title: Transradial versus transfemoral coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock: is transradial coronary intervention suitable for emergency PCI in high-risk acute myocardial infarction?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Data are limited regarding the clinical results of transradial coronary intervention (TRI) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by cardiogenic shock.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare the clinical results of TRI and transfemoral coronary intervention (TFI) in AMI patients who had cardiogenic shock and underwent emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 1, 2006, and August 31, 2012, a total of 507 consecutive patients with AMI underwent emergency PCI within 12 hours of onset. Eighty-five patients presented with cardiogenic shock and were enrolled. Among these patients, 60 underwent TRI and 25 underwent TFI. Outcome measures included the following: major bleeding and vascular complications; major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE); all-cause death; door-to-balloon time; and PCI procedural success.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TRI had a significantly lower rate of major bleeding and vascular complications within 30 days (6.7% vs. 28.0%; P<.05) and 1 year (log-rank P<.05) than TFI. No significant differences were observed between the two groups in the MACCE rate within 30 days (28.3% vs. 44.0%; P=.21) and 1 year (log-rank P=.06), and the all-cause death rate within 30 days (26.7% vs. 40.0%; P=.30) and 1 year (log-rank P=.09). In addition, TRI was not inferior to TFI in terms of door-to-balloon time (99.8 min vs. 110.4 min; P=.30) and PCI procedural success (95.0% vs. 96.0%; P>.99).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TRI is associated with fewer major bleeding and vascular complications than TFI, and it appears suitable for both low- and high-risk AMI patients, especially when AMI is complicated by cardiogenic shock.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, the Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, 6-11-1 Ohmorinishi Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8541, Japan. atsushi.iga-toho-303@med.toho-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iga
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wagatsuma
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikeda
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005260:Female; D005263:Femoral Artery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / Q000379:methods*; D017534:Radial Artery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012770:Shock, Cardiogenic / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D015996:Survival Rate; D061665:Time-to-Treatment; D016896:Treatment Outcome