title: Three-dimensional location of micrometer-sized particles in macroscopic domains using astigmatic aberrations.
abstract: This Letter presents a theoretical and experimental image formation study in the presence of astigmatic aberrations. A three-dimensional, macroscopic location scheme of micrometer-sized particles for the single camera astigmatism particle tracking velocimetry (APTV) technique is introduced. Average particle z position determination errors of the technique are as low as 0.33%, with a measurement depth of 40 mm. These accuracies show APTV's ability of measuring volumetric velocity fields in macroscopic domains with limited optical access.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fuchs
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hain
authors.forename: Christian J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Kähler