title: The expanded tomato fruit volatile landscape.
abstract: The present review aims to synthesize our present knowledge about the mechanisms implied in the biosynthesis of volatile compounds in the ripe tomato fruit, which have a key role in tomato flavour. The difficulties in identifiying not only genes or genomic regions but also individual target compounds for plant breeding are addressed. Ample variability in the levels of almost any volatile compound exists, not only in the populations derived from interspecific crosses but also in heirloom varieties and even in commercial hybrids. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for all tomato aroma volatiles have been identified in collections derived from both intraspecific and interspecific crosses with different wild tomato species and they (i) fail to co-localize with structural genes in the volatile biosynthetic pathways and (ii) reveal very little coincidence in the genomic regions characterized, indicating that there is ample opportunity to reinforce the levels of the volatiles of interest. Some of the identified genes may be useful as markers or as biotechnological tools to enhance tomato aroma. Current knowledge about the major volatile biosynthetic pathways in the fruit is summarized. Finally, and based on recent reports, it is stressed that conjugation to other metabolites such as sugars seems to play a key role in the modulation of volatile release, at least in some metabolic pathways.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, CSIC-Universidad Politécnica Valencia, Ingeniero Fausto Elio s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: José L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Rambla
authors.affiliation: Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, PO Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Yury M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Tikunov
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, CSIC-Universidad Politécnica Valencia, Ingeniero Fausto Elio s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Monforte
authors.affiliation: Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, PO Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Arnaud G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Bovy
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, CSIC-Universidad Politécnica Valencia, Ingeniero Fausto Elio s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain agranell@ibmcp.upv.es.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Granell
mesh_terms: D053898:Biosynthetic Pathways; D005638:Fruit / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013649:Taste; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds
keywords: Aroma; QTLs; Solanum; conjugation; flavour; fruit; tomato; volatile organic compounds.