title: Effects of chlorpyrifos on glutathione S-transferase in migratory locust, Locusta migratoria.
abstract: Chlorpyrifos is a typical organophosphate pesticide and is among the most widely used worldwide. The objective of the present investigation was to assess the effect of chlorpyrifos exposure on glutathione S-transferase in Locusta migratoria. In the present study, chlorpyrifos (0.1, 0.2, and 0.4mgg(-1) body weight) was topically applied in the abdomen of locusts. The GST activity, mRNA levels of ten L. migratoria GSTs and protein levels of four representative GSTs were detected. The results showed that chlorpyrifos treatment caused significant decrease of 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene (DCNB) and p-nitro-benzyl chloride (p-NBC) activities, whereas 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) activity was not altered in locusts. The mRNA levels of seven L. migratoria GSTs, including LmGSTs2, LmGSTs3, LmGSTs4, LmGSTs5, LmGSTs6, LmGSTt1, and LmGSTu1, were decreased after chlorpyrifos exposure. The protein levels of LmGSTs5, LmGSTt1 and LmGSTu1 were significantly decreased at higher doses of chlorpyrifos. However, chlorpyrifos elevated the mRNA and protein expression of LmGSTd1. It indicated that LmGSTd1 might contribute to the resistance of locust to organophosphate pesticides such as chlorpyrifos, whereas the decrease in other GSTs might be an economic compensation by the insect to differentially regulate the expression of enzymes involved in the detoxification of insecticides on the expense of those that are not.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China; The College of Environmental Science and Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China.
authors.forename: Guohua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China.
authors.forename: Yaping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China.
authors.forename: Xueyao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China. Electronic address: maenbo2003@sxu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Enbo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China. Electronic address: zjz@sxu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jianzhen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048188:Locusta migratoria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019476:Insect Proteins; D007306:Insecticides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D004390:Chlorpyrifos
keywords: Chlorpyrifos; Glutathione S-transferase; Locusta migratoria; Migratory locust