title: Application of microRNA in diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer.
abstract: Ovarian cancer has a poor prognosis because early detection is difficult and recurrent ovarian cancer is usually drug-resistant. The morbidity and mortality of ovarian cancer are high worldwide and new methods of diagnosis and therapy are needed. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression that are involved in carcinogenesis, metastasis, and invasion. Thus, miRNAs are likely to be useful as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and for cancer therapy. Many miRNAs have altered expression in ovarian cancer compared to normal ovarian tissues and these changes may be useful for diagnosis and treatment. For example, deficiencies of enzymes including Dicer and Drosha that are required for miRNA biogenesis may be adverse prognostic factors; miRNAs such as miR-214 and miR-31, which are involved in drug resistance, and the miR-200 family, which is implicated in metastasis, may serve as biomarkers; and transfection of downregulated miRNAs and inhibition of upregulated miRNAs may be effective for treatment of ovarian cancer. Chemotherapy targeting epigenetic mechanisms associated with miRNAs may also be effective to reverse gene silencing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Kouji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Banno
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yanokura
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Miho
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5527-7574
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Masataka
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2974-8795
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Kanako
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nogami
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Kiyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Umene
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenta
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Iori
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kisu
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kataoka
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Eiichiro
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tominaga
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Aoki
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D035683:MicroRNAs