Novel implant design improves implant survival in multirooted extraction sites: a preclinical pilot study.
BACKGROUND
The primary aim is to evaluate clinical, radiographic, and histologic parameters of novel implants with "three roots" design that were inserted into fresh multirooted extraction sockets. A secondary aim is to compare this new implant to standard root-form dental implants.


METHODS
Immediate implantation of novel or standard design 6 × 6-mm implants was performed bilaterally into multirooted sockets in mandibles of mini-pigs. Twelve weeks later, clinical, radiographic, stability, histomorphometric, and microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) analyses were performed.


RESULTS
Survival rates were significantly higher in the test implants compared with control (92.8% versus 33.3%, respectively; P <0.001). Bone loss was greater in the control compared with the test by sounding (mean 3.42 ± 0.68 versus 1.96 ± 0.34 mm) and radiography (mean 3.35 ± 0.62 versus 2.27 ± 0.33 mm). Histologic and micro-CT analyses demonstrated bone fill in the inner part of the test implants. Moreover, bone-to-implant contact was higher in the test implants (55.50% ± 3.68% versus 42.47% ± 9.89%). Contrary to the clinical, radiographic, and histomorphometric results, resonance frequency analysis measurements were greater in the control group (77.74 ± 3.21 implant stability quotient [ISQ]) compared with the test group (31.09 ± 0.28 ISQ), P = 0.008.


CONCLUSIONS
The novel design implants resulted in significantly greater survival rate in multirooted extraction sites. Further studies will be required to validate these findings.
Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate Dentistry, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.
Adi
A
Sivan-Gildor
Eli E
EE
Machtei
Eran
E
Gabay
Shai
S
Frankenthal
Liran
L
Levin
Marcelo
M
Suzuki
Paulo G
PG
Coelho
Hadar
H
Zigdon-Giladi
D000818:Animals; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000209:etiology; D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D017268:Dental Prosthesis Retention; D005260:Female; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D023421:Models, Animal; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D016300:Radiography, Bitewing; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000379:methods; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014732:Vibration; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography / Q000379:methods
D015921:Dental Implants
Dental implants; dental implant design; osseointegrated dental implant; short dental implant; survival rates; tooth socket