title: CSF levels of YKL-40 are increased in MS and replaces with immunosuppressive treatment.
abstract: The role of glial cells during different phases of multiple sclerosis (MS) is unclear. To monitor glial activation we analyzed the biomarkers YKL-40 and sCD14 in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from MS patients during different disease phases and in response to immunosuppressive treatment. CSF levels of YKL-40 were increased in MS during relapse, remission and secondary progression compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, YKL-40 levels in CSF decreased by mitoxantrone and natalizumab treatment. No differences were observed in CSF levels of sCD14. Thus, we can infer that glial activation is present in all MS phases and decreases by immunosuppressive treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Clas
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Malmeström
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Axelsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lycke
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zetterberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.
authors.forename: Kaj
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Blennow
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden. Electronic address: bob.olsson@medic.gu.se.
authors.forename: Bob
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Olsson
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D000071451:Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D037102:Lectins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012074:Remission Induction / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D015415:Biomarkers; C084533:CHI3L1 protein, human; D000071451:Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D037102:Lectins
keywords: Biomarker; Cerebrospinal fluid; Glia; Immunotherapy; Multiple sclerosis