title: Complications following an accidental sodium hypochlorite extrusion: A report of two cases.
abstract: Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is the most commonly used solution in root canal treatments, as it is a low-cost method that displays a very effective antimicrobial activity against microbiota of infected root canals. However, this solution can cause complications especially due to its cytotoxic features. When this solution is injected into the adjacent tissues, the patient usually experiences intense pain, and an urgent treatment should be implemented in order to prevent a long-term sequelae. This paper describes the clinical features of two patients that experienced an accidental extrusion of NaOCl after endodontic treatment of varying severity and with different treatments. Furthermore, it shows the long-term neurologic injuries that this type of accidents may cause and a treatment protocol for these situations will be suggested. Key words:Nerve damage, root canal irrigation, root canal treatment, sodium hypochlorite.
authors.affiliation: DDS. Fellow of the Postgraduate Oral Surgery and Orofacial Implantology, School of Dentistry, University of Barcelona (Spain).
authors.forename: María L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Bosch-Aranda
authors.affiliation: DDS, MD, PhD. Professor of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Barcelona (Spain). Researcher of the IDIBELL Institute. Barcelona (Spain).
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Canalda-Sahli
authors.affiliation: DDS. Associate Professor of Oral Surgery. Professor of the Master of Oral Surgery and Orofacial Implantology. School of Dentistry of the University of Barcelona. Researcher of the IDIBELL Institute. Barcelona (Spain).
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Figueiredo
authors.affiliation: DDS, MD, PhD. Chairman and Professor of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Director of the Master of Oral Surgery and Orofacial Implantology. School of Dentistry of the University of Barcelona. Coordinator/Researcher of the IDIBELL Institute. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon of the Teknon Medical Center, Barcelona (Spain).
authors.forename: Cosme
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gay-Escoda