title: The nucleolar phosphoprotein B23 targets Newcastle disease virus matrix protein to the nucleoli and facilitates viral replication.
abstract: The cellular nucleolar proteins are reported to facilitate the replication cycles of some human and animal viruses by interaction with viral proteins. In this study, a nucleolar phosphoprotein B23 was identified to interact with Newcastle disease virus (NDV) matrix (M) protein. We found that NDV M protein accumulated in the nucleolus by binding B23 early in infection, but resulted in the redistribution of B23 from the nucleoli to the nucleoplasm later in infection. In vitro binding studies utilizing deletion mutants indicated that amino acids 30-60 of M and amino acids 188-245 of B23 were required for binding. Furthermore, knockdown of B23 by siRNA or overexpression of B23 or M-binding B23-derived polypeptides remarkably reduced cytopathic effect and inhibited NDV replication. Collectively, we show that B23 facilitates NDV replication by targeting M to the nucleolus, demonstrating for the first time a direct role for nucleolar protein B23 in a paramyxovirus replication process.
authors.affiliation: Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Ministry of Educational Key Lab for Avian Preventive Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
authors.forename: Zhiqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
authors.forename: Haixu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
authors.forename: Qunhui
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Ministry of Educational Key Lab for Avian Preventive Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
authors.forename: Huimou
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Ministry of Educational Key Lab for Avian Preventive Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
authors.forename: Shunlin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Ministry of Educational Key Lab for Avian Preventive Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China. Electronic address: xfliu@yzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiufan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002466:Cell Nucleolus / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D002645:Chickens; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000090243:Nucleophosmin; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D011485:Protein Binding; D021381:Protein Transport; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: C000716967:NPM1 protein, human; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins; D000090243:Nucleophosmin
keywords: B23; Matrix protein; Newcastle disease virus; Nucleolar protein; Viral replication