title: Insecticidal Activity of Some Traditionally Used Ethiopian Medicinal Plants against Sheep Ked Melophagus ovinus.
abstract: Twelve medicinal plants and a commercially used drug Ivermectin were examined for insecticidal activity against Melophagus ovinus sheep ked at different time intervals using in vitro adult immersion test. The findings show that at 3.13 µL/mL, 6.25 µL/mL and 12.5 µL/mL concentration of Cymbopogon citratus, Foeniculum vulgare and Eucalyptus globulus essential oils respectively, recorded 100% mortalities against M. ovinus within 3 hour of exposure. Significantly higher insecticidal activity of essential oils was recorded (P = 0.00) when compared to 10  μ g/mL Ivermectin after 3-hour exposure of M. ovinus at a concentration of ≥1.57  μ L/mL, ≥3  μ L/mL, and ≥12.7  μ L/mL essential oils of C. citratus, F. vulgare, and E. globulus, respectively. Among essential oils, C. citratus has showed superior potency at a three-hour exposure of the parasite (P = 0.00) at a concentration of ≥0.78  μ L/mL. Strong antiparasitic activity was recorded by aqueous extract of Calpurnia aurea (80% mortality) at a concentration of 200 mg/mL within 24 h among aqueous extracts of 9 medicinal plants. The results indicated all the four medicinal plants, particularly those tested essential oils, can be considered as potential candidates for biocontrol of M. ovinus sheep ked.
authors.affiliation: Traditional and Modern Medicine Research Directorate, Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute, P.O. Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Negero
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3153-4860
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gemeda
authors.affiliation: Traditional and Modern Medicine Research Directorate, Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute, P.O. Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Walelegn
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mokonnen
authors.affiliation: Traditional and Modern Medicine Research Directorate, Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute, P.O. Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Hirut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lemma
authors.affiliation: Traditional and Modern Medicine Research Directorate, Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute, P.O. Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Ashenif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tadele
authors.affiliation: Traditional and Modern Medicine Research Directorate, Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute, P.O. Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Kelbessa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Urga
authors.affiliation: Traditional and Modern Medicine Research Directorate, Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute, P.O. Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Getachew
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Addis
authors.affiliation: Traditional and Modern Medicine Research Directorate, Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute, P.O. Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Asfaw
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Debella
authors.affiliation: Traditional and Modern Medicine Research Directorate, Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute, P.O. Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Mesaye
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Getachew
authors.affiliation: Traditional and Modern Medicine Research Directorate, Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute, P.O. Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Frehiwot
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Teka
authors.affiliation: Traditional and Modern Medicine Research Directorate, Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute, P.O. Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Kidist
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yirsaw
authors.affiliation: Traditional and Modern Medicine Research Directorate, Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute, P.O. Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Kissi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mudie
authors.affiliation: National Animal Health Diagnostic and Investigation Center, P.O. Box 04, Sebeta, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Solomon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gebre