title: De novo bone regeneration in human extraction sites using recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2/ACS: a clinical, histomorphometric, densitometric, and 3-dimensional cone-beam computerized tomographic scan evaluation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To preserve alveolar bone after extractions, it is important to graft socket sites to prevent bone loss from repair and remodeling.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this case series was to assess the clinical, densitometric, and histomorphometric results from extraction sockets treated with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP-2/ACS).
  
  
  METHODS
  After extraction and socket debridement, INFUSE (rhBMP-2) on absorbable sponges was placed over each socket. After 4 months, 3-dimensional cone-beam computerized tomographic (CT) scans were taken. Trephined bone cores were taken as the first step in the implant site osteotomy and submitted for histomorphometric analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Histomorphometric analysis showed a mean of 49.6% vital bone with a SD of 10.8%. CT scans showed mean density of 510.6 Hounsfield units.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of INFUSE in socket preservation surgery results in adequate de novo bone formation to support ideal implant placement after 4 months.
authors.affiliation: *Private Practice, Periodontics, Wilmington, NC. †Private Practice, Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Palm Harbor, FL; Director, Pikos Implant Institute, Spring Hill, FL. ‡Senior Research Scientist, Hard Tissue Research Laboratory, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN.
authors.forename: Stephen C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pikos
authors.forename: Hari
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Prasad
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; D003757:Dental Implantation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000009:adverse effects; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C525718:BMP2 protein, human; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D011994:Recombinant Proteins