title: Warm ischemia time and postoperative complications after partial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the correlations between PADUA and RENAL scores, WIT and postoperative complications in a cohort of patients who underwent elective open or minimally invasive nephron sparing surgery for renal cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed 96 consecutive patients who underwent partial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma between 2004 and 2013 at our Institution. The Spearman test was used to compare categorical variables. For all statistical analyses, a two-sided P < .05 was considered statistically significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median (IQR) PADUA score was 7 (7-8) and the median (IQR) RENAL score was 7 (6-8). The median (IQR) warm ischemia time was 14 min (8-20). Low grade and high grade postoperative complications were found in 27 (28.1%) and 6 (6.3%) patients, respectively. PADUA risk group categories significantly correlated with WIT > 20 minutes and high grade postoperative complications, respectively (P = .04), regardless of the surgical approach. RENAL risk group categories significantly predicted longer hilar clamping time in our cohort (P = .04), but no statistically significant correlations with high grade postoperative complications were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our retrospective series nephrometric scores demonstrated to significantly predict longer warm ischemia time and higher postoperative complications, especially in those patients with more challenging and complex renal tumors. Therefore, when planning to perform partial nephrectomy, urologists should widely use these comprehensive tools.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Urología, Universidad de Bolonia, Hospital S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bolonia, Italia. Electronic address: mark.borghesi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Borghesi
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Urología, Universidad de Bolonia, Hospital S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bolonia, Italia.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Della Mora
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Urología, Universidad de Bolonia, Hospital S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bolonia, Italia.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brunocilla
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Urología, Universidad de Bolonia, Hospital S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bolonia, Italia.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schiavina
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Urología, Universidad de Bolonia, Hospital S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bolonia, Italia.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rizzi
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Nefrología, Universidad de Bolonia, Hospital S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bolonia, Italia.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: La Manna
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Urología, Universidad de Bolonia, Hospital S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bolonia, Italia.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Martorana
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods; D059351:Organ Sparing Treatments; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D052096:Warm Ischemia / Q000379:methods
keywords: Carcinoma de células renales; Complicaciones; Complications; Nefrectomía parcial; Nephrometric scores; Partial nephrectomy; Puntuación escala nefrométrica; Renal cell carcinoma; Tiempo de isquemia caliente; Warm ischemia time