title: Hepatoprotective effects of fermented field water-dropwort (Oenanthe javanica) extract and its major constituents.
abstract: Dropwort (Oenanthe javanica) has been used for many years for the treatment of inflammatory conditions, including hepatitis. We investigated the protective effects of fermented field water-dropwort extract (FDE) on tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced hepatotoxicity in HepG2 cells and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver damage in rats. Pretreatment with FDE prior to the t-BHP treatment of HepG2 cells inhibited cell death and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage in a dose-dependent manner. In addition FDE significantly prevented the increase of hepatic enzyme markers (ALT, AST) in vivo. Moreover, FDE administration for 7 days significantly affected CYP2E1, CYP4A2, and PPARγ gene expressions. CYP2E1 and CYP4A2 gene expression in the liver, increased 2 and 22-fold by CCl4 administration, respectively, was attenuated to normal levels by pretreatment with FDE. PPARγ gene expression, completely blocked by CCl4 treatment, was increased by FDE pretreatment compared to normal control group. Histopathological examination of the livers also revealed that FDE reduced the incidence of liver lesions. Caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid were identified as major constituents of FDE. These results demonstrate the protective effects of FDE against hepatocytotoxicity induced by CCl4 and t-BHP in rats and HepG2 cells, thus indicating the potential of FDE as a therapeutic for acute liver diseases.
authors.affiliation: The Center for Traditional Microorganism Resources (TMR), Keimyung University, Daegu 704-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seun-Ah
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University, Daegu 704-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yeon-Seop
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Chun
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University, Daegu 704-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Min-Ju
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University, Daegu 704-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Ju
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 730-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hae-Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Byun
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 730-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kwang-Hwan
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Jhee
authors.affiliation: The Center for Traditional Microorganism Resources (TMR), Keimyung University, Daegu 704-701, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University, Daegu 704-701, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: splee@kmu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Sam-Pin
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000032:analysis; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride / Q000633:toxicity; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 / Q000235:genetics; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics; D017931:DNA Primers; D005285:Fermentation; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D031050:Oenanthe / Q000737:chemistry*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D002109:Caffeic Acids; D017931:DNA Primers; D047495:PPAR gamma; D010936:Plant Extracts; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1; C465388:cytochrome P-450 CYP4A2 (rat); C040048:caffeic acid
keywords: Caffeic acid; Carbon tetrachloride; Chlorogenic acid; Dropwort; Hepatoprotection; Oenanthe javanica