title: Large pulmonary arteriovenous malformations: long-term results of embolization with AMPLATZER vascular plugs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the long-term results of endovascular treatment of large pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) using the AMPLATZER vascular plug (AVP; AGA Medical Corp, Golden Valley, Minnesota).
  
  
  METHODS
  Between May 2007 and April 2011, 18 patients with 24 large PAVMs, defined as PAVMs that had a feeding artery with a diameter of ≥ 8 mm, were treated with AVP I or AVP II. A single AVP device was used for each PAVM. Aneurysmal sac diameters, sac perfusion, sac shrinkage, and complete resolution before and after the intervention were analyzed. Complete histories, laboratory values, physical examinations, and multidetector computed tomography images were reviewed. The mean occlusion time for AVP I and AVP II and the mean arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) before and after the intervention were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean diameter of the feeding artery was 11.46 mm ± 2.18 (range, 8-13.3 mm). The mean occlusion time was 7.34 minutes ± 1.23 for AVP I and 6.25 minutes ± 1.12 for AVP II (P = .11). The mean SaO2 before and after the intervention was 63.71% ± 8.10% (range, 51%-76%) and 96.28% ± 0.49% (range, 96%-97%), respectively (P = .045). No major periprocedural complications were observed. The mean follow-up duration was 36.33 months ± 10.63 (range, 28-56 mo). During the follow-up period, there were no persistent sac perfusions, migration of the AVPs, major complications, or recanalizations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment of large PAVMs with AVPs is an effective method for obtaining excellent long-term results. Embolization of large feeding arteries can be accomplished with AVPs without major complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Turkiye Yuksek Ihtisas Hospital, Sihhiye 06100 Ankara Turkey. Electronic address: fkucukay@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Fahrettin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kucukay
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Turkiye Yuksek Ihtisas Hospital, Sihhiye 06100 Ankara Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Özdemir
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Turkiye Yuksek Ihtisas Hospital, Sihhiye 06100 Ankara Turkey.
authors.forename: Eyüp
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Şenol
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Turkiye Yuksek Ihtisas Hospital, Sihhiye 06100 Ankara Turkey.
authors.forename: Sarper
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okten
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Turkiye Yuksek Ihtisas Hospital, Sihhiye 06100 Ankara Turkey.
authors.forename: Melih
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ereren
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Turkiye Yuksek Ihtisas Hospital, Sihhiye 06100 Ankara Turkey.
authors.forename: Adnan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D001165:Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061330:Multidetector Computed Tomography; D010092:Oximetry; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010690:Phlebography / Q000379:methods; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011667:Pulmonary Veins / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D010100:Oxygen