title: Isolation of an oleanane-type saponin active from Bellis perennis through antitumor bioassay-guided procedures.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bellis perennis L. (Asteraceae) (common daisy) is a herbaceous perennial plant known as a traditional wound herb; it has been used for the treatment of bruises, broken bones, and wounds. Bellis perennis has also been used in the treatment of headache, common cold, stomachache, eye diseases, eczema, skin boils, gastritis, diarrhea, bleeding, rheumatism, inflammation, and infections of the upper respiratory tract in traditional medicine.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Antitumor activities of different fractions of B. perennis flowers at different concentrations were evaluated and through bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation procedures a saponin derivative (1) was isolated from the active fraction obtained from the n-butanol extract of flowers of the title plant by column chromatography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Antitumor activities of different fractions of B. perennis flowers at different concentrations were evaluated using Potato Disc Tumor Induction Bioassay. Structure elucidation of 1 was accomplished by spectroscopic methods [1D- and 2D-NMR, and LC-ESI(APCI)-TOF-MS(MSn)].
  
  
  RESULTS
  The present study showed the antitumor activity of fractions obtained from B. perennis flowers for the first time. The most active fraction showed 99% tumor inhibition at 3000 mg/L. An oleanane-type saponin was isolated through bioassay-guided studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Through antitumoral bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation procedures, 1 was isolated from the active fraction of B. perennis. The detailed NMR data of compound 1 is given for the first time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Abant Izzet Baysal University , Bolu , Turkey .
authors.forename: Fatma
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pehlivan Karakas
authors.forename: Didem
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Şöhretoğlu
authors.forename: Tibor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liptaj
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Štujber
authors.forename: Arzu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ucar Turker
authors.forename: Jozef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marák
authors.forename: İhsan
authors.initials: İ
authors.lastname: Çalış
authors.forename: Funda Nuray
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Yalçın
mesh_terms: D016960:Agrobacterium tumefaciens / Q000187:drug effects; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D019659:Asteraceae; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D012503:Saponins / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011198:Solanum tuberosum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012503:Saponins; C413246:oleanane; D009828:Oleanolic Acid
keywords: Asteraceae; common daisy; compositae; potato disc tumor induction bioassay