title: Nucleic acid catalysis: metals, nucleobases, and other cofactors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon , Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States.
authors.forename: W Luke
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: Kory
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Plakos
authors.forename: Victoria J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: DeRose
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002384:Catalysis; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012313:RNA / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008670:Metals; D012313:RNA; D004247:DNA
references.citation: EMBO J. 1996 Jun 3;15(11):2820-5
references.pmid: 8654379
references.citation: Science. 2005 Sep 2;309(5740):1587-90
references.pmid: 16141079
references.citation: Met Ions Life Sci. 2012;10:217-48
references.pmid: 22210341
references.citation: ACS Chem Biol. 2012 Feb 17;7(2):294-9
references.pmid: 22029738
references.citation: Science. 1999 Oct 1;286(5437):123-6
references.pmid: 10506560
references.citation: Chembiochem. 2003 Oct 6;4(10):1024-32
references.pmid: 14523920
references.citation: Chem Biol. 2007 Jun;14(6):607-12
references.pmid: 17584608
references.citation: RNA. 2004 Feb;10(2):151-8
references.pmid: 14730013
references.citation: Cell. 1983 Dec;35(3 Pt 2):849-57
references.pmid: 6197186
references.citation: Chem Soc Rev. 2008 Jun;37(6):1153-65
references.pmid: 18497928
references.citation: Chem Rev. 2007 Jan;107(1):97-113
references.pmid: 17212472
references.citation: Nucleic Acids Res. 2004 Oct 11;32(18):5418-29
references.pmid: 15477392
references.citation: Methods. 2009 Oct;49(2):148-66
references.pmid: 19651216
references.citation: Chembiochem. 2007 Feb 12;8(3):306-14
references.pmid: 17200997
references.citation: Annu Rev Biochem. 2011;80:527-55
references.pmid: 21548786
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Jun 29;107(26):11751-6
references.pmid: 20547881
references.citation: Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2012 Aug;22(4):457-66
references.pmid: 22832174
references.citation: Biochemistry. 1996 Aug 13;35(32):10493-505
references.pmid: 8756706
references.citation: RNA. 2006 Apr;12(4):607-19
references.pmid: 16484375
references.citation: Annu Rev Biochem. 1995;64:259-86
references.pmid: 7574482
references.citation: J Mol Biol. 2005 Jun 24;349(5):989-1010
references.pmid: 15907933
references.citation: Science. 2000 Feb 25;287(5457):1493-7
references.pmid: 10688799
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2011 May 20;286(20):17658-64
references.pmid: 21454684
references.citation: Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct. 2005;34:221-43
references.pmid: 15869389
references.citation: RNA. 2006 Oct;12(10):1846-52
references.pmid: 16912216
references.citation: RNA. 2007 Sep;13(9):1505-15
references.pmid: 17652407
references.citation: Biochemistry. 2013 Jan 22;52(3):557-67
references.pmid: 23311293
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2007 Dec 5;129(48):14858-9
references.pmid: 17990888
references.citation: J Mol Biol. 2002 Oct 11;323(1):23-34
references.pmid: 12368096
references.citation: J Mol Biol. 1999 Jul 9;290(2):433-45
references.pmid: 10390342
references.citation: Biochemistry. 1997 Mar 4;36(9):2425-38
references.pmid: 9054547
references.citation: Annu Rev Biophys. 2013;42:537-57
references.pmid: 23654306
references.citation: Nature. 2008 Aug 14;454(7206):899-902
references.pmid: 18615019
references.citation: Biochemistry. 1999 Oct 26;38(43):14363-78
references.pmid: 10572011
references.citation: Chem Biol. 2007 Jan;14(1):97-105
references.pmid: 17196404
references.citation: Biochemistry. 2003 Jun 17;42(23):7152-61
references.pmid: 12795611
references.citation: RNA. 2000 Feb;6(2):199-205
references.pmid: 10688359
references.citation: Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2001 Jun;11(3):321-6
references.pmid: 11406381
references.citation: Nature. 2010 Dec 9;468(7325):784-9
references.pmid: 21076397
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2001 Feb 21;123(7):1337-48
references.pmid: 11456705
references.citation: Nature. 1992 Aug 13;358(6387):560-3
references.pmid: 1501711
references.citation: Chem Biol. 1999 Mar;6(3):167-76
references.pmid: 10074465
references.citation: Genes Dev. 2001 Sep 1;15(17):2229-37
references.pmid: 11544180
references.citation: Science. 2006 Sep 22;313(5794):1752-6
references.pmid: 16990543
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Jul 15;90(14):6498-502
references.pmid: 8341661
references.citation: Biochemistry. 2009 Nov 10;48(44):10654-64
references.pmid: 19778032
references.citation: Nature. 2004 Mar 18;428(6980):281-6
references.pmid: 15029187
references.citation: Acc Chem Res. 2011 Dec 20;44(12):1270-9
references.pmid: 21732619
references.citation: RNA. 2012 Jan;18(1):16-23
references.pmid: 22124015
references.citation: Biopolymers. 2009 Oct;91(10):811-4
references.pmid: 19644915
references.citation: J Mol Biol. 2007 Sep 7;372(1):89-102
references.pmid: 17612557
references.citation: Biochemistry. 2004 Aug 17;43(32):10547-59
references.pmid: 15301552
references.citation: Biochimie. 2007 Oct;89(10):1183-94
references.pmid: 17624654
references.citation: Biopolymers. 2004 Jan;73(1):71-8
references.pmid: 14691941
references.citation: Trends Biochem Sci. 2007 Jan;32(1):20-6
references.pmid: 17157507
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2001 Sep 5;123(35):8447-52
references.pmid: 11525650
references.citation: Cell. 2002 Nov 27;111(5):747-56
references.pmid: 12464185
references.citation: J Mol Biol. 2000 May 12;298(4):559-65
references.pmid: 10788319
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Jul 5;97(14):7802-7
references.pmid: 10884411
references.citation: Nucleic Acids Res. 2001 Apr 1;29(7):1426-32
references.pmid: 11266542
references.citation: Biochemistry. 1995 Jan 24;34(3):902-9
references.pmid: 7827048
references.citation: Acc Chem Res. 2011 Dec 20;44(12):1257-69
references.pmid: 21882874
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Feb 13;104(7):2056-61
references.pmid: 17284609
references.citation: Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 May;39(10):4427-37
references.pmid: 21266483
references.citation: Genes Dev. 1995 Feb 1;9(3):294-303
references.pmid: 7532606
references.citation: Trends Genet. 2005 Feb;21(2):111-9
references.pmid: 15661357
references.citation: Science. 2011 Apr 8;332(6026):209-12
references.pmid: 21474753
references.citation: Chem Biol. 2009 Mar 27;16(3):311-22
references.pmid: 19318212
references.citation: Science. 2006 Sep 22;313(5794):1788-92
references.pmid: 16990549
references.citation: Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2006 Jun;16(3):319-26
references.pmid: 16697179
references.citation: Science. 2009 Nov 27;326(5957):1271-5
references.pmid: 19965478
references.citation: Science. 2011 Apr 8;332(6026):181-2
references.pmid: 21474742
references.citation: Biochemistry. 2006 Jun 27;45(25):7861-71
references.pmid: 16784238
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Sep 14;133(36):14188-91
references.pmid: 21848325
references.citation: Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2010 Sep 24;49(40):7180-201
references.pmid: 20669202
references.citation: Nat Chem Biol. 2009 Oct;5(10):718-20
references.pmid: 19684594
references.citation: Nature. 1998 Oct 8;395(6702):567-74
references.pmid: 9783582
references.citation: Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2012 Jan 16;51(3):647-51
references.pmid: 22076983
references.citation: RNA. 2011 Feb;17(2):213-21
references.pmid: 21173201
references.citation: Chem Biol. 2002 Sep;9(9):961-9
references.pmid: 12323370
references.citation: Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Feb 1;28(3):720-7
references.pmid: 10637323
references.citation: Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2005 Jun;15(3):324-30
references.pmid: 15922592
references.citation: Chem Biol. 1994 Dec;1(4):223-9
references.pmid: 9383394
references.citation: Biochemistry. 2010 Aug 10;49(31):6508-18
references.pmid: 20677830
references.citation: J Phys Chem B. 2011 Jun 30;115(25):8346-57
references.pmid: 21644800
references.citation: RNA Biol. 2011 Sep-Oct;8(5):719-27
references.pmid: 21734469
references.citation: Cell. 2008 Oct 31;135(3):462-74
references.pmid: 18984158
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2013 Jun 19;135(24):9121-9
references.pmid: 23679108
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Nov 16;133(45):18388-96
references.pmid: 21936556
references.citation: Biochemistry. 2000 Oct 24;39(42):12939-52
references.pmid: 11041859
references.citation: Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2005 Jan;12(1):82-9
references.pmid: 15580277
references.citation: Chem Biol. 2008 Apr;15(4):332-42
references.pmid: 18420140
references.citation: Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2005 Mar;12(3):218-24
references.pmid: 15723077
references.citation: Chem Biol. 1998 Sep;5(9):505-17
references.pmid: 9751647
references.citation: Nucleic Acids Res. 2012 Feb;40(3):1318-30
references.pmid: 21976731
references.citation: RNA. 2012 May;18(5):871-85
references.pmid: 22454536
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Mar 14;103(11):4052-5
references.pmid: 16537483
references.citation: EMBO J. 2002 May 15;21(10):2461-71
references.pmid: 12006498
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2007 Oct 31;129(43):13335-42
references.pmid: 17924627
references.citation: Science. 2000 Jul 21;289(5478):452-7
references.pmid: 10903206
references.citation: Met Ions Life Sci. 2011;9:141-73
references.pmid: 22010271
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Oct 2;109(40):16149-54
references.pmid: 22991464
references.citation: Astrobiology. 2013 Apr;13(4):391-403
references.pmid: 23551238
references.citation: Cell. 2006 Jul 28;126(2):309-20
references.pmid: 16859740
references.citation: Nat Chem. 2013 Jun;5(6):525-8
references.pmid: 23695635
references.citation: Nature. 2004 May 13;429(6988):201-5
references.pmid: 15141216
references.citation: Nature. 2010 May 13;465(7295):206-10
references.pmid: 20463735
references.citation: Nature. 2005 Sep 22;437(7058):584-7
references.pmid: 16113684
references.citation: Nat Chem Biol. 2005 Jun;1(1):45-52
references.pmid: 16407993
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2012 Oct 17;134(41):16933-6
references.pmid: 22989273
references.citation: Biochemistry. 2011 Aug 23;50(33):7236-42
references.pmid: 21770472
references.citation: EMBO J. 2007 May 16;26(10):2489-500
references.pmid: 17464286
references.citation: Mol Cell. 2004 Nov 5;16(3):351-62
references.pmid: 15525509
references.citation: Chem Sci. 2012;3(5):1707-1714
references.pmid: 23243490
references.citation: Mol Cell Biol. 2000 Nov;20(22):8432-46
references.pmid: 11046140
references.citation: Science. 2008 Apr 4;320(5872):77-82
references.pmid: 18388288
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Sep 20;102(38):13392-7
references.pmid: 16157868
references.citation: Science. 1994 Dec 9;266(5191):1685-8
references.pmid: 7527587
references.citation: RNA. 2008 Sep;14(9):1942-9
references.pmid: 18697921
references.citation: Biopolymers. 2007 Feb 5;85(2):169-84
references.pmid: 17080418
references.citation: Cell. 2012 Oct 26;151(3):497-507
references.pmid: 23101623
references.citation: EMBO J. 1995 Jan 16;14(2):368-76
references.pmid: 7835347
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Dec 10;99(25):15908-13
references.pmid: 12456892
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2008 Nov 19;130(46):15467-75
references.pmid: 18950173
references.citation: J Mol Biol. 2000 Mar 24;297(2):269-91
references.pmid: 10715200
references.citation: J Inorg Biochem. 2000 Jul 1;80(3-4):271-81
references.pmid: 11001099
references.citation: Nucleic Acids Res. 1997 Aug 1;25(15):3124-30
references.pmid: 9224614
references.citation: Annu Rev Biophys. 2009;38:271-99
references.pmid: 19416070
references.citation: Nucleic Acids Res. 2007;35(6):2047-59
references.pmid: 17344321
references.citation: Biopolymers. 2007 Dec 5-15;87(5-6):329-38
references.pmid: 17868095
references.citation: Mol Cell Biol. 1995 Aug;15(8):4466-78
references.pmid: 7542746
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 May 29;109(22):8417-22
references.pmid: 22586079
references.citation: Mol Biosyst. 2007 Sep;3(9):604-7
references.pmid: 17700860
references.citation: Methods Enzymol. 2009;468:335-67
references.pmid: 20946777
references.citation: Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 Feb 14;47(6):1749-51
references.pmid: 21125108
references.citation: Biochemistry. 1993 May 25;32(20):5273-81
references.pmid: 8499432
references.citation: RNA. 2005 Feb;11(2):187-96
references.pmid: 15659358
references.citation: Biochemistry. 2001 Oct 9;40(40):12022-38
references.pmid: 11580278
references.citation: Cell. 1982 Nov;31(1):147-57
references.pmid: 6297745
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Apr 3;104(14):5818-23
references.pmid: 17389378
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 May 9;92(10):4686-90
references.pmid: 7753865
references.citation: Acc Chem Res. 2011 Dec 20;44(12):1302-11
references.pmid: 21899297
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Apr 29;94(9):4262-6
references.pmid: 9113977
references.citation: Science. 1993 Aug 6;261(5122):709-14
references.pmid: 7688142
references.citation: EMBO J. 2002 Sep 2;21(17):4691-8
references.pmid: 12198171
references.citation: J Phys Chem Lett. 2011 Nov 17;2(22):2906-2911
references.pmid: 22163069
references.citation: Nucleic Acids Res. 2005 Dec 06;33(21):6920-30
references.pmid: 16332695
references.citation: Nat Struct Biol. 2003 Sep;10(9):672-3
references.pmid: 12942136
references.citation: Chem Biol. 1996 Dec;3(12):1039-46
references.pmid: 9000012
references.citation: Genes Dev. 2010 Apr 15;24(8):827-36
references.pmid: 20351053
references.citation: Annu Rev Biochem. 1997;66:19-59
references.pmid: 9242901
references.citation: RNA. 2008 Oct;14(10):2212-22
references.pmid: 18755844
references.citation: Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2008 Dec;12(6):619-25
references.pmid: 19081286
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2010 Sep 15;132(36):12587-96
references.pmid: 20722413
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Nov 6;98(23):12943-7
references.pmid: 11606743
references.citation: Met Ions Life Sci. 2011;9:299-345
references.pmid: 22010277
references.citation: Chem Biol. 2005 Nov;12(11):1221-6
references.pmid: 16298301
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Oct 1;110(40):E3800-9
references.pmid: 24043808
references.citation: RNA. 2004 Dec;10(12):1867-87
references.pmid: 15547134
references.citation: J Mol Biol. 1998 Oct 2;282(4):741-50
references.pmid: 9743623
references.citation: Nucleic Acids Res. 2013 Mar 1;41(5):3327-38
references.pmid: 23358821
references.citation: Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2010 Apr;14(2):269-75
references.pmid: 20047851
references.citation: Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct. 2005;34:415-40
references.pmid: 15869397
references.citation: Nat Struct Biol. 2003 Sep;10(9):708-12
references.pmid: 12881719
references.citation: Genes Dev. 1997 Nov 1;11(21):2910-24
references.pmid: 9353259
references.citation: Biochemistry. 2011 Apr 5;50(13):2672-82
references.pmid: 21348498
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2008 Mar 12;130(10):3053-64
references.pmid: 18271579
references.citation: RNA. 2001 Apr;7(4):537-45
references.pmid: 11345432
references.citation: RNA. 2000 Apr;6(4):554-62
references.pmid: 10786846
references.citation: RNA. 2000 Apr;6(4):545-53
references.pmid: 10786845
references.citation: Chem Biol. 2004 Sep;11(9):1217-27
references.pmid: 15380182
references.citation: Biochemistry. 2011 Nov 8;50(44):9424-33
references.pmid: 22003985
references.citation: Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 May 12;14(9):3627-40
references.pmid: 3714492