title: Trichothecene genotypes and production profiles of Fusarium graminearum isolates obtained from barley cultivated in Argentina.
abstract: Fusarium graminearum is one of the most important pathogens isolated from small cereal grains with Fusarium Head Blight symptoms. The presence of this fungus is often linked to the occurrence of several mycotoxins in barley and wheat. The aim of our study was to characterize trichothecene genotypes and production profiles of F. graminearum sensu stricto isolates obtained from barley grains in Argentina. A total of 110 F. graminearum s.s. isolates were analyzed by PCR assays to predict deoxynivalenol (DON), 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON) and nivalenol (NIV) production, and all isolates were found to belong to the same molecular 15-ADON genotype. Trichothecene production in autoclaved rice was analyzed by using gas chromatography (GC) and confirmed by GC-MS. Of the 110 isolates, 95% were able to produce DON, 71% produced 15-ADON, 63% 3-ADON and 52% NIV. With the exception of a single isolate, all isolates that produced NIV, also produced DON. However, the NIV production was very low, ranging from 0.13 to 0.30 μg/g. Six different production profiles of DON and its acetyl-derivatives were detected, the predominant being simultaneous production of DON, 3-ADON and 15-ADON, followed by DON production, and DON and 15-ADON co-production. This work is the first attempt to characterize the trichothecene genotypes and production profiles of F. graminearum s.s. isolates from Argentinean barley.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Biología Funcional y Biotecnología (BIOLAB)-CICBA-INBIOTEC, Facultad de Agronomía de Azul-UNCPBA, Av. República de Italia 780, 7300 Azul, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Eliana
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Castañares
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Microbiología de Alimentos, PROPLAME-PRHIDEB, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, UBA, C1428EGA Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Diana Ramirez
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Albuquerque
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Biología Funcional y Biotecnología (BIOLAB)-CICBA-INBIOTEC, Facultad de Agronomía de Azul-UNCPBA, Av. República de Italia 780, 7300 Azul, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: María Inés
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Dinolfo
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Microbiología de Alimentos, PROPLAME-PRHIDEB, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, UBA, C1428EGA Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Virginia Fernandez
authors.initials: VF
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Microbiología de Alimentos, PROPLAME-PRHIDEB, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, UBA, C1428EGA Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Patriarca
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Biología Funcional y Biotecnología (BIOLAB)-CICBA-INBIOTEC, Facultad de Agronomía de Azul-UNCPBA, Av. República de Italia 780, 7300 Azul, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Cátedra de Microbiología, Facultad de Agronomía de Azul-UNCPBA, Av. República de Italia 780, 7300, Azul, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Electronic address: stenglein@faa.unicen.edu.ar.
authors.forename: Sebastián Alberto
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Stenglein
mesh_terms: D001118:Argentina; D005670:Fusarium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005838:Genotype; D001467:Hordeum / Q000382:microbiology*; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D009183:Mycotoxins
keywords: Chemical production profiles; Fusarium graminearum; Genotype; Hordeum vulgare; Trichothecenes