title: Smile attractiveness of patients treated for congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors as rated by dentists, laypersons, and the patients themselves.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Esthetic judgments can help dental professionals better understand how attentive people are to their own smiles and those of others.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the smile attractiveness of patients treated for maxillary lateral incisor agenesis compared with that of individuals with a complete dentition.
  
  
  METHODS
  Photographs were made of the smiles of patients with maxillary lateral incisor agenesis who were treated with space closure and teeth recontouring (n=26) or space opening and implants (n=20) and of a control group with a complete dentition (n=22). Both laypersons and dentists assessed smile attractiveness by using a visual analog scale. Patients and controls also assessed the level of satisfaction with their own smile. Assessments were performed twice, and the reliability of the method was determined with Cronbach α and intraclass correlation. Multifactorial and 1-way ANOVA were used to analyze smile attractiveness and participant satisfaction, followed by the Bonferroni post hoc test (α=.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Attractiveness ratings by dentists and laypersons did not differ significantly among the study groups (P=.64). The ratings of male dentists and female laypersons differed significantly from those of other evaluators (P=.01). Patients with space closure and teeth recontouring were significantly more satisfied than controls (P=.002). No significant differences were found between the patients with implants and controls or between the patients with implants and those with space closure and teeth recontouring.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The smiles of patients with maxillary lateral incisor agenesis were judged to be as attractive as those of the controls. Male dentists were the most critical raters, closely followed by female laypersons. All participants had high levels of satisfaction with their own smile; patients treated with space closure and teeth recontouring were the most satisfied.
authors.affiliation: Graduate student, School of Dentistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. Electronic address: lumanzotti@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Luciana Manzotti
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: De-Marchi
authors.affiliation: Auxiliary Professor, Department of Dentistry, University Center of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Núbia Inocencya Pavesi
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Pini
authors.affiliation: Graduate student, School of Dentistry (Restorative Dentistry), Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adilson Luis
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.affiliation: Associate Clinical Professor, School of Dentistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renata Corrêa
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Pascotto
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000848:Anodontia / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001294:Attitude to Health; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000523:psychology; D003815:Dentists / Q000523:psychology*; D004955:Esthetics, Dental; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000002:abnormalities*; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla; D008875:Middle Aged; D019516:Orthodontic Space Closure / Q000523:psychology; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D023861:Photography, Dental; D012737:Sex Factors; D012904:Smiling; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000523:psychology; D064232:Visual Analog Scale; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants