title: Antimicrobial activity of gentamicin and vancomycin combination in joint fluids after antibiotic-loaded cement spacer implantation in two-stage revision surgery.
abstract: Gentamicin (G) and vancomycin (V) concentrations in joints fluids obtained from patients during the first 24 hours after implantation of antibiotic-loaded polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) spacers in two-stage revision for infected arthroplasty, and the inhibitory activity of joint fluids against different multiresistant clinical isolates were studied. A total of 12 patients undergoing two-stage revision surgery with implantation of industrial G spacers added with different amounts of V was studied. Serum and joint fluid samples were collected 1, 4, and 24 hours after spacer implantation. Antibiotics concentrations and joint bactericidal titer (JBT) of combination were determined against multiresistant staphylococcal strains. The local release of G and V from PMMA cement seemed prompt and effective. Serum levels were below the limit of detection. The same joint fluid showed different activity according to the susceptibility of the pathogens tested. Gentamicin and V were released from spacers at bactericidal concentrations exerting a strong inhibition against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) strains.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bertazzoni Minelli
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Benini
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Samaila
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bondi
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Magnan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005260:Female; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012086:Reoperation; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001843:Bone Cements; D005839:Gentamicins; D014640:Vancomycin; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate
keywords: Antibiotic combination,; Bactericidal titer,; Drug delivery system,; Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement,; Prosthetic infections,; Spacer implantation in vivo; Synergism,