title: Predisposing factors to premature coronary artery disease in young (age ≤ 45 years) smokers: a single center retrospective case control study from India.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The role of the conventional risk factors in premature coronary artery disease (CAD) after eliminating the confounding variability of smoking has not been evaluated. This study was conducted to identify role of traditional risk factors in smokers with premature CAD.
  
  
  METHODS
  The case records of patients presenting acutely with premature CAD during the period 2007-2010 were analyzed retrospectively. Age, sex and smoking matched controls were selected from same time period. Data records were obtained for family history, alcohol, waist size, blood pressure, hypertension, blood sugar, lipid profile and presence of cutaneous markers for both groups and analyzed using statistical software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  234 smokers with CAD and 122 smokers without CAD were included in groups 1 and 2, respectively. The patients in group 1 had significantly increased prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia and central obesity. There was no difference in prevalence of family history of CAD, arcus juvenilis and baldness. We found statistically significant association of hypertension, DM and metabolic syndrome in young smokers with premature acute CAD in Indian population as compared to young smokers without CAD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In young smokers, presence of hypertension, central obesity, diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome identifies a subset at increased risk for future acute CAD requiring more rigorous follow up and treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Amitesh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aggarwal
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Sourabh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aggarwal
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Prattaya Guha
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Sarkar
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Vishal
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sharma
keywords: Coronary Artery Disease; Diabetes; Dyslipidemia; Hypertension; Obesity; Smoking; Young
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