title: Psychometric properties and population-based score distributions of the Japanese Sleep Questionnaire for Preschoolers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to present psychometric properties and describe the score distributions of the Japanese Sleep Questionnaire for Preschoolers (JSQ-P), a guardian-reported survey questionnaire for assessing sleep disturbances and problematic sleep habits among preschool children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Guardians of 2998 toddlers in three communities and guardians of 102 patients diagnosed with sleep disorders in two clinics completed the JSQ-P.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) revealed the 10 domains of the JSQ-P to be similar to our previous small-scale study and confirmed the robustness of the JSQ-P. The JSQ-P showed acceptable internal consistency; α coefficients ranged from 0.622 (insufficient sleep) to 0.912 (restless legs syndrome [RLS], motor) for the community sample and 0.696 (insufficient sleep) to 0.959 (RLS, motor) for the clinical sample. The score differentiations between the community and clinical samples associated with RLS, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), morning symptoms, parasomnias, excessive daytime sleepiness, and daytime behaviors were demonstrated in our study. The distributions of percentile T scores for each subscale and age and gender differentiation of scores also were evaluated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We confirmed that the JSQ-P is a valid and reliable instrument to evaluate Japanese sleep habits using a large population-based sample. The JSQ-P may be useful in both clinical and academic settings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. Electronic address: shimizu@sahs.med.osaka-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Sachiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Children's Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
authors.forename: Kumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kato-Nishimura
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Children's Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan; Department of Child Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
authors.forename: Ikuko
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mohri
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
authors.forename: Kuriko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kagitani-Shimono
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tachibana
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Children's Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan; Department of Child Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
authors.forename: Masako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taniike
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012307:Risk Factors; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Japanese Sleep Questionnaire for Preschoolers; Preschool children; Psychometric property; Score distribution; Screening instrument; Sleep behavior; Sleep disturbance