title: Roles of the ALDH2 and ADH1B genotypes on the association between alcohol intake and serum adiponectin levels among Japanese male workers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adiponectin secreted from adipose tissue is assumed to mediate protective effects on development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and MetS-related diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Relationship between alcohol intake and circulating adiponectin levels is not consistent among the several previous studies. In the present study, we investigated effects of alcohol intake and the alcohol-related polymorphisms on serum adiponectin levels among Japanese male workers.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a cross-sectional design study with 541 male workers aged 51.5 ± 5.9 (mean ± SD) years in a Japanese plant. Information on alcohol intake and other lifestyles was obtained by a self-administered questionnaire. Serum total adiponectin (T-Ad), high-molecular-weight adiponectin (HMW-Ad), medium-molecular-weight adiponectin (MMW-Ad), and low-molecular-weight adiponectin (LMW-Ad) levels were measured by the enzyme-linked immune assay system kit. Two genotypes in the alcohol dehydrogenase-1B (ADH1B) and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) genes were determined using blood sample. In multivariate regression analyses, we adjusted for age, body mass index, smoking, and physical exercise.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among all subjects, high alcohol consumption of 12 units (1 unit contains 22.9 g of ethanol) a week or more was negatively associated with T-Ad levels in the multivariate model, although not significant. When we performed analyses separately for each genotype, high alcohol consumption was negatively associated with T-Ad, HMW-Ad, and LMW-Ad levels only in those with ADH1B *2/*2. Such relationships were not observed in each ALDH2 genotype group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High alcohol consumption was inversely associated with T-Ad, HMW-Ad, and LMW-Ad levels in those with ADH1B *2/*2 genotype, but not in those with the other ADH1B genotypes. To our knowledge, this is the first study that reports combined effects of the alcohol-related polymorphisms and alcohol intake on serum adiponectin levels. Additional studies are required to confirm the present finding.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan; Wakayama Wellness Foundation, Wakayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Kanae
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mure
authors.forename: Kouichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mugitani
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Masataka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwane
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Mohara
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takeshita
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics*; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics*; D000071396:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; C489332:ADH1B protein, human; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase; C096127:ALDH2 protein, human; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; D000071396:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial
keywords: Acetaldehyde; Adiponectin; Alcohol Dehydrogenase-1B; Alcohol Intake; Aldehyde Dehydrogenase-2