title: Pore-scale investigation of micron-size polyacrylamide elastic microspheres (MPEMs) transport and retention in saturated porous media.
abstract: Knowledge of micrometer-size polyacrylamide elastic microsphere (MPEM) transport and retention mechanisms in porous media is essential for the application of MPEMs as a smart sweep improvement and profile modification agent in improving oil recovery. A transparent micromodel packed with translucent quartz sand was constructed and used to investigate the pore-scale transport, surface deposition-release, and plugging deposition-remigration mechanisms of MPEMs in porous media. The results indicate that the combination of colloidal and hydrodynamic forces controls the deposition and release of MPEMs on pore-surfaces; the reduction of fluid salinity and the increase of Darcy velocity are beneficial to the MPEM release from pore-surfaces; the hydrodynamic forces also influence the remigration of MPEMs in pore-throats. MPEMs can plug pore-throats through the mechanisms of capture-plugging, superposition-plugging, and bridge-plugging, which produces resistance to water flow; the interception with MPEM particulate filters occurring in the interior of porous media can enhance the plugging effect of MPEMs; while the interception with MPEM particulate filters occurring at the surface of low-permeability layer can prevent the low-permeability layer from being damaged by MPEMs. MPEMs can remigrate in pore-throats depending on their elasticity through four steps of capture-plugging, elastic deformation, steady migration, and deformation recovery.
authors.affiliation: School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China) , Qingdao, Shandong 266580, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chuanjin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Guanglun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: Lawrence M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Cathles
authors.forename: Tammo S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Steenhuis
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D003102:Colloids; D004548:Elasticity; D005374:Filtration; D057446:Hydrodynamics; D008863:Microspheres; D010539:Permeability; D010578:Petroleum; D016062:Porosity; D011791:Quartz; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D000099166:Polyacrylamides
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D003102:Colloids; D010578:Petroleum; D011791:Quartz; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D000099166:Polyacrylamides