title: Contributions of cellular and humoral immunity of Galleria mellonella larvae in defence against oral infection by Bacillus thuringiensis.
abstract: In this study the cellular and humoral immune reactions of the Greater wax moth Galleria mellonella have been investigated during bacterial infection caused by oral administration of Bacillus thuringiensis. Two different dose strengths were investigated to assess the contribution of immune parameters to induced Bt resistance. Low-dose (sublethal LC15) infection resulted in significantly elevated haemolymph phenoloxidase and lysozyme-like activity, enhanced phagocytic activity of haemocytes, and increased encapsulation responses in infected larvae at 48 and 72 h post infection. Higher doses of Bt (half-lethal LC50) also triggered significantly elevated haemolymph phenoloxidase and lysozyme-like activity, but decreased the coagulation index and activity of phenoloxidase in haemocytes of infected larvae. In both types of infection, the pool of circulating haemocytes became depleted. The importance of cellular and humoral immune reactions in induced insect resistance to intestinal bacterial infection Bt is herein discussed.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science, Frunze Street 11, 630091 Novosibirsk, Russia.
authors.forename: E V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Grizanova
authors.affiliation: Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science, Frunze Street 11, 630091 Novosibirsk, Russia. Electronic address: dubovskiy2000@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Dubovskiy
authors.affiliation: Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.
authors.forename: M M A
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Whitten
authors.affiliation: Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science, Frunze Street 11, 630091 Novosibirsk, Russia.
authors.forename: V V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Glupov
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis / Q000276:immunology*; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000276:immunology; D056724:Immunity, Humoral / Q000276:immunology; D007305:Insecticide Resistance / Q000276:immunology*; D007814:Larva / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D009036:Moths / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D010572:Pest Control, Biological
keywords: Bt; Encapsulation; Insects immunity; PO; Phagocytosis; Resistance