title: Expression and correlation analysis of IL-4, IFN-γ and FcαRI in tonsillar mononuclear cells in patients with IgA nephropathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Clinical deterioration of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is frequently preceded by episodes of upper respiratory tract infection such as tonsillitis. The aim of this study was attempt to investigate the expression and correlation of IL-4, IFN-γ and FcαRI in tonsillar mononuclear cells under stimulations of α-hemolytic streptococcus (HS) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in patients with IgA nephropathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tonsillar mononuclear cells isolated from 26 patients with IgAN and 25 patients with chronic tonsillitis (CT) as controls were cultured for 72h with or without α-hemolytic streptococcus (HS) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Concentration of IL-4 and IFN-γ level were determined by ELISA. Expression levels of IL-4, IFN-γ and FcαRI mRNA were measured by real-time PCR, respectively. FcαRI expressing cells were tracked by flow cytometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The supernatant concentration of IL-4, IFN-γ and the expression of IL-4, IFN-γ and FcαRI mRNA in the IgA nephropathy group was markedly increased compared with the non-IgAN group. With the stimulation of HS, the production of IL-4 and the FcαRI expressing cells in the IgA nephropathy group was significantly increased than the non-IgAN group, while the secretion of IFN-γ was remarkably decreased in the IgA nephropathy group than the non-IgAN group. Upon the LPS stimulation, the concentration of IL-4, IFN-γ in the supernatant of the IgA nephropathy group was markedly increased compared with the non-IgAN group. However, there wasn't significant difference in the FcαRI expressing cells between the LPS stimulated IgAN group and the non-IgAN group. The expression of FcαRI is in a negative correlation with IL-4 while positive with IFN-γ.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The tonsillar mononuclear cells of IgAN may in a state of overactive immune response, which probably can promote the secretion of Th cytokines, involving in the pathogenesis of IgAN.
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Department, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Department, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Department, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: pengyouming5577@163.com.
authors.forename: Youming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Department, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Liyu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Department, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Department, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yinxing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Department, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaofei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Department, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Department, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fuyou
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D005922:Glomerulonephritis, IGA / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000276:immunology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014066:Palatine Tonsil / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011961:Receptors, Fc / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000276:immunology; D014069:Tonsillitis / Q000276:immunology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; C036832:Fc(alpha) receptor; C508598:IL4 protein, human; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011961:Receptors, Fc; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma
keywords: FcαRI; IgA nephropathy; Interferon-γ (IFN-γ); Interleukin-4 (IL-4); Tonsil mononuclear cell