title: QuEChERS GC-MS validation and monitoring of pesticide residues in different foods in the tomato classification group.
abstract: The objective of this study was to validate (SANCO/12495/2011 and NTC-ISO/IEC 17025) multi-residue multi-class methods using QuEChERS sample preparation and GC-MS for the analysis of regulated pesticides in tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum), tamarillos (Solanum betaceum) and goldenberries (Physalis peruviana). These Latin American products are representative and widely produced in Antioquia (Colombia). Sample preparation followed the UNE-EN 15662 method (150 mg MgSO4, 25mg primary secondary amines and 25mg of octadecylsiloxane for cleanup; graphitized carbon black was added for tomatoes). Extracts were injected using a programmed temperature-vaporizing injector. The residues were validated over a range from 0.02 mg/kg to 0.20 mg/kg, with 24 analytes validated in tomatoes, 33 in tamarillos and 28 in goldenberries. An initial risk assessment was enabled by monitoring 24 samples in the municipalities of El Peñol, Marinilla and San Vicente Ferrer. Risks were found for tomatoes, but no significant risks were found for tamarillos or goldenberries.
authors.affiliation: Grupo Diagnóstico y Control de la Contaminación (GDCON), Facultad de Ingeniería, Sede de Investigaciones Universitarias (SIU), Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia; Posgrado en Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia. Electronic address: quimico.andres@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Andrés
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramírez Restrepo
authors.affiliation: Grupo Diagnóstico y Control de la Contaminación (GDCON), Facultad de Ingeniería, Sede de Investigaciones Universitarias (SIU), Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia. Electronic address: galloortiz@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Andrés Fernando
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Gallo Ortiz
authors.affiliation: Grupo Diagnóstico y Control de la Contaminación (GDCON), Facultad de Ingeniería, Sede de Investigaciones Universitarias (SIU), Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia. Electronic address: duvandvn@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Duvan Esteban
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Hoyos Ossa
authors.affiliation: Grupo Diagnóstico y Control de la Contaminación (GDCON), Facultad de Ingeniería, Sede de Investigaciones Universitarias (SIU), Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia. Electronic address: gpenuela@udea.edu.co.
authors.forename: Gustavo Antonio
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Peñuela Mesa
mesh_terms: D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000737:chemistry*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010573:Pesticide Residues; D010575:Pesticides
keywords: Colombia; Exotic fruits; GC–MS; Method validation; QuEChERS; Risk assessment