title: Antiapoptotic actions of methyl gallate on neonatal rat cardiac myocytes exposed to H2O2.
abstract: Reactive oxygen species trigger cardiomyocyte cell death via increased oxidative stress and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. The prevention of cardiomyocyte apoptosis is a putative therapeutic target in cardioprotection. Polyphenol intake has been associated with reduced incidences of cardiovascular disease and better overall health. Polyphenols like epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) can reduce apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, resulting in better health outcomes in animal models of cardiac disorders. Here, we analyzed whether the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) or polyphenols EGCG, gallic acid (GA) or methyl gallate (MG) can protect cardiomyocytes from cobalt or H2O2-induced stress. We demonstrate that MG can uphold viability of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes exposed to H2O2 by diminishing intracellular ROS, maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential, augmenting endogenous glutathione, and reducing apoptosis as evidenced by impaired Annexin V/PI staining, prevention of DNA fragmentation, and cleaved caspase-9 accumulation. These findings suggest a therapeutic value for MG in cardioprotection.
authors.affiliation: Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada P3E 2C6.
authors.forename: Sandhya
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3263-9840
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khurana
authors.affiliation: Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada P3E 2C6 ; Department of Biology, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada P3E 2C6.
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3246-0960
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hollingsworth
authors.affiliation: Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada P3E 2C6.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Piche
authors.affiliation: Department of Gerontology, Huntington University, Sudbury, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Krishnan
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7714-4585
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Venkataraman
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada P3E 2C6 ; Biomolecular Sciences Program, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada P3E 2C6.
authors.forename: Aseem
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada P3E 2C6.
authors.forename: Gregory M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.affiliation: Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada P3E 2C6 ; Department of Biology, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada P3E 2C6 ; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada P3E 2C6 ; Biomolecular Sciences Program, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada P3E 2C6.
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Tai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D053453:Caspase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004249:DNA Damage; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000633:toxicity*; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: C052082:methyl gallate; D005707:Gallic Acid; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D053453:Caspase 9; D005978:Glutathione