title: State of the art Raman techniques for biological applications.
abstract: Raman spectroscopy is a powerful tool for the elucidation of qualitative and quantitative information from biological systems and has huge potential in areas such as biotechnologies, drug discovery, agro-chemical research and clinical diagnostics. This report summarises the principal Raman techniques applied to biomedical systems and discusses the challenges that exist to the wide spread adoption of Raman spectroscopy.
authors.affiliation: National Physical Laboratory (NPL), Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Alasdair
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rae
authors.affiliation: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stosch
authors.affiliation: Czech Metrology Institute (CMI), Okruzni 31, Brno 638 00, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Klapetek
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, United States.
authors.forename: Angela R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Hight Walker
authors.affiliation: National Physical Laboratory (NPL), Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, United Kingdom. Electronic address: debdulal.roy@npl.co.uk.
authors.forename: Debdulal
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Roy
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D055095:Optics and Photonics; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Biomedical; Nonlinear optics; Quantification; Raman spectroscopy