title: Altered vitamin D status in liver tissue and blood plasma from Greenland sledge dogs (Canis familiaris) dietary exposed to organohalogen contaminated minke whale (Balaenoptera acuterostrata) blubber.
abstract: This study compared vitamin D3 (vitD3) and 25-OH vitamin D3 (25OHD3) status in Greenland sledge dogs (Canis familiaris) given either minke whale (Balaenoptera acuterostrata) blubber high in organohalogen contaminants (OHCs) or clean porcine (Suis scrofa) fat for up to 636 days. A group of six exposed and six control sister bitches (maternal generation) and their three exposed and four control pups, respectively, were daily fed 112g whale blubber (193µg ∑PCB/day) or porcine fat (0.17µg ∑PCB/day). Mean level of ∑PCB in adipose tissue of exposed bitches and their pups was 3106 and 2670ng/g lw, respectively, which was significantly higher than the mean concentration of 53ng/g lw for all controls (p<0.001). The vitamin analyses showed that 25OHD3 in liver of maternal exposed bitches were significantly lower than in controls (p=0.004) while vitD3 was significantly highest in liver of exposed pups (p<0.003). Regarding blood plasma concentrations, exposed F generation pups had significantly higher concentrations of 25OHD3 than controls (p=0.009). Correlation analyses showed that blood 25OHD3 decreased significantly with increased adipose tissue concentrations of ∑PCB in exposed dogs (R(2)=0.64, p=0.005) and a similar trend was found for liver 25OHD3 (R(2)=0.32, p=0.08). The results indicate that the homeostasis and metabolism of vitamin D compounds may respond differently to the dietary composition of fatty acids and OHC exposure. It is unknown if the lower level of 25OHD3 in the liver of exposed dogs would have any negative effects on immunity and reproduction and more focus should be conducted on this compound in Arctic wildlife.
authors.affiliation: Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre, Roskilde, Denmark. Electronic address: csh@dmu.dk.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sonne
authors.affiliation: Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre, Roskilde, Denmark.
authors.forename: Maja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kirkegaard
authors.affiliation: Technical University of Denmark, National Food Institute, Søborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Jette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jakobsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Bjørn Munro
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Jenssen
authors.affiliation: Wildlife and Landscape Science Directorate, Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Letcher
authors.affiliation: Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre, Roskilde, Denmark.
authors.forename: Rune
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dietz
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D001110:Arctic Regions; D004032:Diet; D004285:Dogs; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination; D006116:Greenland; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D050636:Minke Whale; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D013552:Swine; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D014807:Vitamin D; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls
keywords: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D(3); Organohalogen contaminants; PCBs; Polychlorinated biphenyls; Sledge dogs; Vitamin D(3)