title: Total Phospholipids in Edible Oils by In-Vial Solvent Extraction Coupled with FTIR Analysis.
abstract: A simple procedure for the determination of total phospholipids (TPL) in edible oils was developed by combining a single-step, in situ methanol/acetonitrile (MeOH/ACN) extraction of the oil sample followed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis of the extract. Spectral analysis of extracts in a 25 μm CaF2cell obtained using 1:1 MeOH/ACN added to oil in a 2:1 ratio indicated that measurements made using only the asymmetric phosphate diester PO2-stretching band at 1243 cm-1in second-derivative spectra were sufficient for the accurate measurement of TPL with minimal coextracted triglyceride interferences being encountered. FTIR calibration spectra were devised using only phosphatidylcholine (PC) as a representative phospholipid standard, covering a range of 0-50000 μg/g TPL and spiked into 1:1 MeOH/ACN, capable of tracking the added PC with an SD of <200 μg/g. The FTIR method was initially validated using model PC-spiked degummed canola oil and subsequently with commercial crude and refined soy and rapeseed oils as well as a lecithin tablet with the FTIR TPL predictions compared to those of the AOCS Ca 12-55 molybdenate method. The FTIR method tracked the AOCS results well, being somewhat more reproducible than the reference method (±3.2 vs ±4.9%), which limited its accuracy relative to the AOCS reference procedure (±2.2%). The simple in-vial solvent extraction procedure, followed by FTIR analysis of the extract, is a simple, efficient, and rapid procedure that is also amenable to automation using an autosampler-equipped FTIR if multiple samples are to be analyzed.
authors.affiliation: College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310014, China.
authors.forename: Xianghe
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310014, China.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083, China.
authors.forename: Qiuyue
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310014, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310014, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, The Biorefinery Research and Engineering Center of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: McGill IR Group, Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Macdonald Campus of McGill University , Montreal H3A 0G4, Canada.
authors.forename: Fred R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: van de Voort
keywords: AOCS Ca 12-55; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR); phospholipid analysis; solvent extraction