title: The role of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in colorectal cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  HMGB1, the most important member of the high mobility group box protein family, is a nuclear protein with different functions in the cell; it has a role in cancer progression, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis development. We studied the expression of HMGB1 and whether it is a prognostic factor in colorectal carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 110 cases that were histopathologically diagnosed with colorectal carcinoma from the tissue samples acquired by surgical resection and biopsy in Antalya Education and Research Hospital between 2008 and 2012. HMGB1 expression was examined via immunohistochemical method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HMGB1 expression was evaluated as negative in 32 (44.4%) of the patients and as positive in 40 (55.6%) patients. There was no relation between the HMGB1 expression and sex, age, tumor invasion depth, and histological type. However, a significant relation was detected between the HMGB1 expression and lymph node status, metastasis status, and stage (p:<0.001, p:<0.001, p:<0.001, respectively). Similar results were obtained for the relations between the HMGB1 and histological grade, perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, and lymphocytic response (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, and p<0.001, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of our study demonstrate that HMGB1 overexpression has a significant role in tumor progression (especially migration of tumor cells) and tumor ability to metastasize in colorectal cancers; thus, it corroborates the idea that it might be an important prognostic factor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Ministry of Health Batman Regional Government Hospital, Batman, Turkey.
authors.forename: Dinç
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Süren
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Antalya Education and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yıldırım
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Dicle University, Medical Faculty, Diyarbakır, Turkey.
authors.forename: Özlem
authors.initials: Ö
authors.lastname: Demirpençe
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Süleyman Demirel University, Medical Faculty, Isparta, Turkey.
authors.forename: Vildan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kaya
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Antalya Education and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Arsenal Sezgin
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Alikanoğlu
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgey, Antalya Education and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nurullah
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bülbüller
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Antalya Education and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yıldız
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Antalya Education and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cem
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sezer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013194:Staining and Labeling
chemical_list: D024243:HMGB1 Protein