title: Rapid detection of chemical hazards (toxins, dioxins, and PCBs) in seafood.
abstract: Among the various hazards occurring in fish and seafood chemical hazards and in particular toxins (ciguatera, scombroid fish poisoning, paralytic shellfish poisoning, neurotoxic (brevetoxic) shellfish poisoning, puffer fish poisoning, diarrhetic shellfish poisoning) have an important place in food poisoning cases. On the other hand, some of the chemical hazards are often due to the pollution of the environment (heavy metals, dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls, and halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons) and their detection is neither rapid nor facile. As a result there was a great need for developing new rapid and effective methods toward the chemical hazards determination mainly because of their high toxicity. The aim of this review is to provide the information about the new up-to-date detection techniques (Immunological, Chemical and Biochemical, and Molecular assays) in conjunction with detection limits. The latter is made possible by means of inclusion of seven comprehensive and, in most case cases, very extended tables. A reference is also made on the risk characterization of toxins as regards their importance to food contamination or poisoning.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Agriculture Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, Faculty of Agriculture , University of Thessaly, Fytokou Str, Nea Ionia Magnessias , Volos 38446 , Hellas , Greece.
authors.forename: Ioannis S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Arvanitoyannis
authors.forename: Konstantinos V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Kotsanopoulos
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Papadopoulou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay; D002845:Chromatography; D004147:Dioxins / Q000032:analysis*; D005399:Fishes; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D005517:Foodborne Diseases; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay; D007158:Immunologic Techniques; D008387:Marine Toxins / Q000032:analysis*; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017747:Seafood / Q000032:analysis*; D012758:Shellfish / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D004147:Dioxins; D008387:Marine Toxins; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls