title: Expression of filaggrin-2 protein in the epidermis of human skin diseases: a comparative analysis with filaggrin.
abstract: Filaggrin-2 is a member of the S100 fused-type protein family, and the structural features and expression of filaggrin-2 are similar to those of profilaggrin, a protein essential for keratinization. In the present study, we investigated the expression profile of filaggrin-2 in patients with skin diseases using antibodies against the repetitive region of filaggrin-2. In tissue samples from patients with skin diseases which are associated with a decrease in filaggrin, including ichthyosis vulgaris, atopic dermatitis and psoriasis vulgaris, the expression level of filaggrin-2 was markedly decreased compared to that in normal skin samples. In contrast, the expression of filaggrin-2 increased in parallel with that of filaggrin in samples of tissue from patients with skin diseases associated with hyperkeratosis, such as lichen planus and epidermolytic ichthyosis. Interestingly, filaggrin-2 signals were observed in slightly higher layers of the epidermis in comparison to those of filaggrin. Similarly, the expression of filaggrin-2 proteins was induced slightly later than filaggrin in the cultured keratinocytes. These findings suggest that filaggrin-2 may play an overlapping role with filaggrin in epithelial cornification; however, it may also have a partially distinct role in the molecular processes of cornification.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan. Electronic address: tmakino@med.u-toyama.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Teruhiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Makino
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mizawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamakoshi
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan.
authors.forename: Mikiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takaishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadamichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimizu
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004817:Epidermis / Q000378:metabolism*; D000091344:Filaggrin Proteins; D006801:Humans; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: C000717249:FLG protein, human; C000717250:FLG2 protein, human; D000091344:Filaggrin Proteins; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins; D009418:S100 Proteins
keywords: Atopic dermatitis; Filaggrin; Filaggrin-2; Ichthyosis vulgaris; Psoriasis vulgaris; S100 fused-protein family