title: The application of the starfish hatching enzyme for the improvement of scar and keloid based on the fibroblast-populated collagen lattice.
abstract: Various bioactivities of the starfish hatching enzyme (HE) including collagen gel contraction, MMPs activity, hydroxyproline release, and gene regulation based on the fibroblast-populated collagen lattice (FPCL) in three-dimensional medium were investigated for the improvement of scar and keloid. The starfish HE significantly inhibited the collagen gel contraction over 2 days of culture. MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities were also identified by gelatin zymography and RT-PCR products with both HE and collagenase treatments, which resulted in the high amount of hydroxyproline release. The HE treatment on the FPCL significantly inhibited the fibroblast proliferation at 3 days of culture. The LPS-induced NO level and iNOS mRNA expression at low concentrations of HE presented a certain ability to inflammatory response. The COX-2 mRNA from the FPCL indicated no significant inflammation-mediated activity at 5 μg/mL of HE, whereas the cytokines of TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly higher than those of the control. Hence, the starfish hatching enzyme can regulate the fibroblast-populated collagen gel conditions by the contraction, MMP production, inflammatory gene expression, etc. Therefore, the starfish HE could be a potential cosmeceutical to heal the scar and keloid tissue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Engineering, College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163-319, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhi Jiang
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Sang Moo
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D007627:Keloid / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013215:Starfish / Q000201:enzymology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C508585:IL1B protein, human; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D003094:Collagen; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; C024344:envelysin; C522361:MMP2 protein, human; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9