title: Sex differences in the relation of body composition to cardiovascular parameters and functions in Korean adolescents: a school-based study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Obesity in adolescence is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. The patterns of obesity and body composition differ between boys and girls. It is uncertain how body composition correlates with the cardiovascular system and whether such correlations differ by sex in adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Body composition (fat-free mass (FFM), adipose mass, waist circumference (WC)) and cardiovascular parameters and functions were studied in 676 healthy Korean adolescents aged 12-16 years. Partial correlation and path analyses were done.
  
  
  RESULTS
  WC correlated with stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (CO), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and pulse pressure (PP), cardiac diastolic function (ratio of early to late filling velocity (E/A ratio)), and vascular function (pulse wave velocity (PWV)) in boys. Adipose mass was related to SV, CO, SBP, PP, left ventricular mass (LVM), and PWV in girls - and to E/A ratio in both sexes. FFM affected SV, CO, SBP, and PP in both sexes and LVM in boys. Cardiac systolic functions had no relation with any body composition variable in either sex.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In adolescence, the interdependence of the cardiovascular system and the body composition differs between sexes. Understanding of those relations is required to control adolescent obesity and prevent adult cardiovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Sanggye Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Hwan
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Hae Soon
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hae Sook
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jo Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Nam Su
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chung Il
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Noh
authors.forename: Young Mi
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Hong
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000293:Adolescent; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002302:Cardiac Output; D002320:Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D063177:Pulse Wave Analysis; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012572:School Health Services; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D013318:Stroke Volume; D055105:Waist Circumference