title: HIV prevalence trends, risky behaviours, and governmental and community responses to the epidemic among men who have sex with men in China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Numerous studies reported the rapid spread of HIV/AIDS epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. This paper aims to investigate the overall epidemic trend and associated high-risk behaviours among Chinese MSM and to explore the governmental and community responses to the epidemic.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HIV prevalence among Chinese MSM increased rapidly in all Chinese regions in the past decade and disproportionally affected the Southwest China. In addition to the high-risk homosexual behaviours, overlapping bisexual, commercial, and drug use behaviours are commonly observed among Chinese MSM. The Chinese government has significantly expanded the surveillance efforts among MSM over the past decade. Community responses against HIV have been substantially strengthened with the support of international aid. However, lack of enabling legal and financial environment undermines the role of community-based organisations (CBOs) in HIV surveillance and prevention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HIV continues to spread rapidly among MSM in China. The hidden nature of MSM and the overlapping homosexual, bisexual, and commercial behaviours remain a challenge for HIV prevention among MSM. Strong collaboration between the government and CBOs and innovative intervention approaches are essential for effective HIV surveillance and prevention among MSM in China.
authors.affiliation: The Kirby Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia ; Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia ; Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia ; Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: Eric P F
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Chow
authors.affiliation: Centre for Health Behaviors Research, School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
authors.forename: Joseph T F
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China.
authors.forename: Xun
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3974-8193
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.affiliation: Department of Sociology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China ; China Food and Drug Administration Institute of Executive Development, Beijing 100073, China.
authors.forename: Xiaohu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: The Kirby Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
authors.forename: Yanjie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: The Kirby Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia ; Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2343-084X
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003153:Community Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D058872:Epidemics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D018451:Homosexuality, Male / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011634:Public Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012309:Risk-Taking