title: An investigation of the colorectal cancer experience and receptivity to family-based cancer prevention programs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cancer is a shared family experience and may provide a "teachable moment" to motivate at-risk family members to adopt cancer prevention and health promotion behaviors. This study explored how a diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is experienced by family members and may be used to develop a family-based CRC prevention program. Preferences regarding content, timing, and modes of program delivery were examined. Social cognitive theory provided the conceptual framework for the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study employed mixed methodology (semi-structured interviews and self-report questionnaires). Participants included 73 adults (21 patients, 52 family members) from 23 families (two patients were deceased prior to being interviewed). Most patients (n = 14; 67 %) were interviewed 1-5 years post-diagnosis. Individual interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and content analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For many, a CRC diagnosis was described as a shared family experience. Family members supported each other's efforts to prevent CRC through screening, exercising, and maintaining a healthy diet. Teachable moments for introducing a family-based program included the time of the patient's initial cancer surgery and post-chemotherapy. Reported willingness to participate in a family-based program was associated with risk perception, self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, and the social/community context in which the program would be embedded. Program preferences included cancer screening, diet/nutrition, weight management, stress reduction, and exercise. Challenges included geographic dispersion, variation in education levels, generational differences, and scheduling.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CRC patients and family members are receptive to family-based programs. Feasibility concerns, which may be mitigated but not eliminated with technological advances, must be addressed for successful family-based programs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA, radeckibreitkopf.carmen@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Radecki Breitkopf
authors.forename: Gladys B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Asiedu
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Egginton
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sinicrope
authors.forename: Seung M L
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Opyrchal
authors.forename: Lisa A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Howell
authors.forename: Christi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Patten
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Boardman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology*; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011314:Preventive Health Services; D020377:Self Efficacy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
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