title: CC chemokine receptor 5: the interface of host immunity and cancer.
abstract: Solid tumors are embedded in a stromal microenvironment consisting of immune cells, such as macrophages and lymphocytes, as well as nonimmune cells, such as endothelial cells and fibroblasts. Chemokines are a type of small secreted chemotactic cytokine and together with their receptors play key roles in the immune defense. Critically, they regulate cancer cellular migration and also contribute to their proliferation and survival. The CCR5 chemokine receptor is involved in leucocytes chemotaxis to sites of inflammation and plays an important role in the macrophages, T cells, and monocytes recruitment. Additionally, CCR5 may have an indirect effect on cancer progression by controlling the antitumor immune response, since it has been demonstrated that its expression could promote tumor growth and contribute to tumor metastasis, in different types of malignant tumors. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that a CCR5 antagonist may inhibit tumor growth, consisting of a possible therapeutic target. In this context, the present review focuses on the establishment of CCR5 within the interface of host immunity, tumor microenvironment, and its potential as a targeting to immunotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Polymorphism and Application Study of DNA, Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid highway, Pr 445, Km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Eduardo Coral
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Polymorphism and Application Study of DNA, Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid highway, Pr 445, Km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Julie Massayo Maeda
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Polymorphism and Application Study of DNA, Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid highway, Pr 445, Km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Losi Guembarovski
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Polymorphism and Application Study of DNA, Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid highway, Pr 445, Km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Karen Brajão
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Polymorphism and Application Study of DNA, Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid highway, Pr 445, Km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carolina Batista
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Ariza
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Polymorphism and Application Study of DNA, Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid highway, Pr 445, Km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jamil Soni
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Neto
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Polymorphism and Application Study of DNA, Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid highway, Pr 445, Km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruna Karina
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Banin Hirata
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Polymorphism and Application Study of DNA, Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid highway, Pr 445, Km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Angelica Ehara
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: C483024:CCL5 protein, human; C584933:CCR5 protein, human; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D019713:Receptors, CCR5