title: Potential first trimester metabolomic biomarkers of abnormal birth weight in healthy pregnancies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Macrosomia and low birth weight (LBW) can be associated with pregnancy complications and may affect the long-term health of the child. The aim of this study was to evaluate the metabolomic serum profiles of healthy pregnant women to identify early biomarkers of macrosomia and LBW and to understand mechanisms leading to abnormal fetal growth not related to mother's body mass index or presence of gestational diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum samples from 770 women were collected between the 12th and 14th gestational week. Delivery samples were divided into three groups according to the infant birth weight as follows: low, <2500 g; normal, 2500-4000 g; and high >4000 g. Samples from women with any complications of pregnancy were excluded. Serum fingerprinting was performed by LC-QTOF-MS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lower levels of phospholipids, lysophospholipids, and monoacylglycerols; low vitamin D3 metabolites; and increased bilirubin level were associated with macrosomia. Because most changes involved lipids, as a concept of validation, adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) levels were measured and found correlated with the studied lipids and birth weight.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum fingerprinting in early pregnancy can predict the risk of macrosomia. Serum levels of A-FABP and several lipids are promising prognostic markers for macrosomia in healthy pregnancies.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ciborowski
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zbucka-Kretowska
authors.forename: Dorota
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bomba-Opon
authors.forename: Miroslaw
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wielgos
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brawura-Biskupski-Samaha
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pierzynski
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szmitkowski
authors.forename: Slawomir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wolczynski
authors.forename: Danuta
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lipinska
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Citko
authors.forename: Witold
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gorska
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kretowski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D003661:Decision Support Techniques; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D005260:Female; D005320:Fetal Macrosomia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight / Q000097:blood*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D062145:Maternal Serum Screening Tests; D055442:Metabolome; D055432:Metabolomics; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers