title: New thiophene and flavonoid from Tagetes minuta leaves growing in Saudi Arabia.
abstract: Phytochemical investigation of the methanolic extract of Tagetes minuta L. (Asteraceae) leaves resulted in the isolation and identification of two new compounds: 5-methyl-2,2',5',2'',5'',2''',5''',2''''-quinquethiophene (1) and quercetagetin-6-O-(6-O-caffeoyl-β-D-glucopyranoside) (9), in addition to seven known compounds: quercetin-3,6-dimethyl ether (2), quercetin-3-methyl ether (3), quercetin (4), axillarin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), quercetagetin-3,7-dimethoxy-6-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), quercetagetin-7-methoxy-6-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), and quercetagetin-6-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8). The compounds were identified by UV, IR, 1D, 2D NMR, and HRESIMS spectral data. They showed significant antioxidant activity, comparable with that of propyl gallate. Compounds 8 and 3 showed weak to moderate antileishmanial and antimalarial activities, with IC₅₀ values of 31.0 μg/mL and 4.37 μg/mL, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. nalmusayeib@ksu.edu.sa.
authors.forename: Nawal M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Al-Musayeib
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt. gamals2001@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Gamal A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Mohamed
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt. sabrinshaur@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sabrin R M
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.affiliation: National Center for Natural Products Research, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA. sross@olemiss.edu.
authors.forename: Samir A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ross
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000962:Antimalarials; D000975:Antioxidants; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D019659:Asteraceae; D002867:Chromones; D047309:Flavones; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry*; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D012529:Saudi Arabia; D031686:Tagetes / Q000737:chemistry*; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000962:Antimalarials; D000975:Antioxidants; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D002867:Chromones; D047309:Flavones; D005419:Flavonoids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013876:Thiophenes; C079163:quercetagetin