Correlates of gratitude disposition in middle school students: gender differences.
BACKGROUND
Gratitude disposition is positively associated with happiness.


OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to identify influencing factors on gratitude disposition by gender differences in middle school students.


METHODS
Cross-sectional study using self-reported questionnaires were administered to participants (n=372) aged between 13 ∼ 15 years in Seoul and Chungnam Province in Korea. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS18.0 statistical program, and frequency analysis and logistic regression analysis were used in the research.


RESULTS
The mean score of family abuse of boys was significantly higher than girls' score (t=3.016, p=0.003). In subscales of development assets, empowerment (t=2.264, p=0.024), boundaries and expectation (t=2.476, p=0.014), and commitment to learning (t=1.971, p=0.049) were significantly higher in boys. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR 0.334, CI 0.130∼0.862), peer relationship (OR 2.280, CI 1.124∼4.623), social support (OR 2.584, CI 1.176∼5.676), positive identity (OR 3.138, CI 1.256∼7.840) were significantly associated with gratitude disposition for boys, while school violence (OR 0.050, CI 0.003∼0.907) and positive identity (OR 2.937, CI 1.313∼6.567) were significantly associated with gratitude disposition for girls.


CONCLUSIONS
This study suggests that it is important to protect adolescents from family abuse and school violence, furthermore, developmental assets should be developed to increase to gratitude disposition.
Department of Nursing, Namseoul University, Cheonan, Korea.
Jung-hyun
JH
Choi
College of Nursing, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsang, Korea.
Mi
M
Yu
D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D001290:Attitude; D002649:Child Abuse / Q000523:psychology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010379:Peer Group; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012737:Sex Factors; D012944:Social Support; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014754:Violence / Q000523:psychology*
Gratitude disposition; middle school student; positive identity