title: [Effect of two hypocaloric diets and their combination with physical exercise on basal metabolic rate and body composition].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is diagnosed by the detection of at least three criteria (hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-C, hypertension, obesity and altered fasting glucose). Visceral fat excess would be the starting point for its development. Scientific evidence supports hypocaloric diets -mediterranean or low fat diet and rich in complex carbohydrates diet included- as the best treatment to reduce fat mass (FM), maximizing its impact by combining them with physical exercise (PE). However, the effects of these treatments on basal metabolic rate (BMR) of patients with MetS, are unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the effect of the hypocaloric diet - mediterranean or low fat diet- with or without PE on the BMR and body composition (BC) of adults with MetS.
  
  
  METHODS
  36 volunteers, MetS, both sexes, > 50 years, meeting the inclusion criteria. They were randomly assigned to a group of intervention (3 months) of hypocaloric diet: mediterranean diet (MED), low fat and rich in complex carbohydrates diet (CHO) and both combined with PE (MEDE and CHOE respectively). Anthropometric data was taken (weight, muscle mass (MM) and FM) and BMR was determined by indirect calorimetry, before and after intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The addition of PE to both hypocaloric treatments produced greater FM loss and weight loss than dieting alone, being this loss in CHOE > MEDE (p < 0.05). These groups decreased the BMR after treatment being MEDE > CHOE (p < 0.05). Mediterranean diet with or without PE lost MM (p < 0.05) being MEDE > MED CONCLUSIONS: CHOE induces less reduction of BMR while supporting a better profile of BC than MEDE.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis. IMIBIC/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía/Universidad de Córdoba. CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN). Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid. España.. noeliabonfanti@yahoo.com.ar.
authors.forename: Noelia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bonfanti
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis. IMIBIC/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía/Universidad de Córdoba. CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN). Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid. España..
authors.forename: Juan Marcelo
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis. IMIBIC/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía/Universidad de Córdoba. CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN). Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid. España..
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gomez-Delgado
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis. IMIBIC/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía/Universidad de Córdoba. CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN). Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid. España..
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pérez-Jiménez
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008660:Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged
vernacular_title: Efecto de dos dietas hipocalóricas y su combinación con ejercicio físico sobre la tasa metabólica basal y la composición corporal.