title: Systematic review of appropriate cognitive assessment instruments used in clinical trials of schizophrenia, major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder.
abstract: Cognitive dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a symptom in mental conditions including schizophrenia, major depressive disorder (MDD), and bipolar disorder (BPD). Despite the many available cognitive assessment instruments, consensus is lacking on their appropriate use in clinical trials. We conducted a systematic literature review in Embase, PubMed/Medline and PsychINFO to identify appropriate cognitive function instruments for use in clinical trials of schizophrenia, MDD, and BPD. Instruments were identified from the articles. Instruments and articles were excluded if they did not address schizophrenia, MDD, or BPD. Instrument appropriateness was further assessed by the criteria of the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (MATRICS) initiative: test-retest reliability, utility, relationship to functional status, potential changeability to pharmacological agents, and tolerability and practicality for clinical trials. The database search yielded 173 articles describing 150 instruments used to assess cognitive function. Seventeen additional instruments were identified through Google and clinicaltrials.gov. Among all these, only 30 (18%) were deemed appropriate for use in the diseases of interest. Of these, 27 were studied in schizophrenia, one in MDD and two in BPD. These findings suggest the need for careful selection of appropriate cognitive assessment instruments, as not all may be valid in these disorders.
authors.affiliation: Creativ-Ceutical, 500 Lake Cook Road #350, Deerfield, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bakkour
authors.affiliation: Takeda Pharmaceuticals International, One Takeda Parkway, Deerfield, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Samp
authors.affiliation: Takeda Pharmaceuticals International, One Takeda Parkway, Deerfield, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Kasem
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Akhras
authors.affiliation: Creativ-Ceutical, 500 Lake Cook Road #350, Deerfield, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Emna
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: El Hammi
authors.affiliation: Creativ-Ceutical, 500 Lake Cook Road #350, Deerfield, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Imen
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Soussi
authors.affiliation: Creativ-Ceutical, 500 Lake Cook Road #350, Deerfield, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Fatma
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zahra
authors.affiliation: University of Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon I, UFR d׳Odontologie, 11 rue Guillaume Paradin, 69372 Lyon, Cedex 08, France.
authors.forename: Gérard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Duru
authors.affiliation: Creativ-Ceutical, 500 Lake Cook Road #350, Deerfield, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Amna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kooli
authors.affiliation: University of Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon I, UFR d׳Odontologie, 11 rue Guillaume Paradin, 69372 Lyon, Cedex 08, France. Electronic address: mondher.toumi@univ-lyon1.fr.
authors.forename: Mondher
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toumi
mesh_terms: D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016206:Databases, Bibliographic; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology
keywords: Bipolar disorder; Cognitive dysfunction; Cognitive instrument; Major depressive disorder; Schizophrenia