title: Influence of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of fruit juices enriched with pine bark extract on intestinal microflora.
abstract: The selective antimicrobial effect of fruit juices enriched with pine bark extract (PBE) (0.5 g/L) has been studied before and after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. PBE (a concentrate of water-soluble bioflavonoids, mainly including phenolic compounds) has been proven to have high stability to the digestion process. Pure phenolic compounds such as gallic acid had a high antimicrobial effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, maintaining the lactic acid bacteria population (≈100%). Otherwise, E. coli O157:H7 only growth 50% when PBE was added to the culture media, while a slight increase on the growth of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria was observed after exposition to the bark extract. Fresh fruit juices enriched with PBE showed the highest inhibitory effect on pathogenic intestinal bacterial growth, mainly E. coli and Enterococcus faecalis. The in vitro digestion process reduced the antibacterial effect of juices against most pathogenic bacteria in approximately 10%. However, the beneficial effect of fruit juices enriched with PBE (0.5 g/L) on gut microbiota is still considerable after digestion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Spain. Electronic address: rubenln@um.es.
authors.forename: Rubén
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: López-Nicolás
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: González-Bermúdez
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Gaspar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ros-Berruezo
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Frontela-Saseta
mesh_terms: D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007778:Lactobacillus; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D028223:Pinus / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Fruit juices; In vitro digestion; Intestinal microbiota; Pine bark extract