title: Low-bias terahertz amplitude modulator based on split-ring resonators and graphene.
abstract: Split-ring resonators represent the ideal route to achieve optical control of the incident light at THz frequencies. These subwavelength metamaterial elements exhibit broad resonances that can be easily tuned lithographically. We have realized a design based on the interplay between the resonances of metallic split rings and the electronic properties of monolayer graphene integrated in a single device. By varying the major carrier concentration of graphene, an active modulation of the optical intensity was achieved in the frequency range between 2.2 and 3.1 THz, achieving a maximum modulation depth of 18%, with a bias as low as 0.5 V.
authors.affiliation: Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge , J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Degl'Innocenti
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Jessop
authors.forename: Yash D
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Juraj
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sibik
authors.forename: J Axel
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Zeitler
authors.forename: Piran R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Kidambi
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hofmann
authors.forename: Harvey E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Beere
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Ritchie