title: Development and optimization of doxorubicin loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanobubbles for drug delivery into HeLa cells.
abstract: Microbubbles (MBs, usually 2-8 microm) as ultrasound contrast agent and drug carrier are promising for ultrasonic imaging and drug delivery. However, MBs posed some limitations due to their large diameters. In the current study, we developed a nanoscale bubbles (nanobubbles, NBs) by encapsulating the doxorubicin (DOX) into poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) shells (denoted as DOX-PLGA NBs) for drug delivery into cancer cells. The size, morphology, particle stability, drug encapsulation efficiency, and drug payload were determined. The results showed that the DOX-PLGA NBs were uniform (270 +/- 3 nm) and spherical with a smooth surface, and were well dispersed and stable in water. The encapsulation efficiency and payload of DOX increased with its initial loading concentrations. The release behavior of DOX from the DOX-PLGA NBs exhibited a biphasic pattern characterized by an initial burst release followed by a slower and continuous release at both pH 7.4 and pH 4.4, and also presented in a pH-triggered releasing profile. The qualitative analysis of cellular internalization into HeLa cells by inverted fluorescence microscope showed that the cellular uptake of DOX-PLGA NBs was both concentration- and time-dependent. Moreover, the cell viability was also investigated using CCK-8 assay. It was found that DOX-PLGA NBs showed greater HeLa cell growth inhibition effect in vitro compared with free DOX. It was concluded that the DOX-PLGA NBs were biocompatible and appropriate for anti-cancer drug delivery, and were potentially promising as a new therapeutic system for cancer treatment.
authors.forename: Liwei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Fenglong
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Chunhui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yiyao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration / Q000187:drug effects; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D008027:Light; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010316:Particle Size; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D014465:Ultrasonics
chemical_list: D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D004317:Doxorubicin