title: Ischemic heart disease and the Mediterranean diet.
abstract: Lifestyle modification is primary in cardiovascular (CV) disease prevention. A major contribution is the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), defined by two of seven components. Italian investigators determined a significant decrease in peripheral arterial disease of 56 % for a high score. Multiple specific CV risk factors are also favorably modified by the MedDiet. This includes beneficial effect on inflammation, vascular endothelium, and insulin resistance. There is also evidence that coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome are decreased. Benefit appears to extend to new migrants in France. The economics of dietary adherence are favorable with decreased total lifetime health costs. Although mixed nuts appear to be a major factor in the MedDiet, special emphasis goes to extra virgin olive oil. Benefit also extends to other noncommunicable diseases with a decrease in cancer, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Further quantitation of benefit and understanding of mechanisms involved in dietary benefit is essential.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gill Heart Institute, University of Kentucky, 326 Wethington Building, 900 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536-0200, USA, twhayn0@uky.edu.
authors.forename: Thomas F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Whayne
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior
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