title: Characterization of oilseed lipids from "DHA-producing Camelina sativa": a new transformed land plant containing long-chain omega-3 oils.
abstract: New and sustainable sources of long-chain (LC, ≥C₂₀) omega-3 oils containing DHA (docosahexaenoic acid, 22:6ω3) are required to meet increasing demands. The lipid content of the oilseed of a novel transgenic, DHA-producing land plant, Camelina sativa, containing microalgal genes able to produce LC omega-3 oils, contained 36% lipid by weight with triacylglycerols (TAG) as the major lipid class in hexane extracts (96% of total lipid). Subsequent chloroform-methanol (CM) extraction recovered further lipid (~50% polar lipid, comprising glycolipids and phospholipids) and residual TAG. The main phospholipid species were phosphatidyl choline and phosphatidyl ethanolamine. The % DHA was: 6.8% (of total fatty acids) in the TAG-rich hexane extract and 4.2% in the polar lipid-rich CM extract. The relative level of ALA (α-linolenic acid, 18:3ω3) in DHA-camelina seed was higher than the control. Major sterols in both DHA- and control camelina seeds were: sitosterol, campesterol, cholesterol, brassicasterol and isofucosterol. C₁₆-C₂₂ fatty alcohols, including iso-branched and odd-chain alcohols were present, including high levels of iso-17:0, 17:0 and 19:0. Other alcohols present were: 16:0, iso-18:0, 18:0 and 18:1 and the proportions varied between the hexane and CM extracts. These iso-branched odd-chain fatty alcohols, to our knowledge, have not been previously reported. These components may be derived from wax esters, or free fatty alcohols.
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Food Futures Flagship, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Castray Esplanade Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia. Peter.Mansour@csiro.au.
authors.forename: Maged P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Mansour
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Food Futures Flagship, Plant Industry, P.O. Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia. Pushkar.Shrestha@csiro.au.
authors.forename: Pushkar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shrestha
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Food Futures Flagship, Plant Industry, P.O. Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia. Srinivas.Belide@csiro.au.
authors.forename: Srinivas
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Belide
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Food Futures Flagship, Plant Industry, P.O. Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia. James.Petrie@csiro.au.
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Petrie
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Food Futures Flagship, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Castray Esplanade Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia. Peter.Nichols@csiro.au.
authors.forename: Peter D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Nichols
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Food Futures Flagship, Plant Industry, P.O. Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia. Surinder.Singh@csiro.au.
authors.forename: Surinder P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D019607:Brassicaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D002775:Cholestadienols / Q000032:analysis; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000032:analysis*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000032:analysis; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000032:analysis; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000737:chemistry; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D012855:Sitosterols / Q000032:analysis; D013265:Stigmasterol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D002775:Cholestadienols; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D010743:Phospholipids; D010840:Phytosterols; D010938:Plant Oils; D012855:Sitosterols; D014280:Triglycerides; C003532:brassicasterol; C015896:fucosterol; C021273:campesterol; C025473:gamma-sitosterol; D002784:Cholesterol; D013265:Stigmasterol