title: Mechanisms of radiation-induced sensorineural hearing loss and radioprotection.
abstract: Patients that receive radiotherapy are at risk of late sensorineural hearing loss when the inner ear is included within the radiation field. Preclinical and human temporal bone studies have shown that there is differential damage to cochlear structures depending on the amount of dose delivered to the inner ear. In vitro studies have suggested that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the main initial actors in radiation-induced damage. The interaction of ROS with different cellular components can result in different apoptotic pathways. Therefore, approaches to radioprotection are mainly aimed to reduce ROS production through antioxidants. This review summarizes recent research in the field that can improve the understanding and boost preventive efforts of this adverse effect.
authors.affiliation: McGill Auditory Sciences Laboratory, Montréal, QC H3H1P3, Canada; Department of Otolaryngology, The Montreal Children's Hospital, Montréal, QC, Canada. Electronic address: mario.mujicamota@mail.mcgill.ca.
authors.forename: Mario A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mujica-Mota
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Montreal General Hospital, Montréal, QC H3H1A4, Canada. Electronic address: shirley.lehnert@mcgill.ca.
authors.forename: Shirley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lehnert
authors.affiliation: Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Radiation Oncology, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, QC H3T1E2, Canada. Electronic address: slobodan.devic@mcgill.ca.
authors.forename: Slobodan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Devic
authors.affiliation: McGill Auditory Sciences Laboratory, Montréal, QC H3H1P3, Canada. Electronic address: karina.gasbarrino@mail.mcgill.ca.
authors.forename: Karina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gasbarrino
authors.affiliation: McGill Auditory Sciences Laboratory, Montréal, QC H3H1P3, Canada; Department of Otolaryngology, The Montreal Children's Hospital, Montréal, QC, Canada. Electronic address: sam.daniel@mcgill.ca.
authors.forename: Sam J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Daniel
mesh_terms: D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents