title: Fast differentiation of SIRS and sepsis from blood plasma of ICU patients using Raman spectroscopy.
abstract: Currently, there is no biomarker that can reliable distinguish between infectious and non-infectious systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). However, such a biomarker would be of utmost importance for early identification and stratification of patients at risk to initiate timely and appropriate antibiotic treatment. Within this proof of principle study, the high potential of Raman spectroscopy for the fast differentiation of non-infectious SIRS and sepsis is demonstrated. Blood plasma collected from 70 patients from the intensive care unit (31 patients with sepsis and 39 patients classified with SIRS without infection) was analyzed by means of Raman spectroscopy. A PCA-LDA based classification model was trained with Raman spectra from test samples and yielded for sepsis a sensitivity of 1.0 and specificity of 0.82. These results have been confirmed with an independent dataset (prediction accuracy 80%).
authors.affiliation: Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany. ute.neugebauer@med.uni-jena.de.
authors.forename: Ute
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Neugebauer
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Trenkmann
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bocklitz
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schmerler
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kiehntopf
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Popp
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003422:Critical Care; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012306:Risk; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018805:Sepsis / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D012984:Software; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*; D018746:Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Raman spectroscopy; SIRS; blood plasma; label-free diagnostics; sepsis