title: Productive replication of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in monocyte-derived dendritic cells modulates innate immune response.
abstract: The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) closely resembled severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in disease manifestation as rapidly progressive acute pneumonia with multi-organ dysfunction. Using monocyte-derived-dendritic cells (Mo-DCs), we discovered fundamental discrepancies in the outcome of MERS-CoV- and SARS-CoV-infection. First, MERS-CoV productively infected Mo-DCs while SARS-CoV-infection was abortive. Second, MERS-CoV induced significantly higher levels of IFN-γ, IP-10, IL-12, and RANTES expression than SARS-CoV. Third, MERS-CoV-infection induced higher surface expression of MHC class II (HLA-DR) and the co-stimulatory molecule CD86 than SARS-CoV-infection. Overall, our data suggests that the dendritic cell can serve as an important target of viral replication and a vehicle for dissemination. MERS-CoV-infection in DCs results in the production of a rich combination of cytokines and chemokines, and modulates innate immune response differently from that of SARS-CoV-infection. Our findings may help to explain the apparent discrepancy in the pathogenicity between MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
authors.forename: Hin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
authors.forename: Bosco Ho-Yin
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
authors.forename: Cun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
authors.forename: Zhong-Shan
authors.initials: ZS
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
authors.forename: Vincent Kwok-Man
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Poon
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
authors.forename: Tianhao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
authors.forename: Candy Choi-Yi
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
authors.forename: Jasper Fuk-Woo
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
authors.forename: Kelvin Kai-Wang
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: To
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
authors.forename: Kwok-Hung
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
authors.forename: Liwei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
authors.forename: Bo-Jian
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. Electronic address: kyyuen@hkucc.hku.hk.
authors.forename: Kwok-Yung
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Yuen
mesh_terms: D051940:B7-2 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017934:Coronavirus / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate
chemical_list: D051940:B7-2 Antigen; C497964:CD86 protein, human; D016207:Cytokines; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II
keywords: Antigen-presentation; Cytokine and chemokine response; MERS-CoV; Pathogenesis; SARS-CoV; Viral replication
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