Calcium, magnesium, and phosphate abnormalities in the emergency department.
Derangements of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. These minerals have vital roles in the cellular physiology of the neuromuscular and cardiovascular systems. This article describes the pathophysiology of these mineral disorders. It aims to provide the emergency practitioner with an overview of the diagnosis and management of these disorders.
Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 110 South Paca Street, 6th Floor, Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Wan-Tsu W
WT
Chang
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 110 South Paca Street, 2nd Floor, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Bethany
B
Radin
Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 110 South Paca Street, 6th Floor, Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 110 South Paca Street, 2nd Floor, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. Electronic address: drmccurdy@gmail.com.
Michael T
MT
McCurdy
D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D016638:Critical Illness; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008274:Magnesium / Q000378:metabolism*; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism*
D010710:Phosphates; D008274:Magnesium; D002118:Calcium
Hypercalcemia; Hypermagnesemia; Hyperphosphatemia; Hypocalcemia; Hypomagnesemia; Hypophosphatemia