title: Impact of caloric restriction on myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury and new therapeutic options to mimic its effects.
abstract: Caloric restriction (CR) is the most reliable intervention to extend lifespan and prevent age-related disorders in various species from yeast to rodents. Short- and long-term CR confers cardio protection against ischaemia/reperfusion injury in young and even in aged rodents. A few human trials suggest that CR has the potential to mediate improvement of cardiac or vascular function and induce retardation of cardiac senescence also in humans. The underlying mechanisms are diverse and have not yet been clearly defined. Among the known mediators for the benefits of CR are NO, the AMP-activated PK, sirtuins and adiponectin. Mitochondria, which play a central role in such complex processes within the cell as apoptosis, ATP-production or oxidative stress, are centrally involved in many aspects of CR-induced protection against ischaemic injury. Here, we discuss the relevant literature regarding the protection against myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury conferred by CR. Furthermore, we will discuss drug targets to mimic CR and the possible role of calorie restriction in preserving cardiovascular function in humans.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rohrbach
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aslam
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Niemann
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schulz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015195:Drug Design; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000378:metabolism; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D002317:Cardiovascular Agents
keywords: AMPK; CR mimetic; NO; ROS; mitobiogenesis; mitophagy; sirtuin