title: Universal biosensor for detection of influenza virus.
abstract: Influenza is a contagious disease caught by humans caused by viruses belonging to the family Orthomyxoviridae. Each year, the influenza virus infects millions of people and kills hundreds of thousands of them. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as virus propagation and isolation, antigen capture immunoassays and molecular methods are not sufficient for the detection of the influenza virus. Development of a valid diagnostic assay for quick detection (in less than an hour) of the virus, with high sensitivity, is a challenge for researchers all over the world. Here we present a new, universal immunosensor for detection of the influenza A virus. By using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and direct attachment of antibodies to the gold electrode the assay allows detection of the pathogen with sensitivity similar to molecular methods in relatively short time. Application of universal anti-M1 antibodies allows detection of all serotypes of influenza A virus. The simple design of the sensor facilitates miniaturization of the device and its implementation for routine diagnostics during first contact with the patient, before applying a proper treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Recombinant Vaccine, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Kladki 24, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland. Electronic address: dawid.nidzworski@biotech.ug.gda.pl.
authors.forename: Dawid
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nidzworski
authors.affiliation: Department of Recombinant Vaccine, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Kladki 24, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland.
authors.forename: Paulina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pranszke
authors.affiliation: Department of Recombinant Vaccine, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Kladki 24, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland.
authors.forename: Magda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grudniewska
authors.affiliation: Department of Recombinant Vaccine, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Kladki 24, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewelina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Król
authors.affiliation: Department of Recombinant Vaccine, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Kladki 24, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland.
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gromadzka
mesh_terms: D055910:Antibodies, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D058266:Dielectric Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D055910:Antibodies, Immobilized; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; C488936:M1 protein, Influenza A virus; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins
keywords: Biosensor; Detection; Influenza