title: The polymorphism of YWHAE, a gene encoding 14-3-3epsilon, and orbitofrontal sulcogyral pattern in patients with schizophrenia and healthy subjects.
abstract: An altered sulcogyral pattern in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) has been implicated in schizophrenia as a possible marker of abnormal neurodevelopment, while its genetic mechanism remains unknown. This magnetic resonance imaging study investigated the relationship between the polymorphism of YWHAE (rs28365859), a gene encoding 14-3-3epsilon that is a Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia 1 (DISC1)-interacting molecule associated with neuronal development, and the OFC subtypes of the 'H-shaped' sulcus (Types I, II, and III) in a Japanese sample of 72 schizophrenia patients and 86 healthy controls. The schizophrenia patients had significantly increased Type III (p = 0.004) and decreased Type I (p = 0.013) expression on the right hemisphere compared to the controls. The subjects carrying the protective C allele showed a decrease in Type III (p = 0.005) and an increase in Type I (p = 0.017) compared to the G allele homozygotes, especially for the healthy subjects in the left hemisphere. These results suggest a possible role for the YWHAE genotype in the early development of the OFC sulcogyral pattern, but its effect alone is not likely to explain the altered sulcogyral pattern in schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; Department of Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: tsutomu@med.u-toyama.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
authors.forename: Yumiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukako
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Branko
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Aleksic
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takayanagi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Furuichi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
authors.forename: Mikio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kido
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
authors.forename: Mihoko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
authors.forename: Daiki
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sasabayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan.
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
authors.forename: Kyo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Noguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cell Pharmacology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Kozo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaibuchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan.
authors.forename: Nakao
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.affiliation: Department of Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ozaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; Department of Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Michio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; C482983:YWHAE protein, human
keywords: 14-3-3epsilon; DISC1; Orbitofrontal cortex; Schizophrenia; YWHAE