title: S-phase cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and molecular mechanisms of aplasia ras homolog member I-induced human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cell lines.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Aplasia Ras homolog member I (ARHI) is associated with human ovarian cancer (HOC) growth and proliferation; however, the mechanisms are unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate ARHI effects in HOC SKOV3 cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  We transfected SKOV3 cells with PIRES2-EGFP-ARHI and measured growth inhibition rates, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis rates, and expression of P-STAT3 (phosphorylated signal transduction and activators of transcription 3) and P-ERK (phosphorylated extracellular signal regulated protein kinase).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our data showed significant inhibition of growth, significantly increased S-phase arrest and apoptosis rates, and reduction of P-STAT3 and P-ERK1/2 expression levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We propose the mechanism may involve ARHI-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and STAT3 protein kinases, thereby blocking proliferation signaling pathways, to induce HOC SKOV3 apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: *State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and †Department of Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing; and ‡Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qiaoying
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Jianming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Huijuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Yufei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Jinhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Zhihong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D015153:Blotting, Western; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D016196:S Phase; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C117386:DIRAS3 protein, human; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; C485184:enhanced green fluorescent protein; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins