title: Benzene homologues in environmental matrixes from a pesticide chemical region in China: Occurrence, health risk and management.
abstract: The contamination status and health risks of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) in air, soil, dust and groundwater were evaluated in a pesticide chemical region located in Hebei province, China. The concentrations of BTEX in air ranged from 7.80 to 238ug/m(3) and those in soil and dust ranged from lower than limit of detection (LOD) to 32,360ng/g dw, and those in groundwater varied from 2.68 to 98.6ug/L. Generally, the levels of BTEX in multimedia matrixes were all below the standards established in China. Health risk assessment was performed based on the monitoring data via inhalation, dermal contact and ingestion pathways and hazard quotient (HQ) was calculated to be on the order of 10(-7), below 10(-6), and Hazard index (HI) levels of BTEX were lower than 1.0. However, both HQ and HI ascended with an increase in work experience/exposure. Integrated risk management was proposed to eliminate BTEX pollution and to protect occupational health of workers in those industries.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China. Electronic address: wangty@rcees.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Tieyu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
authors.forename: Pang
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bo
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China.
authors.forename: Tan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bing
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
authors.forename: Zhu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhaoyun
authors.affiliation: College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
authors.forename: Du
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liyu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yonglong
mesh_terms: D000388:Air / Q000032:analysis; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D001554:Benzene / Q000032:analysis*; D001555:Benzene Derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D002681:China; D004391:Dust / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D014050:Toluene / Q000032:analysis; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D014992:Xylenes / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D001555:Benzene Derivatives; D004391:Dust; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D010575:Pesticides; D012987:Soil; D014992:Xylenes; D014867:Water; D014050:Toluene; D001554:Benzene; C004912:ethylbenzene
keywords: BTEX; Multi-media; Pesticide plant; Risk assessment