title: Performance profile of a FDG-PET cancer screening program for detecting gastric cancer: results from a nationwide Japanese survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It has been reported that gastric cancer is the sixth most common cancer found during the (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) cancer screening program, which is defined as cancer screening of asymptomatic subjects using FDG-PET(/CT) (in combination with other screening tests or not). The aim of this study was to analyze the detection rate and the effectiveness of the FDG-PET cancer screening program at detecting gastric cancer between 2006 and 2009 in Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 153,775 asymptomatic subjects (92,255 men, 61,520 women) between 30 and 80 years old underwent the FDG-PET cancer screening program. Of these, we analyzed 790 cases with findings of possible gastric cancer in any screening test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of cases who were verified to have gastric cancer was 124. Among these, only 47 cases were detected by FDG-PET, which resulted in a relative sensitivity of 37.9% and a positive predictive value of 33.6%. The relative sensitivity of FDG-PET was much lower than those of gastric endoscopy and the serum pepsinogen test.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The FDG-PET screening program in Japan detected some cases of early-stage gastric cancer, but this was not achieved using FDG-PET alone but in combination with gastric endoscopy. Gastric endoscopy should be included in FDG-PET cancer screening programs to screen for gastric cancer.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan, ryogominamimoto@yahoo.co.jp.
authors.forename: Ryogo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Minamimoto
authors.forename: Michio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Senda
authors.forename: Seishi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jinnouchi
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Terauchi
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Tomio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inoue
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005773:Gastroscopy; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D020116:Pepsinogen A / Q000097:blood; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D020116:Pepsinogen A