title: Adsorption of ammonium and phosphate by feather protein based semi-interpenetrating polymer networks hydrogel as a controlled-release fertilizer.
abstract: A new feather protein-grafted poly(potassium acrylate)/polyvinyl alcohol (FP-g-PKA/PVA) semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPNs) hydrogel was produced through graft copolymerization with FP as a basic macromolecular skeletal material, acrylic acid as a monomer and PVA as a semi-IPNs polymer. The adsorption of ammonium and phosphate ions from aqueous solution using the new hydrogel as N and P controlled-release fertilizer with water-retention capacity was studied. The effects of pH value, concentration, contact time and ion strength on NH4+ and PO3-4 removal by FP-g-PKA/PVA semi-IPNs hydrogel were investigated using batch adsorption experiments. The results indicated that the hydrogel had high adsorption capacities and fast adsorption rates for NH4+ and PO3-4 in wide pH levels ranging from 4.0 to 9.0. Kinetic analysis presented that both NH4+ and PO3-4 removal were closely fitted with the pseudo-second-order model. Furthermore, the adsorption isotherms of hydrogel were best represented by the Freundlich model. The adsorption-desorption experimental results showed the sustainable stability of FP-g-PKA/PVA semi-IPNs hydrogel for NH4+ and PO3-4 removal. Overall, FP-g-PKA/PVA could be considered as an efficient material for the removal and recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus with the agronomic reuse as a fertilizer.
authors.affiliation: Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qinyan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.affiliation: Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Baoyu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D064751:Ammonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D005241:Feathers / Q000737:chemistry*; D005308:Fertilizers / Q000032:analysis*; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D064751:Ammonium Compounds; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005308:Fertilizers; D020100:Hydrogels; D010710:Phosphates; D011108:Polymers; D011506:Proteins