title: The association between social stressors and drug use/hazardous drinking among former prison inmates.
abstract: Social stressors are associated with relapse to substance use among people receiving addiction treatment and people with substance use risk behaviors. The relationship between social stressors and drug use/hazardous drinking in former prisoners has not been studied. We interviewed former prisoners at baseline, 1 to 3 weeks post prison release, and follow up, between 2 and 9 months following the baseline interview. Social stressors were characterized by unemployment, homelessness, unstable housing, problems with family, friends, and/or significant others, being single, or major symptoms of depression. Associations between baseline social stressors and follow-up drug use and hazardous drinking were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. Problems with family, friends, and/or significant others were associated with reported drug use (AOR 3.01, 95% CI 1.18-7.67) and hazardous drinking (AOR 2.69, 95% CI 1.05-6.87) post release. Further research may determine whether interventions and policies targeting social stressors can reduce relapse among former inmates.
authors.affiliation: Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO; Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, CO. Electronic address: susan.calcaterra@ucdenver.edu.
authors.forename: Susan L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Calcaterra
authors.affiliation: Colorado Health Outcomes Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Children's Outcomes Research Program, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado.
authors.forename: Brenda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Beaty
authors.affiliation: Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO.
authors.forename: Shane R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.affiliation: Division of Health Care Policy and Research, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO.
authors.forename: Sung-Joon
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Min
authors.affiliation: Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO; Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, CO; Children's Outcomes Research Program, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado; Division of Substance Dependence, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO.
authors.forename: Ingrid A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Binswanger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D003220:Conflict, Psychological; D005260:Female; D006703:Ill-Housed Persons / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006798:Housing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D011329:Prisoners / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014478:Unemployment / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
keywords: Drug use; Former inmates; Former prisoners; Hazardous drinking; Social support