title: Perovskite solar cells based on nanocolumnar plasma-deposited ZnO thin films.
abstract: ZnO thin films having a nanocolumnar microstructure are grown by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition at 423 K on pre-treated fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates. The films consist of c-axis-oriented wurtzite ZnO nanocolumns with well-defined microstructure and crystallinity. By sensitizing CH3NH3PbI3 on these photoanodes a power conversion of 4.8% is obtained for solid-state solar cells. Poly(triarylamine) is found to be less effective when used as the hole-transport material, compared to 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenylamine)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD), while the higher annealing temperature of the perovskite leads to a better infiltration in the nanocolumnar structure and an enhancement of the cell efficiency.
authors.affiliation: Abengoa Research, C/Energía Solar no 1, Campus Palmas Altas-41014, Sevilla (Spain); Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne (Switzerland).
authors.forename: F Javier
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.forename: Maria C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: López-Santos
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Guillén
authors.forename: Mohammad Khaja
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Nazeeruddin
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grätzel
authors.forename: Agustin R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Elipe
authors.forename: Shahzada
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmad
keywords: ZnO; perovskite; photovoltaics; plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition; solid-state solar cells