title: Association of P wave dispersion and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in non-dipper and dipper hypertensive patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between P wave dispersion and left ventricular diastolic function, which are associated with the increased cardiovascular events in patients with dipper and non-dipper hypertensive (HT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty sex and age matched patients with dipper and non-dipper HT, and 40 control subject were included in this observational cross-sectional study. P wave dispersion was measured through electrocardiography obtained during the admission. The left ventricular LV ejection fraction was measured using the modified Simpson's rule by echocardiography. In addition, diastolic parameters including E/A rate, deceleration time (DT) and isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT) were recorded. Independent samples Bonferroni, Scheffe and Tamhane tests and correlation test (Spearman and Pearson) were used for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  P wave dispersion was found to be significantly increased in the non-dipper than in the dipper group (56.0±5.6 vs. 49.1±5.3, p<0.001). Pmax duration was found significantly higher (115.1±5.6 vs. 111.1±5.8, p=0.003) and Pmin duration significantly lower (59.0±5.6 vs. 62.3±5.3, p=0.009) in the non-dippers. Correlation analysis demonstrated presence of moderate but significant correlation between P-wave dispersion and left ventricular mass index (r=0.412, p=0.011), IVRT (r=0.290 p=0.009), DT (r=0.210, p=0.052) and interventricular septum thickness (r=0.230 p=0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  P wave dispersion and P Max were found to be significantly increased and P min significantly decreased in the non-dipper HT patients compared to the dipper HT patients. P-wave dispersion is associated with left ventricular dysfunction in non-dipper and dipper HT.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Cardiology, Van Education and Research Hospital; Van-Turkey. demirkardiyoloji@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Aydın Rodi
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Tosu
authors.forename: Şerafettin
authors.initials: Ş
authors.lastname: Demir
authors.forename: Yüksel
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kaya
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Selçuk
authors.forename: Serkan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akdağ
authors.forename: Turgay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Işık
authors.forename: Can Baba
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Arın
authors.forename: Mahmut
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Özdemir
authors.forename: Oğuz
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Akkuş
mesh_terms: D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004452:Echocardiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*