title: Atrioventricular left ventricular apical pacing improves haemodynamic, rotational, and deformation variables in comparison to pacing at the lateral wall in intact myocardium: experimental study.
abstract: Aim. To assess the effect on left ventricular (LV) function of atrioventricular (AV) and ventricular pacing at the LV apical or lateral wall and to compare the normal torsional and deformation pattern of the intact LV myocardium with those created by the aforementioned LV pacing modes and sites. Methods. Experiments were conducted in pigs (n = 21) with normal LV function to investigate the acute hemodynamic effects of epicardial AV and ventricular LV pacing at the LV apical or lateral wall. Torsional and deformation indices of LV function were assessed using speckle tracking echocardiography. Results. AV pacing at the apex revealed a significant reduction in the radial strain of the base (P < 0.03), without affecting significantly the ejection fraction and the LV torsion or twist. In contrast, AV pacing at the lateral wall produced, in addition to the reduction of the radial strain of the base (P < 0.01), significant reduction of the circumferential and the radial strain of the apex (both P < 0.01) as well as of the ejection fraction (P < 0.002) and twist (P < 0.05). Conclusions. In pig hearts with intact myocardium, LV function is maintained at sinus rhythm level when AV pacing is performed at the LV apex.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Alexandra" Hospital, 80 Vas. Sofias Avenue, 11528 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Savvas
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0749-6750
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toumanidis
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Alexandra" Hospital, 80 Vas. Sofias Avenue, 11528 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaladaridou
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Alexandra" Hospital, 80 Vas. Sofias Avenue, 11528 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bramos
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Alexandra" Hospital, 80 Vas. Sofias Avenue, 11528 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Elias
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Skaltsiotes
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Alexandra" Hospital, 80 Vas. Sofias Avenue, 11528 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Agrios
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Alexandra" Hospital, 80 Vas. Sofias Avenue, 11528 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Constantinos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pamboucas
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Alexandra" Hospital, 80 Vas. Sofias Avenue, 11528 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kottis
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Alexandra" Hospital, 80 Vas. Sofias Avenue, 11528 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Antoniou
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Alexandra" Hospital, 80 Vas. Sofias Avenue, 11528 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Elektra
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Papadopoulou
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Alexandra" Hospital, 80 Vas. Sofias Avenue, 11528 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Spyridon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moulopoulos