title: Cellular signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms involving inhalational anesthetics-induced organoprotection.
abstract: Inhalational anesthetics-induced organoprotection has received much research interest and has been consistently demonstrated in different models of organ damage, in particular, ischemia-reperfusion injury, which features prominently in the perioperative period and in cardiovascular events. The cellular mechanisms accountable for effective organoprotection over heart, brain, kidneys, and other vital organs have been elucidated in turn in the past two decades, including receptor stimulations, second-messenger signal relay and amplification, end-effector activation, and transcriptional modification. This review summarizes the signaling pathways and the molecular participants in inhalational anesthetics-mediated organ protection published in the current literature, comparing and contrasting the 'preconditioning' and 'postconditioning' phenomena, and the similarities and differences in mechanisms between organs. The salubrious effects of inhalational anesthetics on vital organs, if reproducible in human subjects in clinical settings, would be of exceptional clinical importance, but clinical studies with better design and execution are prerequisites for valid conclusions to be made. Xenon as the emerging inhalational anesthetic, and its organoprotective efficacy, mechanism, and relative advantages over other anesthetics, are also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: Lingzhi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Hailin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Tianlong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pac-Soo
authors.forename: Daqing
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D059035:Perioperative Period; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation