title: HPV DNA and Pap smear test results in cases with and without cervical pathology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to determine the HPV prevalance and its relation to Pap smear, colposcopy and colposcopy directed biopsy in our region of Eskisehir, Turkey.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 615 women who applied to the outpatient clinic between December 2009 and December 2010 constituted our study population. All patients underwent pelvic examination and Pap smear sampling. Patients who had pathological cervical appearance or Pap smear results of ASCUS, AGUS, LSIL or HSIL were referred to colposcopy. Cervical samples for HPV DNA were taken from the patients before Pap smear sampling during the routine examination or before the colposcopic evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty six of 615 patients (4%) were HPV positive. Of these 26 patients, 12 were positive for HPV type 16, 3 for type 18, 3 for type 51, 2 for type 6, 1 for type 52, 1 for type 33, 1 for type 16 and type 31, 1 for type 6 and 52, 1 for type 56 and 90, 1 for type 39 and 66. In 4 patients with cervical cancer, and in 3 of 4 CIN III cases both HPV DNA and Pap smear were positive. In the Pap smear examination of 615 patients, cytology revealed 35 ASCUS (5.6%) 4 AGUS (0.6%), 2 CIN I (0.3%) results who were negative for HPV DNA. These patients with abnormal cytology (n=41) underwent colposcopy directed biopsy, there were 3 CIN I and 1 CIN III and all the other cervical biopsy results of these patients were benign (inflammation, chronic cervicitis).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HPV positivity in our hospital setting is low which is compatible with other studies in Turkey. In positive HPV cases there is a good correlation between HPV type and positive cervical biopsy results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sabit Sinan
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Ozalp
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tercan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Us
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arslan
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tufan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oge
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nilgün
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kaşifoğlu
keywords: HPV DNA; Pap smear; colposcopy directed biopsy