title: Tuberculosis: clinical trials and new drug regimens.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent advances in the development of new drugs and regimens provide hope that well tolerated, effective, and shorter-duration treatments for tuberculosis (TB) will become available. This review covers the recent trials of new TB drugs and regimens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Moxifloxacin and levofloxacin have equally good efficacy and safety in the early phase of treatment of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB), and linezolid has the potential to cure refractory cases of MDR-TB. Bedaquiline and delamanid may be the best drug candidates for enhancing treatment options for MDR-TB. New chemicals, such as sutezolid, AZD5847, PA-824, SQ109, and BTZ043, show potent activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Late-generation fluoroquinolones in combination with the first-line and second-line anti-TB drugs have been used to shorten the treatment duration in drug-susceptible and MDR-TB.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  New drugs and new combination regimens in clinical trials are expected to increase therapeutic efficacy and shorten treatment duration in both drug-susceptible and drug-resistant TB.
authors.affiliation: aDepartment of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju bDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea *Yong-Soo Kwon and Byeong-Ho Jeong contributed equally to the writing of this work.
authors.forename: Yong-Soo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Byeong-Ho
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Won-Jung
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Koh
mesh_terms: D000081:Acetamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D000218:Adamantane / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D064687:Diarylquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D015195:Drug Design; D005029:Ethylenediamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D064704:Levofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000069349:Linezolid; D008297:Male; D000077266:Moxifloxacin; D009593:Nitroimidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D010080:Oxazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D023303:Oxazolidinones / Q000494:pharmacology; D013141:Spiro Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D013843:Thiazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: C540716:2-(2-methyl-1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro(4.5)dec-8-yl)-8-nitro-6-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,3-benzothiazin-4-one; D000081:Acetamides; D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D064687:Diarylquinolines; D005029:Ethylenediamines; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; C506841:N-geranyl-N'-(2-adamantyl)ethane-1,2-diamine; D009593:Nitroimidazoles; C516022:OPC-67683; D010080:Oxazoles; D023303:Oxazolidinones; D013141:Spiro Compounds; D013843:Thiazines; C410767:pretomanid; D064704:Levofloxacin; C493870:bedaquiline; C453362:posizolid; D000069349:Linezolid; D000218:Adamantane; D000077266:Moxifloxacin