title: Regulation of physicochemical properties, osteogenesis activity, and fibroblast growth factor-2 release ability of β-tricalcium phosphate for bone cement by calcium silicate.
abstract: β-Tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) is an osteoconductive material. For this research we have combined it with a low degradation calcium silicate (CS) to enhance its bioactive and osteostimulative properties. To check its effectiveness, a series of β-TCP/CS composites with different ratios were prepared to make new bioactive and biodegradable biocomposites for bone repair. Formation of bone-like apatite, the diametral tensile strength, and weight loss of composites were considered before and after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF). In addition, we also examined the effects of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) released from β-TCP/CS composites and in vitro human dental pulp cell (hDPC) and studied its behavior. The results showed that the apatite deposition ability of the β-TCP/CS composites was enhanced as the CS content was increased. For composites with more than 50% CS contents, the samples were completely covered by a dense bone-like apatite layer. At the end of the immersion point, weight losses of 19%, 24%, 33%, 42%, and 51% were observed for the composites containing 0%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 100% β-TCP cements, respectively. In vitro cell experiments show that the CS-rich composites promote human dental pulp cell (hDPC) proliferation and differentiation. However, when the CS quantity in the composite is less than 70%, the amount of cells and osteogenesis protein of hDPCs was stimulated by FGF-2 released from β-TCP/CS composites. The combination of FGF-2 in degradation of β-TCP and osteogenesis of CS gives a strong reason to believe that these calcium-based composite cements may prove to be promising bone repair materials.
authors.affiliation: Antai Medical Care Cooperation Antai Tian-Sheng Memorial Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ching-Chuan
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Tze
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chi-Jr
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Dental Department, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Jyun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. Electronic address: thh@csmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Tsui-Hsien
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oral Science, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. Electronic address: eviltacasi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ming-You
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Shie
mesh_terms: D001843:Bone Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D051497:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001843:Bone Cements; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D017640:Silicates; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; C496353:FGFR2 protein, human; D051497:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2; C031293:calcium silicate
keywords: Biocomposites; Calcium silicate; Fibroblast growth factor-2; Osteogenic marker; β-Tricalcium phosphate