title: Testosterone therapy and cancer risk.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if testosterone therapy (TT) status modifies a man's risk of cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Urology clinic hormone database was queried for all men with a serum testosterone level and charts examined to determine TT status. Patient records were linked to the Texas Cancer Registry to determine the incidence of cancer. Men accrued time at risk from the date of initiating TT or the first office visit for men not on TT. Standardised incidence rates and time to event analysis were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all, 247 men were on TT and 211 did not use testosterone. In all, 47 men developed cancer, 27 (12.8%) were not on TT and 20 (8.1%) on TT. There was no significant difference in the risk of cancer incidence based on TT (hazard ratio [HR] 1.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.57-1.9; P = 1.8). There was no difference in prostate cancer risk based on TT status (HR 1.2, 95% CI 0.54-2.50).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was no change in cancer risk overall, or prostate cancer risk specifically, for men aged >40 years using long-term TT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Michael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Eisenberg
authors.forename: Shufeng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Betts
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Herder
authors.forename: Dolores J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lamb
authors.forename: Larry I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Lipshultz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000728:Androgens / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D020249:Hormone Replacement Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007006:Hypogonadism / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013739:Testosterone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013781:Texas / Q000453:epidemiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D013739:Testosterone
keywords: hypogonadism; neoplasms; testosterone