title: High incidence rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) among healthcare workers in Saudi Arabia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nosocomial infections are normally hospital acquired. Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is very common and may be transmitted via a hand-to-nose route. The objective of the present study was to screen healthcare workers for the colonization of their nasal cavities with MRSA.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group included hospital staff such as nurses, doctors, and technicians. The control group included university students. For isolation, nasal swabs were taken from the volunteers and cultured on mannitol salt agar media selective for S. aureus. Suspected colonies were confirmed by PCR using specific primers for the coagulase and mecA gene. Typing of the coagulase-positive strains was done using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results indicated an incidence rate of 76% among healthcare workers. This is in comparison with students who served as control and were negative for MRSA. Using RFLP, four different types of MRSA were confirmed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study are alarming. Effective control measures must be formulated and implemented to avoid indiscriminate use of antimicrobials and the spread of these infectious agents in the region.
authors.affiliation: King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. arch729@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Archana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iyer
authors.forename: Taha
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kumosani
authors.forename: Esam
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Azhar
authors.forename: Elie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Barbour
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Harakeh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002353:Carrier State / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D006282:Health Personnel; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008875:Middle Aged; D058889:Molecular Typing; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology*; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012529:Saudi Arabia / Q000453:epidemiology; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*