title: Influence of hormonal parameters, bone mineral density and bone turnover on fracture risk in healthy male adolescents: a case control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess possible associations between potential risk factors for fractures and their occurrence in otherwise healthy Greek male adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 63 male adolescents participated in the study, 21 males with a history of at least one fracture and 42 healthy male controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Each participant was assessed for physical and pubertal status, hormonal profile, bone mineral density, bone turnover indices, and dietary habits.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The lower bone mineral density-z scores and increasing testosterone and serum collagen type 1 cross-linked C-telopeptide levels were related to fracture risk, whereas increased insulin-like growth factor-1, soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (factor-κB) ligand, and soluble receptor activator of nuclear factors-κB ligand/osteoprotegerin levels were protective for fractures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings indicate a potential 'added value' of hormonal parameters and bone markers to bone mineral density for evaluating fracture risk in healthy male adolescents.
authors.forename: Maria A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Papaefthymiou
authors.forename: Chryssa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bakoula
authors.forename: Aikaterini
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sarra
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Papassotiriou
authors.forename: George P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Chrousos
authors.forename: Flora
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bacopoulou
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015519:Bone Density; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D010455:Peptides; C052929:collagen type I trimeric cross-linked peptide