title: Validation of data on the use of twin mix in minor oral surgery: comparative evaluation of efficacy of twin mix versus 2 % lignocaine with 1:200000 epinephrine based on power analysis and an UV spectrometry study for chemical stability of the mixture.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is convincing evidence supporting the addition of dexamethasone to lignocaine and its administration as an intra-space injection to achieve benefit of a single dose steroid after third molar surgery. This study was undertaken to validate the existing data on the use of twin mix in minor oral surgery based on power analysis, statistical sample size estimation and an ultraviolet (UV) spectrometry study for chemical stability of the mixture.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, randomized, double-blind trial was designed to validate the pilot study on the efficacy of twin mix and 2 % lignocaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine in the surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars. Clinical parameters of anaesthetic latency, anaesthetic duration, efficacy of twin mix as an anaesthetic and post-operative patient discomfort were assessed. The stability of active ingredients in the solution was assessed using a double beam UV-visible spectrophotometery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of the study showed better post-operative outcome with administration of dexamethasone and lignocaine as an intra-space injection in decreasing the post-operative patient discomfort. The anaesthetic efficacy of the twin-mix admixture was found statistically similar to the control solution of 2 % lignocaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine. The λmax recorded for dexamethasone and local anaesthetic individually was obtained with the twin-mix solution, which indicated no change in the active pharmacological compounds.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinical anaesthetic efficacy of twin mix is comparable to 2 % lignocaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine when administered in the pterygomandibular space with the additional advantage of a single prick co-administration of dexamethasone with local anaesthetic, lesser sting of the local anaesthetic injection, shorter anaesthetic latency, prolonged duration of the soft tissue anaesthesia and decrease in post-operative discomfort after the oral surgical procedure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peoples College of Dental Sciences, Peoples University, Bhanpur, Bhopal, M.P, India, emaildarpan@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Darpan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bhargava
authors.forename: Ashwini
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deshpande
authors.forename: Piush
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Khare
authors.forename: Sharad P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.forename: Niharika
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Thakur
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000766:Anesthesia, Dental; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined / Q000737:chemistry*; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000737:chemistry*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000601:surgery; D008964:Molar, Third / Q000601:surgery*; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000175:diagnosis; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019162:Anesthetics, Combined; D003907:Dexamethasone; D008012:Lidocaine; D004837:Epinephrine