title: Variations of the corona HDL:albumin ratio determine distinct effects of amorphous SiO2 nanoparticles on monocytes and macrophages in serum.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated monocyte and macrophage death and cytokine production induced by amorphous silica nanoparticles (SiO2-NPs) to clarify the role of defined serum corona proteins.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cytotoxic proinflammatory effects of SiO2-NPs on human monocytes and macrophages were characterized in no serum, in fetal calf serum and in the presence of purified corona proteins.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In no serum and in fetal calf serum above approximately 75 µg/ml, SiO2-NPs lysed monocytes and macrophages by plasma membrane damage (necrosis). In fetal calf serum below approximately 75 µg/ml, SiO2-NPs triggered an endolysosomal acidification and caspase-1-dependent monocyte death (pyroptosis). The corona high-density lipoproteins:albumin ratio accounted for the features of the SiO2-NPs in serum.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Corona high-density lipoproteins are a major determinant of the differential cytotoxic action of SiO2-NPs on monocytes and macrophages.
authors.affiliation: Interdepartmental Research Center for Innovative Biotechnologies, Università di Padova, via U Bassi 58/B, I-35131, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fedeli
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Segat
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tavano
authors.forename: Giorgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Franceschi
authors.forename: Patrizia Polverino
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: de Laureto
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lubian
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Selvestrel
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mancin
authors.forename: Emanuele
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Papini
mesh_terms: D000418:Albumins / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000187:drug effects*; D002417:Cattle; D016923:Cell Death; D006801:Humans; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D001798:Blood Proteins; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D012822:Silicon Dioxide
keywords: HDL; amorphous silica nanoparticle; macrophage; monocyte; nanoparticle protein corona; pyroptosis