Comparative analysis of virulence and resistance profiles of Salmonella Enteritidis isolates from poultry meat and foodborne outbreaks in northern Jordan.
This study was conducted to isolate Salmonella Enteritidis from poultry samples and compare their virulence and antibiotic resistance profiles to S. Enteritidis isolated from outbreaks in northern Jordan. Two hundred presumptive isolates were obtained from 302 raw poultry samples and were subjected to further analysis and confirmation. A phylogenic tree based on 16S rRNA sequencing was constructed and selected isolates representing each cluster were further studied for their virulence in normal adult Swiss white mice. The most virulent strains were isolated from poultry samples and had an LD 50 of 1.55 × 10 (5) CFU, while some of the outbreak isolates were avirulent in mice. Antibiotic resistance profiling revealed that the isolates were resistant to seven of eight antibiotics screened with each isolate resistant to multiple antibiotics (from two to six). Of the poultry isolates, 100%, 88.9%, 77.8%, 66.7%, and 50% showed resistance to nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, ampicillin, cephalothin, and cefoperazone, respectively. Two outbreak isolates were sensitive to all tested antibiotics, while 71.4% were resistant to cefoperazone and only 28.6% showed resistance to nalidixic acid. Salmonella outbreak isolates were genetically related to poultry isolates as inferred from the 16S rRNA sequencing, yet were phenotypically different. Although outbreak strains were similar to poultry isolates, when tested in the mouse model, some of the outbreak isolates were highly virulent while others were avirulent. This might be due to a variation in susceptibility of the mouse to different S. Enteritidis isolates.
Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering; Jordan University of Science and Technology; Irbid, Jordan.
Ziad W
ZW
Jaradat
Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering; Jordan University of Science and Technology; Irbid, Jordan.
Leena
L
Abedel Hafiz
Department of Basic Veterinary Medical Sciences; Jordan University of Science and Technology; Irbid, Jordan.
Mustafa M
MM
Ababneh
Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering; Jordan University of Science and Technology; Irbid, Jordan; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics; Texas A&M University; College Station, TX USA.
Qotaibah O
QO
Ababneh
Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering; Jordan University of Science and Technology; Irbid, Jordan.
Waseem
W
Al Mousa
Department of Nutrition and Food Technology; Jordan University of Science and Technology; Irbid, Jordan.
Anas
A
Al-Nabulsi
Department of Nutrition and Food Technology; Jordan University of Science and Technology; Irbid, Jordan.
Tareq M
TM
Osaili
Department of Food Science; University of Manitoba; Winnipeg, MB Canada.
Richard
R
Holley
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005517:Foodborne Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007597:Jordan / Q000453:epidemiology; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008460:Meat / Q000382:microbiology*; D051379:Mice; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010802:Phylogeny; D011200:Poultry; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014774:Virulence; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D037521:Virulence Factors
LD50; PCR detection; SalmonellaEnteritidis; antimicrobial susceptibility; poultry; virulence