title: Endoscopic management of biliary disorders: diagnostic and therapeutic.
abstract: The use of peroral endoscopy in the diagnosis of and therapy for biliary disorders has evolved immensely since the introduction of flexible fiberoptic endoscopes more than 50 years ago. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was introduced approximately a decade after flexible upper endoscopy and has evolved from a purely diagnostic procedure to almost exclusively a therapeutic procedure for managing biliary tract disorders. Endoscopic ultrasound, which continues to be a procedure of high diagnostic yield, is becoming a therapeutic modality for management of biliary diseases. This article discusses the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic ultrasound for evaluation and treatment of biliary diseases.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina, 41041 Bioinformatics Boulevard, CB 7080, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-0001, USA. Electronic address: todd_baron@med.unc.edu.
authors.forename: Todd H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Baron
mesh_terms: D001660:Biliary Tract Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D004322:Drainage / Q000379:methods; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D019160:Endosonography / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008100:Liver Abscess / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000601:surgery; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods
keywords: Biliary disorders; Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; Endoscopic ultrasound; Endoscopy