Neurofibromatosis type 1 alternative splicing is a key regulator of Ras signaling in neurons.
Neurofibromatosis type I (Nf1) is a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) that inactivates the oncoprotein Ras and plays important roles in nervous system development and learning. Alternative exon 23a falls within the Nf1 GAP domain coding sequence and is tightly regulated in favor of skipping in neurons; however, its biological function is not fully understood. Here we generated mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells with a constitutive endogenous Nf1 exon 23a inclusion, termed Nf1 23aIN/23aIN cells, by mutating the splicing signals surrounding the exon to better match consensus sequences. We also made Nf1 23aΔ/23aΔ cells lacking the exon. Active Ras levels are high in wild-type (WT) and Nf1 23aIN/23aIN ES cells, where the Nf1 exon 23a inclusion level is high, and low in Nf1 23aΔ/23aΔ cells. Upon neuronal differentiation, active Ras levels are high in Nf1 23aIN/23aIN cells, where the exon inclusion level remains high, but Ras activation is low in the other two genotypes, where the exon is skipped. Signaling downstream of Ras is significantly elevated in Nf1 23aIN/23aIN neurons. These results suggest that exon 23a suppresses the Ras-GAP activity of Nf1. Therefore, regulation of Nf1 exon 23a inclusion serves as a mechanism for providing appropriate levels of Ras signaling and may be important in modulating Ras-related neuronal functions.
Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Melissa N
MN
Hinman
Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Alok
A
Sharma
Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Guangbin
G
Luo
Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA Center for RNA Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA gxl35@case.edu
Hua
H
Lou
D017398:Alternative Splicing / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D002460:Cell Line; D016384:Consensus Sequence; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D018390:Gene Targeting; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D016501:Neurites / Q000378:metabolism; D025542:Neurofibromin 1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics*; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
D025542:Neurofibromin 1; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D018631:ras Proteins