title: Samuel Goldflam (1852-1932) - promoter of modern neurology and his contribution to urology.
abstract: The work of Samuel Goldflam is well known among urologists and nephrologists but his name also holds a special significance to the development of several specialist disciplines of modern medicine. A shaking symptom of the lumbar region (Goldflam's sign) described in 1900 is relevant to both urologic and internal medicines. The key importance of Goldflam's sign in the diagnosis of renal and urinary tract diseases emphasizes the outstanding contribution of this Polish researcher to the development of medicine. The aim of this study is to briefly present the rich curriculum vitae and achievements of Samuel Goldflam, the Polish neurologist who changed urology and internal medicine on a worldwide scale. "Our endeavor is to obtain as many grounds as possible on which to facilitate the recognition of early periods of a disease. This is of great therapeutic importance". (Samuel Goldflam).
authors.affiliation: Department of General, Oncologic, and Functional Urology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Sławomir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Poletajew
keywords: history of medicine; kidney diseases; myasthenia gravis; pyelonephritis; renal colic