title: Dendritic cell maturation: functional specialization through signaling specificity and transcriptional programming.
abstract: Dendritic cells (DC) are key regulators of both protective immune responses and tolerance to self-antigens. Soon after their discovery in lymphoid tissues by Steinman and Cohn, as cells with the unique ability to prime naïve antigen-specific T cells, it was realized that DC can exist in at least two distinctive states characterized by morphological, phenotypic and functional changes-this led to the description of DC maturation. It is now well appreciated that there are several subsets of DC in both lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues of mammals, and these cells show remarkable functional specialization and specificity in their roles in tolerance and immunity. This review will focus on the specific characteristics of DC subsets and how their functional specialization may be regulated by distinctive gene expression programs and signaling responses in both steady-state and in the context of inflammation. In particular, we will highlight the common and distinctive genes and signaling pathways that are associated with the functional maturation of DC subsets.
authors.affiliation: Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Aix-Marseille University UM2, Marseille, France Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1104, Marseille, France Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7280, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dalod
authors.affiliation: Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Aix-Marseille University UM2, Marseille, France Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1104, Marseille, France Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7280, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Rabie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chelbi
authors.affiliation: Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Aix-Marseille University UM2, Marseille, France Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1104, Marseille, France Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7280, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Malissen
authors.affiliation: Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Aix-Marseille University UM2, Marseille, France Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1104, Marseille, France Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7280, Marseille, France lawrence@ciml.univ-mrs.fr.
authors.forename: Toby
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lawrence
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology
keywords: dendritic cells; homeostasis; immunity; tolerance
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