title: Genome-wide association studies identified novel loci for non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and its postprandial lipemic response.
abstract: Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(NHDL) is an independent and superior predictor of CVD risk as compared to low-density lipoprotein alone. It represents a spectrum of atherogenic lipid fractions with possibly a distinct genomic signature. We performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to identify loci influencing baseline NHDL and its postprandial lipemic (PPL) response. We carried out GWAS in 4,241 participants of European descent. Our discovery cohort included 928 subjects from the Genetics of Lipid-Lowering Drugs and Diet Network Study. Our replication cohorts included 3,313 subjects from the Heredity and Phenotype Intervention Heart Study and Family Heart Study. A linear mixed model using the kinship matrix was used for association tests. The best association signal was found in a tri-genic region at RHOQ-PIGF-CRIPT for baseline NHDL (lead SNP rs6544903, discovery p = 7e-7, MAF = 2 %; validation p = 6e-4 at 0.1 kb upstream neighboring SNP rs3768725, and 5e-4 at 0.7 kb downstream neighboring SNP rs6733143, MAF = 10 %). The lead and neighboring SNPs were not perfect surrogate proxies to each other (D' = 1, r (2) = 0.003) but they seemed to be partially dependent (likelihood ration test p = 0.04). Other suggestive loci (discovery p < 1e-6) included LOC100419812 and LOC100288337 for baseline NHDL, and LOC100420502 and CDH13 for NHDL PPL response that were not replicated (p > 0.01). The current and first GWAS of NHDL yielded an interesting common variant in RHOQ-PIGF-CRIPT influencing baseline NHDL levels. Another common variant in CDH13 for NHDL response to dietary high-fat intake challenge was also suggested. Further validations for both loci from large independent studies, especially interventional studies, are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics Division of Statistical Genomics (Campus Box 8506), Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA, anping@wustl.edu.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: An
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Straka
authors.forename: Toni I
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Pollin
authors.forename: Mary F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Feitosa
authors.forename: Mary K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Wojczynski
authors.forename: E Warwick
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Daw
authors.forename: Jeffrey R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: O'Connell
authors.forename: Quince
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.forename: Kathleen A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: Paul N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Hopkins
authors.forename: Michael Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Chao-Qiang
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Province
authors.forename: Jose M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ordovas
authors.forename: Alan R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Shuldiner
authors.forename: Donna K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Arnett
authors.forename: Ingrid B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Borecki
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015820:Cadherins / Q000235:genetics; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D019518:Postprandial Period; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; C112203:CRIPT protein, human; D015820:Cadherins; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; C099972:H-cadherin; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C098069:PIGF protein, human; D002784:Cholesterol; C503256:RHOQ protein, human; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins