Glatiramer acetate reverses cognitive deficits from cranial-irradiated rat by inducing hippocampal neurogenesis.
Patients received cranial-irradiation can be affected with cognitive deficits and decreasing hippocampal neurogenesis. In this work, we characterized the cognitive ability and immune-induced neurogenesis of the pre- and post-treated cranial-irradiated rats with Glatiramer acetate (GA), known as a weak CNS auto-antigen. The GA-treated rats displayed better cognitive abilities in Morris water maze (MWM). The numbers of Iba-I-positive microglia, BrdU(+)/DCX(+) cells and BrdU(+)/NeuN(+) cells in hippocampus increased, which are accompanied with increased IFN-γ and decreased IL-6, IL-4. Furthermore, GA reverted the Th1/Th2 balance. GA treatment can reverse the cognitive deficits caused by cranial irradiation through a mechanism that likely involves immunomodulation.
State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
Fen
F
He
Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
Jun-Tao
JT
Zou
Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
Qiong-Fang
QF
Zhou
Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: daoliniu@163.com.
Dao-Li
DL
Niu
State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: jiaweih@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
Wei-Hua
WH
Jia
D000818:Animals; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016371:Cranial Irradiation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D000089662:Doublecortin Protein; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D000068717:Glatiramer Acetate; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
C100745:Aif1 protein, rat; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D016207:Cytokines; C000714848:Dcx protein, rat; D000089662:Doublecortin Protein; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D010455:Peptides; D000068717:Glatiramer Acetate
Cognitive deficit; Cranial irradiation; Glatiramer; Hippocampus