title: Hypereosinophilic syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To summarize the identified molecular and cellular mechanisms relevant to clinicians evaluating patients with hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES).
  
  
  METHODS
  Review of relevant peer-reviewed literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  Studies on the pathogenesis of HES in relation to consensus definitions, disease classification, mechanisms of disease, and diagnosis and treatment are included.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Changes to the definition of HES have been proposed based on recent studies identifying specific cellular and molecular disease phenotypes. Identification of specific mechanisms of disease may have clinical and therapeutic significance. Despite recent advances, in most cases the molecular pathogenesis of HES remains unknown.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Identification of specific HES disease mechanisms empowers the practicing clinician to offer specific mechanism-based treatment options to patients with HES in their clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Allergy and Immunology, Respiratory Institute, Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio. Electronic address: hsiehf@ccf.org.
authors.forename: Fred H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Hsieh
mesh_terms: D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D017681:Hypereosinophilic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D008232:Lymphoproliferative Disorders / Q000209:etiology*