title: Aclidinium bromide for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The safety and efficacy of the second U.S.-approved long-acting inhaled anticholinergic for controlling bronchospasm in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are reviewed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aclidinium bromide (Tudorza, Forest Pharmaceuticals) is indicated for long-term maintenance therapy for COPD-associated bronchospasm. It is marketed as a 60-dose metered-dose inhaler to be used twice daily. In Phase II and III clinical trials involving a total of more than 3000 patients, daily use of aclidinium bromide was found to significantly improve selected key indicators of lung function (trough values for forced expiratory volume at one second [FEV1] and other FEV1 outcome measures) compared with placebo use. Other benefits of aclidinium bromide therapy, including a significant reduction in nighttime COPD symptoms, were demonstrated for up to one year. However, aclidinium bromide has not been consistently demonstrated to be more effective than the other currently available long-acting inhaled anticholinergic, tiotropium bromide. Furthermore, the clinical trials indicated no significant difference between aclidinium bromide and tiotropium bromide with regard to rates of systemic adverse effects. For some patients, aclidinium bromide may offer advantages over tiotropium bromide (e.g., a faster time to peak FEV1, lower cost of therapy).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aclidinium bromide is an inhaled anticholinergic that improves lung function measures in patients with COPD. The most common adverse effects during clinical trials of the drug were headache, nasopharyngitis, and cough, none of which occurred at significantly higher rates than were seen with placebo use.
authors.affiliation: Lowell E. Stone, Pharm.D., is Postgraduate Year 1 Community Pharmacy Practice Resident; Jessica W. Skelley, Pharm.D., is Assistant Professor of Pharmacy Practice, Department of Pharmacy Practice; Jeffrey A. Kyle, Pharm.D., BCPS, is Associate Professor of Pharmacy Practice, Department of Pharmacy Practice; and Lindsey K. Elmore, Pharm.D., BCPS, is Assistant Professor of Pharmacy Practice, Department of Pharmacy Practice, McWhorter School of Pharmacy, Samford University, Birmingham, AL.
authors.forename: Lowell E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: Jessica W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Skelley
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Kyle
authors.forename: Lindsey K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Elmore
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017322:Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; D017326:Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D014326:Tropanes / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists; D014326:Tropanes; C542859:aclidinium bromide