title: Screening for metastatic osteosarcoma biomarkers with a DNA microarray.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to screen for possible biomarkers of metastatic osteosarcoma (OS) using a DNA microarray.
  
  
  METHODS
  We downloaded the gene expression profile GSE49003 from Gene Expression Omnibus database, which included 6 gene chips from metastatic and 6 from non-metastatic OS patients. The R package was used to screen and identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between metastatic and non-metastatic OS patients. Then we compared the expression of DEGs in the two groups and sub-grouped into up-regulated and down-regulated, followed by functional enrichment analysis using the DAVID system. Subsequently, we constructed an miRNA-DEG regulatory network with the help of WebGestalt software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 323 DEGs, including 134 up-regulated and 189 down-regulated, were screened out. The up-regulated DEGs were enriched in 14 subcategories and most significantly in cytoskeleton organization, while the down-regulated DEGs were prevalent in 13 subcategories, especially wound healing. In addition, we identified two important miRNAs (miR-202 and miR-9) pivotal for OS metastasis, and their relevant genes, CALD1 and STX1A.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MiR-202 and miR-9 are potential key factors affecting the metastasis of OS and CALD1 and STX1A may be possible targets beneficial for the treatment of metastatic OS. However, further experimental studies are needed to confirm our results.
authors.affiliation: Traumatic Orthopedic Research, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China E-mail : taoxiao45u@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Chun-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Diao
authors.forename: Hong-Bing
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Yu-Rong
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.forename: Han-Cong
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Li-Hong
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bu
authors.forename: Zhi-Hua
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D002148:Calmodulin-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D060066:Protein Interaction Maps; D050827:Syntaxin 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002148:Calmodulin-Binding Proteins; C569392:MIRN202 microRNA, human; C541874:MIRN92 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs; C494212:STX1A protein, human; D050827:Syntaxin 1