title: The effect of base of support stability on shoulder muscle activity during closed kinematic chain exercises.
abstract: METHODS
  A total of thirty eligible subjects (17 female and 13 male, age = 22.26 ± 0.99 years, height = 170.96 ± 8.42 cm, weight = 61.63 ± 9.92 kg) were tested in six different randomly ordered positions. Surface Electromyography (EMG) was recorded from the upper trapezius (UT), lower trapezius (LT), serratus anterior (SA), long head of the biceps (LB), teres major (TM) and posterior deltoid (PD) muscles in the dominant shoulder in 6 different closed kinetic chain (CKC) positions.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate changes in muscular activity of the shoulder muscles at different base of support stability levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Muscle activity was greater in the most stable position for all muscles except UT (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Shoulder muscle activity did not increase in parallel with a reduction in base of support stability in the present study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU), Damavand Ave., 16169 Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: khosro_khademi@yahoo.co.uk.
authors.forename: Khosro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Khademi Kalantari
authors.affiliation: Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, NO, Norway. Electronic address: siminb@stud.ntnu.no.
authors.forename: Simin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Berenji Ardestani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004576:Electromyography; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D012782:Shoulder / Q000502:physiology*; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000502:physiology
keywords: Closed kinetic chain; Exercise; Shoulder; Stability