Type III interferon protects swine against foot-and-mouth disease.
In recent years, we have developed novel strategies to control foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), including the use of biotherapeutics such as interferons (IFN) delivered by a replication-defective human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5). Swine can be sterilely protected after vaccination with an Ad5 that encodes porcine type I IFN (poIFN-α), and cattle can be similarly protected or develop significantly reduced disease when treated with an Ad5 delivering bovine type III IFN (boIFN-λ3). Here, we have evaluated the efficacy of porcine IFN-λ3 (poIFN-λ3) against FMD virus in vivo. Swine inoculated with different doses of Ad5-poIFN-λ3 were protected against disease in a dose-dependent manner. Despite the absence of systemic antiviral activity, 7 out of 10 Ad5-poIFN-λ3 inoculated animals did not develop disease or viremia, and the other 3 inoculated animals displayed delayed and milder disease by 7 days postchallenge as compared with control animals inoculated with an Ad5 control vector. While analysis of gene expression showed significant induction of IFN and IFN-stimulated genes in Ad5-poIFN-λ3-treated cultured porcine epithelial kidney cells, there was limited gene induction in peripheral blood monocytes isolated from treated swine. These results suggest that treatment with Ad5-poIFN-λ3 is an effective biotherapeutic strategy against FMD in swine.
1 Plum Island Animal Disease Center , North Atlantic Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, New York.
Eva
E
Perez-Martin
Fayna
F
Diaz-San Segundo
Marcelo
M
Weiss
Diego F
DF
Sturza
Camila C
CC
Dias
Elizabeth
E
Ramirez-Medina
Marvin J
MJ
Grubman
Teresa
T
de los Santos
D000256:Adenoviridae; D000818:Animals; D001691:Biological Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005536:Foot-and-Mouth Disease / Q000517:prevention & control*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D007378:Interleukins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*
D007378:Interleukins