title: A transmembrane domain determines the localization of rice stripe virus pc4 to plasmodesmata and is essential for its function as a movement protein.
abstract: The pc4 protein encoded by rice stripe virus (RSV) is a viral movement protein (MP). A transmembrane (TM) domain spanning AAs 106-123 of pc4 was identified and shown to be essential for localization of pc4 to plasmodesmata (PD) (but not to chloroplasts) and for its ability to recover the movement of movement-deficient PVX. Analysis of alanine-scanning mutants showed that M116A and G120A had a similar localization to wild type pc4, being localized at PD and chloroplasts, but all other mutants were only localized at chloroplasts and not at PD. Mutants that could not be localized at PD had little (G123A) or no ability to recover PVX-GFPΔp25 movement, indicating that PD localization is crucial for the function of pc4 as a movement protein. Strangely, mutants M116A and G120A localized at PD and retained the ability to bind single-stranded RNA but did not support PVX-GFPΔp25 movement, indicating that properties other than PD localization and nucleotide binding ability may be needed for the function of pc4 as a movement protein.
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
authors.forename: Lingling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rong
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Ministry of China Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
authors.forename: Yuwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Ministry of China Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Ministry of China Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
authors.forename: Hongying
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Ministry of China Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China. Electronic address: fei.yan@mail.zaas.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Ministry of China Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China. Electronic address: jpchen2001@126.com.
authors.forename: Jianping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000821:virology; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D053830:Plant Viral Movement Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D031425:Plasmodesmata / Q000821:virology*; D011485:Protein Binding; D021381:Protein Transport; D029364:Tenuivirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D053830:Plant Viral Movement Proteins
keywords: Movement; Plasmodesmata; Rice stripe virus; Transmembrane; pc4