title: Distal and lateral toenail onychomycosis caused by Trichophyton rubrum: treatment with photodynamic therapy based on methylene blue dye.
abstract: The study showed the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy based on methylene blue to treat severe distal and lateral subungual toenail onychomycosis. 22 patients were divided into two groups: group A consisting of 11 patients with severe toenail onychomycosis and group B consisting of 11 patients with mild-to-moderate toenail onychomycosis. All patients had onychomycosis caused by Trichophyton rubrum. The patients were treated with sessions of 2% methylene blue aqueous solution irradiated with light emission diode device with 630 nm and 36 J/cm2 biweekly for six months. The clinical response was significantly better in patients with mild-to-moderate (100%) onychomycosis compared with patients with severe onychomycosis (63.6%).
authors.affiliation: Montes Claros State University, Clemente Faria University Hospital, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, Montes ClarosMG, Brazil, Master in Health Sciences - Professor of Dermatology and Research Professor, Department of Clinical Medicine, Center for Infectious Diseases Research - Clemente Faria University Hospital - Montes Claros State University (HUCF - UNIMONTES) - Montes Claros (MG), Brazil.
authors.forename: Linton Wallis Figueiredo
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Montes Claros State University, Montes ClarosMG, Brazil, Specialist, student in the Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences and Designated Professor - Montes Claros State University (UNIMONTES) - Montes Claros (MG), Brazil.
authors.forename: Simone Vilas Trancoso
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Montes Claros State University, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Montes ClarosMG, Brazil, Post-Doctorate in Parasitology - Professor in the Health Sciences Postgraduate Program of the Montes Claros State University (UNIMONTES) - Montes Claros (MG), Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Cristina de Carvalho
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Botelho
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005533:Foot Dermatoses / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008751:Methylene Blue / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D014009:Onychomycosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014249:Trichophyton
chemical_list: D008751:Methylene Blue