title: Stromal expression of carbonic anhydrase IX in esophageal cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX), a transmembrane glycoprotein, is known as an endogenous marker for hypoxia. Overexpressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts, CA IX has been reported to be associated with a poor outcome for a number of malignant tumors. Aim of this study was to investigate the role of CA IX in the tumor surrounding stroma of esophageal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Stromal expression of CA IX in 361 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens of invasive esophageal cancers, 206 adenocarcinoma (AC) and 155 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), was investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 42 cases (11.6 %), CA IX expression in the tumor surrounding stroma (AC 23 and SCC 19) was observed. Expression of CA IX correlated with the factors tumor stage (p < 0.001) and lymph node status (p = 0.008). Patients with CA IX expressed in the tumor surrounding stroma had a significant shorter disease-free survival (p = 0.007) and overall survival (p = 0.013).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In esophageal cancer, CA IX-expressing tumor stroma is associated with shorter survival. Inhibition of the tyrosine kinase CA IX might represent a new onset for therapies against esophageal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Gastroesophageal Cancer Unit, Department of Surgery, Upper-GI-Service, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jomrich
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jesch
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Birner
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schwameis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paireder
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Asari
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Schoppmann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D000071231:Carbonic Anhydrase IX; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C089226:CA9 protein, human; D000071231:Carbonic Anhydrase IX; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases
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