title: [Classification of enuresis/encopresis according to DSM-5].
abstract: Elimination disorders are common in childhood and adolescence. Enuresis is traditionally defined as wetting from the age of 5 years and encopresis as soiling from 4 years onwards - after all organic causes have been excluded. In the past decades, many subtypes of elimination disorders have been identified with different symptoms, etiologies, and specific treatment options. Unfortunately, the DSM-5 criteria did not integrate these new approaches. In contrast, classification systems of the International Children's Incontinence Society (ICCS) for enuresis and urinary incontinence as well as the ROME-III criteria for fecal incontinence offer new and relevant suggestions for both clinical and research purposes.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, <location>Homburg</location>
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: von Gontard
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D003248:Constipation / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D004688:Encopresis / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D004775:Enuresis / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology
keywords: DSM-5; Enkopresis; Enuresis nocturna; Harninkontinenz tags; ICCS; Rome-III; Stuhlinkontinenz; daytime urinary incontinence; encopresis; fecal incontinence; functional constipation; funktionelle Obstipation; nocturnal enuresis