title: Association between P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 and pathogenesis in acute coronary syndrome assessed by optical coherence tomography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although monocytes appear to be actively involved in the onset of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), they are heterogenous in human peripheral blood. How up-regulation of monocyte subsets leads to coronary plaque rupture followed by thrombus formation remains unclear. Recent studies have shown that P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) is involved in monocyte activation in patients with thrombus formation. We therefore investigated the relationship between the expression of PSGL-1 on monocyte subsets and thrombus formation using frequency-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) in patients with ACS.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled a total of 100 individuals in this study: patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI, n=25), unstable angina pectoris (UAP, n=20), or stable angina pectoris (n=35) who underwent coronary angiography, and control subjects (n=20). Three monocyte subsets (CD14++CD16-, CD14++CD16+, and CD14+CD16+) and the expression of PSGL-1 were measured by flow cytometry. In patients with AMI and UAP, FD-OCT was performed before percutaneous coronary intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Circulating peripheral CD14++CD16+ monocytes expressed PSGL-1 more frequently than CD14++CD16- and CD14+CD16+ monocytes in patients with ACS. The expression of PSGL-1 on circulating peripheral CD14++CD16+ monocytes was significantly elevated in patients with AMI compared with the other 3 groups. Moreover, the expression levels of PSGL-1 on CD14++CD16+ monocytes were significantly higher in patients with plaque rupture or intracoronary thrombus assessed by FD-OCT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Up-regulation of PSGL-1 on CD14++CD16+ monocytes may be a crucial role in plaque rupture and thrombus formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ozaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8510, Japan. Electronic address: t-imani@wakayama-med.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imanishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Ikuko
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Teraguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishiguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Orii
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasutsugu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shiono
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Kunihiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamano
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ino
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akasaka
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D000368:Aged; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003328:Coronary Thrombosis / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology; D015588:Observer Variation; D058226:Plaque, Atherosclerotic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000032:analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: C428200:FCGR3B protein, human; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; C084882:P-selectin ligand protein; D017452:Receptors, IgG
keywords: Acute coronary syndrome; Optical coherence tomography; PSGL-1; Thrombus