title: Effects of D-004, a lipid extract from Cuban royal palm fruit, on inhibiting prostatic hypertrophy induced with testosterone or dihydrotestosterone in a rat model: A randomized, controlled study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Benign prostatic hypertrophy is the nonmalignant, uncontrolled growth of prostatic epithelial cells and stroma that, left untreated, may lead to difficult urination and other complications. A common treatment of BPH is lipid extract from saw palmetto fruit, and lipid extract from Cuban Royal palm (a palm of the same family) fruit is being studied for this use. One study found that the latter, D-004, at 100 to 400 mg/kg daily prevented prostatic hypertrophy (PH) induced with testosterone (T) in a rat model.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study comprised 2 experiments in a rat model. The first assessed the effects of different doses of D-004 on T-induced PH; the second investigated the effects of D-004 on PH induced with dihydrotestosterone (DHT).
  
  
  METHODS
  In experiment 1, rats were distributed in 6 groups of 10 rats each. One group received an SC injection of soy oil and oral treatment with Tween 65/water vehicle (negative control). The other 5 groups received an SC injection of T 3 mg/kg daily and oral treatment with vehicle (positive control) or D-004 at 50, 200, 400, or 800 mg/kg daily suspended in vehicle. In experiment 2, rats were distributed in 3 groups of 10 rats each. A negative control group received treatment as in experiment 1. Positive controls received an SC injection of DHT 1.5 mg/kg and vehicle orally. The third group received an SC injection of DHT and oral treatment with D-004 at 800 mg/kg suspended in vehicle. All treatments were given for 14 days. At sacrifice, prostates were removed and weighed. Mean prostatic weights and prostatic/body weight ratios were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In experiment 1, in the groups receiving D-004 at 200, 400, or 800 mg/kg daily, prostatic weight was significantly lower compared with the positive control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, and P < 0.001, respectively); this effect was not seen in the group receiving 50 mg/kg daily. In the groups receiving D-004 at 400 and 800 mg/kg daily, prostatic/body weight ratio was significantly lower compared with positive controls (both, P < 0.05); this effect was not seen in the groups receiving 50 or 200 mg/kg daily. In experiment 2, prostatic weight and prostatic/body weight ratio in the group receiving D-004 were similar to those of positive controls. Body weight was not affected in any of the groups receiving D-004.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study of rats with T- or DHT-induced PH suggests that D-004 at 200 to 800 mg/kg daily administered orally prevents T-induced PH, and that D-004 at 800 mg/kg daily does not prevent DHT-induced PH.
authors.affiliation: Centre of Natural Products, National Center for Scientific Research, Havana, Cuba.
authors.forename: Daisy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Carbajal
authors.affiliation: Centre of Natural Products, National Center for Scientific Research, Havana, Cuba.
authors.forename: Maria de Lourdes
authors.initials: Mde L
authors.lastname: Arruzazabala
authors.affiliation: Centre of Natural Products, National Center for Scientific Research, Havana, Cuba.
authors.forename: Más
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rosa
authors.affiliation: Centre of Natural Products, National Center for Scientific Research, Havana, Cuba.
authors.forename: Vivian
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Molina
authors.affiliation: Centre of Natural Products, National Center for Scientific Research, Havana, Cuba.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Centre of Natural Products, National Center for Scientific Research, Havana, Cuba.
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: González
keywords: benign prostatic hypertrophy; dihydrotestosterone; prostatic enlargement; testosterone