title: Evolution of branch points for a laser beam propagating through an uplink turbulent atmosphere.
abstract: Evolution of branch points in the distorted optical field is studied when a laser beam propagates through turbulent atmosphere along an uplink path. Two categories of propagation events are mainly explored for the same propagation height: fixed wavelength with change of the turbulence strength and fixed turbulence strength with change of the wavelength. It is shown that, when the beam propagates to a certain height, the density of the branch-points reaches its maximum and such a height changes with the turbulence strength but nearly remains constant with different wavelengths. The relationship between the density of branch-points and the Rytov number is also given. A fitted formula describing the relationship between the density of branch-points and propagation height with different turbulence strength and wavelength is found out. Interestingly, this formula is very similar to the formula used for describing the Blackbody radiation in physics. The results obtained may be helpful for atmospheric optics, astronomy and optical communication.
authors.forename: Xiao-Lu
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Cheng-Shan
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Guo