title: Flavonol glycosides and other phenolic compounds in buds and leaves of different varieties of black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) and changes during growing season.
abstract: Phenolic compounds in buds and leaves of three varieties of black currant in Finland were identified by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS. Forty-three phenolic compounds of flavonol glycosides, proanthocyanidins and phenolic acids were found in variety "Mikael" whereas only thirty-five in "Mortti" and "Jaloste n:o 15". Glycosides of quercetin and kaempferol were the major phenolics. Rutin, hyperoside, isoquercitrin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoise, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-(6″-malonyl)-glucoside and a kaempferol-malonylhexoside were the most abundant flavonol glycosides. The contents of flavonol glycosides ranged from 1 to 7 mg/g fresh weight in leaves showing typically an increasing trend from July to August, reaching the highest values in early October in "Mikael" and the end of August in "Mortti" and "Jaloste n:o 15". This is the first systematic report of the composition and content of phenolic compounds in buds and leaves of black currant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Pengzhan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland; The Kevo Subarctic Research Institute, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kallio
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland. Electronic address: baoru.yang@utu.fi.
authors.forename: Baoru
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005387:Finland; D044948:Flavonols / Q000032:analysis*; D035264:Flowers / Q000737:chemistry; D006027:Glycosides; D044949:Kaempferols / Q000032:analysis; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000032:analysis; D011794:Quercetin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D031965:Ribes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development; D012431:Rutin / Q000032:analysis; D012621:Seasons; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D044948:Flavonols; D006027:Glycosides; D044949:Kaempferols; D010636:Phenols; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; C016527:isoquercitrin; D012431:Rutin; C006552:kaempferol; C021304:hyperoside; D011794:Quercetin
keywords: Black currant; Buds; Flavonol glycosides; Leaves; Phenolics; Ribes nigrum L.