title: Daytime sleepiness: associations with alcohol use and sleep duration in americans.
abstract: The aim of the current analysis was to investigate the relationship of daytime sleepiness with alcohol consumption and sleep duration using a population sample of adult Americans. Data was analyzed from adult respondents of the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2008 (N = 2919) using self-reported variables for sleepiness, sleep duration, and alcohol consumption (quantity and frequency of alcohol use). A heavy drinking episode was defined as the consumption of ≥5 standard alcoholic beverages in a day. Logistic regression models adjusted for sociodemographic variables and insomnia covariates were used to evaluate the relationship between daytime sleepiness and an interaction of alcohol consumption variables with sleep duration. The results showed that daytime sleepiness was reported by 15.07% of the subjects. In univariate analyses adjusted for covariates, an increased probability of daytime sleepiness was predicted by decreased log drinks per day [OR = 0.74 (95% CI, 0.58-0.95)], a decreased log drinking frequency [0.90 (95% CI, 0.83-0.98)], and lower sleep duration [OR = 0.75 (95% CI, 0.67-0.84)]. An interaction between decreased sleep duration and an increased log heavy drinking frequency predicted increased daytime sleepiness (P = 0.004). Thus, the effect of sleep duration should be considered when evaluating the relationship between daytime sleepiness and heavy drinking.
authors.affiliation: MIRECC VISN-4, Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University & Woodland Avenues, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA ; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Subhajit
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5225-3489
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chakravorty
authors.affiliation: University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.affiliation: Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA ; West Chester University of Pennsylvania, West Chester, PA 19383, USA.
authors.forename: Ninad
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1350-1093
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chaudhary
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Philip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Kozak
authors.affiliation: Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Michael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Perlis
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Holly R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Shue
authors.affiliation: Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Grandner