title: Highly sensitive multipoint real-time kinetic detection of Surface Plasmon bioanalytes with custom CMOS cameras.
abstract: Phase sensitive Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) techniques are a popular means of characterizing biomolecular interactions. However, limitations due to the narrow dynamic range and difficulty in adapting the method for multi-point sensing have restricted its range of applications. This paper presents a compact phase sensitive SPR technology using a custom CMOS camera. The system is exceptionally versatile enabling one to trade dynamic range for sensitivity without altering the optical system. We present results showing sensitivity over the array of better than 10(-6) Refractive Index Units (RIU) over a refractive index range of 2×10(-2)RIU, with peak sensitivity of 3×10(-7)RIU at the center of this range. We also explain how simply altering the settings of polarization components can give sensitivity on the order of 10(-8)RIU albeit at the cost of lower dynamic range. The consistent response of the custom CMOS camera in the system also allowed us to demonstrate precise quantitative detection of two Fibrinogen antibody-protein binding sites. Moreover, we use the system to determine reaction kinetics and argue how the multipoint detection gives useful insight into the molecular binding mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics, Imaging and Optical Science, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottinghamshire NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics, Imaging and Optical Science, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottinghamshire NG7 2RD, United Kingdom. Electronic address: Richard.J.Smith@nottingham.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics, Imaging and Optical Science, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottinghamshire NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Roger A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Light
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics, Imaging and Optical Science, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottinghamshire NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Joanna L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Richens
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics, Imaging and Optical Science, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottinghamshire NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics, Imaging and Optical Science, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottinghamshire NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: O'Shea
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics, Imaging and Optical Science, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottinghamshire NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Chung
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: See
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics, Imaging and Optical Science, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottinghamshire NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Somekh
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D003199:Computer Systems; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000295:instrumentation*; D007700:Kinetics; D025941:Protein Interaction Mapping / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012031:Refractometry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012666:Semiconductors; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation*; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance / Q000295:instrumentation*
keywords: High sensitivity; Multipoint detection; Phase sensitive; Surface plasmon resonance