title: Antiproliferative effect of theGinkgo bilobaextract is associated with the enhancement of cytochrome P450 1B1 expression in estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer cells.
abstract: Ginkgo bilobais a dioecious tree and its extract is a complex mixture that has been used for thousands of years to treat a variety of ailments in traditional Chinese medicine. The aim of this study was to present our observations on the inhibitory effects of differentGinkgo bilobaextracts on human breast cancer cell proliferation and growth. Our results demonstrated that treatment of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells withGinkgo bilobaleaves and ginkgo fruit extract inhibited cell proliferation. It was also observed that this inhibition was accompanied by the enhancement of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1B1 expression in MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, treatment with ginkgo fruit extract resulted in a higher CYP1B1 expression in MDA-MB-231 cells compared to treatment with theGinkgo bilobaleaves extract. Our results suggested that the inhibitory effects of theGinkgo bilobaextract on estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer proliferation and the induction of CYP1B1 expression may be exerted through an alternative pathway, independent of the estrogen receptor or the aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway.
authors.affiliation: College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Dan
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ni
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hong-Tao
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Man
authors.affiliation: College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhong-Lin
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Mei-Hong
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kou
authors.affiliation: College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Shi-Liang
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Ma
keywords: Ginkgo biloba; breast cancer; cytochrome P450 1B1; estrogen receptor