title: Genetic differentiation among Maruca vitrata F. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) populations on cultivated cowpea and wild host plants: implications for insect resistance management and biological control strategies.
abstract: Maruca vitrata Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is a polyphagous insect pest that feeds on a variety of leguminous plants in the tropics and subtropics. The contribution of host-associated genetic variation on population structure was investigated using analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 (cox1) sequence and microsatellite marker data from M. vitrata collected from cultivated cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.), and alternative host plants Pueraria phaseoloides (Roxb.) Benth. var. javanica (Benth.) Baker, Loncocarpus sericeus (Poir), and Tephrosia candida (Roxb.). Analyses of microsatellite data revealed a significant global FST estimate of 0.05 (P≤0.001). The program STRUCTURE estimated 2 genotypic clusters (co-ancestries) on the four host plants across 3 geographic locations, but little geographic variation was predicted among genotypes from different geographic locations using analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA; among group variation -0.68%) or F-statistics (FSTLoc = -0.01; P = 0.62). These results were corroborated by mitochondrial haplotype data (φSTLoc = 0.05; P = 0.92). In contrast, genotypes obtained from different host plants showed low but significant levels of genetic variation (FSTHost = 0.04; P = 0.01), which accounted for 4.08% of the total genetic variation, but was not congruent with mitochondrial haplotype analyses (φSTHost = 0.06; P = 0.27). Variation among host plants at a location and host plants among locations showed no consistent evidence for M. vitrata population subdivision. These results suggest that host plants do not significantly influence the genetic structure of M. vitrata, and this has implications for biocontrol agent releases as well as insecticide resistance management (IRM) for M. vitrata in West Africa.
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America.
authors.forename: Tolulope A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Agunbiade
authors.affiliation: USDA-ARS, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, Ames, Iowa, United States of America.
authors.forename: Brad S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Coates
authors.affiliation: International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Cotonou, Benin.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Datinon
authors.affiliation: International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Cotonou, Benin.
authors.forename: Rousseau
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Djouaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America.
authors.forename: Weilin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Cotonou, Benin.
authors.forename: Manuele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tamò
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America.
authors.forename: Barry R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Pittendrigh
mesh_terms: D000354:Africa, Western; D000818:Animals; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000235:genetics; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000469:parasitology*; D005260:Female; D056426:Genetic Loci; D005828:Genetics, Population; D005843:Geography; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000235:genetics*; D007305:Insecticide Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D007915:Lepidoptera / Q000235:genetics*; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010572:Pest Control, Biological
chemical_list: D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV