title: Atrial septal defects: Pattern, clinical profile, surgical techniques and outcome at Innova heart hospital: A 4-year review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect that leads to shunting of blood between left and right atria. It may be asymptomatic and sometimes may present with heart failure. Surgical repair is definitive, but currently non-surgical procedure is used to close the defect.
  
  
  METHODS
  It is a retrospective study of patients who underwent transcatheter closure of ASD at Innova Heart Hospital, Hyderabad, India. Echocardiography was repeated at intervals of 24 hours, then at 1, 3 and 6 months after the procedure to assess complications. The morphological characteristics of the ASD, including its diameter, location, shape and the width of surrounding septal margins, were also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From April 2007 to June 2011, 69 consecutive children (29 males, 40 females) with a median age of 9.0 years (range = 3.2-19 years) registered with diagnosis of ASD. The median weight was 31.5 kg (range = 7.5-39.0 kg). Five patients (7.2%) were young children aged 3-5 years. Forty-four (63.8%) of these children presented with symptoms of heart failure, whereas 47 (68.1%) of the cases repaired with device were large-sized ASD. The most common interventional procedures done were Searcare Heart(®) and Amplatzer(®) technique with a highest success rate obtained in 2010.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ASD is a common congenital heart disease with a high success rate for those who undergo intervention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Daberechi K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Adiele
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Josephat M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Chinawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Ijeoma O
authors.initials: IO
authors.lastname: Arodiwe
authors.affiliation: Innova Children's Heart Hospital, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gouthami
authors.affiliation: Innova Children's Heart Hospital, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Murthy
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Cardiothoracic Unit, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria.
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Eze
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Egbuna O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Obidike
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Fortune A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Ujunwa
keywords: Atrial septal defect; India; children; echocardiography