title: Nutrigenetics of carotenoid metabolism in the chicken: a polymorphism at the β,β-carotene 15,15'-mono-oxygenase 1 (BCMO1) locus affects the response to dietary β-carotene.
abstract: The enzyme β,β-carotene-15,15'-mono-oxygenase 1 (BCMO1) is responsible for the symmetrical cleavage of β-carotene into retinal. We identified a polymorphism in the promoter of the BCMO1 gene, inducing differences in BCMO1 mRNA levels (high in adenines (AA) and low in guanines (GG)) and colour in chicken breast muscle. The present study was designed to test whether this polymorphism could affect the response to dietary β-carotene. Dietary β-carotene supplementation did not change the effects of the genotypes on breast muscle properties: BCMO1 mRNA levels were lower and xanthophyll contents higher in GG than in AA chickens. Lower vitamin E levels in the plasma and duodenum, plasma cholesterol levels and body weight were also observed in GG than in AA chickens. In both genotypes, dietary β-carotene increased vitamin A storage in the liver; however, it reduced numerous parameters such as SCARB1 (scavenger receptor class B type I) in the duodenum, BCMO1 in the liver, vitamin E levels in the plasma and tissues, xanthophyll contents in the pectoralis major muscle and carcass adiposity. However, several diet × genotype interactions were observed. In the GG genotype, dietary β-carotene increased ISX (intestine-specific homeobox) and decreased BCMO1 mRNA levels in the duodenum, decreased xanthophyll concentrations in the duodenum, liver and plasma, and decreased colour index and HDL-cholesterol concentration in the plasma. Retinol accumulation following dietary β-carotene supplementation was observed in the duodenum of AA chickens only. Therefore, the negative feedback control on β-carotene conversion through ISX appears as functional in the duodenum of GG but not of AA chickens. This could result in a higher availability of β-carotene in the duodenum of GG chickens, reducing the uptake of xanthophylls, liposoluble vitamins and cholesterol.
authors.affiliation: INRA, UR83 Recherches Avicoles, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
authors.forename: Maamer
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jlali
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1213 Herbivores, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France.
authors.forename: Benoit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Graulet
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1213 Herbivores, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France.
authors.forename: Béatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chauveau-Duriot
authors.affiliation: INRA, UR83 Recherches Avicoles, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
authors.forename: Estelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Godet
authors.affiliation: INRA, UR83 Recherches Avicoles,F-37380Nouzilly,France.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Praud
authors.affiliation: DSM Nutritional Products France, NRD/CA,BP 170, F-68305 Saint-Louis Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Carlos Simões
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.affiliation: INRA, UR83 Recherches Avicoles, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Le Bihan-Duval
authors.affiliation: INRA, UR83 Recherches Avicoles, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
authors.forename: Cécile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Berri
authors.affiliation: INRA, UR83 Recherches Avicoles, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
authors.forename: Michel J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Duclos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000378:metabolism*; D002645:Chickens / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D004386:Duodenum / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D056726:Genetic Association Studies / Q000662:veterinary; D006720:Homozygote; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011897:Random Allocation; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000378:metabolism; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D050559:beta-Carotene 15,15'-Monooxygenase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D024341:Xanthophylls; D019207:beta Carotene; D014810:Vitamin E; D002338:Carotenoids; D050559:beta-Carotene 15,15'-Monooxygenase