title: MITOCHONDRIA: investigation of in vivo muscle mitochondrial function by 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
abstract: The most important function of mitochondria is the production of energy in the form of ATP. The socio-economic impact of human diseases that affect skeletal muscle mitochondrial function is growing, and improving their clinical management critically depends on the development of non-invasive assays to assess mitochondrial function and monitor the effects of interventions. 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy provides two approaches that have been used to assess in vivo ATP synthesis in skeletal muscle: measuring Pi→ATP exchange flux using saturation transfer in resting muscle, and measuring phosphocreatine recovery kinetics after exercise. However, Pi→ATP exchange does not represent net mitochondrial ATP synthesis flux and has no simple relationship with mitochondrial function. Post-exercise phosphocreatine recovery kinetics, on the other hand, yield reliable measures of muscle mitochondrial capacity in vivo, whose ability to define the site of functional defects is enhanced by combination with other non-invasive techniques.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands. Electronic address: j.j.prompers@tue.nl.
authors.forename: Jeanine J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Prompers
authors.affiliation: Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Bart
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wessels
authors.affiliation: Department of Musculoskeletal Biology and Magnetic Resonance & Image Analysis Research Centre, University of Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: Graham J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Kemp
authors.affiliation: Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Klaas
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nicolay
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D008931:Mitochondria, Muscle / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular / Q000379:methods; D010725:Phosphocreatine / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010725:Phosphocreatine; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate
keywords: (31)P magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Mitochondrial function; Phosphocreatine recovery; Saturation transfer; Skeletal muscle