title: Involvement of histamine in endothelium-dependent relaxation of mesenteric lymphatic vessels.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The knowledge of the basic principles of lymphatic function, still remains, to a large degree, rudimentary and will require significant research efforts. Recent studies of the physiology of the MLVs suggested the presence of an EDRF other than NO. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that lymphatic endothelium-derived histamine relaxes MLVs.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured and analyzed parameters of lymphatic contractility in isolated and pressurized rat MLVs under control conditions and after pharmacological blockade of NO by L-NAME (100 μM) or/and histamine production by α-MHD (10 μM). Effectiveness of α-MHD was confirmed immunohistochemically. We also used immunohistochemical labeling and Western blot analysis of the histamine-producing enzyme, HDC. In addition, we blocked HDC protein expression in MLVs by transient transfection with vivo-morpholino oligos.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that only combined pharmacological blockade of NO and histamine production completely eliminates flow-dependent relaxation of lymphatic vessels, thus confirming a role for histamine as an EDRF in MLVs. We also confirmed the presence of HDC and histamine inside lymphatic endothelial cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study supports a role for histamine as an EDRF in MLVs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Irina Tsoy
authors.initials: IT
authors.lastname: Nizamutdinova
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Maejima
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bridenbaugh
authors.forename: Sangeetha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thangaswamy
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chatterjee
authors.forename: Cynthia J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Meininger
authors.forename: Anatoliy A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Gashev
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004729:Endothelium, Lymphatic / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology; D006632:Histamine / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology*; D006640:Histidine Decarboxylase / Q000502:physiology; D042601:Lymphatic Vessels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008643:Mesentery; D008762:Methylhistidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D060172:Morpholinos / Q000494:pharmacology; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology; D000071756:Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase
chemical_list: D008762:Methylhistidines; D060172:Morpholinos; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C046181:alpha-methylhistidine; D006632:Histamine; D006640:Histidine Decarboxylase; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase; D000071756:Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester
keywords: EDRF; histamine; lymphatic endothelium; mesenteric lymphatic vessels
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