title: Stability of penicillin G sodium diluted with 0.9% sodium chloride injection or 5% dextrose injection and stored in polyvinyl chloride bag containers and elastomeric pump containers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The stability of penicillin G sodium solutions stored in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) bags or elastomeric pump containers was studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  Test samples were prepared by diluting powdered penicillin G sodium (10 million units/10-mL vial) to solutions of 2,500 or 50,000 units/mL with 0.9% sodium chloride injection or 5% dextrose injection. The preparations were transferred to 250-mL PVC bags and elastomeric pump containers. All samples were prepared in triplicate and stored at 5°C. Chemical stability was measured by a stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) assay and by pH evaluation. Particulate matter was evaluated according to compendial standards using a light-obscuration particle count test. Preparations were visually examined throughout the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 21 days of storage, all test samples remained chemically stable, with an HPLC assay recovery value of more than 90% of the initial value. After 28 days, all samples prepared with either diluent and stored in PVC bags, as well as the samples diluted to 2,500 units/mL with sodium chloride injection and stored in elastomeric pump containers, did not meet the recovery acceptance limit. For all test samples, the mean pH consistently decreased during storage, from about 6.4 to about 5.5. Particle counts remained acceptable throughout the study, and no change in appearance was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Penicillin G for injection (2,500 and 50,000 units/mL) diluted in 0.9% sodium chloride injection or 5% dextrose injection and stored at 5°C in PVC containers or elastomeric pump containers was physically and chemically stable for a period of at least 21 days.
authors.affiliation: Mirza Akram Hossain, B.Sc., is an M.Sc. candidate in pharmaceutics; and Mihaela Friciu, M.Sc., is Research Agent, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada. Sebastien Aubin, B.Pharm., is Pharmacist, Pharmacie Aubin-Lacasse, Wakefield, Quebec. Grégoire Leclair, B.Pharm., Ph.D., is Pharmacist, Assistant Professor of Pharmaceutics, and member of the Groupe de Recherche Universitaire sur le Médicament, Université de Montréal.
authors.forename: Mirza Akram
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hossain
authors.forename: Mihaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Friciu
authors.forename: Sebastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aubin
authors.forename: Grégoire
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Leclair
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004349:Drug Packaging; D004355:Drug Stability; D004356:Drug Storage; D020724:Elastomers / Q000737:chemistry; D005947:Glucose / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007267:Injections; D010400:Penicillin G / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride / Q000737:chemistry*; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D020724:Elastomers; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride; D005947:Glucose; D010400:Penicillin G