title: Polymorphism at the TNF-alpha gene interacts with Mediterranean diet to influence triglyceride metabolism and inflammation status in metabolic syndrome patients: From the CORDIOPREV clinical trial.
abstract: METHODS
  To examine whether the consumption of a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), compared with a low-fat diet, interacts with two single nucleotide polymorphisms at the tumor necrosis factor alpha gene (rs1800629, rs1799964) in order to improve triglycerides (TG), glycemic control, and inflammation markers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Genotyping, biochemical measurements, dietary intervention, and oral fat load test meal were determined in 507 metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients selected from all the subjects included in CORDIOPREV clinical trial (n = 1002). At baseline, G/G subjects (n = 408) at the rs1800629 polymorphism, showed higher fasting and postprandial TG (p = 0.003 and p = 0.025, respectively), and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (p = 0.003) plasma concentrations than carriers of the minor A-allele (G/A + A/A) (n = 99). After 12 months of MedDiet, baseline differences between genotypes disappeared. The decrease in TG and hsCRP was statistically significant in G/G subjects (n = 203) compared with carriers of the minor A-allele (p = 0.005 and p = 0.034, respectively) (n = 48). No other gene-diet interactions were observed in either diet.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the rs1800629 at the tumor necrosis factor alpha gene interacts with MedDiet to influence TG metabolism and inflammation status in MetS subjects. Understanding the role of gene-diet interactions may be the best strategy for personalized treatment of MetS.
authors.affiliation: Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gomez-Delgado
authors.forename: Juan Francisco
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Alcala-Diaz
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garcia-Rios
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Delgado-Lista
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ortiz-Morales
authors.forename: Oriol
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Rangel-Zuñiga
authors.forename: Francisco Jose
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Tinahones
authors.forename: Lorena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Guardia
authors.forename: Maria M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Malagon
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bellido-Muñoz
authors.forename: Jose M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ordovas
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Perez-Jimenez
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lopez-Miranda
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Perez-Martinez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000502:physiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D014280:Triglycerides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: CORDIOPREV study; Gene-diet interaction; Metabolic syndrome; Postprandial lipemia; TNF-alpha gene