title: Randomized trial outcomes of a TTM-tailored condom use and smoking intervention in urban adolescent females.
abstract: Smoking and sexual risk behaviors in urban adolescent females are prevalent and problematic. Family planning clinics reach those who are at most risk. This randomized effectiveness trial evaluated a transtheoretical model (TTM)-tailored intervention to increase condom use and decrease smoking. At baseline, a total of 828 14- to 17-year-old females were recruited and randomized within four urban family planning clinics. Participants received TTM or standard care (SC) computerized feedback and stage-targeted or SC counseling at baseline, 3, 6 and 9 months. Blinded follow-up telephone surveys were conducted at 12 and 18 months. Analyses revealed significantly more consistent condom use in the TTM compared with the SC group at 6 and 12, but not at 18 months. In baseline consistent condom users (40%), significantly less relapse was found in the TTM compared with the SC group at 6 and 12, but not at 18 months. No significant effects for smoking prevention or cessation were found, although cessation rates matched those found previously. This TTM-tailored intervention demonstrated effectiveness for increasing consistent condom use at 6 and 12 months, but not at 18 months, in urban adolescent females. This intervention, if replicated, could be disseminated to promote consistent condom use and additional health behaviors in youth at risk.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Prevention Research Center, University of Rhode Island, 130 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881 and Family Planning Council of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA credding@uri.edu.
authors.forename: Colleen A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Redding
authors.affiliation: Cancer Prevention Research Center, University of Rhode Island, 130 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881 and Family Planning Council of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA.
authors.forename: James O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Prochaska
authors.affiliation: Cancer Prevention Research Center, University of Rhode Island, 130 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881 and Family Planning Council of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA.
authors.forename: Kay
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Armstrong
authors.affiliation: Cancer Prevention Research Center, University of Rhode Island, 130 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881 and Family Planning Council of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.affiliation: Cancer Prevention Research Center, University of Rhode Island, 130 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881 and Family Planning Council of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA.
authors.forename: Bettina B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Hoeppner
authors.affiliation: Cancer Prevention Research Center, University of Rhode Island, 130 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881 and Family Planning Council of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaowu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Cancer Prevention Research Center, University of Rhode Island, 130 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881 and Family Planning Council of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA.
authors.forename: Hisanori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: Cancer Prevention Research Center, University of Rhode Island, 130 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881 and Family Planning Council of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA.
authors.forename: Hui-Qing
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Cancer Prevention Research Center, University of Rhode Island, 130 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881 and Family Planning Council of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA.
authors.forename: Donna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Coviello
authors.affiliation: Cancer Prevention Research Center, University of Rhode Island, 130 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881 and Family Planning Council of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA.
authors.forename: Kerry
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Evers
authors.affiliation: Cancer Prevention Research Center, University of Rhode Island, 130 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881 and Family Planning Council of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA.
authors.forename: Wayne F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Velicer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D001741:Black or African American; D017280:Condoms / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003376:Counseling; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006801:Humans; D008960:Models, Psychological; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000208:ethnology / Q000517:prevention & control; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D012907:Smoking / Q000208:ethnology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors