title: In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Ankaferd Blood Stopper Against Candida albicans.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Candida albicans is a memeber of the oral flora that can lead to various complications in immunosupresive patients after oral surgery processes. Ankaferd Blood Stopper® (ABS) is a medical plant extract that is safe to use in patients with dental surgery bleedings in Turkey.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The study evaluated the antifungal activity of ABS medicinal plant extract against C albicans using the agar diffusion and broth microdilution methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  The plant extract antifungal activity was assessed in vitro either by applying the ABS extract directly and by applying different concentrations of ABS onto Candida culture. For these experiments, an agar diffusion method was used. To determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), a broth microdilution method was used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Different volumes of the active substance (10, 20, 30, and 40 μL) were applied onto Candida (0.5 McFarland solution) cultivated plate; Candida growth was inhibited in accordance with the volumes of ABS. However, when various dilutions of ABS (1:2, 1:20, 1:40, and 1:80) were added as drops containing 20 μL, no antifungal effects were found. No MIC values were identified using broth microdilution. When different dilutions of ABS containing 100 μL of 0.5 McFarland solution of C albicans were cultured depending on the time (10, 20, 30, and 40 minutes), the effect of the duration was not significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The various tests were carried out to investigate antifungal effects of ABS on Candida, but none were found.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sevgi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ciftci
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fahriye
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Keskin
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Keceli Ozcan
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Erdem
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Burak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cankaya
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Recep
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bingol
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cetin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kasapoglu
keywords: Ankaferd Blood Stopper; Candida; antifungal activity; in vitro