title: Anti-inflammatory effects of anthocyanins-rich extract from bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) on croton oil-induced ear edema and Propionibacterium acnes plus LPS-induced liver damage in mice.
abstract: Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) has been known to play a protective role in human health due to its high anthocyanin content. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of bilberry extract (BE, containing 42.04% anthocyanin) on Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) plus lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced liver injury and croton oil-induced ear edema in mice. Results showed that BE could effectively inhibit croton oil-induced ear edema and liver inflammation provoked by P. acnes plus LPS, as reflected by the reduced plasma alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities. These findings were confirmed by hepatic pathological examination. Moreover, BE administration markedly suppressed the increase of liver mRNA levels of iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, and the protein levels of iNOS, TNF-α and NF-κB. In addition, liver malondialdehyde and NO contents were significantly reduced by BE treatment. These results indicated that BE has potent protective effects on acute and immunological inflammation, which might contribute to the study of the anti-inflammatory effects of natural products and healthy food.
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Key Laboratory for R&D of Natural Drug, Guangdong Medical College , Zhanjiang , China and.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Xiao-Dan
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: Guo-En
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yi-Fang
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kurihara
authors.forename: Rong-Rong
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003436:Croton Oil / Q000009:adverse effects; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000009:adverse effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011425:Propionibacterium acnes / Q000187:drug effects*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029800:Vaccinium myrtillus / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D003436:Croton Oil; C073305:Vaccinium myrtillus extract; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase
keywords: Acute inflammation; anthocyanin; antioxidant; bilberry extract; liver dysfunction