title: UK Renal Registry 16th annual report: chapter 15 epidemiology of reported infections amongst patients receiving dialysis for established renal Failure in England from May 2011 to April 2012: a joint report from Public Health England and the UK renal registry.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Infection remains one of the leading causes of mortality in established renal failure patients receiving renal replacement therapy (RRT). Since 2007, centres providing RRT in England have been asked to provide additional data on patients with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteraemia. Since 2011, the option to provide data on methicillin sensitive Stapylococcus aureus (MSSA) and Escherichia coli bacteraemia, as well as Clostridium difficile infection has also been available.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were submitted to Public Health England by laboratories via HCAI-DCS including whether the patients were receiving dialysis. Individual renal centres then confirmed the record either directly via the database or after being contacted. Data were collected for the period of the 1st May 2011 to the 30th April 2012.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 49 episodes of MRSA bacteraemia, an overall rate of 0.22 per 100 dialysis patients per year, representing a further year on year fall in MRSA rate. There were a higher number of MSSA episodes, 322 in total, with an overall rate of 1.15 per 100 dialysis patients per year. The number of episodes and overall rate of E. coli and C. difficile were 284 and 0.92 per 100 prevalent dialysis patients per year and 172 and 0.61 per 100 prevalent dialysis patients per year respectively. In each infection type the presence of a central venous catheter appeared to correlate with an elevated risk.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Data are presented from one year of infections reported to PHE. The rate of MRSA bacteraemia episodes in England continues to fall. There was a higher rate of MSSA infections amongst renal dialysis patients. Findings from the first year of E. coli and C. difficile data collection are also reported. Future cycles will give us a further idea of the trend in incidences of these infections.
authors.affiliation: Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, UK.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Crowley
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pitcher
authors.forename: Jennie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guy
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fluck
mesh_terms: D000847:Annual Reports as Topic; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D002391:Catchment Area, Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055499:Catheter-Related Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D002404:Catheterization / Q000379:methods; D062905:Central Venous Catheters / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016360:Clostridioides difficile; D003015:Clostridium Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; D012042:Registries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology