title: [Liability of pediatric nurses for professional negligence in Taiwan: a case study].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Liability attribution and professional negligence in pediatric nursing are topics that have been neglected in Taiwan.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  (1) Identify the definitions of related criminal activities in accordance with domestic criminal law; (2) Elucidate the facts and the dispute in a current case involving a pediatric nurse; (3) Elucidate the principle of 'no punishment without law'; (4) Explore the reasons why the pediatric nurse in the current case received a verdict of 'not guilty'.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature review and case study approach were used to analyze a sentence reconsideration of the first instance No. 1 (2011) issued by the Taiwan high court, Kaohsiung branch court.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The conditions for the scrutiny of criminal activity under Taiwan criminal law are statement of facts, illegality (justifiable cause), and liability (excuse). In this case, the pediatric nurse was accused of failing to prevent an infant from suffocation and of not discharging her obligations as a nurse. The pediatric nurse rebutted the charge of criminal negligence. The intervening behaviors of the pediatric nurse were found to be legal and not culpable. In this case, the High Court and Supreme Court made a final criminal judgment based on the presumption of innocence, and the pediatric nurse was pronounced innocent of the charge.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This article intends to assist pediatric nurses understand their liabilities under Taiwan's criminal law. Pediatric nurses should gain a better understanding of the nature of liability for professional negligence in order to clarify how actions that may be illegal do not necessarily make nurses culpable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing/Master Program, Chang Jung Christian University, Taiwan, ROC. x2156@mail.cjcu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Hui-Man
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, I-Shou University, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Fan-Ko
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D016365:Liability, Legal; D008318:Malpractice / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D010371:Pediatric Nursing / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D013624:Taiwan
keywords: case study; liability; pediatric nurse; professional negligence