title: Auditory hallucinations as ictal phenomena in a patient with voltage-gated potassium channel antibody-associated limbic encephalitis.
abstract: Limbic encephalitis involving anti-voltage-gated potassium channel antibodies (VGKC-LE) has become increasingly recognised, with seizures and psychotic features, such as hallucinations being typical clinical manifestations. Though the literature supports auditory hallucinations as ictal phenomena, there are no reported cases of these hallucinations correlating with electrographic seizure for this disease entity. Early recognition of auditory hallucinations as seizures could alter treatment and subsequently affect short-term outcomes in these patients. We report the case of a patient with auditory hallucinations and progressive cognitive decline, as well as serological evidence of VGKC antibodies, in whom ictal hallucinations were identified by continuous video-EEG monitoring. This case highlights the subtlety of this entity, in both clinical and electrographic detection. [Published with video sequences].
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boyd
authors.forename: Hrayr
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Attarian
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Raizer
authors.forename: Priya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kumthekar
authors.forename: Micheal P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Macken
authors.forename: Stephan U
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Schuele
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gerard
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006212:Hallucinations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D020363:Limbic Encephalitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D024642:Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated / Q000276:immunology*; D012640:Seizures / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D024642:Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated