title: The influence of the metabolic syndrome on atrial fibrillation occurrence and outcome after coronary bypass surgery: a 3-year follow-up study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We sought to investigate the influence of the metabolic syndrome (MS) on new-onset postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF), and occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) in a period of 3 years after isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 460 patients who underwent the first CABG operation without baseline atrial fibrillation. The MS was defined by the presence of three or more Adult Treatment Panel (ATP)-American Heart Association (AHA)- National Heart, Lung, and Blood (NHLB) Institute criteria. POAF was diagnosed by continuous electrocardiographic monitoring during the first 48 to 72 hours after CABG. All the patients were followed up for at least 3 years after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MS and its criteria were significantly associated with POAF and MACCE occurrence in the 3-year period after isolated CABG surgery. Among the MS risk factors, hypertension, abdominal obesity, and the increased fasting glucose level were independently associated with both POAF and MACCE onset in the observed patients. Individuals with four or five MS criteria have similar risk of POAF or MACCE as individuals with three MS criteria. In the 3-year period of follow-up, the MS was proven to be associated with MACCE occurrence, independently of hypertension, diabetes, and obesity defined by body mass index.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MS and its criteria significantly increased risk of POAF and MACCE in a 3-year period. The MS, irrespective of hypertension, diabetes, and obesity, was associated with POAF and MACCE in the patients who underwent CABG.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Branislava
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ivanovic
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, University Clinical Hospital Centre "Dr Dragisa Misovic," Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Marijana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tadic
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Zeljko
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bradic
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Nevenka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zivkovic
authors.affiliation: Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Dejana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stanisavljevic
authors.affiliation: Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Celic
mesh_terms: D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000601:surgery*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D055771:Serbia / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol