Occupational injuries and fatalities in a tanzanite mine: Need to improve workers safety in Tanzania.
BACKGROUND
Work related injuries are common, and the mining industry accounts for a significant proportion of these injuries. Tanzania is among the countries with high rates of mining injuries, nevertheless pre-hospital care is almost non existant and health care service deliveries are poor. This study sought to identify factors associated with injuries and fatalities among miners in Mererani, Tanzania.


METHODS
A Cross - Sectional study of miners who sustained injuries and seen at Mererani health centre between January 2009 and May 2012.


RESULTS
In the selected period 248 injury patients were seen. All were males, and 54% were between 18 - 30 years age-group. Almost all (98.7%) didn't use protective gears at work, and worked for more than 12 hours daily. Falling rocks were the leading cause of injury (18.2%), and majority sustained multiple injuries (33%). Of the patients seen, 41.3% died. The following were more likely to die than others; Primary education (p = 0.04), Less than 5 years work experience (p = 0.000), unintentional injuries (p = 0.000), fall injuries (p = 0.000) and sustaining multiple injuries (p = 0.000).


CONCLUSIONS
The burden of injuries and fatalities demonstrated in this study, point to the need for implementation and monitoring of the use of safety equipment and operating procedures of the mines by government and other regulatory authorities. Initiation of pre hospital care at the mines and improved emergency medical service delivery at health centers in Tanzania.
Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute (MOI), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania ; Injury Control Centre Tanzania (ICCT) ; Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Respicious
R
Boniface
Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute (MOI), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania ; Injury Control Centre Tanzania (ICCT) ; Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Lawrence
L
Museru
Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute (MOI), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania ; Injury Control Centre Tanzania (ICCT).
Victoria
V
Munthali
Canadian Network for International Surgery, Vancouver, Canada ; Surgery Department, McGill University of British Columbia.
Ronald
R
Lett
D000062:Accidents, Occupational / Q000401:mortality*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008903:Minerals; D008906:Mining / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D060051:Occupational Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology*; D058996:Quality Improvement; D012449:Safety / Q000592:standards; D013636:Tanzania / Q000453:epidemiology; D017132:Workplace / Q000592:standards; D055815:Young Adult
D008903:Minerals
Injuries; Mererani; Tanzania; mine workers