title: Study of risk factors associated with peripheral arteriopathy in Japanese-Brazilians from Bauru (SP).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in developed and emerging countries. Their main etiology, atherosclerosis, is a disseminated disease that affects the coronary, cerebral and peripheral territories. The peripheral arterial disease (PAD), as well as its consequences, indicates the involvement of the coronary territory. Therefore, its better understanding enables proper treatment, delaying local and long-term complications, reducing the cost to the health system.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study estimates the percentage of PAD in Japanese-Brazilians from Bauru (SP), recognized by the high prevalence of metabolic disorders such as hypertension (43%), diabetes mellitus (33%) and hypercholesterolemia (60%), and examines the association with risk biomarkers.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional population study evaluated 1,330 Japanese-Brazilians of both genders aged≥30 who underwent a complete physical examination, anthropometric measurements, laboratory tests and ankle-brachial index (ABI). Participants with ABI≤0.90 were diagnosed as having PAD. After applying the exclusion criteria, 1,038 individuals were part of the analysis. We used Poisson regression to analyze associations with PAD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age was 56.8 years and the percentage of PAD was 21.1%, equal among the genders. PAD was associated with smoking (PR 2.16 [1.33 to 3.48]) and hypertension (PR 1.56 [1.12-2.22]).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The percentage of PAD in Japanese-Brazilians was similar to other populations of adverse cardiometabolic profile (US PARTNERS and POPADAD). The independent association of PAD with smoking and hypertension, but not with other classical risk factors, may depend on the very high frequencies of metabolic disorders in this population.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Luciana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Garofolo
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Saude Publica, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Sandra Roberta G
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Cirurgia, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo.
authors.forename: Fausto
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Miranda Junior
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D055109:Ankle Brachial Index; D000886:Anthropometry; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D058065:Diabetic Cardiomyopathies / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D007564:Japan / Q000208:ethnology; D008297:Male; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology