title: Preparation and characterization of Tripterygium wilfordii multi-glycoside nanoparticle using supercritical anti-solvent process.
abstract: The aim of this study was to prepare nanosized Tripterygium wilfordii multi-glycoside (GTW) powders by the supercritical antisolvent precipitation process (SAS), and to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects. Ethanol was used as solvent and carbon dioxide was used as an antisolvent. The effects of process parameters such as precipitation pressure (15-35 MPa), precipitation temperature (45-65 °C), drug solution flow rates (3-7 mL/min) and drug concentrations (10-30 mg/mL) were investigated. The nanospheres obtained with mean diameters ranged from 77.5 to 131.8 nm. The processed and unprocessed GTW were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and thermal gravimetric analysis. The present study was designed to investigate the beneficial effect of the GTW nanoparticles on adjuvant-induced arthritis in albino rats. The processed and unprocessed GTW were tested against Freund's complete adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. Blood samples were collected for the estimation of interleukins (IL-1α, IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). It was concluded that physicochemical properties and anti-inflammatory activity of GTW nanoparticles could be improved by physical modification, such as particle size reduction using supercritical antisolvent (SAS) process. Further, SAS process was a powerful methodology for improving the physicochemical properties and anti-inflammatory activity of GTW.
authors.affiliation: State Engineering Laboratory for Bio-Resource Eco-Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China. chenfengli1103@163.com.
authors.forename: Fengli
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Engineering Laboratory for Bio-Resource Eco-Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China. styg12@126.com.
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Engineering Laboratory for Bio-Resource Eco-Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China. Rachel.0527@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Shuangyang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Engineering Laboratory for Bio-Resource Eco-Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China. lynnhkx@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Kexin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: State Engineering Laboratory for Bio-Resource Eco-Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China. zaizhiliu@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Zaizhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Engineering Laboratory for Bio-Resource Eco-Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China. lilili001@126.com.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Engineering Laboratory for Bio-Resource Eco-Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China. eric-cui1987@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Guoqiang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: State Engineering Laboratory for Bio-Resource Eco-Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China. zygorl@163.com.
authors.forename: Yuangang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zu
authors.affiliation: State Engineering Laboratory for Bio-Resource Eco-Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China. lyld312@126.com.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001168:Arthritis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D025924:Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid; D005260:Female; D006027:Glycosides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha / Q000097:blood; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000097:blood; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000378:metabolism; D013696:Temperature; D029757:Tripterygium / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D006027:Glycosides; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002245:Carbon Dioxide