title: Dental caries, prevalence and risk factors in patients with Crohn's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study tested the hypothesis that patients with Crohn's disease (CD) have a higher prevalence and risk for caries compared to people without CD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with CD were divided into groups; 71 patients (50.7 ± 13.9 years) who had gone through resective intestinal surgery and 79 patients (42.0 ± 14.4 years) who had not. The patients were compared to 75 controls (48.6 ± 13.4 years) regarding DMF-T and DMF-S, Lactobacilli (LB), Streptococcus mutans (SM), salivary flow and dental plaque. Statistical methods including ANOVA or Chi-square test for calculation of demographic differences between groups, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) to compare the clinical variable and Post hoc analyses were done with Fischers Least Significant Difference test or Chi-square. Non-parametric Spearman's correlation matrix coefficient was estimated between clinical variables and disease duration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CD patients who had been subjected to resective surgery had a higher DMF-S score (50.7 versus 36.5; p = 0.01) compared to the control group after adjusting for age, gender and smoking. These patients had higher counts of SM (1.5 versus 0.9; p = 0.04) and LB (10000.0 versus 1000.0; p = 0.01), and more dental plaque (53.7 versus 22.6; p = 0.001). CD patients reported a more frequent consumption of sweetened drinks between meals compared to controls (p = 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study shows that patients with CD who had undergone resective surgery had a higher DMFs score, and higher salivary counts of Lactobacilli and Streptococcus mutans compared to the control group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Periodontology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Szymanska
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepathology at Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Stockholm Gastro Center, Sophiahemmet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Mikael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lördal
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Periodontology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
authors.forename: Nilminie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rathnayake
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Periodontology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gustafsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Periodontology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
authors.forename: Annsofi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Johannsen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D004245:DMF Index; D003710:Demography; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology