Deoxynivalenol and zearalenone in Fusarium-contaminated wheat in Mexico City.
Fusarium spp. invasion causes head blight, a destructive disease in the world's main wheat-growing areas, and deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA) contamination in cereal-based products. No data are available on the relationship between Fusarium spp. on commercial wheat samples in Mexico City and the presence of mycotoxins. A total of 30 wheat samples were subject to a PCR method involving genes of the trichothecene and zearalenone biosynthesis pathways to detect the presence of Fusarium. Detection and quantification of DON and ZEA was performed using liquid chromatography coupled to UV detection. PCR indicated the presence of the Tri5 and PKS4 genes in 16.7 and 23.3% of samples, respectively. DON and ZEA contamination was found in 51.2 and 71.4% of samples, respectively, where a positive amplification was obtained. This work presents up-to-date information on mycotoxin contamination in Mexico, where improved contamination/exposure data and firm control/monitoring measures are needed.
a Department of Food and Biotechnology , Facultad de Quimica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Conjunto E. L-312, Circuito Institutos s/n, Ciudad Universitaria , Mexico 04510 , Mexico.
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Farrés
D019755:Carbon-Carbon Lyases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects; D005506:Food Contamination; D005513:Food Inspection; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005670:Fusarium / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006291:Health Policy; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D008800:Mexico; D058889:Molecular Typing; D016533:Mycological Typing Techniques; D011042:Poisons / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012639:Seeds / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D014908:Triticum / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000191:economics / Q000382:microbiology; D015025:Zearalenone / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity
D005656:Fungal Proteins; D011042:Poisons; D014255:Trichothecenes; D015025:Zearalenone; D019755:Carbon-Carbon Lyases; C051130:trichodiene synthetase; C007262:deoxynivalenol
Fusarium toxins; cereals; mycotoxins; trichothecenes; zearalenone