title: Urogenital photoacoustic endoscope.
abstract: Photoacoustic (PA) endoscopy for human urogenital imaging has the potential to diagnose many important diseases, such as endometrial and prostate cancers. We have specifically developed a 12.7 mm diameter, rigid, side-scanning PA endoscopic probe for such applications. The key features of this endoscope are the streamlined structure for smooth cavity introduction and the proximal actuation mechanism for fast scanning. Here we describe the probe's composition and scanning mechanism and present in vivo experimental results suggesting its potential for comprehensive clinical applications.
authors.affiliation: Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1097, St. Louis, Missouri, 63130, USA.
authors.forename: Chiye
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1097, St. Louis, Missouri, 63130, USA.
authors.forename: Joon-Mo
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Ultrasonic Transducer Resource Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, 1042 Downey Way, University Park, DRB 130, Los Angeles, California, 90089, USA.
authors.forename: Ruimin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1097, St. Louis, Missouri, 63130, USA.
authors.forename: Cheng-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.affiliation: Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1097, St. Louis, Missouri, 63130, USA.
authors.forename: Liren
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1097, St. Louis, Missouri, 63130, USA.
authors.forename: Konstantin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maslov
authors.affiliation: Ultrasonic Transducer Resource Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, 1042 Downey Way, University Park, DRB 130, Los Angeles, California, 90089, USA.
authors.forename: Qifa
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Ultrasonic Transducer Resource Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, 1042 Downey Way, University Park, DRB 130, Los Angeles, California, 90089, USA.
authors.forename: K Kirk
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Shung
authors.affiliation: Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1097, St. Louis, Missouri, 63130, USA.
authors.forename: Lihong V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019723:Endoscopes; D019160:Endosonography / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000295:instrumentation*; D061088:Photoacoustic Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014566:Urogenital System / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*