title: Evaluation of recovery in lip closing pressure and occlusal force and contact area after orthognathic surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between lip closing force, occlusal contact area and occlusal force after orthognathic surgery in skeletal Class III patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects consisted of 54 patients (28 female and 26 male) diagnosed with mandibular prognathism who underwent sagittal split ramus osteotomy with and without Le Fort I osteotomy. Maximum and minimum lip closing forces, occlusal contact area and occlusal force were measured pre-operatively, 6 months and 1 year post-operative.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Maximum and minimum lip closing forces, occlusal contact area and occlusal force increased with time after surgery, however a significant increase was not found in the occlusal contact area in women. In increased ratio (6 months/pre-operative and 1 year/pre-operative), the maximum lip closing force was significantly correlated with the occlusal contact area (P < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggested that orthognathic surgery could improve the occlusal force, contact area and lip closing force, and an increase ratio in maximum lip closing force was associated with an increased ratio in occlusal contact area.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan. Electronic address: kueki@yamanashi.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ueki
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan.
authors.forename: Akinori
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moroi
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan.
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sotobori
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan.
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Marukawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan.
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Iguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kosaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryuichi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nakazawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan.
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Higuchi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001732:Bite Force; D003766:Dental Occlusion; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008046:Lip / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008313:Malocclusion, Angle Class III / Q000601:surgery*; D008334:Mandible / Q000601:surgery; D008437:Maxilla / Q000601:surgery; D056948:Orthognathic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D019340:Osteotomy, Le Fort / Q000379:methods; D059229:Osteotomy, Sagittal Split Ramus / Q000379:methods; D011312:Pressure; D011378:Prognathism / Q000601:surgery; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology; D063173:Retrognathia / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors
keywords: Lip closing force; Mandibular prognathism; Occlusal contact area; Occlusal force; Orthognathic surgery