Detection of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae in the baltic countries and st. Petersburg area.
The spread of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae is a global problem; however, no exact data on the epidemiology of carbapenemase in the Baltic countries and St. Petersburg area is available. We aimed to evaluate the epidemiology of carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in the Baltic States and St. Petersburg, Russia, and to compare the different methods for carbapenemase detection. From January to May 2012, all K. pneumoniae (n = 1983) and E. coli (n = 7774) clinical isolates from 20 institutions in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and St. Petersburg, Russia were screened for carbapenem susceptibility. The IMP, VIM, GIM, NDM, KPC, and OXA-48 genes were detected using real-time PCR and the ability to hydrolyze ertapenem was determined using MALDI-TOF MS. Seventy-seven strains were found to be carbapenem nonsusceptible. From these, 15 K. pneumoniae strains hydrolyzed ertapenem and carried the bla NDM gene. All of these strains carried integron 1 and most carried integron 3 as well as genes of the CTX-M-1 group. No carbapenemase-producing E. coli or K. pneumoniae strains were found in Estonia, Latvia, or Lithuania; however, NDM-positive K. pneumoniae was present in the hospital in St. Petersburg, Russia. A MALDI-TOF MS-based assay is a suitable and cost-effective method for the initial confirmation of carbapenemase production.
Department of Microbiology, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia ; East-Tallinn Central Hospital, Ravi 18, 10138 Tallinn, Estonia.
Anastasia
A
Pavelkovich
Rīga Stradiņš University, 16 Dzirciema Street, Rīga, LV-1007, Latvia.
Arta
A
Balode
Smittskyddsinstitutet, Folkhälsomyndigheten, 171 82 Solna, Sweden.
Petra
P
Edquist
Institut Pasteur in Saint Petersburg, Ul Mira 14, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia.
Svetlana
S
Egorova
East-Tallinn Central Hospital, Ravi 18, 10138 Tallinn, Estonia.
Marina
M
Ivanova
Institut Pasteur in Saint Petersburg, Ul Mira 14, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia.
Lidia
L
Kaftyreva
St. Petersburg Hospital No. 31, Pr. Dinamo 3, Saint Petersburg 197110, Russia.
Irina
I
Konovalenko
Department of Microbiology, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
Siiri
S
Kõljalg
Department of Microbiology, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
Jana
J
Lillo
St. Petersburg Hospital No. 40, Ul Borisova 9, Sestroretsk, Saint Petersburg 197706, Russia.
Lidia
L
Lipskaya
Vilnius City Clinical Hospital, Antakalnio Street 57, LT-10007 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Jolanta
0000-0003-3456-0228
J
Miciuleviciene
Department of Microbiology, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
Kristiine
0000-0003-2597-3813
K
Pai
Department of Microbiology, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
Kristel
K
Parv
Department of Microbiology, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
Katri
K
Pärna
Department of Microbiology, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
Tiiu
T
Rööp
Department of Microbiology, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
Epp
E
Sepp
Department of Microbiology, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
Jelena
J
Stšepetova
Department of Microbiology, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia ; Quattromed HTI Laboratories, Väike-Paala 1, 11415 Tallinn, Estonia.
Paul
P
Naaber
D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D001454:Baltic States / Q000453:epidemiology; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000201:enzymology / Q000453:epidemiology; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000201:enzymology / Q000453:epidemiology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000201:enzymology / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007710:Klebsiella Infections / Q000201:enzymology / Q000453:epidemiology; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008297:Male; D012426:Russia / Q000453:epidemiology; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000096:biosynthesis*
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001618:beta-Lactamases; C063912:carbapenemase