title: Half-ironman induces changes in the kidney function of triathletes.
abstract: Long duration exercise may lead to the occurrence of urine abnormalities. Aiming to investigate the effects of triathlon training and competition on the renal function, twelve male triathletes (32.60 ± 5.10 years, 175.04 ± 6.67m, 71.83 ± 7.42Kg) were studied during the 12-week training protocol and after a Half Ironman. Urine was collected in M-1 - beginning of the training season, M-2 - before the competition and M-3 - after the half ironman. Urine pH was measured using reagent strips, density with a refractometer, proteinuria by Bradford assay, creatinine with a colorimetric assay and blood cells by microscopy. Data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk test, One-Way ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer test (p < 0,05). Changes were found after the competition in the protein (M-1= 7.41 ± 2.48; M-2= 7.57 ± 3.74; M-3= 86.10 ± 76.21 mg/mL), creatinine (M-1= 157.66 ± 41.59; M-2= 177.68 ± 44.46; M-3= 316.46 ± 132.86 mg/mL), erythrocytes (M-1= 1060.00 ± 0.30; M-2= 1142.86 ± 377.96; M-3= 52555.56 ± 58.65 units/mL) and leucocytes (M-1= 2375.00 ± 744.02; M-2= 2090.00 ± 0.50; M-3= 5000.00 ± 2738.60 units/mL) excretion when compared to the other collection times. These effects are probably due to the exercise-induced modifications in the glomerular membrane and endocrine variables such as anti diuretic hormone, catecholamines and aldosterone.
authors.affiliation: Escola de Educacao Fisica e Esporte de Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Enrico F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Puggina
authors.affiliation: Escola de Educacao Fisica e Esporte de Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Dalmo R L
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.affiliation: Escola de Educacao Fisica e Esporte de Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tourinho Filho
authors.affiliation: Escola de Educacao Fisica e Esporte de Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Valdir J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Barbanti
mesh_terms: D001642:Bicycling / Q000502:physiology; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine*; D004906:Erythrocyte Count; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007668:Kidney / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000652:urine*; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology; D013550:Swimming / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine