title: Establishing a rabbit spinal tumor model for nonvascular interventional therapy through CT-guided percutaneous puncture inoculation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  An animal spinal tumor model is needed to better simulate the clinical situation and to allow percutaneous puncture, which may provide an experimental platform for the new nonvascular interventional therapies. We established a rabbit spinal tumor model through a CT-guided percutaneous puncture inoculation technique for nonvascular interventional therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  VX2 tumor cells were inoculated into the lumbar vertebrae of 32 rabbits through a CT-guided percutaneous puncture technique; then, the development of hind limb paraparesis was observed in the rabbits twice a day. MR imaging and CT were performed on days 14, 21, and 28 postinoculation and at the development of hind limb paraparesis. On days 21 and 28 postinoculation, 2 rabbits, whose imaging suggested successful modeling without hind limb paraparesis, were chosen on each day. The lumbar vertebrae were sampled from 1 rabbit for histopathologic examination, and the other rabbit underwent PET-CT examination before percutaneous vertebroplasty. Finally the lesion vertebrae were sampled for histopathologic examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The success rate of modeling was 90.6% (29/32) in our study. On day 21 postinoculation, successful modeling was achieved in 21 rabbits, with 19 having no hind limb paraparesis. On day 28 postinoculation, another 7 achieved successful modeling, and only 1 developed hind limb paraparesis. Percutaneous vertebroplasty treatment was successful for the 2 rabbit models.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Establishment of a rabbit spinal tumor model through a CT-guided percutaneous puncture technique and inoculation of VX2 tumor is easy and has a high success rate. The established model can be used to study nonvascular interventional therapies for spinal tumor, including percutaneous vertebroplasty.
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Interventional Radiology (L.C., K.-Y.G., Y.-C.C., C.Y., C.-F.N.).
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery (J.X.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery (I.-C.S.), Department of Surgery, Taipei Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan School of Medicine (I.-C.S.), Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: I-C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Medicine (Y.-W.W., B.Z.), The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
authors.forename: Y-W
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Medicine (Y.-W.W., B.Z.), The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Interventional Radiology (L.C., K.-Y.G., Y.-C.C., C.Y., C.-F.N.).
authors.forename: K-Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Interventional Radiology (L.C., K.-Y.G., Y.-C.C., C.Y., C.-F.N.).
authors.forename: Y-C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Interventional Radiology (L.C., K.-Y.G., Y.-C.C., C.Y., C.-F.N.).
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Interventional Radiology (L.C., K.-Y.G., Y.-C.C., C.Y., C.-F.N.) cfnisz@163.com.
authors.forename: C-F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Ni
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D011817:Rabbits; D013120:Spinal Cord Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods