title: Ovarian morphology assessed by magnetic resonance imaging in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome and associations with antimüllerian hormone, free testosterone, and glucose disposal rate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize ovarian morphology and perfusion by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to investigate associations with antimüllerian hormone (AMH), free T, and glucose disposal rate (GDR).
  
  
  METHODS
  Explorative cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-eight women with PCOS and 31 controls from the general population.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  METHODS
  Antral follicle count (AFC), ovarian/stromal volume, perfusion, AMH, free T, and GDR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Antral follicles of 1-3 and 4-6 mm, but not 7-9 mm, were more numerous, and total AFC (1-9 mm) was higher in women with PCOS. Ovarian volume was larger in women with PCOS. AMH and free T were higher and GDR was lower in women with PCOS. All values were more deranged in classic compared with nonclassic PCOS. There was a positive correlation between AMH and AFC, 1-3 mm (r = 0.81), and between AMH and total AFC (r = 0.87). In receiver operating characteristic analyses, the area under the curve was 0.89 for total AFC, 0.86 for AMH, and 0.90 for free T. PCOS was independently associated with AFC and free T but not with AMH or GDR when adjusted for age and body mass index.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Counting antral follicles down to 1 mm in size by MRI yielded higher AFCs than previously reported. AFC, AMH, and free T discriminated with high accuracy between women with PCOS and controls, but AMH was not independently associated with PCOS.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  NCT00484705.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Leonhardt
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Mikael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hellström
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Berit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gull
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anna-Karin
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Lind
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Per Olof
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Janson
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: elisabet.stener-victorin@neuro.gu.se.
authors.forename: Elisabet
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stener-Victorin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D055420:Perfusion Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012372:ROC Curve; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood*; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D013739:Testosterone; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone
keywords: AMH; PCOS; antral follicle count; magnetic resonance imaging; testosterone