title: Cardiovascular effects of cholecalciferol treatment in dialysis patients--a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients on chronic dialysis are at increased risk of vitamin D deficiency. In observational studies plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (p-25(OH) D) levels are inversely correlated with plasma BNP and adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Whether a causal relation exists has yet to be established. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that cholecalciferol supplementation improves cardiac function and reduces blood pressure (BP) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) in patients on chronic dialysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study, we investigated the effect of 75 μg (3000 IU) cholecalciferol daily for 6 months, in patients on chronic dialysis. We performed two-dimensional echocardiography, with doppler and tissue-doppler imaging, 24-h ambulatory BP (24-h BP), PWV, augmentation index (AIx), central BP (cBP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) measurements at baseline and after 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-four patients were allocated to the study. Fifty dialysis patients with a mean age of 68 years (range: 46-88) and baseline p-25(OH) D of 28 (20;53) nmol/l completed the trial. Cholecalciferol increased left ventricular (LV) volume, but had no impact on other parameters regarding LV structure or left atrial structure. LV systolic function, LV diastolic function, PWV, cBP, AIx and BNP were not changed in placebo or cholecalciferol group at follow-up. 24-h BP decreased significantly in placebo group and tended to decrease in cholecalciferol group without any difference between treatments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Six months of cholecalciferol treatment in patients on chronic dialysis did not improve 24-h BP, arterial stiffness or cardiac function.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  NCT01312714, Registration Date: March 9, 2011.
authors.affiliation: University Clinic in Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medical Research and University of Aarhus, Holstebro Hospital, Holstebro, Denmark. frchri@rm.dk.
authors.forename: Frank H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Mose
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vase
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.forename: Anne S P
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Kancir
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kosierkiewic
authors.forename: Bartlomiej
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jonczy
authors.forename: Annebirthe B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Anna E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Oczachowska-Kulik
authors.forename: Ingrid M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Thomsen
authors.forename: Jesper N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Bech
authors.forename: Erling B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Pedersen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood; D015990:Placebo Effect; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014813:Vitamin K Deficiency / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014815:Vitamins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D014815:Vitamins; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D002762:Cholecalciferol