title: Acupuncture at local and distal points for chronic shoulder pain: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic shoulder pain (CSP) is the third most common type of musculoskeletal pain. It has a major impact on health-related quality of life. In Chinese medicine, CSP is considered one of the conditions most amenable to treatment with acupuncture. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of local acupoints in combination with distal acupoints in pain relief and shoulder function improvement in CSP patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a multicenter, single blind, factorial randomized controlled clinical trial. A total of 164 participants will be randomly allocated to four different groups: Group A will receive acupuncture at local acupoints in combination with distal acupoint. Group B will receive acupuncture at local acupoints in combination with distal non-acupoint. Group C will receive acupuncture at local non-acupoints in combination with distal acupoint. Group D will receive acupuncture at local non-acupoints in combination with distal non-acupoint. Each group will receive 12 treatments of acupuncture one to three times per week for six weeks in total. The primary outcome is shoulder pain intensity, which is graded using a 100 -mm Visual Analogue Scale. The assessment is at baseline (before treatment initiation), 6 weeks after the first acupuncture, 10 weeks after the first acupuncture and 18 weeks after the first acupuncture.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This trial will be helpful in identifying whether acupuncture at local acupoints in combination with distal acupoints may be more effective than needling points separately.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number Register: ISRCTN61861069 (http://www.controlled-trials.com).
authors.forename: Qing-Nan
authors.initials: QN
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Guang-Xia
authors.initials: GX
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Qian-Qian
authors.initials: QQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Tian
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Bao-Zhen
authors.initials: BZ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: San-Feng
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Bo-Feng
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100010, China. lcz623780@126.com.
authors.forename: Cun-Zhi
authors.initials: CZ
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D015669:Acupuncture Points; D015670:Acupuncture Therapy; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002681:China; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012107:Research Design; D012782:Shoulder / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020069:Shoulder Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
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