title: Nasal endoscopic findings and nasal symptoms in patients with asthma: a clinical study from a rhinological perspective.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Allergic rhinitis (AR), non-allergic rhinitis (NAR), chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), and chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) occur frequently in asthmatic patients. We evaluated nasal symptoms and nasal endoscopic findings in patients with asthma and correlated them to asthma severity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects (n=150) with asthma completed questionnaires designed to provide information related to asthma and nasal disease. Patients were divided into four groups based on asthma severity. Pulmonary function tests, skin-prick tests (SPTs) and nasal endoscopy were performed on every patient. Clinical findings were compared in asthma patients by rhinologists.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total incidence of AR, NAR, CRSwNP and CRSsNP in these patients with asthma was 76%. By using Fisher's Exact Test, there was no statistical significance between asthma severity and the incidence of AR, NAR, CRSwNP and CRSsNP (P=0.311). There was a significant difference in the total nasal symptoms score among subjects with different grades of asthma (P=0.002). However, there were no significant differences in the total Lund-Kennedy endoscopic score (LKS) (P=0.736). The nasal endoscopic scores were significantly correlated at a high degree with the nasal symptoms score (P=0.000). A significant correlation was found between the nasal endoscopic score and the duration of asthma in the patients with different grades of asthma (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The relationship between rhinitis and asthma is complex. Nasal airways should become part of standard clinical assessment and follow-up in patients with asthma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Zhuhai Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Zhuhai, China.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China. Electronic address: zhfanyp@163.com.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mi
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Allergy and Cancer Center, Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, and Otorhinolaryngology Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: allergyli@163.com.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001249:Asthma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D018450:Disease Progression; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D009666:Nose / Q000473:pathology*; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D065631:Rhinitis, Allergic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012882:Skin Tests; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Asthma; Clinical study; Nasal endoscopy; Nasal symptoms