title: Authentication of Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae by RAPD-derived DNA markers.
abstract: Bulbus Fritillariae is the most commonly used antitussive herb in China. Eleven species of Fritillaria are recorded as Bulbus Fritillariae in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae is a group of six Fritillaria species with higher efficiency and lower toxicity derived mainly from wild sources. Because of their higher market price, five other Fritillaria species are often sold deceptively as Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae in the herbal market. To ensure the efficacy and safety of medicinal herbs, the authentication of botanical resources is the first step in quality control. Here, a DNA based identification method was developed to authenticate the commercial sources of Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae. A putative DNA marker (0.65 kb) specific for Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae was identified using the Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. A DNA marker representing a Sequence Characterized Amplified Region (SCAR) was developed from a RAPD amplicon. The SCAR marker was successfully applied to differentiate Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae from different species of Fritillaria. Additionally, the SCAR marker was also useful in identifying the commercial samples of Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae. Our results indicated that the RAPD-SCAR method was rapid, accurate and applicable in identifying Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae at the DNA level.
authors.affiliation: Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Hong Kong, China. xinguizhong1984@126.com.
authors.forename: Gui-Zhong
authors.initials: GZ
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.affiliation: Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Hong Kong, China. kellylam@ust.hk.
authors.forename: Yin-Ching
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.affiliation: Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Hong Kong, China. mavlanjan@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Maitinuer
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maiwulanjiang
authors.affiliation: Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Hong Kong, China. gallant@ust.hk.
authors.forename: Gallant K L
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Hong Kong, China. nzyzy808@163.com.
authors.forename: Kevin Yue
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Hong Kong, China. roytwl@ust.hk.
authors.forename: Wai-Lun
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Hong Kong, China. botina@ust.hk.
authors.forename: Tina Ting-Xia
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China. shiziqi47@126.com.
authors.forename: Zi-Qi
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China. shiziqi47@126.com.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Hong Kong, China. botsim@ust.hk.
authors.forename: Karl W K
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Tsim
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D018744:DNA, Plant; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000145:classification; D031410:Fritillaria / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D005819:Genetic Markers; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D019105:Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique / Q000379:methods; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D018744:DNA, Plant; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D005819:Genetic Markers