title: Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma: a potential gold standard treatment with excellent perioperative outcomes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To report on the perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) for multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma (MCRCC) and evaluate the feasibility of this minimally invasive technique as a potential gold standard treatment for MCRCC.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the database of surgically pathological findings of patients who were diagnosed with MCRCC at Peking University First Hospital and Chinese PLA General Hospital (Beijing, China) between May 2009 and January 2013. A total of 42 patients with an average age of 48.3 years who were treated with LPN were collected. The patients' perioperative outcomes were reported and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All operations were performed successfully without massive hemorrhage or open conversion. None of patients received lymph node dissection or metastasectomy. Two patients required postoperative transfusion with a mean amount of 175 cc packed red blood cells. Only three patients experienced mild postoperative complications. The mean operative time was 2.4 ± 1.2 hours, including the mean warm ischemia time (WIT) of 23.2 ± 5.7 minutes. The mean estimated blood loss was 72.0 ± 49.6 ml. The mean retroperitoneal drainage was 4.4 ± 1.7 days. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 6.1 ± 1.9 days. Pathologically, 40 (95.2%) of the tumors presented as stage pT1abN0M0, while the remaining two (4.8%) presented as stage pT2aN0M0. No recurrences or new lesions occurred in these patients at a mean follow-up time of 30.0 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the effective option of LPN is not yet the gold standard treatment for conventional renal cell carcinoma, it should be strongly recommended as a potential gold standard treatment for MCRCC due to the benign nature of MCRCC and the excellent perioperative outcomes provided by LPN.
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mi
authors.forename: Li-qun
authors.initials: LQ
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital and Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Center, 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China. zhangqian@bjmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Guang-fu
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D052177:Kidney Diseases, Cystic / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010535:Laparoscopy; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009392:Nephrectomy; D019990:Perioperative Care; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
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