title: The 2011 ACGME standards: impact reported by graduating residents on the working and learning environment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Changes in Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) requirements, including duty hours, were implemented in July 2011. This study examines graduating pediatrics residents' perception of the impact of these standards.
  
  
  METHODS
  A national, random sample survey of 1000 graduating pediatrics residents was performed in 2012; a total of 634 responded. Residents were asked whether 9 areas of their working and learning environments had changed with the 2011 standards. Three combined change scores were created for: 1) patient care, 2) senior residents, and 3) program effects, with scores ranging from -1 (worse) to 1 (improved). Respondents were also asked about hours slept and perceived change in hours slept.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most respondents felt that several areas had worsened, including continuity of care and senior resident workload, or not changed, including supervision and sleep. Mean change scores that included all study variables except those related to sleep all showed worsening: patient care (mean -0.37); senior residents (mean -0.36), and program effects (mean -0.06) (P < .01). Respondents reported a mean of 6.7 hours of sleep in a 24-hour period, with the majority (71%) reporting this amount of sleep has not changed with the 2011 standards.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the year after implementation of the 2011 ACGME standards, graduating pediatrics residents report no changes or a worsening in multiple components of their working and learning environments, as well as no changes in the amount of sleep they receive each day.
authors.affiliation: Boston Combined Residency Program in Pediatrics (Boston Children's Hospital/Boston Medical Center), Boston, Mass; Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Mass. Electronic address: daniel.schumacher@bmc.org.
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Schumacher
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, American Academy of Pediatrics, Elk Grove Village, Ill.
authors.forename: Mary Pat
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Frintner
authors.affiliation: Boston Combined Residency Program in Pediatrics (Boston Children's Hospital/Boston Medical Center), Boston, Mass.
authors.forename: Anuja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, American Academy of Pediatrics, Elk Grove Village, Ill.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cull
mesh_terms: D000068:Accreditation / Q000592:standards*; D000328:Adult; D003266:Continuity of Patient Care / Q000592:standards / Q000639:trends; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000592:standards*; D007858:Learning; D008297:Male; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000193:education / Q000592:standards*; D010561:Personnel Staffing and Scheduling / Q000592:standards / Q000639:trends; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012890:Sleep; D014940:Work Schedule Tolerance / Q000502:physiology; D016526:Workload / Q000592:standards
keywords: duty hours; handoffs; residents; supervision; workload