title: The effectiveness of preemptive thoracic epidural analgesia in thoracic surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of preemptive thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) comparing conventional postoperative epidural analgesia on thoracotomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-four patients were randomized in to two groups (preemptive: Group P, control: Group C). Epidural catheter was inserted in all patients preoperatively. In Group P, epidural analgesic solution was administered as a bolus before the surgical incision and was continued until the end of the surgery. Postoperative patient controlled epidural analgesia infusion pumps were prepared for all patients. Respiratory rates (RR) were recorded. Patient's analgesia was evaluated with visual analog scale at rest (VASr) and coughing (VASc). Number of patient's demands from the pump, pump's delivery, and additional analgesic requirement were also recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RR in Group C was higher than in Group P at postoperative 1st and 2nd hours. Both VASr and VASc scores in Group P were lower than in Group C at postoperative 1st, 2nd, and 4th hours. Patient's demand and pump's delivery count for bolus dose in Group P were lower than in Group C in all measurement times. Total analgesic requirements on postoperative 1st and 24th hours in Group P were lower than in Group C.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We consider that preemptive TEA may offer better analgesia after thoracotomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Engin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Erturk
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ferdane
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aydogdu Kaya
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Dilek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kutanis
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Besir
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akdogan
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sükran
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Geze
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, 53100 Rize, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ersagun
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tugcugil
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015360:Analgesia, Epidural / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013903:Thoracic Surgery / Q000379:methods; D013908:Thoracotomy
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