title: Balanced duo of anti-inflammatory SFRP5 and proinflammatory WNT5A in children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5) is an adipokine protecting against obesity-related insulin resistance and diabetes. SFRP5 binds to wingless type mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) integration site family member 5A (WNT5A) to improve insulin sensitivity. We performed the first study of SFRP5 and WNT5A simultaneously in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prepubertal children (n = 342) were assessed for circulating SFRP5 (all subjects) and circulating WNT5A (210 subjects), and associations were sought with metabolic markers. In conditioned media of adipose tissue explants from 12 additional children, SFRP5 and WNT5A were studied further.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The concentrations of SFRP5 and WNT5A correlated positively in serum and in conditioned media (all P < 0.001). Lower level of circulating SFRP5 (lowest quartile) was associated with higher BMI (15% increase, P < 0.0001) and lower level of high-molecular-weight adiponectin (26% decrease, P = 0.002). Circulating WNT5A related closely with insulin resistance assessed by the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance and hepatic markers (alanine transaminase and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase), particularly in children with lower circulating SFRP5 levels (all P < 0.004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SFRP5 and WNT5A comprise a balanced duo that may regulate metabolic homeostasis in prepubertal children.
authors.affiliation: 1] Pediatrics Research Group, Girona Institute for Biomedical Research, Girona, Spain [2] Department of Pediatrics, Dr Josep Trueta Hospital, Girona, Spain.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Prats-Puig
authors.affiliation: Clinical Laboratory Salut Empordà Foundation, Figueres, Spain.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Soriano-Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: 1] Pediatrics Research Group, Girona Institute for Biomedical Research, Girona, Spain [2] Department of Pediatrics, Dr Josep Trueta Hospital, Girona, Spain.
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Carreras-Badosa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Salut Empordà Foundation, Figueres, Spain.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Riera-Pérez
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dr Josep Trueta Hospital, Girona, Spain.
authors.forename: Monserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ros-Miquel
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dr Josep Trueta Hospital, Girona, Spain.
authors.forename: Antoni
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gomila-Borja
authors.affiliation: Department of Development & Regeneration, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: de Zegher
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain [2] CIBERDEM (Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Lourdes
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ibáñez
authors.affiliation: 1] Pediatrics Research Group, Girona Institute for Biomedical Research, Girona, Spain [2] Department of Pediatrics, Dr Josep Trueta Hospital, Girona, Spain.
authors.forename: Judit
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bassols
authors.affiliation: 1] Pediatrics Research Group, Girona Institute for Biomedical Research, Girona, Spain [2] Department of Pediatrics, Dr Josep Trueta Hospital, Girona, Spain [3] TransLab Research Group, Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.
authors.forename: Abel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: López-Bermejo
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D002648:Child; D005136:Eye Proteins / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D013030:Spain; D014463:Ultrasonography; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D000071818:Wnt-5a Protein; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D000094742:Secreted Frizzled-Related Proteins
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D052242:Adiponectin; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D015415:Biomarkers; D005136:Eye Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D000071818:Wnt-5a Protein; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; C118511:SFRP5 protein, human; D000094742:Secreted Frizzled-Related Proteins; C085389:WNT5A protein, human