title: Nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient murine xenograft model for human uterine leiomyoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish a novel xenograft model using a severely immunocompromised host that is more convenient for uterine leiomyoma research compared with a pre-existing model using nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient (NOD/SCID) IL-2Rγ-null mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University and an attached animal facility.
  
  
  METHODS
  NOD/SCID, SCID, BALB/c nude, and NOD/SCID IL-2Rγ-null mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Xenografts consisting of primary cultured leiomyoma and myometrial cells in the subrenal and subcutaneous (SC) spaces in ovariectomized mice, followed by sex steroids (estrogen and P) administration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Viability, volume, histology, and sex steroid receptor expression of xenografts in response to sex steroid administration, to evaluate feasibility of the model; and messenger RNA expression levels of 12 genes representative of leiomyoma in the xenografts, to characterize the model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Leiomyoma xenografts increased in volume at the highest frequency (55.1%) in response to sex steroids in NOD/SCID mice. Xenografts reproduced the histology and maintained expression of sex steroids receptors and representative genes of the original tissues. Subrenal xenografts were significantly larger than the SC xenografts, whereas those consisting of myometrial cells never increased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The modified NOD/SCID murine subrenal leiomyoma xenograft model reproduced most characteristics of the original leiomyoma tissue. Our model provides a more convenient research tool to investigate the pathogenesis of uterine leiomyoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproductive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Guiwen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproductive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan. Electronic address: ishikawa@chiba-u.jp.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproductive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Kunizui
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sone
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproductive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: Division of Reproductive Science in Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: J Julie
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Reproductive Science in Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kurita
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproductive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Makio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shozu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004967:Estrogens / Q000633:toxicity; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D008819:Mice, Nude; D016513:Mice, SCID; D011374:Progesterone / Q000633:toxicity; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous / Q000379:methods*; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D011374:Progesterone
keywords: Leiomyoma; NOD/SCID; animal model; xenograft