title: Identification of a novel insect neuropeptide, CNMa and its receptor.
abstract: To identify ligands for orphan GPCRs, we searched novel neuropeptide genes in the Drosophila melanogaster genome. Here, we describe CNMa, a novel cyclic neuropeptide that is a highly potent and selective agonist for the orphan GPCR, CG33696 (CNMaR). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that arthropod species have two paralogous CNMaRs, but many taxa retain only one. Drosophila CNMa potently activates CNMaR-2 from Apis mellifera, suggesting both receptors are functional. Although CNMa is conserved in most arthropods, Lepidoptera lack the CNMa gene. However, they retain the CNMaR gene. Bombyx CNMaR showed low sensitivity to Drosophila CNMa, hinting toward the existence of additional CNMaR ligand(s).
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Hyuk
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyo-Seok
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of G Protein Coupled Receptors, Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Seong
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
authors.forename: Yoonseong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea. Electronic address: zeeyong@gist.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Zee-Yong
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea. Electronic address: kimyj@gist.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Young-Joon
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D008024:Ligands; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D018013:Receptors, Neuropeptide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D008024:Ligands; D009479:Neuropeptides; D018013:Receptors, Neuropeptide
keywords: Bombyx; Drosophila; G protein-coupled receptor; Neuropeptide; Orphan GPCR