title: Chronic dietary exposure to pyrolytic and petrogenic mixtures of PAHs causes physiological disruption in zebrafish--part I: Survival and growth.
abstract: The release of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) into the environment has increased very substantially over the last decades leading to high concentrations in sediments of contaminated areas. To evaluate the consequences of long-term chronic exposure to PAHs, zebrafish were exposed, from their first meal at 5 days post fertilisation until they became reproducing adults, to diets spiked with three PAH fractions at three environmentally relevant concentrations with the medium concentration being in the range of 4.6-6.7 μg g(-1) for total quantified PAHs including the 16 US-EPA indicator PAHs and alkylated derivatives. The fractions used were representative of PAHs of pyrolytic (PY) origin or of two different oils of differing compositions, a heavy fuel (HO) and a light crude oil (LO). Fish growth was inhibited by all PAH fractions and the effects were sex specific: as determined with 9-month-old adults, exposure to the highest PY inhibited growth of females; exposure to the highest HO and LO inhibited growth of males; also, the highest HO dramatically reduced survival. Morphological analysis indicated a disruption of jaw growth in larvae and malformations in adults. Intestinal and pancreatic enzyme activities were abnormal in 2-month-old exposed fish. These effects may contribute to poor growth. Finally, our results indicate that PAH mixtures of different compositions, representative of situations encountered in the wild, can promote lethal and sublethal effects which are likely to be detrimental for fish recruitment.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Ecotoxicologie, Ifremer, Place Gaby Coll, BP7, 17137, L'Houmeau, France.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vignet
authors.forename: Karyn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Le Menach
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mazurais
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lucas
authors.forename: Prescilla
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Perrichon
authors.forename: Florane
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Le Bihanic
authors.forename: Marie-Hélène
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Devier
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lyphout
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Frère
authors.forename: Marie-Laure
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Bégout
authors.forename: José-Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Zambonino-Infante
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Budzinski
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cousin
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D010578:Petroleum / Q000633:toxicity*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000633:toxicity*; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000254:growth & development*
chemical_list: D010578:Petroleum; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical