title: Enhanced anti-inflammatory activity of carbopol loaded meloxicam nanoethosomes gel.
abstract: The aim of the current investigation is to develop nanoethosomes for transdermal meloxicam delivery. The ethosomes were prepared by varying the variables such as concentrations of phospholipids 90G, ethanol, and sonication time while entrapment efficiency, vesicle size and transdermal flux were the chosen responses. Results indicate that the nanoethosomes of meloxicam provides lesser vesicles size, better entrapment efficiency and improved flux for transdermal delivery as compared to rigid liposomes. The optimized formulation (MCEF-OPT) obtained was further evaluated for an in vivo anti-inflammatory activity in rats. Optimized nanoethosomal formulation with vesicles size of 142.3nm showed 78.25% entrapment efficiency and achieved transdermal flux of 10.42μg/cm(2)/h. Nanoethosomes proved to be significantly superior in terms of, amount of drug permeated into the skin, with an enhancement ratio of 3.77 when compared to rigid liposomes. In vivo pharmacodynamic study of carbopol(®) loaded nanoethosomal gel showed significant higher percent inhibition of rat paw edema compared with oral administration of meloxicam. Our results suggest that nanoethosomes are an efficient carrier for transdermal delivery of meloxicam.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: abdulahad20@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Abdul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahad
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raish
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abdullah M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Al-Mohizea
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Fahad I
authors.initials: FI
authors.lastname: Al-Jenoobi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohd Aftab
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Alam
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D008081:Liposomes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000145:classification; D008297:Male; D000077239:Meloxicam; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D010316:Particle Size; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D013843:Thiazines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D008081:Liposomes; D010743:Phospholipids; D013843:Thiazines; D013844:Thiazoles; C006912:carboxypolymethylene; D000077239:Meloxicam
keywords: Anti-inflammatory activity; Ethosomes; Inflammation; Meloxicam; Transdermal