title: ECMO in neonates: neuroimaging findings and outcome.
abstract: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a rescue therapy for newborns with severe but reversible respiratory failure. Although ECMO has significantly improved survival, it is associated with substantial complications, of which intracranial injuries are the most important. These injuries consist of hemorrhagic and non-hemorrhagic, ischemic lesions. Different from the classical presentation of hemorrhages in preterm infants, hemorrhages in ECMO-treated newborns are mainly parenchymal and with a high percentage in the posterior fossa area. There are conflicting data on the predominant occurrence of cerebral lesions in the right hemisphere. The existence of intracerebral injuries and the classification of its severity are the major predictors of neurodevelopmental outcome. This section will discuss the known data on intracranial injury in the ECMO population and the effect of ECMO on the brain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: a.vanheijst@cukz.umcn.nl.
authors.forename: Arno F J
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: van Heijst
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Albert Sweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Amerik C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: de Mol
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery and Intensive Care, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Hanneke
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ijsselstijn
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004453:Echoencephalography; D015199:Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D020300:Intracranial Hemorrhages / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Brain; Cerebral utrrasound; ECMO; MRI