Empagliflozin for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes.
Diabetes and its complications account for a significant healthcare burden. There is increasing prevalence of diabetes and newer drugs are being investigated to improve outcomes. Sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors (SGLT2 inhibitors) are a newer class of medications, which prevent renal reabsorption of glucose and hence help in glycaemic control without significant risk of hypoglycaemia. Two drugs, namely dapagliflozin and canagliflozin have gained approval and empagliflozin is one of the advanced agents of this class. Early trials with empagliflozin have shown a stable pharmacokinetic profile and pharmacodynamic effects with significant SGLT2 selectivity. Clinical trials have shown improvement in glycaemic control and other benefits including weight loss and lowering of blood pressure. Ongoing trials and surveillance will provide answers about cardiovascular benefits, risk of osteoporosis and cancer.
Renal Research Lab, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney University, Royal North Shore Hospital, Reserve Road, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia.
Muralikrishna
M
Gangadharan Komala
Amanda
A
Mather
D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology; D005960:Glucosides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051297:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2; D000077203:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D001786:Blood Glucose; D005960:Glucosides; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; C089180:SLC5A2 protein, human; D051297:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2; D000077203:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors; C570240:empagliflozin