Chemical cleaning/disinfection and ageing of organic UF membranes: a review.
Membrane separation processes have become a basic unit operation for process design and product development. These processes are used in a variety of separation and concentration steps, but in all cases, the membranes must be cleaned regularly to remove both organic and inorganic material deposited on the surface and/or into the membrane bulk. Cleaning/disinfection is a vital step in maintaining the permeability and selectivity of the membrane in order to get the plant to its original capacity, to minimize risks of bacteriological contamination, and to make acceptable products. For this purpose, a large number of chemical cleaning/disinfection agents are commercially available. In general, these cleaning/disinfection agents have to improve the membrane flux to a certain extent. However, they can also cause irreversible damages in membrane properties and performances over the long term. Until now, there is considerably less literature dedicated to membrane ageing than to cleaning/disinfection. The knowledge in cleaning/disinfection efficiency has recently been improved. But in order to develop optimized cleaning/disinfection protocols there still remains a challenge to better understand membrane ageing. In order to compensate for the lack of correlated cleaning/disinfection and ageing data from the literature, this paper investigates cleaning/disinfection efficiencies and ageing damages of organic ultrafiltration membranes. The final aim is to provide less detrimental cleaning/disinfection procedures and to propose some guidelines which should have been taken into consideration in term of membrane ageing studies. To carry out this study, this article will detail the background of cleaning/disinfection and aging membrane topics in a first introductive part. In a second part, key factors and endpoints of cleaning/disinfection and aging membranes will be discussed deeply: the membrane role and the cleaning parameters roles, such as water quality, storing conditions, cleaning/disinfection/aging agents/conditions/protocols. The third and last part will be developed the parameters, methods and ways of characterization at our disposal and commonly used to develop and implement membrane cleaning and/or ageing studies.
Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, M2P2 UMR 7340, Equipe Procédés Membranaires (EPM), Europôle de l'Arbois, BP80, Pavillon Laennec, Hall C, 13545 Aix en Provence Cedex 04, France; ECOLAB, 8 rue Rouget de Lisle, 92442 Issy les Moulineaux Cedex, France.
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Regula
Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, M2P2 UMR 7340, Equipe Procédés Membranaires (EPM), Europôle de l'Arbois, BP80, Pavillon Laennec, Hall C, 13545 Aix en Provence Cedex 04, France.
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Carretier
Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, M2P2 UMR 7340, Equipe Procédés Membranaires (EPM), Europôle de l'Arbois, BP80, Pavillon Laennec, Hall C, 13545 Aix en Provence Cedex 04, France.
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Wyart
INRA, UMR1253 Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'Œuf, 35000 Rennes, France; AGROCAMPUS OUEST, UMR1253 Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'Œuf, 35000 Rennes, France.
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Gésan-Guiziou
ECOLAB, 8 rue Rouget de Lisle, 92442 Issy les Moulineaux Cedex, France.
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Vincent
ECOLAB, 8 rue Rouget de Lisle, 92442 Issy les Moulineaux Cedex, France.
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Boudot
Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, M2P2 UMR 7340, Equipe Procédés Membranaires (EPM), Europôle de l'Arbois, BP80, Pavillon Laennec, Hall C, 13545 Aix en Provence Cedex 04, France. Electronic address: philippe.moulin@univ-amu.fr.
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Moulin
D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods*; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D013997:Time Factors; D014462:Ultrafiltration / Q000295:instrumentation*
D008567:Membranes, Artificial
Chemical ageing; Cleaning/disinfection efficiency; Cleaning/disinfection protocol; Ultrafiltration membrane