title: Multimodality imaging of diseases of the duodenum.
abstract: The duodenum is a unique segment of intestine, occupying both intra and extra-peritoneal locations. There is a wide spectrum of abnormalities of the duodenum that range from congenital anomalies to traumatic, inflammatory, and neoplastic entities. The duodenum may be overlooked on cross-sectional imaging due to its location and small size. Duodenal pathologies may, therefore, be missed or wrongly diagnosed. Knowledge about duodenal pathologies and optimal imaging techniques can increase diagnostic yield and permit optimal patient management. Conventionally, the duodenum was evaluated with upper GI studies on fluoroscopy; however, endoluminal evaluation is better performed with endoscopy. Additionally, a broad array of cross-sectional imaging modalities permits comprehensive assessment of the duodenum and surrounding viscera. While endoscopic sonography is increasingly used to locally stage duodenal malignancies, MDCT remains the primary modality widely used in the detection and characterization of duodenal abnormalities. MRI is used as a "problem solving" modality in select conditions. We present a comprehensive review of duodenal abnormalities with an emphasis on accurate diagnosis and management.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA, mcneeley@u.washington.edu.
authors.forename: Michael F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: McNeeley
authors.forename: Neeraj
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lalwani
authors.forename: Ganeshan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dhakshina Moorthy
authors.forename: Jeffery
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Maki
authors.forename: Manjiri K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Dighe
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lehnert
authors.forename: Srinivasa R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Prasad
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D049448:Cholangiopancreatography, Magnetic Resonance / Q000379:methods; D003287:Contrast Media; D004378:Duodenal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004386:Duodenum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D064847:Multimodal Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media