title: Electromagnetic fields promote osteogenesis of rat mesenchymal stem cells through the PKA and ERK1/2 pathways.
abstract: It has been reported that electromagnetic fields (EMFs) can promote the healing of non-union, osteogenesis and differentiation of the osteoblasts. However, its mechanism has not been unravelled. In this study, we detected some response induced by EMF and evaluated the importance of these signals for EMF-induced osteogenesis in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We characterized the expression of EMF-induced osteogenesis markers in MSCs, using RT-PCR and real-time PCR. Western blot was used to detect the signalling pathways. We found that EMF could promote osteogenesis in MSCs, along with the expression of several osteogenic markers. EMF-induced cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) level increase causes protein kinase A (PKA) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 phosphorylation. Pretreating the MSCs with the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2) inhibitor PD98059, or the PKA inhibitor H-89, significantly inhibited the induction of osteogenic markers, showing that EMF induction of osteogenesis was dependent on the ERK and PKA signalling pathways. Therefore, our study showed that EMF promoted MSC osteogenesis and that the EMF-induced osteogenic markers were mediated by both the PKA and MAPK signalling pathways. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yong
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhao Dong
authors.initials: ZD
authors.lastname: Ming
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Optical Valley School District, Hubei Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Engineering, Navy University of Engineering, Wuhan of Hubei province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhao Wen
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, People's Republic of China. wuhua360@yahoo.com.cn.
authors.forename: Wu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hua
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D007546:Isoquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010012:Osteogenesis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D005419:Flavonoids; D007546:Isoquinolines; D013449:Sulfonamides; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; C063509:N-(2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
keywords: ERK1/2; MSCs; cAMP; electromagnetic fields (EMF); osteogenesis; protein kinase A (PKA)