title: Anthelmintic activity of crude extract and essential oil of Tanacetum vulgare (Asteraceae) against adult worms of Schistosoma mansoni.
abstract: Schistosomiasis, a parasitic disease caused by trematode flatworms of the genus Schistosoma, affects more than 200 million people worldwide, and its control is dependent on a single drug, praziquantel. Tanacetum vulgare (Asteraceae) is used in folk medicine as a vermifuge. This study aimed to investigate the in vitro schistosomicidal activity of the crude extract (TV) and the essential oil (TV-EO) from the aerial parts of T. vulgare. TV-EO was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC/MS, which allowed the identification of β-thujone (84.13%) as the major constituent. TV and TV-EO, at 200 μg/mL, decreased motor activity and caused 100% mortality of all adult worms. At 100 and 50 μg/mL, only TV caused death of all adult worms, while TV-EO was inactive. TV (200 μg/mL) was also able to reduce viability and decrease production of developed eggs. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed morphological alterations in the tegument of the S. mansoni surface after incubation with TV (50 and 100 μg/mL). Quantitative analysis on the schistosomes tegument showed that TV caused changes in the numbers of tubercles of S. mansoni male worms in a dose-dependent manner. The findings suggest that T. vulgare is a potential source of schistosomicidal compounds.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Loyana Silva
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Godinho
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lara Soares
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Aleixo de Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Clarissa Campos
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Barbosa de Castro
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mirna Meana
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Priscila de Faria
authors.initials: Pde F
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antônio Eduardo Miller
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Crotti
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Enteroparasitas, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, 01246-902 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pedro Luiz Silva
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Ciências de Guarulhos, FACIG/UNIESP, 07025-000 Guarulhos, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Josué
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Moraes
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ademar A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Da Silva Filho
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012550:Schistosoma mansoni / Q000187:drug effects*; D031203:Tanacetum / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D010936:Plant Extracts