title: Mechanism of cellular uptake, localization and cytotoxicity of organic nanoparticles.
abstract: Water-dispersed organic nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared from a conjugated molecule 2,5,2',5'-tetra(4'-N,N-diphenylaminostyryl)biphenyl (DPA-TSB). As a potential material for photodynamic therapy, we investigated cellular toxicity by using fluorescence confocal microscopy and Western blotting. Our results demonstrated that the cells treated with DPA-TSB NPs showed an increase in apoptosis accompanied by the increased expression of Bax protein, decreased expression of Bcl-2 protein and caspase-3 protein, the decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and the release of ROS. Using inhibitors of endocytosis can block nanoparticles uptake, indicating that DPA-TSB NPs entered the cells via an energy-dependent manner, mostly through clathrin-mediated and caveolae-mediated processes.
authors.forename: Shouying
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shumin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Geng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yuguang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Yuguang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000633:toxicity*; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000633:toxicity*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009930:Organic Chemicals; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species