title: Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling in the retina.
abstract: Over a span of two decades, it has become increasingly clear that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of retinal diseases including age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). Based on these observations, anti-VEGF therapies are being developed and approved for clinical use in the treatment of neovascular eye diseases. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are transcriptional factors that are stabilized and activated under hypoxic conditions and induce expression of gene products, including VEGF, that are required for cell survival under hypoxia. Here we discuss recent findings from our lab and others that define roles of the HIF-VEGF axis in the retina.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd. La Jolla, 92014, San Diego, CA, USA, kurihara@scripps.edu.
authors.forename: Toshihide
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kurihara
authors.forename: Peter D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Westenskow
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Friedlander
mesh_terms: D051784:Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Nuclear Translocator / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism*; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D055213:Retinal Pigment Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C497396:ARNT protein, human; C497442:HIF1A protein, human; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D051784:Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Nuclear Translocator