title: Whole-body vibration combined with extra-load training for enhancing the strength and speed of track and field athletes.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether whole-body vibration (WBV) combined with extra-load training can enhance the strength and speed of trained athletes compared with isolated WBV training or loaded training (LT) only. Twenty-one elite male track and field athletes were randomly assigned to a loaded vibration (LV) training group (n = 7), an unloaded vibration (ULV) training group (n = 7), and a LT group (n = 7). During 4 weeks of training, the LV group received the vibration stimulus (30 Hz and 4 mm) accompanied by a load comprising 75% of the maximum voluntary contraction (MVC), the ULV group received the same vibration stimulus without any load, and the LT group received only a load of 75% MVC without any vibration stimulus. The knee extensor isometric strength, and the concentric and eccentric strength were measured using an isokinetic dynamometer at 300°·s at a 30-m sprint speed before and after the training period. A 2-way mixed analysis of variance (time × group) was used to analyze the differences. Significant time × group interactions were observed for all the dependent variables (p ≤ 0.05). Regarding the post hoc analysis results, the LV group exhibited significant improvements for all the dependent variables after training (p ≤ 0.05), whereas the ULV group exhibited significantly reduced sprint speeds (p ≤ 0.05). The LV group demonstrated significantly superior eccentric strength compared with the ULV and LT groups after training (p ≤ 0.05), and the LV group also produced significantly superior sprint speeds compared with the ULV group after training (p ≤ 0.05). Vibration combined with extra-load training for 4 weeks significantly increased the muscle strength and speed of the elite male track and field athletes.
authors.affiliation: 1Division of Physical Education, National Jhuolan Experimental Senior High School, Taichung, Taiwan; 2Graduate Institute of Sports Equipment Technology, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan; 3Graduate Institute of Physical Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan; 4Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; and 5Department of Athletic Performance, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsiang-Hsin
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wei-Han
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chiang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Wen-Wen
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Mao-Ying
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Tzyy-Yuang
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Shiang
mesh_terms: D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000502:physiology; D035002:Lower Extremity; D008297:Male; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology; D014142:Track and Field / Q000502:physiology*; D014732:Vibration; D016474:Weight-Bearing; D055815:Young Adult