title: Analysis of risk factors for pancreatic duct stones formation in patients with alcoholic chronic pancreatitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Alcoholic chronic pancreatitis (ACP) is the dominant cause of chronic pancreatitis (CP). As a main complication of CP, the formation of pancreatic duct stones (PDS) compromises pancreatic function and symptomatic patients are often subjected to aggressive treatments. The present study aimed to identify PDS risk factors in patients with ACP.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis of 93 ACP patients was performed; patients were divided into two groups: ACP with PDS (n = 48) and ACP without PDS (n = 45). Fourteen potential factors were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses to identify independent risk factors of PDS formation in ACP patients. A comparison of demographic and clinical characteristics between ACP patients with PDS and non-ACP patients with PDS (n = 43) was also carried out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ACP accounted for 47.7% (93/195) of CP in this cohort. Among ACP patients, the morbidity of PDS was 51.6% (48/93). Significant risk factors of PDS formation for ACP patients included duration of drinking ≥24.7 years (OR, 9.036; 95% CI, 2.737-29.837; p < 0.001); daily alcohol consumption ≥147.0 g (OR, 3.147; 95% CI, 1.040-9.522; p = 0.042); and MPD narrowing (OR, 7.245; 95% CI, 2.205-23.811; p = 0.001). Shorter periods between diagnosis and PDS formation (PDP) were observed in ACP patients than non-ACP patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Alcohol consumption accelerates the progression of PDS formation in patients with CP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China. Electronic address: guoweizhang77@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Guo-wei
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China. Electronic address: jianhualin66@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jian-hua
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China. Electronic address: qjp1982@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jian-ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China. Electronic address: zhoujie01@medmail.com.cn.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010179:Pancreas / Q000473:pathology; D010183:Pancreatic Ducts / Q000473:pathology*; D019512:Pancreatitis, Alcoholic / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D012372:ROC Curve; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
keywords: Alcohol; Chronic pancreatitis; Pancreatic duct stones; Risk factors