title: [A research on the influence of two herbal concoctions on Toll-like receptor signal pathways of influenza virus induced pneumonia in mice].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of Shufeng Xuanfei and Jiebiao Qingli concoctions on Toll-like receptor (TLR) signal pathway of pneumonia infected with influenza virus in mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  The pneumonia model was reproduced by nasal dropping of influenza virus A in mice. The mice were randomly divided into nine groups: normal group (C), model group (M), tamiflu group (D), Shufeng Xuanfei low-dose (SL), medium-dose (SM) and high-dose (SH) groups, Jiebiao Qingli low-dose (JL), medium-dose (JM) and high-dose (JH) groups, each n=12. Two hours after model-reproduction, the mice in C group and M group received distilled water by gavage. The mice in D group received 2.5 g×mL(-1)×d(-1) oseltamivir phosphate. Shufeng Xuanfei formula in doses of 3.76, 1.88, 0.94 g×kg(-1)×d(-1) were respectively administered to SH, SM and SL groups by gavage, Jiebiao Qingli formula in doses of 4.37, 2.18, 1.09 g×kg(-1)×d(-1) was given to JH, JM and JL groups by gavage, respectively. Each group was in equal dose of 0.2 mL daily over a 4-day period. Total RNA was extracted in each group. Then gene chips were used to screen these RNA samples. Some genes that were involved in TLR signal pathways were selected. These candidate genes were verified by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  TLR7, MYD88, CCL5, IFNB1, IL6, IL12a, NFKBIA and IKBKB were up-regulated in model group compared with control group. Compared with model group, down-regulated genes in medium-dose, low-dose Shufeng Xuanfei formula and medium-dose Jiebiao Qingli formula included TLR3, TLR7, MYD88, CCL5, IFNB1, IL6, IL12a, NFKBIA and IKBKB (log2 signal intensity of SM/M in medium-dose Shufeng Xuanfei formula group were -1.24, -2.02, -1.36, -1.95, -0.63, -1.33, -3.50, -1.33, -1.33, log2 signal intensity of SL/M in low-dose Shufeng Xuanfei group were -1.07, -2.43, -2.63, -2.30, -5.09, -3.19, -3.53, -1.95, -1.95, log2 signal intensity of JM/M in medium-dose Jiebiao Qingli formula group were -1.78, -0.55, -1.35, -1.47, -1.65, -2.03, -3.02, -1.57, -1.57, respectively). The results suggested that the effect of Shufeng Xuanfei formula was better than that of Jiebiao Qingli formula. By RT-PCR, compared with model group, low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups of Shufeng Xuanfei formula, medium-dose and high-dose groups of Jiebiao Qingli formula, and tamiflu group, significant decrease in TLR7, nuclear factor-ΚB (NF-ΚB), myeloid differential protein-88 (MyD88) mRNA expression were found. Medium-dose and low-dose Shufeng Xuanfei formula group (TLR7 mRNA: 3.6±0.3, 3.5±1.2 vs. 7.4±1.6, NF-ΚB mRNA: 1.1±0.2, 1.0±0.2 vs. 2.2±0.4; MyD88 mRNA: 1.4±0.4, 1.0±0.3 vs. 3.4±0.9, all P<0.01) and medium-dose Jiebiao Qingli formula group (TLR7 mRNA: 4.9±0.3 vs. 7.4±1.6, NF-ΚB mRNA: 1.3±0.7 vs. 2.2±0.4, MyD88 mRNA: 1.6±0.8 vs. 3.4±0.9, P<0.05 or P<0.01) were shown statistically significant decreases compared with the model group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Medium-dose and low-dose Shufeng Xuanfei formula and medium-dose Jiebiao Qingli formula can inhibit the inflammatory reaction induced by influenza virus by down-regulating the NF-ΚB through TLR signal pathways dependent on MyD88. The regulation of Shufeng Xuanfei formula in TLR signal pathways was superior to that of Jiebiao Qingli formula.
authors.affiliation: Shanxi College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China. Corresponding author: Gu Ligang, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China, Email: lggulg@163.com.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jianguo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yanping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Ligang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D029521:Alphainfluenzavirus; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D011024:Pneumonia, Viral / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D016328:NF-kappa B; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors