title: Kolaviron, a biflavonoid fraction from Garcinia kola, protects against isoproterenol-induced injury by mitigating cardiac dysfunction and oxidative stress in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the cardioprotective effects of kolaviron (KV), a biflavonoid from Garcinia kola seeds, in rats intoxicated with isoproterenol chloride (ISO) while quercetin (QUE) served as standard.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-two male Wistar rats (180-200 g) were randomly divided into seven groups of six rats each. Group 1 served as control; group 2 received ISO (85 mg/kg subcutaneously); groups 3, 4 and 5 received ISO and KV1 [100 mg/kg orally (p.o.)], KV2 (200 mg/kg, p.o.) and QUE (25 mg/kg, p.o.), respectively; and groups 6 and 7 received QUE and KV2, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Administration of ISO caused significant (p<0.05) elevation of serum creatine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase by 2.2-, 1.9-, 2.1-, 1.9- and 1.7-fold, respectively, relative to controls, with a concomitant decrease in cardiac activities of these enzymes. Administration of ISO led to significant decrease (p<0.05) in the levels of cardiac superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, reduced glutathione and increase in malondialdehyde (MDA). Also, ISO-treated rats had significantly higher values of serum total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol relative to controls. Supplementation with KV2 and QUE caused significant elevation of cardiac antioxidant enzymes, normalized the marker enzymes and reduced MDA levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  KV protects against ISO-induced cardiotoxicity in vivo, suggesting its usefulness as a possible chemoprophylactic agent against cardiotoxic drugs.
authors.forename: Oluwatosin Adekunle
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Adaramoye
authors.forename: Semiu Olasoju
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Lawal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066126:Cardiotoxicity / Q000517:prevention & control; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029763:Garcinia kola / Q000737:chemistry*; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000633:toxicity; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D011794:Quercetin / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012639:Seeds
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D005419:Flavonoids; D011794:Quercetin; D007545:Isoproterenol; C045492:kolaviron