title: Effects of polymorphisms in interferon λ 3 (interleukin 28B) on sustained virologic response to therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis D virus infection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the association between interferon λ 3 (IFNL3) genotype (also known as interleukin 28B) and response to IFNα therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied IFNL3 genotypes of 32 patients (19 men; median age, 42.5 y) with chronic HDV infection. Nineteen patients (59%) were treated with pegylated IFNα and 13 patients (41%) were treated with standard IFNα, for at least 12 months. Levels of HDV RNA were measured before the initiation of treatment and every 6 months thereafter; patients were followed up for a median time of 16 months (range, 6-164 mo) after treatment ended. We used real-time polymerase chain reaction to classify the IFNL3 polymorphism rs12979860 as CC, CT, or TT, and rs8099917 as TT, GT, or GG. A virologic response was defined as undetectable HDV RNA in serum, and a sustained virologic response (SVR) was defined as undetectable HDV RNA after cessation of treatment until the end of the follow-up period. We evaluated the association between IFNL3 polymorphism and treatment response using univariate and multivariate analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After treatment, a response was achieved in 16 patients (50%) and an SVR was achieved in 9 (28%). The percentages of patients with CC, CT, and TT at rs12979860 were 47%, 47%, and 6%, respectively; the percentages of patients with TT, GT, and GG at rs8099917 were 69%, 28%, and 3%, respectively. Rates of SVR were 27%, 27%, and 50% in patients with CC, CT, TT at rs12979860 (P = .78 for CC vs CT vs TT) and 36%, 11%, and 0% in patients with TT, GT, and GG at rs8099917 (P = .30 for TT vs GT vs GG).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The IFNL3 polymorphisms rs12979860 and rs8099917 do not significantly affect responses of patients with chronic HDV infection to treatment with IFNα.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterohepatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emre
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterohepatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Bulent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Baran
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterohepatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ozlem Mutluay
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Soyer
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Onel
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Derya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Onel
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterohepatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Asli Cifcibasi
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Ormeci
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterohepatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Suut
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gokturk
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterohepatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sami
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Evirgen
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterohepatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Filiz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Akyuz
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterohepatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Kadir
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Demir
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterohepatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Besisik
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterohepatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sabahattin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaymakoglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterohepatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: cetinkaraca@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Cetin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Karaca
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D005838:Genotype; D019701:Hepatitis D, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003698:Hepatitis Delta Virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007372:Interferons; D007378:Interleukins / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019562:Viral Load; D055815:Young Adult; D000095022:Interferon Lambda
chemical_list: D016898:Interferon-alpha; D007372:Interferons; D007378:Interleukins; D012367:RNA, Viral; C000624353:interferon-lambda, human; D000095022:Interferon Lambda
keywords: Chronic Delta Hepatitis; Immune Regulation; Interferon Lambda 3; SNP