title: Relationships between diabetes and cognitive impairment.
abstract: Epidemics of obesity, diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and cognitive impairment/Alzheimer disease have emerged over the past 3 to 4 decades. These diseases share in common target-organ insulin resistance with a constellation of molecular and biochemical abnormalities that lead to organ/tissue degeneration over time. This article discusses the fundamental links among these diseases and how peripheral organ insulin resistance diseases contribute to cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration. A future role of endocrinologists and diabetologists could be to provide integrative diagnostic and treatment approaches for this collection of diseases that seem to share pathophysiological and pathogenetic bases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Neurology, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA. Electronic address: Suzanne_DeLaMonte_MD@Brown.edu.
authors.forename: Suzanne M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: de la Monte
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism*; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000145:classification / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000145:classification / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*
keywords: Alzheimer disease; Cognitive impairment; Diabetes; Insulin resistance; Insulin sensitizers; Neurodegeneration; Obesity