Spatial and temporal characterizations of water quality in Kuwait Bay.
The spatial and temporal patterns of water quality in Kuwait Bay have been investigated using data from six stations between 2009 and 2011. The results showed that most of water quality parameters such as phosphorus (PO4), nitrate (NO3), dissolved oxygen (DO), and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) fluctuated over time and space. Based on Water Quality Index (WQI) data, six stations were significantly clustered into two main classes using cluster analysis, one group located in western side of the Bay, and other in eastern side. Three principal components are responsible for water quality variations in the Bay. The first component included DO and pH. The second included PO4, TSS and NO3, and the last component contained seawater temperature and turbidity. The spatial and temporal patterns of water quality in Kuwait Bay are mainly controlled by seasonal variations and discharges from point sources of pollution along Kuwait Bay's coast as well as from Shatt Al-Arab River.
Desert and Arid Zones Programme, Arabian Gulf University, Road 2904, Building 293, Manama 329, Bahrain. Electronic address: geologest_04@hotmail.com.
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Al-Mutairi
Desert and Arid Zones Programme, Arabian Gulf University, Road 2904, Building 293, Manama 329, Bahrain.
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Abahussain
Desert and Arid Zones Programme, Arabian Gulf University, Road 2904, Building 293, Manama 329, Bahrain.
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El-Battay
D061006:Bays; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D007730:Kuwait; D010100:Oxygen / Q000032:analysis; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry; D012621:Seasons; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry; D014876:Water Pollution / Q000032:analysis*; D060753:Water Quality
D010758:Phosphorus; D010100:Oxygen
Kuwait Bay; Pollution; Shatt Al-Arab; Spatial assessment