title: Expressions of ABCG2, CD133, and podoplanin in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma.
abstract: Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is one of the most common salivary gland malignant tumors with a high risk of recurrence and metastasis. Current studies on cancer stem cells (CSCs) have verified that CSCs are the driving force behind tumor initiation and progression, suggesting that new cancer therapies may be established by effectively targeting and killing the CSCs. The primary goal of this study is to investigate the expression patterns of ABCG2, CD133, and podoplanin in ACC of minor salivary glands by immunohistochemistry analysis. We found that ABCG2 was weakly expressed in normal looking salivary gland tissues. A significant upregulation of ABCG2 expression in ACC was observed with a similar expression pattern of Ki-67. CD133 was detected in apical membrane of epithelial cells and podoplanin was expressed positively in myoepithelial cells of both normal looking tissue and ACC. However, no significant difference was found of the expression pattern of CD133 and podoplanin between normal looking tissues and ACC. Our observations suggest that CSCs may exist in quiescent cells with ABCG2 positive staining, which are surrounded by cells with positive expression of ABCG2 and Ki-67 in ACC, and costaining with ABCG2 and Ki-67 may help predict the location of CSCs.
authors.affiliation: Medical College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, 9 Western Section, Lvshun South Street, Dalian 116044, China.
authors.forename: Wuwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaemachi-nishi, Matsudo 271-8587, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tamamura
authors.affiliation: Comprehensive Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 300 E. Superior Street, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Statistics, Dalian Medical University, 9 Western Section, Lvshun South Street, Dalian 116044, China.
authors.forename: Qigui
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Medical College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, 9 Western Section, Lvshun South Street, Dalian 116044, China.
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Medical College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, 9 Western Section, Lvshun South Street, Dalian 116044, China.
authors.forename: Tingjiao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8525, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Katase
authors.affiliation: Medical College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, 9 Western Section, Lvshun South Street, Dalian 116044, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8525, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagatsuka
mesh_terms: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D000070997:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D003528:Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010455:Peptides; D012468:Salivary Gland Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D000098853:Podoplanin
chemical_list: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D000070997:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D015703:Antigens, CD; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D006023:Glycoproteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D010455:Peptides; C116614:ABCG2 protein, human; C117468:PDPN protein, human; D000098853:Podoplanin; C000606023:PROM1 protein, human