The mirror mechanism: recent findings and perspectives.
Mirror neurons are a specific type of visuomotor neuron that discharge both when a monkey executes a motor act and when it observes a similar motor act performed by another individual. In this article, we review first the basic properties of these neurons. We then describe visual features recently investigated which indicate that, besides encoding the goal of motor acts, mirror neurons are modulated by location in space of the observed motor acts, by the perspective from which the others' motor acts are seen, and by the value associated with the object on which others' motor acts are performed. In the last part of this article, we discuss the role of the mirror mechanism in planning actions and in understanding the intention underlying the others' motor acts. We also review some human studies suggesting that motor intention in humans may rely, as in the monkey, on the mirror mechanism.
Department of Neuroscience, University of Parma, , via Volturno 39/E, Parma 43100, Italy.
Giacomo
G
Rizzolatti
Leonardo
L
Fogassi
D000818:Animals; D004525:Efferent Pathways / Q000502:physiology*; D000882:Haplorhini; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D059167:Mirror Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D011712:Pyramidal Tracts / Q000502:physiology*; D013045:Species Specificity
motor act; motor intention understanding; space-selective mirror neurons; subjective value; view-selective mirror neurons