title: Hepatitis B, C virus co-infection and behavioral risks in HIV-positive patients in southern Iran.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the risk factors and frequency of hepatitis B and C virus co-infections in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Control of Diseases Centre of Kerman Medical University, southern Iran, between May and December 2011. Demographic features and history of high-risk behaviours were evaluated in 165 patients positive for human immunodeficiency virus. Third-generation hepatitis C virus antibody and hepatitis B surface antigen tests were performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. SPSS 18 was used for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of the 165 patients, 136 (82.4%) were male and 29 (17.6%) were female. The mean age of the subjects was 40.4 +/- 9 years. Positive hepatitis C antibody was found in 122 (73.9%) and positive hepatitis B surface antigen was present in 6 (3.6%). Frequency of all three viruses co-infection was 3 (1.8%). History of imprisonment (OR = 17.5; 95% CI: 7.1-43.1) and drug injection addiction (OR = 15.3; 95% CI: 6.4-36.1) were the most significant risk factors involved in hepatitis C virus co-infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection was high and it was strongly related to history of imprisonment and drug injection addiction.
authors.forename: Mohammad Javad
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Zahedi
authors.forename: Sodaif Darvish
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Moghaddam
authors.forename: Mehdi Hayatbakhsh
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Abasi
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Parnian
authors.forename: Mostafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shokoohi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D060085:Coinfection; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000276:immunology*; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000032:analysis; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000276:immunology*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D018937:Hepatitis C Antibodies / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D018937:Hepatitis C Antibodies