title: The venom of the spider Selenocosmia jiafu contains various neurotoxins acting on voltage-gated ion channels in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons.
abstract: Selenocosmia jiafu is a medium-sized theraphosid spider and an attractive source of venom, because it can be bred in captivity and it produces large amounts of venom. We performed reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser-desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) analyses and showed that S. jiafu venom contains hundreds of peptides with a predominant mass of 3000-4500 Da. Patch clamp analyses indicated that the venom could inhibit voltage-gated Na+, K+ and Ca2+ channels in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. The venom exhibited inhibitory effects on tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) Na+ currents and T-type Ca2+ currents, suggesting the presence of antagonists to both channel types and providing a valuable tool for the investigation of these channels and for drug development. Intra-abdominal injection of the venom had severe toxic effects on cockroaches and caused death at higher concentrations. The LD50 was 84.24 μg/g of body weight in the cockroach. However, no visible symptoms or behavioral changes were detected after intraperitoneal injection of the venom into mice even at doses up to 10 mg/kg body weight. Our results provide a basis for further case-by-case investigations of peptide toxins from this venom.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China. 405542716@qq.com.
authors.forename: Zhaotun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China. zhouxi016@163.com.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China. chenjia113322@163.com.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China. tangcheng1985ss@sina.com.
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Ethnomedicinal Plant Resources of Hunan Province, Department of Life Science, Huaihua College, Huaihua, Hunan 418008, China. 405542716@qq.com.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China. dazhongyin002@126.com.
authors.forename: Dazhong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ying
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China. liuzh@hunnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhonghua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China. liangsp@hunnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Songping
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000502:physiology; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003058:Cockroaches / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D024642:Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D026941:Sodium Channel Blockers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D013111:Spider Venoms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D013112:Spiders; D061566:Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D015220:Calcium Channels; D009498:Neurotoxins; D010455:Peptides; D024642:Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated; D026941:Sodium Channel Blockers; D013111:Spider Venoms; D061566:Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels