title: Special licorice extracts containing lowered glycyrrhizin and enhanced licochalcone A prevented Helicobacter pylori-initiated, salt diet-promoted gastric tumorigenesis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In spite of cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory actions, conventional licorice extracts (c-lico) were limitedly used due to serious side effects of glycyrrhizin. As our group had successfully isolated special licorice extracts (s-lico) lowering troublesome glycyrrhizin, but increasing licochalcone A, we have compared anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and cytoprotective actions of s-lico and c-lico against either in vitro or in vivo Helicobacter pylori infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  RT-PCR and Western blot were performed to check anti-inflammatory action and electron spin resonance (ESR) and DCFDA spectroscopy to check antioxidative action. s-lico or c-lico was pretreated 1 hours before H. pylori infection on AGS cells. Interleukin-10 deficient mice inoculated H. pylori and followed with high salt containing pallet diets to produce H. pylori-associated chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric tumors, during which s-lico or c-lico-containing pellet diets were administered up to 24 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  s-lico had fabulous efficacy on scavenging ROS which was further confirmed by DCFDA study and ESR measurement. The expressions of COX-2, iNOS, VEGF, and IL-8 were increased after H. pylori infection, of which levels were significantly decreased with s-lico in a dose-dependent manner. s-lico significantly ameliorated hypoxia-induced or H. pylori-induced angiogenic activities. s-lico significantly ameliorated H. pylori-induced gastric damages as well as gastritis. Our animal model showed significant development of gastric tumors including adenoma and dysplasia relevant to H. pylori infection, and s-lico administration significantly attenuated incidence of H. pylori-induced gastric tumorigenesis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Special licorice extracts can be anticipating substance afforded significant attenuation of either H. pylori-induced gastritis or tumorigenesis based on potent antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antimutagenic actions.
authors.affiliation: CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, 135-081, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sang-Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kyung-Sook
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Young-Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Sang-Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Eun-Hee
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ki-Baik
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Hahm
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D063646:Carcinogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D047188:Chalcones / Q000032:analysis; D004032:Diet / Q000379:methods*; D006035:Glycyrrhiza / Q000737:chemistry*; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D047188:Chalcones; D010936:Plant Extracts; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid; C070840:licochalcone A
keywords: Conventional licorice extract (c-lico); H. pylori; anti-inflammation; antitumorigenesis; special licorice extract (s-lico)