title: Listeria floridensis sp. nov., Listeria aquatica sp. nov., Listeria cornellensis sp. nov., Listeria riparia sp. nov. and Listeria grandensis sp. nov., from agricultural and natural environments.
abstract: Sampling of agricultural and natural environments in two US states (Colorado and Florida) yielded 18 Listeria-like isolates that could not be assigned to previously described species using traditional methods. Using whole-genome sequencing and traditional phenotypic methods, we identified five novel species, each with a genome-wide average BLAST nucleotide identity (ANIb) of less than 85% to currently described species. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and amino acid sequences of 31 conserved loci showed the existence of four well-supported clades within the genus Listeria; (i) a clade representing Listeria monocytogenes, L. marthii, L. innocua, L. welshimeri, L. seeligeri and L. ivanovii, which we refer to as Listeria sensu stricto, (ii) a clade consisting of Listeria fleischmannii and two newly described species, Listeria aquatica sp. nov. (type strain FSL S10-1188(T) = DSM 26686(T) = LMG 28120(T) = BEI NR-42633(T)) and Listeria floridensis sp. nov. (type strain FSL S10-1187(T) = DSM 26687(T) = LMG 28121(T) = BEI NR-42632(T)), (iii) a clade consisting of Listeria rocourtiae, L. weihenstephanensis and three novel species, Listeria cornellensis sp. nov. (type strain TTU A1-0210(T) = FSL F6-0969(T) = DSM 26689(T) = LMG 28123(T) = BEI NR-42630(T)), Listeria grandensis sp. nov. (type strain TTU A1-0212(T) = FSL F6-0971(T) = DSM 26688(T) = LMG 28122(T) = BEI NR-42631(T)) and Listeria riparia sp. nov. (type strain FSL S10-1204(T) = DSM 26685(T) = LMG 28119(T) = BEI NR- 42634(T)) and (iv) a clade containing Listeria grayi. Genomic and phenotypic data suggest that the novel species are non-pathogenic.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
authors.forename: Henk C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: den Bakker
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Warchocki
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
authors.forename: Emily M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.affiliation: Life Technologies, 2130 Woodward Street, Austin, TX 78744, USA.
authors.forename: Adam F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Allred
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ahlstrom
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
authors.forename: Clyde S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Manuel
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Stasiewicz
authors.affiliation: Life Technologies, 2130 Woodward Street, Austin, TX 78744, USA.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Burrell
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
authors.forename: Sherry
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Roof
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
authors.forename: Laura K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Strawn
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fortes
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
authors.forename: Kendra K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Nightingale
authors.affiliation: Life Technologies, 2130 Woodward Street, Austin, TX 78744, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kephart
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wiedmann
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D003120:Colorado; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005431:Florida; D008087:Listeria / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S