title: Designing a ring-VCO for RFID transponders in 0.18 μm CMOS process.
abstract: In radio frequency identification (RFID) systems, performance degradation of phase locked loops (PLLs) mainly occurs due to high phase noise of voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs). This paper proposes a low power, low phase noise ring-VCO developed for 2.42 GHz operated active RFID transponders compatible with IEEE 802.11 b/g, Bluetooth, and Zigbee protocols. For ease of integration and implementation of the module in tiny die area, a novel pseudodifferential delay cell based 3-stage ring oscillator has been introduced to fabricate the ring-VCO. In CMOS technology, 0.18 μm process is adopted for designing the circuit with 1.5 V power supply. The postlayout simulated results show that the proposed oscillator works in the tuning range of 0.5-2.54 GHz and dissipates 2.47 mW of power. It exhibits a phase noise of -126.62 dBc/Hz at 25 MHz offset from 2.42 GHz carrier frequency.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Jubayer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jalil
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mamun Bin Ibne
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Reaz
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohammad Arif Sobhan
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bhuiyan
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Labonnah Farzana
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.affiliation: School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Gyu
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D057233:Radio Frequency Identification Device / Q000379:methods*