title: Early and mid-term results of minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting (MICABG) is a less invasive method of performing surgical revascularization. This technique coupled with use of off pump technique of surgical revascularization makes it truly less invasive. This method is highly effective even in high-risk patients. Results of this procedure are comparable to standard off pump technique and are better than percutaneous coronary intervention utilizing drug-eluting stent. We present an early and mid-term result of the use of this technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 33 patients for analysis operated between 2008 and 2012. Operation was performed utilizing off-pump technique of coronary artery bypass grafting through a minimal invasive incision. Left internal mammary artery graft was done for single vessel disease and radial artery was utilized for other grafts if required. Median follow up of 2.5 years (6 months-4 years) is available.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median age was 58.5 years (41-77) and all were male. Single vessel disease was present in 7, double vessel in 14 and triple vessel disease in 12 patients. All the patients had normal left ventricular size and function. There was no operative and 30-day mortality. Conversion to median sternotomy to complete the operation was done in 6.6% (2 out of 33 patients). One patient had acute myocardial infarction and there were no deaths during follow up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MICABG is a safe and effective method of revascularization in low risk candidates for coronary artery bypass grafting.
authors.affiliation: Additional Professor, Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India. Electronic address: shantanupande@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Shantanu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pande
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Surendra K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Devendra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Satayapriya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mohanty
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Aditya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kapoor
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Satyendra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tewari
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Anubhav
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bansal
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Sushil P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Ambesh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000379:methods; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality*; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007387:Internal Mammary-Coronary Artery Anastomosis / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008323:Mammary Arteries / Q000637:transplantation; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality; D017534:Radial Artery / Q000637:transplantation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014654:Vascular Patency / Q000502:physiology
keywords: Cardiac surgery; Coronary artery bypass grafting; Minimal invasive