title: Patterns of sedentary time and cardiometabolic risk among Canadian adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to examine the associations of total sedentary time and patterns of sedentary time with cardiometabolic biomarkers in a large representative sample of Canadian adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study is based on 4935 adults aged 20-79years, from the 2007/09 and 2009/11 Canadian Health Measures Survey. Total sedentary time, patterns of sedentary time (≥20minute prolonged sedentary bouts, number of sedentary breaks), and moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) were accelerometer-derived. Waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and C-reactive protein were measured. Triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, insulin, and glucose were also measured in a fasting sub-sample (n=2551).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total sedentary time and time in ≥20minute prolonged sedentary bouts were associated with higher insulin and lower diastolic blood pressure levels (P<0.05). On average, each additional 10 breaks/day was associated with 0.83 (95%CI: 1.35, 0.31) cm lower waist circumference, 0.32 (0.62, 0.02) mmHg lower systolic blood pressure, 0.01 (0.00, 0.02) mmol/l higher HDL-cholesterol, 3.72 (1.34, 6.13) % lower triglycerides, 0.57 (0.23, 0.92) % lower glucose, and 4.19 (1.80, 6.63) % lower insulin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings in a large representative sample of Canadian adults indicate that breaking up sedentary time may be particularly important for cardiometabolic health.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Electronic address: vlcarson@ualberta.ca.
authors.forename: Valerie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Carson
authors.affiliation: Health Analysis Division, Statistics Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Suzy L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: The University of Queensland, School of Population Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Winkler
authors.affiliation: The University of Queensland, School of Population Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Genevieve N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Healy
authors.affiliation: Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Rachel C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Colley
authors.affiliation: Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Tremblay
mesh_terms: D061725:Accelerometry; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D018570:Risk Assessment; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Adult; Cardiovascular diseases; Insulin resistance; Sedentary lifestyle