title: Effects of manganese deficiency on chondrocyte development in tibia growth plate of Arbor Acres chicks.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of manganese (Mn) deficiency on chondrocyte development in tibia growth plate. Ninety 1-day-old Arbor Acres chicks were randomly divided into three groups and fed on control diet (60 mg Mn/kg diet) and manganese deficient diets (40 mg Mn/kg diet, manganese deficiency group I; 8.7 mg Mn/kg diet, manganese deficiency group II), respectively. The width of the proliferative zone of growth plate was measured by the microscope graticule. Chondrocyte apoptosis was estimated by TUNEL staining. Gene expression of p21 and Bcl-2, and expression of related proteins were analyzed by quantitative real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Compared with the control group, manganese deficiency significantly decreased the proliferative zone width and Bcl-2 mRNA expression level, while significantly increased the apoptotic rates and the expression level of p21 gene in chondrocytes. The results indicate that manganese deficiency had a negative effect on chondrocyte development, which was mediated by the inhibition of chondrocyte proliferation and promotion of chondrocyte apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road No. 61, Taian, 271018, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhen Yong
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhao Jun
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Shao Qiong
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002645:Chickens; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006132:Growth Plate / Q000166:cytology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D008345:Manganese / Q000737:chemistry / Q000172:deficiency*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013977:Tibia / Q000254:growth & development*
chemical_list: D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D008345:Manganese