title: Unexpected improvements of spatial learning and memory abilities in chronic rotenone intoxicated mice.
abstract: The liposoluble insecticide rotenone is commonly used as a mitochondrial complex I inhibitor to replicate Parkinson's disease (PD) pathological features. However, there was no assessment of the spatial learning and memory abilities in chronic rotenone-induced PD models. In the present study, by rotarod test and Thioflavine T staining, we first noted the impairment of motor coordination in rotenone-treated group for 3 months, as well as alpha-synuclein inclusions in the nigral dopaminergic neurons in C57BL/6 mice with intragastrical delivery of rotenone (5 mg/Kg) for 3 months rather than 1 month. We then evaluated spatial learning and memory abilities by Morris water maze task in this model. The results showed escape latency reduced in rotenone-intoxicated mice for 3 months, indicating an improvement of learning ability. However, it was delayed slightly but not significantly in rotenone-intoxicated mice for 1 month. Similarly, we demonstrated that spatial memory ability was enhanced in 3-month-treatment group, but impaired in 1-month-treatment group. There were no proliferating cell nuclear antigen and doublecortin positive cells in the hippocampus by double immunofluorescent staining, indicating the absence of hippocampal neurogenesis in rotenone-intoxicated mice. These results suggest that spatial learning and memory abilities are disturbed in chronic rotenone-intoxicated PD model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
authors.forename: Fengju
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
authors.forename: Chenyang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
authors.forename: Junxia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D032761:Animal Experimentation; D000818:Animals; D007306:Insecticides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D055495:Neurogenesis; D065842:Pars Compacta / Q000378:metabolism; D066263:Protein Aggregation, Pathological; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D012402:Rotenone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D065853:Spatial Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D051844:alpha-Synuclein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D051844:alpha-Synuclein; D012402:Rotenone