title: Association between susceptibility to advanced pelvic organ prolapse and glutathione S-transferase P1 Ile105Val polymorphism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Oxidative stress is associated with the pathogenesis of pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Because glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are the major detoxification enzymes which protect cells against oxidative stress, genetic variations in the GST gene may modulate the risk of POP. This study aimed to determine the association between advanced POP and the polymorphisms of GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 (rs1695).
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a hospital-based case-control study. The POP group consisted of 189 women diagnosed with POP stage III or IV, and the control group consisted of 156 postmenopausal women with POP stage 0 or I. The GSTM1 and GSTT1 null mutations were detected by multiplex PCR, and the GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism was genotyped by real-time PCR analysis using a TaqMan assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant association between the GSTM1 and GSTT1 null mutations and advanced POP (p>0.05). The distribution of the GSTP1 Ile105Val genotypes, however, was significantly different between the POP and control groups (AA/AG/GG rates=74.1%/25.9%/0% vs. 64.1%/32.1%/3.8%, p=0.008), and the G allele frequency was significantly lower in the POP group than in the control group (13.0% vs. 19.9%, p=0.014). Women with the non-AA genotype had a 0.63-fold lower risk of developing advanced POP than women with the AA genotype (95% CI, 0.39-0.99), and women with the G allele had a 0.60-fold lower risk of advanced POP than women with the A allele (95% CI, 0.40-0.90).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism is a protective factor against advanced POP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Jae
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jeonmj@snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Myung Jae
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Min Woo
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Suhng Wook
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi / Q000235:genetics*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D056887:Pelvic Organ Prolapse / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
chemical_list: D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1; C496556:GSTP1 protein, human
keywords: Glutathione S-transferase; Oxidative stress; Pelvic organ prolapse