title: The construction of symmetry in children and adults.
abstract: The development of the concept of symmetry is important to an overall understanding of cognitive development in children and to spatial cognition in particular. Age differences in the construction of the 3 types of symmetry (bilateral, translational, and radial) were investigated in children and adults engaged in block construction. Children 2-4.5 years old produced bilateral symmetry in low frequencies independent of their precise vertical alignment of blocks. Children 4-12 years old and adults produced all 3 types of symmetry. The hypothesis predicting the sequence and frequency of the 3 types of symmetry based on an analysis of spatial complexity was partially supported. Bilateral symmetry was produced at significantly higher frequencies than the other 2 types across all age groups. Children 5-12 years old produced adult levels of bilateral symmetry while children 9-12 years old reached adult levels of construction of translational and radial symmetry.
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Zingrone
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013028:Space Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult