Protein mislocalization: mechanisms, functions and clinical applications in cancer.
The changes from normal cells to cancer cells are primarily regulated by genome instability, which foster hallmark functions of cancer through multiple mechanisms including protein mislocalization. Mislocalization of these proteins, including oncoproteins, tumor suppressors, and other cancer-related proteins, can interfere with normal cellular function and cooperatively drive tumor development and metastasis. This review describes the cancer-related effects of protein subcellular mislocalization, the related mislocalization mechanisms, and the potential application of this knowledge to cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy.
Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Xiaohong
X
Wang
Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA. Electronic address: sli4@mdanderson.org.
Shulin
S
Li
D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D015513:Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011379:Prognosis; D021381:Protein Transport; D015398:Signal Transduction; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D015513:Oncogene Proteins; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins
Cancer; Oncogene; Subcellular localization; Tumor suppressor