A review of the effects of the cell environment physicochemical nanoarchitecture on stem cell commitment.
Physicochemical features of a cell nanoenvironment exert important influence on stem cell behavior and include the influence of matrix elasticity and topography on differentiation processes. The presence of growth factors such as TGF-β and BMPs on these matrices provides chemical cues and thus plays vital role in directing eventual stem cell fate. Engineering of functional biomimetic scaffolds that present programmed spatio-temporal physical and chemical signals to stem cells holds great promise in stem cell therapy. Progress in this field requires tacit understanding of the mechanistic aspects of cell-environment nanointeractions, so that they can be manipulated and exploited for the design of sophisticated next generation biomaterials. In this review, we report and discuss the evolution of these processes and pathways in the context of matrix adhesion as they might relate to stemness and stem cell differentiation. Super-resolution microscopy and single-molecule methods for in vitro nano-manipulation are helping to identify and characterize the molecules and mechanics of structural transitions within stem cells and matrices. All these advances facilitate research toward understanding of stem cell niche and consequently to developing new class of biomaterials helping the "used biomaterials" for applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: r.das@science.ru.nl.
Rajat K
RK
Das
AVEGEM, Parc Unitec 1, 2 Allée du Doyen Georges Brus, 33600 Pessac, France. Electronic address: omar.zouani@avegem.com.
Omar F
OF
Zouani
D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D006801:Humans; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D055153:Stem Cell Niche; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
D001672:Biocompatible Materials
Cell differentiation; Material modifications; Micro- and nano-technology; Stem-cell niche and nanoenvironment; Super resolution methods