title: Evaluation of Bax and Bak gene mutations and expression in breast cancer.
abstract: Genetic analyses have provided evidence to suggest that Bax and Bak are the essential genes for apoptosis in mammalians cells. This study aimed to search for biomarkers in breast cancer to be used as prognostic markers for the disease. The Bak and Bax genes expressions were analyzed in 23 breast cancer patients by RT-PCR technique. SSCP technique was used to detect the mobility of the abnormal fragment in Bak exon 4. PCR for Bax promoter was digested with Tau 1 restriction enzyme to identify a single polymorphism G(-248)A. The expression of Bak gene is related to several clinical factors of breast cancer. The analysis of Bax RNA showed 4 isoforms of Bax with different distributions in the normal and tumor tissues. These isoforms were Bax α , d, δ , and ζ . Exon 4 had a normal pattern in all cases of breast cancer. There was a statistically significant difference in the frequency distribution of the G(-248)A genotypes in the breast cancer tissues with grade 3+high, T2 stage, lobular +other, and PR -ve subgroups. In this study, Bak expression seems to lead to development of breast cancer and affects the disease progression. Also, Bax d and Bax δ could be used as risk factor and biomarker for breast cancer with the distribution of G284A.
authors.affiliation: Immunogenetics, National Research Centre, Cairo 11516, Egypt.
authors.forename: Naglaa Mohamed
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Kholoussi
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science, Minufiya University, Menufia, Egypt.
authors.forename: Sobhy E H
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: El-Nabi
authors.affiliation: Molecular Genetics and Enzymology, National Research Centre, Cairo 11516, Egypt.
authors.forename: Nora Nassef
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Esmaiel
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Minufiya University, Menufia, Egypt.
authors.forename: Naser Mohamed
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Abd El-Bary
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Minufiya University, Menufia, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: El-Kased
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D050998:bcl-2 Homologous Antagonist-Killer Protein / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020033:Protein Isoforms; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D050998:bcl-2 Homologous Antagonist-Killer Protein; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein