title: Intraspecific variation in physiological condition of reef-building corals associated with differential levels of chronic disturbance.
abstract: Even in the absence of major disturbances (e.g., cyclones, bleaching), corals are subject to high levels of partial or whole-colony mortality, often caused by chronic and small-scale disturbances. Depending on levels of background mortality, these chronic disturbances may undermine individual fitness and have significant consequences on the ability of colonies to withstand subsequent acute disturbances or environmental change. This study quantified intraspecific variations in physiological condition (measured based on total lipid content and zooxanthellae density) through time in adult colonies of two common and widespread coral species (Acropora spathulata and Pocillopora damicornis), subject to different levels of biological and physical disturbances along the most disturbed reef habitat, the crest. Marked intraspecific variation in the physiological condition of A. spathulata was clearly linked to differences in local disturbance regimes and habitat. Specifically, zooxanthellae density decreased (r2 = 26, df = 5,42, p<0.02, B =  -121255, p = 0.03) and total lipid content increased (r2 = 14, df = 5,42, p = 0.01, B = 0.9, p = 0.01) with increasing distance from exposed crests. Moreover, zooxanthellae density was strongly and negatively correlated with the individual level of partial mortality (r2 = 26, df = 5,42, p<0.02, B =  -7386077, p = 0.01). Conversely, P. damicornis exhibited very limited intraspecific variation in physiological condition, despite marked differences in levels of partial mortality. This is the first study to relate intraspecific variation in the condition of corals to localized differences in chronic disturbance regimes. The next step is to ascertain whether these differences have further ramifications for susceptibility to periodic acute disturbances, such as climate-induced coral bleaching.
authors.affiliation: ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia; AIMS@JCU,Australian Institute of Marine Science, School of Marine Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pisapia
authors.affiliation: ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.
authors.forename: Kristen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.
authors.forename: Morgan S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Pratchett
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D037421:Anthozoa / Q000502:physiology*; D001315:Australia; D002980:Climate; D057231:Climate Change; D057894:Coral Reefs; D055867:Cyclonic Storms; D017753:Ecosystem; D004777:Environment; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013045:Species Specificity; D013559:Symbiosis
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids