title: Shortwave UV-induced damage as part of the solar damage spectrum is not a major contributor to mitochondrial dysfunction.
abstract: Because of the absence of a nucleotide excision repair in mitochondria, ultraviolet (UV)-induced bulky mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) lesions persist for several days before they would eventually be removed by mitophagy. Long persistence of this damage might disturb mitochondrial functions, thereby contributing to skin ageing. In this study, we examined the influence of shortwave UV-induced damage on mitochondrial parameters in normal human skin fibroblasts. We irradiated cells with either sun-simulating light (SSL) or with ultraviolet C to generate bulky DNA lesions. At equivalent antiproliferative doses, both irradiation regimes induced gene expression of mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) and matrix metallopeptidase 1 (MMP-1). Only irradiation with SSL, however, caused significant changes in mtDNA copy number and a decrease in mitochondrial respiration. Our results indicate that shortwave UV-induced damage as part of the solar spectrum is not a major contributor to mitochondrial dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University of Applied Sciences, 72488 Sigmaringen, Germany. gebhard@hs-albsig.de.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gebhard
authors.forename: Katja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matt
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Burger
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bergemann
mesh_terms: D016923:Cell Death / Q000528:radiation effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000528:radiation effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004249:DNA Damage; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D018628:Gene Dosage / Q000528:radiation effects; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D013472:Sunlight; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial
keywords: Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number; Mitochondrial DNA Damage; Mitochondrial Dysfunction; Photoageing; Sun-Simulating Light; UVC