title: Flavonoid Determination in the Quality Control of Floral Bioresidues from Crocus sativus L.
abstract: A high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection method (HPLC-DAD) was validated for the analysis of floral bioresidues obtained in saffron spice production by using three different solvent mixtures [water/hydrochloric acid (HCl) (100:1, v/v), water/acetonitrile/trifluoroacetic acid (47:50:3, v/v/v), and water/acetonitrile/HCl (50:50:1, v/v/v)]. Fifteen phenolic compounds were tentatively identified, kaempferol 3-O-sophoroside and delphinidin 3,5-di-O-glucoside being the main ones. The extracts showed very different phenolic profiles obtained by HPLC-DAD coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MSn), and several experiments were carried out to explain this. The use of acetonitrile as solvent causes the chromatographic splitting of the peak of the delphinidin 3,5-di-O-glucoside into two peaks. Results obtained in this paper show that the extract prepared with water/HCl (100:1, v/v) would be the best suited for determining phenolic compounds in the quality control of the floral bioresidues from Crocus sativus L.
authors.affiliation: Cátedra de Quı́mica Agrı́cola, ETSI Agrónomos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , Campus Universitario, 02071 Albacete, Spain.|Food Technology, Nutrition and Food Science Department, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia University , 30100 Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Jéssica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Serrano-Díaz
authors.affiliation: Institut für Lebensmittelchemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig , 38106 Braunschweig, Schleinitzstrasse 20, Germany.|Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolás Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Food Technology, Nutrition and Food Science Department, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia University , 30100 Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martínez-Tomé
authors.affiliation: Institut für Lebensmittelchemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig , 38106 Braunschweig, Schleinitzstrasse 20, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Winterhalter
authors.affiliation: Cátedra de Quı́mica Agrı́cola, ETSI Agrónomos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , Campus Universitario, 02071 Albacete, Spain.
authors.forename: Gonzalo L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Alonso
keywords: Crocus sativus L.; delphinidin 3,5-di-O-glucoside; flower waste; kaempferol 3-O-sophoroside; quality control; validation