title: In vitro antioxidant activities, free radical scavenging capacity, and tyrosinase inhibitory of flavonoid compounds and ferulic acid from Spiranthes sinensis (Pers.) Ames.
abstract: In this study, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and other methods of extracting flavonoid compounds and ferulic acid (FA) from S. sinensis were investigated. Five different extraction methods, including water extraction (W), water extraction using UAE (W+U), 75% ethanol extraction (E), 75% ethanol extraction using UAE (E+U), and supercritical CO2 extraction (SFE) were applied in the extraction of bioactive compounds (flavonoids and ferulic acid) in order to compare their efficiency. The highest yield of flavonoids (4.28 mg/g) and ferulic acid (4.13 mg/g) content was detected in the E+U extract. Furthermore, S. sinensis extracts obtained by E+U show high antioxidant activity, and IC50 values of 0.47 mg/mL for DPPH radicals and 0.205 mg/mL for metal chelating activity. The total antioxidant assay shows superoxide radical scavenging capacity and in vitro mushroom tyrosinase inhibition in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that E+U can be used for extraction of bioactive compounds from S. sinensis.
authors.affiliation: Cheng Ching General Hospital, Taichung 42881, Taiwan. hideben@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Chung Pin
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Botanicals and Health Applications, Da-Yeh University, Changhua 51591, Taiwan. q8528852@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Chia Hao
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Horien International Co., Ltd., Taichung 42881, Taiwan. jasonliang@hydron.com.tw.
authors.forename: Chien Cheng
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Pemay Biomedical Technology Corp, Taichung 41348, Taiwan. pemay321@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kuei Yu
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Botanicals and Health Applications, Da-Yeh University, Changhua 51591, Taiwan. welson@mail.dyu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Chang Wei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Hsieh
mesh_terms: D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D003373:Coumaric Acids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000431:Ethanol; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D059625:Liquid-Liquid Extraction / Q000379:methods; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D029595:Orchidaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D010851:Picrates / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D012997:Solvents; D013010:Sonication; D013481:Superoxides / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D003373:Coumaric Acids; D005419:Flavonoids; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents; D013481:Superoxides; D000431:Ethanol; C004999:ferulic acid; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase
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