title: Normative data and the influence of age and gender on power, balance, flexibility, and functional movement in healthy service members.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Determine the influence of age and sex and describe normative data on field expedient tests associated with power, balance, trunk stability, mobility, and functional movement in a military population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants (n = 247) completed a series of clinical and functional tests, including closed-chain ankle dorsiflexion (DF), Functional Movement Screen (FMS), Y-Balance Test Lower Quarter (YBT-LQ), Y-Balance Test Upper Quarter (YBT-UQ), single leg vertical jump (SLVJ), 6-m timed hop (6-m timed), and triple hop. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Analysis of variance tests were performed to compare the results based on sex and age (<30 years, >30 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Service members demonstrated DF of 34.2 ± 6.1°, FMS composite score of 16.2 ± 2.2, YBT-LQ normalized composite score of 96.9 ± 8.6%, YBT-UQ normalized composite score of 87.6 ± 9.6%, SLVJ of 26.9 ± 8.6 cm, 6-m hop of 2.4 ± 0.5 seconds, and a triple hop of 390.9 ± 110.8 cm. Men performed greater than women (p < 0.05) on the YBT-LQ, YBT-UQ, SLVJ, 6-m timed, and triple hop. Those <30 years of age performed better than older participants (p < 0.05) on the DF, FMS, YBT-LQ, SLVJ, 6-m hop, and triple hop.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings provide normative data on military members. Men performed better on power, balance, and trunk stability tests, whereas younger individuals performed better on power, balance, mobility, and functional movement.
authors.affiliation: Doctoral Program in Physical Therapy, US Army-Baylor University, ATTN: MCCS-HMT, 3151 Scott Road, Suite 1301, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234.
authors.forename: Deydre S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Teyhen
authors.affiliation: Doctoral Program in Physical Therapy, US Army-Baylor University, ATTN: MCCS-HMT, 3151 Scott Road, Suite 1301, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234.
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Riebel
authors.affiliation: Doctoral Program in Physical Therapy, US Army-Baylor University, ATTN: MCCS-HMT, 3151 Scott Road, Suite 1301, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234.
authors.forename: Derrick R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: McArthur
authors.affiliation: Doctoral Program in Physical Therapy, US Army-Baylor University, ATTN: MCCS-HMT, 3151 Scott Road, Suite 1301, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Savini
authors.affiliation: Doctoral Program in Physical Therapy, US Army-Baylor University, ATTN: MCCS-HMT, 3151 Scott Road, Suite 1301, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234.
authors.forename: Mackenzie J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Doctoral Program in Physical Therapy, US Army-Baylor University, ATTN: MCCS-HMT, 3151 Scott Road, Suite 1301, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234.
authors.forename: Stephen L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Goffar
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, University of Evansville, 1800 Lincoln Avenue, Evansville, IN 47722.
authors.forename: Kyle B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Kiesel
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, University of Evansville, 1800 Lincoln Avenue, Evansville, IN 47722.
authors.forename: Phillip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Plisky
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008889:Military Personnel; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D012737:Sex Factors; D055815:Young Adult