title: Correlations of ANP genetic polymorphisms and serum levels with ischemic stroke risk: a meta-analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the correlations between atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) genetic polymorphism and its serum ANP levels with the risk of ischemic stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  The PubMed, CISCOM, CINAHL, Web of Science, Google Scholar, EBSCO, Cochrane Library, and CBM databases were searched for relevant articles published before October 1st, 2013 without language restrictions. Meta-analysis was conducted using the STATA 12.0 software. Crude odds ratios (ORs) or standardized mean difference (SMD) with their 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated. Twelve case-control studies that met all inclusion criteria were included in this meta-analysis. A total of 1285 patients with ischemic stroke and 1088 healthy control subjects were involved in this meta-analysis. Three common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (1837 G/A, 2238 T/C, and 664 G/A) in the ANP gene were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our meta-analysis results revealed that ANP 2238 T/C polymorphism might increase the risk of ischemic stroke (C allele vs. T allele: OR=2.26, 95% CI: 1.59-3.23, p<0.001; TC+CC vs. TT: OR=2.26, 95% CI: 1.34-3.81, p=0.002; respectively). However, we found no correlations of ANP 1837 G/A and 664 G/A polymorphisms with ischemic stroke risk (all p>0.05). Furthermore, ischemic stroke patients had higher levels of serum ANP than those of healthy control subjects (SMD=3.12, 95% CI: 1.16-5.07, p=0.002). Our study revealed no publication bias in this meta-analysis (all p>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings indicate that ANP genetic polymorphism and serum ANP levels may contribute to the development of ischemic stroke. Thus, the ANP genetic polymorphism and serum ANP levels could be potential biomarkers for early detection of ischemic stroke.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang, People's Republic of China .
authors.forename: De-Guang
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.forename: Dong-Yong
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhan-Fu
authors.initials: ZF
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Da-Ling
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yun-Jie
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D020521:Stroke / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor