Long-term outcome of parapneumonic effusions in children: Lung function and exercise tolerance.
OBJECTIVE
a: To evaluate the long-term outcome of parapneumonic effusions (PPE) in children regarding lung function and exercise tolerance, (b) to investigate the role of bronchial asthma in the outcome of PPE.


METHODS
The design of the study included 51 children with PPE, at least 2 years after the initial infection. They were divided in two groups. Group A (38 children) consisted of children with PPE but without asthma prior initial infection. Group B (13 children) included children with PPE and asthma prior infection. Thirty-six children were taken as healthy controls (group C). All children performed spirometry and a maximal incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test on cycle ergometer.


RESULTS
Children of both groups (A and B) showed statistically significant lower values in FVC%, FEV1%, and FEV1 /FVC compared to controls (group C). Children of group B had also significant lower FEF(25-75%) values compared to controls. Children of group B had significant lower FEV1 /FVC values compared to group A. All children of the three groups showed no differences in maximal exercise capacity (VO2max). Children of group A had higher respiratory equivalent to oxygen (VE/VO2) during exercise compared to healthy subjects.


CONCLUSIONS
There are small effects on lung function and exercise capacity in the long-term, among children with PPE, but of no clinical importance. Pre-existing bronchial asthma doesn't influence the outcome significantly.
3rd Paediatric Dept, Paediatric Pulmonology Unit, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Kalliopi
K
Kontouli
3rd Paediatric Dept, Paediatric Pulmonology Unit, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Elpis
E
Hatziagorou
3rd Paediatric Dept, Paediatric Pulmonology Unit, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Fotis
F
Kyrvasilis
3rd Paediatric Dept, Paediatric Pulmonology Unit, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Emmanuel
E
Roilides
4th Paediatric Dept, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Maria
M
Emporiadou
3rd Paediatric Dept, Paediatric Pulmonology Unit, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
John
J
Tsanakas
D000293:Adolescent; D001249:Asthma / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D005080:Exercise Test; D017079:Exercise Tolerance / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology*; D010996:Pleural Effusion / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013147:Spirometry
asthma; empyema; exercise; pleural disease