title: Effects of intra-articular steroid injection before pan-capsular release in patients with refractory frozen shoulder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study was to retrospectively determine the effects of intra-articular steroid injection on the clinical outcome of patients who underwent arthroscopic pan-capsular release for refractory frozen shoulder.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 2000 and 2010, 34 patients (20 males, 14 females) who underwent an arthroscopic pan-capsular release for frozen shoulder were included. Intra-articular steroid injections were administered from April 2006, and just before surgery and at the final follow-up, ranges of motion (ROM) and scores of the Shoulder Rating Scale of the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) scoring system were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intra-articular steroid injection significantly improved the UCLA scores of pain just before surgery and at the final follow-up (1.7 ± 0.5 vs. 6 ± 2, p < 0.0001). We subdivided the patients into those with and without diabetes mellitus. Steroid injection had a significant effect on the ROM in forward flexion (166.6 ± 8.6 vs. 140 ± 36.1, p = 0.026) and the scores of pain (10 vs. 9.3 ± 1.2, p = 0.046) at the final follow-up in the group without diabetes mellitus compared with those with it.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intra-articular steroid injection improves pain just before an arthroscopic pan-capsular release and at the final follow-up in all the patients with refractory frozen shoulder. However, it improves the ROM in forward flexion and the UCLA scores of pain at the final follow-up only in those without diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Therapeutic studies, Level IV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan. hagi@med.tohoku.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hagiwara
authors.affiliation: Funabashi Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Center, 1-833 Hazama-cho, Funabashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sugaya
authors.affiliation: Funabashi Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Center, 1-833 Hazama-cho, Funabashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Norimasa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Funabashi Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Center, 1-833 Hazama-cho, Funabashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kuwano Kyoritsu Hospital, 2-9-18 Shima, Koriyama, Japan.
authors.forename: Junichiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan.
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Itoi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002062:Bursitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular; D057913:Joint Capsule Release / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012785:Shoulder Joint
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D003907:Dexamethasone