title: Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of selected medicinal plants of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
abstract: In present study, the anti-inflammatory potential of three medicinal plants, Xanthium strumarium, Achyranthes aspera and Duchesnea indica were evaluated, using both in vitro and in vivo assays. Carrageenan induced hind paw edema model was used to carry out the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity, while for in vitro screening lipoxygenase inhibition assay was used. Crude extract of all the selected plants depicted significant (plt;0.001) anti-inflammatory activity, at late phase of inflammation. Achyranthes aspera also showed considerable anti-inflammatory activity (47%) at relatively lower concentration (200 mg/ml), at the initial phase of inflammation. Similarly the ethyl acetate fraction of all the selected plants showed significant lipoxygenase inhibition activity when compared with the standard drug (Baicalein). The results obtained from both in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity suggest that the ethyl acetate fraction of the crude extract of all the selected plants can be used for the isolation of new lead compounds with better anti-inflammatory activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Fazli
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Khuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Zafar
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Iqbal
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Ayub
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
authors.lastname: Zakiullah
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Yasar
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Lateef
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Fazli
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nasir
authors.affiliation: Gandhara College of Pharmacy, Gandhara University, Peshawar.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Waheed Ali
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Shah
mesh_terms: D029044:Achyranthes / Q000737:chemistry; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004487:Edema / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D005528:Foot / Q000473:pathology; D016859:Lipoxygenase Inhibitors; D008297:Male; D008515:Medicine, Ayurvedic; D010154:Pakistan; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D031987:Potentilla / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D031210:Xanthium / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016859:Lipoxygenase Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts