title: Enhancing targeted tumor treatment by near IR light-activatable photodynamic-photothermal synergistic therapy.
abstract: For several decades, cancer has been one of the most life-threatening diseases. For enhancing anticancer efficiency with minimum side effects, combination therapy is envisioned. The current manuscript reports for the first time the development of a methylene blue (MB) bound nanoplatform, which is capable of delivering targeted diagnostic and combined synergistic photothermal and photodynamic treatment of cancer. Experimental data found that, once the nanoparticle binds with the target cell surface, it can detect LNCaP human prostate cancer cell selectively using fluorescence imaging. Our result shows that the therapeutic actions can be controlled with external NIR light. No cytotoxicity was observed in the absence of NIR light. Targeted photodynamic and photothermal treatment using 785 nm NIR light indicates that the multimodal treatment enhances the possibility of destroying LNCaP prostate cancer cells in vitro dramatically. We discuss the operating principle for the targeted imaging and possible mechanisms for combined therapeutic actions. Our experimental data show that NIR light activated combined therapy for cancer may become a highly effective treatment procedure in clinical settings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Jackson State University , Jackson, Mississippi 39217, United States.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Xuemei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Yuefeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Eugene
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Nupur
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Brahmbatt
authors.forename: NaTasha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tchouwou
authors.forename: Anant Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Yolanda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Hongtao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Paresh Chandra
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Ray
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008751:Methylene Blue / Q000008:administration & dosage; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D049329:Nanostructures; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D010789:Phototherapy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D008751:Methylene Blue