title: 'Hubble-bubble leads to trouble'--waterpipe smoking and oral health.
abstract: Waterpipes are used to smoke tobacco by more than 100 million people worldwide. Use is not restricted to any single racial, ethnic, or cultural group, and dentists are almost certain to encounter waterpipe users amongst their patients. This article describes what the practice involves and seeks to inform members of the dental team of the significantly detrimental impacts of waterpipe smoking on both general and oral health and how'hubble-bubble really can lead to trouble'. Advising patients on ceasing waterpipe use is also discussed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This paper explains what smoking a waterpipe involves, the associated misconceptions of safety amongst users and the dangers to health.
authors.forename: Savan B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Cardiff University School of Dentistry, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XY, UK.
authors.forename: Ivor G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Chestnutt
authors.affiliation: Cardiff University School of Dentistry, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XY, UK.
authors.forename: Michael A O
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lewis
mesh_terms: D001294:Attitude to Health; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D009538:Nicotine / Q000009:adverse effects; D009909:Oral Health; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D064424:Tobacco Use / Q000009:adverse effects; D020340:Tobacco Use Cessation
chemical_list: D009538:Nicotine; D002248:Carbon Monoxide