Vitamin d status in central europe.
Little published information is available regarding epidemiological data on vitamin D status in the large geographical region of Central Europe (CE). We searched the journal literature with regard to 25(OH)D concentrations among community-dwelling or healthy people living in CE. 25(OH)D concentrations varied by age, season, study sample size, and methodological approach [i.e., 25(OH)D assay used]. Concentrations of 25(OH)D in CE appeared lower than 30 ng/mL, and the magnitude of hypovitaminosis D was similar to that reported in Western Europe. While most of the studies reviewed were cross-sectional studies, a longitudinal study was also included to obtain information on seasonal variability. The longitudinal study reported wintertime 25(OH)D values close to 21-23 ng/mL for all studied age groups, with a significant increase of 25(OH)D in August reaching 42 ng/mL for those aged 0-9 years, but only 21 ng/mL for the elderly aged 80-89 years. The decrease in 25(OH)D with respect to age was attributed to decreased time spent in the sun and decreased vitamin D production efficiency. Based on the literature review on vitamin D status in the CE populations, it can be concluded that 25(OH)vitamin D levels are on average below the 30 ng/mL level.
Department of Biochemistry, Radioimmunology and Experimental Medicine, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland.
Pawel
0000-0002-1353-4541
P
Pludowski
Sunlight, Nutrition and Health Research Center, San Francisco, CA 94164-1603, USA.
William B
WB
Grant
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, Debrecen 4032, Hungary.
Harjit Pal
HP
Bhattoa
Department of Pediatrics, Charles University Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 500 05 Hradec, Czech Republic.
Milan
M
Bayer
D.F. Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev 04114, Ukraine.
Vladyslav
V
Povoroznyuk
Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, 220013 Minsk, Belarus.
Ema
E
Rudenka
Internal Medicine of Gomel Medical University, Gomel, Belarus.
Heorhi
H
Ramanau
2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest 1082, Hungary.
Szabolcs
S
Varbiro
Cardiology and Rheumatology of Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, 220013 Minsk, Belarus.
Alena
A
Rudenka
Department of Biochemistry, Radioimmunology and Experimental Medicine, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland.
Elzbieta
E
Karczmarewicz
Department of Biochemistry, Radioimmunology and Experimental Medicine, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland.
Roman
R
Lorenc
Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, 04 730 Warsaw, Poland.
Justyna
J
Czech-Kowalska
Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Disorders, Medical University of Bialystok, 15 274 Bialystok, Poland.
Jerzy
J
Konstantynowicz