title: Additive effect of heat on the UVB-induced tyrosinase activation and melanogenesis via ERK/p38/MITF pathway in human epidermal melanocytes.
abstract: Heat is known as an environmental factor that causes significant skin pigmentation, but its effects on melanogenesis have been poorly studied. It has been shown that mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is involved in ultraviolet B (UVB) and stress-induced melanogenesis in melanocytes. In this study, we investigated the effects of heat and UVB, on melanocyte melanogenesis, differentiation, and MAPK phosphorylation. The results showed that heat (1 h at 40 °C for 5 days) increased cell dendrites, enlarged cell bodies, and induced extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)/p38/MITF activation but did not influence melanogenesis of human epidermal melanocytes from skin phototype III. UVB irradiation (20 mJ/cm(2) for 5 days) induced melanogenesis and c-jun N-terminal kinases (JNK)/p38/MITF/tyrosinase activation in melanocytes from skin phototype III. UVB combined with heat resulted in much more significant tyrosinase activation and melanogenesis as compared with UVB alone in melanocytes from skin phototype III. Furthermore, heat treatment and UVB irradiation induced JNK, ERK, and p38 activation but not melanogenic and morphological changes in melanocytes from skin phototype I. These findings suggested that heat promoted melanocyte differentiation, probably via heat-induced ERK/p38/MITF/activation. Furthermore, heat had an additive effect on the UVB-induced tyrosinase activation and melanogenesis. These results provide a new clue for dermatologists for the treatment of hypopigmented skin disease with heat combined with UVB irradiation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, The General Hospital of Air Force, No. 30 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China.
authors.forename: Wei-Jie
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Hui-Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Guang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Xiao-Ying
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Li-Juan
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Xiao-Bing
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Lei
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000528:radiation effects; D000078404:Epidermal Cells; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D017496:Hypopigmentation / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008543:Melanins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008544:Melanocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D051739:Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000528:radiation effects; D014467:Ultraviolet Therapy; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008543:Melanins; D051739:Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases