title: Lead extractions: indications, procedural aspects, and outcomes.
abstract: As a result of more cardiac implantable electronic devices being placed, a trend toward increasing device infections, and concerns regarding lead malfunction, there is an increased need for lead extraction skills and comprehensive lead management programs. This review discusses the current indications for lead extractions as well as the training requirements and tools and technology needed to create the foundation for a successful lead management program.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, UCSD Health System, 9444 Medical Center Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: ubgreen@ucsd.edu.
authors.forename: Ulrika M
authors.initials: UM
authors.lastname: Birgersdotter-Green
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, UCSD Health System, 9444 Medical Center Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92037, USA.
authors.forename: Victor G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Pretorius
mesh_terms: D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000628:therapy; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000517:prevention & control; D032921:Consensus; D003325:Coronary Care Units; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D020878:Device Removal / Q000193:education / Q000379:methods*; D004638:Emergency Treatment / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007258:Informed Consent; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D008487:Medical History Taking; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D010808:Physical Examination / Q000379:methods; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011379:Prognosis; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000517:prevention & control
keywords: Device infections; Lead extraction; Lead extraction indications; Lead extraction tools; Lead recall