The genome of an influenza virus from a pilot whale: relation to influenza viruses of gulls and marine mammals.
Influenza virus A/whale/Maine/328B/1984 (H13N2) was isolated from a diseased pilot whale. Since only a partial sequence was available, its complete genome was sequenced and compared to the sequences of subtype H13 influenza viruses from shorebirds and various influenza viruses of marine mammals. The data reveal a rare genotype constellation with all gene segments derived of an influenza virus adapted to gulls, terns and waders. In contrast, the phylogenetic trees indicate that the majority of influenza viruses isolated from marine mammals derived from influenza viruses adapted to geese and ducks. We conclude that A/whale/Maine/328B/1984 is the first record of an infection of a marine mammal from a gull-origin influenza virus.
Genome Research, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Leibniz Institute of Age Research, Beutenbergstr. 11, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
Marco
M
Groth
Department of Virology and Antiviral Therapy, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Hans-Knoell-Str. 2, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
Jeannette
J
Lange
Institute of Medical Virology, Justus Liebig University, Schubertstrasse 81, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
Pumaree
P
Kanrai
Institute of Medical Virology, Justus Liebig University, Schubertstrasse 81, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
Stephan
S
Pleschka
Institute of Medical Virology, Justus Liebig University, Schubertstrasse 81, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
Christoph
C
Scholtissek
Institute for Infection Medicine, Christian Albrecht University of Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Brunswiker Str. 4, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.
Andi
A
Krumbholz
Genome Research, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Leibniz Institute of Age Research, Beutenbergstr. 11, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
Matthias
M
Platzer
Department of Virology and Antiviral Therapy, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Hans-Knoell-Str. 2, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
Andreas
A
Sauerbrei
Department of Virology and Antiviral Therapy, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Hans-Knoell-Str. 2, D-07745 Jena, Germany. Electronic address: roland.zell@med.uni-jena.de.
Roland
R
Zell
D000818:Animals; D059001:Aquatic Organisms / Q000821:virology; D001483:Base Sequence; D046091:Charadriiformes / Q000821:virology*; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000821:virology*; D008386:Marine Biology; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D050686:Whales, Pilot / Q000821:virology*
D012367:RNA, Viral
Avian influenza virus; Influenza virus ecology; Pinnipeds; Whale