title: Amphetamine-induced release of dopamine in primate prefrontal cortex and striatum: striking differences in magnitude and timecourse.
abstract: The psychostimulant amphetamine (AMPH) is frequently used to increase catecholamine levels in attention disorders and positron emission tomography imaging studies. Despite the fact that most radiotracers for positron emission tomography studies are characterized in non-human primates (NHPs), data on regional differences of the effect of AMPH in NHPs are very limited. This study examined the impact of AMPH on extracellular dopamine (DA) levels in the medial prefrontal cortex and the caudate of NHPs using microdialysis. In addition to differences in magnitude, we observed striking differences in the temporal profile of extracellular DA levels between these regions that can likely be attributed to differences in the regulation of dopamine uptake and biosynthesis. The present data suggest that cortical DA levels may remain elevated longer than in the caudate which may contribute to the clinical profile of the actions of AMPH. Using microdialysis probes implanted in the cortex and caudate region of non-human primate brains, we observed in vivo differences in the magnitude and temporal profile of extracellular dopamine levels in response to intravenous amphetamine administration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Hank P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Jedema
authors.forename: Rajesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Narendran
authors.forename: Charles W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Bradberry
mesh_terms: D000661:Amphetamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002421:Caudate Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism; D006207:Half-Life; D016014:Linear Models; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D017551:Microdialysis; D017072:Neostriatum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques
chemical_list: D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; D000661:Amphetamine; D004298:Dopamine
keywords: caudate; dopamine; medial prefrontal cortex; microdialysis; rhesus macaque
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