title: Development of a new wheat germplasm with high anther culture ability by using a combination of gamma-ray irradiation and anther culture.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Wheat with high anther culture ability would be beneficial for breeding. We aimed to screen a wheat germplasm to with high anther culture ability as well as good agronomic characteristics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The F1 young spikes of winter wheat cross combination Yanfu188/Jimai37 were irradiated with gamma rays at a dose of 1.5 Gy to develop a new germplasm H307 with high anther culture ability. The proportion of green plantlets per 100 anthers (GP/100A) of H307 was 14.50% which was higher than other H2 lines (P < 0.05). Analysis over three successive years (2006-2008) revealed that the green plantlet regeneration ability of H307 remained high in all 3 years. Reciprocal crosses between H307 and Nongda3308 showed no significant differences in their values for calli per 100 anthers (CA/100A), green plantlets per 100 calli (GP/100C) and GP/100A (P > 0.05). Five main wheat varieties used in production, namely Yumai68, Yanzhan4110, Bainongaikang58, Zhoumai18 and Xinmai18, were selected to cross with the new H307. CA/100A, GP/100C and GP/100A were used to assess the anther culture ability of F1 hybrids, demonstrating that the anther culture ability of H307 was heritable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  H307 possessed high anther culture ability that was heritable, which would be potential germplasm for improving wheat anther breeding ability.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
authors.forename: Linshu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Luxiang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Huijun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Jiayu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Shirong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Junhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yongdun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D001947:Breeding / Q000379:methods*; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D035264:Flowers / Q000254:growth & development; D005720:Gamma Rays; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic; D012639:Seeds / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D013045:Species Specificity; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques; D014908:Triticum / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development
keywords: anther culture ability; mutation induction; new germplasm; wheat