title: Epidemiology of undiagnosed trichomoniasis in a probability sample of urban young adults.
abstract: T. vaginalis infection (trichomoniasis) is the most common curable sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the U.S. It is associated with increased HIV risk and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Trichomoniasis surveillance data do not exist for either national or local populations. The Monitoring STIs Survey Program (MSSP) collected survey data and specimens which were tested using nucleic acid amplification tests to monitor trichomoniasis and other STIs in 2006-09 among a probability sample of young adults (N = 2,936) in Baltimore, Maryland--an urban area with high rates of reported STIs. The estimated prevalence of trichomoniasis was 7.5% (95% CI 6.3, 9.1) in the overall population and 16.1% (95% CI 13.0, 19.8) among Black women. The overwhelming majority of infected men (98.5%) and women (73.3%) were asymptomatic. Infections were more common in both women (OR = 3.6, 95% CI 1.6, 8.2) and men (OR = 9.0, 95% CI 1.8, 44.3) with concurrent chlamydial infection. Trichomoniasis did not vary significantly by age for either men or women. Women with two or more partners in the past year and women with a history of personal or partner incarceration were more likely to have an infection. Overall, these results suggest that routine T vaginalis screening in populations at elevated risk of infection should be considered.
authors.affiliation: Statistics and Epidemiology, Research Triangle Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America.
authors.forename: Susan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.affiliation: Statistics and Epidemiology, Research Triangle Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America; Program in Data Analytics and Applied Social Research, City University of New York (Queens College and the Graduate Center), Flushing, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Charles F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America.
authors.forename: Marcia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hobbs
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America.
authors.forename: William C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Statistics and Epidemiology, Research Triangle Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America.
authors.forename: Sylvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Center for Survey Research, University of Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Anthony M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Roman
authors.affiliation: Statistics and Epidemiology, Research Triangle Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Eggleston
authors.affiliation: Statistics and Epidemiology, Research Triangle Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America; Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Maria A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Villarroel
authors.affiliation: Research Computing Division, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America.
authors.forename: Laxminarayana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ganapathi
authors.affiliation: Statistics and Epidemiology Division, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America.
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Chromy
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Erbelding
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D015142:Baltimore / Q000453:epidemiology; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012737:Sex Factors; D013689:Telephone; D014245:Trichomonas Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D014246:Trichomonas vaginalis; D014505:Urban Population; D016482:Urinalysis; D055815:Young Adult