BTES and aldehydes analysis in PET-bottled water in Lebanon.
The aim of this study was to determine benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, styrene (BTES), formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and benzaldehyde in Lebanese polyethylene terephthalate (PET)-bottled water. Aldehydes were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet-visible detection (HPLC/UV-vis) after 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) derivatisation and solid phase extraction (SPE) concentration, whereas headspace trap gas chromatograph-flame ionisation detector (GC/FID) was used for BTES determination. Both methods were validated according to the NF XP 90-210 and showed good linearity ranging from 3 (limit of quantification [LOQ]) to 15 µg L⁻¹ for BTES and from 20 (LOQ) to 900 µg L⁻¹ for aldehydes. No quantified contamination with BTES, acetaldehyde and benzaldehyde was determined in all analysed fresh Lebanese PET-bottled waters. Formaldehyde was quantified in 3 of the 15 samples at concentrations lower than the maximum contaminant level set by the US Environmental Protection Agency and the World Health Organisation. The samples' exposure to sunlight during 5 months increases the migration of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde. Similar migration increase was observed when the samples were incubated at 40°C during 10 days.
a Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon , 43 boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918 , 69622 Villeurbanne , France.
L
L
Al Rayes
C O
CO
Saliba
A
A
Ghanem
J
J
Randon
D000447:Aldehydes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D053000:Analytic Sample Preparation Methods; D001554:Benzene / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D001555:Benzene Derivatives / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000592:standards; D005410:Flame Ionization; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D007861:Lebanon; D057230:Limit of Detection; D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction; D012995:Solubility; D012997:Solvents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D020058:Styrene / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D013472:Sunlight / Q000009:adverse effects; D014050:Toluene / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D014835:Volatilization
D000447:Aldehydes; D001555:Benzene Derivatives; D060766:Drinking Water; D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates; D012997:Solvents; D005557:Formaldehyde; D014050:Toluene; D020058:Styrene; D001554:Benzene; C004912:ethylbenzene
HPLC; HS-purge and trap; VOC; aldehydes; derivatisation; validation