title: The efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of biapenem administered thrice daily for the treatment of pneumonia in the elderly.
abstract: Biapenem has been widely used to treat bacterial pneumonia; however, there is little information concerning its efficacy and safety in elderly patients. Based on pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic theory, administration of biapenem thrice rather than twice daily would be expected to be more effective because of longer time above the minimum inhibitory concentration. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of biapenem (300 mg) administered thrice daily in pneumonic patients aged 65 years or older. Biapenem was effective in 22 of 25 patients, as assessed by the improvement in clinical symptoms and/or the eradication of the causative organisms, and caused no serious adverse events. The pharmacokinetic profile was established based on simulations using a modeling program. Among 17 patients whose causative organisms were detected, time above the minimum inhibitory concentration was estimated to be 100% in 16 patients, all of whom showed clinical improvement. The results of this study confirmed the efficacy and safety of 300 mg of biapenem administered thrice daily for the treatment of pneumonia in elderly patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan.
authors.forename: Ho
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Namkoong
authors.affiliation: Ashikaga Red Cross Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Youjyu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kameyama
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan; Ashikaga Red Cross Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Sohei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.affiliation: Ashikaga Red Cross Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.affiliation: Ashikaga Red Cross Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Chieko
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kawashima
authors.affiliation: Department of Practical Pharmacy, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Terajima
authors.affiliation: Department of Practical Pharmacy, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Japan.
authors.forename: Kayoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maezawa
authors.affiliation: Fuji Heavy Industries Health Insurance Society Ota Memorial Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.affiliation: Fuji Heavy Industries Health Insurance Society Ota Memorial Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sandoh
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Sadatomo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tasaka
authors.affiliation: Center for Infection Control, Toho University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kanayama
authors.affiliation: Center for Infection Control, Toho University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Intetsu
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Betsuyaku
authors.affiliation: Department of Practical Pharmacy, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Japan.
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kizu
authors.affiliation: Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.affiliation: Fuji Heavy Industries Health Insurance Society Ota Memorial Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshitake
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan. Electronic address: n-hasegawa@z8.keio.jp.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
mesh_terms: D061605:Administration, Intravenous; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D018410:Pneumonia, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D013845:Thienamycins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D013845:Thienamycins; D003404:Creatinine; C065257:biapenem
keywords: Biapenem; Elderly patients; Pharmacokinetics–pharmacodynamics (PK–PD); Pneumonia