title: Effectiveness of meta-cognitive and cognitive-behavioral therapy in patients with major depressive disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy (MCT) and cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) in treating Iranian patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty three outpatients meeting DSM-IV-TR criteria for MDD without any other axis I and II disorders were randomly assigned to one of three treatment conditions, i.e. MCT, CBT and pharmacotherapy. The Beck Depression Inventory-II-Second Edition (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Ruminative Response Scale (RRS) and Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS) were administered for pre-treatment, post-treatment and follow-up. Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Based on repeated measures ANOVA, all the participants demonstrated improvement in depression, anxiety, dysfunctional attitude and ruminative response. Based on percentage results, all the patients in MCT and CBT groups showed significant improvement at post-treatment phase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MCT and CBT were more effective than pharmacotherapy alone In treatment of MDD.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  None.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Psychologist, Assistant Professor, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ashouri
authors.affiliation: Clinical Psychologist, Assistant Professor, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Kazem
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Atef Vahid
authors.affiliation: Clinical Psychologist, Assistant Professor, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Banafsheh
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gharaee
authors.affiliation: Psychiatrist, Associate Professor, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rasoulian
keywords: Cognitive Behavior Therapy; Major Depression Disorder; Metacognitive Model; Metacognitive Therapy