title: Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A up-regulated by progesterone promotes adhesion and proliferation of trophoblastic cells.
abstract: Embryo implantation and development is a complex biological process for the establishment of the successful pregnancy. Progesterone is a critical factor in the regulation of embryo adhesion to uterine endometrium and proliferation. Although it has been reported that pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPPA) is increased in pregnant women, the relationship between progesterone and PAPPA, and the effects of PAPPA on embryo adhesion and proliferation are still not clear. The present results showed that the serum level of progesterone and PAPPA was closely correlated by ELISA assay (p<0.01). PAPPA was detected in the villi of early embryo by RT-PCR, Western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescent staining. Moreover, PAPPA was significantly up-regulated by progesterone in trophoblastic (JAR) cells by Real-time PCR and ELISA assay (p<0.01); while the expression was decreased by the progesterone receptor inhibitor RU486. The down-regulation of PAPPA by siRNA transfection or up-regulation of PAPPA by progesterone treatment significantly decreased or increased the adhesion rate of trophoblastic cells to human uterine epithelial cell lines (RL95-2 and HEC-1A), respectively (p<0.01), as well as the proliferation of trophoblastic cells. In conclusion, PAPPA is up-regulated by progesterone, which promotes the adhesion and proliferation potential of trophoblastic cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jiao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The Secondary Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian 116000, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hua-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Medical Clinical Laboratory, Yingkou Centeral Hospital Yingkou 115000, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
authors.forename: Xiao-Qi
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qiu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015735:Mifepristone / Q000494:pharmacology; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000378:metabolism; D011266:Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A / Q000378:metabolism*; D011374:Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000494:pharmacology; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D014599:Uterus / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; D015735:Mifepristone; D011374:Progesterone; D011266:Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A
keywords: PAPPA; adhesion; embryo; progesterone; proliferation