title: Depiction of transplant renal vascular anatomy and complications: unenhanced MR angiography by using spatial labeling with multiple inversion pulses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the ability to depict anatomy and complications of renal vascular transplant with unenhanced magnetic resonance (MR) angiography with spatial labeling with multiple inversion pulses (SLEEK) and to compare the results with color Doppler (CD) ultrasonography (US), digital subtraction angiography (DSA), and intraoperative findings.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was approved by the institutional review board, and written informed consent was received before examination. Seventy-five patients who underwent renal transplantation were examined with unenhanced MR angiography with SLEEK and CD US. DSA was performed in 15 patients. Surgery was performed in eight patients. The ability of SLEEK to show transplant renal vascular anatomy and complications was evaluated by two experienced radiologists who compared the results with CD US, DSA, and intraoperative findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients successfully underwent SLEEK MR angiography. Transplant renal vascular anatomy was assessed in 87 arteries and 78 veins. Renal vascular complications from transplantation were diagnosed in 23 patients, which included 14 with arterial stenosis, three with arterial kinking, two with arteriovenous fistulas, two with venous stenosis, one with pseudoaneurysms, and one with fibromuscular dysplasia. Three patients had two renal transplants and nine patients had nine accessory renal arteries. More accessory renal arteries were detected with SLEEK than with CD US. Correlation was excellent between the stenosis degree with SLEEK and DSA (r = 0.96; P < .05). For those with significant artery stenosis (>50% narrowing) proved with DSA (n = 7) or surgery (n = 3), positive predictive value was 91% (10 of 11).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Unenhanced MR angiography with SLEEK preliminarily proved to be a reliable diagnostic method for depiction of anatomy and complications of renal vascular transplant. It may be used for evaluation of patients with renal transplant, and in particular for those with renal insufficiency.
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Radiology (H.T., Z.W., L.W., Q.W., Z.L., J.L., X.M., Y.W., D.H.) and Infection (X.H.), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Zi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiaomeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Qiuxia
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jianjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Yanchun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Daoyu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging