title: Delayed progression of condylar cartilage degeneration, by   reduction of the discoidin domain receptor 2, in the   temporomandibular joints of osteoarthritic mouse models.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether reduction of the discoidin domain receptor 2 (Ddr2) delays the progression of condylar cartilage degeneration in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) of mouse models with osteoarthritis (OA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Double-heterozygous (Col11a1- and Ddr2-haploinsufficiency, Col11a1(+/−);Ddr2(+/−)) mice were generated. TMJs of Ddr2(+/−) mice were subjected to partial discectomy. Condylar cartilage from the TMJ of Col11a1(+/−);Ddr2(+/−) mice, surgically treated (discectomy) Ddr2(+/−) mice, and their corresponding controls was characterized by means of histology and evaluated using a scoring system specific to mouse joints.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The progression of condylar cartilage degeneration was significantly delayed in the TMJ of Col11a1(+/−);Ddr2(+/−) mice compared with those of the Col11a1(+/−) mice. The progression of condylar cartilage degeneration in the TMJ of Ddr2(+/−) mice following discectomy was also significantly delayed when compared with their wild-type littermates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reduced expression of Ddr2 delays the progression of condylar cartilage degeneration, induced either by type XI collagen haploinsufficiency or by a partial discectomy, in TMJ.
authors.forename: Armando
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salazar
authors.forename: Ilona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Polur
authors.forename: Jacqueline M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Servais
authors.forename: Yefu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000473:pathology*; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000235:genetics; D000090602:Collagen Type I, alpha 1 Chain; D024161:Collagen Type XI / Q000235:genetics; D000070818:Discoidin Domain Receptors; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D057895:Haploinsufficiency / Q000235:genetics; D006579:Heterozygote; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000032:analysis; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D011975:Receptors, Mitogen / Q000235:genetics*; D019224:Temporomandibular Joint Disc / Q000601:surgery; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D000090602:Collagen Type I, alpha 1 Chain; D024161:Collagen Type XI; D011509:Proteoglycans; D011975:Receptors, Mitogen; D000070818:Discoidin Domain Receptors; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases