title: Biorefining of waste paper biomass: increasing the concentration of glucose by optimising enzymatic hydrolysis.
abstract: Waste copier paper is a potential substrate for the production of glucose relevant for manufacture of platform chemicals and intermediates, being composed of 51 % glucan. The yield and concentration of glucose arising from the enzymatic saccharification of solid ink-free copier paper as cellulosic substrate was studied using a range of commercial cellulase preparations. The results show that in all cellulase preparations examined, maximum hydrolysis was only achieved with the addition of beta-glucosidase, despite its presence in the enzyme mixtures. With the use of Accellerase® (cellulase), high substrate loading decreased conversion yield. However, this was overcome if the enzyme was added between 12.5 and 20 FPU g substrate(-1). Furthermore, this reaction condition facilitated continual stirring and enabled sequential additions (up to 50 % w/v) of paper to be made to the hydrolysis reaction, degrading nearly all (99 %) of the cellulose fibres and increasing the final concentration of glucose whilst simultaneously making high substrate concentrations achievable. Under optimal conditions (50 °C, pH 5.0, 72 h), digestions facilitate the production of glucose to much improved concentrations of up to 1.33 mol l(-1).
authors.affiliation: The Biorefinery Centre, Institute of Food Research, Norwich, NR4 7UA, UK.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Elliston
authors.forename: Samuel R A
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: Craig B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Faulds
authors.forename: Ian N
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Keith W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Waldron
mesh_terms: D001709:Biotechnology; D002480:Cellulase / Q000737:chemistry*; D005947:Glucose / Q000737:chemistry*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D010209:Paper; D014866:Waste Products / Q000032:analysis*; D001617:beta-Glucosidase / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D014866:Waste Products; D001617:beta-Glucosidase; D002480:Cellulase; D005947:Glucose