title: The closely related CD103+ dendritic cells (DCs) and lymphoid-resident CD8+ DCs differ in their inflammatory functions.
abstract: Migratory CD103+ and lymphoid-resident CD8+ dendritic cells (DCs) share many attributes, such as dependence on the same transcription factors, cross-presenting ability and expression of certain surface molecules, such that it has been proposed they belong to a common sub-lineage. The functional diversity of the two DC types is nevertheless incompletely understood. Here we reveal that upon skin infection with herpes simplex virus, migratory CD103+ DCs from draining lymph nodes were more potent at inducing Th17 cytokine production by CD4+ T cells than CD8+ DCs. This superior capacity to drive Th17 responses was also evident in CD103+ DCs from uninfected mice. Their differential potency to induce Th17 differentiation was reflected by higher production of IL-1β and IL-6 by CD103+ DCs compared with CD8+ DCs upon stimulation. The two types of DCs from isolated lymph nodes also differ in expression of certain pattern recognition receptors. Furthermore, elevated levels of GM-CSF, typical of those found in inflammation, substantially increased the pool size of CD103+ DCs in lymph nodes and skin. We argue that varied levels of GM-CSF may explain the contrasting reports regarding the positive role of GM-CSF in regulating development of CD103+ DCs. Together, we find that these two developmentally closely-related DC subsets display functional differences and that GM-CSF has differential effect on the two types of DCs.
authors.affiliation: The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
authors.forename: Zhijun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Sammy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bedoui
authors.affiliation: The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Jamie L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Brady
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Walter
authors.affiliation: The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chopin
authors.affiliation: The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Emma M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Carrington
authors.affiliation: The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Robyn M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Sutherland
authors.affiliation: The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Stephen L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Nutt
authors.affiliation: The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Yuxia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Hyun-Ja
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.affiliation: Tsignhua University and Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences and Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Andrew M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Lew
authors.affiliation: The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Yifan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism*; D016827:CD8 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D039001:Integrin alpha Chains / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition / Q000378:metabolism; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000502:physiology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D016207:Cytokines; D039001:Integrin alpha Chains; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; C091367:alpha E integrins; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor