title: Strabismus in childhood eyelid ptosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the prevalence and causes of strabismus in children with eyelid ptosis diagnosed in a well-defined population over a 40-year period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, population-based cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 107 patients (<19 years) for the prevalence and causes of strabismus in children who were diagnosed with childhood eyelid ptosis as residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, from January 1, 1965, through December 31, 2004.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Strabismus was diagnosed in 20 (18.7%) of the 107 patients with childhood ptosis. Of the 81 patients, 8 (9.9%) were diagnosed with simple congenital ptosis and had strabismus, of which there were 4 (4.9%) cases of exotropia and 4 (4.9%) cases of esotropia. There were no cases of isolated vertical deviation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Strabismus occurred in 1 of 5 children diagnosed with any form of childhood ptosis in this population-based cohort. Strabismus affected approximately 1 of 10 patients diagnosed with simple congenital ptosis, and a predominance of isolated horizontal deviations was equally divided between esotropia and exotropia.
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Gregory J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Griepentrog
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota. Electronic address: mohney@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Brian G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Mohney
mesh_terms: D001763:Blepharoptosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008910:Minnesota / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013285:Strabismus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology
references.citation: Arch Ophthalmol. 1980 Jun;98(6):1062-7
references.pmid: 7387509
references.citation: J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2002 Jul-Aug;39(4):222-5
references.pmid: 12148555
references.citation: Am J Ophthalmol. 2013 Jun;155(6):1125-1128.e1
references.pmid: 23428108
references.citation: JAMA Ophthalmol. 2013 Apr;131(4):439-47
references.pmid: 23710497
references.citation: J AAPOS. 2011 Dec;15(6):541-4
references.pmid: 22153397
references.citation: Ophthalmology. 2011 Jun;118(6):1180-3
references.pmid: 21496927