title: Early-stage non-small cell lung cancer: surgery, stereotactic radiosurgery, and individualized adjuvant therapy.
abstract: Despite cures in early stage (IA-IIB) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the 5-year survival rate is only 36%-73%. Surgical resection via lobectomy is the treatment of choice in early-stage NSCLC, with the goal being complete anatomic resection of the tumor and mediastinal lymph node evaluation. Newer technologies, including the minimally invasive thoracoscopic approach and the many techniques available to stage the mediastinum, have introduced advantages over traditional approaches in achieving this goal. The advent of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) has changed how we treat those patients who cannot undergo surgery secondary to comorbidities or patient preference. SABR allows for precise radiation delivery in a short course and at high doses. Adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy is the standard of care for completely resected high-risk stage IB and stage II NSCLC based on a ~5% improvement in 5-year overall survival. The concept of customized adjuvant chemotherapy is emerging, and we will explore the potential value of targeting tumor mutations with available drugs (ie, epidermal growth factor receptor [EGFR] mutations with erlotinib), a strategy that for the moment should be restricted to clinical trials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.
authors.forename: Sukhmani K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Padda
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.
authors.forename: Bryan M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Burt
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Trakul
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA. Electronic address: hwakelee@stanford.edu.
authors.forename: Heather A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Wakelee
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000401:mortality*; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D057285:Precision Medicine; D011379:Prognosis; D016634:Radiosurgery / Q000401:mortality*; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor