title: Chemical and biological characterization of pectin-like polysaccharides from the bark of the Malian medicinal tree Cola cordifolia.
abstract: The bark of Cola cordifolia used in Malian traditional medicine contains unusual types of polysaccharides with immunomodulating activities. We report for the first time on the structure of a polymer designated CC1P1 having the repeating structure [2→)[α-D-Gal(1→3)]α-L-Rha(1→4)α-d-GalA(1→] as determined by NMR and GC/MS. α-Linked Gal is unusual in pectins. The Mw of 135 kDa was determined by SEC-MALLS. CC1P2 (1400 kDa), another polymer, having the same backbone, but this was substituted with α-4-OMe-GlcA, α-2-OMe-Gal and α-Gal as terminal units. CC1P1 shows a high complement-fixing activity, IC₅₀ being 2.2 times lower than the positive pectin control PMII (IC₅₀ appr. 71 μg/mL) while IC₅₀ of CC1P2 is 1.8 times lower. The simple structure of CC1P1 did not activate macrophages, while CC1P2 (100 μg/mL) showed the same potency as the positive controls PMII (100 μg/mL) and LPS (500 ng/mL). No cytotoxicity was detected.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Ingvild
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Austarheim
authors.affiliation: NOBIPOL, Department of Biotechnology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Bjørn E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Ida K
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Hegna
authors.affiliation: Carlsberg Laboratories, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Bent O
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.affiliation: Carlsberg Laboratories, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Jens O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Duus
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Ragnar
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bye
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; National Institute for Research on Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Terje E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Michaelsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Traditional Medicine, Bamako, Mali.
authors.forename: Drissa
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Diallo
authors.affiliation: IMMI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Marit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inngjerdingen
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Berit S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Paulsen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D030221:Cola; D004951:Esterification; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008302:Mali; D016488:Medicine, African Traditional; D051379:Mice; D009005:Monosaccharides / Q000032:analysis; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014197:Trees
chemical_list: D009005:Monosaccharides; D011134:Polysaccharides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase