title: Relationship between obesity, adipocytokines and inflammatory markers in type 2 diabetes: relevance for cardiovascular risk prevention.
abstract: This study aimed to analyse the impact of obesity in type 2 diabetes (T2D) on adipocytokines (adiponectin, leptin and resistin) and inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-6 and hsCRP) as cardiovascular risk factors. A cross-sectional study comparing the basal levels of adipocytokines and inflammatory markers was done in 18 obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²) (group A), 21 overweight (25 kg/m² ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m²) (group B), 25 non-obese T2D patients (group C) and 15 non-obese controls (group D). The lowest levels of adiponectin and the highest levels of leptin, resistin, TNF-α, IL-6 and hsCRP were found in group A. Adiponectin levels were significantly lower, and resistin, TNF-α, and hsCRP levels were elevated in group C vs. D. However, leptin and IL-6 levels differed significantly between groups A and B, but not between groups C and D. Moreover, we found a significant negative correlation between adiponectin and TNF-α, but not with other markers, which was independent of the presence of obesity. In contrast, leptin and resistin correlated with the inflammatory markers, and this correlation was obesity-dependent. Our results suggest that obesity influences cardiovascular risk primarily through changes in leptin and resistin and less efficiently at the level of adiponectin.
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 13, Belgrade 11000, Serbia. nrajkovic@open.telekom.rs.
authors.forename: Natasa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rajkovic
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 13, Belgrade 11000, Serbia. miraz@eunet.rs.
authors.forename: Miroslava
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zamaklar
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 13, Belgrade 11000, Serbia. katarina.s.lalic@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Katarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lalic
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 13, Belgrade 11000, Serbia. aleksandra.z.jotic@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jotic
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 13, Belgrade 11000, Serbia. ljlukic@eunet.rs.
authors.forename: Ljiljana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lukic
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 13, Belgrade 11000, Serbia. icataca@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Tanja
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Milicic
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 13, Belgrade 11000, Serbia. singh@eunet.rs.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 13, Belgrade 11000, Serbia. bubichica@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Ljubica
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Stosic
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 13, Belgrade 11000, Serbia. lalic.nm@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nebojsa M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Lalic
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood*; D052243:Resistin / Q000097:blood*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D007328:Insulin; D015850:Interleukin-6; D020738:Leptin; C499624:RETN protein, human; D052243:Resistin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
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