title: Bioactivity of Piper hispidinervum (Piperales: Piperaceae) and Syzygium aromaticum (Myrtales: Myrtaceae) oils, with or without formulated Bta on the biology and immunology of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).
abstract: The combination of essential oils and Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner may represent an interesting control strategy. Thus, the study tested the following hypothesis: the combination of long pepper oil (Piper hispidinervum L.) and clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) oils in two concentrations with Xentari WG (Bta) yields a more effective control of Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) affecting biological and reproductive parameters and leading to changes in the levels of phenoloxidase and nitric oxide in the hemolymph of the pest. The results demonstrate that only long pepper oil, at the highest concentration with Xentari WG (Bta), promotes reduced larval survival. However, both oils with or without the insecticide interfere in the biology and humoral immunity of S.frugiperda. All treatments caused a decrease in the amount of eggs, except for the clove oil at both concentrations without Bta. Therefore, the use of these oils is a promising alternative for the integrated management of S. frugiperda; however, its association with Bta demonstrated no significant increase in their efficiency.
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Wanderley-Teixeira
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Correia
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Breda
authors.forename: T J S
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.forename: A A C
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Dutra
authors.forename: D M A F
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Navarro
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004731:Endotoxins; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects; D006458:Hemolymph / Q000378:metabolism; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D007306:Insecticides; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000378:metabolism; D009036:Moths / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D031701:Piper / Q000737:chemistry*; D027842:Syzygium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004731:Endotoxins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D007306:Insecticides; D009822:Oils, Volatile; C030956:insecticidal crystal protein, Bacillus Thuringiensis; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase