title: Insight into buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) RIG1 and MDA5 receptors: a comparative study on dsRNA recognition and in-vitro antiviral response.
abstract: RIG1 and MDA5 have emerged as important intracellular innate pattern recognition receptors that recognize viral RNA and mediate cellular signals controlling Type I interferon (IFN-I) response. Buffalo RIG1 and MDA5 genes were investigated to understand the mechanism of receptor induced antiviral response. Sequence analysis revealed that RIG1 and MDA5 maintain a domain arrangement that is common in mammals. Critical binding site residues of the receptors are evolutionary conserved among mammals. Molecular dynamics simulations suggested that RIG1 and MDA5 follow a similar, if not identical, dsRNA binding pattern that has been previously reported in human. Moreover, binding free energy calculation revealed that MDA5 had a greater affinity towards dsRNA compared to RIG1. Constitutive expressions of RLR genes were ubiquitous in different tissues without being specific to immune organs. Poly I:C stimulation induced elevated expressions of IFN-β and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) through interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) mediated pathway in buffalo foetal fibroblast cells. The present study provides crucial insights into the structure and function of RIG1 and MDA5 receptors in buffalo.
authors.affiliation: Animal Genomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Center, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Manvender
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Animal Genomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Center, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Biswajit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brahma
authors.affiliation: Animal Genomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Center, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Jitendra
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Maharana
authors.affiliation: Animal Genomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Center, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Mahesh Chandra
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Patra
authors.affiliation: Animal Genomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Center, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Sushil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Animal Genomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Center, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Purusottam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.affiliation: Animal Genomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Center, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Megha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saini
authors.affiliation: Animal Genomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Center, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Bidhan Chandra
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: De
authors.affiliation: Animal Genomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Center, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Sourav
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mahanty
authors.affiliation: Animal Genomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Center, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Tirtha Kumar
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Datta
authors.affiliation: Animal Genomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Center, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Sachinandan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002020:Buffaloes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D056004:Molecular Dynamics Simulation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D011070:Poly I-C; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000378:metabolism*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition / Q000378:metabolism*; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D007370:Interferon Type I; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D012367:RNA, Viral; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases; D011070:Poly I-C