Heterologous protection against alpha toxins of Clostridium perfringens and Staphylococcus aureus induced by binding domain recombinant chimeric protein.
Clostridium perfringens and Staphylococcus aureus are the two important bacteria frequently associated with majority of the soft tissue infections. The severity and progression of the diseases caused by these pathogens are attributed primarily to the alpha toxins they produce. Previously, we synthesized a non-toxic chimeric molecule r-αCS encompassing the binding domains of C. perfringens and S. aureus alpha toxins and demonstrated that the r-αCS hyperimmune polysera reacts with both the native wild type toxins. In the present report, we evaluated efficacy of r-αCS in conferring protection against C. perfringens and S. aureus alpha toxin infections in murine model. Immunization of BALB/c with r-αCS was effective in inducing both high titers of serum anti-r-αCS antibodies after three administrations. Sub-typing the antibody pool revealed high proportions of IgG1 indicating a Th2-polarized immune response. The r-αCS stimulated the proliferation of splenocytes from the immunized mice upon re-induction by the antigen, in vitro. The levels of interleukin-10 increased while TNF-α was found to be downregulated in the r-αCS induced splenocytes. Mice immunized with r-αCS were protected against intramuscular challenge with 5×LD100 doses of C. perfringens and S. aureus alpha toxins with >80% survival, which killed control animals within 48-72h. Passive immunization of mice with anti-r-αCS serum resulted in 50-80% survival. Our results indicate that r-αCS is a remarkable antigen with protective efficacy against alpha toxin mediated C. perfringens and S. aureus soft tissue co-infections.
Defence Food Research Laboratory, Siddarthnagar, Mysore 570011, Karnataka, India. Electronic address: meetsivaram@gmail.com.
Siva R
SR
Uppalapati
Defence Food Research Laboratory, Siddarthnagar, Mysore 570011, Karnataka, India. Electronic address: josephkingston@yahoo.com.
Joseph J
JJ
Kingston
Defence Food Research Laboratory, Siddarthnagar, Mysore 570011, Karnataka, India. Electronic address: drmuralihs@yahoo.co.in.
Harishchandra S
HS
Murali
Defence Food Research Laboratory, Siddarthnagar, Mysore 570011, Karnataka, India. Electronic address: drharshvardhanbatra@gmail.com.
Harsh V
HV
Batra
D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000276:immunology*; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D003015:Clostridium Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003016:Clostridium perfringens / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007116:Immunization, Passive; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000276:immunology; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology; D010738:Type C Phospholipases / Q000276:immunology*
D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C021091:staphylococcal alpha-toxin; D016753:Interleukin-10; D010738:Type C Phospholipases; C040649:alpha toxin, Clostridium perfringens
Alpha toxin; Clostridium perfringens; Heterologous protection; Staphylococcus aureus