Prevalence of risk factors for stuttering among boys: analytical cross-sectional study.
OBJECTIVE
There have been few studies on the risk factors for subgroups of stuttering. The aim of this study was to characterize the risk factors for developmental familial stuttering among boys who stutter and who do not stutter, such as disfluency types, associated quality and communication factors, emotional and physical stress, familial attitudes and personal reactions.


METHODS
Analytical cross-sectional study with a control group, performed at the Fluency Studies Laboratory of the Department of Speech and Hearing Disorders of a public university.


METHODS
The parents of 40 age-matched stuttering and non-stuttering boys took part in this study. The participants were divided into two groups: stuttering children (SC) and non-stuttering children (NSC), with ages between 6 years 0 months and 11 years 11 months. Initially, all of the participants underwent a fluency assessment and then data were gathered using the Protocol for the Risk of Developmental Stuttering.


RESULTS
There were no differences in the physical stress distribution factors and personal reactions between the groups. Inappropriate familial attitudes were presented by 95% of the SC and 30% of the NSC. Four risk factors analyzed were not shown by the NSC, namely stuttering-like disfluency, quality factors, physical stress and emotional stresses.


CONCLUSIONS
The findings suggest that the presence of stuttering-like disfluency, associated quality and communication factors, emotional stress and inappropriate family attitudes are important risk factors for familial developmental stuttering among boys.
Department of Speech and Hearing Disorders, Postgraduate Program on Speech and Hearing Disorders, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil.
Cristiane Moço Canhetti
CM
Oliveira
Department of Speech and Hearing Disorders, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil.
Paula Roberta
PR
Nogueira
D001938:Brazil; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005195:Family Relations; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology; D012307:Risk Factors; D013068:Speech Production Measurement / Q000379:methods; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications; D013342:Stuttering / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology