title: Improved multislice perfusion imaging with velocity-selective arterial spin labeling.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To improve the multislice performance of velocity-selective arterial spin labeling (VS-ASL) imaging for cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurement such that it might be routinely applied for clinical applications with whole brain coverage.
  
  
  METHODS
  VS-ASL was performed with improvements such as timing optimization, stimulated echo removal, and slice profile sharpening. Each improvement was evaluated in volunteers by measuring temporal noise in the CBF measurement. VS-ASL with all these improvements was performed in 20 patients with Moyamoya disease some of whom also underwent xenon-enhanced CT (xeCT) imaging which was the reference standard for CBF measurement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sequence timing optimization and inter-slice crosstalk reduction using stimulated echo removal and slice profile sharpening all contributed to reduction of temporal noise. VS-ASL imaging with all these improvements performed in Moyamoya disease patients showed significant reduction of temporal noise (P < 0.0001) and increased correlation coefficient with xeCT CBF imaging (from 0.07 to 0.62).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrated that timing optimization, stimulated echo removal, and slice profile improvement have a large effect on image quality and robustness of VS-ASL in clinical imaging applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
authors.forename: Zungho
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zun
authors.forename: Brian A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Hargreaves
authors.forename: Jarrett
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rosenberg
authors.forename: Greg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zaharchuk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009072:Moyamoya Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013113:Spin Labels
chemical_list: D013113:Spin Labels
keywords: ASL; VS-ASL; arterial spin labeling; multislice; velocity-selective arterial spin labeling