title: Effects of water-saving irrigation on emissions of greenhouse gases and prokaryotic communities in rice paddy soil.
abstract: The effects of water-saving irrigation on emissions of greenhouse gases and soil prokaryotic communities were investigated in an experimental rice field. The water layer was kept at 1-2 cm in the water-saving (WS) irrigation treatment and at 6 cm in the continuous flooding (CF) irrigation treatment. WS irrigation decreased CH(4) emissions by 78 % and increased N(2)O emissions by 533 %, resulting in 78 % reduction of global warming potential compared to the CF irrigation. WS irrigation did not affect the abundance or phylogenetic distribution of bacterial/archaeal 16S rRNA genes and the abundance of bacterial/archaeal 16S rRNAs. The transcript abundance of CH(4) emission-related genes generally followed CH(4) emission patterns, but the difference in abundance between mcrA transcripts and amoA/pmoA transcripts best described the differences in CH(4) emissions between the two irrigation practices. WS irrigation increased the relative abundance of 16S rRNAs and functional gene transcripts associated with Anaeromyxobacter and Methylocystis spp., suggesting that their activities might be important in emissions of the greenhouse gases. The N(2)O emission patterns were not reflected in the abundance of N(2)O emission-related genes and transcripts. We showed that the alternative irrigation practice was effective for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions from rice fields and that it did not affect the overall size and structure of the soil prokaryotic community but did affect the activity of some groups.
authors.affiliation: Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, 441-707, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Hyung
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Min-Young
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Byung-Yong
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jong-Sik
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jaekyeong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Gun-Yeob
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hang-Yeon
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Weon
mesh_terms: D057914:Agricultural Irrigation / Q000379:methods*; D001105:Archaea / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development; D019766:Genes, Archaeal; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D017752:Greenhouse Effect; D008697:Methane / Q000378:metabolism*; D009609:Nitrous Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D012275:Oryza; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012621:Seasons; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D014867:Water; D009609:Nitrous Oxide; D008697:Methane