title: Non-linear effects of soda taxes on consumption and weight outcomes.
abstract: The potential health impacts of imposing large taxes on soda to improve population health have been of interest for over a decade. As estimates of the effects of existing soda taxes with low rates suggest little health improvements, recent proposals suggest that large taxes may be effective in reducing weight because of non-linear consumption responses or threshold effects. This paper tests this hypothesis in two ways. First, we estimate non-linear effects of taxes using the range of current rates. Second, we leverage the sudden, relatively large soda tax increase in two states during the early 1990s combined with new synthetic control methods useful for comparative case studies. Our findings suggest virtually no evidence of non-linear or threshold effects.
authors.affiliation: La Follette School of Public Affairs, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Jason M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Fletcher
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Frisvold
authors.forename: Nathan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tefft
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D040343:Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; D001835:Body Weight; D001837:Body Weights and Measures; D002253:Carbonated Beverages / Q000191:economics*; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017059:Models, Econometric; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology; D012737:Sex Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013660:Taxes / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: obesity; soda taxation