title: Persistent presence of the anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein autoantibody in a pediatric case of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis followed by optic neuritis.
abstract: We report the case of a 5-year-old Japanese girl who initially had acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and was positive for the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies and developed unilateral optic neuritis (ON) 71 days after ADEM onset. The patient's serum was positive for the anti-MOG antibodies from the onset of ADEM to the development of ON. This phenotype has been reported in only two previous articles, and the specific mechanism of action of the anti-MOG antibodies is not yet understood. Our case suggests that the anti-MOG antibody can be associated with the pathogenesis of ADEM followed by ON. Thus, patients with ADEM who test positive for the anti-MOG antibody may be at risk of developing subsequent ON.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miyauchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Monden
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
authors.forename: Meri
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sugie
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjyuku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kezuka
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Momoi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamagata
mesh_terms: D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004673:Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D063308:Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein / Q000276:immunology*; D009902:Optic Neuritis / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D063308:Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein