title: The relationship between brain structure and cognition in transfused preterm children at school age.
abstract: Examine the relationship between brain structure and cognition in preterm children randomly assigned to a liberal red blood cell (RBC) transfusion strategy as neonates. Intelligence, achievement, and neuropsychological measures were assessed and structural imaging was obtained (n = 26; 38% male). Global brain volumes were related to cognitive outcome. Additionally, females performed lower on verbal fluency; lower performance was related to temporal white matter volume. Findings provide possible evidence of the adverse effect of a liberal RBC transfusion strategy in which females had decreased temporal lobe white matter directly related to poor verbal fluency.
authors.affiliation: a Hope Springs Behavioral Consultants, PLC (Private Practice) , Coralville , Iowa.
authors.forename: Thomasin E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: McCoy
authors.forename: Amy L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Conrad
authors.forename: Lynn C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Richman
authors.forename: Jane E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Brumbaugh
authors.forename: Vincent A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Magnotta
authors.forename: Edward F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: Peggy C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Nopoulos
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000473:pathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D017707:Erythrocyte Transfusion / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006400:Hematocrit / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007360:Intelligence; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D059906:Neuroimaging; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D047928:Premature Birth; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D012737:Sex Factors
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