title: The relation of diet with PAF and its metabolic enzymes in healthy volunteers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Platelet-activating factor (PAF), a potent inflammatory mediator, is implicated in atherosclerosis. Its key biosynthetic enzymes are lyso-PAF acetyltransferases (lyso-PAF-AT), responsible for PAF synthesis through the remodeling route and a specific CDP-choline:1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol cholinephosphotransferase (PAF-CPT), responsible for its de novo biosynthesis. PAF acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) and its extracellular isoform lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A₂ catabolize PAF. The impact of diet on PAF metabolism is ill-defined. The aim was to investigate associations between PAF, its enzymes and dietary factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  One-hundred and six (n = 106) healthy volunteers were recruited. Food-frequency questionnaires, dietary recalls, lifestyle and biochemical variables were collected. Food groups, macronutrient intake, a priori (MedDietScore) and a posteriori defined food patterns with PCA analysis, dietary antioxidant capacity (DAC), glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PAF was inversely correlated with antioxidant-rich foods (herbal drinks and coffee), the DAC as well as a dietary pattern characterized by legumes, vegetables, poultry and fish (all Ps < 0.05). PAF was positively correlated to % fat intake. Lyso-PAF-AT was also negatively associated with healthy patterns (fruits, nuts and herbal drinks, and a pattern rich in olive oil and whole-wheat products), as well as the DAC and % monounsaturated fatty acids. PAF-CPT was negatively associated with GI and coffee intake and positively with dietary cholesterol. PAF-AH was negatively associated with coffee and positively associated with alcohol consumption (all Ps < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, the DAC and healthy dietary patterns were inversely associated with PAF or its biosynthetic enzymes, suggesting potential new mechanisms of the diet-disease associations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Street, 17671, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Detopoulou
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fragopoulou
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nomikos
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yannakoulia
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stamatakis
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Panagiotakos
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Antonopoulou
mesh_terms: D043203:1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D000123:Acetyltransferases / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D002798:Diacylglycerol Cholinephosphotransferase / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D038321:Glycemic Index; D006115:Greece / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012306:Risk; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor; D000123:Acetyltransferases; C046035:1-alkylglycerophosphocholine acetyltransferase; D002798:Diacylglycerol Cholinephosphotransferase; D043203:1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase