title: [Influence of the reference values for semen analysis proposed in the 5th edition of WHO laboratory manual on the indication spectrum for intrauterine insemination].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the influence of the reference values for semen analysis proposed in the 5th edition of the WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen on the indication spectrum for intrauterine insemination (IUI).
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 111 cycles of IUI by the reference values for semen analysis in the 4th edition of the WHO Laboratory Manual (group A) and 84 cycles by the 5th edition (group B). We recorded and compared the percentages of various indications for IUI between the two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The complications for IUI in groups A and B were as follows: asthenospermia (87.4% [97/111] vs 55.9% [47/84], P < 0.05), oligospermia (0 vs 0), teratospermia (51.4% [57/111] vs 35.7% [30/84]) , abnormal liquefaction (0.9% [1/111] vs O) , sexual dysfunction and genital malformation (0 vs 3.6% [3/84] , immune infertility (0.9% [ 1/111] vs O), and unexplained infertility (3.6% [4/111] vs 2. 4% [2/84 ] ). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the percentages of all the indications except that of asthenospermia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The reference values for semen analysis proposed in the 5th edition of the WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen have an evident influence on the indication spectrum for IUI by largely reducing the cases of IUI for male factors, prolonging the cycles of some patients, causing excessive diagnosis and treatment for females, and increasing their mental and economic burdens.
authors.forename: Yun-Shan
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Bi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Li-Hua
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Cai-Ling
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Jian-Jun
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000075202:Contraindications; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007315:Insemination, Artificial; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D012016:Reference Values; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012661:Semen; D055101:Semen Analysis; D014944:World Health Organization