title: Commercialization of biopharmaceutical knowledge in Iran; challenges and solutions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objective of this study was to investigate the application of the university research findings or commercialization of the biopharmaceutical knowledge in Iran and determine the challenges and propose some solutions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A qualitative study including 19 in-depth interviews with experts was performed in 2011 and early 2012. National Innovation System (NIS) model was employed as the study design. Thematic method was applied for the analysis. The results demonstrate that policy making, regulations and management development are considered as fundamental reasons for current commercialization practice pattern. It is suggested to establish foundation for higher level documents that would involve relating bodies and provide them operational guidelines for the implementation of commercialization incentives.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Policy, regulations and management as the most influential issue should be considered for successful commercialization. The present study, for the first time, attempts to disclose the importance of evidence input for measures in order to facilitate the commercialization process by the authorities in Iran. Overall, the NIS model should be considered and utilized as one of the effective solutions for commercialization.
authors.forename: Nasser
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nassiri-Koopaei
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. rezamajd@tums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Majdzadeh
authors.forename: Abbas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kebriaeezadeh
authors.forename: Arash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rashidian
authors.forename: Mojtaba Tabatabai
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Yazdi
authors.forename: Saharnaz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nedjat
authors.forename: Shekoufeh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nikfar