title: Biomarker identification in breast cancer: Beta-adrenergic receptor signaling and pathways to therapeutic response.
abstract: Recent preclinical studies have associated beta-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) signaling with breast cancer pathways such as progression and metastasis. These findings have been supported by clinical and epidemiological studies which examined the effect of beta-blocker therapy on breast cancer metastasis, recurrence and mortality. Results from these studies have provided initial evidence for the inhibition of cell migration in breast cancer by beta-blockers and have introduced the beta-adrenergic receptor pathways as a target for therapy. This paper analyzes gene expression profiles in breast cancer patients, utilising Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) to identify molecular signatures corresponding to possible disease management pathways and biomarker treatment strategies associated with beta-2-adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) cell signaling. The adrenergic receptor relationship to cancer is investigated in order to validate the results of recent studies that suggest the use of beta-blockers for breast cancer therapy. A panel of genes is identified which has previously been reported to play an important role in cancer and also to be involved in the beta-adrenergic receptor signaling.
authors.affiliation: The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
authors.forename: Liana E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Kafetzopoulou
authors.affiliation: The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Boocock
authors.affiliation: The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
authors.forename: Gopal Krishna R
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Dhondalay
authors.affiliation: The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK ; Department of Cellular Pathology, Nottingham University Hospitals Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
authors.forename: Desmond G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Powe
authors.affiliation: The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
authors.forename: Graham R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Ball
keywords: Artificial Neural Networks; Beta-2-Adrenergic Receptor; Microarray Data; beta-blockers