title: Evaluation of Oral Ginger Efficacy against Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting: A Randomized, Double - Blinded Clinical Trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Postoperative nausea and vomiting is one of the most common side effects associated with surgical procedures.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ginger on intensity of nausea and vomiting after surgical procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was a randomized, double blinded, clinical trial. 160 eligible patients were randomly assigned into experimental or placebo groups. The experimental group received 4 capsules containing 250 mg ginger and placebo group received 4 placebo capsules 1 hour before surgery. The severity of nausea and vomiting was measured at 2, 4, 6 hours post operation using visual analogue scale and a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed by independent t - test, Mann-Whitney U test, chi -square and GEE using SPSS 16 and STATA version 11.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean nausea score at 2 hours post operation was significantly lower in the experimental group (P= 0.04). Mean nausea score at 4 and 6 hours post operation was lower in the experimental group; however, there was no significant difference between the groups at any time post operation. The frequencies of nausea in the experimental group at 2 and 6 hours post operation were lower than that in the placebo group, however, at 2 hours post operation, it was borderline significant (P = 0.05) There was no significant differences between two group in the intensity of vomiting at any time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of ginger was effective at decreasing postoperative nausea. Ginger could be used as a safe antiemetic drug at post operation.
authors.affiliation: Center for Health-Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Akram Sadat
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Montazeri
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Azam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hamidzadeh
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Development Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raei
authors.affiliation: School of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Malihe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mohammadiun
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Azam Sadat
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Montazeri
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mirshahi
authors.affiliation: School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Hosein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rohani
keywords: Ginger; Nausea; Vomiting