title: Relationship between increases in BMI and changes in periodontal status: a prospective cohort study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this prospective cohort study was to investigate whether body mass index (BMI) and oral health behaviour are related to changes in periodontal status in Japanese university students.
  
  
  METHODS
  Students (n = 224) who were interested in receiving oral health examinations before entering university and before graduation were included in the analysis. Subjects were investigated regarding the correlations of oral health behaviours and increases in BMI with the percentage of bleeding on probing (%BOP) and Community Periodontal Index (CPI) scores as indicators of changes in periodontal status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The risk of increased %BOP was associated with the non-use of dental floss (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 3.11; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.31-7.37; p < 0.05), whereas the risk of increased CPI score was associated with increases in BMI (OR: 1.95; 95% CI: 1.05-3.65; p < 0.05) and simplified oral hygiene index score (OR: 2.28; 95% CI: 1.23-4.22; p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increases in BMI were associated with worsening of periodontal status, defined as increased CPI score in Japanese university students, whereas lack of inter-dental cleaning was associated with exacerbated gingival bleeding.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ekuni
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mizutani
authors.forename: Azusa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tomofuji
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Irie
authors.forename: Tetsuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Azuma
authors.forename: Toshiki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoneda
authors.forename: Michiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Furuta
authors.forename: Nobuoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Eshima
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morita
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003729:Dental Care; D003742:Dental Devices, Home Care; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015438:Health Behavior; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000145:classification; D009909:Oral Health; D009911:Oral Hygiene Index; D050177:Overweight / Q000145:classification; D010512:Periodontal Index; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012907:Smoking; D013851:Thinness / Q000145:classification; D014099:Toothbrushing; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: body mass index; cohort studies; obesity; oral health behaviours; periodontal disease; university students