Codon sextets with leading role of serine create "ideal" symmetry classification scheme of the genetic code.
The standard classification scheme of the genetic code is organized for alphabetic ordering of nucleotides. Here we introduce the new, "ideal" classification scheme in compact form, for the first time generated by codon sextets encoding Ser, Arg and Leu amino acids. The new scheme creates the known purine/pyrimidine, codon-anticodon, and amino/keto type symmetries and a novel A+U rich/C+G rich symmetry. This scheme is built from "leading" and "nonleading" groups of 32 codons each. In the ensuing 4 × 16 scheme, based on trinucleotide quadruplets, Ser has a central role as initial generator. Six codons encoding Ser and six encoding Arg extend continuously along a linear array in the "leading" group, and together with four of six Leu codons uniquely define construction of the "leading" group. The remaining two Leu codons enable construction of the "nonleading" group. The "ideal" genetic code suggests the evolution of genetic code with serine as an initiator.
Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Zrinski trg 11, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Marija
M
Rosandić
Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Zrinski trg 11, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Bijenička 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. Electronic address: paar@hazu.hr.
Vladimir
V
Paar
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence / Q000502:physiology; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence / Q000502:physiology; D003062:Codon / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005815:Genetic Code / Q000235:genetics*; D008957:Models, Genetic; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D012694:Serine / Q000235:genetics
D000596:Amino Acids; D003062:Codon; D012694:Serine
Amino acids; Codon sextets; Codon symmetries; Evolution; Genetic code