title: Chemical compositions and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of Hornstedtia havilandii (Zingiberaceae).
abstract: The chemical compositions and antimicrobial activity of the fresh rhizome and flower oils of Hornstedtia havilandii were studied. The components present were analyzed using GC and GC-MS. A total of forty-eight constituents were successfully identified from the flower and rhizome oils, representing 93.4% and 89.6%, respectively. The most abundant components of the flower oil were beta-pinene, (19.5%), beta-elemene, (10.0%), beta-cubebene, (6.2%), alpha-pinene, (5.6%), gamma-cadinene, (4.3%) and germacrene D, (3.3%), while alpha-copaene, (10.2%), beta-selinene, (8.4%), beta-elemene, (7.0%), gamma-cadinene, (6.9%), beta-cubebene, (5.3%) and germacrene D, (5.3%) were found as the main components of the rhizome oil. The essential oils were tested for antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and yeasts. Both oils showed activity against the Gram-positive bacterium, Staphylococcus aureus, with moderate MIC values of 112.5 micro/mL, however, for Gram-negative bacteria, the flower oil showed weak antimicrobial activity with a MIC value of 225 microg/mL. Only very weak activity was shown against the yeasts Candida albicans and C. glabrata, with MIC values of 900-1800 microg/mL.
authors.forename: Siti Ernieyanti
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Hashim
authors.forename: Hasnah Mohd
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Sirat
authors.forename: Khong Heng
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Yen
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000032:analysis*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry*; D030521:Zingiberaceae / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D009822:Oils, Volatile