title: Is en-bloc transurethral resection of bladder tumor for non-muscle invasive bladder carcinoma better than conventional technique in terms of recurrence and progression?: A prospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Conventional, transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) involves piecemeal resection of the tumor and has a very high recurrence rate. We evaluated the outcome of en-bloc TURBT (ET) in comparison with conventional TURBT (CT) in non-muscle invasive bladder carcinoma in terms of recurrencew and progression.
  
  
  METHODS
  From September 2007 to June 2011, in a prospective non-randomized interventional setting, ET was compared with CT in patients with solitary tumor of 2-4 cm size in terms of recurrence and progression. Pedunculated tumors, size >4 cm, tumors with associated hydroureteronephrosis and biopsy specimen with absent detrusor muscles were excluded. Fisher's exact test and survival analyses were used to compare the demography and the outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 21 patients of ET were compared with 24 patients of CT. Mean tumor size was 2.8 cm in ET and 3.3 cm in CT group. Location of tumor, stage and grade were comparable in both groups. Recurrence rate was 28.6% versus 62.5% (P = 0.03) and progression rate was 19% versus 33.3% (P = 0.32) in ET versus CT group respectively. Recurrence free survival was 45.1 (95% CI: 19.0-38 months) and 28.5 (95% CI: 35.4-54.7 months) in ET and CT group (P = 0.018). Progression free survival in ET and CT was 48.32 (95% CI: 35.5-53.0 months) and 44.26 (95% CI: 39.0-57.5 months), P = 0.46.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was a significant reduction in the recurrence rate and time to recurrence with ET. Rate of progression was also relatively less with ET, though not statistically significant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Renal Transplant, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Sanjoy Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sureka
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Vinita
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Renal Transplant, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Shalini
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Agnihotri
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Renal Transplant, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Rakesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kapoor
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Renal Transplant, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Aneesh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Renal Transplant, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mandhani
keywords: Bladder cancer; detrusor muscles; non-muscle invasive bladder cancer; progression free survival; recurrence free survival
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