title: Synthesis and spectral characterization of silver/magnesium co-substituted hydroxyapatite for biomedical applications.
abstract: The present work is aimed at the synthesis of antibacterial and bioactive silver/magnesium co-substituted hydroxyapatite (Ag/Mg-HAP) powders. For this purpose, firstly, different concentrations (0.5, 1.5, 2.5wt.%) of silver substituted HAP (Ag-HAP) powders were prepared by ultrasonic irradiation technique and were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). Secondly, magnesium (Mg) is co-substituted as secondary material into Ag-HAP to offset the potential cytotoxicity of Ag, as higher concentration of Ag is toxic. The antibacterial activity of as-synthesized powders was evaluated by Escherichia coli (E. coli) and was found to be effectively high against bacterial colonization. Also, the in vitro cell-material interaction is evaluated with human osteosarcoma MG63 (HOS MG63) cells for cell proliferation. The results showed the evidence of cytotoxic effects of the higher concentration of Ag-HAP characterized by poor cellular viability whereas, Ag/Mg-HAP showed better cell viability indicating that co-substitution of Mg in Ag-HAP effectively offset the negative effects of Ag and improve performance compared with pure HAP. Thus, the as synthesized Ag/Mg-HAP will serve as a better candidate for biomedical applications with good antibacterial property and bone bonding ability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Periyar University, Salem 636011, Tamil Nadu, India; Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Periyar University, Salem 636011, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: dhanaraj_gopi@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gopi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Periyar University, Salem 636011, Tamil Nadu, India; Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Periyar University, Salem 636011, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shinyjoy
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur 610 004, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: louiskavitha@yahoo.co.in.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kavitha
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D017886:Durapatite / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000254:growth & development*; D006801:Humans; D008274:Magnesium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001843:Bone Cements; D012834:Silver; D017886:Durapatite; D008274:Magnesium
keywords: Antibacterial activity; Biomedical applications; Hydroxyapatite