title: Mix and match of KPC-2 encoding plasmids in Enterobacteriaceae-comparative genomics.
abstract: We performed comparative sequence analysis of 3 blaKPC-2 encoding plasmids to examine evolution of these plasmids and their dissemination. We found that all of them have an IncN replicon with a newly determined IncN plasmid sequence type (ST), ST15. The 2 Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPN) plasmids also harbor an IncF2A1-B1- replicon. The blaKPC-2 is located in the Tn4401c transposon with a newly discovered mutation in the P2 promoter. Screening of the 27 additional blaKPC-2 carrying plasmids from Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli (EC), and K. pneumoniae showed that: all KPN and EC plasmids are IncN plasmids belonging to ST15; 4/7 KPN and 1/6 EC plasmids contain an additional IncF2A1-B1- replicon; all Enterobacter plasmids belong to neither IncN nor IncF2A1-B1- replicon plasmids; 6/7 KPN and 2/5 EC plasmids carry the mutated P2 promoter. Study of the blaKPC-2 environment, transposon, pMLST, and Inc group suggests transposon and plasmid inter- and intra-species dissemination and evolution.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Laboratory, Division of Epidemiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv 64239, Israel.
authors.forename: Inna
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Chmelnitsky
authors.affiliation: Molecular Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Laboratory, Division of Epidemiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv 64239, Israel.
authors.forename: Maya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shklyar
authors.affiliation: Molecular Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Laboratory, Division of Epidemiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv 64239, Israel.
authors.forename: Azita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leavitt
authors.affiliation: Molecular Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Laboratory, Division of Epidemiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv 64239, Israel.
authors.forename: Evgeniya
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sadovsky
authors.affiliation: Molecular Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Laboratory, Division of Epidemiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv 64239, Israel; Molecular Biology Department, Ariel University, 44837, Ariel, Israel.
authors.forename: Shiri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Navon-Venezia
authors.affiliation: Molecular Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Laboratory, Division of Epidemiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv 64239, Israel.
authors.forename: Maayan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ben Dalak
authors.affiliation: Molecular Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Laboratory, Division of Epidemiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv 64239, Israel.
authors.forename: Rotem
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Edgar
authors.affiliation: Molecular Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Laboratory, Division of Epidemiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv 64239, Israel. Electronic address: yehudac@tlvmc.gov.il.
authors.forename: Yehuda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Carmeli
mesh_terms: D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D016972:Enterobacter cloacae / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D023281:Genomics; D006801:Humans; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010957:Plasmids / Q000145:classification*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012093:Replicon; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; C491478:beta-lactamase KPC-2; D001618:beta-Lactamases
keywords: Enterobacteriaceae; KPC; P2 promoter; Tn4401