title: Beam-energy dependence of the directed flow of protons, antiprotons, and pions in Au+Au collisions.
abstract: Rapidity-odd directed flow (v1) measurements for charged pions, protons, and antiprotons near midrapidity (y=0) are reported in sNN=7.7, 11.5, 19.6, 27, 39, 62.4, and 200 GeV Au+Au collisions as recorded by the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. At intermediate impact parameters, the proton and net-proton slope parameter dv1/dy|y=0 shows a minimum between 11.5 and 19.6 GeV. In addition, the net-proton dv1/dy|y=0 changes sign twice between 7.7 and 39 GeV. The proton and net-proton results qualitatively resemble predictions of a hydrodynamic model with a first-order phase transition from hadronic matter to deconfined matter, and differ from hadronic transport calculations.
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authors.affiliation: Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: X P
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authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
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authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
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authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China.
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authors.affiliation: Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China.
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authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China.
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authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia.
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authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zoulkarneeva
authors.affiliation: Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany.
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authors.lastname: Zyzak