Nested Multiplex (NMPCR) Detection of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and 18 in Pre-invasive Lesions and its Implication in Screening of Carcinoma Cervix (CaCx).
BACKGROUND
Carcinoma cervix (CaCx) is a preventable disease and is caused by certain high risk Papillomaviruses. In the present study, our aim was to investigate the utility of Nested Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (NMPCR) in detecting Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and 18 in cervical scrapes/biopsy samples and to correlate with cervical cytology/ histopathology findings.


METHODS
A total of 119 females were subjected for Papanicolaou smear examination of cervical scrapes and/or histopathological examination of cervical tissues. These samples were also subjected to nested multiplex PCR targeting HPV 16/ 18 specific E6/7 gene sequences.


RESULTS
HPV 16/18 were detected in 33.6% (40/119) cases included in the study. The overall HPV 16/ 18 positivity among cases with Negative for Intraepithelial Lesion or Malignancy, Low grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion, and High grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion was observed to be 20.8%, 44%, and 66.7% respectively. Positivity for HPV 16 in cases with Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) was found to be 80%. HPV positivity among subjects reported with reactive cellular changes, a sub category of Negative for Intraepithelial Lesion or Malignancy, was observed to be 26.6%.


CONCLUSIONS
HPV 16 and 18 positivity in cases reported with different stages of pre invasive lesions of CaCx, particularly in the subcategory reactive cellular changes of Negative for Intraepithelial Lesion or Malignancy, indicates that NMPCR detection of HPV 16/ 18 may be used as a screening tool for CaCx in conjunction with Papanicolaou smear examination.
Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi, UP, India .
Pradyot
P
Prakash
Junior Resident, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi, UP, India .
Shivesh
S
Singh
Junior Resident, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi, UP, India .
Charul
C
Dhakad
Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi, UP, India .
Sulekha
S
Pandey
Professor, Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi, UP, India .
Mohan
M
Kumar
Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi, UP, India .
Laxmi Kant
LK
Pandey
Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Sciences , Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, India .
Amrita Ghosh
AG
Kar
Professor, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi, UP, India .
Gopal
G
Nath
Professor, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi, UP, India .
Anil Kumar
AK
Gulati
CaCx; HPV; HSIL; LSIL; NILM