title: Overexpression of long non-coding RNA HOTAIR predicts poor patient prognosis and promotes tumor metastasis in epithelial ovarian cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as new regulators in the cancer paradigm, the involvement of lncRNAs in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is just beginning to be studied. In this study, we focused on lncRNA HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) and investigated its expression pattern, clinical significance, and biological function in EOC.
  
  
  METHODS
  HOTAIR expression in EOC tissues was examined and its correlation with clinicopathological factors and patient prognosis was analyzed. A series of in vitro and in vivo assays were performed to understand the role of HOTAIR in EOC metastasis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HOTAIR expression was elevated in EOC tissues, and HOTAIR levels were highly positively correlated with the FIGO stage, the histological grade of the tumor, lymph node metastasis, and reduced overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). A multivariate analysis showed that HOTAIR expression is an independent prognostic factor of OS and DFS in patients with EOC. Additionally, the results of in vitro assays showed that the suppression of HOTAIR expression in the three highly metastatic EOC cell lines (SKOV3.ip1, HO8910-PM, and HEY-A8) significantly reduced cell migration/invasion. The results of in vivo assays further confirmed the pro-metastatic effects of HOTAIR. Moreover, the pro-metastatic effects of HOTAIR were partially mediated by the regulation of certain matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that HOTAIR plays a vital role in EOC metastasis and could represent a novel prognostic marker and potential therapeutic target in patients with EOC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai 200011, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, 413 Zhaozhou Road, Shanghai 200011, China.
authors.forename: Jun-jun
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University, 1630 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China.
authors.forename: Ying-ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Le-chi
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai 200011, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, 413 Zhaozhou Road, Shanghai 200011, China.
authors.forename: Jing-xin
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai 200011, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, 413 Zhaozhou Road, Shanghai 200011, China.
authors.forename: Wei-wei
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai 200011, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, 413 Zhaozhou Road, Shanghai 200011, China.
authors.forename: Hong-yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai 200011, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, 413 Zhaozhou Road, Shanghai 200011, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai 200011, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, 413 Zhaozhou Road, Shanghai 200011, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai 200011, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, 413 Zhaozhou Road, Shanghai 200011, China. Electronic address: huakeqin@126.com.
authors.forename: Ke-qin
authors.initials: KQ
authors.lastname: Hua
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000077216:Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005260:Female; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009375:Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: C561566:HOTAIR long untranslated RNA, human; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering
keywords: HOTAIR; Invasion; Metastasis; Ovarian cancer; Prognosis