title: The effect of acute kidney injury and discharge creatinine level on mortality following cardiac surgery*.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery is associated with increased operative and late mortality. The objective was to determine if short and long term mortality are systematically improved with completeness of postoperative acute kidney injury reversal or with amount of residual renal function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, single center study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary care hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  One thousand five hundred and forty-three cardiac surgery patients divided into acute kidney injury groups based on Kidney Disease International Group Outcome criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Operative mortality was 3.1% overall and was progressively worse with increasing acute kidney injury: none (0.8%), minimal (1.6%), Kidney Disease International Group Outcome stage 1 (4.3%), stage 2 (17%), and stage 3 (29%). Similar to the operative outcomes, late outcomes were progressively worse with rising amounts of acute kidney injury. The risk of late death was related to amount of acute kidney injury and remaining renal function at discharge.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Acute kidney injury was associated with higher operative and late mortality. Lesser amounts of residual renal function were associated with increased late mortality.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. 2Department of Internal Medicine and Outcomes Research Unit, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon. 3School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. 4Department of Surgery, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH.
authors.forename: Milo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Engoren
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Habib
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arslanian-Engoren
authors.forename: Sachin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kheterpal
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Schwann
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000367:Age Factors; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000401:mortality*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D010351:Patient Discharge / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine