title: A systematic follow-up of Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug-resistance and associated genotypic lineages in the French Departments of the Americas over a seventeen-year period.
abstract: THE population of the French Departments of the Americas (FDA) is highly influenced by the intense migratory flows with mainland france and surrounding countries of the Caribbean and Latin America, some of which have high incidence rates of tuberculosis (Haiti: 230/100,000; Guyana: 111/100,000; and Suriname: 145/100,000) and drug resistance. Since the development of drug resistance to conventional antituberculous drugs has a major impact on the treatment success of tuberculosis, we therefore decided to review carefully Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance and associated genotypic lineages in the FDA over a seventeen-year period (January 1995-December 2011). A total of 1239 cases were studied, including 153 drug-resistant and 26 multidrug-resistant- (MDR-) TB cases, representing 12.3% and 2.1% of the TB cases in our study setting. A significantly higher proportion of M. tuberculosis isolates among relapse cases showed drug resistance to isoniazid (22.5%, P = 0.002), rifampicin (20.0%, P < 0.001), or both (MDR-TB, 17.5%; P < 0.001). Determination of spoligotyping based phylogenetic clades showed that among the five major lineages observed--T family (30.1%); Latin-American and Mediterranean (LAM, 23.7%); Haarlem (H, 22.2%); East-African Indian (EAI, 7.2%); and X family (6.5%)--two lineages, X and LAM, were overrepresented in drug-resistant and MDR-TB cases, respectively. Finally, 19 predominant spoligotypes were identified for the 1239 isolates of M. tuberculosis in our study among which 4 were significantly associated with drug resistance corresponding to SIT20/LAM1, SIT64/LAM6, SIT45/H1, and SIT46/undefined lineage.
authors.affiliation: WHO Supranational TB Reference Laboratory, Unité de la Tuberculose et des Mycobactéries, Institut Pasteur de Guadeloupe, 97183 Abymes, Guadeloupe, France.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Millet
authors.affiliation: WHO Supranational TB Reference Laboratory, Unité de la Tuberculose et des Mycobactéries, Institut Pasteur de Guadeloupe, 97183 Abymes, Guadeloupe, France.
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9873-0279
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Streit
authors.affiliation: WHO Supranational TB Reference Laboratory, Unité de la Tuberculose et des Mycobactéries, Institut Pasteur de Guadeloupe, 97183 Abymes, Guadeloupe, France.
authors.forename: Mylène
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berchel
authors.affiliation: WHO Supranational TB Reference Laboratory, Unité de la Tuberculose et des Mycobactéries, Institut Pasteur de Guadeloupe, 97183 Abymes, Guadeloupe, France.
authors.forename: Anne-Gaël
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Bomer
authors.affiliation: WHO Supranational TB Reference Laboratory, Unité de la Tuberculose et des Mycobactéries, Institut Pasteur de Guadeloupe, 97183 Abymes, Guadeloupe, France.
authors.forename: Franziska
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schuster
authors.affiliation: WHO Supranational TB Reference Laboratory, Unité de la Tuberculose et des Mycobactéries, Institut Pasteur de Guadeloupe, 97183 Abymes, Guadeloupe, France.
authors.forename: Delaina
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Paasch
authors.affiliation: WHO Supranational TB Reference Laboratory, Unité de la Tuberculose et des Mycobactéries, Institut Pasteur de Guadeloupe, 97183 Abymes, Guadeloupe, France.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7879-1485
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vanhomwegen
authors.affiliation: Service de Pneumologie, CHU de Pointe-à-Pitre, 97110 Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France ; Centre de Lutte Antituberculeux de la Guadeloupe, CHU de Pointe-à-Pitre, 97110 Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France.
authors.forename: Gilbert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cadelis
authors.affiliation: WHO Supranational TB Reference Laboratory, Unité de la Tuberculose et des Mycobactéries, Institut Pasteur de Guadeloupe, 97183 Abymes, Guadeloupe, France.
authors.forename: Nalin
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7199-7747
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rastogi
mesh_terms: D000569:Americas; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D010802:Phylogeny; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents
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