title: Expanding indications for ESD: submucosal disease (SMT/carcinoid tumors).
abstract: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is useful for submucosal tumors (SMTs) within the superficial submucosal layer, but perforation frequently occurs during ESD for SMTs located at the deeper layer. Endoscopic resection for small esophageal SMTs is acceptable, although candidates for endoscopic removal are rare. Laparoscopic assistance will be effective for minimally invasive endoscopic local resection for certain types of gastric SMT. Endoscopic mucosal resection with a ligation device would be better than ESD for rectal carcinoid in terms of simplicity and effectiveness.
authors.affiliation: Division of Research and Development for Minimally Invasive Treatment, Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.affiliation: Division of Research and Development for Minimally Invasive Treatment, Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uraoka
authors.affiliation: Division of Research and Development for Minimally Invasive Treatment, Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Joichiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Horii
authors.affiliation: Division of Research and Development for Minimally Invasive Treatment, Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan. Electronic address: yahagi-tky@umin.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Naohisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yahagi
mesh_terms: D002276:Carcinoid Tumor / Q000601:surgery*; D004210:Dissection / Q000379:methods; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000379:methods*; D004947:Esophagus / Q000601:surgery; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000601:surgery; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D046152:Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000601:surgery; D007414:Intestinal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000601:surgery*; D008067:Lipoma / Q000601:surgery*; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000601:surgery*; D009442:Neurilemmoma / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: Carcinoid; Endoscopic full-thickness resection; Endoscopic submucosal dissection; Laparoscopic-endoscopic cooperative surgery; Submucosal tumor