title: Multicenter cross-sectional study of asymptomatic peripheral arterial disease among patients with a single previous coronary or cerebrovascular event in the Arabian Gulf.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the epidemiology and predictors of asymptomatic peripheral artery disease (PAD) in patients with a single previous coronary or cerebrovascular event in the Arabian Gulf.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a cross-sectional, multicenter, observational survey in consecutive patients (≥18 years) with documented previous coronary and/or cerebrovascular atherothrombotic event in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Kuwait and Qatar (64 centers), from October 2008 to December 2010. PAD was defined as an ankle brachial index <0.9 in at least one leg.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall mean age of the cohort (n = 2110) was 54 ± 11 years with only 14% being female (n = 303). The prevalence of asymptomatic PAD was 13.7%, with the highest prevalence seen in Kuwait (16.3%) and the UAE (14.7%) and the lowest in Qatar (5.3%). There were significant differences in the prevalence of asymptomatic PAD among the ethnic groups (p < 0.001): it was highest among the local Arabs and Caucasians at 19% and lowest among South East Asians (6%). The multivariate logistic model demonstrated that the most significant predictors of PAD were old age (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.04; 95% CI: 1.02-1.05; p < 0.001), female gender (OR, 1.56; 95% CI: 1.06-2.29; p = 0.024), ethnicity (OR, 0.39; 95% CI: 0.19-0.79; p = 0.009), smoking (OR, 1.70; 95% CI: 1.22-2.37: p = 0.002) and diabetes mellitus (OR, 1.49; 95% CI: 1.14-1.94; p = 0.004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PAD is prevalent in the Arabian Gulf and is more likely to be associated with old age, females, ethnicity, smokers and those with diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: Burjeel Hospital , Abu Dhabi , United Arab Emirates.
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Marzouk
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Al-Bader
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Al-Thani
authors.forename: Ayman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El-Menyar
authors.forename: Jassim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Al Suwaidi
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Al-Zakwani
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Deleu
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ismail
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D055109:Ankle Brachial Index; D058070:Asymptomatic Diseases; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000150:complications*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007730:Kuwait; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D011780:Qatar; D012307:Risk Factors; D014479:United Arab Emirates
keywords: Ankle brachial index; Arab; Atherosclerosis; Kuwait; Middle East; Peripheral artery disease; Predictors; Prevalence; Qatar; United Arab Emirates