title: Biochar and Glomus caledonium influence Cd accumulation of upland kangkong (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.) intercropped with Alfred stonecrop (Sedum alfredii Hance).
abstract: Both biochar application and mycorrhizal inoculation have been proposed to improve plant growth and alter bioaccumulation of toxic metals. A greenhouse pot trial was conducted to investigate growth and Cd accumulation of upland kangkong (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.) intercropped with Alfred stonecrop (Sedum alfredii Hance) in a Cd-contaminated soil inoculated with Glomus caledonium and/or applied with biochar. Compared with the monocultural control, intercropping with stonecrop (IS) decreased kangkong Cd acquisition via rhizosphere competition, and also decreased kangkong yield. Gc inoculation (+M) accelerated growth and Cd acquisition of stonecrop, and hence resulted in further decreases in kangkong Cd acquisition. Regardless of IS and +M, biochar addition (+B) increased kangkong yield via elevating soil available P, and decreased soil Cd phytoavailability and kangkong Cd concentration via increasing soil pH. Compared with the control, the treatment of IS + M + B had a substantially higher kangkong yield (+25.5%) with a lower Cd concentration (-62.7%). Gc generated additive effects on soil alkalinization and Cd stabilization to biochar, causing lower DTPA-extractable (phytoavailable) Cd concentrations and post-harvest transfer risks.
authors.affiliation: 1] Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, PR China [2] State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China [3] Joint Open Laboratory of Soil and the Environment, Hong Kong Baptist University & Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China.
authors.forename: Junli
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: 1] Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, PR China [2] Joint Open Laboratory of Soil and the Environment, Hong Kong Baptist University & Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China [3] College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China.
authors.forename: Fuyong
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: 1] Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, PR China [2] Joint Open Laboratory of Soil and the Environment, Hong Kong Baptist University & Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China [3] School of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an 311300, PR China.
authors.forename: Shengchun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: 1] Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, PR China [2] Joint Open Laboratory of Soil and the Environment, Hong Kong Baptist University & Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China.
authors.forename: Cheung Lung
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.affiliation: 1] State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China [2] Joint Open Laboratory of Soil and the Environment, Hong Kong Baptist University & Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiangui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: 1] Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, PR China [2] Joint Open Laboratory of Soil and the Environment, Hong Kong Baptist University & Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China [3] Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Hong Kong Institute of Education, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
authors.forename: Ming Hung
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D018533:Biomass; D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry*; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D055137:Glomeromycota / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D027741:Ipomoea / Q000378:metabolism*; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000378:metabolism; D004369:Pentetic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism; D031963:Sedum / Q000378:metabolism; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D012987:Soil; C540010:biochar; D002104:Cadmium; D002606:Charcoal; D004369:Pentetic Acid; D000135:Acid Phosphatase
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