title: Flaxseed oil during lactation changes milk and body composition in male and female suckling pups rats.
abstract: We have reported several changes in neonate or adult offspring after the maternal use of whole flaxseed or its components. However, it is unknown the use of higher oil intake in the neonatal period. Here we evaluated the effects of high maternal intake of flaxseed oil during lactation upon milk and body composition in male and female offspring. Lactating rats were divided into: (1) control (C, n=10), 7% soybean oil; (2) hyper 19% soybean oil (HS, n=10); and (3) hyper 17% flaxseed oil+2% soybean oil (HF, n=10). Dams and offspring were killed at weaning. HS and HF dams, male and female offspring presented lower body weight during lactation. HF mothers presented lower body and visceral fat masses. HF male offspring presented lower body and subcutaneous fat masses. HS and HF milk presented lower triglycerides (TG) and cholesterol. HF male and female offspring showed lower triglyceridemia and insulinemia, but no changes in glycemia and leptinemia. The higher intake of flaxseed oil during lactation reduced the body weight of mothers and offspring, decreases milk lipids and apparently increases insulin sensitivity in this critical period of life. Those changes may explain the previously reported programming effect of maternal flaxseed intake during lactation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Sciences, Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20551-030, Brazil.
authors.forename: Deysla Sabino
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Guarda
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Sciences, Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20551-030, Brazil.
authors.forename: Patricia Cristina
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Lisboa
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Sciences, Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20551-030, Brazil.
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Lipids Laboratory, Medical School, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20551-030, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Firmino
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Nogueira-Neto
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Sciences, Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20551-030, Brazil. Electronic address: egbertomoura@globo.com.
authors.forename: Egberto Gaspar
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: de Moura
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Sciences, Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20551-030, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana Sarto
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Figueiredo
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007774:Lactation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008043:Linseed Oil / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects; D009035:Mothers; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D008043:Linseed Oil; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: Body composition; Flaxseed oil; Lactation; Milk