title: Glutathione transferase supergene family in tomato: Salt stress-regulated expression of representative genes from distinct GST classes in plants primed with salicylic acid.
abstract: A family tree of the multifunctional proteins, glutathione transferases (GSTs, EC 2.5.1.18) was created in Solanum lycopersicum based on homology to known Arabidopsis GSTs. The involvement of selected SlGSTs was studied in salt stress response of tomato primed with salicylic acid (SA) or in un-primed plants by real-time qPCR. Selected tau GSTs (SlGSTU23, SlGSTU26) were up-regulated in the leaves, while GSTs from lambda, theta, dehydroascorbate reductase and zeta classes (SlGSTL3, SlGSTT2, SlDHAR5, SlGSTZ2) in the root tissues under salt stress. Priming with SA exhibited a concentration dependency; SA mitigated the salt stress injury and caused characteristic changes in the expression pattern of SlGSTs only at 10(-4) M concentration. SlGSTF4 displayed a significant up-regulation in the leaves, while the abundance of SlGSTL3, SlGSTT2 and SlGSTZ2 transcripts were enhanced in the roots of plants primed with high SA concentration. Unexpectedly, under high salinity the SlDHAR2 expression decreased in primed roots as compared to the salt-stressed plants, however, the up-regulation of SlDHAR5 isoenzyme contributed to the maintenance of DHAR activity in roots primed with high SA. The members of lambda, theta and zeta class GSTs have a specific role in salt stress acclimation of tomato, while SlGSTU26 and SlGSTF4, the enzymes with high glutathione conjugating activity, characterize a successful priming in both roots and leaves. In contrast to low concentration, high SA concentration induced those GSTs in primed roots, which were up-regulated under salt stress. Our data indicate that induction of GSTs provide a flexible tool in maintaining redox homeostasis during unfavourable conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary. Electronic address: csiszar@bio.u-szeged.hu.
authors.forename: Jolán
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Csiszár
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: Edit
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Horváth
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: Zsolt
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Váry
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: Ágnes
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Gallé
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: Krisztina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bela
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: Szilvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brunner
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: Irma
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tari
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D010802:Phylogeny; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D013312:Stress, Physiological
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione; D020156:Salicylic Acid
keywords: Dehydroascorbate reductase; Glutathione peroxidase; Glutathione transferase; Salicylic acid; Salt stress; Solanum lycopersicum