title: In vivo antimalarial efficacy of acetogenins, alkaloids and flavonoids enriched fractions from Annona crassiflora Mart.
abstract: Annona crassiflora and Annonaceae plants are known to be used to treat malaria by traditional healers. In this work, the antimalarial efficacy of different fractions of A. crassiflora, particularly acetogenin, alkaloids and flavonoid-rich fractions, was determined in vivo using Plasmodium berghei-infected mice model and toxicity was accessed by brine shrimp assay. The A. crassiflora fractions were administered at doses of 12.5 mg/kg/day in a 4-day test protocol. The results showed that some fractions from woods were rich in acetogenins, alkaloids and terpenes, and other fractions from leaves were rich in alkaloids and flavonoids. The parasitaemia was significantly (p < 0.05, p < 0.001) reduced (57-75%) with flavonoid and alkaloid-rich leaf fractions, which also increased mean survival time of mice after treatment. Our results confirm the usage of this plant in folk medicine as an antimalarial remedy.
authors.affiliation: a Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte , MG 31270-901 , Brazil.
authors.forename: Lúcia Pinheiro Santos
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Pimenta
authors.forename: Giani Martins
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Samuel Geraldo do Vale
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.forename: Bárbara Lana
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Dionísio
authors.forename: Erika Martins
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Braga
authors.forename: Vanessa Carla Furtado
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Mosqueira
mesh_terms: D054378:Acetogenins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000470:Alkaloids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D031041:Annona / Q000737:chemistry*; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001156:Artemia / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008288:Malaria / Q000188:drug therapy; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D051379:Mice; D015394:Molecular Structure; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D010962:Plasmodium berghei / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D054378:Acetogenins; D000470:Alkaloids; D000962:Antimalarials; D005419:Flavonoids
keywords: Annona crassiflora; antimalarial efficacy; aporphine alkaloids; flavonoids