title: Effects of polysaccharide on chicks co-infected with Bordetella avium and Avian leukosis virus.
abstract: Chicks' co-infection with immunosuppressive virus and bacteria seriously threaten the development of the poultry industry. In this study, a model was established in which chicks were injected with either subgroup B ALV (ALV-B)+Bordetella avium (B. avium), or ALV-B+B. avium+Taishan Pinus massoniana pollen polysaccharide (TPPPS), or B. avium only, or B. avium+TPPPS. The data showed that the group injected with ALV-B and B. avium exhibited significant inhibition of the immune function and therefore increased pathogenicity compared with the group injected with B. avium-only. Application of TPPPS effectively alleviated immunosuppression, and body weights increased sharply in the TPPPS groups compared with non-TPPPS groups. To some extent, TPPPS may reduce the proliferation of ALV-B. These results suggest that Pinus pollen polysaccharides are beneficial treating co-infections with immunosuppressive virus and bacteria and therefore have potential for development into safe and effective immunoregulator.
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China.
authors.forename: Fanxia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China.
authors.forename: Cong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China.
authors.forename: Cun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China.
authors.forename: Tinghe
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaohua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhongkun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China. Electronic address: zhurl@sdau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ruiliang
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001353:Avian Leukosis / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D001354:Avian Leukosis Virus / Q000276:immunology; D030161:Avian Proteins / Q000097:blood; D001885:Bordetella Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D042482:Bordetella avium / Q000276:immunology; D002645:Chickens / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D060085:Coinfection / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000097:blood; D028223:Pinus / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011058:Pollen / Q000737:chemistry; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D030161:Avian Proteins; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D007376:Interleukin-2; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides; D007371:Interferon-gamma
keywords: Bordetella avium; Co-infection; Immunoregulation; Subgroup B Avian leukosis virus; Taishan Pinus massoniana pollen polysaccharide