title: New methods to control neuroblastoma growth.
abstract: Downstream of growth factor receptors, signaling by the phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K) pathway is known to play an important role in the growth and survival of many tumor types. The PI3K pathway simplistically comprises PI3K itself, followed by PDK-1, then AKT and finally glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3). PI3K/AKT signaling promotes increased GSK3 phosphorylation, that is associated with reduced GSK3 activity. There are two isoforms of GSK3, GSK3α and GSK3β, which have a high degree of sequence homology. GSK3 plays a role not only in the regulation of glycogen synthase activity but in the expression of multiple other proteins that play a role in cancer biology, including cyclins and anti-apoptotic proteins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Massey Cancer Center; Virginia Commonwealth University; Richmond, VA USA.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dent
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D019046:Bone Marrow Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; D006801:Humans; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000473:pathology*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014508:Urea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D013844:Thiazoles; C479831:N-(4-methoxybenzyl)-N'-(5-nitro-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)urea; D014508:Urea; C000605506:GSK3B protein, human; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; C448021:glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha
keywords: AR-A014418; GSK3; apoptosis; neuroblastoma