title: Multiple exposure and effects assessment of heavy metals in the population near mining area in South China.
abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the levels of Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn in the environment and several important food sources grown and consumed in the vicinity of Dabaoshan mine in Southern China, and evaluate potential health risks among local residents. The Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn concentrations of arable soils and well water near the mines exceeded the quality standard values. The concentrations of Cd and Pb in some food crops (rice grain, vegetable and soybean) samples were significantly higher than the maximum permissible level. The Cd and Pb concentrations in half of the chicken and fish meat samples were higher than the national standard. The residents living near Dabaoshan mine had higher Cd and Pb levels in hair than those of a non-exposed population. The intake of rice was identified as a major contributor to the estimated daily intake of these metals by the residents. The hazard index values for adults and children were 10.25 and 11.11, respectively, with most of the estimated risks coming from the intake of home-grown rice and vegetables. This study highlights the importance of multiple pathways in studying health risk assessment of heavy metal exposure in China.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Huanping
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Zhian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Bi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Murray B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: McBride
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D004032:Diet; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D020387:Food Chain; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D005843:Geography; D014943:Global Health; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis*; D008906:Mining; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis; D060986:Water Wells
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
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