Ethyl carbamate levels in wine and spirits from markets in Hebei Province, China.
Ethyl carbamate (EC) in wine, grain spirits and wine sauce (145 samples) was analysed using solid-phase extraction and stable isotope dilution GC/MS. Samples were obtained from markets in eight areas (Shijiazhuang, Baoding, Handan, Qinhuangdao, Langfang, Zhangjiakou, Xingtai and Cangzhou) of Hebei Province, China. The method had a limit of detection of 2 µg kg⁻¹, with recoveries varying from 95.7 to 102% and RSD ranging 2.3-5.6%. The average concentrations of ethyl carbamate in wines, grain spirits and wine sauce were 14.7 (<2.0-44.5) µg kg⁻¹, 33.8 (2.9-129) µg kg⁻¹ and 8.7 (<2.0-63.3) µg kg⁻¹, respectively. The results led to the development of limit standards that can be used to predict the concentration of ethyl carbamate in Chinese fermented wines.
a Institute of Physical and Chemical Inspection, Hebei Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shijiazhuang , China.
Y P
YP
Liu
B
B
Dong
Z S
ZS
Qin
N J
NJ
Yang
Y
Y
Lu
L X
LX
Yang
F Q
FQ
Chang
Y N
YN
Wu
D000434:Alcoholic Beverages / Q000032:analysis* / Q000191:economics / Q000382:microbiology / Q000592:standards; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000032:analysis*; D002681:China; D003212:Condiments / Q000032:analysis* / Q000191:economics / Q000382:microbiology / Q000592:standards; D004032:Diet / Q000208:ethnology; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry; D005285:Fermentation; D005506:Food Contamination; D005513:Food Inspection; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006291:Health Policy; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction; D014520:Urethane / Q000032:analysis*; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis* / Q000191:economics / Q000382:microbiology / Q000592:standards
D002273:Carcinogens; D014520:Urethane
alcoholic beverages; ethyl carbamate; process contaminants