title: Analysis of the surgical treatment of endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) is defined as tuberculosis infection of the tracheobronchial tree. EBTB may require aggressive treatment, including lung resection, because of severe bronchostenosis and its complications, despite formal anti-TB chemotherapy. We present our experience of treating 25 patients with EBTB.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed retrospectively the medical records of 25 patients with EBTB treated between 2002 and 2012 at the Department of Thoracic Surgery in Beijing Chest Hospital.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 25 patients (5 male, 20 female) underwent surgery for fibrostenotic type EBTB. Bronchoscopy showed fibrostenotic change in all patients and a cough was the most common symptom. Postoperatively, all patients were given anti-TB therapy to take for 6-9 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EBTB tends to occur at a higher incidence in young women. Surgery may be required for severe bronchostenosis and its complications and should be performed for symptomatic fibrostenotic type EBTB. During the operation, attention should be paid to prevent severe complications and postoperative anti-TB therapy is mandatory.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 97 Ma Chang, Tongzhou District, Beijing, China, yangleiyuying@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: Zhang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tian-Hui
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ming
authors.forename: Chang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xiu-Jun
authors.forename: Duan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yong
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fu-Gen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001980:Bronchi / Q000473:pathology; D001982:Bronchial Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D001999:Bronchoscopy; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D011013:Pneumonectomy; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents
references.citation: Eur J Med Res. 2010;15:309-13
references.pmid: 20696643
references.citation: Ann Thorac Surg. 2010 Apr;89(4):1044-51; discussion 1051-2
references.pmid: 20338305
references.citation: J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1995 Oct;110(4 Pt 1):1118-24
references.pmid: 7475140
references.citation: Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 1999 Jun;15(6):758-63
references.pmid: 10431855
references.citation: AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1992 Nov;159(5):971-2
references.pmid: 1414809
references.citation: Respirology. 2000 Dec;5(4):411-7
references.pmid: 11192556
references.citation: J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1999 May;117(5):969-79
references.pmid: 10220692
references.citation: Singapore Med J. 2004 Aug;45(8):390-2
references.pmid: 15284934
references.citation: J Cardiothorac Surg. 2011 Dec 11;6:161
references.pmid: 22152759
references.citation: Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2012 Feb;41(2):335-40
references.pmid: 21684172
references.citation: Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 2007 Jan;15(1):45-8
references.pmid: 17244922
references.citation: AIDS. 1995 Oct;9(10):1159-64
references.pmid: 8519452
references.citation: Chest. 1992 Oct;102(4):990-4
references.pmid: 1395814
references.citation: Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2001 Jan;13(1):8-12
references.pmid: 11309719
references.citation: Surg Today. 2011 Dec;41(12):1661-4
references.pmid: 21969202
references.citation: Nihon Kokyuki Gakkai Zasshi. 2003 Aug;41(8):541-5
references.pmid: 14503340
references.citation: Ann Thorac Surg. 2001 Jul;72(1):243-7; discussion 248
references.pmid: 11465187
references.citation: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 1998 Jul;2(7):558-62
references.pmid: 9661822
references.citation: Respirology. 1996 Jun;1(2):95-106
references.pmid: 9434324
references.citation: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2011 Sep;30(9):1039-44
references.pmid: 21499709
references.citation: Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2010 Aug;38(2):198-202
references.pmid: 20153661
references.citation: Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2004 Jul;5(7):1463-70
references.pmid: 15212597
references.citation: Chest Surg Clin N Am. 2002 Aug;12(3):571-85
references.pmid: 12469488
references.citation: Chest. 2002 Jul;122(1):370-4
references.pmid: 12114385
references.citation: Ann Thorac Surg. 2011 Jan;91(1):234-8
references.pmid: 21172519