title: The usefulness and safety of the introducer technique using a bumper-button-type device as compared with the pull method for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe our initial experiences with the standardized introducer technique for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and to compare clinical outcomes and complications with the pull technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  The introducer technique was used on 91 patients. The clinical outcomes of procedures were retrospectively collected and compared with those of 22 patients who had procedures using the pull technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean operation time was significantly longer in the introducer technique group as compared with the pull technique group. Increased inflammation markers (body temperature, white blood cell count, and C-reactive protein) were observed in the pull technique group as compared with the introducer technique group. Incidences of peristomal infection and pneumonia were lower in the introducer method group than in the pull method group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The introducer technique is a useful and safe method for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in terms of reduced incidences of peristomal infection, pneumonia, pain, and discomfort.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma Department of Surgery, Kajin-kai Chichibu Hospital, Chichibu, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Mitsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yanai
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Toyomasu
authors.forename: Kyoichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogata
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.forename: Ryuusuke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aihara
authors.forename: Erito
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mochiki
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Asao
authors.forename: Mineo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hanawa
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kuwano
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*; D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D005774:Gastrostomy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061646:Operative Time; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013536:Suture Techniques
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein
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