Biomass fly ashes as low-cost chemical agents for Pb removal from synthetic and industrial wastewaters.
The main aim of this work was to study the removal efficiency of Pb from synthetic and industrial wastewaters by using biomass fly ashes. The biomass fly ashes were produced in a biomass boiler of a pulp and paper industry. Three concentrations of Pb(2+) were tested in the synthetic wastewater (1, 10 and 1000 mg Pb/L). Moreover, two different wastewaters were collected in an industrial wastewater treatment plant (IWWTP) of an industry of lead-acid batteries: (i) wastewater of the equalization tank, and (ii) IWWTP effluent. All the wastewaters were submitted to coagulation-flocculation tests with a wide range of biomass fly ashes dosage (expressed as Solid/Liquid - S/L - ratios). All supernatants were characterized for chemical and ecotoxicological parameters. The use of biomass fly ashes has reduced significantly the Pb concentration in the synthetic wastewater and in the wastewaters collected in the IWWTP. For example, the definitive coagulation-flocculation assays performed over the IWWTP effluent presented a very low concentration of Pb (0.35 mg/L) for the S/L ratio of 1.23 g/L. Globally, the ecotoxicological characterization of the supernatants resulting from the coagulation-flocculation assays of all wastewaters has indicated an overall reduction on the ecotoxicity of the crude wastewaters, due to the removal of Pb.
Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Departamento de Ciências e Tecnologia da Biomassa, Campus da Caparica, Ed. Departamental, Piso 3, gab. 377, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal. Electronic address: rfb@fct.unl.pt.
Rui
R
Barbosa
Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Departamento de Ciências e Tecnologia da Biomassa, Campus da Caparica, Ed. Departamental, Piso 3, gab. 377, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
Nuno
N
Lapa
Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, Unidade de Tecnologias de Conversão e Armazenamento de Energia, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, Ed. J, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal.
Helena
H
Lopes
Dresden University of Technology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Institute of Hydrology and Meteorology, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
Annika
A
Günther
Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Departamento de Ciências e Tecnologia da Biomassa, Campus da Caparica, Ed. Departamental, Piso 3, gab. 377, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
Diogo
D
Dias
Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Departamento de Ciências e Tecnologia da Biomassa, Campus da Caparica, Ed. Departamental, Piso 3, gab. 377, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
Benilde
B
Mendes
D018533:Biomass; D060729:Coal Ash / Q000737:chemistry*; D005427:Flocculation; D007854:Lead / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010209:Paper; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D062065:Wastewater / Q000032:analysis*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000302:isolation & purification*
D060729:Coal Ash; D007854:Lead; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
Biomass fly ashes; Ecotoxicity; Industrial wastewaters; Lead-acid batteries; Pb