title: The Role of CD14 and CTLA4 Gene Polymorphisms in Risk of Celiac Disease among Patients of Iranian Ethnicity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Celiac disease (CD) is developed via autoimmune reactions against gluten which is mainly found in grains. Although HLA DQB1 locus is the most important genetic susceptibility to CD, some other variants such as A49G and G1359T of CTLA4 and CD14 genes respectively have been proposed as CD predisposing genetic factors in many vari- ous studies. We aimed to assess possible roles of A49G and G1359T polymorphisms in CD susceptibility in the Iranian population.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this case-control, one hundred CD patients and 100 healthy matched controls with average age of 30-33 years were selected. They were genotyped for both A49G and G1359T polymorphisms using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no association between genotypes of A49G variant of CTLA4 and risk of CD (p<0.05). The G1359T polymorphism of CD14 gene also did not show any significant association with risk of CD among the studied population. However, patients with CD14 T/T genotype were more classified in the severe form (Marsh III) of CD, showing border line significance (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No association was identified between the combination of 1359T and A49G alleles with risk of CD. These lacks of association could be due to small sample size and considering further studies in various populations and ethnicities seems to be required.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; Department of Neurogenetics, Iranian Center of Neurological Research , Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zamani
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Karami
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Infections Research Center, Mofid Children Hospital. Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Fariba
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shirvani
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Laleh
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kia-Lashaki
authors.affiliation: Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Bizhan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shahbazkhani
keywords: CD14; CTLA4; Celiac disease