Addition of chlorhexidine gluconate to a glass ionomer cement: a study on mechanical, physical and antibacterial properties.
The objective of this work was to determine the effect of different concentrations of chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) on setting time, surface hardness, maximum tensile bond strength and antibacterial activity of a glass ionomer cement (GIC). The material used as control was Ketac Molar Easymix GIC. CHX was incorporated into the GIC during its manipulation at concentrations of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0%. Antimicrobial activity against S. mutans and L. acidophilus was evaluated by means of agar diffusion test. Tensile bond strength data were analyzed statistically using Analysis of variance and Tukey's test. Setting time, Vickers hardness and agar diffusion test were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests at a significance level of 5%. It was observed that adding CHX at concentrations of 1% and 2% increased significantly the setting time of the material (p=0.012 and p=0.003, respectively). There was no significant difference between control and 0.5% CHX groups regarding the setting time. Addition of 2% CHX decreased significantly the surface hardness in relation to the control group (p=0.009), followed by the 1% CHX group (p=0.009). The tensile bond strength of the material also decreased significantly after adding CHX at a concentration of 2% (p=0.001). Addition of CHX promoted formation of an inhibition halo in both bacterial strains for all concentrations. The results showed that the best option for clinical use of GIC with CHX is at 0.5% concentration, since antibacterial activity increased and the physical-mechanical properties remained unchanged.
Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
Luana Mafra
LM
Marti
Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
Margareth
M
Da Mata
Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
Beatriz
B
Ferraz-Santos
Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
Elcilaine Rizzato
ER
Azevedo
Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
Elisa Maria Aparecida
EM
Giro
Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
Angela Cristina Cilense
AC
Zuanon
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D007779:Lactobacillus acidophilus / Q000187:drug effects; D008422:Materials Testing; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; C010882:chlorhexidine gluconate; D002710:Chlorhexidine