A systematic review and meta-analysis of incontinence-associated dermatitis, incontinence, and moisture as risk factors for pressure ulcer development.
The aim of this analysis was to identify the association between incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD), its most important etiologic factors (incontinence and moisture), and pressure ulcers (PUs). A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed. We searched Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library for relevant papers dating through March 15, 2013. Fifty-eight studies were included. Measures of relative effect at the univariate level were meta-analyzed. In most studies (86%), a significant association between variables of interest was found, with pooled odds ratios of PUs in univariate models between 1.92 (95% CI 1.54-2.38) for urinary incontinence and 4.99 (95% CI 2.62-9.50) for double incontinence (p < .05). This evidence indicates an association between IAD, its most important etiological factors, and PUs. Methodological issues should be considered when interpreting the results of this review.
University Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, Department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Dimitri
D
Beeckman
Aurélie
A
Van Lancker
Ann
A
Van Hecke
Sofie
S
Verhaeghe
D003872:Dermatitis / Q000209:etiology*; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D003668:Pressure Ulcer / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000150:complications*
decubitus ulcer; incontinence; incontinence-associated dermatitis; meta-analysis; pressure ulcer; skin integrity; systematic review