title: Genetic variation in the GCG and in the GLP1R genes and antipsychotic-induced weight gain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  GLP-1 plays a key role in glucose metabolism and influences antipsychotic-induced weight gain (AIWG). Our study is the first to investigate the encoding gene, GCG, and the GLP-1 receptor gene, GLP1R, and association with AIWG.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 216 schizophrenic patients treated with antipsychotics for up to 14 weeks, we investigated four GCG and 33 GLP1R polymorphisms. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS, Haploview 4.2, UNPHASED 3.1.4 and the R-package mbmdr.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed association of rs13429709 near GCG with AIWG (p(corr) = 0.044) in patients of European ancestry receiving olanzapine or clozapine (n = 87). We also found significant gene-gene interaction between rs13429709 and rs2268639 in GLP1R. Only nonsignificant trends were observed for GLP1R polymorphisms with AIWG.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found significant association of rs13429709 with AIWG. Although there was no significant finding for GLP1R, the observed trends and interaction suggest this to be an interesting gene for further examination.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacogenetics Research Clinic, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction & Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Eva J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Brandl
authors.forename: Arun K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Tiwari
authors.forename: Nabilah I
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Chowdhury
authors.forename: Clement C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Zai
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lieberman
authors.forename: Herbert Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Meltzer
authors.forename: James L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Müller
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003024:Clozapine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies / Q000379:methods; D005838:Genotype; D000067757:Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D000077152:Olanzapine; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D018027:Receptors, Glucagon / Q000235:genetics*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; C000593833:GLP1R protein, human; D000067757:Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor; D018027:Receptors, Glucagon; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D003024:Clozapine; D000077152:Olanzapine