title: Time course of lewisite-induced skin lesions and inflammatory response in the SKH-1 hairless mouse model.
abstract: Data on the toxicity of lewisite (L), a vesicant chemical warfare agent, are scarce and conflicting, and the use of the specific antidote is not without drawbacks. This study was designed to evaluate if the SKH-1 hairless mouse model was suitable to study the L-induced skin injuries. We studied the progression of lesions following exposure to L vapors for 21 days using paraclinical parameters (color, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and biomechanical measurements), histological assessments, and biochemical indexes of inflammation. Some data were also obtained over 27 weeks. The development of lesions was similar to that reported in other models. The TEWL parameter appeared to be the most appropriate index to follow their progression. Histological analysis showed inflammatory cell infiltration and microvesications at day 1 and a complete wound closure by day 21. Biochemical studies indicated a deregulation of the levels of several cytokines and receptors involved in inflammation. An increase in the quantity of pro-matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 was shown as observed in other models. This suggests that the SKH-1 mouse model is relevant for the investigation of the physiopathological process of skin lesions induced by L and to screen new treatment candidates.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Chemical Burns, Toxicology and Chemical Risk Department, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, La Tronche, France.
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nguon
authors.forename: Cécile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cléry-Barraud
authors.forename: Virginie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vallet
authors.forename: Nacéra
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Elbakdouri
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wartelle
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mouret
authors.forename: Marine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bertoni
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dorandeu
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Boudry
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D001152:Arsenicals / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001834:Body Water / Q000378:metabolism; D002619:Chemical Warfare Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004548:Elasticity / Q000187:drug effects; D004890:Erythema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008812:Mice, Hairless; D012867:Skin / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology*; D014870:Water Loss, Insensible / Q000187:drug effects; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D001152:Arsenicals; D002619:Chemical Warfare Agents; C035965:lewisite; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; C522362:Mmp2 protein, mouse; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; C501830:Mmp9 protein, mouse