title: Oral cancer after prolonged immunosuppression for multiorgan chronic graft-versus-host disease.
abstract: Long-term survivors of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are recognized as a risk group for malignization. Malignant oral neoplasms are increasingly being reported in the literature as a consequence of lesions of chronic graft-versus-host disease, and prolonged multidrug treatment to control its manifestations. This report describes a 43-year-old patient who, after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, developed an oral squamous cell carcinoma secondary to the use of azathioprine, cyclosporine, prednisone, and tacrolimus, associated with multiorgan chronic graft-versus-host disease involving the oral mucosa, skin, eyes, and liver. This report aims to discuss the possible role of immunosuppressant therapy for chronic graft-versus-host disease on the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma, and the relevance of a close oral follow-up of patients to detect dysplastic or malignant alterations at an early stage.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renata Lins Fuentes
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: de Araújo
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Karine de Fátima
authors.initials: Kde F
authors.lastname: Lyko
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vaneuza Araújo Moreira
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Funke
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cassius Carvalho
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Torres-Pereira
keywords: Bone marrow transplantation; Graft-versus-host disease; Leukemia; Mouth neoplasms; Myeloid