title: Development and evaluation of a nutritionally enhanced multigrain tortilla snack.
abstract: An increased consumption of healthy foods to reduce chronic diseases risks is needed. We developed and evaluated a multigrain snack as a nutritive alternative to the highly consumed corn tortilla chips. Corn, wheat, and chickpea grains were boiled in 1% calcium oxide solution, steeped, washed, and ground before being mixed with soy protein isolate and oat flour to prepare the multigrain masa. Multigrain tortillas were moulded, baked, dried, and fried. Proximate composition, dietary fiber, protein quality, sensorial, and textural properties were evaluated. A commercial tortilla chip was used as control. The multigrain snack contained 153% more protein, 53% more dietary fiber, and 43 % less fat than commercial tortilla chips. Its lysine and isoleucine contents helped to increase the corrected-net protein utilization by 10%, while digestibility increased from 83.5 to 91.8% as compared to commercial tortilla chips. The mean breaking force was 6,082 g for the multigrain snack and 4,780 g for the commercial tortilla chips. The mean acceptability score for the multigrain snack was 12.1 (unstructured line scale 0-15 cm), and 82% of the panelists rated the snack as acceptable. In conclusion, a nutritionally enhanced multigrain tortilla snack was developed which provides significantly more dietary fiber and protein and less fat than traditional commercial corn tortilla chips, but with comparable appearance and high acceptability.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos de Origen Vegetal, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., Carretera a la Victoria Km 0.6, Hermosillo, Sonora, México, 83000, aislas@ciad.mx.
authors.forename: Alma Rosa
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Islas-Rubio
authors.forename: Ana María Calderón
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: de la Barca
authors.forename: Luis Enrique
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Molina-Jacott
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Del Carmen Granados-Nevárez
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vasquez-Lara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D002523:Edible Grain; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods; D005527:Food, Fortified / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009753:Nutritive Value; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D004044:Dietary Proteins