title: Phytochemicals in date co-products and their antioxidant activity.
abstract: The date agro-industry needs to find appropriate techniques to give value to their co-products. This study analyzes twelve intermediate food products (IFPs) from date co-products, Medjool and Confitera cv. at several ripening stages, blanched and unblanched, for their content in bioactive compounds (phenols, tannins, flavonoids, carotenoids and anthocyanins) and the antioxidant activity (AA). IFPs from the more unripe stages had the highest AA and phytochemicals content, mainly phenols, up to 1.4 g GAE/100 g, with high proportions of tannins. Flavonoids were found in high amounts, up to 874 mg RE/100 g. Among the AA are significant the antiradical efficiency (4.62 mM TE/100 g) and chelating activity (252 μM EDTA/100 g). Blanching was beneficial for Confitera IFPs. A positive correlation was found between phenols, tannins and flavonoids and the AA; and their content could be used as indicator of the AA. Date IFPs have potential use as an antioxidant functional ingredient.
authors.affiliation: IPOA Research Group (Grupo 1-UMH, Grupo REVIV-Generalitat Valenciana), AgroFood Technology Department, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela, Miguel Hernández University, Ctra. Beniel, Km 3.2, Orihuela, Alicante E-03312, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana María
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Martín-Sánchez
authors.affiliation: IPOA Research Group (Grupo 1-UMH, Grupo REVIV-Generalitat Valenciana), AgroFood Technology Department, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela, Miguel Hernández University, Ctra. Beniel, Km 3.2, Orihuela, Alicante E-03312, Spain; Agronomic Superior Research and Teaching Institute, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Sarra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cherif
authors.affiliation: Agronomic Superior Research and Teaching Institute, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Jamel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ben-Abda
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación Operativa, Miguel Hernández University, Spain.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Barber-Vallés
authors.affiliation: IPOA Research Group (Grupo 1-UMH, Grupo REVIV-Generalitat Valenciana), AgroFood Technology Department, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela, Miguel Hernández University, Ctra. Beniel, Km 3.2, Orihuela, Alicante E-03312, Spain; Cátedra Palmeral de Elche. Miguel Hernández University, Spain. Electronic address: ja.perez@umh.es.
authors.forename: José Ángel
authors.initials: JÁ
authors.lastname: Pérez-Álvarez
authors.affiliation: IPOA Research Group (Grupo 1-UMH, Grupo REVIV-Generalitat Valenciana), AgroFood Technology Department, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela, Miguel Hernández University, Ctra. Beniel, Km 3.2, Orihuela, Alicante E-03312, Spain; Cátedra Palmeral de Elche. Miguel Hernández University, Spain.
authors.forename: Estrella
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sayas-Barberá
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000032:analysis; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000032:analysis; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D004530:Egg Yolk; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D065749:Phoeniceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000032:analysis; D010851:Picrates / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D013634:Tannins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D002614:Chelating Agents; D005419:Flavonoids; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010636:Phenols; D064209:Phytochemicals; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013634:Tannins; D002338:Carotenoids; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D007501:Iron
keywords: Antioxidant activity; Bioactive compounds; Co-products; Date palm; Intermediate food products