title: Protective effect of curcumin against contrast induced nephropathy in rat kidney: what is happening to oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy and apoptosis?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Currently, the number of imaging and interventional procedures that use contrast agents (CAs) is gradually increasing. Oxidative stress plays a significant role in its pathophysiology. Curcumin (CC) is a natural substance with strong antioxidant efficacy.
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 24 male Wistar-albino rats were divided into four groups with seven rats in each group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Biochemical measurements showed a significant increase (p < 0.001) in urea, creatinine and malondialdehyde (MDA) but a significant decrease (p < 0.001) in glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels in the contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) group compared with the control group. The immunohistochemical examination revealed a significant increase in autophagic and apoptotic cell death ratios and in the inflammatory signal (p < 0.05). Compared with the CIN group, a significant improvement in these unfavorable parameters was observed with CC therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The preventive efficacy of CC against an experimental model of CIN has been demonstrated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University, Erzincan, Turkey. mutlubuyuklu@gmail.com  
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Buyuklu
authors.forename: F Mehmet
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Kandemir
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ozkaraca
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Set
authors.forename: E Murat
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Bakirci
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Topal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D003287:Contrast Media; D003474:Curcumin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019610:Cytoprotection; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007479:Iopamidol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D009393:Nephritis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D003287:Contrast Media; C057937:iomeprol; D003474:Curcumin; D007479:Iopamidol