title: Three-dimensional imaging of cavity vacuum with single atoms localized by a nanohole array.
abstract: Zero-point electromagnetic fields were first introduced to explain the origin of atomic spontaneous emission. Vacuum fluctuations associated with the zero-point energy in cavities are now utilized in quantum devices such as single-photon sources, quantum memories, switches and network nodes. Here we present three-dimensional (3D) imaging of vacuum fluctuations in a high-Q cavity based on the measurement of position-dependent emission of single atoms. Atomic position localization is achieved by using a nanoscale atomic beam aperture scannable in front of the cavity mode. The 3D structure of the cavity vacuum is reconstructed from the cavity output. The root mean squared amplitude of the vacuum field at the antinode is also measured to be 0.92±0.07 V cm(-1). The present work utilizing a single atom as a probe for sub-wavelength imaging demonstrates the utility of nanometre-scale technology in cavity quantum electrodynamics.
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea [2].
authors.forename: Moonjoo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea.
authors.forename: Junki
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea.
authors.forename: Wontaek
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Gue
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea.
authors.forename: Younghoon
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
authors.forename: Ramachandra R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Dasari
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyungwon
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: An
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods; D017655:Silicon Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D014618:Vacuum
chemical_list: D017655:Silicon Compounds; C032734:silicon nitride