title: Effects of a new nutraceutical substance on clinical and molecular parameters in patients with chronic venous ulceration.
abstract: Pathophysiological events involved in the onset of chronic venous ulceration (CVU) are inflammation, activation of polymorphonucleates (PMNs) and secretion of proteases such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which degrade extracellular matrix (ECM) that is a support for vascular and tissutal wall. MMPs, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and inflammatory cytokines are overexpressed in CVUs and they could play a central role in pathophysiological mechanisms of skin lesion and delayed wound healing. Bioflavonoids, such as diosmin and other compounds, appear to have several provessel function activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and phlebotonic effects and are widely used in the treatment of chronic venous disease (CVD)-related problems. In this article, we evaluated the effects of Axaven(®) , a new nutraceutical on both clinical and molecular parameters in patients with CVUs. During the study period, 83 patients with CVUs of both sexes were enrolled and divided into two groups: group A (treated group): 25 females and 19 males (median age is 67·7 years) received standard treatment (compression therapy and surgical correction of superficial venous incompetence) + Axaven(®) once a day for 8 months as adjunctive treatment. Group B (control group): 24 females and 15 males (median age is 65·2 years) were treated only with basic treatment according to their clinical conditions. In our study, the administration of Axaven(®) in patients with CVUs was able to decrease inflammatory cytokines, MMPs and NGAL, inducing an improvement of both symptoms with an increase of the speed of wound healing.
authors.affiliation: Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology, International Research and Educational Program in Clinical and Experimental Biotechnology, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.|Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
authors.forename: Raffaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Serra
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
authors.forename: Raffaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grande
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Butrico
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Buffone
authors.affiliation: Unit of Vascular Surgery, S. Anna Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Caliò
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
authors.forename: Aida
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Squillace
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
authors.forename: Barbara A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Rizzo
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, "Policlinico G. Martino" Hospital, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Mafalda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Massara
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, "Policlinico G. Martino" Hospital, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Spinelli
authors.affiliation: Section of General Surgery, Teaching Hospital "San Luigi Gonzaga", School of Medicine, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessia G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Ferrarese
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, "Policlinico G. Martino" Hospital, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: de Caridi
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gallelli
authors.affiliation: Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology, International Research and Educational Program in Clinical and Experimental Biotechnology, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.|Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: de Franciscis
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000628:therapy; D058128:Compression Bandages; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000097:blood; D014647:Varicose Ulcer / Q000628:therapy*; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D016207:Cytokines; C489506:LCN2 protein, human; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases
keywords: Chronic venous ulceration; Diosmin; MMPs; Nutraceutical; Patients