Simultaneous determination of caffeine, caramel and riboflavin in cola-type and energy drinks by synchronous fluorescence technique coupled with partial least squares.
The aim of this work was to develop a multivariate method for the rapid determination of caffeine and Class IV caramel in cola-type soft drinks and of caffeine, Class III caramel and riboflavin in energy drinks using synchronous fluorescence spectra. The synchronous fluorescence spectra were recorded at constant wavelength difference 90 nm from 200 to 500 nm. Reference values of analyte concentrations by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection combined with the standard addition method were used to create the partial least squares (PLS) models. High coefficients of determination (>0.99) were obtained in 0.2-4.2, 0.25-5.25, 0.4-10.0 and 0.007-0.054 mg L(-1) range for caffeine, Class III caramel, Class IV caramel and riboflavin, respectively. The PLS models were used to determine the concentration of analytes in different drink samples. The method provided comparable results with those found using the HPLC method.
Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
L'udovít
L
Ziak
Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
Pavel
P
Májek
Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
Katarína
K
Hroboňová
Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
František
F
Cacho
Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37 Bratislava, Slovak Republic. Electronic address: jana.sadecka@stuba.sk.
Jana
J
Sádecká
D002110:Caffeine / Q000032:analysis*; D002182:Candy / Q000032:analysis*; D002241:Carbohydrates; D002253:Carbonated Beverages / Q000032:analysis*; D061215:Energy Drinks / Q000032:analysis*; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D012256:Riboflavin / Q000032:analysis*; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*
D002241:Carbohydrates; C569050:caramel coloring; D002110:Caffeine; D012256:Riboflavin
Caffeine; Caramel; Food; Partial least squares; Riboflavin; Synchronous fluorescence spectrometry