title: Infection of apple by apple stem grooving virus leads to extensive alterations in gene expression patterns but no disease symptoms.
abstract: To understand the molecular basis of viral diseases, transcriptome profiling has been widely used to correlate host gene expression change patterns with disease symptoms during viral infection in many plant hosts. We used infection of apple by Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV), which produces no disease symptoms, to assess the significance of host gene expression changes in disease development. We specifically asked the question of whether such asymptomatic infection is attributed to limited changes in host gene expression. Using RNA-seq, we identified a total of 184 up-regulated and 136 down-regulated genes in apple shoot cultures permanently infected by ASGV in comparison with virus-free shoot cultures. As in most plant hosts showing disease symptoms during viral infection, these differentially expressed genes encode known or putative proteins involved in cell cycle, cell wall biogenesis, response to biotic and abiotic stress, development and fruit ripening, phytohormone function, metabolism, signal transduction, transcription regulation, translation, transport, and photosynthesis. Thus, global host gene expression changes do not necessarily lead to virus disease symptoms. Our data suggest that the general approaches to correlate host gene expression changes under viral infection conditions to specific disease symptom, based on the interpretation of transcription profiling data and altered individual gene functions, may have limitations depending on particular experimental systems.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shanyi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shaojie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zaifeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Liyun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D058070:Asymptomatic Diseases; D046508:Culture Techniques; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018745:Genome, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D027845:Malus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D018519:Meristem / Q000254:growth & development; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D010942:Plant Viruses / Q000502:physiology*; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA
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