Survey of T-2 and HT-2 toxins by LC-MS/MS in oats and oat products from European oat mills in 2005-2009.
T-2 and HT-2 toxins were analysed in oats (n = 243), oat flakes (n = 529), oat meal (n = 105) and oat by-products (n = 209) from 11 European mills during 2005-2009 by high-performance liquid chromatography with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Limits of quantification were 5 µg kg(-1) for both T-2 and HT-2 toxins in oats. The incidence of T-2 + HT-2 (>5 µg kg(-1)) in oats, oat flakes, oat meal and oat by-products was 93, 77, 34 and 99%, respectively. The mean values of T-2 + HT-2 were 94, 17, 11 and 293 µg kg(-1) for oats, oat flakes, oat meal and oat by-products, respectively. T-2 and HT-2 occurred together and the T-2 level was 52% of HT-2 in oats. Maximal T-2 and HT-2 concentration in oat flakes and oat meal were 197 and 118 µg kg(-1). The toxins were reduced by 82-88% during processing, but increased 3.1 times in oat by-products.
a Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences , P.O. Box 7024 , S-750 07 Uppsala , Sweden.
Hans
H
Pettersson
Colin
C
Brown
Julia
J
Hauk
Stefan
S
Hoth
Jens
J
Meyer
Detlev
D
Wessels
D018554:Avena / Q000737:chemistry*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D005060:Europe; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D011786:Quality Control; D013605:T-2 Toxin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*
D013605:T-2 Toxin; C012351:HT-2 toxin
HT-2 toxin; T-2 toxin; cereals; cereals and grain; milling; mycotoxins, trichothecenes, fusarium toxins; oats