title: Maraviroc, a CCR5 antagonist, ameliorates the development of hepatic steatosis in a mouse model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in the general population. The NAFLD spectrum ranges from simple steatosis to cirrhosis. The chemokine CCL5/RANTES plays an important role in the progression of hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of maraviroc, a CCR5 antagonist, on liver pathology in a NAFLD mouse model.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 32 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to one of four groups: (i) control group (chow diet plus tap water); (ii) maraviroc group (chow diet plus maraviroc in drinking water); (iii) high-fat diet (HFD) group (HFD plus tap water); and (iv) maraviroc/HFD group (HFD plus maraviroc). All mice were sacrificed 16 weeks after the beginning of the experiment. Biochemical analyses and liver examinations were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mice in the HFD group showed a tendency towards increased body mass gain and liver damage compared with the maraviroc/HFD group. Moreover, liver weight in the HFD group was significantly higher than in the maraviroc/HFD group. Hepatic triglyceride concentration in the maraviroc/HFD group was significantly lower than in the HFD group. Interestingly, the maraviroc/HFD group exhibited a lower degree of steatosis. Furthermore, hepatic CCL5/RANTES expression was significantly lower in the maraviroc/HFD group than in the HFD group. Overall, no differences were observed between the control group and the maraviroc group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Maraviroc ameliorates hepatic steatosis in an experimental model of NAFLD.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Department, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pérez-Martínez
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Department, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pérez-Matute
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Department, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aguilera-Lizarraga
authors.affiliation: Pathology Service, Hospital San Pedro, Logroño, Spain.
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rubio-Mediavilla
authors.affiliation: Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain.
authors.forename: Judit
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Narro
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Department, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain.
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Recio
authors.affiliation: Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ochoa-Callejero
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Department, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain.
authors.forename: José-Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Oteo
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Department, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain jrblanco@riojasalud.es.
authors.forename: José-Ramón
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Blanco
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003510:Cyclohexanes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000473:pathology*; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects*; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D000077592:Maraviroc; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000473:pathology*; D014230:Triazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D003510:Cyclohexanes; D014230:Triazoles; D000077592:Maraviroc
keywords: CCL5; chemokine; high-fat diet; mice models