Margaritaria discoidea (Euphorbiaceae) stem bark extract attenuates allergy and Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis in rodents.
BACKGROUND
Various parts of Margaritaria discoidea find use in traditional medicine in the treatment of pain and oedema. This study evaluated the anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects of a 70% (v/v) aqueous ethanol extract of the stem bark of Margaritaria discoidea, MDE in rodents.


METHODS
Systemic anaphylaxis was induced by the injection of compound 48/80 into mice and their survival rate was monitored to evaluate the anti-allergic action of the extract. The effect of MDE assessed on the maximal and total oedema responses in the mouse carrageenan-induced paw oedema was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory action of the extract while the Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis model was employed to study the anti-arthritic effects of MDE.


RESULTS
MDE dose-dependently increased the time for compound 48/80-induced mortality in mice. MDE suppressed the mean maximal swelling and the total paw swellings induced over 6 h in the carrageenan-induced paw oedema when administered either prophylactically or therapeutically. MDE caused a reduction in serum levels of TNFα and IL-6 and significantly suppressed Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis.


CONCLUSIONS
Margaritaria discoidea suppresses allergy and exhibits anti-inflammatory activity in mice. In addition it attenuates Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis through a reduction in serum levels of TNFα and IL-6 in rats.
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharm. Sciences, College of Health Sciences, KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana.
David D
DD
Obiri
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharm. Sciences, College of Health Sciences, KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana.
Newman
N
Osafo
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharm. Sciences, College of Health Sciences, KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana.
Joshua
J
Oppong-Sarfo
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharm. Sciences, College of Health Sciences, KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana.
Jude K
JK
Prah
Allergy; Margaritaria discoidea; anaphylaxis; anti-inflammatory; arthritis