title: Ultrasonic extraction of steroidal alkaloids from potato peel waste.
abstract: Potato processors produce large volumes of waste in the form of potato peel which is either discarded or sold at a low price. Potato peel waste is a potential source of steroidal alkaloids which are biologically active secondary metabolites which could serve as precursors to agents with apoptotic, chemopreventive and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study investigated the relative efficacy of ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) and solid liquid extraction (SLE) both using methanol, to extract steroidal alkaloids from potato peel waste and identified optimal conditions for UAE of α-solanine, α-chaconine, solanidine and demissidine. Using response surface methodology optimal UAE conditions were identified as an amplitude of 61 μm and an extraction time of 17 min which resulted the recovery of 1102 μg steroidal alkaloids/g dried potato peel (DPP). In contrast, SLE yielded 710.51 glycoalkaloid μg/g DPP. Recoveries of individual glycoalkoids using UAE yielded 273, 542.7, 231 and 55.3 μg/g DPP for α-solanine, α-chaconine, solanidine and demissidine respectively. Whereas for SLE yields were 180.3, 337.6, 160.2 and 32.4 μg/g DPP for α-solanine, α-chaconine, solanidine and demissidine respectively. The predicted values from the developed second order quadratic polynomial equation were in close agreement with the experimental values with low average mean deviation (E<5%) values. Predicted models were highly significant (p<0.05) for all parameters studied. This study indicates that UAE has strong potential as an extraction method for steroidal alkaloids from potato peel waste.
authors.affiliation: Teagasc, Ashtown Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland. Electronic address: mohammad.hossain@teagasc.ie.
authors.forename: Mohammad B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Hossain
authors.affiliation: Teagasc, Ashtown Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland.
authors.forename: Brijesh K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Tiwari
authors.affiliation: Teagasc, Ashtown Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland.
authors.forename: Nirupama
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gangopadhyay
authors.affiliation: School of Biosystems Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
authors.forename: Colm P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: O'Donnell
authors.affiliation: School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland. Electronic address: nigel.brunton@ucd.ie.
authors.forename: Nigel P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Brunton
authors.affiliation: Teagasc, Ashtown Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland.
authors.forename: Dilip K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Rai
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods*; D005511:Food Handling; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000032:analysis; D000432:Methanol / Q000737:chemistry; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011198:Solanum tuberosum / Q000737:chemistry*; D013010:Sonication; D013256:Steroids / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D007220:Industrial Waste; D013256:Steroids; D000432:Methanol
keywords: Extraction; Response surface methodology; Steroidal alkaloids; Ultrasound