title: TRPM2.
abstract: TRPM2 is the second member of the transient receptor potential melastatin-related (TRPM) family of cation channels. The protein is widely expressed including in the brain, immune system, endocrine cells, and endothelia. It embodies both ion channel functionality and enzymatic ADP-ribose (ADPr) hydrolase activity. TRPM2 is a Ca(2+)-permeable nonselective cation channel embedded in the plasma membrane and/or lysosomal compartments that is primarily activated in a synergistic fashion by intracellular ADP-ribose (ADPr) and Ca(2+). It is also activated by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/NOS) and enhanced by additional factors, such as cyclic ADPr and NAADP, while inhibited by permeating protons (acidic pH) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP). Activation of TRPM2 leads to increases in intracellular Ca(2+) levels, which can serve signaling roles in inflammatory and secretory cells through release of vesicular mediators (e.g., cytokines, neurotransmitters, insulin) and in extreme cases can induce apoptotic and necrotic cell death under oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomedical Research, The Queen's Medical Center, 1301 Punchbowl Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA, mfaouzi@hawaii.edu.
authors.forename: Malika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Faouzi
authors.forename: Reinhold
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Penner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D015640:Ion Channel Gating; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D010641:Phenotype; D011487:Protein Conformation; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D050053:TRPM Cation Channels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D050053:TRPM Cation Channels; C121934:TRPM2 protein, human; C544443:TRPM2 protein, mouse