title: Long-term use of cochlear implants in older adults: results from a large consecutive case series.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate rates of long-term use of cochlear implants in a large, consecutive case series of older adults (≥60 yr).
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary referral center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Approximately 447 individuals 60 years or older who received their first CI from 1999 to 2011. We successfully contacted 397 individuals (89%) to ascertain data on the individual's daily CI use averaged over the past 4 weeks.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cochlear implantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Regular CI use was defined as 8 hours or greater of use per day. We investigated the time from implantation to the date when an individual reported discontinuing regular CI use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall rate of regular CI use at 13.5 years of follow-up was 82.6% (95% CI, 72.5%-89.3%). Individuals who received a CI at 60 to 74 years had significantly higher rates of regular CI use at 13.5 years of follow-up (91.1% [95% CI, 83.2%-95.4%], n = 251) than individuals who received a CI at 75 years or older (55.7% [95% CI, 24.9%-78.1%], n = 146). The rate of discontinuing regular CI use (<8 hr/d) increased on average by 7.8% (95% CI, 3.0%-12.8%) per year of age at implantation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rates of long-term CI use in older adults at more than 10 years of follow-up exceed 80%. The rate of discontinuing regular CI use was strongly associated with older age at implantation. These results suggest that early implantation of older adults, once critically low levels of speech recognition are present, is associated with greater usage of the device.
authors.affiliation: *Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; †Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health; ‡Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland; §Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and ∥Departments of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Geriatric Medicine, Mental Health and Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Janet S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Kevin J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Contrera
authors.forename: Joshua F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Betz
authors.forename: Caitlin R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Blake
authors.forename: John K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Niparko
authors.forename: Frank R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019929:Cochlear Implantation; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D005260:Female; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome