title: Immunogen design to focus the B-cell repertoire.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This review aims to bring together recent developments relevant to the design of HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein-based immunogens to elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The combined use of structural biology and deep sequencing of antigen-specific B-cell lineages has allowed cross-sectional and longitudinal views of antibody evolution towards broad and potent neutralization of HIV-1. Recent advances in molecular modelling allied with protein and glycoprotein engineering have fuelled the design of new-generation viral envelope glycoproteins (Env)-based antigens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although proof-of-principle for vaccine elicitation of bNAbs to HIV-1 is still lacking, many of the conceptual hurdles are being addressed.
authors.affiliation: Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Quentin J
authors.initials: QJ
authors.lastname: Sattentau
mesh_terms: D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000276:immunology*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000276:immunology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120