title: Ethanolic carbon-11 chemistry: the introduction of green radiochemistry.
abstract: The principles of green chemistry have been applied to a radiochemistry setting. Eleven carbon-11 labeled radiopharmaceuticals have been prepared using ethanol as the only organic solvent throughout the entire manufacturing process. The removal of all other organic solvents from the process simplifies production and quality control (QC) testing, moving our PET Center towards the first example of a green radiochemistry laboratory. All radiopharmaceutical doses prepared are suitable for clinical use.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Maria V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Fawaz
authors.affiliation: Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Keunsam
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; The Interdepartmental Program in Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. Electronic address: pjhscott@umich.edu.
authors.forename: Peter J H
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Scott
mesh_terms: D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes / Q000737:chemistry*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry*; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology / Q000379:methods; D007553:Isotope Labeling / Q000379:methods; D011854:Radiochemistry / Q000379:methods; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D000431:Ethanol
keywords: Carbon-11; Green chemistry; PET chemistry; Positron emission tomography; Radiopharmaceutical synthesis