title: Differential interferences with clinical chemistry assays by gold nanorods, and gold and silica nanospheres.
abstract: Nanomaterials are known to cause interference with several standard toxicological assays. As part of an in vivo study of PEG-coated gold nanorods in mice, nanorods were added to reference serum, and results for standard clinical chemistry parameters were compared with serum analyzed without nanorods. PEG-coated gold nanorods produced several concentration-dependent interferences. Comparisons were then made with PEG-coated gold and silica nanospheres. Interferences were observed for both materials that differed from gold nanorods. Removal of the particles from serum by centrifugation prior to analysis resolved most, but not all of the interferences. Additional clinical chemistry analyzers were used to further investigate trends in assay interference. We conclude that PEG-coated gold and silica nanoparticles can interfere with standard clinical chemistry tests in ways that vary depending upon material, shape, and specific assay methodology employed. Assay interferences by nanomaterials cannot always be predicted, underscoring the need to verify that nanomaterials under study do not interfere with methods used to evaluate potential biological effects.
authors.affiliation: Center for Environmental & Human Toxicology and.
authors.forename: Georgia K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Hinkley
authors.forename: Paul L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Carpinone
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Munson
authors.forename: Kevin W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Powers
authors.forename: Stephen M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Roberts
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019963:Clinical Chemistry Tests / Q000592:standards*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D054118:Nanospheres / Q000737:chemistry*; D043942:Nanotubes / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence
chemical_list: D006046:Gold; D012822:Silicon Dioxide
keywords: Assay interference; clinical chemistry; in vivo; nanotoxicology; particle characterization