Helicobacter pylori infection and diabetes: is it a myth or fact?
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the most common human bacterial pathogens, and infection causes a wide array of gastric disorders, including simple gastritis, peptic ulcers and gastric malignancies. Gastrointestinal inflammation caused by H. pylori can influence the absorption of glucose and lipids, which are also abnormal in diabetes mellitus. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), formerly known as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or adult-onset diabetes, is a metabolic disorder that is characterized by high levels of blood glucose resulting from insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. It is an emerging pandemic and is rapidly becoming a serious threat to public health. Emerging data now indicate a strong relationship between H. pylori infection and the incidence of T2DM. The mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of diabetes are complex, involving insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, insulin secretion deficiency as a result of pancreas β-cell dysfunction, glucotoxicity, and lipotoxicity. H. pylori infection is known to be involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, and the growing awareness of its role in diabetes is important for the early detection of glucose dysregulation and prevention of T2DM in high-risk communities. This review probes the possible relationship between H. pylori and diabetes according to epidemiological surveys and discusses putative mechanisms underlying this correlation.
Cong He, Zhen Yang, Nong-Hua Lu, Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.
Cong
C
He
Cong He, Zhen Yang, Nong-Hua Lu, Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.
Zhen
Z
Yang
Cong He, Zhen Yang, Nong-Hua Lu, Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.
Nong-Hua
NH
Lu
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000187:drug effects / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D007328:Insulin
Cytokines; Helicobacter pylori; Inflammation; Insulin resistance; Type 2 diabetes