title: Influence of sun exposure on the cutaneous collagen/elastin fibers and carotenoids: negative effects can be reduced by application of sunscreen.
abstract: Resonance Raman spectroscopy and multi-photon tomography were used in vivo to analyse the influence of sun exposure on the cutaneous carotenoids and collagen/elastin fibers. Comparing Berlin (low sun exposure) and Monegasque (high sun exposure) volunteers, it could be demonstrated that extended sun exposure significantly reduces the cutaneous carotenoids and collagen/elastin concentration (p < 0.05). The tendency towards correlation (R(2) = 0.41) between the dermal collagen/elastin (SAAID) and carotenoids confirms the important role of antioxidants in the protection against sun-induced negative effects. The application of sunscreen was shown to be effective, protecting cutaneous carotenoids and collagen/elastin from being damaged subsequent to sun exposure.
authors.affiliation: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology CCP, Berlin, Germany. maxim.darvin@charite.de.
authors.forename: Maxim E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Darvin
authors.forename: Heike
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Richter
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahlberg
authors.forename: Stefan F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Haag
authors.forename: Martina C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Meinke
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Le Quintrec
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Doucet
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lademann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000378:metabolism*; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism*; D004549:Elastin / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D013472:Sunlight / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D013473:Sunscreening Agents; D002338:Carotenoids; D003094:Collagen; D004549:Elastin
keywords: SAAID; antioxidants; free radicals; in vivo; skin physiology; sun irradiation; sun protection