title: The role of parents and non-parents in the supervision of learner drivers in Australia.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to contrast the role of parental and non-parental (sibling, other family and non-family) supervisors in the supervision of learner drivers in graduated driver licensing systems. The sample consisted of 522 supervisors from the Australian states of Queensland (n=204, 39%) and New South Wales (n=318, 61%). The learner licence requirements in these two states are similar, although learners in Queensland are required to accrue 100h of supervision in a log book while those in New South Wales are required to accrue 120h. Approximately 50 per cent of the sample (n=255) were parents of the learner driver while the remainder of the sample were either siblings (n=72, 13.8%), other family members (n=153, 29.3%) or non-family (n=114, 21.8%). Parents were more likely than siblings, other family or non-family members to be the primary supervisor of the learner driver. Siblings provided fewer hours of practice when compared with other supervisor types while the median and mode suggest that parents provided the most hours of practice to learner drivers. This study demonstrates that non-parental supervisors, such as siblings, other family members and non-family, at least in jurisdictions that require 100 or 120h of practice, are important in facilitating learner drivers to accumulate sufficient supervised driving practice.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety - Queensland (CARRS-Q), Queensland University of Technology, 130 Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059, Australia. Electronic address: L.Bates@griffith.edu.au.
authors.forename: Lyndel
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bates
authors.affiliation: Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety - Queensland (CARRS-Q), Queensland University of Technology, 130 Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059, Australia. Electronic address: B.Watson@qut.edu.au.
authors.forename: Barry
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.affiliation: Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety - Queensland (CARRS-Q), Queensland University of Technology, 130 Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059, Australia. Electronic address: Mark.King@qut.edu.au.
authors.forename: Mark J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: King
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001333:Automobile Driver Examination; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000193:education* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009517:New South Wales; D010290:Parents; D011793:Queensland; D012380:Role; D057566:Self Report
keywords: Graduated driver licensing; Learner driver; Parents; Siblings; Supervised driving requirements; Supervisors; Young driver