title: Antitumor and immunomodulatory effects of weikangfu granule compound in tumor-bearing mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Weikangfu granule compound (WKC) is a drug preparation based on a clinical prescription drug, Weikangfu-tang, which has been found to have therapeutic effects on gastric cancer. WKC comprises 7 components, including polysaccharides, saponin, flavonoids, and essential oil.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to assess the antitumor and immunomodulatory effects of WKC in a tumor-bearing rodent model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male and female Kuming mice weighing ∼20 g were subcutaneously implanted with sarcoma 180 (S180) tumor cells and randomly assigned to 1 of 5 treatment groups: oral WKC 175, 350, or 525 mg/kg·d, isotonic saline (negative control), or intraperitoneal cyclophosphamide 25 mg/kg·d (positive control). All treatments were administered daily for 10 days. After euthanization on day 11, the mice, tumors, and spleens were weighed. Lymphocyte proliferation and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity were determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide cellular viability assay method. Macrophage phagocytosis was identified using a yeast test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty mice were included in the study (10 mice were assigned to each group). The tumors of the mice administered WKC 175, 350, and 525 mg/kg·d were significantly regressed, as determined using MICs, compared with those in the negative-control group (P<0.05, P<0.01, and P<0.01, respectively), and the inhibitory rates were 30.43%, 46.72%, and 54.35%, respectively. Compared with those in the negative-control group, CTL activities and lymphocyte proliferations in the presence of concanavalin A were significantly greater in the WKC-treated groups at all doses (CTL activities: P<0.05, P<0.01, and P<0.01, respectively; lymphocyte proliferations: P<0.05, P<0.01, and P<0.01, respectively). In the groups receiving WKC 175, 350, and 525 mg/kg·d, the phagocytic rates were 1.5- to 2.0-fold those in the negative-control group (P<0.05, P<0.01, and P<0.01, respectively). In the groups receiving WKC 175, 350, and 525 mg/kg·d, the phagocytic indexes were 3.7- to 5.0-fold those in the negative-control group (all, P<0.01). In contrast, lymphocyte proliferation in the positive-control group was significantly less compared with that in the negative-control group (P<0.01), but no significant differences were found in CTL activities or macrophage phagocytosis between these 2 groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study in a rodent model suggest that WKC exhibited antitumor and immunomodulatory activities in S180-bearing mice, and that WKC improved nonspecific and specific immune functions in mice, such as lymphocyte proliferation, CTL activity, and macrophage phagocytosis.
authors.affiliation: College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaohua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.affiliation: Guangdong VTR Bio-Tech Co., Ltd., Zhuhai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Baojun
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yuting
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: College of Biotechnology, Southern Yangtze University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wenyi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tao
keywords: S180 tumor; Weikangfu granule compound; antitumor activity; immunomodulation activity