title: A survey of alkylphenols, bisphenols, and triclosan in personal care products from China and the United States.
abstract: Exposure of humans to environmental phenolic compounds such as bisphenol A (BPA) and alkylphenols is a matter of concern, due to these compounds' ubiquitous occurrence and estrogenic potencies. Little is known about the levels of environmental phenolics in personal care products (PCPs). In this study, nonylphenol, two octylphenols, eight bisphenols (BPA and its analogs), and triclosan (TCS) were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in PCP samples (n = 231) collected from China and the United States (U.S.). The concentrations of 4-n-nonylphenol (4-NP), 4-n-octylphenol (4-OP), 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP), and TCS were in the ranges of <0.5-39,100 [geometric mean (GM): 21.5], <0.5-315 (0.680), <1.0-10,100 (2.69), and <0.5-53,900 (3.03) ng/g, respectively. The GM concentrations of individual bisphenols, including BPA, bisphenol S (BPS), and bisphenol F (BPF), were generally at sub-nanogram per gram levels. No significant differences in concentrations of the target compounds were found among various PCP categories or between China and the U.S. The estimated GM daily intakes of 4-NP, ∑OPs (sum of 4-OP and 4-t-OP), ∑BPs (sum of eight bisphenols), and TCS through dermal absorption from the use of PCPs were 0.932, 0.093, 0.072, and 0.016 μg/day, respectively, for adult Chinese women and 0.340, 0.054, 0.120, and 0.068 μg/day, respectively, for adult U.S. women. Body lotions, face creams, and liquid foundations accounted for the majority (>85 %) of the dermal exposure doses of the target phenolics.
authors.affiliation: Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Empire State Plaza, P.O. Box 509, Albany, NY, 12201-0509, USA.
authors.forename: Chunyang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Kurunthachalam
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kannan
mesh_terms: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D002681:China; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015386:Hazardous Substances / Q000032:analysis*; D006795:Household Products / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis*; D014260:Triclosan / Q000032:analysis*; D014481:United States; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D015386:Hazardous Substances; D010636:Phenols; D014260:Triclosan; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds