title: Evaluating the attendance of medical staff and room occupancy during palliative radiotherapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Attendance of staff and use of resources during treatment have an impact on costs. For palliative radiotherapy, no reliable data are available on the subject. Therefore, the measurement of selected variables (staff absorbance and room occupancy) based on daily palliative irradiation was the aim of our prospective study. The analysis is part of a larger study conducted by the German Society of Radiation Oncology (DEGRO).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 172 palliative radiation treatments were followed up prospectively between October 2009 and March 2010. The study was performed at two experienced radiotherapy departments (Herne and Bielefeld) and evaluated the attendance of medical personnel and room occupancy related to the selected steps of the treatment procedure: treatment planning and daily application of radiation dose.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Computed tomography for treatment planning engaged the unit for 19 min (range: 17-22 min). The localization of target volume required on average 28 min of a technician's working time. The mean attendance of the entire staff (radiation oncologist, physicist, technician) for treatment planning was 159 min, while the total room occupancy was 140 min. Depending on the type of treatment, the overall duration of a radiotherapy session varied on average between 8 and 18 min. The staff was absorbed by the first treatment session (including portal imaging) for 8-27 min. Mean room occupancy was 18 min (range: 6-65 min). The longest medical staff attendance was observed during an initial irradiation session (mean: 11 min). Radiotherapy sessions with weekly performed field verifications occupied the rooms slightly longer (mean: 10 min, range: 4-25 min) than daily radiotherapy sessions (mean: 9 min, range: 3-29 min). We observed that the patients' symptoms, their condition, and their social environment confounded the time schedule.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Target localization, treatment planning, and performance of palliative radiotherapy absorb resources to an extent comparable to nonpalliative treatment. Because of unexpected events, the time schedule before and during radiotherapy may reveal strong interindividual variability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany, irenaeus.adamietz@rub.de.
authors.forename: Irenäus A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Adamietz
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Micke
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Popp
authors.forename: Horst
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sack
mesh_terms: D001071:Appointments and Schedules; D001509:Bed Occupancy / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005858:Germany; D015276:Health Care Rationing / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D033183:Interdisciplinary Communication; D008505:Medical Staff, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000191:economics / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D010166:Palliative Care / Q000191:economics; D010348:Patient Care Team / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D011880:Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013996:Time and Motion Studies; D000078329:Workforce