title: Social network analysis of multi-level linkages: a Swedish case study on Northern Forest-Based sectors.
abstract: Forest use in Northern Sweden is being influenced both by global trends and local situations. This results in interactions between numerous groups that may impact local forest governance. Social network analysis can here provide insight into the total pattern of positive, negative, and cross-level interactions within user group community structure (within and among groups). This study analyses interactions within selected renewable resource sectors in two northern Swedish municipalities, both with regard to whether they are positive, neutral, or negative, as well as with regard to how local actors relate to actors across levels, e.g., with regional, national, and international actors. The study illustrates that many interactions both within and outside a given sector are seen as neutral or positive, and that considerable interaction and impact are defined as national and in some cases even international. It also indicates that the impact of Sweden's only existing Model Forest may to some extent constitute a bridge between different sectors and levels, in comparison with the interactions between sectors in a municipality where such a cooperation mechanism does not exist.
authors.affiliation: Geography and Economic History, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden, Carina.Keskitalo@geography.umu.se.
authors.forename: E Carina H
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Keskitalo
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baird
authors.forename: Emmeline
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Laszlo Ambjörnsson
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Plummer
mesh_terms: D002947:Cities; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D017753:Ecosystem; D058735:Environmental Policy / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D006801:Humans; D012944:Social Support; D013548:Sweden