title: Impact of surfactant selection on the formulation and characterization of microparticles for pulmonary drug delivery.
abstract: The effect of suspension stabilizers, internal aqueous phase volume and polymer amount were investigated for the production of protein loaded poly(d,l lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microparticles suitable for pulmonary drug delivery. PLGA microparticles were produced adopting water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) solvent evaporation technique and were investigated for surface morphology, particle size, encapsulation efficiency (EE%) and in-vitro release profile. Porous surface morphologies with a narrow size distribution were observed when employing 0.5 ml internal aqueous phase; 23.04 µm (± 0.98), 15.05 µm (± 0.27) and 22.89 µm (±0.41) for PVA, Tween 80 and oleic acid. Porous microparticles exhibited increased size and reduction in EE% with increasing internal aqueous phase, with non-porous microparticles produced when adopting 2.0 ml internal aqueous phase. The selection of stabilizer influences the size of the pores formed thus offers potential for the aerodynamic properties of the microparticles to be manipulated to achieve suitable aerosolization characteristics for pulmonary delivery of proteins.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, DeMontfort University , Leicester , UK .
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cocks
authors.forename: Oya
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Alpar
authors.forename: Satyanarayana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Somavarapu
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Greenleaf
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D008168:Lung; D008863:Microspheres; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D019344:Lactic Acid
keywords: Inhalation; poly(d,l lactide-co-glycolide); porous microspheres; solvent evaporation; water-in-oil-in-water