Investigating dengue virus nonstructural protein 5 (NS5) nuclear import.
Dengue virus (DENV) nonstructural protein 5 (NS5) plays a central role in viral replication in the cytoplasm of infected cells. Despite this, NS5 is predominantly located in the nucleus of infected cells where it is thought to play a role in suppression of the host antiviral response. We have investigated the nuclear localization of NS5 using immunofluorescent staining for NS5 in infected cells, showing that NS5 nuclear localization is significantly inhibited by Ivermectin, a general inhibitor of nuclear transport mediated by the cellular nuclear transport proteins importin α/β (IMPα/β). Experiments in living mammalian cells transfected to express green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged NS5 protein confirm that NS5 is predominantly nuclear and that this localization is inhibited by Ivermectin, demonstrating that NS5 contains an Ivermectin-sensitive IMPα/β-recognized nuclear localization signal [Pryor et al. Traffic 8:795-807, 2007]. Consistent with this observation, mutation of critical residues within the nuclear localization signal (the A2 mutant; [Pryor et al. Traffic 8:795-807, 2007]) results in an 80 % reduction in nuclear localization of NS5. Finally we demonstrate direct, high-affinity binding of NS5 to IMPα/β using an AlphaScreen protein-protein binding assay.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nuclear Signaling Laboratory, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.
Johanna E
JE
Fraser
Stephen M
SM
Rawlinson
Chunxiao
C
Wang
David A
DA
Jans
Kylie M
KM
Wagstaff
D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects; D000330:Aedes; D000818:Animals; D019921:Biotinylation / Q000187:drug effects; D019556:COS Cells; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D003716:Dengue Virus / Q000737:chemistry*; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000494:pharmacology; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014162:Transfection; D014709:Vero Cells; D019562:Viral Load; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010948:Viral Plaque Assay
C582223:NS5 protein, dengue virus; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins; D007559:Ivermectin