title: Current progress in bioactive ceramic scaffolds for bone repair and regeneration.
abstract: Bioactive ceramics have received great attention in the past decades owing to their success in stimulating cell proliferation, differentiation and bone tissue regeneration. They can react and form chemical bonds with cells and tissues in human body. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the application of bioactive ceramics for bone repair and regeneration. The review systematically summarizes the types and characters of bioactive ceramics, the fabrication methods for nanostructure and hierarchically porous structure, typical toughness methods for ceramic scaffold and corresponding mechanisms such as fiber toughness, whisker toughness and particle toughness. Moreover, greater insights into the mechanisms of interaction between ceramics and cells are provided, as well as the development of ceramic-based composite materials. The development and challenges of bioactive ceramics are also discussed from the perspective of bone repair and regeneration.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China. gaochengde@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Chengde
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China. drywdeng@163.com.
authors.forename: Youwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China. fengpei@csu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Pei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China. maozhongzheng@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Zhongzheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China. pengjianli@csu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Pengjian
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China. docbo309@csu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China. dengjunjiejj@163.com.
authors.forename: Junjie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China. csu_caoyiyuan@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Yiyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China. shuai@csu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Cijun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shuai
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China. shuping@csu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Shuping
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Peng
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002516:Ceramics / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry; D016062:Porosity; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials