Effects of neuropeptides and mechanical loading on bone cell resorption in vitro.
Neuropeptides such as vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) are present in nerve fibers of bone tissues and have been suggested to potentially regulate bone remodeling. Oscillatory fluid flow (OFF)-induced shear stress is a potent signal in mechanotransduction that is capable of regulating both anabolic and catabolic bone remodeling. However, the interaction between neuropeptides and mechanical induction in bone remodeling is poorly understood. In this study, we attempted to quantify the effects of combined neuropeptides and mechanical stimuli on mRNA and protein expression related to bone resorption. Neuropeptides (VIP or CGRP) and/or OFF-induced shear stress were applied to MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblastic cells and changes in receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) mRNA and protein levels were quantified. Neuropeptides and OFF-induced shear stress similarly decreased RANKL and increased OPG levels compared to control. Changes were not further enhanced with combined neuropeptides and OFF-induced shear stress. These results suggest that neuropeptides CGRP and VIP have an important role in suppressing bone resorptive activities through RANKL/OPG pathway, similar to mechanical loading.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do 220-710, Korea. yyeongm@hanmail.net.
Yeong-Min
YM
Yoo
Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do 220-710, Korea. guiltyspace@yonsei.ac.kr.
Ji Hyun
JH
Kwag
Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do 220-710, Korea. khkim0604@yonsei.ac.kr.
Kyung Hwan
KH
Kim
Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do 220-710, Korea. chihyun@yonsei.ac.kr.
Chi Hyun
CH
Kim
D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D040542:Mechanotransduction, Cellular; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000502:physiology; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000502:physiology; D010012:Osteogenesis; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000494:pharmacology*
D016328:NF-kappa B; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D053245:RANK Ligand; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C505689:Tnfsf11 protein, mouse; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide