title: Self-Awareness of Executive Functioning Deficits in Adolescents With ADHD.
abstract: Children with ADHD lack self-awareness of their social and academic deficits, frequently rating themselves more favorably than external sources. The purpose of the current study was to assess whether adolescents with ADHD also hold a positive bias toward their executive functioning (EF).
  
  
  
  Participants include 22 control and 35 ADHD subjects, aged 11 to 16. Participants and their parents completed the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning (BRIEF) Self and Parent forms, respectively. Discrepancy scores were calculated for each domain by subtracting the adolescents' T-score from the parents' T-score.
  
  
  
  Discrepancy scores were significantly higher in the ADHD group than controls within the Inhibit, Shift, Monitor, Emotional Control, Working Memory, and Plan/Organization domains (all p < .05).
  
  
  
  As compared with controls, adolescents with ADHD tend to endorse fewer EF difficulties than what parents report. This is the first study to demonstrate that those with ADHD may overestimate their EF ability.
authors.affiliation: 1 Austin Neuropsychology, PLLC, TX, USA.|2 University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Kayla A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Steward
authors.affiliation: 1 Austin Neuropsychology, PLLC, TX, USA.|2 University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: 1 Austin Neuropsychology, PLLC, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Lauren
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Delgaty
authors.affiliation: 2 University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Mitzi M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Gonzales
authors.affiliation: 1 Austin Neuropsychology, PLLC, TX, USA.|2 University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bunner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D001364:Awareness / Q000502:physiology; D000067290:Behavior Rating Scale; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D004522:Educational Status; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology; D056344:Executive Function / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology; D012649:Self Concept; D057566:Self Report
keywords: BRIEF; adolescent ADHD; executive function; self-report