Synthesis and Characterization of Two Cyanoxime Ligands, Their Precursors, and Light Insensitive Antimicrobial Silver(I) Cyanoximates.
High-yield syntheses of N-piperidine-cyanacetamide (1), N-morpholyl-cyanacetamide (4) and their oxime derivatives N-piperidine-2-cyano-2-oximino-acetamide (HPiPCO,2) and N-morpholyc-2-cyano-2-oximino-acetamide (HMCO,5) were developed using two-step preparations. At first, the reactions of neat cyanoacetic acid esters and the respective cyclic secondary amines such as piperideine and morpholine afforded pure cyanacetamides, which were converted into cyanoximes at room temperature using the nitrosation reaction with gaseous CH3ONO. The synthesized compounds were investigated by means of IR,1H,13C and UV-visible spectroscopy. Crystal structures of two starting substituted cyan-acetamides and two target cyanoximes were determined. Silver(I) complexes of AgL composition (L = PipCO,3; MCO,6) were prepared in high yield. Both metal complexes are thermally stable above 100oC, and remarkably stable to high intensity visible light. The stability of dried AgL compounds towards short wavelength UV-radiation (a frequently used germicidal light) was examined using diffusion reflectance spectroscopy. Both complexes demonstrate slow photoreduction within ~3 hrs, observable as a gradual color change and darkening due to the formation of fine (nano-scale) particles of metallic silver. The complex Ag(MCO),6, is about 2.6 times less stable towards UV-radiation than its more lypophyllic analog Ag(PipCO),3. Antimicrobial and biofilm growth inhibition properties of the prepared solid acrylate-based polymeric composites containing embedded silver(I) cyanoximates were investigated using three human pathogens:P. aeruginosaPAO1 (wound isolate),S. aureusNRS70 (methicillin resistant respiratory isolate), andS. mutansUA159 (cariogenic dental isolate). Studies showed that both3and6compounds completely abolished the growth of PAO1 at 0.5 weight % concentration, and the growth of UA159 and NRS70 at 1% concentration. Moreover, data demonstrates that complexes3and6also inhibit both planktonic and biofilm growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. The demonstrated thermal stability and pronounced antimicrobial activity of both silver(I) cyanoximates indicates the strong potential for the studied complexes to be used as light insensitive antimicrobial additives to light-curable adhesives that set indwelling devices in place.
Department of Chemistry, Temple Hall 456, Missouri State University, Springfield, MO 65897.
Courtney N
CN
Riddles
Department of Chemistry, Temple Hall 456, Missouri State University, Springfield, MO 65897.
Mark
M
Whited
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, 307 Life Sciences East, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078.
Shalaka R
SR
Lotlikar
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, 307 Life Sciences East, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078.
Korey
K
Still
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, 307 Life Sciences East, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078.
Marianna
M
Patrauchan
Absorbtion Systems, Inc. 440 Creamy Way, S.300, Exton, PA 19341.
Svitlana
S
Silchenko
Department of Chemistry, Temple Hall 456, Missouri State University, Springfield, MO 65897.
Nikolay
N
Gerasimchuk
UV-visible spectra; X-ray analysis; antimicrobial activity; biofilm inhibition; cyanoximes; silver(I) complexes