title: Endothelial wall thickness, cardiorespiratory fitness and inflammatory markers in obese and non-obese adolescents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Increased carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT) is considered a marker of early-onset atherosclerosis and it has been found in obese children and adolescents, but the risk factors associated with this population remain to be elucidated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare and verify the relationship between c-IMT, metabolic profile, inflammatory markers, and cardiorespiratory fitness in obese and non-obese children and adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-five obese subjects (19 boys) and 18 non-obese subjects (9 boys), aged 10-16 years, were included. Anthropometry, body composition, blood pressure, maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), and basal metabolic rate were evaluated. Serum glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), blood lipids, C-reactive protein (CRP), and adiponectin were assessed. c-IMT was measured by ultrasound.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that c-IMT, triglycerides, insulin, HOMA-IR, and CRP values were significantly higher in the obese group than in the non-obese group, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), adiponectin, and VO2max values were significantly lower in the obese group than in the non-obese group. The c-IMT was directly correlated with body weight, waist circumference, % body fat, and HOMA-IR and inversely correlated with % free fat mass, HDL-c, and VO2max.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings show that c-IMT correlates not only with body composition, lipids, insulin resistance, and inflammation but also with low VO2max values in children and adolescents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal do Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Larissa R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cláudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cavaglieri
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Wendell A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, Universidade do Parana, Francisco Beltrao, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pizzi
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Sport and Physical Activity, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Manuel J C
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Coelho-e-Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal do Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Neiva
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Leite
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D002648:Child; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018836:Inflammation Mediators