title: Evaluation of specific fecal protein biochips for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop and initially test a potential fecal protein biochip for the screening of colorectal cancer (CRC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fecal protein from 20 colorectal cancer patients and 20 healthy controls were extracted from all of the fecal samples and screened for proteomic differences using a Biotin label-based protein array. Candidate proteins were then verified by ELISA. Finally, we will select out the significant protein and a seven-target multiplex fecal protein biochip was generated and tested for 20 fecal samples to determine the effectiveness of the biochip on identifying CRC. And the value of the protein biochip would be discussed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After tested by protein biochip of the fecal protein from 20 colorectal cancer patients and 20 healthy controls and levels of calprotectin, M2-pyruvatekinase, angiopoietin-2, fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23), proteins of the matrix metalloproteinase, thrombopoietin (TPO) and interleukin-13 (IL-13) were significantly different between CRC and healthy controls. The sensitivity of all the seven proteins combined was 0.7, specificity was 0.4, and area under the receiver operating characteristics was 0.729. The most promising combinations of test proteins were FGF-23, TPO, and IL-13, reaching a sensitivity of 0.7 and a specificity of 0.7. The combination of FGF-23 and TPO scored highest with sensitivity of 0.7 and specificity of 0.8. Its mean that the combination of FGF-23 and TPO has the highest value for the diagnosis of CRC in our study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A protein biochip composed of proteins found to be elevated in the feces of colorectal cancer patients has great potential as a noninvasive diagnostic for colorectal cancer. The addition of new protein biomarkers and technologies, as they are discovered, is an excellent avenue of future research.
authors.affiliation: Hui-Peng Wang, Yang-Yun Wang, Jie Pan, Yuan-Kun Cai, Department of General Surgery, The 5 People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Hui-Peng
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Hui-Peng Wang, Yang-Yun Wang, Jie Pan, Yuan-Kun Cai, Department of General Surgery, The 5 People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Yang-Yun
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Hui-Peng Wang, Yang-Yun Wang, Jie Pan, Yuan-Kun Cai, Department of General Surgery, The 5 People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Hui-Peng Wang, Yang-Yun Wang, Jie Pan, Yuan-Kun Cai, Department of General Surgery, The 5 People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cen
authors.affiliation: Hui-Peng Wang, Yang-Yun Wang, Jie Pan, Yuan-Kun Cai, Department of General Surgery, The 5 People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Yuan-Kun
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019540:Area Under Curve; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D000089703:Fibroblast Growth Factor-23; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D040081:Protein Array Analysis; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D012372:ROC Curve; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013926:Thrombopoietin / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C000717427:FGF23 protein, human; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D000089703:Fibroblast Growth Factor-23; D013926:Thrombopoietin
keywords: Colorectal cancer; Feces; Fibroblast growth factor-23; Protein biochip; Thrombopoietin