title: The activated SA and JA signaling pathways have an influence on flg22-triggered oxidative burst and callose deposition.
abstract: The first line of defense in plants against pathogens is induced by the recognition of microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMP). Perception of bacterial flagellin (flg22) by the pattern recognition receptor flagellin-sensing 2 (FLS2) is the best characterized MAMP response, although the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Here we studied the relationship between salicylic acid (SA) or jasmonic acid (JA) signaling and FLS2-mediated signaling by monitoring flg22-triggered responses in known SA or JA related mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. The sid2 mutant, impaired in SA biosynthesis, had less basal FLS2 mRNA accumulation than the wild type, which correlated with suppression of early flg22 responses such as ROS production and induction of marker genes, WRKY29 and FRK1. The JA-signaling mutants, jar1 and coi1, exhibited an enhanced flg22-triggered oxidative burst and more callose accumulation than the wild type, and pretreatment with SA or coronatine (COR), a structural mimic of JA-isoleucine, altered these flg22-induced responses. Nonexpressor of pathogenesis-related genes 1 (NPR1) acted downstream of SID2 and required SA-dependent priming for the enhanced flg22-triggered oxidative burst and callose deposition. Activation of JA signaling by COR pretreatment suppressed the flg22-triggered oxidative burst and callose accumulation in a coronatine insensitive 1 (COI1) dependent manner. COR had a negative effect on flg22 responses but only the flg22-triggered oxidative burst depended on SA-JA/COR signaling antagonism. Thus the activated SA and JA signaling pathways have an influence on flg22-triggered oxidative burst and callose deposition. These results may explain how SA and JA signaling are cross talked for regulation of flg22-triggered responses.
authors.affiliation: Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: So Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: Plant Immunity Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shirasu
authors.affiliation: Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Sun
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Biochemicals and Synthetic Biology Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Goo
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Suk-Yoon
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kwon
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005408:Flagellin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D005936:Glucans / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019751:Intramolecular Transferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009713:Nucleotidyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D016897:Respiratory Burst / Q000235:genetics*; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics*; D010453:Peptide Synthases
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D005408:Flagellin; D005936:Glucans; D019751:Intramolecular Transferases; D009713:Nucleotidyltransferases; D054883:Oxylipins; D011494:Protein Kinases; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D020156:Salicylic Acid; C112279:COI1 protein, Arabidopsis; C105496:NPR1 protein, Arabidopsis; C011006:jasmonic acid; C048306:callose; C587207:FRK1 protein, Arabidopsis; C411853:FLS2 protein, Arabidopsis; C058486:isochorismate synthase; C412831:AT2G46370 protein, Arabidopsis; D010453:Peptide Synthases