title: Pharmacological evaluation for anticancer and immune activities of a novel polysaccharide isolated from Boletus speciosus Frost.
abstract: The fungal polysaccharides have been revealed to exhibit a variety of biological activities, including antitumor, immune-stimulation and antioxidation activities. In the present study, the immune and anticancer activities of a novel polysaccharide, BSF-A, isolated from Boletus speciosus Frost was investigated. The inhibitory rate of S180 tumors in mice treated with 40 mg/kg BSF-A reached 62.449%, which was the highest rate from the three doses administered; this may be comparable to mannatide. The antitumor activity of BSF-A is commonly considered to be a consequence of the stimulation of the cell-mediated immune response, as it may significantly promote the macrophage cells in the dose range of 100-400 µg/ml in vitro. The levels of the cytokines, IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α, and nitric oxide, induced by BSF-A treatment at varying concentrations in the macrophage cells were similar to the levels in the cells treated with lipopolysaccharide. There was weak expression of the TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA in the untreated macrophages, but this increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner in the BSF-A-treated cells. BSF-A also had a time- and dose-dependent effect on the growth inhibition of the Hep-2 cells, with the concentration of 400 µg/ml having the highest inhibitory rate. A quantitative PCR array analysis of the gene expression profiles indicated that BSF-A had anticancer activities that affected cell apoptosis in the Hep-2 cells. The results obtained in the present study indicated that the purified polysaccharide of Boletus speciosus Frost is a potential source of natural anticancer substances.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yiling
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Wanru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yichun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hongqing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000363:Agaricales / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002214:Capsules; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007109:Immunity / Q000187:drug effects*; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002214:Capsules; D016207:Cytokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D011134:Polysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II