title: Cardiopulmonary effects during anaesthesia induced and maintained with propofol in acepromazine pre-medicated donkeys.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the cardiopulmonary effects of anaesthesia induced and maintained with propofol in acepromazine pre-medicated donkeys.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective experimental study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six healthy male donkeys weighing 78-144 kg.
  
  
  METHODS
  Donkeys were pre-medicated with intravenous (IV) acepromazine (0.04 mg kg(-1) ). Ten minutes later, anaesthesia was induced with IV propofol (2 mg kg(-1) ) and anaesthesia maintained by continuous IV infusion of the propofol (0.2 mg kg(-1)  minute(-1) ) for 30 minutes. Baseline measurements of physiological parameters, and arterial blood samples were taken before the acepromazine administration, then 5, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes after the induction of anaesthesia. Changes from baseline were analysed by anova for repeated measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When compared with baseline (standing) values, during anaesthesia heart rate increased throughout: significant at 5 (p = 0.001) and 15 (p = 0.015) minutes. Mean arterial blood pressure increased significantly only at 15 minutes (p < 0.001). Respiratory rate and arterial pH did not change significantly. PaO2 was lower throughout anaethesia, but this only reached significance at 15 minutes (p = 0.041). PaCO2 was statistically (but not clinically) significantly reduced at the times of 30 (p = 0.02), 45 (p = 0.01) and 60 (p = 0.04). Rectal temperature decreased significantly at all times of the study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Administration of propofol by the continuous infusion rate for the maintenance of anaesthesia resulted in stable cardiopulmonary effects and could prove to be clinically useful in donkeys.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Hadi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Naddaf
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baniadam
authors.forename: Abdolrahman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rasekh
authors.forename: Abdolmajid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arasteh
authors.forename: Soroush
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sabiza
mesh_terms: D000075:Acepromazine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000758:Anesthesia / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D018397:Equidae; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D011292:Premedication; D015742:Propofol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000075:Acepromazine; D015742:Propofol
keywords: acepromazine; anaesthesia; donkey; propofol