The Yariv reagent: behaviour in different solvents and interaction with a gum arabic arabinogalactan-protein.
The β-D-Glc Yariv reagent is frequently used to isolate and to study the structure of arabinogalactan-proteins with the arabinogalactan type II structure. The present paper describes the aggregation features of the Yariv reagent in water, salt solutions and in organic solvents as determined by NMR, absorption spectroscopy and light scattering experiments. The results indicate that in water the Yariv reagent forms aggregates of up to 300 units and in 1% aqueous NaCl the degree of aggregation is approx. 150. The aggregates are formed both by H-bonds and hydrophobic interactions, the former appearing to be of most importance in water. The interaction between the Yariv reagent and an AGP fraction from gum arabic, showed a degree of aggregation of the Yariv reagent when using 1% NaCl to be of approx. 150 units, whereas disruption of the aggregate took place in 10% NaCl with an aggregation number of approx. 100. Partial acid hydrolysis of an AGP from gum Arabic (Acacia Senegal) and analyses of the linkage types remaining indicated that a certain length of (1→3)-β-linked galactose units was necessary for binding between the Yariv reagent and the AGP. This is in accordance to what also was recently observed by Kitazawa et al. (2013).
Department of Pharmacy, Section Pharmacognosy, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: b.s.paulsen@farmasi.uio.no.
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BS
Paulsen
Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072 Queensland, Australia.
D J
DJ
Craik
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010 Victoria, Australia.
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DE
Dunstan
School of Biochemistry, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, 3083 Victoria, Australia.
B A
BA
Stone
ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, Plant Cell Biology Research Centre, School of Botany, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010 Victoria, Australia.
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A
Bacic
D004058:Diffusion; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000737:chemistry; D004126:Dimethylformamide / Q000737:chemistry; D005960:Glucosides / Q000737:chemistry*; D019791:Guanidine / Q000737:chemistry; D006170:Gum Arabic / Q000737:chemistry*; D009088:Mucoproteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D010696:Phloroglucinol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D014508:Urea / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
D005960:Glucosides; D009088:Mucoproteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012997:Solvents; C104977:Yariv reagent; C006619:arabinogalactan proteins; D014867:Water; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D004126:Dimethylformamide; D014508:Urea; D006170:Gum Arabic; D010696:Phloroglucinol; D019791:Guanidine; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide
Aggregation; Arabinogalactan-protein; Interaction; Yariv reagent