title: Gross congenital malformation at birth in a government hospital.
abstract: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was undertaken to determine proportion of gross congenital malformation (GCMF) occurring at intramural births. Rate of GCMF was found to be 16.4/1000 consecutive singleton births (>28 weeks) with three leading malformation as anencephaly (44.68%), talipes equinovarus (17.02%) and meningomyelocele (10.63%). Higher risk of malformed births were noticed amongst un-booked (2.07%) in-comparison to booked (1.01%) mothers; women with low level of education (up to 8 years [2.14%] vs. at least 9 years of schooling [0.82%]); gravida status of at least 3 (2.69%) followed by 1 (1.43%) and 2 (1.0%) respectively; pre-term (5.13%) vs. term (0.66%); cesarean section (4.36%) versus vaginal delivery (0.62%). Mortality was significantly higher among congenitally malformed (17.35%) than normal (0.34%) newborns. With-in study limitation, emergence of neural tube defect as the single largest category of congenital malformation indicates maternal malnutrition (especially folic acid) that needs appropriate attention and management.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Pt. B.D. Sharma, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Sandeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sachdeva
authors.forename: Smiti
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nanda
authors.forename: Kapil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bhalla
authors.forename: Ruchi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sachdeva
mesh_terms: D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006779:Hospitals, Public / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011295:Prenatal Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017584:Reproductive History; D012111:Residence Characteristics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
chemical_list: D005492:Folic Acid