title: The unique response of renin and aldosterone to dietary sodium intervention in sodium sensitivity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sodium sensitivity (SS) is a phenomenon in which significant changes in blood pressure (BP) are observed based on sodium intake. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays a critical role in sodium handling and hypertension. We identified the specific responses of renin and aldosterone based on dietary sodium intake and revealed the relationship between these hormonal changes and dietary sodium intake in patients with SS.
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 61 subjects were available to analyze full data including plasma renin activity (PRA) and aldosterone. Participants were given a low-sodium DASH diet (LSD) for 7 days and a high-sodium DASH diet (HSD) for the following 7 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SS was found in five (14.71%) in normotensives, and 14 (51.85%) in hypertensives. In sodium-resistant (SR) subjects, both PRA and aldosterone decreased significantly after consuming HSD. Moreover, a significant correlation was observed between PRA and aldosterone in SR subjects. In contrast, only hypertensive subjects showed a marked fall in PRA after consuming HSD (1.299 ± 0.904 vs. 0.593 ± 0.479) among SS subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated the different responses of renin and aldosterone in SS and SR subjects based on dietary sodium intake whether or not they had hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University-Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Joon
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University-Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: ChiYeon
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Center for Obesity, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Department of Family Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University-Seoul, Republic of Korea mooyong_rhee@dumc.or.kr.
authors.forename: Moo-Yong
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Rhee
mesh_terms: D000450:Aldosterone / Q000097:blood*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D004039:Diet, Sodium-Restricted; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood*; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary; D012982:Sodium, Dietary; D000450:Aldosterone; D012083:Renin
keywords: Renin; aldosterone; hypertension; sodium sensitivity