title: Alterations in the endometrium of rats, rabbits, and Macaca mulatta that received an implantation of copper/low-density polyethylene nanocomposite.
abstract: A copper/low-density polyethylene nanocomposite (nano-Cu/LDPE), a potential intrauterine device component material, has been developed from our research. A logical extension of our previous work, this study was conducted to investigate the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), substance P (SP), and substance P receptor (SP-R) in the endometrium of Sprague Dawley rats, New Zealand White rabbits, and Macaca mulatta implanted with nano-Cu/LDPE composite. The influence of the nano-Cu/LDPE composite on the morphology of the endometrium was also investigated. Animals were randomly divided into five groups: the sham-operated control group (SO group), bulk copper group (Cu group), LDPE group, and nano-Cu/LDPE groups I and II. An expression of PAI-1, SP, and SP-R in the endometrial tissues was examined by immunohistochemistry at day 30, 60, 90, and 180 postimplantation. The significant difference for PAI-1, SP, and SP-R between the nano-Cu/LDPE groups and the SO group (P<0.05) was identified when the observation period was terminated, and the changes of nano-Cu/LDPE on these parameters were less remarkable than those of the Cu group (P<0.05). The damage to the endometrial morphology caused by the nano-Cu/LDPE composite was much less than that caused by bulk copper. The nano-Cu/LDPE composite might be a potential substitute for conventional materials for intrauterine devices in the future because of its decreased adverse effects on the endometrial microenvironment.
authors.affiliation: Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li-Xia
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.affiliation: Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Ling
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shi-Fu
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China ; Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hefang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhen
authors.affiliation: Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Haihong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Di
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Changsheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xianping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Changhong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D060833:Cellular Microenvironment / Q000187:drug effects; D004343:Drug Implants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D004717:Endometrium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D007435:Intrauterine Devices, Copper / Q000009:adverse effects; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008422:Materials Testing; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D020959:Polyethylene / Q000737:chemistry; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018040:Receptors, Neurokinin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D013373:Substance P / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004343:Drug Implants; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D018040:Receptors, Neurokinin-1; D013373:Substance P; D020959:Polyethylene
keywords: copper/low-density polyethylene nanocomposite; endometrium; intrauterine device; side effects