title: TFIIH phosphorylation of the Pol II CTD stimulates mediator dissociation from the preinitiation complex and promoter escape.
abstract: The transition between transcriptional initiation and elongation by RNA polymerase (Pol) II is associated with phosphorylation of its C-terminal tail (CTD). Depletion of Kin28, the TFIIH subunit that phosphorylates the CTD, does not affect elongation but causes Pol II occupancy profiles to shift upstream in a FACT-independent manner indicative of a defect in promoter escape. Stronger defects in promoter escape are linked to stronger effects on preinitiation complex formation and transcription, suggesting that impairment in promoter escape results in premature dissociation of general factors and Pol II near the promoter. Kin28 has a stronger effect on genes whose transcription is dependent on SAGA as opposed to TFIID. Strikingly, Kin28 depletion causes a dramatic increase in Mediator at the core promoter. These observations suggest that TFIIH phosphorylation of the CTD causes Mediator dissociation, thereby permitting rapid promoter escape of Pol II from the preinitiation complex.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China.
authors.forename: Koon Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: yi_jin@hms.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: kevin@hms.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Struhl
mesh_terms: D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017353:Gene Deletion; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012319:RNA Polymerase II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D035362:Transcription Factor TFIID / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051758:Transcription Factor TFIIH / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D061785:Transcription Initiation, Genetic; D015003:Yeasts / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D035362:Transcription Factor TFIID; D051758:Transcription Factor TFIIH; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases; D012319:RNA Polymerase II
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