title: Cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of fluoxetine hydrochloride (Prozac), with or without vitamins A and C, in plant and animal model systems.
abstract: Fluoxetine, commonly known as Prozac, is the first representative of the so-called new generation of antidepressants that promise efficacy, with few side effects, against deep depression, nervous bulimia, and anxiety. As there is a growing number of people suffering from anxiety and depression; consequently, the use of fluoxetine is also increasing. Verifying absence of drug effects such as cytotoxicity or mutagenicity is of great importance. Certain vitamins, such as vitamin A (retinol, retinoids) and vitamin C (ascorbic acid) protect and are extremely active against mutagens. We evaluated the cytotoxic and mutagenic activity of fluoxetine, with and without concomitant administration of vitamin A or C, in Allium cepa meristem cells and Wistar rat bone marrow cells. The A. cepa meristem cells showed fluoxetine cytotoxicity; concomitant treatment with vitamin A or C proved non-protective. Treatment of Wistar rats with fluoxetine intraperitoneally or via gavage did not affect cell division or cause clastogenic effects. Vitamin A and C did not affect the cytotoxicity or mutagenicity of fluoxetine in the rat cells.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Mutagênese e Monitoramento Animal, Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brasil lisdusman@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Düsman
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Mutagênese e Monitoramento Animal, Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brasil.
authors.forename: I V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Mutagênese e Monitoramento Animal, Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brasil.
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Mariucci
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brasil.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Mantovani
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Mutagênese e Monitoramento Animal, Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brasil.
authors.forename: V E P
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Vicentini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D019697:Onions / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D009153:Mutagens; D005473:Fluoxetine; D014801:Vitamin A; D001205:Ascorbic Acid