title: Pharmacokinetics of buprenorphine following intravenous and intramuscular administration in male rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta).
abstract: This study reports the pharmacokinetics of buprenorphine in conscious rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) after intravenous (i.v.) and intramuscular (i.m.) administration. Four healthy, opioid-naïve, socially housed, adult male macaques were used. Buprenorphine (0.03 mg/kg) was administered intravenously as a bolus or intramuscularly on separate occasions. Blood samples were collected prior to, and up to 24 h, postadministration. Serum buprenorphine concentrations were analyzed with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Noncompartmental pharmacokinetic analysis was performed with commercially available software. Mean residence time in the i.v. study as compared to the i.m. study was 177 (159-189) vs. 185 (174-214) min, respectively [median (range)]. In the i.v. study, concentration back-extrapolated to time zero was found to be 33.0 (16.8-57.0) ng/mL [median (range)]. On the other hand, the maximum serum concentration found in the i.m. study was 11.8 (6.30-14.8) ng/mL [median (range)]. Rhesus macaques maintained concentrations >0.10 ng/mL for over 24 h in the i.v. study and over 12 h in the i.m. study. Bioavailability was found to be 68.1 (59.3-71.2)% [median (range)]. No significant adverse effects were observed in the monkeys at the 0.03 mg/kg dose of buprenorphine during either study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Primate Medicine, California National Primate Research Center, Davis, CA, USA.
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: B H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Pypendop
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Christe
mesh_terms: D061605:Administration, Intravenous; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000818:Animals; D002047:Buprenorphine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008253:Macaca mulatta / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D002047:Buprenorphine