title: Star-shaped polymers of bio-inspired algae core and poly(acrylamide) and poly(acrylic acid) as arms in dissolution of silica/silicate.
abstract: Silica, in natural waters (due to weathering of rocks) decreases system performance in water processing industry due to scaling. In view of that, the present work involves the synthesis of novel green star shaped additives of algae core (a bio-inspired material as diatom maintains silicic acid equilibrium in sea water) as silica polymerization inhibitors. Star shaped materials with bio-inspired core and poly(acrylamide) [poly(AAm)] and poly(acrylic acid) [poly(AAc)] arms were synthesized by economical green approach. The proficiency was evaluated in 'mini lab' scale for the synthesized APAAm (Algae-g-poly(AAm)) and APAAc (Algae-g-poly(AAc)) dendrimers (star shaped) in colloidal silica mitigation/inhibition at 35 °C and 55 °C. Synthesized dendrimers were equally proficient in silica inhibition at 12 h and maintains ≥450 ppm soluble silica. However, APAAm dendrimers of generation 0 confirmed better results (≈300 ppm) in contrast to APAAc dendrimers in silica inhibition at 55 °C. Additionally, dendrimers also worked as a nucleator for heterogeneous polymerization to inhibit silica homo-polymerization. APAAm dendrimer test set showed no silica deposit for more than 10 days of inhibition. EDX characterization results support nucleator mechanism with Si content of 6.97%-10.98% by weight in silica deposits (SiO2-APAAm dendrimer composites).
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, India. Electronic address: kalpana13chauhan@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kalpana
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chauhan
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, India.
authors.forename: Priyanka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Patiyal
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla 171005, India.
authors.forename: Ghanshyam S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Chauhan
authors.affiliation: Himachal Pradesh State Pollution Control Board, Shimla 171009, India.
authors.forename: Praveen
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sharma
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology; D058086:Microalgae; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D015394:Molecular Structure; D008982:Molybdenum / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry*; D017655:Silicon Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D000099166:Polyacrylamides
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D008982:Molybdenum; D011108:Polymers; D017640:Silicates; D017655:Silicon Compounds; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D000099166:Polyacrylamides; C013250:silicomolybdate; C006903:carbopol 940
keywords: Algae; Green dendrimers; Heterogeneous; Silica inhibition