[Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV].
Globally, an estimated 3.3 million children were living with HIV in 2012 (around 1500 in France) In developed countries, the risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1 has been reduced to less than 1 %, thanks to the large diffusion of antiretroviral drugs given in pregnant women and in HIV-exposed children. The rare cases of HIV-1 MTCT are due to missed opportunities of HIV diagnosis in pregnant women or to late prescription of antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy. Neonatal screening for HIV in exposed newborns is based on repeated HIV RNA and/or DNA PCR, performed at 1-3days, 1, 3 and 6months of age. Even if the health of HIV-exposed children is not a concern in the vast majority of cases, future challenges will imply to study the potential long-term toxicity of ART because of the description of several biological, clinical and imaging alerts.
AP-HP, hôpital Necker-Enfants-malades, laboratoire de microbiologie, 75015 Paris, France; AP-HP, hôpital Necker-Enfants-malades, unité d'immunologie, hématologie et rhumatologie pédiatriques, 75015 Paris, France; EA 3620, université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France. Electronic address: pierre.frange@nck.aphp.fr.
Pierre
P
Frange
AP-HP, hôpital Necker-Enfants-malades, unité d'immunologie, hématologie et rhumatologie pédiatriques, 75015 Paris, France; EA 3620, université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; Institut IMAGINE, université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France.
Stéphane
S
Blanche
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001942:Breast Feeding; D002585:Cesarean Section; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents