title: The association of socioeconomic status with three-year clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the clinical outcomes were associated with socioeconomic status (SES) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The author analyzed 2,358 patients (64.9 ± 12.3 yr old, 71.5% male) hospitalized with AMI between November 2005 and June 2010. SES was measured by the self-reported education (years of schooling), the residential address (social deprivation index), and the national health insurance status (medical aid beneficiaries). Sequential multivariable modeling assessed the relationship of SES factors with 3-yr major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and mortality after the adjustment for demographic and clinical factors. During the 3-yr follow-up, 630 (26.7%) MACEs and 322 (13.7%) all-cause deaths occurred in 2,358 patients. In multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression modeling, the only lower education of SES variables was associated with MACEs (hazard ratio [HR], 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-1.91) and mortality (HR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.16-3.20) in the patients with AMI who underwent PCI. The study results indicate that the lower education is a significant associated factor to increased poor clinical outcomes in patients with AMI who underwent PCI.
authors.affiliation: The Heart Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea. ; Department of Public Health, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong Hun
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5637-1121
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: The Heart Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea. ; Department of Public Health, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Myung Ho
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4173-1494
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: In Hyae
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Soo
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Ae
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.affiliation: The Heart Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Doo Hwan
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: The Heart Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Soo Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: The Heart Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: In Soo
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: The Heart Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Hae Chang
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: The Heart Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Yeong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: The Heart Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Soo Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: The Heart Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Ki Hong
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: The Heart Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Keun-Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: The Heart Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Doo Sun
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Sim
authors.affiliation: The Heart Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Kye Hun
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: The Heart Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Joon
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: The Heart Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung Wook
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: The Heart Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Ju Han
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: The Heart Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Youngkeun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: The Heart Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong Gwan
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: The Heart Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Chun
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000191:economics / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012923:Social Class; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Acute Myocardial Infarction; Mortality; Social Class
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