title: Recurrent miscarriages, innate immunity, and autoimmune reaction to chlamydial 60-kDa heat shock protein--is there an association?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate a potential association of immunity to the Chlamydia trachomatis 60kDa heat shock protein (ChlamHSP60) and recurrent miscarriages.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outpatient miscarriage clinic of a university-based hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  120 asymptomatic women with a history of recurrent miscarriages.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  METHODS
  Determination of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies (Ab) to ChlamHSP60 and human HSP60 and, in parallel, mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and the total hemolytic complement (CH50); medical history and clinical examination, including multiple relevant laboratory determinants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ChlamHSP60 Ab were detected in 24 (20%) of 120 patients. Antibodies to human HSP60 were found in 19 (15.8%) of 120 patients, and more frequently in individuals who tested positive for ChlamHSP60. ChlamHSP60 were statistically significantly associated with antichlamydial IgG Ab. However, antibodies to ChlamHSP60 were not related to medical history, the number of abortions, or the time frame of fetal loss. ChlamHSP60 antibodies were not associated with the relevant variables of the coagulation cascade, a panel of autoimmune parameters including thyroid autoimmunity, deficiencies of the complement system (low MBL), or with antibodies to common infectious diseases. No statistically significant differences were was found when comparing the prevalence of ChlamHSP60 Ab in the study group with recurrent miscarriages and 90 controls (women attending for an annual pelvic examination).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Immunity to ChlamHSP60 does not play a major role in the etiology of recurrent miscarriages.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive, Medicine, Women's Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: waltraud.eggert-kruse@med.uni-heidelberg.de.
authors.forename: Waltraud
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Eggert-Kruse
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive, Medicine, Women's Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Scholz
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kirschfink
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive, Medicine, Women's Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Strowitzki
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D000328:Adult; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood*; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D015551:Autoimmunity; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018834:Chaperonin 60 / Q000276:immunology*; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis / Q000276:immunology*; D015941:Complement Hemolytic Activity Assay; D005260:Female; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood*; D037601:Mannose-Binding Lectin / Q000097:blood; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001323:Autoantibodies; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers; D018834:Chaperonin 60; C060293:HSPD1 protein, human; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D037601:Mannose-Binding Lectin; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins
keywords: Chlamydia trachomatis; Chlamydial 60kDa heat shock protein (Chlam HSP60); complement; heat shock proteins (HSP); mannose-binding lectin (MBL); recurrent miscarriages; sexually transmitted diseases (STD); subclinical infection/inflammation markers