title: Obesity and headache/migraine: the importance of weight reduction through lifestyle modifications.
abstract: The aim of this study is to determine a possible relationship between prevalence, frequency, and severity of migraine and obesity. All pertinent data from the literature have been critically examined and reviewed in order to assess the possible relationship between obesity and migraine, in particular migraine frequency and disability in children, as well as in adult population studies. Prevalence, frequency, and severity of migraine appear to increase in relation to the body mass index, although this evidence is not supported by all the studies examined. Data from literature suggest that obesity can be linked with migraine prevalence, frequency, and disability both in pediatric and adult subjects. These data have important clinical implications and suggest that clinicians should have a special interest for weight reduction of obese children suffering from migraine, prescribing and supporting intensive lifestyle modifications (dietary, physical activities, and behavioral) for the patient and the entire family.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Perugia, Località S. Andrea delle Fratte, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Verrotti
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Fonzo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Perugia, Località S. Andrea delle Fratte, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0945-2997
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Penta
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Unit, Ospedale Madonna del Soccorso, San Benedetto del Tronto (AP), Italy.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Agostinelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Neurology, II Faculty of Medicine, "La Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Pasquale
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9042-8120
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Parisi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015984:Causality; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004038:Diet, Reducing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009043:Motor Activity; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015995:Prevalence; D039781:PubMed / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012307:Risk Factors; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss; D061217:Weight Reduction Programs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult