Engineered whole-cell biocatalyst-based detoxification and detection of neurotoxic organophosphate compounds.
The development of efficient tools is required for the eco-friendly detoxification and effective detection of neurotoxic organophosphates (OPs). Although enzymes have received significant attention as biocatalysts because of their high specific activity, the uneconomic and labor-intensive processes of enzyme production and purification make their broad use in practical applications difficult. Because whole-cell systems offer several advantages compared with free enzymes, including high stability, a reduced purification requirement, and low preparation cost, they have been suggested as promising biocatalysts for the detoxification and detection of OPs. To develop efficient whole-cell biocatalysts with enhanced activity and a broad spectrum of substrate specificity, several factors have been considered, namely the selected strains, the chosen OP-hydrolyzing enzymes, where enzymes are localized in a cell, and which enhancer will assist the expression, function, and folding of the enzyme. In this article, we review the current investigative progress in the development of engineered whole-cell biocatalysts with excellent OP-hydrolyzing activity, a broad spectrum of substrate specificity, and outstanding stability for the detoxification and detection of OPs.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea.
Chang Sup
CS
Kim
Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea; School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea.
Jeong Hyun
JH
Seo
Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea.
Dong Gyun
DG
Kang
Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: hjcha@postech.ac.kr.
Hyung Joon
HJ
Cha
D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D001419:Bacteria / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology*; D001709:Biotechnology; D060846:Cell Engineering; D018914:Cells, Immobilized / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D010755:Organophosphates / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism
D010755:Organophosphates; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase
Detection; Detoxification; Organophosphate-hydrolyzing enzyme; Organophosphates; Whole-cell biocatalyst