title: [Female conduct disorders].
abstract: The last few years have seen much research on girls with conduct disorder (CD). This article summarizes the gender-specific data regarding prevalence, differences with respect to symptomatology (e.g., subtypes of aggression, callous-unemotional (cu)-traits), and it presents data on the autonomic and neuroendocrine stress system as well as genetic, neurocognitive, and neuroimaging data. Differences in the impact of environmental factors on boys and girls for the development of CD are discussed. Taken together, the data indicate that there is great overlap in symptomatology, personality traits, and neurobiological aberrations in girls and boys with CD. Since fewer girls than boys exhibit CD symptomatology, further investigations on CD in girls might help to identify resilience factors that could improve future therapeutic interventions.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, RWTH Aachen.
authors.forename: Timo D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Vloet
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, RWTH Aachen.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Großheinrich
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, RWTH Aachen.
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Konrad
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, RWTH Aachen.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Freitag
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, RWTH Aachen.
authors.forename: Beate
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Herpertz-Dahlmann
mesh_terms: D000374:Aggression / Q000502:physiology; D000987:Antisocial Personality Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology; D015897:Comorbidity; D019955:Conduct Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D006801:Humans; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000503:physiopathology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D055500:Resilience, Psychological; D012307:Risk Factors; D012931:Social Environment
keywords: Aggression; Conduct disorder; Mädchen; Neurobiologie; aggression; conduct disorder; cu-traits; girls; neurobiology