title: Acute effects of black carbon and PM₂.₅ on children asthma admissions: a time-series study in a Chinese city.
abstract: Epidemiologic evidence for an association between black carbon (BC) and health outcomes is limited. We estimated associations and exposure-response relationships between childhood asthma admission and concentration of BC and PM2.5 (particle less than 2.5mm in aerodynamic diameter) in ambient air in Shanghai using a lag distributed model. The PM2.5 and the BC were significantly associated with childhood asthma admissions in single-pollution model. However, the effects of BC on asthma attacks were slightly stronger than those of PM2.5 after adjusting or not adjusting for NO2 and SO2. In conclusion, our study suggests combustion-associated particles are important in China. Black carbon should be considered as one of the air quality indicators in China.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai Meteorological Bureau, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiration, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai Meteorological Bureau, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai Meteorological Bureau, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: fhgzz12345@sina.com.
authors.forename: Fuhai
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.affiliation: Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, China. Electronic address: lptongxun@163.com.
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000032:analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D044466:Asian People; D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter
keywords: Asthma admission; Black carbon; Fine particle; Time-series