From airway inflammation to inflammatory bowel disease: eotaxin-1, a key regulator of intestinal inflammation.
Eotaxin-1 (CCL-11) is a potent eosinophil chemoattractant that is considered a major contributor to tissue eosinophilia. Elevated eotaxin-1 levels have been described in various pathologic conditions, ranging from airway inflammation, to Hodgkin lymphoma, obesity and coronary artery disease. The main receptor for eotaxin-1 is CCR3; however, recent evidence indicates that eotaxin-1 may also bind to other receptors expressed by various cell types, suggesting a more widespread regulatory role for eotaxin-1 beyond the recruitment of eosinophils. Eotaxin-1 is also strongly associated with various gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. Although the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is still unknown, eotaxin-1 may play a key role in the development of mucosal inflammation. In this review, we summarize the biological context and effects of eotaxin-1, as well as its potential role as a therapeutic target, with a special focus on gastrointestinal inflammation.
Digestive Disease Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, affiliated with the Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel. Electronic address: adartom@szmc.org.il.
Tomer
T
Adar
Digestive Disease Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, affiliated with the Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
Shimon
S
Shteingart
Digestive Disease Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, affiliated with the Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
Ami
A
Ben Ya'acov
Digestive Disease Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, affiliated with the Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
Ariella
A
Bar-Gil Shitrit
Digestive Disease Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, affiliated with the Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
Eran
E
Goldin
D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D054413:Chemokine CCL11 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D054388:Receptors, CCR / Q000378:metabolism; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D054413:Chemokine CCL11; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D054388:Receptors, CCR
Eosinophil; Eotaxin; Immune system; Inflammatory bowel disease