title: Conjugated bisphenol A in maternal serum in relation to miscarriage risk.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the relationship between the maternal serum bisphenol A (BPA) concentration at the time of the missed menstrual cycle and miscarriage risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort of prospectively collected serum samples.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic fertility center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women presenting for early pregnancy monitoring with singleton pregnancies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Stored serum samples from 4 to 5 weeks' gestation analyzed for conjugated serum BPA concentrations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Live birth, miscarriage, and chromosome content of miscarriage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With the 115 women included in the study, there were 47 live births and 68 clinical miscarriages (46 aneuploid and 22 euploid). Median conjugated BPA concentrations were higher in the women who had miscarriages than in those who had live births (0.101 vs. 0.075 ng/mL). Women with the highest quartile of conjugated BPA had an increased relative risk of miscarriage (1.83; 95% CI, 1.14-2.96) compared with the women in the lowest quartile. We found a similar increase risk for both euploid and aneuploid miscarriages.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Maternal conjugated BPA was associated with a higher risk of aneuploid and euploid miscarriage in this cohort. The impact of reducing individual exposure on future pregnancy outcomes deserves further study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California. Electronic address: rlathi@stanford.edu.
authors.forename: Ruth B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Lathi
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Stanford Hospital and Clinics, Stanford, California.
authors.forename: Cara A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Liebert
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.
authors.forename: Kathleen F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Brookfield
authors.affiliation: Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri.
authors.forename: Julia A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.affiliation: Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri.
authors.forename: Frederick S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: vom Saal
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Victor Y
authors.initials: VY
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.
authors.forename: Valerie L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Baker
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000097:blood* / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000235:genetics; D000328:Adult; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D050498:Live Birth; D016015:Logistic Models; D062145:Maternal Serum Screening Tests; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010636:Phenols / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood*; D011003:Ploidies; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D015415:Biomarkers; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D010636:Phenols; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
keywords: Aneuploidy; bisphenol A; endocrine disruptor; miscarriage; pregnancy
references.citation: Reprod Toxicol. 2010 Nov;30(3):393-400
references.pmid: 20599497
references.citation: Reprod Toxicol. 2010 Dec;30(4):550-7
references.pmid: 20692330
references.citation: J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2011 Oct;127(1-2):27-34
references.pmid: 21605673
references.citation: Reprod Toxicol. 2011 Jul;32(1):64-8
references.pmid: 21440056
references.citation: Reprod Toxicol. 2011 Apr;31(3):359-62
references.pmid: 20965246
references.citation: Environ Health Perspect. 2012 Jul;120(7):978-83
references.pmid: 22484414
references.citation: Reprod Toxicol. 2007 Aug-Sep;24(2):131-8
references.pmid: 17768031
references.citation: Fertil Steril. 2011 Jul;96(1):175-9
references.pmid: 21536273
references.citation: Hum Reprod. 2012 Dec;27(12):3583-92
references.pmid: 23014629
references.citation: Endocr Rev. 2012 Jun;33(3):378-455
references.pmid: 22419778
references.citation: Environ Health Perspect. 2011 Apr;119(4):422-30
references.pmid: 20855240
references.citation: Environ Health Perspect. 2011 Jan;119(1):131-7
references.pmid: 21205581
references.citation: Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2006 Jul 25;254-255:179-86
references.pmid: 16781053
references.citation: Curr Biol. 2003 Apr 1;13(7):546-53
references.pmid: 12676084
references.citation: JAMA. 2011 Nov 23;306(20):2218-20
references.pmid: 22110104
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Oct 23;109(43):17525-30
references.pmid: 23012422
references.citation: Chem Res Toxicol. 2002 Oct;15(10):1281-7
references.pmid: 12387626
references.citation: Fertil Steril. 2011 Sep;96(3):672-677.e2
references.pmid: 21813122
references.citation: PLoS Genet. 2007 Jan 12;3(1):e5
references.pmid: 17222059
references.citation: Int J Androl. 2010 Apr;33(2):385-93
references.pmid: 20002217
references.citation: Environ Health Perspect. 2008 Jan;116(1):32-8
references.pmid: 18197296
references.citation: Hum Reprod. 2012 Mar;27(3):910-20
references.pmid: 22215632
references.citation: J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2012 Sep;26(9):337-43
references.pmid: 22730197
references.citation: Endocrinology. 2012 Aug;153(8):3828-38
references.pmid: 22707478
references.citation: J Biochem. 2009 Jul;146(1):113-22
references.pmid: 19304792
references.citation: Fertil Steril. 2011 Apr;95(5):1816-9
references.pmid: 21122836
references.citation: Environ Health Perspect. 2011 Jul;119(7):914-20
references.pmid: 21450549
references.citation: Fertil Steril. 2008 Feb;89(2 Suppl):e1-e20
references.pmid: 18308046
references.citation: Reprod Toxicol. 2013 Dec;42:132-55
references.pmid: 23994667
references.citation: Hum Reprod. 2005 Aug;20(8):2325-9
references.pmid: 15947000