title: Gene cloning, expression, and function analysis of SpL14-3-3ζ in Spodoptera litura and its response to the entomopathogenic fungus Nomuraea rileyi.
abstract: The 14-3-3 proteins, a highly evolutionarily conserved and ubiquitous protein family in eukaryotic cells, have a range of biological functions including regulation of signal transduction, stress response, apoptosis, and control of the cell cycle. To investigate the function of 14-3-3 in Spodoptera litura, the full length of 14-3-3ζ was cloned from S. litura on the basis of an expressed sequence tag of 14-3-3ζ from the S. litura fat body suppression subtractive hybridization library, and named SpL14-3-3ζ. SpL14-3-3ζ cDNA was 1196 bp with an open reading frame of 744 bp, encoding 247 amino acids. Multiple alignment analysis revealed the putative amino acids shared >80% homology with 14-3-3ζ from other organisms and shared typical conservative structures. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed SpL14-3-3ζ was closely related to other available Lepidoptera 14-3-3ζ. Real-time PCR analysis indicated SpL14-3-3ζ was expressed throughout the developmental stages of S. litura, with a relatively high expression level in pre-pupa, and was expressed constitutively in all examined tissues with relatively high levels in hemocytes and midgut. Moreover, the transcription level of SpL14-3-3ζ could be induced by Nomuraea rileyi infection, up-regulated in hemocytes, followed by head, fat body and midgut. Knocking down SpL14-3-3ζ transcripts by RNAi significantly increased S. litura sensitivity to fungal infection, and resulted in higher mortality of S. litura during the larval development. These results provide novel insights into the 14-3-3ζ signal regulation which may be related to host defense as well as larval development in S. litura.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Fungal Insecticide, 400030, China.
authors.forename: Eryan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors.forename: Huan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Fungal Insecticide, 400030, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Fungal Insecticide, 400030, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Fungal Insecticide, 400030, China.
authors.forename: Zhongkang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Fungal Insecticide, 400030, China. Electronic address: ypy128@sina.com.
authors.forename: Youping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yin
mesh_terms: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D006434:Hemocytes / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006999:Hypocreales / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D007814:Larva / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009026:Mortality; D010802:Phylogeny; D034622:RNA Interference; D018411:Spodoptera / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; D019476:Insect Proteins
keywords: 14-3-3ζ; Gene function; Nomuraea rileyi; RNA interference; Spodoptera litura