title: Pacemaker lead malpositioning led to subsequent ischemic strokes despite antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy.
abstract: Pacemaker lead malpositioning may lead to severe clinical adverse events. Rarely, cases of inadvertent placement of a lead into the left ventricle are reported in the literature. We herein report a case of pacemaker lead malpositioning into the left ventricle via a persistent foramen ovale in a male caucasian patient. After this procedural adverse event, the patient suffered from two ischemic strokes despite antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiac Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna A-1090, Austria. claus.rath@meduniwien.ac.at.
authors.forename: Claus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rath
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Andreas
authors.forename: Caesar
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Khazen
authors.forename: Dominik
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wiedemann
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Habertheuer
authors.forename: Alfred
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kocher
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004452:Echocardiography; D054092:Foramen Ovale, Patent / Q000601:surgery; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D020521:Stroke / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors