title: Better neutralization of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) than HSV-2 by antibody from recipients of GlaxoSmithKline HSV-2 glycoprotein D2 subunit vaccine.
abstract: The Herpevac Trial evaluated a herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) glycoprotein D (gD2) subunit vaccine to prevent genital herpes. Unexpectedly, the vaccine protected against genital HSV-1 infection but not genital HSV-2 infection. We evaluated sera from 30 women seronegative for HSV-1 and HSV-2 who were immunized with gD2 in the Herpevac Trial. Neutralizing antibody titers to HSV-1 were 3.5-fold higher than those to HSV-2 (P < .001). HSV-2 gC2 and gE2 on the virus blocked neutralization by gD2 antibody, while HSV-1 gC1 and gE1 did not block neutralization by gD2 antibody. The higher neutralizing antibody titers to HSV-1 offer an explanation for the Herpevac results, and shielding neutralizing domains provides a potential mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
authors.forename: Sita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Awasthi
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Disease, Allergy, and Immunology, Saint Louis University, Missouri.
authors.forename: Robert B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Belshe
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
authors.forename: Harvey M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Friedman
mesh_terms: D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006558:Herpes Genitalis / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000276:immunology*; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines; C040570:glycoprotein D-herpes simplex virus type 2
keywords: HSV-1; HSV-2; Herpevac Trial; glycoprotein C; glycoprotein D; glycoprotein E; neutralizing antibody; vaccine