title: The immunomodulating role of exercise in metabolic disease.
abstract: A lack of physical activity is linked to the development of many chronic diseases. It is now well established that the immune system and inflammation play a central role in the development of numerous chronic metabolic diseases including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and specific types of cancer. Physical exercise elicits potent anti-inflammatory effects that are likely to account for many of the salutary actions of regular exercise on chronic metabolic diseases. Here we review the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory mechanisms by which the beneficial effects of exercise on chronic metabolic diseases may be mediated.
authors.affiliation: Cellular and Molecular Metabolism Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia. Electronic address: graeme.lancaster@bakeridi.edu.au.
authors.forename: Graeme I
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Lancaster
authors.affiliation: Cellular and Molecular Metabolism Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia. Electronic address: mark.febbraio@bakeridi.edu.au.
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Febbraio
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015444:Exercise; D006801:Humans; D007109:Immunity; D056747:Immunomodulation; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
keywords: anti-inflammatory; exercise; immune cells; inflammation; metabolic disease; muscle