title: Association of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vitamin D and its receptor (VDR) have important roles in perinatal lung development. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between VDR gene polymorphism and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  VDR Fok I, Bsm I, Apa I, and Taq I polymorphisms were genotyped using restriction fragment length polymorphism in 109 preterm infants (47 with BPD, 62 without BPD).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In univariate analysis, Ff (odds ratio (OR) = 3.937, P = 0.022, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.22-12.69) and ff (OR = 5.23, P = 0.004, 95% CI = 1.69-16.23) genotypes of Fok I were associated with the increased risk of BPD; whereas tt genotype of Taq 1 was associated with a protective effect against BPD (OR = 0.30, P = 0.04, 95% CI = 0.09-0.94). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, variant Fok 1 genotype increased risk of BPD (OR = 4.11, 95% CI = 1.08-15.68, P = 0.038) independent of patent ductus arteriosus, sepsis, mechanical ventilation, and surfactant treatment. Taq 1, Bsm 1, and Apa 1 polymorphisms did not have any effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After adjusting for multiple confounders, VDR Fok 1 polymorphism was associated with the increased frequency of BPD. Further studies are needed to assess the contribution of VDR signaling to the pathogenesis of BPD and to determine if VDR polymorphisms may be suitable for identifying infants at high risk for BPD.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ozge Altun
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Koroglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Huseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Onay
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Bilin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cakmak
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Betul
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bilgin
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yalaz
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Seckin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tunc
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ferda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ozkinay
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nilgun
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kultursay
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000235:genetics*; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000235:genetics*; D014421:Turkey
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol