title: Biochemical and anatomical changes and yield reduction in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under varied salinity regimes.
abstract: Five Malaysian rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties, MR33, MR52, MR211, MR219, and MR232, were tested in pot culture under different salinity regimes for biochemical response, physiological activity, and grain yield. Three different levels of salt stresses, namely, 4, 8, and 12 dS m(-1), were used in a randomized complete block design with four replications under glass house conditions. The results revealed that the chlorophyll content, proline, sugar content, soluble protein, free amino acid, and yield per plant of all the genotypes were influenced by different salinity levels. The chlorophyll content was observed to decrease with salinity level but the proline increased with salinity levels in all varieties. Reducing sugar and total sugar increased up to 8 dS m(-1) and decreased up to 12 dS m(-1). Nonreducing sugar decreased with increasing the salinity levels in all varieties. Soluble protein and free amino acid also decreased with increasing salinity levels. Cortical cells of MR211 and MR232 did not show cell collapse up to 8 dS m(-1) salinity levels compared to susceptible checks (IR20 and BRRI dhan29). Therefore, considering all parameters, MR211 and MR232 showed better salinity tolerance among the tested varieties. Both cluster and principal component analyses depict the similar results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Land Management, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia ; Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hakim
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Abdul Shukor
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Juraimi
authors.affiliation: Department of Land Management, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Hanafi
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia ; Institute of Tropical Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohd Razi
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Selamat
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia ; Institute of Tropical Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: M Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Rafii
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia ; Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Latif
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000378:metabolism; D000077194:Chlorophyll A; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D012275:Oryza / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011392:Proline / Q000378:metabolism; D054712:Salinity; D012639:Seeds / Q000254:growth & development; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D002241:Carbohydrates; D010940:Plant Proteins; D002734:Chlorophyll; C037184:chlorophyll b; D011392:Proline; D000077194:Chlorophyll A