title: Molecular responses to hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and beyond.
abstract: Cellular response to changes in oxygen tension during normal development or pathologic processes is, in part, regulated by hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor. HIF activity is primarily controlled through post-translational modifications and stabilization of HIF-1α and HIF-2α proteins and is regulated by a number of cellular pathways involving both oxygen-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Stabilization of HIF-1α activates transcription of genes that participate in key pathways in carcinogenesis, such as angiogenesis, dedifferentiation, and invasion. Since its discovery more than two decades ago, HIF-1α has become a hot topic in molecular research and has been implicated not only in disease pathology but also in prognosis. In this review, we will focus on recent insights into HIF-1α regulation, function, and gene expression. We will also discuss emerging data on the involvement of HIF in cancer prognosis and therapeutic interventions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, Tuxedo, New York.
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brocato
authors.forename: Yana
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chervona
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Costa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D014157:Transcription Factors