title: Yin Yang 1 contributes to gastric carcinogenesis and its nuclear expression correlates with shorter survival in patients with early stage gastric adenocarcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Yin Yang 1 (YY1) is a transcription factor that regulates diverse biological processes and increasing recognized to have important roles in carcinogenesis. The function and clinical significance of YY1 in gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) have not been elucidated.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, the functional role of YY1 in gastric cancer was investigated by MTT proliferation assays, monolayer colony formation, cell cycle analysis, signaling pathway analysis, Western blot analysis and in vivo study through YY1 knockdown or overexpression. Immunohistochemical study with YY1 antibody was performed on tissue microarray consisting of 247 clinical GAC samples. The clinical correlation and prognosis significance were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  YY1 expression was up-regulated in gastric cancer cell lines and primary gastric cancers. Knocking down YY1 by siYY1 inhibited cell growth, inducing G1 phase accumulation and apoptosis. Ectopic YY1 expression enhanced cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Knocking down YY1 in gastric cancer cells suppressed proliferation by inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin pathway, whereas its overexpression exerted oncogenic property by activating Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In primary GAC samples, YY1 nuclear expression correlated with shorter survival and predicted poor prognosis in early stage GACs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data demonstrated that YY1 contributes to gastric carcinogenesis in gastric cancer. In early stage GACs YY1 might serve as a poor prognostic marker and possibly as a potential therapeutic target.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Joanna H M
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: Anthony W H
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Junhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yujuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Shiyan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Weiqin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Frankie M C
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Sin
authors.forename: Simon S M
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Alfred S L
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory in Oncology in South China, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China. kfto@cuhk.edu.hk.
authors.forename: Ka Fai
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: To
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D015153:Blotting, Western; D063646:Carcinogenesis; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D017931:DNA Primers; D006801:Humans; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015854:Up-Regulation; D050986:YY1 Transcription Factor / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D050986:YY1 Transcription Factor; C494698:YY1 protein, human