title: Magnetic resonance imaging of bone and muscle traits at the hip: an in vivo precision study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the in vivo precision of MRI-based measures of bone and muscle traits at the hip.
  
  
  METHODS
  Left proximal femoral neck and shaft of 14 participants (5M:9 F; age:21-68) were scanned 3 times using a 1.5 T MRI. Commercial and custom image processing methods were used to derive bone geometry and strength traits at the proximal femoral neck and shaft along with muscle area of various muscle groups at the shaft site. For precision, root mean square coefficients of variation (CV%rms) and standard deviations (SDrms) were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the femoral neck, CV%rms for area-based bone measures ranged between 1.7-5.0%; CV%rms for cortical thickness varied from 4.7 to 5.6%; and CV%rms for bending, torsional and buckling-based strength indices ranged between 4.6-7.1%. At the femoral shaft, CV%rms for bone area ranged between 1.2-3.0%; CV%rms for cortical thickness varied from 1.7 to 2.0%; and CV%rms for bending and buckling-based strength indices ranged between 1.4-3.1%. For muscle area, CV%rms ranged between 1.3-4.5%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MRI-based measures of bone and muscle traits at the proximal femoral neck and shaft demonstrated in vivo precision errors <7.1%. MRI is a promising 3D technique for monitoring changes in bone and muscle at the clinically important hip.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Dolovich
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Leswick
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Kontulainen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005272:Femur Neck / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006615:Hip; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D055815:Young Adult