title: Genital warts: comparing clinical findings to dermatoscopic aspects, in vivo reflectance confocal features and histopathologic exam.
abstract: Genital warts can be diagnosed through physical examination and confirmed by histopathology. Noninvasive methods are useful for ruling out other diagnoses with no harm to the patient. In this study the clinical findings were compared to dermoscopy, reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), and to histopathology findings, in order to determine possible patterns that can aid diagnosis of the lesion. It was possible to identify structural changes on reflectance confocal microscopy that are already known by dermoscopy, in addition to cellular changes previously seen only by histopathological examination. This study shows the use of reflectance confocal microscopy in cases of genital warts, providing important information that can be used in further studies.
authors.affiliation: Santa Casa Medical School, Department of Medicine, Dermatology Division, São PauloSP, Brazil, MD; Dermatology Division, Department of Medicine, Santa Casa Medical School, São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
authors.forename: John Verrinder
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Veasey
authors.affiliation: Santa Casa Medical School, Department of Medicine, Dermatology Division, São PauloSP, Brazil, PhD; Dermatology Division, Department of Medicine, Santa Casa Medical School, São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Valéria Maria de Souza
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Framil
authors.affiliation: Santa Casa Medical School, Department of Surgery, Coloproctology Division, São PauloSP, Brazil, PhD; Coloproctology Division, Department of Surgery, Santa Casa Medical School, São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Sidney Roberto
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Nadal
authors.affiliation: Santa Casa Medical School, Department of Medicine, Dermatology Division, São PauloSP, Brazil, MD; Department of Medicine, Dermatology Division, Department of Medicine, Santa Casa Medical School, São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Alessandra Cristine
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Marta
authors.affiliation: Santa Casa Medical School, Department of Pathology, São PauloSP, Brazil, MD; Department of Pathology, Santa Casa Medical School, São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Rute Facchini
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Lellis
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D003218:Condylomata Acuminata / Q000473:pathology*; D046169:Dermoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal / Q000379:methods; D010212:Papilloma / Q000473:pathology; D010409:Penile Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology