title: Early caffeine exposure: transient and long-term consequences on brain excitability.
abstract: The influence of pre- and postnatal caffeine treatment on brain excitability during development and adulthood is reviewed. Pre- and postnatal exposure to caffeine induces sex- and age-specific long-term neurochemical alterations in the brain and the behavior of rodents. Because adenosine neuromodulation is closely related to the regulation of brain excitability the increased expression in adenosine receptor system due to neonatal caffeine treatment should cause transient and permanent changes in seizure susceptibility. So far, findings have been focused on primarily developmental changes of the brain adenosine modulatory system and have demonstrated that the alterations are not restricted to a single brain region. Neurobehavioral changes and the anticonvulsant effect of early caffeine exposure are dependent on the caffeine dose, developmental stage of exposure and age of testing. Although outcomes of caffeine treatment are still a matter of debate, our review raise questions concerning the impact of early caffeine treatment on regulation of seizure susceptibility during development and adulthood.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neurobiology, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 23, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria. Electronic address: janetchekalarova@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jana D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Tchekalarova
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Hana
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kubová
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic. Electronic address: maresp@biomed.cas.cz.
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mareš
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D002110:Caffeine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D058915:Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D012640:Seizures / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D058915:Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; D002110:Caffeine
keywords: Adulthood; Caffeine; Development; Pre- and postnatal treatment; Seizure susceptibility