title: Tissue remodeling after bone expansion in grafted and ungrafted sockets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this clinical study was to assess horizontal width changes in grafted and ungrafted sites after bone expansion and implant placement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-three patients were included in this prospective study. Each patient required extraction of two teeth and replacement with implants. After dental extraction in 23 alveoli (group 1), a collagen sponge was used to cover fresh sockets, and the remaining 23 alveoli (group 2) were grafted with corticocancellous porcine bone. Three months after extraction, bone expansion was performed in each site, and 46 dental implants were placed. To evaluate tissue volume changes, the variations in width of the buccal ridge were recorded with a periodontal probe immediately after tooth extraction, 3 months later (before implant placement), and 3 months after implant placement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group 1, at 3 months after implant placement, mean volume changes of +1.6 ± 0.8 mm for incisors and canines, +1.4 ± 0.5 mm for premolars, and +0.8 ± 0.5 mm for molars were seen. In group 2, mean changes of +1.5 ± 0.8 mm for incisors and canines, +1.3 ± 0.3 mm for premolars, and +2.8 ± 0.6 mm for molars were observed. Statistically significant differences were found only for molars.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In both groups, incisor, canine, and premolar sites showed no differences in volume changes, but statistically significant differences were found between molars in the two groups; the biomaterial graft prevented collapse of the large defects and significant volume loss.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Crespi
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Capparè
authors.forename: Elisabetta Maria
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Polizzi
authors.forename: Enrico F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Gherlone
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000601:surgery*; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000601:surgery*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001852:Bone Lengthening / Q000379:methods*; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D005260:Female; D005781:Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000009:adverse effects*; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D015921:Dental Implants