title: Dose Reduction in Fluoroscopic Interventions Using a Combination of a Region of Interest (ROI) X-Ray Attenuator and Spatially-Different, Temporally-Variable Temporal Filtering.
abstract: A novel dose reduction technique for fluoroscopic interventions involving a combination of a material x-ray region of interest (ROI) attenuator and spatially different, temporally variable ROI temporal recursive filter, was used to guide the catheter to the ROI in three live animal studies, two involving rabbits and one involving a sheep. In the two rabbit studies presented, a catheter was guided to the entrance of the carotid artery. With the added ROI attenuator the image under the high attenuation region is very noisy. By using temporal filtering with a filter weight of 0.6 on previous frames, the noise is reduced. In the sheep study the catheter was guided to the descending aorta of the animal. The sheep offered a relatively higher attenuation to the incident x-rays and thus a higher temporal filter weight of 0.8 on previous frames was used during the procedure to reduce the noise to levels acceptable by the interventionalist. The image sequences from both studies show that significant dose reduction of 5-6 times can be achieved with acceptable image quality outside the ROI by using the above mentioned technique. Even though the temporal filter weighting outside the ROI is higher, the consequent lag does not prevent perception of catheter movement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, University at Buffalo ; Toshiba Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo.
authors.forename: S N Swetadri
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Vasan
authors.affiliation: Toshiba Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo.
authors.forename: Liza
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pope
authors.affiliation: Toshiba Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo.
authors.forename: Ciprian N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Ionita
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, University at Buffalo ; Toshiba Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo.
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Titus
authors.affiliation: Toshiba Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo.
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Bednarek
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, University at Buffalo ; Toshiba Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rudin