Long-term management of gout: nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic therapies.
Gout is a common disorder with clinical signs and symptoms resulting from inflammatory responses to monosodium urate crystals deposited in tissues from extracellular fluids saturated for urate. Long-term management of gout focuses on nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic means to achieve and maintain serum urate levels in a subsaturating range. Despite a firm understanding of gout pathophysiology, means to achieve certain diagnosis, and a variety of effective therapies, treatment outcomes remain suboptimal. In this review, available nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic therapies for chronic gout are discussed and a framework is provided for successful achievement and maintenance of goal-range serum urate levels.
Section of Rheumatology, The University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 0930, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Yashaar
Y
Chaichian
Section of Rheumatology, The University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 0930, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Saima
S
Chohan
Section of Rheumatology, The University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 0930, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. Electronic address: mbecker@medicine.bsd.uchicago.edu.
Michael A
MA
Becker
D000493:Allopurinol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001553:Benzbromarone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002908:Chronic Disease; D000069465:Febuxostat; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D006073:Gout / Q000628:therapy*; D006074:Gout Suppressants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000628:therapy*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014503:Urate Oxidase / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014528:Uricosuric Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D006074:Gout Suppressants; D013844:Thiazoles; D014528:Uricosuric Agents; D000069465:Febuxostat; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D001553:Benzbromarone; D000493:Allopurinol; D014503:Urate Oxidase; C031545:Pegloticase
Allopurinol; Febuxostat; Gout; Hyperuricemia; Pegloticase; Risk reduction; Urate-lowering therapy; Uricosuric agents