title: Reactive oxygen species-related activities of nano-iron metal and nano-iron oxides.
abstract: Nano-iron metal and nano-iron oxides are among the most widely used engineered and naturally occurring nanostructures, and the increasing incidence of biological exposure to these nanostructures has raised concerns about their biotoxicity. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative stress is one of the most accepted toxic mechanisms and, in the past decades, considerable efforts have been made to investigate the ROS-related activities of iron nanostructures. In this review, we summarize activities of nano-iron metal and nano-iron oxides in ROS-related redox processes, addressing in detail the known homogeneous and heterogeneous redox mechanisms involved in these processes, intrinsic ROS-related properties of iron nanostructures (chemical composition, particle size, and crystalline phase), and ROS-related bio-microenvironmental factors, including physiological pH and buffers, biogenic reducing agents, and other organic substances.
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD 20740, USA.
authors.forename: Haohao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD 20740, USA. Electronic address: junjie.yin@fda.hhs.gov.
authors.forename: Jun-Jie
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD 20740, USA.
authors.forename: Wayne G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Wamer
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, China.
authors.forename: Mingyong
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
authors.forename: Y Martin
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Lo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D060833:Cellular Microenvironment; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C000499:ferric oxide; D007501:Iron
keywords: Iron oxide; Metallic iron; Nanoparticle; Reactive oxygen species; Toxicity