title: Current management of presbyopia.
abstract: Presbyopia is a physiologic inevitability that causes gradual loss of accommodation during the fifth decade of life. The correction of presbyopia and the restoration of accommodation are considered the final frontier of refractive surgery. Different approaches on the cornea, the crystalline lens and the sclera are being pursued to achieve surgical correction of this disability. There are however, a number of limitations and considerations that have prevented widespread acceptance of surgical correction for presbyopia. The quality of vision, optical and visual distortions, regression of effect, complications such as corneal ectasia and haze, anisometropia after monovision correction, impaired distance vision and the invasive nature of the currently techniques have limited the utilization of presbyopia surgery. The purpose of this paper is to provide an update of current procedures available for presbyopia correction and their limitations.
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Clinic, Athens Metropolitan Hospital, Athens, Greece ; Ophthalmology Department, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Pandelis A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Papadopoulos
authors.affiliation: Medical Faculty, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Alexandros P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Papadopoulos
mesh_terms: D000065:Accommodation, Ocular / Q000502:physiology; D003315:Cornea / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000601:surgery; D011305:Presbyopia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D054140:Refractive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012590:Sclera / Q000601:surgery
keywords: Presbyopia; Surgical Correction; Treatment