title: Retinal cell imaging in myopic chickens using adaptive optics multiphoton microscopy.
abstract: Abnormal eye growth induced by visual deprivation can modify the structure and density of the retinal cells. We have used an adaptive optics multiphoton microscope to image photoreceptors (PRs) and ganglion cells (GCs) at different retinal locations in unstained retinas of chicken eyes with about 10D of myopia and their normal-sighted fellow eyes. In all samples, the local averaged inter-PR distance increased with eccentricity. No significant differences in PR density were found between control and myopic eyes. GC density declined in myopic eyes compared to control eyes and the inter-cell distance increased. In normal eyes, the size of the GC cell bodies increased approximately two-fold between the area centralis and the peripheral retina. In myopic eyes, this trend was preserved but the GC bodies were larger at each retinal location, compared to control eyes. Obviously, GC morphology is changing when the retinal area is enlarged in myopic eyes.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Óptica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo (Ed.34), 30100 Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bueno
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Óptica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo (Ed.34), 30100 Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Palacios
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Óptica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo (Ed.34), 30100 Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Anastasia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giakoumaki
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Óptica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo (Ed.34), 30100 Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Emilio J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Gualda
authors.affiliation: Section of Neurobiology of the Eye, Ophthalmic Research Institute, Calwerstrasse 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schaeffel
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Óptica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo (Ed.34), 30100 Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Artal
keywords: (110.1080) Active or adaptive optics; (170.3880) Medical and biological imaging; (170.4470) Ophthalmology; (180.4315) Nonlinear microscopy