title: Anti-tuberculosis treatment enhances the production of IL-22 through reducing the frequencies of regulatory B cell.
abstract: IL-22 has been suggested to play an important role in immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. However, the exact role of IL-22 in human tuberculosis (TB) infection remains unclear and the regulatory mechanism of IL-22 response in human TB is unknown. In this study, we observed that successful anti-tuberculosis treatment induced an enhanced and sustained M. tuberculosis antigen-specific IL-22 response, correlated with the decrease of the frequencies of CD19(+)CD5(+)CD1d(+) regulatory B cells. We also found that depletion of CD19(+) B cells significantly enhanced M. tuberculosis antigen-specific IL-22 production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells. More importantly, we observed that purified CD19(+) B cells, and more efficiently, CD19(+)CD5(+)CD1d(+) regulatory B cells, suppressed IL-22 production. In summary, we showed here for the first time that effective anti-tuberculosis treatment restores M. tuberculosis antigen-specific IL-22 response through a novel mechanism by reducing the frequencies of CD19(+)CD5(+)CD1d(+) regulatory B cells in human TB.
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen 518020, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen 518020, China.
authors.forename: Mingxia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors.forename: Gucheng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen 518020, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen 518020, China.
authors.forename: Qianting
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen 518020, China.
authors.forename: Jieyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen 518020, China.
authors.forename: Xiuyun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen 518020, China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen 518020, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen 518020, China.
authors.forename: Pichaimuthu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Suthakaran
authors.affiliation: Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen 518020, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen 518020, China.
authors.forename: Qunyi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: Haiying
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen 518020, China.
authors.forename: Boping
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen 518020, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen 518020, China. Electronic address: chenxinchun@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Xinchun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D060151:B-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007378:Interleukins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008297:Male; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology; D013183:Sputum / Q000382:microbiology; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D000097043:Interleukin-22
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D020381:Interleukin-17; D007378:Interleukins; D000097043:Interleukin-22
keywords: Anti-tuberculosis treatment; IL-22; Regulatory B cells