title: Patient-related factors associated with depressive state in caregivers of patients with dementia at home.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify patient-related factors associated with depressive state in caregivers of patients with dementia, we investigated the caregivers' and patients' characteristics in relation to the depressive state in their caregivers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective hospital-based cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two memory clinics in Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outpatients with dementia (n = 135) and their caregivers at home.
  
  
  METHODS
  The outpatients and their caregivers were divided into 2 groups according to the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale for caregivers. To identify the patient-related factors that cause depressive state in caregivers, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Physical Self-Maintenance Scale for fundamental activities of daily living (ADL), and the instrumental ADL scale (IADL) scores for instrumental ADL and the neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI) subscale score for behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia were compared between the 2 groups. We used logistic regression to determine the independent predictors of caregiver depressive state.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference in MMSE score between the 2 groups. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the depressive state in caregivers was related with IADL score and delusion in NPI subscale of patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Depressive state in caregivers was independent of the decline in cognitive function in patients with dementia but was associated with decline in instrumental ADL and severity of delusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Asuka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yatabe
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Mashiki Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yuuki
authors.affiliation: Kumamoto Mental Health Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Kunio
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan. Electronic address: mikeda@kumamoto-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ikeda
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology*; D003704:Dementia; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006699:Home Care Services; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
keywords: Activities of daily living; caregiver; dementia; depression