Percentile-based assessment of craniosynostosis.
Perioperative assessment of craniosynostosis is based mostly on subjective scores. In this study, we sought to find an objective method to assess cranial deformation based on normative craniofacial percentiles. Anthropometric datasets from 104 (79 males, 25 females) patients with craniosynostoses were included. Anthropometric data were compared with normative age-dependent percentiles. Deviations above the 90th or below the 10th percentile were defined as significant cranial deformation. The cohort comprised 69 children with sagittal, 22 metopic, nine coronal, two bicoronal, one lambdoid, and one with coronal + lambdoid craniosynostosis. Most children with sagittal synostosis were above the 90th percentile for cranial circumference and length, whereas only 27.9% were below the 10th percentile for cranial width. Most (83%) children with scaphocephaly had cranial indices below the 10th percentile. For trigonocephaly, we found normal cranial circumference values in most patients (10th-90th percentile), 40.9% were above the 90th percentile for cranial length, and 63.1% and 57.9% were above the 90th percentiles for sagittal and transverse circumferences. For unicoronal synostosis transverse circumference was above the 90th percentile in 83.3% of children. Matching of anthropometric data of craniosynostosis patients with craniofacial norms could be useful in grading the clinical picture and potentially adapting the operative procedure.
University Hospital Giessen, Dept. for Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery, Klinikstr. 33, 35385 Giessen, Germany. Electronic address: jan-falco.wilbrand@uniklinikum-giessen.de.
Jan-Falco
JF
Wilbrand
University Hospital Giessen, Dept. for Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery, Klinikstr. 33, 35385 Giessen, Germany.
Uta
U
Bierther
University Hospital Giessen, Dept. for Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery, Klinikstr. 33, 35385 Giessen, Germany.
Thomas
T
Nord
University Hospital Giessen, Dept. for Neurosurgery, Klinikstr. 33, 35385 Giessen, Germany.
Marcus
M
Reinges
University Hospital Giessen, Dept. for Neuropediatrics, Feulgenstr. 12, 35385 Giessen, Germany.
Andreas
A
Hahn
University Hospital Giessen, Dept. for Neurosurgery, Klinikstr. 33, 35385 Giessen, Germany.
Petros
P
Christophis
University Hospital Giessen, Dept. for Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery, Klinikstr. 33, 35385 Giessen, Germany.
Philipp
P
Streckbein
University Hospital Giessen, Dept. for Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery, Klinikstr. 33, 35385 Giessen, Germany.
Christopher
C
Kähling
University Hospital Giessen, Dept. for Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery, Klinikstr. 33, 35385 Giessen, Germany.
Hans-Peter
HP
Howaldt
D000367:Age Factors; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003398:Craniosynostoses / Q000145:classification*; D005260:Female; D005624:Frontal Bone / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009777:Occipital Bone / Q000473:pathology; D010294:Parietal Bone / Q000473:pathology; D010347:Patient Care Planning
Anthropometry; Craniosynostosis; Plagiocephaly; Scaphocephaly; Trigonocephaly