Dihydromyricetin induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in melanoma SK-MEL-28 cells.
Dihydromyricetin (DHM) exhibits multiple pharmacological activities; however, the role of DHM in anti-melanoma activities and the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of DHM on cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis in the human melanoma SK-MEL-28 cell line, and to explore the related mechanisms. The effect of DHM on cell proliferation was investigated by MTT assay, and cell cycle distribution was determined by flow cytometry. TUNEL assay was used to evaluate DHM-mediated apoptosis, and western blotting was applied to examine expression levels of p53, p21, Cdc25A, Cdc2, P-Cdc2, Bax, IKK-α, NF-κB p65, p38 and P-p38 proteins. The results revealed that DHM suppressed cell proliferation of SK-MEL-28 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, and caused cell cycle arrest at the G1/S phase. DHM increased the production of p53 and p21 proteins and downregulated the production of Cdc25A, Cdc2 and P-Cdc2 proteins, which induced cell cycle arrest. Additionally, DHM significantly induced the apoptosis of SK-MEL-28 cells, and enhanced the expression levels of Bax proteins and decreased the protein levels of IKK-α, NF-κB (p65) and P-p38. The results suggest that DHM may be a novel and effective candidate agent to inhibit the growth of melanoma.
Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China.
Guofang
G
Zeng
Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China.
Jie
J
Liu
Laboratory of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China.
Hege
H
Chen
Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China.
Bin
B
Liu
Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China.
Qingyu
Q
Zhang
Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China.
Mingyi
M
Li
Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China.
Runzhi
R
Zhu
D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D044948:Flavonols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*
D044948:Flavonols; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C472036:dihydromyricetin