title: Characterization and treatment of postsurgical dental implant pain employing intranasal ketorolac.
abstract: The intensity and duration of pain following surgical placement of dental implants has not been well studied. Thus, the aim of this open-label study was to characterize the nature of postsurgical pain following the placement of one to three implants. The secondary goal was to explore the analgesic efficacy and tolerability of intranasal ketorolac in this patient population. Following implant surgery, postoperative pain was rated moderate or severe in 25/28 patients (89 percent), requiring prn analgesic dosing for up to 3 days in 14/25 individuals (56 percent). Intranasal ketorolac displayed an analgesic onset within 20 minutes, a duration of at least 6 hours, and was well tolerated by the cohort with brief stinging of the nasal mucosa reported by 9/25 individuals (36 percent).
authors.affiliation: Resident in orthodontics and periodontics, Departments of Orthodontics and Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bockow
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor of Periodontics, Director of the Master of Science in Oral Biology Program, Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Korostoff
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor of Oral Medicine and Community Oral Health, Director of Oral Medicine Services and Chief, Division of Community Oral Health, Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Andres
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.affiliation: Adjunct Professor, Departments of Education, Widener University, Chester, Pennsylvania, and Delaware Valley College, Doylestown, Pennsylvania, Partner, Tegra Analytics, Doylestown, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hutcheson
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Coordinator, Department of Oral Surgery and Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Stacey A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Secreto
authors.affiliation: Resident, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bodner
authors.affiliation: Director, Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Professor, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Elliot V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Hersh
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000328:Adult; D016058:Analgesia, Patient-Controlled / Q000379:methods; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020910:Ketorolac / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects; D061646:Operative Time; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000139:chemically induced; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D015921:Dental Implants; D000082:Acetaminophen; D020910:Ketorolac