title: What happens when teachers do not give students handouts?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Handouts have been a primary tool to help students learn and understand class content in lectures better. Some lecturers, however, do not provide handouts to students. Currently, little research has studied the disadvantages of lectures without handouts. We, therefore, aim to survey medical student opinions and behaviors in lectures with handouts comparing to lectures without.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study using questionnaires was conducted on first to fifth year medical students at the Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Study response rate was 89.5%. Less concentration in lectures without handouts was reported at 83.6%. Note-taking decreased 38.3% from 89.7% to 51.4% (p < 0.001) with a statistically significant increase of class-skipping behavior. Absence of handouts also resulted in a rise in photocopying peer lecture notes but had no significance increase in either self-directed or peer learning. There was no association between student grade point average and handout attitudes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Handouts are essential in lectures for medical students. Taking them away could immensely reduce student capability to concentrate and understand dynamic lectures. Providing handouts does not spoon-feed students with information. Rather, handouts help offer qualitative improvements to lectures.
authors.affiliation: Chulalongkorn University , Thailand.
authors.forename: Apinut
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wongkietkachorn
authors.forename: Jetbodin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Prakoonsuksapan
authors.forename: Danai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wangsaturaka
mesh_terms: D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004504:Education, Medical, Undergraduate / Q000379:methods*; D005180:Faculty, Medical; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D013663:Teaching / Q000379:methods*