title: Occurrence and distribution of antibiotics in the surface sediments of the Yangtze Estuary and nearby coastal areas.
abstract: The occurrence and distribution of five groups of antibiotics were investigated in the surface sediments of the Yangtze Estuary over four seasons. Four tetracyclines (TCs), sulfaquinoxaline (SQ), enrofloxacin (EFC) and thiamphenicol (TAP) were detected in all the samples, while sulfamerazine (SM) and sulfathiazole (ST) showed the lowest detection frequency. The detection frequencies and antibiotic concentrations were generally higher in January and May, indicating that low flow conditions and low temperature might enhance the persistence of antibiotics in sediment. Antibiotic levels varied with location, with the highest concentrations being observed around river discharges and sewage outfalls. Furthermore, a positive correlation between the concentration of quinolones and TOC revealed the significant role played by TOC. The concentration of quinolones at Wusongkou exceeded the trigger value (0.10 mg kg(-1)) of the Steering Committee of the Veterinary International Committee on Harmonization (VICH), which should be paid attention to in future studies.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China; State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China. Electronic address: yyang@geo.ecnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China.
authors.forename: Caixia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China.
authors.forename: Haiying
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China.
authors.forename: Junliang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000032:analysis*; D002681:China; D063366:Estuaries; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000032:analysis*; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012621:Seasons; D012722:Sewage; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D014877:Water Pollution, Chemical / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D012722:Sewage; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Antibiotics; Distribution; Sediments; TOC