Gestational weight gain and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus among Chinese women.
BACKGROUND
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication during pregnancy, and gestational weight gain is one of the major and modifiable risk factors. This study aims to estimate the relationship between the rate of gestational weight gain before diagnosis of GDM and the subsequent risk of GDM.


METHODS
A case-control study was conducted with 90 GDM cases and 165 women in the control group from May 2012 to August 2012 at Peking University First Affiliated Hospital. GDM was diagnosed according to the standards issued by the Ministry of Health of China in 2011. The plasma glucose levels, weights, and covariate data of the women were obtained based on medical records. Univariate analysis and unconditional Logistic regression model were used to estimate the associations.


RESULTS
After adjusting for age at delivery, parity, and pre-pregnancy body mass index, the risk of GDM increased with increasing rates of gestational weight gain. Compared with the lower rate of gestational weight gain (less than 0.28 kg per week), a rate of weight gain of 0.28 kg per week or more was associated with increased risk of GDM (odds ratio: 2.03; 95% confidence interval: 1.15 to 3.59). The association between the rate of gestational weight gain and GDM was primarily attributed to the increased weight gain in the first trimester.


CONCLUSIONS
High rates of gestational weight gain, particular during early pregnancy, may increase a woman's risk of GDM.
Department of Child, Adolescent and Women's Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
Zheng
Z
Liu
Department of Child, Adolescent and Women's Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
Deng
D
Ao
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China. Email: yanghuixia688@sina.com.
Huixia
H
Yang
Department of Child, Adolescent and Women's Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. Email: wangyan@bjmu.edu.cn.
Yan
Y
Wang
D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology*