title: Streptococcus pneumoniae invasive infections in Burkina Faso, 2007 to 2011.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We had for aim to determine the epidemiology of meningeal and lung invasive infections due to Streptococcus pneumoniae in Burkina Faso.
  
  
  METHODS
  We screened for S. pneumoniae with the usual bacteriology techniques and with real time polymerase chain reaction (rt-PCR) in 7917 samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and pleural fluid (PF) collected in the Ouagadougou Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital, from 2007 to 2011.
  
  
  RESULTS
  S. pneumoniae was identified in 476 (6%) samples including 455 (5.7%) in CSF and 21 (0.3%) in PF. Sixty-seven percent of invasive infections occurred in patients 15 years of age or less, without any significant sex ratio difference. The infections occurred most frequently between January and August, with the first and most important peak between January and May (dry season) and the second peak between June and August (at the beginning of rain season). The introduction of rt-PCR proved the under diagnosing of invasive infections by usual bacteriological methods (latex agglutination assay and culture).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Invasive pneumococcal infections occur mainly in patients 15 years of age or less, without any difference in sex ratio and with peaks in the dry season. Vaccinal schedules should include all age ranges in Burkina Faso.
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche en sciences biologiques, alimentaires et nutritionnelles, université de Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7131, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso. Electronic address: cyaou@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chaïbou
authors.affiliation: Service de bactériologie-virologie, CHU Yalgado Ouédraogo, 03 BP 7022, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; UFR en sciences de la santé (UFR-SDS), université de Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sanou
authors.affiliation: Service de bactériologie-virologie, CHU Yalgado Ouédraogo, 03 BP 7022, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Congo-Ouedraogo
authors.affiliation: Service de bactériologie-virologie, CHU Yalgado Ouédraogo, 03 BP 7022, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kienou
authors.affiliation: Service de bactériologie-virologie, CHU Yalgado Ouédraogo, 03 BP 7022, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ouattara
authors.affiliation: Service de bactériologie-virologie, CHU Yalgado Ouédraogo, 03 BP 7022, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Somlaré
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche en sciences biologiques, alimentaires et nutritionnelles, université de Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7131, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Traoré
authors.affiliation: Service de bactériologie-virologie, CHU Yalgado Ouédraogo, 03 BP 7022, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; UFR en sciences de la santé (UFR-SDS), université de Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sangaré
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D002050:Burkina Faso / Q000453:epidemiology; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000382:microbiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D005260:Female; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007841:Latex Fixation Tests; D008297:Male; D008586:Meningitis, Pneumococcal / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008875:Middle Aged; D010996:Pleural Effusion / Q000382:microbiology; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines; D011018:Pneumonia, Pneumococcal / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012621:Seasons; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic
keywords: Burkina Faso; Infections invasives; Invasive infections; Streptococcus pneumoniae