title: Biologic propensities and phytochemical profile of Vangueria madagascariensis J. F. Gmelin (Rubiaceae): an underutilized native medicinal food plant from Africa.
abstract: Vangueria madagascariensis (VM), consumed for its sweet-sour fruits, is used as a biomedicine for the management of diabetes and bacterial infections in Africa. The study aims to assess the potential of VM on α -amylase, α -glucosidase, glucose movement, and antimicrobial activity. The antioxidant properties were determined by measuring the FRAP, iron chelating activity, and abilities to scavenge DPPH, HOCl, (∙) OH, and NO radicals. Leaf decoction, leaf methanol, and unripe fruit methanol extracts were observed to significantly inhibit α -amylase. Active extracts against α -glucosidase were unripe fruit methanol, unripe fruit decoction, leaf decoction, and ripe fruit methanol, which were significantly lower than acarbose. Kinetic studies revealed a mixed noncompetitive type of inhibition. Leaf methanolic extract was active against S. aureus and E. coli. Total phenolic content showed a strong significant positive correlation (r = 0.88) with FRAP. Methanolic leaf extract showed a more efficient NO scavenging potential and was significantly lower than ascorbic acid. Concerning (∙) OH-mediated DNA degradation, only the methanol extracts of leaf, unripe fruit, and ripe fruit had IC50 values which were significantly lower than α -tocopherol. Given the dearth of information on the biologic propensities of VM, this study has established valuable primary information which has opened new perspectives for further pharmacological research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, 230 Réduit, Mauritius.
authors.forename: Nelvana
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ramalingum
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, 230 Réduit, Mauritius.
authors.forename: M Fawzi
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Mahomoodally
mesh_terms: D000349:Africa; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D002241:Carbohydrates; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007700:Kinetics; D000432:Methanol / Q000737:chemistry; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010851:Picrates / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D010945:Plants, Edible / Q000737:chemistry*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D019666:Rubiaceae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D000516:alpha-Amylases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D002241:Carbohydrates; D064209:Phytochemicals; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D000516:alpha-Amylases; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases; D005947:Glucose; D000432:Methanol