In vivo imaging and tracking of individual nanodiamonds in drosophila melanogaster embryos.
In this work, we incorporate and image individual fluorescent nanodiamonds in the powerful genetic model system Drosophila melanogaster. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and wide-field imaging techniques are applied to individual fluorescent nanodiamonds in blastoderm cells during stage 5 of development, up to a depth of 40 µm. The majority of nanodiamonds in the blastoderm cells during cellularization exhibit free diffusion with an average diffusion coefficient of (6 ± 3) × 10(-3) µm(2)/s, (mean ± SD). Driven motion in the blastoderm cells was also observed with an average velocity of 0.13 ± 0.10 µm/s (mean ± SD) µm/s and an average applied force of 0.07 ± 0.05 pN (mean ± SD). Nanodiamonds in the periplasm between the nuclei and yolk were also found to undergo free diffusion with a significantly larger diffusion coefficient of (63 ± 35) × 10(-3) µm(2)/s (mean ± SD). Driven motion in this region exhibited similar average velocities and applied forces compared to the blastoderm cells indicating the transport dynamics in the two cytoplasmic regions are analogous.
School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia ; Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
David A
DA
Simpson
Department of Genetics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Amelia J
AJ
Thompson
School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Mark
M
Kowarsky
Department of Genetics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Nida F
NF
Zeeshan
School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Michael S J
MS
Barson
School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia ; Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Liam T
LT
Hall
Department of Chemical and Bio-molecular Engineering, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Yan
Y
Yan
School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Stefan
S
Kaufmann
School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia ; Radiation Effects Group, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292, Japan.
Brett C
BC
Johnson
Radiation Effects Group, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292, Japan.
Takeshi
T
Ohshima
Department of Chemical and Bio-molecular Engineering, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Frank
F
Caruso
School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia ; Centre for Coherent X-ray Science, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Robert E
RE
Scholten
Department of Genetics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Robert B
RB
Saint
Department of Genetics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Michael J
MJ
Murray
School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia ; Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Lloyd C L
LC
Hollenberg
(160.2540) Fluorescent and luminescent materials; (160.4236) Nanomaterials; (180.2520) Fluorescence microscopy