title: Surgical site infections in infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Surgical interventions are common in infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Despite our awareness of the broad impact of surgical site infection (SSI), there are little data in neonates. Our objective was to determine the rate and clinical impact of SSI in infants admitted to the NICU.
  
  
  METHODS
  Provincial population-based study of infants admitted to a tertiary care NICU. SSI, explicitly defined, was included if it occurred within 30 days of a skin/mucosal-breaking surgical intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 724 infants who underwent 1039 surgical interventions very low birth weight (VLBW) infants were over-represented. The overall SSI rate was 4.3 per 100 interventions [CI 95% 3.2 to 5.7], up to 19 per 100 dirty interventions (wound class 4) [CI 95% 4.0 to 46]. Rates were higher in infants following gastroschisis closure (13 per 100 infants [CI 95% 5.8 to 24]), whereas they were generally low following a ligation of a ductus arteriosus. Infants with SSI required longer hospitalization after adjusting for co-morbidities (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Data from this relatively large contemporary study suggest that SSI rates in the NICU setting are more comparable to the pediatric age group. However, VLBW infants and those undergoing gastroschisis closure represent high risk groups.
authors.affiliation: Children's & Women's Health Centre of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6H 3 N1; Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1ZA; The Barzilai Medical Center Ashkelon; Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Ashkelon 78278, Israel.
authors.forename: Ilan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Segal
authors.affiliation: Children's & Women's Health Centre of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6H 3 N1.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Children's & Women's Health Centre of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6H 3 N1; Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1ZA; Child & Family Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z4H4.
authors.forename: Susan G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Albersheim
authors.affiliation: Children's & Women's Health Centre of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6H 3 N1; Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1ZA; Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1ZA.
authors.forename: Erik D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Skarsgard
authors.affiliation: Children's & Women's Health Centre of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6H 3 N1; Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1ZA; Child & Family Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z4H4. Electronic address: plavoie@cw.bc.ca.
authors.forename: Pascal M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Lavoie
mesh_terms: D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001955:British Columbia / Q000453:epidemiology; D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous / Q000009:adverse effects; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012867:Skin / Q000382:microbiology; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D004202:Disinfectants
keywords: Gastroschisis; Neonates; Surgical site infection; Very low birth weight