title: Proliferation potential of Müller glia after retinal damage varies between mouse strains.
abstract: Retinal Müller glia can serve as a source for regeneration of damaged retinal neurons in fish, birds and mammals. However, the proliferation rate of Müller glia has been reported to be low in the mammalian retina. To overcome this problem, growth factors and morphogens have been studied as potent promoters of Müller glial proliferation, but the molecular mechanisms that limit the proliferation of Müller glia in the mammalian retina remain unknown. In the present study, we found that the degree of damage-induced Müller glia proliferation varies across mouse strains. In mouse line 129×1/SvJ (129), there was a significantly larger proliferative response compared with that observed in C57BL/6 (B6) after photoreceptor cell death. Treatment with a Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) inhibitor enhanced the proliferation of Müller glia in 129 but not in B6 mouse retinas. We therefore focused on the different gene expression patterns during retinal degeneration between B6 and 129. Expression levels of Cyclin D1 and Nestin correlated with the degree of Müller glial proliferation. A comparison of genome-wide gene expression between B6 and 129 showed that distinct sets of genes were upregulated in the retinas after damage, including immune response genes and chromatin remodeling factors.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, Center for Developmental Biology, RIKEN, Minatojima, Chu-O-ku, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suga
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, Center for Developmental Biology, RIKEN, Minatojima, Chu-O-ku, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuyo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sadamoto
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, Center for Developmental Biology, RIKEN, Minatojima, Chu-O-ku, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Momo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, Center for Developmental Biology, RIKEN, Minatojima, Chu-O-ku, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Michiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mandai
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, Center for Developmental Biology, RIKEN, Minatojima, Chu-O-ku, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly / Q000187:drug effects; D063928:Ependymoglial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D012160:Retina / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology*; D013045:Species Specificity; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3
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