title: Association between developmental defects of enamel and early childhood caries: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The determination of risk factors for early childhood caries (ECC) is important to the implementation of preventive and restorative measures. However, few studies have addressed the association between ECC and developmental defects of enamel (DDE).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association between DDE and ECC, controlling for socioeconomic factors and the presence of dental plaque.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was carried out with 387 children aged two to 5 years during the National Immunisation Day held in 2010 in Diamantina, Brazil. Data were collected through clinical examinations and interviews with parents/guardians addressing socioeconomic indicators. Statistical analysis involved the chi-squared test and Poisson regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of DDE and ECC was 33.9% and 43.3%, respectively. Children with DDE had a greater prevalence rate of ECC (PR: 1.325; 95% CI: 1.093-1.607). Early childhood caries was more prevalent among children with unsatisfactory oral hygiene (PR: 2.933; 95% CI: 2.22-3.86), those who resided in rural areas (PR: 1.267; 95% CI: 1.03-1.55) and those from families with a lower monthly household income (PR: 1.501; 95% CI: 1.06-2.12).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of ECC was associated with the occurrence of DDE in the primary dentition. Place of residence and monthly household income (socioeconomic indicators) and oral hygiene (behavioural factor) exerted an influence on the occurrence of ECC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Patrícia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Corrêa-Faria
authors.forename: Suzane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Paixão-Gonçalves
authors.forename: Saul Martins
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Paiva
authors.forename: Isabela Almeida
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Pordeus
authors.forename: Leandro Silva
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Marques
authors.forename: Maria Letícia
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Ramos-Jorge
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D003744:Dental Enamel Hypoplasia / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors