title: Neonatal head ultrasonography today: a powerful imaging tool!
abstract: Head ultrasonography (HUS) remains an important tool in the initial evaluation of intracranial abnormalities in infants. In experienced hands, HUS is an outstanding tool to detect brain abnormalities in preterm and full-term infants, to follow the progression of these lesions, and to describe the maturation of the infant brain. We believe it is a safe and cost-efficient alternative to magnetic resonance imaging and computerized tomography in many cases. In this article we discuss the HUS techniques that are currently available and are now the standard of care, how to perform them, and what to look for. We describe a variety of findings that may be encountered including hemorrhagic complications of prematurity, hypoxic ischemic brain injury, neonatal stroke, infections, malformations, neoplasms, and a few more rare neonatal pathologies.
authors.affiliation: Section of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Gunes
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Orman
authors.forename: Jane E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Benson
authors.forename: Charlotte F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Kweldam
authors.forename: Thangamadhan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bosemani
authors.forename: Aylin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tekes
authors.forename: M Robert
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: de Jong
authors.forename: Donna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Seyfert
authors.forename: Frances J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Northington
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Poretti
authors.forename: Thierry A G M
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Huisman
mesh_terms: D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D004453:Echoencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006257:Head / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007232:Infant, Newborn, Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D015997:Neonatal Screening / Q000379:methods*; D009421:Nervous System Malformations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Head ultrasonography; neonate; preterm; term neonate