title: The concentration-dependent effects of indocyanine green on retinal function in the electrophysiological ex vivo model of isolated perfused vertebrate retina.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dye solutions such as indocyanine green (ICG) are used for the staining of intraocular structures. The aim of the presented study was to investigate the effects of ICG on bovine retinal function using different concentrations of ICG.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bovine retina preparations were perfused with a standard solution and the electroretinogram was recorded. The nutrient solution was substituted by an ICG solution at varying concentrations for 45 min. Afterwards the preparations were reperfused with standard solution for at least 85 min.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant reductions in b-wave amplitude were found for concentrations of 0.0025% (p = 0.0099) and 0.025% (p = 0.0378). For the concentration of 0.025%, the b-wave amplitude remained significantly decreased (p = 0.0082) after the observation period, but a full recovery of the b-wave was observed for the concentration of 0.0025% (p = 0.1917).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intraocular application of sufficient ICG concentrations for internal limiting membrane staining seems not possible without interfering with retinal function.
authors.affiliation: University Eye Hospital, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
authors.forename: Mahdy
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ranjbar
authors.forename: Aizhan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alt
authors.forename: Khaled
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nassar
authors.forename: Mihaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reinsberg
authors.forename: Toni
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grisanti
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lüke
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lüke
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004596:Electroretinography / Q000187:drug effects; D007208:Indocyanine Green / Q000494:pharmacology*; D023421:Models, Animal; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D007208:Indocyanine Green