title: Response of the primary auditory and non-auditory cortices to acoustic stimulation: a manganese-enhanced MRI study.
abstract: Structural and functional features of various cerebral cortices have been extensively explored in neuroscience research. We used manganese-enhanced MRI, a non-invasive method for examining stimulus-dependent activity in the whole brain, to investigate the activity in the layers of primary cortices and sensory, such as auditory and olfactory, pathways under acoustic stimulation. Male Sprague-Dawley rats, either with or without exposure to auditory stimulation, were scanned before and 24-29 hour after systemic MnCl2 injection. Cortex linearization and layer-dependent signal extraction were subsequently performed for detecting layer-specific cortical activity. We found stimulus-dependent activity in the deep layers of the primary auditory cortex and the auditory pathways. The primary sensory and visual cortices also showed the enhanced activity, whereas the olfactory pathways did not. Further, we performed correlation analysis of the signal intensity ratios among different layers of each cortex, and compared the strength of correlations between with and without the auditory stimulation. In the primary auditory cortex, the correlation strength between left and right hemisphere showed a slight but not significant increase with the acoustic simulation, whereas, in the primary sensory and visual cortex, the correlation coefficients were significantly smaller. These results suggest the possibility that even though the primary auditory, sensory, and visual cortices showed enhanced activity to the auditory stimulation, these cortices had different associations for auditory processing in the brain network.
authors.affiliation: Division of MR, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang-eup, Chungbuk, South Korea; Division of Medical Research, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyungjun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: School of Nano-Bioscience and Chemical Engineering, UNIST (Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology), Ulsan, South Korea.
authors.forename: Junghun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Young R
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of MR, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang-eup, Chungbuk, South Korea.
authors.forename: Youngkyu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Division of MR, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang-eup, Chungbuk, South Korea.
authors.forename: Song-I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.affiliation: Division of MR, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang-eup, Chungbuk, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Yeon
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.affiliation: Division of MR, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang-eup, Chungbuk, South Korea; Department of Radiology, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong Kon
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Research, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Yeon-Hee
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Research, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sun-Mi
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: School of Nano-Bioscience and Chemical Engineering, UNIST (Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology), Ulsan, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyungjoon
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Division of MR, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang-eup, Chungbuk, South Korea.
authors.forename: Gyunggoo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000818:Animals; D001303:Auditory Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D055724:Electrophysiological Phenomena; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008345:Manganese; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D008345:Manganese