Effects of cigarette smoke and denture cleaners on the surface roughness and color stability of different denture teeth.
BACKGROUND
Denture teeth have the most effect on the esthetics of complete dentures. However, extrinsic factors can change their roughness and color.


OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of smoking and denture cleaners on the roughness and color (CIE [Commission International de I'Eclairage] L*a*b*) of denture teeth.


METHODS
Maxillary central incisors made of acrylic resin, high-strength acrylic resin, and porcelain (Acrylux, SR, Orthosit PE-O, and Enta) were divided into 4 groups (n=10): control, denture cleaner, cigarette smoke, and cigarette smoke and denture cleaner. The dental cleaner group and cigarette smoke and dental cleaner group were immersed in denture cleaner (Protefix; Queisser Pharma) for 15 minutes; the cigarette smoke group and cigarette smoke and dental cleaner group were exposed to smoke from 20 cigarettes for 10 minutes per cigarette. The roughness was measured with a profilometer, and the color was measured with a colorimeter. The CIE L*a*b* values were recorded. The data were analyzed with a 3-way ANOVA and the Fisher least significant difference test (α=.05).


RESULTS
The roughness of Acrylux, SR Orthosit PE-O (P<.001), and Enta (P<.01) was significantly higher in the cigarette smoke group and dental cleaner group than in the control group. Immersion in denture cleaner after exposure to cigarette smoke decreased the roughness of Acrylux, SR Orthosit PE-O (P<.001), and Enta (P<.01). The greatest color change (7.94) was observed in Acrylux in the cigarette smoke group, whereas the smallest color change (0.24) was in Enta in the control group. The color change of all of the teeth in the cigarette smoke group decreased after exposure to denture cleaner (P<.05). The L* decreased, and the a* and b* increased after exposure to smoke (P<.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Smoking and denture cleaner increased the roughness and discolored the teeth, whereas denture cleaners after exposure to smoke decreased the roughness.
Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey. Electronic address: aydelif@hotmail.com.
Elif Aydogan
EA
Ayaz
Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
Subutay Han
SH
Altintas
Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
Sedanur
S
Turgut
D001881:Borates / Q000737:chemistry; D003116:Color; D003124:Colorimetry / Q000295:instrumentation; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D003776:Dental Porcelain / Q000737:chemistry; D003820:Denture Cleansers / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D012906:Smoke; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate / Q000737:chemistry; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry; D013464:Sulfuric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties; D014026:Nicotiana; D014093:Tooth, Artificial
D001881:Borates; D003764:Dental Materials; D003820:Denture Cleansers; D012906:Smoke; D013464:Sulfuric Acids; D003776:Dental Porcelain; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; C048813:potassium peroxymonosulfuric acid; C027707:sodium perborate