title: Hypothermia decreases postoperative intra-abdominal adhesion formation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hypothermia may decrease postoperative intra-abdominal adhesion. We sought to determine the most suitable temperature for hypothermia for decreasing postoperative adhesion formation.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and twenty male BALB/c mice weighing 25 to 30 g were randomized into 5 groups: adhesion model with infusion of cold saline at (I) 15°C; (II) 10°C; or (III) 4°C; (IV) adhesion model without infusion of saline; and (V) sham operation without infusion of saline. Adhesion scores, incidence of adhesion, and serum cytokine levels were measured at postoperative days 1, 3, 7, and 14.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adhesion scores among groups I, II, and III did not differ significantly. Interleukin-6 was significantly decreased in groups I, II, and III, compared to the levels in groups IV and V (P < .05). Tumor necrosis factor-α levels in groups I and II were significantly decreased compared to those in groups III, IV, and V (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suggest that 15°C is the appropriate temperature for induction of hypothermia to decrease postoperative intra-abdominal adhesion formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 10016, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Heng-Fu
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 10016, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Cheng-Yi
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 10016, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Meng-Che
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 10016, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tzung-Hsin
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 10016, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, Heping Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Geng-Shiau
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 10016, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Zui-Shen
authors.initials: ZS
authors.lastname: Yen
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 10016, Taiwan. Electronic address: scchen@ntu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Shyr-Chyr
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011897:Random Allocation; D013696:Temperature; D000267:Tissue Adhesions / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines
keywords: Abdominal surgery; Adhesion; Cytokine; Hypothermia