title: The role of cerebellar volume in cognition in the general elderly population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is unknown whether the cerebellum affects cognitive function in an aging community-dwelling population. In a population-based study on 3745 nondemented individuals aged 45 years and above, we investigated the relationship between cerebellar volume and cognitive function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Brain volumes were obtained using automatic tissue segmentation of magnetic resonance imaging scans. Cognitive functioning was assessed using MMSE and cognitive compound scores of global cognition, executive function, information processing speed, memory, and motor speed. Linear regression modeling was used to study the associations between cerebellar volumes and cognitive measures, independent of cerebral volumes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found a relationship between larger cerebellar volume and better global cognition, executive function, information processing speed, and motor speed. After adjustment for cerebral volume, only cerebellar gray matter volume remained borderline significantly associated with global cognition and information processing speed. After Bonferroni correction, the few associations found between cerebellar volume and cognition disappeared.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We only found a minor relationship between larger cerebellar volume and better cognition in healthy older adults, which further attenuated after correcting for cerebral volume. Our findings support the notion that cerebellar volume has an influence on cognition in aging, but that it is not the major leading structure.
authors.affiliation: Departments of *Epidemiology †Radiology ‡Neuroscience §Medical Informatics ¶Neurology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam ∥Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Yoo Young
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Hoogendam
authors.forename: Jos N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: van der Geest
authors.forename: Wiro J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Niessen
authors.forename: Aad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van der Lugt
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hofman
authors.forename: Meike W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Vernooij
authors.forename: Mohammad A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ikram
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000523:psychology*; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests