title: Pathological vitreous causes cell line-derived (but not donor-derived) retinal pigment epithelial cells to display proliferative vitreoretinopathy-like features in culture.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is well understood that epithelial mesenchymal transformation occurs when retinal pigment epithelial cells, sourced from either a cell line or cadaver eye, are cultured in the presence of cadaver-derived vitreous. We sought to study the changes in retinal pigment epithelial cells when cell line-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells are cultured in the presence of pathological vitreous.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  42 patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachments.
  
  
  METHODS
  D407 retinal pigment epithelial cells were cultured in the presence of cadaver-derived vitreous or vitreous/subretinal fluid derived from patients undergoing retinal reattachment surgeries. Besides the changes in phenotypic characteristics, the viability, proliferation, migration, mesenchymal marker expression and changes in the extracellular matrix components were also evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fibrotic phenotype in cell culture.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our study clearly demonstrates that cell line-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells (unlike donor-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells) cultured in the presence of patient-derived vitreous/subretinal fluid, exhibit characteristic features of proliferative vitreoretinopathy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We propose that it is the synergistic effect of the combined use of (i) pathological vitreous, rather than cadaver-derived vitreous (since rhegmatogenous retinal detachment-derived pathological vitreous and subretinal fluid contain exaggerated amounts of growth factors, which could predispose to proliferative vitreoretinopathy development) and (ii) cells from an immortal cell culture (cell line), rather than from primary cell cultures (since cells subjected to continuous serial passaging acquire some mesenchymal characteristics), which together result in not only a unique phenotype, but also prime these cells towards display of features associated with proliferative vitreoretinopathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Maryada
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tiwari
authors.forename: Shweta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Reema
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bansal
authors.forename: Vishali
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Amod
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Manni
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Luthra-Guptasarma
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000601:surgery; D055213:Retinal Pigment Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D058471:Subretinal Fluid / Q000502:physiology; D014019:Tissue Donors; D018630:Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: D407 cell line; extracellular matrix; retinal detachment (RD); retinal pigment epithelial (RPE); rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD); vitreous