title: Wounding stress causes rapid increase in concentration of the naturally occurring 2',3'-isomers of cyclic guanosine- and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cGMP and cAMP) in plant tissues.
abstract: 3',5'-Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) are well reported second messenger molecules involved in cellular signal transduction, in physiological functions such as neurotransmission in animals and in the modulation of cell growth and differentiation. In plants, 3',5'-cyclic nucleotides have been implicated in the regulation of ion homeostasis, hormone and stress responses. The behavior of the 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide variants is also known in animal tissue but no quantitative information is available about 2',3'-cAMP and 2',3'-cGMP in plant material. A recently developed HILIC-SPE/LC-MS/MS method for the analysis of cyclic nucleotides in blood and animal tissue was therefore adapted to measure 2',3'-cAMP and 2',3'-cGMP concentrations in plant material. Cyclic nucleotide concentrations were measured in Arabidopsis thaliana (Col-0) leaves before and after the application of wounding stress. A significant (∼5-fold) up-regulation of 2',3'-cAMP and 2',3'-cGMP was measured in Arabidopsis leaves compared to the control samples. The results indicate a thus far unreported strong correlation between plant stress and both 2',3'-cAMP and 2',3'-cGMP levels in plant material, and may open new avenues towards understanding the role of cyclic nucleotides in plants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Pfizer Analytical Research Center, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Van Damme
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Physiology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Blancquaert
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Separation Science Group, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Pauline
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Couturon
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Physiology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Van Der Straeten
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Pfizer Analytical Research Center, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Organic Chemistry, Separation Science Group, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Pat
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sandra
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Pfizer Analytical Research Center, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Organic Chemistry, Separation Science Group, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. Electronic address: frederic.lynen@ugent.be.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lynen
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000737:chemistry; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000032:analysis*; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000032:analysis*; D006151:Guanosine / Q000032:analysis*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D006151:Guanosine; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D006152:Cyclic GMP
keywords: Cyclic nucleotides; Liquid chromatography; Plant extracts; Sample preparation; Triple quadrupole mass spectrometry