title: Polysaccharide extract of Cordyceps sobolifera attenuates renal injury in endotoxemic rats.
abstract: Extracts derived from Cordyceps have been demonstrated to possess various pharmacological effects, including immunomodulatory, antitumor, hypoglycemic, and antioxidant activities. This study was aimed to clarify the role of CS-P, a polysaccharide fraction isolated from Cordyceps sobolifera, in modulating nephrofunctional damage in a rat model of endotoxemia. CS-P (500 mg/kg body weight) was orally administered to rats for 4 weeks before the peritoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 mg/kg body weight). Pre-treatment with CS-P significantly attenuated the deleterious renal functions caused by LPS, i.e., elevated blood urea nitrogen and creatinine as well as urine protein. Histopathological examination of kidney tissues also demonstrated that CS-P improved LPS-induced pathological abnormalities. The induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase and the overproduction of nitric acid by LPS were also significantly reduced by CS-P via inhibiting nuclear factor-κB activation. In addition, CS-P pre-treatment suppressed the plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6. Concurrently, CS-P supplementation potently suppressed the LPS-induced rise of lipid peroxidation and markedly enhanced the antioxidant defense system by restoring the levels of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase in kidney. The present results suggested that CS-P pre-treatment could protect against LPS-triggered inflammatory responses and renal injury in rats.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Biotechnology, Hungkuang University, 1018, Sec. 6, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu Dist., Taichung 43302, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chun-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Biotechnology, Hungkuang University, 1018, Sec. 6, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu Dist., Taichung 43302, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Charng-Cherng
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chyau
authors.affiliation: Grape King Biotechnology Center, 60, Sec 3, Longgang Rd., Chung-Li City, Taoyuan County 320, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chin-Chu
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Biotechnology, Hungkuang University, 1018, Sec. 6, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu Dist., Taichung 43302, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Cheng-Hsine
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Section of Nephrology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 1650, Sect. 4, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung 40705, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chi-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan. Electronic address: mmong@asia.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Mei-Chin
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Mong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D032661:Cordyceps / Q000737:chemistry*; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004798:Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity; D008297:Male; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009566:Nitrates / Q000097:blood; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000097:blood; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004798:Enzymes; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides; D020011:Protective Agents; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496318:Nos2 protein, rat
keywords: Anti-inflammatory; Antioxidant; Cordyceps sorolifera; Lipopolysacchride; Polysaccharide; Renal injury