title: Pupillary behavior in relation to wavelength and age.
abstract: Pupil light reflex can be used as a non-invasive ocular predictor of cephalic autonomic nervous system integrity. Spectral sensitivity of the pupil's response to light has, for some time, been an interesting issue. It has generally, however, only been investigated with the use of white light and studies with monochromatic wavelengths are scarce. This study investigates the effects of wavelength and age within three parameters of the pupil light reflex (amplitude of response, latency, and velocity of constriction) in a large sample of younger and older adults (N = 97), in mesopic conditions. Subjects were exposed to a single light stimulus at four different wavelengths: white (5600°K), blue (450 nm), green (510 nm), and red (600 nm). Data was analyzed appropriately, and, when applicable, using the General Linear Model (GLM), Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), Student's t-test and/or ANCOVA. Across all subjects, pupillary response to light had the greatest amplitude and shortest latency in white and green light conditions. In regards to age, older subjects (46-78 years) showed an increased latency in white light and decreased velocity of constriction in green light compared to younger subjects (18-45 years old). This study provides data patterns on parameters of wavelength-dependent pupil reflexes to light in adults and it contributes to the large body of pupillometric research. It is hoped that this study will add to the overall evaluation of cephalic autonomic nervous system integrity.
authors.affiliation: Neuro-Computing and Neuro-Robotics Research Group, Optometry and Vision Science Department, University Complutense of Madrid Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Luis-Lucio
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Lobato-Rincón
authors.affiliation: Neuro-Computing and Neuro-Robotics Research Group, Optometry and Vision Science Department, University Complutense of Madrid Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria Del Carmen
authors.initials: Mdel C
authors.lastname: Cabanillas-Campos
authors.affiliation: Neuro-Computing and Neuro-Robotics Research Group, Optometry and Vision Science Department, University Complutense of Madrid Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bonnin-Arias
authors.affiliation: Neuro-Computing and Neuro-Robotics Research Group, Optometry and Vision Science Department, University Complutense of Madrid Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chamorro-Gutiérrez
authors.affiliation: Neuro-Computing and Neuro-Robotics Research Group, Optometry and Vision Science Department, University Complutense of Madrid Madrid, Spain ; Department of Applied Mathematics (Biomathematics), University Complutense of Madrid Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Murciano-Cespedosa
authors.affiliation: Neuro-Computing and Neuro-Robotics Research Group, Optometry and Vision Science Department, University Complutense of Madrid Madrid, Spain ; Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University Complutense of Madrid Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Celia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Ramos Roda
keywords: aging; mesopic conditions; ocular predictor; pupil light reflex; pupillometry; wavelength