title: Overexpression of rice OsREX1-S, encoding a putative component of the core general transcription and DNA repair factor IIH, renders plant cells tolerant to cadmium- and UV-induced damage by enhancing DNA excision repair.
abstract: Screening of 40,000 Arabidopsis FOX (Full-length cDNA Over-eXpressor gene hunting system) lines expressing rice full-length cDNAs brings us to identify four cadmium (Cd)-tolerant lines, one of which carried OsREX1-S as a transgene. OsREX1-S shows the highest levels of identity to Chlamydomonas reinhardtii REX1-S (referred to as CrREX1-S, in which REX denotes Required for Excision) and to yeast and human TFB5s (RNA polymerase II transcription factor B5), both of which are components of the general transcription and DNA repair factor, TFIIH. Transient expression of OsREX1-S consistently localized the protein to the nucleus of onion cells. The newly generated transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing OsREX1-S reproducibly displayed enhanced Cd tolerance, confirming that the Cd-tolerance of the initial identified line was conferred solely by OsREX1-S expression. Furthermore, transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing OsREX1-S exhibited ultraviolet-B (UVB) tolerance by reducing the amounts of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers produced by UVB radiation. Moreover, those transgenic OsREX1-S Arabidopsis plants became resistant to bleomycin (an inducer of DNA strand break) and mitomycin C (DNA intercalating activity), compared to wild type. Our results indicate that OsREX1-S renders host plants tolerant to Cd, UVB radiation, bleomycin and mitomycin C through the enhanced DNA excision repair.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kunihiro
authors.forename: Hikaru
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kowata
authors.forename: Youichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kondou
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Minami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Berberich
authors.forename: Shohab
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Youssefian
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hidema
authors.forename: Tomonobu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kusano
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D001761:Bleomycin; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D004249:DNA Damage; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D016685:Mitomycin; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D019697:Onions / Q000166:cytology; D012275:Oryza / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D010641:Phenotype; D059828:Plant Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D011740:Pyrimidine Dimers / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000378:metabolism; D036226:Seedlings / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D051758:Transcription Factor TFIIH / Q000378:metabolism*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011740:Pyrimidine Dimers; D002104:Cadmium; D001761:Bleomycin; D051758:Transcription Factor TFIIH; D016685:Mitomycin