title: Arabidopsis PTD is required for type I crossover formation and affects recombination frequency in two different chromosomal regions.
abstract: In eukaryotes, crossovers together with sister chromatid cohesion maintain physical association between homologous chromosomes, ensuring accurate chromosome segregation during meiosis I and resulting in exchange of genetic information between homologues. The Arabidopsis PTD (Parting Dancers) gene affects the level of meiotic crossover formation, but its functional relationships with other core meiotic genes, such as AtSPO11-1, AtRAD51, and AtMSH4, are unclear; whether PTD has other functions in meiosis is also unknown. To further analyze PTD function and to test for epistatic relationships, we compared the meiotic chromosome behaviors of Atspo11-1 ptd and Atrad51 ptd double mutants with the relevant single mutants. The results suggest that PTD functions downstream of AtSPO11-1 and AtRAD51 in the meiotic recombination pathway. Furthermore, we found that meiotic defects in rck ptd and Atmsh4 ptd double mutants showed similar meiotic phenotypes to those of the relevant single mutants, providing genetic evidences for roles of PTD and RCK in the type I crossovers pathway. Moreover, we employed a pollen tetrad-based fluorescence method and found that the meiotic crossover frequencies in two genetic intervals were significantly reduced from 6.63% and 22.26% in wild-type to 1.14% and 6.36%, respectively, in the ptd-2 mutant. These results revealed new aspects of PTD function in meiotic crossover formation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Department of Biology and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. Electronic address: pinglilu@fudan.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Pingli
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
authors.forename: Asela J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Wijeratne
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Linan 311300, China.
authors.forename: Zhengjia
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and the Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA.
authors.forename: Gregory P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Copenhaver
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China. Electronic address: hongma@fudan.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020090:Chromosome Segregation; D032461:Chromosomes, Plant / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D003434:Crossing Over, Genetic; D004265:DNA Helicases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008540:Meiosis / Q000235:genetics; D009154:Mutation; D051135:Rad51 Recombinase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011995:Recombination, Genetic
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; C494377:MSH4 protein, Arabidopsis; C510978:PTD protein, Arabidopsis; C495146:ATRAD51 protein, Arabidopsis; D051135:Rad51 Recombinase; D004265:DNA Helicases; C502723:MER3 protein, Arabidopsis
keywords: Crossover; MSH4; Meiosis; PTD; Recombination frequency