title: MR imaging of the urinary bladder.
abstract: MR imaging is the modality of choice for accurate local staging of bladder cancer. In addition, bladder MR imaging helps detect lymph node involvement, and in conjunction with computed tomography, provides complete staging. Familiarity with optimal imaging protocols, normal urinary bladder anatomy, and pathologic MR imaging appearances is essential for the radiologist. Evolving techniques, such as use of diffusion-weighted imaging and lymphotropic nanoparticle-enhanced MR imaging, may further enhance the ability of MR imaging in local and nodal staging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Leicester General Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester, Gwendolen Road, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK.
authors.forename: Moin M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Hoosein
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Leicester General Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester, Gwendolen Road, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK. Electronic address: arumugam.rajesh@uhl-tr.nhs.uk.
authors.forename: Arumugam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rajesh
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000473:pathology*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: Bladder cancer; Bladder imaging; Magnetic resonance imaging; Staging