title: Impact of the RHANI Wives intervention on marital conflict and sexual coercion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effects of the RHANI (Reducing HIV among Non-Infected) Wives intervention on marital conflict and intimate partner violence (IPV) in urban India.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 2-armed cluster-randomized controlled trial (7 intervention, 6 control clusters) of the RHANI Wives intervention was conducted with 220 women contending with a history of IPV and/or husband's drunken behavior. Participants were surveyed at baseline and 4.5-month follow-up. Outcome measures included marital conflict (arguments with husband in past 3 months), marital IPV (physical or sexual violence from husband in past 3 months), and marital sexual coercion (husband forcing sex at last sex). Intention-to-treat logistic generalized linear mixed models were used to determine intervention impact.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One-third (35.0%) of participants reported physical or sexual abuse from their husband in the past 3 months, and 58.6% reported that their husband was drunk in the past 30 days. Intention-to-treat analyses indicated time×treatment reductions in marital conflict (risk ratio [RR] 0.4; 90% confidence interval [CI], 0.1-0.9; P=0.06) and marital sexual coercion (RR 0.2; 90% CI, 0.05-0.9; P=0.08), but not IPV.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest the potential utility of this intervention in reducing marital conflict and sexual coercion among women in urban India. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01592994.
authors.affiliation: Population Council, New Delhi, India. Electronic address: nsaggurti@popcouncil.org.
authors.forename: Niranjan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saggurti
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Saritha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.affiliation: Center on Gender Equity and Health, Division of Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA; Department of Society, Human Development and Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, USA.
authors.forename: Jay G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Silverman
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Dattaram D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Naik
authors.affiliation: Population Council, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Madhusudana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Battala
authors.affiliation: Center on Gender Equity and Health, Division of Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA; Joint Doctoral Program in Public Health (Global Health), San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego, USA.
authors.forename: Anindita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dasgupta
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Donta
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Balaiah
authors.affiliation: Center on Gender Equity and Health, Division of Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA; Department of Medicine, Section of General Internal Medicine, Clinical Addiction Research and Education, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, USA.
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Raj
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D013179:Spouse Abuse / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D047568:Unsafe Sex / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014505:Urban Population; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: HIV prevention; India; Marital conflict; Sexual Coercion; Violence