Maternal supplementation with n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids during perinatal period alleviates the metabolic syndrome disturbances in adult hamster pups fed a high-fat diet after weaning.
Perinatal nutrition is thought to affect the long-term risk of the adult to develop metabolic syndrome. We hypothesized that maternal supplementation with eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid during pregnancy and lactation would protect offspring fed a high-fat diet from developing metabolic disturbances. Thus, two groups of female hamsters were fed a low-fat control diet, either alone (LC) or enriched with n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) (LO), through the gestational and lactation periods. After weaning, male pups were randomized to separate groups that received either a control low-fat diet (LC) or a high-fat diet (HC) for 16 weeks. Four groups of pups were defined (LC-LC, LC-HC, LO-LC and LO-HC), based on the combinations of maternal and weaned diets. Maternal n-3 LC-PUFA supplementation was associated with reduced levels of basal plasma glucose, hepatic triglycerides secretion and postprandial lipemia in the LO-HC group compared to the LC-HC group. Respiratory parameters were not affected by maternal supplementation. In contrast, n-3 LC-PUFA supplementation significantly enhanced the activities of citrate synthase, isocitrate dehydrogenase and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase compared to the offspring of unsupplemented mothers. Sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c, diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2, fatty acid synthase, stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 and tumor necrosis factor α expression levels were not affected by n-3 LC-PUFA supplementation. These results provide evidence for a beneficial effect of n-3 LC-PUFA maternal supplementation in hamsters on the subsequent risk of metabolic syndrome. Underlying mechanisms may include improved lipid metabolism and activation of the mitochondrial oxidative pathway.
INRA, UMR 1280, Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, F-44 000 Nantes, France; LUNAM Université, Oniris, National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nutrition and Endocrinology Unit, F-44307 Nantes, France; CRNH, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, F-44093 Nantes, France.
Fatima
F
Kasbi-Chadli
INRA, UMR 1280, Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, F-44 000 Nantes, France; CRNH, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, F-44093 Nantes, France.
Clair-Yves
CY
Boquien
NSERM U1063, Institut de Biologie en Santé - IBS - IRIS, Rue des Capucins, 49045 Angers, France.
Gilles
G
Simard
LUNAM Université, EA 2160, Mer Molécules Santé, IUT Département Génie Biologique, F-53020 Laval, France.
Lionel
L
Ulmann
LUNAM Université, EA 2160, Mer Molécules Santé, IUT Département Génie Biologique, F-53020 Laval, France.
Virginie
V
Mimouni
LUNAM Université, Oniris, National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nutrition and Endocrinology Unit, F-44307 Nantes, France; CRNH, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, F-44093 Nantes, France.
Véronique
V
Leray
INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44316 Nantes, France.
Anne
A
Meynier
INRA, UMR 1280, Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, F-44 000 Nantes, France; CRNH, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, F-44093 Nantes, France.
Véronique
V
Ferchaud-Roucher
INRA, UMR 1280, Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, F-44 000 Nantes, France; CRNH, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, F-44093 Nantes, France.
Martine
M
Champ
LUNAM Université, Oniris, National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nutrition and Endocrinology Unit, F-44307 Nantes, France; CRNH, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, F-44093 Nantes, France.
Patrick
P
Nguyen
INRA, UMR 1280, Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, F-44 000 Nantes, France; CRNH, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, F-44093 Nantes, France. Electronic address: Khadija.Ouguerram@univ-nantes.fr.
Khadija
K
Ouguerram
D000818:Animals; D006224:Cricetinae; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D007774:Lactation; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000187:drug effects; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism; D014886:Weaning
D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D014280:Triglycerides; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid
Hamster; Metabolic syndrome; Mitochondrial function; Perinatal nutrition; n-3 LC-PUFA