title: Peridinin from the marine symbiotic dinoflagellate, Symbiodinium sp., regulates eosinophilia in mice.
abstract: Peridinin and fucoxanthin, which are natural carotenoids isolated from a symbiotic dinoflagellate, Symbiodinium sp., and a brown alga, Petalonia fascia, respectively, were compared for inhibitory effects on delayed-type hypersensitivity in mice. The number of eosinophils at the site of inflammation and in peripheral blood was compared for the administration of peridinin and fucoxanthin applied by painting and intraperitoneally. Peridinin, but not the structurally-related fucoxanthin, significantly suppressed the number of eosinophils in both the ear lobe and peripheral blood. Furthermore, peridinin applied topically, but not administered intraperitoneally, suppressed the level of eotaxin in the ears of sensitized mice. Fucoxanthin weakly suppressed the concentration of eotaxin in ears only by intraperitoneal administration. Although both carotenoids inhibited the migration of eosinophils toward eotaxin, the inhibitory effect of peridinin was higher than that of fucoxanthin. Peridinin may be a potential agent for suppressing allergic inflammatory responses, such as atopic dermatitis, in which eosinophils play a major role in the increase of inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Oceanography Section, Science Research Center, Kochi University, Okoh, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan. onoderak@kochi-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Ken-ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Onodera
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Center, Kochi University, Okoh, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan. jm-konishiy@kochi-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Konishi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Human Health and Medical Science, Graduate School of Kuroshio Science, Kochi University, Okoh, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan. ttaguchi@kochi-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taguchi
authors.affiliation: Oceanography Section, Science Research Center, Kochi University, Okoh, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan. jm-sumio.kiyoto@kochi-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Sumio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kiyoto
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Human Health and Medical Science, Graduate School of Kuroshio Science, Kochi University, Okoh, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan. tominaga@kochi-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tominaga
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004141:Dinoflagellida / Q000737:chemistry; D004802:Eosinophilia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D000459:Phaeophyceae / Q000737:chemistry; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D024341:Xanthophylls; C025164:fucoxanthin; C016040:peridinin; D002338:Carotenoids