title: Effects of tissue plasminogen activator in experimentally induced peritonitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We aimed to evaluate the microbiological and immunological effects of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in a rat model of peritonitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four male Wistar albino rats were divided equally into three groups. Peritonitis and thereafter laparotomy and partial omentectomy were performed in all rats. The control group (C) had no further treatment. The antibiotics group (A) received metronidazole and ceftriaxone. The antibiotic and tPA group (A+T) received the same antibiotics as well as tPA. For microbiological and immunological analysis, blood samples were obtained at the 24th hour, and peritoneal fluid samples were obtained at the 24th and 72nd hours. On the fifth day after surgery, all rats were sacrificed, and the macroscopic findings of the peritoneal cavity were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean number of intraperitoneal abscesses was significantly higher in the control group and the lowest in the two treatment group (A+T). The levels of cytokines were not significantly different between groups. Giving tPA reduced the number and sizes of the abscesses with no significant difference in inflammatory response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this experimental peritonitis model, it can be postulated that tPA decreased abscess formation without exaggerating the inflammatory response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey. basakerginel@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Başak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Erginel
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Lütfiye
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Oksüz
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, İstanbul Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Turgay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Erginel
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Feryal
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gün
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yanar
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nezahat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gürler
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tansu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Salman
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Alaaddin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Celik
mesh_terms: D018784:Abdominal Abscess / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002443:Ceftriaxone / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008297:Male; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D008795:Metronidazole; D002443:Ceftriaxone; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator