title: Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism and hypersegmented neutrophils in a patient with ataxia-telangiectasia-like disorder: potential diagnostic clues?
abstract: Ataxia-telangiectasia-like disorder (ATLD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, and has symptoms similar to ataxia-telangiectasia (AT). ATLD is caused by mutations in the MRE11 gene, involved in DNA double-strand break repair (DSBR). In contrast to AT, ATLD patients lack key clinical features, such as telangiectasia or immunodeficiency, and are therefore difficult to be diagnosed. We report a female ATLD patient presenting with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism and hypersegmented neutrophils, previously undescribed features in this disorder, and potential diagnostic clues to differentiate ATLD from other conditions. The patient showed slowly progressive cerebellar ataxia from 2 years of age, and MRI revealed atrophy of the cerebellum, oculomotor apraxia, mild cognitive impairment, writing dystonia, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism with primary amenorrhea, and hypersegmented neutrophils. Western blot assay demonstrated total loss of MRE11 and reduction of ATM-dependent phosphorylation; thus, we diagnosed ATLD. Genetically, a novel missense mutation (c.140C>T) was detected in the MRE11 gene, but no other mutation was found in the patient. Our presenting patient suggests that impaired DSBR may be associated with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism and neutrophil hypersegmentation. In conclusion, when assessing patients with ataxia of unknown cause, ATLD should be considered, and the gonadal state and peripheral blood smear samples evaluated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Tomonari
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Awaya
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Hironao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Numabe
authors.forename: Junya
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Kenshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Heike
mesh_terms: D001260:Ataxia Telangiectasia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007006:Hypogonadism / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000076228:MRE11 Homologue Protein; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000473:pathology*; D010641:Phenotype; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C121766:MRE11 protein, human; D000076228:MRE11 Homologue Protein
keywords: ATLD; MRE11; ataxia-telangiectasia-like disorder; hypergonadotropic hypogonadism; hypersegmented neutrophil