Assessment of genotoxic and molecular mechanisms of cancer risk in smoking and smokeless tobacco users.
Inexpensive forms of tobacco are widely used in developing countries such as India. We have evaluated genotoxicity endpoints (chromosome aberrations, micronucleus frequency, comet assay) and polymorphisms of the XRCC1 and p53 genes among smokers and smokeless tobacco (SLT) users in rural Tamilnadu, South India. Cytogenetic, DNA damage and SNP analyses were performed on peripheral blood samples; micronucleus frequency was measured in peripheral blood and buccal mucosa exfoliated cells. Both categories of tobacco users had elevated levels of genotoxic damage. SNP analysis of tobacco users revealed that 17% carry the XRCC1 gln399gln genotype and 19% carry the p53 pro72pro genotype. Both genotypes are associated with increased risk of cancer.
Unit of Human Genetics, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamilnadu, India. Electronic address: genechandru@gmail.com.
R
R
Chandirasekar
Departments of Biotechnology and Zoology, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore 641 029, India.
B Lakshman
BL
Kumar
Unit of Human Genetics, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamilnadu, India.
K
K
Sasikala
Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
R
R
Jayakumar
Unit of Human Genetics, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamilnadu, India.
K
K
Suresh
Unit of Human Genetics, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamilnadu, India.
R
R
Venkatesan
Unit of Human Genetics, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamilnadu, India.
Raichel
R
Jacob
Unit of Human Genetics, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamilnadu, India.
E K
EK
Krishnapriya
Departments of Biotechnology and Zoology, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore 641 029, India.
H
H
Kavitha
Department of Bioinformatics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamilnadu, India.
G Karthik
GK
Ganesh
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001773:Blood Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004249:DNA Damage; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D014030:Tobacco, Smokeless / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000076105:X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C495901:TP53 protein, human; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D000076105:X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1; C000619371:XRCC1 protein, human
Buccal cells; Cytogenetics; Micronuclei; Smokers and smokeless tobacco; Tobacco