title: Hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype and risk of cardiovascular diseases in China: results from the Kailuan Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  While some case-control studies have showed the correlation between the hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTGW) phenotype (increased WC and hypertriglyceridemia) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) events, there are few data regarding this correlation in cohort studies, especially in Asian populations that have a higher prevalence of central obesity than other populations.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between HTGW phenotype and risk of incident CVD events among men and women in China.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed 95,015 participants (18-98 years old) in the Kailuan Study. CVDs developed in 1958 people during follow-up. The cutoffs for defining HTGW phenotype were a waist circumference (WC) of 90 cm or more and a triglyceride level of 2.0 mmol/L or more for men and a WC of 85 cm or more and a triglyceride level of 1.5 mmol/L or more for women. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated from Cox regression models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with participants who had a normal WC and a normal triglyceride level (NWNT), those with HTGW phenotype had a higher WC, body mass index, prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus; and a lower level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The HTGW group had an unadjusted HR of 1.76 (95% CI=1.55-1.99) for future CVDs compared with the NWNT group. After adjustment for confounders, the HR still remained significant (HR=1.24, 95% CI=1.07-1.44).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HTGW phenotype was associated with the risk of CVDs independently. HTGW phenotype might be a simple but useful tool to screen the individuals at a high risk for future CVDs, and it might be recommended in most clinical practices.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Anxin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zhaoxia
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Chunxue
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yanxia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Kailuan Hospital, Hebei United University, Tangshan, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoxue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Electronic address: guoxiuh@ccmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiuhua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Kailuan Hospital, Hebei United University, Tangshan, China. Electronic address: drwusl@163.com.
authors.forename: Shouling
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Electronic address: zxq@vip.163.com.
authors.forename: Xingquan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D064250:Hypertriglyceridemic Waist / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012306:Risk; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: CVD risk; Hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTGW) phenotype; Triglycerides; Waist circumference