title: Production of inflammatory cytokines in response to diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus (DPT), haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), and 7-valent pneumococcal (PCV7) vaccines.
abstract: Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and 7-valent pneumococcal (PCV7) vaccines both became recommended in Japan in 2010. In this study, cytokine production was investigated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) cultures stimulated with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids combined with acellular pertussis vaccine (DPT), Hib, and PCV7 separately or concurrent different combinations, all as final off-the-shelf vaccines without the individual vaccine components as controls. Higher IL-1β levels were produced when cultures were stimulated with PCV than with DPT or Hib, and the concurrent stimulation including PCV7 enhanced the production of IL-1β. Although Hib induced higher levels of IL-6, no significant difference was observed in IL-6 production with the concurrent stimulation. The concurrent stimulation with Hib/PCV7 and DPT/Hib/PCV7 produced higher levels of TNF-α and human G-CSF. Cytokine profiles were examined in serum samples obtained from 61 vaccine recipients with febrile reactions and 18 recipients without febrile illness within 24 h of vaccination. No significant difference was observed in cytokine levels of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IFN-γ, MIP-1, TNF-α, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in sera between the two groups. However, significantly higher levels of human G-CSF were observed in recipients with febrile illness than in those without febrile reactions. Further investigations of the significance of elevated serum G-CSF levels are required in vaccine recipients with febrile illness.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Viral Infection I; Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences; Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pediatrics; Tokyo Medical University; Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuyo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kashiwagi
authors.affiliation: Miyata Pediatric Clinic; Tachikawa; Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miyata
authors.affiliation: Kumagai Pediatric Clinic; Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kumagai
authors.affiliation: Maehara Pediatric Clinic; Tama, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kouji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maehara
authors.affiliation: Suzuki Pediatric Clinic; Ube, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan.
authors.forename: Eitarou
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Nagai Pediatric Clinic; Takamatsu, Kagawa Prefecture, Japan.
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics; Konan Kosei Hospital; Konan; Aichi Prefecture, Japan.
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ozaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics; Konan Kosei Hospital; Konan; Aichi Prefecture, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics; National Fukuoka Hospital; Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics; Tokyo Medical University; Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawashima
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Viral Infection I; Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences; Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakayama
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D015721:Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D000069443:Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007564:Japan; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D015721:Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine; D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines; D000069443:Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines; C080881:diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis-haemophilus b conjugate vaccine
keywords: 7-valent pneumococcal conjugated vaccine; DPT; Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids combined with acellular pertussis vaccine; Haemophilus influenzaetype b T-conjugated vaccine; Hib; PBMCs; PCV7; cytokine; innate immunity; peripheral blood mononuclear cells