title: Extended high-frequency (9-20 kHz) audiometry reference thresholds in 645 healthy subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to study patterns in the extended spectrum of the human hearing (0.125 to 20 kHz) in order to obtain reference thresholds. Then, we compare our values with existing results at extended high-frequencies (8 to 20 kHz) in an attempt to establish new standards for potential international adoption.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study in a group of otologically healthy subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 645 subjects aged between 5 and 90 years were recruited. Pure-tone thresholds were determined for conventional and extended high-frequencies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was an increase in the hearing thresholds as a function of frequency and age. For the 20 to 69 years old group, thresholds were lower in females than in males, especially at 12.5 and 16 kHz. Our threshold values are comparable to those presented in previous studies that used different instrumentation and populations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When comparing different studies the hearing thresholds were found to be similar. Therefore, it would be possible to establish international standard thresholds.
authors.affiliation: Ear Research Group, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid , Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rodríguez Valiente
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trinidad
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: García Berrocal
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Górriz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ramírez Camacho
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone / Q000592:standards*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Pure-tone audiometry; aging; high frequency hearing loss; noise-induced hearing loss; presbycusis; sensorineural hearing loss; toxicity tests