title: The impact of mood and anxiety disorders on incident hypertension at one year.
abstract: Background. Studies assessing the association between psychological factors and hypertension have been equivocal, which may reflect limitations in the assessment of psychological factors. Purpose. To assess the relationship between mood and anxiety disorders, measured using a psychiatric interview, and 1-year incident hypertension. Methods. 197 nonhypertensive individuals undergoing exercise stress testing at baseline provided follow-up data at 1 year. Baseline assessments included a structure psychiatric interview (PRIME-MD), physician diagnosis of hypertension, and measured blood pressure. At follow-up, hypertension status was assessed via self-reported physician diagnosis. Results. Having an anxiety disorder was associated with a 4-fold increase in the risk of developing hypertension (adjusted OR = 4.14, 95% CIs = 1.18-14.56). In contrast, having a mood disorder was not associated with incident hypertension (adjusted OR = 1.21, 95% CIs = 0.24-5.86). Conclusions. There are potential mechanisms which could explain our differential mood and anxiety findings. The impact of screening and treatment of anxiety disorders on hypertension needs to be explored.
authors.affiliation: Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre, Research Centre, Hopital du Sacre-Coeur de Montreal, 5400 Boulevard Gouin Ouest, Montréal, QC, Canada H4J 1C5 ; Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC, Canada H4B 1R6 ; Centre de Readaptation Jean-Jacques-Gauthier, Hopital du Sacre-Coeur de Montréal, 5400 Boulevard Gouin Ouest, Montréal, QC, Canada H4J 1C5 ; Research Centre, Montréal Heart Institute, 5000 rue Belanger, Montréal, QC, Canada H1T 1C8.
authors.forename: Simon L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Bacon
authors.affiliation: Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre, Research Centre, Hopital du Sacre-Coeur de Montreal, 5400 Boulevard Gouin Ouest, Montréal, QC, Canada H4J 1C5 ; Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AL, Canada T2N 1N4.
authors.forename: Tavis S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.affiliation: Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre, Research Centre, Hopital du Sacre-Coeur de Montreal, 5400 Boulevard Gouin Ouest, Montréal, QC, Canada H4J 1C5 ; Research Centre, Montréal Heart Institute, 5000 rue Belanger, Montréal, QC, Canada H1T 1C8.
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arsenault
authors.affiliation: Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre, Research Centre, Hopital du Sacre-Coeur de Montreal, 5400 Boulevard Gouin Ouest, Montréal, QC, Canada H4J 1C5 ; Centre de Readaptation Jean-Jacques-Gauthier, Hopital du Sacre-Coeur de Montréal, 5400 Boulevard Gouin Ouest, Montréal, QC, Canada H4J 1C5 ; Research Centre, Montréal Heart Institute, 5000 rue Belanger, Montréal, QC, Canada H1T 1C8 ; Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal (UQAM), C.P. 8888 succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3P8.
authors.forename: Kim L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Lavoie