title: Effect of Eugenol on Cell Surface Hydrophobicity, Adhesion, and Biofilm of Candida tropicalis and Candida dubliniensis Isolated from Oral Cavity of HIV-Infected Patients.
abstract: Most Candida spp. infections are associated with biofilm formation on host surfaces. Cells within these communities display a phenotype resistant to antimicrobials and host defenses, so biofilm-associated infections are difficult to treat, representing a source of reinfections. The present study evaluated the effect of eugenol on the adherence properties and biofilm formation capacity of Candida dubliniensis and Candida tropicalis isolated from the oral cavity of HIV-infected patients. All isolates were able to form biofilms on different substrate surfaces. Eugenol showed inhibitory activity against planktonic and sessile cells of Candida spp. No metabolic activity in biofilm was detected after 24 h of treatment. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that eugenol drastically reduced the number of sessile cells on denture material surfaces. Most Candida species showed hydrophobic behavior and a significant difference in cell surface hydrophobicity was observed after exposure of planktonic cells to eugenol for 1 h. Eugenol also caused a significant reduction in adhesion of most Candida spp. to HEp-2 cells and to polystyrene. These findings corroborate the effectiveness of eugenol against Candida species other than C. albicans, reinforcing its potential as an antifungal applied to limit both the growth of planktonic cells and biofilm formation on different surfaces.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Suelen Balero
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: de Paula
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thais Fernanda
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Bartelli
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Di Raimo
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jussevania Pereira
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alexandre Tadachi
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9975-4627
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Morey
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marina Andrea
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7930-4530
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bosini
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Maringá, Brazil.
authors.forename: Celso Vataru
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucy Megumi
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sueli Fumie
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1183-146X
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Yamada-Ogatta