title: Comparison of intermaxillary fixation screw versus eyelet interdental wiring for intermaxillary fixation in minimally displaced mandibular fracture: a randomized clinical study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present randomized study was to evaluate the efficacy of intermaxillary fixation screw (IMFS) versus eyelet interdental wiring for intermaxillary fixation (IMF) in minimally displaced mandibular fractures.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 50 patients with a minimally displaced mandibular fracture were enrolled, with 25 patients randomly selected for each group. In group I (study group, n = 25), the patients were treated using IMFS, and in group II (control group, n = 25), they received eyelet interdental wiring. Both techniques were assessed for the following parameters: time required for placement and removal of each type of IMF technique, time required for placement of IMF wires, postoperative occlusion, stability of the IMF wire, local anesthesia requirement during removal of each fixation type, oral hygiene status, glove perforation rate, and complications associated with both techniques. The collected data were analyzed using Student's unpaired t test or χ2 test. P < .05 was considered significant and the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software, version 10, was used for analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average time required for placement in groups I and II was 17.56 and 35.08 minutes, respectively (P = .000). The time required for placement of the IMF wire in group I was 2.1 minutes and in group II was 6 minutes. The oral hygiene status was assessed, and the mean plaque index score for groups I and II was 1.44 and 2.12, respectively (P = .00). The glove perforation rate was much less in group I than in group II. Finally, the most common complication in both groups was mucosal growth.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results established the supremacy of IMFS compared with eyelet interdental wiring. Thus, we have concluded that IMFS, in the present scenario, is a safe and time-saving technique. IMFS is a cost-effective, straightforward, and viable alternative to cumbersome eyelet interdental and other wiring techniques for providing IMF, with satisfactory occlusion during closed reduction or intraoperative open reduction internal fixation of fractures. In addition, oral hygiene can be maintained, and the glove perforation rate was very low using IMFS. The relatively small sample size and limited follow-up period were the study limitations.
authors.affiliation: Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Vidya Shikshan Prasarak Mandal Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India. Electronic address: pranav_ingole05@yahoo.co.in.
authors.forename: Pranav D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Ingole
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Vidya Shikshan Prasarak Mandal Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Anoop
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garg
authors.affiliation: Professor and Head, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Vidya Shikshan Prasarak Mandal Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: S Ramakrishna
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Shenoi
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Vidya Shikshan Prasarak Mandal Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Samprati J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Badjate
authors.affiliation: Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Vidya Shikshan Prasarak Mandal Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Nilima
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Budhraja
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D001863:Bone Screws / Q000009:adverse effects; D001864:Bone Wires / Q000009:adverse effects; D003766:Dental Occlusion; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D020878:Device Removal; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000379:methods; D005881:Gingiva / Q000254:growth & development; D005932:Gloves, Surgical; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D019248:Jaw Fixation Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D008337:Mandibular Fractures / Q000145:classification / Q000601:surgery*; D061646:Operative Time; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D013193:Stainless Steel / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014951:Wounds, Stab / Q000209:etiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D013193:Stainless Steel