title: Prevalence and predictors of HIV among Chinese tuberculosis patients by provider-initiated HIV testing and counselling (PITC): a multisite study in South Central of China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV are two worldwide public health concerns. Co-infection of these two diseases has been considered to be a major obstacle for the global efforts in reaching the goals for the prevention of HIV and TB.
  
  
  METHODS
  A comprehensive cross-sectional study was conducted to recruit TB patients in three provinces (Guangxi, Henan and Sichuan) of China between April 1 and September 30, 2010.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 1,032 consenting TB patients attended this survey during the study period. Among the participants, 3.30% were HIV positive; about one quarter had opportunistic infections. Nearly half of the participants were 50 years or older, the majority were male and about one third were from minority ethnic groups. After adjusting for site, gender and areas of residence (using the partial/selective Model 1), former commercial plasma donors (adjusted OR [aOR] = 33.71) and injecting drug users(aOR = 15.86) were found to have significantly higher risk of being HIV-positivity. In addition, having extramarital sexual relationship (aOR = 307.16), being engaged in commercial sex (aOR = 252.37), suffering from opportunistic infections in the past six months (aOR = 2.79), losing 10% or more of the body weight in the past six months (aOR = 5.90) and having abnormal chest X-ray findings (aOR = 20.40) were all significantly associated with HIV seropositivity (each p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HIV prevalence among TB patients was high in the study areas of China. To control the dual epidemic, intervention strategies targeting socio-demographic and behavioral factors associated with higher risk of TB-HIV co-infection are urgently called for.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of National Health and Family Planning Commission Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China ; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Junjie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Weiming
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, National Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shiming
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Tanmay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mahapatra
authors.affiliation: Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, National Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, National Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of National Health and Family Planning Commission Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China ; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yongjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Guangxi Autonomous Region CDC, Nanning, China.
authors.forename: Feiying
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, HenanProvincialCDC, Zhengzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xinan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhen
authors.affiliation: Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, SichuanProvincialCDC, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Jinge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of National Health and Family Planning Commission Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China ; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of National Health and Family Planning Commission Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China ; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jinxin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Sanchita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mahapatra
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of National Health and Family Planning Commission Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China ; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D060085:Coinfection / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003376:Counseling; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006282:Health Personnel; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012309:Risk-Taking; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000453:epidemiology*