Shallow encoding and forgetting are associated with dependence in instrumental activities of daily living among older adults living with HIV infection.
Aging and HIV are both risk factors for memory deficits and declines in real-world functioning. However, we know little about the profile of memory deficits driving instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) declines across the lifespan in HIV. This study examined 145 younger (<50 years) and 119 older (≥50 years) adults with HIV who completed the California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition (CVLT-II), the Wechsler Memory Scale-Third Edition Logical Memory subtest (WMS-III LM), and a modified Lawton and Brody ADL questionnaire. No memory predictors of IADL dependence emerged in the younger cohort. In the older group, IADL dependence was uniquely associated with worse performance on all primary CVLT-II variables, as well as elevated recency effects. Poorer immediate and delayed recall of the WMS-III LM was also associated with IADL dependence, although recognition was intact. Findings suggest older HIV-infected adults with shallow encoding and forgetting are at risk for IADL dependence.
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
Pariya L
PL
Fazeli
Katie L
KL
Doyle
J Cobb
JC
Scott
Jennifer E
JE
Iudicello
Kaitlin B
KB
Casaletto
Erica
E
Weber
David J
DJ
Moore
Erin E
EE
Morgan
Igor
I
Grant
Steven Paul
SP
Woods
D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging; D015331:Cohort Studies; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014706:Verbal Learning
Aging; Disability; Everyday functioning; Learning and memory