title: Modified silicone sling assisted temporalis muscle transfer in the management of lagophthalmos.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of modified temporalis muscle transfer (TMT) by silicone sling for the management of paralytic lagophthalmos.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective interventional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten patients of lagophthalmos due to facial palsy underwent modified TMT using silicone sling. The patients were followed-up for a period of 3 months. Palpebral aperture in primary gaze and during eye closure were assessed both pre- and postoperatively along with problems associated with lagophthalmos like exposure keratopathy and lacrimation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Paired t-test was applied to measure the statistical outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight patients achieved full correction of lagophthalmos with no lid gap on closing the eye. The mean (standard deviation (SD)) lid gap on eye closure was 7.7 (0.86) mm preoperatively, 0.5 (0.47) mm at 1 st postoperative day, and 0.7 (0.75) mm at 3 rd month. There was a reduction in mean lid gap on eye closure of 7 mm at 3 months (P < 0.0001) which is highly significant. The mean (SD) vertical interpalpebral distance during primary gaze was 12.05 (1.12) mm preoperatively, 10 (0.94) mm at 1 st postoperative day, and 10.35 (1.08) mm at 3 rd month. There was a reduction in mean vertical inter palpebral distance of 1.7 mm at 3 months (P = 0.001) which is significant. Exposure keratitis decreased in five out of six patients at 3 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Modified TMT by silicone sling is a useful procedure with lesser morbidity and good outcomes for the treatment of paralytic lagophthalmos due to long standing facial palsy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Lala Lajpat Rai Hospital, Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi Memorial Medical College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Ramesh C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Raj N S
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Kushwaha
authors.forename: Ina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Budhiraja
authors.forename: Priyanka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Parul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019882:Blepharoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D005141:Eyelid Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D005143:Eyelids / Q000601:surgery*; D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012826:Silicone Elastomers; D013703:Temporal Muscle / Q000637:transplantation*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D012826:Silicone Elastomers