title: Associations between individual characteristics and incontinence-associated dermatitis: a secondary data analysis of a multi-centre prevalence study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Incontinent patients are at risk for incontinence-associated dermatitis. Prolonged exposures of the skin to urine and/or stool are causal factors but the exact aetiology and pathophysiology are not fully understood.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the current investigation was to identify person and health-related variables most strongly associated with incontinence-associated dermatitis development.
  
  
  METHODS
  Secondary data analysis of a multicentre-prevalence study in 2012.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hospitals, nursing homes, home care in Austria and the Netherlands.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nursing home residents, hospital patients, home care clients who completed an incontinence assessment and who were incontinent (n = 3713). Mean age 81.2 (SD 11.2) years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Demographic, functional and physiological parameters were compared between subjects with incontinence-associated dermatitis and without. A logistic regression model predicting incontinence-associated dermatitis was build.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects with incontinence-associated dermatitis were statistically significantly more often male, had more often diabetes mellitus, had a higher BMI, were less often affected by urinary but more often by faecal incontinence and showed higher degrees of functional and psychical impairments. Being faecal incontinent (OR 1.70; 95% CI 1.14-2.55), having diabetes mellitus (OR 1.46; 95% CI 1.03-2.06) and having "friction and shear" problems (OR 0.65; 95% CI 0.51-0.81) according to the Braden scale item were the strongest covariates for the presence of incontinence-associated dermatitis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is recommended to target special preventive skin care interventions especially to persons who are faecal incontinent and who have moist perineal skin, who have higher BMIs, who are diabetics, and who need increased assistance in moving.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: jan.kottner@charite.de.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kottner
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Blume-Peytavi
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing Science, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Christa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lohrmann
authors.affiliation: School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ruud
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Halfens
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001317:Austria; D003872:Dermatitis / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000150:complications*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Aetiology; Dermatitis; Incontinence; Nursing; Skin care