title: Design and in vitro evaluation of simvastatin-hydroxyapatite coatings by an electrochemical process on titanium surfaces.
abstract: The aim of this study was to deposit simvastatin-hydroxyapatite (sim-HA) coatings on titanium surfaces by an electrochemical process and evaluate osteoprogenitor cell responses to sim-HA-coated surfaces. Simvastatin was prepared onto titanium surfaces with varying concentration (10(-7), 10(-6), 10(-5) and 10(-4) mol/L). Surface characteristics were performed by FSEM, XRD and FTIR. LC-MS/MS method was used for simvastatin quantification in Sim-HA-coated surfaces. Murine calvaria-derived pre-osteoblastic cell (MC3T3-E1) proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and osteocalcin release were used to measure osteoblastic activities. FSEM observation showed rod-like HA crystals covered on all surfaces. As drug concentration increased, the crystal diameter decreased. XRD and FTIR observations showed all coatings consisted of HA. LC-MS/MS test showed the simvastatin concentration in 10(-6) mol/L group was 2.77 x 10(-7) mol/L/cm2, while in 10(-7) mol/L group was 1.89 x 10(-7) mol/L/cm2. MC3T3-E1 cells grown on 10(-7) mol/L and 10(-6) mol/L Sim-HA surfaces showed increased ALP activity as compared to HA-coated surfaces on day 7 (P < 0.05) while at 10 day, all Sim-HA groups were significantly increased than HA group (P < 0.05). Two Sim-HA groups showed significant increases in osteocalcin production on 7 10 and 14 day (P < 0.05). It showed that incubation with 10(-7) mol/L simvastatin enhanced the cell proliferation to a statistically significant extent (P < 0.05) compared with the HA group at day 7. It was concluded that simvastatin was successfully deposited into HA coatings using the electrochemical process and the sim-HA coatings enhanced differentiation of osteoprogenitor cells.
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shifang
authors.forename: Shi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jue
authors.forename: He
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fuming
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guoli
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D017886:Durapatite / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000378:metabolism; D016062:Porosity; D019821:Simvastatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D015675:Osteocalcin; D004247:DNA; D017886:Durapatite; D019821:Simvastatin; D014025:Titanium; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase