title: Oncoplastic breast surgery with latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap for large defect in patients with ptotic breasts: is it feasible when combined with local flaps?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap (LDMCF) is frequently applied to breast cancer patients for breast reconstruction. However, the LDMCF is considered inappropriate for patients with ptotic breast. The authors investigated combining LDMCF and two local flaps for large defects of the breast after partial mastectomy in patients with ptosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nineteen patients with breast cancer underwent a partial mastectomy with immediate reconstruction. Reconstruction methods consisted of LDMCF, thoraco-epigastric flap, and inferior pedicled rotational local flap, referred to as a combined pedicle flap. The cosmetic results were self-assessed after chemotherapy and radiotherapy by a four-point scoring system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ptosis was graded as follows: two patients with grade 1, 10 patients with grade 2, and seven patients with grade 3. The mean tumor size was 2.7 cm and multifocality was identified in 11 patients (57.9%). The mean excised volume was 468.5 cm3 and the percentage of excised volume was 46.2%. The cosmetic results were excellent in five patients, good in seven patients, fair in six patients, and poor in one patient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combined pedicle flap, consisting of LDMCF, thoraco-epigastric flap, and inferior pedicled rotational local flap, allows good cosmesis in breast cancer patients with large breasts or ptosis despite a wide excision.
authors.forename: Seungju
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jeeyeon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Seokwon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Ami-dong 1-ga, Seo-gu, Busan 602-739, Republic of Korea. bytae@pusan.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Youngtae
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bae
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016462:Mammaplasty; D015412:Mastectomy, Segmental; D008875:Middle Aged; D064827:Myocutaneous Flap; D011379:Prognosis; D013524:Surgical Flaps