title: Tissue-specific recovery of oxidative and antioxidant effects of chlorpyrifos in the freshwater crab, Barytelphusa guerini.
abstract: Chlorpyrifos (CPF), an organophosphate widely applied in agriculture and aquaculture, induces oxidative stress due to free-radical generation and changes in the antioxidant defense system. The present study investigated the short-term effect of CPF exposure on the oxidative and antioxidant systems and their recovery responses in metabolically active tissues (gills, hepatopancreas [HP], and leg muscle) of freshwater crab Barytelphusa guerini. Crabs were exposed to a sublethal concentration of CPF (0.07 mg L(-1)) for a total of 8 days (at intervals of 1, 2, 4, and 8 days) in clean water. The following oxidative stress markers were measured: acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butylcholinesterase (BChE), and ATPase; antioxidants i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione reductase (GR), lipid peroxidation (LPO), conjugating enzyme glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and lipid content. CPF exposure led to a significant decrease in the activity of oxidative stress markers as follows: AChE (84 %), BChE (46 %), and gills Na(+)/K(+) ATPase (62 %). At the end of the recovery period, enzyme levels were recovered except in leg muscle. Total lipids and SOD decreased; CAT and LPO levels increased; and GPx, GR, and GST showed tissue-specific activities. Maximum recovery was observed in GPx followed by GR in HP tissue of crab. Nevertheless, these responses apparently grant successful adaptation for survival in a pesticide-extreme environment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500 007, India, narramadhusudan@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Madhusudan Reddy
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Narra
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D003386:Brachyura / Q000502:physiology; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000633:toxicity*; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D043143:Hepatopancreas / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010575:Pesticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D010575:Pesticides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D004390:Chlorpyrifos