The first electrochemical MIP sensor for tamoxifen.
We present an electrochemical MIP sensor for tamoxifen (TAM)-a nonsteroidal anti-estrogen-which is based on the electropolymerisation of an O-phenylenediamine‒resorcinol mixture directly on the electrode surface in the presence of the template molecule. Up to now only "bulk" MIPs for TAM have been described in literature, which are applied for separation in chromatography columns. Electro-polymerisation of the monomers in the presence of TAM generated a film which completely suppressed the reduction of ferricyanide. Removal of the template gave a markedly increased ferricyanide signal, which was again suppressed after rebinding as expected for filling of the cavities by target binding. The decrease of the ferricyanide peak of the MIP electrode depended linearly on the TAM concentration between 1 and 100 nM. The TAM-imprinted electrode showed a 2.3 times higher recognition of the template molecule itself as compared to its metabolite 4-hydroxytamoxifen and no cross-reactivity with the anticancer drug doxorubucin was found. Measurements at +1.1 V caused a fouling of the electrode surface, whilst pretreatment of TAM with peroxide in presence of HRP generated an oxidation product which was reducible at 0 mV, thus circumventing the polymer formation and electrochemical interferences.
Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering IBMT, Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam, Germany. yarman@uni-potsdam.de.
Aysu
A
Yarman
Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering IBMT, Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam, Germany. fschell@uni-potsdam.de.
Frieder W
FW
Scheller
D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D003217:Conductometry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004566:Electrodes; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D054802:Molecular Imprinting / Q000379:methods*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry
D011108:Polymers; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators; D013629:Tamoxifen