[Complications due to malnutrition and intrauterine growth restriction in preterm newborns].
BACKGROUND
To analyze neonatal complications in preterm infants with or without previous diagnosis of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and malnutrition at birth.


METHODS
We integrated four preterm cohorts: IUGR and malnourished at birth (n = 24), IUGR without malnutrition (n = 22), without IUGR and malnourished (n = 43), and with proper weight without IUGR (n = 224). Nutritional status was determined by weighted index adjusted for weeks of gestation and fetal ultrasound IUGR. Apgar, type of resuscitation, neonatal morbidities, and hospital days of stay were analyzed at birth.


RESULTS
Malnutrition was observed more frequently in infants with preeclamptic or eclamptic mothers, or in multiple pregnancies. There were no differences in birth conditions between groups. There were more complications in cohorts of infants with IUGR, but even more if they had malnutrition as well. Infants with IUGR adjusted for gestational age had more days of hospital stay, without differences regarding their nutritional status.


CONCLUSIONS
In preterm infants, important growth impairments at birth (malnutrition) after being diagnosed with IUGR increase the likelihood of neonatal complications.
Facultad Mexicana de Medicina, Universidad La Salle, Distrito Federal, México. mario.rendon@imss.gob.mx.
Mayra Patricia
MP
Arteaga-Mancera
Mario Enrique
ME
Rendón-Macías
José
J
Iglesias-Leboreiro
Isabel
I
Bernárdez-Zapata
Francisco
F
Ortiz-Maldonado
D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000150:complications*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
Fetal growth restriction; Fetal nutrition disorders; Premature infant