title: Using cognitive modelling to investigate the psychological processes of the Go/NoGo discrimination task in male abstinent heroin misusers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To use cognitive modelling to investigate psychological processes underlying decision-making in male abstinent heroin misusers (AHMs).
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study design.
  
  
  METHODS
  A drug misuse treatment centre in Taiwan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-eight male AHMs and 48 male controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four parameters representing the attention to wins, learning rate, response sensitivity and incentive of heroin-related stimuli from the modified Go/NoGo discrimination task.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A modified cue-dependent learning (CD) model with four parameters representing attention to wins, learning rate, response sensitivity and incentive of heroin-related stimuli had a lower value of the sum of Bayesian information criterion (showing a better fit) than the original CD model (9555.50 versus 11,192.22, P < 0.001). The AHM group had a higher value of the heroin-incentive parameter than the control group (0.26 versus -1.66, P < 0.05). The attention to wins and heroin-incentive parameters were associated positively with total commission rate and negatively with total omission rate in the AHM group (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Male abstinent heroin misusers appear to be more influenced by heroin-related stimuli during decision-making than males with no history of heroin misuse.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li City, Taiwan; Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chi-Wen
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Roy Yi-Xiu
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Yun-Chen
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Chun-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Muh-Yong
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Yen
authors.forename: Chung-Ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Wen-Yau
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Hsu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003071:Cognition; D003463:Cues; D004192:Discrimination, Psychological; D006556:Heroin Dependence / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013624:Taiwan
keywords: Cognitive modelling; cue-dependent learning model; decision-making; heroin misuse; substance misuse; the Go/NoGo discrimination task