title: Glutathione protects brain endothelial cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress by increasing nrf2 expression.
abstract: Glutathione (GSH) protects cells against oxidative stress by playing an antioxidant role. Protecting brain endothelial cells under oxidative stress is key to treating cerebrovascular diseases and neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease. In present study, we investigated the protective effect of GSH on brain endothelial cells against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). We showed that GSH attenuates H2O2-induced production of nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and 8-Oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), an oxidized form of deoxiguanosine. GSH also prevents H2O2-induced reduction of tight junction proteins. Finally, GSH increases the level of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and activates Nrf2-mediated signaling pathways. Thus, GSH is a promising target to protect brain endothelial cells in conditions of brain injury and disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-572, Korea.
authors.forename: Juhyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-572, Korea. ; BK21 Plus Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-572, Korea.
authors.forename: So Mang
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-572, Korea.
authors.forename: Won Taek
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-572, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Ah
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyoung Min
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-572, Korea. ; BK21 Plus Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-572, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lee
keywords: Reactive oxygen species (ROS); apoptosis; glutathione (GSH); hydrogen peroxide (H2O2); murine brain endothelial cells (bEnd.3 cells); nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)
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