title: Quality of life and psychosocial measures influenced by exercise modality in patients with coronary artery disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The optimal approach to prescribing resistance training (RT) combined with aerobic training (AT) for psychosocial and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is unclear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effects of AT combined with RT (1 versus 3 sets) versus AT alone on HRQOL and psychosocial outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects (N.=72) were randomized to AT (5 d∙wk-1) or AT (3 d∙wk-1) with either 1 set (AT/RT1) or 3 sets (AT/RT3) of RT performed 2 d∙wk-1.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outpatient Cardiac Rehabilitation Program.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects with coronary artery disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  HRQOL and psychosocial parameters were assessed before and after 29 weeks of training by questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-three subjects (mean±SD age 60.6±10.6 years) completed training. There was a group effect for change in self-efficacy of lower body physical activity tasks (P=0.03) with significantly greater improvement for AT/RT3 than AT alone (17.5±16.6% vs. 3.2±12.8% respectively, p=0.04). Lower body self-efficacy improved for AT/RT1 (15.5±13.8%, p<0.001) but not for AT alone (P=0.2). Self-efficacy for upper body tasks improved with AT/RT3 (18.2±19.9%, P=0.003) and AT/RT1 training (12.6±15.8%, P=0.005) but not with AT alone (8.3±16.1%, P=0.1). AT/RT3 and AT/RT1 training yielded improvements in depression score (-4.0±7.7, P=0.04 and -3.0±5.1, P=0.02 respectively) but not with AT alone (-0.5±4.7, P=0.71). The improvement from baseline in physical HRQOL score (MOS, SF-36) averaged 8.2±11.2% for AT (P=0.04), 10.4±11.9% for AT/RT1 (P=0.006) and 12.0±12.9% for AT/RT3 (P=0.004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both AT+RT groups with either 1 or 3 sets (AT 3 d∙wk-1and RT 2 d∙wk-1) each yield more pronounced psychosocial and HRQOL adaptations than AT alone (5 d∙wk-1). RT prescription beyond 1 set may further augment selected parameters in cardiac patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results provide further rationale to develop combined AT+RT regimens for individuals with coronary artery disease.
authors.affiliation: Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada - susan.marzolini@uhn.ca.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marzolini
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Swardfager
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Alter
authors.forename: P I
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Goodman
mesh_terms: D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000379:methods*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires