title: Reversible state transition in nanoconfined aqueous solutions.
abstract: Using molecular dynamics simulations, we find a reversible transition between the dispersion and aggregation states of solute molecules in aqueous solutions confined in nanoscale geometry, which is not observed in macroscopic systems. The nanoscale confinement also leads to a significant increase of the critical aggregation concentration (CAC). A theoretical model based on Gibbs free energy calculation is developed to describe the simulation results. It indicates that the reversible state transition is attributed to the low free energy barrier (of order kBT) in between two energy minima corresponding to the dispersion and aggregation states, and the enhancement of the CAC results from the fact that at lower concentrations the number of solute molecules is not large enough to allow the formation of a stable cluster in the confined systems.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physical Biology and Division of Interfacial Water, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Post Office Box 800-204, Shanghai 201800, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physical Biology and Division of Interfacial Water, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Post Office Box 800-204, Shanghai 201800, China.
authors.forename: Chunlei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physical Biology and Division of Interfacial Water, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Post Office Box 800-204, Shanghai 201800, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physical Biology and Division of Interfacial Water, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Post Office Box 800-204, Shanghai 201800, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Binghai
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Systems Biology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
authors.forename: Yusong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.affiliation: School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AX, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Zuowei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physical Biology and Division of Interfacial Water, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Post Office Box 800-204, Shanghai 201800, China.
authors.forename: Haiping
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fang
mesh_terms: D008956:Models, Chemical; D056004:Molecular Dynamics Simulation; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D044367:Phase Transition; D012996:Solutions / Q000737:chemistry; D013816:Thermodynamics; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D012996:Solutions; D014867:Water