title: Influence of intraoral temperature and relative humidity on the dentin bond strength: an in situ study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The effect of the intraoral environment during adhesive restorative procedures remains a concern, especially in the absence of rubber dam isolation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the temperature and relative humidity (RH) at anterior and posterior intraoral sites and their effects on the dentin bond strength of two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive systems.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty human molars were assigned to six groups according to the adhesive systems (Adper Single Bond Plus and One Step Plus) and intraoral sites (incisor and molar sites). The room condition was used as a control group. Dentin fragments were individually placed in custom-made acetate trays and direct composite restorations were performed. The intraoral temperature and RH were recorded during adhesive procedures. Then, specimens were removed from the acetate trays and sectioned to obtain multiple beams for the microtensile bond strength test. In addition, the adhesive interface morphology was evaluated through scanning electron microscopy. Intraoral conditions were statistically analyzed by paired Students' t-tests and the bond strength data by two-way analysis of variance and Tukey test (α = 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The posterior intraoral site showed a significant increase in the temperature and RH when compared with the anterior site. However, both intraoral sites revealed higher temperatures and RH than the room condition. In regards to the adhesive systems, the intraoral environment did not affect the bond strength, and the One Step Plus system showed the highest bond strength means.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite the fact that remarkable changes in the intraoral conditions were observed for both anterior and posterior sites, the intraoral environment was not able to compromise the immediate dentin bond strength.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Some conditions of intraoral temperature and relative humidity may not impair the dentin bond strength of two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive systems. Thus, an adequate relative isolation seems to be a good alternative under the specific clinical conditions in which rubber dam isolation is either impossible or very difficult to perform.
authors.affiliation: Private practice, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Letícia O
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Saraiva
authors.forename: Thaiane R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Aguiar
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Andrea N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Cavalcanti
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giannini
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mathias
mesh_terms: D001840:Dental Bonding; D003804:Dentin / Q000737:chemistry*; D006813:Humidity; D008422:Materials Testing; D013696:Temperature; D013718:Tensile Strength