title: [Treatment of retinoblastoma: Senegalese experience].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Retinoblastoma is a malignant tumor arising from retinal stem cells or retinoblasts. Its management has been well determined. The goal of this study is to report preliminary results obtained with combined chemotherapy and surgical treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Our transverse prospective study includes retinoblastomas diagnosed and treated on our service from January 2006 to December 2010. Fundus examination under general anesthesia and radiological examination, orbital/brain CT or if unavailable, ultrasound, were systematically performed. MRI was able to be obtained in one case. The patients received 6 courses of chemotherapy (vincristin-carboplatin-etoposide or vincristin-cyclophosphamide), including 2 preoperative courses and 4 postoperative courses. A surgical procedure (enucleation or exenteration) supplemented the treatment, followed by histologic analysis of the specimen. External radiation therapy and conservative management were not available.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-nine patients were treated. Median age at time of diagnosis was 9months (range 2months to 7years); the gender ratio was 1.18. Tumors were bilateral in 12 cases and unilateral in 47 cases, intraocular in 34 cases and extraocular in 25 cases. Optic nerve involvement was confirmed by histology in 12 cases. Twenty-one patients died from recurrence and/or metastatic disease, or during chemotherapy. Seven were lost to follow-up, and 31 have survived uneventfully.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Improvement of mortality is still our major concern. Radiation therapy is essential in the presence of optic nerve involvement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Long-term survival will determine the efficacy of this form of management. The contribution of new therapeutic means will improve these results.
authors.affiliation: Clinique ophtalmologique, EPS CHU A.-Le Dantec, BP 17225, Dakar Liberté, Sénégal. Electronic address: sadikh_sow@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Sow
authors.affiliation: Clinique ophtalmologique, EPS CHU A.-Le Dantec, BP 17225, Dakar Liberté, Sénégal.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Ndoye Roth
authors.affiliation: Clinique oncopédiatrique, EPS CHU A.-Le Dantec, BP 17225, Dakar Liberté, Sénégal.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.affiliation: Clinique oncopédiatrique, EPS CHU A.-Le Dantec, BP 17225, Dakar Liberté, Sénégal.
authors.forename: F B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Diagne Akonde
authors.affiliation: Clinique ophtalmologique, EPS CHU A.-Le Dantec, BP 17225, Dakar Liberté, Sénégal.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Ka
authors.affiliation: Clinique ophtalmologique, EPS CHU A.-Le Dantec, BP 17225, Dakar Liberté, Sénégal.
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Ndiaye Sow
authors.affiliation: Clinique ophtalmologique, EPS CHU A.-Le Dantec, BP 17225, Dakar Liberté, Sénégal.
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Ba
authors.affiliation: Clinique ophtalmologique, EPS CHU A.-Le Dantec, BP 17225, Dakar Liberté, Sénégal.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Wane Khouma
authors.affiliation: Clinique ophtalmologique, EPS CHU A.-Le Dantec, BP 17225, Dakar Liberté, Sénégal.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ndiaye
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D019572:Retinal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D012175:Retinoblastoma / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012675:Senegal / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Chemotherapy; Chimiothérapie; Chirurgie; Retinoblastoma; Rétinoblastome; Surgery