title: Protective effects of garcinol in mice with lipopolysaccharide/D-galactosamine-induced apoptotic liver injury.
abstract: Garcinol is a polyisoprenylated benzophenone derivative of Garcinia indica. Recent researches have revealed the antioxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties of garcinol. In the present study, the pharmacological effects of garcinol in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced hepatic injury in D-galactosamine (D-Gal)-sensitized mice were investigated. We found that treatment with garcinol significantly decreased serum ALT and AST levels in LPS/D-Gal-exposed mice. These were accomplished with improved histological alterations in liver sections and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content in liver homogenates. Garcinol significantly reduced the acetylation level of NF-κB, but it had no obvious effects on the elevation of TNF-α or IL-6 in plasma or liver tissue. Garcinol significantly attenuated LPS/D-Gal-induced hepatic apoptosis as evidenced by reduced number of TUNEL-positive cells in liver sections. Our experiments also showed that garcinol markedly suppressed the cleavage of caspase-3 and significantly decreased the activities of caspase-3, -8, and -9 in liver tissues. In addition, garcinol obviously reduced the induction of Bax but did not alter the level of Bcl-2. These results indicated that garcinol might provide protective benefits in LPS/D-Gal-induced liver injury through suppressing apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Yuping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jing
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Hospital of Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Mengying
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Che
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Jingyuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Stem cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. Electronic address: zhangli@cqmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005688:Galactosamine; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D013729:Terpenes / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C494827:Bax protein, mouse; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D020011:Protective Agents; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D013729:Terpenes; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D005688:Galactosamine; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; C054597:garcinol
keywords: Apoptosis; Garcinol; Histone acetyltransferase; Lipopolysaccharide