title: Effects of dietary amylase and sucrose on productivity of cows fed low-starch diets.
abstract: Recent studies have observed positive effects of both sucrose and exogenous amylase on the productivity of dairy cattle. Our objective was to evaluate direct effects and interactions of amylase and sucrose on dry matter intake (DMI), milk production, and milk components. Forty-eight multiparous Holstein cows between 70 and 130 d in milk were randomly assigned to each of 4 pens (12 cows/pen). Pens were randomly assigned to treatment sequence in a 4 × 4 Latin square design, balanced for carryover effects. Treatment periods were 28 d, with 24 d for diet adaptation and 4d for sample and data collection. The treatments were a control diet (36% NDF and 21% starch), the control diet with amylase [0.5 g/kg of DM; Ronozyme RumiStar 600 (CT); DSM Nutritional Products Ltd., Basel, Switzerland], a diet with sucrose replacing corn grain at 2% of DM, and the sucrose diet with amylase (0.5 g/kg of DM). All data were analyzed with mixed models, including the fixed effects of sugar, amylase, and their interaction, and the random effects of period and pen. Milk data included the random effects of cow nested within pen and pen × period to provide the error term for the pen-level analysis. Dry matter intake was not affected by treatments. Milk yield and milk composition were not altered by the inclusion of sucrose or amylase; however, a tendency for an amylase × sucrose interaction was observed for milk protein content, reflecting slightly lower milk protein concentrations for amylase and sucrose treatments (3.00 and 2.99 ± 0.03%) compared with the control and amylase + sucrose treatments (3.02 and 3.03 ± 0.03%). Solids-corrected and fat-corrected milk yields were not significantly altered by treatment, although the direct effect of amylase approached significance for both variables, suggesting possible small increases with amylase supplementation (~0.5 kg/d). Feed efficiency (energy-corrected milk divided by dry matter intake) numerically increased with either amylase (1.57 ± 0.12) or sucrose (1.60 ± 0.12) treatment, but the combination of the 2 resulted in feed efficiency similar to the control treatment (both 1.50 ± 0.12). The inclusion of amylase or sucrose did not affect DMI, productivity, or feed efficiency in mid-lactation cows fed low-starch, high-fiber diets.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506.
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Vargas-Rodriguez
authors.affiliation: DSM Nutritional Products Inc., Parsippany, NJ 07054.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Engstrom
authors.affiliation: DSM Nutritional Products Ltd., 4002 Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Azem
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506. Electronic address: bbradfor@ksu.edu.
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Bradford
mesh_terms: D000681:Amylases / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D007774:Lactation; D008892:Milk / Q000378:metabolism; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D013213:Starch / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013395:Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D008894:Milk Proteins; D013395:Sucrose; D013213:Starch; D000681:Amylases
keywords: enzyme; lactation; sugar