title: Glutathione-s-transferase modified electrodes for detecting anticancer drugs.
abstract: With the fast growth of cancer research, new analytical methods are needed to measure anticancer drugs. This is usually accomplished by using sophisticated analytical instruments. Biosensors are attractive candidates for measuring anticancer drugs, but currently few biosensors can achieve this goal. In particular, it is challenging to have a general method to monitor various types of anticancer drugs with different structures. In this work, a biosensor was developed to detect anticancer drugs by modifying carbon paste electrodes with glutathione-s-transferase (GST) enzymes. GST is widely studied in the metabolism of xenobiotics and is a major contributing factor in resistance to anticancer drugs. The measurement of anticancer drugs is based on competition between 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) and the drugs for the GST enzyme in the electrochemical potential at 0.1V vs. Ag/AgCl by square wave voltammetry (SWV) or using a colorimetric method. The sensor shows a detection limit of 8.8μM cisplatin and exhibits relatively long life time in daily measurements.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), 14801-970 Araraquara-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Elsa M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Materon
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1.
authors.forename: Po-Jung
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Jimmy Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), 14801-970 Araraquara-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ademar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), 14801-970 Araraquara-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antonio A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Pupim Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), 14801-970 Araraquara-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Del Pilar Taboada
authors.initials: Mdel P
authors.lastname: Sotomayor
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1. Electronic address: liujw@uwaterloo.ca.
authors.forename: Juewen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D003124:Colorimetry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D003217:Conductometry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D005982:Glutathione Transferase
keywords: Carbon past electrode; Cisplatin; Glutathione; Glutathione-s-transferase