Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association.
The aim of this updated guideline is to provide comprehensive and timely evidence-based recommendations on the prevention of future stroke among survivors of ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. The guideline is addressed to all clinicians who manage secondary prevention for these patients. Evidence-based recommendations are provided for control of risk factors, intervention for vascular obstruction, antithrombotic therapy for cardioembolism, and antiplatelet therapy for noncardioembolic stroke. Recommendations are also provided for the prevention of recurrent stroke in a variety of specific circumstances, including aortic arch atherosclerosis, arterial dissection, patent foramen ovale, hyperhomocysteinemia, hypercoagulable states, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, sickle cell disease, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, and pregnancy. Special sections address use of antithrombotic and anticoagulation therapy after an intracranial hemorrhage and implementation of guidelines.
Walter N
WN
Kernan
Bruce
B
Ovbiagele
Henry R
HR
Black
Dawn M
DM
Bravata
Marc I
MI
Chimowitz
Michael D
MD
Ezekowitz
Margaret C
MC
Fang
Marc
M
Fisher
Karen L
KL
Furie
Donald V
DV
Heck
S Claiborne Clay
SC
Johnston
Scott E
SE
Kasner
Steven J
SJ
Kittner
Pamela H
PH
Mitchell
Michael W
MW
Rich
DeJuran
D
Richardson
Lee H
LH
Schwamm
John A
JA
Wilson
D000572:American Heart Association; D006801:Humans; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012955:Societies, Medical; D020521:Stroke / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014481:United States
AHA Scientific Statements; atrial fibrillation; carotid stenosis; hypertension; ischemia; ischemic attack, transient; prevention; stroke