title: Identification of lactoferrin as a human dedifferentiation factor through the studies of reptile tissue regeneration mechanisms.
abstract: In this study, we performed two-dimensional electrophoresis with protein extracts from lizard tails, and analyzed the protein expression profiles during the tissue regeneration to identify the dedifferentiation factor. As a result, we identified 18 protein spots among total of 292 spots, of which proteins were specifically expressed during blastema formation. We selected lactoferrin as a candidate because it is the mammalian homolog of leech-derived tryptase inhibitor, which showed the highest frequency among the 18 proteins. Lactoferrin was specifically expressed in various stem cell lines, and enhanced the efficiency of iPSC generation upto approximately 7-fold relative to the control. Furthermore, lactoferrin increased the efficiency by 2-fold without enforced expression of Klf4. These results suggest that lactoferrin may induce dedifferentiation, at least partly by increasing the expression of Klf4.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, Dong-A University, Busan 604-714, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kil Soo
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Sun Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Soon Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Ae Jin
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Hyun Hee
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jungwoon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yee Sook
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Sun-Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Leem
authors.forename: Tae-Hong
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Kwang-Hee
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Jae Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yong Woo
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Woojin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jun
authors.forename: Suk Ran
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Sang-Chul
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jin Woong
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D054337:Cell Dedifferentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D006801:Humans; D000090062:Kruppel-Like Factor 4; D007781:Lactoferrin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008116:Lizards / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012038:Regeneration; D030162:Reptilian Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D013623:Tail / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C000715467:KLF4 protein, human; C000715468:Klf4 protein, mouse; D000090062:Kruppel-Like Factor 4; D030162:Reptilian Proteins; D007781:Lactoferrin