title: Type D personality in patients with coronary artery disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  During the past decade studies have shown that Type D personality is associated with increased risk of cardiac events, mortality and poor quality of life. Some authors suggested that depression and Type D personality have substantial phenomenological overlap.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample consisted of non-consecutive case series of seventy nine patients with clinically stable and angiographically confirmed coronary artery disease (CAD), who had been admitted to the Clinic of Cardiology, University Clinical Centre, from May 2006 to September 2008. The patients were assessed by the Type-D scale (DS14), The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and provided demographic information. Risk factors for CAD were obtained from cardiologists.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The findings of our study have shown that 34.2% patients with CAD could be classified as Type D personality. The univariate analysis has shown that the prevalence of Type D personality was significantly higher in individuals with unstable angina pectoris and myocardial infarction (MI) diagnoses (p=0.02). Furthermore, some components of metabolic syndrome were more prevalent in patients with Type D personality: hypercholesterolemia (p=0.00), hypertriglyceridemia (p=0.00) and hypertension (p=0.01). Additionally, the distribution of depression in patients with a Type D personality and a non-Type D personality were statistically significantly different (p=0.00).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge, this study is the first one to describe the prevalence and clinical characteristics of the Type D personality in patients with CAD in this region of Europe. We have found that the prevalence of Type D personality in patients with CAD is in concordance with the other studies. We also have found that Type D personality and depression are two distinctly different categories of psychological distress.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Mental Health, 37 Palmotićeva Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia, olivukovic@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Olivera
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vukovic
authors.forename: Dusica Lecic
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Tosevski
authors.forename: Miroslava
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jasovic-Gasic
authors.forename: Aleksandar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Damjanovic
authors.forename: Mirjana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zebic
authors.forename: Dubravka
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Britvic
authors.forename: Jelena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stepanovic
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Djordjevic-Dikic
authors.forename: Branko
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Beleslin
authors.forename: Miodrag
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ostojic