title: Gender- and hydration- associated differences in the physiological response to spinning.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is scarce and inconsistent information about gender-related differences in the hydration of sports persons, as well as about the effects of hydration on performance, especially during indoor sports.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the physiological differences between genders during in indoor physical exercise, with and without hydration.
  
  
  METHODS
  21 spinning sportspeople (12 men and 9 women) participated in three controlled, randomly assigned and non-sequential hydration protocols, including no fluid intake and hydration with plain water or a sports drink (volume adjusted to each individual every 15 min), during 90 min of spinning exercise. The response variables included body mass, body temperature, heart rate and blood pressure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During exercise without hydration, men and women lost ~2% of body mass, and showed higher body temperature (~0.2°C), blood pressure (~4 mmHg) and heart rate (~7 beats/min) compared to exercises with hydration. Body temperature and blood pressure were higher for men than for women during exercise without hydration, differences not observed during exercise with hydration. Between 42-99% of variance in body temperature, blood pressure and heart rate could be explained by the physical characteristics of subjects and the work done.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  During exercise with hydration (either with water or sport drink), the physiological response was similar for both genders. Exercise without hydration produced physical stress, which could be prevented with either of the fluids (plain water was sufficient). Gender differences in the physiological response to spinning (body temperature, mean blood pressure and heart rate) can be explained in part by the distinct physical characteristics of each individual.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, Biomedical Sciences Institute. Autonomous University of Ciudad Juarez. Ciudad Juárez, México.. aramos@uacj.mx.
authors.forename: Arnulfo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramos-Jiménez
authors.affiliation: School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. Autonomous University of Chihuahua. Ciudad Juárez. Chihuahua. Mexico.. aramos@uacj.mx.
authors.forename: Rosa Patricia
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Hernández-Torres
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, Biomedical Sciences Institute. Autonomous University of Ciudad Juarez. Ciudad Juárez, México.. aramos@uacj.mx.
authors.forename: Abraham
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wall-Medrano
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry. School of Medicine. National Autonomous University of Mexico. Mexico City. Mexico.. aramos@uacj.mx.
authors.forename: Patricia Victoria
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Torres-Durán
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry. School of Medicine. National Autonomous University of Mexico. Mexico City. Mexico.. aramos@uacj.mx.
authors.forename: Marco Antonio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Juárez-Oropeza
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences. Biomedical Sciences Institute. Autonomous University of Ciudad Juarez. Campus Nuevo Casas Grandes. México.. aramos@uacj.mx.
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Viloria
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, Biomedical Sciences Institute. Autonomous University of Ciudad Juarez. Ciudad Juárez, México. Biomedicine Unit. School of Higher Studies Iztacala. National Autonomous University of Mexico. Tlalnepantla. Mexico. aramos@uacj.mx.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Villalobos-Molina
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054874:Athletic Performance; D001834:Body Water / Q000502:physiology*; D003681:Dehydration; D004326:Drinking; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D055815:Young Adult