title: Impaired decision-making after traumatic brain injury: the Iowa Gambling Task.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  The aim of the present study was to use the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) to investigate differences in decision-making (DM) between patients who sustained TBI and healthy subjects, while controlling for age, education and gender.
  
  
  METHODS
  A hundred and ten participants, half of whom had severe or mild TBI, completed the IGT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Differences between control participants and patients with TBI were found regarding total net score, block score, number of selections from each deck and classification of performance as impaired or unimpaired. No significant differences in IGT performance were found between patients with and without frontal lesions and between patients with mild and severe TBI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results indicate poor DM on the IGT in patients with TBI, regardless of lesion location and severity. The instrument proved to be equally sensitive to both frontal and extrafrontal lesions and did not differentiate between patients with mild and severe TBI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil.
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cotrena
authors.forename: Laura Damiani
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Branco
authors.forename: Nicolle
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zimmermann
authors.forename: Caroline Oliveira
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grassi-Oliveira
authors.forename: Rochele Paz
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Fonseca
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D003657:Decision Making; D056344:Executive Function; D005260:Female; D005715:Gambling; D006801:Humans; D007484:Iowa; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011340:Problem Solving; D020127:Recovery of Function; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis
keywords: Decision-making; Iowa Gambling Task; executive functions; traumatic brain injury