title: Endocrine disrupting effects of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane analogues on gonadotropin hormones in pituitary gonadotrope cells.
abstract: It has been shown that exposure to dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) analogues leads to disharmony of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). However, the effects and mechanisms of DDT analogues on the expression of gonadotropin genes (FSHβ, LHβ and Cgα), which is the rate-limiting step of FSH and LH biosynthesis, remain unknown. In this study, we assessed the effects of p,p'-DDT, o,p'-DDT, p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) and methoxychlor (MXC) on gonadotropin genes expression and hormones synthesis in gonadotrope cells. p,p'-DDT and MXC at test concentrations ranging from 10(-9) to 10(-7)mol/L, stimulated gonadotropin genes expression and hormones synthesis in a dose-dependent manner. The activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) was required for the induction of gonadotropin genes expression and hormones synthesis by p,p'-DDT or MXC exposure. This study showed for the first time that p,p'-DDT and MXC regulated gonadotropin genes expression and hormones synthesis through ERK pathway in gonadotrope cells.
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Jinghua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Kang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. Electronic address: jliue@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003634:DDT / Q000633:toxicity*; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene / Q000633:toxicity*; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000633:toxicity*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006062:Gonadotropins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008731:Methoxychlor / Q000633:toxicity*; D051379:Mice; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000166:cytology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D006062:Gonadotropins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene; D003634:DDT; C016340:o,p'-DDT; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D008731:Methoxychlor
keywords: Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane; Follicle-stimulating hormone; Luteinizing hormone; Methoxychlor; Pituitary