Way-finding during a fire emergency: an experimental study in a virtual environment.
The way-finding behaviour and response during a fire emergency in a virtual environment (VE) was experimentally investigated. Forty participants, divided into two groups, were required to find the emergency exit as soon as possible in a virtual hotel building because of a fire escape demand under condition 1 (VE without virtual fire, control group) and condition 2 (VE with virtual fire, treatment group). Compared to the control group, the treatment group induced significantly higher skin conductivity and heart rate, experienced more stress, took longer time to notice the evacuation signs, had quicker visual search and had a longer escape time to find the exit. These results indicated that the treatment condition induced higher physiological and psychological stress, and had influenced the escape behaviour compared to the control group. In practice, fire evacuation education and fire evacuation system design should consider the response characteristics in a fire emergency.
a Department of Industrial Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Automobile Safety and Energy , Tsinghua University , Beijing , China.
Fanxing
F
Meng
Wei
W
Zhang
D000328:Adult; D003463:Cues; D003657:Decision Making; D004630:Emergencies / Q000523:psychology*; D004924:Escape Reaction; D005260:Female; D005390:Fires; D005712:Galvanic Skin Response; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009949:Orientation; D065854:Spatial Navigation; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D055815:Young Adult
emergency; evacuation; stress; virtual environment; way-finding