title: How accurate is our prediction of biopsy outcome? PCA3-based nomograms in personalized diagnosis of prostate cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The sensitivity and specificity of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) alone to select men for prostate biopsy remain suboptimal. This review aims at presenting a review of current prostate cancer (PCa) nomograms that incorporate Prostate Cancer Gene 3 (PCA3), which was designed to outperform PSA at predicting biopsy outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  The PubMed database and current literature search was conducted for reports on PCA3-based nomograms and tools for examining the risk of a positive prostate biopsy in a man without a known PCa diagnosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The introduction of PCA3 into clinical practice has led to the development of a set of PCA3-based nomograms to predict biopsy outcome. Combining PCA3 results with established PCa risk factors has produced significant improvements over PSA alone in predicting the risk of a positive prostate biopsy for cancer.
authors.affiliation: Urology Department, Medical University of Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salagierski
authors.affiliation: Urology Department, Medical University of Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sosnowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jack A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Schalken
keywords: diagnosis; nomogram; prostate; prostate cancer antigen; prostatic neoplasms