title: Anti-proliferative effect and phytochemical analysis of Cymbopogon citratus extract.
abstract: The antiproliferative and antioxidant potential of Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon grass) extracts were investigated. The extracts were isolated by solvent maceration method and thereafter subjected to antiproliferative activity test on five different cancer cells: human colon carcinoma (HCT-116), breast carcinoma (MCF-7 and MDA-MB 231), ovarian carcinoma (SKOV-3 and COAV), and a normal liver cell line (WRL 68). The cell viability was determined using MTT assay. The DPPH radical scavenging assay revealed a concentration dependent trend. A maximum percentage inhibition of 45% and an IC50 of 278  μg/mL were observed when aqueous extract was evaluated. In contrast, 48.3% and IC50 of 258.9  μg/mL were observed when 50% ethanolic extract was evaluated. Both extracts at concentration of 50 to 800  μg/mL showed appreciative metal chelating activity with IC50 value of 172.2 ± 31  μg/mL to 456.5 ± 30  μg/mL. Depending on extraction solvent content, extract obtained from 50% ethanolic solvent proved to be more potent on breast cancer MCF-7 cell line (IC50 = 68  μg/mL). On the other hand, 90% ethanolic extract showed a moderate potency on the ovarian cancer (COAV) and MCF-7 cells having an IC50 of 104.6  μg/mL each. These results suggested antiproliferative efficacy of C. citratus ethanolic extract against human cancer cell lines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ; Al-Moalim Mohamed Awad Center for Scientific Miracles of Prophetic Medicine, College of Medicine, Taibah University, 3001 Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohammed F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Halabi
authors.affiliation: Al-Moalim Mohamed Awad Center for Scientific Miracles of Prophetic Medicine, College of Medicine, Taibah University, 3001 Madinah, Saudi Arabia ; Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Taibah University, 3001 Madinah, Saudi Arabia ; Faculty of Medicine, P.O. Box 30001, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Bassem Y
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Sheikh
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D031743:Cymbopogon / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts