title: Field-measured uptake rates of PCDDs/Fs and dl-PCBs using PUF-disk passive air samplers in Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
abstract: The collection of 2,3,7,8-substituted polychlorinated dibenzo-ρ-dioxins and dibenzo furans (PCDDs/Fs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) using a polyurethane form (PUF)-disk passive air sampler (PAS) was investigated in urban-residential and industrial areas. This was performed to assess the feasibility of using this method as an alternative to an active air sampler (AAS). The PUF-disk PAS was exposed to ambient air over a period of 37-370 and 57-173 days in urban and industrial areas, respectively, together with AASs. The sum of total toxic equivalent quantity (TEQ) ΣPCDDs/Fs and Σdl-PCB was typically high in the industrial area, with values within the range 0.171-0.635 pg-TEQ/m(3), and 0.037-0.300 pg-TEQ/m(3) in the urban-residential area. To derive the time-weighted average (TWA) concentration from the PAS data accurately, it was estimated that the PAS deployed for less than 80 days was adequate to maintain linear accumulation conditions. PCDDs/Fs are mainly particle bound and showed low average uptake rates of 1.4m(3)d(-1), while dl-PCBs were slightly higher with 2.0m(3)d(-1) because of its high vapor pressure. Most of the congener concentrations measured using the PAS and AAS were within a factor of two, indicating that PASs can be used to monitor spatial and temporal variations in the concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the atmosphere.
authors.affiliation: Gyeonggi-do Institute of Health and Environment, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jongwon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yongin, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: gwlee@hufs.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Gangwoong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001272:Atmosphere / Q000737:chemistry; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000032:analysis*; D004147:Dioxins / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis*; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D011108:Polymers / Q000032:analysis*; D056910:Republic of Korea
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D001572:Benzofurans; D004147:Dioxins; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D011108:Polymers; C016068:polychlorodibenzofuran; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls
keywords: Dioxin like PCBs; PCDDs/Fs; PUF-disk; Passive sampling uptake rate