title: Human papilloma virus, DNA methylation and microRNA expression in cervical cancer (Review).
abstract: Cancer is a complex disease caused by genetic and epigenetic abnormalities that affect gene expression. The progression from precursor lesions to invasive cervical cancer is influenced by persistent human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, which induces changes in the host genome and epigenome. Epigenetic alterations, such as aberrant miRNA expression and changes in DNA methylation status, favor the expression of oncogenes and the silencing of tumor-suppressor genes. Given that some miRNA genes can be regulated through epigenetic mechanisms, it has been proposed that alterations in the methylation status of miRNA promoters could be the driving mechanism behind their aberrant expression in cervical cancer. For these reasons, we assessed the relationship among HPV infection, cellular DNA methylation and miRNA expression. We conclude that alterations in the methylation status of protein-coding genes and various miRNA genes are influenced by HPV infection, the viral genotype, the physical state of the viral DNA, and viral oncogenic risk. Furthermore, HPV induces deregulation of miRNA expression, particularly at loci near fragile sites. This deregulation occurs through the E6 and E7 proteins, which target miRNA transcription factors such as p53.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Laboratory, Academic Unit of Biological Chemical Sciences, Guerrero Autonomous University, Colonia Haciendita, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39070, Mexico.
authors.forename: Hilda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Wences
authors.affiliation: Direction of Chronic Infections and Cancer, Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Public Health, Cerrada los Pinos y Caminera, Colonia Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62100, Mexico.
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Peralta-Zaragoza
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Laboratory, Academic Unit of Biological Chemical Sciences, Guerrero Autonomous University, Colonia Haciendita, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39070, Mexico.
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fernández-Tilapa
mesh_terms: D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000472:pathogenicity; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs
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