title: Prevalence of tardive dyskinesia in chronic male inpatients with schizophrenia on long-term clozapine versus typical antipsychotics.
abstract: This study aimed to examine the prevalence and clinical associated variables of tardive dyskinesia (TD) in a large sample of Chinese inpatients with schizophrenia on long-term treatment with clozapine versus typical antipsychotics. A total of 584 male inpatients with schizophrenia on long-term clozapine (n=341) or typical antipsychotic (n=243) treatment were evaluated using the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS). The patient's psychopathology was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. The overall prevalence of TD was 44.5%, with rates of 48.7% in the clozapine group and 38.7% in the typical antipsychotic group (P=0.017). The AIMS score was significantly lower in typical than in clozapine groups (P<0.005). A multiple regression analysis showed that the following variables were significantly associated with the AIMS score: clozapine versus typical medication (P=0.008), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale negative subscore (P=0.017), and age (P=0.04). There are significant differences in the prevalence and clinical correlates of TD in schizophrenia treated with clozapine versus typical antipsychotics.
authors.affiliation: aWenzhou Kangning Hospital, Zhejiang bBiological Psychiatry Center, Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China cDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Harris County Psychiatric Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Minjie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Linjing
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Feixue
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jiahong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yuanling
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Da Chun
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yun Long
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Fu De
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hong Xiu
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hui
authors.forename: Meng Han
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: Jair C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.forename: Xiang Yang
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D044466:Asian People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003024:Clozapine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D003024:Clozapine