title: The adolescent body image satisfaction scale for males: exploratory factor analysis and implications for strength and conditioning professionals.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is evidence of reliability and validity for the Adolescent Body Image Satisfaction Scale (ABISS), an instrument previously developed to measure adolescent body image. A sample (N = 330) of adolescent males, aged 14-19 years, completed the ABISS to determine current body image satisfaction. Data were analyzed for measures of instrument composite reliability and initial content and construct validity. Exploratory factor analysis supported a 3-factor solution (16 total items), which explained 42.7% of variance in the model. Composite reliability for the subscales, body competence, body inadequacy, and internal conflict ranged from 0.64 to 0.82. Exploratory factor analysis of the ABISS provides initial psychometric support for a valid and reliable measure for assessing adolescent male body image, which also can be used as a needs assessment tool. Strength and conditioning professionals should be aware of their athlete and client psychological attributes, many of whom are adolescents. Understanding how adolescents view their bodies and their body image will assist professionals in designing appropriate, health-promotive strength programs, while at the same time monitoring for signs of body image dissatisfaction. Assessing body image can help heighten awareness and possibly encourage preventative programming to help avert negative health practices (e.g., performance-enhancing drug use, exercise addictions, disordered eating). The ABISS seems to have preliminary psychometric support to be a valid and reliable instrument that helps gauge at-risk populations.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Movement Arts, Health Promotion, and Leisure Studies, Bridgewater State University, Bridgewater, Massachusetts; 2Department of Physical Education and Health Education, Springfield College, Springfield, Massachusetts; 3Department of Movement Arts, Health Promotion, and Leisure Studies, Bridgewater State University, Bridgewater, Massachusetts; and 4Department of Health Professions, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Leone
authors.forename: Elizabeth M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Mullin
authors.forename: Suanne S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Maurer-Starks
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Rovito
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001828:Body Image / Q000523:psychology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D064797:Physical Conditioning, Human / Q000523:psychology*; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult