Synthesis of xanthone derivatives based on α-mangostin and their biological evaluation for anti-cancer agents.
A xanthone-derived natural product, α-mangostin is isolated from various parts of the mangosteen, Garcinia mangostana L. (Clusiaceae), a well-known tropical fruit. Novel xanthone derivatives based on α-mangostin were synthesized and evaluated as anti-cancer agents by cytotoxicity activity screening using 5 human cancer cell lines. Some of these analogs had potent to moderate inhibitory activities. The structure-activity relationship studies revealed that phenol groups on C3 and C6 are critical to anti-proliferative activity and C4 modification is capable to improve both anti-cancer activity and drug-like properties. Our findings provide new possibilities for further explorations to improve potency.
College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gachon University, Incheon 406-779, Republic of Korea.
Xiang
X
Fei
College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 339-700, Republic of Korea.
Minmi
M
Jo
College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gachon University, Incheon 406-779, Republic of Korea.
Bit
B
Lee
College of Pharmacy and Medicinal Research Center (MRC), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea.
Sang-Bae
SB
Han
College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 339-700, Republic of Korea.
Kiho
K
Lee
College of Pharmacy and Medicinal Research Center (MRC), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea.
Jae-Kyung
JK
Jung
College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gachon University, Incheon 406-779, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: syseo@gachon.ac.kr.
Seung-Yong
SY
Seo
College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 339-700, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: youngshin@korea.ac.kr.
Young-Shin
YS
Kwak
D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D029762:Garcinia mangostana / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D044004:Xanthones / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*
D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D044004:Xanthones; C021053:mangostin
Anti-cancer agent; Cytotoxicity; Kinetic solubility; Xanthone; α-Mangostin