title: Treating obstructive sleep apnea with continuous positive airway pressure benefits type 2 diabetes management.
abstract: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are both common major public health concerns. Epidemiological and clinical evidence postulates that OSA may be a causal factor in the pathogenesis of T2DM. This review examines recent empirical developments in theory, research, and practice regarding T2DM and OSA. We first examined the data from 10 studies that covered 281 patients with T2DM who used continuous positive airway pressure therapy, followed by research that describes how hypoxia/reoxygenation in OSA may be key triggers that initiate or contribute to the status of insulin resistance and inflammation. We then propose mechanisms that may relate diabetes with OSA. The issues that should be addressed in the future are outlined. We suggest that intervention with continuous positive airway pressure may improve diabetic symptoms and should be encouraged for patients with diabetes.
authors.affiliation: From the *UCLA Sleep Disorders Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; †International Center for Metabolic Diseases, School of Biotechnology, Beijiao Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; ‡Cedars-Sinai MedicalCenter, Los Angeles, CA; §Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and ∥Department of Medicine, UCLA Center for Excellence in Pancreatic Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Weiguang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Yongming Gorge
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Xiaoning
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Frisca Yan
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Go
authors.forename: Ronald M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Harper
authors.forename: Hongxiang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hui
mesh_terms: D045422:Continuous Positive Airway Pressure / Q000379:methods*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000503:physiopathology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000503:physiopathology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators