Validation of the Short Form of the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI-SF) in Spanish Patients with Non-Cancer-Related Pain.
The Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) is a widely used pain measurement tool. There are 2 versions, the BPI Long Form (BPI-LF) and Short Form (BPI-SF), which share 2 core scales measuring pain severity and pain interference but which use different recall periods (24 hours vs. 1 week). To date, the BPI-SF has not been validated for use in Spain. This study investigated the psychometric properties of the BPI-SF Spanish version and compared results on the core scales between BPI-LF and BPI-SF. The data came from a 3-month observational study of 3,029 nononcologic patients managed in Spanish pain units. The BPI-SF's reliability, validity, and responsiveness were assessed. The effect of different recall periods was investigated by using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) to determine the strength of correlation between BPI-LF and BPI-SF. The BPI-SF showed good reliability, with Cronbach's alphas of 0.931 for the severity and interference scales, which also discriminated well between patients reporting different levels of quality of life on EuroQol-5D dimensions (between group effect sizes [ESs] over 0.8). Substantial improvements were seen on both subscales after 3 months of treatment (ES of 1.76 for pain severity and 1.51 for pain interference). Recall period did not noticeably affect scores; ICCs (95% CI) between the long and short versions were 0.946 (0.938 to 0.954) and 0.929 (0.919 to 0.939) for the severity and interference subscales, respectively. The Spanish version of the BPI-SF is a valid and reliable instrument to measure pain severity and interference.
Pain Unit, Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain.
Javier
J
de Andrés Ares
Pain Unit, Hospital Xeral De Vigo, Vigo, Spain.
Luis Miguel
LM
Cruces Prado
Pain Unit, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
María Angeles
MA
Canos Verdecho
Pain Unit, Hospital Nuestra Señora Del Prado, Toledo, Spain.
Lucía
L
Penide Villanueva
Pain Unit, Hospital Virgen De La Victoria, Málaga, Spain.
Marta
M
Del Valle Hoyos
Insight Consulting and Research, Barcelona, Spain.
Michael
M
Herdman
Medical Department of Mundipharma, Madrid, Spain.
Susana
S
Traseira Lugilde
Pain Unit, Hospital de Alta Resolución de Guadix, Granada, Spain.
Ignacio
I
Velázquez Rivera
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019303:Multilingualism; D009369:Neoplasms; D010146:Pain / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards
Spain; bpi; brief pain inventory; pain; quality of life; questionnaire; validation