title: Ivermectin reduces sexual behavior in female rats.
abstract: Ivermectin (IVM) is an antiparasitic drug that is widely used in domestic animals. In mammals, IVM acts as a γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor agonist. This neurotransmitter plays an important role in the regulation of female sexual behavior. The present study investigated the effects of therapeutic (0.2 mg/kg) and high (1.0 mg/kg) IVM doses on female sexual behavior in physiological and pharmacological conditions. Female rats in estrus or treated with estradiol valerate to induce sexual behavior 24 h before the experiments were used. Ivermectin was administered 15 min before the sexual observations. The number of lordosis events in 10 mounts was recorded to calculate the lordosis quotient. The intensity of lordosis (0 [no lordosis], 1 [low lordosis], 2 [normal lordosis] and 3 [exaggerated lordosis]) was scored. In estrus and hormonal treated female rats, both IVM doses decreased the intensity of the lordosis reflex and the percentage of females that presented high levels of lordosis (exaggerated lordosis). However, the number of females that presented lordosis was unaltered. We conclude that in both hormonal conditions, 0.2mg/kg IVM treatment reduced female sexual behavior and the execution of the lordosis reflex. The present results may be useful for avoiding the side effects of this drug in veterinary practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program of Environmental and Experimental Pathology and Graduate Program of Dentistry, Paulista University, UNIP, Rua Dr. Bacelar, São Paulo, SP 1212, Brazil. Electronic address: marthabernardi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Bernardi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Spinosa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003270:Contraceptive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004958:Estradiol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D003270:Contraceptive Agents; D007306:Insecticides; D004958:Estradiol; D007559:Ivermectin
keywords: Avermectins; Estrogen-induced sexual behavior; Estrus; Intensity of lordosis; Lordosis quotient