title: Evaluation of rapid response team implementation in medical emergencies: A gallant evidence based medicine initiative in developing countries for serious adverse events.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Rapid response team (RRT) has been implemented in developed countries with the aim of early recognition and response to critical care triggers for the better patient outcome. However, the data concerning their efficacy is hardly available until date from Indian subcontinent.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the impact of RRT implementation on patient outcome during medical emergencies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective observational study of RRT records of in-bed patients of super specialty academic teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  RRT record forms during the first half of the year from January 2012 to June 2012 were included for all inpatients and out-patients irrespective of their age, gender and diseases profile after their inclusion in the system. Outcomes such as patient stayed in the room, patient transfer to intensive care unit (ICU), patient discharge and generation of code blue event, mortality and length of stay in hospital/ICU were measured.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive analysis was performed with the help of statistical software STATA 9.0 and R 2.13.2 (StataCorp LP, Lakeway Drive College Station, Texas, USA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analysis of 41 RRT calls showed decreased code blue calls by 2.44% and decrease in mortality by 4.88%. Average length of stay in ICU and hospital post RRT assistance for patients was 2.55 and 6.95 days respectively. Conversely percentage of patients requiring a higher level of care was more (75.61%) than those who stayed in their rooms/wards (24.39%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Implementation of RRT in this hospital was associated with reduced code blue events and its attendant mortality outside the ICU settings. However, more number of patient requiring higher levels of care delineates the need for a larger evidence based medicine study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research and Associated Hakeem Abdul Hameed Centenary Hospital, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Mohammed Fayyaz
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Rashid
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research and Associated Hakeem Abdul Hameed Centenary Hospital, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imran
authors.affiliation: Department of Critical Care Medicine, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, India.
authors.forename: Yash
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Javeri
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rajani
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College and LNJP Hospital, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Shadab
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Samad
authors.affiliation: Department of Critical Care Medicine, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, India.
authors.forename: Omender
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Singh
keywords: Code blue events; evidence based medicine; medical emergency team; rapid response team; rationale therapeutics; serious adverse events
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