title: Accumulation of eicosapolyenoic acids enhances sensitivity to abscisic acid and mitigates the effects of drought in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana.
abstract: IgASE1, a C₁₈ Δ(9)-specific polyunsaturated fatty acid elongase from the marine microalga Isochrysis galbana, is able to convert linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid to eicosadienoic acid and eicosatrienoic acid in Arabidopsis. Eicosadienoic acid and eicosatrienoic acid are precursors of arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid, which are synthesized via the Δ(8) desaturation biosynthetic pathways. This study shows that the IgASE1-expressing transgenic Arabidopsis exhibited altered morphology (decreased leaf area and biomass) and enhanced drought resistance compared to wild-type plants. The transgenic Arabidopsis were hypersensitive to abscisic acid (ABA) during seed germination, post-germination growth, and seedling development. They had elevated leaf ABA levels under well-watered and dehydrated conditions and their stomata were more sensitive to ABA. Exogenous application of eicosadienoic acid and eicosatrienoic acid can mimic ABA and drought responses in the wild type plants, similar to that found in the transgenic ones. The transcript levels of genes involved in the biosynthesis of ABA (NCED3, ABA1, AAO3) as well as other stress-related genes were upregulated in this transgenic line upon osmotic stress (300 mM mannitol). Taken together, these results indicate that these two eicosapolyenoic acids or their derived metabolites can mitigate the effects of drought in transgenic Arabidopsis, at least in part, through the action of ABA.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaowei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Yaxiao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shiyang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Xinzheng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Baoxiu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Qi
mesh_terms: D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D018533:Biomass; D055864:Droughts; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000378:metabolism; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D018525:Germination; D058087:Haptophyta / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D008353:Mannitol / Q000378:metabolism; D009997:Osmotic Pressure; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000378:metabolism*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D019076:Transgenes; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid; D008353:Mannitol; D000040:Abscisic Acid
keywords: ABA; Arabidopsis; IgASE1; abscisic acid; drought resistance; eicosapolyenoic acids