title: Myocardial recovery and the failing heart: medical, device and mechanical methods.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cardiac remodeling describes the molecular, cellular, and interstitial changes that cause the ventricle to develop pathologic geometry as heart failure progresses. Reverse remodeling, or the healing of a failing heart, leads to improved mortality and quality of life.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Therapies that lead to reverse remodeling include medications such as β-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; cardiac resynchronization therapy with biventricular pacing; and mechanical support with left ventricular assist devices.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Further study is needed to better predict which patients will benefit most from these therapies and will then go on to experience reverse remodeling and myocardial recovery.
authors.affiliation: Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY. Electronic address: Judith.Goldfinger@mountsinai.org.
authors.forename: Judith Z
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Goldfinger
authors.affiliation: Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Ajith P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Nair
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058406:Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy; D006321:Heart / Q000503:physiopathology; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006353:Heart-Assist Devices; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics; D020127:Recovery of Function; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: cardiac remodeling; congestive heart failure; left ventricular dysfunction; myocardial recovery; reverse remodeling; ventricular assist devices