title: Lentiviral Effector Pathways of TRIM Proteins.
abstract: The human tripartite motif (TRIM) family, composed of more than 77 members, encompasses an emerging group of innate antiviral factors. Most TRIM proteins are characterized by being E3 ubiquitin ligases, but also engage in specific interactions with a variety of cellular and viral partners. They are involved in many cellular processes, including cell differentiation, transcriptional regulation, cytoskeleton remodeling, intracellular trafficking, membrane repair, and oncogenesis. In regard to antiviral immunity, they restrict both retroviruses and lentiviruses as well as other DNA and RNA viruses. This review will focus on the TRIM members endowed with anti-retroviral and anti-lentiviral activities and, in particular, human immunodeficiency virus.
authors.affiliation: Viral Pathogens and Biosafety Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute , Milan, Italy .
authors.forename: Filippo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Turrini
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Pietro
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vicenzi
mesh_terms: D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology*; D016086:Lentivirus / Q000276:immunology*; D018448:Models, Immunological; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases