Condylar hyperplasia: correlation between clinical, radiological, scintigraphic, and histologic features.
OBJECTIVE
The objectives of this study were to compare demographic, clinical, radiographic, scintigraphic, and histologic differences between the 2 main types of condylar hyperplasia (CH) and to suggest a new therapeutic management based on such findings.


METHODS
This was a retrospective study based on 28 patients who presented either vertical (group 1) or horizontal (group 2) forms of CH and underwent surgical treatment. Every patient had a complete preoperative clinical and radiological examination as well as a single-photon emission computed tomography scan. A histologic analysis of each resected condyle was performed. These various parameters were then compared in the 2 patient groups.


RESULTS
The mean age at time of the diagnosis was 25.8 years (range, 12-50 years), and there were 22 females and 6 males. Nineteen patients had the vertical form of CH, and 9 had the horizontal form. Scintigraphic analysis showed moderate to extensive radionucleotide uptake in cases with rapid growth. Four cases had negative single-photon emission computed tomography scan uptake, and all were vertical forms, but there was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups. The histologic analysis showed both a global thickening of the cartilage cap and of the prechondroblastic cells layer with no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups.


CONCLUSIONS
Condylar hyperplasia is a pathologic condition affecting mainly young females and whose origin remains unknown. Single-photon emission computed tomography scans as an indicator of the rapidity of the disease progress are essential in assessing the condylar hyperplasia and to guide the therapeutic approach.
From the *Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Roger Salengro Hospital, †Department of Pathology, and ‡Department of Nuclear Medicine, Roger Salengro Hospital, University Medical Center, Lille, France.
Jonathan
J
Elbaz
Axel
A
Wiss
Gwenael
G
Raoul
Xavier
X
Leroy
Claude
C
Hossein-Foucher
Joel
J
Ferri
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D005146:Facial Asymmetry / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D055815:Young Adult