title: Allergic rhinitis: current options and future perspectives.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Allergic rhinitis due its high prevalence and burden needs to be properly treated. The disease's clinical features impose well tolerated drugs usable for long-term treatment. Nowadays, second-generation antihistamines and inhaled steroids represent the milestone of rhinitis therapy. The aim of the present review is to provide an update on allergic rhinitis treatment. A particular attention has been deserved to clinical trials, published in the last year that assess the efficacy and safety of new formulation of available drugs or new molecules.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Available and new drugs under investigation seem able to control rhinitis symptoms without a significant patient's burden. The challenge for the next years will be to improve treatment adherence rather than to introduce new drugs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma guidelines have brought attention to allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma, but have also proposed a new classification in terms of symptoms severity and persistence useful for tailoring treatment on patients' phenotypes. Their further dissemination is needed; furthermore, they represent a cornerstone for the scientific community through a continuous update on relevant issues such as rhinitis phenotypes, disease management on the basis of new treatments, clinical trials transferability in real life, and allergic rhinitis management in public health programs.
authors.affiliation: aAllergy and Respiratory Diseases Clinic, DIMI - University of Genoa, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genova, Italy bDepartment of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan *Federica Arcadipane and Fiorenza Marugo contributed equally to the writing of this article.
authors.forename: Fulvio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Braido
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Arcadipane
authors.forename: Fiorenza
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marugo
authors.forename: Mituki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Ruby
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pawankar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D011788:Quality of Life; D065631:Rhinitis, Allergic; D012221:Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents