title: Cerium oxide nanoparticles prevent apoptosis in primary cortical culture by stabilizing mitochondrial membrane potential.
abstract: Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) of spherical shape have unique antioxidant capacity primarily due to alternating + 3 and + 4 oxidation states and crystal defects. Several studies revealed the protective efficacies of CNPs in cells and tissues against the oxidative damage. However, its effect on mitochondrial functioning, downstream effectors of radical burst and apoptosis remains unknown. In this study, we investigated whether CNPs treatment could protect the primary cortical cells from loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) and Δψm-dependent cell death. CNPs with spherical morphology and size range 7-10 nm were synthesized and utilized at a concentration of 25 nM on primary neuronal culture challenged with 50 μM of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). We showed that optimal dose of CNPs minimized ROS content of the cells and also curbed related surge in cellular calcium flux. Importantly, CNPs treatment prevented apoptotic loss of cell viability. Reduction in the apoptosis could be successfully attributed to the maintenance of Δψm and restoration of major redox equivalents NADH/NAD(+) ratio and cellular ATP. These findings, therefore, suggest possible route of CNPs protective efficacies in primary cortical culture.
authors.affiliation: Peptide and Proteomics Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization , Timarpur, Delhi , India.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arya
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Sethy
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ujjain
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bhargava
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002563:Cerium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004285:Dogs; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D002563:Cerium; C030583:ceric oxide; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide
keywords: antioxidants; cerium oxide nanoparticles; mitochondrial membrane potential; oxidative stress