title: A role of lipid metabolism during cumulus-oocyte complex maturation: impact of lipid modulators to improve embryo production.
abstract: Oocyte intracellular lipids are mainly stored in lipid droplets (LD) providing energy for proper growth and development. Lipids are also important signalling molecules involved in the regulatory mechanisms of maturation and hence in oocyte competence acquisition. Recent studies show that LD are highly dynamic organelles. They change their shape, volume, and location within the ooplasm as well as their interaction with other organelles during the maturation process. The droplets high lipid content has been correlated with impaired oocyte developmental competence and low cryosurvival. Yet the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In particular, the lipid-rich pig oocyte might be an excellent model to understand the role of lipids and fatty acid metabolism during the mammalian oocyte maturation and their implications on subsequent monospermic fertilization and preimplantation embryo development. The possibility of using chemical molecules to modulate the lipid content of oocytes and embryos to improve cryopreservation as well as its biological effects during development is here described. Furthermore, these principles of lipid content modulation may be applied not only to germ cells and embryo cryopreservation in livestock production but also to biomedical fundamental research.
authors.affiliation: INIAV Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Unidade de Biotecnologias e Recursos Genéticos-Santarém, Quinta da Fonte Boa, 2000-048 Vale de Santarém, Portugal ; Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas (ICAAM), Universidade de Évora, Núcleo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7002-554 Évora, Portugal.
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Prates
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas (ICAAM), Universidade de Évora, Núcleo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7002-554 Évora, Portugal.
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.affiliation: INIAV Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Unidade de Biotecnologias e Recursos Genéticos-Santarém, Quinta da Fonte Boa, 2000-048 Vale de Santarém, Portugal ; Escola Universitária Vasco da Gama, Mosteiro de S. Jorge de Milréu, 3040-714 Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Pereira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D015925:Cryopreservation; D054885:Cumulus Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D047108:Embryonic Development; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005306:Fertilization; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D009866:Oogenesis; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D008055:Lipids
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