title: Phosphatidylglycerol biosynthesis is required for the development of embryos and normal membrane structures of chloroplasts and mitochondria in Arabidopsis.
abstract: Phosphatidylglycerophosphate (PGP) synthase, encoded by PGP1 and PGP2 in Arabidopsis, catalyzes a committed step in the biosynthesis of phosphatidylglycerol (PG). In this study, we isolated a pgp1pgp2 double mutant of Arabidopsis to study the function of PG. In this mutant, embryo development was delayed and the majority of seeds did not germinate. Thylakoid membranes did not develop in plastids, mitochondrial membrane structures were abnormal in the mutant embryos, and radiolabeling of phospholipids showed that radioactivity was not significantly incorporated into PG. These results demonstrated that PG biosynthesis is essential for the development of embryos and normal membrane structures of chloroplasts and mitochondria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tanoue
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Japan Women's University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan.
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenta
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Katayama
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Japan Women's University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan. Electronic address: hwada@bio.c.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wada
mesh_terms: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018525:Germination; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051336:Mitochondrial Membranes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D010715:Phosphatidylglycerols / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism; D012639:Seeds / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D020524:Thylakoids / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; C114215:ATPGP1 protein, Arabidopsis; C114216:ATPGP2 protein, Arabidopsis; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D010715:Phosphatidylglycerols; D010743:Phospholipids
keywords: Chloroplast; Development; Embryo; Mitochondrion; Phosphatidylglycerol; Phospholipid