title: Impact of cigarette smoke on the human and mouse lungs: a gene-expression comparison study.
abstract: Cigarette smoke is well known for its adverse effects on human health, especially on the lungs. Basic research is essential to identify the mechanisms involved in the development of cigarette smoke-related diseases, but translation of new findings from pre-clinical models to the clinic remains difficult. In the present study, we aimed at comparing the gene expression signature between the lungs of human smokers and mice exposed to cigarette smoke to identify the similarities and differences. Using human and mouse whole-genome gene expression arrays, changes in gene expression, signaling pathways and biological functions were assessed. We found that genes significantly modulated by cigarette smoke in humans were enriched for genes modulated by cigarette smoke in mice, suggesting a similar response of both species. Sixteen smoking-induced genes were in common between humans and mice including six newly reported to be modulated by cigarette smoke. In addition, we identified a new conserved pulmonary response to cigarette smoke in the induction of phospholipid metabolism/degradation pathways. Finally, the majority of biological functions modulated by cigarette smoke in humans were also affected in mice. Altogether, the present study provides information on similarities and differences in lung gene expression response to cigarette smoke that exist between human and mouse. Our results foster the idea that animal models should be used to study the involvement of pathways rather than single genes in human diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Mathieu C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Morissette
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec city, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Maxime
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lamontagne
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec city, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Jean-Christophe
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Bérubé
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Gordon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gaschler
authors.affiliation: Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Carole
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yauk
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec city, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Couture
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec city, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laviolette
authors.affiliation: Center for Heart and Lung Health St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Medicine Respiratory Division, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: James C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hogg
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Medical Biology University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Timens
authors.affiliation: Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Sabina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Halappanavar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health at St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Martin R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Stampfli
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec city, Québec, Canada; Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Quebec city, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Yohan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bossé
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008875:Middle Aged; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism; D012906:Smoke / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013045:Species Specificity; D062789:Tobacco Products; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D010743:Phospholipids; D012906:Smoke