title: Sodium hypochlorite-induced acute kidney injury.
abstract: Sodium hypochlorite (bleach) is commonly used as an irrigant during dental procedures as well as a topical antiseptic agent. Although it is generally safe when applied topically, reports of accidental injection of sodium hypochlorite into tissue have been reported. Local necrosis, pain and nerve damage have been described as a result of exposure, but sodium hypo-chlorite has never been implicated as a cause of an acute kidney injury (AKI). In this report, we describe the first case of accidental sodium hypochlorite injection into the infraorbital tissue during a dental procedure that precipitated the AKI. We speculate that oxidative species induced by sodium hypochlorite caused AKI secondary to the renal tubular injury, causing mild acute tubular necrosis.
authors.forename: Brandon W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Peck
authors.forename: Biruh
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Workeneh
authors.forename: Huseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kadikoy
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine; Division of Nephrology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Abdul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abdellatif
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced*; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000628:therapy; D004438:Ecchymosis / Q000139:chemically induced; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease; D007267:Injections; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries; D008508:Medication Errors / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016877:Oxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D016877:Oxidants; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite