title: Nanoformulation improves activity of the (pre)clinical anticancer ruthenium complex KP1019.
abstract: Ruthenium anticancer drugs belong to the most promising non-platinum anticancer metal compounds in clinical evaluation. However, although the clinical results are promising regarding both activity and very low adverse effects, the clinical application is currently hampered by the limited solubility and stability of the drug in aqueous solution. Here, we present a new nanoparticle formulation based on polymer-based micelles loaded with the anticancer lead ruthenium compound KP1019. Nanoprepared KP1019 was characterised by enhanced stability in aqueous solutions. Moreover, the nanoparticle formulation facilitated cellular accumulation of KP1019 (determined by ICP-MS measurements) resulting in significantly lowered IC50 values. With regard to the mode of action, increased cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase (PI-staining), DNA damage (Comet assay) as well as enhanced levels of apoptotic cell death (caspase 7 and PARP cleavage) were found in HCT116 cells treated with the new nanoformulation of KP1019. Summarizing, we present for the first time evidence that nanoformulation is a feasible strategy for improving the stability as well as activity of experimental anticancer ruthenium compounds.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Heffeter
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Riabtseva
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Senkiv
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Kowol
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Körner
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Jungwith
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mitina
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Keppler
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Konstantinova
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yanchuk
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stoika
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zaichenko
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Berger
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004058:Diffusion; D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000379:methods; D015195:Drug Design; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D006801:Humans; D007191:Indazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D053769:Nanocapsules / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D017975:Ruthenium Compounds; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007191:Indazoles; D053769:Nanocapsules; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D017975:Ruthenium Compounds; C499292:indazolium trans-(tetrachlorobis(1H-indazole)ruthenate (III))