title: The influence of increased body fat or lean body mass on aerobic performance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine aerobic performance in men with an increased body mass due to (a) high body fat (>21.5%) but with a average (59.0-64.3 kg) lean body mass (HBF group) and (b) high lean body mass (>66.3 kg), but with average body fat (14.0-18.5%) (HLBM group).
  
  
  METHODS
  The men in the HBF and HLBM had similar absolute body mass and body mass index (BMI). The aerobic performance was also determined in control group. Methods: Study participants comprised 39 men aged 21.3 ± 1.9 years who did not participate in competitive sports but were recreationally physically active. Participants were divided into three groups. Each group comprised 13 persons. The study involved anthropometric measurements, assessing aerobic performance (VO2max) using an incremental test on a mechanical treadmill. VO2max was expressed in absolute values, relative to body mass (VO2max ⋅ BM(-1)), relative to lean body mass (VO2max ⋅ LBM(-1)), and relative to BM raised by the exponents of 0.75 and 0.67. Body composition was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No statistically significant differences in relative values of VO2max were found between the HBF and HLBM groups, in VO2max ⋅ BM(-1) (50.24 ± 4.56 vs. 53.11 ± 5.45 mL ⋅ kg(-1)), VO2max ⋅ LBM(-1) (65.33 ± 5.63 vs. 63.86 ± 7.13 mL ⋅ kgLBM(-1)), and VO2max ⋅ BM(-0.75) (150.29 ± 13.5 vs. 160.39 ± 16.15 mL ⋅ kg(-0.75)). Values of VO2max ⋅ BM(-1) were significantly lower in the HBF and HLBM groups than in the control group (58.23 ± 5.84 mL ⋅ kg(-1)).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High body mass, regardless of the cause decreases VO2max ⋅ BM(-1).
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University School of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maciejczyk
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University School of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Więcek
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Rehabilitation, University School of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Jadwiga
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szymura
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Sport Medicine and Human Nutrition, University School of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Zbigniew
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Szyguła
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University School of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Szczepan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wiecha
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University School of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cempla
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000502:physiology; D000328:Adult; D000332:Aerobiosis; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055815:Young Adult
references.citation: Science. 1997 Apr 4;276(5309):122-6
references.pmid: 9082983
references.citation: Nutr J. 2008 Sep 09;7:26
references.pmid: 18778488
references.citation: Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1997 Dec;29(12):1602-8
references.pmid: 9432093
references.citation: Eur J Appl Physiol. 2001 Mar;84(3):201-5
references.pmid: 11320636
references.citation: Med Sci Sports. 1973 Winter;5(4):253-7
references.pmid: 4774204
references.citation: J Appl Physiol (1985). 1993 Nov;75(5):2288-92
references.pmid: 7695668
references.citation: Nature. 2002 May 9;417(6885):166-70
references.pmid: 12000958
references.citation: Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2001 Oct;11(5):305-9
references.pmid: 11696216
references.citation: J Appl Physiol (1985). 1994 Dec;77(6):2870-3
references.pmid: 7896634
references.citation: Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2000 Jul;24(7):841-8
references.pmid: 10918530
references.citation: Scand J Med Sci Sports. 1995 Aug;5(4):175-80
references.pmid: 7552762
references.citation: Res Q Exerc Sport. 2012 Sep;83(3):367-75
references.pmid: 22978185
references.citation: Obes Res. 2004 Mar;12(3):513-20
references.pmid: 15044669
references.citation: Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Jan;81(1):74-8
references.pmid: 15640463
references.citation: Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1996 Feb;28(2):259-65
references.pmid: 8775163
references.citation: Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1996 Sep;28(9):1204-8
references.pmid: 8883011
references.citation: Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000 Jan;32(1):70-84
references.pmid: 10647532
references.citation: Chest. 1992 Mar;101(3):674-9
references.pmid: 1541131
references.citation: Obes Res. 2001 May;9(5):290-6
references.pmid: 11346670
references.citation: Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003 Mar;35(3):488-94
references.pmid: 12618580
references.citation: Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1992;65(2):110-7
references.pmid: 1396632
references.citation: Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1998 Sep;30(9):1436-44
references.pmid: 9741614
references.citation: J Appl Physiol (1985). 2001 Jun;90(6):2172-80
references.pmid: 11356780
references.citation: Res Q Exerc Sport. 1999 Jun;70(2):150-6
references.pmid: 10380246
references.citation: Res Q Exerc Sport. 1990 Dec;61(4):321-5
references.pmid: 2132889