title: Transethmoidal encephalocele after reduction of high intracranial pressure in aqueductal stenosis.
abstract: Acquired non-traumatic transethmoidal encephaloceles are very infrequent lesions that are generally caused by a tumor or hydrocephalus. As far as we know, there is no reported case of encephalocele after CSF diversion in the literature. We present a 25-year-old woman with hydrocephalus due to aquiductal stenosis who was treated with endoscopic third ventriculostomy. Nine months later, she had developed rhinorrhea and on imaging she had a transethmoidal encephalocele. She underwent endonasal endoscopic repair of the defect and removal of herniated parenchyma. CSF diversion to parasellar cisterns is not a known iatrogenic cause of basal encephalocele and is not noted elsewhere as a complication of third ventriculostomy. However, as third ventriculostomy is performed usually for intracranial hypertension treatment and intracranial hypertension itself is a known but rare cause of lacunar skull defect and encephalocele, this co-incidence may occur.
authors.affiliation: Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Guive
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sharifi
authors.forename: Ehsan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alavi
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jalessi
authors.forename: Karim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Haddadian
authors.forename: Faezeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Faramarzi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002535:Cerebral Aqueduct / Q000473:pathology*; D065634:Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak; D002559:Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea / Q000209:etiology; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D004677:Encephalocele / Q000209:etiology*; D005005:Ethmoid Sinus / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000601:surgery; D019586:Intracranial Hypertension / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D020542:Third Ventricle / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014696:Ventriculostomy