Effect of hypotonic 0.18% sodium hyaluronate eyedrops on inflammation of the ocular surface in experimental dry eye.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the efficacy of hypotonic 0.18% sodium hyaluronate (SH) eyedrops in a mouse model of experimental dry eye (EDE).


METHODS
EDE was induced in C57BL/6 mice by a subcutaneous scopolamine injection and an air draft. The mice were divided into 4 groups according to topical treatment regimens: EDE control, isotonic 0.5% carboxymethycellulose (CMC), isotonic 0.1% SH, and hypotonic 0.18% SH. Tear volume, corneal smoothness, and corneal staining scores were measured at 5 and 10 days of EDE. Multiplex immunobead assay, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry for proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and inflammatory molecules were performed at 10 days of EDE.


RESULTS
The 0.18% SH group had a significantly lower corneal smoothness and staining scores than the 0.5% CMC and 0.1% SH groups at 10 days of EDE (P<0.05). The 0.18% SH group showed significantly low levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, monokine induced by interferon-γ, and interferon-γ-inducible protein 10 compared with the other groups (P<0.05). The mean percentages of CD4(+)CXCR3(+), CD40(+), and CD44(+) cells in the conjunctiva were significantly lower in the 0.18% SH group than in the other groups (P<0.05). In addition, the 0.1% SH group showed lower levels of TNF-α and IL-1β and percentages of CD40(+) and CD44(+) cells than the EDE and 0.5% CMC groups.


CONCLUSIONS
Hypotonic 0.18% SH eyedrops are more effective in improving ocular surface irregularity and staining and decreasing inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and cells on the ocular surface compared with isotonic 0.5% CMC or 0.1% SH eyedrops in the treatment of EDE.
1 Department of Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University , Gwangju, Korea.
Han Jin
HJ
Oh
Zhengri
Z
Li
Soo-Hyun
SH
Park
Kyung Chul
KC
Yoon
D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003315:Cornea / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D015352:Dry Eye Syndromes / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013666:Tears / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid