title: Narrowing sex differences in lipoprotein cholesterol subclasses following mid-life: the very large database of lipids (VLDL-10B).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Women have less risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease compared with men up until midlife (ages 50 to 60), after which the gap begins to narrow post menopause. We hypothesized that the average lipid profile of women undergoes unfavorable changes compared with men after midlife.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We examined lipids by sex and age in the Very Large Database of Lipids 10B (VLDL 10B) study. The analysis included 1 350 908 unique consecutive patients clinically referred for lipoprotein testing by density gradient ultracentrifugation from 2009 to 2011. Ratio variables were created for density subclasses of LDL-C, HDL-C, and VLDL-C (LLDR, LHDR, LVDR, respectively). Men showed higher median LDL-C values than women for ages 20 to 59, with the greatest difference in their 30s: 146 mg/dL in men versus 130 mg/dL in women. In contrast, women consistently had higher values after midlife (age 60), for example ages 70 to 79: 129 mg/dL in women versus 112 mg/dL in men. After age 50, women had higher LDL-C each decade, for example 14% higher from their 30s to 50s, while HDL-C concentrations did not differ. Women had more buoyant LDL-C and HDL-C (lower LLDR and LHDR) than men at all ages but the gap closed in higher age groups. In contrast, women had a generally denser VLDL-C (higher LVDR) leading into midlife, with the gap progressively closing in higher age groups, approximating that of men in their 60s and 70s.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The narrowing sex differential in cardiovascular disease risk after midlife is mirrored by a higher total atherogenic lipoprotein cholesterol burden in women and a closer approximation of the less favorable density phenotype characteristic of men.
authors.affiliation: The Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Kristopher J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Swiger
authors.forename: Seth S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Blaha
authors.forename: Peter P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Toth
authors.forename: Khurram
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nasir
authors.forename: Erin D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Michos
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gerstenblith
authors.forename: Roger S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Blumenthal
authors.forename: Steven R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000097:blood*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012737:Sex Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008074:Lipoproteins; C030104:lipoprotein cholesterol; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: aging; lipids; menopause; prevention; statins
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