title: Metal toxicity assessment of mobile phone parts using Milli Q water.
abstract: Environmentally safe disposal of end-of-life (EoL) or discarded mobile phone is a serious problem on account of their ever increasing number and toxic metals contents. In the present work, metal toxicity of mobile phone plastics, printed wire boards (PWBs) and batteries were assessed through dynamic batch leaching using Milli Q (MQ) water. Phone plastics failed Toxicity Characterization Leaching Procedure (TCLP) and Waste Extraction Test (WET) for Pb as the cumulative amount of Pb leached from plastics (5.33 mg/l) exceeded the regulatory limits (5.0mg/l) used in characterizing a waste as hazardous. Similarly, the average cumulative amount (21.83 mg/l) of Ni leached from PWBs exceeded the regulatory limit of 20mg/l and thus PWBs failed WET. Metals leached from batteries in small amounts (Cr: 0.40 mg/l and Ni: 0.15 mg/l). The presence of Fe in the batteries and its precipitation as oxides/hydroxides in the leaching solution hindered the leaching of other metals in MQ water. Both plastics and PWBs should be treated as hazardous waste and should not be disposed in open landfills. Further, MQ water leaching could provide good simulation of metals leaching from the mobile phones disposed at landfill sites.
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India. Electronic address: sudesh27@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Sudesh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yadav
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
authors.forename: Satyamanyu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yadav
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
authors.forename: Pawan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D040421:Cell Phone; D059029:Electronic Waste / Q000032:analysis; D007194:India; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000032:analysis*; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D064091:Waste Disposal Facilities; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D007220:Industrial Waste; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014867:Water
keywords: E-waste; Leaching; Metals; Mobile phones