title: Tanning bed and nail lamp use and the risk of cutaneous malignancy: a review of the literature.
abstract: Malignant melanoma (MM) and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) are increasingly common and both can be fatal. In 2009 the World Health Organization (WHO) classified the whole ultraviolet spectrum and tanning beds as carcinogenic to humans, placing them in the same category as asbestos and tobacco. Despite this, the trend for indoor tanning continues. A growing body of evidence has now associated indoor tanning with an increased risk of MM and NMSC. As a result, there has been an upsurge in regulations in the tanning industry ranging from age restrictions to complete bans on commercial tanning. This article examines the evidence and strengthens the case for a complete ban of a recognised modifiable risk factor for cutaneous malignancy.
authors.affiliation: Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: Niamh-Anna
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: O'Sullivan
authors.forename: Clare P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Tait
mesh_terms: D001505:Beauty Culture; D002280:Basal Cell Carcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008545:Melanoma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D009262:Nails; D009381:Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D013633:Tanning / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*
keywords: BCC; NMSC; SCC; artificial UV; cutaneous malignancy; melanoma; nail lamp; non-melanoma skin cancer; solarium; sunlamps; tanning bed