title: Acetic acid bacteria isolated from grapes of South Australian vineyards.
abstract: Acetic acid bacteria (AAB) diversity from healthy, mould-infected and rot-affected grapes collected from three vineyards of Adelaide Hills (South Australia) was analyzed by molecular typing and identification methods. Nine different AAB species were identified from the 624 isolates recovered: Four species from Gluconobacter genus, two from Asaia and one from Acetobacter were identified by the analysis of 16S rRNA gene and 16S-23S rRNA gene internal transcribed spacer. However, the identification of other isolates that were assigned as Asaia sp. and Ameyamaea chiangmaiensis required more analysis for a correct species classification. The species of Gluconobacter cerinus was the main one identified; while one genotype of Asaia siamensis presented the highest number of isolates. The number of colonies recovered and genotypes identified was strongly affected by the infection status of the grapes; the rot-affected with the highest number. However, the species diversity was similar in all the cases. High AAB diversity was detected with a specific genotype distribution for each vineyard.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Inmunología, Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, UPV/EHU, Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain. Electronic address: estibaliz.mateo@ehu.es.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mateo
authors.affiliation: Biotecnologia Enológica, Dept. Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel.lí Domingo s/n 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Torija
authors.affiliation: Biotecnologia Enológica, Dept. Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel.lí Domingo s/n 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mas
authors.affiliation: The Australian Wine Research Institute, PO Box 197, Glen Osmond, SA 5064 Australia.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Bartowsky
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D044822:Biodiversity; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000235:genetics; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005838:Genotype; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D013021:South Australia; D027843:Vitis / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
keywords: (GTG)(5)-PCR; ERIC-PCR; Spoilage; Vinegar; Wine