title: Quality characteristics of gluten-free cookies made of buckwheat, corn, and rice flour with/without transglutaminase.
abstract: Buckwheat is one of the most valuable pseudo-cereals in terms of its nutritional composition, and it is suitable for celiac patients because of its gluten-free characteristic. However, gluten is the main structure-forming protein responsible for the development of structure in baked products. Therefore, it is a challenge to produce high-quality gluten-free products. Transglutaminase addition is a relatively common application used in the production of gluten-free baked goods. The objective of this study was to investigate the combination of buckwheat flour with rice and corn flour at different levels in gluten-free cookie formulations and the impact of transglutaminase on the quality of cookies. Quality parameters evaluated were proximal chemical composition, spread ratio, color, and textural parameters (hardness and fracturability). Spread ratio, protein, crude fiber, ash content, and also b* and hardness values were significantly (p < 0.05) affected by flour combinations. Further, addition of transglutaminase resulted in increased moisture content, spread ratio, and fracturability but decreased hardness values.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Engineering, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gülçin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Altındağ
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Engineering, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey certel@akdeniz.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Muharrem
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Certel
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Engineering, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fundagül
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Erem
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Engineering, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ülgen
authors.initials: Ü
authors.lastname: İlknur Konak
mesh_terms: D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000178:diet therapy; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D003116:Color; D055050:Diet, Gluten-Free; D019612:Fagopyrum / Q000737:chemistry*; D005433:Flour / Q000032:analysis; D005503:Food Additives / Q000032:analysis; D005983:Glutens / Q000032:analysis*; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D011503:Transglutaminases / Q000032:analysis*; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005503:Food Additives; D005983:Glutens; D011503:Transglutaminases
keywords: Buckwheat; corn; gluten-free cookie; rice; transglutaminase