title: Degradation of cyanidin-3-rutinoside and formation of protocatechuic acid methyl ester in methanol solution by gamma irradiation.
abstract: Anthocyanins are naturally occurring phenolic compounds having broad biological activities including anti-mutagenesis and anti-carcinogenesis. We studied the effects and the degradation mechanisms of the most common type of anthocyanins, cyanidin-3-rutinoside (cya-3-rut), by using gamma ray. Cya-3-rut in methanol (1mg/ml) was exposed to gamma-rays from 1 to 10kGy. We found that the reddish colour of cya-3-rut in methanol disappeared gradually in a dose-dependent manner and effectively disappeared (>97%) at 10kGy of gamma ray. Concomitantly, a new phenolic compound was generated and identified as a protocatechuic acid methyl ester by liquid chromatography, (1)H, and (13)C NMR. The formation of protocatechuic acid methyl ester increased with increasing irradiation and the amount of protocatechuic acid methyl ester formed by decomposition of cya-3-rut (20μg) at 10kGy of gamma ray was 1.95μg. In addition, the radical-scavenging activities were not affected by gamma irradiation.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Sik
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Herbal Medicinal Pharmacology, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 712-715, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Hoon
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea; Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Iksan 570-080, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Mi
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea; Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Iksan 570-080, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Min Hee
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Herbal Medicinal Pharmacology, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 712-715, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ha Yeong
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: bychung@kaeri.re.kr.
authors.forename: Byung Yeoup
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000737:chemistry*; D005720:Gamma Rays; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000737:chemistry*; D000432:Methanol / Q000737:chemistry*; D010636:Phenols
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D010636:Phenols; C531013:protocatechuic acid methyl ester; C428983:cyanidin 3-rutinoside; D000432:Methanol
keywords: Anthocyanin; Cyanidin-3-rutinoside; Gamma ray; Protocatechuic acid methyl ester