title: Multi-scale carbon micro/nanofibers-based adsorbents for protein immobilization.
abstract: In the present study, different proteins, namely, bovine serum albumin (BSA), glucose oxidase (GOx) and the laboratory purified YqeH were immobilized in the phenolic resin precursor-based multi-scale web of activated carbon microfibers (ACFs) and carbon nanofibers (CNFs). These biomolecules are characteristically different from each other, having different structure, number of parent amino acid molecules and isoelectric point. CNF was grown on ACF substrate by chemical vapor deposition, using Ni nanoparticles (Nps) as the catalyst. The ultra-sonication of the CNFs was carried out in acidic medium to remove Ni Nps from the tip of the CNFs to provide additional active sites for adsorption. The prepared material was directly used as an adsorbent for proteins, without requiring any additional treatment. Several analytical techniques were used to characterize the prepared materials, including scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, BET surface area, pore-size distribution, and UV-vis spectroscopy. The adsorption capacities of prepared ACFs/CNFs in this study were determined to be approximately 191, 39 and 70 mg/g for BSA, GOx and YqeH, respectively, revealing that the carbon micro-nanofibers forming synthesized multi-scale web are efficient materials for the immobilization of protein molecules.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India.
authors.forename: Shiv
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India.
authors.forename: Abhinav
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India.
authors.forename: Vaibhav Sushil Singh
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Bais
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India.
authors.forename: Balaji
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Prakash
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India; Center for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India. Electronic address: nishith@iitk.ac.in.
authors.forename: Nishith
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Verma
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D002417:Cattle; D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry; D005949:Glucose Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D055767:Immobilized Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000737:chemistry; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000378:metabolism; D013010:Sonication; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D055767:Immobilized Proteins; D002606:Charcoal; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D002244:Carbon; D009532:Nickel; D005949:Glucose Oxidase; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: Activated carbon fiber; Adsorption; Bovine serum albumin; Carbon nanofiber; Glucose oxidase; Immobilization