[Burden of disease, injuries, risk factors and challenges for the health system in Mexico].
OBJECTIVE
To present the results of the burden of disease, injuries and risk factors in Mexico from 1990 to 2010 for the principal illnesses, injuries and risk factors by sex.


METHODS
A secondary analysis of the study results published by the Global Burden of Disease 2010 for Mexico performed by IHME.


RESULTS
In 2010, Mexico lost 26.2 million of Disability adjusted live years (DALYs), 56 % were in male and 44 % in women. The main causes of DALYs in men are violence, ischemic heart disease and road traffic injuries. In the case of women the leading causes are diabetes, chronic kidney disease and ischemic heart diseases. The mental disorders and musculoskeletal conditions concentrate 18% of health lost. The risk factors that most affect men in Mexico are: alcohol consumption, overweight/obesity, high blood glucose levels and blood pressure and tobacco consumption (35.6 % of DALYs lost). In women, overweight and obesity, high blood sugar and blood pressure, lack of physical activity and consumption of alcohol are responsible for 40 % of DALYs lost. In both sexes the problems with diet contribute 12% of the burden.


CONCLUSIONS
The epidemiological situation in Mexico, demands an urgent adaptation and modernization of the health system.
Centro de Investigación en Sistemas de Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México, 62100, rafael.lozano@insp.mx.
Rafael
R
Lozano
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
Héctor
H
Gómez-Dantés
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
Francisco
F
Garrido-Latorre
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
Aída
A
Jiménez-Corona
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
Julio César
JC
Campuzano-Rincón
Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, México, DF.
Francisco
F
Franco-Marina
Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, México, DF.
María Elena
ME
Medina-Mora
Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, México, DF.
Guilherme
G
Borges
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Washington, DC, EUA.
Mohsen
M
Naghavi
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Washington, DC, EUA.
Haidong
H
Wang
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Washington, DC, EUA.
Theo
T
Vos
University of Melbourne, Australia.
Alan D
AD
Lopez
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Washington, DC, EUA.
Christopher J L
CJ
Murray
D002423:Cause of Death; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003695:Delivery of Health Care; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008017:Life Expectancy; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology*