title: Association between sleep quality and C-reactive protein: results from national health and nutrition examination survey, 2005-2008.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to explore the association between poor sleep quality and hs_CRP in an adult U.S. population.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study focused on 9,317 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005-2008 who were aged 20-85 years, completed a sleep disorder questionnaire, and had available information on serum hs_CRP. Sleep quality was classified into three categories (good, moderate, poor) based on the responses of participants to the NHANES sleep disorder questionnaire. High CRP was defined as hs-CRP >1 md/dL. Linear regression model was applied to investigate the association between poor sleep quality and log-transformed hs_CRP. And logistic regression model was fitted to evaluate the association between sleep quality and the risk of high CRP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Females were more likely to report poor sleep quality than males (26% vs. 19%, p<0.0001). Each sleep disorder was significantly associated with increased hs_CRP and correlative to other sleep disorders. In fully-adjusted linear regression model, poor sleep quality was significantly associated with elevated hs_CRP (log transformed) among the overall sample and in females only (β = 0.10, se = 0.03, p<0.01 and β = 0.13, se = 0.04, p<0.01, respectively). In fully-adjusted logistics regression model, poor sleep quality was linked with risk of high CRP(OR: 1.42, 95%CI: 1.15-1.76 in overall sample and OR: 1.59, 95%CI: 1.18-2.14 in females, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that poor sleep quality was independently associated with elevated hs_CRP in females but not in males in a U.S. adult population.
authors.affiliation: Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China; Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Children's Hospital of Chicago Research Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Children's Hospital of Chicago Research Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Sleep Medicine Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
authors.forename: Phyllis C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Zee
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
authors.forename: Lifang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yongxiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Du
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D006262:Health; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D012890:Sleep; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein