title: Urine annexin A1 as an index for glomerular injury in patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We recently demonstrated high urine levels of annexin A1 (ANXA1) protein in a mouse Adriamycin-induced glomerulopathy (ADG) model.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To establish ANXA1 as a potential biomarker for glomerular injury in patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A time-course study in the mouse ADG model, followed by renal tissues and urine samples from patients with various types of glomerular disorders for ANXA1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Urinary ANXA1 protein was (1) detectable in both the ADG model and in patients except those with minimal change disease (MCD); (2) positively correlated with renal lesions in patients; and (3) early detectable in diabetes patients with normoalbuminuria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ANXA1 is a universal biomarker that is helpful in the early diagnosis, prognostic prediction, and outcome monitoring of glomerular injury. Measurement of urinary ANXA1 protein levels can help in differentiating MCD from other types of glomerular disorders.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shuk-Man
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6013-4401
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ka
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Pharmacology, Development Center for Biotechnology, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Pei-Yi
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tai-Kuang
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shun-Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Jen
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5318-9001
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jin-Shuen
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hao-Ai
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Shui
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017305:Annexin A1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000652:urine*; D017306:Annexin A2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000652:urine; D004317:Doxorubicin; D005921:Glomerulonephritis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans; D007672:Kidney Cortex / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009402:Nephrosis, Lipoid / Q000652:urine; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C472822:ANXA2 protein, human; D017305:Annexin A1; D017306:Annexin A2; D015415:Biomarkers; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D004317:Doxorubicin