title: The use of Mycobacterium tuberculosis HspX and GlcB proteins to identify latent tuberculosis in rheumatoid arthritis patients.
abstract: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterised by the destruction of articular cartilage and bone damage. The chronic treatment of RA patients causes a higher susceptibility to infectious diseases such as tuberculosis (TB); one-third of the world's population is latently infected (LTBI) with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). The tuberculin skin test is used to identify individuals LTBI, but many studies have shown that this test is not suitable for RA patients. The goal of this work was to test the specific cellular immune responses to the Mtb malate synthase (GlcB) and heat shock protein X (HspX) antigens of RA patients and to correlate those responses with LTBI status. The T-helper (Th)1, Th17 and Treg-specific immune responses to the GlcB and HspX Mtb antigens were analysed in RA patients candidates for tumour necrosis factor-α blocker treatment. Our results demonstrated that LTBI RA patients had Th1-specific immune responses to GlcB and HspX. Patients were followed up over two years and 14.3% developed active TB. After the development of active TB, RA patients had increased numbers of Th17 and Treg cells, similar to TB patients. These results demonstrate that a GlcB and HspX antigen assay can be used as a diagnostic test to identify LTBI RA patients.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, GoiâniaGO, Brasil, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia , Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública , Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brasil.
authors.forename: Bruna Daniella Souza
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Goiás, GoiâniaGO, Brasil, Departamento de Clínica Médica , Faculdade de Medicina , Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brasil.
authors.forename: Daniela Graner Schuwartz
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Tannus-Silva
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Goiás, GoiâniaGO, Brasil, Departamento de Clínica Médica , Faculdade de Medicina , Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brasil.
authors.forename: Marcelo Fouad
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Rabahi
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, GoiâniaGO, Brasil, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia , Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública , Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brasil.
authors.forename: Andre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kipnis
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, GoiâniaGO, Brasil, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia , Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública , Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brasil.
authors.forename: Ana Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Junqueira-Kipnis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000276:immunology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D055985:Latent Tuberculosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008292:Malate Synthase / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000032:analysis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C118127:HspX protein, Mycobacterium tuberculosis; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D008292:Malate Synthase