title: First evidence of the P-glycoprotein gene expression and multixenobiotic resistance modulation in earthworm.
abstract: Multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) is an important mechanism of cellular efflux mediated by ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters that bind and actively remove toxic substrates from the cell. This study was the first to identify ABC transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp/ABCB1) as a representative of the MXR phenotype in earthworm (Eisenia fetida). The identified partial cDNA sequence of ABCB1 overlapped with ABCB1 homologues of other organisms from 58.5 % to 72.5 %. We also studied the effect of five modulators (verapamil, cyclosporine A, MK571, probenecid, and orthovanadate) on the earthworm's MXR activity by measuring the accumulation of model substrates rhodamine B and rhodamine 123 in whole body tissue of the adult earthworm. MK571, orthovanadate, and verapamil significantly inhibited MXR activity, and rhodamine 123 turned out to better reflect MXR activity in that species than rhodamine B. Our results show that E. fetida can serve well as a test organism for environmental pollutants that inhibit MXR activity.
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bošnjak
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bielen
authors.forename: Sanja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Babić
authors.forename: Lidija
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sver
authors.forename: Natalija Topić
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Popović
authors.forename: Ivančica
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Strunjak-Perović
authors.forename: Rozelinda
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Což-Rakovac
authors.forename: Roberta Sauerborn
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Klobučar
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000737:chemistry; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009835:Oligochaeta / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D020112:Rhodamine 123 / Q000032:analysis; D012235:Rhodamines / Q000737:chemistry; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D011506:Proteins; D012235:Rhodamines; D015262:Xenobiotics; D020112:Rhodamine 123; C029773:rhodamine B