title: Effects of mild and global cognitive impairment on the prevalence of fear of falling in community-dwelling older adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Few studies have reported the relationship between fear of falling (FoF) and mild and global cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults. We aimed to determine whether the status of cognitive impairment affects the prevalence of FoF in community-dwelling older adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study among 4474 community-dwelling older adults who participated in the Obu Study of Health Promotion for the Elderly.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants underwent cognitive tests and were divided into three groups: cognitive healthy, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and global cognitive impairment (GCI). FoF and related variables, such as fall history, physical function, and depression, were also investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of FoF was significantly different by group (p<0.001; healthy: 43.6%, MCI: 50.6%, GCI: 40.6%). Logistic regression analysis showed that GCI (odds ratio=0.63; 95% confidence interval=0.526-0.76) was independently associated with FoF, after controlling for confounding factors. Older adults with GCI showed the lowest prevalence of FoF, although they had the lowest physical function comparing with the other groups (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MCI and GCI in community-dwelling older adults affect the prevalence of FoF in a completely different manner. Further study is required to determine whether insensitivity to FoF with GCI increases the risk of falling in older adults.
authors.affiliation: Section for Health Promotion, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan; Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: uemura@ncgg.go.jp.
authors.forename: Kazuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uemura
authors.affiliation: Section for Health Promotion, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.affiliation: Section for Health Promotion, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan; Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hyuma
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Makizako
authors.affiliation: Section for Health Promotion, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan.
authors.forename: Takehiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Doi
authors.affiliation: Section for Health Promotion, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan.
authors.forename: Kota
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsutsumimoto
authors.affiliation: Section for Health Promotion, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Section for Health Promotion, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Anan
authors.affiliation: Section for Health Promotion, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Section for Physical Functioning Activation, Department of Functioning Activation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan.
authors.forename: Sangyoon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Section for Physical Functioning Activation, Department of Functioning Activation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan.
authors.forename: Hyuntae
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan.
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005239:Fear; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006801:Humans; D057187:Independent Living; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology
keywords: Anosognosia; Cognitive decline; Falls; Mild cognitive impairment; Mini-Mental State Examination