title: AMP-activated protein kinase is involved in induction of protective autophagy in astrocytes exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation.
abstract: AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) acts as the intracellular ATP depletion sensor, which detects and limits increases in the AMP/ATP ratio. AMPK may be significantly activated under stress conditions that deplete cellular ATP levels such as ischemia/hypoxia or glucose deprivation. Recent studies strongly suggest that AMPK participates in autophagy regulation, but it is not known whether AMPK activated by ischemia regulates autophagy in astrocytes and the consequence of autophagy activation in ischemic astrocytes are unclear. We have investigated the contribution of AMPK to autophagy activation in rat primary astrocyte cultures subjected to ischemia-simulating conditions (combined oxygen glucose deprivation, OGD) and its potential effects on astrocyte damage induced by OGD (1-12 h). The evidence supports the conclusion that AMPK activation at early stages of OGD is involved in induction of protective autophagy in astrocytes. Inhibition of AMPK, either by siAMPKα1 or by compound C, significantly attenuated the expression of autophagy-related proteins and decrease of astrocyte viability following OGD. The findings provide additional data about the role of AMPK in ischemic astrocytes and downstream responses that may be involved in OGD-induced protective autophagy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Silesia, Medyków 18, PL 40-752 Katowice, Poland.
authors.forename: Bożena
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gabryel
authors.forename: Alicja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kost
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kasprowska
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liber
authors.forename: Grzegorz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Machnik
authors.forename: Ryszard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wiaderkiewicz
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Łabuzek
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects*; D000071186:Beclin-1; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D000071186:Beclin-1; D005947:Glucose; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C512829:Becn1 protein, rat; C526109:Anxa3 protein, rat
keywords: AMPK; astrocytes; autophagy; ischemia