Gagging and its associations with dental care-related fear, fear of pain and beliefs about treatment.
BACKGROUND
Gagging is a behavioral response that interferes with oral health care and may be related to dental care-related fear. Little is known, however, about the epidemiology of gagging during dental treatment.


METHODS
To explore this phenomenon, the authors recruited participants from the waiting area of an oral diagnosis clinic. Participants completed a gagging behavior questionnaire, the Dental Fear Survey, the Fear of Pain Questionnaire-9, the Revised Dental Beliefs Survey and a demographics questionnaire.


RESULTS
Almost one-half of the 478 participants reported gagging on at least one occasion during dental visits, and 7.5 percent of participants reported almost always or always gagging. With higher frequency of problems with gagging, patients were more likely to have greater levels of dental care-related fear, fear of pain and more negative beliefs about dental professionals and dental treatment. Furthermore, participants who gagged more readily had greater dental care-related fear than did participants who had less of a propensity to gag.


CONCLUSIONS
Gagging in the dental office is a prevalent problem, and dental care-related fear and fear of pain are associated with more frequent gagging. Practical Implications Given the prevalence of patients reporting problems with gagging, it may be helpful for providers to assess patients' propensity for gagging, which can be a barrier to treatment. By targeting dental care-related fear, fear of pain and negative beliefs about dental care in patients who often gag when receiving dental care, clinicians may be able to help reduce gagging in frequency or intensity, potentially making treatment more comfortable for patients and easier for dental care providers.
Mr. Randall is a doctoral candidate, Department of Psychology, Eberly College of Arts and Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown. He is an affiliate of the Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia, Pittsburgh and Morgantown, W.Va.
Cameron L
CL
Randall
Grant P
GP
Shulman
Richard J
RJ
Crout
Daniel W
DW
McNeil
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001294:Attitude to Health; D016854:Dental Anxiety / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D003729:Dental Care / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005683:Gagging; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
Pharyngeal reflex; behavioral sciences; dental care–related fear and anxiety; gagging; pain