title: Humoral response to a viral glycan correlates with survival on PROSTVAC-VF.
abstract: Therapeutic cancer vaccines can be effective for treating patients, but clinical responses vary considerably from patient to patient. Early indicators of a favorable response are crucial for making individualized treatment decisions and advancing vaccine design, but no validated biomarkers are currently available. In this study, we used glycan microarrays to profile antiglycan antibody responses induced by PROSTVAC-VF, a poxvirus-based cancer vaccine currently in phase III clinical trials. Although the vaccine is designed to induce T-cell responses to prostate-specific antigen, we demonstrate that this vaccine also induces humoral responses to a carbohydrate on the poxvirus, the Forssman disaccharide (GalNAcα1-3GalNAcβ). These responses had a statistically significant correlation with overall survival in two independent sample sets (P = 0.015 and 0.008) comprising more than 100 patients. Additionally, anti-Forssman humoral responses correlated with clinical outcome in a separate study of PROSTVAC-VF combined with a radiopharmaceutical (Quadramet). Studies on control subjects demonstrated that the survival correlation was specific to the vaccine. The results provide evidence that antiglycan antibody responses may serve as early biomarkers of a favorable response to PROSTVAC-VF and offer unique insights for improving vaccine design.
authors.affiliation: Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702.
authors.forename: Christopher T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: James L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Gulley
authors.forename: Oyindasola
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Oyelaran
authors.forename: James W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Hodge
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schlom
authors.forename: Jeffrey C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Gildersleeve
mesh_terms: D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm / Q000097:blood; D000917:Antibody Formation; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D004187:Disaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D005587:Fowlpox virus / Q000276:immunology*; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000276:immunology; D054794:Glycomics; D006801:Humans; D056724:Immunity, Humoral / Q000276:immunology*; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D011379:Prognosis; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000276:immunology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014611:Vaccination; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000276:immunology*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D004187:Disaccharides; D011134:Polysaccharides; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen
keywords: Forssman antigen; glycan array
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