title: Pregnancy associated breast cancer and pregnancy after breast cancer treatment.
abstract: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers diagnosed during pregnancy and its frequency is increasing as more women postpone their pregnancies to their thirties and forties. Breast cancer diagnosis during pregnancy and lactation is difficult and complex both for the patient and doctors. Delay in diagnosis is frequent and treatment modalities are difficult to accept for the pregnant women. The common treatment approach is surgery after diagnosis, chemotherapy after the first trimester and radiotherapy after delivery. Even though early stage breast cancers have similar prognosis, advanced stage breast cancers diagnosed during pregnancy and lactation have poorer prognosis than similar stage breast cancers diagnosed in non-pregnant women. Women who desire to become pregnant after treatment of breast cancer will have many conflicts. Although the most common concern is recurrence of breast cancer due to pregnancy, the studies conducted showed that pregnancy has no negative effect on breast cancer prognosis. In this review we search for the frequency of breast cancer during pregnancy, the histopathological findings, risk factor, diagnostic and treatment modalities. We reviewed the literature for evidence based findings to help consult the patients on the outcome of breast cancer diagnosed during pregnancy and lactation, and also inform the patients who desire to become pregnant after breast cancer according to current evidences.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emek
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Doğer
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Eray
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Calışkan
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universitäts-Frauenklinik, Köln, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mallmann
keywords: Breast cancer; pregnancy