title: Wheat-Aegilops biuncialis amphiploids have efficient photosynthesis and biomass production during osmotic stress.
abstract: Osmotic stress responses of water content, photosynthetic parameters and biomass production were investigated in wheat-Aegilops biuncialis amphiploids and in wheat genotypes to clarify whether they can use to improve the drought tolerance of bread wheat. A decrease in the osmotic pressure of the medium resulted in considerable water loss, stomatal closure and a decreased CO2 assimilation rate for the wheat genotypes, while the changes in these parameters were moderate for the amphiploids. Maximal assimilation rate was maintained at high level even under severe osmotic stress in the amphiploids, while it decreased substantially in the wheat genotypes. Nevertheless, the effective quantum yield of PS II was higher and the quantum yield of non-photochemical quenching of PS II and PS I was lower for the amphiploids than for the wheat cultivars. Parallel with this, higher cyclic electron flow was detected in wheat than in the amphiploids. The elevated photosynthetic activity of amphiploids under osmotic stress conditions was manifested in higher biomass production by roots and shoots as compared to wheat genotypes. These results indicate that the drought-tolerant traits of Ae. biuncialis can be manifested in the wheat genetic background and these amphiploids are suitable genetic materials for improving drought tolerance of wheat.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Science, Eszterházy College, P.O. Box 43, H-3301 Eger, Hungary. Electronic address: ds@ektf.hu.
authors.forename: Sándor
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dulai
authors.affiliation: Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martonvásár, Bruszvik út 2, Hungary.
authors.forename: István
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Molnár
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Science, Eszterházy College, P.O. Box 43, H-3301 Eger, Hungary.
authors.forename: Dóra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Szopkó
authors.affiliation: Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martonvásár, Bruszvik út 2, Hungary.
authors.forename: Éva
authors.initials: É
authors.lastname: Darkó
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Eszterházy College, P.O. Box 43, H-3301 Eger, Hungary.
authors.forename: András
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vojtkó
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Eszterházy College, P.O. Box 43, H-3301 Eger, Hungary.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sass-Gyarmati
authors.affiliation: Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martonvásár, Bruszvik út 2, Hungary.
authors.forename: Márta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Molnár-Láng
mesh_terms: D018533:Biomass; D055864:Droughts; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic; D009997:Osmotic Pressure; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D006109:Poaceae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D011123:Polyploidy; D014908:Triticum / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
keywords: Aegilops biuncialis; Cereals; Osmotic stress; Photosynthesis; Wheat