Centrifugal spreader mass and nutrients distribution patterns for application of fresh and aged poultry litter.
A spin-type centrifugal spreader was evaluated using fresh and aged poultry litter upon dry mass, product nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), incubation study soil available N and particle size distribution patterns. Relative to the aged litter (37% moisture content), the fresh litter (17% moisture content) had greater <1.00 mm particle size fraction weights and atmospheric particulate was launched, which posed as a potential fallout to adjacent fields, waterways and residences. Relative to the aged litter, the broadcast fresh litter resulted in higher coefficients of variation (CV) over its transverse distance, a narrower calculated space distance between passes for uniform spread and lower soil available N concentrations. For nitrogen application over the broadcast transverse distance the fresh litter displayed a high R(2) best fit 4th order polynomial distribution pattern, while the aged litter showed high R(2) best fit 6th order polynomial distribution pattern. A soil incubation study of the fresh and aged broadcast litter resulted in a more variable or lower R(2) best fit 2nd order polynomial distribution pattern. For both the fresh and aged litter, the calculated distance between passes to achieve a uniform mass distribution was greater than that required for the broadcast of soil available N. For the fresh litter, the soil available N and litter P concentration levels strongly correlated (relatively high p and R(2) values) with the <1.00 mm fraction weight, while for the aged litter this relationship was not as significant. In addition to reducing the health risk (i.e. pathogens, antibiotic residues and resistant bacteria) and/or environment issues (particulate fallout onto waterways, adjacent fields and/or residences) our study mass, particulate and N distribution patterns results suggest that poultry litter should be allowed to age before broadcast application is attempted.
Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, MCML 185 - 2357 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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Temple
University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland. Electronic address: monika.skowronska@up.lublin.pl.
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Skowrońska
Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, MCML 185 - 2357 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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Bomke
D000383:Agriculture / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D000818:Animals; D005308:Fertilizers / Q000032:analysis*; D008372:Manure; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis*; D010316:Particle Size; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis*; D011188:Potassium / Q000032:analysis*; D011200:Poultry
D005308:Fertilizers; D008372:Manure; D010758:Phosphorus; D009584:Nitrogen; D011188:Potassium
Distribution patterns for mass and nutrients; Poultry litter; Spin-type spreader