Cell viability after osteotomy and bone harvesting: comparison of piezoelectric surgery and conventional bur.
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the influence of a piezoelectric device versus a conventional bur on osteocyte viability and osteoblast and osteoclast activity using an in vivo mouse model. Osteotomies were created and bone grafts were harvested using either a conventional bur or a piezoelectric device; the resulting injuries and bone grafts were evaluated over an extended time-course using molecular and cellular assays for cell death (TUNEL assay), cell viability (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining), the onset of mineralization (alkaline phosphatase activity), and bone remodelling (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity). Osteotomies created with a piezoelectric device showed greater osteocyte viability and reduced cell death. Bone grafts harvested with a piezoelectric device exhibited greater short-term cell viability than those harvested with a bur, and exhibited slightly more new bone deposition and bone remodelling. The difference in response of osteocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts to bone cutting via a bur and via a piezoelectric device is negligible in vivo. Given the improved visibility and the margin of safety afforded by a piezoelectric device, they are the instrument of choice when cutting or harvesting bone to preserve soft tissue.
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Periodontology, Service of Odontology, Rothschild Hospital, AP-HP, Paris 7 - Denis, Diderot University, U.F.R. of Odontology, Paris, France.
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Mouraret
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Houschyar
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Hunter
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Smith
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Jew
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Oral Medicine & Maxillofacial Surgery Service, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Girod
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Oral Medicine & Maxillofacial Surgery Service, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address: jhelms@stanford.edu.
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Helms
D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D016723:Bone Remodeling; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D002470:Cell Survival; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000601:surgery*; D051379:Mice; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D059745:Piezosurgery / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase
D007527:Isoenzymes; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase
bone; bone graft; cell viability; cutting; harvesting; in vivo; osteoconduction; osteoinduction; ultrasound