title: Bradyrhizobium manausense sp. nov., isolated from effective nodules of Vigna unguiculata grown in Brazilian Amazonian rainforest soils.
abstract: Root nodule bacteria were trapped within cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) in soils with different cultivation histories collected from the Amazonian rainforest in northern Brazil. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences of six strains (BR 3351(T), BR 3307, BR 3310, BR 3315, BR 3323 BR and BR 3361) isolated from cowpea nodules showed that they formed a distinct group within the genus Bradyrhizobium, which was separate from previously identified type strains. Phylogenetic analyses of three housekeeping genes (glnII, recA and rpoB) revealed that Bradyrhizobium huanghuaihaiense CCBAU 23303(T) was the most closely related type strain (96% sequence similarity or lower). Chemotaxonomic data, including fatty acid profiles (predominant fatty acids being C16 : 0 and summed feature 8), the slow growth rate and carbon compound utilization patterns supported the assignment of the strains to the genus Bradyrhizobium. The results of DNA-DNA hybridizations, antibiotic resistance and physiological tests differentiated these novel strains from the most closely related species of the genus Bradyrhizobium with validly published names. Symbiosis-related genes for nodulation (nodC) and nitrogen fixation (nifH) grouped the novel strains of the genus Bradyrhizobium together with Bradyrhizobium iriomotense strain EK05(T), with 94% and 96% sequence similarity, respectively. Based on these data, these six strains represent a novel species for which the name Brabyrhizobium manausense sp. nov. (BR 3351(T) = HAMBI 3596(T)), is proposed.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Dr. Francisco Portela, 1470, São Gonçalo, Rio de Janeiro 24435-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Flavia V
authors.initials: FV
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology (WE10), Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.|Centre for Rhizobium Studies, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch 6150, Western Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: Sofie E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: De Meyer
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Agrobiologia, Rodovia BR 465 km 07, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro 23891-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jean L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Simões-Araújo
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Agrobiologia, Rodovia BR 465 km 07, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro 23891-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tatiane da Costa
authors.initials: TDC
authors.lastname: Barbé
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Agrobiologia, Rodovia BR 465 km 07, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro 23891-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gustavo R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Xavier
authors.affiliation: Centre for Rhizobium Studies, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch 6150, Western Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: Graham
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: O'Hara
authors.affiliation: Centre for Rhizobium Studies, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch 6150, Western Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: Julie K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Ardley
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Agrobiologia, Rodovia BR 465 km 07, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro 23891-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Norma G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Rumjanek
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology (WE10), Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Willems
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Agrobiologia, Rodovia BR 465 km 07, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro 23891-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jerri E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Zilli
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D020369:Bradyrhizobium / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001938:Brazil; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000382:microbiology*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009586:Nitrogen Fixation; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D053204:Root Nodules, Plant / Q000382:microbiology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013559:Symbiosis
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S