title: Application of mesenchymal stem cells in bone regenerative procedures in oral implantology. A literature review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this work was to review de literature about the role of mesenchymal stem cells in bone regenerative procedures in oral implantology, specifically, in the time require to promote bone regeneration.
  
  
  METHODS
  [corrected] A bibliographic search was carried out in PUBMED with a combination of different key words. Animal and human studies that assessed histomorphometrically the influence of mesenchymal stem cells on bone regeneration procedures in oral implantology surgeries were examined. Reults: - Alveolar regeneration: Different controlled histomorphometric animal studies showed that bone regeneration is faster using stem cells seeded in scaffolds than using scaffolds or platelet rich plasma alone. Human studies revealed that stem cells increase bone regeneration. - Maxillary sinus lift: Controlled studies in animals and in humans showed higher bone regeneration applying stem cells compared with controls. - Periimplantary bone regeneration and alveolar distraction: Studies in animals showed higher regeneration when stem cells are used. In humans, no evidence of applying mesenchymal stem cells in these regeneration procedures was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stem cells may promote bone regeneration and be useful in bone regenerative procedures in oral implantology, but no firm conclusions can be drawn from the rather limited clinical studies so far performed. Key words:Mesenchymal stem cells, bone regeneration, dental implants, oral surgery, tissue engineering.
authors.affiliation: Master of Oral Surgery and Implantology. Valencia University Medical and Dental School. Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Jose A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Viña
authors.affiliation: Department of physiology. Valencia University Medical School. Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Marya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: El-Alami
authors.affiliation: Department of physiology. Valencia University Medical School. Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gambini
authors.affiliation: Department of physiology. Valencia University Medical School. Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Consuelo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Borras
authors.affiliation: Department of physiology. Valencia University Medical School. Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Viña
authors.affiliation: Assistant professor of Oral Surgery. University Medical and Dental School. Professor of Master of Oral Surgery and Implantology. Valencia University Medical and Dental School. Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: María A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Peñarrocha