title: Effects of short- and long-term variations in RLS severity on perceived health status - the COR-study.
abstract: In a cohort study among 2751 members (71.5% females) of the German and Swiss RLS patient organizations changes in restless legs syndrome (RLS) severity over time was assessed and the impact on quality of life, sleep quality and depressive symptoms was analysed. A standard set of scales (RLS severity scale IRLS, SF-36, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale) in mailed questionnaires was repeatedly used to assess RLS severity and health status over time and a 7-day diary once to assess short-term variations. A clinically relevant change of the RLS severity was defined by a change of at least 5 points on the IRLS scale. During 36 months follow-up minimal improvement of RLS severity between assessments was observed. Men consistently reported higher severity scores. RLS severity increased with age reaching a plateau in the age group 45-54 years. During 3 years 60.2% of the participants had no relevant (±5 points) change in RLS severity. RLS worsening was significantly related to an increase in depressive symptoms and a decrease in sleep quality and quality of life. The short-term variation showed distinctive circadian patterns with rhythm magnitudes strongly related to RLS severity. The majority of participants had a stable course of severe RLS over three years. An increase in RLS severity was accompanied by a small to moderate negative, a decrease by a small positive influence on quality of life, depressive symptoms and sleep quality.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fuhs
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
authors.forename: Dunya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bentama
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Antkowiak
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mathis
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik Kassel, Kassel, Germany.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Trenkwalder
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Berger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D012148:Restless Legs Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D012890:Sleep; D013557:Switzerland / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors
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