title: Nurses' evaluations of the CPOT use at 12-month post-implementation in the intensive care unit.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Performing routine pain assessments with all intensive care unit (ICU) patients is strongly recommended in clinical practice guidelines. As many ICU patients are unable to self-report, the Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT) is one of the two behavioural pain scales suggested for clinical use. Still, no study has described the evaluations of its use in ICU daily practice.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the nurses' evaluation of the feasibility, clinical relevance and satisfaction with the CPOT use 12 months after its implementation in the ICU.
  
  
  METHODS
  A descriptive design was used. It was conducted in the medical-surgical ICU of a university affiliated setting at Greenfield Park (Québec, Canada). A self-administered evaluation questionnaire including four sections (i.e. feasibility, clinical relevance, satisfaction and socio-demographic information) was completed by ICU nurses who were all trained to use the CPOT. The questionnaires were completed anonymously.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 38 ICU nurses returned their completed questionnaire (63% participation rate). Regarding its feasibility, the majority rated the CPOT as quick to use, simple to understand and easy to complete (92-100%). According to clinical relevance, close to 70% of ICU nurses acknowledged that the CPOT had influenced their practice, but lower results (<50%) were found for effective communication of pain assessment findings with the physicians and other health professionals. More than 80% of ICU nurses were satisfied with its daily use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CPOT use was deemed feasible and relevant in daily practice as per the nurses' evaluations but did not allow an effective communication with other ICU care team members.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Training should be offered to all members of the ICU care team, and other implementation strategies should be explored as well to ensure optimal uptake of a pain assessment approach which impacts on their decision-making process for pain management.
authors.affiliation: McGill University, Ingram School of Nursing, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Centre for Nursing Research and Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Québec, Canada; The Alan Edwards Center for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Quebec Pain Research Network (QPRN); and Quebec Nursing Intervention Research Network (RRISIQ), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gélinas
authors.forename: Melody
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: Madalina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boitor
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Desjardins
authors.forename: Francine
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vaillant
authors.forename: Cécile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Michaud
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008297:Male; D009730:Nursing Assessment; D019370:Observation; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000451:nursing*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: CPOT; Clinical relevance; Evaluation; Feasibility; Intensive care nursing