title: Long-acting reversible contraception for adolescents and young adults - a cross-sectional study of women and general practitioners in Oslo, Norway.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate awareness and use of long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs) in the Norwegian primary care sector.
  
  
  METHODS
  We surveyed 359 women aged 16 to 23 years visiting a free sexual health clinic and 140 general practitioners (GPs) in Oslo, Norway, to assess contraceptive usage patterns, knowledge, opinions, and counselling content.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty-two percent (n = 295) of the female respondents were current contraceptive users and of this group, 12% (n = 34) were LARC users. Combined oral contraceptives (COCs, 56%) and condoms (20%) were the methods most commonly used. Apart from those two, the women considered themselves insufficiently knowledgeable about other family planning modalities. Knowledge was an independent predictor of current LARC use (p < 0.001). Approximately 35% of GPs often discussed LARC methods when counselling but, due to a lack of implant insertion training, only a few frequently discussed implants during counselling (odds ratio [OR]: 0.12; p = 0.013). The main determinant for not mentioning intrauterine devices and the intrauterine system during counselling was nulliparity (OR: 0.2; p = 0.001 and < 0.001, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LARC use is low among 16 to 23-year-olds in Oslo, Norway. These young women need better contraceptive counselling. Dispelling misconceptions and improved provider training could encourage GPs to cover LARCs when giving contraceptive guidance.
authors.affiliation: * Sex & Samfunn Clinic , Oslo , Norway.
authors.forename: Marte
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bratlie
authors.forename: Trine
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aarvold
authors.forename: Elling Skeide
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Skårn
authors.forename: Jonas Andre
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lundekvam
authors.forename: Britt-Ingjerd
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Nesheim
authors.forename: Erik Tandberg
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Askevold
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003376:Counseling; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004343:Drug Implants; D005260:Female; D058005:General Practitioners / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D057226:Information Seeking Behavior; D007436:Intrauterine Devices, Medicated; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009664:Norway; D010298:Parity; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004343:Drug Implants
keywords: Counselling; General practitioner; Implant; Intrauterine device; Intrauterine system; Long-acting reversible contraceptive