title: Novel insights on the role of CD8+ T cells and cytotoxic responses during Helicobacter pylori infection.
abstract: Helicobacter pylori chronically persists in 50% of the human population and causes serious gastric and duodenal pathologies in 15% of infected people. Research on the immune response to the infection has mainly focused on the induction of CD4+ T cell responses. Human studies emphasize the potential clinical relevance of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes, however this cell type has barely been reported in studies employing mouse or gerbil models. Traditionally characterized as an extracellular bacterium, H. pylori has been identified inside epithelial and immune cells. Similarly to other intracellular bacteria, H. pylori infection of macrophages can alter autophagy and phagosome processing. A novel animal model of H. pylori infection demonstrates for the first time the induction of cytotoxic CD8+ T cell responses in pigs and localization of intracellular H. pylori within lymphoid aggregates. Here, we discuss novel mechanisms of host-H. pylori interactions that could lead to the induction of cytotoxic responses.
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory and Center for Modeling Immunity to Enteric Pathogens; Virginia Bioinformatics Institute; Virginia Tech; Blacksburg, VA USA.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kronsteiner
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory and Center for Modeling Immunity to Enteric Pathogens; Virginia Bioinformatics Institute; Virginia Tech; Blacksburg, VA USA.
authors.forename: Josep
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bassaganya-Riera
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory and Center for Modeling Immunity to Enteric Pathogens; Virginia Bioinformatics Institute; Virginia Tech; Blacksburg, VA USA.
authors.forename: Noah
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Philipson
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory and Center for Modeling Immunity to Enteric Pathogens; Virginia Bioinformatics Institute; Virginia Tech; Blacksburg, VA USA.
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hontecillas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005849:Gerbillinae; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000276:immunology*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D013552:Swine; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology*
keywords: CD8 T cells; Helicobacter pylori; Tbet; autophagy; gastric epithelial cells; gastritis; immunohistochemistry; intracellular bacteria; macrophages; pig models
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