title: Blood biochemical profile of very preterm infants before and after trophic feeding with exclusive human milk or with formula milk.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether feeding type of trophic feeds affect haematological and biochemical markers in the very preterm infant.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-six very preterm infants were enrolled in this retrospective study (30 infants were included in the only human milk-fed group and 26 in the formula-fed group). Routine haematological and biochemical variables were collected in both groups on days 1 and 4 of life and fourteen serum markers were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences between the two groups before starting trophic feeds. After starting trophic feeds, sodium and lactate levels were significantly higher in the human milk-fed group compared with those measured in the formula-fed group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study demonstrates that supplementation of minimal enteral feeding with human milk does affect biochemical profiles in very preterm infants. Small amounts of enteral feedings of formula and/or human milk may result in different metabolic responses; these differences are reflected by different serum biochemistries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Hospital de la Santa Cruz y San Pablo, 90 Mas Casanovas St., 08041 Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: drsverd@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Verd
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital de la Santa Cruz y San Pablo, 90 Mas Casanovas St., 08041 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Maríajosé
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: García
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology, Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Son Espases, Valldemossa Road 79, 07010 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital de la Santa Cruz y San Pablo, 90 Mas Casanovas St., 08041 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Eli
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Moliner
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital de la Santa Cruz y San Pablo, 90 Mas Casanovas St., 08041 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: López
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital de la Santa Cruz y San Pablo, 90 Mas Casanovas St., 08041 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ginovart
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D041943:Infant Formula / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008895:Milk, Human; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D019344:Lactic Acid; D012964:Sodium
keywords: Acidosis; Breast milk; Ions; Minimal enteral nutrition; Preterm infant