title: Neuromuscular choristoma of the sciatic nerve and lumbosacral plexus: an association with nerve-territory undergrowth in the pelvis affecting soft tissue and bone.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Neuromuscular choristomas (NMC) are rare congenital lesions with differentiated muscle found within peripheral nerves. Patients often present with progressive neuropathy, undergrowth of the affected limb, and limb length discrepancy. In the sciatic nerve (the most common location of NMC), this may lead to specific manifestations in the distal limb, including progressive neuropathy, a shortened atrophic limb and a cavus foot. We hypothesized that the presence of NMC of the sciatic nerve (proximal to the sciatic notch) extending to the lumbosacral plexus could lead to abnormalities in proximal nerve territories (i.e., nerve, muscle and bone) within the hemipelvis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of all cases of sciatic nerve NMCs diagnosed at the Mayo Clinic was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven patients were identified with sciatic nerve NMCs extending proximal and distal to the sciatic notch. Four patients with NMCs had denervation of muscles within the pelvis and ipsilateral undergrowth of bone which resulted in three cases of hip dysplasia. To our knowledge, the finding of proximal nerve-territory soft tissue and bony undergrowth (including hip dysplasia) in patients with NMCs involving the sciatic nerve and lumbosacral plexus has not previously been recognized.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This finding will aid in both the diagnosis of the disease and an understanding of associated conditions.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Neurologic Surgery and Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA, spinner.robert@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Ravi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: B Matthew
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Howe
authors.forename: Kimberly K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Amrami
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Spinner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002828:Choristoma / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006617:Hip Dislocation / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008160:Lumbosacral Plexus / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal; D010388:Pelvis; D010523:Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012584:Sciatic Nerve / Q000473:pathology; D020426:Sciatic Neuropathy / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D055815:Young Adult