title: The direct inhibition of MMP-2 and MMP-9 by an enzyme alginogel: a possible mechanism of healing support for venous leg ulcers.
abstract: Flaminal Forte is an enzyme alginogel,whose activity depends on the absorption and binding of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which are known to play a crucial role in delayed wound healing. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of Flaminal on MMP-2/-9 activity in ulcer exudate, ex vivo. Eight patients with bilateral venous leg ulcers were treated for 4 weeks with Flaminal Forte covered by hydrocolloid ('F' wounds), or with hydrocolloid alone ('H' wounds) as a reference control. Clinical assessment did not reveal any differences between F and H wounds regarding surface reduction and general wound condition. Nevertheless, although non-significant, there was a visible difference in peri-wound skin appearance in F wounds, as compared to H wounds. The wound exudate contained high MMP-2/-9 levels, which gradually decreased as wounds healed. The attenuation of MMPs was stronger in F than in H exudate, however, in standard zymography this difference appeared non-significant. Real-time zymography revealed that Flaminal mediated a powerful direct inhibition of gelatinolytic activity of wound exudate and of recombinant MMP-2/-9 in vitro.
authors.affiliation: MD, PhD, Cell Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland; NASMED Clinic of Phlebology, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Grzela
authors.affiliation: PhD, Cell Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Niderla-Bielinska
authors.affiliation: PhD, Cell Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Litwiniuk
authors.affiliation: BSc, MSB, PhD, Tissue Viability Unit, Institute of Health and Society, University of Worcester, UK.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: White
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000464:Alginates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005122:Exudates and Transudates / Q000201:enzymology; D005260:Female; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014647:Varicose Ulcer / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D005782:Gels; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9