title: Pulmonary function in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and allergic rhinitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A close relationship between upper and lower respiratory tract diseases has been reported. However, little is known about pulmonary function in patients with upper respiratory tract diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pulmonary function was measured in: 68 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps, 135 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, 89 patients with allergic rhinitis and 100 normal control subjects. The relationships between pulmonary function and clinical parameters were assessed. These parameters included radiographic severity of chronic rhinosinusitis, serum total immunoglobulin E levels, concentrations of cytokines in nasal secretions and exhaled nitric oxide levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pulmonary function of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis was significantly affected. The level of interleukin-5 in nasal secretions was significantly correlated with pulmonary function in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings indicated latent obstructive lung function changes in chronic rhinosinusitis patients. The cytokines in nasal secretions might be related to obstructive lung function changes in chronic rhinosinusitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kariya
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okano
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oto
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Higaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Makihara
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Haruna
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishizaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000276:immunology; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D065631:Rhinitis, Allergic / Q000503:physiopathology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013147:Spirometry; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D015848:Interleukin-5; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D007073:Immunoglobulin E