title: Detection of enteric pathogens in Turkey flocks affected with severe enteritis, in Brazil.
abstract: Twenty-two flocks of turkeys affected by enteric problems, with ages between 10 and 104 days and located in the Southern region of Brazil, were surveyed for turkey by PCR for turkey astrovirus type 2 (TAstV-2), turkey coronavirus (TCoV), hemorrhagic enteritis virus (HEV), rotavirus, reovirus, Salmonella spp., and Lawsonia intracellularis (Li) infections. Eleven profiles of pathogen combination were observed. The most frequently encountered pathogen combinations were TCoV-Li, followed by TCoV-TAstV-2-Li, TCoV-TastV-2. Only TCoV was detected as the sole pathogen in three flocks. Eight and 19 flocks of the 22 were positive for TAstV-2 and TCoV, respectively. Six were positive for Salmonella spp. and L. intracellularis was detected in 12 turkey flocks. Reovirus and HEV were not detected in this survey. These results throw new light on the multiple etiology of enteritis in turkeys. The implications of these findings and their correlation with the clinical signs are comprehensively discussed, illustrating the complexity of the enteric diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Joelma
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moura-Alvarez
authors.forename: Luis F N
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Nuñez
authors.forename: Claudete S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Astolfi-Ferreira
authors.forename: Terezinha
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Knöbl
authors.forename: Jorge L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Chacón
authors.forename: Andrea M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: Richard C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Antonio J Piantino
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Ferreira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D052676:Avastrovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D004752:Coronavirus, Turkey / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000662:veterinary*; D004751:Enteritis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D020639:Lawsonia Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012475:Salmonella / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014422:Turkeys
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers