title: Validation of the generalized anxiety disorder-7 in people with epilepsy: a MEPSY study.
abstract: The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) is a valuable instrument to screen for anxiety in primary care patients. However, it has not been validated in people with epilepsy (PWE). Therefore, we validated the GAD-7 and examined its differential effect from adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) on the detection of anxiety in Korean PWE. Eligible patients who visited outpatient clinics in 4 tertiary care hospitals and 1 secondary care hospital underwent several instruments including the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview-Plus Version 5.0.0 (MINI-Plus 5.0.0), the Korean version of the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (K-NDDI-E), the Korean version of the Liverpool Adverse Event Profile (K-LAEP), and the Quality of Life in Epilepsy-10 (QOLIE-10). Two hundred forty-three patients were enrolled in the study, and 51 (21.0%) patients had GAD by the MINI-Plus 5.0.0. Cronbach's α coefficient for the GAD-7 was 0.924. At a cutoff score of 6, the GAD-7 had a sensitivity of 92.2%, a specificity of 89.1%, a positive predictive value of 69.1%, and a negative predictive value of 97.7%. The GAD-7 score was well correlated with the K-NDDI-E score, the K-LAEP score, and the QOLIE-10 overall and subscale scores. The impact of adverse effects of AEDs on the GAD-7 was less than that on the K-NDDI-E. In conclusion, the GAD-7 is a reliable and valid screening tool for detecting GAD in PWE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Geun
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Won
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Se-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Daegu Fatima Hospital, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jang-Joon
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hye-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: sppark@mail.knu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Sung-Pa
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011788:Quality of Life; D012372:ROC Curve; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014175:Translating
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants
keywords: Anxiety; Depression; Epilepsy; GAD-7; Validity