title: Molecular cloning and expression analysis of mulberry MAPK gene family.
abstract: Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades play an important role in regulating various biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. Although MAPKs have been identified and characterized in a few model plants, there is little information available for mulberry Morus sp. L., one of the most ecologically and economically important perennial trees. This study identified 47 mulberry Morus notabilis MAPK (MnMAPK) family genes: 32 MnMAPKKK, five MnMAPKK and ten MnMAPK genes, and cloned ten MnMAPK cDNA genes based on a genome-wide analysis of the morus genome database. Comparative analysis with MAPK gene families from other plants suggested that MnMAPKs could be divided into five subfamilies (groups A, B, C, D and E) and they could have similar functions in response to abiotic and biotic stresses. MnMAPK gene expression analysis of different stresses (high/low temperature, salt and drought) and signal molecules (ABA, SA, H2O2 and methyl jasmonate (MeJA)) revealed that all ten MnMAPK genes responded to high/low temperature, salt and drought stresses, and that nine of the ten MnMAPKs (MnMAPK7 excepted) could be induced by ABA, SA, H2O2 and MeJA, which suggested that MnMAPKs may play pivotal roles in signal transduction pathways. Our results indicated that almost all of the MnMAPKs may be involved in environmental stress and defense responses, which provides the basis for further characterization of the physiological functions of MnMAPKs.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
authors.forename: Congjin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
authors.forename: Xueqin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
authors.forename: Dingpei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
authors.forename: Chenkai
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bian
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
authors.forename: Dayan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
authors.forename: Qiwei
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
authors.forename: Zhonghuai
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China. Electronic address: zhaoaichun@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Aichun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D055864:Droughts; D004777:Environment; D015870:Gene Expression; D017343:Genes, Plant; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D031625:Morus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005810:Multigene Family; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000235:genetics*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
keywords: Abiotic stresses; Biotic stresses; Expression profile; Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK); Morus notabilis