title: The electrocardiogram in Down syndrome.
abstract: Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal abnormality, with an incidence of one case in every 650 live births. It is strongly associated with heart disease, which constitutes the main cause of mortality during the first 2 years of life in this population. Most of the cardiac abnormalities in patients with Down syndrome can be suspected by analysing the surface 12-lead ECG. The purpose of this systematic review was to analyse all available published material on surface ECG and cardiac rhythm and conduction abnormalities in patients with Down syndrome to facilitate the search to the clinical cardiologist and paediatrician.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Cardiology,Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires,Buenos Aires,Argentina.
authors.forename: Milagros
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caro
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Cardiology,Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires,Buenos Aires,Argentina.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Conde
authors.affiliation: 2Department of Cardiology,Electro-Vectorcardigraphic Section,ABC Medical School,ABC Foundation,Santo Andre,Sao Paulo,Brazil.
authors.forename: Andrés R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Pérez-Riera
authors.affiliation: 3Department of Cardiology,Universidade Federal do Ceará,Recife,Brazil.
authors.forename: Adail P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: de Almeida
authors.affiliation: 4Department of Cardiology,Queen's University,Kingston,Ontario,Canada.
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baranchuk
mesh_terms: D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D014943:Global Health; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence