title: The Effects of Computerized Cognitive Control Training on Community Adults with Depressed Mood.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Depression is frequently characterized by patterns of inflexible, maladaptive, and ruminative thinking styles, which are thought to result from a combination of decreased attentional control, decreased executive functioning, and increased negative affect. Cognitive Control Training (CCT) uses computer-based behavioral exercises with the aim of strengthening cognitive and emotional functions. A previous study found that severely depressed participants who received CCT exhibited reduced negative affect and rumination as well as improved concentration.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study aimed to extend this line of research by employing a more stringent control group and testing the efficacy of three sessions of CCT over a 2-week period in a community population with depressed mood.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight participants with high Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) scores were randomized to CCT or a comparison condition (Peripheral Vision Training; PVT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant large effect sizes favoring CCT over PVT were found on the BDI-II (d = 0.73, p < .05) indicating CCT was effective in reducing negative mood. Additionally, correlations showed significant relationships between CCT performance (indicating ability to focus attention on CCT) and state affect ratings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that CCT is effective in altering depressed mood, although it may be specific to select mood dimensions.
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts General Hospital,Harvard Medical School,USA.
authors.forename: Amanda W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Calkins
authors.affiliation: The Catholic University of America,USA.
authors.forename: Katherine E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: McMorran
authors.affiliation: University of Pittsburgh,Pittsburgh Medical Center,USA.
authors.forename: Greg J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Siegle
authors.affiliation: Boston University,USA.
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Otto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000379:methods; D003071:Cognition; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D056344:Executive Function; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics; D057566:Self Report; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013813:Therapy, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Depression; adults; attentional training; computer-aided psychotherapy