title: Protocadherin 17 promoter methylation in tumour tissue from patients with bladder transitional cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the clinical significance of protocadherin 17 (PCDH17) promoter methylation in bladder cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction was used to examine the promoter methylation status of PCDH17 in tumour tissue specimens obtained from patients with bladder cancer, and in normal bladder epithelial tissue specimens obtained from age- and sex-matched controls. The correlations between methylation status and demographic and clinicopathological parameters, and disease outcome, were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Methylation of the PCDH17 promoter was detected in 77/115 (67.0%) patients with bladder cancer and 0/43 (0%) of the controls. Methylation was significantly associated with high cancer grade (G3), advanced cancer stage (T2-T4), large tumour diameter (> 3 cm) and tumour recurrence. Methylation was also associated with significantly shorter survival time compared with unmethylated PCDH17 in patients with bladder cancer, and was an independent predictor of overall survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PCDH17 promoter methylation is closely associated with bladder cancer malignancy and may be used as an independent predictor of clinical outcomes in patients with bladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tianjin People's Hospital, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Bo
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ying-Li
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Zhi-Gang
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jian-Hua
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jian-Guo
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics; D015820:Cadherins / Q000235:genetics*; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019175:DNA Methylation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000235:genetics*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000473:pathology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D015820:Cadherins; C529349:PCDH17 protein, human
keywords: PCDH17; Protocadherin 17; bladder cancer; promoter methylation