title: Genome wide DNA methylation profiling for epigenetic alteration in coronary artery disease patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The alteration in the epigenome forms an interface between the genotype and the environment. Epigenetic alteration is expected to make a significant contribution to the development of cardiovascular disease where environmental interactions play a key role in disease progression. We had previously shown that global DNA hypermethylation per se is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) and is further accentuated by high levels of homocysteine, a thiol amino acid which is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is also a key modulator of macromolecular methylation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We have identified 72 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) that were hypermethylated in CAD patients in the background of varying homocysteine levels. Following deep bisulfite sequencing of a few of the selected DMRs, we found significantly higher methylation in CAD cases. We get six CpG sites in three DMRs that included the intronic region of C1QL4 gene and upstream region of CCDC47 and TGFBR3 genes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to identify hypermethylated regions across the genome in patients with coronary artery disease. Further validation in different populations is necessary for this information to be used for disease risk assessment and management.
authors.affiliation: CSIR - Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India; Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
authors.forename: Priyanka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: CSIR - Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India.
authors.forename: Gaurav
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Garg
authors.affiliation: CSIR - Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India.
authors.forename: Arun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: CSIR - Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India.
authors.forename: Farhan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mohammad
authors.affiliation: CSIR - Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India; Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
authors.forename: Sudha Ramesh
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: CSIR - Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India.
authors.forename: Vinay Singh
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Tanwar
authors.affiliation: CSIR - Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India.
authors.forename: Satish
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sati
authors.affiliation: CSIR - Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India.
authors.forename: Abhay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India.
authors.forename: Ganesan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Karthikeyan
authors.affiliation: Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. Electronic address: vbrahmachari@acbr.du.ac.in.
authors.forename: Vani
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Brahmachari
authors.affiliation: CSIR - Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India. Electronic address: shantanus@igib.res.in.
authors.forename: Shantanu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sengupta
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000235:genetics; D002453:Cell Cycle; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D018899:CpG Islands; D019175:DNA Methylation; D018450:Disease Progression; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D015894:Genome, Human; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007438:Introns; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013447:Sulfites / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D013447:Sulfites; C009279:sodium bisulfite
keywords: Coronary artery disease; Differentially methylated regions; Epigenome