title: Migration of Ti from nano-TiO₂-polyethylene composite packaging into food simulants.
abstract: An analytical method based on ICP-MS was developed for the determination of Ti in food simulants (3% (w/v) aqueous acetic acid and 50% (v/v) aqueous ethanol). The method was used to determine the migration of Ti from nano-TiO₂-PE films used for food packaging into food simulants under different temperature and migration time conditions. The maximum migration amounts into 3% (w/v) aqueous acetic acid were 1.4 ± 0.02, 6.3 ± 0.5 and 12.1 ± 0.2 μg kg(-1) at 25, 70 and 100°C, respectively, while into 50% (v/v) aqueous ethanol, the maximum migration amounts were 0.5 ± 0.1, 0.6 ± 0.03 and 2.1 ± 0.1 μg kg(-1) at 25, 70 and 100°C, respectively. Increasing the additive content in the film promoted migration of nanoparticles. The results indicated that the migration of nanoparticles might occur via dissolution from the surface and cut edges of the solid phase (film) into the liquid phase (food simulant).
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Product Packaging and Logistics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes , Packaging Engineering Institute, Jinan University , Zhuhai , China.
authors.forename: Qin-Bao
authors.initials: QB
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: He
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Huai-Ning
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Quan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Da-Hui
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Zhi-Wei
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid; D000431:Ethanol; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D018857:Food Packaging; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010316:Particle Size; D020959:Polyethylene; D014025:Titanium / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D014867:Water; C009495:titanium dioxide; D000431:Ethanol; D020959:Polyethylene; D014025:Titanium; D019342:Acetic Acid
keywords: food simulants; metals analysis – ICP/MS; migration; packaging; packaging additives