title: Hospices' use of electronic medical records for quality assessment and performance improvement programs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Electronic medical records (EMRs) are increasingly viewed as essential tools for quality assurance and improvement in many care settings, but little is known about the use of EMRs by hospices in their quality assessment and performance improvement (QAPI) programs.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the data sources hospices use to create quality indicators (QIs) used in their QAPI programs and to examine the domains of EMR-based QIs.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used self-reported QIs (description, numerator, and denominator) from 911 hospices nationwide that participated in the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services nationwide hospice voluntary reporting period. The data reflected QIs that hospices used for their internal QAPI programs between October 1 and December 31, 2011. We used the primary data sources for QIs reported by hospices and analyzed EMR-based QIs in terms of the quality domains and themes addressed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  EMRs were the most frequent data source for the QIs reported, followed by family survey and paper medical record. Physical symptom management was the largest quality domain--included in 51.5% of the reported EMR-based QIs--followed by patient safety and structure and process of care.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most participating hospices use EMRs for retrieving items needed for QI calculations. EMR-based QIs address various quality domains and themes. Our findings present opportunities for potential future reporting of EMR-based quality data.
authors.affiliation: Division of Health Services and Social Policy Research, RTI International, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA. Electronic address: ntzheng@rti.org.
authors.forename: Nan Tracy
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Division of Health Services and Social Policy Research, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: Franziska S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Rokoske
authors.affiliation: Division of Health Services and Social Policy Research, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: M Alexis
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kirk
authors.affiliation: Division of Health Services and Social Policy Research, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: Brieanne
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lyda-McDonald
authors.affiliation: Division of Health Services and Social Policy Research, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: Shulamit L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Bernard
mesh_terms: D057286:Electronic Health Records / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055991:Health Records, Personal; D006738:Hospices / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016247:Information Storage and Retrieval / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D062527:Meaningful Use / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D058996:Quality Improvement / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States
keywords: Electronic medical record; electronic health record; hospice quality indicators; quality reporting