title: The acute response of apoptosis and migration to resistance exercise is protocol-dependent.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to compare the acute effects of resistance exercise (RE) designed for hypertrophy or local muscle endurance (LME) on CD4+ and CD8+ T cell apoptosis and migration. 14 untrained subjects (age 20.5±0.8 years, body mass 70.0±12.8 kg, body mass index 24.0±3.2 kg/m(2)), women (N=11) and men (N=3) completed 2 RE sessions (3 sets of 9 exercises) designed for hypertrophy at 10 repetitions maximum (RM) and LME at 60% of 10RM with 1-min rest-intervals between sets and exercises. The investigated lymphocytes were: CD4+, CD4+/CD69RA+, CD8+ and CD8+/CD69RA+ with cell surface markers annexin V and CX3CR1 analyzed by flow cytometry. Percentage of CD4+ positive for annexin V+ were higher immediately following and 24 h after the hypertrophy protocol as compared with LME, while CD4+ positive for CX3CR1 were higher immediately after and lower at the 24 h time point after LME as compared with the hypertrophy session. CD8+ lymphocytes responded similarly to the hypertrophy and LME protocols with elevations in both cellular migration and cell death immediately following and 24 h after the bouts (p≤0.05). Considering that the acute response of CD4+ lymphocytes to RE is protocol-dependent, a gradual adaptation to a hypertrophy program could minimize the effect on CD4+ lymphocytes and reduce the potential susceptibility to antigens during this timeframe. This would also be interesting for a RE program designed for LME based on the observed CD8+ lymphocyte response.
authors.affiliation: Graduation Program on Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Prestes
authors.affiliation: Physical Education Department, Federal University of Maranhao, Sao Luis, Brazil.
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Graduation Program on Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Tibana
authors.affiliation: Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, United States.
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Navalta
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D002465:Cell Movement; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult