title: Oral manifestations in patients with neurofibromatosis type-1: a comprehensive literature review.
abstract: Oral health status is jeopardized in patients with neurofibromatosis (NF) type-1 (NF-1). The aim of the present study was to comprehensively review the oral manifestations in NF-1 patients. PubMed/Medline and Google-Scholar databases were explored using different keywords. Reviews, commentaries, letters to Editor and articles published in languages other than English were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Neurofibromas of oral and perioral soft tissues with subsequent periodontitis, impacted and supernumerary teeth, enlarged alveolar process with dental spacing, morphological changes in teeth and class III molar relationship have been reported in NF-1 patients. Plexiform neurofibromas were reported both in oral soft tissue, maxilla and mandible with evidence of malignant transformation in some cases. Facial skeletal abnormalities, including enlargement of mandibular foramen, increased dimensions of the coronoid and sigmoid notches and notching of the posterior border of the mandible have also been reported. Association between dental caries and NF-1 remains unclear.
authors.affiliation: Eng. A. B. Research Chair for Growth Factors and Bone Regeneration, 3D Imaging and Biomechanical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: fawjav@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Fawad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Javed
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Sundar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ramalingam
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, Al-Farabi Dental College, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Hameeda Bashir
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Bhumija
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Dental Public Health Department, Elite Medical and Surgical Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Chalini
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sundar
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Periodontology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
authors.forename: Talat
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Qadri
authors.affiliation: Eng. A. B. Research Chair for Growth Factors and Bone Regeneration, 3D Imaging and Biomechanical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Khalid
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Al-Hezaimi
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Affairs, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Georgios E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Romanos
mesh_terms: D003731:Dental Caries / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D005881:Gingiva / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology; D009055:Mouth / Q000473:pathology*; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D009456:Neurofibromatosis 1 / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D014070:Tooth / Q000473:pathology
keywords: Dental; Inflammation; Neurofibromatosis type-I; Oral and periodontal