title: Alcohol enhances Acinetobacter baumannii-associated pneumonia and systemic dissemination by impairing neutrophil antimicrobial activity in a murine model of infection.
abstract: Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab) is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in chronic alcoholics in tropical and sub-tropical climates and associated with a >50% mortality rate. Using a murine model of alcohol (EtOH) administration, we demonstrated that EtOH enhances Ab-mediated pneumonia leading to systemic infection. Although EtOH did not affect neutrophil recruitment to the lungs of treated mice, it decreased phagocytosis and killing of bacteria by these leukocytes leading to increased microbial burden and severity of disease. Moreover, we determined that mice that received EtOH prior to Ab infection were immunologically impaired, which was reflected in increased pulmonary inflammation, sequential dissemination to the liver and kidneys, and decreased survival. Furthermore, immunosuppression by EtOH was associated with deregulation of cytokine production in the organs of infected mice. This study establishes that EtOH impairs immunity in vivo exacerbating Ab infection and disease progression. The ability of Ab to cause disease in alcoholics warrants the study of its virulence mechanisms and host interactions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Long Island University-Post, Brookville, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jay A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gandhi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Long Island University-Post, Brookville, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Vaibhav V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Ekhar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Long Island University-Post, Brookville, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Melissa B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Asplund
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Long Island University-Post, Brookville, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Asan F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Abdulkareem
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Long Island University-Post, Brookville, New York, United States of America; Department of Biology, Adelphi University, Garden City, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahmadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America; PhD Program in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology of Coimbra and Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Coelho
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Long Island University-Post, Brookville, New York, United States of America; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Luis R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Martinez
mesh_terms: D040981:Acinetobacter baumannii / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D000438:Alcohols / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D008853:Microscopy; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000438:Alcohols
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