title: Dietary habits and supplement use in relation to national pregnancy recommendations: data from the EuroPrevall birth cohort.
abstract: Assessing maternal dietary habits across Europe during pregnancy in relation to their national pregnancy recommendations. A collaborative, multi-centre, birth cohort study in nine European countries was conducted as part of European Union funded EuroPrevall project. Standardised baseline questionnaire data included details of food intake, nutritional supplement use, exposure to cigarette smoke during pregnancy and socio-demographic data. Pregnancy recommendations were collected from all nine countries from the appropriate national organisations. The most commonly taken supplement in pregnancy was folic acid (55.6 % Lithuania-97.8 % Spain) and was favoured by older, well-educated mothers. Vitamin D supplementation across the cohort was very poor (0.3 % Spain-5.1 % Lithuania). There were significant differences in foods consumed in different countries during pregnancy e.g. only 2.7 % Dutch mothers avoided eating peanut, while 44.4 % of British mothers avoided it. Some countries have minimal pregnancy recommendations i.e. Lithuania, Poland and Spain while others have similar, very specific recommendations i.e. UK, the Netherlands, Iceland, Greece. Allergy specific recommendations were associated with food avoidance during pregnancy [relative rate (RR) 1.18 95 % CI 0.02-1.37]. Nutritional supplement recommendations were also associated with avoidance (RR 1.08, 1.00-1.16). Maternal dietary habits and the use of dietary supplements during pregnancy vary significantly across Europe and in some instances may be influenced by national recommendations.
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic Unit, Level F, South Academic Block, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK, E.Oliver@soton.ac.uk.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Oliver
authors.forename: K E C
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Grimshaw
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Schoemaker
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Keil
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McBride
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Sprikkelman
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Ragnarsdottir
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Trendelenburg
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Emmanouil
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reche
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fiocchi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fiandor
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stanczyk-Przyluska
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wilczynski
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Busacca
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Sigurdardottir
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dubakiene
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Rudzeviciene
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Vlaxos
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Beyer
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Roberts
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005060:Europe; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D018673:Nutrition Policy; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D016742:Preconception Care; D011247:Pregnancy; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016387:Women's Health
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; D005492:Folic Acid
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