title: Meta-tetrahydroxyphenyl chlorine mediated photodynamic therapy inhibits the migration and invasion of a nasopharyngeal carcinoma KJ-1 cell line.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Different photosensitizer-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) has different intracellular cytotoxic cascades. Previous reports showed that 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-mediated PDT suppressed the migration and invasion of head and neck cancer cells. Unlike from 5-ALA, which mainly targets the mitochondria of cells, meta-tetrahydroxyphenyl chlorin (m-THPC) mainly accumulates in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex. Does m-THPC PDT inhibit the migration and invasion of cancer cells?
  
  
  METHODS
  The effect of m-THPC PDT with a sublethal dose sufficient to kill around 20% of cells on the migration and invasion of a nasopharyngeal carcinoma KJ-1 cell line was studied by wound healing and Matrigel invasion assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the wound healing assay, the migration distance of KJ-1 cells decreased significantly from 0.71 ± 0.02 mm in the control cells to 0.31 ± 0.03 mm in the PDT-treated cells 24 hours after light treatment (p < 0.05) and the migration distance also decreased significantly from 1.02 ± 0.07 mm in the control cells to 0.32 ± 0.04 mm in the PDT-treated cells 48 hours after treatment (p < 0.05). In the Matrigel invasion assay, the number of the invaded KJ-1 cells in PDT treated group was also statistically significantly less than those without PDT treatment (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that a sublethal dose of m-THPC PDT inhibits the migration and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Cheng-Ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Pei-Jen
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Fei-Yun
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: soloman@ntu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Ming-Jium
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Shieh
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002277:Carcinoma; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D054443:Cell Migration Assays; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008652:Mesoporphyrins / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077274:Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D008652:Mesoporphyrins; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; C072269:temoporfin
keywords: Foscan; head and neck cancer; metastasis; photodynamic therapy; photosensitizer