title: Non-classical forms of pemphigus: pemphigus herpetiformis, IgA pemphigus, paraneoplastic pemphigus and IgG/IgA pemphigus.
abstract: The pemphigus group comprises the autoimmune intraepidermal blistering diseases classically divided into two major types: pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceous. Pemphigus herpetiformis, IgA pemphigus, paraneoplastic pemphigus and IgG/IgA pemphigus are rarer forms that present some clinical, histological and immunopathological characteristics that are different from the classical types. These are reviewed in this article. Future research may help definitively to locate the position of these forms in the pemphigus group, especially with regard to pemphigus herpetiformis and the IgG/ IgA pemphigus.
authors.affiliation: Federal University of São Paulo, Paulista School of Medicine, Dermatology Department, São PauloSP, Brazil, Dermatologist. Masters Degree and PhD . Adjunct Professor and Coordinator of Bullous Dermatosis at the Dermatology Department, Paulista School of Medicine - Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP) - São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Adriana Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Porro
authors.affiliation: Federal University of São Paulo, Paulista School of Medicine, Dermatology Department, São PauloSP, Brazil, Dermatologist with specialization in Bullous Dermatosis at the Dermatology Department, Paulista School of Medicine - Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP) - São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Livia de Vasconcelos Nasser
authors.initials: Lde V
authors.lastname: Caetano
authors.affiliation: Federal University of São Paulo, Paulista School of Medicine, Dermatology Department, Dermatologist with specialization in Bullous Dermatosis and Pediatric Dermatology at the Dermatology Department, Paulista School of Medicine - Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP). PhD-candidate at UNIFESP (Translational Medicine) and the University of Groningen (Center for Blistering Diseases, Groningen University Medical Center, Netherlands).
authors.forename: Laura de Sena Nogueira
authors.initials: Lde S
authors.lastname: Maehara
authors.affiliation: Federal University of São Paulo, Paulista School of Medicine, Dermatology and Pathology Departments, São PauloSP, Brazil, Pathologist. Masters Degree and PhD. Dermatopathologist at the Dermatology and Pathology Departments, Paulista School of Medicine - Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP) - São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Milvia Maria dos Santos
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Enokihara
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000276:immunology; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D010257:Paraneoplastic Syndromes / Q000473:pathology; D010392:Pemphigus / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D035583:Rare Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G