A respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine based on parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5).
Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of severe respiratory disease and hospitalizations in infants and young children. It also causes significant morbidity and mortality in elderly and immune compromised individuals. No licensed vaccine currently exists. Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5) is a paramyxovirus that causes no known human illness and has been used as a platform for vector-based vaccine development. To evaluate the efficacy of PIV5 as a RSV vaccine vector, we generated two recombinant PIV5 viruses - one expressing the fusion (F) protein and the other expressing the attachment glycoprotein (G) of RSV strain A2 (RSV A2). The vaccine strains were used separately for single-dose vaccinations in BALB/c mice. The results showed that both vaccines induced RSV antigen-specific antibody responses, with IgG2a/IgG1 ratios similar to those seen in wild-type RSV A2 infection. After challenging the vaccinated mice with RSV A2, histopathology of lung sections showed that the vaccines did not exacerbate lung lesions relative to RSV A2-immunized mice. Importantly, both F and G vaccines induced protective immunity. Therefore, PIV5 presents an attractive platform for vector-based vaccines against RSV infection.
Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States.
Shannon I
SI
Phan
Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States.
Zhenhai
Z
Chen
Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States; Intercollege Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States.
Pei
P
Xu
Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States.
Zhuo
Z
Li
Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States.
Xiudan
X
Gao
Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States.
Stephanie L
SL
Foster
Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, TampaFL 33612, United States.
Michael N
MN
Teng
Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States.
Ralph A
RA
Tripp
Department of Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States.
Kaori
K
Sakamoto
Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States. Electronic address: bhe@uga.edu.
Biao
B
He
D000818:Animals; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000097:blood; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D045402:Parainfluenza Virus 5 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022261:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D018113:Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; C526850:F protein, human respiratory syncytial virus; C502275:G glycoprotein, Respiratory syncytial virus; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D022261:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins
Parainfluenza virus 5; Respiratory syncytial virus; Vaccine