title: Single molecule studies of DNA mismatch repair.
abstract: DNA mismatch repair, which involves is a widely conserved set of proteins, is essential to limit genetic drift in all organisms. The same system of proteins plays key roles in many cancer related cellular transactions in humans. Although the basic process has been reconstituted in vitro using purified components, many fundamental aspects of DNA mismatch repair remain hidden due in part to the complexity and transient nature of the interactions between the mismatch repair proteins and DNA substrates. Single molecule methods offer the capability to uncover these transient but complex interactions and allow novel insights into mechanisms that underlie DNA mismatch repair. In this review, we discuss applications of single molecule methodology including electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, particle tracking, FRET, and optical trapping to studies of DNA mismatch repair. These studies have led to formulation of mechanistic models of how proteins identify single base mismatches in the vast background of matched DNA and signal for their repair.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Curriculum in Applied Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States. Electronic address: derie@unc.edu.
authors.forename: Dorothy A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Erie
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States.
authors.forename: Keith R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Weninger
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D053843:DNA Mismatch Repair; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes / Q000737:chemistry; D031541:Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force / Q000379:methods*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D052898:Optical Tweezers
chemical_list: D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes
keywords: AFM; Atomic force microscopy; FRET; Mismatch repair; One-dimensional diffusion; Protein–DNA interactions; Single particle tracking; Single-molecule fluorescence
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