title: Amylocyclicin, a novel circular bacteriocin produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42.
abstract: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42 is a Gram-positive plant growth-promoting bacterium with an impressive capacity to synthesize nonribosomal secondary metabolites with antimicrobial activity. Here we report on a novel circular bacteriocin which is ribosomally synthesized by FZB42. The compound displayed high antibacterial activity against closely related Gram-positive bacteria. Transposon mutagenesis and subsequent site-specific mutagenesis combined with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectroscopy revealed that a cluster of six genes covering 4,490 bp was responsible for the production, modification, and export of and immunity to an antibacterial compound, here designated amylocyclicin, with a molecular mass of 6,381 Da. Peptide sequencing of the fragments obtained after tryptic digestion of the purified peptide revealed posttranslational cleavage of an N-terminal extension and head-to-tail circularization of the novel bacteriocin. Homology to other putative circular bacteriocins in related bacteria let us assume that this type of peptide is widespread among the Bacillus/Paenibacillus taxon.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Biologie/Bakteriengenetik, Humboldt Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Romy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Scholz
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vater
authors.forename: Anto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Budiharjo
authors.forename: Zhiyuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yueqiu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Kristin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dietel
authors.forename: Torsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schwecke
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Herfort
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lasch
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Borriss
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001407:Bacillus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001430:Bacteriocins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000502:physiology*; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D009154:Mutation
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001430:Bacteriocins