title: Congenital hypothyroidism in neonates.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is one of the most common preventable causes of mental retardation in children and it occurs in approximately 1:2,000-1:4,000 newborns.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of CH in neonates.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study was conducted in neonatal units of the Department of Pediatrics Unit-I, King Edward Medical University/Mayo Hospital, Lahore and Lady Willington Hospital Lahore in 6 months (January-June 2011).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sample was collected by non-probability purposive sampling. After consent, 550 newborn were registered for the study. Demographic data and relevant history was recorded. After aseptic measures, 2-3 ml venous blood analyzed for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level by immunoradiometric assay. Treatment was started according to the individual merit as per protocol.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data was analyzed by SPSS 17 and Chi-square test was applied to find out the association of CH with different variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study population consisted of 550 newborns. Among 550 newborns, 4 (0.8%) newborns had elevated TSH level. CH had statistically significant association with mother's hypothyroidism (P value 0.000) and mother's drug intake during the pregnancy period (P value 0.013).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CH is 0.8% in neonates. It has statistically significant association with mother's hypothyroidism and mother's drug intake during pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, King Edward Medical University/Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Aneela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anjum
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, King Edward Medical University/Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad Faheem
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Afzal
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, King Edward Medical University/Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Syed Muhammad Javed
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Iqbal
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, King Edward Medical University/Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad Ashraf
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sultan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, PGMI, Gulab Devi Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Asif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hanif
keywords: Congenital hypothyroidism; newborn; thyroid-stimulating hormone
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