title: [New therapeutic strategies for retinoblastoma: non-systemic chemotherapy].
abstract: Retinoblastoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy worldwide. The known established standard therapies for bilateral disease, such as external beam radiation therapy or systemic chemotherapy often lead to a higher morbidity and increased risk of secondary malignancies, especially with radiation therapy. Therefore, new non-systemic chemotherapy strategies, such as the intra-arterial or intravitreal administration of melphalan are being revised with the aim of reducing systemic side effects.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Erkrankungen des hinteren Augenabschnittes, Zentrum für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Essen (AöR), Universität Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147, Essen, Deutschland, eva.biewald@uk-essen.de.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Biewald
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Holdt
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bornfeld
mesh_terms: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004358:Drug Therapy / Q000639:trends*; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D007269:Injections, Intra-Arterial; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D008558:Melphalan / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019572:Retinal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012175:Retinoblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D008558:Melphalan
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