title: [Acute mastoiditis in children].
abstract: Acute mastoiditis in children develops when acute otitis media (AOM) spreads into the mastoid air cells inside the temporal bone. The diagnosis is based on clinical findings of AOM with simultaneous signs of infection in the mastoid area. The most common pathogen causing acute mastoiditis in children is Streptococcus pneumoniae. Intravenous antimicrobial medication, tympanostomy and microbial sample are the cornerstones of the treatment. If a complication of mastoiditis is suspected, imaging studies are needed, preferably with magnetic resonance imaging. The most common complication of acute mastoiditis is a subperiosteal abscess.
authors.forename: Lauri
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kajosaari
authors.forename: Saku T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Sinkkonen
authors.forename: Anu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Laulajainen-Hongisto
authors.forename: Jussi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jero
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008417:Mastoiditis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D008876:Middle Ear Ventilation
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents