title: Usefulness of optical coherence tomography to detect central serous chorioretinopathy in monkeys.
abstract: Many systemic drugs can induce ocular toxicity and several ocular side-effects have been identified in clinical studies. However, it is difficult to detect ocular toxicity in preclinical studies because of the lack of appropriate evaluation methods. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is useful because it can provide real-time images throughout a study period, whereas histopathology only provides images of sacrificed animals. Using OCT alongside histopathology, attempts were made to find effective approaches for screening of drug-induced ocular toxicity in monkeys. Such approaches could be used in preclinical studies prior to human trials. Six male cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis Raffles) were orally administered one of six candidate MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK) inhibitors. Central serous chorioretinopathy, a known side-effect of such inhibitors, was identified in four monkeys by OCT. Artifacts generated during tissue processing meant that histopathology could not detect edematous changes. Thus, OCT is a useful tool to detect ocular toxicity which cannot be detected by histopathology in preclinical studies.
authors.affiliation: Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 138736, Korea; Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 138736, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Kyu
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Woori
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jo
authors.forename: Hyun-Ji
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Bongcheol
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Gilnam
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jeongbeob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Suk Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Choung-Soo
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Eun Kyung
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Jung Jin
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Joo Yong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Young Hee
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Woo-Chan
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Son
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D056833:Central Serous Chorioretinopathy / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008297:Male; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases
keywords: MEK inhibitor; central serous chorioretinopathy; monkey; ocular toxicity; optical coherence tomography