title: Pulmonary function responses to ozone in smokers with a limited smoking history.
abstract: In non-smokers, ozone (O3) inhalation causes decreases in forced expiratory volume (FEV1) and dead space (VD) and increases the slope of the alveolar plateau (SN). We previously described a population of smokers with a limited smoking history that had enhanced responsiveness to brief O3 boluses and aimed to determine if responsiveness to continuous exposure was also enhanced. Thirty smokers (19M, 11F, 24±4 years, 6±4 total years smoking,4±2 packs/week) and 30 non-smokers (17M, 13F, 25±6 years) exercised for 1h on a cycle ergometer while breathing 0.30ppm O3. Smokers and non-smokers were equally responsive in terms of FEV1 (-9.5±1.8% vs -8.7±1.9%). Smokers alone were responsive in terms of VD (-6.1±1.2%) and SN (9.1±3.4%). There was no difference in total delivered dose. Dead space ventilation (VD/VT) was not initially different between the two groups, but increased in the non-smokers (16.4±2.8%) during the exposure, suggesting that the inhaled dose may be distributed more peripherally in smokers. We also conclude that these cigarette smokers retain their airway responsiveness to O3 and, uniquely, experience changes in VD that lead to heterogeneity in airway morphometry and an increase in SN.
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Graduate Degree Program in Physiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Critical Care Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA; John Rankin Laboratory of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA. Electronic address: mlbates@pediatrics.wisc.edu.
authors.forename: Melissa L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Bates
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
authors.forename: Timothy M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Brenza
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Graduate Degree Program in Physiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
authors.forename: Abdellaziz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ben-Jebria
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bascom
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Critical Care Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA; John Rankin Laboratory of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA; Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA.
authors.forename: Marlowe W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Eldridge
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Graduate Degree Program in Physiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
authors.forename: James S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ultman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019296:Capnography; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015444:Exercise; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D019570:Inhalation Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D010126:Ozone / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects*; D012126:Respiratory Dead Space; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013147:Spirometry; D013990:Tidal Volume; D013997:Time Factors; D014797:Vital Capacity; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010126:Ozone
keywords: Capnometry; Cigarette smoking; Environmental toxicology; Lung; Ozone; Pulmonary function; Spirometry