title: [Late-onset Group B Streptococcus disease in twins delivered by caesarean section].
abstract: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a commensal pathogen of the gut microflora with a well-established role in the aetiology of early and late onset GBS infections in the newborn. The incidence of early onset infections by vertical transmission has been drastically reduced in recent decades with the use of intravenous intrapartum prophylaxis. Progress in risk factor detection and prophylaxis of late-onset infection has however remained static. The ongoing modifications and improvements of the guidelines regarding prophylaxis, risk factors and prevention of the early-onset GBS disease have not addressed late-onset GBS infection in detail. The following cases illustrate the presence of grey areas in current guidelines and in the knowledge of the pathogenesis of late-onset disease.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario la Ribera, Alcira, Valencia, España. Electronic address: sescolano@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Escolano Serrano
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario la Ribera, Alcira, Valencia, España.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ruiz Alcántara
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario la Ribera, Alcira, Valencia, España.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alfonso Diego
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario la Ribera, Alcira, Valencia, España.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: González Muñoz
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario la Ribera, Alcira, Valencia, España.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gastaldo Simeón
mesh_terms: D002585:Cesarean Section; D004200:Diseases in Twins / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000635:transmission; D013292:Streptococcus agalactiae; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Caesarean section without onset of labour; Cesárea sin inicio de parto; Estreptococo del grupo B; Gemelos; Group B Streptococcus; Infección tardía; Late onset disease; Twins