Benefits of a continuous therapy for cancer patients with a novel adoptive cell therapy by cascade priming (CAPRI).
A growing body of evidence shows that immune cells are pivotal in the fight against cancer. First, association studies have identified immune-protective immune response genes against cancer. Second, the presence of immune cells in the respective malignant tumor correlated with a better prognosis for the patients. Third, adoptive cell therapy (ACT) showed, in recent reports, an efficient reduction or even cure for malignant tumors. The focus of this review is a novel in vitro ACT technique, using the patient's cascade-primed immune cells. The cascade-priming procedure stimulates APCs from the peripheral blood. Stimulated APCs digest and present tumor material better and differentiate naive cytotoxic T-lymphocyte effector cells against the patient's cancer. The principle and the impressive results of the cascade-primed immune cell treatment in patient case series is compared with the ACT concepts of lymphokine-activated killer, macrophage-activated killer, macrophage-activated killer-dendritic cell, cytokine-induced killer and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte methods.
Immunotherapy Research Center Munich, Pettenkoferstr. 8, 80336 Munich, Germany.
Rudolf
R
Wank
Xin
X
Song
Songhai
S
Gu
Barbara
B
Laumbacher
D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000637:transplantation; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D055612:Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005805:Genes, MHC Class I; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive / Q000379:methods*; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D015979:Killer Cells, Lymphokine-Activated / Q000276:immunology; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D016246:Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology; D057285:Precision Medicine; D017260:Receptor-CD3 Complex, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology; D037182:T-Cell Antigen Receptor Specificity; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D006680:HLA Antigens; D017260:Receptor-CD3 Complex, Antigen, T-Cell