Rice bran feruloylated oligosaccharides activate dendritic cells via Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 signaling.
This work presents the effects of feruloylated oligosaccharides (FOs) of rice bran on murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) and the potential pathway through which the effects are mediated. We found that FOs induced phenotypic maturation of DCs, as shown by the increased expression of CD40, CD80/CD86 and MHC-I/II molecules. FOs efficiently induced maturation of DCs generated from C3H/HeN or C57BL/6 mice with normal toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) or TLR-2 but not DCs from mice with mutated TLR4 or TLR2. The mechanism of action of FOs may be mediated by increased phosphorylation of ERK, p38 and JNK mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) and increased NF-kB activity, which are important signaling molecules downstream of TLR-4 and TLR-2. These data suggest that FOs induce DCs maturation through TLR-4 and/or TLR-2 and that FOs might have potential efficacy against tumor or virus infection or represent a candidate-adjuvant approach for application in immunotherapy and vaccination.
Institute of Biomedical Science, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan. lincc@dragon.nchu.edu.tw.
Chi Chen
CC
Lin
Department of Food Science, National Penghu University of Science and Technology, Makung City, Penghu Hsien 880, Taiwan. huahan@gms.npu.edu.tw.
Hua Han
HH
Chen
Department of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan. chenyk@mail.npust.edu.tw.
Yu Kuo
YK
Chen
Department of Food Science, National Penghu University of Science and Technology, Makung City, Penghu Hsien 880, Taiwan. demonsandy@gmail.com.
Hung Chia
HC
Chang
Transplant Medicine & Surgery Research Centre, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan. lillian1109ms@yahoo.com.tw.
Ping Yi
PY
Lin
Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 310, Taiwan. I-HorngPan@itri.org.tw.
I-Hong
IH
Pan
Department of Medical Research and Education, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 407, Taiwan. chchen1@dragon.nchu.edu.tw.
Der-Yuan
DY
Chen
Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan. chchen1@dragon.nchu.edu.tw.
Chuan Mu
CM
Chen
Institute of Biomedical Science, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
Su Yi
SY
Lin
D000818:Animals; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D019013:CD40 Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D003373:Coumaric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D019013:CD40 Antigens; D003373:Coumaric Acids; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009844:Oligosaccharides; C493486:Tlr2 protein, mouse; C493487:Tlr4 protein, mouse; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; C004999:ferulic acid; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4