Immunocompetent murine models for the study of glioblastoma immunotherapy.
Glioblastoma remains a lethal diagnosis with a 5-year survival rate of less than 10%. (NEJM 352:987-96, 2005) Although immunotherapy-based approaches are capable of inducing detectable immune responses against tumor-specific antigens, improvements in clinical outcomes are modest, in no small part due to tumor-induced immunosuppressive mechanisms that promote immune escape and immuno-resistance. Immunotherapeutic strategies aimed at bolstering the immune response while neutralizing immunosuppression will play a critical role in improving treatment outcomes for glioblastoma patients. In vivo murine models of glioma provide an invaluable resource to achieving that end, and their use is an essential part of the preclinical workup for novel therapeutics that need to be tested in animal models prior to testing experimental therapies in patients. In this article, we review five contemporary immunocompetent mouse models, GL261 (C57BL/6), GL26 (C57BL/6) CT-2A (C57BL/6), SMA-560 (VM/Dk), and 4C8 (B6D2F1), each of which offer a suitable platform for testing novel immunotherapeutic approaches.
Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N, St, Clair St,, Suite 2210, Chicago, IL 60611-2922, USA. taemin.oh@northwestern.edu.
Taemin
T
Oh
Shayan
S
Fakurnejad
Eli T
ET
Sayegh
Aaron J
AJ
Clark
Michael E
ME
Ivan
Matthew Z
MZ
Sun
Michael
M
Safaee
Orin
O
Bloch
Charles D
CD
James
Andrew T
AT
Parsa
D000818:Animals; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000628:therapy*; D007121:Immunocompetence; D007167:Immunotherapy; D051379:Mice