title: CELLFOOD™ induces apoptosis in human mesothelioma and colorectal cancer cells by modulating p53, c-myc and pAkt signaling pathways.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  CELLFOOD™ (CF) is a nutraceutical non-addictive, non-invasive, and completely non-toxic unique proprietary colloidal-ionic formula. Little is known about its effect on cancer cells in solid tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect that CF has on different cancer cell lines and the mechanism by which the nutraceutical works.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effect of CF on HFF (normal fibroblasts), Met5A (mesothelium), MSTO-211H, NCI-2452, Ist-Mes1, MPP89, Ist-Mes2 (mesothelioma), M14 (melanoma), H1650, H1975 (lung cancer), SKRB3 (breast cancer), and HCT-116 (colorectal cancer) cell growth was tested by cell proliferation and clonogenic assay. Among all of them, MSTO-211 and HCT-116 were analyzed for cell cycle by flow cytometry and western blot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All human cancer lines were suppressed on cell growth upon 1:200 CF treatment for 24 and 48 hours. Death was not observed in HFF and Met5A cell lines. Cell cycle analysis showed an increased sub-G1 with reduction of G1 in MSTO-211 and a cell cycle arrest of in G1 in HCT116. Activation of caspase-3 and cleavage of PARP confirmed an apoptotic death for both cell lines. Increased expression levels of p53, p21, and p27, downregulation of c-myc and Bcl-2, and inhibition of Akt activation were also found in CF-treated MSTO-211 and HCT-116 cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings ascertained an interaction between p53, c-myc, p21, p27, Bcl-2, PI3K/Akt pathway, and CF-induced apoptosis in MSTO-211H and HCT-116 cells, suggesting that CF acts as an important regulator of cell growth in human cancer cell lines. CF could be a useful nutraceutical intervention for prevention in colon cancer and mesothelioma.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nuvoli
authors.forename: Raffaela
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Santoro
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Catalani
authors.forename: Serafina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Battistelli
authors.forename: Serena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Benedetti
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Canestrari
authors.affiliation: Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy. galati@ifo.it.
authors.forename: Rossella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Galati
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000378:metabolism; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 / Q000378:metabolism; D004798:Enzymes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008654:Mesothelioma; D008903:Minerals / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism*; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013431:Sulfates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; C532683:Cellfood; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D004798:Enzymes; C489427:MYC protein, human; D008903:Minerals; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D013431:Sulfates; C495901:TP53 protein, human; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt