title: Biodegradable and bioactive CGP/PVA film for fungal growth inhibition.
abstract: In this study, chitinolytic enzymes produced by Trichoderma asperellum were immobilized on a biodegradable film manufactured with a blend of cashew gum polysaccharide (CGP) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and tested as a fungal growth inhibitor. The film was produced by casting a blend of CGP and PVA solution on glass molds. The CGP/PVA film showed 68% water solubility, tensile strength of 23.7 MPa, 187.2% elongation and 52% of mass loss after 90 days in soil. The presence of T-CWD enzymes immobilized by adsorption or covalent attachment resulted in effective inhibition of fungal growth. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was the most sensitive organism, followed by Aspergillus niger and Penicillium sp. SEM micrograph showed that the presence of immobilized T-CWD enzymes on CGP/PVA film produced morphological modifications on vegetative and germinative structures of the microorganisms, particularly hyphae disruption and changes of spores shape.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Laboratório de Química de Proteínas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Cx. Postal 131, 74001-970 Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bárbara Dumas S
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos e Medicamentos, Laboratório de Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Cx. Postal 6001, CEP 86051-990, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cirano J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Ulhoa
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Laboratório de Química de Proteínas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Cx. Postal 131, 74001-970 Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
authors.forename: Karla A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Batista
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Laboratório de Química de Proteínas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Cx. Postal 131, 74001-970 Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Carolina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Di Medeiros
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Laboratório de Química de Proteínas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Cx. Postal 131, 74001-970 Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rômulo Roosevelt
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Da Silva Filho
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Cx. Postal 6001. CEP 86051-990 Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Laboratório de Química de Proteínas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Cx. Postal 131, 74001-970 Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kátia F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Fernandes
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D001234:Aspergillus niger / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000378:metabolism; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010407:Penicillium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012995:Solubility; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013818:Thermogravimetry
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D011134:Polysaccharides; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol