title: Decreased expression of GRIM-19 and its association with high-risk HPV infection in cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasias and cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  GRIM-19 has been shown to be down-regulated in cervical cancers. This study investigated the expression of GRIM-19 in cervical intra-epithelial neoplasias and its association with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  The expression of GRIM-19 was assessed in cervical exfoliated cells and cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia tissues by immunohistochemistry, and the level of GRIM-19 was also evaluated by Western blotting using cervical exfoliated cells. HR-HPV infection of cervical exfoliated cells was detected by HC II.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GRIM-19 is predominantly expressed in the cytoplasm of the middle layer of normal cervical epithelial cells, whereas the surface layer cells of the normal cervix showed no GRIM-19 expression. The expression of GRIM-19 gradually decreased from atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC); a pattern which was also observed in cervical intra-epithelial neoplasias tissues. The reduced expression of GRIM-19 was correlated with HR-HPV infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GRIM-19 may regulate the differentiation of normal cervical tissue, and a decrease in GRIM-19 may be the result of HR-HPV infection, which in turn leads to the malignant transformation of the cells.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Hong-yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: . yuyonghuasy@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yong-hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; C439057:NDUFA13 protein, human