title: Frequency doubling technology perimetry for detection of visual field progression in glaucoma: a pointwise linear regression analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We compared the detection of visual field progression and its rate of change between standard automated perimetry (SAP) and Matrix frequency doubling technology perimetry (FDTP) in glaucoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  We followed prospectively 217 eyes (179 glaucoma and 38 normal eyes) for SAP and FDTP testing at 4-month intervals for ≥36 months. Pointwise linear regression analysis was performed. A test location was considered progressing when the rate of change of visual sensitivity was ≤-1 dB/y for nonedge and ≤-2 dB/y for edge locations. Three criteria were used to define progression in an eye: ≥3 adjacent nonedge test locations (conservative), any three locations (moderate), and any two locations (liberal) progressed. The rate of change of visual sensitivity was calculated with linear mixed models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 217 eyes, 6.1% and 3.9% progressed with the conservative criteria, 14.5% and 5.6% of eyes progressed with the moderate criteria, and 20.1% and 11.7% of eyes progressed with the liberal criteria by FDTP and SAP, respectively. Taking all test locations into consideration (total, 54 × 179 locations), FDTP detected more progressing locations (176) than SAP (103, P < 0.001). The rate of change of visual field mean deviation (MD) was significantly faster for FDTP (all with P < 0.001). No eyes showed progression in the normal group using the conservative and the moderate criteria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With a faster rate of change of visual sensitivity, FDTP detected more progressing eyes than SAP at a comparable level of specificity. Frequency doubling technology perimetry can provide a useful alternative to monitor glaucoma progression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Robert N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Weinreb
authors.forename: Gilda
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Dennis Shun-Chiu
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Christopher Kai-Shun
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Leung
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D058609:Visual Field Tests / Q000379:methods*; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology
keywords: frequency doubling technology perimetry; glaucoma; standard automated perimetry