Differential proteomic analysis of grapevine leaves by iTRAQ reveals responses to heat stress and subsequent recovery.
BACKGROUND
High temperature is a major environmental factor limiting grape yield and affecting berry quality. Thermotolerance includes the direct response to heat stress and the ability to recover from heat stress. To better understand the mechanism of the thermotolerance of Vitis, we combined a physiological analysis with iTRAQ-based proteomics of Vitis vinifera cv Cabernet Sauvignon, subjected to 43°C for 6 h, and then followed by recovery at 25/18°C.


RESULTS
High temperature increased the concentrations of TBARS and inhibited electronic transport in photosynthesis apparatus, indicating that grape leaves were damaged by heat stress. However, these physiological changes rapidly returned to control levels during the subsequent recovery phase from heat stress. One hundred and seventy-four proteins were differentially expressed under heat stress and/or during the recovery phase, in comparison to unstressed controls, respectively. Stress and recovery conditions shared 42 proteins, while 113 and 103 proteins were respectively identified under heat stress and recovery conditions alone. Based on MapMan ontology, functional categories for these dysregulated proteins included mainly photosynthesis (about 20%), proteins (13%), and stress (8%). The subcellular localization using TargetP showed most proteins were located in the chloroplasts (34%), secretory pathways (8%) and mitochondrion (3%).


CONCLUSIONS
On the basis of these findings, we proposed that some proteins related to electron transport chain of photosynthesis, antioxidant enzymes, HSPs and other stress response proteins, and glycolysis may play key roles in enhancing grapevine adaptation to and recovery capacity from heat stress. These results provide a better understanding of the proteins involved in, and mechanisms of thermotolerance in grapevines.
Guo-Tian
GT
Liu
Ling
L
Ma
Wei
W
Duan
Bai-Chen
BC
Wang
Ji-Hu
JH
Li
Hong-Guo
HG
Xu
Xue-Qing
XQ
Yan
Bo-Fang
BF
Yan
Shao-Hua
SH
Li
Key laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, P, R,, China. ljwang@ibcas.ac.cn.
Li-Jun
LJ
Wang
D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D004579:Electron Transport; D063990:Gene Ontology; D018869:Heat-Shock Response; D007553:Isotope Labeling / Q000379:methods*; D010788:Photosynthesis; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism; D021381:Protein Transport; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism; D013696:Temperature; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D027843:Vitis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex; D010940:Plant Proteins; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances