title: Cr(VI) transport via a supported ionic liquid membrane containing CYPHOS IL101 as carrier: system analysis and optimization through experimental design strategies.
abstract: Chromium(VI) transport through a supported liquid membrane (SLM) system containing the commercial ionic liquid CYPHOS IL101 as carrier was studied. A reducing stripping phase was used as a mean to increase recovery and to simultaneously transform Cr(VI) into a less toxic residue for disposal or reuse. General functions which describe the time-depending evolution of the metal fractions in the cell compartments were defined and used in data evaluation. An experimental design strategy, using factorial and central-composite design matrices, was applied to assess the influence of the extractant, NaOH and citrate concentrations in the different phases, while a desirability function scheme allowed the synchronized optimization of depletion and recovery of the analyte. The mechanism for chromium permeation was analyzed and discussed to contribute to the understanding of the transfer process. The influence of metal concentration was evaluated as well. The presence of different interfering ions (Ca(2+), Al(3+), NO3(-), SO4(2-), and Cl(-)) at several Cr(VI): interfering ion ratios was studied through the use of a Plackett and Burman experimental design matrix. Under optimized conditions 90% of recovery was obtained from a feed solution containing 7mgL(-1) of Cr(VI) in 0.01moldm(-3) HCl medium after 5h of pertraction.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, UNAM. Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México, D.F., Mexico. Electronic address: erdsmg@unam.mx.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rodríguez de San Miguel
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, UNAM. Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México, D.F., Mexico.
authors.forename: Xóchitl
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Vital
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, UNAM. Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México, D.F., Mexico.
authors.forename: Josefina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Gyves
mesh_terms: D002857:Chromium / Q000737:chemistry*; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000737:chemistry*; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D012107:Research Design; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D052578:Ionic Liquids; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C559940:trihexyltetradecylphosphonium chloride; D002857:Chromium; C074702:chromium hexavalent ion
keywords: Chromium; Experimental design; Ionic liquids; Supported liquid membranes