title: Arthroscopy in cattle: technique and normal anatomy.
abstract: Arthroscopy has all the advantages of minimally invasive surgery in cattle. Specialized equipment and knowledge of normal joint anatomy of cattle are mandatory for successful arthroscopy. The surgical technique is different in cattle compared with the horse. Thick skin and joint capsules complicate movement of the arthroscope within the joints. In cattle, septic arthritis and osteochondrosis are the most frequent disorders suitable for arthroscopic treatment.
authors.affiliation: Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vétérinaire (Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital), Université de Montréal, 3200 Rue Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec J2S 2M2, Canada. Electronic address: helene.larde@umontreal.ca.
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lardé
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, 3200 Rue Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec J2S 2M2, Canada.
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nichols
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001170:Arthritis, Infectious / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D001182:Arthroscopy / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D055034:Osteochondrosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary
keywords: Anatomy; Arthroscopy; Cattle; Surgery