title: Clinical practice guideline on diagnosis and treatment of hyponatraemia.
abstract: Hyponatraemia, defined as a serum sodium concentration <135 mmol/L, is the most common disorder of body fluid and electrolyte balance encountered in clinical practice. Hyponatraemia is present in 15-20% of emergency admissions to hospital and occurs in up to 20% of critically ill patients. Symptomatology may vary from subtle to severe or even life threatening. Despite this, the management of patients remains problematic. Against this background, the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, the European Society of Endocrinology and the European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association, represented by European Renal Best Practice have developed a Clinical Practice Guideline on the diagnostic approach and treatment of hyponatraemia as a joint venture of three societies representing specialists with a natural interest in hyponatraemia.
authors.affiliation: State University Hospital Skopje, Skopje, Macedonia.
authors.forename: Goce
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Spasovski
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vanholder
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Allolio
authors.forename: Djillali
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Annane
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ball
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bichet
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Decaux
authors.forename: Wiebke
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fenske
authors.forename: Ewout J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Hoorn
authors.forename: Ewout
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hoorn
authors.forename: Carole
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ichai
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Joannidis
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Soupart
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zietse
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haller
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: van der Veer
authors.forename: Wim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Van Biesen
authors.forename: Evi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nagler
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007010:Hyponatremia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy* / Q000652:urine; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D012965:Sodium Chloride; D012964:Sodium