title: Correlates of hepatitis B among patients with mental illness in Brazil.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess correlates of hepatitis B among adults with mental illness under care in Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional national multicenter study of 2206 patients with mental illnesses randomly selected from 26 public mental health services. Sociodemographic and behavioral data were obtained from face-to-face interviews and psychiatric diagnoses from medical charts. Serology testing was conducted, and prevalence rate ratios were estimated by log-binomial regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The weighted prevalence rates of current hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (HBsAg+) and previous HBV exposure (anti-HBc+) were 2.0% [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.5%-2.7%] and 17.1% (95% CI: 16.0%-19.0%), respectively. Correlates of HBsAg+ included male gender, younger age (18-29 years), unstable place of residence, intellectual disability, main psychiatric diagnosis of dementia, presence of other medical comorbitidy, use of alcohol/drugs during sex, more than one sexual partner and use of cocaine. Correlates of anti-HBc+ included male gender, older age (≥30 years), black skin color, lower education, unstable place of residence, currently hospitalized, intellectual disability, history of any sexually transmitted disease or syphilis, poor HIV knowledge, history of imprisonment and sexual violence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hepatitis B is an important comorbidity among psychiatric patients in Brazil. Screening for HBV, effective prevention and intervention strategies, including universal HBV immunization, should be routine practices in these mental health services.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Reference Center CTR-DIP Orestes Diniz, Municipal Health Division/Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Research Group in Epidemiology and Health Service Evaluation, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Electronic address: ricardocarmo.bhz@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ricardo Andrade
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Carmo
authors.affiliation: Research Group in Epidemiology and Health Service Evaluation, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; School of Medicine, Federal University of São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Paula Souto
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Melo
authors.affiliation: Research Group in Epidemiology and Health Service Evaluation, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Eduardo de Menezes Hospital, State Health Department of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lorenza Nogueira Campos
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Dezanet
authors.affiliation: Research Group in Epidemiology and Health Service Evaluation, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Raul Soares Hospital, State Health Department of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Helian Nunes
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Francine
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cournos
authors.affiliation: Research Group in Epidemiology and Health Service Evaluation, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mark Drew Crosland
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Guimarães
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Brazil; HBV prevalence; Hepatitis B; Mental illness; Multicenter study