title: PTEN function: the long and the short of it.
abstract: Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) is a phosphatase that is frequently altered in cancer. PTEN has phosphatase-dependent and -independent roles, and genetic alterations in PTEN lead to deregulation of protein synthesis, the cell cycle, migration, growth, DNA repair, and survival signaling. PTEN localization, stability, conformation, and phosphatase activity are controlled by an array of protein-protein interactions and post-translational modifications. Thus, PTEN-interacting and -modifying proteins have profound effects on the tumor suppressive functions of PTEN. Moreover, recent studies identified mechanisms by which PTEN can exit cells, via either exosomal export or secretion, and act on neighboring cells. This review focuses on modes of PTEN protein regulation and ways in which perturbations in this regulation may lead to disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Hopkins
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA.
authors.forename: Cindy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hodakoski
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA.
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Barrows
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Mense
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA. Electronic address: ramon.parsons@mssm.edu.
authors.forename: Ramon E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Parsons
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002453:Cell Cycle; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D042822:Genomic Instability; D006801:Humans; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational
chemical_list: D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase
keywords: PI3K signaling; PTEN; PTEN-Long