title: Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis infection augments innate immune responses following intestinal epithelial injury.
abstract: We wanted to determine if augmented innate immune activation is associated with lesion development in a mycobacterial enhanced intestinal injury model. We evaluated the local immune response in a Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis + dextran sulfate sodium (Map + DSS) model using BALB/c and severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. Map + DSS BALB/c and SCID mice displayed a similar disease phenotype. Moreover, Map + DSS SCID mice had increased expression of interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and increased numbers of F4/80 positive cells. Additionally, Map antigen is co-localized with iNOS and IL-1β positive cells. This suggests that subclinical Map infection promotes innate immune activation following injury to the intestinal epithelium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1250, USA.
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wannemuehler
authors.forename: Jesse
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hostetter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002432:Cecum / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016513:Mice, SCID; D016927:Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*; D010283:Paratuberculosis / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D016264:Dextran Sulfate
keywords: Dextran sulfate sodium; Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis; enhanced intestinal inflammation; innate cytokines; subclinical infection