Antimicrobial peptides from skin secretions of Hypsiboas pulchellus (Anura: Hylidae).
The skin of many amphibians produces a large repertoire of antimicrobial peptides that are crucial in the first line of defense against microbial invasion. Despite the immense richness of wild amphibians in Argentina, knowledge about peptides with antimicrobial properties is limited to a few species. Here we used LC-MS-MS to analyze samples of Hypsiboas pulchellus skin with the aim to identify antimicrobial peptides in the mass range of 1000 to 2000 Da. Twenty-three novel sequences were identified by MS, three of which were selected for chemical synthesis and further studies. The three synthetic peptides, named P1-Hp-1971, P2-Hp-1935, and P3-Hp-1891, inhibited the growth of two ATCC strains: Escherichia coli (MIC: 16, 33, and 17 μM, respectively) and Staphylococcus aureus (MIC: 8, 66, and 17 μM, respectively). P1-Hp-1971 and P3-Hp-1891 were the most active peptides. P1-Hp-1971, which showed the highest therapeutic indices (40 for E. coli and 80 for S. aureus), is a proline-glycine-rich peptide with a highly unordered structure, while P3-Hp-1891 adopts an amphipathic α-helical structure in the presence of 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol and anionic liposomes. This is the first peptidomic study of Hypsiboas pulchellus skin secretions to allow the identification of antimicrobial peptides.
Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica y Cs. Biológicas (FBCB), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) , Ciudad Universitaria, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina.
Alvaro
A
Siano
María Verónica
MV
Húmpola
Eliandre
E
de Oliveira
Fernando
F
Albericio
Arturo C
AC
Simonetta
Rafael
R
Lajmanovich
Georgina G
GG
Tonarelli
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D001001:Anura; D001118:Argentina; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015394:Molecular Structure; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; C000589777:P1-Hp-1971 peptide, Hypsiboas pulchellus; C000589778:P2-Hp-1935 peptide, Hypsiboas pulchellus; C000589779:P3-Hp-1891 peptide, Hypsiboas pulchellus