title: Reduction of motion-related artifacts in resting state fMRI using aCompCor.
abstract: Recent studies have illustrated that motion-related artifacts remain in resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) data even after common corrective processing procedures have been applied, but the extent to which head motion distorts the data may be modulated by the corrective approach taken. We compare two different methods for estimating nuisance signals from tissues not expected to exhibit BOLD fMRI signals of neuronal origin: 1) the more commonly used mean signal method and 2) the principal components analysis approach (aCompCor: Behzadi et al., 2007). Further, we investigate the added benefit of "scrubbing" (Power et al., 2012) following both methods. We demonstrate that the use of aCompCor removes motion artifacts more effectively than tissue-mean signal regression. In addition, inclusion of more components from anatomically defined regions of no interest better mitigates motion-related artifacts and improves the specificity of functional connectivity estimates. While scrubbing further attenuates motion-related artifacts when mean signals are used, scrubbing provides no additional benefit in terms of motion artifact reduction or connectivity specificity when using aCompCor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe Street Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Muschelli
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Neurocognitive and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, 716 North Broadway Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans Street Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Electronic address: mb@jhmi.edu.
authors.forename: Mary Beth
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Nebel
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe Street Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
authors.forename: Brian S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Caffo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Neurocognitive and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, 716 North Broadway Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans Street Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
authors.forename: Anita D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Barber
authors.affiliation: The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 601 North Caroline Street Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, 707 North Broadway Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
authors.forename: James J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Pekar
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Neurocognitive and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, 716 North Broadway Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans Street Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans Street Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
authors.forename: Stewart H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Mostofsky
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D016477:Artifacts; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009038:Motion; D009068:Movement; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012984:Software
keywords: Head motion; Nuisance regression; Resting state fMRI; Specificity