title: Effects of fish oil with a high content of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on mouse gut microbiota.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Many studies show that fish oil with high content of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) plays an important role in human health and disease. But the effects of fish oil with high content of PUFAs on gut microbiota, which are also known play a significant role in several human diseases, is not clear. In the present study we evaluated the effects of fish oil with high content of n-3 PUFAs on gut microbiota.
  
  
  METHODS
  Changes in gut microbiota in ICR mice after supplementation of fish oil (containing eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid: ∼40 and 27% respectively) for 15 days was characterized using the hypervariable V3 region of the 16 rRNA gene-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiling, DNA sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis techniques.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fish oil treatment resulted in a decrease in Helicobacter, Uncultured bacterium clone WD2_aaf07d12 (GenBank: EU511712.1), Clostridiales bacterium, Sphingomonadales bacterium and Pseudomonas species Firmicutes, and several uncultured bacteria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fish oil with a high content of n-3 PUFAs are capable of producing significant changes in the gut microbiota that may, at least in part, explain the health benefits or injury induced by fish oil use.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Hai-Ning
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Wen-sheng
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Sheng-Rong
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Wei-Guang
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.affiliation: UND Life Sciences, Federal Way, Washington. Electronic address: Undurti@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Undurti N
authors.initials: UN
authors.lastname: Das
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D064307:Microbiota / Q000187:drug effects*; D010802:Phylogeny
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005395:Fish Oils
keywords: Fish oil; Gut microbiota; PCR-DGGE; Phylogenetic analysis