title: Acute effects of a dietary non-starch polysaccharide supplement on cognitive performance in healthy middle-aged adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Certain plant polysaccharides may provide psychological health benefits. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether they can acutely improve mood and cognitive function.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, between subjects design trial, 73 middle-aged adults consumed 4 g of a proprietary mixture of non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) (Ambrotose® complex), a rice flour placebo, or a sucrose control. Participants completed testing at baseline and 30 minutes post-consumption. Acute effects of consumption on mood, cognition, and blood glucose were evaluated during mental tests designed to induce mental fatigue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant improvement in recognition and working memory performance was observed in the group that consumed NSP compared with placebo or sucrose. Improvements in memory performance following NSP intake were independent of changes in blood glucose.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first report of acute behavioural improvement following plant polysaccharide intake in healthy middle-aged adults under conditions of mental fatigue. The findings suggest that certain NSP may enhance memory performance through mechanisms other than elevated blood glucose.
authors.forename: Talitha
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Best
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Howe
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bryan
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Buckley
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scholey
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005685:Galactans / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005690:Galactose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D005944:Glucosamine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008351:Mannans / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008570:Memory, Short-Term; D005222:Mental Fatigue / Q000517:prevention & control; D008875:Middle Aged; D018697:Nootropic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D058573:Performance-Enhancing Substances / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D021641:Recognition, Psychology
chemical_list: D005685:Galactans; D008351:Mannans; D018697:Nootropic Agents; D058573:Performance-Enhancing Substances; D011134:Polysaccharides; C012990:galactomannan; C022901:(1-6)-alpha-glucomannan; D005944:Glucosamine; C005653:arabinogalactan; C058414:acemannan; D005690:Galactose
keywords: Arabinogalactan; Cognition; Dietary polysaccharides; Memory; Middle-aged adults; Plant polysaccharides; Saccharides