title: Reference intervals of several renal and hepatic function parameters for apparently healthy adults from Eastern China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Biochemical substances relating to renal and hepatic function are influenced not only by individual factors such as gender, lifestyle, and age but also by ecological factors, such as altitude, climate, and ethnic background. The purpose of the present study was to establish reference intervals for 16 biochemical substances relating to renal and hepatic function in healthy Chinese adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 2,405 apparently healthy individuals (18-77 years of age) were chosen as reference individuals in the present study. The 16 biochemical substances relating to renal and hepatic function were analyzed using a HITACHI RL7600 analyzer. The reference intervals were established using nonparametric methods to estimate the 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles of the distribution as the lower and the upper limits, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Age- and gender-appropriate reference intervals were established for some biochemical substances relating to renal and hepatic function in healthy Chinese adults.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The reference intervals established in this study can provide a useful clinical tool for the assessment of the kidney and liver damage. In addition, the established reference intervals can be adopted in other clinical laboratories after further validation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Shang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Dongxu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Hsingying
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Changqing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000502:physiology*; D008099:Liver / Q000502:physiology*; D008111:Liver Function Tests / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D012737:Sex Factors; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Kidney function tests; Liver function tests; Reference values