title: The effect of different bracket base cleaning method on shear bond strength of rebonded brackets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effect of different bracket base conditioning method on shear bond strength (SBS) of rebonded brackets.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty brackets were bonded to freshly extracted premolar teeth using light cured composite adhesive. SBS was measured for 20 random samples as control group (G1). After debonding, 60 debonded brackets were allocated randomly into three groups of bracket base conditioning methods to remove the remaining adhesives. G2: bracket base cleaned with slow speed round carbide bur (CB), G3: cleaned with ultrasonic scaler (US), G4: cleaned with sandblasting (SB). After that, brackets were rebonded in the same manner as frst bonding and SBS was measured. Modifed adhesive remnant index (ARI) was recorded for all groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SBS for new brackets was 11.95 MPa followed by 11.65 MPa for G2, 11.56 MPa for G4 and 11.04 MPa for G3 group. There were no statistically signifcant differences between all groups (p = 0.946). In all groups, failure mode showed that the majority of adhesive composite remained on the bracket base with ARI of 4. There was no statistically signifcant difference between all groups in ARI (p = 0.584).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In-offce methods; slow speed CB and US are effective, quick and cheap methods for bracket base cleaning for rebonding.
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan, e-mail: efalmaaitah@just.edu.jo.
authors.forename: Emad F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Al Maaitah
authors.affiliation: Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
authors.forename: Sawsan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alomari
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
authors.forename: Elham S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Abu Alhaija
authors.affiliation: Master Student, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
authors.forename: Ahmed Am
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Saf
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods; D000268:Adhesiveness; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000295:instrumentation; D045662:Dental Etching / Q000379:methods; D012534:Dental Scaling / Q000295:instrumentation; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D006801:Humans; D055115:Light-Curing of Dental Adhesives / Q000295:instrumentation; D008422:Materials Testing; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D033081:Shear Strength; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D017973:Tungsten Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D014465:Ultrasonics / Q000295:instrumentation
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D019279:Resin Cements; C516047:Transbond XT Light Cure Adhesive Primer; D017973:Tungsten Compounds; C002802:tungsten carbide; C030242:phosphoric acid