title: Crystal structure elucidation and anticancer studies of (-)-pseudosemiglabrin: a flavanone isolated from the aerial parts of Tephrosia apollinea.
abstract: Tephrosia apollinea is a perennial shrublet widely distributed in Africa and is known to have medicinal properties. The current study describes the bio-assay (cytotoxicity) guided isolation of (-)-pseudosemiglabrin from the aerial parts of T. apollinea. The structural and stereochemical features have been described using spectral and x-ray crystallographic techniques. The cytotoxicity of isolated compound was evaluated against nine cancer cell lines. In addition, human fibroblast was used as a model cell line for normal cells. The results showed that (-)-pseudosemiglabrin exhibited dose-dependent antiproliferative effect on most of the tested cancer cell lines. Selectively, the compound showed significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of leukemia, prostate and breast cancer cell lines. Further studies revealed that, the compound exhibited proapoptotic phenomenon of cytotoxicity. Interestingly, the compound did not display toxicity against the normal human fibroblast. It can be concluded that (-)-pseudosemiglabrin is worthy for further investigation as a potential chemotherapeutic agent.
authors.affiliation: EMAN Research and Testing Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Loiy Elsir
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Ahmed Hassan
authors.affiliation: EMAN Research and Testing Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohamed B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Khadeer Ahamed
authors.affiliation: Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (IPPT), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Aman Shah
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Abdul Majid
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Muhammad Adnan
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Iqbal
authors.affiliation: EMAN Research and Testing Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Fouad Saleih R
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Al Suede
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Rosenani A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Haque
authors.affiliation: EMAN Research and Testing Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Zhari
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.affiliation: Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Oon Chern
authors.initials: OC
authors.lastname: Ein
authors.affiliation: EMAN Research and Testing Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Amin Malik Shah Abdul
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Majid
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D005419:Flavonoids; C068536:pseudosemiglabrin