title: Association of urinary bisphenol a concentration with type-2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bisphenol A as an endocrine-disrupting chemical is widely used chemical in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resin and has become ubiquitous environmental contaminants. Human exposure to Bisphenol A is widespread and recent studies have been shown to be associated with a higher risk for self-reported adverse health outcomes that may lead to insulin resistance and the development of type-2 diabetes mellitus. In this context, we sought to confirm the association between Bisphenol A and diabetes in a community-based analysis of Bisphenol A urinary concentrations investigation in adult population of Iran.
  
  
  METHODS
  Regression models were adjusted for age, sex, Body Mass Index, serum triglyceride level and serum cholesterol level and serum creatinine concentration. Main outcomes were reported diagnoses of diabetes that defined according the latest American Diabetes Association guidelines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median age of the 239 participants was 51.65 years and 119 people had type-2 diabetes mellitus. Urinary Bisphenol A was categorized into two groups based on the median for Bisphenol A (≤0. 85 to >0.85 μg/L). The results of statistical analysis revealed a clear association between hypertension, and type 2 diabetes (P < 0.05). The multi variable-adjusted odds ratio for type-2 diabetes mellitus associated with the group 1 (referent), of urinary Bisphenol A was 57.6 (95% confidence interval: 21.10-157.05; P-value < 0.001). A positive correlation between HbA1c and urinary BPA concentration was observed (r = 0.63, P = 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Urinary Bisphenol A levels are found to be associated with diabetes independent of traditional diabetes risk factors. Higher Bisphenol A exposure, reflected in higher urinary concentrations of Bisphenol A, is consistently associated with diabetes in the general adult population of the Iran. Studies to clarify the mechanisms of these associations are urgently needed.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ahmadkhaniha
authors.forename: Masoumeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mansouri
authors.forename: Masud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yunesian
authors.forename: Kobra
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Omidfar
authors.forename: Maryam Zare
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Jeddi
authors.forename: Bagher
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Larijani
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mesdaghinia
authors.affiliation: Center for Air Pollution Research(CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research(IER), University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. nr_rastkari@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Noushin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rastkari