title: A mushroom extract Piwep from Phellinus igniarius ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by inhibiting immune cell infiltration in the spinal cord.
abstract: The present study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of a mushroom extract from Phellinus igniarius in an animal model of multiple sclerosis. The medicinal mushroom, Phellinus igniarius, contains biologically active compounds that modulate the human immune system. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was induced by immunization with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG 35-55) in C57BL/6 female mice. A water-ethanol extract of Phellinus igniarius (Piwep) was delivered intraperitoneally every other day for the entire experimental course. Three weeks after the initial immunization, demyelination and immune cell infiltration in the spinal cord were examined. Piwep injection profoundly decreased the daily incidence rate and clinical score of EAE. The Piwep-mediated inhibition of the clinical course of EAE was accompanied by suppression of demyelination and infiltration of encephalitogenic immune cells including CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, macrophages, and B cells in the spinal cord. Piwep reduced expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in the spinal cord and integrin-α 4 in the lymph node of EAE mice. Piwep also inhibited proliferation of lymphocytes and secretion of interferon-γ in the lymph node of EAE mice. The results suggest that a mushroom extract, Piwep, may have a high therapeutic potential for ameliorating multiple sclerosis progression.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, 1-Okcheon-dong, 39 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon 200-702, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Guang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, 1-Okcheon-dong, 39 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon 200-702, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Bo Young
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, 1-Okcheon-dong, 39 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon 200-702, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Bong Geom
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, 1-Okcheon-dong, 39 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon 200-702, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Mushroom Research Division, Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, Suwon 441-707, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Gi Ho
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Youl
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, 1-Okcheon-dong, 39 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon 200-702, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Won
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7492-579X
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Republic of Korea ; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, 1-Okcheon-dong, 39 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon 200-702, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyoung Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000363:Agaricales / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D001688:Biological Products / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D004681:Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D039441:Integrin alpha4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D063308:Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D066127:White Matter / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D001688:Biological Products; D063308:Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein; C000593809:Piwep; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D039441:Integrin alpha4