title: Personal values and political activism: a cross-national study.
abstract: Using data from 28 countries in four continents, the present research addresses the question of how basic values may account for political activism. Study 1 (N = 35,116) analyses data from representative samples in 20 countries that responded to the 21-item version of the Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ-21) in the European Social Survey. Study 2 (N = 7,773) analyses data from adult samples in six of the same countries (Finland, Germany, Greece, Israel, Poland, and United Kingdom) and eight other countries (Australia, Brazil, Chile, Italy, Slovakia, Turkey, Ukraine, and United States) that completed the full 40-item PVQ. Across both studies, political activism relates positively to self-transcendence and openness to change values, especially to universalism and autonomy of thought, a subtype of self-direction. Political activism relates negatively to conservation values, especially to conformity and personal security. National differences in the strength of the associations between individual values and political activism are linked to level of democratization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vecchione
authors.forename: Shalom H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: Gian Vittorio
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Caprara
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schoen
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cieciuch
authors.forename: Jo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Silvester
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bain
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bianchi
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kirmanoglu
authors.forename: Cem
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baslevent
authors.forename: Catalin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mamali
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Manzi
authors.forename: Vassilis
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pavlopoulos
authors.forename: Tetyana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Posnova
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: Markku
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Verkasalo
authors.forename: Jan-Erik
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lönnqvist
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vondráková
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Welzel
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Alessandri
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001315:Australia; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011057:Politics; D012919:Social Behavior; D012945:Social Values; D013020:South America; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: cross-cultural; participation; political activism; values