title: Crystallized and amorphous vortices in rotating atomic-molecular Bose-Einstein condensates.
abstract: Vortex is a topological defect with a quantized winding number of the phase in superfluids and superconductors. Here, we investigate the crystallized (triangular, square, honeycomb) and amorphous vortices in rotating atomic-molecular Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) by using the damped projected Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The amorphous vortices are the result of the considerable deviation induced by the interaction of atomic-molecular vortices. By changing the atom-molecule interaction from attractive to repulsive, the configuration of vortices can change from an overlapped atomic-molecular vortices to carbon-dioxide-type ones, then to atomic vortices with interstitial molecular vortices, and finally into independent separated ones. The Raman detuning can tune the ratio of the atomic vortex to the molecular vortex. We provide a phase diagram of vortices in rotating atomic-molecular BECs as a function of Raman detuning and the strength of atom-molecule interaction.
authors.affiliation: 1] Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China [2] School of Science, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China.
authors.forename: Chao-Fei
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Heng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 50058, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shih-Chuan
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Gou
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Wu-Ming
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Liu