Gene technology for papaya ringspot virus disease management.
Papaya (Carica papaya) is severely damaged by the papaya ringspot virus (PRSV). This review focuses on the development of PRSV resistant transgenic papaya through gene technology. The genetic diversity of PRSV depends upon geographical distribution and the influence of PRSV disease management on a sequence of PRSV isolates. The concept of pathogen-derived resistance has been employed for the development of transgenic papaya, using a coat protein-mediated, RNA-silencing mechanism and replicase gene-mediated transformation for effective PRSV disease management. The development of PRSV-resistant papaya via post-transcriptional gene silencing is a promising technology for PRSV disease management. PRSV-resistant transgenic papaya is environmentally safe and has no harmful effects on human health. Recent studies have revealed that the success of adoption of transgenic papaya depends upon the application, it being a commercially viable product, bio-safety regulatory issues, trade regulations, and the wider social acceptance of the technology. This review discusses the genome and the genetic diversity of PRSV, host range determinants, molecular diagnosis, disease management strategies, the development of transgenic papaya, environmental issues, issues in the adoption of transgenic papaya, and future directions for research.
Centre for General Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia ; Department of Agricultural Extension, Khamarbari, Farmgate, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh.
Md Abul Kalam
MA
Azad
Centre for General Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
Latifah
0000-0002-0947-8647
L
Amin
Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
Nik Marzuki
NM
Sidik
D019468:Disease Management; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy*; D017800:Potyvirus / Q000472:pathogenicity*