title: Structure and antitumor and immunomodulatory activities of a water-soluble polysaccharide from Dimocarpus longan pulp.
abstract: A new water-soluble polysaccharide (longan polysaccharide 1 (LP1)) was extracted and successfully purified from Dimocarpus longan pulp via diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-cellulose anion-exchange and Sephacryl S-300 HR gel chromatography. The chemical structure was determined using Infrared (IR), gas chromatography (GC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. The results indicated that the molecular weight of the sample was 1.1 × 10(5) Da. Monosaccharide composition analysis revealed that LP1 was composed of Glc, GalA, Ara and Gal in a molar ratio of 5.39:1.04:0.74:0.21. Structural analysis indicated that LP1 consisted of a backbone of → 4)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → 4)-α-D-GALPA-(1 → 4)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → units with poly saccharide side chains composed of → 2)-β-D-Fruf-(1 → 2)-L-sorbose-(1 → attached to the O-6 position of the α-D-Glcp residues. In vitro experiments indicated that LP1 had significantly high antitumor activity against SKOV3 and HO8910 tumor cells, with inhibition percentages of 40% and 50%, respectively. In addition, LP1 significantly stimulated the production of the cytokine interferon-γ (IFN-γ), increased the activity of murine macrophages and enhanced B- and T-lymphocyte proliferation. The results of this study demonstrate that LP1 has potential applications as a natural antitumor agent with immunomodulatory activity.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China. fayanmeng@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Fa-Yan
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China. ningyuanling@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yuan-Ling
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang Nursing College, No. 209 Xuefu Road, Harbin 150036, Heilongjiang, China. jiaqi1a2@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 6 Taoyuan Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China. hezhou461@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Zhou
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China. jiejiang8084@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jie
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China. linjuanjuan8086@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Juan-Juan
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China. yanjunhuang69@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yan-Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China. onlythinkforyou@sina.com.
authors.forename: Fu-Sen
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China. xuehuali506@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Xue-Hua
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009005:Monosaccharides / Q000032:analysis; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029631:Sapindaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D009005:Monosaccharides; D028321:Plant Preparations; D011134:Polysaccharides; D014867:Water