title: Achilles tendon disorders.
abstract: Achilles tendon disorders include tendinosis, paratenonitis, insertional tendinitis, retrocalcaneal bursitis, and frank rupture. Patients present with pain and swelling in the posterior aspect of the ankle. Magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound are helpful in confirming the diagnosis and guiding treatment. Nonsurgical management of Achilles tendon disorders includes nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, physical therapy, bracing, and footwear modification. Surgical treatment includes debridement of the diseased area of the tendon with direct repair. Tendon transfer may be necessary to augment the strength of the Achilles tendon.
authors.affiliation: Foot and Ankle Service, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: steven.weinfeld@mountsinai.org.
authors.forename: Steven B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Weinfeld
mesh_terms: D000125:Achilles Tendon / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002062:Bursitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000379:methods; D019468:Disease Management; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D012421:Rupture / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D052256:Tendinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
keywords: Achilles rupture; Achilles tendinosis; Achilles tendon; Haglund deformity; Paratenonitis; Retrocalcaneal bursitis; Tendinitis