title: The role of speech prosody and text reading prosody in children's reading comprehension.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Text reading prosody has been associated with reading comprehension. However, text reading prosody is a reading-dependent measure that relies heavily on decoding skills. Investigation of the contribution of speech prosody - which is independent from reading skills - in addition to text reading prosody, to reading comprehension could provide more insight into the general role of prosody in reading comprehension.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The current study investigates how much variance in reading comprehension scores is explained by speech prosody and text reading prosody, after controlling for decoding, vocabulary, and syntactic awareness.
  
  
  METHODS
  A battery of reading and language assessments was performed by 106 Dutch fourth-grade primary school children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Speech prosody was assessed using a storytelling task and text reading prosody by oral text reading performance. Decoding skills, vocabulary, syntactic awareness, and reading comprehension were assessed using standardized tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hierarchical regression analyses showed that text reading prosody explained 6% of variance and that speech prosody explained 8% of variance in reading comprehension scores, after controlling for decoding, vocabulary, and syntactic awareness. Phrasing was the significant factor in both speech and text reading. When added in consecutive order, phrasing in speech added 5% variance to phrasing in reading. In contrast, phrasing in reading added only 3% variance to phrasing in speech.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The variance that speech prosody explained in reading comprehension scores should not be neglected. Speech prosody seems to facilitate the construction of meaning in written language.
authors.affiliation: Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Nathalie J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Veenendaal
authors.forename: Margriet A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Groen
authors.forename: Ludo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Verhoeven
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D032882:Comprehension; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009426:Netherlands; D010700:Phonetics; D011932:Reading; D012660:Semantics; D013018:Sound Spectrography; D013061:Speech Acoustics; D014705:Verbal Behavior; D014825:Vocabulary
keywords: reading comprehension; speech prosody; text reading prosody