title: Phagocytic cells contribute to the antibody-mediated elimination of pulmonary-infected SARS coronavirus.
abstract: While the 2002-2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) resulted in 774 deaths, patients who were affected with mild pulmonary symptoms successfully recovered. The objective of the present work was to identify, using SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) mouse infection models, immune factors responsible for clearing of the virus. The elimination of pulmonary SARS-CoV infection required the activation of B cells by CD4(+) T cells. Furthermore, passive immunization (post-infection) with homologous (murine) anti-SARS-CoV antiserum showed greater elimination efficacy against SARS-CoV than that with heterologous (rabbit) antiserum, despite the use of equivalent titers of neutralizing antibodies. This distinction was mediated by mouse phagocytic cells (monocyte-derived infiltrating macrophages and partially alveolar macrophages, but not neutrophils), as demonstrated both by adoptive transfer from donors and by immunological depletion of selected cell types. These results indicate that the cooperation of anti-SARS-CoV antibodies and phagocytic cells plays an important role in the elimination of SARS-CoV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan.
authors.forename: Fumihiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yasui
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan. Electronic address: kohara-mc@igakuken.or.jp.
authors.forename: Michinori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kohara
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitabatake
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishiwaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.affiliation: PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., 3-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739-0046, Japan.
authors.forename: Chise
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tateno
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Animal Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.
authors.forename: Misako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoneda
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
authors.forename: Kouichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Kouji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsushima
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Laboratory for Immune Cell System, RCAI, RIKEN Research Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS-RCAI), 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koyasu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Animal Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.
authors.forename: Chieko
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kai
mesh_terms: D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D000818:Animals; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000276:immunology; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D007116:Immunization, Passive; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016513:Mice, SCID; D010586:Phagocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D045473:Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / Q000276:immunology*; D045169:Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D000914:Antibodies, Viral
keywords: Antibody; B cells; CD4(+) T cells; Elimination; Phagocytic cells; SARS-CoV
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