title: Terminal-end functionalization of chondroitin sulfate for the synthesis of biomimetic proteoglycans.
abstract: Chondroitin sulfate (CS) based bottle brush proteoglycan mimetics may be employed to restore tissue functionality. Synthesis of CS bottle brush structures requires immobilization of CS at its terminal end. In this study, we investigated commercially available natural CS for use in CS bottle brush synthesis. A terminal primary amine on CS was identified and utilized to conjugate amine-reactive vinyl monomers (i.e. acrylic acid and allyl glycidyl ether). Conjugation of vinyl monomers to the CS terminal amine was confirmed using a fluorescamine assay, (1)H NMR, and ATR-FTIR. CS was also immobilized onto epoxy functionalized surfaces via the CS terminal primary amine as confirmed by contact angle measurements of surface wettability. Attachment of polymeriziable end groups to CS and attachment of CS to functionalized substrates demonstrated here are the first steps towards synthesis of CS bottle brush PG mimics.
authors.affiliation: Drexel University, School of Biomedical Engineering, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarkar
authors.affiliation: Drexel University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Lightfoot-Vidal
authors.affiliation: Drexel University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Schauer
authors.affiliation: Pennsylvania State University, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Surgery, 30 Hope Drive Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vresilovic
authors.affiliation: Drexel University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marcolongo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000032:analysis / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D002417:Cattle; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000032:analysis / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D011509:Proteoglycans; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates