title: Quantitative evaluation of electroconvulsive therapy for Parkinson's disease with refractory psychiatric symptoms.
abstract: Patients with advanced-stage Parkinson's disease (PD) occasionally experience refractory depression or catatonic stupor. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been reported as a successful procedure for both severe psychosis and motor symptoms in patients with PD. Four patients with PD who were receiving ECT were quantitatively evaluated using the Unified PD Rating scale part III, Hoehn and Yahr scale, Barthel index, Neuropsychiatric Inventory, mini-mental state examination, Revised Hasegawa's Dementia scale, Beck's Depression Inventory, and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression-17. We adopted the "half-age" method, which is an age-based stimulus-dosing method. The patients showed improvement in symptoms of psychosis and motor symptoms without any adverse effects. The interval of improvement after ECT varied among patients. Of note, a decrease in psychiatric symptoms successfully alleviated the burden of caregivers. ECT may be useful to treat parkinsonism with refractory psychosis, major depression, or catatonic stupor, within the limitations of the patients enrolled.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan, kenya.nishioka@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kenya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishioka
authors.forename: Ryota
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimura
authors.forename: Kazuoki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirano
authors.forename: Taku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hatano
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyakawa
authors.forename: Heii
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: Nobutaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Urabe
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004565:Electroconvulsive Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
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