title: Genetic correlations within and between isolated tsetse populations: what can we learn?
abstract: Isolated tsetse populations constitute a target for tsetse control programmes in endemic countries, since their isolation, if demonstrated, allows control without reinvasion risk from neighbouring populations. Population genetic parameters, such as the fixation index, have proven useful to assess isolation status, and should also give important information on the divergence time since isolation. We gathered results obtained from different datasets regarding several examples of putatively totally isolated tsetse populations of different tsetse species: Glossina palpalis gambiensis in Guinea, in the Niayes of Senegal, and in the sacred wood of Bama in Burkina Faso; G. tachinoides from Bitou and Pama in South-East Burkina Faso. The different levels of isolation were compared to differentiation between the two subspecies G. p. gambiensis and G. p. palpalis which both occur allopatrically along the Comoe River in Ivory Coast. We also use some historical evidence to calibrate differentiation speed and give estimates of time since separation for the different cases studied. Discrepancies mostly come from underestimate of effective population sizes, and we propose improving sampling design and genetic markers quality to circumvent such caveats.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)/Centre International de Recherche-Développement sur l'Elevage en zone Subhumide (CIRDES), UMR 177 INTERTRYP IRD-CIRAD, CIRDES, 01 BP 454 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso. Electronic address: Thierry.demeeus@ird.fr.
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: De Meeûs
authors.affiliation: Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR 177 INTERTRYP IRD-CIRAD, Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ravel
authors.affiliation: Centre International de Recherche-Développement sur l'Elevage en zone Subhumide (CIRDES), 01 BP 454 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Jean-Baptiste
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Rayaisse
authors.affiliation: Institut Pierre Richet/Institut National de Santé Publique, BP V 47 Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.
authors.forename: Dramane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kaba
authors.affiliation: Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)/Centre International de Recherche-Développement sur l'Elevage en zone Subhumide (CIRDES), UMR 177 INTERTRYP IRD-CIRAD, CIRDES, 01 BP 454 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Fabrice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Courtin
authors.affiliation: Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles, Laboratoire National d'Elevage et de Recherches Vétérinaires, Service de Parasitologie, BP 2057, Dakar - Hann, Senegal; Cirad, UMR Contrôle des maladies animales exotiques et émergentes, Campus International de Baillarguet, F34398 Montpellier, France; Inra, UMR 1309 Contrôle des Maladies Animales Exotiques et Emergentes, Campus International de Baillarguet, F34398 Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Jérémy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bouyer
authors.affiliation: Centre International de Recherche-Développement sur l'Elevage en zone Subhumide (CIRDES), 01 BP 454 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Guiguigbaza-Kossigan
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Dayo
authors.affiliation: PNLTHA Conakry, BP 851, Guinea.
authors.forename: Mamadou
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Camara
authors.affiliation: Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)/Centre International de Recherche-Développement sur l'Elevage en zone Subhumide (CIRDES), UMR 177 INTERTRYP IRD-CIRAD, CIRDES, 01 BP 454 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Solano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002050:Burkina Faso; D014644:Genetic Variation; D016701:Guinea; D058974:Phylogeography; D012675:Senegal; D014370:Tsetse Flies / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*
keywords: Divergence time; Fixation indices; Population genetics; Tsetse flies; West Africa