title: Selective ethanolysis of sunflower oil with Lipozyme RM IM, an immobilized Rhizomucor miehei lipase, to obtain a biodiesel-like biofuel, which avoids glycerol production through the monoglyceride formation.
abstract: The obtaining of Ecodiesel, a biofuel applicable to diesel engines which keeps the glycerin as monoglyceride (MG), was achieved through a selective ethanolysis process of sunflower oil, by application of Lipozyme RM IM, a Rhizomucor miehei lipase immobilized on macroporous anion exchange resins. This biocatalyst that was already described in the synthesis of conventional biodiesel has also shown its efficiency in the present selective enzymatic process, after optimization of the influence of various reaction parameters. Thus, an adequate activity is obtained that is maintained throughout five successive reuses. Quantitative conversions of triglycerides (TG) with high yields to fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE) were obtained under mild reaction conditions that correspond to the transformation of TG in a mixture of two moles of FAEE and a mole of MG, thus avoiding the glycerol production. Thus, the selective transesterification reaction of sunflower oil with absolute ethanol can be carried out under standard conditions with oil/ethanol volume ratio 12/3.5 (mL), at constant pH obtained by the addition of 50 μl of aqueous solution of 10 N NaOH, reaction temperature of 40 °C and 40 mg of Lipozyme RM IM. Under these experimental conditions six successive reactions can be efficiently carried out.
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, 14014 Córdoba, Spain. Electronic address: p72camaj@uco.es.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Calero
authors.affiliation: Crystallographic Studies Laboratory, Andalusian Institute of Earth Sciences, CSIC, Avd. Las Palmeras, n°4, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Cristóbal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Verdugo
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, 14014 Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Luna
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Severo Ochoa, 14014 Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Enrique D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Sancho
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, 14014 Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Luna
authors.affiliation: Seneca Green Catalyst S.A., Edif. Centauro, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Córdoba, Rabanales 21, 14014 Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Posadillo
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, 14014 Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Felipa M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Bautista
authors.affiliation: Crystallographic Studies Laboratory, Andalusian Institute of Earth Sciences, CSIC, Avd. Las Palmeras, n°4, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Romero
mesh_terms: D056804:Biofuels; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000378:metabolism*; D004980:Ethane / Q000378:metabolism*; D005990:Glycerol / Q000378:metabolism*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008049:Lipase / Q000378:metabolism*; D050178:Monoglycerides / Q000378:metabolism*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000378:metabolism*; D000074242:Sunflower Oil
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D050178:Monoglycerides; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; C093666:Lipozyme; D008049:Lipase; D004980:Ethane; D005990:Glycerol