title: Long-term follow-up of children who underwent severe hypospadias repair using an online survey with validated questionnaires.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Few studies of hypospadias repair in childhood have used validated questionnaires to investigate outcomes of cosmesis, urinary function, and sexual function in adulthood. We sought to investigate long-term outcomes in adult patients who had undergone severe hypospadias repair as children using an existing web-based application available to multiple institutions in order to develop an online patient survey of previously validated questionnaires.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients aged 18 years or older who underwent severe hypospadias repair between 1992 and 1997 at our institution were contacted to complete an online survey. Through medical chart reviews, we analyzed the location of meatus, type of repair, and complications. The online survey included questions about penile appearance, and validated questionnaires to assess urinary and sexual function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 58 patients who met the inclusion criteria, we contacted 19, and 13 completed the survey. Fifty-nine percent had complications, with an average of 2.2 procedures per patient. Most (85.0%) were satisfied with penile appearance, although 38.0% had residual penile curvature. Hypospadias patients had mean lower orgasmic function than normal controls. Mean scores for urinary function and other domains of sexual function were similar to normal controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the majority of adult patients were satisfied with the outcomes of penile appearance, urinary function, and sexual function, our online survey suggests decreased lower orgasmic function as measured by validated questionnaire. An online survey accessible to multiple institutions with validated questionnaires may facilitate assessment of long-term hypospadias results.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Urology, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, 4012 Doctors' Office Tower, 2200 Children's Way, Nashville, TN 37232-9820, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Fraumann
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Urology, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, 4012 Doctors' Office Tower, 2200 Children's Way, Nashville, TN 37232-9820, USA.
authors.forename: Heidi A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Stephany
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Urology, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, 4012 Doctors' Office Tower, 2200 Children's Way, Nashville, TN 37232-9820, USA.
authors.forename: Douglass B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Clayton
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Urology, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, 4012 Doctors' Office Tower, 2200 Children's Way, Nashville, TN 37232-9820, USA.
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Urology, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, 4012 Doctors' Office Tower, 2200 Children's Way, Nashville, TN 37232-9820, USA.
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Pope
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Urology, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, 4012 Doctors' Office Tower, 2200 Children's Way, Nashville, TN 37232-9820, USA.
authors.forename: Mark C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Urology, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, 4012 Doctors' Office Tower, 2200 Children's Way, Nashville, TN 37232-9820, USA.
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Brock
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Urology, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, 4012 Doctors' Office Tower, 2200 Children's Way, Nashville, TN 37232-9820, USA. Electronic address: stacy.tanaka@vanderbilt.edu.
authors.forename: Stacy T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007021:Hypospadias / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010410:Penile Erection / Q000502:physiology*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013521:Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Hypospadias; Patient outcome assessment; Questionnaires