title: School burnout and engagement in the context of demands-resources model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A four-wave longitudinal study tested the demands-resources model in the school context.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the applicability of the demands-resources to the school context.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data of 1,709 adolescents were gathered, once during the transition from comprehensive to post-comprehensive education, twice during post-comprehensive education, and once 2 years later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The hypotheses were supported, path analysis showing that study demands were related to school burnout a year later, while study resources were related to schoolwork engagement. Self-efficacy was positively related to engagement and negatively to burnout. School burnout predicted schoolwork engagement negatively 1 year later. Engagement was positively related to life satisfaction 2 years later, while burnout was related to depressive symptoms. Finally, burnout mediated the relationship between study demands and mental health outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The demands-resources model can usefully be applied to the school context, including the associations between school-related burnout and engagement among adolescents. The model comprises two processes, the energy-depleting process and the motivational process.
authors.affiliation: University of Helsinki, Finland; University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
authors.forename: Katariina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Salmela-Aro
authors.forename: Katja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Upadyaya
mesh_terms: D000124:Achievement; D000293:Adolescent; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation / Q000502:physiology; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D020377:Self Efficacy; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires