title: Proteomics analysis of the DF-1 chicken fibroblasts infected with avian reovirus strain S1133.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Avian reovirus (ARV) is a member of the Orthoreovirus genus in the Reoviridae family. It is the etiological agent of several diseases, among which viral arthritis and malabsorption syndrome are the most commercially important, causing considerable economic losses in the poultry industry. Although a small but increasing number of reports have characterized some aspects of ARV infection, global changes in protein expression in ARV-infected host cells have not been examined. The current study used a proteomics approach to obtain a comprehensive view of changes in protein levels in host cells upon infection by ARV.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proteomics profiles of DF-1 chicken fibroblast cells infected with ARV strain S1133 were analyzed by two-dimensional differential-image gel electrophoresis. The majority of protein expression changes (≥ 1.5 fold, p<0.05) occurred at 72 h post-infection. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry identified 51 proteins with differential expression levels, including 25 that were upregulated during ARV infection and 26 that were downregulated. These proteins were divided into eight groups according to biological function: signal transduction, stress response, RNA processing, the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, and cytoskeleton organization. They were further examined by immunoblotting to validate the observed alterations in protein expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first report of a time-course proteomic analysis of ARV-infected host cells. Notably, all identified proteins involved in signal transduction, RNA processing, and the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway were downregulated in infected cells, whereas proteins involved in DNA synthesis, apoptosis, and energy production pathways were upregulated. In addition, other differentially expressed proteins were linked with the cytoskeleton, metabolism, redox regulation, and stress response. These proteomics data provide valuable information about host cell responses to ARV infection and will facilitate further studies of the molecular mechanisms underlying ARV pathogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology and College of Life Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wen-Ting
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology and College of Life Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Le
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology and College of Life Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology and College of Life Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chao-Sheng
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology and College of Life Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hong-Lin
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Science, National Hsinchu University of Education, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsiu-Chuan
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology and College of Life Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Wen
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology and College of Life Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsien-Sheng
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Yin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002645:Chickens; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D015151:Immunoblotting; D030101:Orthoreovirus, Avian / Q000502:physiology*; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D012088:Reoviridae Infections / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D020543:Proteome