title: Intensification of anxiety and depression, and personal resources among women during the peri-operative period.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Surgical treatment of women due to gynaecological disorders is the cause of stress and may lead to psychological changes. Studies concerning human response to stress emphasize the importance of the effect of the level of the sense of coherence, anxiety, depression, dispositional optimism and skills of expressing emotions on the quality of feelings and experiences in difficult situations.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study covered 232 women who had undergone gynaecological surgery due to various causes. Permission to conduct the research was obtained from the Bioethical Commission at the Medical University in Lublin. The study was carried out with the use of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Beck Depression Inventory, Courtauld Emotional Control Scale (CECS), and Life Orientation Test - Revised (LOT-R).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study showed that investigations of the sense of coherence, level of anxiety and depression, and personal resources allow determination of the characteristics of patients who should be covered with special psycho-prophylactic care during the peri-operative period. In addition, the results of own studies obtained may be used for the development of adequate principles of psycho-prophylactic management in the course of the diagnostic-treatment process with respect to women who had undergone surgical treatment due to gynaecological disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Obstetric-Gynaecological Nursing, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lewicka
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Psychology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Makara-Studzińska
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Obstetric-Gynaecological Nursing, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sulima
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Obstetric-Gynaecological Nursing, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Henryk
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wiktor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D059035:Perioperative Period / Q000523:psychology*; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult