title: Recovery from desflurane anesthesia in horses with and without post-anesthetic xylazine.
abstract: The objective of this study was to compare recovery from desflurane anesthesia in horses with or without post-anesthetic xylazine. Six adult horses were anesthetized on 2 occasions, 14 d apart using a prospective, randomized crossover design. Horses were sedated with xylazine, induced to lateral recumbency with ketamine and diazepam, and anesthesia was maintained with desflurane. One of 2 treatments was administered intravenously at the end of anesthesia: xylazine [0.2 mg/kg body weight (BW)] or an equivalent volume of saline. Recovery parameters were recorded and assessed by 2 blinded observers. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to analyze recovery data. Heart rate, arterial blood pressures, and arterial blood gas data were analyzed using 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures. Values of P < 0.05 were considered significant. Duration of anesthesia was not different between groups. Administration of xylazine at the end of desflurane anesthesia was associated with significantly longer times to first movement, endotracheal tube removal, first attempt to achieve sternal recumbency, sternal recumbency, first attempt to stand, and standing. Number of attempts to stand and quality of recovery scores were not different between groups. Administering xylazine after desflurane anesthesia resulted in longer recovery times. Recovery scores were not significantly different between groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Turi K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Aarnes
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Richard M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Bednarski
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Alicia L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Bertone
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
authors.forename: John A E
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hubbell
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Phillip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lerche
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia / Q000662:veterinary*; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis / Q000662:veterinary; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D000077335:Desflurane; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006736:Horses / Q000502:physiology*; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014743:Videotape Recording; D014991:Xylazine / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D014991:Xylazine; D000077335:Desflurane; D007530:Isoflurane