title: Spatiotemporal analysis of high-speed videolaryngoscopic imaging of organic pathologies in males.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to identify parameters that would differentiate healthy from pathological organic-based vocal fold vibrations to emphasize clinical usefulness of high-speed imaging.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-five men (M age = 36 years, SD = 20 years) were examined and separated into 4 groups: 1 healthy (26 individuals) and 3 pathological (10 individuals with contact granuloma, 12 with polyps, and 7 with cysts). Vocal fold vibrations were recorded using a high-speed camera during sustained phonation. Twenty objective glottal area waveform and 24 phonovibrogram parameters representing spatiotemporal characteristics were analyzed. Statistical group comparisons were performed to document spatiotemporal changes for organic lesions that cannot be determined visually. To look for specific pattern profiles within organic lesions, the authors performed linear discriminant analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirteen parameters showed significant differences between the healthy group and at least 1 pathological group. The differences occurred more in temporal than in spatial parameters. Contact granuloma showed the fewest statistical differences (3 parameters), followed by cysts (9 parameters), and polyps (10 parameters). Linear discriminant analysis achieved accuracy performance of 76% (all groups separated) and 82% (healthy vs. pathological).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that for males, the differences between healthy voices and organic voice disorders may be more pronounced within temporal characteristics that cannot be visually detected without high-speed imaging.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bohr
authors.forename: Angelika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kräck
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dubrovskiy
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Eysholdt
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Svec
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Psychogios
authors.forename: Anke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ziethe
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Döllinger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005931:Glottis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006102:Granuloma, Laryngeal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D007818:Laryngeal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007828:Laryngoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010699:Phonation / Q000502:physiology; D011127:Polyps / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D062211:Spatio-Temporal Analysis; D014732:Vibration; D014741:Video Recording; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology