title: [News of antibiotic resistance among Gram-negative bacilli in Algeria].
abstract: Antibiotic resistance has become a major public health problem in Algeria. Indeed the past decade, we have seen a significant increase in resistance to antibiotics especially in Gram-negative bacilli. Resistance to β-lactams in enterobacteria is dominated by the production of ESBL CTX-M-3 and CTX-M-15. The strains producing these enzymes are often the cause of potentially serious infections in both hospital and community settings. Identified plasmid cephalosporinases are CMY-2, CMY-12 and DHA-1. The isolation of strains of Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa producing carbapenemases is rare in Algeria. Some Enterobacteriaceae producing OXA-48 or VIM-19 have been reported; so far, only VIM-2 has been identified in P. aeruginosa. However, the situation regarding the strains of Acinetobacter baumannii resistant to carbapenemases seems to be more disturbing. The carbapenemase OXA-23 is the most common and seems to be endemic in the north. The carbapenemase NDM-1 has also been identified. Resistance to aminoglycosides is marked by the identification armA gene associated with blaCTX-M genes in strains of Salmonella sp. Several other resistance genes have been identified sporadically in strains of Enterobacteriaceae, P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii. Resistance genes to fluoroquinolones are more recent identification in Algeria. The most common are the Qnr determinants followed by the bifunctional enzyme AAC[6']-Ib-cr. Resistance to sulfonamides and trimethoprim was also reported in Enterobacteriaceae strains in the west of the country.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire « antibiotiques antifongiques : physico-chimie, synthèse et activité biologique », faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie et sciences de la terre et de l'univers, université Abou Bekr Belkaïd, rocade 2, BP 119, Tlemcen, Algérie.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Baba Ahmed-Kazi Tani
authors.affiliation: Département de bactériologie, faculté de médecine, université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, 27, rue de Chaligny, 75012 Paris, France; Département de bactériologie, hôpital Tenon, hôpitaux universitaires Est parisiens, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 4, rue de la Chine, 75970 Paris cedex 20, France. Electronic address: guillaume.arlet@tnn.aphp.fr.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Arlet
mesh_terms: D000462:Algeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D000617:Aminoglycosides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018440:beta-Lactam Resistance; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D047090:beta-Lactams / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000617:Aminoglycosides; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D013449:Sulfonamides; D047090:beta-Lactams; D001618:beta-Lactamases
keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii; Algeria; Algérie; Antibiotics; Antibiotiques; Enterobacteriaceae; Entérobactéries; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Resistance; Résistance