title: Protective effects of sea spaghetti-enriched restructured pork against dietary cholesterol: effects on arylesterase and lipoprotein profile and composition of growing rats.
abstract: There is a general assumption that seaweeds are hypocholesterolemics and antioxidants. However, controversial results suggest specific properties for each individual alga. This study aims to assess the effect of including Sea Spaghetti alga (S) in a restructured-pork (RP) diet, both enriched and not enriched with dietary cholesterol, on arylesterase (AE) activity and lipoprotein concentration and composition of Wistar rats. Four groups of 10 growing male Wistar rats were each fed a mix of 85% AIN-93M diet and 15% freeze-dried RP for 5 weeks. The control group (C) consumed control RP-C; the S group consumed RP-S with 5% seaweeds; the Chol-C group consumed the C diet but enriched with cholesterol (2.43%) and cholic acid (0.49%); the Chol-S group consumed the S diet but enriched with cholesterol and cholic acid. AE activity was five times higher (P<.01) in S compared with C rats, but three times lower in Chol-S compared with Chol-C rats (P<.01). The Chol-C diet induced hypercholesterolemia but reduced triglycerides (TG), giving rise to the presence of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) that was enriched in cholesterol. The Chol-S diet partially blocked (P<.001) the hypercholesterolemic induction of the Chol-C diet, and reduced TG levels (P<.05) with respect to S rats. The cholesterol supplementation increased total cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol, and intermediate-density lipoprotein+LDL-cholesterol (IDL+LDL)-cholesterol (P<.001) in Chol-C rats, but the effect was lower in the Chol-S diet. In conclusion, RP-S increases the antioxidant capacity within a noncholesterol enriched diet while improving the lipoprotein profile within a cholesterol-enriched diet.
authors.affiliation: 1 Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología I (Nutrición), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Madrid, Spain .
authors.forename: Adriana R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Schultz Moreira
authors.forename: Raúl
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Olivero-David
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vázquez-Velasco
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: González-Torres
authors.forename: Juana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Benedí
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bastida
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Muniz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000378:metabolism*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D005503:Food Additives / Q000378:metabolism; D005511:Food Handling; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008461:Meat Products / Q000032:analysis*; D000459:Phaeophyceae / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012624:Seaweed / Q000378:metabolism*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D005503:Food Additives; D008074:Lipoproteins; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; C019734:arylesterase
keywords: arylesterase; cholesterol; lipoproteins; restructured pork; seaweeds