Grape seed pro-anthocyanidins ameliorates radiation-induced lung injury.
Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a potentially fatal and dose-limiting complication of thoracic radiotherapy. This study was to investigate the protective effects of grape seed pro-anthocyanidins (GSPs), an efficient antioxidant and anti-carcinogenic agent, on RILI. In our study, it was demonstrated that acute and late RILI was ameliorated after GSPs treatment possibly through suppressing TGF-β1/Smad3/Snail signalling pathway and modulating the levels of cytokines (interferon-γ, IL-4 and IL-13) derived from Th1/Th2 cells. In addition, a sustained high level of PGE2 was also maintained by GSPs treatment to limited fibroblast functions. As shown by electron spin resonance spectrometry, GSPs could scavenge hydroxyl radical (•OH) in a dose-dependent manner, which might account for the mitigation of lipid peroxidation and consequent apoptosis of lung cells. In vitro, GSPs radiosensitized lung cancer cell A549 while mitigating radiation injury on normal alveolar epithelial cell RLE-6TN. In conclusion, the results showed that GSPs protects mice from RILI through scavenging free radicals and modulating RILI-associated cytokines, suggesting GSPs as a novel protective agent in RILI.
Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Yijuan
Y
Huang
Wen
W
Liu
Hu
H
Liu
Yanyong
Y
Yang
Jianguo
J
Cui
Pei
P
Zhang
Hainan
H
Zhao
Feng
F
He
Ying
Y
Cheng
Jin
J
Ni
Jianming
J
Cai
Bailong
B
Li
Fu
F
Gao
D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D005260:Female; D005720:Gamma Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D055370:Lung Injury / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D011833:Radiation Injuries, Experimental / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*
D016207:Cytokines; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents
epithelial-mesenchymal transition; grape seed pro-anthocyanidins; radiation-induced lung injury; reactive oxygen species