title: Organic-inorganic hybrids of imidazole complexes of zinc (II) for catalysts in the glycerolysis of urea.
abstract: Bis(alkylimidazole) complexes of zinc, (RIm)2ZnX2, were prepared by a metal insertion reaction. The synthesized (RIm)2ZnX2 exhibited good catalytic performance during synthesis of glycerol carbonate (GC) from glycerol and urea. (HEIm)2ZnCl2 with a hydroxyl group exhibited the highest GC yield during glycerolysis of urea owing to incorporation of acid-base bifunctional active sites. (EIm)2ZnX2 catalysts based on different halide anions showed increased reactivity as Cl- < Br- < I-, which is the order of nucleophilicity. The effects of reaction parameters such as temperature, reaction time, catalyst loading, and degree of vacuum on the reactivity were also investigated.
authors.forename: Dong-Woo
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dae-Won
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D004951:Esterification; D005990:Glycerol / Q000737:chemistry*; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000737:chemistry*; D007287:Inorganic Chemicals / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000737:chemistry; D010316:Particle Size; D014508:Urea / Q000737:chemistry*; D015032:Zinc / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D007093:Imidazoles; D007287:Inorganic Chemicals; D009930:Organic Chemicals; C029899:imidazole; D014508:Urea; D015032:Zinc; D005990:Glycerol