title: Feeding beliefs and practices of Chinese immigrant mothers. Validation of a modified version of the child feeding questionnaire.
abstract: The Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ) developed by Birch et al. (2001) is a widely used tool for measuring parental feeding beliefs, attitudes and practices. However, the appropriateness of the CFQ for use with Chinese populations is unknown. This study tested the construct validity of a novel Chinese version of the CFQ using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Participants included a convenience sample of 254 Chinese-Australian mothers of children aged 1-4 years. Prior to testing, the questionnaire was translated into Chinese using a translation-back-translation method, one item was reworded to be culturally appropriate, a new item was added (monitoring), and five items that were not age-appropriate for the sample were removed. Based on previous literature, both a seven-factor and an eight-factor model were assessed via CFA. Results showed that the eight-factor model, which separated restriction and use of food rewards, improved the conceptual clarity of the constructs and provided a good fit to the data. Internal consistency of all eight factors was acceptable (Cronbach's α: .60-.93). This modified eight-factor CFQ appears to be a linguistically and culturally appropriate instrument for assessing feeding beliefs and practices in Chinese-Australian mothers of young children.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave., Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia.
authors.forename: Wei-Hong
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave., Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia.
authors.forename: Kimberley M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Mallan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave., Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia.
authors.forename: Seema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mihrshahi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave., Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia. Electronic address: l2.daniels@qut.edu.au.
authors.forename: Lynne A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Daniels
mesh_terms: D044466:Asian People; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003469:Culture; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009035:Mothers; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000208:ethnology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Child Feeding Questionnaire; Chinese immigrants; Confirmatory factor analysis; Feeding practices