Rapid milk group classification by 1H NMR analysis of Le and H epitopes in human milk oligosaccharide donor samples.
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are a major constituent of human breast milk and play an important role in reducing the risk of infections in infants. The structures of these HMOs show similarities with blood group antigens in protein glycosylation, in particular in relation to fucosylation in Lewis blood group-type epitopes, matching the maternal pattern. Previously, based on the Secretor and Lewis blood group system, four milk groups have been defined, i.e. Lewis-positive Secretors, Lewis-positive non-Secretors, Lewis-negative Secretors and Lewis-negative non-Secretors. Here, a rapid one-dimensional (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis method is presented that identifies the presence/absence of (α1-2)-, (α1-3)- and (α1-4)-linked fucose residues in HMO samples, affording the essential information to attribute different HMO samples to a specific milk group. The developed method is based on the NMR structural-reporter-group concept earlier established for glycoprotein glycans. Further evaluation of the data obtained from the analysis of 36 HMO samples shows that within each of the four milk groups the relative levels of the different fucosylation epitopes can greatly vary. The data also allow a separation of the Lewis-positive Secretor milk group into two sub-groups.
Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, NL-9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Sander S
SS
van Leeuwen
FrieslandCampina Research, Stationsplein 4, Amersfoort NL-3818 LE, The Netherlands.
Ruud J W
RJ
Schoemaker
Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, NL-9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands NMR Spectroscopy, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands.
Gerrit J
GJ
Gerwig
FrieslandCampina Research, Stationsplein 4, Amersfoort NL-3818 LE, The Netherlands.
Ellen J M
EJ
van Leusen-van Kan
Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, NL-9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands l.dijkhuizen@rug.nl.
Lubbert
L
Dijkhuizen
Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, NL-9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands NMR Spectroscopy, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands.
Johannis P
JP
Kamerling
D000939:Epitopes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007983:Lewis Blood Group Antigens / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology; D011522:Protons
D000939:Epitopes; D007983:Lewis Blood Group Antigens; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D011522:Protons
human milk oligosaccharides; immunodeterminants; milk group classification