title: Galla rhois exerts its antiplatelet effect by suppressing ERK1/2 and PLCβ phosphorylation.
abstract: Galla rhois and its components have various biological activities, including protective effects on liver cells as well as antimetastatic, antiplatelet, and antibacterial effects. In the present study, we identified the antiplatelet activity and possible mechanism of action of a G. rhois extract (GRE). We investigated the effect of GRE and its components on rabbit platelet activation, and their possible molecular mechanisms. The GRE inhibited collagen-, AA-, and thrombin-induced platelet aggregation as well as serotonin secretion, in a concentration-dependent manner. The GRE significantly inhibited the production of lipoxygenase-mediated 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid. The GRE effectively suppressed thrombin-stimulated PLCβ3 phosphorylation and collagen-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation, in addition, the GRE significantly restored the cAMP level, which had decreased due to collagen or thrombin. Among the components of GRE, methyl gallate inhibited the collagen-induced platelet activation through suppression of ERK phosphorylation, penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucoside inhibited the thrombin-induced platelet activation through suppression of PLCβ phosphorylation. These results indicate that the GRE including methyl gallate and penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucoside suppressed platelet activation by inhibiting ERK1/2 and PLCβ3 phosphorylation.
authors.affiliation: Korean Medicine (KM)-Based Herbal Drug Development Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Jin
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Korean Medicine (KM)-Based Herbal Drug Development Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Won-Kyung
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Korean Medicine (KM)-Based Herbal Drug Development Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyeeun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Korean Medicine (KM)-Based Herbal Drug Development Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Minjung
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Korean Medicine (KM)-Based Herbal Drug Development Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jyma@kiom.re.kr.
authors.forename: Jin Yeul
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D019377:12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D003094:Collagen / Q000494:pharmacology; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D054799:Phospholipase C beta / Q000378:metabolism; D051966:Phospholipase C gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015539:Platelet Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011817:Rabbits; D029045:Rhus / Q000737:chemistry*; D013917:Thrombin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; C435084:pentagalloylglucose; D019377:12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid; C052082:methyl gallate; D005707:Gallic Acid; D003094:Collagen; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D054799:Phospholipase C beta; D051966:Phospholipase C gamma; D013917:Thrombin; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases
keywords: Antiplatelet activity; Galla rhois; Methyl gallate; Penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucoside; Phospholipase C