title: Infection control practices in health care: Teaching and learning requirements of medical undergraduates.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Compliance and implementation of infection control guidelines have been recognized as efficient means to prevent and control hospital acquired infections.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate knowledge and practices about infection control guidelines amongst medical students and to explore their education needs as perceived by them and faculty.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 160 final year students and 100 faculty members of one of the top medical colleges in India were selected by simple random sampling in each group as per sample size of 143 students (alpha 0.05, error 7%, prevalence 60%) and 99 (error 7.5%) faculty. Data collected by pilot-tested, unlinked, anonymous questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Amongst students, knowledge (77.50%; 95% CI, 70.24-83.72) was mixed with misconceptions. Only 31.25% always followed hand hygiene procedure; 50% recapped needles; disposal of hazardous material into designated containers always was low (sharps 20%, contaminated items 25%). Despite experiencing needle stick injury (6.25%) and splashes (40%), less than 30% reported these as 44% were unaware of reporting procedure. The discord between the perceptions of faculty regarding students and students' own perceptions was clearly evident (all Kappa values less than 0.50). Students and faculty agreed on workshops (58.13% and 58%) and reinforcement by colleagues (51% and 54%) but not on on-job training (51% and 34%) and part of curriculum (48% and 40%) for teaching-learning infection control.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tackling disconnect between students and faculty perceptions and empowering students with knowledge and skills in infection control is important. Approach needs to be researched and formulated as current methods seem to be inadequate.
authors.affiliation: Final MBBS, Part II Student, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune-40, India.
authors.forename: Afreen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ayub
authors.affiliation: Resident, Dept of Community Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune-40, India.
authors.forename: Ashish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goyal
authors.affiliation: Intern, LNJP Hospital, Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Anupam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kotwal
authors.affiliation: Resident, Dept of Community Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune-40, India.
authors.forename: Aniket
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.affiliation: Professor, Dept of Community Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune-40, India.
authors.forename: Atul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kotwal
authors.affiliation: Professor & Head, Dept of Community Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune-40, India.
authors.forename: Ajoy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mahen
keywords: Hand hygiene; Infection control; Medical faculty; Medical students; Standard precautions; Teaching–learning