title: Evaluation of the efficacy of transcricoid lignocaine as adjunctive local anaesthesia for fiberoptic bronchoscopy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Optimisation of patient comfort during flexible bronchoscopy is achieved with the use of intravenous sedation and vocal anaesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effect of transcricoid lignocaine injection was investigated with regards to ease of procedure and frequency of cough. A single-blinded study was carried out and two visual analogue scales were used as markers of efficacy. Treatment groups were matched for age, gender and total dose of lignocaine administered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results highlighted a significant improvement in the perceived ease of procedure (p < 0.0001) and frequency of coughing during the procedure (p < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings of the study demonstrate that the use of transcricoid injection of lignocaine provided a safe adjunct for anaesthesia in flexible bronchoscopy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, AMNCH Hospital, Tallaght, Dublin, 24, Ireland, safsadig@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hamad
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Al-Alawi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Devaney
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Subramaniam
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lane
mesh_terms: D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000379:methods*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001999:Bronchoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D003371:Cough / Q000209:etiology; D003413:Cricoid Cartilage; D054810:Deep Sedation; D005260:Female; D005336:Fiber Optic Technology; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016037:Single-Blind Method
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008012:Lidocaine