title: Anti-inflammatory effect of tricin 4'-O-(threo-β-guaiacylglyceryl) ether, a novel flavonolignan compound isolated from Njavara on in RAW264.7 cells and in ear mice edema.
abstract: Although recent study has shown tricin 4'-O-(threo-β-guaiacylglyceryl) ether (TTGE), an isolated compound from Njavara rice, to have the most potent anti-inflammatory effects, the action mechanism has not been fully understood. Here, we examined the effect of TTGE on the inflammation and elucidated the potential mechanism. We demonstrated that TTGE significantly inhibited LPS-induced NO and ROS generation in RAW264.7 cells, which was correlated with the down-regulating effect of TTGE on the iNOS and COX-2 expression via NF-κB and STAT3. TPA-induced ear edema was also efficiently inhibited by the TTGE treatment. TTGE blocked the induction of iNOS and COX-2 through the regulation of NF-κB and STAT3, which could explain the reduced TPA-induced edema symptoms. Moreover, the introduction of ERK inhibitor abrogated the anti-inflammatory effect of TTGE via the recovery of NF-κB and STAT3 signalings. Taken together, these results suggest that TTGE has anti-inflammatory properties through down-regulation of NF-κB and STAT3 pathways.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Suk
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dae Hwan
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Yeon
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Na Young
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
authors.forename: Yun-Hee
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Bae
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Bang Yeon
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: College of Agriculture, Life and Environments, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Moon Soon
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Heon-Sang
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jinthong@chungbuk.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jin Tae
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Hong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004487:Edema / Q000188:drug therapy*; D047309:Flavones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044947:Flavonolignans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D012275:Oryza; D011458:Prostaglandins E / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D047309:Flavones; D044947:Flavonolignans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D011458:Prostaglandins E; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C000588491:tricin 4'-O-(threo-beta-guaiacylglyceryl) ether; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2
keywords: Anti-inflammation; COX2; Flavolignan; NF-κB; STAT3; iNOS