title: Epidemiology of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To summarize the epidemiology of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES).
  
  
  RESULTS
  FPIES is regarded as a rare non-IgE-mediated gastrointestinal allergic disorder. Older nonpopulation-based studies reported an average of 1-15 cases presenting to allergy clinics a year, but recent studies have reported figures as high as 90 cases a year. The yearly incidence of FPIES in one Australian study was one in 10,000 infants less than 2 years of age. Chronic FPIES typically presents in neonates, whereas acute FPIES is primarily a disorder of young infants. FPIES has a slight male predominance; eczema and a family history of atopy are commonly present at diagnosis; almost one in 10 infants have coexistent IgE food allergies and siblings are rarely affected. There is regional variation in common triggering foods, rates of combined cow milk and soy FPIES and multiple food group FPIES. Understanding of the epidemiology of FPIES is limited by the lack of a universally accepted definition and the publication of few prospective population-based case series.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FPIES is not as rare as once thought, but how common it is, what factors predispose to its development, and why there is regional variation needs to be addressed by future well designed population-based studies?
authors.affiliation: aDepartment of Allergy and Immunology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead bDepartment of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick cSydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Sam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mehr
authors.forename: Katie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Frith
authors.forename: Dianne E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Campbell
mesh_terms: D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004760:Enterocolitis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014674:Plant Proteins, Dietary / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012737:Sex Factors; D030262:Soybean Proteins / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D008894:Milk Proteins; D014674:Plant Proteins, Dietary; D030262:Soybean Proteins