title: The c-MYC protooncogene expression in cholesteatoma.
abstract: Cholesteatoma is an epidermoid cyst, which is most frequently found in the middle ear. The matrix of cholesteatoma is histologically similar to the matrix of the epidermoid cyst of the skin (atheroma); their epithelium is characterized by hyperproliferation. The c-MYC protooncogene located on chromosome 8q24 encodes a transcription factor involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation. Previous studies have found aneuploidy of chromosome 8, copy number variation of c-MYC gene, and the presence of elevated level c-MYC protein in cholesteatoma. In this study we have compared the expression of c-MYC gene in samples taken from the matrix of 26 acquired cholesteatomas (15 children and 11 adults), 15 epidermoid cysts of the skin (atheromas; head and neck region) and 5 normal skin samples (retroauricular region) using RT-qPCR, providing the first precise measurement of the expression of c-MYC gene in cholesteatoma. We have found significantly elevated c-MYC gene expression in cholesteatoma compared to atheroma and to normal skin samples. There was no significant difference, however, in c-MYC gene expression between cholesteatoma samples of children and adults. The significant difference in c-MYC gene expression level in cholesteatoma compared to that of atheroma implies a more prominent hyperproliferative phenotype which may explain the clinical behavior typical of cholesteatoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, B-A-Z County Hospital and University Hospital, Szentpéteri Kapu 72-76, Miskolc 3526, Hungary.
authors.forename: Enikő
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Palkó
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Center, Nagyerdei Körút 98, Debrecen 4032, Hungary.
authors.forename: Szilárd
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Póliska
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Children's Hospital Heim Pál, Üllői Ut 86, Budapest 1083, Hungary.
authors.forename: Zsuzsanna
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Csákányi
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Children's Hospital Heim Pál, Üllői Ut 86, Budapest 1083, Hungary.
authors.forename: Gábor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Katona
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, B-A-Z County Hospital and University Hospital, Szentpéteri Kapu 72-76, Miskolc 3526, Hungary.
authors.forename: Tamás
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Karosi
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Military Hospital, Podmaniczky Utca 109-111, Budapest 1062, Hungary.
authors.forename: Frigyes
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8609-5765
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Helfferich
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Genetics, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Center, Nagyerdei Körút 98, Debrecen 4032, Hungary.
authors.forename: András
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Penyige
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Center, Nagyerdei Körút 98, Debrecen 4032, Hungary.
authors.forename: István
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sziklai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018424:Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear / Q000235:genetics* / Q000601:surgery; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058226:Plaque, Atherosclerotic / Q000235:genetics; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc