title: Diversity and stability of cultured vaginal lactobacilli in pregnant women from a multi-ethnic urban UK population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the diversity and stability of cultured vaginal lactobacilli in a multi-ethnic population of pregnant women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A single-centre, prospective, cohort study was performed in a tertiary perinatal centre in East London, UK. Self-collected vaginal swabs at 13 and 20 weeks gestation were obtained from women attending for routine antenatal care and cultured for lactobacilli. In women who provided both swabs, 37 of 203 (18%) had no lactobacilli cultured at either time. Only 53 (26%) had the same species at both times. Black women were less likely to have lactobacilli cultured at 13 weeks (P = 0·014), and Black and Asian women were less likely to have lactobacilli cultured at 20 weeks (P = 0·002) compared with those in the White and Other groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Significant differences exist between ethnic groups in the carriage and stability of vaginal lactobacilli.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These differences have implications for the design of interventions aimed at normalizing the vaginal microbiota in pregnant women.
authors.affiliation: Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK; Neonatal Unit, Homerton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Husain
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wilks
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mupita
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Hennessy
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Macfarlane
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Millar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D044383:Black People; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics*; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers; D006113:United Kingdom; D014621:Vagina / Q000382:microbiology*; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
keywords: lactobacilli; pregnancy; preterm birth; vaginal microbiota