title: Potentially inappropriate drug use among hospitalised older adults: results from the CRIME study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Beers criteria and screening tool of older person's prescriptions (STOPP) criteria are widely used to assess potentially inappropriate drug use (PIDU).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  the aims of the present study are (i) to assess the prevalence of PIDU based on 2012 Beers criteria and STOPP criteria and (ii) to determine the impact of PIDU, as defined by these criteria, on health outcomes among older in-hospital patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  prospective observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  a total of 871 in-hospital patients participating to the CRIteria to Assess Appropriate Medication Use among Elderly Complex Patients project.
  
  
  METHODS
  outcome measures were (i) adverse drug reactions (ADR); (ii) decline in functional status; (iii) combined outcome (ADR or declined in functional status).
  
  
  RESULTS
  the prevalence of PIDU was 58.4% applying Beers criteria, 50.4% applying STOPP criteria and 75.0% combining both sets of criteria. PIDU defined based on STOPP criteria was significantly associated with ADR [odds ratio (OR) 2.36; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10-5.06], and decline in physical function (OR: 2.00; 95% CI: 1.10-3.64), while, despite a positive trend, no significant association was observed for Beers criteria or the combination of both criteria. The combined outcome was significantly associated with PIDU defined based on Beers (OR: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.06-2.85), STOPP criteria (OR: 2.14; 95% CI: 1.32-3.47) or both (OR 2.02; 95% CI: 1.06-3.84).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PIDU is common in hospitalised older adults and the combination of Beers and STOPP criteria might lead to the identification of a larger number of cases of PIDU than the application of a single set of criteria. STOPP criteria significantly predict all in-hospital outcomes considered, while Beers criteria were significantly associated with the combined outcome only.
authors.affiliation: Centro Medicina Dell'Invecchiamento, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Policlinico A. Gemelli, L.go Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tosato
authors.affiliation: Centro Medicina Dell'Invecchiamento, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Policlinico A. Gemelli, L.go Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Landi
authors.affiliation: Centro Medicina Dell'Invecchiamento, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Policlinico A. Gemelli, L.go Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Martone
authors.affiliation: Geriatrics, Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA), Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cherubini
authors.affiliation: Unit of Geriatric Pharmacoepidemiology, Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA), Cosenza, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Corsonello
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Volpato
authors.affiliation: Centro Medicina Dell'Invecchiamento, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Policlinico A. Gemelli, L.go Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bernabei
authors.affiliation: Centro Medicina Dell'Invecchiamento, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Policlinico A. Gemelli, L.go Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Graziano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Onder
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D011307:Drug Prescriptions; D017723:Drug Utilization Review; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D057970:Inappropriate Prescribing / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007297:Inpatients / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007558:Italy; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010607:Pharmacy Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: adverse drug reactions; disability; in-hospital; inappropriate drug use; older adults; older people