title: Shelter proximity and affect among homeless smokers making a quit attempt.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the associations between shelter proximity and real-time affect during a specific smoking quit attempt among 22 homeless adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Affect was measured via 485 smartphone-based Ecological Momentary Assessments randomly administered during the weeks immediately before and after the quit day, and proximity to the shelter was measured via GPS. Adjusted linear mixed model regressions examined associations between shelter proximity and affect.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Closer proximity to the shelter was associated with greater negative affect only during the post-quit attempt week (p = .008). All participants relapsed to smoking by one week post-quit attempt.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among homeless smokers trying to quit, the shelter may be associated with unexpected negative affect/stress. Potential intervention applications are suggested.
authors.affiliation: Department of Educational Psychology, College of Education, University of Houston, Houston, Health Disparities Research at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Lorraine R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Reitzel
authors.affiliation: Division of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health and The University of Texas Southwestern Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer, Dallas, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Darla E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Kendzor
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Nga
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Disparities Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Seann D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Regan
authors.affiliation: Program in Health Disparities Research, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Kolawole S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Okuyemi
authors.affiliation: School of Social Work, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Yessenia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Disparities Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Wetter
authors.affiliation: Division of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health and The University of Texas Southwestern Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer, Dallas, TX, USA. reitzel_at_UH@comcast.net.
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Businelle
mesh_terms: D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D040421:Cell Phone / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D040362:Geographic Information Systems; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D006703:Ill-Housed Persons / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006798:Housing; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology*; D012923:Social Class; D012931:Social Environment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013781:Texas / Q000453:epidemiology; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy