title: Effect of propofol on prostaglandin E2 production and prostaglandin synthase-2 and cyclooxygenase-2 expressions in amniotic membrane cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Surgery during pregnancy can be a cause of preterm labor or birth, possibly resulting from anesthetic agents or direct effects of surgery. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of propofol on uterine contractility by examining prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production and the expression of PGE synthase 2 (PGES2) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in amniotic membrane cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Amniotic membranes were collected from healthy full-term women who underwent cesarean section at 37-40 weeks of gestation. The amniotic cells were cultured in α-modified-Eagle's medium with 10% fetal bovine serum for 24 h at 5% CO2 in a 37 °C incubator. Then, various doses of propofol (0.01-10 μg/ml) were used for treatment for 3 h. PGE2 concentrations in conditioned media were evaluated using ELISA. PGES2 and COX-2 expression were examined using RT-PCR and Western blot. Cell viability and apoptosis were examined by MTT, ATP assays, and the TUNEL method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PGE2 production significantly decreased at 0.1 and 1.0 μg/ml propofol concentrations compared to controls. COX-2 and PGES2 mRNA expression was decreased in a dose-dependent manner with a significant difference at 0.1 μg/ml propofol compared to controls. The protein expression of COX-2 showed a similar result to mRNA expression, but protein expression of PGES2 was not significantly decreased. No effect of propofol was found in cell viability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study showed that propofol reduced the production of PGE2 and the expression of COX-2 and PGES2 without affecting cell viability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, 34 Amnam-dong, Seogu, Busan, 602-702, Korea.
authors.forename: Ju Deok
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Byung Min
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Bo Sun
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Joo
authors.forename: Jae Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Hyung Joo
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Soo Bong
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000650:Amnion / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D015742:Propofol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D015232:Dinoprostone; D015742:Propofol
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