title: The organization of the sphingosine 1-phosphate signaling system.
abstract: The understanding of the role of the sphingosine 1-phosphate signaling system in immunology and host defense has deepened exponentially over the past 12 years since the discovery that lymphocyte egress was reversibly modulated by sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors, and with the development of fingolimod, a prodrug of a nonselective S1P receptor agonist, for therapeutic use in the treatment of relapsing, remitting multiple sclerosis. Innovative genetic and chemical approaches, together with structural biology, now provide a more detailed molecular understanding of a regulated lysophospholipid ligand with a variety of autocrine, paracrine, and systemic effects in physiology and pathology, based upon selective interactions with a high affinity and selective evolutionary cluster of G-protein-coupled receptors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA, hrosen@scripps.edu.
authors.forename: Hugh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Germana Sanna
authors.forename: Pedro J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Cabrera
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Roberts
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D008246:Lysophospholipids / Q000378:metabolism*; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D049349:Receptors, Lysosphingolipid / Q000819:agonists / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008246:Lysophospholipids; D049349:Receptors, Lysosphingolipid; C060506:sphingosine 1-phosphate; D013110:Sphingosine