title: Long noncoding RNAs in innate and adaptive immunity.
abstract: The differentiation and activation of both innate and adaptive immune cells is highly dependent on a coordinated set of transcriptional and post-transcriptional events. Chromatin-modifiers and transcription factors regulate the accessibility and transcription of immune genes, respectively. Immune cells also express miRNA and RNA-binding proteins that provide an additional layer of regulation at the mRNA level. However, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which have been primarily studied in the context of genomic imprinting, cancer, and cell differentiation, are now emerging as important regulators of immune cell differentiation and activation. In this review, we provide a brief overview of lncRNAs, their known functions in immunity, and discuss their potential to be more broadly involved in other aspects of the immune response.
authors.affiliation: Program in Innate Immunity, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Katherine A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
authors.affiliation: Program in Innate Immunity, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA. Electronic address: daniel.caffrey@umassmed.edu.
authors.forename: Daniel R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Caffrey
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D018392:Genomic Imprinting / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics*; D007438:Introns / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D012326:RNA Splicing / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding