title: The standardized extract of Ziziphus jujuba fruit (jujube) regulates pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in cultured murine macrophages: suppression of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated NF-κB activity.
abstract: The fruit of Ziziphus jujuba Mill., known as jujube or Chinese date, is commonly consumed as a health supplement or herbal medicine worldwide. To study the beneficial role of jujube in regulating immune response, we investigated its roles on the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines in cultured macrophages. Application of chemically standardized jujube water extract for 24 h stimulated the transcriptional expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in cultured RAW 264.7 macrophages. In contrast, the pretreatment with jujube water extract suppressed the expression of IL-1β and IL-6, but not for TNF-α in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. The IL-1β and IL-6 cytokines in LPS-induced macrophages were suppressed by jujube water extract in both mRNA and protein levels. In parallel, the inhibition of jujube water extract on the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor-kappa B was revealed in LPS-induced macrophages. These results verified the bidirectional immune-modulatory roles of jujube by regulating the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines in macrophages.
authors.affiliation: Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Jianping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Crystal Y Q
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Kelly Y C
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Wendy L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Candy T W
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Artemis L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: David T W
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.forename: Tina T X
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Karl W K
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Tsim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D031957:Ziziphus / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
keywords: NF-κB; Rhamnaceae; Ziziphus jujuba; immune-modulatory property; pro-inflammatory cytokines