title: The growth of bacteria in infusion drugs: propofol 2% supports growth when remifentanil and pantoprazole do not.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Contamination risks of propofol 2%, remifentanil, and pantoprazole; and in vitro effects of these drugs on the growth of common infective agents in intensive care units were evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  For detection of contamination risk, drugs were prepared ready to use under intensive care unit conditions, were tested. Effects of these three drugs on bacterial growth were also investigated. Drugs were prepared at the concentrations used in the intensive care unit and inoculated with common pathogens after which they were incubated at 4°C, 22°C and 36°C. Subcultures were made at 0, 2, 4 and 8h and colony counts were evaluated. Minimum inhibitory concentration values were determined for all drugs at 4°C, 22°C and 36°C.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No growth was observed in the drugs prepared in the intensive care unit. Propofol tended to support while remifentanil inhibited bacterial growth. Effect of pantoprozole differed according to the bacteria tested. None of the drugs showed antibacterial activity at the maximum concentrations which may be achieved in blood of the patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Propofol strongly supports the growth of the microorganisms tested, although remifentanil and pantoprazole do not. Therefore, it is important to follow the strict aseptic techniques for the preparation of propofol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: aydinerden@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ismail Aydin
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Erden
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Dolunay
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gülmez
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Almila Gulsun
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Pamuk
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Seda Banu
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Akincia
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gülşen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hasçelik
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ulkü
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Aypar
mesh_terms: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D004340:Drug Contamination; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D000077402:Pantoprazole; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015742:Propofol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077208:Remifentanil
chemical_list: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D010880:Piperidines; D000077402:Pantoprazole; D000077208:Remifentanil; D015742:Propofol
keywords: Bacterial growth; Nosocomial infection; Pantoprozol; Propofol; Remifentanil