title: Childhood sexual abuse and HIV-related risks among men who have sex with men in Washington, DC.
abstract: Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) has been reported to be disproportionately higher among men who have sex with men (MSM) than among heterosexual men; it has also been found to be significantly positively associated with HIV status and HIV risk factors, including unprotected anal intercourse. The purpose of this study was to assess the correlates of CSA in a sample of community-recruited MSM, investigate race as a potential effect modifier, and describe the independent association between CSA and HIV infection in Washington, DC. A total of 500 MSM were recruited by venue-based sampling in 2008 as part of the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance. More than one-half of MSM identified as White, while one-third identified as Black. CSA was reported by 17.5 % of the 451 MSM, with the first instance of abuse occurring at a median age of 8.3 (interquartile range = 5.0, 11.0). In multivariable analysis, HIV-positive men were significantly more likely to report a history of CSA compared to HIV-negative men after adjusting for intimate partner violence in the last 12 months, having been arrested in the last 12 months, and depressive symptoms. HIV-positive MSM had more than four times the odds of reporting CSA after controlling for other correlates (aOR = 4.19; 95 % CI 2.26, 7.75). Despite hypothesizing that race modified the effect of CSA on HIV infection we found this was not the case in this sample. More research is needed to investigate the potential pathway between a history of CSA and HIV infection, and how this contributes to driving the HIV epidemic among MSM in Washington, DC.
authors.affiliation: The George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC, USA, glp2@northwestern.edu.
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: Manya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Magnus
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rawls
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: Luz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Montanez
authors.forename: Tiffany
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: West-Ojo
authors.forename: Yujiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Jenevieve
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Opoku
authors.forename: Alan E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Greenberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D002648:Child; D002650:Child Abuse, Sexual / Q000523:psychology*; D004219:District of Columbia / Q000453:epidemiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D020010:Heterosexuality; D018451:Homosexuality, Male; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012306:Risk; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People; D055815:Young Adult