title: Alleviation of salt stress by enterobacter sp. EJ01 in tomato and Arabidopsis is accompanied by up-regulation of conserved salinity responsive factors in plants.
abstract: Microbiota in the niches of the rhizosphere zones can affect plant growth and responses to environmental stress conditions via mutualistic interactions with host plants. Specifically, some beneficial bacteria, collectively referred to as Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPRs), increase plant biomass and innate immunity potential. Here, we report that Enterobacter sp. EJ01, a bacterium isolated from sea china pink (Dianthus japonicus thunb) in reclaimed land of Gyehwa-do in Korea, improved the vegetative growth and alleviated salt stress in tomato and Arabidopsis. EJ01 was capable of producing 1-aminocy-clopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase and also exhibited indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production. The isolate EJ01 conferred increases in fresh weight, dry weight, and plant height of tomato and Arabidopsis under both normal and high salinity conditions. At the molecular level, short-term treatment with EJ01 increased the expression of salt stress responsive genes such as DREB2b, RD29A, RD29B, and RAB18 in Arabidopsis. The expression of proline biosynthetic genes (i.e. P5CS1 and P5CS2) and of genes related to priming processes (i.e. MPK3 and MPK6) were also up-regulated. In addition, reactive oxygen species scavenging activities were enhanced in tomatoes treated with EJ01 in stressed conditions. GFP-tagged EJ01 displayed colonization in the rhizosphere and endosphere in the roots of Arabidopsis. In conclusion, the newly isolated Enterobacter sp. EJ01 is a likely PGPR and alleviates salt stress in host plants through multiple mechanisms, including the rapid up-regulation of conserved plant salt stress responsive signaling pathways.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences.
authors.forename: Kangmin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ye-Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Sang-Myeong
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Byung-Taek
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Jong-Chan
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.forename: Kui-Jae
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000382:microbiology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D029749:Dianthus / Q000382:microbiology*; D004754:Enterobacter / Q000145:classification / Q000201:enzymology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000382:microbiology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D058441:Rhizosphere; D054712:Salinity; D055049:Salt Tolerance; D012639:Seeds / Q000382:microbiology; D013312:Stress, Physiological
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C030737:indoleacetic acid