title: Test development and use in five Iberian Latin American countries.
abstract: The abundance of scholarship on test development and use generally is higher in English-speaking than in Iberian Latin American countries. The purpose of this article is to help overcome this imbalance by describing and identifying similarities and differences in test development and use in two Iberian (Portugal and Spain) and three of the largest Latin American (Argentina, Brazil, and Venezuela) countries. The stages of test development in each country, roles of professional associations, presence of standards for test use, professionals' educational training, commonly used tests, together with prominent challenges to continued progress are discussed. Test development and use in these five countries are transitioning from a dependence on the use of translated tests to greater reliance on adapted and finally nationally constructed tests. Continued growth requires adherence to international standards guiding test development and use. Stronger alliance among professional associations in the Iberian Latin American countries could serve as a catalyst to promote test development in these regions.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Psicologia, Pontificia Universidade Catolica de Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Solange M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Wechsler
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oakland
authors.forename: Carmem
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: León
authors.forename: Eleonora
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vivas
authors.forename: Leandro
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: de Almeida
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pérez-Solís
authors.forename: Norma
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Contini
mesh_terms: D001118:Argentina; D001938:Brazil; D006801:Humans; D011174:Portugal; D011581:Psychological Tests / Q000592:standards*; D011585:Psychology, Applied / Q000592:standards* / Q000639:trends; D012015:Reference Standards; D014177:Translations; D014481:United States; D014687:Venezuela
keywords: Iberian America; Psychological assessment; South America; Test; Test adaptation