title: The involvement of the vasa vasorum in the development of vasculitis in animal model of Kawasaki disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Kawasaki Disease (KD) involves a diffuse and systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology that mainly affects infants and children. Although a considerable number of analyses of the clinical, histopathological and molecular biological details underlying the mechanism responsible for the development of coronary arterial lesions, it is still poorly understood.The purpose of this study was to analyze the state of angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and the distribution of blood vessels using an animal model of KD like vasculitis. We investigated the involvement of the vasa vasorum from the adventitia in the vascular involvement and the development of the disease state by performing sequential histopathology, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and micro computed tomography (CT) studies using a murine model of vasculitis induced by the Candida albicans water-soluble fraction (CAWS).
  
  
  METHODS
  To prepare the animal model of KD like vasculitis, CAWS was intraperitoneally injected into C57BL/6N mice for five consecutive days as reported by Ohno et al. We observed the changes of the vasa vasorum at the aorta and the orifices of the coronary arteries by SEM and micro CT, and also compared the neovascularization at the media and adventitia of the aorta by an immunohistochemical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As previously reported, obvious inflammation was detected two weeks after the injection of CAWS, and also intimal thickening was observed three weeks after the injection. We found that the vasa vasorum in the adventitia of the aorta was increased in the model mice. The vasa vasorum started increasing one week after the injection of CAWS, before any obvious vasculitis was microscopically detected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present results indicate that the vasculitis in Kawasaki disease starts as a disorder of the vasa vasorum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Nephrology, Kyoto Prefectural, University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan. ahamaoka@koto.kpu-m.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hamaoka-Okamoto
authors.forename: Chinatsu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Tomoyo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yahata
authors.forename: Kazuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nagi-Miura
authors.forename: Naohito
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takamatsu
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hamaoka
mesh_terms: D063194:Adventitia / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000473:pathology*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000473:pathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009080:Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000473:pathology*; D014651:Vasa Vasorum / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014657:Vasculitis / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography