title: The effect of sildenafil and udenafil on testicular damage following ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ischemia-reperfusion injury can cause testicular damage and phosphodiesterase inhibitors are reported to regulate antioxidant activity. We investigated the prevention of ipsilateral and contralateral testicular damage using 2 phosphodiesterase inhibitors after testicular detorsion in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 28 adult male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of 7 each, including group 1-sham operation, group 2-testicular torsion and detorsion, group 3- testicular torsion and detorsion with sildenafil administration before detorsion and group 4- testicular torsion and detorsion with udenafil administration before detorsion. Tissue levels of malondialdehyde, total sulfhydryl and nitrite were evaluated, and histopathological changes in the groups were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to group 1 significantly increased tissue malondialdehyde (p = 0.001), significantly decreased total sulfhydryl (p = 0.038) and insignificantly increased nitrite were found in group 2. Compared to group 2 malondialdehyde decreased significantly and total sulfhydryl increased significantly in groups 3 and 4. The decrease in nitrite was insignificant in the latter 2 groups. Histopathology revealed increased hemorrhage, congestion and edema in group 2 rats. The testicular injury score was lower in groups 3 and 4. In group 2 grades II to IV injury was detected while most specimens in treated groups showed grade II injury.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicates that intraperitoneal administration of sildenafil and udenafil efficiently suppresses radical production while decreasing histological changes after testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury.
authors.affiliation: Urology Clinic, Ankara Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: bcemozgur@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Berat Cem
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Özgür
authors.affiliation: Urology Clinic, Ankara Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Onur
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Telli
authors.affiliation: Urology Clinic, Ankara Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cem Nedim
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Yuceturk
authors.affiliation: Urology Clinic, Ankara Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Haşmet
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sarici
authors.affiliation: Pathology Department, Ankara Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Elif
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ozer
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Department, Ankara Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hatice
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Surer
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Department, Ankara Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aytun Sadan
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Kılınc
authors.affiliation: Pathology Department, Ankara Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hucumenoglu
authors.affiliation: Urology Clinic, Ankara Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Muzaffer
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eroglu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008297:Male; D058986:Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010879:Piperazines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011687:Purines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013450:Sulfones / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013733:Testicular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013737:Testis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D000096926:Benzenesulfonamides
chemical_list: D058986:Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors; D010879:Piperazines; D011687:Purines; D011743:Pyrimidines; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D013449:Sulfonamides; D013450:Sulfones; C419664:udenafil; D000096926:Benzenesulfonamides
keywords: reperfusion injury; sildenafil; spermatic cord torsion; testis; udenafil