title: An evaluation of thoron (and radon) equilibrium factor close to walls based on long-term measurements in dwellings.
abstract: Thoron gas and its progeny behave quite differently in room environments, owing to the difference in their half-lives; therefore, it is important to measure simultaneously gas and progeny concentrations to estimate the time-integrated equilibrium factor. Furthermore, thoron concentration strongly depends on the distance from the source, i.e. generally walls in indoor environments. In the present work, therefore, the measurements of both thoron and radon gas and their progeny concentrations were consistently carried out close to the walls, in 43 dwellings located in the Sokobanja municipality, Serbia. Three different types of instruments have been used in the present survey to measure the time-integrated thoron and radon gas and their progeny concentrations simultaneously. The equilibrium factor for thoron measured 'close to the wall', [Formula: see text], ranged from 0.001 to 0.077 with a geometric mean (GM) [geometric standard deviation (GSD)] of 0.006 (2.2), whereas the equilibrium factor for radon, FRn, ranged from 0.06 to 0.95 with a GM (GSD) of 0.23 (2.0).
authors.affiliation: Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.affiliation: Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Z S
authors.initials: ZS
authors.lastname: Zunic
authors.affiliation: Italian National Institute of Health (ISS), Rome, Italy gennaro.venoso@iss.it.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Venoso
authors.affiliation: Italian National Institute of Health (ISS), Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bochicchio
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medical Sciences, Goce Delcev University, Stip, Republic of Macedonia.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Stojanovska
authors.affiliation: Italian National Institute of Health (ISS), Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carpentieri
authors.affiliation: Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Prajith
authors.affiliation: Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Sapra
authors.affiliation: Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Mayya
authors.affiliation: Regulatory Science Research Group, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.affiliation: Regulatory Science Research Group, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Omori
authors.affiliation: Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Veselinovic
authors.affiliation: European Commission, DG JRC, Institute for Transuranium Elements, Ispra, Italy.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tollefsen
authors.affiliation: Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ujić
authors.affiliation: German Federal Office for Radiation Protection (BfS), Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bossew
mesh_terms: D000396:Air Pollutants, Radioactive / Q000032:analysis*; D006798:Housing; D006801:Humans; D011834:Radiation Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D011886:Radon / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000396:Air Pollutants, Radioactive; D011886:Radon