The binding of 4-ethylguaiacol with polyaniline-based materials in wines.
4-ethylguaiacol (4-EG) is one of the important compounds responsible for the "Brett character" (i.e. spicy and smoky aromas) found in wines contaminated with Brettanomyces yeast. In this trial, the ability of polyaniline-based materials (PANI-EB and PANI-ES) was tested as a potential fining agent for the removal of 4-EG in wine. First, a screening study was developed in order to determine the binding capacity of 4-EG by PANI materials in 12% ethanol solution. Then, the capturing ability of PANI against 4-EG was evaluated with a solution containing gallic acid (GA), 4-methyl-catechol (4-MC), in which the concentration of the phenolic compounds were maintained as in the real wine. The results obtained showed that the retention percentage varied between 0 to 100% (4-EG), 13.81% to 72.32% (GA), and 0 to 17.39% (4-MC), depending on the interaction time and amount of the PANI used. Finally, the capturing capacity of PANI-EB and PANI-ES against 4-EG was evaluated in a real wine sample containing originally 3.10±0.13 mg L(-1) of 4-EG and 2.55±0.10 g L(-1) of other total phenolic compounds. The analyses performed indicated that PANI-EB is more effective in removing 4-EG than PANI-ES, with retention percentages varying between 36 and 50%.
Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis, Chemistry Institute of Natural Resources, Universidad de Talca, Chile.
Adolfo
A
Marican
Nanobiotechnology Division at Universidad de Talca, Fraunhofer Chile Research Foundation - Center for Systems Biotechnology (FCR-CSB), P.O. Box 747, Talca, Chile.
Verónica
V
Carrasco-Sánchez
Nanobiotechnology Division at Universidad de Talca, Fraunhofer Chile Research Foundation - Center for Systems Biotechnology (FCR-CSB), P.O. Box 747, Talca, Chile.
Amalraj
A
John
Nanobiotechnology Division at Universidad de Talca, Fraunhofer Chile Research Foundation - Center for Systems Biotechnology (FCR-CSB), P.O. Box 747, Talca, Chile; School of Agricultural Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Chile.
V Felipe
VF
Laurie
Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis, Chemistry Institute of Natural Resources, Universidad de Talca, Chile; Nanobiotechnology Division at Universidad de Talca, Fraunhofer Chile Research Foundation - Center for Systems Biotechnology (FCR-CSB), P.O. Box 747, Talca, Chile. Electronic address: lssantos@utalca.cl.
Leonardo S
LS
Santos
D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D006139:Guaiacol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000737:chemistry*; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis*
D000814:Aniline Compounds; D010455:Peptides; D010636:Phenols; D011108:Polymers; D059808:Polyphenols; C416807:polyaniline; D000431:Ethanol; D006139:Guaiacol; C084991:4-ethylguaiacol
4-EG; Conjugated polymers; HPLC-DAD; Polyaniline; QuEChERS; Wine