title: Co-culture with periodontal ligament stem cells enhances osteogenic gene expression in de-differentiated fat cells.
abstract: In recent decades, de-differentiated fat cells (DFAT cells) have emerged in regenerative medicine because of their trans-differentiation capability and the fact that their characteristics are similar to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Even so, there is no evidence to support the osteogenic induction using DFAT cells in periodontal regeneration and also the co-culture system. Consequently, this study sought to evaluate the DFAT cells co-culture with periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) in vitro in terms of gene expression by comparing runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 2 (PPARγ2) genes. We isolated DFAT cells from mature adipocytes and compared proliferation with PDLSCs. After co-culture with PDLSCs, we analyzed transcriptional activity implying by DNA methylation in all adipogenic gene promoters using combined bisulfite restriction analysis. We compared gene expression in RUNX2 gene with the PPARγ2 gene using quantitative RT-PCR. After being sub-cultured, DFAT cells demonstrated morphology similar to fibroblast-like cells. At the same time, PDLSCs established all stem cell characteristics. Interestingly, the co-culture system attenuated proliferation while enhancing osteogenic gene expression in RUNX2 gene. Using the co-culture system, DFAT cells could trans-differentiate into osteogenic lineage enhancing, but conversely, their adipogenic characteristic diminished. Therefore, DFAT cells and the co-culture system might be a novel cell-based therapy for promoting osteogenic differentiation in periodontal regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of NDU Life Sciences, Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan, tong_dent@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Kallapat
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tansriratanawong
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tamaki
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Soh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics*; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / Q000235:genetics; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000235:genetics*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000235:genetics*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000166:cytology*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; D047495:PPAR gamma; C493709:RUNX2 protein, human