title: Clinicopathologic features of breast carcinomas classified by biomarkers and correlation with microvessel density and VEGF expression: a study from Thailand.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To correlate breast cancer subtypes with prognostic factors, microvessel density (MVD), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and clinical features.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred cases of primary breast carcinoma were classified using biomarkers on tissue microarray as: luminal A [estrogen receptor (ER) +, HER2-, Ki-67≤14%], luminal B [ER+, HER2+ or ER+, HER2-, Ki-67>14%], HER2, triple negative basal-like (TNB) [any basal cytokeratins (CKs, 5, 14, 17) and/or endothelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression], and TN without such markers [TNN, null], and assessed for p53, vimentin, VEGF and CD31 immunoperoxidase.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 100 cases (mean age, 51 years; mean tumor size, 3.2cm; 56% with nodal metastasis; 89 invasive ductal carcinomas, not otherwise specified, 4 invasive lobular carcinomas, 3 metaplastic carcinomas, and 4 other types) there were 39 luminal A, 18 luminal B, 18 HER2, 15 TNB and 10 TNN. The positivities of basal-like markers in the basal-like subtype were 78.3% for CK5, 40% for CK14, 20% for CK17, 46.7% for EGFR. There was no significant difference in age distribution, tumor size, degree of tubular formation, pleomorphism, lymphovascular invasion, nodal metastasis, MVD, VEGF expression and survival among subgroups. TNs demonstrated significantly higher tumor grade, mitotic count, Ki-67 index, p53 and vimentin and decreased overall survival compared with nonTN.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The distribution of breast cancer subtypes in this study was similar to other Asian countries with a high prevalence of TN. The high grade character of TN was confirmed and CK5 expression was found to be common in our basal-like subtype. No significant elevation of MVD or VEGF expression was apparent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand E-mail : tuenjai_ch@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Tuenjai
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chuangsuwanich
authors.forename: Tawatchai
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pongpruttipan
authors.forename: Pornchai
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: O-Charoenrat
authors.forename: Chulaluk
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Komoltri
authors.forename: Suwapee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Watcharahirun
authors.forename: Doonyapat
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sa-Nguanraksa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D018275:Carcinoma, Lobular / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053547:Keratin-14 / Q000378:metabolism; D053537:Keratin-17 / Q000378:metabolism; D053555:Keratin-5 / Q000378:metabolism; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000473:pathology; D008679:Metaplasia / Q000473:pathology; D055806:Microvessels; D008875:Middle Aged; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D013785:Thailand; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014746:Vimentin / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D053547:Keratin-14; D053537:Keratin-17; D053555:Keratin-5; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D014746:Vimentin; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; C512478:EGFR protein, human; C508053:ERBB2 protein, human