title: Normative MDCT cross-sectional data estimation of superior vena cava and innominate vein in growing children using age as a predictor.
abstract: This retrospective study aimed to determine the superior vena cava (SVC) and left innominate vein (INV) normative cross-sectional area in children noninvasively using age as a predictor and also to compare the correlation of the area measured with the diameter on multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). Analysis of the SVC-INV cross-sectional area was performed for 73 consecutive patients. The cross-sectional area of the SVC-INV was manually estimated. A regression analysis was performed for the cross-sectional area and age separately, and regression equations were compared. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to evaluate significant differences in the area means according to age groups. Regression analysis showed that age can be a predictor for the area of the SVC (50.6 mm(2) + 1.01 × age), te INV (48.3 mm(2) + 0.93 × age), and the left SVC-INV junction (47.2 mm(2) + 0.92 × age), with respective R(2) values of 93, 88 and 94%. The comparative evaluation of the cross-sectional area and the diameter measurement of SVC showed that the cross-sectional area was more closely associated with the increasing age of the cohort (R(2) of 68 vs. 61%) than the measured diameter. For a cohort of patients without congenital or acquired heart disease, MDCT can be used as a complementary test for a normative cross-sectional normogram area database of SVC-INV using age as a predictor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, Prince Salman Heart Center, King Fahad Medical City, PO Box 59049, Riyadh, 11512, Saudi Arabia, daskmoy@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Karuna M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: Tariq S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Momenah
authors.forename: Rajvir
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Shanker
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Raja
authors.forename: Abdulrahman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: AlMoukirish
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: AlZoum
authors.forename: Sven G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Larsson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D019412:Anatomy, Cross-Sectional / Q000379:methods; D001837:Body Weights and Measures / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D016121:Brachiocephalic Veins / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002675:Child, Preschool; D061827:Dimensional Measurement Accuracy; D005260:Female; D006128:Growth; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D061330:Multidetector Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D012016:Reference Values; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014683:Vena Cava, Superior / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging