Panitumumab safety for treating colorectal cancer.
BACKGROUND
Panitumumab is a human IgG2 mAb against the EGFR, inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, survival and angiogenesis. It has demonstrated clinical efficacy in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) in combination with chemotherapy in first- and second-line settings and as monotherapy in third-line setting. Recently, mutations in the RAS genes have been shown to be predictive of lack of efficacy, panitumumab should be restricted to patients with RAS wild-type (wt) tumors.


METHODS
This review focuses on main efficacy results of panitumumab in metastatic CRC in first-, second- and third-line settings in combination with chemotherapy or as monotherapy. Additionally, we have covered safety aspects of this agent in these indications, especially in K-RAS and all RAS wt patients. These safety aspects refer to the most common toxicities (i.e., acne-like skin rash, diarrhea and hypomagnesaemia).


CONCLUSIONS
Panitumumab adds to the armamentarium of effective agents in the treatment of metastatic CRC. Due to its human origin, panitumumab is a well-tolerated agent with low rates of infusional reactions. Skin toxicity is frequent and should be pre-emptively treated. Other common toxicities related to panitumumab treatment, such as diarrhea and hypomagnesaemia, should be closely monitored to ensure early treatment or substitution.
University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Medical Oncology , 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, 90033 , USA +1 323 865 3967 ; +1 323 865 0061 ; LENZ@usc.edu.
Stefan
S
Stremitzer
Ana
A
Sebio
Sebastian
S
Stintzing
Heinz-Josef
HJ
Lenz
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D011905:Genes, ras / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D000077544:Panitumumab
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000077544:Panitumumab
anti-EGFR targeted antibody; colorectal cancer; efficacy; hypomagnesaemia; panitumumab; skin toxicity