Impact of wheat-Leymus racemosus added chromosomes on wheat adaptation and tolerance to heat stress.
Adaptation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to high temperatures could be improved by introducing alien genes from wild relatives. We evaluated the responses of wheat-Leymus racemosus chromosome introgression lines to high temperature to determine their potentiality for developing improved wheat cultivars. Introgression lines and their parent Chinese Spring were evaluated in a growth chamber at the seedling stage and in the field at the reproductive stage in two heat-stressed environments in Sudan. Optimum and late planting were used to ensure exposure of the plants to heat stress at the reproductive stage. The results revealed the impact of several Leymus chromosomes in improving wheat adaptation and tolerance to heat. Three lines possessed enhanced adaptation, whereas two showed high heat tolerance. Two addition lines showed a large number of kernels per spike, while one possessed high yield potential. Grain yield was correlated negatively with the heat susceptibility index, days to heading and maturity and positively with kernel number per spike and triphenyl tetrazolium chloride assay under late planting. The findings suggest that these genetic stocks could be used as a bridge to introduce the valuable Leymus traits into a superior wheat genetic background, thus helping maximize wheat yield in heat-stressed environments.
Tottori University, Arid Land Research Center , 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori 680-0001 , Japan.
Yasir Serag Alnor
YS
Mohammed
Wheat Research Program, Agricultural Research Corporation , P.O. Box: 26 Wad Medani , Sudan.
Izzat Sidahmed Ali
IS
Tahir
Biotechnology and Biosafety Research Center, Agricultural Research Corporation , P.O. Box: 30 Shambat, Khartoum North , Sudan.
Nasrein Mohamed
NM
Kamal
Tottori University, Arid Land Research Center , 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori 680-0001 , Japan.
Amin Elsadig
AE
Eltayeb
Biotechnology and Biosafety Research Center, Agricultural Research Corporation , P.O. Box: 30 Shambat, Khartoum North , Sudan ; Plant Breeding and Genetics Laboratory, FAO/IAEA Joint Division, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) , Sibersdorf , Austria.
Abdelbagi Mukhtar
AM
Ali
Tottori University, Arid Land Research Center , 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori 680-0001 , Japan.
Hisashi
H
Tsujimoto
Leymus racemosus; chromosome introgression line; heat stress; wheat