title: An updated Asia Pacific Consensus Recommendations on colorectal cancer screening.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Since the publication of the first Asia Pacific Consensus on Colorectal Cancer (CRC) in 2008, there are substantial advancements in the science and experience of implementing CRC screening. The Asia Pacific Working Group aimed to provide an updated set of consensus recommendations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Members from 14 Asian regions gathered to seek consensus using other national and international guidelines, and recent relevant literature published from 2008 to 2013. A modified Delphi process was adopted to develop the statements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Age range for CRC screening is defined as 50-75 years. Advancing age, male, family history of CRC, smoking and obesity are confirmed risk factors for CRC and advanced neoplasia. A risk-stratified scoring system is recommended for selecting high-risk patients for colonoscopy. Quantitative faecal immunochemical test (FIT) instead of guaiac-based faecal occult blood test (gFOBT) is preferred for average-risk subjects. Ancillary methods in colonoscopy, with the exception of chromoendoscopy, have not proven to be superior to high-definition white light endoscopy in identifying adenoma. Quality of colonoscopy should be upheld and quality assurance programme should be in place to audit every aspects of CRC screening. Serrated adenoma is recognised as a risk for interval cancer. There is no consensus on the recruitment of trained endoscopy nurses for CRC screening.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on recent data on CRC screening, an updated list of recommendations on CRC screening is prepared. These consensus statements will further enhance the implementation of CRC screening in the Asia Pacific region.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: J J Y
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.affiliation: Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: F K L
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Endoscopy Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: S S M
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: J Y W
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.affiliation: Cancer Institute, Zhejiang University, Hanggzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Bikur Holim Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Adler
authors.affiliation: Asian Healthcare Foundation, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Asian Healthcare Foundation, National University of Singapore and Senior Consultant Gastroenterologist, Singapore.
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Yeoh
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health & Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: K K F
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Tsoi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: J Y L
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Ching
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kuipers
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Evaluative Sciences, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rabeneck
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Young
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Molecular Oncology, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Steele
authors.affiliation: Portland VA Medical Centre, Portland, Oregon, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lieberman
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Goh
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001208:Asia; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged
keywords: Colorectal Cancer; Screening