title: RNA editing in plant mitochondria—connecting RNA target sequences and acting proteins.
abstract: RNA editing changes several hundred cytidines to uridines in the mRNAs of mitochondria in flowering plants. The target cytidines are identified by a subtype of PPR proteins characterized by tandem modules which each binds with a specific upstream nucleotide. Recent progress in correlating repeat structures with nucleotide identities allows to predict and identify target sites in mitochondrial RNAs. Additional proteins have been found to play a role in RNA editing; their precise function still needs to be elucidated. The enzymatic activity performing the C to U reaction may reside in the C-terminal DYW extensions of the PPR proteins; however, this still needs to be proven. Here we update recent progress in understanding RNA editing in flowering plant mitochondria.
authors.affiliation: Molekulare Botanik, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany. Electronic address: mizuki.takenaka@uni-ulm.de.
authors.forename: Mizuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takenaka
authors.affiliation: Molekulare Botanik, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Daniil
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Verbitskiy
authors.affiliation: Molekulare Botanik, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zehrmann
authors.affiliation: Molekulare Botanik, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Härtel
authors.affiliation: Molekulare Botanik, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Eszter
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bayer-Császár
authors.affiliation: Molekulare Botanik, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Franziska
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Glass
authors.affiliation: Molekulare Botanik, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brennicke
mesh_terms: D003562:Cytidine / Q000378:metabolism; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010944:Plants / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012313:RNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D017393:RNA Editing; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D000077278:RNA, Mitochondrial; D014529:Uridine / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000077278:RNA, Mitochondrial; D003562:Cytidine; D012313:RNA; D014529:Uridine
keywords: MORF proteins; PPR proteins; Plant mitochondria; Protein-RNA code; RNA editing