title: Pediatric lung transplantation: promise being realized.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Lung transplantation for infants and children is an accepted but rarely exercised option for the treatment of end-stage lung disease, with outcomes equivalent to those for adults. However, widespread misconceptions regarding pediatric outcomes often confound timely and appropriate referral to specialty centers. We present the updated information for primary pediatricians to utilize when counseling families with children confronted by progressive end-stage pulmonary or cardiovascular disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We provide general guidelines to consider for referral, and discuss allocation of organs in children, information regarding standard treatment protocols, and survival outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lung transplantation is a worthwhile treatment option to consider in children with end-stage lung disease. The treatment is complex, but lung transplant provides substantial survival benefit and markedly improved quality of life for children and their families. This timely review provides comprehensive information for pediatricians who are considering options for treatment of children with end-stage lung disease.
authors.affiliation: aDivision of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine bDivision of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Conrad
authors.forename: David N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Cornfield
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008017:Life Expectancy; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000401:mortality; D009894:Opportunistic Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018579:Patient Selection; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents
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