title: Outcome analysis of aromatase inhibitor therapy to increase adult height in males with predicted short adult stature and/or rapid pubertal progress: a retrospective chart review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) have been used off-label to increase adult height in short adolescent males. Studies have shown that AIs increase the predicted adult height (PAH) while delaying bone age (BA) maturation. We sought to determine whether AI therapy increases PAH in boys with short stature or rapid pubertal progression, and to evaluate any untoward effects.
  
  
  METHODS
  The charts of 27 boys with BA ≥ 13 and short stature [height ≥ 2 standard deviation (SD) below the mean or ≥ 2 SD below mid-parental target height (MPTH)] or rapid pubertal progress, treated with anastrozole were reviewed. Outcome measures included anthropomorphic, hormonal, and metabolic data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The AI therapy averaged 21 months (range 14-30 months) for all, with Rx group 1 receiving <18 months therapy (n=7) and Rx group 2 receiving 18-30 months therapy (n=20). Post-therapy, in Rx group 1 and all subjects, there was no significant change in the PAH, height SDS, or BA/chronological age (CA). In Rx group 2, there was a small, nonsignificant increase in PAH, no change in height SDS, and a small decrease in BA/CA. Post-therapy PAH was different from MPTH in all and in both Rx groups 1 and 2, p<0.02. Eight of them achieved near-final height, averaging 6.73 ± 1.40 cm less than MPTH and 1.91 ± 0.86 cm less than the pre-therapy PAH. Post-therapy, the initially decreased estradiol did not persist but mildly increased testosterone and decreased high-density lipoprotein were noted, as was an increase in hematocrit, and decrease in growth velocity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suggest that although bone age progression may be slightly delayed with longer duration of therapy, an overall short-term AI therapy does not lead to a final height that is greater than the predicted pre-therapy height.
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shams
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cameo
authors.forename: Ilene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fennoy
authors.forename: Abeer A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Hassoun
authors.forename: Shulamit E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Lerner
authors.forename: Gaya S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Aranoff
authors.forename: Aviva B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Sopher
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Donald J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: McMahon
authors.forename: Sharon E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Oberfield
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000365:Age Determination by Skeleton; D000077384:Anastrozole; D047072:Aromatase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001827:Body Height / Q000187:drug effects*; D001846:Bone Development / Q000187:drug effects; D004392:Dwarfism / Q000188:drug therapy; D006130:Growth Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009570:Nitriles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011627:Puberty / Q000187:drug effects; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012741:Sexual Maturation; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014230:Triazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D047072:Aromatase Inhibitors; D009570:Nitriles; D014230:Triazoles; D000077384:Anastrozole
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