title: Discovery of rosavirus 2, a novel variant of a rodent-associated picornavirus, in children from The Gambia.
abstract: We describe the identification of a novel picornavirus recovered from the fecal specimen of a child in The Gambia, provisionally named rosavirus 2. Comparison of the rosavirus 2 complete genome demonstrated 71.9% nucleotide identity to its closest relative rosavirus M-7, an unclassified picornavirus identified from rodent fecal material. A unique RNA structure was predicted in the 3' UTR of rosavirus 2 that was conserved with rosavirus M-7 and cadiciviruses. We detected rosavirus 2 in four pediatric fecal specimens (0.55% prevalence) in a Gambian diarrheal case-control cohort, but we did not detect it in a panel of 634 pediatric diarrheal stool specimens from the USA. There was no statistical evidence that rosavirus 2 was associated with diarrheal cases. This study broadens our understanding of unknown viruses present in children in developing country settings.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Efrem S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Lori R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Holtz
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Council Unit, Banjul, The Gambia.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Antonio
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: O Colin
authors.initials: OC
authors.lastname: Stine
authors.affiliation: Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. Electronic address: davewang@borcim.wustl.edu.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D005714:Gambia; D016679:Genome, Viral; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010849:Picornaviridae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010850:Picornaviridae Infections / Q000821:virology*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral
keywords: Developing country; Emerging viruses; Picornavirus; Virus discovery
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