title: Additive effects of maternal high fat diet during lactation on mouse offspring.
abstract: Recent reports indicated that nutrition in early infancy might influence later child health outcomes such as obesity and metabolic syndrome. Therefore, we examined the effects of maternal high fat diet (HFD) during lactation on the onset of a metabolic syndrome in their offspring. All offspring were cross-fostered by dams on the same or opposite diet to yield 4 groups: offspring from HFD-fed dams suckled by HFD-fed dams (OHH) and by control diet (CD)-fed dams (OHC) and CD-fed dams suckled by HFD-fed dams (OCH) and by CD-fed dams (OCC) mice. We examined several metabolic syndrome-related factors including body weight, blood pressure, glucose tolerance and adipocytokines. Mean body weights of OHH and OCH mice were significantly higher than those of OHC and OCC mice, respectively, with elevated systolic blood pressure. Moreover, OHH and OCH mice revealed significantly worse glucose tolerance compared with the OHC and OCC mice, respectively. Triglyceride and leptin levels were significantly increased and adiponectin levels were significantly reduced by the maternal HFD during lactation, with similar changes in leptin and adiponectin mRNA expression but without histone modifications in adipose tissues. In addition, maternal obesity induced by HFD during lactation increased and prolonged the leptin surge in the offspring and the gender differences of leptin surge were observed. Our data suggested that maternal HFD during lactation might have an additive effect on the onset of the metabolic syndrome in the offspring, irrespective of the nutritional status in utero through the modified leptin surge.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masuyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hiramatsu
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007774:Lactation / Q000187:drug effects*; D020738:Leptin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000139:chemically induced; D012727:Sex Characteristics
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; C499919:Adipoq protein, mouse; D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D020738:Leptin