title: Reproducibility of renal volume measurement in adults using 3-dimensional sonography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine the interobserver reproducibility of renal volume measurement performed by 3-dimensional (3D) sonography.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted an exploratory, quantitative, observational, and descriptive cross-sectional study. We calculated ranges, means, and standard deviations of the renal volumes obtained with 3D sonography by 2 different examiners from a sample of 30 patients. The interobserver reproducibility was assessed by calculating intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and by construction of Bland-Altman plots.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ICC between the right 3D renal volumes obtained by examiners 1 and 2 was 0.8552 (95% confidence interval, 0.7153-0.9292), showing excellent reproducibility (P < .0001). For the left 3D renal volumes obtained by examiners 1 and 2, the ICC was 0.6411 (95% confidence interval, 0.3652-0.8135), showing average to good reproducibility (P = .0001). The Bland-Altman plots showed mean differences ± SD of -4.8% ± 23.9% between the right renal volumes obtained by examiners 1 and 2 and -2.2% ± 38% between the left renal volumes. The 95% limits of agreement between the right renal volumes obtained by examiners 1 and 2 were -28.7% to 19%, whereas those between the left renal volumes were -40.2% to 35.7%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Three-dimensional sonography showed good interobserver reproducibility, which was better for the right kidney. It appears necessary to establish standardized techniques for acquisition of sonographic renal volumes.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 159 Huerta Ferreira de Melo St, Jardim Oceania, 58037-245 João Pessoa-PB, Brazil. camilapaivamd@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Camila Caroline
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: de Amorim Paiva
authors.forename: Carlos Fernando
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: de Mello Junior
authors.forename: Helio Antonio
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Guimarães Filho
authors.forename: Camila Albuquerque
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: de Brito Gomes
authors.forename: Lusimário Rodrigues
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Silva Junior
authors.forename: Gilberto Moura Brito
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Junior
authors.forename: Cláudio Sérgio Medeiros
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Paiva
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D007668:Kidney / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D009929:Organ Size / Q000502:physiology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: 3-dimensional imaging; genitourinary ultrasound; kidney; organ volume; reproducibility of results; sonography