title: Univariate and multivariate analyses for postoperative bleeding after nasal endoscopic surgery.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  Our study suggested that the major risk factors for postoperative bleeding after nasal endoscopic surgery (NES) included hypertension, long-term non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and previous nasal surgery. The use of preoperative corticosteroids is a valuable measure for reducing postoperative bleeding after NES.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To explore risk factors for postoperative bleeding after NES and find effective measures to reduce or prevent the condition.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 641 patients who underwent NES were analyzed retrospectively. Univariate analysis and logistic regression were performed to find potential risk factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of postoperative bleeding after NES was 8.4%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the occurrence of postoperative bleeding after NES was positively associated with hypertension, long-term NSAIDs, previous NES, and modified submucosal septoplasty, but negatively associated with the use of preoperative corticosteroids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head Neck Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha, Hunan , China.
authors.forename: Ruifang
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yanhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Zi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jingang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ai
authors.forename: Guolin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D059747:Nasal Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D057605:Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019106:Postoperative Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult