title: Phosphate homeostasis and disorders.
abstract: Recent studies of inherited disorders of phosphate metabolism have shed new light on the understanding of phosphate metabolism. Phosphate has important functions in the body and several mechanisms have evolved to regulate phosphate balance including vitamin D, parathyroid hormone and phosphatonins such as fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23). Disorders of phosphate homeostasis leading to hypo- and hyperphosphataemia are common and have clinical and biochemical consequences. Notably, recent studies have linked hyperphosphataemia with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. This review outlines the recent advances in the understanding of phosphate homeostasis and describes the causes, investigation and management of hypo- and hyperphosphataemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Pathology, Darent Valley Hospital, Dartford, UK.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Manghat
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, NHS Lanarkshire, East Kilbride, UK.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sodi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Pathology, St. Thomas Hospital, London, UK r.swaminathan@kcl.ac.uk.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Swaminathan
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D000089703:Fibroblast Growth Factor-23; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D054559:Hyperphosphatemia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D007014:Hypophosphatasia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D010710:Phosphates / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: C000717427:FGF23 protein, human; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D010710:Phosphates; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D000089703:Fibroblast Growth Factor-23
keywords: Electrolytes; FGF23; analytes; phosphate