title: 2014 Female Athlete Triad Coalition consensus statement on treatment and return to play of the female athlete triad: 1st International Conference held in San Francisco, CA, May 2012, and 2nd International Conference held in Indianapolis, IN, May 2013.
abstract: The Female Athlete Triad is a medical condition often observed in physically active girls and women, and involves 3 components: (1) low energy availability with or without disordered eating, (2) menstrual dysfunction, and (3) low bone mineral density. Female athletes often present with 1 or more of the 3 Triad components, and an early intervention is essential to prevent its progression to serious endpoints that include clinical eating disorders, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis. This consensus statement represents a set of recommendations developed following the first (San Francisco, California) and second (Indianapolis, Indianna) International Symposia on the Female Athlete Triad. It is intended to provide clinical guidelines for physicians, athletic trainers, and other health care providers for the screening, diagnosis, and treatment of the Female Athlete Triad and to provide clear recommendations for return to play. The 2014 Female Athlete Triad Coalition Consensus Statement on Treatment and Return to Play of the Female Athlete Triad Expert Panel has proposed a risk stratification point system that takes into account magnitude of risk to assist the physician in decision-making regarding sport participation, clearance, and return to play. Guidelines are offered for clearance categories, management by a multidisciplinary team, and implementation of treatment contracts. This consensus paper has been endorsed by The Female Athlete Triad Coalition, an International Consortium of leading Triad researchers, physicians, and other health care professionals, the American College of Sports Medicine, and the American Medical Society for Sports Medicine.
authors.affiliation: *Penn State University, Department of Kinesiology, University Park, Pennsylvania; †University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; ‡Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City, Utah; §Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; ¶University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; ‖University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; **Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York; ††Stanford University, Stanford, California.
authors.forename: Mary Jane
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: De Souza
authors.forename: Aurelia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nattiv
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Joy
authors.forename: Madhusmita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Misra
authors.forename: Nancy I
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Rebecca J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Mallinson
authors.forename: Jenna C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Gibbs
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olmsted
authors.forename: Marci
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goolsby
authors.forename: Gordon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Matheson
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D053716:Female Athlete Triad Syndrome / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006801:Humans; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology*; D013178:Sports Medicine / Q000379:methods*