Pharmacokinetics of iso-α-acids in volunteers following the consumption of beer.
Hop-derived iso-α-acid (IAA) ingredient congeners are specific to beer. Concentrations of IAAs were determined in blood of five volunteers over 6 h following the consumption of small volumes of beer containing relatively high (Pale Ale beer) or low (wheat beer) concentrations of IAAs. IAAs were quickly absorbed with peak trans-IAA concentrations at 0.5 h followed by a drop of generally 10-fold at 2 h and low or not detectable trans-IAA levels at 6 h. However, the qualitative monitoring showed that the cis-IAAs were detected at all time-points. Preliminary pharmacokinetics of these compounds in humans shows relatively small interindividual differences and an estimated short half-life of ∼30 min. Comparison of 0.5 and 2 h blood specimens demonstrated that the trans isomers were eliminated faster than the cis counterparts. Preliminary urine analysis showed only unmodified 'co' analytes detectable throughout the 6 h. In authentic forensic casework where typically large amounts of conventionally hopped beer are consumed, this approach may provide a novel method to target ingredient congeners consistent with beer ingestion.
Department of Forensic Medicine, Monash University, 57-83 Kavanagh Street, Southbank, VIC 3006, Australia Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Southbank, VIC 3006, Australia.
Luke N
LN
Rodda
Department of Forensic Medicine, Monash University, 57-83 Kavanagh Street, Southbank, VIC 3006, Australia Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Southbank, VIC 3006, Australia.
Dimitri
D
Gerostamoulos
Department of Forensic Medicine, Monash University, 57-83 Kavanagh Street, Southbank, VIC 3006, Australia Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Southbank, VIC 3006, Australia olaf.drummer@monash.edu.
Olaf H
OH
Drummer
D000328:Adult; D001515:Beer / Q000032:analysis*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D053138:Cyclohexenes / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine*; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D027582:Humulus / Q000737:chemistry*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008297:Male; D015394:Molecular Structure; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D013729:Terpenes / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine*
D053138:Cyclohexenes; D013729:Terpenes; C007966:humulon