title: Dried blood spots: concepts, present status, and future perspectives in bioanalysis.
abstract: Over the past several years, dried blood spot (DBS) sampling technique has emerged as a pertinent method in both qualitative and quantitative bioanalysis context. In the DBS method, the blood sample is directly soaked on to a paper (with or without treatment). After drying it can be analyzed by modern analytical, immunological, or genomic detection systems. Several advantages of the DBS technique such as low blood volume requirement, transportation and storage without special treatment, better analytes stability, enhanced clinical cooperation in clinical trials, and reduced unforeseeable exposure of analysts to biohazards, make it the most appropriate blood sampling technique. This review illustrates the information available on the DBS method which may serve as a single window for investigators in the field of bioanalysis. Also, it explores the proficiency and appliance of the DBS method in pharmacokinetic (PK), therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), toxicokinetic (TK), metabolomic, and disease diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacokinetics & Metabolism Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Abhisheak
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Swati
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jaiswal
authors.forename: Mahendra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shukla
authors.forename: Jawahar
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lal
mesh_terms: D059788:Dried Blood Spot Testing / Q000379:methods*; D016903:Drug Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000032:analysis*; D010599:Pharmacokinetics; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations
keywords: bioanalysis; biomarker; dried blood spot (DBS); pharmacokinetic (PK); therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM)