title: Driving indicators in teens with attention deficit hyperactivity and/or autism spectrum disorder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Motor vehicle crashes are leading causes of death among teens. Those teens with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), or a dual diagnosis of ADHD/ASD have defining characteristics placing them at a greater risk for crashes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the between-group demographic, clinical, and simulated driving differences in teens, representing three diagnostic groups, compared to healthy controls (HCs).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective observational study, we used a convenience sample of teens recruited from a variety of community settings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to the 22 HCs (mean age = 14.32, SD = +/-.72), teen drivers representing the diagnostic groups (ADHD/ASD, n = 6, mean age = 15.00, SD = +/-.63; ADHD, n = 9, mean age = 15.00, SD = +/- 1.00; ASD, n = 7, mean age = 15.14, SD = +/-. 1.22) performed poorer on visual function, visual-motor integration, cognition, and motor performance and made more errors on the driving simulator.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Teens from diagnostic groups have more deficits driving on a driving simulator and may require a comprehensive driving evaluation.
authors.forename: Sherrilene
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Classen
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Monahan
authors.forename: Kiah E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hernandez
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001288:Attention; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001334:Automobile Driving; D002659:Child Development Disorders, Pervasive / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003071:Cognition; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D012307:Risk Factors; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D014785:Vision, Ocular