title: Induction of rainbow trout MH class I and accessory proteins by viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus.
abstract: Major histocompatibility (MH) class I receptors are glycoproteins which play a critical role during responses to intracellular pathogens by presenting endogenous peptides to cytotoxic T cell lymphocytes (CD8+). To date, little is known about MH class I regulation at the protein level during viral infections in fish. In this study, we characterised the MH class I pathway response to polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) and upon infection with viral haemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) genotype IVa using the rainbow trout monocyte/macrophage cell line RTS11. A 14-day challenge with VHSV IVa at 14°C demonstrated enhanced expression of the class I heavy chain, β2 microglobulin (β2M) and tapasin, while the expression of other accessory molecules ERp57 and calreticulin remained unchanged. However, when infection occurred at 2°C no change in expression levels of any of these molecules was observed. β2M accumulated in the media of RTS11 over time, however the β2M concentrations were 2 fold higher in cultures infected with VHSV 14 days post infection. Strikingly, when cells were maintained at 2°C the secretion of β2M was significantly reduced in both infected and non-infected cultures. These results indicate that VHSV infection alters the kinetics of β2M release as well as the expression of MH class I and suggests that cellular immunity against VHSV can be compromised at low temperatures which may increase host susceptibility to this virus during the winter.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W., Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1; Department of Pathobiology University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road E., Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1.
authors.forename: Lital
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sever
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W., Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1; Department of Pathobiology University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road E., Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1.
authors.forename: Nguyen T K
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Vo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W., Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1; Department of Pathobiology University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road E., Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lumsden
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W., Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1; Department of Pathobiology University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road E., Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1.
authors.forename: Niels C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Bols
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W., Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1; Department of Pathobiology University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road E., Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1. Electronic address: bdixon@uwaterloo.ca.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dixon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D037282:Calreticulin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002460:Cell Line; D003080:Cold Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects; D005805:Genes, MHC Class I / Q000276:immunology*; D031941:Hemorrhagic Septicemia, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015778:Minor Histocompatibility Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D011070:Poly I-C / Q000276:immunology*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D037282:Calreticulin; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D015778:Minor Histocompatibility Antigens; D012367:RNA, Viral; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin; C107762:tapasin; D011070:Poly I-C
keywords: Antigen presentation; Beta-2 microglobulin; Chaperone; Histocompatibility; Temperature; VHSV