title: Predictors for recurrence after urethroplasty in pediatric and adolescent stricture urethra.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims at evaluating factors predicting recurrence of urethral stricture following urethroplasty in pediatric patients at a tertiary care center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-two patients of up to 18 years of age, who underwent urethroplasty, were reviewed. Duration of symptoms, etiology, previous intervention, and site of stricture, surgical modality, stricture length, and spongiofibrosis at stricture site, recurrence, and ancillary procedures required were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-two (82.76%) patients (Group I) had recurrence-free course on follow-up. Of the 10 patients with recurrence (Group II), 9 had PTS and 1 had IS (p = 0.04). Most of the factors evaluated did not differ statistically between the groups; however, length of stricture (1.8 vs. 4.3 cm, p < 0.001) and degree of spongiofibrosis (61% vs. 90%, p = 0.003) were significantly different. Seven patients with recurrence were managed with single procedures, but three required multiple procedures because of multiple recurrences. History of incision and drainage for paraurethral abscess was significantly higher (28.6% vs. 100%, p = 0.002) in patients who had multiple recurrences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Etiology, fibrosis at local site, and stricture length have significant impact on recurrence of pediatric urethral stricture disease. Associated paraurethral abscess may further compromise the outcome of urethroplasty.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, U.P., India.
authors.forename: Saurabh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vashishtha
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, U.P., India.
authors.forename: Sanjoy Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sureka
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, U.P., India.
authors.forename: Jatinder
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, U.P., India.
authors.forename: Sandeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Prabhakaran
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, U.P., India.
authors.forename: Rakesk
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kapoor
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, U.P., India. Electronic address: ansarimsa@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Ansari
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017677:Age Distribution; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003558:Cystoscopy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013997:Time Factors; D014521:Urethra / Q000601:surgery*; D014525:Urethral Stricture / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D014567:Urography / Q000379:methods; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Adolescent; Children; Pediatric; Stricture urethra