title: Standing ophthalmic surgeries in horses.
abstract: Standing ophthalmic surgery without general anesthesia allows for several routine ophthalmic procedures including eyelid lacerations and enucleations to be performed in the horse, but does contain increased risk of causing tissue damage arising from the inability to eliminate eye and head movements. Heavy sedation and local nerve blocks of the involved motor and sensory nerves are essential in achieving a good outcome from ophthalmic surgery in the nonanesthetized horse. The inability to use an operating microscope in standing surgery in horses prevents performing precise corneal and intraocular microsurgeries.
authors.affiliation: Comparative Ophthalmology Service, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1352 Boyd Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA. Electronic address: mhenriks@umn.edu.
authors.forename: Michala
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Linde Henriksen
authors.affiliation: Comparative Ophthalmology Service, Departments of Large and Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, 2015 Southeast 16th Avenue, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA.
authors.forename: Dennis E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Brooks
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005143:Eyelids / Q000601:surgery; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D006736:Horses / Q000601:surgery*; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / Q000662:veterinary*
keywords: Eye; Horse; Ophthalmology; Standing surgery