title: Anesthesia for tracheostomy for huge maxillofacial tumor.
abstract: Providing sedation for patients with compromised upper airway is challenging. A 19-year-old female patient with huge maxillofacial tumor invading the whole pharynx scheduled for elective tracheostomy under local anesthesia due to compromised airway. The patient had gastrostomy tube for feeding. Venous cannulation was totally refused by the patient after repeated trials for exhausted sclerosed veins. Pre-operative mixture of dexmedetomidine with ketamine was administered through the gastrostomy tube with eutectic mixture of local anesthetics cream application over the planned tracheostomy site. The patient was sedated with eye opening to command. Local infiltration followed by tracheostomy was performed without patient complaints or recall of operative events.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abeer A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Arab
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ; Ain Shams University, Cario, Egypt.
authors.forename: Waleed A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Almarakbi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mazen S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Faden
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Wadeeah K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Bahaziq
keywords: Airway; oral dexmedetomidine; oral ketamine; sedation