title: An evidence-based comparison of operational criteria for the presence of sarcopenia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several consensus groups have previously published operational criteria for sarcopenia, incorporating lean mass with strength and/or physical performance. The purpose of this manuscript is to describe the prevalence, agreement, and discrepancies between the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) criteria with other operational definitions for sarcopenia.
  
  
  METHODS
  The FNIH Sarcopenia Project used data from nine studies including: Age, Gene and Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study; Boston Puerto Rican Health Study; a series of six clinical trials from the University of Connecticut; Framingham Heart Study; Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study; Invecchiare in Chianti; Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study; Rancho Bernardo Study; and Study of Osteoporotic Fractures. Participants included in these analyses were aged 65 and older and had measures of body mass index, appendicular lean mass, grip strength, and gait speed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of sarcopenia and agreement proportions was higher in women than men. The lowest prevalence was observed with the FNIH criteria (1.3% men and 2.3% women) compared with the International Working Group and the European Working Group for Sarcopenia in Older Persons (5.1% and 5.3% in men and 11.8% and 13.3% in women, respectively). The positive percent agreements between the FNIH criteria and other criteria were low, ranging from 7% to 32% in men and 5% to 19% in women. However, the negative percent agreement were high (all >95%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The FNIH criteria result in a more conservative operational definition of sarcopenia, and the prevalence was lower compared with other proposed criteria. Agreement for diagnosing sarcopenia was low, but agreement for ruling out sarcopenia was very high. Consensus on the operational criteria for the diagnosis of sarcopenia is much needed to characterize populations for study and to identify adults for treatment.
authors.affiliation: Columbia University, 5141 Broadway Avenue, 3 Field West, Room 13, New York, NY 10034. td2265@columbia.edu.
authors.forename: Thuy-Tien
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Dam
authors.forename: Katherine W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: Maren
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fragala
authors.forename: Peggy M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Cawthon
authors.forename: Tamara B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McLean
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shardell
authors.forename: Dawn E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Alley
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kenny
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferrucci
authors.forename: Jack
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guralnik
authors.forename: Douglas P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Kiel
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kritchevsky
authors.forename: Maria T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Vassileva
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Studenski
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology; D018737:Hand Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009316:National Institutes of Health (U.S.); D015995:Prevalence; D055948:Sarcopenia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012737:Sex Factors; D013851:Thinness / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Lean mass.; Muscle; Sarcopenia
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