title: Endoscopic ultrasonography for staging of T1a and T1b esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the accuracy of Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in staging and sub-staging T1a and T1b esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis involving 72 patients with pathologically confirmed T1a or T1b ESCC, was undertaken between January 2005 and December 2011 in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center. The accuracy and efficiency of EUS for detecting stages T1a and T1b ESCC were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall accuracy of EUS for detecting stage T1a or T1b ESCC was 70.8% (51/72), and the sensitivity was 74.3%. 77.8% (7/9) of lesions originated in the upper thoracic region, 73.1% (38/52) in the mid-thoracic region and 72.7% (8/11) in the lower thoracic region. Multivariate analysis revealed that the diagnostic accuracy of EUS was closely related to lesion length (F = 4.984, P = 0.029).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EUS demonstrated median degree of accuracy for distinguishing between stages T1a and T1b ESCC. Therefore, it is necessary to improve EUS for staging early ESCC.
authors.affiliation: Long-Jun He, Hong-Bo Shan, Guang-Yu Luo, Yin Li, Rong Zhang, Xiao-Yan Gao, Guo-Bao Wang, Shi-Yong Lin, Guo-Liang Xu, Jian-Jun Li, Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Long-Jun
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Long-Jun He, Hong-Bo Shan, Guang-Yu Luo, Yin Li, Rong Zhang, Xiao-Yan Gao, Guo-Bao Wang, Shi-Yong Lin, Guo-Liang Xu, Jian-Jun Li, Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Bo
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.affiliation: Long-Jun He, Hong-Bo Shan, Guang-Yu Luo, Yin Li, Rong Zhang, Xiao-Yan Gao, Guo-Bao Wang, Shi-Yong Lin, Guo-Liang Xu, Jian-Jun Li, Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Guang-Yu
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Long-Jun He, Hong-Bo Shan, Guang-Yu Luo, Yin Li, Rong Zhang, Xiao-Yan Gao, Guo-Bao Wang, Shi-Yong Lin, Guo-Liang Xu, Jian-Jun Li, Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Yin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Long-Jun He, Hong-Bo Shan, Guang-Yu Luo, Yin Li, Rong Zhang, Xiao-Yan Gao, Guo-Bao Wang, Shi-Yong Lin, Guo-Liang Xu, Jian-Jun Li, Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Long-Jun He, Hong-Bo Shan, Guang-Yu Luo, Yin Li, Rong Zhang, Xiao-Yan Gao, Guo-Bao Wang, Shi-Yong Lin, Guo-Liang Xu, Jian-Jun Li, Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Long-Jun He, Hong-Bo Shan, Guang-Yu Luo, Yin Li, Rong Zhang, Xiao-Yan Gao, Guo-Bao Wang, Shi-Yong Lin, Guo-Liang Xu, Jian-Jun Li, Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Guo-Bao
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Long-Jun He, Hong-Bo Shan, Guang-Yu Luo, Yin Li, Rong Zhang, Xiao-Yan Gao, Guo-Bao Wang, Shi-Yong Lin, Guo-Liang Xu, Jian-Jun Li, Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Shi-Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Long-Jun He, Hong-Bo Shan, Guang-Yu Luo, Yin Li, Rong Zhang, Xiao-Yan Gao, Guo-Bao Wang, Shi-Yong Lin, Guo-Liang Xu, Jian-Jun Li, Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Guo-Liang
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Long-Jun He, Hong-Bo Shan, Guang-Yu Luo, Yin Li, Rong Zhang, Xiao-Yan Gao, Guo-Bao Wang, Shi-Yong Lin, Guo-Liang Xu, Jian-Jun Li, Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Jun
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002681:China; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D019160:Endosonography; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D000077277:Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: Early cancer; Endoscopic ultrasound; Esophageal cancer; Squamous carcinoma; Stage