title: Fibromyalgia: a clinical review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fibromyalgia is present in as much as 2% to 8% of the population, is characterized by widespread pain, and is often accompanied by fatigue, memory problems, and sleep disturbances.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of fibromyalgia.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical literature on fibromyalgia was reviewed from 1955 to March 2014 via MEDLINE and the Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials, with an emphasis on meta-analyses and contemporary evidence-based treatment guidelines. Treatment recommendations are based on the most recent evidence-based guidelines from the Canadian Pain Society and graded from 1 to 5 based on the level of available evidence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Numerous treatments are available for managing fibromyalgia that are supported by high-quality evidence. These include nonpharmacological therapies (education, exercise, cognitive behavioral therapy) and pharmacological therapies (tricyclics, serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, and gabapentinoids).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fibromyalgia and other "centralized" pain states are much better understood now than ever before. Fibromyalgia may be considered as a discrete diagnosis or as a constellation of symptoms characterized by central nervous system pain amplification with concomitant fatigue, memory problems, and sleep and mood disturbances. Effective treatment for fibromyalgia is now possible.
authors.affiliation: Professor of Anesthesiology, Medicine (Rheumatology), and Psychiatry and Director, Chronic Pain and Fatigue Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Clauw
mesh_terms: D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005356:Fibromyalgia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic