramidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss; D056692:Prebiotics / Q000032:analysis*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D029941:Fish Proteins; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D056692:Prebiotics; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009113:Muramidase
keywords: Disease resistance; Immune related genes expression; Immune response; Immunogen(®); Rainbow trout