title: T cell interleukin-15 surface expression in chimpanzees infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
abstract: Interleukin-15 (IL-15) contributes to natural killer cell development and immune regulation. However, IL-15 and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) production are significantly reduced during progression to AIDS. We have previously reported that HIV infected chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) express CD3-CD8+ IFN-γ+ natural killer (NK) cells with an inverse correlation to plasma HIV viral load. To expand on our initial study, we examined a larger population of HIV infected chimpanzees (n=10). Whole blood flow cytometry analyses showed that recombinant gp120 (rgp120) or recombinant IL-15 induces specific CD3-CD8+ IFN-γ+ NK cells at higher levels than CD3+CD8+ IFN-γ+ T cells in HIV infected specimens. Interestingly, peripheral blood T cells exhibited 0.5-3% IL-15 surface Tcell/NKT cell phenotypes, and rIL-15 stimulation significantly (P<0.007) up-regulated CD4+CD25+ T cell expression. Importantly, these data demonstrate novel T cell interleukin-15 expression and indicate a plausible regulatory mechanism for this cell-type during viral infection.
authors.affiliation: Research Centers at Minority Institutions, Biophotonics Core, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, United States; Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78245, United States. Electronic address: Annette.Rodriguez@utsa.edu.
authors.forename: Annette R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78245, United States.
authors.forename: Vida
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hodara
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, United States.
authors.forename: Kruthi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murthy
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78245, United States.
authors.forename: LaShayla
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Morrow
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78245, United States.
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanchez
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78245, United States.
authors.forename: Amy E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Bienvenu
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78245, United States.
authors.forename: Krishna K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Murthy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016827:CD8 Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000276:immunology*; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D019409:Interleukin-15 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D002679:Pan troglodytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D017252:CD3 Complex; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D019409:Interleukin-15; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D007371:Interferon-gamma
keywords: AIDS; HIV; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-15; NKT cell; Natural killer cell; Tumor necrosis factor-alpha