title: Multifoci Bone Tuberculosis and Lymphadenitis in Mediastinum Mimics Malignancy on FDG-PET/CT: A Case Report.
abstract: Positron Emission Tomography with 2-deoxy-[F-18]-fluoro-D-glucose (FDG-PET) has become a reliable diagnostic tool in clinical practice similar to Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging and Computed Tomography (CT). FDG-PET has especially been used to differentiate malignant from benign lesions, and for staging and follow- up malignant tumors. However, FDG-PET has some pitfalls in cancer screening and FDG tracer accumulates at sites of infection and inflammation. Bone tuberculosis may be confused with malignant tumors of bone and its metastases, and can accumulate focally increased FDG in active period. We present a 60-year-old woman with lytic bone lesions and mediastinal hypermetabolic foci, initially suspected to be malignant by means of FDG-PET and the other imaging modalities; however, bone biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of bone tuberculosis.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  None declared.
authors.affiliation: Yeditepe University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nalan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Alan Selçuk
authors.affiliation: Yeditepe University Hospital, Department of Family Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ayşen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fenercioğlu
authors.affiliation: Bakırköy State Hospital, Department of Radiology, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hatem Hakan
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Selçuk
authors.affiliation: Yeditepe University Hospital, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cağatay
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Uluçay
authors.affiliation: Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of Radiology, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Esin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yencilek
keywords: 18FDG; Positron-emission tomography; bone tuberculosis; diagnosis; tumors