title: Adult onset sporadic ataxias: a diagnostic challenge.
abstract: Patients with adult onset non-familial progressive ataxia are classified in sporadic ataxia group. There are several disease categories that may manifest with sporadic ataxia: toxic causes, immune-mediated ataxias, vitamin deficiency, infectious diseases, degenerative disorders and even genetic conditions. Considering heterogeneity in the clinical spectrum of sporadic ataxias, the correct diagnosis remains a clinical challenge. In this review, the different disease categories that lead to sporadic ataxia with adult onset are discussed with special emphasis on their clinical and neuroimaging features, and diagnostic criteria.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Unidade Ataxia, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Orlando Graziani Povoas
authors.initials: OG
authors.lastname: Barsottini
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Unidade Ataxia, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcus Vinicius Cristino de
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Albuquerque
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Unidade Ataxia, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Braga-Neto
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Unidade Ataxia, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Luiz
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Pedroso
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D002524:Cerebellar Ataxia / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging