title: Determination of common urine substances as an assay for improving prostate carcinoma diagnostics.
abstract: Recently, interest in the identification of non-invasive markers for prostate carcinoma detectable in the urine of patients has increased. In this study, we monitored the abundance of potential non-invasive markers of prostate carcinoma such as amino acid sarcosine, involved in the metabolism of amino acids and methylation processes, ongoing during the progression of prostate carcinoma. in addition, other potential prostate tumor markers were studied. The most significant markers, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and free PSA (fPSA), already used in clinical diagnosis, were analyzed using an immunoenzymometric assay. Whole amino acid profiles were also determined to evaluate the status of amino acids in patient urine samples and to elucidate the possibility of their utilization for prostate carcinoma diagnosis. To obtain the maximum amount of information, the biochemical parameters were determined using various spectrophotometric methods. All results were subjected to statistical processing for revealing different correlations between the studied parameters. We observed alterations in most of the analyzed substances. Based on the results obtained, we concluded that the specificity of prostate carcinoma diagnosis could be improved by determination of common urine metabolites, since we compiled a set of tests, including the analysis of sarcosine, proline, PSA and uric acid in the urine. These metabolites were not observed in the urine obtained from healthy subjects, while their levels were elevated in all patients suffering from prostate carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Zbynek
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Heger
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cernei
authors.affiliation: Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jaromir
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gumulec
authors.affiliation: Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Masarik
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and University Hospital Motol, CZ‑15006 Prague 5, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eckschlager
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, St. Anne's University Hospital, CZ-656 91 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hrabec
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Ondrej
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Zitka
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Vojtech
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Adam
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Rene
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kizek
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000652:urine*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011392:Proline / Q000652:urine; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000652:urine; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine*; D012521:Sarcosine / Q000652:urine; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D014527:Uric Acid; D011392:Proline; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen; D012521:Sarcosine