title: Measuring similarity and improving stability in biomarker identification methods applied to Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.
abstract: FTIR spectroscopy is a powerful diagnostic tool that can also derive biochemical signatures of a wide range of cellular materials, such as cytology, histology, live cells, and biofluids. However, while classification is a well-established subject, biomarker identification lacks standards and validation of its methods. Validation of biomarker identification methods is difficult because, unlike classification, there is usually no reference biomarker against which to test the biomarkers extracted by a method. In this paper, we propose a framework to assess and improve the stability of biomarkers derived by a method, and to compare biomarkers derived by different method set-ups and between different methods by means of a proposed "biomarkers similarity index".
authors.affiliation: School of Computing and Communications, Infolab21, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4WA, UK; Centre for Biophotonics, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK.
authors.forename: Júlio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Trevisan
authors.forename: Juhyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Plamen P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Angelov
authors.forename: Abdullah A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ahmadzai
authors.forename: Ketan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gajjar
authors.forename: Andrew D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Paul L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Carmichael
authors.forename: Francis L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000737:chemistry*; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008647:Mesocricetus; D015233:Models, Statistical; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy; biomarkers; biospectroscopy; classification; computational framework; data mining; statistical data analysis; validation studies