title: Melanoma immunotherapy.
abstract: Immunotherapy is a cornerstone in the treatment of melanoma, and is intended to modulate the host immunity against the tumor. Immunotherapy can be used in an adjuvant setting, after complete surgical excision in patients with a high risk of disease relapse and as a treatment in advanced (unresectable or metastatic) stages. Development of novel therapeutic approaches and the optimization of existing therapies hold a great promise in the field of melanoma therapy research. Different clinical trials are ongoing, and immunotherapy is showing the ability to confirm durable clinical benefits in selected groups of melanoma patients. The aim of this review is to summarize different types of immunotherapy agents, as well as to discuss different strategies, complementary regimens, and possible biomarkers of response to the treatment.
authors.affiliation: University of California San Francisco; San Francisco, CA USA; Department of Medical Sciences; Section of Dermatology; University of Turin; Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanlorenzo
authors.affiliation: University of California San Francisco; San Francisco, CA USA; The Rudolfstiftung Hospital; Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vujic
authors.affiliation: University of California San Francisco; San Francisco, CA USA; The Rudolfstiftung Hospital; Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Posch
authors.affiliation: University of California San Francisco; San Francisco, CA USA.
authors.forename: Akshay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dajee
authors.affiliation: University of California San Francisco; San Francisco, CA USA.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yen
authors.affiliation: University of California San Francisco; San Francisco, CA USA.
authors.forename: Sarasa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: University of California San Francisco; San Francisco, CA USA.
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ashworth
authors.affiliation: University of California San Francisco; San Francisco, CA USA.
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Rosenblum
authors.affiliation: University of California San Francisco; San Francisco, CA USA.
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Algazi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences; Section of Dermatology; University of Turin; Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Osella-Abate
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences; Section of Dermatology; University of Turin; Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Quaglino
authors.affiliation: University of California San Francisco; San Francisco, CA USA.
authors.forename: Adil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Daud
authors.affiliation: University of California San Francisco; San Francisco, CA USA.
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ortiz-Urda
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016233:Immunotherapy, Active; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive; D008545:Melanoma / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D007155:Immunologic Factors
keywords: CTLA-4; PD-1; anti-PD-1; immunoprofiling; interferons; interleukins; ipilimumab