title: Role of transgastric natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery in the diagnosis of ascites of unknown origin (with videos).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) has been established in animal models and human studies.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and efficacy of applying transgastric NOTES to diagnose patients with ascites of unknown origin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two university and teaching hospitals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with ascites of unknown origin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diagnostic transgastric NOTES.
  
  
  METHODS
  Characteristic of ascites cases, conditions of the abdominal cavity, diagnostic accuracy, adverse events, and follow-up time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Transgastric NOTES was performed successfully in 78 patients with ascites of unknown origin, and 72 cases (92.3%) were clearly diagnosed. They included malignant tumors (39 cases), tuberculous peritonitis (28 cases), chronic hepatic inflammation (3 cases), necrotizing lymphadenitis (1 case), and eosinophilic serositis of the small intestine (1 case). In addition, there were 6 nondiagnostic cases, and no severe adverse events were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nonrandomized control analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transgastric NOTES in combination with biopsy can elucidate the causes of ascites of unknown origin in the majority of cases. Therefore, it is a feasible and effective approach to access the peritoneal cavity and also a valuable modality to detect the cause of diseases with ascites of unknown origin.
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Guangdong, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Guangdong, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Wei-guang
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Clinical Medical College, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
authors.forename: Hui-ming
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Qiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Clinical Medical College, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Guangdong, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jian-qun
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Guangdong, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Guangdong, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Fa-chao
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Zhi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001201:Ascites / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006521:Hepatitis, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D057605:Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery / Q000379:methods*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014395:Peritonitis, Tuberculous / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult