title: Genipin-cross-linked layer-by-layer assemblies: biocompatible microenvironments to direct bone cell fate.
abstract: The design of biomimetic coatings capable of improving the osseointegration of bone biomaterials is a current challenge in the field of bone repair. Toward this end, layer-by-layer (LbL) films composed of natural components are suitable candidates. Chondroitin sulfate A (CSA), a natural glycosaminoglycan (GAG), was used as the polyanionic component because it promotes osteoblast maturation in vivo. In their native state, GAG-containing LbL films are generally cytophobic because of their low stiffness. To stiffen our CSA-based LbL films, genipin (GnP) was used as a natural cross-linking agent, which is much less cytotoxic than conventional chemical cross-linkers. GnP-cross-linked films display an original combination of microscale topography and tunable mechanical properties. Structural characterization was partly based on a novel donor/acceptor Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) couple, namely, FITC/GnP, which is a promising approach for further inspection of any GnP-cross-linked system. GnP-cross-linked films significantly promote adhesion, proliferation, and early and late differentiation of preosteoblasts.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biophysique et Biomatériaux (La2B), MERCI EA 3829, University of Rouen, Centre Universitaire d'Évreux , 1 rue du 7ème Chasseurs, 27002 Évreux Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Fabien
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gaudière
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morin-Grognet
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bidault
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lembré
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pauthe
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Vannier
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Atmani
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ladam
authors.forename: Béatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Labat
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D031541:Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer; D006801:Humans; D039823:Iridoids / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D058525:Quartz Crystal Microbalance Techniques; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D039823:Iridoids; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; C007834:genipin