title: HMGB1 enhances embryonic neural stem cell proliferation by activating the MAPK signaling pathway.
abstract: Neural stem cells (NSCs) are involved in neural tube formation. As the high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein is involved in neurulation and is present at elevated levels in neural tube defects (NTDs) induced by hyperthermia, we have now investigated the effects of HMGB1 on proliferation, differentiation, and MAPK signaling pathways of NSCs in vitro. We constructed a lentivirus vector with HMGB1 siRNA and used it to infect NSCs. Down-regulation of HMGB1 expression was confirmed. Proliferation of NSCs was determined by MTS and nestin/BrdU double-labeling. Differentiation of NSCs was assessed using β-tubulinIII and GFAP. Knockdown of HMGB1 significantly suppressed NSC proliferation but hardly affected differentiation, which was regulated by decreased expression of MAPK signaling pathways. Thus, HMGB1 has beneficial effects on neurulation and may serve as a new target for the prevention of NTDs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Tianliang
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhaoting
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Leng
authors.forename: Yingjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002469:Cell Separation; D015536:Down-Regulation; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000201:enzymology*; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000378:metabolism; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D016086:Lentivirus / Q000378:metabolism; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D064231:Nestin / Q000378:metabolism; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000201:enzymology*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018874:Spheroids, Cellular / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D024243:HMGB1 Protein; D064231:Nestin; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering