title: Feasibility and oncologic control after percutaneous image guided ablation of metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assessed the safety, local control and oncologic efficacy of percutaneous ablation in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review was performed of 61 patients who underwent 74 ablation procedures to treat 82 metastatic renal cell carcinoma lesions with the intent of local eradication. Technical success, local tumor control, complications and patient survival were analyzed according to standard criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four (4.9%) technical failures were observed while 2 patients were lost to followup. Time to recurrence was assessed for the subset of 76 (93%) tumors that were followed after ablation. Six (of 76, 7.9%) tumors recurred at a mean of 1.6 years after ablation (median 1.4, range 0.6 to 2.9). Thus, known overall local tumor control was achieved in 70 of 80 (87.5%) tumors. Estimated local recurrence-free survival rates (95% CI, number still at risk) at 1, 2 and 3 years after ablation were 94% (88-100, 41), 94% (88-100, 32) and 83% (70-97, 17), respectively. Estimated overall survival rates (95% CI, number still at risk) at 1, 2 and 3 years after ablation were 87% (79-97, 42), 83% (73-94, 31) and 76% (63-90, 19), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Image guided ablation of metastatic renal cell carcinoma is a relatively safe procedure with acceptable local control rates. Ablation may offer patients a minimally invasive option of local tumor eradication and warrants a role in the multimodal treatment approach for select patients.
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Brian T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Welch
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Matthew R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Callstrom
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Jonathan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Anil N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Kurup
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Grant D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Schmit
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Adam J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Weisbrod
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Christine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Lohse
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Manish
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kohli
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Brian A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Costello
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Kenneth R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Olivier
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: R Houston
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Stephen A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Boorjian
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. Electronic address: atwell.thomas@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Thomas D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Atwell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted; D015996:Survival Rate
keywords: ablation techniques; carcinoma; neoplasm metastasis; renal cell