title: Cardiac myxoma causing acute ischemic stroke in a pediatric patient and a review of literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ischemic stroke in the pediatric population is a rare occurrence, and its possible causes span a wide differential that includes atrial myxomas. Myxomas are friable cardiac tumors that produce "showers" of emboli resulting in transient neurological deficits, cutaneous eruptions, and ophthalmologic deficits.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present an 11-year-old boy with a months-long history of an intermittent spotted "rash" who presented with acute ischemic stroke caused by a left atrial myxoma. We also review clinical features in all 16 other cases of cardiac myxoma causing pediatric stroke reported in the literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our case, along with the review of the literature, highlights the fact that myxomas often initially present as stroke with acute hemiplegia and transient cutaneous eruptions due to fragmentation of the tumor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cardiac myxoma should be considered in any child presenting with ischemic stroke, and transient skin findings may provide an important diagnostic clue prior to onset of neurological symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Richmond, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia. Electronic address: jfuchs10@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fuchs
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Richmond, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia; Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Richmond, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Leszczyszyn
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Richmond, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia; Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Richmond, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
authors.forename: Don
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mathew
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004452:Echocardiography; D005528:Foot / Q000473:pathology; D006325:Heart Atria; D006338:Heart Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009232:Myxoma / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology
keywords: acute hemiplegia; cardiac myxoma; children; evanescent rash; retinal artery occlusion; stroke