title: Non-cross-linked collagen type I/III materials enhance cell proliferation: in vitro and in vivo evidence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze Mucograft®(MG), a recently introduced collagen matrix, in vitro and in vivo, and compare it with BioGide®(BG), a well-established collagen membrane, as control.
  
  
  METHODS
  A detailed analysis of the materials surface and ultra-structure was performed. Cellular growth patterns and proliferation rates of human fibroblasts on MG and BG were analyzed in vitro. In addition, the early tissue reaction of CD-1 mouse to these materials was analyzed by means of histological and histomorphometrical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MG showed a three-fold higher thickness both in dry and wet conditions, when compared to BG. The spongy surface of BG significantly differed from that of MG. Cells showed a characteristic proliferation pattern on the different materials in vitro. Fibroblasts tended to proliferate on the compact layers of both collagens, with the highest values on the compact side of BG. In vivo, at day three both materials demonstrated good tissue integration, with a mononuclear cell sheet of fibroblasts on all surfaces, however, without penetrating into the materials.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings of this study showed that MG and BG facilitate cell proliferation on both of their surfaces in vitro. In vivo, these two materials induce a comparable early tissue reaction, while serving as cell occlusive barriers.
authors.affiliation: Johannes Gutenberg University, University Medical Center, Department of Operative Dentistry, Mainz, Germany, Department of Operative Dentistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Ines
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Willershausen
authors.affiliation: Johannes Gutenberg University, University Medical Center, REPAIR-Lab, Institute of Pathology, Mainz, Germany, Institute of Pathology, REPAIR-Lab, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barbeck
authors.affiliation: Goethe University Frankfurt, Medical Center, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Department of Oral, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, Department of Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Medical Center of the Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Boehm
authors.affiliation: Goethe University Frankfurt, Medical Center, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Department of Oral, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, Department of Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Medical Center of the Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sader
authors.affiliation: Johannes Gutenberg University, University Medical Center, Department of Operative Dentistry, Mainz, Germany, Department of Operative Dentistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Brita
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Willershausen
authors.affiliation: Johannes Gutenberg University, University Medical Center, REPAIR-Lab, Institute of Pathology, Mainz, Germany, Institute of Pathology, REPAIR-Lab, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Charles James
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Kirkpatrick
authors.affiliation: Johannes Gutenberg University, University Medical Center, REPAIR-Lab, Institute of Pathology, Mainz, Germany, Institute of Pathology, REPAIR-Lab, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Shahram
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ghanaati
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen / Q000494:pharmacology; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024061:Collagen Type III / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D011897:Random Allocation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C106416:Bio-Gide; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D024042:Collagen Type I; D024061:Collagen Type III; D003094:Collagen