title: Compensatory movements during functional activities in ambulatory children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  During the transitional phase (ambulatory to non-ambulatory), synergies characterize the evolution of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). This study was performed to describe and quantify compensatory movements while sitting down on/rising from the floor and climbing up/down steps.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty videos (5 children × 4 assessments × 4 tasks) were recorded quarterly in the year prior to gait loss. Compensatory movements from the videos were registered based on the Functional Evaluation Scale for DMD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most frequently observed compensatory movements were upper limb support on lower limbs/floor/handrail during all the tasks and lumbar hyperlordosis, trunk support on handrail, equinus foot, increased base of support, non-alternated descent, and pauses while climbing up/down steps.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Climbing up/down steps showed a higher number of compensatory movements than sitting down on/rising from the floor, which seemed to be lost before climbing up/down steps in ambulatory children with DMD.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Fisioterapia e Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao PauloSP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Joyce
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martini
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Fisioterapia e Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao PauloSP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana Callil
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Voos
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Fisioterapia e Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao PauloSP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Michele Emy
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Hukuda
authors.affiliation: Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao PauloSP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Bernadete Dutra de
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Resende
authors.affiliation: a, Laboratório de Fisioterapia e Comportamento, FM, USP, Sao PauloSP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fátima Aparecida
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Caromano
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D018908:Muscle Weakness / Q000503:physiopathology; D020388:Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology; D012016:Reference Values; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology*