title: The protective effects of insulin and natural honey against hippocampal cell death in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
abstract: We investigated the effects of insulin and honey as antioxidants to prevent the hippocampal cell death in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. We selected sixty Wister rats (5 groups of 12 animals each), including the control group (C), and four diabetic groups (control (D) and 3 groups treated with insulin (I), honey (H), and insulin plus honey (I + H)). Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin injection (IP, 60 mg/kg). Six weeks after the induction of diabetes, the group I received insulin (3-4 U/kg/day, SC), group H received honey (5 mg/kg/day, IP), and group I + H received a combination of the above at the same dose. Groups C and D received normal saline. Two weeks after treatment, rats were sacrificed and the hippocampus was extracted. Neuronal cell death in the hippocampal region was examined using trypan blue assay, "H & E" staining, and TUNEL assay. Cell viability assessment showed significantly lower number of living cells in group D than in group C. Besides, the mean number of living cells was significantly higher in group I, H, and I + H compared to group D. Therefore, it can be concluded that the treatment of the diabetic rats with insulin, honey, and a combination of insulin and honey can prevent neuronal cell death in different hippocampal areas of the studied samples.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan 4513956111, Iran.
authors.forename: Iraj
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jafari Anarkooli
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan 4513956111, Iran.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Barzegar Ganji
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pourheidar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D056705:Apitherapy; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D058870:Food, Organic; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006722:Honey; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007336:Insulin, Isophane / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007492:Iran; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013311:Streptozocin
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D007336:Insulin, Isophane; D013311:Streptozocin
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