title: Immediately loaded mini dental implants as overdenture retainers: 1-Year cohort study of implant stability and peri-implant marginal bone level.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This 1-year cohort study investigated stability and peri-implant marginal bone level of immediately loaded mini dental implants used to retain overdentures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Each of 30 edentulous patients received 4 mini dental implants (1.8 mm × 13 mm) in the interforaminal mandibular region. The implants were immediately loaded with pre-made overdentures. Outcome measures included implant stability and bone resorption. Implant stability was measured using the Periotest Classic(®) device immediately after placement and on the 3rd and 6th weeks and the 4th, 6th and 12th months postoperatively. The peri-implant marginal bone level (PIBL) was evaluated at the implant's mesial and distal sides from the polished platform to the marginal crest. Radiographs were taken using a tailored film holder to reproducibly position the X-ray tube at the 6th week, 4th and 12th months postoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The primary stability (Periotest value, PTV) measured -0.27 ± 3.41 on a scale of -8 to + 50 (lower PTV reflects higher stability). The secondary stability decreased significantly until week 6 (mean PTV = 7.61 ± 7.05) then increased significantly reaching (PTV = 6.17 ± 6.15) at 12 months. The mean PIBL measured -0.40 mm after 1 year of functional loading, with no statistically significant differences at the various follow-ups (p = 0.218).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mini dental implants placed into the interforaminal region could achieve a favorable primary stability for immediate loading. The follow-up Periotest values fluctuated, apparently reflecting the dynamics of bone remodeling, with the implants remaining clinically stable (98.3%) after 1 year of function. The 1-year bone resorption around immediately loaded MDIs is within the clinically acceptable range for standard implants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Rankeova 4, Belgrade 11000, Serbia. Electronic address: midents@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Miodrag
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Šćepanović
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Rankeova 4, Belgrade 11000, Serbia.
authors.forename: Aleksandar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Todorović
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 4, Belgrade 11000, Serbia. Electronic address: maleksa64@mail.com.
authors.forename: Aleksa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marković
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Rankeova 4, Belgrade 11000, Serbia.
authors.forename: Vesna
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Patrnogić
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Statistics and Informatics, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 1, Belgrade 11000, Serbia. Electronic address: biljana.milicic@stomf.bg.ac.rs.
authors.forename: Biljana
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Miličić
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Manchester, Higher Cambridge Street, Manchester M156FH, United Kingdom. Electronic address: adelmoufti@yahoo.co.uk.
authors.forename: Adel M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Moufti
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 4, Belgrade 11000, Serbia. Electronic address: tijana.misic@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Tijana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mišić
mesh_terms: D001846:Bone Development; D016723:Bone Remodeling; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015921:Dental Implants; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D003828:Denture, Overlay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D057893:Immediate Dental Implant Loading / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D018704:Orthodontic Retainers; D016348:Osseointegration; D011859:Radiography; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants
keywords: Immediate loading; Implant stability; Mini dental implants; Peri-implant marginal bone level; Periotest(®)