title: Potential improvement of pregnancy outcome through prenatal small for gestational age detection. [correction].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess differences in mode of delivery and pregnancy outcome between prenatally detected and nonprenatally detected small for gestational age (SGA) neonates born at term.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective multicenter cohort study. All singleton infants, born SGA in cephalic position between 36(0/7) and 41(0/7) weeks gestation, were classified as either prenatally detected SGA or nonprenatally detected SGA. With propensity score matching we created groups with comparable baseline characteristics. We compared these groups for composite adverse perinatal outcome, labor induction, and cesarean section rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We included 718 SGA infants, of whom 555 (77%) were not prenatally detected. Composite adverse neonatal outcome did not differ statistically significant between the matched prenatally detected and the nonprenatally detected group (5.5 vs. 7.4%, odds ratio [OR] 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.30-1.8). However, perinatal mortality only occurred in the nonprenatally detected group (1.8% [3/163] in the matched cohort, 1.3% [7/555] in the complete cohort). In the propensity matched prenatally detected SGA group both induction of labor (57 vs. 9%, OR 14.0, 95% CI: 7.4-26.2) and cesarean sections (20 vs. 8%, OR 2.9, 95% CI: 1.5-5.8) were more often performed compared with the nonprenatally detected SGA group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prenatal SGA detection at term allows timely induction of labor and cesarean sections thus potentially preventing stillbirth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Bart Jan
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Voskamp
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Daphne H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Beemsterboer
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maxima Medical Center, Veldhoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Corine J M
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Verhoeven
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Katrien
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oude Rengerink
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Anita C J
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Ravelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jannet J H
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Bakker
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ben Willem J
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Mol
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pajkrt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005113:Extraction, Obstetrical / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D066088:Infant Death / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age; D007751:Labor, Induced / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D054238:Perinatal Mortality; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D050497:Stillbirth; D047929:Term Birth; D055815:Young Adult