title: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery colorectal anastomosis: a critical step to natural orifice colorectal surgery in humans.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Transanal endoscopic microsurgery is used in the surgical management of advanced rectal polyps and early rectal cancers. There are case reports of transanal endoscopic microsurgery colorectal anastomoses being performed with laparoscopic assistance in humans.
  
  
  METHODS
  The concept of a transanal endoscopic microsurgery colorectal anastomosis without laparoscopic assistance has been discussed and trialed on animal and cadaveric specimens; however, to date, there have been no technical reports of this particular procedure in the literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We present a technical note describing a transanal endoscopic microsurgery intraperitoneal colorectal anastomosis in a live human without laparoscopic assistance.
authors.affiliation: 1Colorectal Surgical Unit, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 2Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: K Chip
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Farmer
authors.forename: Hedley S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.forename: Satish K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Warrier
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000601:surgery*; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000379:methods; D012809:Colon, Sigmoid / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods*; D057605:Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery / Q000379:methods*; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D012007:Rectum / Q000601:surgery*