title: Factors affecting blood pressure profile in pre and postmenopausal women with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is an independent risk factor for development of hypertension. Epidemiological surveys have found that risk of cardiovascular diseases increased in postmenopausal women. However, it is not well known about the profiles of hypertension of women with OSAHS in their different reproductive stages. This study aimed to investigate the difference of blood pressure profile between pre and postmenopausal women with OSAHS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women who were tested by polysomnography (PSG) (n = 207) in Ruijin Hospital were recruited in the study. The subjects were divided into two groups of premenopausal women (24 with and 30 without OSAHS), and two groups of postmenopausal women (116 with and 37 without OSAHS). Among the groups, the differences of demographic and PSG variables were compared. The factors influencing blood pressure were further studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of hypertension (56.9 %) in postmenopausal OSAHS patients was higher than the other three groups. Among OSAHS patients, both average systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of postmenopausal women were higher than those of premenopausal ones [(129.9 ± 16.16 mmHg vs. 123.7 ± 18.89), (84.96 ± 9.88 mmHg vs. 78.81 ± 10.34), P = 0.05, P < 0.01, respectively], with the elevation of DBP being more pronounced. For premenopausal women, body mass index (BMI) was the only factor affecting blood pressure (p < 0.05); in postmenopausal women, BMI was a factor affecting SBP, while BMI and apnea hypopnea index (AHI) affecting DBP (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Blood pressure profile of postmenopausal women with OSAHS was affected by both BMI and AHI. But those of premenopausal ones were predominantly related to BMI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
authors.forename: Hua Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Xiao Fei
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Lan
authors.forename: Qing Yun
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Li Na
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Xiu Juan
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Jin Hua
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.forename: Bei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D017286:Polysomnography; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000502:physiology*; D017697:Premenopause / Q000502:physiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013223:Statistics as Topic