title: The effects of nitrous oxide on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its soluble receptor 1 (VEGFR1) in patient undergoing urological surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Anesthesia and surgical intervention, leads to the development of systemic inflammatory response. The severity of the inflammatory response depends on the pharmacological effects of anesthetic agents and duration of anesthesia. OBJECTIVE of the study was to investigate the effect of nitrous oxide on VEGF and VEGFR1 levels in patients undergoing surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-four patients undergoing elective urological surgery were included in the study. Anesthesia maintenance was provided with 1-2 MAC sevoflurane, O2 50%, N2O 50% in 4L/m transporter gase for group 1 (n=22) and 1-2 MAC sevoflurane, O2 50%, air 50% in 4L/m transporter gase for group 2 (n=22) Venous blood samples for the measurement of VEGF and VEGFR1 were taken before the induction of anaesthesia, 60 minutes of anesthesia induction, at the end of anaesthesia and 24 hours after operation. In statistical analysis Bonferroni test and analysis of variance at the repeated measures were used Results: In the postoperative period serum VEGF levels had decreased significantly in both group whereas VEGFR1 did not show a significant change.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nitrous oxide showed significant effect on angiogenic parameters. Further detailed studies are required to evaluate the effect of nitrous oxide.
authors.affiliation: Yasemin Hakimoglu, MD, Department of Biochemistry, Hatay Antakya State Hospital, Hatay, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yasemin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hakimoglu
authors.affiliation: Murat Can, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Bulent Ecevit University, Medical Faculty, Zonguldak, Turkey.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Can
authors.affiliation: Sedat Hakimoglu, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Mustafa Kemal University, Medical Faculty, Hatay, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sedat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hakimoglu
authors.affiliation: Ayca Gorkem Mungan, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Bulent Ecevit University, Medical Faculty, Zonguldak, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ayca
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gorkem Mungan
authors.affiliation: Sereften Acikgoz, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Bulent Ecevit University, Medical Faculty, Zonguldak, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sereften
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Acikgoz
authors.affiliation: Nuran Cikcikoglu Yildirim, PhD, Department of Environmental Engineering, Tunceli University, Faculty of Engineering, Tunceli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nuran
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cikcikoglu Yildirim
authors.affiliation: Necmettin Aydin Mungan, MD, Professor, Department of Urology, Bulent Ecevit University, Medical Faculty, Zonguldak, Turkey.
authors.forename: Necmettin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aydin Mungan
authors.affiliation: Isil Ozkocak Turan, MD, Professor, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Bulent Ecevit University, Medical Faculty, Zonguldak, Turkey.
authors.forename: Isil
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ozkocak Turan
keywords: Nitrous oxide; Urological Surgery; VEGF; VEGFR1