title: Assessment of genotoxic and mutagenic potential of hexavalent chromium in the freshwater fish Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822).
abstract: The present study was undertaken to investigate the genotoxicity and mutagenicity of sublethal concentrations of hexavalent chromium (potassium dichromate) in the Indian major carp, Labeo rohita. The 96 h LC50 value of potassium dichromate estimated was 118 mg L(-1) by probit analysis using SPSS (version 16.0) software. Based on 96 h LC50 value, three sublethal test concentrations of potassium dichromate (29.5, 59.0 and 88.5 mg L(-)(1)) were selected and specimens were exposed in vivo to these test concentrations for 96 h. The mutagenic and genotoxic effects of potassium dichromate were evaluated in gill and blood cells using micronucleus (MN) test and comet assay. In general, significant (p < 0.05) effects due to the concentrations and the exposure durations were observed in exposed specimens. The MN induction was highest at 96 h at all the test concentrations in the peripheral blood. A similar trend was observed for the DNA damage, measured in terms of percentage of tail DNA, in erythrocyte and gill cells. The study indicated hazardous effect of the hexavalent chromium to fish and other aquatic organisms and indirectly to human beings.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources , Lucknow , U. P., India.
authors.forename: Naresh Sahebrao
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Nagpure
authors.forename: Rashmi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.forename: Ravindra
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Basdeo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kushwaha
authors.forename: Satish Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.forename: Pavan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Anurag
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dabas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002857:Chromium / Q000633:toxicity*; D020552:Comet Assay; D003530:Cyprinidae / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D004249:DNA Damage; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005880:Gills / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective / Q000139:chemically induced*; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002857:Chromium; C074702:chromium hexavalent ion
keywords: Acute toxicity; Labeo rohita; genotoxicity; hexavalent chromium; mutagenicity