title: Antibodies against Mycobacterial proteins as biomarkers for HIV-associated smear-negative tuberculosis.
abstract: Serology data are limited for patients with sputum smear-negative HIV-associated active tuberculosis (TB). We evaluated the serum antibody responses against the mycobacterial proteins MPT51, MS, and echA1 and the 38-kDa protein via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in South African (S.A.) HIV-positive (HIV(+)) smear-negative TB patients (n = 56), U.S. HIV(+) controls with a positive tuberculin skin test (TST(+); n = 21), and S.A. HIV-negative (HIV(-)) (n = 18) and HIV(+) (n = 24) controls. TB patients had positive antibody reactivity against MPT51 (73%), echA1 (59%), MS (36%), and the 38-kDa protein (11%). Little reactivity against MPT51 and echA1 was observed in control groups at low risk for TB, i.e., S.A. HIV(-) (0% and 6%, respectively), and at moderate risk for TB development, i.e., U.S. HIV(+) TST(+) controls (14% and 10%, respectively). By contrast, more reactivity was detected in the S.A. HIV(+) control group at higher risk for TB (25% and 45%, respectively). Our data hold promise that antibody detection against MPT51 and echA1 might have adjunctive value in the detection of HIV(+) smear-negative TB and might reflect increasing Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection activity in asymptomatic HIV(+) individuals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Siev
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Edendale Hospital, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Supreet
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kainth
authors.affiliation: Ragon Institute of the Massachusetts General Hospital, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA KwaZulu-Natal Research Institute for Tuberculosis and HIV, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa HIV Pathogenesis Programme, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
authors.forename: Victoria O
authors.initials: VO
authors.lastname: Kasprowicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Catherine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Feintuch
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Jenny-Avital
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA jacqueline.achkar@einstein.yu.edu.
authors.forename: Jacqueline M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Achkar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood*; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000276:immunology*; D008292:Malate Synthase / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*; D013019:South Africa; D013183:Sputum / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D014374:Tuberculin Test; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: C075966:Ag38 antigen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers; D008074:Lipoproteins; C082911:MPT51 protein, Mycobacterium; D008292:Malate Synthase