title: An ignored cause of inflammation in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: periodontal problems.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to assess whether there is a significant relation between periodontal health status and inflammation in uremic patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and also to reveal the efficiency of periodontal treatment in patients with various degrees of periodontal problems.
  
  
  METHODS
  Overall, 68 patients undergoing CAPD were included in the study. Clinical indices and measurements were obtained at baseline and panoramic radiographies were used for the diagnosis. According to the baseline values, patients were stratified into four groups according to the severity of periodontal problems as follows: healthy/gingivitis, slight-to-moderate, and severe periodontitis. A control examination was performed 3 months after the periodontal treatment for only 43 patients. Clinical and laboratory parameters before and after treatment were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of periodontal disease was found to be high in uremic patients on CAPD. The frequency and severity of periodontitis was also found to be significantly (p < 0.01) higher in patients with high sensitive C-reactive protein levels and longer duration of peritoneal dialysis (p < 0.01). In addition, the periodontitis rate was found to be higher in patients with cardiovascular disease (p < 0.05) and diabetes mellitus (p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A meticulous periodontal examination should be a routine part of management of the uremic patients on CAPD because periodontal disease could be one of the hidden sources of unexplained inflammatory status.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Erciyes University Medical Faculty, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey, iikocyigit@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ismail
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kocyigit
authors.forename: Hasan Esat
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Yucel
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Cakmak
authors.forename: Fatma
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dogruel
authors.forename: Dürdane Banu
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Durukan
authors.forename: Hafsa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Korkar
authors.forename: Aydin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Unal
authors.forename: Murat Hayri
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Sipahioglu
authors.forename: Oktay
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Oymak
authors.forename: Cem A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Gurgan
authors.forename: Bulent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tokgoz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000517:prevention & control; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory / Q000009:adverse effects; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
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