title: A prospective evaluation of posterior capsule opacification in eyes with diabetes mellitus: a case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the development of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) between eyes with and without diabetes mellitus after single-piece hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lens implantation 4 years postoperatively.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective, observational case-control study carried out at Iladevi Cataract and IOL Research Centre, Ahmedabad, India, 75 consecutive eyes with diabetes mellitus (cases) were compared with 75 age-matched eyes with age-related cataract (controls). A detailed, preoperative and posterior segment evaluation was carried out in eyes with diabetes mellitus to detect the presence or absence of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The Mann-Whitney U-test was applied to compare the differences in the development of PCO between the two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no difference in median PCO between cases and controls at 1 month (2.0 vs 1.50, P<0.068), but cases had a higher median PCO at 12 months (2.95 vs 1.30, P<0.001). At 4 years, there was no significant difference in median PCO between cases and controls (3.75 vs 2.25, P=0.273). The duration of diabetes increased the incidence of PCO at 4 years (P=0.02). Severity of DR had no influence on the progress of PCO at 4 years (P=0.69).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diabetes mellitus did not increase the incidence of PCO at 4 years. The duration of diabetes increased the risk of PCO. The severity of retinopathy did not influence the development of PCO.
authors.affiliation: Iladevi Cataract and IOL Research Center, Raghudeep Eye Clinic, Ahmedabad, India.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Praveen
authors.affiliation: Iladevi Cataract and IOL Research Center, Raghudeep Eye Clinic, Ahmedabad, India.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Vasavada
authors.affiliation: Iladevi Cataract and IOL Research Center, Raghudeep Eye Clinic, Ahmedabad, India.
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Iladevi Cataract and IOL Research Center, Raghudeep Eye Clinic, Ahmedabad, India.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Retina Clinic, Thakore Eye Hospital, Ahmedabad, India.
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Khamar
authors.affiliation: Iladevi Cataract and IOL Research Center, Raghudeep Eye Clinic, Ahmedabad, India.
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Dave
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D058442:Capsule Opacification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D057852:Posterior Capsule of the Lens / Q000473:pathology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019591:Pseudophakia; D013997:Time Factors; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins