Comorbidities in patients with crystal diseases and hyperuricemia.
Crystal arthropathies are among the most common causes of painful inflammatory arthritis. Gout, the most common example, has been associated with cardiovascular and renal disease. In recent years, evidence for these associations and those involving other comorbidities, such as the metabolic syndrome, have emerged, and the importance of asymptomatic hyperuricemia has been established. In this review, an update on evidence, both experimental and clinical, is presented, and associations between hyperuricemia, gout, and several comorbidities are described. Causality regarding calcium pyrophosphate arthropathy and associated comorbidities is also reviewed.
Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Faculty Office Tower 813, 510 20th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Sebastian E
SE
Sattui
Medicine Service, Center for Surgical Medical Acute Care Research and Transitions (C-SMART), 700 19th Street South, Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Faculty Office Tower 805B, 200 First Street South West, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA.
Jasvinder A
JA
Singh
Section of Rheumatology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 700 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Shelby Building 201, 1825 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Electronic address: agaffo@uab.edu.
Angelo L
AL
Gaffo
D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000453:epidemiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D002805:Chondrocalcinosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006073:Gout / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000453:epidemiology; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology*
Calcium pyrophosphate arthropathy; Cardiovascular disease; Comorbidities; Crystal arthropathies; Gout; Hyperuricemia; Metabolic syndrome; Renal disease