Association between fat amount of dairy products with pulse wave velocity and carotid intima-media thickness in adults.
BACKGROUND
Examine the relation between consumption of low-fat vs. whole-fat dairy products with the carotid intima-media thickness and pulse wave velocity.


RESULTS



METHODS
Cross-sectional and multi-center study. A total of 265 subjects were selected by stratified random sampling.


METHODS
Information about dairy products was assessed using a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) was measured by carotid ultrasonography. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured using the SphygmoCor-System.


RESULTS
Subjects (age 55.8 ± 12.2) had mean values of IMT 0.68 ± 0.10 mm and PWV 7.60 ± 2.0 m/sec. The relationship between PWV and IMT with whole-fat and low-fat dairy intake groups, adjusted for age, sex, energy intake and other confounders revealed lower values of PWV in subjects with a consumption higher than 125 g/day of low-fat dairy and in those who did not intake whole-fat dairy. In a risk-factor adjusted regression model, an increase in PWV of 0.109 m/sec (95% CI: 0.006 -0.213) was estimated for every 100 g/day increase in whole-fat dairy intake. Similarly, a decrease in PWV of 0.101 m/sec (95% CI: -0.178 -0.023) was estimated for every 100 g/day increase in low-fat dairy intake, (p = 0.038 and p = 0.011 respectively). While for every 100 g/day increase in low-fat dairy intake, the estimate decrease of IMT was 0.005 mm (95% CI: -0.010 -0.001), p = 0.011.


CONCLUSIONS
PWV and IMT showed an inverse association with the intake of low-fat dairy and a positive association with the intake of whole-fat dairy, so the amount of fat in dairy products can play an important role in arterial stiffness and subclinical atherosclerosis.
La Alamedilla Health Centre, Castilla y León Health Service-SACYL, redIAPP, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain. donrecio@gmail.com.
Jose I
JI
Recio-Rodriguez
Manuel A
MA
Gomez-Marcos
Maria-C
MC
Patino-Alonso
Alvaro
A
Sanchez
Cristina
C
Agudo-Conde
Jose A
JA
Maderuelo-Fernandez
Luis
L
Garcia-Ortiz
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000209:etiology; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003611:Dairy Products / Q000032:analysis*; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D063177:Pulse Wave Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors