title: Comparison of the effect of two interdental cleaning devices around implants on the reduction of bleeding: a 30-day randomized clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effectiveness of a water flosser in reducing the bleeding on probing (BOP) index around dental implants as compared to flossing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with implants were randomly assigned to one of two groups in this examiner-masked, single-center study. The study compared the efficacy of a manual toothbrush paired with either traditional string floss or a water flosser.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The primary outcome was the reduction in the incidence of BOP after 30 days. There were no differences in the percent of bleeding sites between the groups at baseline. At 30 days, 18 of the 22 (81.8%) implants in the water flosser group showed a reduction in BOP compared to 6 of the 18 (33.3%) in the floss group (P=0.0018).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrate that the water flosser group had statistically significantly greater bleeding reduction than the string floss group. The authors concluded that water flossing may be a useful adjuvant for implant hygiene maintenance.
authors.affiliation: Instructor, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Britta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Magnuson
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Masly
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harsono
authors.affiliation: Professor, Director of Advanced and Graduate Education, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Paul C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Stark
authors.affiliation: Director of Research, Water Pik, Inc., Fort Collins, Colorado.
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lyle
authors.affiliation: Professor, Associate Dean for Research, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Gerard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kugel
authors.affiliation: Professor, Director of the Gavel Center for Restorative Research, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Perry
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003742:Dental Devices, Home Care; D015921:Dental Implants; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D057873:Peri-Implantitis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014099:Toothbrushing; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D014867:Water