title: Stereotype endorsement, metacognitive capacity, and self-esteem as predictors of stigma resistance in persons with schizophrenia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  While research continues to document the impact of internalized stigma among persons with schizophrenia, little is known about the factors which promote stigma resistance or the ability to recognize and reject stigma. This study aimed to replicate previous findings linking stigma resistance with lesser levels of depression and higher levels of self-esteem while also examining the extent to which other factors, including metacognitive capacity and positive and negative symptoms, are linked to the ability to resist stigma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 62 adults with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders who completed self-reports of stigma resistance, internalized stigma, self-esteem, and rater assessments of positive, negative, disorganization, and emotional discomfort symptoms, and metacognitive capacity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stigma resistance was significantly correlated with lower levels of acceptance of stereotypes of mental illness, negative symptoms, and higher levels of metacognitive capacity, and self-esteem. A stepwise multiple regression revealed that acceptance of stereotypes of mental illness, metacognitive capacity, and self-esteem all uniquely contributed to greater levels of stigma resistance, accounting for 39% of the variance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stigma resistance is related to, but not synonymous with, internalized stigma. Greater metacognitive capacity, better self-esteem, and fewer negative symptoms may be factors which facilitate stigma resistance.
authors.affiliation: University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Lori M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Nabors
authors.affiliation: John Jay College of Criminal Justice, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Phillip T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Yanos
authors.affiliation: University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Roe
authors.affiliation: Bar-Ilan University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Ilanit
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hasson-Ohayon
authors.affiliation: University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Bethany L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Leonhardt
authors.affiliation: Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Kelly D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Buck
authors.affiliation: Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Roudebush VA Medical Center and the Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. Electronic address: plysaker@iupui.edu.
authors.forename: Paul H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Lysaker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003071:Cognition; D003674:Defense Mechanisms; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D004644:Emotions; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012649:Self Concept; D057566:Self Report; D057545:Social Stigma; D013240:Stereotyping