title: Genotyping Mycobacterium bovis from cattle in the Central Pampas of Argentina: temporal and regional trends.
abstract: Mycobacterium bovis is the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis (TB), a disease that affects approximately 5% of Argentinean cattle. Among the molecular methods for genotyping, the most convenient are spoligotyping and variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR). A total of 378 samples from bovines with visible lesions consistent with TB were collected at slaughterhouses in three provinces, yielding 265 M. bovis spoligotyped isolates, which were distributed into 35 spoligotypes. In addition, 197 isolates were also typed by the VNTR method and 54 combined VNTR types were detected. There were 24 clusters and 27 orphan types. When both typing methods were combined, 98 spoligotypes and VNTR types were observed with 27 clusters and 71 orphan types. By performing a meta-analysis with previous spoligotyping results, we identified regional and temporal trends in the population structure of M. bovis. For SB0140, the most predominant spoligotype in Argentina, the prevalence percentage remained high during different periods, varying from 25.5-57.8% (1994-2011). By contrast, the second and third most prevalent spoligotypes exhibited important fluctuations. This study shows that there has been an expansion in ancestral lineages as demonstrated by spoligotyping. However, exact tandem repeat typing suggests dynamic changes in the clonal population of this microorganism.
authors.affiliation: Bacteriology Laboratory, School of Agricultural Sciences, National University of Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Ernesto
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.affiliation: School of Agronomy and Veterinary, National University of Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Analía
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Macías
authors.affiliation: Bacteriology Laboratory, School of Agricultural Sciences, National University of Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Paolicchi
authors.affiliation: School of Agronomy and Veterinary, National University of Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Magnano
authors.affiliation: School of Agronomy and Veterinary, National University of Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zapata
authors.affiliation: General Direction of Animal Production, Secretary of Production, Entre Ríos, Argentina.
authors.forename: Analía
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Pathology, School of Veterinary Sciences, National University of Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Canal
authors.affiliation: Pathobiology Institute, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Garbaccio
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Institute, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cataldi
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Institute, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Karina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Caimi
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Institute, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Martín
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zumárraga
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001118:Argentina; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D002417:Cattle; D030541:Databases, Genetic; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D060005:Genotyping Techniques / Q000639:trends / Q000662:veterinary*; D005843:Geography; D018598:Minisatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D060885:Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction; D009163:Mycobacterium bovis / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D014380:Tuberculosis, Bovine / Q000235:genetics* / Q000635:transmission