title: Role of fractalkine/CX3CL1 and its receptor in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and malignant diseases with emphasis on B cell malignancies.
abstract: Fractalkine/CX3CL1, the only member of the CX3C chemokine family, exists as a membrane-anchored molecule as well as in soluble form, each mediating different biological activities. It is constitutively expressed in many hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic tissues such as endothelial and epithelial cells, lymphocytes, neurons, microglial osteoblasts. The biological activities of CX3CL1 are mediated by CX3CR1, that is expressed on different cell types such as NK cells, CD14(+) monocytes, cytotoxic effector T cells, B cells, neurons, microglia, smooth muscle cells, and tumor cells. The CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis is involved in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory cancer including various B cell malignancies. In tumors the interaction between cancer cells and cellular microenvironment creates a context that may promote tumor growth, increase tumor survival, and facilitate metastasis. Therefore the role of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 has attracted interest as to the development of potential therapeutic approaches. Here we review the different effects of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis in several inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases and in cancer, with emphasis on human B cell lymphomas.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Oncology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ferretti
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Oncology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy.
authors.forename: Vito
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pistoia
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Oncology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Corcione
mesh_terms: D000073883:CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1; D054428:Chemokine CX3CL1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000073883:CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1; C095235:CX3CR1 protein, human; D054428:Chemokine CX3CL1; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine