title: Polysaccharides isolated from Digenea simplex inhibit inflammatory and nociceptive responses.
abstract: Polysaccharides (PLS) have notably diverse pharmacological properties. In the present study, we investigated the previously unexplored anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of the PLS fraction isolated from the marine red alga Digenea simplex. We found that the PLS fraction reduced carrageenan-induced edema in a dose-dependent manner, and inhibited inflammation induced by dextran, histamine, serotonin, and bradykinin. The fraction also inhibited neutrophil migration into both mouse paw and peritoneal cavity. This effect was accompanied by decreases in IL1-β and TNF-α levels in the peritoneal fluid. Pre-treatment of mice with PLS (60 mg/kg) significantly reduced acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing. This same dose of PLS also reduced total licking time in both phases of a formalin test, and increased latency in a hot plate test. Therefore, we conclude that PLS extracted from D. simplex possess anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities and can be useful as therapeutic agents against inflammatory diseases.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Proteins and Carbohydrates of Marine Algae, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliana G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Proteins and Carbohydrates of Marine Algae, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jacilane X
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Mesquita
authors.affiliation: LAFICA - Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Cancer, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Karoline S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Aragão
authors.affiliation: LAFICA - Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Cancer, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alvaro X
authors.initials: AX
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.affiliation: LAFICA - Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Cancer, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcellus H L P
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: LAFFEX - Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research (BIOTEC), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaiba, Piauí, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tarcisio V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Brito
authors.affiliation: LAFFEX - Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research (BIOTEC), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaiba, Piauí, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jordana M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.affiliation: LAFFEX - Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research (BIOTEC), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaiba, Piauí, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renan O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: LAFFEX - Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research (BIOTEC), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaiba, Piauí, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jand-Venes R
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Medeiros
authors.affiliation: LAFFEX - Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research (BIOTEC), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaiba, Piauí, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jefferson S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Polymer Laboratory, Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
authors.forename: Clara Myrla W S
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Abreu
authors.affiliation: Polymer Laboratory, Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
authors.forename: Regina Célia M
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: de Paula
authors.affiliation: LAFFEX - Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research (BIOTEC), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaiba, Piauí, Brazil. Electronic address: andreluiz@ufpi.edu.br.
authors.forename: André Luiz R
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Proteins and Carbohydrates of Marine Algae, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil. Electronic address: pfreitas@ufc.br.
authors.forename: Ana Lúcia P
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Freitas
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000633:toxicity; D000700:Analgesics / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002351:Carrageenan / Q000633:toxicity; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010146:Pain / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000461:Rhodophyta / Q000737:chemistry*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D011134:Polysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002351:Carrageenan; D019342:Acetic Acid
keywords: Anti-inflammatory; Antinociceptive; Polysaccharides