title: Impact of a long term fire retardant (Fire Trol 931) on the leaching of Na, Al, Fe, Mn, Cu and Si from a Mediterranean forest soil: a short-term, lab-scale study.
abstract: Long term fire retardant (LTR) application for forest fire prevention purposes as well as wildland fires can result in chemical leaching from forest soils. Large quantities of sodium (Na), aluminium (Al), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu) and silicon (Si) in leachates, mainly due to ammonium (one of the major LTR components) soil deposition, could affect the groundwater quality. The leaching of Na, Al, Fe, Mn, Cu and Si due to nitrogen based LTR application (Fire Trol 931) was studied at laboratory scale. The concentrations of Na(+), Al(3+), Fe(3+)/Fe(2+), Mn(2+), Cu(2+) and Si(4+) were measured in the resulting leachates from pots with forest soil and pine trees alone and in combination with fire. The leaching of Na, Fe and Si from treated pots was significantly greater than that from control pots. The leaching of Al, Mn and Cu was extremely low.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., 157 80, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Sofia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koufopoulou
authors.forename: Charalampos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Michalopoulos
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tzamtzis
authors.forename: Athina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pappa
mesh_terms: D000535:Aluminum / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D003300:Copper / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D005411:Flame Retardants; D007501:Iron / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D008345:Manganese / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D019083:Mediterranean Region; D058955:Metalloids / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D008670:Metals / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D008956:Models, Chemical; D011122:Polyphosphates / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D012825:Silicon / Q000737:chemistry; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry*; D014197:Trees
chemical_list: C000589461:Fire Trol 931; D005411:Flame Retardants; D058955:Metalloids; D008670:Metals; D011122:Polyphosphates; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D008345:Manganese; D003300:Copper; D000535:Aluminum; D007501:Iron; D012825:Silicon