title: High nuclear expression of HDGF correlates with disease progression and poor prognosis in human endometrial carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the correlation between high nuclear expression of hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) and clinicopathologic data in endometrial carcinoma (EC), including patient survival.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and twenty-two endometrial carcinoma (EC) patients from 2002 to 2008 were reviewed in the study. HDGF expression in tumor tissues was examined using immunohistochemistry (IHC), and its association with clinicopathological parameters was evaluated. Tumors with 80% or more nuclei staining were regarded as high expression and tumors with less than 80% nuclei staining considered as low expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that HDGF was expressed in both the nucleus and cytoplasm. High nuclear expression of HDGF was positively correlated with FIGO stage (P = 0.032), but not associated with other clinical features, such as histological grading or lymph node status. Patients with high expression of HDGF had poorer overall survival rates than those with low expression of HDGF (P = 0.001). However, multivariate analyses showed that high nuclear expression of HDGF protein was not an independent predictor of prognosis for EC patients (P = 0.111). Our results suggest that high nuclear expression of HDGF is a potential unfavorable factor for the progression and prognosis of EC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
authors.forename: Lijing
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8449-5749
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China ; Department of Pathology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou 510150, China.
authors.forename: Qingping
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Shengni
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Mengyang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Qiangyun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Qiaofen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Weiyi
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1480-3707
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
authors.forename: Suiqun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary; D002467:Cell Nucleus; D018450:Disease Progression; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D004717:Endometrium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C051610:hepatoma-derived growth factor