title: A multi-process model of self-regulation: influences of mindfulness, integrative self-knowledge and self-control in Iran.
abstract: Self-regulation presumably rests upon multiple processes that include an awareness of ongoing self-experience, enduring self-knowledge and self-control. The present investigation tested this multi-process model using the Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) and the Integrative Self-Knowledge and Brief Self-Control Scales. Using a sample of 1162 Iranian university students, we confirmed the five-factor structure of the FFMQ in Iran and documented its factorial invariance across males and females. Self-regulatory variables correlated negatively with Perceived Stress, Depression, and Anxiety and positively with Self-Esteem and Satisfaction with Life. Partial mediation effects confirmed that self-regulatory measures ameliorated the disturbing effects of Perceived Stress. Integrative Self-Knowledge and Self-Control interacted to partially mediate the association of Perceived Stress with lower levels of Satisfaction with Life. Integrative Self-Knowledge, alone or in interaction with Self-Control, was the only self-regulation variable to display the expected mediation of Perceived Stress associations with all other measures. Self-Control failed to be implicated in self-regulation only in the mediation of Anxiety. These data confirmed the need to further examine this multi-process model of self-regulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Nima
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ghorbani
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: Mehran
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farhadi
authors.forename: Zhuo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D001007:Anxiety; D001364:Awareness; D003863:Depression; D004532:Ego; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D008297:Male; D064866:Mindfulness; D012649:Self Concept; D012647:Self-Assessment; D012927:Social Control, Informal; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Integrative Self-Knowledge; Iran; Mindfulness; Multi-process model; Self-Control; Self-regulation; Stress and coping