title: A base composition analysis of natural patterns for the preprocessing of metagenome sequences.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  On the pretext that sequence reads and contigs often exhibit the same kinds of base usage that is also observed in the sequences from which they are derived, we offer a base composition analysis tool. Our tool uses these natural patterns to determine relatedness across sequence data. We introduce spectrum sets (sets of motifs) which are permutations of bacterial restriction sites and the base composition analysis framework to measure their proportional content in sequence data. We suggest that this framework will increase the efficiency during the pre-processing stages of metagenome sequencing and assembly projects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our method is able to differentiate organisms and their reads or contigs. The framework shows how to successfully determine the relatedness between these reads or contigs by comparison of base composition. In particular, we show that two types of organismal-sequence data are fundamentally different by analyzing their spectrum set motif proportions (coverage). By the application of one of the four possible spectrum sets, encompassing all known restriction sites, we provide the evidence to claim that each set has a different ability to differentiate sequence data. Furthermore, we show that the spectrum set selection having relevance to one organism, but not to the others of the data set, will greatly improve performance of sequence differentiation even if the fragment size of the read, contig or sequence is not lengthy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We show the proof of concept of our method by its application to ten trials of two or three freshly selected sequence fragments (reads and contigs) for each experiment across the six organisms of our set. Here we describe a novel and computationally effective pre-processing step for metagenome sequencing and assembly tasks. Furthermore, our base composition method has applications in phylogeny where it can be used to infer evolutionary distances between organisms based on the notion that related organisms often have much conserved code.
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bonham-Carter
authors.forename: Hesham
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: Dhundy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bastola
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001482:Base Composition; D001483:Base Sequence; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D054892:Metagenome; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial