Up-to-date approach to manage keloids and hypertrophic scars: a useful guide.
Keloids and hypertrophic scars occur anywhere from 30 to 90% of patients, and are characterized by pathologically excessive dermal fibrosis and aberrant wound healing. Both entities have different clinical and histochemical characteristics, and unfortunately still represent a great challenge for clinicians due to lack of efficacious treatments. Current advances in molecular biology and genetics reveal new preventive and therapeutical options which represent a hope to manage this highly prevalent, chronic and disabling problem, with long-term beneficial outcomes and improvement of quality of life. While we wait for these translational clinical products to be marketed, however, it is imperative to know the basics of the currently existing wide array of strategies to deal with excessive scars: from the classical corticotherapy, to the most recent botulinum toxin and lasers. The main aim of this review paper is to offer a useful up-to-date guideline to prevent and treat keloids and hypertrophic scars.
Ross Tilley Burn Centre and Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Plastic Surgery Department and Burn Unit, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Anna I
AI
Arno
Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany.
Gerd G
GG
Gauglitz
Plastic Surgery Department and Burn Unit, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Juan P
JP
Barret
Ross Tilley Burn Centre and Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: marc.jeschke@sunnybrook.ca.
Marc G
MG
Jeschke
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000634:Aminoquinolines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017439:Cicatrix, Hypertrophic / Q000628:therapy*; D017679:Cryotherapy / Q000379:methods; D019468:Disease Management; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D000077271:Imiquimod; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D007372:Interferons / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007627:Keloid / Q000628:therapy*; D054025:Lasers, Dye / Q000627:therapeutic use; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy / Q000379:methods; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D062367:ortho-Aminobenzoates / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000634:Aminoquinolines; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D062367:ortho-Aminobenzoates; D001761:Bleomycin; D007372:Interferons; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A; C012293:tranilast; D000077271:Imiquimod; D005472:Fluorouracil
Corticoids; Criotherapy; Keloid; Laser; Review; Scar