title: A short neuropsychological evaluation of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate cognitive deficits in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (PSS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen patients with PSS, aged between 25 and 61 years, were subjected to a short neuropsychological battery and compared with 18 patients with multiple sclerosis and 18 healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the clinical groups had significantly worse performance than the control group on the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test 3; (F(2,53) =3.500, p=0.038) and 7 (F(2,53) =5.068, p=0.010). The clinical groups had elevated levels of depression on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI); (p=0.003). The analysis of the data from the Trail Making Test B-A revealed a significant difference between the clinical and control groups (p=0.023). The analysis of covariance with BDI score as a covariate, did not change the outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study revealed cognitive deficits in patients with PSS detectable by a short neuropsychological battery.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de JaneiroRJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Dóra-Neide
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de JaneiroRJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: João Sergio Ignácio
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Hora
authors.affiliation: Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital Universitário Gaffréé e Guinle, UNIRIO, Rio de JaneiroRJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Cecília Fonseca
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Salgado
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de JaneiroRJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renata Alves
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Paes
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de JaneiroRJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Claudia Cristina Ferreira
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Vasconcelos
authors.affiliation: Universidade Católica Rio de Janeiro, Rio de JaneiroRJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Landeira-Fernandez
authors.affiliation: a, a, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de JaneiroRJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Regina Maria Papais
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Alvarenga
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012859:Sjogren's Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*