title: Factors associated with depression and anxiety in patients with end-stage renal disease receiving maintenance hemodialysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate anxiety, depression, and related factors in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) receiving maintenance hemodialysis and provide a reference for the establishment of a healthier life for such patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 81 patients were enrolled in the study. Qualified participants filled out self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and depression self-assessment scale (SDS) questionnaires as well as assessments of health knowledge and health self-efficacy. Linear regression analysis was performed to relate demographic factors, lifestyle habits, and nutrition parameters to SDS and SAS score indices.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean SAS and SDS score indices for the 81 patients were 52.96 and 46.71, respectively; 56 patients (69.1 %) had a depressive disorder (SDS score ≥ 50), and 31 patients (36.9 %) had anxiety symptoms (SAS score ≥ 50). SAS score index correlated with gender (p < .05) and history of alcohol use (p < .01), whereas SDS score index correlated with administration of erythropoietin (EPO) (p < .05) as well as gender and history of alcohol use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  History of alcohol consumption may predict less depressive symptoms and more anxiety among Chinese patients living in a northeastern Chinese city with ESRD. EPO administration may reduce anxiety in patients with ESRD. Female patients were more prone to anxiety, whereas males were more likely to show symptoms of depression. These factors should be evaluated by nephrologists treating patients with ESRD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Xiujiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Lizhi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yujun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Du
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002681:China; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology*; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011336:Probability; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D004921:Erythropoietin