title: Surface engineered antifouling optomagnetic SPIONs for bimodal targeted imaging of pancreatic cancer cells.
abstract: Targeted imaging contrast agents for early pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma diagnosis was developed using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). For phase transfer of SPIONs, the hydrophobic SPIONs are first treated with tetrafluoroborate and then capped by bovine serum albumin (BSA) via ligand exchange. It was experimentally found that nitrosyl tetrafluoroborate pretreatment and proper structures of molecules are essential to the effective surface functionalization of SPIONs. Nonspecific binding was found to be significantly reduced by BSA surface functionalized hydrophobic SPIONs (BSA·SPIONs). The BSA·SPIONs were monodispersed with an average size of approximately 18.0 nm and stable in a wide pH range and various ionic strengths even after 7 days of storage. The longitudinal and transverse proton relaxation rate (r1, r2) values of the BSA·SPIONs were determined to be 11.6 and 154.2 s(-1) per mM of Fe(3+) respectively. The r2/r1 ratio of 13.3 ensured its application as the T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. When conjugated with near-infrared fluorescent dye and monoclonal antibody, the (dye)BSA·SPION-monoclonal antibody bioconjugates showed excellent targeting capability with minimal nonspecific binding in the bimodal imaging of pancreatic cancer cells. The experimental approach is facile, environmentally benign, and straightforward, which presents great promise in early cancer diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department of the Tenth People's Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department of the Tenth People's Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department of the Tenth People's Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bingbo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department of the Tenth People's Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fengjun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yingsheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department of the Tenth People's Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Materials Science and Engineering Program, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Donglu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D003911:Dextrans / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D064847:Multimodal Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D003911:Dextrans; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; C097921:ferumoxtran-10
keywords: BSA; MRI; bimodal imaging; superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles; targeted imaging
references.citation: Chem Commun (Camb). 2013 Mar 28;49(25):2557-9
references.pmid: 23423192
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2004 Jan 14;126(1):273-9
references.pmid: 14709092
references.citation: Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2009;48(23):4174-9
references.pmid: 19408274
references.citation: Chem Commun (Camb). 2010 Sep 28;46(36):6684-6
references.pmid: 20730157
references.citation: CA Cancer J Clin. 2009 Jul-Aug;59(4):225-49
references.pmid: 19474385
references.citation: Eur Radiol. 2011 May;21(5):1016-25
references.pmid: 20972894
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2007 Mar 14;129(10):2871-9
references.pmid: 17309256
references.citation: ACS Nano. 2010 Sep 28;4(9):5217-24
references.pmid: 20731413
references.citation: Adv Protein Chem. 1994;45:153-203
references.pmid: 8154369
references.citation: Clin Cancer Res. 2011 Jan 15;17(2):302-9
references.pmid: 21098698
references.citation: PLoS Med. 2008 Apr 15;5(4):e85
references.pmid: 18416599
references.citation: Bioconjug Chem. 2005 Nov-Dec;16(6):1488-94
references.pmid: 16287246
references.citation: Anal Biochem. 2008 Sep 1;380(1):51-8
references.pmid: 18559251
references.citation: ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2012 Dec;4(12):6479-86
references.pmid: 23151093
references.citation: Biomaterials. 2005 Mar;26(7):729-38
references.pmid: 15350777
references.citation: Nat Nanotechnol. 2013 Feb;8(2):137-43
references.pmid: 23334168
references.citation: J Fluoresc. 2005 Mar;15(2):161-70
references.pmid: 15883771
references.citation: Langmuir. 2012 Dec 4;28(48):16605-13
references.pmid: 23145555
references.citation: NMR Biomed. 2004 Nov;17(7):484-99
references.pmid: 15526347
references.citation: ACS Nano. 2011 May 24;5(5):3577-84
references.pmid: 21473648
references.citation: Nanomedicine (Lond). 2011 Apr;6(3):519-28
references.pmid: 21542689
references.citation: Biomaterials. 2010 Jul;31(20):5397-407
references.pmid: 20398933
references.citation: Biosens Bioelectron. 2011 Dec 15;30(1):145-50
references.pmid: 21963096
references.citation: Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2010 Jan 1;75(1):300-9
references.pmid: 19781921
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2010 Mar 17;132(10):3367-74
references.pmid: 20158181
references.citation: Anal Chem. 2008 Apr 15;80(8):3029-34
references.pmid: 18324840
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2004 Aug 18;126(32):9938-9
references.pmid: 15303865
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Feb 2;133(4):998-1006
references.pmid: 21175183
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Mar 2;133(8):2525-34
references.pmid: 21288025
references.citation: Biomaterials. 2009 Apr;30(12):2231-40
references.pmid: 19167749
references.citation: AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1996 Mar;17(3):411-8
references.pmid: 8881233
references.citation: Ann Biomed Eng. 2006 Jan;34(1):23-38
references.pmid: 16496086
references.citation: Nano Lett. 2009 Mar;9(3):1080-4
references.pmid: 19199477
references.citation: Biophys J. 1975 Feb;15(2 Pt 1):137-41
references.pmid: 1167468
references.citation: ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2013 Jun 12;5(11):4632-9
references.pmid: 23633522
references.citation: Gastroenterology. 2005 May;128(6):1606-25
references.pmid: 15887154
references.citation: Cardiovasc Res. 2008 Apr 1;78(1):148-57
references.pmid: 18174291
references.citation: Nanoscale. 2011 Apr;3(4):1600-7
references.pmid: 21305092
references.citation: Chem Commun (Camb). 2008 Oct 7;(37):4463-5
references.pmid: 18802591
references.citation: Nanoscale. 2013 Sep 21;5(18):8656-65
references.pmid: 23896964