title: In vitro metabolism studies of erythraline, the major spiroalkaloid from Erythrina verna.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Erythrina verna, popularly known as "mulungu", is a Brazilian medicinal plant used to treat anxiety. Erythrina alkaloids have been described in several species of Erythrina, which have biological and therapeutic properties well known that include anxiolytic and sedative effects.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this work, in vitro metabolism of erythraline (1), the major spirocyclic alkaloid of Erythrina verna, was studied in the pig cecum model and by biomimetic phase I reactions. The biomimetic reactions were performed with Jacobsen catalyst to produce oxidative metabolites and one metabolite was isolated and evaluated against cancer cells, as HL-60 (promyelocytic leukemia), SF-295 (Glioblastoma) and OVCAR-8 (ovarian carcinoma).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Erythraline exhibited no metabolization by the pig microbiota and a main putative metabolite was formed in a biomimetic model using Jacobsen catalyst. This metabolite was isolated and identified as 8-oxo-erythraline (2). Finally, erythraline and the putative metabolite were tested in MTT model and both compounds showed no important cytotoxic activity against tumor cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The alkaloid erythraline was not metabolized by intestinal microbiota, but it was possible to identify its oxidative metabolite from biomimetic reactions. So these data are interesting and stimulate other studies involving this alkaloid, since it is present in phytomedicine products and there are not reported data about the metabolism of erythrina alkaloids.
authors.forename: Thais
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Guaratini
authors.forename: Denise Brentan
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Aline Cavalli
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Bizaro
authors.forename: Lucas Rossi
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Sartori
authors.forename: Hans-Ulrich
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Humpf
authors.forename: Norberto Peporine
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: Letícia Veras
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Costa-Lotufo
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos (NPPNS), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto (FCFRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av, Café s/nº, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. joaoluis@usp.br.
authors.forename: João Luis Callegari
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Lopes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001007:Anxiety / Q000188:drug therapy; D001938:Brazil; D004895:Erythrina / Q000737:chemistry*; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D026121:Indole Alkaloids / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000378:metabolism*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D026121:Indole Alkaloids; D010936:Plant Extracts; C586471:erythraline