title: Diffusion of Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in Women with Advanced Ovarian Cancer in Community Settings 2003-2008: The Effect of the NCI Clinical Recommendation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A 2006 National Cancer Institute clinical announcement recommended the use of combined intravenous (IV) and intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy over IV chemotherapy alone for women with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage 3 optimally debulked ovarian cancer due to significant survival benefit demonstrated in multiple randomized clinical trials. We examined uptake of IP chemotherapy in community practice before and after this recommendation.
  
  
  METHODS
  We identified 288 women with FIGO stage 2 or greater incident ovarian cancer diagnosed from 2003 to 2008 at three integrated delivery systems in the US. Administrative health plan data were used to determine patient characteristics and receipt of IV and IP chemotherapy within 12 months of diagnosis. We compared characteristics of women receiving IV chemotherapy alone vs. IP chemotherapy (with or without IV chemotherapy) and assessed temporal trends in IP chemotherapy use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall 12.5% (n = 36) of women received IP chemotherapy during the study period. IP chemotherapy use was non-existent between 2003 and 2005. Use of IP chemotherapy occurred among 26.9% of women diagnosed in 2006 and plateaued at 20.4% of women diagnosed in 2008. IP recipients were younger (mean age 55.9 vs. 63.5 years, p = < 0.001) and more likely to have stage 3 ovarian cancer (77.8 vs. 50.4% p = 0.039) compared to their IV-only chemotherapy counterparts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of IP chemotherapy for newly diagnosed advanced stage ovarian cancer patients was uncommon in this community setting. Future research should identify potential patient, physician, and system barriers and facilitators to using IP chemotherapy in this setting.
authors.affiliation: Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative , Seattle, WA , USA.
authors.forename: Erin J Aiello
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Bowles
authors.affiliation: Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative , Seattle, WA , USA.
authors.forename: Karen J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Wernli
authors.affiliation: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center , Seattle, WA , USA ; University of Washington , Seattle, WA , USA.
authors.forename: Heidi J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.affiliation: Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative , Seattle, WA , USA.
authors.forename: Andy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bogart
authors.affiliation: Pharmacy Department, Kaiser Permanente Colorado , Aurora, CO , USA.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Delate
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest , Portland, OR , USA.
authors.forename: Maureen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: O'Keeffe-Rosetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA ; Department of Medicine, Harvard Vanguard Medical Associates , Boston, MA , USA.
authors.forename: Larissa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nekhlyudov
authors.affiliation: Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative , Seattle, WA , USA ; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center , Seattle, WA , USA ; University of Washington , Seattle, WA , USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth Trice
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Loggers
keywords: age; chemotherapy; diffusion; intraperitoneal; ovarian cancer; stage