title: The role of glucose transporters in the distribution of p-aminophenyl-α-d-mannopyranoside modified liposomes within mice brain.
abstract: The effective treatment of central nervous system diseases is a major challenge due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). P-aminophenyl-α-d-mannopyranoside (MAN), a kind of mannose analog, was conjugated onto the surface of liposomes (MAN-LIP) to enhance the brain delivery. In this study, we investigated the brain distribution of MAN-LIP based on our previous studies and tried to explore the relationship between the distribution of MAN-LIP and glucose transporters (GLUTs) on the cells. In vivo optical imaging was used to assess the distribution of liposomes in mice brain. The mice administered with MAN-LIP had significantly higher brain fluorescence intensity and MAN-LIP relatively concentrated in the cerebellum and cerebral cortex. Fluorescent microscope and Western blot were used to evaluate the results of lentiviral vector-mediated hSLC2A1 and hSLC2A3 gene transfection into C6, PC12 and vessels of endothelial cell line, bEND.3. The results from live cell station and flow cytometry showed that the cellular uptake of MAN-LIP was significantly improved by GLUT1 and GLUT3 overexpression cells. The transport experiments also demonstrated that the transendothelial ability of MAN-LIP was much stronger when crossing LV-GLUT1/bEND.3 cell monolayers or LV-GLUT3/ bEND.3 cell monolayers, of which GLUT1 and GLUT3 were overexpressed. The combined data indicated that the transcytosis by GLUT1 and GLUT3 was a pathway of MAN-LIP into brain, and the special brain distribution of MAN-LIP was closely related to the non-homogeneous distribution of GLUT1 and GLUT3 in the brain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163319, China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163319, China.
authors.forename: Naidan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163319, China.
authors.forename: Shouli
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163319, China.
authors.forename: Minghui
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163319, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163319, China.
authors.forename: Meifang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163319, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163319, China.
authors.forename: Guangtian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163319, China.
authors.forename: Haichun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States.
authors.forename: Xunpei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163319, China.
authors.forename: Shilong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States; Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States. Electronic address: qunwang@iastate.edu.
authors.forename: Qun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163319, China; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States. Electronic address: fisher1688@163.com.
authors.forename: Haisheng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Peng
mesh_terms: D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051274:Glucose Transporter Type 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008081:Liposomes; D008362:Mannosides / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D016716:PC12 Cells; D051381:Rats; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1; D051274:Glucose Transporter Type 3; D008081:Liposomes; D008362:Mannosides; C495677:SLC2A1 protein, human; C495687:SLC2A3 protein, human; C034056:4-aminophenylmannoside
keywords: Blood–brain barrier; GLUT1; GLUT3; Liposomes modified with p-aminophenyl-α-d-mannopyranoside; Targeting delivery