title: Adding metoclopramide to lidocaine for intravenous regional anesthesia in trauma patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Metoclopromide have local anesthetic properties. The main object of performing the present study was to evaluate the analgesic effect of metoclopromide 10 mg when added to lidocaine for intravenous regional anesthesia (IVRA) of upper extremities in trauma patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety patients undergoing upper limb producer were randomly allocated to the three groups to receive 3 mg/kg 2% lidocaine diluted with saline to a total dose of 40 ml (Group L, n = 30) or 10 mg metoclopromide plus 3 mg/kg 2% lidocaine diluted with saline to a total dose of 40 ml (group LM, n = 30) or 3 mg/kg 2% lidocaine diluted with saline to a total dose of 40 ml plus 10 mg metoclopromide intravenously (Group IM, n = 30).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our study showed that the onset times for sensory and motor block were significantly shorter in Group LM compared with Group L and Group IM (4.5 ± 0.7 vs. 5.0 ± 0.7 and 5.0 ± 0.6, respectively, P = 0.006 for sensory block; 6.3 ± 0.7 vs. 5.1 ± 0.9 and 5.9 ± 0.6 respectively, P = 0.000 for motor block). The postoperative VAS scores were significantly less at 1, 5, 10, 15, and 30 minutes after tourniquet release in Group LM compared with Group L and Group IM (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of our study showed that adding 10 mg metoclopromide to lidocaine for IVRG in trauma patients reduced intraoperative and postoperative analgesic use till 24 hours and improve quality of anesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Anesthesiology and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammadreza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Safavi
authors.affiliation: Anesthesiology and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Azim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Honarmand
authors.affiliation: Anesthesiology and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yazdanpanah
keywords: Anesthetic techniques; intravenous regional anesthesia lidocaine; metoclopromide; postoperative pain