Collapsin response mediator proteins: Potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cancers (Review).
The collapsin response mediator proteins (CRMPs) were originally identified as mediators of semaphorin 3A signaling and neuronal differentiation. The CRMP family consists of five homologous cytosolic proteins, CRMP1-5. Altered expression levels of CRMPs have been observed in several malignant tumors, including lung, breast, colorectal, prostate, pancreatic and neuroendocrine lung cancer. The aim of the current study was to review the recent progress achieved in understanding the association between the different levels of CRMP expression in tumors and their involvement in pathological functions, such as tumor metastasis, disease progression, subtype differentiation and clinical outcome, to address the potential value of CRMPs as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer patients.
Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China.
Fei
F
Tan
Cell and Molecular Biology Section, Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Carol J
CJ
Thiele
Research Center for Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China.
Zhijie
Z
Li
biomarker; collapsin response mediator proteins; metastasis; tumor suppressor