title: Substituent effects on in vitro antioxidizing properties, stability, and solubility in flavonoids.
abstract: Antioxidants are widely used by humans, both as dietary supplements and as additives to different types of products. The desired properties of an antioxidant often include a balance between the antioxidizing capacity, stability, and solubility. This review focuses on flavonoids, which are naturally occurring antioxidants, and different common substituent groups on flavonoids and how these affect the properties of the molecules in vitro. Hydroxyl groups on flavonoids are both important for the antioxidizing capacity and key points for further modification resulting in O-methylation, -glycosylation, -sulfation, or -acylation. The effects of O-glycosylation and acylation are discussed as these types of substitutions have been most explored in vitro concerning antioxidizing properties as well as stability and solubility. Possibilities to control the properties by enzymatic acylation and glycosylation are also reviewed, showing that depending on the choice of enzyme and substrate, regioselective results can be obtained, introducing possibilities for more targeted production of antioxidants with predesigned properties.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, and ‡Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology, Lund University , P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Merichel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Plaza
authors.forename: Tania
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pozzo
authors.forename: Jiayin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Kazi Zubaida
authors.initials: KZ
authors.lastname: Gulshan Ara
authors.forename: Charlotta
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nordberg Karlsson
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids