title: Association of pancreatic Fatty infiltration with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fatty infiltration (FI) in the pancreas is positively correlated with high body mass index (BMI) or obesity, and the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), which are well-known risk factors of pancreatic cancer. However, the association of FI in the pancreas with pancreatic cancer is unclear. Recently, we have shown that Syrian golden hamsters feature FI of the pancreas, the severity of which increases along with the progression of carcinogenesis induced by a chemical carcinogen. To translate the results to a clinical setting, we investigated whether FI in the pancreas is associated with pancreatic cancer in a series of patients who had undergone pancreatoduodenectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the series, we identified 102 cases with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and 85 controls with cancers except for PDAC. The degree of FI was evaluated histopathologically from the area occupied by adipocytes in pancreas sections, and was compared between the cases and controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The degree of FI in the pancreas was significantly higher in cases than in controls (median 26 vs. 15%, P<0.001) and positively associated with PDAC, even after adjustment for BMI, prevalence of DM and other confounding factors (odds ratio (OR), 6.1; P<0.001). BMI was identified as the most significantly associated factor with FI in the pancreas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a positive correlation between FI in the pancreas and pancreatic cancer.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Development System, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.affiliation: Central Animal Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Mami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Pathology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuyoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hiraoka
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Taiki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaji
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Prevention Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Michihiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mutoh
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Prevention Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Rikako
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ishigamori
authors.affiliation: Division of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Koh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Furuta
authors.affiliation: Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okusaka
authors.affiliation: Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.affiliation: Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kosuge
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Pathology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yae
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanai
authors.affiliation: 1] Division of Cancer Development System, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan [2] Division of Cancer Prevention Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakagama