Catheter-based closure of paravalvular leak.
Paravalvular leak (PVL) is a serious complication from surgical and percutaneous valve replacement procedures. The most common manifestations include congestive heart failure and hemolytic anemia, which may cause considerable morbidity and mortality. Repeat surgery for PVL closure is often complicated and carries a reduced probability of success. As such, catheter-based techniques to eliminate PVL have been developed. Percutaneous PVL closure procedures rely heavily on multimodality imaging techniques such as echocardiography, fluoroscopy and computed tomography for diagnosis, technical planning and procedural guidance. Evidence demonstrates that catheter-based closure of PVL boasts high procedural success rates and favorable clinical outcomes. Given the rapidly advancing nature of this field, this review summarizes the contemporary diagnosis of PVL, common techniques used for percutaneous closure and the latest data on patient outcomes following this procedure.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Desk J2-3, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Grant W
GW
Reed
E Murat
EM
Tuzcu
Samir R
SR
Kapadia
Amar
A
Krishnaswamy
D000743:Anemia, Hemolytic / Q000209:etiology; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000379:methods*; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods; D005471:Fluoroscopy / Q000379:methods; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000209:etiology; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000601:surgery; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D012086:Reoperation; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods
aortic valve; catheterization; mitral valve; paravalvular leak; paravalvular regurgitation