title: Active and stable liquid water innovatively prepared using resonantly illuminated gold nanoparticles.
abstract: The properties of confined liquid water, or liquid water in contact with hydrophobic surfaces, are significantly different from those of bulk liquid water. However, all of water's commonly described properties are related to inert "bulk liquid water" which comprises a tetrahedral hydrogen-bonded network. In this work, we report an innovative and facile method for preparing small water clusters (SWCs) with reduced affinity hydrogen bonds by letting bulk water flow through supported Au nanoparticles (NPs) under resonant illumination to give NP-treated (AuNT) water at constant temperature. Utilizing localized surface plasmon resonance on illuminated Au NPs, the strong hydrogen bonds of bulk water can be disordered when water is located at the illuminated Au/water interface. The prepared SWCs are free of Au NPs. The energy efficiency for creating SWCs is ∼17%. The resulting stable AuNT water exhibits distinct properties at room temperature, which are significantly different from the properties of untreated bulk water, examples being their ability to scavenge free hydroxyl and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals and to effectively reduce NO release from lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , No. 250, Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsiao-Chien
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Bing-Joe
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Fu-Der
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Mai
authors.forename: Yu-Chuan
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Chun-Mao
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Hsien-Shou
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Duen-Suey
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Ming-Jer
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kuang-Hsuan
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chung-Chin
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Jiun-Rong
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Tsui-Yun
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: Hui-Yen
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Chih-Ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hsiao-Ting
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rick