title: Effects of fly ash and boric acid on Y2O3-stabilized tetragonal ZrO2 dispersed with MgAl2O4: An experimental study on rat subcutaneous tissue.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the subcutaneous tissue reaction around zirconia-based materials. Forty-eight male Wistar Albino rats were used in this study. Disk-shaped (1mm height and 5mm diameter) samples composed of 67% spinel (MgAl2O4), 27% tetragonal zirconia polycrystal, 4% (m/m) fly ash and 2% (m/m) boric acid were inserted into dorsal muscles of rats. After 1, 4, 8 and 16 weeks, the animals were sacrificed and zirconia materials were removed with the surrounding tissue. Tissue sections were made with a microtome and then stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Sections were evaluated for the intensity of inflammation. Additionally, the somatic and visceral lymph nodes were evaluated. Data were submitted to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey HSD tests at a significant level of p < 0.05. There were statistically significant differences between mean inflammatory scores in different experimental periods (p <0.05). In addition, the inflammatory reaction decreased over time. The tested materials had no damaging effect on the rat lymph nodes and did not have a toxic action on the internal organs. Therefore, zirconia polycrystal tested in the present study may offer a promising treatment alternative after further mechanical and biological studies are performed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: ergungulfem@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Gulfem
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ergun
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Metin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guru
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ferhan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Egilmez
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Isil
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cekic-Nagas
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Dervis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
mesh_terms: D000537:Aluminum Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001888:Boric Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D060729:Coal Ash / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015921:Dental Implants; D003764:Dental Materials; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology; D008277:Magnesium Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D040521:Subcutaneous Tissue / Q000187:drug effects*; D015019:Yttrium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015040:Zirconium / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001888:Boric Acids; D060729:Coal Ash; D015921:Dental Implants; D003764:Dental Materials; C111130:spinell; D008277:Magnesium Oxide; D015019:Yttrium; D015040:Zirconium; D000537:Aluminum Oxide; C032688:boric acid; C028541:zirconium oxide; C091417:yttria
keywords: Boric acid; Fly ash; Inflammatory reaction; Tissue response; Zirconia