title: Dietary intake of advanced glycation end products did not affect endothelial function and inflammation in healthy adults in a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: When food is heated to high temperatures, the characteristic "browning" generates advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and other adverse outcomes. Whether dietary AGEs are absorbed and are harmful to human health remains highly controversial. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of a diet high or low in AGEs on endothelial function, circulating AGEs, inflammatory mediators, and circulating receptors for AGEs in healthy adults. A randomized, parallel-arm, controlled dietary intervention was conducted for 6 wk with 24 healthy adults, aged 50-69 y, that compared isocaloric, food-equivalent diets that were prepared at either high or mild temperatures. Peripheral arterial tonometry, serum and urine carboxymethyl-lysine (CML), inflammatory mediators (interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, vascular adhesion molecule-1, and tumor necrosis factor-α receptors I and II), soluble receptor for AGEs, and endogenous secretory receptor for AGEs were measured at baseline and after 6 wk of dietary intervention. In the low-AGE diet group, the following changed from baseline to 6 wk (mean ± SE): serum CML from 763 ± 24 to 679 ± 29 ng/mL (P = 0.03) and urine CML from 1.37 ± 1.47 to 0.77 ± 2.01 μg/mL creatinine (P = 0.02). There were no significant changes in serum and urinary CML concentrations from baseline to follow-up in the high-AGE diet group. A high- or low-AGE diet had no significant impact on peripheral arterial tonometry or any inflammatory mediators after 6 wk of dietary intervention. In healthy middle-aged to older adults, consumption of a diet high or low in AGEs for 6 wk had no impact on endothelial function and inflammatory mediators, 2 precursors of cardiovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Ophthalmology and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD rdsemba@jhmi.edu.
authors.forename: Richard D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Semba
authors.affiliation: USDA Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Beltsville, MD.
authors.forename: Sarah K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Gebauer
authors.affiliation: USDA Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Beltsville, MD.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Baer
authors.affiliation: Departments of Ophthalmology and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Departments of Ophthalmology and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Randi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.affiliation: Departments of Ophthalmology and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Harry A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Silber
authors.affiliation: Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; and.
authors.forename: Sameera
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Talegawkar
authors.affiliation: National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferrucci
authors.affiliation: USDA Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Beltsville, MD.
authors.forename: Janet A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Novotny
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006940:Hyperemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood; D008239:Lysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D015416:Maillard Reaction; D008297:Male; D008396:Maryland / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry; D012306:Risk; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012995:Solubility; D014655:Vascular Resistance; D014657:Vasculitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; C048496:N(6)-carboxymethyllysine; D008239:Lysine
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