title: A multicenter randomized double-blind prospective study of the postoperative patient controlled intravenous analgesia effects of dezocine in elderly patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The postoperative PCIA effects of dezocine in elderly patients were determined using a large multicenter randomized double-blind prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 279 patients were randomized into four groups: (1) Control group (C): 2 μg/kg sufentanil plus 10 mg metoclopramide. (2) Dezocine group 1 (D1): 1 μg/kg sufentanil plus 0.1 mg/kg dezocine plus 10 mg metoclopramide. (3) Dezocine group 2 (D2): 1 μg/kg sufentanil plus 0.2 mg/kg dezocine plus 10 mg metoclopramide. (4) Dezocine group 3 (D3): 1 μg/kg sufentanil plus 0.3 mg/kg dezocine plus 10 mg metoclopramide. The index during operation including MAP, HR, SpO2, ETCO2, CVP, and BIS were determined. Analgesia effects including HR, MAP, RR, SpO2, pressing times of PCA demand, pressing times of PCR delivery, total amount of drug, additional sufentanil, VAS at rest and during moving, Ramsay sedation score, and BCS were repeated measured 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 24 h, and 48 h after surgery. Overall satisfaction index and the side-effects including nausea, urinary retention, skin pruritus and respiratory depression were evaluated 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 24 h, and 48 h after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dezocine combining with sufentanil is complement for sufentanil in PCIA at least in its analgesia effects after surgery. Dezocine at a dosage of 0.1 mg/kg or 0.2 mg/kg combining with sufentanil (1 μg/kg) has limited side effects as sufentanil (2 μg/kg) in PCIA. Sufentanil (1 μg/kg) combining Dezocine at a dosage of 0.1 mg/kg or 0.2 mg/kg is better than combining Dezocine at a dosage of 0.3 mg/kg in PCIA at least in Overall satisfaction index.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dezocine combining with sufentanil is a complement drug for sufentanil in PCIA. Considering the side effects and overall satisfaction index, 0.1 mg/kg seems to be an ideal dosage for Dezocine using in the postoperative PCIA in elderly patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Huangpu Hospital Shanghai 200002, China.
authors.forename: Chunying
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital Shanghai 201200, China.
authors.forename: Lizhi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: No. 3 People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 201999, China.
authors.forename: Boxiong
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Qingpu District Center Hospital Shanghai 201700, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Shuguang Hospital Shanghai 200021, China.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Jiading District Center Hospital Shanghai 201800, China.
authors.forename: Dongping
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Jinshan District Center Hospital Shanghai 201500, China.
authors.forename: Junfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Yangpu District Center Hospital Shanghai 200090, China.
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Dahua Hospital of Shanghai Xuhui District Hospital Shanghai 200237, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
keywords: Dezocine; analgesia; elderly; postoperative; sufentanil
references.citation: Indian J Pharmacol. 2013 Nov-Dec;45(6):619-21
references.pmid: 24347773
references.citation: Lancet. 2013 Nov 9;382(9904):1575-86
references.pmid: 23993280
references.citation: Metabolism. 2013 Oct;62(10):1341-9
references.pmid: 23831443
references.citation: Life Sci. 1993;52(4):389-96
references.pmid: 8093631
references.citation: Anesthesiology. 2014 Mar;120(3):714-23
references.pmid: 24263237
references.citation: Drugs. 1989 Aug;38(2):226-48
references.pmid: 2670517
references.citation: J Biomed Res. 2011 Sep;25(5):356-61
references.pmid: 23554711
references.citation: Clin Interv Aging. 2013;8:931-43
references.pmid: 23888110
references.citation: N Z Med J. 2013 Nov 01;126(1385):62-70
references.pmid: 24217592
references.citation: Hum Genet. 2013 Dec;132(12):1323-38
references.pmid: 23925498
references.citation: J Clin Pharmacol. 1995 Apr;35(4):398-403
references.pmid: 7650230
references.citation: J Anesth. 2011 Dec;25(6):860-3
references.pmid: 21935685
references.citation: J Clin Anesth. 1995 Sep;7(6):481-5
references.pmid: 8534465
references.citation: Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1996 Aug;60(2):206-17
references.pmid: 8823239
references.citation: JAMA. 2013 Nov 13;310(18):1947-63
references.pmid: 24219951
references.citation: Can J Psychiatry. 2013 Aug;58(8):442-8
references.pmid: 23972105
references.citation: J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1997 Dec;283(3):1009-17
references.pmid: 9399970
references.citation: Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2013 Jul;26(4):343-8
references.pmid: 23689545
references.citation: J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Jul;310(1):150-8
references.pmid: 15044559
references.citation: Anesth Analg. 1993 Sep;77(3):533-9
references.pmid: 8368552
references.citation: Lancet. 2013 Nov 9;382(9904):1564-74
references.pmid: 23993281