title: The role of cyclooxygenase in multiplication and reactivation of HSV-1 in vestibular ganglion neurons.
abstract: Reactivation of latent herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) and nerve inflammation have been shown to be involved in vertigo-related vestibular pathogenesis. Treatments of such diseases have been less than perfect. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been reported to suppress reactivation of HSV-1 in trigeminal ganglions. However, whether this drug can affect reactivation of HSV-1 in vestibular ganglions is unclear. Due to the difficulties of constructing in vivo animal models, in this study, we developed a vestibular ganglion culture system, in which vestibular neurons were latently or lytically infected with HSV-1. Indomethacin and celecoxib were selected to measure their effects on HSV-1. Trichostatin A was used to reactivate HSV-1 in latently infected neurons. Cycloxygenase-2, which is the target of NSAIDs, was induced by HSV-1 in the lytically infected cultures, with an increase of 14-fold. Although it appeared that indomethacin and celecoxib showed limited but concentration-dependent inhibition effects on viral production under our condition, indomethacin decreased reactivation rate of HSV-1 by about 20%. Though more in vitro or in vivo studies are needed to confirm the effects of the drugs, our study may provide a potential way to investigate the mechanism of HSV-related vestibular pathogenesis as well as new treatments of vertigo-related diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otology and Skull Base Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Yuehong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Otology and Skull Base Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Shufeng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Otology and Skull Base Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Zhengmin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000068579:Celecoxib; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000187:drug effects / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D009474:Neurons / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000821:virology; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D014725:Vestibular Nerve / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D011720:Pyrazoles; D013449:Sulfonamides; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D000068579:Celecoxib; D007213:Indomethacin