title: The effects of tamsulosin and alfuzosin on iris morphology: an ultrasound biomicroscopic comparison.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is well known that Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor antagonists affect the receptors in the prostate and also iris dilator muscle, leading to loss of iris muscle tone.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare morphological alterations of iris secondary to tamsulosin and alfuzosin use.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients included in the study were grouped as follows: 16 patients treated with tamsulosin (Group 1), 14 patients treated with alfuzosin (Group 2) and 18 untreated controls (Group 3).
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients underwent ultrasound biomicroscopic and pupillometric examination. Iris thickness was measured at the dilator muscle region (DMR; measured at half of the distance between the scleral spur and the pupillary margin) and sphincter muscle region (SMR; Standardized at 0.75 mm from the pupillary margin). DMR/SMR was also calculated for each patient. Differences among groups were analysed. Main outcome measures were DMR, SMR, DMR/SMR and pupillary diameter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean duration of treatments were 2.4 ± 0.96 years (1-4) and 2.3 ± 1.01 years (1-4) in Groups 1 and 2. Pupillary diameters were reduced in Groups 1-2 compared to Group 3 (p < 0.001, p < 0.001). The SMR was similar in Groups 1 and 2 (p: 0.114). These values were not significantly different from that of Group 3 (p: 0.196, p: 0.209). However, thickness in the DMR in Groups 1-2 were significantly lower than that of controls (Group 3) whereas there was no significant difference between Groups 1 and 2 (p: 0.041, p: 0.039 and 0.986, respectively). Mean DMR/SMR ratios were significantly lower in Groups 1-2 than that of Group 3 (p: 0.040 and p: 0.040, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients using these medications, the iris seems to be thinner at the dilator muscle region, but preserving the sphincter muscle region.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmlogy, Gazi University Medical Faculty , Ankara , Turkey .
authors.forename: Zeynep
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Aktas
authors.forename: Nilay
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yuksel
authors.forename: Gurhan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ceylan
authors.forename: Fazli
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Polat
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hasanreisoglu
authors.forename: Berati
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hasanreisoglu
mesh_terms: D058668:Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D007498:Iris / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000077409:Tamsulosin; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D058668:Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists; D011799:Quinazolines; D013449:Sulfonamides; C047638:alfuzosin; D000077409:Tamsulosin
keywords: Alfuzosin; intraoperative floppy iris syndrome; iris thickness; tamsulosin