title: Adiponectin and waist circumference as predictors of insulin-resistance in women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The initial disturbance of insulin resistance seems to focus on adipose tissue is a dynamic organ involved in many physiological and metabolic processes. Expresses and secretes a variety of active peptides, adipocytokines. To evaluate the prevalence of insulin-resistance in an healthy urban middle age population and to explore the role of adiponectin, inflammatory biomarkers (hs-CRP) and traditional cardiovascular risk factors as predictors of the insulin-resistance state.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied of 176 participants (117 women and 59 men, 25-74 years), individuals with diabetes, hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, infectious disease, renal, or hepatic neoplasms and pregnant women were excluded. We evaluated glucose, insulin, adiponectin and hs-CRP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that 17.2% of individuals presented insulin-resistance. Correlation was found between waist circumference, body mass index, blood pressure and HOMA index (p<0.01). Adiponectin was associated with the insulin-resistance (p<0.001) but not hs-CRP. Adiponectin (β=0.385, p=0.004) and waist circumference (β=0.116, p=0.02) were predictors of IR only in women, meanwhile none of the analyzed biomarkers predicted insulin-resistance in men. Besides, postmenopausal women presented higher adiponectin levels than premenopausal 7.63 (4.46-9.58) vs 5.50 (3.83-7.40) μg/ml, p=0.01.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adiponectin and waist circumference are important predictors of insulin-resistance even in healthy non-diabetic women, they may open a new opportunity to improve current risk estimation.
authors.affiliation: Ministerio de Salud Pública de la Provincia de Misiones, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Argentina. Electronic address: gracielabonneau@yahoo.com.ar.
authors.forename: Graciela A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Bonneau
authors.affiliation: Ministerio de Salud Pública de la Provincia de Misiones, Argentina.
authors.forename: Williams R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Pedrozo
authors.affiliation: Lipids and Lipoproteins Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, INFIBIOC, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Berg
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001118:Argentina / Q000453:epidemiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D055105:Waist Circumference / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: Abdominal obesity; Adiponectin; Female gender; Insulin-resistance; Post-menopause