title: Comparison of preincisional infiltrated levobupivacaine and ropivacaine for acute postoperative pain relief after septorhinoplasty.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To maintain a high standard of patient care, it is essential to provide adequate pain management in patients who undergo nasal surgery. Levobupivacaine and ropivacaine are relatively new long-acting local anesthetics.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare the analgesic effect and blood loss of preincisional levobupivacaine HCl 0.25% and ropivacaine HCl 0.375% in patients undergoing septorhinoplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I and II patients (18-55 years old) who were scheduled for elective open technique septorhinoplasty under general anesthesia were recruited for this study. The anesthetic technique was standardized for both groups. Preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin levels were recorded for all patients. Patients were assigned randomly to 1 of 2 study groups, and preincisional surgical field infiltration with 5 mL of 0.5% levobupivacaine plus 5 mL of 0.9% saline (group L; n = 30) or 5 mL of 0.75% ropivacaine plus 5 mL of 0.9% saline (group R; n = 30) was performed by the same surgeon. The degree of pain was measured by visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and recorded at multiple time points in all patients after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The analgesic effect at 2 hours in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) and at 24 hours postoperatively did not differ significantly between the 2 local anesthetics (P > 0.05). Pain scores of patients decreased after the 24 hours in levobupivacaine group and ropivacaine group when compared with 0-minute VAS values, and this was statistically significant (P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed between groups with respect to the preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin (P = 0.767 and 0.824, respectively) values.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Local tissue infiltration with 0.25% levobupivacaine or 0.375% ropivacaine is similarly effective in reducing the postoperative pain associated with septorhinoplasty.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, Erciyes University, Gevher Nesibe Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cihangir
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bicer
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Erciyes University, Gevher Nesibe Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Teoman
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eskıtascıoglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, Erciyes University, Gevher Nesibe Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Recep
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aksu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, Erciyes University, Gevher Nesibe Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ayse
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ulgey
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, Erciyes University, Gevher Nesibe Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey ; Department of Biochemistry, Erciyes University, Gevher Nesibe Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Karamehmet
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yildiz
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, Erciyes University, Gevher Nesibe Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Halit
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Madenoglu
keywords: levobupivacaine; pain control; preincisional infiltration; ropivacaine; septorhinoplasty