Clinical, morphological, and molecular characterization of Penicillium canis sp. nov., isolated from a dog with osteomyelitis.
Infections caused by Penicillium species are rare in dogs, and the prognosis in these cases is poor. An unknown species of Penicillium was isolated from a bone lesion in a young dog with osteomyelitis of the right ilium. Extensive diagnostic evaluation did not reveal evidence of dissemination. Resolution of lameness and clinical stability of disease were achieved with intravenous phospholipid-complexed amphotericin B initially, followed by long-term combination therapy with terbinafine and ketoconazole. A detailed morphological and molecular characterization of the mold was undertaken. Sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer revealed the isolate to be closely related to Penicillium menonorum and Penicillium pimiteouiense. Additional sequence analysis of β-tubulin, calmodulin, minichromosome maintenance factor, DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and pre-rRNA processing protein revealed the isolate to be a novel species; the name Penicillium canis sp. nov. is proposed. Morphologically, smooth, ovoid conidia, a greenish gray colony color, slow growth on all media, and a failure to form ascomata distinguish this species from closely related Penicillium species.
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, USA langlo21@cvm.msu.edu stephen.peterson@ars.usda.gov.
Daniel K
DK
Langlois
Fungus Testing Laboratory, Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
Deanna A
DA
Sutton
Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Diagnostic Center for Population and Animal Health, Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.
Cheryl L
CL
Swenson
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.
Chris J
CJ
Bailey
Fungus Testing Laboratory, Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
Nathan P
NP
Wiederhold
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.
Nathan C
NC
Nelson
Fungus Testing Laboratory, Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
Elizabeth H
EH
Thompson
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
Brian L
BL
Wickes
Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Diagnostic Center for Population and Animal Health, Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.
Stephanie
S
French
Fungus Testing Laboratory, Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
Jianmin
J
Fu
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.
Paulo
P
Vilar-Saavedra
Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens and Mycology Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Peoria, Illinois, USA langlo21@cvm.msu.edu stephen.peterson@ars.usda.gov.
Stephen W
SW
Peterson
D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D007654:Ketoconazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D010407:Penicillium / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011860:Radiography, Abdominal; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D000077291:Terbinafine; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D009281:Naphthalenes; C068538:liposomal amphotericin B; D000666:Amphotericin B; D000077291:Terbinafine; D007654:Ketoconazole