title: Music for patients with hematological malignancies undergoing bone marrow biopsy: a randomized controlled study of anxiety, perceived pain, and patient satisfaction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the impact of random assignment to music versus usual care on anxiety, perceived pain level and patient satisfaction in patients undergoing bone marrow biopsies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomized to music or usual care after completing a baseline questionnaire. All patients completed a post-procedure questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Study participants (N=59) had a mean age of 50.9 years (SD = 13.9; range 22-78). Post-procedure state anxiety (STAI) and pain rating (VAS) were not significantly different between groups (STAI p=0.766; VAS p=0.771). However, patient satisfaction with music was high; 66% of these patients said they very much preferred to listen to music at a future biopsy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While there were no significant group differences for the music intervention compared to standard of care for anxiety or perceived pain, additional feedback indicated that patients found the music intervention beneficial and requested use of music during future procedures.
authors.affiliation: Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157.
authors.forename: Suzanne C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Danhauer
authors.affiliation: Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157 ; University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte, NC, 28223.
authors.forename: Tanya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vishnevsky
authors.affiliation: Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157.
authors.forename: Cassie R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.affiliation: Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157.
authors.forename: Thomas P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: McCoy
authors.affiliation: Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157.
authors.forename: Janet A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Tooze
authors.affiliation: Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157.
authors.forename: Katherine N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Kanipe
authors.affiliation: Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157.
authors.forename: Sheila A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Arrington
authors.affiliation: Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157.
authors.forename: Elizabeth K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.affiliation: Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157.
authors.forename: Mary B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.affiliation: Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157.
authors.forename: David D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Hurd
authors.affiliation: Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157 ; West Virginia University School of Medicine, Charleston, WV, 26503.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cruz
keywords: Anxiety; Bone Marrow Biopsy; Hematological Malignancy; Mind-Body Intervention; Music; Pain