title: Population explosion in the yellow-spined bamboo locust Ceracris kiangsu and inferences for the impact of human activity.
abstract: Geographic distance and geographical barriers likely play a considerable role in structuring genetic variation in species, although some migratory species may have less phylogeographic structure on a smaller spatial scale. Here, genetic diversity and the phylogenetic structure among geographical populations of the yellow-spined bamboo locust, Ceracris kiangsu, were examined with 16S rDNA and amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs). In this study, no conspicuous phylogeographical structure was discovered from either Maximum parsimony (MP) and Neighbor-joining (NJ) phylogenetic analyses. The effect of geographical isolation was not conspicuous on a large spatial scale.At smaller spatial scales local diversity of some populations within mountainous areas were detected using Nei's genetic distance and AMOVA. There is a high level of genetic diversity and a low genetic differentiation among populations in the C. kiangsu of South and Southeast China. Our analyses indicate that C. kiangsu is a monophyletic group. Our results also support the hypothesis that the C. kiangsu population is in a primary differentiation stage. Given the mismatch distribution, it is likely that a population expansion in C. kiangsu occurred about 0.242 Ma during the Quaternary interglaciation. Based on historical reports, we conjecture that human activities had significant impacts on the C. kiangsu gene flow.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Zhou
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America.
authors.forename: Guo-Fang
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Xiang
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America.
authors.forename: Qi-Xin
authors.initials: QX
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Blanchard
mesh_terms: D054458:Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D002681:China; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D017753:Ecosystem; D051456:Gene Flow; D005787:Gene Frequency; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005828:Genetics, Population; D006110:Grasshoppers / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development*; D006239:Haplotypes; D006802:Human Activities; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D011158:Population Growth; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S