title: Safety and Immunogenicity of a Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae bacterin for domestic sheep (Ovis aries).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mortality from epizootic pneumonia is hindering re-establishment of bighorn sheep populations in western North America. Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae, a primary agent of this disease, is frequently carried asymptomatically by the domestic sheep and goats that constitute the reservoir of this agent for transmission to bighorn sheep. Our long-term objective is to reduce the risk of M. ovipneumoniae infection of bighorn sheep; one approach to this objective is to control the pathogen in its reservoir hosts.
  
  
  METHODS
  The safety and immunogenicity of M. ovipneumoniae for domestic sheep was evaluated in three experimental immunization protocols: 1) live M. ovipneumoniae (50 ug protein); 2) killed M. ovipneumoniae (50 ug whole cell protein) in oil adjuvant; and 3) killed M. ovipneumoniae (250 ug whole cell protein) in oil adjuvant. Immunogenicity was assessed by two serum antibody measures: competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) (experiments 1-3) and serum growth inhibition (Experiment 3). Passive immunogenicity was also assessed in the third experiment using the same assays applied to blood samples obtained from the lambs of immunized ewes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adverse reactions to immunization were generally minor, but local reactions were regularly observed at immunization sites with bacterins in oil adjuvants. No evidence of M. ovipneumoniae specific antibody responses were observed in the first or second experiments and no resistance to colonization was observed in the first experiment. However, the ewes in the third experiment developed strong cELISA serum antibody responses and significant serum M. ovipneumoniae inhibition activity, and these responses were passively transferred to their lambs. The results of these trials indicate that immunization with relatively large antigenic mass combined with an adjuvant is capable of inducing strong active antibody responses in ewes and passively immunizing lambs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jessie C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Ziegler
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America.
authors.forename: Kevin K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Lahmers
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America.
authors.forename: George M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Barrington
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America.
authors.forename: Steven M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Parish
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America.
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kilzer
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America.
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America.
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Besser
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D045802:Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae / Q000276:immunology*; D012756:Sheep; D034561:Sheep, Domestic
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines
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