title: Gene tree correction guided by orthology.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Reconciled gene trees yield orthology and paralogy relationships between genes. This information may however contradict other information on orthology and paralogy provided by other footprints of evolution, such as conserved synteny.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We explore a way to include external information on orthology in the process of gene tree construction. Given an initial gene tree and a set of orthology constraints on pairs of genes or on clades, we give polynomial-time algorithms for producing a modified gene tree satisfying the set of constraints, that is as close as possible to the original one according to the Robinson-Foulds distance. We assess the validity of the modifications we propose by computing the likelihood ratio between initial and modified trees according to sequence alignments on Ensembl trees, showing that often the two trees are statistically equivalent.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Software and data available upon request to the corresponding author.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lafond
authors.forename: Magali
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Semeria
authors.forename: Krister M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Swenson
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tannier
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: El-Mabrouk
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D006801:Humans; D010802:Phylogeny; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D012984:Software; D026801:Synteny