title: Application of PTR-TOF-MS to investigate metabolites in exhaled breath of patients affected by coeliac disease under gluten free diet.
abstract: Coeliac disease (CD) is a common chronic inflammatory disorder of the small bowel induced in genetically susceptible people by the exposure to gliadin gluten. Even though several tests are available to assist the diagnosis, CD remains a biopsy-defined disorder, thus any non-invasive or less invasive diagnostic tool may be beneficial. The analysis of volatile metabolites in exhaled breath, given its non-invasive nature, is particularly promising as a screening tool of disease in symptomatic or non-symptomatic patients. In this preliminary study the proton transfer reaction time of flight mass spectrometry coupled to a buffered end-tidal on-line sampler to investigate metabolites in the exhaled breath of patients affected by coeliac disease under a gluten free diet was applied. Both H3O(+) or NO(+) were used as precursor ions. In our investigation no differences were found in the exhaled breath of CD patients compared to healthy controls. In this study, 33 subjects were enrolled: 16 patients with CD, all adhering a gluten free diet, and 17 healthy controls. CD patients did not show any symptom of the disease at the time of breath analysis; thus the absence of discrimination from healthy controls was not surprising.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, IASMA Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy. Electronic address: eugenio.aprea@fmach.it.
authors.forename: Eugenio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aprea
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, IASMA Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cappellin
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, IASMA Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy.
authors.forename: Flavia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gasperi
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Filomena
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Morisco
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lembo
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rispo
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Raffaella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tortora
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Agriculture, University of Naples "Federico II", Portici, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vitaglione
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Caporaso
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, IASMA Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy.
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Biasioli
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001944:Breath Tests / Q000379:methods*; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D055050:Diet, Gluten-Free; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds
keywords: Breath analysis; Coeliac disease; Gluten free diet; PTR-ToF-MS; Volatile metabolites