title: Cerebral networks of sustained attention and working memory: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study based on the Continuous Performance Test.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  One of the most used paradigms in the study of attention is the Continuous Performance Test (CPT). The identical pairs version (CPT-IP) has been widely used to evaluate attention deficits in developmental, neurological and psychiatric disorders. However, the specific locations and the relative distribution of brain activation in networks identified with functional imaging, varies significantly with differences in task design.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To design a task to evaluate sustained attention using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and thus to provide data for research concerned with the role of these functions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty right-handed, healthy students (50% women; age range: 18-25 years) were recruited. A CPT-IP implemented as a block design was used to assess sustained attention during the fMRI session.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The behavioural results from the CPT-IP task showed a good performance in all subjects, higher than 80% of hits. fMRI results showed that the used CPT-IP task activates a network of frontal, parietal and occipital areas, and that these are related to executive and attentional functions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In relation to the use of the CPT to study of attention and working memory, this task provides normative data in healthy adults, and it could be useful to evaluate disorders which have attentional and working memory deficits.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bartés-Serrallonga
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Adan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Solé-Casals
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Caldú
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Falcón
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pérez-Pàmies
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bargalló
authors.affiliation: Universitat de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Espana.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Serra-Grabulosa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology*; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000502:physiology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D055815:Young Adult