title: Mental health of adults treated in adolescence with scoliosis-specific exercise program or observed for idiopathic scoliosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine general mental health in adult males and females, who in adolescence participated in a scoliosis-specific therapeutic exercise program or were under observation due to diagnosis of scoliosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Registry-based, cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-eight subjects (43 women) aged 30.10 (25-39) years, with mild or moderate scoliosis (11-36° Cobb angle), and 76 (38 women) nonscoliotic subjects, aged 30.11 (24-38) years, participated. The time period since the end of the exercise or observation regimes was 16.5 (12-26) years. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) scores were analyzed with the χ(2) and U tests. Multiple regression analyses for confounders were also performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intergroup differences of demographic characteristics were nonsignificant. Scoliosis, gender, participation in the exercise program, employment, and marital status were associated with BDI scores. The presence of scoliosis and participation in the exercise program manifested association with the symptoms. Higher GHQ-28 "somatic symptoms" subscale scores interacted with the education level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings correspond to the reports of a negative impact of the diagnosis of scoliosis and treatment on mental health. The decision to introduce a therapeutic program in children with mild deformities should be made with judgment of potential benefits, risks, and harm.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physical Education in Biała Podlaska, Institute of Physiotherapy, Warsaw University School of Physical Education, Akademicka 2, 21-500 Biała Podlaska, Poland.
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Płaszewski
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physical Education in Biała Podlaska, Institute of Physiotherapy, Warsaw University School of Physical Education, Akademicka 2, 21-500 Biała Podlaska, Poland.
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cieśliński
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Physiotherapy, Jagiellonian University, Michałowskiego 12, 31-126 Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nowobilski
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Medical Sciences of Poznan, 28 Czerwca 1956r. No. 135/147, 61-545 Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kotwicki
authors.affiliation: Centre of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery, J. Fałata 2, 43-360 Bystra, Poland.
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Terech
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 21A, 31-501 Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Mariusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Furgał
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy