title: Polarization-sensitive hyperspectral imaging in vivo: a multimode dermoscope for skin analysis.
abstract: Attempts to understand the changes in the structure and physiology of human skin abnormalities by non-invasive optical imaging are aided by spectroscopic methods that quantify, at the molecular level, variations in tissue oxygenation and melanin distribution. However, current commercial and research systems to map hemoglobin and melanin do not correlate well with pathology for pigmented lesions or darker skin. We developed a multimode dermoscope that combines polarization and hyperspectral imaging with an efficient analytical model to map the distribution of specific skin bio-molecules. This corrects for the melanin-hemoglobin misestimation common to other systems, without resorting to complex and computationally intensive tissue optical models. For this system's proof of concept, human skin measurements on melanocytic nevus, vitiligo, and venous occlusion conditions were performed in volunteers. The resulting molecular distribution maps matched physiological and anatomical expectations, confirming a technologic approach that can be applied to next generation dermoscopes and having biological plausibility that is likely to appeal to dermatologists.
authors.affiliation: Spectral Molecular Imaging Inc., 250 N. Robertson Blvd., Beverly Hills CA, USA 90211.
authors.forename: Fartash
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vasefi
authors.affiliation: Spectral Molecular Imaging Inc., 250 N. Robertson Blvd., Beverly Hills CA, USA 90211.
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: MacKinnon
authors.affiliation: Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine, 1002 Health Sciences Rd. East, Irvine, CA 92617.
authors.forename: Rolf B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Saager
authors.affiliation: Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine, 1002 Health Sciences Rd. East, Irvine, CA 92617.
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Durkin
authors.affiliation: Spectral Molecular Imaging Inc., 250 N. Robertson Blvd., Beverly Hills CA, USA 90211.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chave
authors.affiliation: Spectral Molecular Imaging Inc., 250 N. Robertson Blvd., Beverly Hills CA, USA 90211.
authors.forename: Erik H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Lindsley
authors.affiliation: 1] Spectral Molecular Imaging Inc., 250 N. Robertson Blvd., Beverly Hills CA, USA 90211 [2] Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA, USA 90089.
authors.forename: Daniel L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Farkas
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D009508:Nevus, Pigmented / Q000175:diagnosis; D061848:Optical Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology*; D013057:Spectrum Analysis / Q000379:methods; D014820:Vitiligo / Q000175:diagnosis