title: Reliability and validity of QOLIE-10 in measuring health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Chinese epilepsy patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to translate and validate a short-form of Quality of Life Inventory in Epilepsy-89 (QOLIE-89)-QOLIE-10 for use in the busy clinical setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Accepted procedures were adopted to translate the QOLIE-10. Patients with epilepsy from two tertiary hospitals in China were asked to complete a standardized questionnaire including QOLIE-10, EQ-5D, QWB-SA and Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Construct validity was assessed via factor analysis. Convergent validity was explored via the correlations between QOLIE-10 and other external measures. The ability of QOLIE-10 to differentiate between epilepsy-specific variables was tested to examine the discriminant validity. Cronbach's alpha was calculated to test the reliability. Additionally, HRQoL according to different epilepsy-specific variables was compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  220 Respondents completed QOLIE-10 and EQ-5D, among which 141 subjects completed QWB-SA and MMSE. Two subscales were yielded in the factor analysis. The correlations between QOLIE-10 scores and EQ-5D, QWB-SA, MMSE were significant thus demonstrated the convergent validity. Furthermore, QOLIE-10 was able to differentiate patients with various seizure frequency, refractory epilepsy and antiepileptic treatment. The Cronbach's alpha was 0.853. In general, more predictive variables were identified to associate with QOLIE-10 scores than the other two instruments. Comorbidity (0.015), numbers of AEDs (0.037), seizure types (0.041) and refractory epilepsy (0.016) were potential predictors of HRQoLQOLIE-10, whereas there were fewer predictors for HRQoLEQ-5D or HRQoLQWB-SA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  QOLIE-10 appeared to be a reliable and sensitive instrument to assess the HRQoL for epilepsy patients. According to the MLR analyses, numbers of AEDs, refractory epilepsy, comorbidity depression, and cognitive function were demonstrated to be predictors of HRQoL dependent on different tools. Comparisons between the tools suggested epilepsy-specific instrument was more competent to discriminate HRQoL based on condition variables. However, a longitudinal study is still needed to examine the responsiveness of Chinese QOLIE-10.
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, MS 128, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. Electronic address: Lan.Gao@uon.edu.au.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, China. Electronic address: XL412@163.com.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, China. Electronic address: psq@medmail.com.cn.
authors.forename: Song-Qing
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, The Fifth Hospital of Wuhan, No 5 Xianzheng Street, Hanyang District, Wuhan 430050, Hubei, China. Electronic address: xtt7509@126.com.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, MS 108, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. Electronic address: ShuChuen.Li@newcastle.edu.au.
authors.forename: Shu-Chuen
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People / Q000523:psychology; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology*; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014175:Translating; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Chinese; Epilepsy; Health-related quality of life; Quality of Life Epilepsy Inventory-10 (QOLIE-10)