title: A rare presentation of multiple primary squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue in a patient with recurrent hepatitis C infection.
abstract: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been implicated as a risk factor for development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Multiple primary sites of oral SCC associated with HCV infection occurs infrequently. This case report describes a rare presentation of multiple primary SCCs of the tongue in a patient with recurrent HCV cirrhosis status post liver transplant that required interdisciplinary medical and surgical management. It is important for oral health care providers to understand the local and systemic implications of HCV infection and perform routine clinical examinations to monitor for development of oral lesions and associated complications.
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor of Oral Medicine, Department of Oral Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Eric T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Stoopler
authors.forename: Ying Wai
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Sia
authors.forename: Ara A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Chalian
authors.forename: Bert W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: O'Malley
authors.forename: Faizan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Alawi
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000821:virology*; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009378:Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / Q000821:virology*; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014062:Tongue Neoplasms / Q000821:virology*
keywords: Oral squamous cell carcinoma; hepatitis C; tongue