title: Experience of low-dose aminophylline use to relieve minor adverse effects of dipyridamole in patients undergoing stress myocardial perfusion imaging.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intravenous administration of aminophylline is widely adopted to reverse dipyridamole-related adverse effects (AEs) during stress myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). The study aimed to investigate the efficacy of lower-dose aminophylline to relieve minor AEs.
  
  
  METHODS
  2,250 consecutive patients undergoing dipyridamole-stressed MPI were enrolled. Information concerning AE occurrence and dosages of aminophylline was collected to evaluate the efficacy of lower-dose aminophylline. A logistic regression was used to determine independent predictors of dipyridamole-related AE occurrence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No severe AE was noted. Overall mild AE incidence was 37.0% (833/2,250 patients). Initial low-dose (25 mg) aminophylline relieved symptoms in 98.8% of patients with mild AEs (823/833 patients). An extra 25 mg aminophylline sufficed to reverse all such AEs. Mean body mass index (BMI) differed significantly between patients with and without any AE [25.6 vs 25.1 (P = .009)]. There was no significant difference between two subgroups in mean age, male gender prevalence, body height and weight, dipyridamole dose/BMI, or prevalence of significant perfusion defect(s) on MPI. Multivariable logistic regression demonstrated BMI remained the independent predictor of dipyridamole-related AE occurrence (odds ratio 1.028, 95% confidence interval 1.007-1.049, P = .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low-dose (≦50 mg, and usually 25 mg) aminophylline seems sufficient to relieve mild dipyridamole-related AEs during stress MPI.
authors.affiliation: PET center and Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital & National Defense Medical Center, 325, Cheng-Kung Road, Section 2, Taipei, 114, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Li-Fan
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Cheng-Yi
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Cheng-Han
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Chih-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Ku
authors.forename: Neng-Chuan
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Tseng
authors.forename: Daniel H Y
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000628:Aminophylline / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015897:Comorbidity; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004176:Dipyridamole / Q000009:adverse effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055414:Myocardial Perfusion Imaging / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015995:Prevalence; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013794:Thallium Radioisotopes; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D013794:Thallium Radioisotopes; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D000628:Aminophylline; D004176:Dipyridamole