title: Effect of cariogenic challenge on the stability of dentin bonds.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The oral environment is subject to biofilm accumulation and cariogenic challenge, and few studies exist on the effect of these factors on the bond strength of adhesive systems. The aim of this study was to test if the exposure of adhesive interfaces to cariogenic challenge under biofilm accumulation could promote higher degradation than the exposure to biofilm accumulation alone.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five molars were ground until exposure of medium dentin and then restored (Single Bond 2 and Z250 3M ESPE). The tooth/resin sets were cut to obtain beam-shaped specimens, which were distributed according to the aging conditions (n=20): water for 24 h (control); biofilm under cariogenic challenge for 3, 5 or 10 days; biofilm without cariogenic challenge for 10 days; and water for 3 months. Microcosm biofilms were formed from human saliva and grown in a saliva analogue medium, supplemented or not with sucrose to promote cariogenic challenge. Specimens were tested for microtensile bond strength, and failure modes were classified using light microscopy. Bond strength data were analyzed using ANOVA and failure modes were analyzed using ANOVA on ranks (α=0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences in bond strength were detected among the aging methods (P=0.248). The aging period was associated with an increase in the frequency of adhesive failures for the groups aged for 10 days or longer (P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aging leads to a higher prevalence of interfacial adhesive failures, although this effect is not associated with cariogenic challenge or reduction in bond strengths.
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Pelotas, School of Dentistry, PelotasRS, Brazil, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda Blos
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Borges
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Pelotas, School of Dentistry, PelotasRS, Brazil, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ellen Luísa
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Kochhann DE Lima
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Pelotas, School of Dentistry, PelotasRS, Brazil, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda Wiengärtner
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Pelotas, School of Dentistry, Graduate Program in Dentistry, PelotasRS, Brazil, Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Noéli
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Boscato
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Pelotas, School of Dentistry, Graduate Program in Dentistry, PelotasRS, Brazil, Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Françoise Hélène
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Van De Sande
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Pelotas, School of Dentistry, Graduate Program in Dentistry, PelotasRS, Brazil, Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafael Ratto de
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Moraes
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Pelotas, School of Dentistry, Graduate Program in Dentistry, PelotasRS, Brazil, Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maximiliano Sérgio
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Cenci
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D002326:Cariogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000382:microbiology*; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D011897:Random Allocation; D012463:Saliva / Q000382:microbiology; D013395:Sucrose / Q000494:pharmacology; D013499:Surface Properties; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D013718:Tensile Strength; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002326:Cariogenic Agents; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D013549:Sweetening Agents; C115612:single bond; D014867:Water; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D013395:Sucrose