title: Advanced imaging for detection and differentiation of colorectal neoplasia: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  1 ESGE suggests the routine use of high definition white-light endoscopy systems for detecting colorectal neoplasia in average risk populations (weak recommendation, moderate quality evidence). 2 ESGE recommends the routine use of high definition systems and pancolonic conventional or virtual (narrow band imaging [NBI], i-SCAN) chromoendoscopy in patients with known or suspected Lynch syndrome (strong recommendation, low quality evidence). 2b ESGE recommends the routine use of high definition systems and pancolonic conventional or virtual (NBI) chromoendoscopy in patients with known or suspected serrated polyposis syndrome (strong recommendation, low quality evidence). 3 ESGE recommends the routine use of 0.1 % methylene blue or 0.1 % - 0.5 % indigo carmine pancolonic chromoendoscopy with targeted biopsies for neoplasia surveillance in patients with long-standing colitis. In appropriately trained hands, in the situation of quiescent disease activity and adequate bowel preparation, nontargeted, four-quadrant biopsies can be abandoned (strong recommendation, high quality evidence). 4 ESGE suggests that virtual chromoendoscopy (NBI, FICE, i-SCAN) and conventional chromoendoscopy can be used, under strictly controlled conditions, for real-time optical diagnosis of diminutive (≤ 5 mm) colorectal polyps to replace histopathological diagnosis. The optical diagnosis has to be reported using validated scales, must be adequately photodocumented, and can be performed only by experienced endoscopists who are adequately trained and audited (weak recommendation, high quality evidence). 5 ESGE suggests the use of conventional or virtual (NBI) magnified chromoendoscopy to predict the risk of invasive cancer and deep submucosal invasion in lesions such as those with a depressed component (0-IIc according to the Paris classification) or nongranular or mixed-type laterally spreading tumors (weak recommendation, moderate quality evidence).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Advanced imaging techniques will need to be applied in specific patient groups in routine clinical practice and to be taught in endoscopic training programs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical Centre for Postgraduate Education, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Michał F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Kamiński
authors.affiliation: Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Nuovo Regina Margherita Hospital, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Cesare
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Raf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bisschops
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Interventional Endoscopy, Klinikum im Friedrichshain, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pohl
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Institut de Malaties Digestives i Metabòliques, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pellisé
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Evelien
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dekker
authors.affiliation: Wolfson Unit for Endoscopy, St Mark's Hospital, Imperial College London, UK.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ignjatovic-Wilson
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik, St. Mary Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Arthur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Gaius
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Longcroft-Wheaton
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital, CHU Rennes, France.
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Heresbach
authors.affiliation: Gedyt Endoscopy Center, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Jean-Marc
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Dumonceau
authors.affiliation: Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: East
mesh_terms: D003113:Colonoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005060:Europe; D006801:Humans; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness