Changes in ethylene signaling and MADS box gene expression are associated with banana finger drop.
Banana finger drop was examined in ripening banana harvested at immature (iMG), early (eMG) and late mature green (lMG) stages, with contrasting ripening rates and ethylene sensitivities. Concomitantly, 11 ethylene signal transduction components (ESTC) and 6 MADS box gene expressions were comparatively studied in median (control zone, CZ) and pedicel rupture (drop zone DZ) areas in peel tissue. iMG fruit did not ripen or develop finger drop while eMG and lMG fruits displayed a similar finger drop pattern. Several ESTC and MADS box gene mRNAs were differentially induced in DZ and CZ and sequentially in eMG and lMG fruits. MaESR2, 3 and MaEIL1, MaMADS2 and MaMADS5 had a higher mRNA level in eMG and acted earlier, whereas MaERS1, MaCTR1, MaEIL3/AB266319, MaEIL4/AB266320 and MaEIL5/AB266321, MaMADS4 and to a lesser extent MaMADS2 and 5 acted later in lMG. In this fruit, MaERS1 and 3, MaCTR1, MaEIL3, 4 and MaEIL5/AB266321, and MaMADS4 were enhanced by finger drop, suggesting their specific involvement in this process. MaEIL1, MaMADS1 and 3, induced at comparable levels in DZ and CZ, are probably related to the overall fruit ripening process. These findings led us to consider that developmental cues are the predominant finger drop regulation factor.
CIRAD, UMR QUALISUD, F-97130 Capesterre-Belle-Eau, Guadeloupe, France; CIRAD, UMR QUALISUD, F-34398 Montpellier, France. Electronic address: olivier.hubert@cirad.fr.
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Hubert
CIRAD, UMR QUALISUD, F-97130 Capesterre-Belle-Eau, Guadeloupe, France; CIRAD, UMR QUALISUD, F-34398 Montpellier, France. Electronic address: gilbert.piral@ctcs-gp.fr.
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Piral
INRA, UMR QUALITROP, F-97170 Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe, France. Electronic address: Colette.galas@antilles.inra.fr.
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Galas
CIRAD, UMR AGAP/SEG, F-34398 Montpellier, France. Electronic address: franc-christophe.baurens@cirad.fr.
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Baurens
CIRAD, UMR QUALISUD, F-97130 Capesterre-Belle-Eau, Guadeloupe, France; CIRAD, UMR QUALISUD, F-34398 Montpellier, France. Electronic address: didier.mbeguie-a-mbeguie@cirad.fr.
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Mbéguié-A-Mbéguié
D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D005030:Ethylenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005638:Fruit / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant; D026161:MADS Domain Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D028521:Musa / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development*; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics*
D005030:Ethylenes; D026161:MADS Domain Proteins; D010455:Peptides; C036216:ethylene
Banana; Ethylene; Finger drop; MADS; Ripening