title: Laparoscopic ureteroureterostomy and transvaginal ureterectomy for complete duplicated ureters.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report our experience and the feasibility of transvaginal ureterectomy for refluxing ectopic ureter after laparoscopic ureteroureterostomy. Ureteroureterostomy is a treatment modality for preserving upper pole kidney function in patients with complete duplicated ureters (CDU). Because of the residual ureteral stump, however, the development of urinary tract infection may be a concern.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the data of patients with a diagnosis of CDU who underwent surgery between 2007 and 2012. Six female patients with CDU were identified. Of these six patients, four underwent transvaginal ureterectomy after laparoscopic ureteroureterostomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No patients experienced intraoperative complications. Total mean surgical time in four patients was 250 minutes. Mean laparoscopic ureteroureterostomy time took 180 minutes, and ureterectomy by vaginal incision took 40 minutes, respectively. Mean blood loss was 150 mL. The first patient experienced postoperative complications of mild urine leak and ureteral stricture in the anastomosed site.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our experience suggests that transvaginal ureterectomy after laparoscopic ureteroureterostomy is a minimally invasive modality that may be a technically feasible and effective option for patients who have CDU with refluxing ectopic ureters.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Seong
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ha Bum
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Jun Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Young Goo
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ki Kyung
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000209:etiology; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D061646:Operative Time; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014513:Ureter / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery*; D014519:Ureterostomy / Q000379:methods*; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000601:surgery