title: Parmotrema tinctorum exhibits antioxidant, antiglycation and inhibitory activities against aldose reductase and carbohydrate digestive enzymes: an in vitro study.
abstract: This study evaluated the inhibitory potential of ethyl acetate extract of Parmotrema tinctorum (PTEE), an edible lichen, against aldose reductase (AR) and carbohydrate digestive enzymes such as α-glucosidase and α-amylase. It was also screened for antioxidant activities by using DPPH, ABTS, superoxide and hydroxyl radical-scavenging assays. PTEE exhibited α-glucosidase, α-amylase and AR inhibition along with significant antiglycation potential with an estimated IC50 value of 58.45 ± 1.24, 587.74 ± 3.27, 139.28 ± 2.6 and 285.78 ± 1.287 μg/mL, respectively. Antioxidant activity of PTEE against DPPH (IC50 396.83 ± 2.98 μg/mL), ABTS (151.34 ± 1.79 μg/mL), superoxide (30.29 ± 1.17 μg/mL) and hydroxyl (35.42 ± 1.22 μg/mL) radicals suggests the antioxidant potential of P. tinctorum. Significant antioxidant activity and inhibitory potential against carbohydrate digestive enzymes and AR suggest that P. tinctorum can be developed as functional food/nutraceuticals for diabetes after detailed study.
authors.affiliation: a Agroprocessing and Natural Products Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST) , Pappanamcode, Thiruvananthapuram , Kerala 695019 , India.
authors.forename: P Salin
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Raj
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Prathapan
authors.forename: Jomon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sebastian
authors.forename: Antu K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Antony
authors.forename: Mariam Philip
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Riya
authors.forename: M R Preetha
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Rani
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Biju
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Priya
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Raghu
mesh_terms: D000449:Aldehyde Reductase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D008011:Lichens / Q000737:chemistry*; D010851:Picrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D000516:alpha-Amylases / Q000187:drug effects*; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D010851:Picrates; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase; D000516:alpha-Amylases; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases
keywords: antioxidants; hyperglycaemia; lichen; nutraceuticals; α-amylase; α-glucosidase