title: Vocabulary gain among children with language disorders: contributions of children's behavior regulation and emotionally supportive environments.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Behavior regulation is a positive predictor of language outcomes for children with typically developing language skills, and children with language disorders are at greater risk for difficulties with behavior regulation. This study investigated the unique role of behavior regulation on vocabulary gain for children receiving language therapy in the public schools as well as the unique and moderating influence of emotional support within therapy sessions on outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 121 kindergarten and 1st-grade students with language disorders, nested within 42 speech-language pathologists (SLPs), participated in the study. Direct child measures, indirect child measures, and therapy session videotapes were used for all analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hierarchical linear modeling indicated a positive association between children's behavior regulation and vocabulary gain. The emotional support of therapy sessions was not a significant predictor of vocabulary gain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results from this study suggest that children's behavior regulation is a significant predictor of vocabulary gain for children with language disorders; children with higher behavior regulation gain more over the academic year than do peers with lower behavior regulation. Findings highlight the importance of SLPs considering children's behavior regulation when planning and implementing therapy.
authors.forename: Mary Beth
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Schmitt
authors.forename: Laura M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Justice
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: O'Connell
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007805:Language Development Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D012931:Social Environment; D012944:Social Support; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014743:Videotape Recording; D014825:Vocabulary