title: Fundic gland polyps accurately predict a low risk of future gastric carcinogenesis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Few reports have analyzed the clinical importance of sporadic fundic gland polyps (FGPs). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between sporadic FGPs and condition of the gastric mucosa stratified by serum pepsinogen levels and Helicobacter pylori antibody level.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred and seventy-five subjects undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy were enrolled. Subjects on proton pump inhibitors were excluded. Pathologically proven FGPs, and other endoscopic findings (reflux esophagitis, gastric and duodenal ulcer) were examined and serum pepsinogen levels, H. pylori antibody concentration and gastric juice pH were measured simultaneously. Subjects with normal serum pepsinogen and negative H. pylori antibodies were defined as having "low risk" stomachs, suggesting low risk of gastric carcinogenesis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 375 subjects, 44 showed FGPs. The prevalence of "low risk" stomach in subjects with and without FGPs was 98% and 48%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated three variables as independent factors positively associated with "low risk" stomachs: FGPs (odds ratio [OR] 38.6), reflux esophagitis (OR 4.8), and age<60 years (OR 1.89). Gastric juice pH, which is associated with mucosal atrophy grade and low pH indicates less mucosal atrophy, was significantly lower in subjects with (1.64 ± 0.64) than without FGPs in "low risk" (1.94 ± 1.12) and "high risk" stomachs (3.99 ± 2.31).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sporadic FGPs tend to be related to the least atrophic mucosa among non-gastric atrophy subjects without H. pylori infection, and can be used as predictors of a low risk of gastric carcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa General Hospital, 5-11-13 Sugano, Ichikawa, 272-8513 Chiba, Japan. Electronic address: kisikawa@tdc.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kishikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa General Hospital, 5-11-13 Sugano, Ichikawa, 272-8513 Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Shogo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaida
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa General Hospital, 5-11-13 Sugano, Ichikawa, 272-8513 Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Sakiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takarabe
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa General Hospital, 5-11-13 Sugano, Ichikawa, 272-8513 Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Miyoshi
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Tokyo Dental College, 1-2-2 Masago, Mihama-ku, 261-8502 Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsukubo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa General Hospital, 5-11-13 Sugano, Ichikawa, 272-8513 Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Miyauchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa General Hospital, 5-11-13 Sugano, Ichikawa, 272-8513 Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Soichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa General Hospital, 5-11-13 Sugano, Ichikawa, 272-8513 Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Jiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nishida
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D063646:Carcinogenesis; D005260:Female; D005748:Gastric Fundus; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011127:Polyps / Q000150:complications*; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013272:Stomach Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*; D055815:Young Adult