title: Emergence of enteric viruses in production chickens is a concern for avian health.
abstract: Several viruses have been identified in recent years in the intestinal contents of chickens and turkeys with enteric problems, which have been observed in commercial farms worldwide, including Brazil. Molecular detection of these viruses in Brazil can transform to a big threat for poultry production due to risk for intestinal integrity. This disease is characterized by severely delayed growth, low uniformity, lethargy, watery diarrhea, delayed feed consumption, and a decreased conversion rate. Chicken astrovirus (CAstV), rotavirus, reovirus, chicken parvovirus (ChPV), fowl adenovirus of subgroup I (FAdV-1), and avian nephritis virus (ANV) were investigated using the conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In addition, the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), which may play a role in enteric disease, was included. The viruses most frequently detected, either alone or in concomitance with other viruses, were IBV, ANV, rotavirus, and CAstV followed by parvovirus, reovirus, and adenovirus. This study demonstrates the diversity of viruses in Brazilian chicken flocks presenting enteric problems characterized by diarrhea, growth retard, loss weight, and mortality, which reflects the multicausal etiology of this disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avendia Professor Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mettifogo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avendia Professor Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luis F N
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Nuñez
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avendia Professor Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jorge L
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4784-7949
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Chacón
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avendia Professor Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvana H
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6450-7893
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Santander Parra
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avendia Professor Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Claudete S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Astolfi-Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avendia Professor Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Jerez
authors.affiliation: Department of Infection Biology, Institute of Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool CH64 7TE, UK.
authors.forename: Richard C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avendia Professor Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antonio J
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0086-5181
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Piantino Ferreira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002645:Chickens; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014422:Turkeys; D014780:Viruses / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral