title: Optimisation of pressurised liquid extraction (PLE) for rapid and efficient extraction of superficial and total mineral oil contamination from dry foods.
abstract: Pressurised liquid extraction (PLE) represents a powerful technique which can be conveniently used for rapid extraction of mineral oil saturated (MOSH) and aromatic hydrocarbons (MOAH) from dry foods with a low fat content, such as semolina pasta, rice, and other cereals. Two different PLE methods, one for rapid determination of superficial contamination mainly from the packaging, the other for efficient extraction of total contamination from different sources, have been developed and optimised. The two methods presented good performance characteristics in terms of repeatability (relative standard deviation lower than 5%) and recoveries (higher than 95%). To show their potentiality, the two methods have been applied in combination on semolina pasta and rice packaged in direct contact with recycled cardboard. In the case of semolina pasta it was possible to discriminate between superficial contamination coming from the packaging, and pre-existing contamination (firmly enclosed into the matrix).
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, University of Udine, Via Sondrio 2A, 33100 Udine, Italy. Electronic address: sabrina.moret@uniud.it.
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moret
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, University of Udine, Via Sondrio 2A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
authors.forename: Marianna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scolaro
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, University of Udine, Via Sondrio 2A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Barp
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, University of Udine, Via Sondrio 2A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
authors.forename: Giorgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Purcaro
authors.affiliation: BÜCHI Labortechnik AG, Meierseggstrasse 40, 9230 Flawil, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Maren
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sander
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, University of Udine, Via Sondrio 2A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
authors.forename: Lanfranco S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Conte
mesh_terms: D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000379:methods*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D005506:Food Contamination; D006841:Hydrocarbons, Aromatic; D059625:Liquid-Liquid Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D008899:Mineral Oil / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D006841:Hydrocarbons, Aromatic; D008899:Mineral Oil
keywords: Food contamination; Mineral oil aromatic hydrocarbons (MOAH); Mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons (MOSH); On-line LC–GC; Pressurised liquid extraction (PLE)