Repeatability of a multi-segment foot model with a 15-marker set in healthy adults.
BACKGROUND
Several 3D multi-segment foot models (MFMs) have been introduced for the in vivo analysis of dynamic foot kinematics. However, reproducibility of a model should be checked and ascertained before clinical utilization of a MFM. The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of recently introduced MFM with a 15-marker set by assessing the participant's stride-to-stride (intra-session) and visit-to-revisit (inter-session) repeatability.


METHODS
Twenty healthy adults with a mean age of 28.9 years (10 males and 10 females) were tested. Three representative strides from five separate trials were used for analysis from each session. Kinematic data of foot segmental motion was collected and tracked using the Foot3D Multi-Segment Software (Motion Analysis Co., Santa Rosa. CA). A retest was performed in the same manner at an interval of 4 weeks. Coefficients of multiple correlation (CMC) and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated in order to assess the intra-session and inter-session repeatability.


RESULTS
Inter-segment foot angles from healthy adults from a MFM with 15-marker set showed a narrow range of variability during the gait cycle. The mean intra-session ICC was 0.981 (±0.010), which was interpreted as excellent. The mean intra-session CMC was 0.948 (±0.027), which was interpreted as very good repeatability. The mean inter-session ICC was 0.886 (±0.047) and the mean inter-session CMC was 0.801 (±0.077), which were interpreted as excellent and good repeatability, respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
We demonstrated a MFM with a 15-marker set had high intra-session and inter-session repeatability, especially in sagittal plane motion. We thought this MFM would be applicable to evaluation of the segmental foot motion during gait.
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-no, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, South Korea.
Sang Gyo
SG
Seo
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-no, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, South Korea.
Dong Yeon
DY
Lee
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-no, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, South Korea.
Hyuk Ju
HJ
Moon
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-no, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, South Korea.
Sung Ju
SJ
Kim
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National, Korea University Boramae Medical Center, 20 Boramae-ro 5-gil, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-707, South Korea.
Jihyeung
J
Kim
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-Dong, Bundang-Gu, Sungnam, Kyungki 463-707, South Korea.
Kyoung Min
KM
Lee
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-Dong, Bundang-Gu, Sungnam, Kyungki 463-707, South Korea.
Chin Youb
CY
Chung
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-no, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, South Korea.
In Ho
IH
Choi
Foot 3D; Gait analysis; Multi-segment foot model; Repeatability