title: Transformation of dissolved organic matters in swine, cow and chicken manures during composting.
abstract: The changes of dissolved organic matters (DOMs) extracted from swine, cow and chicken manures were assessed by Fourier transform infrared, ultraviolet, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), excitation-emission-matrix fluorescence (EEM-FL), Biolog Eco and (1)H NMR during 60-day composting. Pumice was adopted to eliminate the disturbing of common organic bulking agents. The results showed chicken manure had the highest DOC, DTN (dissolved total nitrogen) and lowest DOC/DTN among the three manures; cow manure had the highest volatile solids, lowest DTN, slowest DOMs hydrolysis rate and the fastest bio-stabilization rate. (1)H NMR showed the decrease rates of OC band and saturated carbon chain were distinctly faster than that of olefinic and aromatic structures. The molecular size distribution of DOMs in the three manures was in the range of 1-10 kDa detected by GPC. Microbial carbon utilization capacity decreased in cow manure with composting time, but the contrast was observed in the chicken and swine manures.
authors.affiliation: School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWER), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China.
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWER), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China. Electronic address: xkli312@163.com.
authors.forename: Xiangkun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore.
authors.forename: Chia-Lung
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Polymer Materials Research Center, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China.
authors.forename: Jianwei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWER), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China.
authors.forename: Nanqi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore.
authors.forename: Jing-Yuan
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002645:Chickens; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D008372:Manure / Q000032:analysis*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000032:analysis*; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D012987:Soil; D012995:Solubility; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013552:Swine; D014835:Volatilization
chemical_list: D008372:Manure; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D012987:Soil; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: Compost; Dissolved organic matter; Inorganic bulking agent; Manure; NMR