title: Kisspeptin modulates fertilization capacity of mouse spermatozoa.
abstract: Kisspeptin acts as an upstream regulator of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis, which is one of the main regulatory systems for mammalian reproduction. Kiss1 and its receptor Kiss1r (also known as G protein-coupled receptor 54 (Gpr54)) are expressed in various organs, but their functions are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression profiles and functions of kisspeptin and KISS1R in the reproductive tissues of imprinting control region mice. To identify the expression pattern and location of kisspeptin and KISS1R in gonads, testes and ovarian tissues were examined by immunohistochemical or immunofluorescent staining. Kisspeptin and KISS1R were expressed primarily in Leydig cells and seminiferous tubules respectively. KISS1R was specifically localized in the acrosomal region of spermatids and mature spermatozoa. Kisspeptin, but not KISS1R, was expressed in the cumulus-oocyte complex and oviductal epithelium of ovarian and oviductal tissues. The sperm intracellular calcium concentrations significantly increased in response to treatment with kisspeptin 10 in Fluo-4-loaded sperm. The IVF rates decreased after treatment of sperm with the kisspeptin antagonist peptide 234. These results suggest that kisspeptin and KISS1R might be involved in the fertilization process in the female reproductive tract. In summary, this study indicates that kisspeptin and KISS1R are expressed in female and male gametes, respectively, and in mouse reproductive tissues. These data strongly suggest that the kisspeptin system could regulate mammalian fertilization and reproduction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science and TechnologyCollege of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Ln. 155, Sec. 3, Keelung Road, Taipei 10673, TaiwanDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyKaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81346, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Meng-Chieh
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science and TechnologyCollege of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Ln. 155, Sec. 3, Keelung Road, Taipei 10673, TaiwanDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyKaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81346, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jyun-Yuan
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science and TechnologyCollege of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Ln. 155, Sec. 3, Keelung Road, Taipei 10673, TaiwanDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyKaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81346, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yue-Jia
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science and TechnologyCollege of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Ln. 155, Sec. 3, Keelung Road, Taipei 10673, TaiwanDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyKaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81346, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: De-Shien
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Jong
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science and TechnologyCollege of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Ln. 155, Sec. 3, Keelung Road, Taipei 10673, TaiwanDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyKaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81346, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Kuan-Hao
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Tsui
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science and TechnologyCollege of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Ln. 155, Sec. 3, Keelung Road, Taipei 10673, TaiwanDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyKaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81346, Taiwan, Republic of China chiuchihhsien@ntu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Chih-Hsien
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chiu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D004822:Epididymis / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005306:Fertilization; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D059648:Kisspeptins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007985:Leydig Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009865:Oocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D010053:Ovary / Q000378:metabolism; D010057:Oviducts / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism; D000074502:Receptors, Kisspeptin-1; D012671:Seminiferous Tubules / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013084:Sperm-Ovum Interactions; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C491407:Kiss1 protein, mouse; C492248:Kiss1r protein, mouse; D059648:Kisspeptins; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D000074502:Receptors, Kisspeptin-1; D002118:Calcium