Square wave anodic stripping voltammetric determination of Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺ at bismuth-film electrode modified with electroreduced graphene oxide-supported thiolated thionine.
Graphene oxide (GO)-thionine (TH) nanocomposite was prepared by π-π stacking. The nanocomposite was cast-coated on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to prepare an electroreduced GO (ERGO)-TH/GCE, then 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate (MES) was covalently tethered to ERGO-TH by potentiostatic anodization to form an ERGO-TH-MES/GCE. The thiolation reaction was monitored by electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM). Square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) was used to determine Cd(2+) and Pb(2+) at the ERGO-TH-MES/GCE further modified with Nafion and Bi. Under the optimal conditions, the linear calibration curves for Cd(2+) and Pb(2+) are from 1 to 40 μg L(-1), with limits of detection (S/N=3) of 0.1 μg L(-1) for Cd(2+) and 0.05 μg L(-1) for Pb(2+), respectively. The electrode was used for the simultaneous analysis of Cd(2+) and Pb(2+) in water samples with satisfactory recovery.
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.
Zou
Z
Li
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.
Li
L
Chen
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.
Fang
F
He
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.
Lijuan
L
Bu
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.
Xiaoli
X
Qin
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China. Electronic address: xieqj@hunnu.edu.cn.
Qingji
Q
Xie
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.
Shouzhuo
S
Yao
Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycling, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China.
Xinman
X
Tu
Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycling, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China.
Xubiao
X
Luo
Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycling, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China.
Shenglian
S
Luo
D001729:Bismuth / Q000737:chemistry*; D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis*; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000379:methods; D004566:Electrodes; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D010640:Phenothiazines / Q000737:chemistry*; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry
D010087:Oxides; D010640:Phenothiazines; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D002104:Cadmium; D007854:Lead; D006108:Graphite; D001729:Bismuth; C009469:thionine
Cd(2+) and Pb(2+); Electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance; Electroreduced graphene oxide–thionine–2-mercaptoethanesulfonate nanocomposite; Square wave anodic stripping voltammetry; Thiolation