title: Need for supplemental oxygen at discharge in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia is not associated with worse neurodevelopmental outcomes at 3 years corrected age.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if chronic oxygen dependency (discharge home on supplemental oxygen) in children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD; defined as requirement for supplemental O2 at 36 weeks postmenstrual age) predicts neurodevelopmental disability rates and growth outcomes at 36 months corrected age (CA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Longitudinal cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Southern Alberta regional center located at high altitude.
  
  
  METHODS
  Preterm infants weighing ≤1250 grams with no BPD, BPD, and BPD with chronic oxygen dependency.
  
  
  METHODS
  Neurodevelopmental and growth outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 1563 preterm infants admitted from 1995-2007, 1212 survived. Complete follow-up data were available for 1030 (85%) children. Children in BPD and BPD with chronic oxygen dependency groups had significantly lower birth weights, gestational ages, prolonged mechanical ventilation and oxygen supplementation and received more postnatal steroids, compared to those without BPD. Children with BPD and BPD with chronic oxygen dependency were more likely to be below the 5th centile in weight and height compared to those without BPD but there was little difference between the BPD and BPD with chronic oxygen dependency groups. After controlling for confounding variables, children who had BPD and BPD with chronic oxygen dependency had higher odds of neurodevelopmental disability compared to those without BPD [OR (odds ratio) 1.9 (95%CI 1.1 to 3.5) and OR 1.8 (1.1 to 2.9), respectively], with no significant difference between BPD and BPD with chronic oxygen dependency [OR 0.9 (95% CI 0.6 to 1.5)].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BPD and BPD with chronic oxygen dependency in children predicts abnormal neurodevelopmental outcomes at 36 months CA. However, the neurodevelopmental disability rates were not significantly higher in BPD with chronic oxygen dependency children compared to children with BPD only. Compared to those without BPD, growth is impaired in children with BPD and BPD with chronic oxygen dependency, but no difference between the latter two groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Foothills Medical Centre, Peter Lougheed Centre, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Canada; Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Institute of Child & Maternal Health, Calgary, Canada.
authors.forename: Abhay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lodha
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Foothills Medical Centre, Peter Lougheed Centre, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Canada; Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Institute of Child & Maternal Health, Calgary, Canada.
authors.forename: Reg
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sauvé
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.
authors.forename: Vineet
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bhandari
authors.affiliation: Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada.
authors.forename: Selphee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada.
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Christianson
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, Connecticut, United States of America.
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhandari
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Foothills Medical Centre, Peter Lougheed Centre, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Canada; Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada.
authors.forename: Harish
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Amin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Foothills Medical Centre, Peter Lougheed Centre, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Canada; Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Institute of Child & Maternal Health, Calgary, Canada.
authors.forename: Nalini
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Singhal
mesh_terms: D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010351:Patient Discharge; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen