title: Preparation and evaluation of cerium oxide-bovine hydroxyapatite composites for biomedical engineering applications.
abstract: The fabrication and characterization of bovine hydroxyapatite (BHA) and cerium oxide (CeO2) composites are presented. CeO2 (at varying concentrations 1, 5 and 10wt%) were added to calcinated BHA powder. The resulting mixtures were shaped into green cylindrical samples by powder pressing (350MPa) followed by sintering in air (1000-1300°C for 4h). Density, Vickers microhardness (HV), compression strength, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies were performed on the products. The sintering behavior, microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties were evaluated. Differences in the sintering temperature (for 1wt% CeO2 composites) between 1200 and 1300°C, show a 3.3% increase in the microhardness (564 and 582.75HV, respectively). Composites prepared at 1300°C demonstrate the greatest compression strength with comparable results for 5 and 10wt% CeO2 content (106 and 107MPa) which are significantly better than those for 1wt% and those that do not include any CeO2 (90 and below 60MPa, respectively). The results obtained suggest optimal parameters to be used in preparation of BHA and CeO2 composites, while also highlighting the potential of such materials in several biomedical engineering applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, Goztepe Campus, Istanbul, 34722, Turkey; Centre for Nanotechnology & Biomaterials Applied and Research at Marmara University, Istanbul, Goztepe, Campus, 34722, Turkey. Electronic address: oguzhan@marmara.edu.tr.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gunduz
authors.affiliation: School of Technical Related Professions, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gode
authors.affiliation: Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Deptartment, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey; Prof. Dr. Adnan Tekin Material Sciences and Production Technologies Applied Research Center, Istanbul Technical Univ., Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gökçe
authors.affiliation: Mechanical Engineering Deptartment, Faculty of Engineering, Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yetmez
authors.affiliation: Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Biomedical Devices Technology Deptartment, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Biomedical Engineering Ph.D. Program, Institute of Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kalkandelen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Istanbul Arel University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Sahin
authors.affiliation: Centre for Nanotechnology & Biomaterials Applied and Research at Marmara University, Istanbul, Goztepe, Campus, 34722, Turkey; Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: foktar@marmara.edu.tr.
authors.forename: F N
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Oktar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D001698:Biomedical Engineering; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry*; D002417:Cattle; D002516:Ceramics; D002563:Cerium / Q000737:chemistry*; D019245:Compressive Strength; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006244:Hardness; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D011208:Powders; D011312:Pressure; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D011208:Powders; D002563:Cerium; C030583:ceric oxide; D017886:Durapatite
keywords: Bioceramics; Bovine hydroxyapatite; Cerium oxide; Mechanical properties; Microstructure; Sintering