title: Role of non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases in spermatid transport during spermatogenesis.
abstract: Non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases are cytoplasmic kinases that activate proteins by phosphorylating tyrosine residues, which in turn affect multiple functions in eukaryotic cells. Herein, we focus on the role of non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases, most notably, FAK, c-Yes and c-Src, in the transport of spermatids across the seminiferous epithelium during spermatogenesis. Since spermatids, which are formed from spermatocytes via meiosis, are immotile haploid cells, they must be transported by Sertoli cells across the seminiferous epithelium during the epithelial cycle of spermatogenesis. Without the timely transport of spermatids across the epithelium, the release of sperms at spermiation fails to occur, leading to infertility. Thus, the molecular event pertinent to spermatid transport is crucial to spermatogenesis. We provide a critical discussion based on recent findings in this review. We also provide a hypothetical model on spermatid transport, and the role of non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases in this event. We also highlight areas of research that deserve attention by investigators in the field.
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, United States.
authors.forename: H T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, United States.
authors.forename: Dolores D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Mruk
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, United States.
authors.forename: Elizabeth I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, United States.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Richmond University Medical Center, Staten Island, NY 10301, United States.
authors.forename: Yan-Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, United States.
authors.forename: Elissa W P
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Chris K C
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, United States. Electronic address: Y-Cheng@popcbr.rockefeller.edu.
authors.forename: C Yan
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001814:Blood-Testis Barrier / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D012670:Seminiferous Epithelium / Q000166:cytology; D012708:Sertoli Cells / Q000201:enzymology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013083:Sperm Transport; D013087:Spermatids / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000502:physiology; D013091:Spermatogenesis
chemical_list: D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
keywords: Blood–testis barrier; Cell adhesion; FAK; Seminiferous epithelial cycle; Spermatogenesis; Spermiation; Spermiogenesis; Testis; c-Src; c-Yes
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