title: Status of serum adiponectin related to insulin resistance in prediabetics.
abstract: OBEJCTIVE: To find the status of serum adiponectin in individuals progressing towards Type 2 diabetes mellitus and compare it with normal glucose tolerant subjects to determine the stage where alteration of adiponectin occurred.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cross-sectional study was carried out at the Department of Biochemistry, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, during January to August 2008. Subjects were invited through various diabetes screening camps. A total of 608 subjects > or = 30 years of age without prior history of diabetes were screened through fasting plasma glucose and 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test. Forty randomly selected pre-diabetic subjects and 40 age and gender-matched subjects were included in the study. Anthropometric measurements were done. Serum insulin and adiponectin were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was used to calculate insulin resistance mathematically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean fasting and two-hour plasma glucose, body mass index, waist, hip circumference and blood pressure were significantly raised in pre-diabetics compared to those with normal glucose tolerance. Adiponectin was significantly decreased, while insulin and HOMA-IR were raised significantly in the pre-diabetics. Adiponectin showed significant negative correlation with body mass index (r = -0.31, p = 0.005), fasting plasma glucose (r = -0.24, p = 0.032), 2-hour plasma glucose (r = -0.42, p < 0.0001)), insulin (r = -0.43, p < 0.0001) and HOMA-IR (r = -0.43, p < 0.0001) and remained significant after adjustment of body mass index, gender and insulin level in pre-diabetics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adiponectin estimation may help in earlier identification of impending diabetes. However, casual link between adiponectin and pre-diabetes remained unexplored due to the study design and small sample size that warrants longitudinal large-scale studies.
authors.forename: Shahid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahsan
authors.forename: Sagheer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Syed Danish Haseen
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Kiran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nauman
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010154:Pakistan / Q000453:epidemiology; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose