title: Label-free silver nanoparticles for the naked eye detection of entecavir.
abstract: A simple, rapid, field-portable colorimetric method for the detection of entecavir was proposed based on the color change caused by the aggregation of silver nanoparticles. Neutralization of the electrostatic repulsion from each silver nanoparticle resulted in the aggregation of AgNPs and a consequent color change of AgNPs from yellow to wine-red, which provided a platform for rapid and field-portable colorimetric detection of entecavir. The concentration of entecavir could be determined with naked eye or UV-vis spectrometer. The proposed method can be used to detect entecavir in human urine with a detection limit of 1.51μg mL(-1), within 25min by naked eye observation without the aid of any advanced instrument or complex pretreatment. Results from UV-vis spectra showed that the absorption ratio was linear with the concentration of entecavir in the range of 5.04-25.2μg mL(-1) and 1.01-5.04μg mL(-1) with linear coefficients of 0.9907 and 0.9955, respectively. The selectivity of AgNPs detection system for entecavir is excellent comparing with other ions and analytes. Due to its rapid, visible color changes, and excellent selectivity, the AgNPs synthesized in this study are suitable to be applied to on-site screening of entecavir in human urine.
authors.affiliation: Division of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
authors.forename: Mengmeng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Yancheng Health Vocational and Technical College, Yancheng 224005, China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Medical School, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, 519 Beijing East Road, Nanchang 330029, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Division of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China. Electronic address: baofenye@yahoo.com.cn.
authors.forename: Baofen
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Division of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, China. Electronic address: dochehua@163.com.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Yancheng Health Vocational and Technical College, Yancheng 224005, China.
authors.forename: Lanlan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qiu
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000652:urine*; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D003124:Colorimetry / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods; D006147:Guanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry*; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D019343:Citric Acid; D012834:Silver; C413685:entecavir; D006147:Guanine
keywords: Entecavir; Human urine; Label-free; Naked eye colorimetric detection; Silver nanoparticles