title: Clinical outcomes after treatment of periodontal intrabony defects with nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (Ostim) or enamel matrix derivatives (Emdogain): a randomized controlled clinical trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Periodontitis is an inflammatory process in response to dental biofilm and leads to periodontal tissue destruction. The aim of this study was the comparison of outcomes using either an enamel matrix derivative (EMD) or a nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (NHA) in regenerative periodontal therapy after 6 and 12 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a parallel group, prospective randomized study design, we enrolled 19 patients in each group. The primary outcome was bone fill after 12 months. Attachment gain, probing pocket depth (PPD) reduction, and recession were secondary variables. Additionally, early wound healing and adverse events were assessed. Data analysis included test of noninferiority of NHA group (test) compared to EMD group (reference) in bone fill. Differences in means of secondary variables were compared by paired t-test, frequency data by exact χ(2) test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both groups showed significant bone fill, reduction of PPD, increase in recession, and gain of attachment after 6 and 12 months. No significant differences between groups were found at any time point. Adverse events were comparable between both groups with a tendency of more complaints in the NHA group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The clinical outcomes were similar in both groups. EMD could have some advantage compared to NHA regarding patients comfort and adverse events. The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00757159.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Elyan
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1296-6940
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Al Machot
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lorenz
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Ihssan
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1863-6173
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Khalili
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0423-7107
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Noack
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D006882:Hydroxyapatites / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007430:Intraoperative Care; D008875:Middle Aged; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010519:Periodontium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins; D006882:Hydroxyapatites; C000591214:Ostim-Pastes; C109069:enamel matrix proteins