title: Effect of extraction media and storage time on the elution of monomers from four contemporary resin composite materials.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of different extraction media, including culture media, as well as storage times on the elution of monomers from modern dental composites.
  
  
  METHODS
  FOUR CONTEMPORARY COMPOSITE MATERIALS WERE TESTED: (a) Clearfil Majesty Esthetic (Kuraray), (b) Esthet X (DENTSPLY), (c) Filtek Silorane (3M ESPE), and (d) Admira (Voco). Forty-eight specimens were made. The specimens were stored in 1 ml of (a) artificial saliva, (b) Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM), (c) DMEM plus 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), and (d) ethanol 75%. The specimens were analyzed after 24 hours and after 1 week of storage. HPLC Liquid Chromatography was performed to analyze the extracted solutions. The statistical package SPSS 18 was used for the statistical analysis of the results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the materials tested released monomers that were consistent with the base composition of their resin matrix. Bisphenol-A (BPA) was detected in Clearfil Esthetic and EsthetX when ethanol 75% was used for storage. TEGDMA was released at a faster rate compared to the other monomers with most of the monomer eluted in the first 24 hours. The effect of storage solution and storage time on the elution of the same monomers varied between materials.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was a significant effect of time, storage solution, and material on the elution of the detectable unbound monomers. Unbound monomers were detected in culture media, which may lead to false-negative results in cytotoxicity tests of resin composite materials. BPA was detected in two of the tested materials.
authors.affiliation: The Academic Unit of Restorative Dentistry is a Department in the Dental School in Sheffield, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Claremont Crescent, S10 2TA, Sheffield, UK.
authors.forename: Effrosyni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tsitrou
authors.affiliation: The Academic Unit of Restorative Dentistry is a Department in the Dental School in Sheffield, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Claremont Crescent, S10 2TA, Sheffield, UK.
authors.forename: Stavros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kelogrigoris
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Clinical Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Koulaouzidou
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Clinical Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Antoniades-Halvatjoglou
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Clinical Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Eugenia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Koliniotou-Koumpia
authors.affiliation: The Academic Unit of Restorative Dentistry is a Department in the Dental School in Sheffield, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Claremont Crescent, S10 2TA, Sheffield, UK.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: van Noort
keywords: High-performance liquid chromatography; monomer elution; resin composite restorations; storage solution; storage time
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