title: Outdoor (1→3)-β-D-glucan levels and related climatic factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the monthly variation in the airborne (1→3)-β-D-glucan level throughout one year and its relationship with climatic factors (temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, hours of daylight, cloud cover, and pollen counts).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 106 samples were collected using a two-stage cyclone sampler at five outdoor sampling locations (on top of 5 university buildings). The kinetic limulus amebocyte lysate assay was used to obtain (1→3)-β-D-glucan levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Airborne (1→3)-β-D-glucan levels were significantly higher in the spring, particularly in April, and temperature was significantly related to (1→3)-β-D-glucan levels (r =0.339, p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  (1→3)-β-D-glucan levels may be highest in the spring, and outdoor temperature may influence (1→3)-β-D-glucan levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health and Environment, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Chung Sik
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Bum
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005936:Glucans / Q000032:analysis*; D006813:Humidity; D012621:Seasons; D013696:Temperature; D014919:Wind
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D005936:Glucans
keywords: (1→3)-β-D-glucan; Climatic factors; Indicators; Pollen; Temperature
references.citation: Arch Environ Health. 1999 May-Jun;54(3):172-9
references.pmid: 10444038
references.citation: BMC Public Health. 2011 Nov 24;11:890
references.pmid: 22115497
references.citation: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2002 Aug;110(2):285-92
references.pmid: 12170270
references.citation: Indoor Air. 2005 Jun;15(3):160-9
references.pmid: 15865616
references.citation: Environ Res. 2009 Apr;109(3):215-24
references.pmid: 19201399
references.citation: Clin Exp Allergy. 2004 Oct;34(10):1591-6
references.pmid: 15479275
references.citation: Ann Occup Hyg. 2011 Apr;55(3):272-85
references.pmid: 21177263
references.citation: Ann Occup Hyg. 2012 Mar;56(2):170-81
references.pmid: 22003240
references.citation: Yeast. 1994 Jul;10(7):851-69
references.pmid: 7985414