title: The Turkish version of the Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score: cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and validity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS) is a questionnaire designed to evaluate pain, symptoms, function and physical activity after Achilles tendon rupture. The purpose of this study was to translate and culturally adapt the ATRS into Turkish and to determine its reliability and validity.
  
  
  METHODS
  The ATRS was translated into Turkish in accordance with the stages recommended by Beaton. Seventy-four patients (73 male; average age: 42.3 ± 7.6; range 27-63 years) suffering from previous Achilles tendon ruptures were included for the study. The ATRS-Turkish was administered twice at 7-14 days intervals with 52 of the 74 patients (51 male, average age: 41.8 ± 7.8) to assess the test-retest reliability. Cronbach's α was used for internal consistency, and the inter-rater correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to calculate the test-retest reliability. The Turkish Short-Form-12 (SF-12) and the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) were employed for validity estimation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.95) and the test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.98) were excellent. The mean interval between the two tests was 7.1 ± 3.1 days. The mean and standard deviation of the first and second assessment of the ATRS were 78.1 ± 23.1 and 79.1 ± 22.5, respectively. The correlation coefficient between the ATRS-Turkish and the FAOS subscales (pain, symptoms, activities of daily living, sports and recreational activities, and quality of life) were determined (r = 0.82, r = 0.66, r = 0.79, r = 0.83 and r = 0.60, respectively, p < 0.0001). The ATRS-Turkish displayed good correlation with the SF-12 physical component score (r = 0.63, p < 0.001) and no correlation with the SF-12 mental component score (r = 0.22, p = 0.06).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ATRS-Turkish was found to be reliable and valid for outcome evaluation after Achilles tendon ruptures.
  
  
  METHODS
  II.
authors.affiliation: Division of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul University, 34093, Bakirkoy, Istanbul, Turkey. fztebrukaya@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Ebru
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kaya Mutlu
authors.affiliation: Division of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul University, 34093, Bakirkoy, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Derya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Celik
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Önder
authors.initials: Ö
authors.lastname: Kiliçoglu
authors.affiliation: Division of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul University, 34093, Bakirkoy, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Arzu Razak
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Ozdincler
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Kungsbacka Hospital, Kungsbacka, Sweden.
authors.forename: Katarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nilsson-Helander
mesh_terms: D000125:Achilles Tendon / Q000293:injuries*; D000328:Adult; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012421:Rupture; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014175:Translating; D014421:Turkey; D055815:Young Adult