title: Relapsed herpes simplex virus encephalitis after epilepsy surgery.
abstract: Relapsed herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis after neurosurgery is a very rare condition. An 11-year-old boy suffered from relapsed HSV encephalitis five days after neurosurgery to remove the epileptogenic focus six years after prior HSV encephalitis. He was diagnosed with HSV encephalitis reactivation after positive HSV polymerase chain reaction results following a lumbar puncture, and this diagnosis was supported by consistent radiologic and histopathologic findings. Moreover, focal cortical dysplasia coexisted with inflammatory changes resulting from a viral infection based upon the removed brain tissue. This case may support the hypothesis that neurosurgery may be a triggering factor of HSV reactivation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Myongji Hospital, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Goyang;
authors.forename: Shin Hye
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea;
authors.forename: Seung Goo
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Severance Hospital,Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea;
authors.forename: Se Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea;
authors.forename: Dong Seok
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Neurology, Pediatric Epilepsy Clinics, Severance Children's Hospital, Epilepsy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Heung Dong
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Encephalitis; Herpes simplex virus; Neurosurgery