title: Tolcapone addition improves Parkinson's disease associated nonmotor symptoms.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Addition of catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors to a conventional levodopa/dopadecarboxylase inhibitor regimen improves motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease. Optimizing dopamine substitution is also beneficial for nonmotor features.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the efficacy of supplemental tolcapone intake on nonmotor symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 125 levodopa-treated patients additionally took tolcapone in this observational trial. Initially and following 4 weeks of tolcapone intake, the neurologist scored with Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale parts I, II, IV, the nonmotor symptoms scale for Parkinson's disease and recorded the off time. The patients rated themselves with the EuroQuol, its visual analogue scale and the nonmotor screening questionnaire. Caregivers reported the daily duration of care giving.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All scores improved except for Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part IV and domains 4, 5 and 8 of the nonmotor symptoms scale for Parkinson's disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This trial demonstrates that tolcapone addition may improve nonmotor features.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, St Joseph Hospital Berlin-Weissensee, Gartenstr. 1, 13088 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Müller
keywords: Parkinson’s disease; nonmotor symptoms; tolcapone