title: Endoscopic endonasal resection of suprasellar meningiomas: the importance of case selection and experience in determining extent of resection, visual improvement, and complications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Suprasellar meningiomas have been resected via various open cranial approaches. During the past 2 decades, the endoscopic endonasal approach has been shown to be an option in selected patients. We wished to examine the learning curve for parameters such as extent of resection, visual outcome, and complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed a consecutive series of patients in whom suprasellar meningiomas were resected via an endonasal endoscopic approach between 2005 and 2013 at our institution. After June 2008, our surgical technique matured. Using this time point, we divided our case series into 2 chronological groups, group 1 (n=8) and group 2 (n=12). This cut-off also was used to examine rates of gross total resection (GTR) and visual improvement. Case selection criteria in successful and unsuccessful cases were examined to determine important principals for case selection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean patient age at surgery was 57.05 years (range, 31-81 years). Mean tumor volume was 11.98 cm3 (range, 0.43-28.93 cm3). Overall, GTR was achieved in 80%, and vision improved or normalized in 14 patients (82.4%) with no occurrence of postoperative visual deterioration. Rates of GTR increased from 62.5% (group 1) to 91.7% (group 2). Visual improvement increased from 75% (group 1) to 88.9% (group 2). Rates of cerebrospinal fluid leak were 25% in group 1 and 0% in group 2. Average follow-up was 51.5 month (range, 3-96 months).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Once the learning curve is overcome, surgeons performing endonasal endoscopic resection of suprasellar meningiomas can achieve high rates of GTR with low complication rates in well-selected cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Malte
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ottenhausen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Matei A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Banu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, New York University, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Dimitris G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Placantonakis
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: A John
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Tsiouris
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Osaama H
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Vijay K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Anand
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurology and Neurosciences, Brain and Mind Institute, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA. Electronic address: schwarh@med.cornell.edu.
authors.forename: Theodore H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Schwartz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008579:Meningioma / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000601:surgery*; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D018365:Neoplasm, Residual / Q000473:pathology; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013101:Sphenoid Sinus / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: Endonasal; Endoscopic; Suprasellar meningioma; Transsphenoidal