title: Relationship between tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors and cardiovascular disease in psoriasis: a review.
abstract: Psoriasis, a cutaneous disease that is increasingly recognized as a systemic inflammatory process, is associated with an increased risk for the development of cardiovascular disease. Although use of tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors for the treatment of psoriasis has also been associated with decreased incidence of major adverse cardiac events, the precise mechanism by which these agents lower cardiovascular risk remains uncertain. Speculated mechanisms include the suppression of systemic inflammation or improvement of cardiovascular risk factors. Here we review the evidence in support of the beneficial effects of tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors on cardiovascular health. Larger, future studies of patients treated with biologic agents will provide data to more definitively quantify the risk reduction of these agents on major adverse cardiac events.
authors.affiliation: Dermatologist at the Los Angeles Medical Center in CA. thao.u.nguyen@kp.org.
authors.forename: Thao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Director of Dermatology Research and Associate Residency Program Director for the Department of Dermatology at the Los Angeles Medical Center in CA. jashin.j.wu@kp.org.
authors.forename: Jashin J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000009:adverse effects; D001685:Biological Factors / Q000009:adverse effects; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001685:Biological Factors; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha