International migration from non-endemic settings as a protective factor for HIV/STI risk among female sex workers in Vancouver, Canada.
Given heterogeneous evidence regarding the impacts of migration on HIV/sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among female sex workers (FSWs), we explored factors associated with international migration among FSWs in Vancouver, Canada. We draw on baseline questionnaire and HIV/STI testing data from a community-based cohort, AESHA, from 2010-2012. Logistic regression identified correlates of international migration. Of 650 FSWs, 163 (25.1%) were international migrants, who primarily worked in formal indoor establishments. HIV/STI prevalence was lower among migrants than Canadian-born women (5.5 vs. 25.9%). In multivariate analysis, international migration was positively associated with completing high school, supporting dependents, and paying a third party, and negatively associated with HIV, injecting drugs and inconsistent condom use with clients. Although migrants experience lower workplace harms and HIV risk than Canadian-born women, they face concerning levels of violence, police harassment, and HIV/STIs. Research exploring structural and socio-cultural factors shaping risk mitigation and migrants' access to support remains needed.
Gender and Sexual Health Initiative, St. Paul's Hospital, British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, 608-1081 Burrard St., Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada.
Shira M
SM
Goldenberg
Vivian
V
Liu
Paul
P
Nguyen
Jill
J
Chettiar
Kate
K
Shannon
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001955:British Columbia / Q000453:epidemiology; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D015995:Prevalence; D065840:Protective Factors; D012307:Risk Factors; D060386:Sex Workers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014171:Transients and Migrants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*