Targeting interleukin-1β reduces intense acute swimming-induced muscle mechanical hyperalgesia in mice.
OBJECTIVE
The role of interleukin (IL)-1β in intense acute swimming-induced muscle mechanical hyperalgesia was investigated in mice.


METHODS
Untrained mice were submitted to one session of intense acute swimming for 120 min or were submitted to sham conditions (30 s exposure to water), and muscle mechanical hyperalgesia (before and 6-48 h after swimming session), IL-1β production (skeletal muscle and spinal cord), myeloperoxidase activity, reduced glutathione (GSH) levels (skeletal muscle and spinal cord), and cortisol, glucose, lactate and creatine kinase (CK) levels (plasma) were analysed.


RESULTS
Intense acute swimming-induced muscle mechanical hyperalgesia was dose-dependently inhibited by IL-1ra treatment. IL-1β levels were increased in soleus, but not gastrocnemius muscle and spinal cord 2 and 4 h after the session, respectively. Intense acute swimming-induced increase of myeloperoxidase activity and reduced GSH levels in soleus muscle were reversed by IL-1ra treatment. In the spinal cord, exercise induced an increase of GSH levels, which was reduced by IL-1ra. Finally, IL-1ra treatment reduced plasma levels of CK, an indicator of myocyte damage.


CONCLUSIONS
IL-1β mediates intense acute swimming-induced muscle mechanical hyperalgesia by peripheral (soleus muscle) and spinal cord integrative mechanisms and could be considered a potential target to treat exercise-induced muscle pain.
Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
Sergio M
SM
Borghi
Ana C
AC
Zarpelon
Felipe A
FA
Pinho-Ribeiro
Renato D R
RD
Cardoso
Thiago M
TM
Cunha
José C
JC
Alves-Filho
Sergio H
SH
Ferreira
Fernando Q
FQ
Cunha
Rubia
R
Casagrande
Waldiceu A
WA
Verri
D000818:Animals; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006930:Hyperalgesia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D032342:Muscle Cells / Q000473:pathology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D059352:Musculoskeletal Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D013550:Swimming
D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D009195:Peroxidase; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D005978:Glutathione
DOMS; cytokine; mice; muscle mechanical hyperalgesia; oxidative stress; pain