Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors vs conventional chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer harboring wild-type epidermal growth factor receptor: a meta-analysis.
OBJECTIVE
Current guidelines recommend both epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs as standard treatment options for patients with wild-type (WT) EGFR who were previously treated for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, it is not clear that EGFR TKIs are as efficacious as chemotherapy in patients with WT EGFR.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the association between first-generation EGFR TKI vs chemotherapy and survival in advanced NSCLC patients with WT EGFR.


METHODS
PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane database, and meeting abstracts of the American Society of Clinical Oncology and European Society of Medical Oncology through December 2013.


METHODS
Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials comparing EGFR TKI with conventional chemotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC. Out of 1947 retrieved articles, 11 trials incorporating 1605 patients with WT EGFR were included.


METHODS
Two reviewers extracted trial characteristics and outcomes. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane tool. All measures were pooled using random-effects models and 95% CIs were calculated.


METHODS
The primary outcome was progression-free survival (PFS), measured as hazard ratios (HRs). The secondary outcomes were objective response rate and overall survival, expressed as relative risks and HRs, respectively.


RESULTS
Among patients with WT EGFR tumors, chemotherapy was associated with improvement of PFS, compared with TKI (HR for TKI, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.10-1.81). No statistically significant subgroup difference was identified in terms of line of treatment (first-line vs second- or later-line), experimental drug, dominant ethnicity, or EGFR mutation analysis method. Trials using more sensitive platforms than direct sequencing were associated with a significant PFS benefit with chemotherapy (HR for TKI, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.35-2.52). The association of chemotherapy with improvement in PFS was also significant in second- or later-line trials (HR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.09-1.65). The objective response rate was higher with chemotherapy (92/549, 16.8%, vs 39/540, 7.2%, for TKI; relative risk for TKI, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.02-1.21); however, no statistically significant difference was observed with respect to overall survival (HR for TKI, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.96-1.22).


CONCLUSIONS
Among patients with advanced NSCLC harboring WT EGFR, conventional chemotherapy, compared with first-generation EGFR TKI, was associated with improvement in PFS but not overall survival.
Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
June-Koo
JK
Lee
Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea3Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Seokyung
S
Hahn
Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea4Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Dong-Wan
DW
Kim
Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Koung Jin
KJ
Suh
Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea4Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Bhumsuk
B
Keam
Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea4Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Tae Min
TM
Kim
Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea4Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Se-Hoon
SH
Lee
Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea4Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Dae Seog
DS
Heo
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009154:Mutation; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases