title: Antiaging properties of a grape-derived antioxidant are regulated by mitochondrial balance of fusion and fission leading to mitophagy triggered by a signaling network of Sirt1-Sirt3-Foxo3-PINK1-PARKIN.
abstract: It was proposed that resveratrol, a polyphenolic antioxidant and a calorie restriction mimetic could promote longevity but subsequent studies could not prove this. The original proposal was based on the fact that a grape-derived antioxidant could activate the antiaging gene Sirt1. Most studies agree that indeed grape activates Sirt1, but a question remains whether Sirt1 is the cause or consequence of resveratrol treatment. Subsequently, mitochondrial Sirt3 was found to be activated. The present study on ischemic reperfusion (I/R) in rat hearts demonstrates that Foxo3a is activated subsequent to Sirt3 activation, which then activates PINK1. PINK1 potentiates activation of PARKIN leading to the activation of mitochondrial fission and mitophagy. Confocal microscopy conclusively shows the coexistence of Sirt3 with Foxo3a and Foxo3a with PINK1 and PARKIN. Mitophagy was demonstrated both by confocal microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Western blot analyses data are consistent with the results of confocal microscopy. It appears that the grape-derived antioxidant modifies the intracellular environment by changing the oxidizing milieu into a reducing milieu and upregulating intracellular glutathione, potentiates a signal transduction cascade consisting of Sirt1/Sirt3-Foxo3a-PINK1-PARKIN-mitochondrial fusion fission-mitophagy that leads to cardioprotection, and paves the way to an anti-aging environment.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA.
authors.forename: Somak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Debrecen University, Debrecen, Hungary.
authors.forename: Goran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mitrovsky
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, India.
authors.forename: Hannah R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Vasanthi
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA ; Center for Medicinal Food and Applied Nutrition, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India.
authors.forename: Dipak K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Das
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D015153:Blotting, Western; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D000071316:Forkhead Box Protein O3; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D063154:Mitochondrial Dynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D063306:Mitophagy / Q000187:drug effects*; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D000077185:Resveratrol; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D037761:Sirtuins / Q000378:metabolism; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000378:metabolism; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*; D000099202:PTEN-Induced Putative Kinase
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D000071316:Forkhead Box Protein O3; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D005978:Glutathione; D011494:Protein Kinases; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D000077185:Resveratrol; D037761:Sirtuins; D013267:Stilbenes; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D000099202:PTEN-Induced Putative Kinase; C499515:FOXO3 protein, rat; C111567:parkin protein