title: Reactions of nucleophiles with nitroarenes: multifacial and versatile electrophiles.
abstract: In this overview, it is shown that there are many initial reactions between nitroarenes and nucleophiles: addition to the electron-deficient ring at positions occupied by halogen and hydrogen atoms, addition to the nitro group, single-electron transfer (SET), and other types of initial reactions. The resulting intermediates react further in a variety of ways to form products of nucleophilic substitution of a halogen atom (SN Ar), a hydrogen atom (SN ArH), and others. Many variants of these processes are briefly discussed, particularly in relation of rates of the initial reactions and further transformations.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences ul. Kasprzaka 44/52, PO Box 58, 01-224 Warszawa 42 (Poland), Fax: (+48) 22-632-66-81. icho-s@icho.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Mieczysław
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mąkosza
keywords: carbanions; nitroarenes; oxidation; single-electron transfer; vicarious nucleophilic substitution