title: Second-hand smoke exposure in different types of venues: before and after the implementation of smoke-free legislation in Guangzhou, China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Smoke-free legislation was implemented in Guangzhou on 1 September 2010. However, the smoke-free policy did not cover all indoor areas and smoking rooms can be set in some public places. This study aimed to assess changes in self-reported second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure in different types of venues and in homes, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of smoke-free legislation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A repeated cross-sectional survey of representative participants was conducted in Guangzhou before and after the smoke-free legislation. Logistic regression models were used to examine the effectiveness of smoke-free legislation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Self-reported exposure to SHS,antitobacco advertisements and tobacco advertisements.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 4900 participants before the ban and 5135 participants after the ban were selected using a multistage stratified design.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In full smoking ban places, overall self-reported SHS exposure has declined significantly from 58.8% to 50.3% (p<0.05) with greater drops in cultural venues, government offices and commercial venues. The smoke-free policy did not alter SHS exposure in smokers' homes (39.6% in 2009 vs 40.0% in 2011; p=0.454). Although a slight decrease in SHS exposure was observed in smoking rooms in hotels, workplaces, restaurants, cafes/bars/nightclubs and amusement parks, SHS continued to be high in those areas. The implementation of smoke-free legislation was accompanied by an increase in antitobacco advertisements.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SHS exposure declines more significantly in full smoking ban places than in partial smoking ban places. The smoke-free policy in public places does not lead to more SHS exposure in homes. Therefore, it is recommended that Guangzhou should implement a 100% smoke-free policy in all public places and workplaces in the future.
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Xiaohua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Zhenjiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Yanhui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Ya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Zhengwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Sidong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000329:Advertising; D000368:Aged; D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D061845:Smoke-Free Policy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution
keywords: Epidemiology; Public Health