title: NET formation induced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa cystic fibrosis isolates measured as release of myeloperoxidase-DNA and neutrophil elastase-DNA complexes.
abstract: Cystic fibrosis (CF) airway disease is characterized by Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection and recruitment of neutrophil granulocytes. Neutrophil granule components (myeloperoxidase (MPO), human neutrophil elastase (HNE)), extracellular DNA and P. aeruginosa can all be found in the CF respiratory tract and have all been associated with worsening CF lung function. Pseudomonas-induced formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) offers a likely mechanism for release of MPO, HNE and DNA from neutrophils. NETs are composed of a DNA backbone decorated with granule proteins like MPO and HNE. Here we sought to examine whether CF clinical isolates of Pseudomonas are capable of inducing NET release from human neutrophil granulocytes. We used two methods to quantify NETs. We modified a previously employed ELISA that detects MPO-DNA complexes and established a new HNE-DNA ELISA. We show that these methods reliably quantify MPO-DNA and HNE-DNA complexes, measures of NET formation. We have found that CF isolates of P. aeruginosa stimulate robust respiratory burst and NET release in human neutrophils. By comparing paired "early" and "late" bacterial isolates obtained from the same CF patient we have found that early isolates induced significantly more NET release than late isolates. Our data support that Pseudomonas-induced NET release represents an important mechanism for release of neutrophil-derived CF inflammatory mediators, and confirm that decreased induction of NET formation is required for long-term adaptation of P. aeruginosa to CF airways.
authors.affiliation: University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, 501 DW Brooks Drive, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
authors.forename: Dae-goon
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, 501 DW Brooks Drive, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
authors.forename: Madison
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Floyd
authors.affiliation: University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, 501 DW Brooks Drive, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Winn
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, 175 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Medical School, Department of Pediatrics, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
authors.forename: Samuel M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Moskowitz
authors.affiliation: University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, 501 DW Brooks Drive, Athens, GA 30602, USA. Electronic address: radab@uga.edu.
authors.forename: Balázs
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rada
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002648:Child; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D019272:Leukocyte Elastase / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D018375:Neutrophil Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D011485:Protein Binding; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016897:Respiratory Burst / Q000276:immunology; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D004247:DNA; D009195:Peroxidase; D019272:Leukocyte Elastase; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate
keywords: Cystic fibrosis; Extracellular DNA; Myeloperoxidase; NET; Neutrophil elastase; Pseudomonas aeruginosa