title: Laparoscopic skills and cognitive function are not affected in surgeons during a night shift.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To monitor surgeons' performance and cognition during night shifts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Surgeons were monitored before call and on call (17-hour shift). Psychomotor performance was assessed by laparoscopic simulation and cognition by the d2 test of attention. The surgeons performed the laparoscopic simulation and the d2 test of attention at 8 a.m. before call and at 4 a.m. on call. Sleep was measured by wrist actigraphy and sleepiness by the Karolinska sleepiness scale.
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of Surgery at Herlev Hospital, Denmark.
  
  
  METHODS
  Overall, 30 interns, residents, and attending surgeons were included and completed the study. One participant was subsequently excluded owing to myxedema.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The surgeons slept significantly less on call than before call. There was increasing sleepiness on call; however, no significant differences were found in the precall laparoscopic simulation values compared with on-call values. The d2 test of attention showed significantly improved values on call compared with before call.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sleep deprivation during a 17-hour night shift did not impair surgeons' psychomotor or cognitive performance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark. Electronic address: iamirian@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ilda
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Amirian
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.
authors.forename: Lærke T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.
authors.forename: Jacob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rosenberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.
authors.forename: Ismail
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gögenur
mesh_terms: D056044:Actigraphy; D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D013502:General Surgery; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000503:physiopathology; D020178:Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology
keywords: Patient Care; Practice-Based Learning and Improvement; Systems-Based Practice; actigraphy; d2 test of attention; laparoscopic simulation; night shifts; sleep deprivation; surgeons