title: Effect of electroacupuncture combined with tolterodine on treating female mixed urinary incontinence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effectiveness of combination therapy of electroacupuncture and tolterodine in treating female patients with mixed urinary incontinence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-one women with mixed urinary incontinence were recruited to receive electroacupuncture therapy or combination therapy with electroacupuncture and tolterodine 2 mg orally twice a day for 8 weeks. In electroacupuncture therapy, the acupoints, including BL32 (Ci Liao), BL35 (Hui Yang), SP6 (San Yin Jiao), and ST36 (Zu San Li), were selected with the stimulation of a low-frequency (20 Hz) disperse-dense wave. The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire score, the number of incontinence episodes, and urine leakage were measured before and after the treatment to evaluate the effect.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Response rates were 73.5% and 78.4% in electroacupuncture therapy group and in the combination therapy group respectively. No significant differences were found when group outcomes were compared. The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire score, the number of incontinence episodes, and urine leakage improved significantly (P < .001) after 8 weeks compared with baseline values in both groups. Significantly more patients in the combination therapy group experienced more than 50% reduction in the number of incontinent episodes than in the electroacupuncture group (75.7% vs 58.8%, P < .01). They also had significantly less urine leakage than those in electroacupuncture therapy group (11.2 ± 7.6 g vs 15 ± 9.1 g) (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The effect of electroacupuncture for female mixed urinary incontinence may be enhanced by tolterodine.
authors.affiliation: Chunlan Jin, MD, L.Ac., Attending physician, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, and Division of Gynecology, Hospital of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dong Cheng District, Beijing, China. Xinyao Zhou, MD, Attending physician, Division of Internal Medicine, Guang An Men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, China. Ran Pang, MD, Attending surgeon, Division of Urology, Guang An Men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, China, and Visiting scientist, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Chunlan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Xinyao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pang
mesh_terms: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003408:Cresols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010665:Phenylpropanolamine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000068737:Tolterodine Tartrate; D004561:Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000628:therapy*; D064804:Urological Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D003408:Cresols; D064804:Urological Agents; D010665:Phenylpropanolamine; D000068737:Tolterodine Tartrate