title: Maternal obesity exacerbates insulitis and type 1 diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice.
abstract: Accompanying the dramatic increase in maternal obesity, the incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children is also rapidly increasing. The objective of this study was to explore the effects of maternal obesity on the incidence of T1D in offspring using non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, a common model for TID. Four-week-old female NOD mice were fed either a control diet (10% energy from fat, CON) or a high-fat diet (60% energy from fat) for 8 weeks before mating. Mice were maintained in their respective diets during pregnancy and lactation. All offspring mice were fed the CON to 16 weeks. Female offspring (16-week-old) born to obese dams showed more severe islet lymphocyte infiltration (major manifestation of insulitis) (P<0.01), concomitant with elevated nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells p65 signaling (P<0.01) and tumor necrosis factor alpha protein level (P<0.05) in the pancreas. In addition, maternal obesity resulted in impaired (P<0.05) glucose tolerance and lower (P<0.05) serum insulin levels in offspring. In conclusion, maternal obesity resulted in exacerbated insulitis and inflammation in the pancreas of NOD offspring mice, providing a possible explanation for the increased incidence of T1D in children.
authors.affiliation: School of Food ScienceWashington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, USADepartment of Animal SciencesWashington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USASchool of Food ScienceUniversity of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844, USASchool of Food ScienceWashington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, USADepartment of Animal SciencesWashington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USASchool of Food ScienceUniversity of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844, USA.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Food ScienceWashington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, USADepartment of Animal SciencesWashington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USASchool of Food ScienceUniversity of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844, USA.
authors.forename: Yansong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: School of Food ScienceWashington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, USADepartment of Animal SciencesWashington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USASchool of Food ScienceUniversity of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844, USA.
authors.forename: Baolin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Food ScienceWashington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, USADepartment of Animal SciencesWashington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USASchool of Food ScienceUniversity of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844, USA.
authors.forename: Junxing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: School of Food ScienceWashington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, USADepartment of Animal SciencesWashington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USASchool of Food ScienceUniversity of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844, USA.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: School of Food ScienceWashington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, USADepartment of Animal SciencesWashington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USASchool of Food ScienceUniversity of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844, USA.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: School of Food ScienceWashington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, USADepartment of Animal SciencesWashington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USASchool of Food ScienceUniversity of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844, USA.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: School of Food ScienceWashington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, USADepartment of Animal SciencesWashington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USASchool of Food ScienceUniversity of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844, USASchool of Food ScienceWashington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, USADepartment of Animal SciencesWashington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USASchool of Food ScienceUniversity of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844, USA meijun.zhu@wsu.edu.
authors.forename: Mei-Jun
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D039382:Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D012307:Risk Factors; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013997:Time Factors; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; C498144:Rela protein, mouse; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha