title: Clinico-hematological and tissue changes induced by butachlor in male Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica).
abstract: The present experiment was executed to determine the pathological effects induced by concurrent feeding of butachlor (chloroacetanilide herbicide) in male Japanese quail. For this purpose mature male quail about 4-5weeks of age were procured from the local market and randomly divided into six equal groups (A-F). Butachlor was mixed in corn oil and administered orally for 30days using crop tube. Four birds from each group were killed at day 10, 20 and 30 of the experiment and blood was collected with and without anticoagulant. The birds in groups (A-D) did not reveal any clinical and behavioral alterations. Clinical signs like watery droppings, dullness, ruffled feather, depression, decrease frequency of crowing, mounting with pen mates and foam production were observed. Maximum intensity of these clinical signs and behavioral alterations were observed in group F throughout the experiment. Significant lower values of erythrocytes, hematocrit percent and hemoglobin were recorded. Significantly increased numbers of erythrocytes with micronuclei, lobed and notched nuclei were observed. Histopathologically, enlarged intertubular space, fewer numbers of round spermatids, necrotic spermatids and admixture of dead spermatids were observed in testes. The results revealed significant increase in serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and urea concentrations. The results of present experimental study indicated that butachlor induces hematobiochemical and testicular changes in birds.
authors.affiliation: University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63000, Pakistan. Electronic address: driazhussain@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Riaz
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan. Electronic address: ahrar1122@uaf.edu.pk.
authors.forename: Ahrar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Fazal
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mahmood
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Sarmad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rehan
authors.affiliation: University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Farah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ali
mesh_terms: D000083:Acetanilides / Q000633:toxicity*; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D003370:Coturnix / Q000097:blood; D004906:Erythrocyte Count; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D006540:Herbicides / Q000633:toxicity*; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective / Q000139:chemically induced; D013737:Testis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D014508:Urea / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000083:Acetanilides; D006454:Hemoglobins; D006540:Herbicides; D014508:Urea; C054409:butachlor; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase
keywords: Butachlor; Hematology; Micronucleus; Quail; Serum biochemistry; Testes