title: Grooved pegboard predicates more of cognitive than motor involvement in Parkinson's disease.
abstract: The Grooved Pegboard Test (GPT) was conceived as a test of manual dexterity, upper-limb motor speed, and hand-eye coordination. The aim of our study was to test the componential structure of the GPT on an archetypal model of motor impairment, Parkinson's disease (PD). A total of 45 PD patients (33 males, 12 females; age M = 67, range = 49-81; PD duration M = 10, range = 6-20 years; H/Y stage 2, range = 2-3) and 20 age- and education-matched controls (14 males, 6 females; age M = 66, range = 48-80) were included. All participants were investigated using the GPT, Short Falls Efficacy Scale-International, Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Non-Motor Symptom Scale. Patients were followed for 6 months, using fall diaries and monthly phone calls to define PD fallers (falls ≥ 1; n = 27) and PD nonfallers (falls = 0; n = 18). Using structural equation modeling, the GPT predicted performance on the MoCA (p < .001), but not on the FAB (p = .29). In conclusion, analysis of the structure of the GPT provided evidence about important cognitive features, in addition to the motor component of this test in PD.
authors.affiliation: Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic ondrej.bezdicek@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ondrej
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bezdicek
authors.affiliation: Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Tomáš
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nikolai
authors.affiliation: Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hoskovcová
authors.affiliation: Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Štochl
authors.affiliation: Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Hana
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Brožová
authors.affiliation: Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dušek
authors.affiliation: Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Kateřina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zárubová
authors.affiliation: Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jech
authors.affiliation: Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Evžen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Růžička
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Grooved Pegboard Test; Parkinson’s disease; cognition; falls; older adults; psychomotor tests