title: Spicatoside A enhances memory consolidation through the brain-derived neurotrophic factor in mice.
abstract: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a pivotal role in memory consolidation. Previously, we found that the increased mature BDNF (mBDNF) levels in the hippocampal region at a specific time window after the acquisition trial are required for memory consolidation. In the present study, we investigated whether spicatoside A enhances memory consolidation, and whether its effects on memory consolidation are related to hippocampal mBDNF levels. Spicatoside A (2.5, 5, 10 or 20mg/kg) enhanced memory consolidation in a dose-dependent manner, and enhanced memory consolidation was also observed when spicatoside A was administered 1h after the acquisition trial. Concurrently, when spicatoside A was administered immediately or 1h after the acquisition trial, hippocampal mBDNF levels were similar or significantly increased at 9h after the acquisition trial compared to levels at 6h. These results suggest that increased mBDNF levels in the hippocampal region at 9h after the acquisition trial might play a pivotal role in memory consolidation and that spicatoside A might enhance memory consolidation by increasing hippocampal mBDNF levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Guyoung
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung Eun
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, Andong National University, Andong 760-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Hwa
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.affiliation: Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Se Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Qingtao
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young Je
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, Andong National University, Andong 760-749, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: sonkh@andong.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Kun Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Son
authors.affiliation: Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jhryu63@khu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jong Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ryu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects*; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D018697:Nootropic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012503:Saponins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C546003:5-(1-(glucopyranosyloxymethyl)ethenyl)-2-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D018697:Nootropic Agents; D012503:Saponins
keywords: BDNF; Hippocampus; Memory consolidation; Spicatoside A