title: Separating monocular and binocular neural mechanisms mediating chromatic contextual interactions.
abstract: When seen in isolation, a light that varies in chromaticity over time is perceived to oscillate in color. Perception of that same time-varying light may be altered by a surrounding light that is also temporally varying in chromaticity. The neural mechanisms that mediate these contextual interactions are the focus of this article. Observers viewed a central test stimulus that varied in chromaticity over time within a larger surround that also varied in chromaticity at the same temporal frequency. Center and surround were presented either to the same eye (monocular condition) or to opposite eyes (dichoptic condition) at the same frequency (3.125, 6.25, or 9.375 Hz). Relative phase between center and surround modulation was varied. In both the monocular and dichoptic conditions, the perceived modulation depth of the central light depended on the relative phase of the surround. A simple model implementing a linear combination of center and surround modulation fit the measurements well. At the lowest temporal frequency (3.125 Hz), the surround's influence was virtually identical for monocular and dichoptic conditions, suggesting that at this frequency, the surround's influence is mediated primarily by a binocular neural mechanism. At higher frequencies, the surround's influence was greater for the monocular condition than for the dichoptic condition, and this difference increased with temporal frequency. Our findings show that two separate neural mechanisms mediate chromatic contextual interactions: one binocular and dominant at lower temporal frequencies and the other monocular and dominant at higher frequencies (6-10 Hz).
authors.affiliation: Center for Perceptual Systems and Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Anthony D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: D'Antona
authors.forename: Jens H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Christiansen
authors.forename: Steven K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Shevell
mesh_terms: D003118:Color Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D003867:Depth Perception; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light; D055351:Retinal Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D015348:Vision, Binocular / Q000502:physiology*; D015349:Vision, Monocular / Q000502:physiology*; D014795:Visual Pathways / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: color appearance/constancy; contextual interactions; temporal modulation
references.citation: J Neurosci. 1999 Jul 15;19(14):6145-56
references.pmid: 10407050
references.citation: Vision Res. 2007 Jan;47(1):16-21
references.pmid: 17070888
references.citation: J Opt Soc Am. 1979 Aug;69(8):1183-6
references.pmid: 490231
references.citation: Vision Res. 1998 Jun;38(13):2037-46
references.pmid: 9797949
references.citation: Vis Neurosci. 2006 May-Aug;23(3-4):483-7
references.pmid: 16961984
references.citation: Vision Res. 1986;26(6):887-97
references.pmid: 3750872
references.citation: Vision Res. 1994 Dec;34(23):3081-96
references.pmid: 7975341
references.citation: J Vis. 2009 Mar 17;9(3):12.1-11
references.pmid: 19757951
references.citation: J Opt Soc Am A. 1986 Oct;3(10):1752-7
references.pmid: 3772638
references.citation: J Vis. 2004 May 26;4(6):459-68
references.pmid: 15330713
references.citation: J Vis. 2008 Jan 15;8(1):8.1-18
references.pmid: 18318611
references.citation: Nat Neurosci. 2001 Apr;4(4):409-16
references.pmid: 11276232
references.citation: Neuropsychologia. 2008 Feb 12;46(3):853-63
references.pmid: 18206187
references.citation: J Vis. 2009 Jan 20;9(1):21.1-11
references.pmid: 19271891
references.citation: J Vis. 2009 May 28;9(5):26.1-10
references.pmid: 19757904
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2001 Apr 15;21(8):2768-83
references.pmid: 11306629
references.citation: Annu Rev Psychol. 2008;59:143-66
references.pmid: 18154500
references.citation: Vision Res. 2013 Dec 18;93:19-28
references.pmid: 24128873
references.citation: Vis Neurosci. 2006 May-Aug;23(3-4):479-82
references.pmid: 16961983
references.citation: Vision Res. 1978;18(12):1649-61
references.pmid: 726318
references.citation: Vision Res. 2011 Aug 15;51(16):1853-60
references.pmid: 21745494
references.citation: Vision Res. 2000;40(23):3173-80
references.pmid: 11008136
references.citation: J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 1995 Apr;12(4):667-85
references.pmid: 7714647
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Jul 5;97(14):8069-74
references.pmid: 10859348
references.citation: J Vis. 2004 Aug 09;4(7):643-63
references.pmid: 15330708
references.citation: Vision Res. 1992 Dec;32(12):2331-40
references.pmid: 1288009
references.citation: Vision Res. 1996 May;36(10):1391-8
references.pmid: 8762758
references.citation: Cereb Cortex. 2002 Sep;12(9):915-25
references.pmid: 12183391
references.citation: Vision Res. 2006 Jan;46(1-2):106-16
references.pmid: 16095652
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2005 Dec 14;25(50):11666-75
references.pmid: 16354925
references.citation: Vis Neurosci. 1992 Aug;9(2):181-97
references.pmid: 1504027
references.citation: Vision Res. 1975 Feb;15(2):161-71
references.pmid: 1129973
references.citation: Vision Res. 1994 Dec;34(23):3111-26
references.pmid: 7975344
references.citation: Vision Res. 1992 Sep;32(9):1695-707
references.pmid: 1455741