title: Food emulsifier polysorbate 80 increases intestinal absorption of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in rats.
abstract: The aim of the present research was to explore whether food emulsifier polysorbate 80 can enhance the absorption of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and its possible mechanism. We established the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for detecting DEHP and its major metabolite, mono-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) in rat plasma, and then examined the toxicokinetic and bioavailability of DEHP with or without polysorbate 80 in rats. The study of its mechanism to increase the absorption of phthalates demonstrated that polysorbate 80 can induce mitochondrial dysfunction in time- and concentration-dependence manners in Caco-2 cells by reducing mitochondrial membrane potential, diminishing the production of the adenosine triphosphate, and decreasing the activity of electron transport chain. Our results indicated that food emulsifier applied in relatively high concentrations in even the most frequently consumed foods can increase the absorption of DEHP, and its role may be related to the structure and function damages of mitochondria in enterocytes.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Supramolecular Medicinal Materials and Applications, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, The People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Ying-Ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Feng-Yi
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hai-Tao
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Wen-Ting
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Rong
authors.forename: Shu-Qin
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004051:Diethylhexyl Phthalate / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity; D045703:Emulsifying Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D005503:Food Additives / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000187:drug effects*; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011136:Polysorbates / Q000633:toxicity*; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D066007:Toxicokinetics
chemical_list: D045703:Emulsifying Agents; D005503:Food Additives; D011136:Polysorbates; D004051:Diethylhexyl Phthalate
keywords: DEHP; P-glycoprotein; absorption; food emulsifier; mitochondria; polysorbate 80; toxicokinetic