title: Glucagon-like peptide 1-potentiated insulin secretion and proliferation of pancreatic β-cells.
abstract: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is the primary incretin hormone secreted from the intestine upon uptake of food to stimulate insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. GLP-1 exerts its effects by binding to its G-protein coupled receptors and subsequently activating adenylate cyclase, leading to generation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). cAMP stimulates insulin secretion via activation of its effectors PKA and Epac2 in pancreatic β-cells. In addition to its insulinotropic effects, GLP-1 also preserves pancreatic β-cell mass by stimulating β-cell proliferation. Unlike the action of sulphonylureas in lowering blood glucose levels, action of GLP-1 is affected by and interplays with glucose levels. Due to such advantages, GLP-1-based therapeutics have been rapidly developed and used clinically for treatment of type 2 diabetes. However, molecular mechanisms underlying how GLP-1 potentiates diminished glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and β-cell proliferation under diabetic conditions are not well understood. Here, we review the actions of GLP-1 in regulation of insulin secretion and pancreatic β-cell proliferation.
authors.affiliation: Shenzhen University Diabetes Center, Shenzhen, China.
authors.forename: Xiaosong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Youfei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: Xianxin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hua
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D000242:Cyclic AMP
keywords: diabetes; glucagon-like peptide-1; insulin secretion; proliferation; β-cell; 关键词：β
  细胞，胰岛素分泌，增殖，GLP-1，糖尿病