Tumor-associated macrophages induce lymphangiogenesis in cervical cancer via interaction with tumor cells.
Our studies were conducted to investigate the clinical and functional significance of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in cervical tumor lymphatic metastasis. We found that the increase in macrophages in tumor stroma is significantly associated with lymphatic metastasis (p = 0.017), through performing immunohistochemical staining in 111 cervical samples (55 invasive squamous carcinomas of uterine cervix, 27 cervical intraepithelial neoplasms III, and 29 normal cervix). The human lymphatic endothelial cells (HLEC), which were cultured in conditioned medium of cervical cancer cell-macrophage coculture, formed more tube-like structures in vitro, when compared with those in conditioned mediums of LEC, normal cervical epithelium, single macrophage, and single cervical cancer cell (all p < 0.001). The mRNA expressions of IL-1β and IL-8 in cervical cancer cells cocultured with macrophages were increased, compared with those in cervical cancer cell cultured alone (pIL-1β  < 0.05 and pIL-8  < 0.01). Meanwhile, the mRNA expression of VEGF-C and VEGF-A was increased in macrophages cocultured with cervical cancer cells, compared with the expression in those macrophages cultured alone (both p < 0.05). Taken together, the results suggest that TAMs promote lymphangiogenesis mainly through interaction with surrounding cervical cancer cells.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Hui
H
Ding
Jing
J
Cai
Min
M
Mao
Yan
Y
Fang
Zaiju
Z
Huang
Jinghui
J
Jia
Tao
T
Li
Linjuan
L
Xu
Junjie
J
Wang
Jun
J
Zhou
Qiang
Q
Yang
Zehua
Z
Wang
D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics; D042583:Lymphangiogenesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics; D042582:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C / Q000235:genetics
D016209:Interleukin-8; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042582:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C
Cervical cancer; lymphangiogenesis; lymphatic metastasis; macrophage