title: Nano composite emulsion for sustained drug release and improved bioavailability.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To propose a novel composite nanoemulsion formulation that contains no surfactant, but offers great stability and improved oral absorption capabilities.
  
  
  METHODS
  The nanoemulsions were prepared by dispersing the oil phase into aqueous solutions containing different amounts of the PMMA/silica composite nanoparticles. The stability was tested under extreme conditions. The structure features of the nanoemulsion droplets were investigated using Electron microscope. The in vitro drug release and in vivo drug absorption profiles after oral administration were investigated using Cyclosporin A as a model drug.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The composite nanoemulsion demonstrated great stability under various disruptive conditions. Electron microscopy studies indicated the existence of internal and surface domains in the nano-droplet structure. In vitro drug release and in vivo uptake characterizations also confirmed the unique interfacial properties of such nanoemulsion structures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The novel nanoemulsion formulation may have modulated drug release profiles and alternative oral absorption mechanisms, which could offer significant advantages compared to traditional emulsion formulations.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wenqiang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Xinrui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Yuhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000737:chemistry; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D065546:Drug Liberation; D004355:Drug Stability; D004655:Emulsions; D008297:Male; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008954:Models, Biological; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry*; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D004655:Emulsions; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D016572:Cyclosporine; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate
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