title: An improved mechanical testing method to assess bone-implant anchorage.
abstract: Recent advances in material science have led to a substantial increase in the topographical complexity of implant surfaces, both on a micro- and a nano-scale. As such, traditional methods of describing implant surfaces - namely numerical determinants of surface roughness - are inadequate for predicting in vivo performance. Biomechanical testing provides an accurate and comparative platform to analyze the performance of biomaterial surfaces. An improved mechanical testing method to test the anchorage of bone to candidate implant surfaces is presented. The method is applicable to both early and later stages of healing and can be employed for any range of chemically or mechanically modified surfaces - but not smooth surfaces. Custom rectangular implants are placed bilaterally in the distal femora of male Wistar rats and collected with the surrounding bone. Test specimens are prepared and potted using a novel breakaway mold and the disruption test is conducted using a mechanical testing machine. This method allows for alignment of the disruption force exactly perpendicular, or parallel, to the plane of the implant surface, and provides an accurate and reproducible means for isolating an exact peri-implant region for testing.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto.
authors.forename: Spencer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto.
authors.forename: Elnaz
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ajami
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto; jed.davies@utoronto.ca.
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Davies
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000502:physiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D005269:Femur / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing / Q000379:methods; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013499:Surface Properties