title: Medium-/long-term effects of a specific exercise protocol combined with patient education on spine mobility, chronic fatigue, pain, aerobic fitness and level of disability in fibromyalgia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To propose a rehabilitation protocol able to produce immediate and long-term beneficial effects on level of disability and overall performance in ADLs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-one FM patients were randomized to an exercise and educational-behavioral programme group (experimental group, EG = 21) or to a control group (CG = 20). Each subject was evaluated before, at the end (T1), and after 6 months (T6) from the conclusion of the rehabilitation treatment using the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), the visual analogue scale (VAS), the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), the fatigue severity scale (FSS), the 6-minute walking test (6MWT), tender points count (TPC), and spinal active range of motion. The exercise protocol included 20 sessions consisting in self-awareness, stretching, strengthening, spine flexibility, and aerobic exercises, which patients were subsequently educated to perform at home.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The two groups were comparable at baseline. At T1, the EG showed a positive trend in FIQ, VAS, HAQ, and FSS scales and significant improvement in 6MWT and in most spinal active range of motion measurements (P between 0.001 and 0.04). The positive results were maintained at the follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The proposed programme was well tolerated and produced immediate and medium-term beneficial effects improving function and strain endurance. This trial is registered with DRKS00005071 on DRKS.
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Giannotti
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koutsikos
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Maurizia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pigatto
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Elisa
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Rampudda
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Doria
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padua, Italy ; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35131 Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5824-2633
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Masiero
mesh_terms: D003710:Demography; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D015444:Exercise; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D015673:Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005260:Female; D005356:Fibromyalgia / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010809:Physical Fitness; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D013131:Spine / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013997:Time Factors