title: Functionalized carbon dots as sensors for gold nanoparticles in spiked samples: formation of nanohybrids.
abstract: This paper reports the synthesis, passivation and functionalization of luminescent carbon dots (CDs) possessing surface thiol ending groups. A simple procedure involving amidation of passivated carbon dots (p-CDs) with cysteamine boosts their photoluminescent properties and enables their use as easily controlled fluorescent nanosensors for determining citrate-gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The mechanism behind the quenching phenomenon was established from fluorescence measurements at high temperatures and lifetime tests, and found to involve static quenching leading to the formation of CD-AuNP nanohybrids. A method for determining AuNPs in complex matrices was developed and validated by application to spiked drinking water and mussel tissues. The limits of detection and quantitation for AuNPs thus obtained were 0.20 and 0.66 nmol L(-1), respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Marie Curie Building, Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Angelina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cayuela
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Marie Curie Building, Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: M Laura
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Soriano
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas-IRICA, Avda. C. J. Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real and Fundación PCYTA, Paseo de la Innovación, 1, Edificio Emprendedores, 02006 Albacete, Spain.
authors.forename: M Carmen
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Carrión
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Marie Curie Building, Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain. Electronic address: qa1vacam@uco.es.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Valcárcel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000737:chemistry; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D002623:Chemistry Techniques, Analytical / Q000295:instrumentation*; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000737:chemistry; D006046:Gold / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence
chemical_list: D060766:Drinking Water; D002244:Carbon; D006046:Gold
keywords: Carbon dots; Functionalization; Gold nanoparticles; Hybrids; Luminescence; Nanosensor