title: Influence of defatted soy flour addition on the quality and stability of pretzel type product.
abstract: Effect of soya flour addition to 70% extraction bread wheat flour (PBW-343) at (0, 5, 10, 20 & 30%) was investigated for physico-chemical, dough handling and pretzel making properties. Results revealed that with increasing DSF addition, farinogram characteristics; water absorption, arrival time, dough development time and dough stability increased while mixing tolerance index and degree of softening decreased. Amylogram characteristics gelatinization temperature, peak viscosity, peak temperature and viscosity at 95 °C decreased with extended rate of DSF addition. Pretzels developed with different levels of DSF addition observed decrease in moisture, fat, non reducing sugars and starch where as ash, protein, reducing and total sugars increased compared to control. Calories calculated from proximate composition showed lower values than control due to high protein and low fat soy flour addition. Minerals increased significantly with increased levels of defatted soy flour addition. Organoleptic evaluation revealed that 5% level of soy flour blended pretzels were found best with respect to texture, colour and flavor on the basis of mean acceptability scores. Pretzels recorded shelf life of 90 days in laminated pouches irrespective of the level of DSF addition.
authors.affiliation: Division of Post Harvest Technology, Sher-e-Kashmir university of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar Campus, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir 191121 India.
authors.forename: Haroon Rashid
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Naik
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004 India.
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Sekhon
keywords: Defatted soy flour (DSF); Minerals and acceptability; Pretzels; Rheological properties; Wheat flour