title: Association of metabolically abnormal but normal weight (MANW) and metabolically healthy but obese (MHO) individuals with arterial stiffness and carotid atherosclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Despite recent interest in differential impact of body size phenotypes on cardiovascular outcomes and mortality, studies evaluating the association between body size phenotypes and indicators of atherosclerosis are limited. This study investigated the relationship of metabolically abnormal but normal weight (MANW) and metabolically healthy but obese (MHO) individuals with arterial stiffness and carotid atherosclerosis in Korean adults without cardiovascular disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1012 participants (575 men and 437 women, mean age 50.8 years), who underwent a health examination between April 2012 and May 2013 were prospectively enrolled based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Study subjects were classified according to body mass index (BMI) and the presence/absence of metabolic syndrome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW), MANW, MHO, and metabolically abnormal obese (MAO) were 54.84%, 6.42%, 22.83%, and 15.91%, respectively. Individuals with MANW had significantly higher brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and maximal carotid intima-media thickness values than those with MHO, after adjusting for age and gender (P = 0.026 and P = 0.018, respectively). The odds ratio (OR) of arterial stiffness and carotid atherosclerosis in the MANW group were significantly higher than in the MHNW group in unadjusted models. Furthermore, multivariable models showed that increased OR of carotid atherosclerosis in the MANW group persisted even after adjusting for confounding factors (OR = 2.98, 95% CI = [1.54, 5.73], P = 0.011).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared to MHNW or MHO subjects, Korean men and women with the MANW phenotype exhibited increased arterial stiffness and carotid atherosclerosis.
  NCT01594710.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: deisy21@naver.com.
authors.forename: Hye Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: hwangsy214@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Soon Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: naeyo21@naver.com.
authors.forename: Ho Cheol
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: kahlua99@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Hae Yoon
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: seo-ji-a@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Ji A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: k50367@korea.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Sin Gon
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: nhkendo@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nan Hee
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: cdongs@kumc.or.kr.
authors.forename: Dong Seop
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: 103hyun@korea.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Sei Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Baik
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: medica7@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kyung Mook
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D044466:Asian People; D001835:Body Weight; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D059289:Vascular Stiffness
keywords: Atherosclerosis; Metabolically abnormal but normal weight; Metabolically healthy but obese