title: Uncommon and rare human papillomavirus genotypes relating to cervical carcinomas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an oncogenic virus in cervical cancer and most invasive carcinomas (ICs) are caused by HPV16 and 18. However, the roles and contributions of other uncommon and rare genotypes remain uncertain.
  
  
  METHODS
  HPV genotypes were retrospectively assessed using an HPV DNA chip that can specify up to 32 HPV genotypes. We arbitrarily regarded genotypes accounting for less than 6% of the total as uncommon and rare genotypes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 3,164 HPV-positive cases were enrolled. In groups 2A, 2B, 3, and unclassified HPV genotypes, 2.4% of cases with uncommon HPV genotypes (68, 26, 34, 53, 66, 69, 70, 73, 40, 42, 43, 44, 54, 55, 61, 62, 6, and 11) showed high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and ICs. There were no HPV32- and 57-infected cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that the uncommon and rare HPV genotypes may provide incremental etiologic contributions in cervical carcinogenesis, especially HPV68, 70, and 53. Further studies on these uncommon and rare HPV genotypes will be of importance in establishing the significance of genotypes in different regions, especially in planning a strategy for further vaccine development as well as follow-up on the effectiveness of the currently used vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Na Rae
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Gachon University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Myunghee
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Soon Pyo
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyunchul
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Jungsuk
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Hae
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Yeon
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Yee
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Cho
keywords: Carcinogenesis; Cervix uteri; Genotype; Human papillomavirus