title: Human spermatozoa antigens in unexplained infertility.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine and compare the immunolocalization of functionally important antigens in human spermatozoa in an unexplained infertility (UI) group.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, the sperm samples of 20 patients undergoing evaluation belonging to normozoospermic group, whose primary reason of infertility was under investigation for this purpose, were screened. CD46, CD55 and CD52, CD69, CD98, fMLP, HI307, and 80280 were stained on the spermatozoa through indirect immunofluorescence technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In addition to CD46, CD55, and CD52 antigens, which are known to be localized on human spermatozoa, significant immunolocalization of several novel antigens including: CD52, CD69, CD98, fMLP, HI307, and 80280 were determined on the spermatozoa of the unexplained infertility group, possibly reflecting important roles in the pathophysiology of such unresolved clinical situations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Identification and characterization of antigens present on sperm cells is crucial for understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of unexplained infertility. Further studies were conducted to evaluate a possible correlation between the expression of these antigens and clinical outcomes in different well-defined infertility groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. lalekarakoc@hacettepe.edu.tr
authors.forename: L Karakoc
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Sokmensuer
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Demir
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology & Embryology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zeybek
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology & Embryology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Asan
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gunalp
mesh_terms: D000941:Antigens / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000032:analysis; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D000074301:CD52 Antigen; D019002:CD56 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D027261:Fusion Regulatory Protein-1 / Q000032:analysis; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007246:Infertility / Q000276:immunology*; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D051916:Membrane Cofactor Protein / Q000032:analysis; D044042:Receptors, Formyl Peptide / Q000032:analysis; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000276:immunology*; D000099192:CD69 Antigens
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D000074301:CD52 Antigen; D019002:CD56 Antigen; D027261:Fusion Regulatory Protein-1; D006023:Glycoproteins; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D051916:Membrane Cofactor Protein; D044042:Receptors, Formyl Peptide; D000099192:CD69 Antigens; C000613862:CD52 protein, human