title: Congenital vascular malformations in scintigraphic evaluation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Congenital vascular malformations are tumour-like, non-neoplastic lesions caused by disorders of vascular tissue morphogenesis. They are characterised by a normal cell replacement cycle throughout all growth phases and do not undergo spontaneous involution. Here we present a scintigraphic image of familial congenital vascular malformations in two sisters.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 17-years-old young woman with a history of multiple hospitalisations for foci of vascular anomalies appearing progressively in the upper and lower right limbs, chest wall and spleen. A Parkes Weber syndrome was diagnosed based on the clinical picture. Due to the occurrence of new foci of malformations, a whole-body scintigraphic examination was performed. A 12-years-old girl reported a lump in the right lower limb present for approximately 2 years, which was clinically identified as a vascular lesion in the area of calcaneus and talus. Phleboscintigraphy visualized normal radiomarker outflow from the feet via the deep venous system, also observed in the superficial venous system once the tourniquets were released. In static and whole-body examinations vascular malformations were visualised in the area of the medial cuneiform, navicular and talus bones of the left foot, as well as in the projection of right calcaneus and above the right talocrural joint.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  People with undiagnosed disorders related to the presence of vascular malformations should undergo periodic follow-up to identify lesions that may be the cause of potentially serious complications and to assess the results of treatment. Presented scintigraphic methods may be used for both diagnosing and monitoring of disease progression.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Regional Specialist Hospital in Grudziądz, Grudziądz, Poland ; Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Stanisław
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pilecki
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gierach
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gierach
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Regional Specialist Hospital in Grudziądz, Grudziądz, Poland.
authors.forename: Cyprian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Swiętaszczyk
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Junik
authors.affiliation: Department and Institute of Imaging Diagnostics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Władysław
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lasek
keywords: 99mTc-RBC; congenital vascular malformations; scintigraphy