title: Tuning the adhesive geometry of neurons: length and polarity control.
abstract: Neurons acquire their functional and morphological axo-dendritic polarity by extending, from competing minor processes (neurites), one long axon among numerous dendrites. We employed complementary sets of micropatterns built from 2 and 6 μm wide stripes of various lengths to constrain hippocampal neuron shapes. Using these geometries, we have (i) limited the number of neuronal extensions to obtain a minimal in vitro system of bipolar neurons and (ii) controlled the neurite width during growth by the generation of a progressive cell shape asymmetry on either side of the cellular body. From this geometrical approach, we gained a high level of control of each neurite length and of the localization of axonal specification. To analyze these results, we developed a model based on a width and polarization dependent neurite elongation rate and on the existence of a critical neurite length that sets the axonal fate. Our data on the four series of micro-patterns developed for this study are described by a single set of growth parameters, well supported by experiments. The control of neuronal shapes by adhesive micro-patterns thereby offers a novel paradigm to follow the dynamical process of neurite lengthening and competition through the process of axonal polarization.
authors.affiliation: Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inst NEEL and CRETA, F-38042 Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Caterina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tomba
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Braïni
authors.forename: Beilun
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Nir S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Gov
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Villard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D048708:Cell Growth Processes; D016764:Cell Polarity; D048430:Cell Shape; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology; D051379:Mice; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology