title: What's the healthiest day?: Circaseptan (weekly) rhythms in healthy considerations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Biological clocks govern numerous aspects of human health, including weekly clocks-called circaseptan rhythms-that typically include early-week spikes for many illnesses.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether contemplations for healthy behaviors also follow circaseptan rhythms.
  
  
  METHODS
  We assessed healthy contemplations by monitoring Google search queries (2005-2012) in the U.S. that included the word healthy and were Google classified as health-related (e.g., healthy diet). A wavelet analysis was used in 2013 to isolate the circaseptan rhythm, with the resulting series compared by estimating ratios of relative query volume (healthy versus all queries) each day (e.g., (Monday-Wednesday)/Wednesday).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Healthy searches peaked on Monday and Tuesday, thereafter declining until rebounding modestly on Sunday. Monday and Tuesday were statistically indistinguishable (t=1.22, p=0.22), but their combined mean had 30% (99% CI=29, 32) more healthy queries than the combined mean for Wednesday-Sunday. Monday and Tuesday query volume was 3% (99% CI=2, 5) greater than Wednesday, 15% (99% CI=13, 17) greater than Thursday, 49% (99% CI=46, 52) greater than Friday, 80% (99% CI=76, 84) greater than Saturday, and 29% (99% CI=27, 31) greater than Sunday. We explored media-based (priming) motivations for these patterns and they were consistently rejected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Just as many illnesses have a weekly clock, so do healthy considerations. Discovery of these rhythms opens the door for a new agenda in preventive medicine, including implications for hypothesis development, research strategies to further explore these rhythms, and interventions to exploit daily cycles in healthy considerations.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. Electronic address: ayers.john.w@gmail.com.
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Ayers
authors.affiliation: The Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico.
authors.forename: Benjamin M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Althouse
authors.affiliation: The Mondays Campaign, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Morgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Human Language Technology Center of Excellence, Johns Hopkins University.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dredze
authors.affiliation: Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Joanna E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Cohen
mesh_terms: D001683:Biological Clocks / Q000502:physiology*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D057386:Search Engine / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States; D058067:Wavelet Analysis