title: Effects of DNA repair gene polymorphisms on DNA damage in human lymphocytes induced by a vinyl chloride metabolite in vitro.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Epidemiologic studies suggest that variability in DNA damage from vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) may be partially mediated by genetic polymorphisms in DNA repair. This study aimed to corroborate these observations with controlled experiments in vitro using cell lines from individuals with differing DNA repair genotypes to determine damage following VCM metabolite exposure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Matched pairs of lymphoblast cell lines (homozygous wild-type versus homozygous variant for either XRCC1 399 or XPD 751 polymorphism) were exposed to chloroacetaldehyde and analyzed by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All cell lines demonstrated a dose-response of increasing micronuclei with increasing exposure, but for both XRCC1 and XPD, the polymorphic cells peaked at higher micronucleus frequencies and declined at a slower rate to baseline than the wild-type cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This supports the findings that XRCC1 and XPD polymorphisms may result in deficient DNA repair of VCM-induced genetic damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fudan University , Shanghai , China and.
authors.forename: Nannan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Yongliang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Changmin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: Zhao-Lin
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Paul W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Brandt-Rauf
mesh_terms: D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D004249:DNA Damage; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D014752:Vinyl Chloride / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014752:Vinyl Chloride
keywords: DNA repair; micronuclei; polymorphisms