title: Herbicide clomazone effects on δ-aminolevulinic acid activity and metabolic parameters in Cyprinus carpio.
abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate δ-aminolevulinic acid (δ-ALA-D) activity and metabolic parameters of Cyprinus carpio exposed to clomazone herbicide. Fish were exposed 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 mg L(-1) of clomazone for 192 h. Results indicated that δ-ALA-D activity was decreased in the gills at concentrations of 5 and 10 mg L(-1). Liver glycogen increased, while muscle and gill glycogen levels decreased at 5, 10 and 20 mg L(-1). Glucose was increased in the gills and plasma. Lactate decreased in the gills and liver and increased in the muscle. Protein and amino acids levels increased in the liver and gills and decreased in the muscle. At a clomazone concentration of 20 mg L(-1), ammonia increased in the gills and muscle and decreased in the liver. The results indicated that the metabolic parameters of glycogen, lactate, protein and amino acids in liver, muscle and gills, blood glucose levels, and the enzyme δ-ALA-D in gills may be useful indicators of clomazone toxicity in carp.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Charlene
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Menezes
authors.forename: Jossiele
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Leitemperger
authors.forename: Camila
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Murussi
authors.forename: Cândida
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Toni
authors.forename: Maria do Carmo Santos
authors.initials: Mdo C
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.forename: Iria Luiza
authors.initials: IL
authors.lastname: Farias
authors.forename: Giselle Xavier
authors.initials: GX
authors.lastname: Perazzo
authors.forename: Nilda Vargas
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.forename: Vania Lucia
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Loro
mesh_terms: D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002347:Carps / Q000378:metabolism*; D006540:Herbicides / Q000633:toxicity*; D007555:Isoxazoles / Q000633:toxicity*; D023303:Oxazolidinones / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D007555:Isoxazoles; D023303:Oxazolidinones; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C095255:clomazone; D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid