title: Association between serum uric acid levels and cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A link between uric acid (UA) levels and cardiovascular diseases has been previously reported. However, its importance as a risk factor is still controversial. This study sought to determine whether elevated serum uric acid levels are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study in Shanghai, with a total of 8510 participants aged ≥40 years. The CVD included diagnosed coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke. MetS was defined according to the updated National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria for Asian Americans.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Uric acid levels were positively associated with BMI, waist circumference, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, glycohemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose, postprandial 2-hour plasma glucose (all P < 0.05), and negatively associated with HDL-cholesterol (P < 0.001). The prevalence of CVD significantly increased with increasing quartiles of UA in those without MetS group (p trend < 0.001), but not necessarily increased in those with MetS. After adjustment for metabolic syndrome and other cardiovascular risk factors, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that odds ratios (OR) for CHD, stroke, and CVD in those in the fourth quartiles were 2.34 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.73 to 3.45), 2.18 (95% CI 1.86 to 3.28), and 2.16 (95% CI 1.80 to 3.29), respectively, compared with those in the first quartile of UA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevated serum uric acid level was associated with CVD, independent of conventional cardiovascular disease risk factors and metabolic syndrome.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Hongxia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Shuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Qun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Yin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.forename: Xiaoyong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Guang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua hospital, School of medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 1665, China. suqingxinhua@163.com.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Su
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology*; D016014:Linear Models; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000208:ethnology; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014527:Uric Acid