title: C. elegans RNA-binding protein GLD-1 recognizes its multiple targets using sequence, context, and structural information to repress translation.
abstract: Caenorhabditis elegans GLD-1, a maxi-KH motif containing RNA-binding protein, has various functions mainly during female germ cell development, suggesting that it likely controls the expression of a selective group of maternal mRNAs. To gain an insight into how GLD-1 specifically recognizes these mRNA targets, we identified 38 biochemically proven GLD-1 binding regions from multiple mRNA targets that are among over 100 putative targets co-immunoprecipitated with GLD-1. The sequence information of these regions revealed three over-represented and phylogenetically conserved sequence motifs. We found that two of the motifs, one of which is novel, are important for GLD-1 binding in several GLD-1 binding regions but not in other regions. Further analyses indicate that the importance of one of the sequence motifs is dependent on two aspects: (1) surrounding sequence information, likely acting as an accessory feature for GLD-1 to efficiently select the sequence motif and (2) RNA secondary structural environment where the sequence motif resides, which likely provides "binding-site accessibility" for GLD-1 to effectively recognize its targets. Our data suggest some mRNAs recruit GLD-1 by a distinct mechanism, which involves more than one sequence motif that needs to be embedded in the correct context and structural environment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences; University at Albany; SUNY; Albany, NY USA.
authors.forename: Jung H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Doh
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences; University at Albany; SUNY; Albany, NY USA.
authors.forename: Yuchae
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics; Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven, CT USA.
authors.forename: Valerie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Reinke
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences; University at Albany; SUNY; Albany, NY USA.
authors.forename: Min-Ho
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lee
keywords: GLD-1; binding site accessibility; context dependency; mRNA targets; sequence motif
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