title: The blood-based glycophorin A (GPA) human in vivo somatic mutation assay.
abstract: The glycophorin A assay concurrently detects and quantifies erythrocytes with allele-loss phenotypes at the autosomal locus responsible for the polymorphic MN blood group. It uses a pair of allele-specific monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry to efficiently analyze a standard population of five million cells. Two distinct variant phenotypes are detected: simple allele loss and allele loss followed by reduplication of the remaining allele; both are consistent with the mechanisms underlying "loss of heterozygosity" at tumor-suppressor genes. The assay is an intermediate biomarker of biological effect in the somatic mutational model of human cancer and has been applied to populations with a known or suspected genotoxic exposure, to patients with hereditary syndromes causing predisposition to cancer (where the assay has been applied diagnostically), and to patients manifesting cancer as a disease endpoint.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Nicole T
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: Stephen G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Grant
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000502:physiology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D017353:Gene Deletion; D006021:Glycophorins / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity; D010641:Phenotype
chemical_list: C409972:GYPA protein, human; D006021:Glycophorins