title: Exhaled nitric oxide, nitrite/nitrate levels, allergy, rhinitis and asthma in the EGEA study.
abstract: Although interest in biomarkers in the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway has recently increased, associations between nitrite (NO2(-)) and nitrate (NO3(-)), and asthma, allergic sensitisation and rhinitis remain unclear. The study aimed to evaluate the associations between NO2(-)/NO3(-) and exhaled fraction of nitric oxide (FeNO) levels with asthma, allergic sensitisation and rhinitis. Plasma and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) NO2(-)/NO3(-) and FeNO levels were measured in 523 adults of the French Epidemiological study on Genetics and Environment of Asthma. Allergic sensitisation was defined by a positive skin prick test for at least one aeroallergen. Subjects were classified as non-sensitised, sensitised and as having allergic rhinitis. Plasma NO2 (-)/NO3(-) level was unrelated to any disease phenotypes. EBC NO2(-)/NO3(-) level was unrelated to any asthma phenotypes. EBC NO2(-)/NO3(-) and FeNO levels were correlated in sensitised subjects only (r = 0.21 ± 0.10, p=0.01). EBC NO2(-)/NO3(-) and FeNO levels were higher in sensitised than in non-sensitised subjects (adjusted geometric mean (95% CI): 2.36 (1.96-2.84) versus 1.72 (1.38-2.14) μmol per mg proteins, p=0.008; and 18.3 (16.7-20.0) versus 14.8 (13.3-16.5) ppb, p=0.0006, respectively), with gradual relationships from sensitised subjects to those with allergic rhinitis (p<0.0001). Results suggest that EBC NO2(-)/NO3(-) and FeNO levels may be considered as biological markers of intensity of allergic sensitisation and rhinitis.
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U1018, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Respiratory and Environmental Epidemiology Team, Villejuif, France Univ. Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France.
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nadif
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U1018, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Respiratory and Environmental Epidemiology Team, Villejuif, France Univ. Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France mrava@cnio.es.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rava
authors.affiliation: Univ. Lille Nord de France, Lille, France.
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Decoster
authors.affiliation: Univ. Lille Nord de France, Lille, France Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre de Biologie Pathologie, CHRU de Lille, Lille, France.
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huyvaert
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U1018, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Respiratory and Environmental Epidemiology Team, Villejuif, France Univ. Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Le Moual
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U1018, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Respiratory and Environmental Epidemiology Team, Villejuif, France Univ. Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France CHU Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bousquet
authors.affiliation: Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut Albert Bonniot, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, France INSERM, Institut Albert Bonniot, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, France CHU de Grenoble, Institut Albert Bonniot, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Siroux
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U1018, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Respiratory and Environmental Epidemiology Team, Villejuif, France Univ. Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France.
authors.forename: Raphaëlle
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Varraso
authors.affiliation: Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut Albert Bonniot, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, France INSERM, Institut Albert Bonniot, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, France CHU de Grenoble, Institut Albert Bonniot, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pin
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre de Biologie Pathologie, CHRU de Lille, Lille, France.
authors.forename: Farid
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zerimech
authors.affiliation: Univ. Lille Nord de France, Lille, France.
authors.forename: Régis
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Matran
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000485:Allergens / Q000737:chemistry; D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000737:chemistry; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000166:cytology; D045853:Exhalation; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D009566:Nitrates / Q000737:chemistry*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D009573:Nitrites / Q000737:chemistry*; D010641:Phenotype; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000378:metabolism*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D015415:Biomarkers; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D009569:Nitric Oxide