Conventional cytology is not beneficial for predicting peritoneal recurrence after curative surgery for gastric cancer: results of a prospective clinical study.
OBJECTIVE
The role of peritoneal washing cytology in determining further treatment strategies after surgery for gastric cancer remains unclear. One reason for this is the fact that optimal procedures to increase the accuracy of predicting peritoneal metastasis have not been established. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of cytology using samples harvested from two different abdominal cavity sites during gastric cancer surgery.


METHODS
We prospectively recruited 108 patients who were clinically diagnosed with locally advanced gastric cancer (higher than cT1 stage disease). Peritoneal washing fluids were collected from the pouch of Douglas and the subphrenic area. Patients were prospectively followed up for 2 years to determine the recurrence and survival rates.


RESULTS
Thirty-three patients dropped out of the study for various reasons, so 75 patients were included in the final analysis. Seven patients (9.3%) showed positive cytology findings, of whom, three showed peritoneal recurrence. Tumor size was the only factor associated with positive cytology findings (P=0.037). The accuracy and specificity of cytology for predicting peritoneal recurrence were 90.1% and 94.2%, respectively, whereas the sensitivity was 50.0%. The survival rate did not differ between patients with positive cytology findings and those with negative cytology findings (P=0.081).


CONCLUSIONS
Peritoneal washing cytology using samples harvested from two different sites in the abdominal cavity was not able to predict peritoneal recurrence or survival in gastric cancer patients. Further studies will be required to determine whether peritoneal washing cytology during gastric cancer surgery is a meaningful procedure.
Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
Ki-Kwan
KK
Kang
Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
Hoon
H
Hur
Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
Cheul Su
CS
Byun
Department of Pathology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
Young Bae
YB
Kim
Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
Sang-Uk
SU
Han
Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
Yong Kwan
YK
Cho
Cytology; Peritoneum; Recurrence; Stomach neoplasms