title: GSH protects against oxidative stress and toxicity in VL-17A cells exposed to high glucose.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The deficiency of glutathione (GSH) has been linked to several diseases. The study investigated the role of GSH as a protective factor against hyperglycemia-mediated injury in VL-17A cells treated with 50 mM glucose.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cell viability and different oxidative stress parameters including glyoxalase I activity were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GSH supplementation with 2 mM N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) or 0.1 mM ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) increased the viability, GSH level and the GSH-dependent glyoxalase I activity in 50 mM glucose-treated VL-17A cells. Further, pretreatment of 50 mM glucose-treated VL-17A cells with NAC or UDCA decreased oxidative stress (levels of reactive oxygen species and protein carbonylation), apoptosis (caspase 3 activity and annexin V-propidium iodide positive cells) and glutathionylated protein formation, a measure of oxidative stress. GSH depletion with 0.4 mM buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) or 1 mM diethyl maleate (DEM) potentiated the decrease in viability, glyoxalase I activity and increase in oxidative stress and apoptosis, with decreased GSH levels in 50 mM glucose-treated VL-17A cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thus, changes in GSH levels with exogenous agents such as NAC, UDCA, BSO or DEM modulate hyperglycemia-mediated injury in a cell model of VL-17A liver cells.
authors.affiliation: Life Science Division, AU-KBC Research Centre, MIT Campus of Anna University, Chromepet, Chennai, 600044, India.
authors.forename: S Mathan
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Kavitha
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Swaminathan
authors.forename: Dahn L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Clemens
authors.forename: Aparajita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dey
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000378:metabolism; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000963:Antimetabolites / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D019328:Buthionine Sulfoximine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002999:Clone Cells; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000009:adverse effects; D005978:Glutathione / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000378:metabolism*; D007791:Lactoylglutathione Lyase / Q000378:metabolism; D008298:Maleates / Q000494:pharmacology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014580:Ursodeoxycholic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000963:Antimetabolites; D000975:Antioxidants; D008298:Maleates; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D019328:Buthionine Sulfoximine; D014580:Ursodeoxycholic Acid; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1; C000597196:GLO1 protein, human; D007791:Lactoylglutathione Lyase; C014476:diethyl maleate; D005978:Glutathione; D005947:Glucose; D000111:Acetylcysteine
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