title: (1)H NMR metabolic profiling analysis offers evaluation of Nilestriol treatment in ovariectomised rats.
abstract: Nilestriol (NIL) has been applied to treat menopausal dysfunctions, yet its mechanism has remained unknown. To understand the relationship between the changes in homeostatic metabolites and ovarian oestrogen deficiency syndromes after NIL treatment, proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ((1)H NMR)-based metabonomic technologies were used to analyse a rat model of oestrogen deficiency. An orthogonal partial least-squares regression (OPLS) differentiation model was used on 12-week metabolic analyses of ovariectomised (OVX) rats treated or mock treated with NIL. Furthermore, data analysis using Chenomx software quantified results to identify the most significantly altered metabolite concentrations, allowing for metabolic explanations of the effects of NIL therapies. In this study, PLS results revealed that there are considerably distinct differences between treatment groups. Additionally, a total of 45 metabolites shown to have a high variation between groups were selected for target quantification. Using a one-way LSD ANOVA analysis, 32 metabolite concentrations were significantly altered in the OVX group. A total of 21 metabolites were altered significantly in the NIL-treatment group but later returned to normal. According to the OPLS VIP calculation, the metabolites most affected by NIL treatment were mostly involved in insulin resistance. In addition, abnormal concentration changes in lactate in the NIL-treatment group and 3-indoxylsulfate in the OVX group were observed. To our knowledge, this study is the first to address the molecular mechanism of NIL from a metabonomic perspective, and, more specifically, to establish a catalogue of endo-molecular changes effected by NIL in the regulation of oestrogen deficiency disorder.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Rd, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, PR China; Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27, Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, PR China.
authors.forename: Yan-Ru
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27, Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, PR China. Electronic address: rqhuang@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Rong-Qing
authors.initials: RQ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27, Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, PR China.
authors.forename: Bing-Kun
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27, Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, PR China.
authors.forename: Jian-Yun
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Rd, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, PR China; Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27, Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, PR China. Electronic address: dongjx@vip.sina.com.
authors.forename: Jun-Xing
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Dong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D004964:Estriol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D007200:Indican / Q000032:analysis; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D008593:Menopause / Q000187:drug effects*; D055442:Metabolome / Q000502:physiology*; D055432:Metabolomics; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D010052:Ovariectomy; D011800:Quinestrol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D044967:Serum / Q000737:chemistry; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D019344:Lactic Acid; C010722:nylestriol; D004964:Estriol; D011800:Quinestrol; D007200:Indican
keywords: (1)H NMR; Metabolic profiling; Metabonomic; Nilestriol; Ovariectomy