title: An optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction and simultaneous quantification of 26 characteristic components with four structure types in functional foods from ginkgo seeds.
abstract: An optimized method of ultrasound-assisted extraction followed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UAE-UHPLC-TQ/MS(2)) was proposed for the simultaneous extraction and determination of 26 characteristic components covering four structure types (flavonoids, terpene lactones, ginkgolic acids and phenylpropanols) in ginkgo seeds (GSs). The UAE parameters (ultrasound power, time and solvent-to-material ratio) were optimized using a response surface methodology. This is the first report of the simultaneous analysis of 26 compounds in Ginkgo biloba using UHPLC-TQ/MS(2); this analysis afforded good linearity, precision, repeatability and accuracy. UAE-UHPLC-TQ/MS(2) was successfully applied to ginkgo seed samples, and the analysis showed that GSs are rich in terpene lactones and could be selected as a healthy food resource. The results suggest that UAE-UHPLC-TQ/MS(2) might be able to be utilized as a tool for the quality assessment of samples from GSs or other related products using flavonoids, terpene lactones, ginkgolic acids and phenylpropanols as markers.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Guisheng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China. Electronic address: yupingtang@njutcm.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yuping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Dawei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Shulan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Shenlong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yancheng 224200, China.
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Shenlong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yancheng 224200, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China. Electronic address: dja@njutcm.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jin-ao
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Duan
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D055951:Functional Food / Q000032:analysis*; D020441:Ginkgo biloba / Q000737:chemistry*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Characteristic constituents; Ginkgo; Principal component analysis; Response surface methodology; Seed; Triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry; Ultrasonic-assisted extraction