title: Predicting coronary heart disease using risk factor categories for a Japanese urban population, and comparison with the framingham risk score: the suita study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Framingham risk score (FRS) is one of the standard tools used to predict the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD). No previous study has investigated its efficacy for a Japanese population cohort. The purpose of this study was to develop new coronary prediction algorithms for the Japanese population in the manner of the FRS, and to compare them with the original FRS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Our coronary prediction algorithms for Japanese were based on a large population-based cohort study (Suita study). The study population comprised 5,521 healthy Japanese. They were followed-up for 11.8 years on average, and 213 cases of CHD were observed. Multiple Cox proportional hazard model by stepwise selection was used to construct the prediction model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our coronary prediction algorithms for Japanese patients were based on a large populationbased cohort study (the Suita study). A multiple Cox proportional hazard model by stepwise selection was used to construct the prediction model. The C-statistics showed that the new model had better accuracy than the original and recalibrated Framingham scores. The net reclassification improvement (NRI) by the Suita score with the inclusion of CKD was 41.2% (P＜0.001) compared with the original FRS. The recalibration of the FRS slightly improved the efficiency of the prediction, but it was still worse than the Suita score with the CKD model. The calibration analysis suggested that the original FRS and the recalibrated FRS overestimated the risk of CHD in the Japanese population. The Suita score with CKD more accurately predicted the risk of CHD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The FRS and recalibrated FRS overestimated the 10-year risk of CHD for the Japanese population. A predictive score including CKD as a coronary risk factor for the Japanese population was more accurate for predicting CHD than the original Framingham risk scores in terms of the C-statics and NRI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center.
authors.forename: Kunihiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Tomonori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okamura
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Michikazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakai
authors.forename: Misa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takegami
authors.forename: Aya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Higashiyama
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kokubo
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Okayama
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D014505:Urban Population
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers