Photoluminescent carbon nanotags from harmful cyanobacteria for drug delivery and imaging in cancer cells.
Using a simple method of mass production of green carbon nanotags (G-tags) from harmful cyanobacteria, we developed an advanced and efficient imaging platform for the purpose of anticancer therapy. Approximately 100 grams of G-tags per 100 kilograms of harmful cyanobacteria were prepared using our eco-friendly approach. The G-tags possess high solubility, excellent photostability, and low cytotoxicity (<1.5 mg/mL for 24 h). Moreover, doxorubicin-conjugated G-tags (T-tags; >0.1 mg/mL) induced death in cancer cells (HepG2 and MCF-7) in-vitro at a higher rate than that of only G-tags while in-vivo mice experiment showed enhanced anticancer efficacy by T-tags at 0.01 mg/mL, indicating that the loaded doxorubicin retains its pharmaceutical activity. The cancer cell uptake and intracellular location of the G- and T-tags were observed. The results indicate that these multifunctional T-tags can deliver doxorubicin to the targeted cancer cells and sense the delivery of doxorubicin by activating the fluorescence of G-tags.
1] Division of Materials Science, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Daejeon 305-333, Republic of Korea [2].
Hyun Uk
HU
Lee
1] Division of Materials Science, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Daejeon 305-333, Republic of Korea [2].
So Young
SY
Park
1] Korea Standards Research Institute of Food and Drug, Busan 607-120, Republic of Korea [2].
Eun Sik
ES
Park
Division of Materials Science, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Daejeon 305-333, Republic of Korea.
Byoungchul
B
Son
Department of Applied Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea.
Soon Chang
SC
Lee
Department of Energy Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea.
Jae Won
JW
Lee
Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 461-701, Republic of Korea.
Young-Chul
YC
Lee
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK 21 program), KAIST, 291 Daehakno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea.
Kyoung Suk
KS
Kang
Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 461-701, Republic of Korea.
Moon Il
MI
Kim
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK 21 program), KAIST, 291 Daehakno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea.
Hyun Gyu
HG
Park
College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea.
Saehae
S
Choi
Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Republic of Korea.
Yun Suk
YS
Huh
Division of Life Science, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Daejeon 305-333, Republic of Korea.
Seung-Yeul
SY
Lee
Division of Life Science, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Daejeon 305-333, Republic of Korea.
Kyung-Bok
KB
Lee
Biomass and Waste Energy Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-343, Republic of Korea.
You-Kwan
YK
Oh
Division of Materials Science, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Daejeon 305-333, Republic of Korea.
Jouhahn
J
Lee
D000818:Animals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D016466:CHO Cells; D019556:COS Cells; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D000458:Cyanobacteria / Q000378:metabolism; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D004337:Drug Carriers; D002244:Carbon; D004317:Doxorubicin