title: Comparison of alkaline industrial wastes for aqueous mineral carbon sequestration through a parallel reactivity study.
abstract: Thirty-one alkaline industrial wastes from a wide range of industrial processes were acquired and screened for application in an aqueous carbon sequestration process. The wastes were evaluated for their potential to leach polyvalent cations and base species. Following mixing with a simple sodium bicarbonate solution, chemistries of the aqueous and solid phases were analyzed. Experimental results indicated that the most reactive materials were capable of sequestering between 77% and 93% of the available carbon under experimental conditions in four hours. These materials - cement kiln dust, spray dryer absorber ash, and circulating dry scrubber ash - are thus good candidates for detailed, process-oriented studies. Chemical equilibrium modeling indicated that amorphous calcium carbonate is likely responsible for the observed sequestration. High variability and low reactive fractions render many other materials less attractive for further pursuit without considering preprocessing or activation techniques.
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States. Electronic address: cnoack@andrew.cmu.edu.
authors.forename: Clinton W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Noack
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Dzombak
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States.
authors.forename: David V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Nakles
authors.affiliation: Energy and Environmental Research Center, University of North Dakota, 15 North 23rd Street, Stop 9018, Grand Forks, ND 58202, United States.
authors.forename: Steven B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Hawthorne
authors.affiliation: Energy and Environmental Research Center, University of North Dakota, 15 North 23rd Street, Stop 9018, Grand Forks, ND 58202, United States.
authors.forename: Loreal V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Heebink
authors.affiliation: Alcoa Technical Center, 100 Technical Drive, New Kensington, PA 15068, United States.
authors.forename: Neal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dando
authors.affiliation: Alcoa Technical Center, 100 Technical Drive, New Kensington, PA 15068, United States.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gershenzon
authors.affiliation: Alcoa Technical Center, 100 Technical Drive, New Kensington, PA 15068, United States.
authors.forename: Rajat S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Ghosh
mesh_terms: D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000737:chemistry; D057965:Carbon Sequestration; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000032:analysis*; D008903:Minerals / Q000737:chemistry; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate / Q000737:chemistry*; D013997:Time Factors; D018505:Waste Management / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D007220:Industrial Waste; D008903:Minerals; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate; D002119:Calcium Carbonate
keywords: Alkaline industrial wastes; Carbon sequestration; Chemical equilibrium modeling; Mineral carbonation