title: Effect of final irrigating solution on smear layer removal and penetrability of the root canal sealer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of final rinsing solution on smear layer removal through penetrability of the root canal sealer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Each of the 30 teeth selected was decoronated and the root length standardized at 16 mm measured from the apex of the tooth to the cementoenamel junction (CEJ). A size 10-k file was used and working length was determined by subtracting 1mm from the measured length so that the length of the sample was 15mm. A combination of step back and crown down technique was done and apical portion was prepared till H-file no. 30. 3% NaOCl was used during cleaning and shaping of the canals. Finally the teeth were divided into three groups of 10 teeth each. Group-I was irrigated with 17% EDTA, Group-II with TUBLICID plus, and Group-III with Biopure MTAD(®). ISO 30 size gutta-percha points were selected as master cones. The Acroseal sealer was mixed with approximated concentration 0.1% fluorescent rhodamine B isothiocyanate dye. Obturation was done and after 48 hours, the roots were sectioned and subjected to confocal laser scanning microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Comparisons among the three groups were done by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Newman-Keuls multiple post-hoc procedures. The two-way ANOVA showed statistically highly significant results. The maximum depth of sealer penetration was observed in Group II followed by Group III and Group I.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of -Tubulicid plus as a final irrigant provided better smear layer removal than Biopure a mixture of doxicycline, citric acid and a detergent (Tween 80) (MTAD(®)) and 17% EDTA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, India.
authors.forename: Amarnath
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shenoy
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SIBAR Dental College, Guntur, India.
authors.lastname: Ahmaduddin
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SIBAR Dental College, Guntur, India.
authors.forename: Nagesh
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bolla
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SIBAR Dental College, Guntur, India.
authors.forename: Sarath
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Raj
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SIBAR Dental College, Guntur, India.
authors.forename: Pragna
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mandava
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, India.
authors.forename: Shruti
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nayak
keywords: Biopure MTAD®; ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid; smear layer; step back; tubulicid