title: Quantitative and descriptive comparison of four acoustic analysis systems: vowel measurements.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examines accuracy and comparability of 4 trademarked acoustic analysis software packages (AASPs): Praat, WaveSurfer, TF32, and CSL by using synthesized and natural vowels. Features of AASPs are also described.
  
  
  METHODS
  Synthesized and natural vowels were analyzed using each of the AASP's default settings to secure 9 acoustic measures: fundamental frequency (F0), formant frequencies (F1-F4), and formant bandwidths (B1-B4). The discrepancy between the software measured values and the input values (synthesized, previously reported, and manual measurements) was used to assess comparability and accuracy. Basic AASP features are described.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results indicate that Praat, WaveSurfer, and TF32 generate accurate and comparable F0 and F1-F4 data for synthesized vowels and adult male natural vowels. Results varied by vowel for women and children, with some serious errors. Bandwidth measurements by AASPs were highly inaccurate as compared with manual measurements and published data on formant bandwidths.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Values of F0 and F1-F4 are generally consistent and fairly accurate for adult vowels and for some child vowels using the default settings in Praat, WaveSurfer, and TF32. Manipulation of default settings yields improved output values in TF32 and CSL. Caution is recommended especially before accepting F1-F4 results for children and B1-B4 results for all speakers.
authors.forename: Carlyn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Burris
authors.forename: Houri K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Vorperian
authors.forename: Marios
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fourakis
authors.forename: Ray D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Kent
authors.forename: Daniel M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Bolt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003143:Communication Devices for People with Disabilities / Q000592:standards*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010700:Phonetics; D012985:Software Design; D013060:Speech; D013061:Speech Acoustics; D013068:Speech Production Measurement; D049250:Speech Recognition Software / Q000592:standards*