title: Penicillium marneffei infection within an osteolytic lesion in an HIV-negative patient.
abstract: Penicillium marneffei is a thermally dimorphic pathogenic fungus that causes systemic infection similar to disseminated cryptococcosis. P. marneffei is endemic in Southeast Asia, usually infecting HIV-infected individuals; infection of HIV-negative individuals is extremely rare. Here, we describe a disseminated P. marneffei infection within an osteolytic lesion in an HIV-negative patient. A 40-year-old Chinese woman presented with intermittent fever, generalized lymphadenopathy, and a skin rash. Following a sternum biopsy, the patient was diagnosed with P. marneffei infection. An emission computed tomography bone scan revealed the presence of increased radioactivity in the left clavicle and sternum, indicative of an osteolytic lesion. In addition to reporting this very rare case, we also present a brief review of the literature, highlighting the differences in clinical manifestations between HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients infected with P. marneffei as it applies to our case.
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: Guang-nan
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Respiratory Medicine, The Central Hospital of Xiangtan City, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Juan-shu
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-ning
authors.initials: XN
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: Jian-quan
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA.
authors.forename: Zhao-xia
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: Mei-ling
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: Jing-min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: Mei-hua
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: Cong-zheng
authors.initials: CZ
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China. Electronic address: zhiyi-he@163.com.
authors.forename: Zhi-yi
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001210:Asia, Southeastern; D044466:Asian People; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections; D006801:Humans; D009181:Mycoses / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D010014:Osteolysis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D010407:Penicillium / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000666:Amphotericin B
keywords: Osteolytic lesion; Penicilliosis marneffei; Penicillium marneffei