title: Radiographic assessment of findings in the maxillary sinus using cone-beam computed tomography.
abstract: OBJECTIVES. To assess the presence of anatomic variations and pathology of the maxillary sinus using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) of the maxilla where pre- implant surgery is planned. MATERIAL AND METHODS. This retrospective study evaluates a sample CBCT scans of 34 dental patients (68 sinuses). CBCT is used to assess maxillary sinus mucosa and outflow and prevalence of septa. The mucosal thickening was measured and the sinus outflow was classified as open or obstructed. RESULTS. Mucosal thickening was found in 48.5%, septa in 20.6% and total opacity in 2.9% of the sinuses. Maxillary sinus outflow was blocked in 26.5% of the scans. Strong association between radiological signs of maxillary sinus ostium blockage and thickened mucosa was observed. CONCLUSIONS. Anatomic variations and lesions of the maxillary sinus were common findings in CBCT examinations of the maxilla required for dental preprosthetic planning. Routine CBCT scans, including maxillary sinus ostium are recommended for risk assessment prior to surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Riga Stradins University, Pilsonu 13, LV- 1002, Riga, Latvia. Ilze.Dobele@rsu.lv.
authors.forename: Ilze
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dobele
authors.forename: Ligija
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kise
authors.forename: Peteris
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Apse
authors.forename: Gints
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kragis
authors.forename: Andris
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bigestans
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D063405:Anatomic Variation; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D007576:Jaw, Edentulous, Partially / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D015508:Nasal Obstruction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009957:Oroantral Fistula / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010254:Paranasal Sinus Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants