title: Glibenclamide treatment modulates the expression and localization of myosin-IIB in diabetic rat brain.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Myosin-IIB is a non-muscle isoform in the brain with increased expression in the brains of diabetic rats. Chronic hyperglycemia caused by diabetes can impair learning and memory. Oral hypoglycemic agents such as glibenclamide have been used to control hyperglycemia. We report changes in the expression and distribution of myosin-IIB in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of diabetic rats treated with glibenclamide.
  
  
  METHODS
  The brains were removed after 43 days of treatment with glibenclamide (6 mg/kg bw orally), homogenized and analyzed by Western blotting, qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Myosin-IIB expression increased in the brains of diabetic rats. However, protein expression returned to control levels when treated with glibenclamide. In addition, the expression of MYH10 gene encoding non-muscle myosin heavy chain-B decreased in diabetic rats treated with glibenclamide. Moreover, we found weak myosin-IIB labeling in the hippocampus and frontal cortex of rats treated with glibenclamide. Therefore, the expression of myosin-IIB is affected by diabetes mellitus and may be modulated by glibenclamide treatment in rats. Structural changes in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex are reversible, and glibenclamide treatment may reduce the patho-physiological changes in the brain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings can contribute to the understanding of the regulation of myosins in the brains of diabetic rats.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, MG 38400-902, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alice Vieira
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: da Costa
authors.affiliation: Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, MG 38400-902, Brazil; Faculty of Integrated Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Campus Pontal, Ituiutaba, MG 38304-402, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciana Karen
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Calábria
authors.affiliation: Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, MG 38400-902, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: de Souza Santos
authors.affiliation: Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, MG 38400-902, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz Ricardo
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Goulart
authors.affiliation: Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, MG 38400-902, Brazil. Electronic address: foued@ufu.br.
authors.forename: Foued Salmen
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Espindola
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005905:Glyburide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D024501:Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIB / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D024501:Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIB; C103815:nonmuscle myosin type IIB heavy chain; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains; D005905:Glyburide
keywords: Brain; Diabetes mellitus; Glibenclamide; Hippocampus; Myosin-IIB; Streptozotocin