title: [Chronotoxicity of 1800 MHz microwave radiation on sex hormones and spermatogenesis in male mice].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the chronotoxicity of 1800 MHz micrwave radiation on the male reproductive system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty healthy male C57 mice with circadian rhythm in a 12:12 h light-dark photoperiod were divided into false radiation group (Sham) and microwave radiation (MR) group exposed to 1800 MHz RF at 208 microW/cm2 power (SAR: 0 .2221 W/kg) density at different zeitgeber times of a day (ZT01:00, ZT05:00, ZT09 : 00, ZT13: 00, ZT17 : 00, ZT21 : 00) for continuous 32 days with 2 h/d. The testicular sperm head was counted with a microscope, and serum testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) levels were measured by ELISA method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the sham group,microwave radiation induced reduced level in testicular sperm head count and serum testosterone, while the level of serum estradiol increased. Also, the circadian rhythms of testicular sperm head count and estradiol disappeared after the microwave radiation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  1800 MH2 microwave radiation may disturb the level as well as circadian rhythmicity of the reproductive functions in male mice.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China. lilychan1987@126.com
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
authors.forename: Fenju
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
authors.forename: Yuzhi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
authors.forename: Jinpeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008872:Microwaves / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013091:Spermatogenesis / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013737:Testis / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D013739:Testosterone; D004958:Estradiol