Determination of PDE-5 inhibitors and appetite suppressants in adulterated dietary supplements using LC/PDA and LC/MS.
There have been a number of reports of dietary supplements contaminated with illegal adulterants that threaten consumers' health because of their adverse pharmacological effects. In the present study, a convenient and economic method was developed to detect illegal pharmaceutics, such as PDE-5 inhibitor and appetite suppressants, using liquid chromatography (LC)/photodiode array (PDA) for screening and LC/mass spectrometry (MS) for successive confirmation. Target peaks were identified by comparison of their chromatographic retention times and PDA spectra with those of synthetic standards and finally confirmed by LC/MS. As a result, tadalafil, a PDE-5 inhibitor, and N-desmethylsibutramine, a derivative of sibutramine, were detected in various dietary supplements at concentrations of 13.5-21.9 mg and 3.0 mg per single dose, respectively. The present study will contribute to the development of an analytical method enabling rapid screening of a variety of health foods, and the result suggests that consumers should be aware of serious health risks related to these illegal compounds.
a College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University , Seoul , Republic of Korea.
So-ra
SR
Park
Jin Gyun
JG
Lee
Si Hun
SH
Roh
Gyudong
G
Kim
Chan Hyeok
CH
Kwon
Hee Ra
HR
Park
Ki Sung
KS
Kwon
Deukjoon
D
Kim
Sung Won
SW
Kwon
D000728:Androgens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics; D001067:Appetite Depressants / Q000032:analysis*; D002243:Carbolines / Q000032:analysis; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003503:Cyclobutanes / Q000032:analysis; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis* / Q000191:economics; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D005506:Food Contamination; D005513:Food Inspection / Q000379:methods*; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics; D020407:Internet; D057230:Limit of Detection; D058573:Performance-Enhancing Substances / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics; D058986:Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors / Q000032:analysis*; D010783:Photometry; D056910:Republic of Korea; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D000068581:Tadalafil
D000728:Androgens; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D001067:Appetite Depressants; D002243:Carbolines; D003503:Cyclobutanes; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D058573:Performance-Enhancing Substances; D058986:Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors; D000068581:Tadalafil; C058254:sibutramine
LC-PDA; LC/MS; N-desmethylsibutramine; dietary supplements; sibutramine; sildenafil; tadalafil