title: Retroperitoneal laparoendoscopic single-site ureterolithotomy versus conventional laparoscopic ureterolithotomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) surgery through the retroperitoneal approach has been seldom reported. We aimed to evaluate the outcomes of LESS and conventional laparoscopic surgery via the retroperitoneal approach in the management of large, impacted ureteral calculi.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between November 2011 and July 2013, retroperitoneal LESS ureterolithotomy was performed in 12 patients using a homemade single-port device comprising a surgical glove and several strips of tape. Another 16 patients underwent conventional retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy. We compared the operative time, complications, and surgical outcomes, retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients were completed without conversion to conventional laparoscopic or open surgery. The operative time of the LESS group and of the conventional laparoscopic group were (125.3 ± 12.8) minutes and (116.9 ± 14.4) minutes, respectively (P = 0.119). The intraoperative blood loss was (42.9 ± 8.9) and (43.4 ± 14.7) ml, respectively (P = 0.914). Postoperative radiologic evaluation revealed that the stones had been removed completely. Cosmetic results were superior in the LESS group (P = 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Retroperitoneal LESS ureterolithotomy using a homemade single-port device can be considered a feasible and safe alternative to conventional laparoscopic ureterolithotomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.
authors.forename: Junhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.
authors.forename: Jianwen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.
authors.forename: Xiquan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.
authors.forename: Yinong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China. Email: qiaoyusen2139@163.com.
authors.forename: Nianzeng
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Xing
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012187:Retroperitoneal Space / Q000601:surgery*; D014514:Ureteral Calculi / Q000601:surgery*; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*