title: Characterization of a novel composite scaffold consisting of acellular bladder submucosa matrix, polycaprolactone and Pluronic F127 as a substance for bladder reconstruction.
abstract: The bladder is an organ susceptible to a variety of congenital anomalies, injuries and disorders. To address the clinical limitations of existing scaffolds, we fabricated a novel scaffold that can be applied to morphological and functional bladder reconstruction. As a first step to prove the benefit of the scaffold, intensive in vitro and in vivo analyses were conducted. The novel composite scaffold was fabricated using polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127 (PCL/F127) and variable proportions (1, 3, 5 and 10wt.%) of porcine acellular bladder submucosa matrix (BSM). Physicochemical properties and biocompatibilities of the scaffolds were characterized. For cell-mediated analysis, upper-urinary-tract-derived urine stem cells were used. Observations of tensile strength, modulus, porosity, cell adhesion, viability and proliferation characteristics of scaffolds indicated that the optimum proportion of BSM in the composite scaffolds was 3 or 5 wt.%. Based on comparison of 3 and 5 wt.% BSM/PCL/F127 scaffolds with respect to degradability, hydrophilicity, surface properties and functional group presence, the 3 wt.% BSM was chosen for in vivo studies. 8 weeks after kidney-subcapsular implantation of the 3 wt.% BSM/PCL/F127 scaffold, cells remained attached to the surface and there was no evidence of teratomas. A BSM content of 3 wt.% was the optimum proportion for fabrication of the neo scaffold. We predict that the 3 wt.% BSM/PCL/F127 composite scaffold could act as an ideal matrix after cystectomy based on its favorable physicochemical properties and biocompatibilities.
authors.affiliation: Joint Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yu-Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Joint Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: So Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Gumi Medical Center, CHA University, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Gun Nam
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Materials, Hannam University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Rae
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Nanobiomedical Science & WCU Research Center, Dankook University, Chungnam, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Se Heang
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Materials, Hannam University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Bum Soo
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Phil Hyun
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: uroyoo@knu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Eun Sang
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Joint Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: tgkwon@knu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Tae Gyun
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Kwon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D020442:Poloxamer / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011091:Polyesters / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016062:Porosity; D013552:Swine; D013718:Tensile Strength; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011091:Polyesters; D020442:Poloxamer; C016240:polycaprolactone
keywords: Bladder submucosa matrix; Composite scaffold; Pluronic F127; Polycaprolactone