title: Interactions of phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) proteins with phosphatidylinositol phosphates: insights from molecular dynamics simulations of PTEN and voltage sensitive phosphatase.
abstract: The phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) and the Ciona intestinalis voltage sensitive phosphatase (Ci-VSP) are both phosphatidylinositol phosphate (PIP) phosphatases that contain a C2 domain. PTEN is a tumor suppressor protein that acts as a phosphatase on PIP3 in mammalian cell membranes. It contains two principal domains: a phosphatase domain (PD) and a C2 domain. Despite detailed structural and functional characterization, less is known about its mechanism of interaction with PIP-containing lipid bilayers. Ci-VSP consists of an N-terminal transmembrane voltage sensor domain and a C-terminal PTEN domain, which in turn contains a PD and a C2 domain. The nature of the interaction of the PTEN domain of Ci-VSP with membranes has not been well established. We have used multiscale molecular dynamics simulations to define the interaction mechanisms of PTEN and of the Ci-VSP PTEN domains with PIP-containing lipid bilayers. Our results suggest a novel mechanism of association of the PTEN with such bilayers, in which an initial electrostatics-driven encounter of the protein and bilayer is followed by reorientation of the protein to optimize its interactions with PIP molecules in the membrane. Although a PIP3 molecule binds close to the active site of PTEN, our simulations suggest a further conformational change of the protein may be required for catalytically productive binding to occur. Ci-VSP interacted with membranes in an orientation comparable to that of PTEN but bound directly to PIP-containing membranes without a subsequent reorientation step. Again, PIP3 bound close to the active site of the Ci-VSP PD, but not in a catalytically productive manner. Interactions of Ci-VSP with the bilayer induced clustering of PIP molecules around the protein.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford , South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, U.K.
authors.forename: Antreas C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Kalli
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Devaney
authors.forename: Mark S P
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Sansom
mesh_terms: D003460:Crystallization; D056004:Molecular Dynamics Simulation; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D018129:Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000502:physiology; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary
chemical_list: D018129:Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates; C509671:voltage-sensor-containing phosphatase, Ciona intestinalis; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase