title: Polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations of burbot Lota lota from Great Slave Lake are very low but vary by sex.
abstract: Total polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations (ΣPCBs) in whole fish were determined for 18 ripe female burbot Lota lota and 14 ripe male burbot from Great Slave Lake, a lake with no known point sources of PCBs. In addition, ΣPCBs were determined in both somatic tissue and gonads for a randomly selected subset of 5 females and 5 males. Mean ΣPCBs for females and males were 2.89 and 3.76 ng/g, respectively. Thus, males had 30 % greater ΣPCBs than females. Based on ΣPCB determinations for somatic tissue and gonads, ΣPCBs of females and males would be expected to decrease by 18 % and increase by 6 %, respectively, immediately after spawning due to the release of gametes. Results from a previous study in eastern Lake Erie indicated that males had 28 and 71 % greater ΣPCBs than females from populations of younger (ages 6-13 years) and older (ages 14-17 years) burbot, respectively. Thus, although younger burbot from Lake Erie had approximately 50 times greater ΣPCBs than Great Slave Lake burbot, the relative difference in ΣPCBs between the sexes was remarkably similar across both populations. Our results supported the contention that the widening of the difference in ΣPCBs between the sexes in older burbot from Lake Erie was attributable to a "hot spot" effect operating on older burbot because Lake Erie has received PCB point source loadings. Our results also supported the contention that male fish expend energy at a rate between 15 and 30 % greater than females. Eventually, these results will be useful in developing sex-specific bioenergetics models for fish.
authors.affiliation: Great Lakes Science Center, United States Geological Survey, 1451 Green Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA, cmadenjian@usgs.gov.
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Madenjian
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Stapanian
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Cott
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Rediske
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: O'Keefe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D048388:Gadiformes / Q000378:metabolism*; D006066:Gonads / Q000378:metabolism; D060106:Lakes / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000378:metabolism*; D012737:Sex Factors; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls