title: Characteristics of lung cancer after a previous malignancy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the era of improving overall survival rates of malignant diseases, the impact of a previous malignancy (PM) on treatment and outcome of lung cancer (LC) remains unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed all LC patients from our institution that were treated from 2004 to 2006 for the occurrence of LC with PM excluding patients with multiple primary LC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 444 and 2698 LC patients with and without a history of a PM were identified (prevalence of 14.1%). PM were most often located in breast (15.5%), prostate (14.9%), bladder (9.0%) and kidney (8.8%). Compared to never smokers, patients with nicotine consumption had more often a cancer history of prostate, gastrointestinal, and the head-neck region. The median interval until diagnosis of LC was 72.2 months (range 0-537 months) with most LC diagnosed 5 years after PM diagnosis. With a similar distribution of histology, stage and localization compared to controls, NSCLC patients with PM and stage IV disease showed a favorable overall survival (p < 0.0001). In contrast, SCLC patients had similar survival curves (n.s.).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A considerable subgroup of LC patients has a history of PM that may indicate a favorable prognostic factor. However, these patients should be treated similar to other LC patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Oncology, Thoraxklinik at the University of Heidelberg, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, German Center for Lung Research, Germany. Electronic address: N.Reinmuth@lungenclinic.de.
authors.forename: Niels
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Reinmuth
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Oncology, Thoraxklinik at the University of Heidelberg, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stumpf
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Oncology, Thoraxklinik at the University of Heidelberg, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stumpf
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Thoraxklinik at the University of Heidelberg, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, German Center for Lung Research, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Muley
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Thoraxklinik at the University of Heidelberg, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Sonja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kobinger
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Thoraxklinik at the University of Heidelberg, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, German Center for Lung Research, Germany.
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Pneumology & Respiratory Critical Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik at the University of Heidelberg, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, German Center for Lung Research, Germany.
authors.forename: Felix J F
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Herth
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Philipp A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Schnabel
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Oncology, Thoraxklinik at the University of Heidelberg, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, German Center for Lung Research, Germany.
authors.forename: Helge
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bischoff
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Oncology, Thoraxklinik at the University of Heidelberg, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, German Center for Lung Research, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thomas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D017678:Sex Distribution; D055752:Small Cell Lung Carcinoma / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy
keywords: Follow-up; Non-small cell lung cancer; Previous malignancy; Second malignancy; Survival