title: Association of vegetables and fruits consumption with sarcopenia in older adults: the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  several studies have found nutrients, including antioxidants, to be associated with sarcopenia. However, whether specific foods, such as vegetables and fruits, are associated with sarcopenia has not been studied.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  to examine the association of the frequency of vegetables and fruits consumption with sarcopenia in older people.
  
  
  METHODS
  this study used cross-sectional data from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2008-09. Subjects were community-dwelling 823 men and 1,089 women aged ≥65 years. Frequency of food group consumption was obtained by using the food frequency questionnaire. Body composition was measured with the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and sarcopenia was defined as appendicular lean mass adjusted for height and fat mass. Logistic regression was used to assess the association of the frequency of food group consumption with sarcopenia, controlling for sociodemographics and health-related variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  dietary intake of vegetables, fruits and both vegetables and fruits was associated with a significantly reduced risk of sarcopenia after controlling for covariates in men (P = 0.026 for trend, P = 0.012 for trend, P = 0.003 for trend, respectively). Men in the highest quintile, compared with those in the lowest quintile, of vegetables [odds ratio (OR) = 0.48; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.24-0.95], fruits (OR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.13-0.70) and vegetables and fruits consumption (OR = 0.32; 95% CI: 0.16-0.67) demonstrated a lower risk of sarcopenia. In women, high consumption of fruits demonstrated a lower risk of sarcopenia (OR = 0.39; 95% CI: 0.18-0.83).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  frequent vegetables and fruits consumption was inversely associated with sarcopenia in older adults.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, 164 World cup-ro, Youngtong-gu, Suwon 443-380, Suwon, Republic of Korea Institute on Aging, Ajou University Medical Center, 164 World cup-ro, Youngtong-gu, Suwon 443-380, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jinhee
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, 164 World cup-ro, Youngtong-gu, Suwon 443-380, Suwon, Republic of Korea Institute on Aging, Ajou University Medical Center, 164 World cup-ro, Youngtong-gu, Suwon 443-380, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yunhwan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, 164 World cup-ro, Youngtong-gu, Suwon 443-380, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seunghee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kye
authors.affiliation: Institute on Aging, Ajou University Medical Center, 164 World cup-ro, Youngtong-gu, Suwon 443-380, Republic of Korea Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yoon-Sok
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Institute on Aging, Ajou University Medical Center, 164 World cup-ro, Youngtong-gu, Suwon 443-380, Republic of Korea Department of Family Practice and Community Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kwang-Min
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging; D001823:Body Composition; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D016017:Odds Ratio; D065840:Protective Factors; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D055948:Sarcopenia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014675:Vegetables
keywords: aged; diet; fruits; older people; sarcopenia; vegetables