title: A meta-analysis of the association between gestational diabetes mellitus and chronic hepatitis B infection during pregnancy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection during pregnancy is associated with insulin resistance. A meta-analytic technique was used to quantify the evidence of an association between CHB infection and the risk of gestational diabetes (GDM) among pregnant women.
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched PubMed for studies up to September 5th 2013. Additional studies were obtained from other sources. We selected studies using a cohort-study design and reported a quantitative association between CHB infection during pregnancy and risk of GDM. A total of 280 articles were identified, of which fourteen publications involving 439,514 subjects met the inclusion criteria. A sequential algorithm was used to reduce between-study heterogeneity, and further meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ten out of the fourteen studies were highly homogeneous, indicating an association of 1.11 [the adjusted odds ratio, 95% confidence interval 0.96-1.28] between CHB infection during pregnancy and the risk of developing GDM. The heterogeneity of the additional four studies may be due to selection bias or possible aetiological differences for special subsets of pregnant women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that CHB infection during pregnancy is not associated with an increased risk of developing GDM among pregnant women except those from Iran.
authors.forename: Dechuan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Anqun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Wenhui
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Naiqing
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China. luyihan@fudan.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yihan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Yingjie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006515:Hepatitis B virus; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000821:virology*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors