title: Heme oxygenase-1 and carbon monoxide regulate intestinal homeostasis and mucosal immune responses to the enteric microbiota.
abstract: Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and its enzymatic by-product carbon monoxide (CO) have emerged as important regulators of acute and chronic inflammation. Mechanisms underlying their anti-inflammatory effects are only partially understood. In this addendum, we summarize current understanding of the role of the HO-1/CO pathway in regulation of intestinal inflammation with a focus on innate immune function. In particular, we highlight our recent findings that HO-1 and CO ameliorate intestinal inflammation through promotion of bacterial clearance. Our work and that of many others support further investigation of this global homeostatic pathway in the human inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs).
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine, Microbiology, and Immunology; University of North Carolina School Medicine; Chapel Hill, NC USA.
authors.forename: Joseph C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Onyiah
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine, Microbiology, and Immunology; University of North Carolina School Medicine; Chapel Hill, NC USA.
authors.forename: Shehzad Z
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Sheikh
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine, Microbiology, and Immunology; University of North Carolina School Medicine; Chapel Hill, NC USA; Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Nitsan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maharshak
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery; Transplant Institute; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA USA.
authors.forename: Leo E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Otterbein
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine, Microbiology, and Immunology; University of North Carolina School Medicine; Chapel Hill, NC USA.
authors.forename: Scott E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Plevy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal / Q000276:immunology; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D007422:Intestines / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1
keywords: Crohn disease; carbon monoxide; heme oxygenase; macrophage; ulcerative colitis