title: P(NIPAAM-co-HEMA) thermoresponsive hydrogels: an alternative approach for muscle cell sheet engineering.
abstract: Loss of skeletal muscle tissue caused by traumatic injury or damage due to myopathies produces a deficit of muscle function for which there is still no clinical treatment. Transplantation of myogenic cells, themselves or combined with materials, has been proposed to increase the regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle but it is hampered by many limitations, such as low cell survival and engraftment or immunological reaction and low biocompatibility of the exogenous materials. Recently, myoblast sheet engineering, obtained with thermoresponsive culture dishes, has attracted attention as a new technique for muscle damage treatment. For this purpose, a series of thermoresponsive hydrogels, constituted by poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) [p(NIPAAM-co-HEMA)] were synthesized by a simple and inexpensive free-radical polymerization of the two co-monomers with a redox initiator. Different ratios of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) and 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) have been examined to evaluate the effects on physicochemical, mechanical and optical hydrogel properties. The murine muscle cell line C2C12has been exploited to test the cytotoxicity of the thermoresponsive hydrogels, depending on different synthesis conditions. In this study, we have identified a thermoresponsive hydrogel that allows cell adhesion and viability, together with the detachment of viable sheet of muscle cells, giving the chance to develop further applications for muscle damage and disease. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.affiliation: Fondazione Filarete, Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martello
authors.affiliation: Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Erratico
authors.affiliation: Fondazione Filarete, Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tocchio
authors.affiliation: Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Marzia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Belicchi
authors.affiliation: Fondazione Filarete, Milano, Italy.|Centro Interdisciplinare Materiali e Interfacce Nanostrutturati (CIMaINa), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lenardi
authors.affiliation: Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.|Università degli Studi di Milano, Centro Interdipartimentale UNISTEM, Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Yvan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Torrente
mesh_terms: D000178:Acrylamides / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D019245:Compressive Strength; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D032446:Myoblasts / Q000166:cytology*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D012821:Silanes / Q000737:chemistry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013696:Temperature; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000178:Acrylamides; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D020100:Hydrogels; D008689:Methacrylates; D011108:Polymers; D012821:Silanes; C005044:hydroxyethyl methacrylate; C067295:N-isopropylacrylamide
keywords: HEMA; NIPAAm; muscle cell sheet; muscle diseases; skeletal muscle damage; thermoresponsive material