title: The impact of the addition of iodoform on the physicochemical properties of an epoxy-based endodontic sealer.
abstract: Due to the low radiopacity of Sealer 26, iodoform is frequently empirically added to this sealer. Thus, the interference of this procedure with the physicochemical properties of Sealer 26 must be evaluated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the influence of the addition of iodoform on setting time, flow, solubility, pH, and calcium release of an epoxy-based sealer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The control group was pure Sealer 26, and the experimental groups were Sealer 26 added with 1.1 g, 0.55 g or 0.275 g of iodoform. Setting time evaluation was performed in accordance with the ASTM C266-03 speciflcation. The analysis of flow and solubility was in accordance with the ISO 6876-2001 speciflcation. For the evaluation of pH and calcium ion release, polyethylene tubes were filled with the materials and immersed in flasks with 10 ml of deionized water. After 24 h, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 45 days pH was measured. In 45 days, the calcium released was evaluated with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The addition of iodoform increased setting time in comparison with pure sealer (P<0.05). As for flow, solubility, and calcium release, the mixtures presented results similar to pure sealer (p>0.05). In the 24 h period, the mixture with 1.1 g and 0.55 g of iodoform showed lower pH than pure sealer and than sealer added with 0.275 g of iodoform (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The iodoform added to Sealer 26 interferes with its setting time and solubility properties. Further studies are needed to address the clinical signiflcance of this interference.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Milton Carlos
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kuga
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gisele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Faria
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcus Vinicius
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Só
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Katia Cristina
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Keine
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Materials, Dental School, Municipal Foundation of Education and Culture, Santa Fe do Sul, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alailson Domingos dos
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marco Antonio Hungaro
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Patricia Maria Poli
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Kopper
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001729:Bismuth / Q000737:chemistry*; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D004853:Epoxy Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D006847:Hydrocarbons, Iodinated / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008422:Materials Testing; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004853:Epoxy Resins; D006847:Hydrocarbons, Iodinated; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; C080620:Sealer 26; C534916:epoxy resin-based root canal sealer; C010473:iodoform; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide; D001729:Bismuth