title: [Evaluation of prophylactic precautions after exposure to biological materials].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Study of transmission rates of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and effect of HBV vaccination after parenteral exposure to biological materials.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retrospective study of 879 individuals (419 health care professionals and 460 persons from the general population) after blood and body fluid exposure examined at the Clinic of Infectious Diseases in Ostrava from 1999 to 2013. HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, anti-HCV, anti-HIV, bilirubin, and ALT were tested in exposed patients and known sources at the baseline and, except anti-HBc, after 3, 6, and 12 months. Susceptible persons were vaccinated against HBV and screened for anti-HBs after 1-2 months. Antiretroviral prophylaxis was provided if reasonable.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the baseline, 42 exposed persons were HBV positive, six were HCV positive, and none was HIV positive. During the follow-up, no new HBsAg positivity was detected in exposed individuals, although 25 of 837 susceptible persons were exposed to HBsAg-positive sources. After vaccination, protective anti-HBs were detected in 707 (84.7%) of 837 susceptible persons and in 709 (97.8%) of 725 persons with known post-vaccination response. Fifty-six of 873 persons had been exposed to HCV-positive sources and HCV transmission was shown in three (two health care professionals) of them. No HIV transmission was observed, although 11 of 879 individuals had been exposed to HIV-positive sources, with antiretroviral prophylaxis provided to nine of them.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Contemporary post-exposure prophylactic precautions in the Czech Republic can be considered as adequate for the prevention of HBV and HIV, but health care professionals in particular are at risk of HCV transmission.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Orságová
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rožnovský
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Petroušová
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zjevíková
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Konečná
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kloudová
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mrázek
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zelená
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018153:Czech Republic; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000097:blood; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008875:Middle Aged; D056990:Post-Exposure Prophylaxis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens