title: Induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human colon carcinoma cells by Corema album leaves.
abstract: The leaves of Corema album (Ericaceae), an endemic shrub which grows in Atlantic coastal areas of the Iberian Peninsula, are rich in flavonoids and other secondary metabolites. Silica gel column chromatography of the ethyl acetate extract from dried leaves was performed and a flavonic active fraction was obtained. The cytotoxic activity of this fraction was assessed using the colon cancer cell lines HCT116 and HT29. After 48 hours of treatment, cell viability was determined with luminescence-based ATPLite assay, showing IC50 values of 7.2 +/- 0.7 and 6.8 +/- 1.2 microg/mL, respectively. The study by flow cytometry revealed that the cytotoxicity of this fraction was mediated, at least in part, by induction of apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest. The active fraction was then subjected to Sephadex LH-20 chromatography and two flavonoids were separated and identified as the flavanone pinocembrin and 2',4'-dihydroxychalcone after UV, MS and NMR analysis.
authors.forename: Antonio J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: León-González
authors.forename: Margaret M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Manson
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: López-Lizaro
authors.forename: Inmaculada
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martín-Cordero
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects; D047188:Chalcones / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D029791:Ericaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D044950:Flavanones / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D045325:HCT116 Cells; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D047188:Chalcones; D044950:Flavanones; C059354:2',4'-dihydroxychalcone; C016063:pinocembrin