title: Extended-spectrum-beta-lactamases, AmpC beta-lactamases and plasmid mediated quinolone resistance in klebsiella spp. from companion animals in Italy.
abstract: We report the genetic characterization of 15 Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) and 4 isolates of K. oxytoca (KO) from clinical cases in dogs and cats and showing extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC) resistance. Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and AmpC genes, plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) and co-resistances were investigated. Among KP isolates, ST101 clone was predominant (8/15, 53%), followed by ST15 (4/15, 27%). ST11 and ST340, belonging to Clonal Complex (CC)11, were detected in 2012 (3/15, 20%). MLST on KP isolates corresponded well with PFGE results, with 11 different PFGE patterns observed, including two clusters of two (ST340) and four (ST101) indistinguishable isolates, respectively. All isolates harbored at least one ESBL or AmpC gene, all carried on transferable plasmids (IncR, IncFII, IncI1, IncN), and 16/19 were positive for PMQR genes (qnr family or aac(6')-Ib-cr). The most frequent ESBL was CTX-M-15 (11/19, 58%), detected in all KP ST101, in one KP ST15 and in both KP ST340. blaCTX-M-15 was carried on IncR plasmids in all but one KP isolate. All KP ST15 isolates harbored different ESC resistance genes and different plasmids, and presented the non-transferable blaSHV-28 gene, in association with blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-1 (on IncR, or on IncN), blaSHV-2a (on IncR) or blaCMY-2 genes (on IncI1). KO isolates were positive for blaCTX-M-9 gene (on IncHI2), or for the blaSHV-12 and blaDHA-1 genes (on IncL/M). They were all positive for qnr genes, and one also for the aac(6')-Ib-cr gene. All Klebsiella isolates showed multiresistance towards aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, trimethoprim and amphenicols, mediated by strA/B, aadA2, aadB, ant (2")-Ia, aac(6')-Ib, sul, tet, dfr and cat genes in various combinations. The emergence in pets of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella with ESBL, AmpC and PMQR determinants, poses further and serious challenges in companion animal therapy and raise concerns for possible bi-directional transmission between pets and humans, especially at household level.
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Regioni Lazio e Toscana, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Donati
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Regioni Lazio e Toscana, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Fabiola
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Feltrin
authors.affiliation: Technical University of Denmark, National Food Institute (DTU-Food), Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Rene S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Hendriksen
authors.affiliation: Technical University of Denmark, National Food Institute (DTU-Food), Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Christina Aaby
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Svendsen
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Regioni Lazio e Toscana, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Gessica
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cordaro
authors.affiliation: Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Aurora
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: García-Fernández
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Regioni Lazio e Toscana, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Serena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lorenzetti
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Regioni Lazio e Toscana, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Raniero
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lorenzetti
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Regioni Lazio e Toscana, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Battisti
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Regioni Lazio e Toscana, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Franco
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D002415:Cats / Q000382:microbiology*; D004285:Dogs / Q000382:microbiology*; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D007710:Klebsiella Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D041121:Klebsiella oxytoca / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D015363:Quinolones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D015363:Quinolones; C048795:AmpC beta-lactamases; D001618:beta-Lactamases