title: Surrogacy as a good option for treatment of repeated implantation failure: a case series.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Repeated implantation failure (RIF) is defined as pregnancy failure after two to six times with at least ten high grade embryo transfer to uterus. A variety of causes have been anticipated for RIF, including anatomical, autoimmune, genetics, endocrine and thrombotic anomalies. Factors responsible for RIF have important implication regarding treatment however in many couples a perfect cause cannot be found.
  
  
  METHODS
  In these case series, we reported nine couples with RIF that after investigation no definitive etiology was found for RIF and empirical therapy by heparin, aspirin and or immunotherapy was not effective. In these cases we recommended transfer of embryos to surrogate uterus. Nine patients were studied and six of them developed a normal pregnancy (pregnancy rate=66.66%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study showed that surrogacy is a good option for treatment of RIF.
authors.affiliation: Madar Hospital, Yazd, Iran.
authors.forename: Nastaran
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aflatoonian
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yazd Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eftekhar
authors.affiliation: Madar Hospital, Yazd, Iran.
authors.forename: Behrooz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Aflatoonian
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
authors.forename: Elham
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rahmani
authors.affiliation: Madar Hospital, Yazd, Iran. ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yazd Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
authors.forename: Abass
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aflatoonian
keywords: In vitro fertilization; Pregnancy rate; Repeated implantation failure; Surrogacy