title: Diagnostic challenges in minimal deviation adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix: A report of two cases and review of the literature.
abstract: Minimal deviation adenocarcinoma (MDA) of the uterine cervix, otherwise known as adenoma malignum, is a rare variant of cervical adenocarcinoma, which represents a diagnostic challenge in the field of gynecologic oncology, due to its benign-resembling histological characteristics. To achieve a better understanding of this disease, we present two cases of MDA: one case presented with profuse watery discharge and cervical enlargement, accompanied by retention cysts and hardening; the other presented with a history of myoma cervicis uteri. Both patients underwent total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy and our follow-up indicated that the patients were still free of any disease. Subsequently, a literature review was performed and the results demonstrated that early diagnosis, clinical stage and surgical protocols are the main factors affecting the prognosis of MDA. Close follow-up of the cases may provide more information regarding this disease and the efficacy of the available therapeutic methods.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Feifei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yali
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ru
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jingmei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Huaijun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
keywords: case report; literature; minimal deviation adenocarcinoma; uterine cervix