title: The hand in systemic diseases other than rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: This review outlines the skin, vascular and musculoskeletal symptoms affecting the hand during systemic inflammatory diseases other than rheumatoid arthritis. Skin lesions are diagnosed clinically and their symptomatology is documented through an extensive series of photographs. These conditions may require specific care before a surgical procedure can be performed. Vascular lesions are also diagnosed clinically and their symptomatology is described in detail. It is important to recognize that acrocyanosis is always benign. The surgeon should be able to distinguish between primary, but benign Raynaud's disease and secondary Raynaud's syndrome, which has a high risk of finger necrosis. Current preventative and curative treatments for finger necrosis are described. The clinical, radiological, progressive and therapeutic features of musculoskeletal lesions are reviewed, namely those associated with psoriatic arthritis, systemic sclerosis and lupus.
authors.affiliation: Service de chirurgie de la main et du membre supérieur, pôle des neurosciences et de l'appareil locomoteur, hôpital Roger-Salengro, CHRU de Lille, rue du Pr-Emile-Laine, 59037 Lille cedex, France. Electronic address: christian.fontaine@chru-lille.fr.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fontaine
authors.affiliation: Service de dermatologie, hôpital Huriez, CHRU de Lille, 59037 Lille cedex, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Staumont-Sallé
authors.affiliation: Centre national de référence maladies rares : maladies auto-immunes systémiques, service de médecine interne, hôpital Huriez, CHRU de Lille, 59037 Lille cedex, France.
authors.forename: P-Y
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Hatron
authors.affiliation: Service de radiologie et imagerie musculosquelettique, CCIAL, CHRU de Lille, 59037 Lille cedex, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cotten
authors.affiliation: SOS Main, hôpital privé Ouest Parisien, 14, avenue Castiglione-del-Lago, 78190 Trappes, France; Espace médical Vauban, 2A, avenue de Ségur, 75007 Paris, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Couturier
mesh_terms: D015535:Arthritis, Psoriatic / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D003490:Cyanosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D003882:Dermatomyositis / Q000150:complications; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D005385:Fingers / Q000473:pathology*; D006225:Hand / Q000601:surgery; D006229:Hand Dermatoses / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D008178:Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous / Q000150:complications; D009336:Necrosis / Q000209:etiology; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000175:diagnosis; D010020:Osteonecrosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000150:complications; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000150:complications; D045743:Scleroderma, Diffuse / Q000150:complications; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000150:complications; D012874:Skin Diseases, Infectious / Q000517:prevention & control; D014456:Ulcer / Q000209:etiology; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D014945:Wound Healing; D014955:Wrist Joint / Q000601:surgery
keywords: Arthrite; Arthritis; Chirurgie; Dermatomyosite; Dermatomyositis; Hand; Ischemia; Ischémie; Lupus; Main; Necrosis; Nécrose; Poignet; Polymyosite; Polymyositis; Psoriasis; Raynaud; Scleroderma; Sclérodermie; Surgery; Wrist