title: In vitro activity of tigecycline against isolates collected from complicated skin and skin structure infections and intra-abdominal infections in Africa and Middle East countries: TEST 2007-2012.
abstract: Complicated skin and skin structure infections (cSSSIs) and intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) are problematic due to decreasing therapeutic options available against multidrug-resistant pathogens common among these types of infections. A total of 2245 isolates from African and the Middle Eastern (AfME) countries were collected to determine in vitro activity for tigecycline and comparators during 2007-2012 as part of the Tigecycline Evaluation Surveillance Trial program. Tigecycline was launched in the AfME in 2007 and remains active against a wide range of targeted pathogens worldwide. Isolates were recovered from cSSSI (1990) and IAI (255) from 38 sites in 11 AfME countries. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common species from cSSSI (27.9%), and the methicillin-resistant S. aureus rate was 25%. Enterococcus spp. (7.1%) and Streptococcus agalactiae (2.9%) were other common Gram-positive pathogens represented. Enterobacter spp. (14.5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.9%), Escherichia coli (11.4%), Klebsiella spp. (10.9%), and Acinetobacter spp. (7.2 %) were the most common Gram-negative species collected. Tigecycline MIC(90) values were 0.25 μg/mL against S. aureus. E. coli and Enterobacter spp. had tigecycline MIC(90) values of 1 and 2 μg/mL, respectively. E. coli was the most frequently collected species from IAI (28.3%), followed by Klebsiella spp. (20.8%), Enterococcus spp. (11.8%), and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (6.3%). Isolates collected from IAI had the following tigecycline MIC(90) values: E. coli (1 μg/mL), Klebsiella spp. and other Enterobacteriaceae (2 μg/mL), Enterococcus spp. (0.25 μg/mL), and S. maltophilia (1 μg/mL). Tigecycline in vitro activity was observed against a broad spectrum of bacterial species, including strains resistant to other antimicrobial classes.
authors.affiliation: International Health Management Associates, Inc., Schaumburg, IL, USA. Electronic address: mrenteria@ihmainc.com.
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Renteria
authors.affiliation: International Health Management Associates, Inc., Schaumburg, IL, USA.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Biedenbach
authors.affiliation: International Health Management Associates, Inc., Schaumburg, IL, USA.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Bouchillon
authors.affiliation: International Health Management Associates, Inc., Schaumburg, IL, USA.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Hoban
authors.affiliation: Pfizer Inc., Africa Middle East, Gulf and Levant.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Raghubir
authors.affiliation: Pfizer Inc., Africa Middle East, Gulf and Levant.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sajben
authors.affiliation: Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mokaddas
mesh_terms: D000349:Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D059413:Intraabdominal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008877:Middle East / Q000453:epidemiology; D008911:Minocycline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017192:Skin Diseases, Bacterial / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D000078304:Tigecycline
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000078304:Tigecycline; D008911:Minocycline
keywords: Africa; Intra-abdominal infections (IAI); Middle East; Skin and skin structures infections (SSSI); Tigecycline