title: Effects of gypenosides on anxiety disorders in MPTP-lesioned mouse model of Parkinson's disease.
abstract: Ethanol extract (GP-EX) of Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP) ameliorates chronic stress-induced anxiety in mice. The present study investigated the effects of gypenoside-enriched components (GPS), GP-EX and water extract of GP (GP-WX) on MPTP lesion-induced affective disorders in C57BL/6 mice. GPS (50mg/kg) and GP-EX (50mg/kg) for 21 day-treatment period improved the symptom of anxiety disorders in the MPTP-lesioned mouse model of PD with or without L-DOPA treatment, which was examined by the elevated plus-maze and marble burying tests. In these states, treatments with GPS (50mg/kg) and GP-EX (50mg/kg) significantly increased the brain levels of dopamine and serotonin in the MPTP-lesioned mouse model of PD with or without l-DOPA treatment. In addition, treatments with GPS (50mg/kg) and GP-EX (50mg/kg) showed protective effects on dopaminergic neurons in MPTP-lesioned mouse model of PD with or without L-DOPA treatment. In contrast, GPS (30 mg/kg) and GP-WX (50mg/kg) showed anxiolytic effects in the same animal models, but it was not significant. These results suggest that GPS (50mg/kg) and GP-EX (50mg/kg) showed anxiolytic effects on affective disorders and protective effects on dopaminergic neurons by modulating the brain levels of dopamine and serotonin in the MPTP-lesioned mouse model of PD with or without l-DOPA treatment. Clinical trials of GPS and GP-EX need to be conducted further so as to develop adjuvant therapeutic agents for PD patients.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Research Center for Bioresource and Health, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Keon Sung
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Research Center for Bioresource and Health, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ting Ting
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungcheong University, 38, Wuelgok-gil, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 363-890, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Sook
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Research Center for Bioresource and Health, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Bang Yeon
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Research Center for Bioresource and Health, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chong Kil
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Research Center for Bioresource and Health, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: myklee@chungbuk.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Myung Koo
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D059290:Dopaminergic Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D029774:Gynostemma; D007980:Levodopa / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; C474918:gypenoside; D014867:Water; D012701:Serotonin; D000431:Ethanol; D007980:Levodopa; D004298:Dopamine
keywords: Dopamine; Elevated plus-maze; Gynostemma pentaphyllum; Gypenosides; MPTP; Serotonin