Defining the role of CD2 in disease progression and overall survival among patients with completely resected stage-II to -III cutaneous melanoma.
BACKGROUND
Accurate assessment of prognosis remains clinically challenging in stage II to III cutaneous melanoma. Studies have implicated CD2 in immune surveillance, T-cell activation, and antitumor immunity, but its role in melanoma progression warrants further investigation.


OBJECTIVE
We sought to investigate the prognostic role of CD2 in primary cutaneous melanoma.


METHODS
Patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer stage II and III cutaneous melanoma were identified by retrospective review of dermatopathology databases from 2001 to 2010 at Mount Sinai Medical Center and Geisinger Medical Center. Additional patients were provided by New York University Medical Center based on retrospective review and tissue availability. Immunohistochemistry was performed on tumors from 90 patients with known recurrence status and documented follow-up.


RESULTS
Primary tumors from patients who developed recurrent disease had fewer CD2(+) cells (P = .0003). In multivariable analyses including standard clinicopathologic predictors, CD2 was an independent predictor of disease recurrence (P = .008) and overall survival (P = .007). CD2 count correlated with characterization of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (P = .0004). Among the intermediate prognosis group of patients with nonbrisk tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, CD2 count was predictive of disease recurrence (P = .0006) and overall survival (P = .0318).


CONCLUSIONS
Our retrospective design may have resulted in incomplete representation of patients lacking documented follow-up.


CONCLUSIONS
CD2 may be an independent predictor of disease recurrence and overall survival among patients with primary cutaneous melanoma.
Department of Dermatology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York.
Sara
S
Harcharik
Department of Dermatology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York.
Sebastian
S
Bernardo
Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York.
Marina
M
Moskalenko
Department of Dermatology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York.
Michael
M
Pan
Department of Dermatology, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania.
Meera
M
Sivendran
Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York.
Heather
H
Bell
Department of Dermatology, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania.
Lawrence D
LD
Hall
Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York.
Mireia
M
Castillo-Martín
Department of Dermatology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York.
Kelly
K
Fox
Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York.
Carlos
C
Cordon-Cardo
Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York.
Rui
R
Chang
Hematology/Oncology Medical Specialists, Lancaster General Health, Lancaster, Pennsylvania.
Shanthi
S
Sivendran
Department of Dermatology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York.
Robert G
RG
Phelps
Department of Dermatology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York. Electronic address: yvonne.saenger@mssm.edu.
Yvonne
Y
Saenger
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D018801:CD2 Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016208:Databases, Factual; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D016246:Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating / Q000276:immunology; D008545:Melanoma / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012737:Sex Factors; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000096142:Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma
D015415:Biomarkers; D018801:CD2 Antigens
biomarker; melanoma; primary melanoma; prognosis; recurrence; survival; tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes