title: Diagnosis and management of lymphomas and other cancers in HIV-infected patients.
abstract: Despite the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy or combination antiretroviral therapy (HAART and cART, respectively) patients infected with HIV might develop certain types of cancer more frequently than uninfected people. Lymphomas represent the most frequent malignancy among patients with HIV. Other cancer types that have increased in these patients include Kaposi sarcoma, cancer of the cervix, anus, lung and liver. In the post-HAART era, however, patients with HIV have experienced a significant improvement in their morbidity, mortality and life expectancy. This Review focuses on the different types of lymphomas that generally occur in patients with HIV. The combination of cART and antineoplastic treatment has resulted in remarkable prolongation of disease-free survival and overall survival among patients with HIV who develop lymphoma. However, the survival in these patients still lags behind that of patients with lymphoma who are not infected with HIV. We also provide an update of epidemiological data, diagnostic issues, and strategies regarding the most-appropriate management of patients with both HIV and lymphomas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico Aviano (CRO), Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carbone
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico Aviano (CRO), Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Italy.
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vaccher
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Annunziata
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gloghini
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, USA.
authors.forename: Liron
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pantanowitz
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Division of Haematology, Tygerberg Hospital, South Africa.
authors.forename: Akin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abayomi
authors.affiliation: Molecular Virology and Scientific Directorate, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico Aviano (CRO), Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: de Paoli
authors.affiliation: Infections and Cancer Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, France.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Franceschi
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D016483:Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy; D009858:Oncogenic Viruses / Q000472:pathogenicity; D050130:Oncolytic Virotherapy; D036102:Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents