Polymerase chain reaction assay targeting cytochrome b gene for the detection of dog meat adulteration in meatball formulation.
A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for the assessment of dog meat adulteration in meatballs was developed. The assay selectively amplified a 100-bp region of canine mitochondrial cytochrome b gene from pure, raw, processed and mixed backgrounds. The specificity of the assay was tested against 11 animals and 3 plants species, commonly available for meatball formulation. The stability of the assay was proven under extensively autoclaving conditions that breakdown target DNA. A blind test from ready to eat chicken and beef meatballs showed that the assay can repeatedly detect 0.2% canine meat tissues under complex matrices using 0.04 ng of dog DNA extracted from differentially treated meatballs. The simplicity, stability and sensitivity of the assay suggested that it could be used in halal food industry for the authentication of canine derivatives in processed foods.
Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
Md Mahfujur
MM
Rahman
Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia. Electronic address: eaqubali@gmail.com.
Md Eaqub
ME
Ali
Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
Sharifah Bee Abd
SB
Hamid
Institute of Halal Products Research, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia.
Shuhaimi
S
Mustafa
Institute of Nanoelectronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar 01000, Perlis, Malaysia.
Uda
U
Hashim
Institute of Halal Products Research, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia.
Ummi Kalthum
UK
Hanapi
D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002645:Chickens; D045303:Cytochromes b / Q000235:genetics*; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis*; D004032:Diet; D004285:Dogs / Q000235:genetics*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D005784:Gene Amplification; D050259:Genes, Mitochondrial; D006801:Humans; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis; D008461:Meat Products / Q000032:analysis*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*
D004247:DNA; D045303:Cytochromes b
Canine derivatives; Extensive autoclaving; Halal food industry; Meatballs