title: High plasma levels of islet amyloid polypeptide in young with new-onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) is a beta cell hormone secreted together with insulin upon glucose stimulation. IAPP participates in normal glucose regulation, but IAPP is also known for its ability to misfold and form islet amyloid. Amyloid fibrils form through smaller cell toxic intermediates and deposited amyloid disrupts normal islet architecture. Even though IAPP and amyloid formation are much discussed in type 2 diabetes, our aim was to study the significance of IAPP in type 1 diabetes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma IAPP levels in children and adolescents with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes (n = 224) were analysed and concentrations exceeding 100 pmol/L (127.2-888.7 pmol/L) were found in 11% (25/224). The IAPP increase did not correlate with C-peptide levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Plasma levels of IAPP and insulin deviate in a subpopulation of young with newly-diagnosed type 1 diabetes. The determined elevated levels of IAPP might increase the risk for IAPP misfolding and formation of cell toxic amyloid in beta cells. This finding add IAPP-aggregation to the list over putative pathological factors causing type 1 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Pediatrics and Diabetes Research Centre, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: Johan F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Paulsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Pediatrics and Diabetes Research Centre, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: Johnny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ludvigsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Annelie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carlsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Pediatrics and Diabetes Research Centre, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: Rosaura
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Casas
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, the Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Gun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Forsander
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital MAS, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Sten A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ivarsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kockum
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Åke
authors.initials: Å
authors.lastname: Lernmark
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden.
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marcus
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, the Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Bengt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lindblad
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Gunilla T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Westermark
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000276:immunology; D058228:Islet Amyloid Polypeptide / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D015415:Biomarkers; D007328:Insulin; D058228:Islet Amyloid Polypeptide