title: The effect of intrapartum antibiotics on early-onset neonatal sepsis in Dhaka, Bangladesh: a propensity score matched analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We estimate the effect of antibiotics given in the intrapartum period on early-onset neonatal sepsis in Dhaka, Bangladesh using propensity score techniques.
  
  
  METHODS
  We followed 600 mother-newborn pairs as part of a cohort study at a maternity center in Dhaka. Some pregnant women received one dose of intravenous antibiotics during labor based on clinician discretion. Newborns were followed over the first seven days of life for early-onset neonatal sepsis defined by a modified version of the World Health Organization Young Infants Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses criteria.Using propensity scores we matched women who received antibiotics with similar women who did not. A final logistic regression model predicting sepsis was run in the matched sample controlling for additional potential confounders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 600 mother-newborn pairs, 48 mothers (8.0%) received antibiotics during the intrapartum period. Seventy-seven newborns (12.8%) were classified with early-onset neonatal sepsis. Antibiotics appeared to be protective (odds ratio 0.381, 95% confidence interval 0.115-1.258), however this was not statistically significant. The results were similar after adjusting for prematurity, wealth status, and maternal colonization status (odds ratio 0.361, 95% confidence interval 0.106-1.225).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Antibiotics administered during the intrapartum period may reduce the risk of early-onset neonatal sepsis in high neonatal mortality settings like Dhaka.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, USA. grace.chan@childrens.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Grace J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Stuart
authors.forename: Marzia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zaman
authors.forename: Abdullah A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Mahmud
authors.forename: Abdullah H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Baqui
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Black
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D001459:Bangladesh; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007226:Infant Mortality; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018743:Perinatal Care; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy; D057216:Propensity Score; D018805:Sepsis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
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