title: Determination of 12 potential nephrotoxicity biomarkers in rat serum and urine by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry and its application to renal failure induced by Semen Strychni.
abstract: In previous nephrotoxicity metabonomic studies, several potential biomarkers were found and evaluated. To investigate the relationship between the nephrotoxicity biomarkers and the therapeutic role of Radix Glycyrrhizae extract on Semen Strychni-induced renal failure, 12 typical biomarkers are selected and a simple LC-MS method has been developed and validated. Citric acid, guanidinosuccinic acid, taurine, guanidinoacetic acid, uric acid, creatinine, hippuric acid, xanthurenic acid, kynurenic acid, 3-indoxyl sulfate, indole-3-acetic acid, and phenaceturic acid were separated by a Phenomenex Luna C18 column and a methanol/water (5 mM ammonium acetate) gradient program with a runtime of 20 min. The prepared calibration curves showed good linearity with regression coefficients all above 0.9913. The absolute recoveries of analytes from serum and urine were all more than 70.4%. With the developed method, analytes were successfully determined in serum and urine samples within 52 days. Results showed that guanidinosuccinic acid, guanidinoacetic acid, 3-indoxyl sulfate, and indole-3-acetic acid (only in urine) were more sensitive than the conventional renal function markers in evaluating the therapeutic role of Radix Glycyrrhizae extract on Semen Strychni-induced renal failure. The method could be further used in predicting and monitoring renal failure cause by other reasons in the following researches.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Liqiang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Xiaofan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Huan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Kaishun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000633:toxicity; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D006146:Guanidines / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D006626:Hippurates / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D007200:Indican / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D007736:Kynurenic Acid / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013386:Succinates / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D013654:Taurine / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D014977:Xanthurenates / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D006146:Guanidines; D006626:Hippurates; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013386:Succinates; D014977:Xanthurenates; D013654:Taurine; D014527:Uric Acid; D019343:Citric Acid; C022050:phenylacetylglycine; C028330:xanthurenic acid; C001318:guanidinosuccinic acid; C030737:indoleacetic acid; D003404:Creatinine; C004946:glycocyamine; D007736:Kynurenic Acid; D007200:Indican; C030514:hippuric acid; D005998:Glycine
keywords: Biomarkers; Nephrotoxicity; Radix Glycyrrhizae; Renal failure; Semen Strychni