title: Protective effect of dietary flaxseed oil on arsenic-induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative damage in rat kidney.
abstract: Arsenic, a naturally occurring metalloid, is capable of causing acute renal failure as well as chronic renal insufficiency. Arsenic is known to exert its toxicity through oxidative stress by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). Flaxseed, richest plant based dietary source of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and lignans have shown numerous health benefits. Present study investigates the protective effect of flaxseed oil (FXO) on sodium arsenate (NaAs) induced renal damage. Rats prefed with experimental diets (Normal/FXO diet) for 14days, were administered NaAs (20mg/kg body weight i.p.) once daily for 4days while still on the experimental diets. NaAs nephrotoxicity was characterized by increased serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. Administration of NaAs led to a significant decline in the specific activities of brush border membrane (BBM) enzymes both in kidney tissue homogenates and in the isolated membrane vesicles. Lipid peroxidation and total sulfhydryl groups were altered upon NaAs treatment, indicating the generation of oxidative stress. NaAs also decreased the activities of metabolic enzymes and antioxidant defence system. Histopathological studies supported the biochemical findings showing extensive damage to the kidney by NaAs. In contrast, dietary supplementation of FXO prior to and alongwith NaAs treatment significantly attenuated the NaAs-induced changes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, U.P., India.
authors.forename: Sana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rizwan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, U.P., India.
authors.forename: Ashreeb
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Naqshbandi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, U.P., India.
authors.forename: Zeba
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Farooqui
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, U.P., India.
authors.forename: Aijaz Ahmed
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, U.P., India. Electronic address: drfarahkhan23@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Farah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001149:Arsenates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008043:Linseed Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008871:Microvilli / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001149:Arsenates; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; C009277:sodium arsenate; D008043:Linseed Oil
keywords: Brush border membrane; Carbohydrate metabolism; Flaxseed oil; Nephrotoxicity; Oxidative stress; Sodium arsenate