title: Hepatobiliary scintigraphy in 2014.
abstract: Cholescintigraphy with (99m)Tc-hepatobiliary radiopharmaceuticals has been an important, clinically useful diagnostic imaging study for almost 4 decades. It continues to be in much clinical demand; however, the indications, methodology, and interpretative criteria have evolved over the years. This review will emphasize state-of-the-art methodology and diagnostic criteria for various clinical indications, including acute cholecystitis, chronic acalculous gallbladder disease, high-grade and partial biliary obstruction, and the postcholecystectomy pain syndrome, including sphincter-of-Oddi dysfunction and biliary atresia. The review will also emphasize the use of diagnostic pharmacologic interventions, particularly sincalide.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nuclear Medicine, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institute, Baltimore, Maryland hziessm1@jhmi.edu.
authors.forename: Harvey A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Ziessman
mesh_terms: D001659:Biliary Tract / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001660:Biliary Tract Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D012015:Reference Standards
keywords: acute cholecystitis; biliary dyskinesia; cholescintigraphy; chronic acalculous gallbladder disease; chronic cholecystitis; hepatobiliary scintigraphy