Evolution of abnormal plasma glucagon responses to mixed-meal feedings in youth with type 1 diabetes during the first 2 years after diagnosis.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the evolution of the dysregulated glucagon responses to mixed-meal tolerance tests (MMTTs) in youth with recent-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D).


METHODS
MMTTs were performed in 25 youth (9-18 years of age) with 1.5-12 months disease duration (year 1); 22 subjects were restudied 1 year later (year 2). Twenty nondiabetic (ND) control children were also studied.


RESULTS
In T1D children, MMTT-stimulated increases in glucagon were significantly greater than that in ND children (median increments: year 1, 21 pg/mL [16-30]; year 2, 25 pg/mL [16-30]; ND, 9 pg/mL [5-16]; P = 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively).


CONCLUSIONS
In comparison with ND control children, exaggerated plasma glucagon responses to mixed-meal feedings are observed in youth with T1D within the first 2 years of diagnosis. Further studies to determine whether suppression of these abnormal responses may help to improve glycemic control are warranted.
Section of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
Jennifer
J
Sherr
Endocrinology and Diabetes, Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA.
Eva
E
Tsalikian
Pediatric Endocrinology, Nemours Children's Clinic, Jacksonville, FL.
Larry
L
Fox
Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.
Bruce
B
Buckingham
Section of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
Stuart
S
Weinzimer
Section of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
William V
WV
Tamborlane
Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO.
Neil H
NH
White
Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO.
Ana Maria
AM
Arbelaez
Jaeb Center for Health Research, Tampa, FL.
Craig
C
Kollman
Jaeb Center for Health Research, Tampa, FL direcnet@jaeb.org.
Katrina J
KJ
Ruedy
Jaeb Center for Health Research, Tampa, FL.
Peiyao
P
Cheng
Jaeb Center for Health Research, Tampa, FL.
Roy W
RW
Beck
D000293:Adolescent; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D062407:Meals; D019518:Postprandial Period
D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D005934:Glucagon