title: Prevalence of undiagnosed cardiovascular risk factors and 10-year CVD risk in male steel industry workers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the prevalence of undiagnosed cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a cohort of male steelworkers in South Wales, UK.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male steel industry workers (n = 221) with no prior diagnosis of CVD or diabetes accepted a CVD risk assessment within the work environment. Demographic, anthropometric, family, and medical histories were all recorded and capillary blood samples obtained. The 10-year CVD risk was predicted using the QRISK2-2012 algorithm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Up to 81.5% of workers were either overweight or obese. More than 20% of workers were found to have diastolic hypertension, high total cholesterol, and/or a total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein ratio of six or more. Over one quarter of workers assessed had an increased 10-year CVD risk.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite a physically demanding occupation, risk assessment in the workplace uncovered significant occult factors in CVD risk in a sample of male heavy industry workers.
authors.affiliation: From the Diabetes Research Group (Mr Gray, Dr Bracken, Mr Turner, and Prof Stephens), College of Medicine, Swansea University; Applied Sports Technology Exercise and Medicine Research Centre (Mr Gray, Dr Bracken, Mr Turner, and Dr Mellalieu), College of Engineering, Swansea University; Hywel Dda Health Board (Ms Morgan, Dr M. Williams, and Dr Rice), Prince Philip Hospital, Llanelli, Carmarthenshire, UK; Public Health Wales (Dr Thomas), Carmarthen, Carmarthenshire and TATA Steel Packaging Recycling (Dr S. P. Williams), Trostre, Llanelli, Carmarthenshire, UK.
authors.forename: Benjamin J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: Richard M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Bracken
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: Kerry
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: Stephen D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Mellalieu
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Sally P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Meurig
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Sam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rice
authors.forename: Jeffrey W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Stephens
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008669:Metallurgy; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013232:Steel; D014852:Wales
chemical_list: D013232:Steel