title: Chrysin ameliorates diabetes-associated cognitive deficits in Wistar rats.
abstract: Chrysin (CH) is an important natural plant flavonoid and possesses diverse pharmacological activities. Our present investigations aimed to assess the neuroprotection of CH against diabetes-associated cognitive decline (DACD) in a rat model of diabetes and exploring its potential mechanism. Diabetic model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Then, they were treated with vehicle or CH by doses of 30 and 100 mg/kg for 26 days. Learning and memory function was evaluated by Morris water maze test. The oxidative indicators [malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH)], NF-κB p65 unit, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and caspase-3 were measured in cerebral cortex and hippocampus using corresponding commercial kits. The diabetic rats showed marked reductions in body weight, percentage of time spent in target quadrant and number of times of crossing platform, coupled with increases in plasma glucose levels, escape latency, mean path length and oxidative stress (increased MDA level and decreased CAT and SOD as well as reduced GSH), NF-κB p65 unit, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and caspase-3 in cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Moreover, CH supplement dramatically reversed the corresponding behavioral, biochemical and molecular alterations in diabetes. The alterations of swimming speed among different groups were not observed after CH adminstration. In conclusion, our current work discloses that CH remarkably alleviates DACD and suggests that oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptotic cascades are linked with diabetes-associated cognitive deficits. These findings point toward the therapeutic potential of CH in DACD.
authors.affiliation: Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 ZhongShan Road, Dalian, 116011, China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Aihua
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zang
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Huiyun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Longshan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Zhonghua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000378:metabolism; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013311:Streptozocin
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D005419:Flavonoids; C043561:chrysin; D013311:Streptozocin
references.citation: Diabetologia. 2003 Jul;46(7):940-8
references.pmid: 12819900
references.citation: Nature. 2000 Apr 13;404(6779):787-90
references.pmid: 10783895
references.citation: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2001 Apr;928:168-75
references.pmid: 11795507
references.citation: Eur J Pharmacol. 2008 May 6;585(1):88-96
references.pmid: 18396273
references.citation: Diabetologia. 2006 Jun;49(6):1447-8
references.pmid: 16598451
references.citation: Lancet Neurol. 2008 Feb;7(2):184-90
references.pmid: 18207116
references.citation: Phytochemistry. 1997 Dec;46(8):1349-53
references.pmid: 9419900
references.citation: J Endocrinol. 2005 Oct;187(1):37-44
references.pmid: 16214939
references.citation: Biochem Pharmacol. 2005 Jan 15;69(2):339-45
references.pmid: 15627486
references.citation: Neurobiol Aging. 2005 Dec;26 Suppl 1:11-6
references.pmid: 16223549
references.citation: Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2005 Oct 31;140(1-2):45-54
references.pmid: 16153742
references.citation: Diabetologia. 2008 May;51(5):756-61
references.pmid: 18309474
references.citation: Trends Neurosci. 2000 Nov;23(11):542-9
references.pmid: 11074263
references.citation: Eur J Pharmacol. 2012 Apr 5;680(1-3):41-8
references.pmid: 22314218
references.citation: Endocr Rev. 2008 Jun;29(4):494-511
references.pmid: 18436709
references.citation: Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2009 Apr;92(2):251-9
references.pmid: 19138703
references.citation: Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2007 Nov;88(1):64-72
references.pmid: 17698178
references.citation: Pharmacol Res. 2004 Jan;49(1):37-43
references.pmid: 14597150
references.citation: Exp Brain Res. 2008 Mar;185(3):411-20
references.pmid: 17955223
references.citation: J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Dec 4;50(25):7220-5
references.pmid: 12452635
references.citation: Neuroreport. 2001 May 25;12(7):1449-52
references.pmid: 11388427
references.citation: Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2011 Dec;100(2):320-9
references.pmid: 21893084
references.citation: Age Ageing. 2010 Jan;39(1):8-10
references.pmid: 19917634