title: The effects of a transtheoretical model-based exercise stage-matched intervention on exercise behavior in patients with coronary heart disease: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether a transtheoretical model-based exercise stage-matched intervention (ESMI) has positive effects on the exercise behavior of sedentary patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was a randomized controlled trial with a repeated measures design. Participants (N=196) were randomly allocated to either a conventional (C) group, a patient education (PE) group, or an ESMI group. Exercise behavior was measured by exercise stages of change, exercise self-efficacy, exercise decisional balance, and duration of moderate exercise at baseline, immediate post-intervention, and at 3- and 6-month follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results showed that the ESMI group demonstrated a more positive shift in exercise stages of change (p<0.01), higher exercise self-efficacy (p<0.01), greater exercise benefits (p<0.01), fewer exercise barriers (p<0.01), and longer moderate exercise duration (minutes/week) (p<0.01) after completion of the 8-week intervention compared with the C and PE groups. These significantly positive effects were maintained at 3- and 6-month follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The transtheoretical model-based ESMI had significantly positive effects on the exercise behavior of sedentary CHD patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is important to provide a structured education program for CHD patients, preferably guided by the transtheoretical model.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong; Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address: Lixia.ZHU.SN@connect.polyu.hk.
authors.forename: Li-Xia
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong. Electronic address: jacqueline.ho@polyu.edu.hk.
authors.forename: Shuk-Ching
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.affiliation: The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. Electronic address: janet.sit@cuhk.edu.hk.
authors.forename: Janet Wing Hung
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Sit
authors.affiliation: Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address: nurhhg@nus.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Hong-Gu
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000628:therapy*; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015438:Health Behavior; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D020377:Self Efficacy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Coronary heart disease; Exercise behavior; Exercise stage-matched intervention; Transtheoretical model