title: Tracheal intubation of pediatric manikins during ongoing chest compressions. Does Glidescope® videolaryngoscope improve pediatric residents' performance?
abstract: Our objective was to test the ability of pediatric residents to intubate the trachea of infant and child manikins during continuous chest compressions (CC) by means of indirect videolaryngoscopy with Glidescope® versus standard direct laryngoscopy. A randomized crossover simulation trial was designed. Twenty-three residents trained to intubate child and infant manikins were eligible for the study. They were asked to perform tracheal intubation in manikins assisted by both standard laryngoscopy and Glidescope® while a colleague delivered uninterrupted chest compressions. In the infant cardiac arrest scenario, the median (IQR) total time for intubation was significantly shorter with the Miller laryngoscope [28.2 s (20.4-34.4)] than with Glidescope® [38.0 s (25.3-50.5)] (p = 0.021). The number of participants who needed more than 30 s to intubate the manikin was also significantly higher with Glidescope® (n = 13) than with the Miller laryngoscope (n = 7, p = 0.01). In the child scenario, the total time for intubation and number of intubation failures were similar with Macintosh and Glidescope® laryngoscopes. The participants' subjective difficulty of the procedure was similar for direct and videolaryngoscopy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In simulated infant and child cardiac arrest scenarios, pediatric residents are able to intubate the trachea during CC. The videolaryngoscope Glidescope® does not improve performance in this setting.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Emergency and Critical Care Division, Pediatric Area, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia's Public Health System (SERGAS), A Choupana, s/n, Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Antonio.Rodriguez.Nunez@sergas.es.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Núñez
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moure-González
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Blanco
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Oulego-Erroz
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Rivas
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cortiñas-Díaz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002983:Clinical Competence; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000628:therapy*; D006336:Heart Massage; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007396:Internship and Residency; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D020704:Laryngoscopes; D007828:Laryngoscopy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008348:Manikins; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000193:education; D013030:Spain; D013997:Time Factors; D014741:Video Recording