title: In silico design, synthesis, and screening of novel deoxyhypusine synthase inhibitors targeting HIV-1 replication.
abstract: The human enzyme deoxyhypusine synthase (DHS) is an important host cell factor that participates in the post-translational hypusine modification of eukaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF-5A). Hypusine-modified eIF-5A plays a role in a number of diseases, including HIV infection/AIDS. Thus, DHS represents a novel and attractive drug target. So far, four crystal structures are available, and various substances have been tested for inhibition of human DHS. Among these inhibitors, N-1-guanyl-1,7-diaminoheptane (GC7) has been co-crystallized in the active site of DHS. However, despite its potency, GC7 is not selective enough to be used in drug applications. Therefore, new compounds that target DHS are needed. Herein we report the in silico design, chemical synthesis, and biological evaluation of new DHS inhibitors. One of these inhibitors showed dose-dependent inhibition of DHS in vitro, as well as suppression of HIV replication in cell cultures. Furthermore, the compound exhibited no cytotoxic effects at active concentrations. Thus, this designed compound demonstrated proof of principle and represents a promising starting point for the development of new drug candidates to specifically interfere with DHS activity.
authors.affiliation: Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg (Germany).
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schroeder
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kolodzik
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pfaff
authors.forename: Poornima
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Priyadarshini
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krepstakies
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hauber
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rarey
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Meier
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015195:Drug Design; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008958:Models, Molecular; D015394:Molecular Structure; D000587:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D000587:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors; C063507:deoxyhypusine synthase
keywords: HIV; antiviral agents; drug design; enzymes; inhibitors