title: Frequency of deep vein thrombosis among hospitalized non-surgical Japanese patients with congestive heart failure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Congestive heart failure (CHF) is one of the risk factors for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) according to the Japanese guidelines for DVT treatment and prevention. The purpose of this study is to estimate the frequency of DVT among hospitalized CHF patients, since there have been only limited DVT data in Japanese CHF patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients enrolled in the study were with risk factors for DVT listed in the guidelines as well as with acute exacerbation of CHF, bed rest for at least 4 days, and aged 60 or above. Patients treated by physical prophylaxis or anti-platelet medication were included, while patients treated by any anticoagulant medicines were excluded. Patients with surgery or injury within 3 months before the hospitalization or diagnosed clinically or with obvious past history as having DVT at hospitalization were excluded. The presence of DVT in the eligible patients was determined by ultrasonography and the images were evaluated by an independent central evaluation committee.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-four patients were enrolled in the study including 19 males and 25 females. The mean age was 79.0±10.6 years, and the mean duration of bed rest was 8.9±3.2 days. Out of these 44 patients, DVT was detected in 15 (34%) patients. Eight patients were on treatment with physical prophylaxis but DVT was still detected in two patients. Furthermore, 12 out of the rest of the patients were treated by anti-platelet agents and were still with DVT in 3 patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When evaluated ultrasonographically, the frequency of DVT in hospitalized non-surgical Japanese patients with CHF was approximately 35%. DVT occurred in 25% of patients treated by physical prophylaxis or anti-platelet agents. The results suggest that Japanese hospitalized patients with CHF have a high risk of DVT and thus can be recognized to have potential benefit by preventing and treating DVT according to the guidelines.
authors.affiliation: Matsuo Vascular Ultrasound Laboratory, Matsuo Clinic, Suita, Osaka, Japan. Electronic address: hiro-matu@fan.hi-ho.ne.jp.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan; Department of Internal Medicine, Sakado Central Hospital, Sakado, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Disease Center, Fukushima Daiichi Hospital, Fukushima, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tazaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Doi
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan.
authors.forename: Norikazu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Takarazuka Municipal Hospital, Takarazuka, Hyogo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koide
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Surgery, Yokohama Minami Kyosai Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.affiliation: Development & Medical Affairs Division, GlaxoSmithKline K.K., Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Development & Medical Affairs Division, GlaxoSmithKline K.K., Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sarai
authors.affiliation: Development & Medical Affairs Division, GlaxoSmithKline K.K., Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakajima
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
keywords: Congestive heart failure; Deep vein thrombosis; Epidemiology; Venous thromboembolism