title: Tailor-made nanocontainers for combined magnetic-field-induced release and MRI.
abstract: The synthesis of a novel nanocapsule-based carrier system is described, possessing a triggered release in remote-controlled fashion upon application of an external magnetic field in combination with the possibility to use the capsules as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Therefore, polymeric nanocontainers containing a high amount of superparamagnetic MnFe2 O4 nanoparticles and a thermo-degradable shell are fabricated via a miniemulsion route. The process allows the facile encapsulation of hydrophilic compounds, as demonstrated for a model dye. Release of the encapsulated dye is achieved upon application of an external alternating magnetic field. While the magnetic nanoparticles here act as heat generators to stimulate the decomposition of the shell and subsequently a release of the payload, they additionally enable the use of the nanocapsules as imaging agents for MRI. Due to the encapsulated magnetic nanoparticles, the nanocapsules possess high r2 relaxivity values of 96-120 Hz mmol(-1) , which makes them suitable for MRI. In toxicity experiments, the nanocapsules show no cell toxicity up to fairly high concentrations (600 µg mL(-1) ). Due to their dual-functionality, the nanocapsules possess high potential as nanocarriers with combined magnetic-field-induced release capability and as contrast agents for MRI.
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Staudinger Weg 9, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Markus B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Bannwarth
authors.forename: Sandro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ebert
authors.forename: Maximilian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lauck
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ziener
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tomcin
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jakob
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Münnemann
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mailänder
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Musyanovych
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Landfester
mesh_terms: D003287:Contrast Media / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D060526:Magnetic Fields; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008422:Materials Testing; D008956:Models, Chemical; D053769:Nanocapsules / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D053769:Nanocapsules
keywords: magnetic resonance imaging; magnetic triggered release; miniemulsion; multifunctional; nanocapsules