title: Endoscopic stenting in bile duct cancer increases liver volume.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Objective evaluation tools for assessing the effectiveness of stenting in palliative treatment of malignant biliary obstruction are not satisfactory. Effects of biliary stenting on liver volume change have never been studied.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to use volumetry to analyze liver volume changes after endoscopic stenting in bile duct cancer according to the location and number of stents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with a diagnosis of hilar or distal bile duct cancer and who underwent biliary metal stenting.
  
  
  METHODS
  ERCP with self-expandable metal stent placement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Liver volume change after biliary stenting and its comparison according to the location (hilar vs distal common bile duct) and number (hilar bilateral vs hilar unilateral).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 60 patients; 31 were treated for hilar bile duct cancer (13 for bilateral stent and 18 for unilateral stent) and 29 for distal bile duct cancer. Overall mean follow-up duration was 11.7 ± 4.9 weeks. Liver volume increased 17.4 ± 24.1%. The rate of liver growth was rapid during the early period from 4 to 8 weeks. Stenting in hilar bile duct cancer tended to increase liver volume more than distal biliary stents (22.5% vs 11.9%, P = .091). In hilar bile duct cancer, unilateral and bilateral stents showed similar liver volume increases (20.1% and 25.8%, respectively; P = .512).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Single center, retrospective.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Biliary stenting markedly increased liver volume in both hilar and distal bile duct cancer. Our data suggest that liver volume assessment could be a useful tool for evaluating stent efficacy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea.
authors.forename: Chang Hun
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea.
authors.forename: Seong Hun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea.
authors.forename: In Hee
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Wook
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea.
authors.forename: Soo Teik
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea.
authors.forename: Dae Ghon
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Do
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hee Chul
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea.
authors.forename: Baik Hwan
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Ok
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic / Q000601:surgery*; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; D002779:Cholestasis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009929:Organ Size; D010166:Palliative Care; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents; D016896:Treatment Outcome