Composition and biological activities of hogweed [Heracleum sphondylium L. subsp. ternatum (Velen.) Brummitt] essential oil and its main components octyl acetate and octyl butyrate.
The essential oil obtained from the fruits of hogweed (Heracleum sphondylium subsp. ternatum) growing in central Apennines (Italy) was analysed for chemical composition by gas chromatographic-flame ionisation detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The oil was composed mainly of aliphatic esters (86.9-89.5%), among them octyl acetate (54.9-60.2%) and octyl butyrate (10.1-13.4%) were the most abundant. The oil and its two major esters, octyl acetate and octyl butyrate, were tested for in vitro biological activity, namely antibacterial, antioxidant and cytotoxic, by microdilution, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)) and MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assays. Worthy of mention was only the cytotoxic activity of the oil against two tumour cell lines, i.e. A375 (human malignant melanoma) and HCT116 (human colon carcinoma) cells, with IC50 values of 48.69 and 95.83 μg/mL, respectively; the major compound responsible for this effect was octyl butyrate which displayed IC50 values of 20.19 μg/mL (100.8 μM) and 55.35 μg/mL (276.3 μM) on the same cells, respectively.
a School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino , I-62032 Camerino , Italy.
Filippo
F
Maggi
Luana
L
Quassinti
Massimo
M
Bramucci
Giulio
G
Lupidi
Dezemona
D
Petrelli
Luca A
LA
Vitali
Fabrizio
F
Papa
Sauro
S
Vittori
D000085:Acetates / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D052160:Benzothiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D045325:HCT116 Cells; D030002:Heracleum / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007558:Italy; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry*; D010851:Picrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D013451:Sulfonic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts / Q000494:pharmacology; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology
D000085:Acetates; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D000975:Antioxidants; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010851:Picrates; D013451:Sulfonic Acids; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; C002502:2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; C022616:thiazolyl blue; C059676:octyl acetate
Apiaceae; Heracleum sphondylium subsp. ternatum; aliphatic esters; biological activity; essential oil