title: Resistive intrarenal index: myth or reality?
abstract: In renal diagnosis, the B-mode ultrasound is used to provide an accurate study of the renal morphology, whereas the colour and power Doppler are of strategic importance in providing qualitative and quantitative information about the renal vasculature, which can also be obtained through the assessment of the resistive index (RI). To date, this is one of the most sensitive parameters in the study of kidney diseases and allows us to quantify the changes in renal plasma flow. If a proper Doppler ultrasound examination is carried out and a critical analysis of the values obtained is performed, the RI measurement at the interlobar artery level has been suggested in the differential diagnosis between nephropathies. The aim of this review is to highlight the pathological conditions in which the study of intrarenal RI provides useful information about the pathophysiology of renal diseases in both the native and the transplanted kidneys.
authors.affiliation: 1 Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, "St Giovanni di Dio" Hospital, Agrigento, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Granata
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zanoli
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Clementi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fatuzzo
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Di Nicolò
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fiorini
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler / Q000379:methods*; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000502:physiology*
references.citation: Radiology. 1997 Apr;203(1):82-6
references.pmid: 9122420
references.citation: Int J Nephrol. 2012;2012:139565
references.pmid: 23304501
references.citation: Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2009 Jun;19(5):358-64
references.pmid: 18805683
references.citation: Kidney Int. 1997 Jun;51(6):1920-7
references.pmid: 9186883
references.citation: J Invasive Cardiol. 2012 Oct;24(10):504-9
references.pmid: 23043033
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 2014 Jan 2;370(1):13-22
references.pmid: 24245566
references.citation: J Ultrasound. 2007 Dec;10(4):161-7
references.pmid: 23396246
references.citation: AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2010 May;194(5):1365-72
references.pmid: 20410427
references.citation: Arch Ital Urol Androl. 2012 Dec;84(4):283-6
references.pmid: 23427765
references.citation: Urol Res. 2007 Dec;35(6):307-12
references.pmid: 17957364
references.citation: Ann Hepatol. 2010 Jan-Mar;9(1):40-5
references.pmid: 20308721
references.citation: Eur Radiol. 1998;8(8):1429-32
references.pmid: 9853230
references.citation: J Hum Hypertens. 2012 Dec;26(12):723-30
references.pmid: 21993489
references.citation: Radiology. 2009 Sep;252(3):888-96
references.pmid: 19528356
references.citation: J Int Med Res. 2011;39(1):249-55
references.pmid: 21672328
references.citation: J Ultrasound. 2009 Dec;12(4):133-43
references.pmid: 23397022
references.citation: Transpl Int. 2012 Apr;25(4):464-70
references.pmid: 22364312
references.citation: Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2009 Sep;24(9):2780-5
references.pmid: 19318356
references.citation: Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2012 Sep;23(5):985-92
references.pmid: 22982911
references.citation: Am J Kidney Dis. 2000 Apr;35(4):713-9
references.pmid: 10739794
references.citation: G Ital Nefrol. 2013 Mar-Apr;30(2):
references.pmid: 23832456
references.citation: J Ultrasound Med. 2011 Feb;30(2):169-75
references.pmid: 21266554
references.citation: Radiology. 1989 Sep;172(3):625-8
references.pmid: 2672090
references.citation: Pediatr Diabetes. 2010 Nov;11(7):479-86
references.pmid: 20202150
references.citation: Diabetologia. 2011 Sep;54(9):2430-9
references.pmid: 21499674
references.citation: Pathol Res Pract. 1980;167(2-4):204-16
references.pmid: 7433232
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 2013 Nov 7;369(19):1797-806
references.pmid: 24195547
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 2001 Feb 8;344(6):410-7
references.pmid: 11172177
references.citation: Clin Nephrol. 2009 Jun;71(6):680-6
references.pmid: 19473637
references.citation: BJU Int. 2001 Apr;87(6):562-4
references.pmid: 11298058
references.citation: Radiology. 2011 Jul;260(1):112-8
references.pmid: 21474707
references.citation: AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1990 Jun;154(6):1223-7
references.pmid: 2110732
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 2003 Jul 10;349(2):115-24
references.pmid: 12853584
references.citation: Arch Intern Med. 1997 Mar 10;157(5):564-6
references.pmid: 9066461
references.citation: Eur Radiol. 2001;11(10):1878-89
references.pmid: 11702120
references.citation: Diabet Med. 2012 Aug;29(8):1043-6
references.pmid: 22269249
references.citation: Radiology. 1991 May;179(2):419-23
references.pmid: 2014284
references.citation: Clin Exp Nephrol. 2011 Feb;15(1):114-20
references.pmid: 21069409
references.citation: Br J Anaesth. 2011 Dec;107(6):891-8
references.pmid: 21940396
references.citation: J Nephrol. 2009 Jan-Feb;22(1):13-6
references.pmid: 19229814
references.citation: Clin Nephrol. 2002 Jan;57(1):45-50
references.pmid: 11837800