Once is too much: conditioned aversion develops immediately and predicts future cocaine self-administration behavior in rats.
Rats emit aversive taste reactivity (TR) behavior (i.e., gapes) following intraoral delivery of a cocaine-paired taste cue and greater conditioned aversive TR at the end of training predicts greater drug-seeking and taking. Here, we examined the development of this conditioned aversive TR behavior on a trial-by-trial basis in an effort to determine when the change in behavior occurs and whether early changes in this behavior can be used to predict later drug taking. The results show that conditioned aversive TR to a cocaine-paired cue occurs very early in training (i.e., following as few as 1-2 taste-drug pairings) and, importantly, that it can be used to predict later drug seeking and drug taking in rats.
Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine.
Elizabeth M
EM
Colechio
Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine.
Caesar G
CG
Imperio
Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine.
Patricia S
PS
Grigson
D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D003042:Cocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003213:Conditioning, Psychological / Q000187:drug effects*; D058999:Drug-Seeking Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012646:Self Administration; D013649:Taste / Q000187:drug effects
D003042:Cocaine