title: Baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d levels in men undergoing radical prostatectomy: is there an association with adverse pathologic features?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of vitamin D (VitD) deficiency in men undergoing radical prostatectomy and determine whether an association exists between preoperative VitD levels and adverse pathologic features.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients scheduled to undergo radical prostatectomy for clinically localized disease from January to August 2012 were prospectively followed and those with available preoperative serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were included. Men with a known diagnosis of VitD deficiency or taking VitD supplementation were excluded. Cox regression analysis was performed to determine whether preoperative VitD level is predictive of adverse pathologic outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred consecutive men were included. Mean age was 62 (range, 42-79) years and mean VitD level was 26 (range, 6-57) ng/mL. Overall, 65 men (65%) had suboptimal levels of VitD (< 30 ng/mL), and 32 (32%) had deficiency (< 20 ng/mL). There was no significant correlation between VitD and age (P = .5). In logistic regression analysis, VitD level was not predictive of pathologic Gleason (P = .11), pathologic stage (P = .7), or positive margin status (P = .8).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The association between VitD and prostate cancer has been controversial and data suggesting an increased risk of aggressive cancer in men with low levels of VitD have been inconsistent. We found that baseline preoperative VitD level was not associated with any adverse pathologic features. However, VitD deficiency is a common finding in this population, although unrelated to patient age. These results represent the first time the correlation between VitD and prostate cancer has been evaluated in a cohort of men undergoing radical prostatectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY.
authors.forename: William T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Berg
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Edan Y
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Shapiro
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Rothberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Ari
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bergman
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Kyle
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Scarberry
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wambi
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Trushar
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY. Electronic address: kb2388@columbia.edu.
authors.forename: Ketan K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Badani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D
keywords: Cancer; Nutritional status; Outcome assessment; Prostatic neoplasm; Vitamin D