title: [Risk factors analysis of local failure following radiotherapy and chemotherapy to nasopharyngeal carcinoma].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyse the risk factors involved in local failure following radiotherapy and chemotherapy to nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis was carried out to review the histopathological data from 308 NPC patients who recieved medical treatment between 2004 and 2006. The incidence and the risk factor for local treatment failure were evaluated in a model that included the following factors: sex, age, T and N staging, histological grade of primary tumor, presence of cervical lymph node metastasis, size and laterals of positive neck nodes, levels involved, ways of radiation and condition of concurrent chemotherapy. Univariate chi2 test and multivariate stepwise logistic regression model were used for the analysis. Statistical analysis of survival of patients with local residues and recurrence was performed using Kaplan-Meier method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninty-three cases (30.2%) presented local residues and recurrence in 308 patients of nasopharyngeal carcinomas. In the univariate analysis, it was confirmed that the following variables correlated to local failure, i. e., T staging (P < 0.01), N staging (P < 0.01), presence of cervical lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05), size and laterals of positive neck nodes (P < 0.05, respectively). In the multivariate analysis, the most ignificant risk factors for local failure were the T staging only. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that overall survival rates of 71 NPC patients with local residues and recurrence who received re-treatment were 77.2% at 1 year, 40.4% at 3 years, 22.4% at 5 years, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  T staging is the key risk factors in determining the development of local failure following radiotherapy or chemotherapy in NPC patients. Patients with primary tumor infiltrating bone have the higher risk of developing local residues and recurrence. Retreatment to the patients suffering from local failure can imrove survival rates.
authors.forename: Maoxin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xianming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D002277:Carcinoma; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077274:Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D009333:Neck; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018365:Neoplasm, Residual; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D017211:Treatment Failure; D047368:Tumor Burden