title: Antibacterial, DNA interaction and cytotoxic activities of pendant-armed polyamine macrocyclic dinuclear nickel(II) and copper(II) complexes.
abstract: A series of dinuclear nickel(II) and copper(II) complexes (1-6) of hexaaza macrocycles of 2,6-diformyl-4-methylphenol with three different benzoyl pendant-arms, 2,2'-benzoyliminodi(ethylamine) trihydrochloride (L), 2,2'-4-nitrobenzoyliminodi(ethylamine) trihydrochloride (L') and 2,2'-3,5-dinitrobenzoyliminodi(ethylamine) trihydrochloride (L″) have been synthesized and characterized by spectral methods. The electrochemical studies of these complexes depict two irreversible one electron reduction processes around E(1)pc=-0.62 to -0.76 V and E(2)pc=-1.21 to -1.31, and nickel(II) complexes (1-3) exhibit two irreversible one electron oxidation processes around E(1)pa=1.08 to 1.14 V and E(2)pa=1.71 to 1.74 V. The room temperature magnetic moment values (μeff, 1.52-1.54 BM) indicate the presence of an antiferromagnetic interaction in the binuclear copper(II) complexes (4-6) which is also observed from the broad ESR spectra with a g value of 2.14-2.15. The synthesized complexes (1-6) were screened for their antibacterial activity. The results of DNA interaction studies indicate that the dinuclear complexes can bind to calf thymus DNA by intercalative mode and display efficient cleavage of plasmid DNA. Further, the cytotoxic activity of complexes 2, 5 and 6 on human liver adenocarcinoma (HepG2) cell line has been examined. Nuclear-chromatin cleavage has also been observed with PI staining and comet assays.
authors.affiliation: Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, The New College (Autonomous), Chennai 600 014, India.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Arthi
authors.affiliation: Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, The New College (Autonomous), Chennai 600 014, India.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haleel
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, India.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Srinivasan
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Maraimalai Campus, Chennai 600 025, India.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Prabhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Maraimalai Campus, Chennai 600 025, India.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arulvasu
authors.affiliation: Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, The New College (Autonomous), Chennai 600 014, India. Electronic address: akrahmanjkr@gmail.com.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kalilur Rahiman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D002417:Cattle; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D056831:Coordination Complexes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry; D053837:DNA Cleavage / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007364:Intercalating Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D047028:Macrocyclic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011073:Polyamines / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D056831:Coordination Complexes; D007364:Intercalating Agents; D047028:Macrocyclic Compounds; D011073:Polyamines; D003300:Copper; D009532:Nickel; D004247:DNA; C427203:calf thymus DNA
keywords: Antibacterial activity; Apoptosis; Cytotoxicity; DNA interaction; Dinuclear complexes; Pendant-armed macrocycles