title: Effects of tissue factor, PAR-2 and MMP-9 expression on human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 invasion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to explore the expression of tissue factor (TF), protease activated receptor-2 (PAR-2), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line and influence on invasiveness.
  
  
  METHODS
  Stable MCF-7 cells transfected with TF cDNA and with TF ShRNA were established. TF, PAR-2, and MMP-9 protein expression was analyzed using indirect immunofluorescence and invasiveness was evaluated using a cell invasion test. Effects of an exogenous PAR-2 agonist were also examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TF protein expression significantly differed between the TF cDNA and TF ShRNA groups. MMP-9 protein expression was significantly correlated with TF protein expression, but PAR-2 protein expression was unaffected. The PAR- 2 agonist significantly enhanced MMP-9 expression and slightly increased TF and PAR-2 expression in the TF ShRNA group, but did not significantly affect protein expression in MCF-7 cells transfected with TF cDNA. TF and MMP-9 expression was positively correlated with the invasiveness of tumor cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TF, PAR-2, and MMP-9 affect invasiveness of MCF-7 cells. TF may increase MMP-9 expression by activating PAR-2.
authors.affiliation: Breast Disease Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China E-mail : zjxcn@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Zeng-Mao
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Jian-Xin
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Xue-Ning
authors.initials: XN
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: Lan-Bo
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jing-Ming
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yin-Hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D044464:Receptor, PAR-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D013925:Thromboplastin / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D044464:Receptor, PAR-2; D013925:Thromboplastin; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9