title: Bacterial cellulose produced by a new acid-resistant strain of Gluconacetobacter genus.
abstract: A bacterial strain isolated from the fermentation of Colombian homemade vinegar, Gluconacetobacter medellensis, was investigated as a new source of bacterial cellulose (BC). The BC produced from substrate media consisting of various carbon sources at different pH and incubation times was quantified. Hestrin-Schramm (HS) medium modified with glucose led to the highest BC yields followed by sucrose and fructose. Interestingly, the microorganisms are highly tolerant to low pH: an optimum yield of 4.5 g/L was achieved at pH 3.5, which is generally too low for other bacterial species to function. The cellulose microfibrils produced by the new strain were characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy X-ray diffraction and elemental analysis. The morphological, structural and chemical characteristics of the cellulose produced are similar to those expected for BC.
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Circular 1 # 70-01, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Circular 1 # 70-01, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zuluaga
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Circular 1 # 70-01, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: Catalina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Álvarez
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Luc
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Putaux
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Circular 1 # 70-01, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Caro
authors.affiliation: Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina University, Campus Box 8005, Raleigh, NC 27695-8005, United States; Faculty of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Department of Forest Products Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland.
authors.forename: Orlando J
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Rojas
authors.affiliation: "Materials+Technologies" Group, Chemical & Environmental Engineering Department, Polytechnic School, Universidad del País Vasco, Pza. Europa, 1, 20018 Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain.
authors.forename: Iñaki
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mondragon
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Circular 1 # 70-01, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: Piedad
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gañán
mesh_terms: D002482:Cellulose / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D041821:Gluconacetobacter / Q000378:metabolism*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002482:Cellulose; D005947:Glucose