title: Transient receptor potential cation channels in visceral sensory pathways.
abstract: The extensive literature on this subject is in direct contrast to the limited range of clinical uses for ligands of the transient receptor potential cation channels (TRPs) in diseases of the viscera. TRPV1 is the most spectacular example of this imbalance, as it is in other systems, but it is nonetheless the only TRP target that is currently targeted clinically in bladder sensory dysfunction. It is not clear why this discrepancy exists, but a likely answer is in the promiscuity of TRPs as sensors and transducers for environmental mechanical and chemical stimuli. This review first describes the different sensory pathways from the viscera, and on which nociceptive and non-nociceptive neurones within these pathways TRPs are expressed. They not only fulfil roles as both mechano- and chemo-sensors on visceral afferents, but also form an effector mechanism for cell activation after activation of GPCR and cytokine receptors. Their role may be markedly changed in diseased states, including chronic pain and inflammation. Pain presents the most obvious potential for further development of therapeutic interventions targeted at TRPs, but forms of inflammation are emerging as likely to benefit also. However, despite much basic research, we are still at the beginning of exploring such potential in visceral sensory pathways.
authors.affiliation: Wingate Institute for Neurogastroenterology, Centre for Digestive Diseases, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
authors.forename: L Ashley
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Blackshaw
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002628:Chemoreceptor Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D015195:Drug Design; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D008465:Mechanoreceptors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D040542:Mechanotransduction, Cellular; D049990:Membrane Transport Modulators / Q000494:pharmacology; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D010146:Pain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D058748:Pain Perception; D017288:Pain Threshold / Q000187:drug effects; D050051:Transient Receptor Potential Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D014781:Viscera / Q000294:innervation*; D059265:Visceral Pain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D049990:Membrane Transport Modulators; D050051:Transient Receptor Potential Channels
keywords: TRP channels; inflammation; mechanosensitivity; pain