title: Drug utilization in emergency medicine department at a tertiary care teaching hospital: A prospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The practice of emergency medicine has the primary mission of evaluating, managing and providing treatment to those patients with unexpected injury or illness. Instituting appropriate therapy is necessary for safety of the patients and to decrease mortality and morbidity. The objectives were to study the drug utilization pattern and direct cost of therapy in emergency medicine department of a tertiary care teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data of the patients admitted to emergency medicine department was collected prospectively for 48 h from the time of admission over 2 months. The prescriptions were analyzed for drug use pattern and direct cost of therapy was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 156 patients received 1635 drugs with the mean of 9.99 ± 2.55 drugs/patient. Most common diagnosis was acute coronary syndrome 35 (21.79%). Ondansetron 135 (86.53%) was most frequently prescribed drug followed by pantoprazole 133 (85.25%) and furosemide 68 (43.58%). Amongst antimicrobials ceftriaxone 51 (32.69%) was the most commonly prescribed drug. Direct cost of treatment per patient for the first 48 h was र 4051 ± 1641.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ondansetron and pantoprazole were the most commonly prescribed drugs in the emergency department. However, their use in all patients was not justified. Polypharmacy was prevalent. A closer look at the rationality of therapy would help in highlighting issues involved and would be helpful to authorities in deciding prescribing policies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Smt. NHL Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Preksha A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Barot
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Smt. NHL Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Supriya D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Malhotra
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Smt. NHL Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Devang A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Rana
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Smt. NHL Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Varsha J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Smt. NHL Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Kamlesh P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Patel
keywords: Acute coronary syndrome; direct cost; drug utilization; emergency medicine