title: Microbial and dietary factors modulating intestinal regulatory T cell homeostasis.
abstract: To maintain a quiescent gut microenvironment, proper regulation of immune responses initiated by pro-inflammatory immune subsets is required. Several types of regulatory T cells are reported to exert pivotal roles in achieving this. Among various types of regulatory T cells, the crucial role of Foxp3(+) Treg cells has been well documented. Furthermore, accumulating evidence demonstrates that both microbial and dietary factors influence the induction and suppressor functions of intestinal Foxp3(+) Treg cells. Foxp3(+) Treg cells are a highly activated T cell subset which responds rapidly to environmental and nutritional stimuli. Thus, sufficient nutrient supply is required to fuel the high energetic status of Foxp3(+) Treg cells for the regulation of intestinal immunity.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama 332-0012, Japan; Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. Electronic address: kinoshita@neurol.med.osaka-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama 332-0012, Japan; Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. Electronic address: ktakeda@ongene.med.osaka-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takeda
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D005285:Fermentation; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology*
keywords: Commensal microbe; Dietary factor; Regulatory T cell