title: Comparison of the biological activity of two different isolates from mangosteen.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Mangosteen has been used in traditional medicine for treatment of many diseases. Recent studies have reported the active constituents isolated from this plant. In this study, purified α-mangostin, a major component and partially purified water-soluble fraction found in fruit pericarps, was carefully isolated, and their biological activity was compared, i.e. antioxidative activity and cytotoxic effect in breast cancer cells: SKBR3.
  
  
  METHODS
  Antioxidative activity was determined using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals (DPPH) assay and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, whereas the cytotoxic effect was evaluated by the MTT assay and morphological changes by fluorescence staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The DPPH scavenging capacities of α-mangostin and water-soluble extract were obtained, the IC50 at 183.95 and 54.57 μg/ml, respectively. Meanwhile, the intracellular ROS level was significantly decreased after treatment with α-mangostin and water-soluble extraction at 20 and 200 μg/ml, respectively. α-mangostin exhibited the cytotoxicity at ED50 8.21 μg/ml, while the water-soluble extract was non-toxic to cells at ED50 higher than 160 μg/ml. Both constituents showed antioxidative activity by chemical assay and in cells, but α-mangostin expressed strong cytotoxicity and showed apoptotic bodies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The different isolated constituents would be further studied for future possible use as chemotherapy in cancer and chemoprevention in Alzheimer's disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Primchanien
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Moongkarndi
authors.forename: Nattapon
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jaisupa
authors.forename: Jutima
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Samer
authors.forename: Nuttavut
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kosem
authors.forename: Julaporn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Konlata
authors.forename: Ekkarat
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rodpai
authors.forename: Narongchai
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pongpan
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D029762:Garcinia mangostana / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D044004:Xanthones / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D044004:Xanthones; C021053:mangostin
keywords: DPPH assay; Garcinia mangostana L.; MTT assay; mangosteen; reactive oxygen species assay