title: Exposure of mice to atrazine and its metabolite diaminochlorotriazine elicits oxidative stress and endocrine disruption.
abstract: Effects of atrazine (ATZ) and its metabolite diaminochlorotriazine (DACT) on the induction of oxidative stress and endocrine disruption were studied in mice. Body and liver weights decreased in all ATZ and DACT treated groups. Hepatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased significantly after 1 week of intraperitoneal injection of 200 mg/kg ATZ, 100 and 200 mg/kg DACT. Hepatic activities of catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were also affected by the treatment with 200 mg/kg DACT. In serum, the glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and GST activities and glutathione (GSH) content decreased significantly in the 200 mg/kg DACT treated group. Moreover, the administration of ATZ and DACT decreased the transcription levels of key genes related to cholesterol transport and testosterone (T) synthesis including scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-B1), cytochrome P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc) and cytochrome P450 17α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (P450 17α) in testes. Furthermore, the treatment with 200 mg/kg DACT significantly decreased the serum and testicular T levels, while the treatment with 200 mg/kg ATZ significantly decreased the testicular T levels. The results indicated that the acute exposure to ATZ and DACT induced oxidative stress and endocrine disruption in mice, and DACT showed much more toxic than ATZ did.
authors.affiliation: College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
authors.forename: Yuanxiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
authors.forename: Linggang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
authors.forename: Guanliang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
authors.forename: Xiaojian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
authors.forename: Wenyu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.affiliation: College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China. Electronic address: azwfu@zjut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhengwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001280:Atrazine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002374:Catalase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D002786:Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme / Q000235:genetics; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000633:toxicity*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D006540:Herbicides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051122:Scavenger Receptors, Class B / Q000235:genetics; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase / Q000235:genetics; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D013737:Testis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013739:Testosterone / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D006540:Herbicides; C454739:Scarb1 protein, mouse; D051122:Scavenger Receptors, Class B; C526766:diaminochlorotriazine; D013739:Testosterone; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase; D002786:Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione; D001280:Atrazine
keywords: Atrazine; Diaminochlorotriazine; Endocrine disruption; Mice; Oxidative stress