title: Association between psychosocial distress with cardio metabolic risk factors and liver enzymes in a nationally-representative sample of Iranian children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-III study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The present study was designed to evaluate association of psychosocial distress with cardio metabolic risk factors and liver enzymes in Iranian children and adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  This nationwide study was conducted as the third survey of the school-based surveillance system that was conducted among 5593 school students, 10-18 years in Iran. High triglyceride (TG), high fasting blood sugar (FBS), high total cholesterol (TC), high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), hypertension (HTN), generalized obesity and abdominal obesity were considered as cardio metabolic risk factors and alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were considered as liver enzymes. Data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression (MLR) analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Psychosocial distress was detected in2027 (71.2%) of boys and 1759 (63.3%) of girls. Among boys, the mean of LDL, AST and DBP were higher and the mean FBS and HDL were lowering those with psychiatric distress than their other counterparts. Girls with psychosocial distress had significantly higher mean of HDL and FBS than those without psychiatric distress. Psychosocial distress significantly increased the odds of high LDL (OR = 2.36, 95%CI 1.53, 3.64), high FBS (OR = 1.23, 95%CI 1.02, 1.49) and low HDL (OR = 1.65, 95%CI 1.41, 1.95).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Psychosocial distress in adolescents is associated with increased risk of some cardio metabolic risk factors.
authors.forename: Mostafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Qorbani
authors.forename: Roya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kelishadi
authors.forename: Ehsaneh
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Taheri
authors.forename: Mohammad Esmaeil
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Motlagh
authors.forename: Seyed Masoud
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Arzaghi
authors.forename: Gelayol
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ardalan
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chinian
authors.forename: Minoosadat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mahmoudarabi
authors.forename: Aziz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rezapoor
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Asayesh
authors.forename: Bagher
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Larijani
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. mamini@tums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Amini
authors.forename: Ramin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Heshmat