title: Comparative analysis of the tissue inflammatory response in human cutaneous and disseminated leishmaniasis.
abstract: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is the most frequent clinical form of tegumentary leishmaniasis and is characterised by a single or a few ulcerated skin lesions that may disseminate into multiple ulcers and papules, which characterise disseminated leishmaniasis (DL). In this study, cells were quantified using immunohistochemistry and haematoxylin and eosin staining (CD4+, CD68+, CD20+, plasma cells and neutrophils) and histopathology was used to determine the level of inflammation in biopsies from patients with early CL, late CL and DL (ulcers and papules). The histopathology showed differences in the epidermis between the papules and ulcers from DL. An analysis of the cells present in the tissues showed similarities between the ulcers from localised CL (LCL) and DL. The papules had fewer CD4+ T cells than the DL ulcers. Although both CD4+ cells and macrophages contribute to inflammation in early CL, macrophages are the primary cell type associated with inflammation intensity in late ulcers. The higher frequency of CD20+ cells and plasma cells in lesions demonstrates the importance of B cells in the pathogenesis of leishmaniasis. The number of neutrophils was the same in all of the analysed groups. A comparison between the ulcers from LCL and DL and the early ulcers and papules shows that few differences between these two clinical forms can be distinguished by observing only the tissue.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Avançado de Saúde Pública, Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fiocruz, Salvador, BA, Brasil.
authors.forename: Marina Loyola
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Dantas
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Avançado de Saúde Pública, Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fiocruz, Salvador, BA, Brasil.
authors.forename: Juliana Menezes Gomes Cabral de
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Serviço de Imunologia, Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil.
authors.forename: Lucas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Serviço de Imunologia, Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil.
authors.forename: Sara Timóteo
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Passos
authors.affiliation: Serviço de Imunologia, Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil.
authors.forename: Adriano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Queiroz
authors.affiliation: Serviço de Imunologia, Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil.
authors.forename: Luiz Henrique
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Guimarães
authors.affiliation: Serviço de Imunologia, Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil.
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.affiliation: Serviço de Imunologia, Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil.
authors.forename: Edgar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Avançado de Saúde Pública, Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fiocruz, Salvador, BA, Brasil.
authors.forename: Sérgio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arruda
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000032:analysis; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000469:parasitology*; D001706:Biopsy; D020405:Dermis / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D004801:Eosine Yellowish-(YS); D004817:Epidermis / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006416:Hematoxylin; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D016774:Leishmaniasis, Diffuse Cutaneous / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000469:parasitology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000469:parasitology*; D010950:Plasma Cells / Q000469:parasitology; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology*; D012883:Skin Ulcer / Q000469:parasitology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; C032127:leishmanin; D004801:Eosine Yellowish-(YS); D006416:Hematoxylin