title: Blood component usage during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: experience in 98 patients at a Latin-American tertiary hospital.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hemorrhagic complications during ECMO may affect a large proportion of the patients depending on the clinical setting. To guarantee optimal delivery of blood products to these patients, blood banks require updated information on the transfusion requirements. Few studies to date provide this information. This work assesses transfusion requirements in neonates and children during ECMO during the past 9 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed blood bank and hospital records of patients who underwent ECMO at our institution between May 2003 and May 2012. Data obtained included age, weight, diagnosis, type, length of ECMO, and daily transfusion requirements during ECMO. Descriptive and non-parametric inferential statistic analyses were performed. Our series included 98 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean time of patients on ECMO was 9.2 days, with the longest treatment spanning 22 days. Mean daily transfusion requirements were 39.5 ml/kg of RBC, 12.9 ml/kg of plasma, 34.3 ml/kg of platelets and 1.4 ml/kg of cryoprecipitate. Patients who underwent ECMO due to cardiac disease or congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) required significantly higher transfusion volumes of plasma (p<0.05), platelets (p< 0.05) and cryoprecipitate (p<0.05) when compared to patients underwent ECMO due to respiratory disease. Concomitant with the aging of ECMO circuits, patients showed increased requirements of RBC, plasma, and CRYO around the seventh day of the ECMO run. This effect was not observed for platelets, which remained nearly consistent around 2.2 transfusions/day.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ECMO patients required significant transfusion support, which was particularly higher among patients who underwent ECMO due to cardiac disease or congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
authors.affiliation: 1 Departments of Clinical Laboratories, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago - Chile.
authors.forename: Marcela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Henríquez-Henríquez
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kattan
authors.forename: Mayling
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pizarro
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Faunes
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: Alvaro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pereira
mesh_terms: D016913:Blood Component Transfusion / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002677:Chile; D015199:Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers