title: Antigenotoxic effects of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), quercetin, and rutin on chromium trioxide-induced micronuclei in the polychromatic erythrocytes of mouse peripheral blood.
abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the modulating effects of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), quercetin, and rutin on the genotoxic damage induced by Cr(VI) in polychromatic erythrocytes of CD-1 mice. The animals were divided into the following groups: (i) vehicle only; (ii) flavonoids (10 mg/kg EGCG, 100 mg/kg quercetin, 625 mg/kg rutin, or 100-625 mg/kg quercetin-rutin); (iii) Cr(VI) (20 mg/kg of CrO3); and (iv) flavonoids concomitantly with Cr(VI). All of the treatments were administered intraperitoneally (i.p.). The genotoxic damage was evaluated based on the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MN-PCE) obtained from the caudal vein 0, 24, 48, and 72 h after treatment. Groups treated with EGCG and quercetin exhibited no significant statistical changes in induction of MN-PCE. However, CrO3 treatment significantly increased MN-PCE induction 24 and 48 h after injection. Treatment with flavonoids prior to CrO3 exposure decreased MN-PCE induction compared with CrO3 only. The magnitudes of the potency of flavonoids were in the following order: rutin (82%) > quercetin (64%) > quercetin-rutin (59%) and EGCG (44%). The group treated with rutin significantly reduced genotoxic damage in mice treated with Cr(VI) (antioxidant effect). However rutin exerted a marginal genotoxic effect when administered alone (pro-oxidant effect). Our findings suggest protective effects of EGCG, quercetin, and rutin against genotoxic damage induced by Cr(VI).
authors.affiliation: a Unidad de Investigación en Genética y Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Estudios Superiores "Zaragoza," Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , México , D.F , México.
authors.forename: María del Carmen
authors.initials: Mdel C
authors.lastname: García-Rodríguez
authors.forename: Tonancy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nicolás-Méndez
authors.forename: Ana Rosa
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Montaño-Rodríguez
authors.forename: Mario Agustín
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Altamirano-Lozano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002392:Catechin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017608:Chromium Compounds / Q000097:blood / Q000633:toxicity*; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D011794:Quercetin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012431:Rutin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D017608:Chromium Compounds; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012431:Rutin; C028801:chromium trioxide; D002392:Catechin; D011794:Quercetin; C045651:epigallocatechin gallate