title: Salmon and king crab trypsin stimulate interleukin-8 and matrix metalloproteinases via protease-activated receptor-2 in the skin keratinocytic HaCaT cell line.
abstract: Occupational skin symptoms are prevalent among the workers of the seafood processing industry. In this study we investigate the role of salmon (Salmo salar) and king crab trypsin (Paralithodes camtschaticus) as inducers of inflammation in skin via secretion of inflammatory mediators. Human skin keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) were exposed to purified salmon and king crab trypsin. We observed that salmon trypsin enhanced the secretion of IL-8 and MMP-2 and crab trypsin enhanced the secretion of IL-8, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in a dose dependent manner. As protease activated receptors (PAR)-2 in skin are known to play an important role in physiology and pathology, we explored the involvement of these receptors in mediating the release of interleukin (IL)-8 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 subsequent to exposure of skin keratinocytes to salmon and crab trypsin. In addition we observed that salmon and crab trypsin exhibit individual differences in stimulating the release of these inflammatory mediators. Finally, using specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) against PAR-2, we confirmed that the increase in secretion of IL-8, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in skin keratinocytes following exposure to salmon and crab trypsin was mediated via activation of PAR-2. These results suggest that exposure to proteases from the seafood may lead to inflammatory reactions in skin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital North Norway, NO-9038 Tromsø, Norway; Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037 Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Sampada S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Bhagwat
authors.affiliation: Section for Arctic Veterinary Medicine, Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Anett K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037 Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Jan-Olof
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Winberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037 Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Ole-Morten
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Seternes
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital North Norway, NO-9038 Tromsø, Norway; Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037 Tromsø, Norway. Electronic address: berit.bang@unn.no.
authors.forename: Berit E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Bang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D033381:Anomura; D002460:Cell Line; D003872:Dermatitis / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D044464:Receptor, PAR-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012474:Salmon; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology; D014357:Trypsin / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D016209:Interleukin-8; D009842:Oligopeptides; D044464:Receptor, PAR-2; C515807:seryl-leucyl-isoleucyl-glycyl-lysyl-valinamide; D014357:Trypsin; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
keywords: Interleukin-8; King crab trypsin; Matrix metalloproteinases; Protease-activated receptor-2; Salmon trypsin