Molecular phylogeny of hantaviruses harbored by insectivorous bats in Côte d'Ivoire and Vietnam.
The recent discovery of genetically distinct hantaviruses in multiple species of shrews and moles prompted a further exploration of their host diversification by analyzing frozen, ethanol-fixed and RNAlater®-preserved archival tissues and fecal samples from 533 bats (representing seven families, 28 genera and 53 species in the order Chiroptera), captured in Asia, Africa and the Americas in 1981-2012, using RT-PCR. Hantavirus RNA was detected in Pomona roundleaf bats (Hipposideros pomona) (family Hipposideridae), captured in Vietnam in 1997 and 1999, and in banana pipistrelles (Neoromicia nanus) (family Vespertilionidae), captured in Côte d'Ivoire in 2011. Phylogenetic analysis, based on the full-length S- and partial M- and L-segment sequences using maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods, demonstrated that the newfound hantaviruses formed highly divergent lineages, comprising other recently recognized bat-borne hantaviruses in Sierra Leone and China. The detection of bat-associated hantaviruses opens a new era in hantavirology and provides insights into their evolutionary origins.
Pacific Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA. sehungu@hawaii.edu.
Se Hun
SH
Gu
Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, ON M5S 2C6, Canada. burtonl@rom.on.ca.
Burton K
BK
Lim
Department of Biology, Université de Cocody, Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire. blaisekadjo1@hotmail.com.
Blaise
B
Kadjo
Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. arais@nih.go.jp.
Satoru
S
Arai
Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 136-705, Korea. youminlove3@hotmail.com.
Jeong-Ah
JA
Kim
Departement Systematique et Evolution, UMR CNRS 7205, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris 75005, France. vnicolas@mnhn.fr.
Violaine
V
Nicolas
Departement Systematique et Evolution, UMR CNRS 7205, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris 75005, France. lalis@mnhn.fr.
Aude
A
Lalis
Departement Systematique et Evolution, UMR CNRS 7205, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris 75005, France. denys@mnhn.fr.
Christiane
C
Denys
Department of Biology, Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA. cookjose@unm.edu.
Joseph A
JA
Cook
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. samuel.dominguez@ucdenver.edu.
Samuel R
SR
Dominguez
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. Kathryn.Holmes@ucdenver.edu.
Kathryn V
KV
Holmes
National Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi 0177, Georgia. lelincdc@gmail.com.
Lela
L
Urushadze
National Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi 0177, Georgia. keti_sida@yahoo.com.
Ketevan
K
Sidamonidze
National Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi 0177, Georgia. dato.putkaradze@yahoo.com.
Davit
D
Putkaradze
Pacific Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA. sehungu@hawaii.edu.
Ivan V
IV
Kuzmin
Pacific Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA. burtonl@rom.on.ca.
Michael Y
MY
Kosoy
Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 136-705, Korea. jwsong@korea.ac.kr.
Jin-Won
JW
Song
Pacific Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA. ryanagih@hawaii.edu.
Richard
R
Yanagihara
D000818:Animals; D002685:Chiroptera / Q000821:virology*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D007560:Cote d'Ivoire; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006476:Orthohantavirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014744:Vietnam
D012367:RNA, Viral