title: Highly efficient expression of interleukin-2 under the control of rabbit β-globin intron II gene enhances protective immune responses of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) DNA vaccine in pigs.
abstract: Highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (HP-PRRSV) had caused catastrophic losses in swine industry in China. The current inactivated vaccine provided only limited protection, and the attenuated live vaccine could protect piglets against the HP-PRRSV but there was a possibility that the attenuated virus returned to high virulence. In this study, the eukaryotic expression vector pVAX1© was modified under the control of rabbit β-globin intron II gene and the modified vector pMVAX1© was constructed. Porcine interleukin-2 (IL-2) and GP3-GP5 fusion protein of HP-PRRSV strain SD-JN were highly expressed by pMVAX1©. Mice inoculated with pMVAX1©-GP35 developed significantly higher PRRSV-specific antibody responses and T cell proliferation than those vaccinated with pVAX1©-GP35. pMVAX1©-GP35 was selected as PRRS DNA vaccine candidate and co-administrated with pVAX1©-IL-2 or pMVAX1©-IL-2 in pigs. pMVAX1©-IL-2+pMVAX1©-GP35 could provide enhanced PRRSV-specific antibody responses, T cell proliferation, Th1-type and Th2-type cytokine responses and CTL responses than pMVAX1©-GP35 and pVAX1©-IL-2+pMVAX1©-GP35. Following homologous challenge with HP-PRRSV strain SD-JN, similar with attenuated PRRS vaccine group, pigs inoculated with pMVAX1©-IL-2+pMVAX1©-GP35 showed no clinical signs, almost no lung lesions and no viremia, as compared to those in pMVAX1©-GP35 and pVAX1©-IL-2+pMVAX1©-GP35 groups. It indicated that pMVAX1©-IL-2 effectively increases humoral and cell mediated immune responses of pMVAX1©-GP35. Co-administration of pMVAX1©-IL-2 and pMVAX1©-GP35 might be attractive candidate vaccines for preventing HP-PRRSV infections.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Yijun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: National Research Center of Veterinary Biologicals Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
authors.forename: Xinglong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Jiyu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Microbiology, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, United States of America.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Jiaqiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Lihui
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Junzhen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Haiying
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Wenbo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cong
authors.affiliation: Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Sufang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Jianli
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China; College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
authors.forename: Jinbao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Baohua
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
authors.forename: Renzhong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000276:immunology; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000276:immunology; D056724:Immunity, Humoral / Q000276:immunology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D007438:Introns / Q000235:genetics; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D019318:Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D019316:Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013552:Swine; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D055544:beta-Globins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D016207:Cytokines; D006023:Glycoproteins; D007376:Interleukin-2; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D014764:Viral Proteins; D055544:beta-Globins