Metabolic headaches.
This article discusses headaches secondary to disorders of homeostasis, which include headaches attributed to (1) hypoxia and/or hypercapnia (high-altitude, diving, or sleep apnea), (2) dialysis, (3) arterial hypertension (pheochromocytoma, hypertensive crisis without hypertensive encephalopathy, hypertensive encephalopathy, preeclampsia or eclampsia, or autonomic dysreflexia), (4) hypothyroidism, (5) fasting, (6) cardiac cephalalgia, and (7) other disorder of homeostasis. Clinical features and diagnosis as well as therapeutic strategies are discussed for each headache type.
Division of Pediatric Neurology, Hospital for Sick Children, Women's College Hospital, University of Toronto, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G1X8, Canada.
Ana Marissa
AM
Lagman-Bartolome
Gladstone Headache Clinic, 1333 Sheppard Avenue East, Suite 122, Toronto, ON M2J 1V1, Canada. Electronic address: jon.gladstone@utoronto.ca.
Jonathan
J
Gladstone
D000368:Aged; D006261:Headache / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D006935:Hypercapnia / Q000150:complications; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
Cardiac cephalalgia; Dialysis; Fasting; Homeostasis; Hypertension; Hypothyroidism; Hypoxia