Targeting mitochondria for cardioprotection: examining the benefit for patients.
Mitochondria are critical for sustaining life, not only as the essential powerhouses of cells but as critical mediators of cell survival and death. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been identified as a key perturbation underlying numerous pathologies including myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and the subsequent development of impaired left ventricular systolic function and compensatory cardiac hypertrophy. This article outlines the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in these important cardiac pathologies and highlights current cardioprotective strategies and their clinical efficacy in acute myocardial infarction and heart failure patients. Finally, we explore novel mitochondrial targets and evaluate their potential future translation for clinical cardioprotection.
The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, 67 Chenies Mews, London, UK.
Rachel K
RK
Dongworth
Andrew R
AR
Hall
Niall
N
Burke
Derek J
DJ
Hausenloy
D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016923:Cell Death; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D057775:Ischemic Postconditioning; D019194:Ischemic Preconditioning; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D033681:Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D000083162:Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore; D063306:Mitophagy; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000473:pathology; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010091:Oximes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012632:Secosteroids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use
D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D033681:Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins; D000083162:Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010091:Oximes; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012632:Secosteroids; D014451:Ubiquinone; C549911:3,5-seco-4-norcholestan-5-one oxime-3-ol; C429014:mitoquinone; D016572:Cyclosporine; C090438:(melle-4)cyclosporin; C499715:alisporivir