Characterization of liquid and solid product from pyrolysis of Pongamia glabra deoiled cake.
In the present study, a new feedstock, Pongamia glabra deoiled cake (PGDC), is reported for pyrolysis. Experiments were conducted in a laboratory scale fixed-bed pyrolyzer at temperatures ranging from 350 to 600°C with varying heating rates of 10, 20, 40°C/min in nitrogen atmosphere. The highest liquid yield of 30.60% was observed at 500°C with heating rate of 40°Cmin(-1). The biochar obtained had a porous structure and was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy along with elemental analysis. The representative bio-oil sample was characterized by CHN analyzer, GC-MS, NMR and FTIR spectroscopy. The bio-oil has a calorific value of 28.19MJ/kg and contains a higher amount of aliphatic compounds. The present investigation suggests that within the realm of biomass energy conversion technologies the PGDC can be used as a feedstock for pyrolysis conversion, thereby serving the demand of second generation biofuels.
Department of Energy, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India.
Rahul Singh
RS
Chutia
Department of Energy, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India. Electronic address: rupam@tezu.ernet.in.
Rupam
R
Kataki
Bio-Fuels Division (BFD), CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun 248005, Uttarakhand, India.
Thallada
T
Bhaskar
D056804:Biofuels; D002606:Charcoal; D057168:Distillation; D004602:Elements; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D005740:Gases / Q000032:analysis; D009821:Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D010578:Petroleum / Q000032:analysis; D052596:Pongamia / Q000737:chemistry*; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D013696:Temperature
D056804:Biofuels; D004602:Elements; D005740:Gases; D009821:Oils; D010578:Petroleum; C540010:biochar; D002606:Charcoal
Bio-oil; Deoiled cake; Pongamia glabra; Pyrolysis