title: Inclusion of urea in a 59FeEDTA solution stimulated leaf penetration and translocation of 59Fe within wheat plants.
abstract: The role of urea in the translocation of (59) Fe from (59) FeEDTA-treated leaves was studied in durum wheat (Triticum durum) grown for 2 weeks in nutrient solution and until grain maturation in soil culture. Five-cm long tips of the first leaf of young wheat seedlings or flag leaves at the early milk stage were immersed twice daily for 10 s in (59) FeEDTA solutions containing increasing amounts of urea (0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8% w/v) over 5 days. In the experiment with young wheat seedlings, urea inclusion in the (59) FeEDTA solution increased significantly translocation of (59) Fe from the treated leaf into roots and the untreated part of shoots. When (59) Fe-treated leaves were induced into senescence by keeping them in the dark, there was a strong (59) Fe translocation from these leaves. Adding urea to the (59) Fe solution did not result in an additional increase in Fe translocation from the dark-induced senescent leaves. In the experiment conducted in the greenhouse in soil culture until grain maturation, translocation of (59) Fe from the flag leaves into grains was also strongly promoted by urea, whereas (59) Fe translocation from flag leaves into the untreated shoot was low and not affected by urea. In conclusion, urea contributes to transportation of the leaf-absorbed Fe into sink organs. Probably, nitrogen compounds formed after assimilation of foliar-applied urea (such as amino acids) contributed to Fe chelation and translocation to grains in wheat.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey.
authors.forename: Seher Bahar
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Aciksoz
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ozturk
authors.forename: Atilla
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yazici
authors.forename: Ismail
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cakmak
mesh_terms: D001692:Biological Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005296:Ferrous Compounds / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007502:Iron Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D007504:Iron Radioisotopes / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012996:Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology; D014908:Triticum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D014508:Urea / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; D005296:Ferrous Compounds; D007502:Iron Chelating Agents; D007504:Iron Radioisotopes; D012996:Solutions; C055526:Fe(II)-EDTA; D014508:Urea; D004492:Edetic Acid; C019179:Fe(III)-EDTA