title: Acid demineralization susceptibility of dental enamel submitted to different bleaching techniques and fluoridation regimens.
abstract: The aim of the current study was to assess the acid demineralization susceptibility of bleached dental enamel submitted to different fluoride regimens. One hundred bovine enamel blocks (6×6×3 mm) were randomly divided into 10 groups (n=10). Groups 1 and 2 received no bleaching. Groups 3 to 6 were submitted to an at-home bleaching technique using 6% hydrogen peroxide (HP; G3 and G4) or 10% carbamide peroxide (CP; G5 and G6). Groups 7 to 10 were submitted to an in-office bleaching technique using 35% HP (G7 and G8) or 35% CP (G9 and G10). During bleaching, a daily fluoridation regimen of 0.05% sodium fluoride (NaF) solution was performed on groups 3, 5, 7, and 9, while weekly fluoridation with a 2% NaF gel was performed on groups 4, 6, 8, and 10. The samples in groups 2 to 10 were pH cycled for 14 consecutive days. The samples from all groups were then assessed by cross-sectional Knoop microhardness at different depths from the outer enamel surface. The average Knoop hardness numbers (KHNs) were compared using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey tests (α=0.05). The comparison between groups 1 and 2 showed that the demineralization method was effective. The comparison among groups 2 to 6 showed the same susceptibility to acid demineralization, regardless of the fluoridation method used. However, the samples from groups 8 and 10 showed more susceptibility to acid demineralization when compared with group 2 (p<0.05). Groups 7 and 9 provided similar results to group 2, but the results of those groups were different when compared with groups 8 and 10. The use of 6% HP and 10% CP associated with daily or weekly fluoridation regimens did not increase the susceptibility of enamel to acid demineralization. However, the use of 35% HP and 35% CP must be associated with a daily fluoridation regimen, otherwise the in-office bleaching makes the bleached enamel more susceptible to acid demineralization.
authors.forename: Dlf
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Salomão
authors.forename: Dm
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Rd
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nogueira
authors.forename: Rg
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Palma-Dibb
authors.forename: Vr
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Geraldo-Martins
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003743:Dental Enamel; D005457:Fluoridation; D006245:Hardness Tests; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D014073:Tooth Bleaching; D017001:Tooth Demineralization