title: A case of severe thrombocytopaenia associated with acute HIV-1 infection.
abstract: A 23-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with severe thrombocytopaenia. He had unprotected sexual contact 6 weeks earlier. He was diagnosed with acute HIV infection by means of HIV RNA viral load testing and HIV-associated thrombocytopaenia. Although his thrombocytopaenia improved immediately with short-term dexamethasone therapy, this effect was not sustained after cessation of therapy. Antiretroviral therapy including raltegravir was initiated, and the patient recovered from severe thrombocytopaenia within several days. The findings from this case suggest that acute HIV infection should be suspected with unexplained thrombocytopaenia, and that antiretroviral therapy is the treatment of choice for severe HIV-associated thrombocytopaenia, even when in the early period following acquisition of the virus.
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Ami
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan hmoro@med.niigata-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moro
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asakawa
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moriyama
authors.affiliation: Division of Infection Control and Prevention, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshinari
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanabe
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kagamu
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Ichiei
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Narita
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects; D018451:Homosexuality, Male; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000821:virology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019562:Viral Load; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D012367:RNA, Viral
keywords: AIDS; HIV; acute HIV infection; antiretroviral therapy; seroconversion; thrombocytopaenia