title: Human monocytes produce interferon-gamma upon stimulation with LPS.
abstract: Representing a crucial T-helper 1 cytokine, IFN-γ acts as an important bridge between innate and adaptive immunity and is involved in many acute and chronic pathologic states, such as autoimmune diseases and solid organ transplant rejection. At present, debate still prevails about the ability of human monocytes to produce IFN-γ. We aimed to investigate whether human monocytes possess the capacity to produce IFN-γ at mRNA and protein level. Using real time PCR, flow cytometric analysis and ELISA, we investigated the capacity of freshly isolated CD14+ monocytes of healthy individuals and kidney transplant recipients to produce IFN-γ after stimulation with IFN-γ and LPS or LPS alone. We observed increased IFN-γ mRNA levels in CD14+ monocytes after stimulation as compared to the unstimulated controls in both populations. In addition, stimulation with IFN-γ and LPS or LPS alone led to a significant increase in the percentage of CD14+ monocytes producing TNF-α and IFN-γ at protein level (p<0.05). A trend towards increased secreted IFN-γ production in supernatants was also observed after LPS stimulation using ELISA. We conclude that human monocytes from healthy individuals and kidney transplant recipients possess the capacity to produce IFN-γ.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marina D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Kraaij
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Elly J F
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Vereyken
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Pieter J M
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Leenen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Thierry P P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: van den Bosch
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Farhad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rezaee
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Michiel G H
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Betjes
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Carla C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Baan
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: t.rowshani@erasmusmc.nl.
authors.forename: Ajda T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Rowshani
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000077552:Basiliximab; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D000077552:Basiliximab; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D016559:Tacrolimus; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C067980:CD68 antigen, human; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
keywords: IFN-γ; LPS; Macrophage; Monocytes; Transplantation