title: Differential neural control in early bilinguals and monolinguals during response inhibition.
abstract: We tested the hypothesis that early bilinguals and monolinguals use different brain areas when performing nonlinguistic executive control tasks. For this, we explored brain activity of early bilinguals and monolinguals during a manual stop-signal paradigm. Behaviorally, bilinguals and monolinguals did not show significant differences in the task, which led us to compare brain activation that cannot be attributed to differences in performance. Analyses demonstrated that monolinguals activated the anterior cingulate cortex more than bilinguals when performing the stop-signal task. These results offer direct support for the notion that early bilingualism exerts an effect on neural circuitry responsible for executive control. Consistent with recent reports, we found that bilinguals used the anterior cingulate more efficiently than monolinguals to monitor nonlinguistic cognitive conflicts.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Psychology, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
authors.forename: Aina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Pujadas
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Psychology, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sanjuán
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Psychology, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fuentes
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Psychology, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
authors.forename: Noelia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ventura-Campos
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Psychology, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barrós-Loscertales
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Psychology, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain. Electronic address: avila@psb.uji.es.
authors.forename: César
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ávila
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D056344:Executive Function / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019303:Multilingualism; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Anterior cingulate cortex; Early bilingualism; Executive control; Stop task; fMRI