title: Mediterranean diet is associated on symptoms of depression and anxiety in patients with bronchiectasis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim was to measure symptoms of depression and anxiety in patients with bronchiectasis and evaluate their relationship with a Mediterranean diet.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study recruited patients with bronchiectasis at four Spanish centers. Patients completed the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) and the Mediterranean diet questionnaire (PREDIMED). Demographic, health and outcome data were recorded from medical charts. Logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of elevated symptoms of depression and anxiety (HADS≥11).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 205 participants recruited, 37 (18.0%) had elevated anxiety-related scores and 26 (12.7%) had elevated depression-related scores (HADS≥11). Increased symptoms of depression were significantly associated with being unemployed, a lower education, older age, comorbidity, major dyspnea, worse quality of life (QOL) and a lower PREDIMED score. Increased symptoms of anxiety were significantly associated with more exacerbations, worse QOL and a lower PREDIMED score. Regression analyses indicated that, after adjustment, QOL and the PREDIMED score predicted elevated symptoms of depression and QOL predicted elevated symptoms of anxiety.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of elevated symptoms of depression and anxiety is high in patients with bronchiectasis and greater adherence to a Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower likelihood of having these symptoms, particularly for depression.
authors.affiliation: Pneumology, Malaga Regional University Hospital, Instituto de Biomedicina de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Spain. Electronic address: casi1547@separ.es.
authors.forename: Casilda
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Olveira
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology and Nutrition, Malaga Regional University Hospital, Instituto de Biomedicina de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Spain; CIBERDEM, CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (Instituto de Salud Carlos III: CB07/08/0019). Electronic address: gabrielm.olveira.sspa@juntadeandalucia.es.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Olveira
authors.affiliation: Pneumology, Malaga Regional University Hospital, Málaga, Spain. Electronic address: espildorilla@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Espildora
authors.affiliation: Pneumology, Instituto de Investigación la Princesa Hospital, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: rmgiron@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Rosa-María
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Girón
authors.affiliation: Pneumology, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Dr. Trueta University Hospital, CIBERes (CIBER respiratory diseases), Girona, Spain. Electronic address: mvendrell.girona.ics@gencat.cat.
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vendrell
authors.affiliation: Pneumology, Malaga Regional University Hospital, Malaga, Spain. Electronic address: antoniodoradog@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dorado
authors.affiliation: Pneumology, Polytechnic and University La Fe Hospital, CIBERes (CIBER respiratory diseases), Valencia, Spain. Electronic address: mianmartinezgarcia@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Miguel-Ángel
authors.initials: MÁ
authors.lastname: Martínez-García
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D001987:Bronchiectasis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Bronchiectasis; Mediterranean diet; PREDIMED score; Symptoms of anxiety; Symptoms of depression