In situ one-step synthesis of hierarchical nitrogen-doped porous carbon for high-performance supercapacitors.
A hierarchically structured nitrogen-doped porous carbon is prepared from a nitrogen-containing isoreticular metal-organic framework (IRMOF-3) using a self-sacrificial templating method. IRMOF-3 itself provides the carbon and nitrogen content as well as the porous structure. For high carbonization temperatures (950 °C), the carbonized MOF required no further purification steps, thus eliminating the need for solvents or acid. Nitrogen content and surface area are easily controlled by the carbonization temperature. The nitrogen content decreases from 7 to 3.3 at % as carbonization temperature increases from 600 to 950 °C. There is a distinct trade-off between nitrogen content, porosity, and defects in the carbon structure. Carbonized IRMOFs are evaluated as supercapacitor electrodes. For a carbonization temperature of 950 °C, the nitrogen-doped porous carbon has an exceptionally high capacitance of 239 F g(-1). In comparison, an analogous nitrogen-free carbon bears a low capacitance of 24 F g(-1), demonstrating the importance of nitrogen dopants in the charge storage process. The route is scalable in that multi-gram quantities of nitrogen-doped porous carbons are easily produced.
Energy & Environment Directorate and §Fundamental Chemical Sciences Directorate Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States.
Ju-Won
JW
Jeon
Ronish
R
Sharma
Praveen
P
Meduri
Bruce W
BW
Arey
Herbert T
HT
Schaef
Jodie L
JL
Lutkenhaus
John P
JP
Lemmon
Praveen K
PK
Thallapally
Manjula I
MI
Nandasiri
Benard Peter
BP
McGrail
Satish K
SK
Nune