title: Antagonistic action of Bacillus subtilis strain SG6 on Fusarium graminearum.
abstract: Fusarium graminearum causes Fusarium head blight (FHB), a devastating disease that leads to extensive yield and quality loss of wheat and barley. Bacteria isolated from wheat kernels and plant anthers were screened for antagonistic activity against F. graminearum. Based on its in vitro effectiveness, strain SG6 was selected for characterization and identified as Bacillus subtilis. B. subtilis SG6 exhibited a high antifungal effect on the mycelium growth, sporulation and DON production of F. graminearum with the inhibition rate of 87.9%, 95.6% and 100%, respectively. In order to gain insight into biological control effect in situ, we applied B. subtilis SG6 at anthesis through the soft dough stage of kernel development in field test. It was revealed that B. subtilis SG6 significantly reduced disease incidence (DI), FHB index and DON (P ≤ 0.05). Further, ultrastructural examination shows that B. subtilis SG6 strain induced stripping of F. graminearum hyphal surface by destroying the cellular structure. When hypha cell wall was damaged, the organelles and cytoplasm inside cell would exude, leading to cell death. The antifungal activity of SG6 could be associated with the coproduction of chitinase, fengycins and surfactins.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yueju
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jonathan Nimal
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Selvaraj
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Fuguo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Huimin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xinxin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Lichao
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Lancine
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sangare
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yawa Minnie Elodie
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Folly
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000898:Antibiosis; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D005670:Fusarium / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D055666:Lipopeptides / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D055666:Lipopeptides; D014255:Trichothecenes; C007262:deoxynivalenol