title: Surgical planning, three-dimensional model surgery and preshaped implants in treatment of bilateral craniomaxillofacial post-traumatic deformities.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the present study was to explore the treatment and outcomes of bilateral craniomaxillofacial post-traumatic deformities with surgical planning, 3-dimensional (3D) model surgery, and preshaped implants.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed the preoperative computed tomography (CT) data and designed preliminary surgical plans for 3 patients with bilateral craniomaxillofacial post-traumatic deformities. 3D resin skull models were produced using rapid prototyping technology, and 3D model surgery was performed to determine the location, reduction direction, and shift distance of the osteotomy and to optimize the surgical plans. Titanium plates or mesh were preshaped on the models and then implanted into the patients. The complications, symmetry of the maxillofacial regions, mouth opening, and occlusion were observed 1 month postoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients had good recovery of their facial contour, occlusion, and mouth opening and acceptable symmetry of the bilateral maxillofacial regions. No complications were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of surgical planning, 3D model surgery, and preshaped implants can provide surgical accuracy and efficiency and good therapeutic outcomes in the treatment of bilateral craniomaxillofacial post-traumatic deformities.
authors.affiliation: Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Junhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoguang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.affiliation: Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Lanfeng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Hang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. Electronic address: drliulei@163.com.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D001860:Bone Plates; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D003766:Dental Occlusion; D005004:Ethmoid Bone / Q000293:injuries; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D007572:Jaw Fractures / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008446:Maxillofacial Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D009295:Nasal Bone / Q000293:injuries; D009917:Orbital Fractures / Q000601:surgery; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods; D012887:Skull Fractures / Q000601:surgery*; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D013526:Surgical Mesh; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015051:Zygomatic Fractures / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D014025:Titanium