Human speech- and reading-related genes display partially overlapping expression patterns in the marmoset brain.
Language is a characteristic feature of human communication. Several familial language impairments have been identified, and candidate genes for language impairments already isolated. Studies comparing expression patterns of these genes in human brain are necessary to further understanding of these genes. However, it is difficult to examine gene expression in human brain. In this study, we used a non-human primate (common marmoset; Callithrix jacchus) as a biological model of the human brain to investigate expression patterns of human speech- and reading-related genes. Expression patterns of speech disorder- (FoxP2, FoxP1, CNTNAP2, and CMIP) and dyslexia- (ROBO1, DCDC2, and KIAA0319) related genes were analyzed. We found the genes displayed overlapping expression patterns in the ocular, auditory, and motor systems. Our results enhance understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying language impairments.
Laboratory for Symbolic Cognitive Development, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Laboratory for Biolinguistics, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Center for Advanced Research on Logic and Sensibility (CARLS), Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8345, Japan. Electronic address: makatou@brain.riken.jp.
Masaki
M
Kato
Laboratory for Biolinguistics, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
Kazuo
K
Okanoya
Laboratory for Symbolic Cognitive Development, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
Taku
T
Koike
Department of Applied Developmental Biology, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan; Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; KEIO-RIKEN Research Center for Human Cognition, Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8345, Japan.
Erika
E
Sasaki
Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; KEIO-RIKEN Research Center for Human Cognition, Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8345, Japan; Keio University Joint Research Laboratory, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
Hideyuki
H
Okano
KEIO-RIKEN Research Center for Human Cognition, Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8345, Japan; Center for Advanced Research on Logic and Sensibility (CARLS), Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8345, Japan.
Shigeru
S
Watanabe
Laboratory for Symbolic Cognitive Development, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; KEIO-RIKEN Research Center for Human Cognition, Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8345, Japan; Center for Advanced Research on Logic and Sensibility (CARLS), Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8345, Japan. Electronic address: iriki@brain.riken.jp.
Atsushi
A
Iriki
D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D002144:Callithrix / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004410:Dyslexia / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D007802:Language; D007806:Language Disorders / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D011932:Reading; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000235:genetics; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D013060:Speech / Q000502:physiology*; D013064:Speech Disorders / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000097905:Roundabout Proteins
D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D000097905:Roundabout Proteins; C403049:CNTNAP2 protein, human; C510451:DCDC2 protein, human; C486626:FOXP1 protein, human; C465448:FOXP2 protein, human; C500377:KIAA0319 protein, human
Common marmoset; Dyslexia; Gene expression; Language; Specific language impairment; Vocal communication