title: Fibrosis markers and CRIM1 increase in chronic heart failure of increasing severity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fibrosis suppressors/activators in chronic heart failure (CHF) is a topic of investigation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To quantify serum levels of fibrosis regulators in CHF.
  
  
  METHODS
  ELISA tests were used to quantify fibrosis regulators, procollagen type-(PIP)I, (PIP)III, collagen-I, III, BMP1,2,3,7, SDF1α, CXCR4, fibulin 1,2,3, BMPER, CRIM1 and BAMBI in 66 CHF (NYHA class I, n = 9; II, n = 34; III n = 23), and in 14 controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In CHF, TGFβR2, PIPIII, SDF1α and CRIM1 were increased. PIPIII correlated with CRIM1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The BMPs inhibitor CRIM1 is increased and correlates with higher levels of serum PIPIII showing an imbalance in favor of pro-fibrotic mechanisms in CHF.
authors.affiliation: Divisione di Cardiologia Riabilitativa e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia Apparato Cardio-Respiratorio, Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri , IRCCS, Veruno, NO , Italy .
authors.forename: Ermanno
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Eleuteri
authors.forename: Antonino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Stefano
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vallese
authors.forename: Isabella
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gnemmi
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pitruzzella
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tarro Genta
authors.forename: Lorena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Delle Donne
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cappello
authors.forename: Fabio L M
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Ricciardolo
authors.forename: Pantaleo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Giannuzzi
mesh_terms: D052004:Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: C486175:CRIM1 protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D052004:Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors