title: Possible contribution of pannexin-1 to ATP release in human upper airway epithelia.
abstract: Pannexins are a family of transmembrane nonselective channel proteins that participate in the release of ATP into extracellular space. Previous studies have suggested that pannexin-1 (Panx1) may constitute a local autocrine/paracrine system via transmitter ATP in association with the purinergic P2X7 receptor. In this study, we investigate the expressions of Panx1 and P2X7 in human nasal mucosa, together with hypotonic stress-induced ATP release from this tissue. Twenty men and one woman ranging in age from 10 to 82 years with an average age of 44.2 ± 4.4 years participated in the study. Inferior turbinates were collected from patients with chronic hypertrophic rhinitis during endoscopic endonasal surgery. The expressions of Panx1 and P2X7 were examined by fluorescence immunohistochemistry and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). We also examined hypotonic stress-induced ATP release from the turbinate mucosa and the effects of channel blockers in an ex vivo experiment. Substantial expressions of both proteins were observed in human nasal mucosa. The immunoreactivity for Panx1 was stronger than that for P2X7. The presence of the transcripts of Panx1 and P2X7 was also shown by qRT-PCR. Ten and 100 μmol/L carbenoxolone (a Panx1 channel blocker) significantly inhibited the ATP release from the nasal mucosa, but flufenamic acid (a connexin channel blocker) and gadolinium (a stretch-activated channel blocker) did not. These results indicate the coexistence of Panx1 and P2X7 in, and Panx1-dependent ATP release from, the human nasal mucosa, suggesting the possible participation of these molecules in the physiological functions of the upper airway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.
authors.forename: Toyoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohbuchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.
authors.forename: Fumiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Takenaga
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobusuke
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hohchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wakasugi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ueta
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
keywords: ATP; P2X7 receptor; human upper airway; pannexin‐1 channel
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