title: Molecular targeting agents associated with transarterial chemoembolization or radiofrequency ablation in hepatocarcinoma treatment.
abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cause of cancer in the world. According to Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer modified criteria, patients with early stage disease are candidate to radiofrequency ablation (RFA), while patients with intermediate stage HCC are usually treated by transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). TACE and RFA induce a transient devascularisation effect followed by strong neo-angiogenic stimulus. In fact, after these procedures, it has been demonstrated an up-regulation of pro-angiogenic and growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor-A, which might contribute to accelerated progression in patients with incomplete response. Several studies have demonstrated that MAP-kinase and AKT pathways, in addition to neo-angiogenesis, have an important role in the development of HCC. In advanced HCC, anti-angiogenic therapy and tyrosine kinases inhibitors showed potential clinical benefit. Actually, a number of clinical studies are ongoing testing these agents in combination with TACE or RFA. In this paper, we have reviewed the most recent preclinical and clinical results of such trials.
authors.affiliation: Girolamo Ranieri, Ilaria Marech, Veronica Goffredo, Cosmo Damiano Gadaleta, Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124 Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Girolamo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ranieri
authors.affiliation: Girolamo Ranieri, Ilaria Marech, Veronica Goffredo, Cosmo Damiano Gadaleta, Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124 Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Marech
authors.affiliation: Girolamo Ranieri, Ilaria Marech, Veronica Goffredo, Cosmo Damiano Gadaleta, Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124 Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Vito
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lorusso
authors.affiliation: Girolamo Ranieri, Ilaria Marech, Veronica Goffredo, Cosmo Damiano Gadaleta, Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124 Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Goffredo
authors.affiliation: Girolamo Ranieri, Ilaria Marech, Veronica Goffredo, Cosmo Damiano Gadaleta, Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124 Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paradiso
authors.affiliation: Girolamo Ranieri, Ilaria Marech, Veronica Goffredo, Cosmo Damiano Gadaleta, Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124 Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ribatti
authors.affiliation: Girolamo Ranieri, Ilaria Marech, Veronica Goffredo, Cosmo Damiano Gadaleta, Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124 Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Cosmo Damiano
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Gadaleta
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
keywords: Angiogenesis; Chemoembolization therapeutic; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Molecular targeting agents; Radiofrequency treatment; Sorafenib