title: Pulmonary hypertension due to presence of isolated partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection: A case report.
abstract: Anomalous pulmonary venous return is an uncommon congenital malformation which can be broadly categorized into partial or total, of which the former is more common. The anomaly is considered to be partial if some of the pulmonary veins drain into the systemic circulation and total if all the pulmonary veins drain into systemic circulation. Isolated partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (PAPVC) is an uncommon finding and is a very uncommon cause of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Whilst many patients with PAPVC remain asymptomatic, some may present at a later age with symptoms related to left-to-right shunt, pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure. We are presenting an interesting case report of an 18 years old patient who presented with exertional dyspnea and fatigue conforming to NYHA class II symptom status. Trans-esophageal echocardiography revealed isolated obstructive PAPVC as the cause for pulmonary hypertension without other demonstrable left-to-right shunts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences & Research, Bangalore, Karnataka 560069, India.
authors.forename: Tarun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences & Research, Bangalore, Karnataka 560069, India.
authors.forename: Soumya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Patra
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences & Research, Bangalore, Karnataka 560069, India.
authors.forename: Rangaraj
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ramalingam
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences & Research, Bangalore, Karnataka 560069, India.
authors.forename: Navin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences & Research, Bangalore, Karnataka 560069, India.
authors.forename: Ashish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences & Research, Bangalore, Karnataka 560069, India.
authors.forename: Cholenahalli Nanjappa
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Manjunath
keywords: Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection; Pulmonary hypertension; Trans-esophageal echocardiography