title: Effect of plasma-irradiated silk fibroin in bone regeneration.
abstract: We have recently identified plasma-irradiated silk fibroin (P-AF) as a key regulator of bone matrix properties and composition. Bone matrix properties were tested in 48 femur critical size defects (3.25 mm in diameter) with the expression of osteoblast specific genes at 1 and 2 weeks after surgery. The scaffolds were characterized by various states of techniques; the scanning electronic microcopy revealed the large sized pores in the aqueous-based silk fibroin (A-F) scaffold and showed no alteration into the architecture by the addition of plasma irradiation. The contact angle measurements confirmed the introduction of plasma helped to change the hydrophobic nature into hydrophilic. The histological analyses confirmed the presence of silk fibroin in scaffolds and newly formed bone around the scaffolds. Immunohistochemical examination revealed the increased expression pattern in a set of osteoblast specific genes (TGF-β, TGF-β type III receptor, Runx2, type I collagen and osteocalcin). These data were the first to show that the properties of bone matrix are regulated, specifically through Runx2 pathway in P-AF group. Thus, an employment of P-AF increases several compositional properties of bone, including increased bone matrix, mineral concentration, cortical thickness, and trabecular bone volume.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Biomaterials, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 870-1 Sakaecho Nishi 2, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryoichiro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 870-1 Sakaecho Nishi 2, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan.
authors.forename: Ujjal K
authors.initials: UK
authors.lastname: Bhawal
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 870-1 Sakaecho Nishi 2, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kiba
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 870-1 Sakaecho Nishi 2, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan.
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Biomaterials, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 870-1 Sakaecho Nishi 2, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanimoto
authors.affiliation: University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 870-1 Sakaecho Nishi 2, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan.
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kuboyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Nakacho 2-24-16, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Asakura
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Biomaterials, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 870-1 Sakaecho Nishi 2, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan. Electronic address: nishiyama.norihiro@nihon-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Norihiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D015519:Bone Density; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005269:Femur / Q000293:injuries / Q000503:physiopathology; D005349:Fibroins / Q000737:chemistry*; D015870:Gene Expression; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008297:Male; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D058626:Plasma Gases; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D024042:Collagen Type I; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; D058626:Plasma Gases; D011509:Proteoglycans; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D015675:Osteocalcin; C071736:betaglycan; D005349:Fibroins
keywords: Bombyx mori silk fibroin; Bone regeneration; Osteoblast; Plasma irradiation; Scaffold