title: Phosphotriesterase-related protein sensed albuminuria and conferred renal tubular cell activation in membranous nephropathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Membranous nephropathy (MN) is a common cause of nephrotic syndrome that may progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The formation of MN involves the in situ formation of subepithelial immune deposits and leads to albuminuria; however, the underlying mechanism of how MN leads to ESRD remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and biological functions of phosphotriesterase-related protein (PTER) in MN.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the progression of MN, the expression of PTER increased significantly and was mainly expressed in the renal tubular cells. Both mRNA and protein expression levels of PTER were increased in a concentration- and time-dependent manner in the in vitro albuminuria tubular cell model. Silencing the expression of PTER by RNA interference diminished albuminuria-induced inflammatory and pro-fibrotic cytokines production.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings reveal that PTER may sense albuminuria in the progression of MN, induce tubular cell activation and lead to ESRD.
authors.forename: Chao-Wen
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Li-Chien
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Tzu-Ling
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Tseng
authors.forename: Chia-Chao
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yuh-Feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, 325, Sec, 2, Cheng-Kung Rd,, Neihu 114 Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. dgschen@ndmctsgh.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Jin-Shuen
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000419:Albuminuria / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology; D002460:Cell Line; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D015433:Glomerulonephritis, Membranous / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D044345:Phosphoric Triester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; C484578:PTER protein, human; D044345:Phosphoric Triester Hydrolases
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