title: Preparation of redispersible liposomal dry powder using an ultrasonic spray freeze-drying technique for transdermal delivery of human epithelial growth factor.
abstract: In this work, an ultrasonic spray freeze-drying (USFD) technique was used to prepare a stable liposomal dry powder for transdermal delivery of recombinant human epithelial growth factor (rhEGF). Morphology, particle size, entrapment efficiency, in vitro release, and skin permeability were systematically compared between rhEGF liposomal dry powder prepared using USFD and that prepared using a conventional lyophilization process. Porous and spherical particles with high specific area were produced under USFD conditions. USFD effectively avoided formation of ice crystals, disruption of the bilayer structure, and drug leakage during the liposome drying process, and maintained the stability of the rhEGF liposomal formulation during storage. The reconstituted rhEGF liposomes prepared from USFD powder did not show significant changes in morphology, particle size, entrapment efficiency, or in vitro release characteristics compared with those of rhEGF liposomes before drying. Moreover, the rhEGF liposomal powder prepared with USFD exhibited excellent enhanced penetration in ex vivo mouse skin compared with that for powder prepared via conventional lyophilization. The results suggest that ultrasonic USFD is a promising technique for the production of stable protein-loaded liposomal dry powder for application to the skin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shiyan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gan
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xinxin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D003890:Desiccation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D004058:Diffusion; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005612:Freeze Drying / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D005740:Gases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D019220:High-Energy Shock Waves; D006801:Humans; D008081:Liposomes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D010316:Particle Size; D011208:Powders; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D012869:Skin Absorption / Q000502:physiology*; D013010:Sonication / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D005740:Gases; D008081:Liposomes; D011208:Powders; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor
keywords: liposomes; recombinant human epithelial growth factor; skin permeability; spray freeze-drying; transdermal drug delivery
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