title: Theoretical efficacy of preventive measures for pathologic fracture after surgical removal of mandibular lesions based on a three-dimensional finite element analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pathologic fracture of the mandible after removal of a lesion historically has been a clinical problem. The present study aimed to evaluate mandibular strength after removal of a lesion and to illustrate the theoretical efficacy of preventive measures against pathologic fracture based on a 3-dimensional finite element (FE) analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A computed tomographic (CT)-based FE model of the mandible of a patient with a dentigerous cyst including a third molar was constructed. Using this model, the decrease of mandibular strength after virtual removal of the lesion was analyzed. The effect of the decrease of occlusal force and reinforcement by a miniplate was analyzed using a simple FE model of the mandible. Based on these analyses, removal of the cyst with the third molar was performed with a decrease of occlusal force and reinforcement by a miniplate. The validity of these procedures was analyzed using a CT-based FE model constructed after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The von Mises stress in a CT-based FE model after virtual removal of the cyst with the third molar was markedly greater than that in the original FE model. In the analysis using a simple FE model, the stress around the fenestrated area was decreased after premolar loading compared with that after molar loading. In addition, miniplate placement around the fenestrated area markedly decreased the stress. Based on these results, the cast crowns of the first and second molars were removed and the fenestrated area of the mandible was reinforced with a 1.5-mm locking miniplate in the actual surgery. The von Mises stress in the fenestrated area was decreased and primarily borne by the miniplate in the analysis of a CT-based FE model constructed after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study illustrated the theoretical efficacy of plate application for the decrease of stress on the mandible after surgical removal of a cyst including a third molar based on a simulation by FE analysis.
authors.affiliation: Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara City, Nara, Japan. Electronic address: murakami@naramed-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara City, Nara, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara City, Nara, Japan.
authors.forename: Motokatsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsuyuki
authors.affiliation: Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara City, Nara, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugiura
authors.affiliation: Professor, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Sadami
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsutsumi
authors.affiliation: Professor and Chair, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara City, Nara, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kirita
mesh_terms: D001641:Bicuspid / Q000502:physiology; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001732:Bite Force; D001860:Bone Plates; D019245:Compressive Strength; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003803:Dentigerous Cyst / Q000601:surgery; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D005598:Fractures, Spontaneous / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D008337:Mandibular Fractures / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D008963:Molar / Q000502:physiology; D008964:Molar, Third / Q000601:surgery; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013718:Tensile Strength; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D014095:Tooth, Impacted / Q000601:surgery; D014584:User-Computer Interface