title: Sero-prevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus among HIV patients in a suburban University Teaching Hospital in South-East Nigeria.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has improved survival of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients. Concurrent morbidities from liver diseases among these patients have also been observed due to co-infection with hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV). HAART reduces liver-associated morbidities and mortalities in such patients. Unfortunately free testing of HBV and HCV are not provided alongside free HIV testing and treatment in Nigeria. We assessed the seroprevalence of HBV and HCV among HIV patients presenting for treatment in our center.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective study of adult patients with HIV/AIDS assessed the seroprevalence of HBV and HCV co-infection using a 19-item questionnaire and collection of 2ml venous blood for hepatitis B surface antigens (HBsAg) and anti-HCV antibodies. All previously diagnosed HIV patients of the unit were excluded from the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 404 patients, 69.2% were females while 30.8% were males. Married participants were 59.6%, 25.3% were single and 15% were previously married. A large proportion (69%) of patients were farmers, artisans and traders. Most had some formal education; secondary (55.3%), primary 27.3%, tertiary 13.8%. HBsAg positive participants were 9 (2.2%) while 3 (0.7%) were positive for HCV. No participant had triple infection of HIV/HBV/HCV.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Seroprevalence of HBV and HCV is low among HIV patients in Orlu. However there is a need for HBV and HCV testing of all HIV positive patients to reduce morbidities and mortalities from liver diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Imo State University, Orlu Campus, Imo State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Chiekulie Kevin
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Diwe
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Pathology, Imo State University Teaching Hospital, Orlu, Imo State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Emmanuel Chidiebere
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Okwara
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imo State University, Orlu Campus, Imo State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Oguamanam Okezie
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Enwere
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Imo State University, Orlu Campus, Imo State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Jerome Emeka
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Azike
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Pathology, Imo State University Teaching Hospital, Orlu, Imo State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Nathan Chibuzo
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Nwaimo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D060085:Coinfection; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000276:immunology; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000276:immunology; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies
keywords: HBV; HCV; HIV; co-infection; liver disease; seroprevalence