title: The elution and breakdown behavior of constituents from various light-cured composites.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Constituents of dental composites can be released from dental fillings after polymerization. The aim of this study was to examine the time-related elution and breakdown of separable constituents of polymerized composites using deuterated solvents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Elution and breakdown of constituents were investigated with deuterated solvents methanol and water by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry of following composites for 180 days: Filtek™ Supreme XT, Filtek™ Supreme XT Flow, Tetric Ceram(®), Tetric Flow(®), Grandio(®), Grandio(®) Flow.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Within 180 days no compounds were formed as the products of breakdown. 19 compounds were identified as elution products: Bis-EMA, TEGDMA, DDDMA, EGDMA, MAA, BPA, CQ, HQME, DMABEE, CSA, BL, TEG, BHT, TINP, TPP, TPSB, DEDHTP, DCHP, ß-PHEA. The highest concentration of Bis-EMA was measured for Tetric Flow(®) in deuterated methanol on day 90 at 36.993mmol/l and in deuterated water also on day 90 at 0.031mmol/l. The highest TEGDMA concentrations were measured for Grandio(®) Flow in deuterated methanol on day 60 at 1.322mmol/l and for Filtek™ Supreme XT Flow in deuterated water on day 3 at 0.689mmol/l. The highest BPA concentration was measured for Tetric Flow(®) in deuterated methanol on day 90 at 1.469mmol/l. The highest BPA concentration was measured for Grandio(®) in deuterated water on day 180 at 0.007mmol/l. Significance Examination of time-related elution indicates that various elution products (e.g. Bis-EMA, BPA) were only released in small quantities during the first 90 days, but in high quantities between day 90 and day 180.
authors.affiliation: Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Nussbaumstr. 26, D-80336 Munich, Germany. Electronic address: marija_sevkusic@yahoo.de.
authors.forename: Marija
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sevkusic
authors.affiliation: Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Nussbaumstr. 26, D-80336 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Lena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schuster
authors.affiliation: Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Nussbaumstr. 26, D-80336 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Lena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rothmund
authors.affiliation: Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Nussbaumstr. 26, D-80336 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dettinger
authors.affiliation: Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Nussbaumstr. 26, D-80336 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Moritz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maier
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative/Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Pedodontics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Goethestr. 70, D-80336 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Reinhard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hickel
authors.affiliation: KU Leuven Biomat, Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Kirsten L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Van Landhuyt
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative/Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Pedodontics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Goethestr. 70, D-80336 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Durner
authors.affiliation: Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Nussbaumstr. 26, D-80336 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Christof
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Högg
authors.affiliation: Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Nussbaumstr. 26, D-80336 Munich, Germany; Department of Operative/Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Pedodontics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Goethestr. 70, D-80336 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Franz-Xaver
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Reichl
mesh_terms: D055117:Curing Lights, Dental; D001840:Dental Bonding; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
keywords: Composite; Deuterated methanol; Deuterated water; Time-dependent elution/breakdown