title: Phenolic composition, DNA damage protective activity and hepatoprotective effect of free phenolic extract from Sphallerocarpus gracilis seeds.
abstract: The phenolic composition of the free phenolic extract from Sphallerocarpus gracilis seeds was analyzed by HPLC-MS and predominant compounds were chlorogenic acid, di-caffeoylquinic acid glucoside and luteolin-7-O-glucoside. The free phenolic extract was evaluated for DNA damage protective activity induced by ROO and OH radicals and hepatoprotective effect in vivo and in vitro. Results revealed that the free phenolic extract exhibited significant protective activity against both ROO and OH radical-induced DNA damage and the phenolic extract exerted more potent inhibitory activity against OH radical-induced damage than against that induced by ROO radicals. In vivo experimental results showed that the phenolic extract significantly prevented the increase of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities and hepatic malondialdehyde level caused by CCl4 in rats, and markedly increased hepatic superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase levels. Histopathological examinations further confirmed that the phenolic extract could protect the liver from CCl4-induced damage. In vitro experimental results showed that the phenolic extract could reduce BRL hepatocyte apoptosis and damage induced by CCl4. These findings indicate that the S. gracilis seed could be developed as a medicinal herb for the therapy and prevention of hepatic injury.
authors.affiliation: College of Public Health, Dali University, Dali 671000, China.
authors.forename: Chun-yan
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
authors.forename: Cheng-rui
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
authors.forename: Run-guang
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Agronomy and Biological Science, Dali University, Dali 671003, China. Electronic address: lyhbeibei@163.com.
authors.forename: Yue-hong
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000378:metabolism; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D019661:Apiaceae; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D010545:Peroxides; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D013154:Spleen / Q000187:drug effects; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010545:Peroxides; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D020011:Protective Agents; C049375:perhydroxyl radical; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase
keywords: Hepatoprotective effect; Oxidative DNA damage; Phenolic composition; Sphallerocarpus gracilis seeds