title: Roles and mechanisms of the CD38/cyclic adenosine diphosphate ribose/Ca(2+) signaling pathway.
abstract: Mobilization of intracellular Ca(2+) stores is involved in many diverse cell functions, including: cell proliferation; differentiation; fertilization; muscle contraction; secretion of neurotransmitters, hormones and enzymes; and lymphocyte activation and proliferation. Cyclic adenosine diphosphate ribose (cADPR) is an endogenous Ca(2+) mobilizing nucleotide present in many cell types and species, from plants to animals. cADPR is formed by ADP-ribosyl cyclases from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. The main ADP-ribosyl cyclase in mammals is CD38, a multi-functional enzyme and a type II membrane protein. It has been shown that many extracellular stimuli can induce cADPR production that leads to calcium release or influx, establishing cADPR as a second messenger. cADPR has been linked to a wide variety of cellular processes, but the molecular mechanisms regarding cADPR signaling remain elusive. The aim of this review is to summarize the CD38/cADPR/Ca(2+) signaling pathway, focusing on the recent advances involving the mechanism and physiological functions of cADPR-mediated Ca(2+) mobilization.
authors.affiliation: Wenjie Wei, Richard Graeff, Jianbo Yue, Department of Physiology, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Wenjie
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Wenjie Wei, Richard Graeff, Jianbo Yue, Department of Physiology, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Graeff
authors.affiliation: Wenjie Wei, Richard Graeff, Jianbo Yue, Department of Physiology, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Jianbo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yue
keywords: CD38; Ca2+; Cyclic adenosine diphosphate ribose; Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; Ryanodine receptors