title: Impact of azelnidipine and amlodipine on left ventricular mass and longitudinal function in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The impact of long-acting calcium channel blocker (CCB) administration on serial changes in left ventricular (LV) function and morphology in hypertensive patients with LV hypertrophy remains unclear. This study attempted to clarify this impact by comparing the effects of administration of azelnidipine with that of amlodipine using conventional and speckle tracking echocardiography.
  
  
  METHODS
  An equal number (16) of 32 hypertensive patients was prospectively assigned to a group administered 5 mg of amlodipine/day or a group administered 16 mg of azelnidipine/day. LV function and morphology was examined by conventional and speckle tracking echocardiography at baseline and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment initiation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both groups were found to have experienced a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure by 1 month after treatment initiation; a significant reduction in septal thickness and LV mass index at 6 and 12 months. Transmitral flow E/A ratio and early diastolic mitral annular velocity at lateral wall significantly improved at 12 months. On the other hand, a significant improvement of global longitudinal strain was observed earlier than the above indexes at 3, 6, and 12 months. Ar-A duration difference was significantly decreased at 3 months. The global circumferential strain improved significantly at 3 months, but there were no significant changes in mid-/apical circumferential and radial strains throughout the study period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Azelnidipine has beneficial effects on LV mass regression, transmitral flow, tissue Doppler, and LV longitudinal strain that are comparable to those of amlodipine on the same parameters.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirohiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Motoki
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Koyama
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Izawa
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tomita
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyashita
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Uichi
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ikeda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017311:Amlodipine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001383:Azetidinecarboxylic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004095:Dihydropyridines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D018619:Echocardiography, Doppler, Pulsed / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000187:drug effects; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D004095:Dihydropyridines; D017311:Amlodipine; D001383:Azetidinecarboxylic Acid; C061679:azelnidipine
keywords: left ventricular hypertrophy; left ventricular mass; strain-strain rate