title: A controlled laboratory comparison of 4 topical skin creams moisturizing capability on human subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study compares human skin capacitance (moisture) readings after the application of 4 different, commercially available, topical skin creams.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one subjects (15 women and 6 men) aged 49.38 ± 11.02) years (mean ± SD) participated. This study was conducted in a climate-controlled laboratory on healthy human subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized experimental study comparing 4 topical skin creams for their effect on human skin capacitance (moisture).
  
  
  METHODS
  Subject forearm skin was conditioned for 7 days prior to testing by washing with a standard soap and application of no other products. Each subject was marked with 5 test sites on the forearms. Sites on the volar surface of each subject's forearms were randomly assigned for application of 1 of 4 product pairs, consisting of a cleanser and a topical skin cream or a control site. A Corneometer was used to measure skin capacitance. Each site on the arms was cleaned and dried, tested again for moisture content, subjected to topical skin cream application, and finally tested again for moisture content. Changes were measured by subtracting the capacitance readings at baseline from values measured following topical skin cream application for each test site.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean change in capacitance was 13.9 for product 1, 10.3 for product 3, 8.7 for product 2, 1.6 for product 4, and 0.8 for the control site. The mean capacitance change in sites treated with product 1 (13.9 ± 8.0, mean ± SD) was significantly greater than all others. There was no difference between the change in capacitance of product 2 (mean = 8.7, SD = 4.9) and product 3 (10.3 ± 7.1) t(20) = 1.081, P = .293, nor between product 4 (1.6 ± 3.9) and the control site (0.3, ± 2.2) t(20) = 0.779, P = .445. The capacitance change of products 2 and 3 was greater than that of product 4 and the control site.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Commercially available topical skin creams vary in their impact on human skin capacitance. In this study, sites tested with product 1 had a greater skin capacitance reading than the other tested products; products 2 and 3 had similar capacitance readings. The results of this study provide an initial evaluation of topical skin creams that have varying impacts on skin capacitance.
authors.affiliation: Daniel L. Young, PT, DPT, Associate Professor, Department of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas. Debashish Chakravarthy, PhD, FAPWCA, Vice President, Clincal and Techinical Strategy, Skin and Wound Care Division, Medline Industries, Inc, Mundelein, Illinois.
authors.forename: Daniel L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Debashish
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chakravarthy
mesh_terms: D025802:Electric Capacitance; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects*; D063465:Skin Cream / Q000494:pharmacology*