title: An emerging reactor technology for chemical synthesis: surface acoustic wave-assisted closed-vessel Suzuki coupling reactions.
abstract: In this paper we demonstrate the use of an energy-efficient surface acoustic wave (SAW) device for driving closed-vessel SAW-assisted (CVSAW), ligand-free Suzuki couplings in aqueous media. The reactions were carried out on a mmolar scale with low to ultra-low catalyst loadings. The reactions were driven by heating resulting from the penetration of acoustic energy derived from RF Raleigh waves generated by a piezoelectric chip via a renewable fluid coupling layer. The yields were uniformly high and the reactions could be executed without added ligand and in water. In terms of energy density this new technology was determined to be roughly as efficient as microwaves and superior to ultrasound.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Ketav
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.affiliation: School of Electrical and Computer Engineering RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Friend
authors.affiliation: School of Electrical and Computer Engineering RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Leslie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yeo
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia. Electronic address: patrick.perlmutter@monash.edu.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Perlmutter
keywords: Catalysis; Micro-reactor; Surface acoustic waves; Suzuki couplings