title: Effects of resveratrol and other wine polyphenols on the proliferation, apoptosis and androgen receptor expression in LNCaP cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To address the effect of resveratrol and other red wine polyphenols on cell proliferation, apoptosis and androgen receptor (AR) expression in human prostate cancer LNCaP cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  LNCaP cells (5 × 102) were cultured in microtiter plate modules and treated with gallic acid, tannic acid and quercetin (1, 5 and 10 μM), rutin and morin (25, 50 and 75 μM) and resveratrol (5, 10 and 25 μM). To address the extent of proliferation at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours, a colorimetric immunoassay method was used. An activity caspase 3/7 detection assay was used to disclose apoptosis at 24, 48 and 72 hours. AR mARN levels were determined by real time RT-PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All polyphenols studied significantly inhibited (P<.05) cell proliferation compared to control. However, there were moderate differences between them. Resveratrol was the strongest inhibitor at different times and doses. Also, caspase-3 and caspase-7 activity was significantly higher (P<.05) than control in the presence of all the compounds, but the earlier response was achieved by resveratrol. Resveratrol, quercetin and morin were the only nutrients that significantly inhibited AR mRNA expression. Again resveratrol produced the highest inhibition (90-250 times less than control), followed by morin (67-100 times) and quercetin (55-91 times).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All polyphenols studied showed important antiproliferative effects and induced apoptosis when added to LNCaP cells culture. We confirm that resveratrol, morin and quercetin may achieve such effect through reduced expression of AR. The synergistic effects of these compounds and their potential to prevent progression of hormone-dependent prostate cancer merit further study.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigación, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ferruelo
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Departamento Clínico, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Romero
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Departamento Clínico, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Cabrera
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Departamento Clínico, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Arance
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Departamento Clínico, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Andrés
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Departamento Clínico, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, España. Electronic address: javier.angulo@salud.madrid.org.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Angulo
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000187:drug effects*; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014920:Wine
chemical_list: C410798:AR protein, human; D000975:Antioxidants; D059808:Polyphenols; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D013267:Stilbenes; D000077185:Resveratrol
keywords: Androgen receptor; Apoptosis; Cell proliferation; LNCaP; LNCaP, Resveratrol; Polifenoles; Polyphenols; Proliferación celular; Receptor androgénico; Resveratrol