Assessment of relationship between body mass index and periodontal status among state government employees in Shimla, Himachal Pradesh.
BACKGROUND
The literature shows that an increased body mass index (BMI) may be a potential risk factor for periodontitis. Association between BMI and periodontitis has been ascribed to unhealthy dietary patterns with insufficient micronutrients and excess sugar and fat content.


OBJECTIVE
The present study intended to assess the relation between BMI and periodontal status among state government employees in Shimla city, Himachal Pradesh in India.


METHODS
The study sample comprised 1,008 subjects aged 18-58 years, drawn by a proportional sample from 10,908 employees. BMI was calculated by the Quetelet index as the ratio of the subject's body weight (in kg) to the square of the height (in meters). Periodontal status was recorded using the Community Periodontal Index (CPI). Binary multiple logistic regression analysis was done to assess the relation between BMI and periodontal status. The dependent variable for logistic regression analysis was categorized into control group (scores 0-2 of the CPI) and periodontitis group (scores 3 and 4 of the CPI).


RESULTS
The overall prevalence of periodontal disease was 98.9%. Score 2 (bleeding and calculus) was the highest score prevailing among the subjects. They had an increased risk of periodontitis by 56% for each 1 kg/m(2) increase in BMI, which means that a higher BMI could be a potential risk factor for periodontitis among the adults aged 18 to 58 years.


CONCLUSIONS
BMI evaluation could be used in the assessment of periodontal risk.
Department of Public Health Dentistry, H.P. Government Dental College and Hospital, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Vinay Kumar
VK
Bhardwaj
Department of Periodontology, H.P. Government Dental College and Hospital, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Deepak
D
Sharma
Department of Periodontology, H.P. Government Dental College and Hospital, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Pravesh
P
Jhingta
Department of Public Health Dentistry, H.P. Government Dental College and Hospital, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Shailee
S
Fotedar
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, H.P. Government Dental College and Hospital, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Manish
M
Sahore
Department of Public Health Dentistry, H.P. Government Dental College and Hospital, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Kavita
K
Manchanda
Body mass index; government employees; periodontal status