title: Mitral balloon valvuloplasty during pregnancy:The long term up to 17 years obstetric outcome and childhood development.
abstract: Background & Objectives : We report 17 years outcome of subsequent pregnancies of women with severe Mitral Stenosis (MS) who underwent Mitral Balloon Valvuloplasty (MBV) during pregnancy and the follow up of the children born of such pregnancies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty three pregnant patients suffering from severe MS (NYHA-New York Heart Association class III/IV) who underwent MBV by Inoue balloon catheter technique during second trimester were enrolled. The study was performed between January 1992 and December 2008 at King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, during which time, details about the obstetric outcome and childhood development were recorded. Mean follow up period was 10± 5.5 years (range 1-17 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  MBV was successful in all patients with improvement in their NYHA class to I/II. All patients were followed until term and had uneventful course after MBV. Twenty two (95.6%) patients delivered 23 babies including a twin birth. These children exhibited normal growth and development according to their age. Nineteen patients had further pregnancies and gave birth to 38 live & healthy babies with one still birth and no unfavorable maternal outcome. Of these, 97.4% were singleton pregnancies while 2.6% were twin pregnancies. Spontaneous abortions were recorded in 21.5% and there was one still birth (2.5%) and one ectopic pregnancy (2.5%). Conclusion : Mitral Balloon Valvuloplasty is a safe and useful procedure during pregnancy, with no short or long term adverse affects on the mothers and their obstetric future. The children born of subsequent pregnancies exhibited normal physical and mental development.
authors.affiliation: Gulraze A, MRCOG, Perinatology Section, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Gulraze
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: A
authors.affiliation: Kurdi W, MD, Perinatology Section, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Kurdi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: W
authors.affiliation: Niaz FA, MRCP, Department of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Niaz
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fa
authors.affiliation: Fawzy ME, FRCP, Formerly Cardiologist, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Fawzy
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Me
keywords: Childhood development; Maternal and fetal outcome; Mitral Balloon Valvuloplasty; Pregnancy