title: Impact of metabolic syndrome on stress urinary incontinence in pre- and postmenopausal women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In the present study, we prospectively collected data from pre- to postmenopausal women with or without metabolic syndrome (MetS) and evaluated the impact of MetS on stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women.
  
  
  METHODS
  The women divided into four equal groups: premenopausal with and without MetS; postmenopausal with and without MetS. There were 100 women in each group. We assessed the women for SUI at gynecologic position and we determined cough stress test. MetS was defined according to the criteria established in 2005 by the NCEP/ATP III.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age was 48.52 ± 8.16 in women with MetS and 48.81 ± 8.31 in women without MetS. SUI was found more often in both pre- and postmenopausal women with MetS (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001). It seems that postmenopausal women have more SUI than premenopausal women with MetS. We also evaluated the association between five components of MetS and SUI. Just, higher fasting glucose levels and waist circumference were significantly associated with SUI (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study shows that SUI is more prevalent in pre- and postmenopausal women with the MetS. SUI can be prevented with lifestyle changes for MetS. Multicenter studies with larger series and molecular studies are needed to determine the impact of the MetS on SUI.
authors.affiliation: Department Urology, Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey, alperotunctemur@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Alper
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Otunctemur
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dursun
authors.forename: Emin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ozbek
authors.forename: Suleyman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sahin
authors.forename: Huseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Besiroglu
authors.forename: Ismail
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Koklu
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Erkoc
authors.forename: Eyyup
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Danis
authors.forename: Muammer
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bozkurt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause; D017697:Premenopause; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose