title: Dickkopf-related protein 1 inhibits the WNT signaling pathway and improves pig oocyte maturation.
abstract: The ability to mature oocytes in vitro provides a tool for creating embryos by parthenogenesis, fertilization, and cloning. Unfortunately the quality of oocytes matured in vitro falls behind that of in vivo matured oocytes. To address this difference, transcriptional profiling by deep sequencing was conducted on pig oocytes that were either matured in vitro or in vivo. Alignment of over 18 million reads identified 1,316 transcripts that were differentially represented. One pathway that was overrepresented in the oocytes matured in vitro was for Wingless-type MMTV integration site (WNT) signaling. In an attempt to inhibit the WNT pathway, Dickkopf-related protein 1 was added to the in vitro maturation medium. Addition of Dickkopf-related protein 1 improved the percentage of oocytes that matured to the metaphase II stage, increased the number of nuclei in the resulting blastocyst stage embryos, and reduced the amount of disheveled segment polarity protein 1 protein in oocytes. It is concluded that transcriptional profiling is a powerful method for detecting differences between in vitro and in vivo matured oocytes, and that the WNT signaling pathway is important for proper oocyte maturation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Science, Animal Science Research Center, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America.
authors.forename: Lee D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Spate
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Science, Animal Science Research Center, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America.
authors.forename: Alana N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Science, Animal Science Research Center, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America.
authors.forename: Bethany K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Redel
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Science, Animal Science Research Center, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America.
authors.forename: Kristin M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Whitworth
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Science, Animal Science Research Center, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America.
authors.forename: Clifton N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Science, Animal Science Research Center, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America.
authors.forename: Randall S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Prather
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D000072261:Dishevelled Proteins; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D008677:Metaphase; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D009866:Oogenesis / Q000235:genetics*; D010312:Parthenogenesis / Q000235:genetics*; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine; D059467:Transcriptome; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D060449:Wnt Signaling Pathway / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000072261:Dishevelled Proteins; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D051153:Wnt Proteins
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