title: A strong interferon response correlates with a milder dengue clinical condition.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Type 1 interferon (IFNα/β) has a significant role in establishing protection against virus infections. It has been well documented by in vitro studies that dengue virus (DENV) activates a robust IFNα/β response. However, DENV also induces a down-regulation of the JAK/STAT pathway, inhibiting the induction of interferon regulated genes. As a consequence, the role played by the IFN type 1 response in the protection of dengue patients is not fully understood.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare IFN-α levels in dengue patients with dengue fever (DF) or dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) undergoing primary or secondary infections.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred and four serum samples were analyzed for IFN-α level by cytometric bead array. Patients' clinical condition was assigned following the WHO 1997 criteria and specific IgG and IgM antibodies were measured using commercial assays to determine primary and secondary infections. The infecting serotype was determined by qRT-PCR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The IFN-α levels were found significantly higher in DF than DHF patients irrespective of the infecting serotype (DENV1 or 2), and were found to decline rapidly at day 3 after fever onset. For DENV2 infections, higher IFN-α level was found during primary than secondary infections. These results suggest that an early strong interferon response correlates with a better clinical condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Institute for Diagnosis and Epidemiological Reference (InDRE), Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico D.F., Mexico; Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico D.F., Mexico.
authors.forename: Sergio Isaac
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: De La Cruz Hernández
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico D.F., Mexico.
authors.forename: Henry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Puerta-Guardo
authors.affiliation: Department of Inmunology and Inmunogenetics-InDRE, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico D.F., Mexico.
authors.forename: Hilario
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Flores-Aguilar
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Institute for Diagnosis and Epidemiological Reference (InDRE), Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico D.F., Mexico.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: González-Mateos
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Institute for Diagnosis and Epidemiological Reference (InDRE), Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico D.F., Mexico.
authors.forename: Irma
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: López-Martinez
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedicine, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico D.F., Mexico.
authors.forename: Vianney
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ortiz-Navarrete
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico D.F., Mexico. Electronic address: jludert@cinvestav.mx.
authors.forename: Juan E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Ludert
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico D.F., Mexico. Electronic address: rmangel@cinvestav.mx.
authors.forename: Rosa María
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Del Angel
mesh_terms: D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003715:Dengue / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D003716:Dengue Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000097:blood; D007372:Interferons / Q000097:blood*; D019595:Severe Dengue / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D007372:Interferons
keywords: Dengue; Dengue diagnostic; Dengue patient sera; Interferon α