title: Sodium butyrate, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, regulates Lymphangiogenic factors in oral cancer cell line HSC-3.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tumor angiogenesis is a focus of molecularly-targeted therapies. This study investigated the effect of sodium butyrate (SB), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, on the synthesis of antiangiogenic and lymphangiogenic factors in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gene alterations in HSC-3 cells were assessed using cDNA microarrays before and after treatment with SB. The mRNA and protein expression of lymphangiogenic factors were also assessed by quantitative PCR, western blotting and immunocytochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Microarray analysis revealed that treatment with SB led to altered expression of angiogenesis-related gene expression. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that platelet-derived growth factor-B, angiopoietin-2, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C, and VEGFD were down-regulated. Western blotting and immunocytochemistry confirmed reduced protein synthesis of VEGFC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SB inhibits expression of lymphangiogenic factors in HSC-3 cells. Within the limitations of the present study, SB may have potential as an anti-metastatic pro-drug for oral cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Nihon University, School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan. komiyama@dent.nihon-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamura
authors.forename: Naoyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Yasuyoshi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsue
authors.forename: Michisato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okudera
authors.forename: Youichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
authors.forename: Yoshimitsu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Abiko
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Komiyama
mesh_terms: D020148:Butyric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D042601:Lymphatic Vessels / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D020148:Butyric Acid; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2
keywords: Oral cancer; angiogenesis; lymphangiogenesis; sodium butyrate; vascular endothelial growth factor