title: Genetic dysbiosis: the role of microbial insults in chronic inflammatory diseases.
abstract: Thousands of bacterial phylotypes colonise the human body and the host response to this bacterial challenge greatly influences our state of health or disease. The concept of infectogenomics highlights the importance of host genetic factors in determining the composition of human microbial biofilms and the response to this microbial challenge. We hereby introduce the term 'genetic dysbiosis' to highlight the role of human genetic variants affecting microbial recognition and host response in creating an environment conducive to changes in the normal microbiota. Such changes can, in turn, predispose to, and influence, diseases such as: cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, bacterial vaginosis and periodontitis. This review presents the state of the evidence on host genetic factors affecting dysbiosis and microbial misrecognition (i.e. an aberrant response to the normal microbiota) and highlights the need for further research in this area.
authors.affiliation: Periodontology Unit and Department of Clinical Research, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nibali
authors.affiliation: Division of Microbial Diseases, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.affiliation: Institute of Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Syed Tariq
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Sadiq
authors.affiliation: Periodontology Unit and Department of Clinical Research, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Nikos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Donos
keywords: dysbiosis; genetic; inflammation; microbiome