Improvement of preclinical animal models for autoimmune-mediated disorders via reverse translation of failed therapies.
The poor translational validity of autoimmune-mediated inflammatory disease (AIMID) models in inbred and specific pathogen-free (SPF) rodents underlies the high attrition of new treatments for the corresponding human disease. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a frequently used preclinical AIMID model. We discuss here how crucial information needed for the innovation of current preclinical models can be obtained from postclinical analysis of the nonhuman primate EAE model, highlighting the mechanistic reasons why some therapies fail and others succeed. These new insights can also help identify new targets for treatment.
Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Department of Immunobiology, Rijswijk, The Netherlands; University of Groningen, Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands; MS Center ErasMS, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: hart@bprc.nl.
Bert A
BA
't Hart
Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Department of Immunobiology, Rijswijk, The Netherlands; MS Center ErasMS, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
S Anwar
SA
Jagessar
Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Department of Immunobiology, Rijswijk, The Netherlands; MS Center ErasMS, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Immunology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Yolanda S
YS
Kap
Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Department of Immunobiology, Rijswijk, The Netherlands.
Krista G
KG
Haanstra
Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Department of Immunobiology, Rijswijk, The Netherlands.
Ingrid H C H M
IH
Philippens
MIRCen, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
Che
C
Serguera
Department of Animal Science, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands.
Jan
J
Langermans
Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Department of Immunobiology, Rijswijk, The Netherlands.
Michel
M
Vierboom
D000818:Animals; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015195:Drug Design; D004681:Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D011323:Primates; D012377:Rodentia; D013045:Species Specificity; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical / Q000379:methods