title: Impact of fructose diet and renal failure on the function of pancreatic islets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to evaluate the impact of fructose-rich diet and chronic kidney disease (CKD) on the in vitro function of pancreatic islets.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-four rats were divided into 3 equal groups as follows: control, rats with CKD 1/2 that underwent surgical uninephrectomy, and rats with CKD 5/6 that underwent uninephrectomy and kidney cortex mass resection. Each group was further assigned to 3 diet protocols--regular diet, regular diet with 10% fructose (F10), and 60% fructose-rich diet (F60). After 8 weeks of insulin administration, C-peptide, glycated hemoglobin level, serum urea nitrogen, creatinine clearance, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance were evaluated. Static glucose insulin stimulation test of isolated pancreatic islets and histologic analysis of pancreatic tissue were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The F10 diet increased the levels of insulin and C-peptide in all groups. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance was increased in all animals fed with fructose. The elevated levels of creatinine and diminished creatinine clearance were detected in CKD 5/6 rats fed with 60% fructose-rich diet. The F10 diet resulted in high levels of serum insulin and C-peptide and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Fructose-rich diet increased the islet size and number, with irregular morphology and exocrine tissue fibrosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The fructose-rich diet accelerates the progression of CKD and affects the pancreatic islet function.
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of *Tissue Engineering, and †Nephrology, Internal Medicine and Hypertension, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz; ‡Department of Dialysis, New Hospital in Świecie, Świecie; Departments of §Microbiology, ∥Clinical Pathomorphology, and ¶Laboratory Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz; #Department of Pathology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan; and **Department of Urology, Nicolaus Copernicus Hospital, Torun, Poland.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pokrywczynska
authors.forename: Mariusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Flisinski
authors.forename: Arkadiusz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jundzill
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Krzyzanowska
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brymora
authors.forename: Aleksander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deptula
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bodnar
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kloskowski
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stefanska
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marszalek
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Manitius
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Drewa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D002096:C-Peptide; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D005632:Fructose; D003404:Creatinine; D005947:Glucose