title: What information do Dutch midwives give clients about toxoplasmosis, listeriosis and cytomegalovirus prevention? An exploratory study of videotaped consultations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess information provided by midwives about methods to prevent toxoplasmosis, listeriosis and cytomegalovirus, and whether the amount of provided information varied according to clients' and midwives' characteristics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intake consultations with 229 clients in four midwifery practices were videotaped between August 2010 and April 2011. Videotaped intake consultations, where infectious disease prevention were discussed, were evaluated, using a specifically designed nine-item scoring tool. Midwives and clients filled in a questionnaire about their background characteristics. Multilevel linear regression analysis was performed to establish associations between the amount of information provided and clients' and midwives' characteristics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total 172 consultations with fifteen midwives were suitable for analyses. Information about not eating raw or undercooked meat and not consuming unpasteurized dairy products was provided most often. Information about not sharing eating utensils with small children and thoroughly reheating all ready-to-eat foods were rarely provided. More information was provided when the client was a primigravidae or the consultation lasted longer than 50min.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Information on infectious disease prevention given to pregnant women by primary care midwives was insufficient; especially for cytomegalovirus prevention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A guideline for professionals on preventable infectious diseases may be useful to inform pregnant women properly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Midwifery Science, AVAG and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: pereboom_monique@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Monique T R
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Pereboom
authors.affiliation: Department of Midwifery Science, AVAG and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Manniën
authors.affiliation: Department of Midwifery Science, AVAG and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Kelly D J
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: van Almkerk
authors.affiliation: Department of Midwifery Science, AVAG and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Evelien R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Spelten
authors.affiliation: Department of Midwifery Science, AVAG and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Faculty of Theology, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Janneke T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Gitsels
authors.affiliation: Department of Midwifery Science, AVAG and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: Department of Midwifery Science, AVAG and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
authors.forename: Eileen K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Hutton
authors.affiliation: Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL), Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of General Practice & Elderly Care Medicine/EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: François G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Schellevis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008088:Listeriosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009426:Netherlands; D009721:Nurse Midwives; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000517:prevention & control*; D037841:Pregnant People / Q000523:psychology; D011295:Prenatal Care / Q000379:methods*; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000379:methods; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D012044:Regression Analysis; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014123:Toxoplasmosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014741:Video Recording; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cytomegalovirus; Education; Infectious diseases toxoplasmosis; Listeriosis; Pregnancy; Prenatal care; Prevention; Primary care; Videotaping