Consensus recommendations on the use of injectable poly-L-lactic acid for facial and nonfacial volumization.
Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) was approved for use in Europe in 1999. In the United States, it was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2004 for the treatment of facial lipoatrophy associated with human immunodeficiency virus, and in 2009 for cosmetic indications in immune-competent patients. The need for consistent, effective PLLA usage recommendations is heightened by an increased consumer demand for soft tissue augmentation and a shift toward a younger demographic. Over the past 14 years, considerable experience has been gained with this agent, and we have come to better understand the clinical, technical, and mechanistic aspects of PLLA use that need to be considered to optimize patient outcomes. These consensus recommendations regarding patient selection, proper preparation and storage, optimal injection techniques, and other practical considerations reflect the body of evidence in the medical literature, as well as the collective experience of this author group.
Danny
D
Vleggaar
Rebecca
R
Fitzgerald
Z Paul
ZP
Lorenc
J Todd
JT
Andrews
Kimberly
K
Butterwick
Jody
J
Comstock
C William
CW
Hanke
T Gerald
TG
O'Daniel
Melanie D
MD
Palm
Wendy E
WE
Roberts
Neil
N
Sadick
Craig F
CF
Teller
D000328:Adult; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques; D005145:Face; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018579:Patient Selection; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000187:drug effects*
D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; D019344:Lactic Acid; C033616:poly(lactide)