title: Complete genome sequence of Enterococcus mundtii QU 25, an efficient L-(+)-lactic acid-producing bacterium.
abstract: Enterococcus mundtii QU 25, a non-dairy bacterial strain of ovine faecal origin, can ferment both cellobiose and xylose to produce l-lactic acid. The use of this strain is highly desirable for economical l-lactate production from renewable biomass substrates. Genome sequence determination is necessary for the genetic improvement of this strain. We report the complete genome sequence of strain QU 25, primarily determined using Pacific Biosciences sequencing technology. The E. mundtii QU 25 genome comprises a 3 022 186-bp single circular chromosome (GC content, 38.6%) and five circular plasmids: pQY182, pQY082, pQY039, pQY024, and pQY003. In all, 2900 protein-coding sequences, 63 tRNA genes, and 6 rRNA operons were predicted in the QU 25 chromosome. Plasmid pQY024 harbours genes for mundticin production. We found that strain QU 25 produces a bacteriocin, suggesting that mundticin-encoded genes on plasmid pQY024 were functional. For lactic acid fermentation, two gene clusters were identified-one involved in the initial metabolism of xylose and uptake of pentose and the second containing genes for the pentose phosphate pathway and uptake of related sugars. This is the first complete genome sequence of an E. mundtii strain. The data provide insights into lactate production in this bacterium and its evolution among enterococci.
authors.affiliation: Genome Research Center, NODAI Research Institute, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuh
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shiwa
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yanase
authors.affiliation: Electronics-Inspired Interdisciplinary Research Institute (EIIRIS), Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirose
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Division of Applied Molecular Microbiology and Biomass Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Shohei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Satomi
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Araya-Kojima
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Division of Applied Molecular Microbiology and Biomass Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zendo
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Taku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chibazakura
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan Department of Environmental Science, Musashino University, 3-3-3 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0063, Japan.
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimizu-Kadota
authors.affiliation: Genome Research Center, NODAI Research Institute, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Division of Applied Molecular Microbiology and Biomass Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan sonomoto@agr.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sonomoto
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001430:Bacteriocins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D016983:Enterococcus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005285:Fermentation; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D020071:Interspersed Repetitive Sequences; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D010802:Phylogeny; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001430:Bacteriocins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; C114588:mundticin; D019344:Lactic Acid; D014640:Vancomycin
keywords: Enterococcus mundtii; l-lactic acid; mundticin; xylose