title: Immune responses of mice against recombinant bovine herpesvirus 5 glycoprotein D.
abstract: Glycoprotein D (gD) is essential for attachment and penetration of Bovine herpesvirus 5 (BoHV-5) into permissive cells, and is a major target of the host immune system, inducing strong humoral and cellular immune responses. The aim of this study was to evaluate in mice the immunogenicity of recombinant BoHV-5 gD (rgD5) expressed in Pichia pastoris. Vaccines formulated with rgD5 alone or adjuvanted with Montanide 50 ISA V2; Emulsigen or Emulsigen-DDA was administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously. Almost all formulations stimulated a humoral immune response after the first inoculation. The only exception was observed when the rgD5 was administered subcutaneously without adjuvant, in this case, the antibodies were observed after three doses. Higher titers of neutralizing antibodies were obtained with the three oil-based adjuvant formulations when compared to non-adjuvanted vaccine formulations. The rgD5 vaccine stimulated high mRNA expression levels of Th1 (INF-γ) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-17, GM-CSF). The results demonstrated that the recombinant gD from BoHV-5 conserved important epitopes for viral neutralization from native BoHV-5 gD and was able to elicit mixed Th1/Th2 immune response in mice.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luana Alves
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Dummer
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Itauá Leston
authors.initials: IL
authors.lastname: Araujo
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paula Fonseca
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Finger
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Immunologia Aplicada, Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Virologia e Imunologia Animal, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil; Microbiology & Immunology and VIDO-Intervac, University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada.
authors.forename: Alceu Gonçalves
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: dos Santos
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Matheus Costa
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: da Rosa
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Immunologia Aplicada, Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabricio Rochedo
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Conceição
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Virologia e Imunologia Animal, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Geferson
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.affiliation: Microbiology & Immunology and VIDO-Intervac, University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada.
authors.forename: Sylvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil. Electronic address: fabio_leite@ufpel.edu.br.
authors.forename: Fábio Pereira Leivas
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Leite
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000818:Animals; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000097:blood; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000276:immunology; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D025881:Herpesvirus 5, Bovine; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D020381:Interleukin-17; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines; C091563:glycoprotein D, bovine herpesvirus 5; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
keywords: Cytokines; Humoral response; Pichia pastoris; Vaccine; gD