title: Apocynin attenuates isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury and fibrogenesis.
abstract: Oxidative stress is mechanistically implicated in the pathogenesis of myocardial injury and the subsequent fibrogenic tissue remodeling. Therapies targeting oxidative stress in the process of myocardial fibrogenesis are still lacking and thus remain as an active research area in myocardial injury management. The current study evaluated the effects of a NADPH oxidase inhibitor, apocynin, on the production of reactive oxygen species and the development of myocardial fibrogenesis in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial injury mouse model. The results revealed a remarkable effect of apocynin on attenuating the development of myocardial necrotic lesions, inflammation and fibrogenesis. Additionally, the protective effects of apocynin against myocardial injuries were associated with suppressed expression of an array of genes implicated in inflammatory and fibrogenic responses. Our study thus provided for the first time the histopathological and molecular evidence supporting the therapeutic value of apocynin against the development of myocardial injuries, in particular, myocardial fibrogenesis, which will benefit the mechanism-based drug development targeting oxidative stress in preventing and/or treating related myocardial disorders.
authors.affiliation: Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China; Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.
authors.forename: Jingang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China; Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.
authors.forename: Qinbo
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.
authors.forename: Chenglin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.
authors.forename: Minqi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.
authors.forename: Bingbing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China; Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoye
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China; Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.
authors.forename: Peiwei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China; Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.
authors.forename: Xintong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China; Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China; Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.
authors.forename: Wenjian
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China; Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China. Electronic address: chenyu6639@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China; Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China. Electronic address: zhangteng501@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Teng
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000098:Acetophenones / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007545:Isoproterenol; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000098:Acetophenones; D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C056165:acetovanillone; D007545:Isoproterenol
keywords: Apocynin; Fibrosis; Gene expression; Myocardial injury; Reactive oxygen species