title: Distinct characteristics of mandibular bone collagen relative to long bone collagen: relevance to clinical dentistry.
abstract: Bone undergoes constant remodeling throughout life. The cellular and biochemical mechanisms of bone remodeling vary in a region-specific manner. There are a number of notable differences between the mandible and long bones, including developmental origin, osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells, and the rate of bone turnover. Collagen, the most abundant matrix protein in bone, is responsible for determining the relative strength of particular bones. Posttranslational modifications of collagen, such as intermolecular crosslinking and lysine hydroxylation, are the most essential determinants of bone strength, although the amount of collagen is also important. In comparison to long bones, the mandible has greater collagen content, a lower amount of mature crosslinks, and a lower extent of lysine hydroxylation. The great abundance of immature crosslinks in mandibular collagen suggests that there is a lower rate of cross-link maturation. This means that mandibular collagen is relatively immature and thus more readily undergoes degradation and turnover. The greater rate of remodeling in mandibular collagen likely renders more flexibility to the bone and leaves it more suited to constant exercise. As reviewed here, it is important in clinical dentistry to understand the distinctive features of the bones of the jaw.
authors.affiliation: Section of Fixed Prosthodontics, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Fukuoka Dental College, 15-1 Tamura 2-Chome, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4070-6852
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuura
authors.affiliation: Section of Fixed Prosthodontics, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Fukuoka Dental College, 15-1 Tamura 2-Chome, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan.
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tokutomi
authors.affiliation: Section of Fixed Prosthodontics, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Fukuoka Dental College, 15-1 Tamura 2-Chome, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan.
authors.forename: Michiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.affiliation: Section of Fixed Prosthodontics, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Fukuoka Dental College, 15-1 Tamura 2-Chome, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan.
authors.forename: Michitsuna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Katafuchi
authors.affiliation: Section of Fixed Prosthodontics, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Fukuoka Dental College, 15-1 Tamura 2-Chome, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan.
authors.forename: Emiri
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mizumachi
authors.affiliation: Section of Fixed Prosthodontics, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Fukuoka Dental College, 15-1 Tamura 2-Chome, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan.
authors.forename: Hironobu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism*; D003813:Dentistry; D006801:Humans; D008334:Mandible / Q000378:metabolism*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational
chemical_list: D003094:Collagen