title: Metals and electrolytes in sclerotic hippocampi in patients with drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.
abstract: An altered metal and electrolyte profile has been implicated in the pathologic mechanisms of chronic epilepsy; however, no study has comprehensively measured hippocampal concentrations of these elements in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and hippocampal sclerosis (mTLE-HS). We therefore analyzed hippocampi of 24 patients with drug-resistant mTLE-HS (mean age 35.6 ± 9.4 years) who underwent anterior temporal lobe resection and amygdalohippocampectomy and 17 hippocampi obtained by autopsy from 13 controls (mean age 40.5 ± 12.9 years), using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Epileptic hippocampi showed significantly lower concentrations (μg/g of tissue) of copper (HS: 2.34 ± 0.12; control [C]: 3.57 ± 0.33; p < 0.001), manganese (HS: 0.205 ± 0.030; C: 0.409 ± 0.064; p = 0.004), and potassium (HS: 2,001 ± 59; C: 2,322 ± 61; p < 0.001), and increased sodium levels (HS: 1,131 ± 22; C: 1,040 ± 25; p = 0.010). Zinc, iron, calcium, and magnesium levels did not differ in HS and controls. In summary, copper and manganese levels are deficient, whereas iron level is unchanged in hippocampi from patients with mTLE-HS. Our results provide a basis for understanding the potential involvement of different metals and electrolytes in the pathology of HS.
authors.affiliation: Center for Epilepsy and Sleep Disorders, Neurology Clinic, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Aleksandar J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Ristić
authors.affiliation: Center for Epilepsy and Sleep Disorders, Neurology Clinic, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Dragoslav
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sokić
authors.affiliation: Institute for Neurosurgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Baščarević
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Snežana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Spasić
authors.affiliation: Center for Epilepsy and Sleep Disorders, Neurology Clinic, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Nikola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vojvodić
authors.affiliation: Institute of Forensic Medicine, Medical School, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Slobodan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Savić
authors.affiliation: Institute for Neurosurgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Savo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Raičević
authors.affiliation: Center for Epilepsy and Sleep Disorders, Neurology Clinic, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Maša
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kovačević
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research 'Siniša Stanković', University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Danijela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Savić
authors.affiliation: Life Sciences Department, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Spasojević
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000679:Amygdala / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D038481:Anterior Temporal Lobectomy; D003300:Copper / Q000032:analysis; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000032:analysis*; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008345:Manganese / Q000032:analysis; D008670:Metals / Q000032:analysis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011188:Potassium / Q000032:analysis; D012598:Sclerosis; D012964:Sodium / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D004573:Electrolytes; D008670:Metals; D008345:Manganese; D003300:Copper; D012964:Sodium; D011188:Potassium
keywords: Copper; Electrolytes; Hippocampal sclerosis; Manganese; Mesial temporal epilepsy