title: Self-reported snoring and carotid atherosclerosis in middle-aged and older adults: the Korean Multi-Rural Communities Cohort Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We investigated the relation of self-reported snoring with carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaque in community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 7330 community-dwelling subjects in the Korean Multi-Rural Communities Cohort Study were included in the analysis. Common carotid artery IMT (CCA-IMT) and plaque were evaluated by high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography. Snoring status was evaluated using a structured interview.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Snorers had a significantly greater average CCA-IMT than non-snorers (0.726 vs 0.713 mm; P < 0.001), after adjusting for age and gender. The odds ratios (OR) for high CCA-IMT (fifth quintile) were significantly higher for snorers than for non-snorers in multivariate-adjusted analysis (OR 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10-1.42). However, there was no significant relationship between snoring and carotid plaques.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that self-reported snoring is significantly associated with increased IMT, but not with the presence of plaques. These findings suggest that early screening and intervention for snoring in the general population are needed to prevent adverse cardiovascular events.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine & Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Young-Hoon
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sun-Seog
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kweon
authors.forename: Bo Youl
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Mi Kyung
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Byung-Yeol
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.forename: Dong Hoon
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Min-Ho
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D057187:Independent Living; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058226:Plaque, Atherosclerotic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D036301:Qualitative Research; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012423:Rural Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D057566:Self Report; D012913:Snoring / Q000453:epidemiology*
references.citation: J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2010 Nov 01;4(6):1524-31
references.pmid: 21129351
references.citation: Circulation. 2007 Jan 30;115(4):459-67
references.pmid: 17242284
references.citation: Respir Med. 1999 Feb;93(2):108-12
references.pmid: 10464861
references.citation: Sleep Breath. 2011 Jan;15(1):63-9
references.pmid: 21748863
references.citation: Chest. 2006 Dec;130(6):1779-83
references.pmid: 17166996
references.citation: Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2009;5:1063-73
references.pmid: 20057899
references.citation: J Appl Physiol (1985). 2006 May;100(5):1547-53
references.pmid: 16455812
references.citation: Int J Stroke. 2010 Aug;5(4):264-8
references.pmid: 20636708
references.citation: Stroke. 2008 Sep;39(9):2470-6
references.pmid: 18617662
references.citation: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001 Jan;163(1):19-25
references.pmid: 11208620
references.citation: Circulation. 1998 Mar 17;97(10):943-5
references.pmid: 9529260
references.citation: Circulation. 2003 Mar 4;107(8):1129-34
references.pmid: 12615790
references.citation: Acta Neurol Scand. 1995 Jul;92(1):63-8
references.pmid: 7572063
references.citation: J Epidemiol. 2012;22(4):295-301
references.pmid: 22447210
references.citation: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001 Mar;163(3 Pt 1):608-13
references.pmid: 11254512
references.citation: Sleep. 2004 Feb 1;27(1):129-33
references.pmid: 14998249
references.citation: Chest. 2006 Apr;129(4):933-41
references.pmid: 16608941
references.citation: Int J Stroke. 2006 Nov;1(4):216-21
references.pmid: 18706019
references.citation: J Sleep Res. 2012 Feb;21(1):87-93
references.pmid: 21752134
references.citation: Respir Med. 2004 Jun;98(6):557-66
references.pmid: 15191042
references.citation: J Appl Physiol (1985). 2007 Nov;103(5):1622-7
references.pmid: 17702839
references.citation: Stroke. 2007 Nov;38(11):2873-80
references.pmid: 17901390
references.citation: Arch Intern Med. 1996 Nov 25;156(21):2445-51
references.pmid: 8944737
references.citation: Chest. 2006 Sep;130(3):780-6
references.pmid: 16963675
references.citation: Chest. 1998 Oct;114(4):1048-55
references.pmid: 9792576
references.citation: Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2008;4(6):1327-35
references.pmid: 19337546
references.citation: Chest. 1988 Apr;93(4):678-83
references.pmid: 3258226
references.citation: Sleep. 1991 Dec;14(6):517-25
references.pmid: 1798885
references.citation: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000 Feb;35(2):308-13
references.pmid: 10676674
references.citation: Cardiol Res Pract. 2012;2012:630802
references.pmid: 22577590
references.citation: Sleep Breath. 2012 Dec;16(4):977-86
references.pmid: 21938435
references.citation: Cytokine. 2004 Oct 21;28(2):87-91
references.pmid: 15381186
references.citation: Chest. 1995 Sep;108(3):625-30
references.pmid: 7656607
references.citation: Atherosclerosis. 2008 Mar;197(1):125-31
references.pmid: 17433330