title: A portable electro-immobilization and laparoscopy system for sex determination and gonadal biopsy in largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides.
abstract: A portable electro-immobilization and laparoscopy system is described that is suitable for sex determination, gonadal biopsy and immediate release of largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides. Continuous direct current at a power density of 52·2 µW cm⁻¹ for 2 min was sufficient to immobilize fish for surgery, but induced a mild, transient hypokalaemia and hyperglycaemia. Insertion of a 4·8 mm laparoscopic instrument set through the urogenital pore provided access to the gonads for examination and biopsy with mild tissue trauma.
authors.affiliation: Maryland Department of Natural Resources, Cooperative Oxford Laboratory, Oxford, MD, 21654, U.S.A.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Matsche
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001492:Bass; D001706:Biopsy; D004560:Electricity; D006066:Gonads; D006943:Hyperglycemia; D007008:Hypokalemia; D007103:Immobilization / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D012732:Sex Determination Analysis
keywords: anaesthesia; endoscopy; immediate release; surgery; urogenital pore