title: Comparison of the sagittal profiles among thoracic idiopathic scoliosis patients with different Cobb angles and growth potentials.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous studies have demonstrated that pelvic incidence and sacral slope are significantly greater in idiopathic scoliosis patients compared with normal adolescents. However, whether these sagittal parameters are related to the progression of scoliosis remain unknown. The present was designed to determine the differences in the sagittal profiles among thoracic idiopathic scoliosis patients with different potentials for curve progression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-seven outpatient idiopathic scoliosis patients enrolled from June 2008 to June 2011 were divided to three groups according to different Cobb angles and growth potentials: (1) non-progression of thoracic curve group, Risser sign of 5 and Cobb's angle < 40°; (2) moderate progression of thoracic curve group, Risser sign of 5 and Cobb's angle ≥ 40°; and (3) severe progression of thoracic curve group, Risser sign ≤ 3 and Cobb's angle ≥ 40°. All patients underwent whole spinal anteroposterior and lateral X-ray in standing position, and the sagittal parameters were measured, including thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, sacral slope, pelvic incidence, and pelvic tilt.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average thoracic scoliosis Cobb's angle in the non-progression group was significantly less than that in the moderate progression group (P < 0.01) and severe progression group (P < 0.01), but there was no statistical difference in the average thoracic scoliosis Cobb's angle between the severe progression group and moderate progression group. The average thoracic kyphosis angle in the severe progression group (9° ± 4°) was significantly smaller than that in the non-progression group (18° ± 6°, P < 0.01) and moderate progression group (14° ± 5°, P < 0.05). No statistical differences were present in the average lumbar lordosis, sacral slope, pelvic incidence, and pelvic tilt among the three groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thoracic hypokyphosis is strongly related with the curve progression in thoracic idiopathic scoliosis patients, but not pelvic sagittal profiles.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ran
authors.forename: Xiang-yang
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Guo-you
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Jia-yu
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ji-bin
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Feng-chao
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Dun-yi
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Xin-zhu
authors.initials: XZ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yue-hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.forename: Jun-hui
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: Kai-jin
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology; D011859:Radiography; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000254:growth & development*; D055815:Young Adult