title: Normal values of metatarsal parabola arch in male and female feet.
abstract: There is not any method to measure metatarsal protrusion in the whole metatarsal. The aim of this research is to know the normal metatarsal parabola in male and female feet. The system of measurement devised by Hardy and Clapham to evaluate the protrusion between metatarsals I and II was adapted to study the whole metatarsal parabola and applied to the five metatarsals of 169 normal feet, 72 female feet and 97 male feet. Authors measured all metatarsal protrusion relative to metatarsal II. The results obtained show a female metatarsal protrusion relative to metatarsal II of +1.27% for metatarsal I, -3.36% for metatarsal III, -8.34% for metatarsal IV, and -15.54% for metatarsal V. Data obtained for male metatarsal parabola were +0.5% for metatarsal I, -3.77 for metatarsal III, -9.57 for metatarsal IV, and -17.05 for metatarsal V. Differences between both metatarsal parabola were significant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Podiatrics, University of Seville, Seville, Spain ; Teaching Center of Physiotherapy and Podiatry. Calle Avicena s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8549-7703
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Domínguez-Maldonado
authors.affiliation: Department of Podiatrics, University of Seville, Seville, Spain ; Teaching Center of Physiotherapy and Podiatry. Calle Avicena s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Pedro V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Munuera-Martinez
authors.affiliation: Department of Podiatrics, University of Seville, Seville, Spain ; Teaching Center of Physiotherapy and Podiatry. Calle Avicena s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: José Manuel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Castillo-López
authors.affiliation: Department of Podiatrics, University of Seville, Seville, Spain ; Teaching Center of Physiotherapy and Podiatry. Calle Avicena s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ramos-Ortega
authors.affiliation: Department of Podiatrics, University of Seville, Seville, Spain ; Teaching Center of Physiotherapy and Podiatry. Calle Avicena s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Albornoz-Cabello
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005528:Foot / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008682:Metatarsal Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008683:Metatarsophalangeal Joint / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D011859:Radiography; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013030:Spain