title: Duodenal follicular lymphoma: comprehensive gene expression analysis with insights into pathogenesis.
abstract: Follicular lymphoma (FL) of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly duodenal follicular lymphoma (DFL), is a rare variant of FL with indolent clinical behavior, and this disease is included in the 2008 World Health Organization classification system. In contrast to nodal follicular lymphoma (NFL), DFL occurs most frequently in the second part of the duodenum, lacks follicular dendritic cell meshworks and has memory B-cell characteristics. However, its molecular pathogenesis is still unclear. In the present study, we examined 10 DFL, 18 NFL and 10 gastric MALT lymphoma samples using gene expression analysis. Quantitative RT-PCR experiments and immunohistochemical analysis for 72 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from an independent series, including 32 DFL, 19 gastric MALT lymphoma and 27 NFL samples, were performed for validation of microarray data. Gene expression profiles of the three lymphoma types were compared using 2918 differentially expressed genes (DEG) and results suggested that DFL shares characteristics of MALT lymphoma. Among these DEG, CCL20 and MAdCAM-1 were upregulated in DFL and MALT but downregulated in NFL. In contrast, protocadherin gamma subfamily genes were upregulated in DFL and NFL. Quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemical studies demonstrated concordant results. Double immunofluorescence studies revealed that CCL20 and CCR6 were co-expressed in both DFL and MALT. We hypothesize that increased expression of CCL20 and MAdCAM-1 and co-expression of CCL20 and CCR6 may play an important role in tumorigenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takata
authors.forename: Motohiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanino
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ennishi
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tari
authors.forename: Yasuharu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Yoshinobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Naoe
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.forename: Mai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Midori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.forename: Masaya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwamuro
authors.forename: Mitsune
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanimoto
authors.forename: Kazuhide
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Randy D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Gascoyne
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshino
mesh_terms: D015820:Cadherins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics; D054418:Chemokine CCL20 / Q000235:genetics; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004379:Duodenal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004386:Duodenum / Q000473:pathology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000235:genetics; D018442:Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008224:Lymphoma, Follicular / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009088:Mucoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D054399:Receptors, CCR6 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: C108355:CCL20 protein, human; C106311:CCR6 protein, human; D015820:Cadherins; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D054418:Chemokine CCL20; D007136:Immunoglobulins; C504265:MADCAM1 protein, human; D009088:Mucoproteins; D054399:Receptors, CCR6
keywords: CCL20; MALT lymphoma; MAdCAM-1; duodenal follicular lymphoma; gene expression profile