title: Interaction of progenitor bone cells with different surface modifications of titanium implant.
abstract: Changes in the physical and chemical properties of Ti surfaces can be attributed to cell performance, which improves surface biocompatibility. The cell proliferation, mineralization ability, and gene expression of progenitor bone cells (D1 cell) were compared on five different Ti surfaces, namely, mechanical grinding (M), electrochemical modification through potentiostatic anodization (ECH), sandblasting and acid etching (SLA), sandblasting, hydrogen peroxide treatment, and heating (SAOH), and sandblasting, alkali heating, and etching (SMART). SAOH treatment produced the most hydrophilic surface, whereas SLA produced the most hydrophobic surface. Cell activity indicated that SLA and SMART produced significantly rougher surfaces and promoted D1 cell attachment within 1 day of culturing, whereas SAOH treatment produced moderate roughness (Ra=1.26μm) and accelerated the D1 cell proliferation up to 7 days after culturing. The ECH surface significantly promoted alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression and osteocalcin (OCN) secretion in the D1 cells compared with the other surface groups. The ECH and SMART-treated Ti surfaces resulted in maximum ALP and OCN expressions during the D1 cell culture. SLA, SAOH, and SMART substrate surfaces were rougher and exhibited better cell metabolic responses during the early stage of cell attachment, proliferation, and morphologic expressions within 1 day of D1 cell culture. The D1 cells cultured on the ECH and SMART substrates exhibited higher differentiation, and higher ALP and OCN expressions after 10 days of culture. Thus, the ECH and SMART treatments promote better ability of cell mineralization in vitro, which demonstrate their great potential for clinical use.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Medical Devices and Composites Laboratory, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, College of Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan. Electronic address: wencchen@fcu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Wen-Cheng
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Advanced Medical Devices and Composites Laboratory, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, College of Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ya-Shun
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Advanced Medical Devices and Composites Laboratory, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, College of Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan; Dental Medical Devices and Materials Research Center, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Ling
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.affiliation: Medical Device Development Division, Metal Industries Research & Development Centre, Kaohsiung 82151, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Medical Device Development Division, Metal Industries Research & Development Centre, Kaohsiung 82151, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tzu-Huang
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: Medical Device Development Division, Metal Industries Research & Development Centre, Kaohsiung 82151, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsien-Nan
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Kuo
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000166:cytology*; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D006801:Humans; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D015675:Osteocalcin; D014025:Titanium; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase
keywords: Cell mineralization; Implant; Roughness; Surface modifications; Titanium (Ti)