title: The role of SOG1, a plant-specific transcriptional regulator, in the DNA damage response.
abstract: Plants are inescapably exposed to environmental stress because of their sessile lifestyle. Such stress induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are in turn a source of genotoxic stress. ROS are also generated intrinsically during photosynthesis in the chloroplasts. Furthermore, plants are affected by the UV component of sunlight, which damages their genomes. To protect their genomic integrity from DNA damage, plants activate a DNA damage response (DDR) system that regulates cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, and programmed cell death. Although plants have orthologs of several of the DDR factors that are found in animals, certain critical animal DDR factors, notably the tumor suppressor p53 and the DDR kinases CHK1 and CHK2, have not been found in plants. In this mini-review, we summarize the functions and regulatory mechanism of Arabidopsis thaliana SUPPRESSOR OF GAMMA RESPONSE 1 (SOG1), a plant-specific transcription factor that plays a central role in the DDR. The characteristics of SOG1 are similar to those of animal p53, even though the proteins' amino acid sequences are unrelated. We suggest that plants acquired the central transcriptional factor SOG1 as a functional homolog of p53 during the evolution of their DDR system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioresource and Environmental Sciences; Kyoto Sangyo University; Kamigamo-Motoyama; Kitaku, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Kaoru O
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Yoshiyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioresource and Environmental Sciences; Kyoto Sangyo University; Kamigamo-Motoyama; Kitaku, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Seisuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Biological Sciences; Nara Institute of Science and Technology; Takayama; Ikoma, Nara, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisaji
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maki
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Biology; University of California; Davis, CA USA.
authors.forename: Anne B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Britt
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Biological Sciences; Nara Institute of Science and Technology; Takayama; Ikoma, Nara, Japan; JST; CRESTl 8916-5 Takayama; Ikoma, Nara, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Umeda
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004249:DNA Damage; D004260:DNA Repair; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010766:Phosphorylation; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; C561308:SOG1 protein, Arabidopsis; D014157:Transcription Factors; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
keywords: ATM; ATR; Arabidopsis; DNA damage response; Ionizing radiation; SOG1; genome stability; p53; phosphorylation
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