title: Aerosol Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection causes rapid loss of diversity in gut microbiota.
abstract: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an important human pathogen, and yet diagnosis remains challenging. Little research has focused on the impact of M. tuberculosis on the gut microbiota, despite the significant immunological and homeostatic functions of the gastrointestinal tract. To determine the effect of M. tuberculosis infection on the gut microbiota, we followed mice from M. tuberculosis aerosol infection until death, using 16S rRNA sequencing. We saw a rapid change in the gut microbiota in response to infection, with all mice showing a loss and then recovery of microbial community diversity, and found that pre-infection samples clustered separately from post-infection samples, using ecological beta-diversity measures. The effect on the fecal microbiota was observed as rapidly as six days following lung infection. Analysis of additional mice infected by a different M. tuberculosis strain corroborated these results, together demonstrating that the mouse gut microbiota significantly changes with M. tuberculosis infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Winglee
authors.affiliation: Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Emiley
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Eloe-Fadrosh
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Shashank
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Haidan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fraser
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bishai
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D000818:Animals; D044822:Biodiversity; D005260:Female; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology*; D051379:Mice; D064307:Microbiota; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000502:physiology*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S