title: Concise review: next-generation cell therapies to prevent infections in neutropenic patients.
abstract: High-dose chemotherapy is accompanied by an obligate period of neutropenia. Resulting bacterial and fungal infections are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in neutropenic patients despite prophylactic antimicrobials and hematopoietic growth factor supplements. Replacing neutrophils in the patient through transfusion of donor cells is a logical solution to prevent fulminant infections. In the past, this strategy has been hampered by poor yield, inability to store collected cells, and possible donor morbidity caused by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor injections and apheresis. Today, neutrophil-like cells can be manufactured in the laboratory at the clinical scale from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells enriched from umbilical cord blood. This article reviews the rationale for focusing research efforts toward ex vivo neutrophil production and explores clinical settings for future trials.
authors.affiliation: Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Marion E G
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Brunck
authors.forename: Lars K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Nielsen
mesh_terms: D064591:Allografts; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017690:Cell Transplantation; D036101:Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D017053:Infection Control; D007239:Infections; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
keywords: Cell therapy; Chemotherapy; Hematopoiesis; Neutropenia; Neutrophils