H3.3 turnover: a mechanism to poise chromatin for transcription, or a response to open chromatin?
Histone H3.3 turnover displays distinct dynamics at various genomic elements such as promoters, enhancers, gene bodies, and heterochromatic regions, suggesting that it is differentially regulated according to chromatin context. Incorporation of variant histones into chromatin provides a mechanism to modulate chromatin states in addition to histone modifications. The replication-independent deposition and replacement of histone variant H3.3, i.e. H3.3 turnover, is mainly associated with transcriptional activity. H3.3 or H3.3-like histone turnover has been studied in various organisms from yeast to mammals. Here, we review the recent progress on this topic. The diversified turnover profiles of H3.3, and their corresponding underlying mechanisms, may reflect distinct requirements for chromatin accessibility in different biological events.
National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China.
Chang
C
Huang
Bing
B
Zhu
D000818:Animals; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism*; D004261:DNA Replication; D016678:Genome / Q000235:genetics; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid / Q000235:genetics; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D002843:Chromatin; D006657:Histones
H3.3; histone variant; turnover