title: Novel brominated flame retardants and dechloranes in three fish species from the St. Lawrence River, Canada.
abstract: Restrictions in the utilization of polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) mixtures have led to the increased usage of alternative flame retardant additives in a wide range of commercial applications. The present study examined the occurrence of established and emerging flame retardants (FRs) in fish from a densely-populated urbanized sector of the St. Lawrence River (Montreal, Quebec, Canada). Thirty-eight PBDE congeners and sixteen emerging FRs were determined in fish belonging to three predatory species (yellow perch, northern pike, and muskellunge). The ∑PBDE in fish were up to 24,115 ng/g lipid weight (l.w.) in the apex predator muskellunge. Twelve emerging FRs including bis(2-ethylhexyl)-tetrabromophthalate (BEHTBP), pentabromoethylbenzene (PBEB), Dechlorane Plus (anti and syn), dechloranes (Dec) 602, Dec 604, Dec 604 Compound B (Dec 604 CB), and Chlordene Plus (CP) were detected (>0.01 ng/gl.w.) in the liver of muskellunge and northern pike but not in yellow perch homogenates. This is the first report of Dec 604 CB in any fish species. The bioavailability of these FRs in human-impacted aquatic ecosystems warrants further environmental assessment and toxicity testing.
authors.affiliation: Environment Canada, Centre Saint-Laurent, 105 McGill Street, Montreal, QC H2Y 2E7, Canada. Electronic address: magali.houde@ec.gc.ca.
authors.forename: Magali
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Houde
authors.affiliation: Direction du suivi de l'état de l'environnement, Ministère du Développement durable, de l'Environnement, de la Faune et des Parcs, 675, boul. René-Lévesque Est, 7e étage, Québec, QC G1R 5V7, Canada. Electronic address: david.berryman@mddefp.gouv.qc.ca.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Berryman
authors.affiliation: Environment Canada, Centre Saint-Laurent, 105 McGill Street, Montreal, QC H2Y 2E7, Canada. Electronic address: yvesdelafontaine@ec.gc.ca.
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: de Lafontaine
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche en toxicologie de l'environnement (TOXEN), Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada. Electronic address: verreault.jonathan@uqam.ca.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Verreault
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002170:Canada; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005399:Fishes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000378:metabolism*; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000378:metabolism*; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005411:Flame Retardants; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Dechloranes; Emerging flame retardants; Fish; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers; St. Lawrence River