title: Cluster analysis of cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors in women of reproductive age.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the association between endocrine disturbances and metabolic complications in women seeking gynecologic care.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study, cluster analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outpatient clinic, university medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  573 women, including 384 at low risk and 189 at high risk of cardiometabolic disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cardiovascular and metabolic parameters and clinical and biochemical characteristics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Risk factors for metabolic disease are associated with a low age of menarche, high levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and liver enzymes, and low levels of sex hormone-binding globulin. Overweight/obese status, polycystic ovary syndrome, oligo/amenorrhea, and hyperandrogenism were found to increase the risk of cardiometabolic disease. However, hyperprolactinemia and premature ovarian failure were not associated with the risk of cardiometabolic disease. In terms of androgens, the serum total testosterone level and free androgen index but not androstenedione or dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) were associated with cardiometabolic risk.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with metabolic risk, obesity was the major determinant of cardiometabolic disturbances in reproductive-aged women. Hyperprolactinemia and premature ovarian failure were not associated with the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  NCT01826357.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chii-Ruey
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Tzeng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yuan-chin Ivan
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-chia
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Woei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chi-Huang
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: hsumingi@yahoo.com.tw.
authors.forename: Ming-I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Hsu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood; D008572:Menarche / Q000097:blood; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D050177:Overweight / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D012098:Reproduction / Q000502:physiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: Cardiovascular risk; PCOS; cluster analysis; metabolic syndrome