title: The lag effects and vulnerabilities of temperature effects on cardiovascular disease mortality in a subtropical climate zone in China.
abstract: This research quantifies the lag effects and vulnerabilities of temperature effects on cardiovascular disease in Changsha--a subtropical climate zone of China. A Poisson regression model within a distributed lag nonlinear models framework was used to examine the lag effects of cold- and heat-related CVD mortality. The lag effect for heat-related CVD mortality was just 0-3 days. In contrast, we observed a statistically significant association with 10-25 lag days for cold-related CVD mortality. Low temperatures with 0-2 lag days increased the mortality risk for those ≥65 years and females. For all ages, the cumulative effects of cold-related CVD mortality was 6.6% (95% CI: 5.2%-8.2%) for 30 lag days while that of heat-related CVD mortality was 4.9% (95% CI: 2.0%-7.9%) for 3 lag days. We found that in Changsha city, the lag effect of hot temperatures is short while the lag effect of cold temperatures is long. Females and older people were more sensitive to extreme hot and cold temperatures than males and younger people.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resource Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. huangjx@lreis.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Jixia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resource Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. wangjf@lreis.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Jinfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health and Social Work, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4059, Australia. weiwei.yu2011@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Weiwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000397:Air Pollution; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000401:mortality*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D002980:Climate; D003080:Cold Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012306:Risk; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors
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