title: The biological functions and signaling mechanisms of the p75 neurotrophin receptor.
abstract: The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)) regulates a wide range of cellular functions, including programmed cell death, axonal growth and degeneration, cell proliferation, myelination, and synaptic plasticity. The multiplicity of cellular functions governed by the receptor arises from the variety of ligands and co-receptors which associate with p75(NTR) and regulate its signaling. P75(NTR) promotes survival through interactions with Trk receptors, inhibits axonal regeneration via partnerships with Nogo receptor (Nogo-R) and Lingo-1, and promotes apoptosis through association with Sortilin. Signals downstream of these interactions are further modulated through regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP) of p75(NTR) and by interactions with numerous cytosolic partners. In this chapter, we discuss the intricate signaling mechanisms of p75(NTR), emphasizing how these signals are differentially regulated to mediate these diverse cellular functions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 625 Light Hall, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Kraemer
authors.forename: S O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Carter
mesh_terms: D033942:Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002453:Cell Cycle; D002470:Cell Survival; D006801:Humans; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000502:physiology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000502:physiology; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000502:physiology; D020800:Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D020917:Receptor, trkA / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D000099183:Sortilin
chemical_list: D033942:Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011498:Protein Precursors; D020800:Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor; D020917:Receptor, trkA; D000099183:Sortilin