title: Nuclear pattern of CXCR4 expression is associated with a better overall survival in patients with gastric cancer.
abstract: Introduction. Previous studies have shown that stromal-derived factor-1 (CXCL12) and its receptor, CXCR4, play a crucial role in metastasis of various tumors. Similarly, it has been cleared that CXCR4 is expressed on the cell surface of gastric cancers. However, nuclear expression of CXCR4 and its clinical importance have not been yet studied. Materials and Methods. Herein, we studied the expression of CXCR4 in gastric samples from patients with gastric adenocarcinoma as well as human gastric carcinoma cell line, AGS, by employing RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry techniques. Results. RT-PCR data showed that CXCR4 is highly expressed on AGS cells. This was confirmed by IHC and FACS as CXCR4 was detected on cell membrane, in cytoplasm, and in nucleus of AGS cells. Moreover, we found that both cytoplasmic and nuclear CXCR4 are strongly expressed in primary gastric cancer and the cytoplasmic pattern of CXCR4 tends to be associated with a shorter overall survival than nuclear staining. In conclusion, we present evidence for the first time that both cytoplasmic and nuclear expression of CXCR4 are detectable in gastric cancer tissues. However, the role of both cytoplasmic and nuclear CXCR4 needs to be further elucidated.
authors.affiliation: Kurdistan Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Bahram
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nikkhoo
authors.affiliation: Kurdistan Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran ; Kurdistan Liver & Digestive Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1833-4928
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jalili
authors.affiliation: Kurdistan Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Shohreh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fakhari
authors.affiliation: Kurdistan Liver & Digestive Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Farshad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sheikhesmaili
authors.affiliation: Kurdistan Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Fardin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fathi
authors.affiliation: Kurdistan Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Daem
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rooshani
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hoseinpour Feizi
authors.affiliation: Kurdistan Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Mehrnoush
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nikzaban