title: Advances in device and formulation technologies for pulmonary drug delivery.
abstract: Inhaled pharmaceuticals are formulated and delivered differently according to the therapeutic indication. However, specific device-formulation coupling is often fickle, and new medications or indications also demand new strategies. The discontinuation of chlorofluorocarbon propellants has seen replacement of older metered dose inhalers with dry powder inhaler formulations. High-dose dry powder inhalers are increasingly seen as an alternative dosage form for nebulised medications. In other cases, new medications have completely bypassed conventional inhalers and been formulated for use with unique inhalers such as the Staccato® device. Among these different devices, integration of software and electronic assistance has become a shared trend. This review covers recent device and formulation advances that are forming the current landscape of inhaled therapeutics.
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2037, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: John Gar Yan
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Qi Tony
authors.initials: QT
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Sharon Shui Yee
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: Hak-Kim
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D058995:Dry Powder Inhalers / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism*; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*
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