title: Structural characteristics and crystalline properties of lotus seed resistant starch and its prebiotic effects.
abstract: Lotus seed resistant starch (LRS) is a type of retrograded starch that is commonly known as resistant starch type 3 (RS3). The structural and crystalline properties of unpurified LRS (NP-LRS3), enzyme purified LRS after drying (GP-LRS3), and enzyme purified LRS (ZP-LRS3) were characterized. The result showed that the molecular weights of NP-LRS3, GP-LRS3, and ZP-LRS3 were 0.102 × 10(6), 0.014 × 10(6), and 0.025 × 10(6)Da, respectively. Compared with native starch and high amylose maize starch (HAMS), LRS lacked the polarization cross and the irregularly shaped LRS granules had a rougher surface, B-type crystal structure, and greater level of molecular order. The FT-IR measurements indicated no differences in the chemical groups. Analysis by (13)C NMR indicated an increased propensity for double helix formation and higher crystallinity in LRS than in the two other types of starch. Moreover, LRS was more effective than either glucose or HAMS in promoting the proliferation of bifidobacteria.
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Institute of Food Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Institute of Food Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
authors.forename: Hongliang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Institute of Food Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
authors.forename: Shaoxiao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Institute of Food Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China. Electronic address: zbdfst@163.com.
authors.forename: Baodong
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D001644:Bifidobacterium / Q000254:growth & development; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D000070116:Lotus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D056692:Prebiotics / Q000032:analysis*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013213:Starch / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D056692:Prebiotics; D013213:Starch
keywords: Bifidobacteria proliferation; Crystalline properties; Lotus seed resistant starch; Structural characteristics