title: Gap cycling for SWIFT.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  SWIFT (SWeep Imaging with Fourier Transformation) is a non-Cartesian MRI method with unique features and capabilities. In SWIFT, radiofrequency (RF) excitation and reception are performed nearly simultaneously, by rapidly switching between transmit and receive during a frequency-swept RF pulse. Because both the transmitted pulse and data acquisition are simultaneously amplitude-modulated in SWIFT (in contrast to continuous RF excitation and uninterrupted data acquisition in more familiar MRI sequences), crosstalk between different frequency bands occurs in the data. This crosstalk leads to a "bulls-eye" artifact in SWIFT images. We present a method to cancel this interband crosstalk by cycling the pulse and receive gap positions relative to the un-gapped pulse shape. We call this strategy "gap cycling."
  
  
  METHODS
  We carry out theoretical analysis, simulation and experiments to characterize the signal chain, resulting artifacts, and their elimination for SWIFT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Theoretical analysis reveals the mechanism for gap-cycling's effectiveness in canceling interband crosstalk in the received data. We show phantom and in vivo results demonstrating bulls-eye artifact free images.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gap cycling is an effective method to remove bulls-eye artifact resulting from interband crosstalk in SWIFT data.
authors.affiliation: Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Curtis A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Corum
authors.forename: Djaudat
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Idiyatullin
authors.forename: Carl J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Snyder
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garwood
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D016477:Artifacts; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
keywords: bull's-eye artifact; gap cycling; sweep imaging; ultra-short T2 imaging