title: Effects of elevated artificial pneumoperitoneum pressure on invasive blood pressure and levels of blood gases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  to evaluate the clinical, hemodynamic, gas analysis and metabolic repercussions of high transient pressures of pneumoperitoneum for a short period of time to ensure greater security for introduction of the first trocar.
  
  
  METHODS
  sixty-seven patients undergoing laparoscopic procedures were studied and randomly distributed in P12 group: n=30 (intraperitoneal pressure [IPP] 12mmHg) and P20 group: n=37 (IPP of 20mmHg). Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was evaluated by catheterization of the radial artery; and through gas analysis, pH, partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), partial pressure of CO2 (PaCO2), bicarbonate (HCO3) and alkalinity (BE) were evaluated. These parameters were measured in both groups at time zero before pneumoperitoneum (TP0); at time 1 (TP1) when IPP reaches 12mmHg in both groups; at time 2 (TP2) after five min with IPP=12mmHg in P12 and after 5min with IPP=20mmHg at P20; and at time 3 (TP3) after 10min with IPP=12mmHg in P12 and with return of IPP from 20 to 12mmHg, starting 10min after TP1 in P20. Different values from those considered normal for all parameters assessed, or the appearance of atypical organic phenomena, were considered as clinical changes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  there were statistically significant differences in P20 group in MAP, pH, HCO3 and BE, but within normal limits. No clinical and pathological changes were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  high and transient intra-abdominal pressure causes changes in MAP, pH, HCO3 and BE, but without any clinical impact on the patient.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: octaviohypolito@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Octavio
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hypolito
authors.affiliation: Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: João Luiz
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Azevedo
authors.affiliation: Hospital Municipal José de Carvalho Florence, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gama
authors.affiliation: Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Otavio
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Azevedo
authors.affiliation: Hospital Municipal José de Carvalho Florence, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Susana Abe
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Miyahira
authors.affiliation: Hospital Municipal José de Carvalho Florence, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Oscar César
authors.initials: OC
authors.lastname: Pires
authors.affiliation: Hospital Municipal José de Carvalho Florence, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabiana Alvarenga
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Caldeira
authors.affiliation: Hospital Municipal José de Carvalho Florence, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thamiris
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Silva
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000097:blood; D001794:Blood Pressure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D011028:Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial; D011312:Pressure; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Artificial pneumoperitoneum; Intraoperative; Laparoscopy; Monitoring; Surgical instruments