title: Phylogenetic analyses of HBV pre-s/s genes in mother-child pairs with long-term infection by presumed vertical transmission.
abstract: Vertical transmission from mother to child, the main route of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in the East Asia, is considered one of the most important predictors for the response to antiviral therapies as well as its complications such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, it is critical in both etiologic and prognostic aspects to confirm whether or not chronic HBV infection is acquired vertically. This study investigated whether mother-to-child infection could be proved by the phylogenetic analyses of HBV pre-S/S genes ever since several decades have elapsed in mother-child pairs with presumed vertical transmission. The pre-S and S regions of HBVs were compared and analyzed phylogenetically in a total of 36 adults (18 mother-child pairs) with chronic HBV infection. All of the isolates of HBV were genotype C and serotype adr. The divergence between mothers and offsprings was 0 to 1.5%. Phylogenetic trees revealed that 17 of 18 pairs (94%) with presumed vertical transmission were grouped into the same cluster. Vertical transmission from mother to child could be strongly suggested even in adults with a history of several decades of HBV infection using the phylogenetic analyses of pre-S and S genes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyoung Su
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2394-1095
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Bo Youn
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5661-9879
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyeok Soo
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0924-5912
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Woon Geon
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9851-5576
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Ho
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9607-6258
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Heon
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3561-3870
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hak Yang
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7459-3473
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Myoung Kuk
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7968-7543
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Joon
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5792-1500
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Myung Seok
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7237-7761
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Choong Kee
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1947-345X
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009035:Mothers; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012703:Serotyping; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
keywords: Hepatitis B Virus; Infectious Disease Transmission; Multilocus Sequence Typing; Mutation; Vertical
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