Anti-inflammatory effect of tanshinone I in neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in the gerbil hippocampus.
Tanshinone I (TsI) is an important lipophilic diterpene extracted from Danshen (Radix Salvia miltiorrhizae) and has been used in Asia for the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases such as ischemic stroke. In this study, we examined the neuroprotective effect of TsI against ischemic damage and its neuroprotective mechanism in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) induced by 5 min of transient global cerebral ischemia. Pre-treatment with TsI protected pyramidal neurons from ischemic damage in the stratum pyramidale (SP) of the CA1 after ischemia-reperfusion. The pre-treatment with TsI increased the immunoreactivities and protein levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13] in the TsI-treated-sham-operated-groups compared with those in the vehicle-treated-sham-operated-groups; however, the treatment did not increase the immunoreactivities and protein levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2 and tumor necrosis factor-α). On the other hand, in the TsI-treated-ischemia-operated-groups, the immunoreactivities and protein levels of all the cytokines were maintained in the SP of the CA1 after transient cerebral ischemia. In addition, we examined that IL-4 injection into the lateral ventricle did not protect pyramidal neurons from ischemic damage. In conclusion, these findings indicate that the pre-treatment with TsI can protect against ischemia-induced neuronal death in the CA1 via the increase or maintenance of endogenous inflammatory cytokines, and exogenous IL-4 does not protect against ischemic damage.
Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, South Korea.
Joon Ha
JH
Park
Ok kyu
Ok
Park
Jeong-Hwi
JH
Cho
Bai Hui
BH
Chen
In Hye
IH
Kim
Ji Hyeon
JH
Ahn
Jae-Chul
JC
Lee
Bing Chun
BC
Yan
Ki-Yeon
KY
Yoo
Choong Hyun
CH
Lee
In Koo
IK
Hwang
Seung-Hae
SH
Kwon
Yun Lyul
YL
Lee
Moo-Ho
MH
Won
Jung Hoon
JH
Choi
D045784:Abietanes / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005849:Gerbillinae; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D045784:Abietanes; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; C021751:tanshinone