title: Peripheral dose measurements in cervical cancer radiotherapy: a comparison of volumetric modulated arc therapy and step-and-shoot IMRT techniques.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the peripheral doses resulting from volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) techniques in cervical cancer radiotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine patients with cervical cancer had treatment planned with both VMAT and IMRT. A specially designed phantom was used for this study, with ion chambers placed at interest points approximating the position of the breast, thyroid, and lens. The peripheral doses at the phantom interest points were measured and compared between the VMAT and IMRT techniques.
  
  
  RESULTS
  VMAT provides a potential dosimetric advantage compared with IMRT. The mean (± standard deviation) peripheral dose to the breast point for 1 fraction (2 Gy) during VMAT measured 5.13 ± 0.96 mGy, compared with 9.04 ± 1.50 mGy for IMRT. At the thyroid and lens interest points, the mean (± standard deviation) peripheral dose during VMAT was 2.19 ± 0.33 and 2.16 ± 0.28 mGy, compared with 7.07 ± 0.76 and 6.97 ± 0.91 mGy for IMRT, respectively. VMAT reduced the monitor units used by 28% and shortened the treatment delivery time by 54% compared with IMRT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While the dosimetric results are similar for both techniques, VMAT results in a lower peripheral dose to the patient and reduces the monitor-unit usage and treatment delivery time compared with IMRT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, China. jiamx@sj-hospital.org.
authors.forename: Ming X
authors.initials: MX
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ce
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Ge
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Da W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D058958:Organs at Risk; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011874:Radiometry / Q000379:methods*; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D011880:Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D050397:Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*