title: Magnetic resonance imaging of placenta accreta.
abstract: Placenta accreta (PA) is a severe pregnancy complication which occurs when the chorionic villi (CV) invade the myometrium abnormally. Optimal management requires accurate prenatal diagnosis. Ultrasonography (USG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the modalities for prenatal diagnosis of PA, although USG remains the primary investigation of choice. MRI is a complementary technique and reserved for further characterization when USG is inconclusive or incomplete. Breath-hold T2-weighted half-Fourier rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement (RARE) and balanced steady-state free precession imaging in the three orthogonal planes is the key MRI technique. Markedly heterogeneous placenta, thick intraplacental dark bands on half-Fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin-echo (HASTE), and disorganized abnormal intraplacental vascularity are the cardinal MRI features of PA. MRI is less reliable in differentiating between different degrees of placental invasion, especially between accreta vera and increta.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiodiagnosis, Amala Institute of Medical sciences and Mediscan, Thrissur, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: Binoj
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Varghese
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiodiagnosis, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: Navdeep
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiodiagnosis, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: Regi A N
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: George
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: Sareena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gilvaz
keywords: Abnormal placental vascularity; dark intraplacental bands; magnetic resonance imaging; placenta accreta