title: CYP1A1 gene polymorphisms and smoking status as modifier factors for lung cancer risk.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Lung cancer remains the most prevalent malignancy worldwide. Susceptibility to lung cancer has been shown to be modulated by inheritance of polymorphic genes. Several metabolic enzymes are currently under investigation for their possible role in lung cancer susceptibility, including members of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily. The aim of this work was to identify the correlation between CYP1A1 m1 and m2 polymorphisms and lung cancer risk and figure its interactions with smoking as genetic modifiers in the etiology of lung cancer in the Egyptian population.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and ten patients with lung cancer and one hundred and ten controls were enrolled in the study. CYP1A1 m1 and m2 polymorphisms were determined using polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects carrying TC and CC genotypes of CYP1A1 m1 and AG and GG genotypes of CYP1A1 m2 were significantly more likely to develop lung cancer especially squamous cell carcinoma. The proportion of lung cancer attributable to the interaction of smoking and CYP1A1 m1 and CYP1A1 m2 polymorphisms was 32% and 52% respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results revealed that CYP1A1 m1 and m2 polymorphisms contribute to smoking related lung cancer risk in the Egyptian population.
authors.affiliation: Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
authors.forename: Atef G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Hussein
authors.affiliation: Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt. Electronic address: hebapasha@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Heba F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Pasha
authors.affiliation: Chest Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
authors.forename: Hanan M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: El-Shahat
authors.affiliation: Chest Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
authors.forename: Doaa M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Gad
authors.affiliation: Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mostafa M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Toam
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000235:genetics*; D004534:Egypt; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012307:Risk Factors; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012907:Smoking
chemical_list: C569463:CYP1A1 protein, human; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1
keywords: CYP1A1 m1; CYP1A1 m2; Lung cancer; Polymorphism