title: Biotechnological production of muconic acid: current status and future prospects.
abstract: Muconic acid (MA), a high value-added bio-product with reactive dicarboxylic groups and conjugated double bonds, has garnered increasing interest owing to its potential applications in the manufacture of new functional resins, bio-plastics, food additives, agrochemicals, and pharmaceuticals. At the very least, MA can be used to produce commercially important bulk chemicals such as adipic acid, terephthalic acid and trimellitic acid. Recently, great progress has been made in the development of biotechnological routes for MA production. This present review provides a comprehensive and systematic overview of recent advances and challenges in biotechnological production of MA. Various biological methods are summarized and compared, and their constraints and possible solutions are also described. Finally, the future prospects are discussed with respect to the current state, challenges, and trends in this field, and the guidelines to develop high-performance microbial cell factories are also proposed for the MA production by systems metabolic engineering.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass Energy and Enzyme Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Neng-Zhong
authors.initials: NZ
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass Energy and Enzyme Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: guruace@163.com.
authors.forename: Ri-Bo
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: pingxu@sjtu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism; D001709:Biotechnology; D002396:Catechols; D060847:Metabolic Engineering; D013011:Sorbic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002396:Catechols; C005939:muconic acid; C034221:catechol; D013011:Sorbic Acid
keywords: Bio-based chemical; Microbial cell factory; Muconic acid; Rational design; Systems metabolic engineering