Tolerance to acetic acid is improved by mutations of the TATA-binding protein gene.
Screening a library of overexpressing mutant alleles of the TATA-binding gene SPT15 yielded two Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains (MRRC 3252 and 3253) with enhanced tolerance to acetic acid. They were also tolerant to propionic acid and hydrogen peroxide. Transcriptome profile analysis identified 58 upregulated genes and 106 downregulated genes in MRRC 3252. Stress- and protein synthesis-related transcription factors were predominantly enriched in the upregulated and downregulated genes respectively. Eight deletion mutants for some of the highly downregulated genes were acetic acid-tolerant. The level of intracellular reactive oxygen species was considerably lessened in MRRC 3252 and 3253 upon exposure to acetic acid. Metabolome profile analysis revealed that intracellular concentrations of 5 and 102 metabolites were increased and decreased, respectively, in MRRC 3252, featuring a large increase of urea and a significant decrease of amino acids. The dur1/2Δmutant, in which the urea degradation gene DUR1/2 is deleted, displayed enhanced tolerance to acetic acid. Enhanced tolerance to acetic acid was also observed on the medium containing a low concentration of amino acids. Taken together, this study identified two SPT15 alleles, nine gene deletions and low concentration of amino acids in the medium that confer enhanced tolerance to acetic acid.
Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, Korea.
Jieun
J
An
Hyeji
H
Kwon
Eunjung
E
Kim
Young Mi
YM
Lee
Hyeok Jin
HJ
Ko
Hongjae
H
Park
In-Geol
IG
Choi
Sooah
S
Kim
Kyoung Heon
KH
Kim
Wankee
W
Kim
Wonja
W
Choi
D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000483:Alleles; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D001483:Base Sequence; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal / Q000235:genetics*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D009154:Mutation; D011422:Propionates / Q000494:pharmacology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D035181:TATA-Box Binding Protein / Q000235:genetics*; D014508:Urea / Q000378:metabolism
D000596:Amino Acids; D011422:Propionates; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C115017:SPT15 protein, S cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D035181:TATA-Box Binding Protein; D000431:Ethanol; D014508:Urea; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; C029658:propionic acid; D019342:Acetic Acid