title: Relating prognosis in chromophobe renal cell carcinoma to the chromophobe tumor grading system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The chromophobe subtype of renal cell carcinoma (chRCC) has generally been associated with a better prognosis than the clear cell type; however, debate continues as to absolute prognosis as well as the significance of certain prognostic variables. We investigated the significance of pathologic stage and a recently proposed chromophobe tumor grading (CTG) scheme in predicting chRCC outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  All available chRCCs were identified from our surgical pathology archives from 1987-2010. Original slides were reviewed to verify diagnoses and stage, and each case was graded following a novel chromophobe tumor grade system criteria. Disease status was obtained from a clinical outcome database, and cancer specific deaths and recurrences were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty-one cases of chRCC were identified, and 73 had adequate follow-up information available. There were only 3 instances of cancer related recurrence or mortality, which included 1 disease specific mortality and 2 disease recurrences. Pathologic stage and CTG 3 were found to be significantly associated with the recurrences or death from chRCC, but there was no association with CTG 1 and CTG 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  chRCC is associated with a very low rate of cancer specific events (4.1%) even at a tertiary referral center. In our study, pathologic stage and CTG 3, but not CTG 1 or 2, were significantly associated with the development of these events.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Weinzierl
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Alan E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Thong
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA. ; Department of Urology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Jesse K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: McKenney
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin I
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Chung
keywords: Nephrectomy; Prognosis; Renal cell carcinoma
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