title: Marine Sponge/CuO Nanocrystal: A Natural and Efficient Catalyst for Sulfonamides Synthesis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Marine sponge/nano-CuO as a natural catalyst efficiently catalyzed the Sulfonylation reaction of p-chlorobenzene sulfonyl chlorides with amines in order to prepare sulfonamides. The advantages included use of a natural catalyst, ease of handling, requirement of a very small amount of catalyst, mild reaction condition and appropriateness to high yield.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The current study aimed to look for a solid support reaction and to develop a general, mild and novel method in order to synthesize sulfonamides in the absence of a strong base, it was found that marine sponge/nano-CuO is a natural and efficient catalyst for this method at room temperature.
  
  
  METHODS
  The reaction was carried out simply by addition of amine and p -chlorobenzene sulfonyl chloride to the mixture of Marine sponge powder/nano-CuO in acetonitrile at room temperature. Then the reaction mixture was extracted by CH2Cl2 and was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Evaporation of the solvent afforded the products.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this method several derivatives of sulfonamide underwent the reaction of different amines with p-chlorobenzene sulfonyl chloride in the presence of marine sponge/nano-CuO in CH3CN are synthesized.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, a new, natural and efficient marine catalyst, and a marine sponge/nano-CuO were developed to synthesize sulfonamide derivatives in CH3CN in 75-93% yields. This method was applied to a wide range of aromatic and aliphatic amines under mild conditions.
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Marine Pharmaceutical Science, Ahvaz Jundishpur University of Medical Science, Ahvaz, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Mohamad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Shushizadeh
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Marine Pharmaceutical Science, Ahvaz Jundishpur University of Medical Science, Ahvaz, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Azar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mostoufi
authors.affiliation: Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch-Khoozestan, Ahvaz, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Marjan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fakhrian
keywords: Marine; Nanoparticles; Sponge; Sulfonamides; Synthesis