title: Efficient pH dependent drug delivery to target cancer cells by gold nanoparticles capped with carboxymethyl chitosan.
abstract: Doxorubicin (DOX) was immobilized on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) capped with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) for effective delivery to cancer cells. The carboxylic group of carboxymethyl chitosan interacts with the amino group of the doxorubicin (DOX) forming stable, non-covalent interactions on the surface of AuNPs. The carboxylic group ionizes at acidic pH, thereby releasing the drug effectively at acidic pH suitable to target cancer cells. The DOX loaded gold nanoparticles were effectively absorbed by cervical cancer cells compared to free DOX and their uptake was further increased at acidic conditions induced by nigericin, an ionophore that causes intracellular acidification. These results suggest that DOX loaded AuNPs with pH-triggered drug releasing properties is a novel nanotheraputic approach to overcome drug resistance in cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh 500007, India. allemadhusudhan@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Alle
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Madhusudhan
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh 500007, India. bhagavanth.g@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Gangapuram Bhagavanth
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh 500007, India. venkateshamchem@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Maragoni
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Venkatesham
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh 500007, India. gvbhadram@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Guttena
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Veerabhadram
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh 500007, India. 74anilkumar@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Dudde Anil
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh 500007, India. envy_sumathi@rediffmail.com.
authors.forename: Sumathi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Natarajan
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien City 970, Taiwan. ymy74520@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ming-Yeh
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien City 970, Taiwan. anren@mail.tcu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Anren
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh 500007, India. suryasingh.oubioc@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Surya S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D048271:Chitosan / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D010316:Particle Size
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; C514968:carboxymethyl-chitosan; D006046:Gold; D004317:Doxorubicin; D048271:Chitosan