Leaf extract of Markhamia platycalyx: polyphenolic profile, acute toxicity, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and in vitro antioxidant activities.
10 polyphenols were identified from 80% aqueous methanol extract (AME) of Markhamia platycalyx [(Baker) Sprague] leaf. Their structures were characterized as protocatechuic acid (1), E-caffeic acid (2), E-methyl caffeate (3), isoverbascoside (4), verbascoside (5), jacraninoside-I (6), cosmosiin (7), cinaroside (8), luteolin (9) and apigenin (10) based on chemical and extensive spectral studies (UV, ESI-MS, (1)H, (13)C and 1D/2D NMR). Biological evaluation indicated that AME is non-toxic to the experimental animals. It exhibited a significant inhibition of oedema after 1, 2, 3 and 4 h for all examined doses (250, 500 and 1 000 mg/kg). In comparison with silymarin, the AME demonstrated a significant hepatoprotective effect in the form of high reduction in elevated ALT and AST serum levels in regard to paracetamol treated group. As well as, it revealed a marked significant scavenging activity by 62.9, 82.5, 88.3, 83.7 and 83.7%, for the concentrations 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mg/ml of the extract, respectively, relative to L-ascorbic acid (86.8%), which was used as a reference antioxidant drug.
Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy (Girls), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
R A
RA
El Dib
Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
A H
AH
Gaara
Department of Pharmacology, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
S M
SM
El-Shenawy
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alazhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
J A A
JA
Micky
Department of Pharmacology, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
A A
AA
Mohammed
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
M S
MS
Marzouk
D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029402:Bignoniaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D020011:Protective Agents