title: Investigation of the source of residual phthalate in sundried salt.
abstract: Phthalate contamination in sundried salt has recently garnered interest in Korea. Phthalate concentrations were investigated in Korean sundried salts, source waters, and aqueous extracts from polyvinyl chloride materials used in salt ponds. Preliminary screening results for phthalates in Korean sundried salts revealed that only di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) was over the limit of detection, with an 8.6% detection rate, and the concentration ranged from below the limit of detection to 0.189 mg/kg. The tolerable daily intake contribution ratio of the salt was calculated to be only 0.001%. Residual phthalates were below 0.026 mg/liter in source water, and the aqueous extracted di-n-butylphthalate, benzylbutylphthalate, and DEHP, which are considered endocrine disruptors, were below 0.029 mg/kg as derived from the polyvinyl chloride materials in salt ponds. The transfer ratios of the six phthalates from seawater to sundried salts were investigated; transfer ratio was correlated with vapor pressure (r(2) = 0.9875). Thus, di-n-butylphthalate, benzylbutylphthalate, DEHP, and di-n-octylphthalate can be considered highly likely residual pollutants in some consumer salts.
authors.affiliation: Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-707, Republic of Korea. setup75@korea.kr.
authors.forename: Jin Hyo
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Functional Food Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-707, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Monitoring and Analysis, NAKDONG River Basin Environmental Office, Ministry of Environment, Changwon 641-722, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: So-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D010795:Phthalic Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride / Q000737:chemistry*; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010795:Phthalic Acids; D012965:Sodium Chloride; C032279:phthalic acid; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride