title: Heterogeneities in the ecoepidemiology of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in rural communities of the Argentinean Chaco.
abstract: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of Trypanosoma cruzi infection of Triatoma infestans as well as dogs and cats in 327 households from a well-defined rural area in northeastern Argentina to test whether the household distribution of infection differed between local ethnic groups (Tobas and Creoles) and identify risk factors for host infection. Overall prevalence of infection of bugs (27.2%; 95% confidence interval = 25.3-29.3%), dogs (26.0%; 95% confidence interval = 23.3-30.1%), and cats examined (28.7%; 95% confidence interval = 20.2-39.0%) was similar. A multimodel inference approach showed that infection in dogs was associated strongly with the intensity and duration of local exposure to infected bugs and moderately with household ethnic background. Overall, Toba households were at a substantially greater risk of infection than Creole households. The strong heterogeneities in the distribution of bug, dog, and cat infections at household, village, and ethnic group levels may be used for targeted vector and disease control.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Eco-Epidemiology, Department of Ecology, Genetics and Evolution, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Environmental Studies, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: M Victoria
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Cardinal
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Eco-Epidemiology, Department of Ecology, Genetics and Evolution, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Environmental Studies, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: M Marcela
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Orozco
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Eco-Epidemiology, Department of Ecology, Genetics and Evolution, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Environmental Studies, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Gustavo F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Enriquez
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Eco-Epidemiology, Department of Ecology, Genetics and Evolution, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Environmental Studies, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Leonardo A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Ceballos
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Eco-Epidemiology, Department of Ecology, Genetics and Evolution, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Environmental Studies, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: María Sol
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Gaspe
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Eco-Epidemiology, Department of Ecology, Genetics and Evolution, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Environmental Studies, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Julián A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Alvarado-Otegui
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Eco-Epidemiology, Department of Ecology, Genetics and Evolution, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Environmental Studies, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Juan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gurevitz
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Eco-Epidemiology, Department of Ecology, Genetics and Evolution, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Environmental Studies, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Uriel
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kitron
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Eco-Epidemiology, Department of Ecology, Genetics and Evolution, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Environmental Studies, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia gurtler@ege.fcen.uba.ar.
authors.forename: Ricardo E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Gürtler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001118:Argentina / Q000453:epidemiology; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D002415:Cats; D014355:Chagas Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D004285:Dogs; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000469:parasitology*; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012424:Rural Population; D014224:Triatoma / Q000469:parasitology*; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi / Q000302:isolation & purification*
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