title: Efficient magnetic recycling of covalently attached enzymes on carbon-coated metallic nanomagnets.
abstract: In the pursuit of robust and reusable biocatalysts for industrial synthetic chemistry, nanobiotechnology is currently taking a significant part. Recently, enzymes have been immobilized on different nanoscaffold supports. Carbon coated metallic nanoparticles were found to be a practically useful support for enzyme immobilization due to their large surface area, high magnetic saturation, and manipulatable surface chemistry. In this study carbon coated cobalt nanoparticles were chemically functionalized (diazonium chemistry), activated for bioconjugation (N,N-disuccinimidyl carbonate), and subsequently used in enzyme immobilization. Three enzymes, β-glucosidase, α-chymotrypsin, and lipase B were successfully covalently immobilized on the magnetic nonsupport. The enzyme-particle conjugates formed retained their activity and stability after immobilization and were efficiently recycled from milliliter to liter scales in short recycle times.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich , 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zlateski
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fuhrer
authors.forename: Fabian M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Koehler
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wharry
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zeltner
authors.forename: Wendelin J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Stark
authors.forename: Thomas S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Moody
authors.forename: Robert N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Grass
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D002417:Cattle; D002918:Chymotrypsin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D003035:Cobalt / Q000737:chemistry*; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008049:Lipase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D060328:Magnetic Phenomena; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010179:Pancreas / Q000201:enzymology; D027861:Prunus / Q000201:enzymology; D001617:beta-Glucosidase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D003035:Cobalt; D002244:Carbon; D008049:Lipase; C431349:lipase B, Candida antarctica; D001617:beta-Glucosidase; D002918:Chymotrypsin; C117608:alpha-chymotrypsin