title: Increased efficiency of direct nanoimprinting on planar and curved bulk titanium through surface modification.
abstract: In this work the direct transfer of nanopatterns into titanium is demonstrated. The nanofeatures are imprinted at room temperature using diamond stamps in a single step. We also show that the imprint properties of the titanium surface can be altered by anodisation yielding a significant reduction in the required imprint force for pattern transfer. The anodisation process is also utilised for curved titanium surfaces where a reduced imprint force is preferable to avoid sample deformation and damage. We finally demonstrate that our process can be applied directly to titanium rods.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, UK ; Division of Electronics and Nano-Scale Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, UK.
authors.forename: Andrew I M
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Greer
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, UK.
authors.forename: Krishna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Seunarine
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, UK.
authors.forename: Ali Z
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: Khokhar
authors.affiliation: School of Physics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Maclaren
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, UK.
authors.forename: Alistair S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Brydone
authors.affiliation: Division of Electronics and Nano-Scale Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, UK.
authors.forename: David A J
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Moran
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, UK.
authors.forename: Nikolaj
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gadegaard
keywords: Implant; Metal; Nanoimprint; Stem-cell; Topography
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