title: Depressive comorbidity in preschool anxiety disorder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The threshold for clinical relevance of preschool anxiety has recently come under increasing scrutiny in view of large variations in prevalence estimates. We studied the impact of presence/absence of additional depressive comorbidity (symptoms and/or diagnosis) on preschoolers with anxiety disorders in relation to clinical phenomenology, family, and peer problems compared to healthy controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  A population of 1738 preschoolers were screened and oversampled for internalizing symptoms from community sites, yielding a sample of 236 children.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using a multi-informant approach (mother, father, teacher, child), we found evidence that children with anxiety disorders and depressive comorbidity display a greater internalizing symptom-load, more peer problems and live in families with more psychosocial impairment (poor family functioning, family adversity, maternal mental health problems). The pure anxiety group was merely dissociable from controls with regard to internalizing symptoms and family adversity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of depressive comorbidity in anxiety disorders may mark the transition to a more detrimental and impairing disorder at preschool age.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: von Klitzing
authors.forename: Lars O
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Otto
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fuchs
authors.forename: Helen L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Egger
authors.forename: Annette M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Klein
mesh_terms: D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D016241:Child of Impaired Parents / Q000523:psychology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D010379:Peer Group; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Anxiety; comorbidity; depression; preschool children