title: Genetic diversity of MSP1 Block 2 of Plasmodium vivax isolates from Manaus (central Brazilian Amazon).
abstract: The diversity of MSP1 in both Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax is presumed be associated to parasite immune evasion. In this study, we assessed genetic diversity of the most variable domain of vaccine candidate N-terminal PvMSP1 (Block 2) in field isolates of Manaus. Forty-seven blood samples the polymorphism of PvMSP1 Block 2 generates four fragment sizes. In twenty-eight of them, sequencing indicated seven haplotypes of PvMSP1 Block 2 circulating among field isolates. Evidence of striking exchanges was observed with two stretches flanking the repeat region and two predicted recombination sites were described. Single nucleotide polymorphisms determined with concurrent infections per patient indicated that nonsynonymous substitutions occurred preferentially in the repeat-rich regions which also were predicted as B-cell epitopes. The comprehensive understanding of the genetic diversity of the promising Block 2 associated with clinical immunity and a reduced risk of infection by Plasmodium vivax would be important for the rationale of malaria vaccine designs.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Leonidas e Maria Deane, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rua Teresina 476 Adrianópolis, 69057-070 Manaus, AM, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leidiane Amorim
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5379-9870
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Programa Multi-Institucional de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia (PPGBIOTEC) Avenida Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos 3000, Coroado, Manaus, AM, Brazil.
authors.forename: Janaína
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Evangelista
authors.affiliation: Instituto Leonidas e Maria Deane, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rua Teresina 476 Adrianópolis, 69057-070 Manaus, AM, Brazil.
authors.forename: Patricia Puccinelli
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Orlandi
authors.affiliation: Instituto Leonidas e Maria Deane, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rua Teresina 476 Adrianópolis, 69057-070 Manaus, AM, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Edilene
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.affiliation: Instituto Leonidas e Maria Deane, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rua Teresina 476 Adrianópolis, 69057-070 Manaus, AM, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciana Pereira
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: de Sousa
authors.affiliation: Instituto Leonidas e Maria Deane, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rua Teresina 476 Adrianópolis, 69057-070 Manaus, AM, Brazil.
authors.forename: Yury
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chaves
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Programa Multi-Institucional de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia (PPGBIOTEC) Avenida Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos 3000, Coroado, Manaus, AM, Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Barbosa-Filho
authors.affiliation: Hospital Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Avenida Pedro Teixeira 25, Dom Pedro, 69.040-000 Manaus, AM, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcus Vinícius
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Lacerda
authors.affiliation: Instituto Leonidas e Maria Deane, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rua Teresina 476 Adrianópolis, 69057-070 Manaus, AM, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luis André
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Mariuba
authors.affiliation: Instituto Leonidas e Maria Deane, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rua Teresina 476 Adrianópolis, 69057-070 Manaus, AM, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo Afonso
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3015-1021
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Nogueira
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D001938:Brazil; D018985:Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D057131:Immune Evasion; D016780:Malaria, Vivax / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology; D020066:Merozoite Surface Protein 1 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010966:Plasmodium vivax / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D018985:Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte; D020066:Merozoite Surface Protein 1
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