title: Improved oral bioavailability of glyburide by a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study aimed at the development and characterisation of self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) to improve the oral bioavailability of poorly soluble glyburide.
  
  
  METHODS
  The solubility of glyburide was determined in various oils, surfactants and co-surfactants which were grouped into two different combinations to construct ternary phase diagrams. The formulations were evaluated for emulsification time, droplet size, zeta-potential, electrical conductivity and stability of nanoemulsions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The optimised SNEDDS loading with 5 mg/g glyburide comprised 55% Cremophor® RH 40, 15% propanediol and 30% Miglyol® 812, which rapidly formed fine oil-in-water nanoemulsions with 46 ± 4 nm particle size. Compared with the commercial micronised tablets (Glynase®PresTab®), enhanced in vitro release profiles of SNEDDS were observed, resulting in the 1.5-fold increase of AUC following oral administration of SNEDDS in fasting beagle dogs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicated that SNEDDS is a promising drug delivery system for increasing the oral bioavailability of glyburide.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China.
authors.forename: Hongzhuo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Kuimao
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.forename: Weina
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Donglei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Leng
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Tianhong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D004285:Dogs; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004655:Emulsions; D005905:Glyburide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D005905:Glyburide