title: Functionalized gold nanorods for thermal ablation treatment of bladder cancer.
abstract: Nanomaterial-directed, photothermal ablation is a practical future approach for the treatment of early-stage bladder cancer. Using a new PEGylation technique with bi-functional nitrophenyl carbonate PEG (bi-NPC-PEG) that promotes uniform suspension of the nanomaterial in solution, we have shown that gold nanorods conjugated to an anti-EGFR antibody (nano-alphaEGFR) bind effectively to EGFR-expressing bladder cancer cells. The subsequent application of infrared light, specifically tuned to the plasmon resonance of the nanorods used in this work, allows for the specific heating of nano-alphaEGFR to the point of localized cellular death. Such an approach, administering nano-alphaEGFR intravesically via a urinary catheter and infrared light via a modified cystoscope, represents a novel, future clinical application of this technology, which avoids the problem of systemic exposure and clearance of nanoparticles from body.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Emoto
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Flaig
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D055011:Ablation Techniques; D016923:Cell Death; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D006046:Gold / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D058726:Nanoconjugates / Q000648:ultrastructure; D043942:Nanotubes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D058726:Nanoconjugates; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D006046:Gold; D066246:ErbB Receptors