Practice Management Training in the PGY1 Residency Year: Best Practices From Two Nationwide Surveys.
OBJECTIVE
The development of future pharmacy leaders is vital to the advancement of our profession. Postgraduate year 1 (PGY1) residency training requires residents to exercise leadership and practice management skills. Two national surveys were conducted to describe the current state of practice management experiences and elucidate best practice recommendations.


METHODS
The surveys, online multiple choice and free response, queried American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP)-accredited residency program practice management preceptors (survey 1) and PGY1 residents (survey 2) and were distributed via the ASHP residency program directors' listserv. Responses were reviewed and analyzed by members of the University HealthSystem Consortium Pharmacy Council Strategic Initiatives and Programming Committee.


RESULTS
Survey 1, completed by 240 institutions, identified that a combination of concentrated and longitudinal practice management experiences were used most frequently (47%), followed by concentrated alone (33%). Universally noted activities included meeting attendance (98%), projects (94%), and committee involvement (92%). Sixty-seven percent of the programs changed the experience in the previous 3 years, with 43% planning changes in the coming year. Survey 2 was completed by 58 PGY1 residents from 42 programs. Most (80%) residents stated they had enough time with their preceptors, and 55% rated their enjoyment of the rotation as 4 or 5 on a 1 to 5 scale (5 = most enjoyed).


CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that there is not a best practice for the structure or content of the PGY1 practice management experience. These results highlight key recommendations, including the need for practice management-specific preceptor development, incorporation of longitudinal experiences, and more practice management and leadership activities.
Solid Organ Transplant Pharmacotherapy Specialist, Tampa General Hospital , Tampa, Florida.
Christina
C
Doligalski
Clinical Pharmacist, Tampa General Hospital , Tampa, Florida.
Michael
M
Verbosky
Assistant Director, Clinical Manager, Tampa General Hospital , Tampa, Florida.
Earnest
E
Alexander
Director of Pharmacy, Northwestern Memorial Hospital , Chicago, Illinois.
Desi
D
Kotis
Executive Director, Pharmaceutical and Nutrition Care, The Nebraska Medical Center, and Associate Dean for Hospital Affairs, The University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy , Omaha, Nebraska .
Michael
M
Powell
administration; leadership; residency; training