title: Bone speed of sound throughout lifetime assessed with quantitative ultrasound in a Mexican population.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess the bone speed of sound (SoS) through lifetime of a large Mexican population sample by determining the SoS from the radius and tibia using quantitative ultrasound (QUS). This is a cross-sectional evaluation of participants in the Mexican Health Workers Cohort Study. QUS measurements were performed using Sunlight Omnisense 8000P; Z- and T-scores were calculated for both sexes at the distal third of the radius and midshaft tibia, both on the nondominant side. A locally weighted regression smoothing scatterplot model was used to identify different phases of bone accretion and loss. A total of 9128 participants aged 1-75 yr were measured with QUS. Bone SoS accretion began 5 yr earlier in girls than boys (p<0.05). Maximal SoS or peak bone SoS was noted at 28 yr in the radius and at 22 yr in the tibia. Postmenopausal women (45-50 yr) showed significant SOS decrease at both sites (p<0.05) compared with men. Using the locally weighted regression smoothing scatterplot model, we found 5 different phases that constitute the biological development of bone over the life course, from ages 1-6, 7-12, 12-25, 25-50, and 50-75 yr (p<0.05). Our study shows the age- and sex-dependent changes and different phases of bone development expressed by SoS measurements of the radius and tibia. The values reported in this study can be used as a reference for urban Mexican population.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Infantil de México, Federico Gómez-Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, D.F., México; Centro Médico Nacional S, XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México, D.F., México.
authors.forename: Rodolfo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rivas-Ruiz
authors.affiliation: Hospital Infantil de México, Federico Gómez-Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, D.F., México. Electronic address: patriciaclarkmx@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.affiliation: Centro Médico Nacional S, XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México, D.F., México; Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, México.
authors.forename: Juan O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Talavera
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, México.
authors.forename: Gerardo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Huitrón
authors.affiliation: Comité Mexicano para la Prevención de la Osteoporosis, A.C., México, D.F., México.
authors.forename: Juan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Tamayo
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica y en Servicios de Salud, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México and Centro de Investigación de Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salmerón
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D015519:Bone Density; D001846:Bone Development / Q000502:physiology*; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico; D011884:Radius / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology; D012016:Reference Values; D012737:Sex Factors; D013016:Sound; D013977:Tibia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods; D014505:Urban Population
keywords: Bone health; osteoporosis; quantitative ultrasound; reference values