Ophthalmic drug dosage forms: characterisation and research methods.
This paper describes hitherto developed drug forms for topical ocular administration, that is, eye drops, ointments, in situ gels, inserts, multicompartment drug delivery systems, and ophthalmic drug forms with bioadhesive properties. Heretofore, many studies have demonstrated that new and more complex ophthalmic drug forms exhibit advantage over traditional ones and are able to increase the bioavailability of the active substance by, among others, reducing the susceptibility of drug forms to defense mechanisms of the human eye, extending contact time of drug with the cornea, increasing the penetration through the complex anatomical structure of the eye, and providing controlled release of drugs into the eye tissues, which allows reducing the drug application frequency. The rest of the paper describes recommended in vitro and in vivo studies to be performed for various ophthalmic drugs forms in order to assess whether the form is acceptable from the perspective of desired properties and patient's compliance.
Department of Drug Form Technology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
Przemysław
P
Baranowski
Department of Drug Form Technology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
Bożena
B
Karolewicz
Department of Drug Form Technology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
Maciej
M
Gajda
Department of Drug Form Technology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
Janusz
J
Pluta
D001682:Biological Availability; D004304:Dosage Forms; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D005123:Eye / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
D004304:Dosage Forms; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions