title: Pharmacokinetic and exposure-response analyses of leuprolide following administration of leuprolide acetate 3-month depot formulations to children with central precocious puberty.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A pharmacokinetic substudy was conducted within a phase 3 clinical trial that evaluated the efficacy and safety of two leuprolide acetate 3-month depot formulations in children with central precocious puberty (CPP), where the pharmacokinetics of leuprolide and the exposure-response relationship between leuprolide concentration and the probability of luteinizing hormone (LH) suppression were assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children diagnosed with CPP (N = 42 in each dosing cohort), who were treatment naïve or previously treated, received a total of two intramuscular injections of either leuprolide acetate depot 11.25 or 30 mg formulations administered 3 months apart. Serial blood samples were collected for leuprolide concentration determination in a subset of subjects (N = 24 in each cohort). One-way analysis of covariance was used to assess dose proportionality. The probability of LH suppression (peak-stimulated LH concentrations <4 mIU/mL) exposure-response relationship was modelled using repeated measures logistic regression. The predicted probability of LH suppression and the corresponding 95 % confidence interval at the mean leuprolide concentration of each dose group and at each time of measurement were computed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean leuprolide concentrations between weeks 4 and 12 for 11.25 and 30 mg doses were relatively constant and dose proportional, with no accumulation of leuprolide upon repeated administration. Body weight and age were not found to be significant covariates on leuprolide pharmacokinetics. Higher leuprolide concentrations were associated with higher probability of LH suppression and both doses provided LH suppression levels <4 mIU/mL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Leuprolide pharmacokinetics were characterized for 11.25 and 30 mg 3-month depot injections. An exposure-response model was developed to link leuprolide concentrations and probability of peak-stimulated LH suppression.
authors.affiliation: Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., One N. Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA, nael.mostafa@abbvie.com.
authors.forename: Nael M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Mostafa
authors.forename: Balakrishna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hosmane
authors.forename: Lois M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.forename: Kristof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chwalisz
authors.forename: Yi-Lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: Rajendra S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Pradhan
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016729:Leuprolide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008297:Male; D011629:Puberty, Precocious / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D016729:Leuprolide
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