title: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and the risk of knee and hip osteoarthritis leading to hospitalization: a cohort study of 5274 Finns.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate whether low levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] predicts the development of knee or hip OA.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cohort consisted of 5274 participants in a national health examination survey who had no knee or hip OA at baseline. Information about the incidence of OA was drawn from the National Health Care Register. During the follow-up of 10 years (50 134 person-years), 127 subjects developed incident, physician-diagnosed OA in the knee and 45 in the hip joint. The information on covariates, including age, sex, education, BMI, work load, leisure time physical activity, smoking history, knee or hip complaint during the past month and previous injuries, was gathered at baseline. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were determined from baseline serum samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjustment for age and gender, serum 25(OH)D showed statistically significant associations with known risk factors for OA except injuries. In the fully adjusted model, low serum 25(OH)D concentration did not predict increased incidence of knee and hip OA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results do not support the hypothesis that low levels of serum 25(OH)D contribute to the development of knee or hip OA.
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Center Oulu, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu and Helsinki, Department of Health, Functional Capacity and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Population Studies Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. sanna.konstari@student.oulu.fi.
authors.forename: Sanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Konstari
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Center Oulu, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu and Helsinki, Department of Health, Functional Capacity and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Population Studies Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Leena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kaila-Kangas
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Center Oulu, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu and Helsinki, Department of Health, Functional Capacity and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Population Studies Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Tuija
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jääskeläinen
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Center Oulu, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu and Helsinki, Department of Health, Functional Capacity and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Population Studies Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Markku
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heliövaara
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Center Oulu, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu and Helsinki, Department of Health, Functional Capacity and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Population Studies Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Harri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rissanen
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Center Oulu, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu and Helsinki, Department of Health, Functional Capacity and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Population Studies Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Jukka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marniemi
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Center Oulu, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu and Helsinki, Department of Health, Functional Capacity and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Population Studies Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Knekt
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Center Oulu, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu and Helsinki, Department of Health, Functional Capacity and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Population Studies Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. Medical Research Center Oulu, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu and Helsinki, Department of Health, Functional Capacity and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Population Studies Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Jari
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arokoski
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Center Oulu, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu and Helsinki, Department of Health, Functional Capacity and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Population Studies Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. Medical Research Center Oulu, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu and Helsinki, Department of Health, Functional Capacity and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Population Studies Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Jaro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Karppinen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D006306:Health Surveys; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015207:Osteoarthritis, Hip / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D012306:Risk; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D
keywords: cohort study; hip joint; knee joint; osteoarthritis; risk factors; serum vitamin D