Microglia toxicity in preterm brain injury.
Microglia are the resident phagocytic cells of the central nervous system. During brain development they are also imperative for apoptosis of excessive neurons, synaptic pruning, phagocytosis of debris and maintaining brain homeostasis. Brain damage results in a fast and dynamic microglia reaction, which can influence the extent and distribution of subsequent neuronal dysfunction. As a consequence, microglia responses can promote tissue protection and repair following brain injury, or become detrimental for the tissue integrity and functionality. In this review, we will describe microglia responses in the human developing brain in association with injury, with particular focus on the preterm infant. We also explore microglia responses and mechanisms of microglia toxicity in animal models of preterm white matter injury and in vitro primary microglia cell culture experiments.
Perinatal Centre, Department of Physiology and Neurosciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
Ana A
AA
Baburamani
Perinatal Centre, Department of Physiology and Neurosciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Centre for the Developing Brain, Department of Perinatal Imaging and Health, Division of Imaging and Biomedical Engineering, Kings College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, UK.
Veena G
VG
Supramaniam
Perinatal Centre, Department of Physiology and Neurosciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Centre for the Developing Brain, Department of Perinatal Imaging and Health, Division of Imaging and Biomedical Engineering, Kings College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, UK.
Henrik
H
Hagberg
Perinatal Centre, Department of Physiology and Neurosciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden. Electronic address: carina.mallard@neuro.gu.se.
Carina
C
Mallard
D000818:Animals; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D017628:Microglia / Q000502:physiology*; D049188:Prenatal Injuries / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology
Neuroinflammation; Perinatal brain injury