title: Novel, multimodal approach for basic transesophageal echocardiographic teaching.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Web and simulation technology may help in creating a transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) curriculum. The authors discuss the educational principles applied to developing and implementing a multimodal TEE curriculum.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors modified a pilot course based on principles for effective simulation-based education. Key curricular elements were consistent with principles for effective simulation-based education: (1) clear goals and carefully structured objectives, (2) conveniently accessed, graduated, longitudinal instruction, (3) a protected and optimal learning environment, (4) repetition of concepts and technical skills, (5) progressive expectations for understanding and skill development, (6) introduction of abnormalities after understanding of normal anatomy and probe manipulation is achieved, (7) live learning sessions that are customizable to meet learner needs and individualized proctoring in skill sessions, (8) use of multiple approaches to teaching, (9) regular and relevant feedback, and (10) application of performance and compliance measures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-five learners participated in a curriculum with web-based modules, live teaching, and simulation practice between August 2011 and May 2013.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is possible to develop and implement an integrated, multimodal TEE curriculum supported by educational theory. The authors will explore the transferability of this approach to intraoperative TEE on live patients.
authors.affiliation: Harvard Medical School, Boston MA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA. Electronic address: jdmitche@bidmc.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.affiliation: Harvard Medical School, Boston MA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA.
authors.forename: Feroze
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mahmood
authors.affiliation: Harvard Medical School, Boston MA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA.
authors.forename: Ruma
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bose
authors.affiliation: Harvard Medical School, Boston MA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA.
authors.forename: Philip E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Hess
authors.affiliation: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA.
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Harvard Medical School, Boston MA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA.
authors.forename: Robina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Matyal
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003479:Curriculum; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D007396:Internship and Residency; D013663:Teaching; D013903:Thoracic Surgery / Q000193:education*
keywords: TEE; echocardiography; education; simulation