title: Tissue engineering bone using autologous progenitor cells in the peritoneum.
abstract: Despite intensive research efforts, there remains a need for novel methods to improve the ossification of scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Based on a common phenomenon and known pathological conditions of peritoneal membrane ossification following peritoneal dialysis, we have explored the possibility of regenerating ossified tissue in the peritoneum. Interestingly, in addition to inflammatory cells, we discovered a large number of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the peritoneal lavage fluid from mice with peritoneal catheter implants. The osteogenic potential of these peritoneal progenitor cells was demonstrated by their ability to easily infiltrate decalcified bone implants, produce osteocalcin and form mineralized bone in 8 weeks. Additionally, when poly(l-lactic acid) scaffolds loaded with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (a known osteogenic differentiation agent) were implanted into the peritoneum, signs of osteogenesis were seen within 8 weeks of implantation. The results of this investigation support the concept that scaffolds containing BMP-2 can stimulate the formation of bone in the peritoneum via directed autologous stem and progenitor cell responses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jinhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Ashwin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Ramesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Saxena
authors.affiliation: Departments of Physiology and Developmental Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Cheng Cheng
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Texas Health Physicians Group, Texas Health Arlington Memorial Hospital, Arlington, Texas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Borrelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000378:metabolism; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D015675:Osteocalcin; D019344:Lactic Acid