Regulatory roles of tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced proteins (TNFAIPs) 3 and 9 in arthritis.
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) have proved to be important in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) because the outcome of RA has greatly improved with the recent availability of biologics targeting them. It is well accepted that these cytokines are involved in the activation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway, but our understanding of the dependency of these pro-inflammatory cytokines and the link between them in RA is currently limited. Recently, we and others proved the importance of TNFα-induced protein (TNFAIP), due to the spontaneous development of arthritis in deficient animals that are dependent on IL-6. To date, nine TNFAIPs have been identified, and TNFAIP3 and TNFAIP9 were found to be clearly associated with mouse and human arthritis. In this review, we compare and discuss recent TNFAIP topics, especially focusing on TNFAIP3 and TNFAIP9 in autoimmune arthritis in mice and humans.
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan. Electronic address: ismatsu@md.tsukuba.ac.jp.
Isao
I
Matsumoto
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan.
Asuka
A
Inoue
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan.
Chinatsu
C
Takai
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan.
Naoto
N
Umeda
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan.
Yuki
Y
Tanaka
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan.
Yuko
Y
Kurashima
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan.
Takayuki
T
Sumida
D000818:Animals; D001168:Arthritis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D000072598:Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha-Induced Protein 3
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C076529:TNFAIP3 protein, human; D000072598:Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha-Induced Protein 3
IL-6;; Rheumatoid arthritis;; TNFAIP3;; TNFAIP9; TNFα;