title: Vitamin D and chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disease (CKD-MBD).
abstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a modern day epidemic and has significant morbidity and mortality implications. Mineral and bone disorders are common in CKD and are now collectively referred to as CKD- mineral and bone disorder (MBD). These abnormalities begin to appear even in early stages of CKD and contribute to the pathogenesis of renal osteodystrophy. Alteration in vitamin D metabolism is one of the key features of CKD-MBD that has major clinical and research implications. This review focuses on biology, epidemiology and management aspects of these alterations in vitamin D metabolism as they relate to skeletal aspects of CKD-MBD in adult humans.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Sagar U
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Nigwekar
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center , Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Hector
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tamez
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Ravi I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Thadhani