title: Omega 3 fatty acids as a host modulator in chronic periodontitis patients: a randomised, double-blind, palcebo-controlled, clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Periodontitis is an infectious disease caused predominantly by gram-negative anerobes. The host inflammatory response to these bacteria causes alveolar bone loss that is characterized as periodontitis. Omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3 FAs) have anti-inflammatory properties, thus have been used to treat some chronic inflammatory diseases such as cardiovascular disease and rheumatoid arthritis. We aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with ω-3 FAs as a host modulating agent in patients with chronic periodontitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty otherwise healthy subjects with moderate and severe chronic periodontitis were enrolled in our randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The control group (CG, n=30) was treated with scaling and root planing (SRP) and given a placebo; the treatment group (TG, n=30) was treated with SRP and dietary supplementation of ω-3 FAs (one 300 mg tablet daily for 12 weeks). Periodontal clinical parameters and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were evaluated in all patients at baseline, a 6-week and 12-week period after treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant reduction in the gingival index, sulcus bleeding index, pocket depth, and clinical attachment level was found in the TG compared to the CG at a 12-week period. However, no statistically significant changes in serum CRP levels were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that ω-3 FAs can successfully reduce gingival inflammation, pocket depth, and attachment level gain. Dietary supplementation with ω-3 FAs may have potential benefits as a host modulatory agent in the prevention and/or adjunctive management of chronic periodontitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Tatyasaheb Kore Dental College and Research Centre, New Pargaon, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Girish D
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8034-3641
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Deore
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Tatyasaheb Kore Dental College and Research Centre, New Pargaon, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Abhijit N
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1530-5160
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Gurav
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Tatyasaheb Kore Dental College and Research Centre, New Pargaon, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Rahul
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9066-5705
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Tatyasaheb Kore Dental College and Research Centre, New Pargaon, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Abhijeet R
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6871-9749
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Shete
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Tatyasaheb Kore Dental College and Research Centre, New Pargaon, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Ritam S
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0923-4829
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Naiktari
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Tatyasaheb Kore Dental College and Research Centre, New Pargaon, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Saurabh P
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1584-1403
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Inamdar
keywords: C-reactive protein; Chronic periodontitis; Omega-3 fatty acids