title: Prevalence of nurses' smoking habits in psychiatric and general hospitals in China.
abstract: This study determined the prevalence of lifetime and current smoking and the correlates of current smoking in nurses working in psychiatric and general hospitals in China. Of 807 distributed questionnaires, 799 nurses who were working in two psychiatric hospitals (n=387, 48.4%), and one general hospital (n=412, 51.6%) had analyzable data. Socio-demographic, alcohol use and smoking data were collected with a self-reported questionnaire. Work-related stress was evaluated with the Nurse Stress Inventory. In the whole sample, the lifetime smoking prevalence was 7.6% (females=2.1% vs. males=48.9%, p<0.0001; psychiatric nurses=14.5% vs. non-psychiatric nurses=1.2%, p<0.0001). The prevalence of current smoking was 7.1% (females=2.1% vs. males=44.7%, p<0.0001; psychiatric nurses=13.4% vs. non-psychiatric nurses=1.2%, p<0.0001). In a multiple logistic regression analysis, age 30 years or older, male gender, having children, being a psychiatric nurse and alcohol consumption were positively associated with smoking, while being a nursing officer was negatively associated with smoking (r(2) = 0.513, p<0.0001). Considering the harmful effects of smoking as well as second-hand smoking in the presence of children, effective measures to promote smoking cessation for male, older and psychiatric nurses and those with children are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, China.
authors.forename: Feng-Rong
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. Electronic address: xyutly@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yu-Tao
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.affiliation: University of Iowa College of Nursing, Iowa City, IA, USA.
authors.forename: Liuyang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: First Hospital of Peking University, Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: University of Notre Dame Australia/Marian Centre, Perth, Australia; School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
authors.forename: Gabor S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Ungvari
authors.affiliation: Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Sally Wai-Chi
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: The Nethersole School of Nursing, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
authors.forename: Doris S F
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
authors.forename: Kelly Y C
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Shenzhen Mental Health Centre, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Yun-Ke
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Shenzhen Mental Health Centre, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Jiao-Ying
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, China.
authors.forename: Ping-Ping
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Jiaolong
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Division of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, Glen Oaks, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Christoph U
authors.initials: CU
authors.lastname: Correll
authors.affiliation: University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Newhouse
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
authors.forename: Helen F K
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Chiu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006769:Hospitals, General; D006778:Hospitals, Psychiatric; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009726:Nurses / Q000523:psychology*; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000523:psychology; D015995:Prevalence; D011568:Psychiatric Nursing; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires