title: Tumor-specific delivery of histidine-rich glycoprotein suppresses tumor growth and metastasis by anti-angiogenesis and vessel normalization.
abstract: Histidine-proline-rich glycoprotein (HPRG) is a plasma protein of vertebrates, which has potent antiangiogenic and tumor vessel normalization properties. Attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium strain VNP20009 preferentially accumulates and replicates in hypoxic tumor regions. In this study, we engineered VNP20009 to express HPRG under the control of a hypoxia-induced NirB promoter and evaluated the efficacy of the VNP20009-mediated targeted expressionof HPRG (VNP-pNHPRG) on tumor growth in primary and metastatic tumor models. When VNP-pNHPRG was administered to melanoma tumor mice by intraperitoneal injection, the NirB promoter controlled HPRG expression in tumor, which inhibited tumor vessel density and areas as well as regulated vascular normalization. VNP-pNHPRG significantly delayed tumor growth and enhanced survival time in primary B16F10 mice model and markedly suppressed lung metastatic tumor growth and prolonged survival time in B16F10 metastatic tumor models. Furthermore, VNP-pNHPRG down-regulated the HIF-1α-VEGF/Ang-2 signal pathway by altering the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. These results showed that VNP20009-mediated targeted expression of HPRG provides a novel cancer gene therapeutic approach for the treatment of primary and metastatic cancer.
authors.forename: Xiawei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Xiaoxin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Jianxiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Cailie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Bingya
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China. zchua@nju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zi-Chun
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Hua
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000187:drug effects*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011506:Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D000099053:Histidine-Rich Glycoprotein
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; C478239:NirB protein, Salmonella typhimurium; D011506:Proteins; D000099053:Histidine-Rich Glycoprotein