title: The tumor necrosis factor α (-308 A/G) polymorphism is associated with cystic fibrosis in Mexican patients.
abstract: Environmental and genetic factors may modify or contribute to the phenotypic differences observed in multigenic and monogenic diseases, such as cystic fibrosis (CF). An analysis of modifier genes can be helpful for estimating patient prognosis and directing preventive care. The aim of this study is to determine the association between seven genetic variants of four modifier genes and CF by comparing their corresponding allelic and genotypic frequencies in CF patients (n = 81) and control subjects (n = 104). Genetic variants of MBL2 exon 1 (A, B, C and D), the IL-8 promoter (-251 A/T), the TNFα promoter (TNF1/TNF2), and SERPINA1 (PI*Z and PI*S) were tested in CF patients and control subjects from northeastern Mexico by PCR-RFLP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The TNF2 allele (P = 0.012, OR 3.43, 95% CI 1.25-9.38) was significantly associated with CF under the dominant and additive models but was not associated with CF under the recessive model. This association remained statistically significant after adjusting for multiple tests using the Bonferroni correction (P = 0.0482). The other tested variants and genotypes did not show any association with the disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An analysis of seven genetic variants of four modifier genes showed that one variant, the TNF2 allele, appears to be significantly associated with CF in Mexican patients.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquimica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
authors.forename: Celia N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Sanchez-Dominguez
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Medicina de Conservacion, Centro de Biotecnologia Genomica, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico.
authors.forename: Miguel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Reyes-Lopez
authors.affiliation: Clinica de Fibrosis Quistica, Centro de Prevencion y Rehabilitacion de Enfermedades Pulmonares Cronicas (CEPREP), Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bustamante
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Enfermeria, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
authors.forename: Ricardo M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Cerda-Flores
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquimica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
authors.forename: Maria Del C
authors.initials: Mdel C
authors.lastname: Villalobos-Torres
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Genetica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
authors.forename: Hugo L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Gallardo-Blanco
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquimica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; Centro de Investigacion y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
authors.forename: Augusto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rojas-Martinez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquimica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
authors.forename: Herminia G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Martinez-Rodriguez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquimica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
authors.forename: Hugo A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Barrera-Saldaña
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquimica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; Centro de Investigacion y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rocio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ortiz-Lopez
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D060045:Genes, Modifier; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D037601:Mannose-Binding Lectin / Q000235:genetics; D008800:Mexico; D008957:Models, Genetic; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*; D000515:alpha 1-Antitrypsin / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D016209:Interleukin-8; C445619:MBL2 protein, human; D037601:Mannose-Binding Lectin; C043392:SERPINA1 protein, human; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000515:alpha 1-Antitrypsin