title: Inhibition of striatal-enriched tyrosine phosphatase 61 in the dorsomedial striatum is sufficient to increased ethanol consumption.
abstract: The STriatal-Enriched protein tyrosine Phosphatase 61 (STEP61 ) inhibits the activity of the tyrosine kinase Fyn and dephosphorylates the GluN2B subunit of the NMDA receptor, whereas the protein kinase A phosphorylation of STEP61 inhibits the activity of the phosphatase (Pharmacol. Rev., 64, , p. 65). Previously, we found that ethanol activates Fyn in the dorsomedial striatum (DMS) leading to GluN2B phosphorylation, which, in turn, underlies the development of ethanol intake (J. Neurosci., 30, , p. 10187). Here, we tested the hypothesis that inhibition of STEP61 by ethanol is upstream of Fyn/GluN2B. We show that exposure of mice to ethanol increased STEP61 phosphorylation in the DMS, which was maintained after withdrawal and was not observed in other striatal regions. Specific knockdown of STEP61 in the DMS of mice enhanced ethanol-mediated Fyn activation and GluN2B phosphorylation, and increased ethanol intake without altering the level of water, saccharine, quinine consumption or spontaneous locomotor activity. Together, our data suggest that blockade of STEP61 activity in response to ethanol is sufficient for the activation of the Fyn/GluN2B pathway in the DMS. Being upstream of Fyn and GluN2B, inactive STEP61 in the DMS primes the induction of ethanol intake. We show that ethanol-mediated inhibition of STEP61 in the DMS leads to Fyn activation and GluN2B phosphorylation. (a) Under basal conditions, active STEP61 inhibits Fyn activity and dephosphorylates GluN2B. (b) Ethanol leads to the phosphorylation of STEP61 on a specific inhibitory site. The inhibition of STEP61 activity contributes to the activation of Fyn in response to ethanol, which, in turn, phosphorylates GluN2B. These molecular adaptations in the DMS promote ethanol drinking.
authors.affiliation: The Gallo Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Darcq
authors.forename: Sami Ben
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Hamida
authors.forename: Su
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Khanky
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Phamluong
authors.forename: Viktor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kharazia
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lombroso
authors.forename: Dorit
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ron
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology*; D000818:Animals; D019138:Antibodies, Blocking / Q000494:pharmacology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002755:Choice Behavior; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016086:Lentivirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D017072:Neostriatum / Q000201:enzymology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000502:physiology; D011803:Quinine / Q000494:pharmacology; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D012439:Saccharin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D019138:Antibodies, Blocking; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D011803:Quinine; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; C000591055:striatal-enriched tyrosine phosphatase 61, mouse; D012439:Saccharin
keywords: addiction; alcohol; ethanol; phosphatase; phosphorylation; striatum