title: Effect of salicylic acid on the activity of PAL and PHB geranyltransferase and shikonin derivatives production in cell suspension cultures of Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Johnst--a medicinally important plant species.
abstract: Cell suspension cultures of Arnebia euchroma were established from the friable callus on liquid Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (10.0 μM) and indole-3-butyric acid (5.0 μM). Salicylic acid was used to study its effect on the enzymes which participate in shikonin biosynthesis with respect to metabolite (shikonin) content in the cell suspension culture of A. euchroma. In our study, phenylalanine ammonia lyase and PHB geranyltransferase were selected from the entire biosynthetic pathway. Results showed that phenylalanine ammonia lyase is responsible for growth and PHB geranyltransferase for metabolite production. Salicylic acid exhibited an inverse relationship with the metabolite content (shikonin); salicylic acid (100 μM) completely inhibited shikonin biosynthesis. The results presented in the current study can be successfully employed for the metabolic engineering of its biosynthetic pathway for the enhancement of shikonin, which will not only help in meeting its industrial demand but also lead to the conservation of species in its natural habitat.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biotechnology, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Post Box No. 6, Palampur, 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India, pwn.verma2008@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Pawan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Mahak
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saini
authors.forename: Shashi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhushan
authors.forename: Ashish R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Warghat
authors.forename: Tarun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pal
authors.forename: Nikhil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Malhotra
authors.forename: Archit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sood
mesh_terms: D053898:Biosynthetic Pathways; D028082:Boraginaceae / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D003470:Culture Media / Q000378:metabolism; D051228:Geranyltranstransferase / Q000378:metabolism*; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000378:metabolism*; D009285:Naphthoquinones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D010650:Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D009285:Naphthoquinones; D010940:Plant Proteins; C016101:shikonin; D051228:Geranyltranstransferase; D010650:Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase; D020156:Salicylic Acid