title: The spectrum of chronic CD8+ T-cell expansions: clinical features in 14 patients.
abstract: Chronic CD8(+) T-cell expansions can result in parotid gland swelling and other organ infiltration in HIV-infected patients, or in persistent cytopenias. We report 14 patients with a CD8+ T-cell expansion to better characterize the clinical spectrum of this ill-defined entity. Patients (9 women/5 men) were 65 year-old (range, 25-74). Six patients had ≥ 1 symptomatic organ infiltration, and 9 had ≥ 1 cytopenia with a CD8(+) (>50% of total lymphocyte count) and/or a CD8(+)/CD57(+) (>30% of total lymphocyte count) T-cell expansion for at least 3 months. One patient had both manifestations. A STAT3 mutation, consistent with the diagnosis of large granular lymphocyte leukemia, was found in 2 patients with cytopenia. Organ infiltration involved lymph nodes, the liver, the colon, the kidneys, the skin and the central nervous system. Three patients had a HIV infection for 8 years (range, 0.5-20 years). Two non-HIV patients with hypogammaglobulinemia had been treated with a B-cell depleting monoclonal antibody (rituximab) for a lymphoma. One patient had a myelodysplastic syndrome with colon infiltration and agranulocytosis. The outcome was favorable with efficient antiretroviral therapy and steroids in HIV-infected patients and intravenous immunoglobulins in 2/3 non-HIV patients. Six patients had an agranulocytosis of favorable outcome with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor only (3 cases), cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and cyclosporine A, or no treatment (1 case each). Three patients had a pure red cell aplasia, of favorable outcome in 2 cases with methotrexate and cyclosporine A; one patient was unresponsive. Chronic CD8(+) T-cell expansions with organ infiltration in immunocompromised patients may involve other organs than parotid glands; they are non clonal and of favorable outcome after correction of the immune deficiency and/or steroids. In patients with bone marrow infiltration and unexplained cytopenia, CD8(+) T-cell expansions can be clonal or not; their identification suggests that cytopenias are immune-mediated. Our results extend the clinical spectrum of chronic CD8(+) T-cell expansions.
authors.affiliation: Service d'Hématologie, Hôpitaux Universitaire de L'Est Parisien, AP-HP, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Etienne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ghrenassia
authors.affiliation: Service d'Hématologie, Hôpitaux Universitaire de L'Est Parisien, AP-HP, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Roulin
authors.affiliation: Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Hôpitaux Universitaire de L'Est Parisien, AP-HP, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Univ Paris 06, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Aude
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aline-Fardin
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Immuno-Hématologie, Hôpitaux Universitaire de L'Est Parisien, AP-HP, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marzac
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Immuno-Hématologie, Hôpitaux Universitaire de L'Est Parisien, AP-HP, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Féger
authors.affiliation: Service d'Hématologie, Hôpitaux Universitaire de L'Est Parisien, AP-HP, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Univ Paris 06, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gay
authors.affiliation: Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpitaux Universitaire de L'Est Parisien, AP-HP, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Jérome
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pacanowski
authors.affiliation: Urgences Néphrologiques et Transplantation Rénale, Hôpitaux Universitaire de L'Est Parisien, AP-HP, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Univ Paris 06, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hertig
authors.affiliation: Service d'Hématologie, Hôpitaux Universitaire de L'Est Parisien, AP-HP, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Univ Paris 06, Paris, France; Inserm U1009, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Centre de Référence des Microangiopathies thrombotiques, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Coppo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016516:CD4-CD8 Ratio; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D060085:Coinfection; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007964:Leukocytosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D007970:Leukopenia / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008218:Lymphocytosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012010:Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology