title: Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies in a Japanese boy with recurrent optic neuritis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) localizes on the outermost surface of the myelin sheath and oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS). Autoantibodies against MOG are reportedly found in patients with spectrum of inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the CNS, including acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, multiple sclerosis, and neuromyelitis optica. In addition, recent studies have emphasized an association between anti-MOG antibodies and optic neuritis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present the first case report of a 7-year-old Japanese boy who was positive for anti-MOG antibodies. He experienced four episodes of unilateral optic neuritis and one seizure event. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed T2-hyperintense lesions in the subcortical white matter and midbrain. Although he fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis, recombinant interferon beta did not prevent recurrence. Established cell-based immunoassays revealed that he was positive for anti-MOG antibodies and negative for anti-aquaporin 4 antibodies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our case report supports the relationship between anti-MOG antibodies and recurrent optic neuritis. Additional studies are needed to establish the clinical significance of anti-MOG antibodies for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurology, National Hospital Organization, Utano National Hospital, Japan. Electronic address: sweetceron@yahoo.co.jp.
authors.forename: Rie S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Tsuburaya
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Tenri Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Kanazawa Medical University, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Tenri Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kageyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurology, National Hospital Organization, Utano National Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Irahara
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurology, National Hospital Organization, Utano National Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Souichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mukaida
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurology, National Hospital Organization, Utano National Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shiraishi
authors.affiliation: Multiple Sclerosis Center, National Hospital Organization, Utano National Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D044466:Asian People; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000276:immunology; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D063308:Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein / Q000276:immunology*; D009902:Optic Neuritis / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D012008:Recurrence
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D001324:Autoantigens; C571326:MOG protein, human; D063308:Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein
keywords: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis; Multiple sclerosis; Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG); Neuromyelitis optica; Optic neuritis