title: Antiinflammatory activity of glucomoringin isothiocyanate in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
abstract: Glucomoringin (4(α-L-rhamnosyloxy)-benzyl glucosinolate) (GMG) is an uncommon member of glucosinolate group belonging to the Moringaceae family, of which Moringa oleifera Lam. is the most widely distributed. Bioactivation of GMG with the enzyme myrosinase forms the corresponding isothiocyanate (4(α-L-rhamnosyloxy)-benzyl isothiocyanate) (GMG-ITC), which can play a key role in antitumoral activity and counteract the inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of GMG-ITC treatment in an experimental mouse model of multiple sclerosis (MS), an inflammatory demyelinating disease with neurodegeneration characterized by demyelinating plaques, neuronal, and axonal loss. For this reason, C57Bl/6 male mice were injected with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein35-55 which is able to evoke an autoimmune response against myelin fibers miming human multiple sclerosis physiopatogenesis. Results clearly showed that the treatment was able to counteract the inflammatory cascade that underlies the processes leading to severe MS. In particular, GMG-ITC was effective against proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α. Oxidative species generation including the influence of iNOS, nitrotyrosine tissue expression and cell apoptotic death pathway was also evaluated resulting in a lower Bax/Bcl-2 unbalance. Taken together, this work adds new interesting properties and applicability of GMG-ITC and this compound can be suggested as a useful drug for the treatment or prevention of MS, at least in association with current conventional therapy.
authors.affiliation: IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galuppo
authors.affiliation: IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Giacoppo
authors.affiliation: Consiglio per la Ricerca e la sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Centro di Ricerca per le Colture Industriali (CRA-CIN), Via di Corticella 133, 40128 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Gina Rosalinda
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: De Nicola
authors.affiliation: Consiglio per la Ricerca e la sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Centro di Ricerca per le Colture Industriali (CRA-CIN), Via di Corticella 133, 40128 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Iori
authors.affiliation: Università degli Studi di Messina, Facoltà di Farmacia, Dipartimento di Scienze del farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute, Viale Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Navarra
authors.affiliation: Università degli Studi di Messina, Facoltà di Farmacia, Dipartimento di Scienze del farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute, Viale Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni Enrico
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Lombardo
authors.affiliation: IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Placido
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bramanti
authors.affiliation: IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy. Electronic address: emazzon.irccs@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mazzon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004681:Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D005961:Glucosinolates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D017879:Isothiocyanates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D029587:Moringa / Q000737:chemistry*; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D011817:Rabbits; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D005961:Glucosinolates; D017879:Isothiocyanates; C031403:benzyl isothiocyanate; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases; C022739:thioglucosidase
keywords: Cytokines; Glucomoringin; Inflammation; Isothiocyanate; Multiple sclerosis