title: Neurologic thoracic outlet syndrome: summarizing a complex history and evolution.
abstract: Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a blanket term encapsulating many different clinical entities. Neurologic or neurogenic TOS (NTOS) is its main contributor, but it remains a complicated and sometimes controversial entity. NTOS incorporates numerous types, etiologies, clinical presentations, diagnostic findings, and therapeutic modalities. This article reviews the spectrum of disease within the thoracic outlet that affects the brachial plexus, with a special emphasis on the commonly afflicted sports medicine patient.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Family and Community Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; 2Department of Family and Community Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University and Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, PA; and 3Department of Family and Community Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University and Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, PA.
authors.forename: Chaney
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stewman
authors.forename: Peter C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Vitanzo
authors.forename: Marc I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Harwood
mesh_terms: D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D001917:Brachial Plexus / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D013178:Sports Medicine / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends*; D013901:Thoracic Outlet Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*