title: Clinical evaluation of high mobility group box 1 protein in Legionella pneumophila pneumonia.
abstract: High mobility group box 1 (HMGB-1) protein is involved in acute lung injury due to various etiologies. We evaluated HMGB-1 levels in sera and bronchoalveolar fluids in patients with pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila. Levels of HMGB-1 in the sera of patients with L. pneumophila pneumonia (32 cases) and control subjects (24 cases) were determined. Serum HMGB-1 levels in Legionella pneumonia were similar to those of the control subjects. No significant correlation between HMGB-1 levels and other biomarkers and the outcome of cases was observed. In contrast, HMGB-1 levels, as well as interferon-γ, in bronchoalveolar (BA) fluids from severe L. pneumophila pneumonia (7 cases) were significantly higher than those in the sera of identical patients. HMGB-1 levels in BA fluids were relatively higher in pneumonia cases with ALI than those without ALI. Our findings suggest that intra-pulmonary HMGB-1 may be involved in the pathophysiology of pneumonia caused by L. pneumophila.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious, Respiratory, and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 903-0215 Okinawa, Japan. Electronic address: fhiga@med.u-ryukyu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Futoshi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Higa
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious, Respiratory, and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 903-0215 Okinawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Furugen
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious, Respiratory, and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 903-0215 Okinawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Michio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koide
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious, Respiratory, and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 903-0215 Okinawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Yosuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Karimata
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious, Respiratory, and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 903-0215 Okinawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Daijiro
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nabeya
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious, Respiratory, and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 903-0215 Okinawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iha
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious, Respiratory, and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 903-0215 Okinawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kinjo
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious, Respiratory, and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 903-0215 Okinawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyagi
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious, Respiratory, and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 903-0215 Okinawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Shusaku
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haranaga
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious, Respiratory, and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 903-0215 Okinawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hokama
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious, Respiratory, and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 903-0215 Okinawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tateyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious, Respiratory, and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 903-0215 Okinawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Jiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fujita
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology*; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000502:physiology; D007877:Legionnaires' Disease / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D024243:HMGB1 Protein; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor; D007371:Interferon-gamma
keywords: Acute lung injury; High-mobility group box 1 protein; Legionella; Pneumonia