title: Plasma S100A12 is associated with functional outcome after ischemic stroke: Research for Biomarkers in Ischemic Stroke.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ischemic stroke is accompanied by an inflammatory response, which exacerbates brain injury and deteriorates functional outcome. S100A12 is expressed abundantly in granulocytes, and has been implicated to play an important role on inflammatory reactions in various disease states. We aimed to determine the association between plasma S100A12 levels and a functional outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  We prospectively included 171 patients with acute ischemic stroke within 24h after onset in this study. Plasma samples were collected for the measurement of S100A12 levels. Poor functional outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale of 2-6 at day 90 after stroke onset.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 171 patients, 74 (43.3%) had a poor functional outcome at day 90 after stroke onset. Plasma S100A12 levels on admission were significantly higher in patients with a poor functional outcome (2.1 [1.2-5.1] ng/mL, median [interquartile]) than in those with a favorable outcome (1.1 [0.5-2.0] ng/mL; p<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that the highest quartile of plasma S100A12 levels on admission showed a significantly higher risk for a poor functional outcome (odds ratio, 4.01; 95% confidence interval, 1.09-16.10; p=0.03) than the lowest quartile.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High plasma S100A12 levels on admission are associated with a poor functional outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. Electronic address: w-yoshi@intmed2.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshinobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wakisaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ago
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Care Administration and Management, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kamouchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Jyunya
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gotoh
authors.affiliation: Molecuence Corporation, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Isomura
authors.affiliation: Molecuence Corporation, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Awano
authors.affiliation: Molecuence Corporation, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Institute of Neuroscience, St Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine and Neurology, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kiyohara
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuoka Dental College Medical and Dental Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ooboshi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Takanari
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kitazono
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D000067616:S100A12 Protein; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020521:Stroke / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009418:S100 Proteins; D000067616:S100A12 Protein; C090441:S100A12 protein, human
keywords: Biomarker; Functional outcome; Inflammation; Ischemic stroke; S100A12