title: Pathologically proved nonspecific interstitial pneumonia: CT pattern analysis as compared with usual interstitial pneumonia CT pattern.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the variability of computed tomography (CT) patterns in patients with pathologic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) and to evaluate correlation of CT patterns with new idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) classification guidelines, including pathologic diagnosis and predicted mortality.
  
  
  METHODS
  The ethical review boards of the five institutions that contributed cases waived the need for informed consent for retrospective review of patient records and images. The study included 114 patients with (a) a pathologic diagnosis of idiopathic NSIP (n = 39) or (b) a pathologic diagnosis of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) and a clinical diagnosis of IPF (n = 75). Two groups of independent observers evaluated the extent and distribution of various CT findings and identified the following five patterns: UIP, possible UIP, indeterminate (either UIP or NSIP), NSIP, and suggestive of an alternative diagnosis. CT findings were compared with pathologic diagnoses and outcome from clinical findings by using the log-rank test and Kaplan-Meier curves.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Radiologists classified 17 cases as UIP, 24 as possible UIP, 13 as indeterminate (either UIP or NSIP), and 56 as NSIP. In 35 of 39 patients with pathologic NSIP, a diagnosis of NSIP was made with CT. On the basis of CT interpretations, the mean overall survival time of patients with UIP, possible UIP, indeterminate findings, or NSIP was 33.5, 73.0, 101.0, and 140.2 months, respectively. Outcome of patients with a CT diagnosis of UIP was significantly worse than that of patients with a pattern of possible UIP, indeterminate findings, or NSIP (log-rank test: P = .013, P = .018, and P < .001, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CT pattern in patients with pathologic NSIP is more uniform than that in patients with pathologic UIP, and CT NSIP pattern is associated with better patient outcome than is CT UIP pattern.
authors.affiliation: Form the Department of Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0825, Japan (H.S., T.G., M.Y., O.H., N.T.); Department of Radiology, Kinki Central Hospital of Mutual Aid Association of Public Health Teachers, Itami, Hyougo, Japan (T.J.); Department of Radiology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan (K.F.); Department of Radiology, Dokkyo University School of Medicine, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan (H.A.); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz (T.V.C.); Department of Pathology, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Nagasaki, Japan (J.F.); Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tosei General Hospital, Seto City, Aichi, Japan (H.T., Y.K., K.K.); Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan (T.O., T.B.); and Division of Respiratory Medicine, Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan (K.I.).
authors.forename: Hiromitsu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sumikawa
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Johkoh
authors.forename: Kiminori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: Tomas V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Colby
authors.forename: Junya
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fukuoka
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kondoh
authors.forename: Kensuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kataoka
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogura
authors.forename: Tomohisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Baba
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ichikado
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gyobu
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yanagawa
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tomiyama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D054988:Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*