title: State-of-the-art approach for bone sarcomas.
abstract: Bone sarcomas are a variety of non-epithelial, malignant neoplasms of bone. The most common bone sarcomas are osteosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, and chondrosarcoma. The approach to a patient with a suspected bone sarcoma from initial examination to the histological diagnosis and classification is staging. Staging is of critical importance, in order to classify different treatment options and point out which combination of them is more suitable depending on the severity of the tumor in every individual patient. Staging should include medical history, physical and imaging examination, and biopsy. This article presents the current approach for staging, principles of biopsy, tumor classification, treatment, and follow-up of patients with bone sarcomas.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Orthopaedics, ATTIKON University Hospital, Athens University Medical School, 41 Ventouri Street, Holargos, 15562, Athens, Greece, afm@otenet.gr.
authors.forename: Andreas F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Mavrogenis
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Angelini
authors.forename: Christos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vottis
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Palmerini
authors.forename: Eugenio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rimondi
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: Panayiotis J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Papagelopoulos
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ruggieri
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D005598:Fractures, Spontaneous / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D023821:Limb Salvage; D008487:Medical History Taking; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010808:Physical Examination; D011859:Radiography; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012509:Sarcoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy*