title: Keep-ING balance: tumor suppression by epigenetic regulation.
abstract: Cancer cells accumulate genetic and epigenetic changes that alter gene expression to drive tumorigenesis. Epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor, cell cycle, differentiation and DNA repair genes contributes to neoplastic transformation. The ING (inhibitor of growth) proteins (ING1-ING5) have emerged as a versatile family of growth regulators, phospholipid effectors, histone mark sensors and core components of HDAC1/2 - and several HAT chromatin-modifying complexes. This review will describe the characteristic pathways by which ING family proteins differentially affect the Hallmarks of Cancer and highlight the various epigenetic mechanisms by which they regulate gene expression. Finally, we will discuss their potentials as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in epigenetic treatment strategies.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Charité-Medical School Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Gesche
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tallen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada. Electronic address: karl@ucalgary.ca.
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Riabowol
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins
keywords: Epigenetic cancer therapy; Epigenetic regulation; ING-protein; Tumor suppression