title: Transvenous pacemaker lead removal in pacemaker lead endocarditis with large vegetations: a report of two cases.
abstract: Pacemaker lead endocarditis is treated with total removal of the infected device and proper antibiotics. The outcomes of patients undergoing percutaneous lead extraction for large vegetations (>2 cm) have not yet been shown. In this case report, we present two patients with pacemaker lead endocarditis with large vegetations of maximum diameter 2.4 cm and 3.2 cm. The first patient had multiple vegetations attached to the tricuspid and mitral valves and developed septic emboli to the brain, lung, and liver. The second patient had a large, persistent vegetation on the tricuspid valve, even two weeks after complete removal of the leads. Both patients were successfully treated with transvenous pacemaker lead removal and antibiotics.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyunsoo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Mihyun
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Sun
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Uhm
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hui-Nam
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Pak
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Moon-Hyoung
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Boyoung
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Joung
keywords: Cardiac pacemaker, artificial; Endocarditis