title: Comparative reactivity of myeloperoxidase-derived oxidants with mammalian cells.
abstract: Myeloperoxidase is an important heme enzyme released by activated leukocytes that catalyzes the reaction of hydrogen peroxide with halide and pseudo-halide ions to form various hypohalous acids. Hypohalous acids are chemical oxidants that have potent antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal properties and, as such, play key roles in the human immune system. However, increasing evidence supports an alternative role for myeloperoxidase-derived oxidants in the development of disease. Excessive production of hypohalous acids, particularly during chronic inflammation, leads to the initiation and accumulation of cellular damage that has been implicated in many human pathologies including atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative disease, lung disease, arthritis, inflammatory cancers, and kidney disease. This has sparked a significant interest in developing a greater understanding of the mechanisms involved in myeloperoxidase-derived oxidant-induced mammalian cell damage. This article reviews recent developments in our understanding of the cellular reactivity of hypochlorous acid, hypobromous acid, and hypothiocyanous acid, the major oxidants produced by myeloperoxidase under physiological conditions.
authors.affiliation: Inflammation Group, The Heart Research Institute, Newtown, Sydney, NSW 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
authors.forename: Benjamin S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Rayner
authors.affiliation: Inflammation Group, The Heart Research Institute, Newtown, Sydney, NSW 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
authors.forename: Dominic T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Love
authors.affiliation: Inflammation Group, The Heart Research Institute, Newtown, Sydney, NSW 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Electronic address: clare.hawkins@hri.org.au.
authors.forename: Clare L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Hawkins
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001959:Bromates / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016877:Oxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013861:Thiocyanates / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001959:Bromates; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D016877:Oxidants; D013861:Thiocyanates; C517667:hypothiocyanous acid; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D009195:Peroxidase; C027664:hypobromous acid; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Free radicals; Hypobromous acid; Hypochlorous acid; Hypothiocyanous acid; Inflammation; Myeloperoxidase