title: Melatonin prevents chemical-induced haemopoietic cell death.
abstract: Melatonin (MEL), a methoxyindole synthesized by the pineal gland, is a powerful antioxidant in tissues as well as within cells, with a fundamental role in ameliorating homeostasis in a number of specific pathologies. It acts both as a direct radical scavenger and by stimulating production/activity of intracellular antioxidant enzymes. In this work, some chemical triggers, with different mechanisms of action, have been chosen to induce cell death in U937 hematopoietic cell line. Cells were pre-treated with 100 µM MEL and then exposed to hydrogen peroxide or staurosporine. Morphological analyses, TUNEL reaction and Orange/PI double staining have been used to recognize ultrastructural apoptotic patterns and to evaluate DNA behavior. Chemical damage and potential MEL anti-apoptotic effects were quantified by means of Tali® Image-Based Cytometer, able to monitor cell viability and apoptotic events. After trigger exposure, chromatin condensation, micronuclei formation and DNA fragmentation have been observed, all suggesting apoptotic cell death. These events underwent a statistically significant decrease in samples pre-treated with MEL. After caspase inhibition and subsequent assessment of cell viability, we demonstrated that apoptosis occurs, at least in part, through the mitochondrial pathway and that MEL interacts at this level to rescue U937 cells from death.
authors.affiliation: DiSTeVA, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino 61029, Italy. sara.salucci@uniurb.it.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Salucci
authors.affiliation: DiSTeVA, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino 61029, Italy. sabrina.burattini@uniurb.it.
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Burattini
authors.affiliation: DiSTeVA, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino 61029, Italy. michela.battistelli@uniurb.it.
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Battistelli
authors.affiliation: DiSTeVA, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino 61029, Italy. valentina.baldassarri@uniurb.it.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Baldassarri
authors.affiliation: DiSTeVA, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino 61029, Italy. davide.curzi@uniurb.it.
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Curzi
authors.affiliation: IGM, CNR, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna 40136, Italy. valmori@area.bo.cnr.it.
authors.forename: Aurelio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valmori
authors.affiliation: DiSTeVA, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino 61029, Italy. valmori@area.bo.cnr.it.
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Falcieri
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D053837:DNA Cleavage / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000633:toxicity*; D008550:Melatonin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D019311:Staurosporine / Q000633:toxicity*; D020298:U937 Cells
chemical_list: D004247:DNA; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D019311:Staurosporine; D008550:Melatonin
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