title: Nano-ZnO catalyzed multicomponent one-pot synthesis of novel spiro(indoline-pyranodioxine) derivatives.
abstract: A simple catalytic protocol for the synthesis of novel spiro[indoline-pyranodioxine] derivatives has been developed using ZnO nanoparticle as an efficient, green, and reusable catalyst. The derivatives are obtained in moderate to excellent yield by one-pot three-component reaction of an isatin, malononitrile/ethylcyanoacetate, and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione in absolute ethanol under conventional heating and microwave irradiation. The catalyst was recovered by filtration from the reaction mixture and reused during five consecutive runs without any apparent loss of activity for the same reaction. The mild reaction conditions and recyclability of the catalyst make it environmentally benign synthetic procedure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Mody Institute of Technology and Science, Lakshmangarh, Sikar, Rajasthan 332311, India.
authors.forename: Harshita
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sachdeva
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Mody Institute of Technology and Science, Lakshmangarh, Sikar, Rajasthan 332311, India.
authors.forename: Rekha
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Saroj
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Mody Institute of Technology and Science, Lakshmangarh, Sikar, Rajasthan 332311, India.
authors.forename: Diksha
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dwivedi
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D060326:Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic; D004146:Dioxanes / Q000737:chemistry; D007211:Indoles / Q000737:chemistry*; D007510:Isatin / Q000737:chemistry; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008872:Microwaves; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009570:Nitriles / Q000737:chemistry; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004146:Dioxanes; D007211:Indoles; D009570:Nitriles; C057812:indoline; D007510:Isatin; C076489:Meldrum's acid; C000945:dicyanmethane; D015034:Zinc Oxide