Dinomyces arenysensis gen. et sp. nov. (Rhizophydiales, Dinomycetaceae fam. nov.), a chytrid infecting marine dinoflagellates.
Environmental 18S rRNA gene surveys of microbial eukaryotes have recently revealed the diversity of major parasitic agents in pelagic freshwater systems, consisting primarily of chytrid fungi. To date, only a few studies have reported the presence of chydrids in the marine environment and a limited number of marine chytrids have been properly identified and characterized. Here, we report the isolation and cultivation of a marine chytrid from samples taken during a bloom of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum in the Arenys de Mar harbour (Mediterranean Sea, Spain). Cross-infections using cultures and natural phytoplankton communities revealed that this chytrid is only able to infect certain species of dinoflagellates, with a rather wide host range but with a relative preference for Alexandrium species. Phylogenetic analyses showed that it belongs to the order Rhizophydiales, but cannot be included in any of the existing families within this order. Several ultrastructural characters confirmed the placement of this taxon within the Rhizophydiales as well its novelty notably in terms of zoospore structure. This marine chytridial parasitoid is described as a new genus and species, Dinomyces arenysensis, within the Dinomycetaceae fam. nov.
CNRS, UMR 7144, Place Georges Teissier, CS90074, 29688 Roscoff Cedex, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI), Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, CS90074, 29688 Roscoff Cedex, France.
Frédéric
F
Lepelletier
Zoological Institute RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia; St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Sergey A
SA
Karpov
Departament de Biologia Marina i Oceanografia, Institut de Ciències del Mar, CSIC, Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, E08003 Barcelona, Spain.
Elisabet
E
Alacid
CNRS, FR 2424, Plate-forme Merimage, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, CS90074, 29688 Roscoff Cedex, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI), Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, CS90074, 29688 Roscoff Cedex, France.
Sophie
S
Le Panse
CNRS, UMR 7144, Place Georges Teissier, CS90074, 29688 Roscoff Cedex, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI), Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, CS90074, 29688 Roscoff Cedex, France.
Estelle
E
Bigeard
Departament de Biologia Marina i Oceanografia, Institut de Ciències del Mar, CSIC, Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, E08003 Barcelona, Spain.
Esther
E
Garcés
CNRS, UMR 7144, Place Georges Teissier, CS90074, 29688 Roscoff Cedex, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI), Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, CS90074, 29688 Roscoff Cedex, France.
Christian
C
Jeanthon
CNRS, UMR 7144, Place Georges Teissier, CS90074, 29688 Roscoff Cedex, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI), Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, CS90074, 29688 Roscoff Cedex, France. Electronic address: lguillou@sb-roscoff.fr.
Laure
L
Guillou
D059001:Aquatic Organisms / Q000382:microbiology*; D008411:Chytridiomycota / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004141:Dinoflagellida / Q000382:microbiology*; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D058507:Host Specificity; D008522:Mediterranean Sea; D008853:Microscopy; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012331:RNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D012339:RNA, Ribosomal, 28S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013030:Spain
D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D012331:RNA, Fungal; D012339:RNA, Ribosomal, 28S
Dinomyces arenysensis; Fungi; Rhizophydiales.; chytrid; dinoflagellates; microbial parasitoids