title: High-throughput screening of metal-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes against biofilm formation by pathogenic bacteria.
abstract: A set of molecules including a majority of metal-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes (metal=Ag, Cu, and Au) and azolium salts were evaluated by high-throughput screening of their activity against biofilm formation associated with pathogenic bacteria. The anti-planktonic effects were compared in parallel. Representative biofilm-forming strains of various genera were selected (Listeria, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, and Escherichia). All the compounds were tested at 1 mg L(-1) by using the BioFilm Ring Test. An information score (IS, sum of the activities) and an activity score (AS, difference between anti-biofilm and anti-planktonic activity) were determined from normalized experimental values to classify the most active molecules against the panel of bacterial strains. With this method we identified lipophilic Ag(I) and Cu(I) complexes possessing aromatic groups on the NHC ligand as the most efficient at inhibiting biofilm formation.
authors.affiliation: Biofilm Control SAS, Biopôle Clermont-Limagne, 63360 Saint-Beauzire (France). thierry.bernardi@biofilmcontrol.com.
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bernardi
authors.forename: Stéphanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Badel
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.forename: Jérome
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Groelly
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: de Frémont
authors.forename: Béatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jacques
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Braunstein
authors.forename: Marie-Laure
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Teyssot
authors.forename: Christelle
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gaulier
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cisnetti
authors.forename: Arnaud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gautier
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Roland
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D056831:Coordination Complexes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000502:physiology; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000502:physiology; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D008697:Methane / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D056831:Coordination Complexes; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; C030011:carbene; D012834:Silver; D006046:Gold; D003300:Copper; D008697:Methane
keywords: antibiotics; biofilms; carbene ligands; group 11 elements; high-throughput screening