title: Effect of Intra CA1 and Intraperitoneal Administration of Opioid Receptor Modulating Agents on The Anxiolytic Properties of Nano and Conventional ZnO in Male Rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Nano components are today's new wonder material. However, the safety or toxicity of these components in humans is not yet clear. In a previous study we indicated that nano ZnO (nZnO) has a stronger anxiolytic effect compared to the conventional ZnO (cZnO). The present study was designed to evaluate the intraperitoneal administration of an opioidergic receptor agonist and antagonist of as well as the intra CA1 administration of an opioidergic receptor antagonist on the anxiolytic properties of nano and conventional ZnO in adult male Wistar rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this experimental study, rats received drugs via two modes of injection; intraperitoneal (IP.) and intra CA1 (intra hippocampus, CA1 area). Firstly, nZnO (5, 10, 20 mg/kg), cZnO (5, 10, 20 mg/kg), morphine 6 mg/kg, and naloxone 1 mg/kg were injected IP and naloxone 1µg/rat was injected intra CA1. Subsequently, morphine and na- loxone (IP and intra CA1) were co-injected with the effective dose of nZnO and cZnO. An elevated plus maze was used to evaluate anxiety related behavior and anxiety parameters 30 minutes after the second injection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results indicated that the anxiolytic effects of nZnO 5 mg/kg and cZnO 10 mg/kg were equal. When injected intraperitoneally, naloxone increased anxiety but did not inhibit the anxiolytic effect of nZnO and cZnO. The anxiolytic effects of morphine potentiated the anxio- lytic effects of ZnO, particularly nZno. When introduced via intra CA1 injection naloxone alone had no effect on anxiety behaviors and did not inhibit the anxiolytic effect of nZnO.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It seems that the opioidergic system activity involved in the anxiolytic effect of nano and conventional ZnO may operate through shared and unshared pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mozhgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Torabi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahnaz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kesmati
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Hooman
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Eshagh Harooni
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Hosein Najafzadeh
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Varzi
keywords: Anxiety; Hippocampus; Nanoparticls; Opioid; Zinc Oxide