title: Association of mammographic breast density with dairy product consumption, sun exposure, and daily activity.
abstract: Background. Mammographic density is a risk factor, for breast cancer and its association with various factors is under investigation; we carried out a study to assess its relationship with daily dairy intake, sun exposure, and physical activities. Patients and Methods. Women ≥40 years of age were interviewed about habits of dairy product consumption, daily sun exposure and physical activity. Exclusion criteria consisted of history of breast cancer, consumption of calcium and vitamin D supplements, hormone replacement therapy, or renal disease. Mammographic densities were classified according to the classification system of the American College of Radiologists into 4 classes. Results. Overall 703 cases were entered in the study. The mean age was 48.2 ± 6.2 years. The most common and least frequent classes of mammographic density were classes 2 and 4, respectively. There was no significant association between mammographic density and rate of dairy consumption, amount of sunlight exposure, and daily physical activity. Conclusion. Relation of sunlight exposure and intake of milk products with mammographic density need further study, while the subject of physical activity can be evaluated by a systematic review and meta-analysis of the existing literature.
authors.affiliation: Surgery Department, Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; Vali-e-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Sadaf
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7451-4077
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alipour
authors.affiliation: Surgery Department, Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Azin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saberi
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Afsaneh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alikhassi
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department, Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bayani
authors.affiliation: Research Development Center, Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ladan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hosseini
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