title: Adenosine and inflammation: what's new on the horizon?
abstract: Adenosine contributes to the maintenance of tissue integrity by modulating the immune system. Encouraging results have emerged with adenosine receptor ligands for the management of several inflammatory conditions in preclinical and clinical settings. However, therapeutic applications of these drugs are sometimes complicated by the occurrence of serious adverse effects. The scientific community is making intensive efforts to design novel adenosine receptor ligands endowed with greater selectivity or to develop innovative compounds acting as allosteric receptor modulators. In parallel, research is focusing on novel pharmacological entities (designated as adenosine-regulating agents) that can increase, in a site- and event-specific manner, adenosine concentrations at the inflammatory site, thereby minimizing the adverse systemic effects of adenosine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Department of Surgery and Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA. Electronic address: lucaant@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Antonioli
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
authors.forename: Balázs
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Csóka
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fornai
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Rocchina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Colucci
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary.
authors.forename: Endre
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kókai
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Corrado
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Blandizzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA; Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary.
authors.forename: György
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Haskó
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000276:immunology*; D000494:Allosteric Regulation / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology*; D008024:Ligands; D018047:Receptors, Purinergic P1 / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D008024:Ligands; D018047:Receptors, Purinergic P1; D000241:Adenosine