title: Facile fabrication of magnetic carbon composites from hydrochar via simultaneous activation and magnetization for triclosan adsorption.
abstract: Advanced magnetic carbon composites with high specific surface area and high microporosity are required for both environmentally and agriculturally related applications. However, more research is needed for the development of a facile and highly efficient synthesis process. In the present work, a novel approach of simultaneous activation and magnetization is proposed for the fabrication of magnetic carbon composites via the thermal pyrolysis of hydrochar (i.e., a solid residue from a hydrothermal carbonization process) that has been pretreated with mixtures of ferric chloride (FeCl3) and zinc chloride (ZnCl2). The main objective of this study is the investigation of the variation of characteristics of magnetic carbon composites produced at various conditions, as well as triclosan (TCS) adsorption behavior on such composites. This presented simple one-step synthesis method has the following advantages: (a) the hydrochar is activated with high surface area and pore volume (up to 1351 m(2)/g and 0.549 cm(3)/g, respectively), (b) activation and magnetization are simultaneously achieved without further modification, (c) the magnetic particles (γ-Fe2O3) are stable under an acidic medium (pH of 3.0 and 4.0), and (d) the products have the potential to remove TCS from aqueous solutions with a maximum adsorption capacity of 892.9 mg/g. The results indicate the effectiveness of this facile synthesis strategy in converting low-value biowaste into a functional material with high performance for pollutant removal from aqueous solutions.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Xiangdong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Yuchen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Shicheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jianmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry*; D002712:Chlorides / Q000737:chemistry; D004777:Environment; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D007700:Kinetics; D060328:Magnetic Phenomena; D016062:Porosity; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D013696:Temperature; D014260:Triclosan / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction; D017967:Zinc Compounds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D017967:Zinc Compounds; D014867:Water; D002606:Charcoal; C000499:ferric oxide; D014260:Triclosan; C016837:zinc chloride