title: In vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of Arnebia benthamii (Wall ex. G. Don): a critically endangered medicinal plant of Kashmir Valley.
abstract: Arnebia benthamii is a major ingredient of the commercial drug available under the name Gaozaban, which has antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing properties. In the present study, in vitro antioxidant and anticancer activity of different extracts of Arnebia benthamii were investigated. Antioxidant potential of plant extracts was evaluated by means of total phenolics, DPPH, reducing power, microsomal lipid peroxidation, and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. The highest phenolic content (TPC) of 780 mg GAE/g was observed in ethyl acetate, while the lowest TPC of 462 mg GAE/g was achieved in aqueous extract. At concentration of 700 µg/mL, DPPH radical scavenging activity was found to be highest in ethyl acetate extract (87.99%) and lowest in aqueous extract (73%). The reducing power of extracts increased in a concentration dependent manner. We also observed its inhibition on Fe(2+)/ascorbic acid-induced lipid peroxidation (LPO) on rat liver microsomes in vitro. In addition, Arnebia benthamii extracts exhibited antioxidant effects on Calf thymus DNA damage induced by Fenton reaction. Cytotoxicity of the extracts (10-100 µg/mL) was tested on five human cancer cell lines (lung, prostate, leukemia, colon, and pancreatic cell lines) using the Sulphorhodamine B assay.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, India.
authors.forename: Showkat Ahmad
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ganie
authors.affiliation: Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, India.
authors.forename: Tanveer Ali
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Dar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, India.
authors.forename: Rabia
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2008-4841
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hamid
authors.affiliation: Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, India.
authors.forename: Ovais
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Zargar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, India.
authors.forename: Shayaq
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ul Abeer
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, India.
authors.forename: Akbar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Masood
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, India.
authors.forename: Shajrul
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Amin
authors.affiliation: Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, India.
authors.forename: Mohammad Afzal
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Zargar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D028082:Boraginaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004249:DNA Damage; D056727:Endangered Species; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000494:pharmacology; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D007194:India; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000494:pharmacology; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D010851:Picrates / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010636:Phenols; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D017239:Paclitaxel; D005472:Fluorouracil
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