title: PPARγ and the global map of adipogenesis and beyond.
abstract: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a member of the nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily of ligand-dependent transcription factors (TFs) and function as a master regulator of adipocyte differentiation and metabolism. We review recent breakthroughs in the understanding of PPARγ gene regulation and function in the chromatin context. It is now clear that multiple TFs team up to induce PPARγ during adipogenesis, and that other TFs cooperate with PPARγ to ensure adipocyte-specific genomic binding and function. We discuss how this differs in other PPARγ-expressing cells such as macrophages and how these genome-wide mechanisms are preserved across species despite modest conservation of specific binding sites. These emerging considerations inform our understanding of PPARγ function as well as of adipocyte development and physiology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Martina I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Lefterova
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: Anders K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Haakonsson
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address: lazar@mail.med.upenn.edu.
authors.forename: Mitchell A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lazar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark. Electronic address: s.mandrup@bmb.sdu.dk.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mandrup
mesh_terms: D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D002843:Chromatin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D047495:PPAR gamma
keywords: PPARγ; adipogenesis; chromatin; genome-wide analyses; transcriptional network