Lifelong exposure to n-3 PUFA affects pubertal mammary gland development.
There is growing evidence that early developmental periods may importantly influence future breast cancer risk. Also, there is great interest in the role of dietary fat in breast cancer risk, but the role of dietary fat during pubertal mammary gland development remains poorly understood. This study investigated the effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) using complementary dietary and genetic approaches to examine the effect of lifelong exposure of n-3 PUFA or n-6 PUFA (control) on mammary gland development and fatty acid composition. n-3 PUFA from both diet and genetics were enriched in mammary glands as early as 3 weeks of age. Parameters related to mammary gland development, including number of terminal end buds (TEB), percent coverage of ductal tree, and infiltration of TEB, were influenced by n-3 PUFA at 3 and 4 weeks of age. Overall, findings suggest that n-3 PUFA incorporation into the mammary gland early in life plays a role in the morphological development of the mammary gland during puberty.
Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological Science, University of Guelph, Animal Science/Nutrition Building, Rm 342, 491 Gordon Street, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Breanne M
BM
Anderson
Mira B
MB
MacLennan
Lyn M
LM
Hillyer
David W L
DW
Ma
D000818:Animals; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D002149:Energy Intake; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D042361:Mammary Glands, Human / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D010641:Phenotype; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011627:Puberty / Q000187:drug effects*
D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6
acide docosahexanoïque; acide eicosapentaénoïque; acides gras polyinsaturés n-3; cancer prevention; docosahexaenoic acid; développement des glandes mammaires; eicosapentaenoic acid; mammary gland development; n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids; prévention du cancer; puberty; puberté