Aerobic fitness levels and validation of a non exercise VO2max prediction equation for HIV-infected patients on HAART.
BACKGROUND
Non-exercise (N-EX) questionnaires have been developed to determine maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) in healthy populations. There are limited reliable and validated N-EX questionnaires for the HIV+ population that provide estimates of habitual physical activity and not VO2max.


OBJECTIVE
To determine how well regression equations developed previously on healthy populations, including N-EX prediction equations for VO2max and age-predicted maximal heart rates (APMHR), worked on an HIV+ population; and to develop a specific N-EX prediction equation for VO2max and APMHR for HIV+ individuals.


METHODS
Sixty-six HIV+ participants on stable HAART completed 4 N-EX questionnaires and performed a maximal graded exercise test.


RESULTS
Sixty males and 6 females were included; mean (SD) age was 49.2 (8.2) years; CD4 count was 516.0 ± 253.0 cells·mm-3; and 92% had undetectable HIV PCR. Mean VO2max was 29.2 ± 7.6 (range, 14.4-49.4) mL·kg-1·min-1 Despite positive correlations with VO2max, previously published N-EX VO2max equations produced results significantly different than actual VO2 scores (P < .0001). An HIV+ specific N-EX equation was developed and produced similar mean VO2max values, R = 0.71, when compared to achieved VO2max (P = .53).


CONCLUSIONS
HIV+ individuals tend to be sedentary and unfit, putting them at increased risk for the development of chronic diseases associated with a sedentary lifestyle. Based on the level of error associated with utilizing APMHR and N-EX VO2max equations with HIV+ individuals, neither should be used in this population for exercise prescription.
Department of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Science, College of Education, University of Hawaii - Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Katherine
K
Sullivan
Hawaii Center for AIDS, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Cecilia M
CM
Shikuma
Hawaii Center for AIDS, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Dominic
D
Chow
Department of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Science, College of Education, University of Hawaii - Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Elizabeth
E
Cornelius
Department of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Science, College of Education, University of Hawaii - Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Rebecca K
RK
Romine
Department of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Science, College of Education, University of Hawaii - Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii Department of Sports Medicine, West Chester University, West Chester, Pennsylvania.
Rachel A
RA
Lindsey
Department of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Science, College of Education, University of Hawaii - Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Christopher D
CD
Stickley
Department of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Science, College of Education, University of Hawaii - Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Iris F
IF
Kimura
Department of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Science, College of Education, University of Hawaii - Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Ronald K
RK
Hetzler
D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology*; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000523:psychology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012044:Regression Analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D019562:Viral Load; D055815:Young Adult
HIV; VO2max; nonexercise questionnaires; prediction equation; validation