title: Pre-conditioning with CDP-choline attenuates oxidative stress-induced cardiac myocyte death in a hypoxia/reperfusion model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  CDP-choline is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine, which is an essential component of cellular membranes, and a cell signalling mediator. CDP-choline has been used for the treatment of cerebral ischaemia, showing beneficial effects. However, its potential benefit for the treatment of myocardial ischaemia has not been explored yet.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In the present work, we aimed to evaluate the potential use of CDP-choline as a cardioprotector in an in vitro model of ischaemia/reperfusion injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Neonatal rat cardiac myocytes were isolated and subjected to hypoxia/reperfusion using the coverslip hypoxia model. To evaluate the effect of CDP-choline on oxidative stress-induced reperfusion injury, the cells were incubated with H₂O₂ during reperfusion. The effect of CDP-choline pre- and postconditioning was evaluated using the cell viability MTT assay, and the proportion of apoptotic and necrotic cells was analyzed using the Annexin V determination by flow cytometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pre- and postconditioning with 50 mg/mL of CDP-choline induced a significant reduction of cells undergoing apoptosis after hypoxia/reperfusion. Preconditioning with CDP-choline attenuated postreperfusion cell death induced by oxidative stress.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CDP-choline administration reduces cell apoptosis induced by oxidative stress after hypoxia/reperfusion of cardiac myocytes. Thus, it has a potential as cardioprotector in ischaemia/reperfusion-injured cardiomyocytes.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Urgencias y Unidad Coronaria, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chavez", Juan Badiano No. 1, Colonia Seccion 16, 14080 Tlalpan, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Héctor
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: González-Pacheco
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neurologia, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chavez", Juan Badiano No. 1, Colonia Seccion 16, 14080 Tlalpan, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Aurelio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Méndez-Domínguez
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Panamericana, Augusto Rodin 498, 03920 Insurgentes Mixcoac, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Salomón
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia Celular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chavez", Juan Badiano No. 1, Colonia Seccion 16, 14080 Tlalpan, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rebeca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: López-Marure
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Circuito Escolar s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Coyoacan, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Maria J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Vazquez-Mellado
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Circuito Escolar s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Coyoacan, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aguilar
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Circuito Escolar s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Coyoacan, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Leticia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rocha-Zavaleta
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000187:drug effects; D003566:Cytidine Diphosphate Choline / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016877:Oxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D016877:Oxidants; D003566:Cytidine Diphosphate Choline; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide