The impact of oligofructose on stimulation of gut hormones, appetite regulation and adiposity.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effect of nutrient stimulation of gut hormones by oligofructose supplementation on appetite, energy intake (EI), body weight (BW) and adiposity in overweight and obese volunteers.


METHODS
In a parallel, single-blind and placebo-controlled study, 22 healthy overweight and obese volunteers were randomly allocated to receive 30 g day(-1) oligofructose or cellulose for 6 weeks following a 2-week run-in. Subjective appetite and side effect scores, breath hydrogen, serum short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), plasma gut hormones, glucose and insulin concentrations, EI, BW and adiposity were quantified at baseline and post-supplementation.


RESULTS
Oligofructose increased breath hydrogen (P < 0.0001), late acetate concentrations (P = 0.024), tended to increase total area under the curve (tAUC)420 mins peptide YY (PYY) (P = 0.056) and reduced tAUC450 mins hunger (P = 0.034) and motivation to eat (P = 0.013) when compared with cellulose. However, there was no significant difference between the groups in other parameters although within group analyses showed an increase in glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) (P = 0.006) in the cellulose group and a decrease in EI during ad libitum meal in both groups.


CONCLUSIONS
Oligofructose increased plasma PYY concentrations and suppressed appetite, while cellulose increased GLP-1 concentrations. EI decreased in both groups. However, these positive effects did not translate into changes in BW or adiposity.
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College Hammersmith Campus, London, W12 ONN, UK; School of Chemical Sciences & Food Technology, Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi Selangor, Malaysia.
Norlida M
NM
Daud
Nurhafzan A
NA
Ismail
Elizabeth L
EL
Thomas
Julie A
JA
Fitzpatrick
Jimmy D
JD
Bell
Jonathan R
JR
Swann
Adele
A
Costabile
Caroline E
CE
Childs
Camilla
C
Pedersen
Anthony P
AP
Goldstone
Gary S
GS
Frost
D050154:Adiposity / Q000187:drug effects*; D000328:Adult; D001066:Appetite / Q000187:drug effects; D001069:Appetite Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight; D002482:Cellulose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000187:drug effects; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000097:blood*; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D050177:Overweight / Q000378:metabolism; D010349:Patient Compliance; D019894:Peptide YY / Q000097:blood*; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D055815:Young Adult
D001786:Blood Glucose; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005227:Fatty Acids; D007328:Insulin; D009844:Oligosaccharides; C120489:oligofructose; D019894:Peptide YY; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D002482:Cellulose