title: Effect of organisational change type and frequency on long-term sickness absence in hospitals.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study was conducted to investigate how the frequency of structural change and patient care-related change is related to employees' long-term sickness absence.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Although a growing body of research is investigating the potentially harmful effects of organisational change on employee health, most studies have focused on single episodes of organisational change and do not differentiate among the types and frequencies of change.
  
  
  METHODS
  National registry data were collected from 2005 and 2007. A total of 34 712 health professionals from 56 hospitals were included (76% nurses, 18% physicians and 6% other health professionals) and the data were analysed using multilevel logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The research findings reveal a significantly higher probability of long-term sickness absence among employees who experienced more frequent structural changes (OR = 1.03; CI: 1.00-1.06; P < 0.05), but not among employees who experienced more frequent patient care-related changes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A higher frequency of organisational change may lead to more sickness-related absence among employees, with the effect depending on the type of change.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings highlight the need for managers who are contemplating or are in the process of implementing organisational change to become more aware of the potentially harmful effects of frequent organisational change on employee health.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Management and Health Economics, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Vilde H
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Bernstrøm
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Management and Health Economics, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Lars Erik
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Kjekshus
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009664:Norway; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009745:Nursing, Supervisory; D016272:Occupational Health; D009936:Organizational Innovation; D012042:Registries; D018582:Sick Leave / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: absenteeism; frequency of change; hospital; organisational change; patient care; sickness absence