title: Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity and their association with dyslipidemia in Korean elderly men: the 2008-2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recently, aging has been shown to be associated with sarcopenic obesity (SO), of which decreased muscle mass and increased fat mass are features. Sarcopenia and obesity alone are known to be associated with abnormal lipid metabolism. However, it remains unclear whether SO has greater adverse effects on dyslipidemia than on sarcopenia or obesity alone.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to investigate the association between SO and dyslipidemia in elderly Koreans.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was based on data collected during the 2008-2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We included 1,466 men and 2,017 women aged 65 years and over. Sarcopenia was indicated in participants with height- or weight-adjusted appendicular skeletal muscle that was 1 standard deviation below the sex-specific mean for the young reference group, and obesity was defined as a body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m(2). Dyslipidemia was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjusting for confounding factors, the SO group had a higher risk for dyslipidemia [odds ratio (OR) 2.82 (95 % confidence interval 1.76-4.51)] than the obese group [2.12 (1.11-4.07)] and sarcopenic group [1.46 (1.01-2.11)] (p < 0.001) only in men. Furthermore, the SO group in men had the highest OR for hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypo-high-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia, hyper-low-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia, and a high ratio of triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol even after further adjustments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In Korean elderly men, SO was associated with an increased risk for dyslipidemia compared with sarcopenia or obesity alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Bok
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D055948:Sarcopenia / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors