title: Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons could cause their oxidative DNA damage: a case study for college students in Guangzhou, China.
abstract: Human exposure to carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in cigarette smoking might result in generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induce formation of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). This study was designed to examine whether levels of 8-OHdG are associated with levels of urinary metabolites of PAHs. Two groups (smokers and non-smokers) were recruited from college students in Guangzhou, China. Their urine samples were collected and analyzed for ten urinary mono-hydroxylated PAHs (OH-PAHs) and 8-OHdG by liquid chromatography equipped with tandem mass spectrometer (LC/MS/MS). Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to examine correlations between urinary levels of 8-OHdG and OH-PAHs. No significant difference was observed for creatinine-adjusted OH-PAHs between smokers and non-smokers. The levels of 8-OHdG between smokers and non-smokers were comparative. OH-PAH levels in this study were 2-50 times higher than those in populations from other countries and areas. The estimated daily intake (EDI; μg/day) of PAHs ranged from 0.02 to 371.4, which were far lower than the reference doses (RfDs) specified by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Though smoking was a main factor, which affected the PAH exposure, it was not a dominant factor in the exposure to PAHs of Guangzhou college students. The environmental exposure could not be ignored. The sum concentrations of OH-PAHs (∑OH-PAHs) had a dose-increase relationship with 8-OHdG both for smokers and non-smokers, especially for smokers. Though people in Guangzhou bore higher PAH hazards, the estimated environmental risk was still under safe ranges.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, 510631, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Junnan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ruifang
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Shaoyou
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Dongru
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yuanxiu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yanshan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lv
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D002681:China; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004249:DNA Damage; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000652:urine; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000652:urine*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000652:urine*; D012907:Smoking / Q000652:urine*; D013334:Students; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D003849:Deoxyguanosine