title: Regulation of aerobic granular sludge reformulation after granular sludge broken: effect of poly aluminum chloride (PAC).
abstract: The present study focuses on the effect of poly aluminum chloride (PAC) on the re-formation of aerobic granular sludge after its rupture. The morphological changes, physical characteristics such as SVI, mechanical strength and surface properties of aerobic granular sludge during the re-formation process of broken granules were investigated. Moreover, components (protein (PN), polysaccharides (PS)) and distributions (soluble, loosely-bound (LB), tightly-bound (TB)) of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in sludge flocs were taken into consideration. It was found that the effect of charge neutralization and bridging induced by PAC treatment improved the surface properties of sludge, the re-formed granules had a larger size, more compact structure and that the removal performance of pollutants after chemical coagulation had improved. The results of correlation analysis demonstrated that PN in EPS correlated well with the surface characteristics and settling ability of sludge flocs, and PAC treatment strengthened the influence, further accelerated the reformation of granular sludge.
authors.affiliation: Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China; Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 10 Fenghui South Road, Xi'an 710075, China. Electronic address: liuyongjun@xauat.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yongjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China.
authors.forename: Zhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China.
authors.forename: Fukun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 10 Fenghui South Road, Xi'an 710075, China.
authors.forename: Yiping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstr 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kuschk
authors.affiliation: Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China.
authors.forename: Xiaochang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000332:Aerobiosis; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D012722:Sewage
chemical_list: D012722:Sewage; C016213:aluminum oxychloride; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide
keywords: Aerobic granular sludge; Physical–chemical characteristics; Poly aluminum chloride (PAC); Re-formation; Regulation