title: Visceral/epicardial adiposity in nonobese and apparently healthy young adults: association with the cardiometabolic profile.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigate associations of regional adipose tissues with cardiometabolic profile of nonobese and apparently healthy young adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four hundred twenty-five nonobese and apparently healthy individuals were assessed for blood pressure and fasting lipid profile, blood glucose and adiponectin. Subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SAT) and ectopic fat depots (visceral abdominal adipose tissue [VAT], epicardial adipose tissue [EAT] and hepatic fat fraction [HFF]) were quantified by magnetic resonance imaging.
  
  
  RESULTS
  According to anthropometric measurements, blood pressure and blood markers, the population (18-35 years, 54% women) had a low cardiometabolic risk. Compared to women, men had more VAT, EAT and HFF, but less SAT. Regional adipose tissues were positively correlated with each other. VAT and EAT carried significant correlations with all markers of cardiometabolic risk, while SAT and HFF correlated variably with these markers. While taking into account age and gender, SAT, VAT and EAT were associated with most cardiometabolic markers, while HFF was only associated with total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein ratio (TC/HDL-C) and triglycerides (TG). When comparing SAT, VAT and EAT head-to-head, VAT was the only adipose tissue location maintaining significant association with most markers of cardiometabolic risk. Greater VAT (≥50th percentile) was associated with a worse cardiometabolic profile, whether individuals were overweight or normal weight.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Even in nonobese and apparently healthy young women and men, accumulation of ectopic visceral adiposity in general, and of VAT in particular, is associated with a worse cardiometabolic profile whether individuals were overweight or normal weight.
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, 2725 chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, 1050, ave de la Médecine, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
authors.forename: Elianne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: De Larochellière
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, 2725 chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, 1050, ave de la Médecine, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Côté
authors.affiliation: MR Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare Canada, 281, Hillmount Road, Markham, ON L6C 2S3, Canada.
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, 2725 chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada.
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bibeau
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, 2725 chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, 1050, ave de la Médecine, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
authors.forename: Marie-Kristelle
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, 2725 chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, 1050, ave de la Médecine, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dion-Roy
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, 2725 chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, 1050, ave de la Médecine, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pibarot
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, 2725 chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, 1050, ave de la Médecine, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Després
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, 2725 chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, 1050, ave de la Médecine, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada. Electronic address: eric.larose@criucpq.ulaval.ca.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Larose
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000328:Adult; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000378:metabolism*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat; D008297:Male; D055442:Metabolome; D010496:Pericardium / Q000033:anatomy & histology*
keywords: Cardiometabolic risk; Epicardial adipose tissue; Nonobese; Subcutaneous adipose tissue; Visceral adipose tissue; Young adults