title: Self-efficacy difference among patients with cancer with different socioeconomic status: application of latent class analysis and standardization and decomposition analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although the relationship between partial socioeconomic status (SES) and self-efficacy has been studied in previous studies, few research have examined self-efficacy difference among patients with cancer with different SES.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional survey involving 764 patients with cancer was completed. Latent class analysis (LCA) was applied to identify distinct groups of patients with cancer using four SES indicators (education, income, employment status and health insurance status). Standardization and decomposition analysis (SDA) was then used to examine differences in patients' self-efficacy among SES groups and the components of the differences attributed to confounding factors, such as gender, age, anxiety, depression and social support.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants were classified into four distinctive SES groups via using LCA method, and the observed self-efficacy level significantly varied by SES groups; as theorized, higher self-efficacy was associated with higher SES. The self-efficacy differences by SES groups were decomposed into "real" group differences and factor component effects that are attributed to group differences in confounding factor compositions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Self-efficacy significantly varies by SES. Social support significantly confounded the observed differences in self-efficacy between different SES groups among Chinese patients with cancer.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Second Military Medical University, No. 800, Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: yuancr510@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Changrong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Nursing Department, School of Medicine, Tongji University, No. 727, Zhongshan North Road, Shanghai 200070, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chunlan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA; Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Jichuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Orthopedics Department, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600, Yishan Road, Shanghai 200003, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Huijuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, The Central Hospital of Jinhua City, Mingyue Street No. 351, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province 321001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xianghong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Yingbo Community Health Service Center of Pudong New District, Shanghai 200125, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yingyan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA; Clinical and Community Research Center, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Pamela S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Hinds
mesh_terms: D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D002755:Choice Behavior; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D007348:Insurance, Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012944:Social Support; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: China; Latent class analysis (LCA); Patients with cancer; Self-efficacy; Socioeconomic status; Standardization and decomposition analysis (SDA), DECOMP