title: Molecular action mechanisms of solar infrared radiation and heat on human skin.
abstract: The generation of ROS underlies all solar infrared-affected therapeutic and pathological cutaneous effects. The signaling pathway NF-kB is responsible for the induced therapeutic effects, while the AP-1 for the pathological effects. The different signaling pathways of infrared-induced ROS and infrared-induced heat shock ROS were shown to act independently multiplying the influence on each other by increasing the doses of irradiation and/or increasing the temperature. The molecular action mechanisms of solar infrared radiation and heat on human skin are summarized and discussed in detail in the present paper. The critical doses are determined. Protection strategies against infrared-induced skin damage are proposed.
authors.affiliation: M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Leninskie Gory, 1-12, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: M Ya
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Akhalaya
authors.affiliation: M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Leninskie Gory, 1-12, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: G V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Maksimov
authors.affiliation: M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Leninskie Gory, 1-12, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Rubin
authors.affiliation: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lademann
authors.affiliation: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: maxim.darvin@charite.de.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Darvin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007259:Infrared Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000528:radiation effects; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016328:NF-kappa B; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1
keywords: Antioxidants; Free radicals; Pathways; Safety doses; Skin aging