title: Skin antisepsis in the neonate: what should we use?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Neonates in intensive care are more susceptible to sepsis. Infection is commonly acquired via the transcutaneous portal. It is necessary to identify the most effective yet safest topical antiseptics for use in neonates to reduce nosocomial sepsis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Recent national surveys indicate that a wide range of topical antiseptic preparations are used in the neonatal nursery. There are very few comparative studies in neonates and no robust evidence in favour of any particular antiseptic. There are significant safety and potential toxicity issues for neonates with all the commonly used antiseptics, particularly in very small immature babies. There are no convincing roles for routine application of emollient creams on the skin, topical antiseptics on the umbilical stump, or maternal vaginal washes with chlorhexidine for the prevention of neonatal infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Large multicentre trials are needed to determine the optimal antiseptic to use for neonates undergoing intensive care, especially for extremely preterm infants.
authors.affiliation: aNeonatal Unit, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, Norfolk, bNeonatal Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Vennila
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ponnusamy
authors.forename: Vidheya
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Venkatesh
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Clarke
mesh_terms: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D057785:Catheters / Q000382:microbiology*; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012867:Skin / Q000382:microbiology*; D014470:Umbilical Cord / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local