title: Gαs protein expression is an independent predictor of recurrence in prostate cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  T393C polymorphism in the gene GNAS1, which encodes the G-protein alpha s subunit (Gαs) of heterotrimeric G protein, is significantly associated with the clinical outcome of patients suffering from several cancers. However, studies on the role and protein expression of Gαs subunit in prostate cancer were still unavailable.
  
  
  METHODS
  The immunohistochemical staining was used to assess Gαs expression through tissue microarray procedure of 56 metastatic PCas, 291 localized PCas, and 67 benign hyperplasia (BPH). Gαs expression was semiquantitatively scored and evaluated the correlation with pathologic parameters and biochemical recurrence of prostate-specific antigen (PSA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Gαs expression was localized in nuclear and cytoplasm in prostate cancer cells and downregulated in metastatic PCa compared to localized PCa and BPH (P < 0.001). Gαs was inversely associated with PSA level and Gleason scores; patients with low expression of Gαs had adverse clincopathological features. In multivariable Cox regression analysis, high Gαs expression and Gleason scores were independent predictors of both PSA progression-free and overall survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gαs down-expression is associated with adverse pathologic features and clinical PSA biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer. Gαs is an independent predictor to help determine the risk of PSA progression and death.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University of Medical College, Xi'an 710061, China.
authors.forename: Lijuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University of Medical College, Xi'an 710061, China.
authors.forename: Guihua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University of Medical College, Xi'an 710061, China.
authors.forename: Chenchen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University of Medical College, Xi'an 710061, China.
authors.forename: Xijing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University of Medical College, Xi'an 710061, China.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University of Medical College, Xi'an 710061, China.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University of Medical College, Xi'an 710061, China.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ying
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University of Medical College, Xi'an 710061, China.
authors.forename: Le
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University of Medical College, Xi'an 710061, China.
authors.forename: Huili
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University of Medical College, Xi'an 710061, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019205:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D019205:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs
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