title: Neural correlates of intentional and stimulus-driven inhibition: a comparison.
abstract: People can inhibit an action because of an instruction by an external stimulus, or because of their own internal decision. The similarities and differences between these two forms of inhibition are not well understood. Therefore, in the present study the neural correlates of intentional and stimulus-driven inhibition were tested in the same subjects. Participants performed two inhibition tasks while lying in the scanner: the marble task in which they had to choose for themselves between intentionally acting on, or inhibiting a prepotent response to measure intentional inhibition, and the classical stop signal task in which an external signal triggered the inhibition process. Results showed that intentional inhibition decision processes rely on a neural network that has been documented extensively for stimulus-driven inhibition, including bilateral parietal and lateral prefrontal cortex and pre-supplementary motor area. We also found activation in dorsal frontomedian cortex and left inferior frontal gyrus during intentional inhibition that depended on the history of previous choices. Together, these results indicate that intentional inhibition and stimulus-driven inhibition engage a common inhibition network, but intentional inhibition is also characterized by additional context-dependent neural activation in medial prefrontal cortex.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychology, Leiden University Leiden, Netherlands ; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition Leiden, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Margot A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Schel
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Human Development Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kühn
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brass
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London London, UK.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Haggard
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam Amsterdam, Netherlands ; Cognitive Science Center Amsterdam Amsterdam, Netherlands.
authors.forename: K Richard
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Ridderinkhof
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychology, Leiden University Leiden, Netherlands ; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition Leiden, Netherlands ; Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam Amsterdam, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Eveline A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Crone
keywords: action; cognitive control; fMRI; response inhibition; volition