title: Mouth rinsing improves cycling endurance performance during Ramadan fasting in a hot humid environment.
abstract: This study examined the effect of mouth rinsing during endurance cycling in a hot humid environment (32 °C and 75% relative humidity) on athletes in the Ramadan fasted state. Nine trained adolescent male cyclists completed 3 trials that consisted of a carbohydrate mouth-rinse (CMR), a placebo mouth-rinse (PMR), and a no-rinse (NOR) trial during the last 2 weeks of Ramadan. Each trial consisted of a preloading cycle at 65% peak rate of oxygen consumption for 30 min followed by a 10-km time trial (TT10 km) under hot humid condition. During the CMR and PMR trials, each cyclist rinsed his mouth with 25 mL of the solution for 5 s before expectorating the solution pre-exercise, after 5, 15, and 25 min of the preloading cycle, and 15 s prior to the start of TT10 km. Time to complete the TT10 km was significantly faster in the CMR and PMR trials compared with the NOR trial (12.9 ± 1.7 and 12.6 ± 1.7 vs. 16.8 ± 1.6 min, respectively; p < 0.017). Ratings of perceived exertion taken at the end of the TT10 km was lower in both CMR and PMR trials compared with the NOR trial, although the difference was significant only between CMR and NOR (p < 0.05). In conclusion, mouth rinsing with either carbohydrate or placebo solution provided ergogenic benefits compared with a no-rinse condition on TT10 km performance in acute Ramadan fasted subjects during endurance cycling in a heat stress environment.
authors.affiliation: a Lifestyle Science Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200, Kepala Batas Penang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Ahmad Munir
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Che Muhamed
authors.forename: Nazirah Gulam
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Mohamed
authors.forename: Norjana
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.forename: Abdul Rashid
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Aziz
authors.forename: Rabindarjeet
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001642:Bicycling / Q000502:physiology*; D005215:Fasting / Q000502:physiology*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D006813:Humidity; D007514:Islam; D008297:Male; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D009067:Mouthwashes