title: Real-time proton beam range monitoring by means of prompt-gamma detection with a collimated camera.
abstract: Prompt-gamma profile was measured at WPE-Essen using 160 MeV protons impinging a movable PMMA target. A single collimated detector was used with time-of-flight (TOF) to reduce the background due to neutrons. The target entrance rise and the Bragg peak falloff retrieval precision was determined as a function of incident proton number by a fitting procedure using independent data sets. Assuming improved sensitivity of this camera design by using a greater number of detectors, retrieval precisions of 1 to 2 mm (rms) are expected for a clinical pencil beam. TOF improves the contrast-to-noise ratio and the performance of the method significantly.
authors.affiliation: IPNL, Université de Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, France. Université Lyon 1 and CNRS/IN2P3, UMR 5822 F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. CREATIS, Université de Lyon, F-69622 Lyon, France. Université Lyon 1 and CNRS UMR 5220, INSERMU1044, INSA-Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, France. Ion Beam Applications SA, Chemin du Cyclotron 3, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Roellinghoff
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Benilov
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dauvergne
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dedes
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Freud
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Janssens
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krimmer
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Létang
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Prieels
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Smeets
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Stichelbaut
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Testa
mesh_terms: D003199:Computer Systems; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D015902:Gamma Cameras; D005720:Gamma Rays; D061766:Proton Therapy; D011874:Radiometry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011881:Radiotherapy, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011882:Radiotherapy, High-Energy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011522:Protons
chemical_list: D011522:Protons