title: Prevalence of transient hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus in pediatric patients with acute leukemia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The most common malignancy of children is Leukemia, accounting approximately one third of cancer diagnosis. Available data demonstrate improvement in survival of pediatric leukemia, so evaluation of side effects of treatment is very important. This study investigates hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus prevalence in pediatric patients with acute leukemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was performed in children with acute leukemia. At the first admission, demographic data was collected and blood glucose and HbA1c levels were obtained. These tests examined at least two times during six months of follow up. Growth parameters and blood samples were obtained too.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty nine patients were examined; three of them (10.3%) had diabetes mellitus and 5patients (17.2%) had transient hyperglycemia.Mean age of the patients was 6.26 years and nineteen Children (63%) were in preschool age. In preschool age children, incidence of hyperglycemia was meaningfully higher than school age children (p= 0.02). 24 of 29 patients (82.7%) were known case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 5 patients (17.3%) were known case of acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML). No significant difference was found between sex groups. Also underweight was significant risk factor for hyperglycemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of hyperglycemia was in the range of other similar studies in different parts of the world. Underweight and preschool ages were significant predictors of hyperglycemia.
authors.affiliation: Associated Professor of Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, faculty of medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Banihashem
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor of Pediatric Hematology & Onc1 Associated Professor of Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, faculty of medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghasemi
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor of Pediatric Endocrinology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ghaemi
authors.affiliation: Pediatrician, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Moazzen
authors.affiliation: Radiation oncologist, cancer research center, Mashhad University of medical sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amirabadi
keywords: Acute Leukemia; Diabetes Mellitus; Hyperglycemia
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