title: Fast vascular component of cortical spreading depression revealed in rats by blood pulsation imaging.
abstract: Cortical spreading depression (CSD) is a slowly propagating wave of depolarization of neurons and glia and has a less characterized vascular component. CSD is a commonly used phenomenon to test new methods of live brain imaging. Application of a blood pulsations imaging (BPI) technique to study of CSD induced with high-potassium solution in rat cortex allowed us to visualize for the first time the novel vascular component of a CSD wave. In our study, this wave component propagated in the limited part of the cortex along the bow-shaped trajectory in sharp contrast with concentric development of CSD measured by concurrently applied optical intrinsic signal (OIS) imaging technique. It was associated with a significant increase of the blood pulsations amplitude (BPA), started with a delay of 20 to 90 s comparing to signal measured with OIS, and propagated 40% faster than OIS signal. These findings suggest that the BPA and slower change of the cerebral blood volume are not directly related to each other even though both characterize the same vascular system. Our study indicates that the BPI technique could be used for characterization of the new pulsatile vascular component of CSDs in animal models of migraine, stroke, and brain trauma.
authors.affiliation: University of Eastern Finland, Department of Applied Physics, P.O. Box 1627, Yliopistonranta 1 F, 70210 Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Teplov
authors.affiliation: University of Eastern Finland, Department of Neurobiology, A. I. Virtanen Institute, P.O. Box 1627, Neulaniementie 2, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Artem
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shatillo
authors.affiliation: University of Eastern Finland, Department of Applied Physics, P.O. Box 1627, Yliopistonranta 1 F, 70210 Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Ervin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nippolainen
authors.affiliation: University of Eastern Finland, Department of Neurobiology, A. I. Virtanen Institute, P.O. Box 1627, Neulaniementie 2, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Olli
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gröhn
authors.affiliation: University of Eastern Finland, Department of Neurobiology, A. I. Virtanen Institute, P.O. Box 1627, Neulaniementie 2, 70211 Kuopio, FinlandcKazan Federal University, Lab of Neurobiology, Kazan 420000, Russia.
authors.forename: Rashid
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Giniatullin
authors.affiliation: University of Eastern Finland, Department of Applied Physics, P.O. Box 1627, Yliopistonranta 1 F, 70210 Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Alexei A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Kamshilin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D013181:Cortical Spreading Depression / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D061848:Optical Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D011673:Pulsatile Flow / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted