title: A three-species biofilm model for the evaluation of enamel and dentin demineralization.
abstract: Although Streptococcus mutans biofilms have been useful for evaluating the cariogenic potential of dietary carbohydrates and the effects of fluoride on dental demineralization, a more appropriate biofilm should be developed to demonstrate the influence of other oral bacteria on cariogenic biofilms. This study describes the development and validation of a three-species biofilm model comprising Streptococcus mutans, Actinomyces naeslundii, and Streptococcus gordonii for the evaluation of enamel and dentin demineralization after cariogenic challenges and fluoride exposure. Single- or three-species biofilms were developed on dental substrata for 96 h, and biofilms were exposed to feast and famine episodes. The three-species biofilm model produced a large biomass, mostly comprising S. mutans (41%) and S. gordonii (44%), and produced significant demineralization in the dental substrata, although enamel demineralization was decreased by fluoride treatment. The findings indicate that the three-species biofilm model may be useful for evaluating the cariogenic potential of dietary carbohydrates other than sucrose and determining the effects of fluoride on dental substrata.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School , University of Campinas , Piracicaba , SP , Brazil.
authors.forename: Yuri Wanderley
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Cavalcanti
authors.forename: Martinna Mendonça
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Bertolini
authors.forename: Wander José
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Altair Antoninha
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Del-Bel-Cury
authors.forename: Livia Maria Andaló
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Tenuta
authors.forename: Jaime Aparecido
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cury
mesh_terms: D000190:Actinomyces / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000382:microbiology*; D003804:Dentin / Q000382:microbiology*; D005459:Fluorides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008954:Models, Biological; D012463:Saliva / Q000382:microbiology; D054773:Streptococcus gordonii / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D005459:Fluorides
keywords: demineralization; dental biofilm; dental caries; fluoride; starch; sucrose