title: Endosulfan decreases cytotoxic activity of nonspecific cytotoxic cells and expression of granzyme gene in Oreochromis niloticus.
abstract: The effect of the organochlorinated insecticide endosulfan, on the cytotoxic activity of Nile tilapia nonspecific cytotoxic cells (NCC) was assessed. Juvenile Nile tilapia were exposed to endosulfan (7 ppb) for 96 h and splenic NCC were isolated. Flow cytometric phenotyping of NCC was based on the detection of the NCC specific membrane signaling protein NCCRP-1 by using the monoclonal antibody Mab 5C6; granzyme expression was evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR. The cytotoxic activity of sorted NCC on HL-60 tumoral cells was assessed using propidium iodide (PI) staining of DNA in HL-60 nuclei, indicating dead cells. Nile tilapia splenic NCC had the ability to kill HL-60 tumoral cells, however, the exposure to endosulfan significantly reduced, by a 65%, their cytotoxic activity when using the effector:target ratio of 40:1. Additionally, the exposure to endosulfan tended to increase the expression of NCCRP-1, which is involved in NCC antigen recognition and signaling. Moreover, it decreased the expression of the granzyme gene in exposed group as compared with non-exposed group; however significant differences between groups were not detected. In summary, the acute exposure of Nile tilapia to sublethal concentration of endosulfan induces alteration in function of NCC: significant decrease of cytotoxic activity and a tendency to lower granzyme expression, severe enough to compromise the immunity of this species.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Universidad de Guadalajara, Carretera a Nogales Km 15.5, Las Agujas, 45110 Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico. Electronic address: ceciliat@prodigy.net.mx.
authors.forename: Martha Cecilia
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Téllez-Bañuelos
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, IMSS, Sierra Mojada 800, Col. Independencia, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
authors.forename: Pablo Cesar
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Ortiz-Lazareno
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, IMSS, Sierra Mojada 800, Col. Independencia, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
authors.forename: Luis Felipe
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Jave-Suárez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Universidad de Guadalajara, Carretera a Nogales Km 15.5, Las Agujas, 45110 Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico.
authors.forename: Victor Hugo
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Siordia-Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, IMSS, Sierra Mojada 800, Col. Independencia, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bravo-Cuellar
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Universidad de Guadalajara, Carretera a Nogales Km 15.5, Las Agujas, 45110 Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Santerre
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Universidad de Guadalajara, Carretera a Nogales Km 15.5, Las Agujas, 45110 Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico.
authors.forename: Galina P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Zaitseva
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D023681:Cichlids; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D004726:Endosulfan / Q000633:toxicity*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D053804:Granzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D053804:Granzymes; D004726:Endosulfan
keywords: Cytotoxic activity; Endosulfan; Granzyme; NCC; Nile tilapia