Immunotherapy for Alzheimer's disease: DNA- and protein-based epitope vaccines.
Active immunotherapy for Alzheimer's disease (AD) is aimed to induce antibodies specific to amyloid-beta (Aβ) that are capable to reduce the level of Aβ in the CNS of Alzheimer's disease patients. First clinical trial AN-1792 that was based on vaccination with full-length Aβ42 showed that safe and effective AD vaccine should induce high titers of anti-Aβ antibodies without activation of harmful autoreactive T cells. Replacement of self-T cell epitope with foreign epitope, keeping self-B cell epitope intact, may allow to induce high titers of anti-Aβ antibodies while avoiding the activation of T cells specific to Aβ. Here we describe the protocols for evaluation of AD DNA- or multiple antigenic peptide (MAP)-based epitope vaccines composed of Aβ(1-11) B cell epitope fused to synthetic T cell epitope PADRE (Aβ(1-11)-PADRE). All protocols could be used for testing any epitope vaccine constructed in your lab and composed of other T cell epitopes using the appropriate peptides in tests for evaluation of humoral and cellular immune responses.
Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, 16371 Gothard Street, Huntington Beach, CA, 92647, USA.
Hayk
H
Davtyan
Irina
I
Petrushina
Anahit
A
Ghochikyan
D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*; D000818:Animals; D000939:Epitopes / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D051379:Mice; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*
D000939:Epitopes; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit