title: Individually differentiated serotonergic raphe nuclei measured with brain PET/MR imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure the activity of individual raphe nuclei with fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and carbon 11 ((11)C) 3-amino-4-(2-dimethylaminomethylphenylthio) benzonitrile (DASB) imaging using a brain positron emission tomography(PET)/magnetic resonance (MR) imaging fusion system.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Gil Medical Center, and all volunteers provided written informed consent. FDG PET, (11)C-DASB PET, and T2*-weighted MR images from seven healthy volunteers were acquired by using a PET/MR imaging fusion system. The standard uptake value ratio (SUVR) of FDG (FDG-SUVR) and nondisplaceable binding potential (BPnd) of (11)C-DASB (DASB-BPnd) were determined for each raphe nucleus. A Pearson correlation analysis was performed to show the correlation between FDG-SUVR and DASB-BPnd for the raphe nuclei.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Each raphe nucleus could be distinguished in both FDG (identifiability ratio, 0.86; κ = 0.77) and (11)C-DASB (identifiability ratio, 0.89; κ = 0.72) images. The mean values of DASB-BPnd for each raphe nucleus from dorsal to caudal direction were 6.08 (raphe nucleus 1), 5.93 (raphe nucleus 2), 3.86 (raphe nucleus 3), 3.18 (raphe nucleus 4), and 2.74 (raphe nucleus 5); the mean FDG-SUVR values were 1.00 (raphe nucleus 1), 1.00 (raphe nucleus 2), 0.87 (raphe nucleus 3), 0.94 (raphe nucleus 4), and 0.90 (raphe nucleus 5). FDG-SUVR and DASB-BPnd for the raphe nuclei were significantly correlated (r = 0.506, P = .002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serotonergic activity, both glucose metabolism and transporter binding potential of raphe nuclei, were measured with a brain-dedicated PET/MR imaging system and showed a significant correlation.
authors.affiliation: From the Neuroscience Research Institute (Y.D.S., Z.H.C., E.J.C., Jeong-Hee Kim, H.K.K., S.Y.L., C.W.P., Y.B.K.) and Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center (Jong-Hoon Kim), Gachon University, 1198 Kuwol-Dong, Namdong-Gu, Incheon 405-760, South Korea; and Department of Pathology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea (J.G.C.).
authors.forename: Young-Don
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: Zang-Hee
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Eun-Jung
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Jeong-Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hang-Keun
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sang-Yoon
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Je-Geun
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.forename: Chan-Woong
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jong-Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Young-Bo
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001596:Benzylamines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D064847:Multimodal Imaging; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011903:Raphe Nuclei / Q000033:anatomy & histology*
chemical_list: D001596:Benzylamines; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; C420885:N,N-dimethyl-2-(2-amino-4-cyanophenylthio)benzylamine; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18