title: Effect of Citrus bergamia juice on human neuroblastoma cells in vitro and in metastatic xenograft models.
abstract: Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial pediatric solid tumor with poor prognosis in children with disseminated stage of disease. A number of studies show that molecules largely distributed in commonly consumed fruits and vegetables may have anti-tumor activity. In this study we evaluate the effect of Citrus bergamia (bergamot) juice (BJ) in vitro and in a spontaneous metastatic neuroblastoma SCID mouse model. Qualitative and quantitative characterizations of BJ flavonoid fractions were performed by RP-HPLC/PDA/MS. We show that BJ significantly affects SK-N-SH and LAN-1 cell proliferation in vitro, but fails to reduce primary tumor weight in vivo. Moreover, BJ reduced cell adhesiveness and invasion of LAN-1 and SK-N-SH cells in vitro and the number of pulmonary metastases under consideration of the number of tumor cells in the blood in mice inoculated with LAN-1 cells in vivo. These effects without any apparent sign of systemic toxicity confirm the potential clinical interest of BJ and lay the basis for further investigation in cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Drug Sciences and Health Products, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Navarra
authors.affiliation: Department of Drug Sciences and Health Products, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ursino
authors.affiliation: Department of Drug Sciences and Health Products, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ferlazzo
authors.affiliation: Department of Drug Sciences and Health Products, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schumacher
authors.affiliation: Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany. Electronic address: valentiner@uke.de.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Valentiner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001628:Beverages; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002957:Citrus / Q000737:chemistry*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D064593:Heterografts; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids
keywords: Bergamot juice; Cell proliferation; Metastasis; Neuroblastoma; Xenograft model