title: Chemistry and pharmacology of Siraitia grosvenorii: a review.
abstract: Siraitia grosvenorii is a perennial herb endemic to Guangxi province of China. Its fruit, commonly known as Luo hanguo, and has been used for hundreds of years as a natural sweetener and as a traditional medicine for the treatment of pharyngitis, pharyngeal pain, as well as an anti-tussive remedy in China. Based on ninety-three literary sources, this review summarized the advances in chemistry, biological effects, and toxicity research of S. grosvenorii during the past 30 years. Several different classes of compounds have been isolated or detected from various parts of S. grosvenorii, mainly triterpenoids, flavonoids, polysaccharides, amino acids, and essential oils. Various types of extracts or individual compounds derived from this species exhibited a wide array of biological effects e.g. anti-tussive, phlegm-relieving, anti-oxidant, immunomodulatory, liver-protecting, glucose-lowering, and anti-microbial. The existing research has shown that extracts and individual compounds from S. grosvenorii are basically non-toxic. Finally, some suggestions for further research on specific chemical and pharmacological properties of S. grosvenorii are proposed in this review.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chinese Material Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China.
authors.forename: Li-Mei
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chinese Material Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China. Electronic address: suifeng2136@126.com.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sui
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chinese Material Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Min
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chinese Material Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
authors.forename: Hai-Ru
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Huo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chinese Material Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chinese Material Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
authors.forename: Ting-Liang
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids; D000818:Animals; D019662:Cucurbitaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D005419:Flavonoids; D006801:Humans; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011134:Polysaccharides; D014315:Triterpenes
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D005419:Flavonoids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides; D014315:Triterpenes
keywords: Chemical constituents; Cucurbitaceae; Pharmacological effects; Siraitiagrosvenorii