title: Influence of copper pre-exposure on biochemical responses of the sea anemone Bunodosoma cangicum to changes in oxygen availability.
abstract: The influence of copper on the ability of the intertidal sea anemone Bunodosoma cangicum to cope with reactive oxygen species generation associated with changes in oxygen availability was evaluated. Sea anemones were kept under control condition or pre-exposed (96 h) to dissolved copper (6.1 μg ± 2.7 μg/L) and then subjected to a 6-h period of hypoxia (0.5mg O₂/L) followed by a 6-h period of re-oxygenation (7.5mg O₂/L). Antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radicals (ACAP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration, lipid peroxidation (LPO) level, and ATP concentration were evaluated. Control sea anemones showed variations in SOD and LPO while copper pre-exposed sea anemones displayed changes in ACAP, GSH, LPO and ATP. However, no clear pattern of change over time was observed. ACAP was lower in copper pre-exposed sea anemones than in the control ones during hypoxia and recovery. SOD activity was increased during hypoxia and reduced shortly after recovery in control sea anemones. GSH concentration was higher in copper pre-exposed sea anemones than in the control ones in all experimental conditions. The LPO level increased shortly after recovery in both groups of sea anemones, being higher in control sea anemones than in copper pre-exposed ones. ATP concentration showed transient changes in copper pre-exposed sea anemones, being lower in these sea anemones than in control ones during recovery. These findings suggest that B. cangicum possess mechanisms to prevent oxidative stress generated by changes in oxygen availability associated with the tidal cycle, which can be disturbed by pre-exposure to copper.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália km 8, 96203-900, Rio Grande, Brazil.
authors.forename: Laís Donini
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Abujamara
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália km 8, 96203-900, Rio Grande, Brazil.
authors.forename: Martina de Freitas
authors.initials: Mde F
authors.lastname: Prazeres
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas-Fisiologia Animal Comparada, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália km 8, 96203-900, Rio Grande, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vinícius Dias
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Borges
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália km 8, 96203-900, Rio Grande, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas-Fisiologia Animal Comparada, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália km 8, 96203-900, Rio Grande, Brazil. Electronic address: adaltobianchini@furg.br.
authors.forename: Adalto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bianchini
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D003300:Copper / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D010100:Oxygen / Q000502:physiology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D010507:Periodicity; D012615:Sea Anemones / Q000378:metabolism*; D012623:Seawater / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D003300:Copper; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Copper; Hypoxia; Oxidative stress; Sea anemone; Tidal cycle