title: Effect of the combination of gelam honey and ginger on oxidative stress and metabolic profile in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats.
abstract: Diabetic complications occur as a result of increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to long term hyperglycaemia. Honey and ginger have been shown to exhibit antioxidant activity which can scavenge ROS. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antidiabetic effects of gelam honey, ginger, and their combination. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 2 major groups which consisted of diabetic and nondiabetic rats. Diabetes was induced with streptozotocin intramuscularly (55 mg/kg body weight). Each group was further divided into 4 smaller groups according to the supplements administered: distilled water, honey (2 g/kg body weight), ginger (60 mg/kg body weight), and honey + ginger. Body weight and glucose levels were recorded weekly, while blood from the orbital sinus was obtained after 3 weeks of supplementation for the estimation of metabolic profile: glucose, triglyceride (TG), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH): oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and malondialdehyde (MDA). The combination of gelam honey and ginger did not show hypoglycaemic potential; however, the combination treatment reduced significantly (P < 0.05) SOD and CAT activities as well as MDA level, while GSH level and GSH/GSSG ratio were significantly elevated (P < 0.05) in STZ-induced diabetic rats compared to diabetic control rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 53000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Nur Fathiah Abdul
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Sani
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center (UKMMC), Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Levin Kesu
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Belani
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center (UKMMC), Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Chong Pui
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Sin
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center (UKMMC), Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Siti Nor Amilah Abdul
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 53000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Srijit
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8302-7257
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 53000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Thent Zar
authors.initials: TZ
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 53000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Suzana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Makpol
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 53000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Yasmin Anum Mohd
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Yusof
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis; D001688:Biological Products / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism*; D020939:Zingiber officinale / Q000737:chemistry*; D006722:Honey; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000097:blood; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013311:Streptozocin; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001688:Biological Products; D001786:Blood Glucose; D014280:Triglycerides; D013311:Streptozocin; D010088:Oxidoreductases