title: Development of a local malnutrition risk screening tool-hospital (MRST-H) for hospitalised elderly patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hospitalised elderly patients are at high risk of malnutrition due to the presence of chronic diseases and inadequate food intake. It was on this premise that a Malnutrition Risk Screening Tool-Hospital (MRST-H) was developed for identifying the risk of malnutrition among Malaysian elderly patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 181 respondents aged 65 years and above who had been admitted to the Geriatric Ward of the University Malaya Medical Centre were recruited. The respondents' nutritional assessment was assessed using the Global Indicator of Malnutrition (GIM), a reference gold standard of malnutrition consisting of anthropometric measurements, biochemical indicators and the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA). Important predictive factors of malnutrition were determined by logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five out of 18 predictive factors were significantly associated with malnutrition (p<0.05) in the final multivariate logistic regression model. These five factors were used to develop the MRST-H. Its validity was tested among 100 elderly inpatients in the Kuala Lumpur Hospital. The MRST-H was found to have 66.7% sensitivity, 96.2% specificity and 82.4% positive predictive value to GIM. The MRST-H was tested for reliability among 40 patients involving three raters (a dietitian and two nurses). The Kappa index of agreement was excellent between the dietitian with nurse A (81.3%, Kappa=0.84) and nurse B (87.5%, Kappa=0.89) respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MRST-H developed showed high validity and reliability as a screening tool for identifying hospitalised elderly patients with high risk of malnutrition.
authors.affiliation: Dietetic Program, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia. sakinah@kck.usm.my
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakinah
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suzana
authors.affiliation: MasterskiIl University College of Health Sciences, 43200 Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: M Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Noor Aini
authors.affiliation: Division of Geriatrics, Faculty ofMedicine, Universiti Malaya, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Philip Poi
authors.affiliation: Division of Geriatrics, Faculty ofMedicine, Universiti Malaya, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shahrul Bahyah
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000886:Anthropometry; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005248:Feeding Methods; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D008296:Malaysia; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012307:Risk Factors; D015431:Weight Loss