title: Comparison of interleukin-6 and matrix metalloproteinase expression in the subretinal fluid and the vitreous during proliferative vitreoretinopathy: correlations with extent, duration of RRD and PVR grade.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The full extent of IL-6 involvement in PVR pathophysiology has not yet been comprehensively investigated. The aim of this study was the comparison of the IL-6 effect on MMP expression between SRF and the vitreous in the context of RRD complicated by PVR.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-one SRF samples from 31 eyes of 31 consecutive patients suffering from RRD with PVR were collected during treatment by scleral buckling. Twenty-eight vitreous samples from 28 eyes of 28 RRD patients with PVR were collected during surgical management with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay was employed for the measurement of MMP-1, -3, -8 and TIMP-1 concentrations (in ng/ml). MMP gelatinolytic activity was determined with the use of gelatin zymography analysis using sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Correlation analysis in the SRF revealed a significant correlation between MMP-1/IL6 and RRD duration. Regression analysis in the SRF revealed a significant correlation between the MMP-9/IL-6 and RRD extent. In the same fluid, with respect to PVR grade, ANOVA revealed a significant relationship with the proMMP-2/IL-6, MMP-2/IL6 and TIMP-1/IL-6 ratios. Graphical representation of the results revealed that, between the SRF and vitreous groups, significant peak values were observed for all MMP/IL-6 and TIMP-1/IL-6 ratios included in this study with the exception of the MMP-2/IL-6 ratio.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It appears that there is a significant correlation between the presence of IL-6 and MMP/TIMP ratio in the SRF, indicating that IL-6 may contribute to the increased MMP/TIMP ratio during PVR.
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Ophthalmology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Chrysanthos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Symeonidis
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Eleni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Papakonstantinou
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece. Electronic address: androudi@otenet.gr.
authors.forename: Sofia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Androudi
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Ophthalmology, University of Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Ilias
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Georgalas
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Ophthalmology, University of Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Tryfon
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rotsos
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Karakiulakis
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Eudoxia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Diza
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Ophthalmology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Stavros A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Dimitrakos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005780:Gelatin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism*; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D020784:Matrix Metalloproteinase 8 / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000378:metabolism; D058471:Subretinal Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D018630:Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative / Q000378:metabolism*; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; C560822:TIMP1 protein, human; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D005780:Gelatin; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020784:Matrix Metalloproteinase 8; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1
keywords: IL-6; Matrix metalloproteinases; Proliferative vitreoretinopathy; Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment; Subretinal fluid