title: Using ImageJ to evaluate optic disc pallor in traumatic optic neuropathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate optic disc pallor using ImageJ in traumatic optic neuropathy (TON).
  
  
  METHODS
  This study examined unilateral TON patients. The optic disc was divided into 4 quadrants (temporal, superior, nasal, and inferior), consistent with the quadrants on optical coherence tomography (OCT) retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness maps. Optic disc photography was performed and disc pallor was quantified using gray scale photographic images imported into ImageJ software. The correlation between optic disc pallor and RNFL thickness was examined in each quadrant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 35 patients (31 male, 4 female) were enrolled in the study. The mean participant age was 34.8 ± 15.0 years (range, 5 to 63 years). Overall RNFL thickness decreased in 6 patients, with thinning most often occurring in the inferior quadrant (28 of 35 eyes). There was a significant correlation between optic disc pallor and RNFL thickness (superior, rho = -0.358, p = 0.04; inferior, rho = -0.345, p = 0.04; nasal, rho = -0.417, p = 0.01; temporal, rho = -0.390, p = 0.02). The highest level of correspondence between disc pallor and RNFL thickness values outside of the normative 95th percentiles was 39.3% and occurred in the inferior quadrant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Optic disc pallor in TON was quantified with ImageJ and was significantly correlated with RNFL thickness abnormalities. Thus, ImageJ evaluations of disc pallor may be useful for evaluating RNFL thinning, as verified by OCT RNFL analyses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kim's Eye Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sunah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kim's Eye Hospital, Seoul, Korea. ; Department of Ophthalmology, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Ungsoo Samuel
authors.initials: US
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003124:Colorimetry / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009896:Optic Atrophy / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D009901:Optic Nerve Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D020221:Optic Nerve Injuries / Q000473:pathology*; D010781:Photography / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012984:Software; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D015599:Trauma Severity Indices; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Fundus photography; Optic disc; Optic nerve injuries; Optical coherence tomography