title: Solid-state bioconversion of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) by Rhizopus oligosporus to improve total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and hypoglycemic functionality.
abstract: The objective of this investigation was to study the effect of time during solid state bioconversion (SSB) on total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity (AoxA), and inhibitory properties against α-amylase and α-glucosidase of chickpea. Chickpea cotyledons were inoculated with a suspension of Rhizopus oligosporus and incubated at 35 °C for 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96 and 108 h. The best time to produce bioprocessed chickpea (added with seed coats) flour with the highest AoxA was 108 h. SSB substantially increased TPC and AoxA of chickpea extracts in 2.78 and 1.80-1.94 times, respectively. At 36 and 96 h of fermentation, the SSB process improved in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition (AI and GI indexes) activities of chickpea extracts in 83 and 370%, respectively. SSB is a good strategy to enhance health-linked functionality of chickpea, due to improved TPC, AoxA and content of strong natural inhibitors of enzymes associated with diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Doctorado en Biotecnología, Programa Regional del Posgrado en Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas (FCQB), Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa (UAS) , Ciudad Universitaria, Sinaloa , México and.
authors.forename: Luis Martin
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Magaña
authors.forename: Edith Oliva
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Cuevas-Rodríguez
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez-Dorado
authors.forename: Ana Edith
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Ayala-Rodríguez
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valdez-Ortiz
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Milán-Carrillo
authors.forename: Cuauhtémoc
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Reyes-Moreno
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D052160:Benzothiazoles / Q000032:analysis; D029863:Cicer / Q000737:chemistry*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005285:Fermentation; D005511:Food Handling; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D012233:Rhizopus / Q000378:metabolism*; D013451:Sulfonic Acids / Q000032:analysis; D000516:alpha-Amylases / Q000378:metabolism; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013451:Sulfonic Acids; C002502:2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid; D000516:alpha-Amylases; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases
keywords: ABTS; ORAC; α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition