title: Four different methods comparison for extraction of astaxanthin from green alga Haematococcus pluvialis.
abstract: Haematococcus pluvialis is one of the potent organisms for production of astaxanthin. Up to now, no efficient method has been achieved due to its thick cell wall hindering solvent extraction of astaxanthin. In this study, four different methods, hydrochloric acid pretreatment followed by acetone extraction (HCl-ACE), hexane/isopropanol (6:4, v/v) mixture solvents extraction (HEX-IPA), methanol extraction followed by acetone extraction (MET-ACE, 2-step extraction), and soy-oil extraction, were intensively evaluated for extraction of astaxanthin from H. pluvialis. Results showed that HCl-ACE method could obtain the highest oil yield (33.3±1.1%) and astaxanthin content (19.8±1.1%). Quantitative NMR analysis provided the fatty acid chain profiles of total lipid extracts. In all cases, oleyl chains were predominant, and high amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acid chains were observed and the major fatty acid components were oleic acid (13-35%), linoleic acid (37-43%), linolenic acid (20-31%), and total saturated acid (17-28%). DPPH radical scavenging activity of extract obtained by HCl-ACE was 73.2±1.0%, which is the highest amongst the four methods. The reducing power of extract obtained by four extraction methods was also examined. It was concluded that the proposed extraction method of HCl-ACE in this work allowed efficient astaxanthin extractability with high antioxidant properties.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, The Biorefinery Research and Engineering Center of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Shengzhao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, The Biorefinery Research and Engineering Center of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, The Biorefinery Research and Engineering Center of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, The Biorefinery Research and Engineering Center of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Shihui
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, The Biorefinery Research and Engineering Center of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000460:Chlorophyta / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D059625:Liquid-Liquid Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D024341:Xanthophylls; C005948:astaxanthine