title: Vitamin D status and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a prospective general population study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Vitamin D deficiency is common among persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Whether vitamin D affects the development and deterioration of COPD or is a consequence of the disease lacks clarity. We investigated the association between vitamin D status and prevalent and incident COPD in the general population.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included a total of 12,041 individuals from three general population studies conducted in 1993-94, 1999-2001, and 2006-2008, respectively, with vitamin D measurements. Information on COPD was obtained from the Danish National Patient Register and The Danish Registry of Causes of Death.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 85 prevalent and 463 incident cases of COPD (median follow-up 9.7 years). We found a statistically significant inverse association between vitamin D status and prevalent COPD with odds ratio = 0.89 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.79, 1.0), but no statistically significant association with incident COPD with a hazard ratio = 0.98 (95% CI: 0.94, 1.0), respectively, per 10 nmol/l higher vitamin D status, when adjusted for possible confounders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found a statistically significant inverse cross-sectional association between vitamin D status and COPD, but no association between vitamin D status and incident COPD.
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark.
authors.forename: Tea
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Skaaby
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark.
authors.forename: Lise Lotte Nystrup
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Husemoen
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark.
authors.forename: Betina Heinsbæk
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Thuesen
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark.
authors.forename: Charlotta
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pisinger
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark; Faculty of Health Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Torben
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark.
authors.forename: Runa Vavia
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Fenger
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Allan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Linneberg
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D