title: A peptide-free, liposome-based oligosaccharide vaccine, adjuvanted with a natural killer T cell antigen, generates robust antibody responsesin vivo.
abstract: Due to the prevalence of oligo- and polysaccharides on the surfaces of pathogenic organisms, carbohydrates are primary targets for recognition by antibodies generated by the immune systems of higher organisms. Consequently, substantial effort has been expended in efforts to develop vaccines based on carbohydrate epitopes. Typical approaches involve multivalent presentation of carbohydrate targets on antigenic peptides or proteins, which often involve substantial synthetic commitments and/or vaccines that are heterogeneous and difficult to characterize. We have developed a simple, liposome-based approach to generate multivalent carbohydrate vaccines, and in place of an antigenic peptide or protein, we have used a potent antigen for natural killer T cells. This vaccine, based on theStreptococcus pneumoniaeserotype 14 polysaccharide, gave a response superior to that from a clinically used vaccine (Prevnar). The dependence of this response on liposome formation was demonstrated by comparison to a simple mixture of the oligosaccharide and the natural killer T cell adjuvant. The importance of the strength of the adjuvant was observed by use of a potent synthetic adjuvant and a weaker, bacterial derived glycolipid adjuvant. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of this novel and relatively simple means of generating carbohydrate-based vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT84602.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Committee on Immunology and Department of Pathology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago IL 60637.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Reboulet
authors.affiliation: Committee on Immunology and Department of Pathology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago IL 60637.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Matthew
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Engler
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT84602.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Teyton
authors.affiliation: Committee on Immunology and Department of Pathology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago IL 60637.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bendelac
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT84602.
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Savage