title: Tuberculosis of the temporomandibular joint.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Extrapulmonary and extra-spinal tuberculosis (TB) is rare, even in countries where the disease is endemic. Ten percent of these localizations are cervico-facial. Involvement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is very unusual. We present the features of such a case.
  
  
  METHODS
  We looked for patients managed for TMJ TB in 2 Maxillofacial Surgery departments and in 1 Pneumology & Phthisiology Department since 1992. The second part of the study was a literature review. One case was found in our departments and 15 other cases were found in published data. Most patients were women with mean age of 39.9 years (5 to 68). Pre-auricular swelling was the predominant functional sign, often without fever or change in the health status. The biological and radiological abnormalities were non-specific (osteolysis, joint pinching, etc.). No lung involvement was observed. The joint recovered its normal function after appropriate management.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tuberculosis of the TMJ is difficult to diagnose given its rarity and the non-specific nature of clinical and paraclinical signs. It must be considered in the differential diagnosis for common diseases of the TMJ whether TB is endemic or not.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, CHU de Treichville Abidjan, Côte D'Ivoire, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Assouan
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, CHU de Treichville Abidjan, Côte D'Ivoire, France.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Anzouan
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, CHU de Treichville Abidjan, Côte D'Ivoire, France.
authors.forename: N D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Nguessan
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, CHU de Treichville Abidjan, Côte D'Ivoire, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Millogo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pneumophtisiology, CHU Cocody, Côte d'Ivoire, France.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Horo
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, CHU de Treichville Abidjan, Côte D'Ivoire, France.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Konan
authors.affiliation: Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastique, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hand Surgery, centre hospitalier universitaire, université de Bourgogne, faculté de médecine, boulevard de Lattre-de-Tassigny, 21000 Dijon, France. Electronic address: nzwetyenga@gmail.com.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zwetyenga
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000382:microbiology; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D014394:Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Articulation temporomandibulaire; HIV; Osteoarticular tuberculosis; Temporomandibular joint; Tuberculose ostéoarticulaire; VIH