title: The complex role of inflammasomes in the pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - lessons learned from experimental models.
abstract: Inflammasomes are a large family of multiprotein complexes recognizing pathogen-associated molecular pattern molecules (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). This leads to caspase-1 activation, promoting the secretion of mature IL-1β, IL-18 and under certain conditions even induce pyroptosis. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) is associated with alterations in microbiota composition, inappropriate immune responses and genetic predisposition associated to bacterial sensing and autophagy. Besides their acknowledged role in mounting microbial induced host responses, a crucial role in maintenance of intestinal homeostasis was revealed in inflammasome deficient mice. Further, abnormal activation of these functions appears to contribute to the pathology of intestinal inflammation including IBD and colitis-associated cancer. Herein, the current literature implicating the inflammasomes, microbiota and IBD is comprehensively reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain; Neuroscience Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: monica.aguilera@uab.cat.
authors.forename: Mònica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aguilera
authors.affiliation: Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland. Electronic address: T.Darby@ucc.ie.
authors.forename: Trevor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Darby
authors.affiliation: Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland. Electronic address: s.melgar@ucc.ie.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Melgar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000276:immunology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D058847:Inflammasomes / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D064307:Microbiota / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: C508585:IL1B protein, human; C587672:IL1B protein, mouse; D058847:Inflammasomes; D020382:Interleukin-18; D053583:Interleukin-1beta
keywords: Caspase-1; Colitis-associated cancer; IBD; Inflammasomes; Microbiota