Silver percutaneous absorption after exposure to silver nanoparticles: a comparison study of three human skin graft samples used for clinical applications.
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are increasingly applied to a wide range of materials for biomedical use. These enable a close contact with human skin, thanks to the large release of silver ions that is responsible for a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. Silver can permeate the skin; however, there are no data available on silver permeation through skin grafts commonly used in burns recovery. The aim of our study was to evaluate silver penetration using fresh, cryopreserved, and glycerolized human skin grafts after exposure to a suspension of AgNPs in synthetic sweat using a Franz diffusion cell apparatus for 24 h. Silver permeation profiles revealed a significantly higher permeation through glycerolized skin compared with both fresh and cryopreserved skin: 24-h silver flux penetration was 0.2 ng cm(-2) h(-1) (lag time: 8.2 h) for fresh skin, 0.3 ng cm(-2) h(-1) (lag time: 10.9 h) for cryopreserved skin, and 3.8 ng cm(-2) h(-1) (lag time: 6.3 h) for glycerolized skin. Permeation through glycerolized skin is significantly higher compared to both fresh and cryopreserved skin. This result can generate relevant clinical implications for burns treatment with products containing AgNPs.
Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy. Electronic address: carlotta.bianco@unito.it.
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Bianco
Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
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Adami
Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
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Crosera
Institute of Occupational Medicine, University of Trieste, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via della Pietà 19, 34129 Trieste, Italy.
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Larese
Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Unit "Skin Bank," CTO Hospital, Via Zuretti 29, 10126 Turin, Italy.
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Casarin
Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Unit "Skin Bank," CTO Hospital, Via Zuretti 29, 10126 Turin, Italy.
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Castagnoli
Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Unit "Skin Bank," CTO Hospital, Via Zuretti 29, 10126 Turin, Italy.
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Stella
Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy.
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Maina
D015925:Cryopreservation; D005990:Glycerol; D006801:Humans; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles; D010592:Pharmaceutic Aids; D011205:Povidone; D012834:Silver / Q000378:metabolism*; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism*; D012869:Skin Absorption; D013048:Specimen Handling
D010592:Pharmaceutic Aids; D012834:Silver; D011205:Povidone; D005990:Glycerol
Percutaneous absorption; Silver nanoparticles; Skin; Wound healing