title: Physical and antibacterial properties of açaí edible films formulated with thyme essential oil and apple skin polyphenols.
abstract: Thyme essential oil (TEO) and apple skin polyphenols (ASP) are natural compounds considered as generally recognized as safe by FDA, with biological effects against bacteria and fungi. This work aimed to evaluate physical and antimicrobial properties of açaí edible films formulated with TEO and ASP at 3% and 6% (w/w) individually or combined at 3% (w/w) each. Physical properties studied include mechanical resistance, water vapor permeability (WVP), color, and thermal resistance. Antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes was determined using the overlay diffusion test. Addition of ASP resulted in improved mechanical properties. TEO at 6% (w/w) resulted in increased elongation. ASP films had significant higher WVP than control film. ASP films were lighter and had more red color than other films. Incorporation of ASP resulted in improved film thermal stability, whereas TEO caused rapid thermal decomposition. Presence of clusters was observed on the surface of films. Addition of ASP resulted in a smoother surface, whereas addition of TEO led to the formation of crater-like pits on the film surface. Açaí edible film incorporated with 6% (w/w) TEO presented the highest antimicrobial activity. However, both antimicrobials are necessary in the açaí films in order to obtain edible films with suitable physical-mechanical properties. The results of the present study showed that TEO and ASP can be used to prepare açaí edible films with adequate physical-mechanical properties and antimicrobial activity for food applications by direct contact.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Developed açaí edible films presented antimicrobial activity against L. monocytogenes and good physical-mechanical properties, showing the potential use of açaí edible films in food preservation.
authors.affiliation: Food Packaging Laboratory, Food Technology Dept, Federal Univ. of Viçosa, Av. P. H. Rolfs s/n, Campus Universitário, 36570-000. Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paula J P
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Espitia
authors.forename: Roberto J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Avena-Bustillos
authors.forename: Wen-Xian
authors.initials: WX
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Bor-Sen
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Chiou
authors.forename: Tina G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Delilah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: Tara H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: McHugh
authors.forename: Nilda F F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Soares
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D065748:Euterpe; D018857:Food Packaging / Q000379:methods; D005519:Food Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000187:drug effects*; D027845:Malus / Q000737:chemistry; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010539:Permeability; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D046930:Thymus Plant / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols
keywords: antimicrobial activity; açaí; edible film; mechanical properties; pectin; polyphenols; thermal stability; thyme essential oil