title: Renal cell carcinoma in Ibadan: a 5-year clinicopathologic review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To review all the cases of the patients with renal cell carcinoma seen during the study period and to determine the pattern of presentation, number of operable cases, histological types and outcome of treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  The data of the patients with renal cell carcinoma was retrieved from the Urology division audit book, theatre record books and case files from the health records department and pathology register in the department of pathology. The parameters studied were age, gender, pattern of presentation, number of patients who had surgery, histology types and the outcome of treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, there were 69 patients with renal cell carcinoma that accounted for 59.5% of all renal masses seen. The male to female ratio was 1:1. Their age ranged from 16 to 88 with a mean of 48 years and median of 50 years. The main clinical feature was loin swelling (100%) and others were loin pain (29%), hematuria (18.8%), weight loss (4%) and paraneoplastic syndrome (anaemia without haematuria) was seen in 2.9%. Ten percent of the cases had the classical triad of hematuria, loin pain and loin swelling. All cases were unilateral disease and 15 (21.7%) had metastasis at presentation. The pre-operative tests were abdominal ultrasound (94%), intravenous urography (45%) and CT-Scan (11.6%). Twenty eight patients (40.6%) had surgery of which 5 were unresectable. 37 of the patients (53.6%) were subsequently lost to follow-up. The 28 operative specimens were histologically confirmed and 85.7% were clear cell carcinoma. The 23 patients whose tumours were resected have remained symptom free, some up to 5 years. However the five patients with unresectable tumours died between 3 to 6 months of exploratory surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The patients with resectable tumour could remain disease free for a significant period afterwards despite late presentation. However, there is a high loss to follow-up rate.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. aotakure@yahoo.com
authors.forename: A O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Takure
authors.affiliation: Departments of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
authors.forename: O B
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Shittu
authors.affiliation: Departments of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Adebayo
authors.affiliation: Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Okolo
authors.affiliation: Anaesthesia, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
authors.forename: P T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Sotunmbi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009017:Morbidity / Q000639:trends; D009392:Nephrectomy; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017678:Sex Distribution; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult