title: ROR1, an embryonic protein with an emerging role in cancer biology.
abstract: Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) is a member of the ROR family consisting of ROR1 and ROR2. RORs contain two distinct extracellular cysteine-rich domains and one transmembrane domain. Within the intracellular portion, ROR1 possesses a tyrosine kinase domain, two serine/threonine-rich domains and a proline-rich domain. RORs have been studied in the context of embryonic patterning and neurogenesis through a variety of homologs. These physiologic functions are dichotomous based on the requirement of the kinase domain. A growing literature has established ROR1 as a marker for cancer, such as in CLL and other blood malignancies. In addition, ROR1 is critically involved in progression of a number of blood and solid malignancies. ROR1 has been shown to inhibit apoptosis, potentiate EGFR signaling, and induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Importantly, ROR1 is only detectable in embryonic tissue and generally absent in adult tissue, making the protein an ideal drug target for cancer therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Borcherding
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kusner
authors.forename: Guang-Hui
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Weizhou
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D047108:Embryonic Development; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology*; D057050:Receptor Tyrosine Kinase-like Orphan Receptors / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C078716:ROR1 protein, human; D057050:Receptor Tyrosine Kinase-like Orphan Receptors
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