title: Liver fibrosis and repair: immune regulation of wound healing in a solid organ.
abstract: Fibrosis is a highly conserved and co-ordinated protective response to tissue injury. The interaction of multiple pathways, molecules and systems determines whether fibrosis is self-limiting and homeostatic, or whether it is uncontrolled and excessive. Immune cells have been identified as key players in this fibrotic cascade, with the capacity to exert either injury-inducing or repair-promoting effects. A multi-organ approach was recently suggested to identify the core and regulatory pathways in fibrosis, with the aim of integrating the wealth of information emerging from basic fibrosis research. In this Review, we focus on recent advances in liver fibrosis research as a paradigm for wound healing in solid organs and the role of the immune system in regulating and balancing this response.
authors.affiliation: The University of Edinburgh/Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pellicoro
authors.affiliation: The University of Edinburgh/Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
authors.forename: Prakash
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ramachandran
authors.affiliation: The University of Edinburgh/Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Iredale
authors.affiliation: The University of Edinburgh/Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
authors.forename: Jonathan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Fallowfield
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000276:immunology; D055166:Hepatic Stellate Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D008099:Liver / Q000276:immunology* / Q000293:injuries / Q000378:metabolism*; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000276:immunology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D058628:Myofibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D055611:Natural Killer T-Cells / Q000276:immunology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000276:immunology*