title: Robotic hip arthroscopy: a cadaveric feasibility study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to test if robotic surgery can be used while performing hip arthroscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hip arthroscopy was performed on two hip joints of a fresh-frozen male human cadaver. The arthroscopic control of the femoral head and neck and acetabular labrum were evaluated using the da Vinci Surgical System.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Docking of the robotic system and manipulation of the instruments were successful. Although most regions reached in standard arthroscopy were also reached with this robotic setting, the 5-mm instrument was limited in movement due to its long articulation section. The 8-mm instrument had shorter articulation section and exhibited a full range of motion inside the joints. The posterior part of the femoral head and the posteroinferior portion of the acetabular labrum could not be observed because of the rigidity of the equipment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Robotic hip arthroscopy appears feasible in a cadaveric model but has some significant limitations. With the development of special instrumentations, arthroscopy of the large or small joints may be possible with robotic surgery. Robotic surgery may also enable surgeons to perform more complex and precise tasks in restricted spaces.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cetin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Işik
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Ankara University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nihal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Apaydin
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Ankara University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Halil Ibrahim
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Açar
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nurdan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cay
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Firat
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bozkurt
mesh_terms: D020679:Arthroscopes / Q000592:standards; D001182:Arthroscopy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing / Q000379:methods; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D012371:Robotics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods