title: Extragenital gonorrhea and chlamydia testing and infection among men who have sex with men--STD Surveillance Network, United States, 2010-2012.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gonorrhea (GC) and chlamydia (CT) are the most commonly reported notifiable diseases in the United States. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that men who have sex with men (MSM) be screened for urogenital GC/CT, rectal GC/CT, and pharyngeal GC. We describe extragenital GC/CT testing and infections among MSM attending sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics.
  
  
  METHODS
  The STD Surveillance Network collects patient data from 42 STD clinics. We assessed the proportion of MSM attending these clinics during July 2011-June 2012 who were tested and positive for extragenital GC/CT at their most recent visit or in the preceding 12 months and the number of extragenital infections that would have remained undetected with urethral screening alone.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 21 994 MSM, 83.9% were tested for urogenital GC, 65.9% for pharyngeal GC, 50.4% for rectal GC, 81.4% for urogenital CT, 31.7% for pharyngeal CT, and 45.9% for rectal CT. Of MSM tested, 11.1% tested positive for urogenital GC, 7.9% for pharyngeal GC, 10.2% for rectal GC, 8.4% for urogenital CT, 2.9% for pharyngeal CT, and 14.1% for rectal CT. More than 70% of extragenital GC infections and 85% of extragenital CT infections were associated with negative urethral tests at the same visit and would not have been detected with urethral screening alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Extragenital GC/CT was common among MSM attending STD clinics, but many MSM were not tested. Most extragenital infections would not have been identified, and likely would have remained untreated, with urethral screening alone. Efforts are needed to facilitate implementation of extragenital GC/CT screening recommendations for MSM.
authors.affiliation: Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention.
authors.forename: Monica E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Patton
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kidd
authors.forename: Eloisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Llata
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stenger
authors.forename: Jim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Braxton
authors.forename: Lenore
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Asbel
authors.forename: Kyle
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bernstein
authors.forename: Beau
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gratzer
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jespersen
authors.forename: Roxanne
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kerani
authors.forename: Christie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mettenbrink
authors.forename: Mukhtar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mohamed
authors.forename: Preeti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pathela
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schumacher
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stirland
authors.forename: Jeff
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stover
authors.forename: Irina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tabidze
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Kirkcaldy
authors.forename: Hillard
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Weinstock
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D062665:Epidemiological Monitoring; D005837:Genitalia, Male / Q000382:microbiology; D006069:Gonorrhea / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018451:Homosexuality, Male; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010614:Pharynx / Q000382:microbiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012007:Rectum / Q000382:microbiology; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: STD; extragenital chlamydia; extragenital gonorrhea; men who have sex with men (MSM)