title: Effects of transglutaminase 2 inhibition on ventilator-induced lung injury.
abstract: This study was performed to examine the role of transglutaminase 2 (TG2) in ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). C57BL/6 mice were divided into six experimental groups: 1) control group; 2) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group; 3) lung protective ventilation (LPV) group; 4) VILI group; 5) VILI with cystamine, a TG2 inhibitor, pretreatment (Cyst+VILI) group; and 6) LPV with cystamine pretreatment (Cyst+LPV) group. Acute lung injury (ALI) score, TG2 activity and gene expression, inflammatory cytokines, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity were measured. TG2 activity and gene expression were significantly increased in the VILI group (P < 0.05). Cystamine pretreatment significantly decreased TG2 activity and gene expression in the Cyst+VILI group (P < 0.05). Inflammatory cytokines were higher in the VILI group than in the LPS and LPV groups (P < 0.05), and significantly lower in the Cyst+VILI group than the VILI group (P < 0.05). NF-κB activity was increased in the VILI group compared with the LPS and LPV groups (P < 0.05), and significantly decreased in the Cyst+VILI group compared to the VILI group (P = 0.029). The ALI score of the Cyst+VILI group was lower than the VILI group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.105). These results suggest potential roles of TG2 in the pathogenesis of VILI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea.
authors.forename: In Bum
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7012-0305
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary, Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea.
authors.forename: Dae Wui
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8875-2255
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Won-Oak
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0156-3422
authors.initials: WO
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Joo
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7884-9045
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Hoon
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0610-2182
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Min
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Gyu Young
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5039-0199
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Hur
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary, Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Heon
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7180-3877
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Yong
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8693-5792
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Yeub
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7565-1076
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary, Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea.
authors.forename: Chol
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2928-8576
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Jeong
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3095-1021
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kwang Ho
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3010-6423
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: In
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Ho
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9778-1725
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary, Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea.
authors.forename: Je Hyeong
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8995-7460
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D003538:Cystamine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D000091345:Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D011503:Transglutaminases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D055397:Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D000091345:Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2; D011503:Transglutaminases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D003538:Cystamine
keywords: Acute Lung Injury; Inflammation; Respiration, Artificial; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult; Transglutaminase 2; Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury
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