title: Recent advances and future trends in the targeted therapy of metastatic gastric cancer.
abstract: The better understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind gastric cancer has led to the development of new therapeutic strategies that are likely to improve patient outcomes in the near future. Recently, targeting the HER2 and the VEGF pathways with trastuzumab and ramucirumab, respectively, have been found to improve survival, while directed therapies against a number of other pathways are under clinical evaluation. These include the hepatocyte growth factor and its receptor c-MET, the insulin-like growth factor 1, the fibroblast growth factor, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), the epidermal growth factor receptor, and other pathways, as well as relevant immunotherapeutic strategies. This article reviews recent advances and future trends of these concepts for gastric cancer and adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction.
authors.affiliation: Krankenhaus Nordwest, UCT-University Cancer Center Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Salah-Eddin
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Al-Batran
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Werner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D015195:Drug Design; D006801:Humans; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000639:trends*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000556:secondary; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
keywords: biological; esophageal; esophagogastric; gastric; gastroesophageal; molecular; oesophageal; personalized; targeted; treatment