title: Antitussives and substance abuse.
abstract: Abuse of antitussive preparations is a continuing problem in the United States and throughout the world. Illicit, exploratory, or recreational use of dextromethorphan and codeine/promethazine cough syrups is widely described. This review describes the pharmacology, clinical effects, and management of toxicity from commonly abused antitussive formulations.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Jarrett M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Burns
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Edward W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Boyer
keywords: codeine; dextromethorphan; promethazine; purple drank; sizzurp