title: SUMOylation of Myc-family proteins.
abstract: Myc-family proteins are key controllers of the metabolic and proliferative status of the cell, and are subjected to a complex network of regulatory events that guarantee their efficient and fast modulation by extracellular stimuli. Hence, unbalances in regulatory mechanisms leading to altered Myc levels or activities are often reported in cancer cells. Here we show that c- and N-Myc are conjugated to SUMO proteins at conserved lysines in their C-terminal domain. No obvious effects of SUMOylation were detected on bulk N-Myc stability or activities, including the regulation of transcription, proliferation or apoptosis. N-Myc SUMOylation could be induced by cellular stresses, such as heat shock and proteasome inhibition, and in all instances concerned a small fraction of the N-Myc protein. We surmise that, as shown for other substrates, SUMOylation may be part of a quality-control mechanism acting on misfolded Myc proteins.
authors.affiliation: Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Milan, Italy; Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Arianna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sabò
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Mirko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Doni
authors.affiliation: Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Milan, Italy; Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Amati
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D018869:Heat-Shock Response; D006801:Humans; D008239:Lysine / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D050505:Mutant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D025841:Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D058207:Sumoylation
chemical_list: D050505:Mutant Proteins; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D025841:Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins; D008239:Lysine