title: Adipokines, metabolic syndrome and rheumatic diseases.
abstract: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiometabolic disorders that result from the increasing prevalence of obesity. The major components of MetS include insulin resistance, central obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. MetS identifies the central obesity with increased risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patients with rheumatic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and ankylosing spondylitis, have increased prevalence of CVDs. Moreover, CVD risk is increased when obesity is present in these patients. However, traditional cardiovascular risk factors do not completely explain the enhanced cardiovascular risk in this population. Thus, MetS and the altered secretion patterns of proinflammatory adipokines present in obesity could be the link between CVDs and rheumatic diseases. Furthermore, adipokines have been linked to the pathogenesis of MetS and its comorbidities through their effects on vascular function and inflammation. In the present paper, we review recent evidence of the role played by adipokines in the modulation of MetS in the general population, and in patients with rheumatic diseases.
authors.affiliation: SERGAS, Research Laboratory 9, NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Institute of Medical Research (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain ; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Coruña (UDC), 15071 A Coruña, Spain.
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Abella
authors.affiliation: SERGAS, Research Laboratory 9, NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Institute of Medical Research (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors.forename: Morena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scotece
authors.affiliation: SERGAS, Research Laboratory 9, NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Institute of Medical Research (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1007-5669
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Conde
authors.affiliation: SERGAS, Research Laboratory 9, NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Institute of Medical Research (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors.forename: Verónica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: López
authors.affiliation: SERGAS, Research Laboratory 9, NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Institute of Medical Research (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain ; University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
authors.forename: Verónica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lazzaro
authors.affiliation: SERGAS, Division of Orthopaedics Surgery and Traumatology, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pino
authors.affiliation: SERGAS, Research Laboratory 9, NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Institute of Medical Research (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Gómez-Reino
authors.affiliation: SERGAS, Research Laboratory 9, NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Institute of Medical Research (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors.forename: Oreste
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gualillo
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000378:metabolism; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D052243:Resistin / Q000378:metabolism; D012216:Rheumatic Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D052242:Adiponectin; D020738:Leptin; D052243:Resistin; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase
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