title: A double-blind, placebo-controlled randomised trial evaluating the effect of a polyphenol-rich whole food supplement on PSA progression in men with prostate cancer--the U.K. NCRN Pomi-T study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Polyphenol-rich foods such as pomegranate, green tea, broccoli and turmeric have demonstrated anti-neoplastic effects in laboratory models involving angiogenesis, apoptosis and proliferation. Although some have been investigated in small, phase II studies, this combination has never been evaluated within an adequately powered randomised controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 199 men, average age 74 years, with localised prostate cancer, 60% managed with primary active surveillance (AS) or 40% with watchful waiting (WW) following previous interventions, were randomised (2:1) to receive an oral capsule containing a blend of pomegranate, green tea, broccoli and turmeric, or an identical placebo for 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median rise in PSA in the food supplement group (FSG) was 14.7% (95% confidence intervals (CIs) 3.4-36.7%), as opposed to 78.5% in the placebo group (PG) (95% CI 48.1-115.5%), difference 63.8% (P=0.0008). In all, 8.2% of men in the FSG and 27.7% in the PG opted to leave surveillance at the end of the intervention (χ2 P=0.014). There were no significant differences within the predetermined subgroups of age, Gleason grade, treatment category or body mass index. There were no differences in cholesterol, blood pressure, blood sugar, C-reactive protein or adverse events.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study found a significant short-term, favourable effect on the percentage rise in PSA in men managed with AS and WW following ingestion of this well-tolerated, specific blend of concentrated foods. Its influence on decision-making suggests that this intervention is clinically meaningful, but further trials will evaluate longer term clinical effects, and other makers of disease progression.
authors.affiliation: 1] The Primrose Research Unit, Bedford Hospital, Bedford, UK [2] Department of Oncology, Addenbrooke's Cambridge University NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK [3] Department of Postgraduate Medicine, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: The Primrose Research Unit, Bedford Hospital, Bedford, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: The Primrose Research Unit, Bedford Hospital, Bedford, UK.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Addenbrooke's Cambridge University NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chaudry
authors.affiliation: Department of Postgraduate Medicine, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bellamy
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001937:Brassica; D030024:Curcuma; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D018450:Disease Progression; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D007610:Kallikreins / Q000097:blood*; D029561:Lythraceae; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D013662:Tea
chemical_list: D059808:Polyphenols; D013662:Tea; C549870:KLK3 protein, human; D007610:Kallikreins; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen