title: Autophagy in arsenic carcinogenesis.
abstract: Chronic exposure to arsenic may cause cancer. Many mechanisms have been suggested for arsenic carcinogenesis. Autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved cellular catabolic mechanism, has been implicated in cancer biology. Although being claimed as a type of cell death, autophagy may actually serve as a cell self-defense mechanism. In this review article, current understandings of the mechanisms of arsenic carcinogenesis, functions of autophagy and the role of autophagy in arsenic carcinogenesis are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular & Biomedical Pharmacology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, China.
authors.forename: Yuanlin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular & Biomedical Pharmacology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular & Biomedical Pharmacology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, China.
authors.forename: Mingfang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular & Biomedical Pharmacology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular & Biomedical Pharmacology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA. Electronic address: gangchen6@uky.edu.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D001151:Arsenic / Q000633:toxicity*; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects*; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D001151:Arsenic
keywords: Arsenic; Autophagy; Carcinogenesis; Oxidative stress