Association of C(-106)T polymorphism in aldose reductase gene with diabetic retinopathy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
OBJECTIVE
To identify the possible association between C(-106)T polymorphism of the aldose reductase (ALR) gene and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in a cohort of Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).


METHODS
From November 2009 to September 2010, patients with T2DM were recruited and assigned to DR group or diabetic without retinopathy (DWR) group according to the duration of diabetes and the grading of 7-field fundus color photographs of both eyes. Genotypes of the C(-106)T polymorphism (rs759853) in ALR gene were analyzed using the MassARRAY genotyping system and an association study was performed.


RESULTS
A total of 268 T2DM patients (129 in the DR group and 139 in the DWR group) were included in this study. No statistically significant differences were observed between the 2 groups in the age of diabetes onset (P=0.10) and gender (P=0.78). The success rate of genotyping for the study subjects was 99.6% (267/268), with one case of failure in the DR group. The frequencies of the T allele in the C(-106)T polymorphism were 16.0% (41/256) in the DR group and 19.4% (54/278) in the DWR group (P=0.36). There was no significant difference in the C(-106)T genotypes between the 2 groups (P=0.40). Compared with the wild-type genotype, odds ratio (OR) for the risk of DR was 0.7 (95% CI, 0.38-1.3) for the heterozygous CT genotype and 0.76 (95% CI, 0.18-3.25) for the homozygous TT genotype. The risk of DR was positively associated with microalbuminuria (OR=4.61; 95% CI, 2.34-9.05) and insulin therapy (OR=3.43; 95% CI, 1.94-6.09).


CONCLUSIONS
Microalbuminuria and insulin therapy are associated with the risk of DR in Chinese patients with T2DM. C(-106)T polymorphism of the ALR gene may not be significantly associated with DR in Chinese patients with T2DM.
Department of Ophthalmology, Fu Xing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China; 2. Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing 100730, China.
Yu
Y
Deng
Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing 100730, China.
Xiu-fen
XF
Yang
Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing 100730, China.
Hong
H
Gu
Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus, Pattani 94000, Thailand.
Apiradee
A
Lim
Sekwa Eye Hospital, Beijing 100088, China.
Munkhtulga
M
Ulziibat
Sekwa Eye Hospital, Beijing 100088, China.
Torkel
T
Snellingen
Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing 100730, China.
Jun
J
Xu
Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing 100730, China.
Kai
K
Ma
Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing 100730, China;
Ning-pu
NP
Liu
D000419:Albuminuria / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000652:urine; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase / Q000235:genetics*; D044466:Asian People; D002681:China; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012306:Risk
D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase