title: [Estrogens determination of livestock dung based on UE-SPE-HPLC/FLD].
abstract: A method for detecting the estrogens estriol, 17beta-estradiol, ethinyl estradiol, and bisphenol A in livestock dung was established by the combination of ultrasonic extraction (UE), solid phase extraction (SPE) purification, and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detector (FLD). The dung samples were extracted with ethyl acetate ultrasonication for 30 min, and purified with C18 solid phase extraction column and related solvents. The test four estrogens in the dung samples were isolated with Inertsil ODS-SP-C18 reversed-phase columns (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microm), and the isolated estrogens were detected with HPLC/FLD. The mobile phase of HPLC for the detection was methanol/acetonitrile/water (volume ratio of 20:30:50), with a flow rate of 0.8 mL x min(-1). The excitation and emission wavelengths of FLD were 280 and 310 nm, respectively, the HPLC column temperature was 40 degrees C, and the injection volume was 20 microL. Good linearity (correlation coefficient greater than 0.9995) was observed by the HPLC/FLD detection when the test four estrogens concentrations were in the range of 1.00-1000.00 microg x L(-1). The detection limit of estriol, bisphenol A, 17beta-estradiol, and ethinyl estradiol was 3.35, 5.01, 2.13, and 1.12 microg x kg(-1), respectively. When the added estrogens concentrations of pig, cow, and chicken dung samples were 0.05, 0.40, and, 1.00 microg x kg(-1), the average recovery of the four estrogens was 75.1%-91.1%, 78.4%-117.0%, and 78.6%-97.8%, respectively, with the relatively standard deviations (RSD, n = 6) all less than 6%. By adopting the established SPE-HPLC/FLD method to detect the estrogens in real pig, cow, and chicken dung samples from parts of the large-scale livestock raising farms in Nanjing of East China, the detection reproducibility was high, and the detection limit was low, being available and effective for the detection of the estrogens in livestock dung.
authors.affiliation: Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China. 2011811017@njau.edu.cn
authors.forename: Yin-Jie
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Wan-Ting
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.affiliation: College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Chang-Xun
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Zheng
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Lan
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D004964:Estriol / Q000032:analysis; D004967:Estrogens / Q000032:analysis*; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000032:analysis; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry*; D058751:Livestock; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D011200:Poultry; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D004964:Estriol; D004967:Estrogens; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol; D010636:Phenols; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds