title: Evaluation of indirect drug susceptibility testing using the MODS assay for the detection of XDR-TB in China.
abstract: METHODS
  The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University and the Chest Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi, China.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the performance and feasibility of the microscopic observation drug susceptibility (MODS) assay for the simultaneous detection of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) in a high-burden, resource-limited setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 208 archived clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were used to compare MODS with the conventional proportion method for the rapid detection of resistance to rifampicin (RMP) and isoniazid (INH), as well as to the second-line drugs ofloxacin (OFX) and kanamycin (KM).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sensitivity was respectively 94.5%, 91%, 96.2% and 91.5% for RMP, INH, OFX and KM, and specificity was respectively 97.5%, 96%, 100% and 98.7%. Results for MODS were obtained in a median time of 7 days (range 5-17).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MODS assay offers a simple, rapid, economical and feasible method for the detection of M. tuberculosis resistance to first- and second-line drugs in resource-limited settings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: Z-K
authors.initials: ZK
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chest Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: G-L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: W-T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: X-M
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: J-M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D002681:China; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D054908:Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D007612:Kanamycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008853:Microscopy; D009154:Mutation; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018579:Patient Selection; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012293:Rifampin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D007612:Kanamycin; D015242:Ofloxacin; D012293:Rifampin