title: Active surveillance for clinically localized prostate cancer--a systematic review.
abstract: Active surveillance (AS) has been introduced as an observational strategy to delay or avoid curative treatment without compromising long-term cancer-specific survival. The 10 studies included in this review, published between 2008 and 2013, generally agreed upon patients selection for the AS strategy and how they should be managed within the program. However, uncertainties persists concerning optimal patient selection and reliable progression criteria, as well as the long-term safety of AS.
authors.affiliation: Copenhagen Prostate Cancer Center, Department of Urology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Frederik B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Thomsen
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Brasso
authors.forename: Laurence H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Klotz
authors.forename: M Andreas
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Røder
authors.forename: Kasper D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Berg
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Iversen
mesh_terms: D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011379:Prognosis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D057832:Watchful Waiting
keywords: active surveillance; progression criteria; prostate cancer; selection criteria; systematic review