Characteristics and performance of aerobic granular sludge treating rubber wastewater at different hydraulic retention time.
The influence of hydraulic retention time (HRT, 24, 12, and 6h) on the physical characteristics of granules and performance of a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) treating rubber wastewater was investigated. Results showed larger granular sludge formation at HRT of 6h with a mean size of 2.0±0.1mm, sludge volume index of 20.1mLg(-1), settling velocity of 61mh(-1), density of 78.2gL(-1) and integrity coefficient of 9.54. Scanning electron microscope analyses revealed different morphology of microorganisms and structural features of granules when operated at various HRT. The results also demonstrated that up to 98.4% COD reduction was achieved when the reactor was operated at low HRT (6h). Around 92.7% and 89.5% removal efficiency was noted for ammonia and total nitrogen in the granular SBR system during the treatment of rubber wastewater.
Institute of Environmental and Water Resource Management (IPASA), WATER Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia. Electronic address: nhasyimah9@gmail.com.
Noor Hasyimah
NH
Rosman
Institute of Environmental and Water Resource Management (IPASA), WATER Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia. Electronic address: aznah@utm.my.
Aznah
A
Nor Anuar
Institute of Environmental and Water Resource Management (IPASA), WATER Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
Shreeshivadasan
S
Chelliapan
Institute of Environmental and Water Resource Management (IPASA), WATER Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
Mohd Fadhil
MF
Md Din
Institute of Environmental and Water Resource Management (IPASA), WATER Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
Zaini
Z
Ujang
D000332:Aerobiosis; D019149:Bioreactors; D007220:Industrial Waste; D012408:Rubber; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry*; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*
D007220:Industrial Waste; D012722:Sewage; D012408:Rubber
Aerobic granular sludge; Hydraulic retention time; Rubber wastewater; Sequencing batch reactor