title: Nativity and serum concentrations of antioxidants in Mexican American children: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: There is limited research on the effect of immigration on biological markers of nutrition among children of Mexican origin in the United States. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) (1988-1994), on a national and representative sample of 1559 Mexican American children, 4-16 years of age, and assess the associations of country of birth with serum concentrations of carotenoids, vitamin A, and vitamin E. In multiple regression analyses, Mexico-born Mexican American children had significantly higher serum concentrations of α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein/zeaxanthin, vitamin A, and vitamin E than their counterparts who were born in the United States after adjustment for age, sex, poverty income ratio, level of education of family reference person, body mass index, total serum cholesterol, serum cotinine, total energy intake, and vitamin/mineral consumption. Our findings confirm evidence for a negative effect of immigration/acculturation on dietary quality in this population. These findings also suggest that immigrant Mexican families should be encouraged to maintain their consumption of fruits and vegetables. Prospective studies are needed to further assess the effects of immigration/acculturation on diet and other health outcomes in children of Mexican origin and immigrants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Systems Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago 845 S. Damen Ave. Room 1054 (MC 802), Chicago, IL 60612, USA. keldei1@uic.edu.
authors.forename: Kamal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Eldeirawi
authors.affiliation: Department of Women, Children and Family Health Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago 845 S. Damen Ave., Room 814 (MC802), Chicago, IL 60612, USA. marydh@uic.edu.
authors.forename: Mary Dawn
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Koenig
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago1603 W. Taylor St., 877 SPH-PI (MC 923), Chicago, IL 60612, USA. vwpersky@uic.edu.
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Persky
authors.affiliation: Division of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago 1603 W. Taylor St., 659 SPH-PI (MC 923), Chicago, IL 60612, USA. nchavez@uic.edu.
authors.forename: Noel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chavez
mesh_terms: D000069:Acculturation; D000293:Adolescent; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017058:Mexican Americans; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D009752:Nutritional Status; D014481:United States; D014675:Vegetables; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000097:blood; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D014801:Vitamin A; D014810:Vitamin E; D002338:Carotenoids
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