title: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with migraine.
abstract: Evidence suggests that migraine is associated with metabolic syndrome, which is also implicated in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Reported for the first time, we aimed to investigate the relationship between migraine and NAFLD in patients with migraine. A total of 90 consecutive migraine patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The diagnosis of migraine was determined according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders-II diagnostic criteria. The diagnosis of NAFLD was based on abdominal ultrasonography findings. Anthropometric indices and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were calculated, and serum insulin level measurements and other biochemical analyses were performed for each subject. The measurements of body mass index and waist circumference were significantly higher in migraine patients with NAFLD than in those without NAFLD (p < 0.001). Regarding the laboratory results, insulin (p = 0.024), alanine aminotransferase (p = 0.027), and triglyceride levels (p = 0.001) and the HOMA-IR (p = 0.039) were higher in migraineurs with NAFLD than in those without NAFLD. Among the headache characteristics, the presence of aura was higher, and disease and attack durations were significantly longer in migraineurs with NAFLD than in those without NAFLD (p = 0.005, p = 0.024, and p = 0.023; respectively). However, the headache characteristics did not correlate with either the hepatosteatosis grade or HOMA-IR in migraine patients (p > 0.05). Our results show that NAFLD may present in migraine patients with higher frequency of auras and longer disease and attack durations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Bozok University, School of Medicine, 66200, Yozgat, Turkey, asunebioglu@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Asuman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Celikbilek
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Celikbilek
authors.forename: Aylin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Okur
authors.forename: Serkan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dogan
authors.forename: Elif
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Borekci
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kozan
authors.forename: Sebnem
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gursoy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
references.citation: Front Neurol. 2012 Nov 19;3:161
references.pmid: 23181051
references.citation: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Sep;92(9):3490-7
references.pmid: 17595248
references.citation: Neurology. 2007 May 22;68(21):1851-61
references.pmid: 17515549
references.citation: Cephalalgia. 2010 May;30(5):593-8
references.pmid: 19740122
references.citation: Turk J Pediatr. 2012 Mar-Apr;54(2):150-5
references.pmid: 22734301
references.citation: World J Gastroenterol. 2013 Jun 14;19(22):3375-84
references.pmid: 23801829
references.citation: Curr Pharm Des. 2010 Jun;16(17):1893-5
references.pmid: 20370678
references.citation: Diabetologia. 1985 Jul;28(7):412-9
references.pmid: 3899825
references.citation: ISRN Neurol. 2013 Apr 18;2013:147065
references.pmid: 23691357
references.citation: Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Oct;17(Suppl 1):S355-7
references.pmid: 24251213
references.citation: Cephalalgia. 2014 Apr;34(5):349-56
references.pmid: 24243987
references.citation: World J Hepatol. 2012 Dec 27;4(12):332-4
references.pmid: 23355910
references.citation: Cephalalgia. 2005 Aug;25(8):593-7
references.pmid: 16033384
references.citation: Eur J Neurol. 2014 Feb;21(2):267-72
references.pmid: 24238370
references.citation: Cephalalgia. 2009 Sep;29(9):987-96
references.pmid: 19689607
references.citation: Neurologist. 2009 Mar;15(2):55-8
references.pmid: 19276782
references.citation: Neurol Sci. 2012 May;33 Suppl 1:S81-5
references.pmid: 22644177
references.citation: Dig Dis. 2010;28(1):179-85
references.pmid: 20460908
references.citation: Can J Neurol Sci. 2008 Sep;35(4):448-51
references.pmid: 18973061
references.citation: Neurol Sci. 2008 May;29 Suppl 1:S173-5
references.pmid: 18545927
references.citation: BMJ. 2010 Aug 24;341:c3966
references.pmid: 20736269
references.citation: Neurology. 2010 Feb 23;74(8):628-35
references.pmid: 20147658
references.citation: Headache. 2005 Jul-Aug;45(7):926-31
references.pmid: 15985111
references.citation: Headache. 2006 Feb;46(2):200-7
references.pmid: 16492228
references.citation: Pain. 2013 Aug;154(8):1305-11
references.pmid: 23726372
references.citation: AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1985 Oct;145(4):753-5
references.pmid: 3898784
references.citation: Headache. 2007 Nov-Dec;47(10):1436-42
references.pmid: 18052953
references.citation: Diabet Med. 2006 May;23(5):469-80
references.pmid: 16681555
references.citation: J Headache Pain. 2012 Jun;13(4):321-6
references.pmid: 22278639
references.citation: J Diabetes. 2013 Dec;5(4):406-15
references.pmid: 23560695
references.citation: Neurology. 2005 Feb 22;64(4):614-20
references.pmid: 15728281
references.citation: J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2010 Mar;19(2):92-103
references.pmid: 20189084
references.citation: Exp Ther Med. 2013 Jul;6(1):77-84
references.pmid: 23935723
references.citation: Hepatology. 2011 Sep 2;54(3):1082-1090
references.pmid: 21618575
references.citation: Eur J Neurol. 2011 Mar;18(3):504-11
references.pmid: 20825470