title: Electrochemical degradation of the dimethyl phthalate ester on a fluoride-doped Ti/β-PbO2 anode.
abstract: The electrooxidation of the dimethyl phthalate (DMP) ester was galvanostatically carried out in a filter-press reactor using a fluoride-doped lead dioxide (β-PbO2,F) film electrodeposited on a Ti substrate. The variables investigated were the nature of the supporting electrolyte (NaCl and Na2SO4), pH (3, 7, and 10), current density (10, 20, 40, 60, and 80mAcm(-2)), and temperature (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50°C). The removal of DMP was monitored through high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and total organic carbon (TOC) analysis. The best conditions were obtained using Na2SO4 and at low current densities, independent of the solution pH or temperature. These conditions led to the highest levels of current efficiencies and complete combustion. However, the TOC removal levels were low, due to the generation of highly oxidized intermediates, which was confirmed by the intermediates detected by HPLC.
authors.affiliation: São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 780, CEP 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 780, CEP 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Aquino
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University Federal of São Carlos, P.O. Box 676, CEP 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kallyni
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Irikura
authors.affiliation: São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 780, CEP 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Douglas W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Miwa
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Sciences & Technologies, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rodrigo
authors.affiliation: São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 780, CEP 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: artur@iqsc.usp.br.
authors.forename: Artur J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Motheo
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D004566:Electrodes; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000737:chemistry; D004952:Esters / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005459:Fluorides / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000737:chemistry; D007854:Lead / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D010795:Phthalic Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D013431:Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004573:Electrolytes; D004952:Esters; D010087:Oxides; D010795:Phthalic Acids; D013431:Sulfates; C024629:dimethyl phthalate; C012036:sodium sulfate; D007854:Lead; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; C047365:lead oxide; D014025:Titanium; D005459:Fluorides
keywords: Degradation pathway; Electrochemical oxidation; Lead dioxide; Phthalic acid ester; Recalcitrant intermediates