title: Hepatoprotective Effects of Silybum marianum (Silymarin) and Glycyrrhiza glabra (Glycyrrhizin) in Combination: A Possible Synergy.
abstract: Oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and transaminase reactions are some of the mechanisms that can lead to liver dysfunction. A time-dependent study was designed to evaluate the ability of silymarin (SLN) and glycyrrhizin (GLN) in different dosage regimens to lessen oxidative stress in the rats with hepatic injury caused by the hepatotoxin carbon tetrachloride. Wistar male albino rats (n = 60) were randomly assigned to six groups. Group A served as a positive control while groups B, C, D, E, and F received a dose of CCl4 (50% solution of CCl4 in liquid paraffin, 2 mL/kg, intraperitoneally) twice a week to induce hepatic injury. Additionally, the animals received SLN and GLN in different doses for a period of six weeks. CCl4 was found to induce hepatic injury by significantly increasing serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances while decreasing total protein and the activities of reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase. Treatment with various doses of SLN and GLN significantly reduced ALT, AST, ALP, and TBARS levels and increased GSH, SOD, and CAT levels. Our findings indicated that SLN and GLN have hepatoprotective effects against oxidative stress of the liver.
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Post Box No. 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mahmood
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rasool
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Javed
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Iqbal
authors.affiliation: The Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Arif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.affiliation: The Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Hafiza Sobia
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Ramzan
authors.affiliation: The Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad Saeed
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Informatics, BUITEMS, Quetta, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asif
authors.affiliation: Center for Research in Molecular Medicine, University of Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Mahmood Husain
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Qazi
authors.affiliation: King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohammad Amjad
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0088-0565
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kamal
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Post Box No. 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Adeel Gulzar Ahmed
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Chaudhary
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Post Box No. 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohammed Hussain
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Al-Qahtani
authors.affiliation: Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Siew Hua
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Gan
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Post Box No. 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Sajjad
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0907-2097
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karim