Multiple monolithic fiber solid-phase microextraction: a new extraction approach for aqueous samples.
A novel multiple monolithic fiber solid-phase microextraction (MMF-SPME) was designed and prepared. Two steps were involved in the preparation of MMF-SPME. Firstly, single thin fiber (0.5mm in diameter) was prepared by co-polymerization of vinylimidazole and ethylene dimethacrylate. Secondly, several thin fibers were bound together to obtain the MMF assembly. The extraction and desorption dynamics of MMF-SPME with different numbers of fibers were studied in detail. In order to demonstrate the usability of the new MMF-SPME, the extraction performance of MMF-SPME for 2-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol and pentachlorophenol was investigated in direct SPME mode. Results indicated that aqueous samples could form convection effectively within MMF-SPME because there were gaps between fibers. The extraction procedure was accelerated by the convection. At the same time, the MMF-SPME possessed high extraction capacity because more sorbent was employed. Under the optimized extraction conditions, low detection limits (S/N=3) and quantification limits (S/N=10) for the target analytes were achieved within the range of 0.13-0.29 μg/L and 0.44-0.98 μg/L, respectively. The MMF-SPME also showed a very long lifespan and good repeatability. Finally, the MMF-SPME was successfully applied to the analysis of tap, lake and ground water samples with spiked recoveries in the range of 73.8-101%.
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
Meng
M
Mei
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China. Electronic address: hxj@xmu.edu.cn.
Xiaojia
X
Huang
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
Dongxing
D
Yuan
D002733:Chlorophenols / Q000032:analysis; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D060106:Lakes / Q000737:chemistry; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
D002733:Chlorophenols; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014867:Water; C030683:2-chlorophenol; C024564:2,4,6-trichlorophenol; C004762:2,4-dichlorophenol
Chlorophenols; Monoliths; Multiple monolithic fiber solid-phase microextraction (MMF-SPME); Solid-phase extraction; Sorbents