title: Predictive factors of cytomegalovirus seropositivity among pregnant women in Paris, France.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most frequent cause of congenital infection. The objective of this study was to evaluate predictive factors for CMV seronegativity in a cohort of pregnant women in Paris, France.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pregnant women enrolled in a prospective cohort during the 2009 A/H1N1 pandemic were tested for CMV IgG antibodies. Variables collected were age, geographic origin, lifestyle, work characteristics, socioeconomic status, gravidity, parity and number of children at home. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify independent predictive factors for CMV seropositivity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 826 women enrolled, 389 (47.1%) were primiparous, and 552 (67.1%) had Metropolitan France as a geographic origin. Out of these, 355 (i.e. 57.0%, 95% confidence interval (CI): [53.6%-60.4%]) were CMV seropositive: 43.7% (95% CI:[39.5%-47.9%]) in those whose geographic origin was Metropolitan France and 84.1% in those with other origins (95% CI:[79.2%-88.3%]). Determinants associated with CMV seropositivity in a multivariate logistic regression model were: (i) geographic origin (p<0.001(compared with Metropolitan France, geographic origins of Africa adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 21.2, 95% CI:[9.7-46.5], French overseas departments and territories and other origin, aOR 7.5, 95% CI:[3.9-14.6], and Europe or Asia, aOR 2.2, 95% CI: [1.3-3.7]); and (ii) gravidity (p = 0.019), (compared with gravidity = 1, if gravidity≥3, aOR = 1.5, 95% CI: [1.1-2.2]; if gravidity = 2, aOR = 1.0, 95% CI: [0.7-1.4]). Work characteristics and socioeconomic status were not independently associated with CMV seropositivity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this cohort of pregnant women, a geographic origin of Metropolitan France and a low gravidity were predictive factors for CMV low seropositivity. Such women are therefore the likely target population for prevention of CMV infection during pregnancy in France.
authors.affiliation: Infection, Antimicrobiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1137, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université (Univ) Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France ; Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Univ Paris 06, École doctorale (ED)393, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Dieynaba S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: N'Diaye
authors.affiliation: Infection, Antimicrobiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1137, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université (Univ) Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France ; Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupe Hospitalier Bichat-Claude Bernard, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Nord Val de Seine (HUPNVS), Service des Maladies Infectieuses, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Yazdan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yazdanpanah
authors.affiliation: AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Broca-Hôtel Dieu, Département de Virologie, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krivine
authors.affiliation: INSERM Unité (U)953, Recherche Epidémiologique en Santé Périnatale et Santé des Femmes et des Enfants, Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Thibaut
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Andrieu
authors.affiliation: AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Broca-Hôtel Dieu, Département de Virologie, Paris, France ; Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Flore
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rozenberg
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Foch, Maternité, Suresnes, France.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Picone
authors.affiliation: Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Paris, France ; AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Maternité, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Vassilis
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tsatsaris
authors.affiliation: INSERM Unité (U)953, Recherche Epidémiologique en Santé Périnatale et Santé des Femmes et des Enfants, Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Paris, France ; Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Paris, France ; AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Maternité, Paris, France ; INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinique (CIC) P0901, Paris, France.
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Goffinet
authors.affiliation: Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Paris, France ; INSERM, CIC BT505, Paris, France ; AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, CIC de Vaccinologie Cochin-Pasteur, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Odile
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Launay
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D020073:Gravidity; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010297:Paris / Q000453:epidemiology; D010298:Parity; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral