title: Use of demineralized bone matrix in spinal fusion.
abstract: Spinal fusion remains the gold-standard treatment for several pathological spine conditions. Although, autologous Iliac Crest Bone Grafting is considered the gold-standard graft choice to promote spinal fusion; however, it is associated with significant donor site morbidity and a limited graft quantity. Therefore, several bone graft alternatives have been developed, to augment arthrodesis. The purpose of this review is to present the results of clinical studies concerning the use of demineralized bone matrix (DBM), alone or as a composite graft, in the spinal fusion. A critical review of the English-language literature was conducted on Pubmed, using key word "demineralized bone matrix", "DBM", "spinal fusion", and "scoliosis". Results had been restricted to clinical studies. The majority of clinical trials demonstrate satisfactory fusion rates when DBM is employed as a graft extender or a graft enhancer. Limited number of prospective randomized controlled trials (4 studies), have been performed comparing DBM to autologous iliac crest bone graft in spine fusion. The majority of the clinical trials demonstrate comparable efficacy of DBM when it used as a graft extender in combination with autograft, but there is no clinical evidence to support its use as a standalone graft material. Additionally, high level of evidence studies are required, in order to optimize and clarify the indications of its use and the appropriate patient population that will benefit from DBM in spine arthrodesis.
authors.affiliation: Konstantinos Tilkeridis, Athanasios Ververidis, Sotirios Christodoulou, Konstantinos Kazakos, Georgios I Drosos, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece.
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tilkeridis
authors.affiliation: Konstantinos Tilkeridis, Athanasios Ververidis, Sotirios Christodoulou, Konstantinos Kazakos, Georgios I Drosos, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece.
authors.forename: Panagiotis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Touzopoulos
authors.affiliation: Konstantinos Tilkeridis, Athanasios Ververidis, Sotirios Christodoulou, Konstantinos Kazakos, Georgios I Drosos, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece.
authors.forename: Athanasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ververidis
authors.affiliation: Konstantinos Tilkeridis, Athanasios Ververidis, Sotirios Christodoulou, Konstantinos Kazakos, Georgios I Drosos, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece.
authors.forename: Sotirios
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Christodoulou
authors.affiliation: Konstantinos Tilkeridis, Athanasios Ververidis, Sotirios Christodoulou, Konstantinos Kazakos, Georgios I Drosos, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece.
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kazakos
authors.affiliation: Konstantinos Tilkeridis, Athanasios Ververidis, Sotirios Christodoulou, Konstantinos Kazakos, Georgios I Drosos, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece.
authors.forename: Georgios I
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Drosos
keywords: Bone grafts; Demineralized bone matrix; Scoliosis; Spinal fusion