title: Impaired circulating CD4+ LAP+ regulatory T cells in patients with acute coronary syndrome and its mechanistic study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  CD4(+) latency-associated peptide (LAP)(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a newly discovered T cell subset in humans and the role of these cells in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) has not been explored. We designed to investigate whether circulating frequency and function of CD4(+)LAP(+) Tregs are defective in ACS.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred eleven ACS patients (acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina) and 117 control patients were enrolled in the study. The control patients consisted of chronic stable angina (CSA) and chest pain syndrome (CPS). The frequencies of circulating CD4(+)LAP(+) Tregs and the expression of the transmembrane protein glycoprotein-A repetitions predominant (GARP) on CD4(+) T cells were determined by flow cytometry. The function of CD4(+)LAP(+) Tregs was detected using thymidine uptake. Serum interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor-β protein (TGF-β) levels were detected using ELISA and expression of GARP mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was measured by real time-polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found ACS patients had a significantly lower frequency of circulating CD4(+)LAP(+) Tregs, and the function of these cells was reduced compared to controls. The expression of GARP in CD4(+) T cells and the serum levels of TGF-β in ACS patients were lower than those of control patients. The serum levels of IL-10 were similar between the two cohorts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A novel regulatory T cell subset, defined as CD4(+)LAP(+) T cells is defective in ACS patients.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Zheng-Feng
authors.initials: ZF
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Cheng
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Bo
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Kun-Wu
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Peng-Fei
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Ze-Peng
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Bang-Wei
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China.
authors.forename: Qin-Wei
authors.initials: QW
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Qiu-Tang
authors.initials: QT
authors.lastname: Zeng
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D060050:Angina, Stable / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D002637:Chest Pain / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000166:cytology*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: C087215:LRRC32 protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1