title: Cheddar cheese ripening and flavor characterization: a review.
abstract: Cheddar cheese is a biochemically dynamic product that undergoes significant changes during ripening. Freshly made curds of various cheese varieties have bland and largely similar flavors and aroma and, during ripening, flavoring compounds are produced that are characteristic of each variety. The biochemical changes occurring during ripening are grouped into primary events including glycolysis, lipolysis, and proteolysis followed by secondary biochemical changes such as metabolism of fatty acids and amino acids which are important for the production of secondary metabolites, including a number of compounds necessary for flavor development. A key feature of cheese manufacture is the metabolism of lactose to lactate by selected cultures of lactic acid bacteria. The rate and extent of acidification influence the initial texture of the curd by controlling the rate of demineralization. The degree of lipolysis in cheese depends on the variety of cheese and may vary from slight to extensive; however, proteolysis is the most complex of the primary events during cheese ripening, especially in Cheddar-type cheese.
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Food Science and Nutrition , University of Sargodha , Sargodha , 40100 , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Mian Anjum
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Murtaza
authors.forename: Salim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ur-Rehman
authors.forename: Faqir Muhammad
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Anjum
authors.forename: Nuzhat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Huma
authors.forename: Iram
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hafiz
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D002611:Cheese / Q000032:analysis*; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D006019:Glycolysis; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D008066:Lipolysis; D013649:Taste
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D005227:Fatty Acids; D019343:Citric Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid