title: A single amino acid mutation, R42A, in the Newcastle disease virus matrix protein abrogates its nuclear localization and attenuates viral replication and pathogenicity.
abstract: The Newcastle disease virus (NDV) matrix (M) protein is a highly basic and nucleocytoplasmic shuttling viral protein. Previous study has demonstrated that the N-terminal 100 aa of NDV M protein are somewhat acidic overall, but the remainder of the polypeptide is strongly basic. In this study, we investigated the role of the N-terminal basic residues in the subcellular localization of M protein and in the replication and pathogenicity of NDV. We found that mutation of the basic residue arginine (R) to alanine (A) at position 42 disrupted M's nuclear localization. Moreover, a recombinant virus with R42A mutation in the M protein reduced viral replication in DF-1 cells and attenuated the virulence and pathogenicity of the virus in chickens. This is the first report to show that a basic residue mutation in the NDV M protein abrogates its nuclear localization and attenuates viral replication and pathogenicity.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhiqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
authors.forename: Haixu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
authors.forename: Yuyang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
authors.forename: Huimou
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Educational Key Lab for Avian Preventive Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.|Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.|College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
authors.forename: Shunlin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Educational Key Lab for Avian Preventive Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.|Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.|College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiufan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000825:Animal Structures / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000737:chemistry; D002645:Chickens; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000737:chemistry; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D050505:Mutant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology*; D017354:Point Mutation; D021381:Protein Transport; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014774:Virulence; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D050505:Mutant Proteins; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins