title: Alveolar ridge augmentation with the perforated and nonperforated bone grafts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Autogenous bones are frequently used because of their lack of antigenicity, but good osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties. This study evaluated the biological behavior of perforated and nonperforated cortical block bone grafts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten nonsmoking patients who required treatment due to severe resorption of the alveolar process and subsequent implant installation were included in the study. The inclusion criteria was loss of one or more teeth; the presence of atrophy of the alveolar process with the indication of reconstruction procedures to allow rehabilitation with dental implants; and the absence of systemic disease, local infection, or inflammation. The patients were randomly divided into two groups based on whether they received a perforated (inner surface) or nonperforated graft. After a 6-month healing period, a biopsy was performed and osseointegrated implants were installed in the same procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fibrous connective tissue was evident at the interface in patients who received nonperforated grafts. However, full union between the graft and host bed was visible in those who had received a perforated graft.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that cortical inner side perforations at donor sites increased the surface area and opened the medullary cavity. Our results indicate an increased rate of graft incorporation in patients who received such perforated grafts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara School of Dentistry, UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus Araraquara, Araraquara, Brazil.
authors.forename: Erica Dorigatti
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: de Avila
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara School of Dentistry, UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus Araraquara, Araraquara, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Scarso
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Filho
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, Araraquara School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lizete Toledo
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: de Oliveira Ramalho
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara School of Dentistry, UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus Araraquara, Araraquara, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mario Francisco
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Real Gabrielli
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara School of Dentistry, UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus Araraquara, Araraquara, Brazil.
authors.forename: Valfrido Antônio
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Pereira Filho
keywords: Alveolar ridge; Autografts; Dental implants; Oral surgery