The effect of low and moderate intensity aerobic exercises on sleep quality in men older adults.
OBJECTIVE
Sleep is an active and complex rhythmic state that may be affected by the aging process. The purpose of present research was to investigate the effect of low and moderate intensity aerobic exercises on sleep quality in older adults.


METHODS
The research method is quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design. The statistical sample included 45 volunteer elderly men with age range of 60-70 years-old that divided randomly in two experimental groups (aerobic exercise with low and moderate intensity) and one control group. In each group selected 15 older adults based on inclusion and exclusion criteria (such as, without sleep apnea, not smoking, and no taking hypnotic drugs). First, all subjects were evaluated by a doctor to confirm their physical and mental health. Also, the maximum heart rate (MaxHR) of subjects was obtained by subtracting one's age from 220. Furthermore, based on aerobic exercise type (40-50% MaxHR for low intensity group and 60-70% MaxHR for moderate intensity group) the target MaxHR was calculated for each subject. The exercise protocol consisted of 8 weeks aerobic exercises (2 sessions in per-week) based on Rockport one-mile walking/running test and the control group continued their daily activities. All subjects in per-test and post-test stages completed the Petersburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).


RESULTS
In pre-test stage, results showed that there were no significant differences between control and experimental groups in sleep quality and its components (P>0.05). On the other hand, results in post-test stage showed that there were significant differences between control and experimental groups in these variables (P<0.05). Also, the Tukey Post Hoc showed that the moderate intensity group scores in total sleep quality and its components were better than other groups (P<0.05). Finally, the low intensity group scores in total sleep quality and its components were better than control group (P<0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Generally, the present research showed that the aerobic exercises with moderate intensity (60-70% MaxHR) have a positive and significant effect on sleep quality and its components. Thus, based on these findings, the aerobic exercises with moderate intensity is a useful to improve the sleep quality and its components among community older adults were recommended.
Ahmad Ali Akbari Kamrani, Iranian Research Center on Ageing, University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Ahmad Ali
AA
Akbari Kamrani
Amir Shams, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
Amir
A
Shams
Parvaneh Shamsipour Dehkordi, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
Parvaneh
P
Shamsipour Dehkordi
Robabeh Mohajeri, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Robabeh
R
Mohajeri
Adults; Aerobic Exercises; Older; Sleep Quality