Non-destructive quality evaluation of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) seeds using LED-induced hyperspectral reflectance imaging.
In this study, we developed a viability evaluation method for pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) seeds based on hyperspectral reflectance imaging. The reflectance spectra of pepper seeds in the 400-700 nm range are collected from hyperspectral reflectance images obtained using blue, green, and red LED illumination. A partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) model is developed to classify viable and non-viable seeds. Four spectral ranges generated with four types of LEDs (blue, green, red, and RGB), which were pretreated using various methods, are investigated to develop the classification models. The optimal PLS-DA model based on the standard normal variate for RGB LED illumination (400-700 nm) yields discrimination accuracies of 96.7% and 99.4% for viable seeds and nonviable seeds, respectively. The use of images based on the PLS-DA model with the first-order derivative of a 31.5-nm gap for red LED illumination (600-700 nm) yields 100% discrimination accuracy for both viable and nonviable seeds. The results indicate that a hyperspectral imaging technique based on LED light can be potentially applied to high-quality pepper seed sorting.
National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 150 Suinro, Gwonseon-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 441-100, Korea. cymoh100@korea.kr.
Changyeun
C
Mo
National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 150 Suinro, Gwonseon-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 441-100, Korea. giyoung@korea.kr.
Giyoung
G
Kim
National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 150 Suinro, Gwonseon-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 441-100, Korea. gadinlee@korea.kr.
Kangjin
K
Lee
Environmental Microbiology and Food Safety Laboratory, BARC-East, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, 10300 Baltimore Avenue Beltsville, MD 20705, USA. Moon.Kim@ars.usda.gov.
Moon S
MS
Kim
Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering, College of Agricultural and Life Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Korea. chobk@cnu.ac.kr.
Byoung-Kwan
BK
Cho
National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 150 Suinro, Gwonseon-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 441-100, Korea. limjg@korea.kr.
Jongguk
J
Lim
National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 150 Suinro, Gwonseon-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 441-100, Korea. skang@korea.kr.
Sukwon
S
Kang
D002212:Capsicum / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D018525:Germination; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D055620:Optical Phenomena; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012639:Seeds / Q000378:metabolism*