title: Implantable ultrasonic imaging assembly for automated monitoring of internal organs.
abstract: An implantable miniaturized imaging device can be attractive in many clinical applications. They include automated, periodic, high-resolution monitoring of susceptible organs for early detection of an anomalous growth. In this paper, we propose an implantable ultrasonic imager capable of online high-resolution imaging of a region inside the body. A feasibility analysis is presented, with respect to design of such a system and its application to online monitoring of tumor growth in deep internal organs. We use ultrasound (US) imaging technology, as it is safe, low-cost, can be easily miniaturized, and amenable for long-term, point-of-care (POC) monitoring. The design space of the proposed system has been explored including form factor, transducer specifications and power/energy requirements. We have analyzed the effectiveness of the system in timely detection of anomalous growth in a case study through software simulations using a widely-accepted ultrasonic platform (Field II). Finally, through experimental studies using medical grade phantoms and an ultrasound scanner, we have evaluated the system with respect to its major imaging characteristics. It is observed that interstitial imaging under area/power constraints would achieve significantly better imaging quality in terms of contrast sensitivity and spatial resolution than existing techniques in deep, internal body parts, while maintaining the automated monitoring advantages.
authors.forename: Abhishek
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Basak
authors.forename: Vaishnavi
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ranganathan
authors.forename: Swarup
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhunia
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D058998:Remote Sensing Technology / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods