Heat shock protein gp96 adjuvant induces T cell responses and cross-protection to a split influenza vaccine.
The commonly used inactivated or split influenza vaccines induce only induce minimal T cell responses and are less effective in preventing heterologous virus infection. Thus, developing cross-protective influenza vaccines against the spread of a new influenza virus is an important strategy against pandemic emergence. Here we demonstrated that immunization with heat shock protein gp96 as adjuvant led to a dramatic increased antigen-specific T cell response to a pandemic H1N1 split vaccine. Notably, gp96 elicited a cross-protective CD8(+) T cell response to the internal conserved viral protein NP. Although the split pH1N1vaccine alone has low cross-protective efficiency, adding gp96 as an adjuvant effectively improved the cross-protection against challenge with a heterologous virus in mice. Our study reveals the novel property of gp96 in boosting the T cell response against conserved epitopes of influenza virus and its potential use as an adjuvant for human pre-pandemic inactivated influenza vaccines against different viral subtypes.
CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), No.1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China.
Ying
Y
Ju
CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), No.1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China.
Hongxia
H
Fan
CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), No.1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China.
Jun
J
Liu
CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), No.1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China.
Jun
J
Hu
CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), No.1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China.
Xinghui
X
Li
CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), No.1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China.
Changfei
C
Li
CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), No.1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China.
Lizhao
L
Chen
Sinovac Biotech Co., Ltd, Beijing, China.
Qiang
Q
Gao
CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), No.1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China.
George F
GF
Gao
CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), No.1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China. Electronic address: mengsd@im.ac.cn.
Songdong
S
Meng
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D056738:Cross Protection; D005260:Female; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D007252:Influenza Vaccines
Conserved epitope; Cross protection; Influenza vaccine; T cell response; gp96