title: Evaluation of antibacterial activity of N-phosphonium chitosan as a novel polymeric antibacterial agent.
abstract: N-phosphonium chitosans (NPCSs) with different degrees of substitution (3%, 13% and 21%) were synthesized and evaluated as novel polymeric antibacterial agents. Their antibacterial activities compared with hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), parent chitosan and (5-carboxypentyl) triphenylphosphonium bromide (CTPB) were tested against Escherichia coli and two strains of drug-resistance Staphylococcus aureus by minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and biofilm prevention assays. The results show that the NPCS with 3% or 13% substitution has lower MIC and MBC values and stronger ability to inhibit biofilm formation of all the three bacteria than HACC, chitosan and CTPB. In addition, the antibacterial activity of NPCSs increases with their substitution decreasing from 21% to 3%. Overall, the antibacterial activity of NPCS with 3% or 13% substitution is better than that of NPCS with 21% substitution, HACC with 22% substitution, chitosan and CTPB. It can be considered that NPCS with appropriate degree of substitution has favorable antibacterial activity and is a potential polymeric antibacterial agent.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800th Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Aijie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800th Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Feihu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China.
authors.forename: Wentao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800th Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Xiaofen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800th Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China. Electronic address: shenyuanyuan@sjtu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800th Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China. Electronic address: srguo@sjtu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Shengrong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D048271:Chitosan / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D010757:Phosphorous Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010757:Phosphorous Acids; D011108:Polymers; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; C576941:hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan; D048271:Chitosan
keywords: Antibacterial activity; N-phosphonium chitosan; Polymeric antibacterial agent