title: Purified coronavirus spike protein nanoparticles induce coronavirus neutralizing antibodies in mice.
abstract: Development of vaccination strategies for emerging pathogens are particularly challenging because of the sudden nature of their emergence and the long process needed for traditional vaccine development. Therefore, there is a need for development of a rapid method of vaccine development that can respond to emerging pathogens in a short time frame. The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2003 and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in late 2012 demonstrate the importance of coronaviruses as emerging pathogens. The spike glycoproteins of coronaviruses reside on the surface of the virion and are responsible for virus entry. The spike glycoprotein is the major immunodominant antigen of coronaviruses and has proven to be an excellent target for vaccine designs that seek to block coronavirus entry and promote antibody targeting of infected cells. Vaccination strategies for coronaviruses have involved live attenuated virus, recombinant viruses, non-replicative virus-like particles expressing coronavirus proteins or DNA plasmids expressing coronavirus genes. None of these strategies has progressed to an approved human coronavirus vaccine in the ten years since SARS-CoV emerged. Here we describe a novel method for generating MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV full-length spike nanoparticles, which in combination with adjuvants are able to produce high titer antibodies in mice.
authors.affiliation: University of Maryland School of Medicine 685 West Baltimore St Baltimore, MD 21201.
authors.forename: Christopher M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Coleman
authors.affiliation: Novavax, Inc. 22 Firstfield Rd Gaithersburg, MD 20852.
authors.forename: Ye V
authors.initials: YV
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Novavax, Inc. 22 Firstfield Rd Gaithersburg, MD 20852.
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.affiliation: University of Maryland School of Medicine 685 West Baltimore St Baltimore, MD 21201.
authors.forename: Justin K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.affiliation: Novavax, Inc. 22 Firstfield Rd Gaithersburg, MD 20852.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Massare
authors.affiliation: Novavax, Inc. 22 Firstfield Rd Gaithersburg, MD 20852.
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Flyer
authors.affiliation: Novavax, Inc. 22 Firstfield Rd Gaithersburg, MD 20852.
authors.forename: Gale E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: University of Maryland School of Medicine 685 West Baltimore St Baltimore, MD 21201.
authors.forename: Matthew B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Frieman
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000818:Animals; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000097:blood; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D017934:Coronavirus; D018352:Coronavirus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D056738:Cross Protection; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D053758:Nanoparticles; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D064370:Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D064370:Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; D014765:Viral Vaccines
keywords: Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus; Neutralizing antibody; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus; Vaccine
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