title: Influence of dietary macronutrient composition on eating behaviour and self-perception in young women undergoing weight management.
abstract: The control of eating behaviours such as hunger and disinhibition is problematic for women during weight management. Higher-protein (HP) diets have been shown to promote greater weight reduction than higher-carbohydrate (HC) diets, but their impact on eating behaviours is relatively unexplored. This study compared two iso-energetically restricted (5,600 kJ/day) diets differing in protein (HP: 32%, HC: 20%) and carbohydrate (HP: 41%, HC: 58%) on appetite ratings, restraint, disinhibition, perceived hunger and binge eating in 36 (HP: n = 21, HC: n = 15) young (18-25 years), healthy women with BMI ≥27.5 kg/m(2) who completed a 12-month clinical weight management trial. Dietary compliance and self-worth were also assessed. Results showed that both diets induced improvements in restraint and disinhibition from baseline (p < 0.01), with HP participants losing a non-significantly greater amount of weight than HC participants (HP: 9.6 ± 2.6, HC: 4.1 ± 1.4 kg, p = 0.07). Despite reasonable compliance, no significant appetite and eating behaviour differences were observed between the diets. Reduction in disinhibition (regardless of diet) significantly predicted weight loss (β = 0.574, p < 0.001) and self-worth improvement (β = -0.463, p = 0.002), while HP intake predicted greater self-worth change (β = -0.371, p = 0.011). This study demonstrates that young women can improve restraint and disinhibition on a weight management programme, with the reduction in disinhibition shown to be a key predictor of weight loss. HP intake may offer some advantage for increasing self-worth but not eating behaviours. As HP diets are popular, these findings warrant confirmation in a larger sample.
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, P.O. Box 170, Lidcombe, NSW, 1825, Australia.
authors.forename: Hoi Lun
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Hayley
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Griffin
authors.forename: Bri-Ellen
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Claes
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Petocz
authors.forename: Katharine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Steinbeck
authors.forename: Kieron
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rooney
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: O'Connor
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004038:Diet, Reducing / Q000379:methods*; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006815:Hunger / Q000502:physiology*; D050177:Overweight / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D012649:Self Concept; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004044:Dietary Proteins