title: Risk factors for 30-day perioperative complications after Le Fort colpocleisis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We identified rates of and risk factors for complications after colpocleisis using the American College of Surgeons NSQIP® database.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women treated with Le Fort colpocleisis from 2005 to 2011 were identified in the database. Primary outcomes were 30-day complication rates. Secondary outcomes were risk factors for complications and the impact of age and a concomitant sling on morbidity. Clinical and procedural characteristics were compared using the chi-square test and 1-way ANOVA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 283 women, of whom 23 (8.1%) experienced complications. The most common complication was urinary tract infection in 18 women (6.4%). There was 1 death for a 0.4% mortality rate. Increased complications were associated with age less than 75 years (p = 0.03), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (p = 0.03), hemiplegia (p = 0.03), disseminated cancer (p = 0.03) and open wound infection (p = 0.02). Six patients (2.1%) required return to the operating room within 30 days. Complication rates did not differ based on operative time (p = 0.78), inpatient status (p = 0.24), resident involvement (p = 0.35), concomitant sling placement (p = 0.81) or anesthesia type (p = 0.27). Women undergoing colpocleisis without (191) and with (92) a sling had similar baseline characteristics. Colpocleisis without and with a sling had similar rates of complications (7.9% vs 8.7%, p = 0.81), urinary tract infection (5.8% vs 7.6%, p = 0.55), return to the operating room (2.1% vs 2.2%, p = 0.97) and mortality (0% vs 1.1%, p = 0.15).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mortality and complication rates after colpocleisis are low with urinary tract infection being the most common postoperative complication. Concomitant sling placement does not increase 30-day complication rates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Tatiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Catanzarite
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Aksharananda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rambachan
authors.affiliation: Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Margaret G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Matthew A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pilecki
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: John Y S
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Kimberly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kenton
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014596:Uterine Prolapse / Q000601:surgery*; D014621:Vagina / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: aged; gynecologic surgical procedures; postoperative complications; urinary tract; uterine prolapse