Initial memory deficit profiles in patients with a cerebrospinal fluid Alzheimer's disease signature.
BACKGROUND
Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical onset is usually characterized by a memory complaint and a progressive memory deficit. The proportion of typical medial-temporal amnesia revealing AD remains unknown.


OBJECTIVE
The present study explores the episodic memory impairment profiles by the Free and Cued Selective Recall Reminding Test (FCSRT) in patients with initial memory complaint and a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker signature of AD.


METHODS
Seventy-three patients referred for memory complaint to the Centers for Memory, Resource and Research of Lyon and Montpellier (France) were included consecutively. All patients underwent an extensive neuropsychological examination and had a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ≥20 and a positive CSF AD signature. The patients were classified as having mild dementia or prodromal AD. Verbal episodic memory was assessed using the French version of the FCSRT exploring encoding, storage/consolidation, and cued delayed retrieval phases of memorization. Three different memory profiles were identified according to the results of FCSRT.


RESULTS
The median age was 72 year-old [interquartiles: 65-76]. The median MMSE score was 23 [interquartiles: 21-25]. 88% of the patients (n = 64) presented with a medial temporal amnesia profile. The dysexecutive amnesia and normal verbal episodic memory profiles represented respectively 5% (n = 4) and 7% (n = 5). There were no significant differences in term of age, gender, and MMSE score between the three profile groups.


CONCLUSIONS
In a population initially presenting with memory complaints and depicting a CSF AD signature, a high proportion of medial temporal amnesia is disclosed as expected, but also a proportion of dysexecutive amnesia and normal FCSRT.
Research and Resources Memory Center of Lyon, Hôpital des Charpennes, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
Jing
J
Xie
Research and Resources Memory Center of Montpellier, University Hospital of Montpellier, and INSERM U1040, Institute of Biotherapies, France.
Audrey
A
Gabelle
Research and Resources Memory Center of Lyon, Hôpital des Charpennes, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
Aline
A
Dorey
Research and Resources Memory Center of Lyon, Hôpital des Charpennes, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
Antoine
A
Garnier-Crussard
Neurobiology Department, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, France.
Armand
A
Perret-Liaudet
Research and Resources Memory Center of Lyon, Hôpital des Charpennes, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
Floriane
F
Delphin-Combe
Research and Resources Memory Center of Lyon, Hôpital des Charpennes, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
Anthony
A
Bathsavanis
Research and Resources Memory Center of Lyon, Hôpital des Charpennes, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
Virginie
V
Dauphinot
Research and Resources Memory Center of Montpellier, University Hospital of Montpellier, and INSERM U1040, Institute of Biotherapies, France.
Sylvain
S
Lehmann
Research and Resources Memory Center of Lyon, Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
Bernadette
B
Mercier
Research and Resources Memory Center of Lyon, Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France University Lyon I, Lyon, France INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, France.
Virginie
V
Desestret
Research and Resources Memory Center of Lyon, Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
Isabelle
I
Roullet-Solignac
Research and Resources Memory Center of Lyon, Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France University Lyon I, Lyon, France INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, France.
Alain
A
Vighetto
Research and Resources Memory Center of Lyon, Hôpital des Charpennes, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France University Lyon I, Lyon, France INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, France.
Pierre
P
Krolak-Salmon
D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000150:complications*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000502:physiology*; D008609:Mental Status Schedule; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014706:Verbal Learning / Q000502:physiology; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*
D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C075222:amyloid beta-protein (1-42); D016875:tau Proteins
Alzheimer's disease; cerebrospinal fluid; memory