title: Estrogen regulates the expression of Ndrg2 in astrocytes.
abstract: N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (Ndrg2) is a newly identified molecule that is mainly expressed in astrocytes within the central nervous system (CNS) and is involved in the proliferation and activation of astrocytes. 17β-estradiol (E2) is one of the most important circulating hormones, and in the CNS, astrocytes are a target and potential mediator of the action of E2. Our most recent study found that DPN, an estrogen receptor (ER) β-specific agonist, activated the Ndrg2 promoter and elevated endogenous NDRG2 protein expression in MCF7, HSG and T-47D cells. However, whether E2 regulates Ndrg2 expression in astrocytes remains unknown. Here, we conducted both in vivo and in vitro experiments and found that ERβ co-localized with NDRG2 in astrocytes. Furthermore, in primary cultured astrocytes, we demonstrated that E2 up-regulated Ndrg2 mRNA and protein expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner and that the ERβ agonist DPN but not the ERα agonist PPT up-regulated Ndrg2 expression. In vivo, we found that in the hippocampus of adult ovariectomized (OVX) female mice, Ndrg2 mRNA and protein expression were significantly decreased compared with those in normal adult female mice. After the OVX mice received continuous subcutaneous injections of 50μg/kg E2, 100μg/kg E2 or the ERβ agonist DPN for 10 days, the Ndrg2 expression significantly increased compared with that of the OVX mice. Our results indicate that E2 may affect astrocytes by regulating Ndrg2 expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi׳an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Long
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi׳an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Pei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi׳an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Da-Yun
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi׳an 710032, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi׳an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi׳an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Li-Xia
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi׳an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Zhao-Yu
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi׳an 710032, China.
authors.forename: An-Qi
authors.initials: AQ
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi׳an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Hong
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi׳an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Hai-Long
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco 94143-0648, United States.
authors.forename: Ling-Zhong
authors.initials: LZ
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi׳an 710032, China. Electronic address: gangwuhou@163.com.
authors.forename: Wu-Gang
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi׳an 710032, China. Electronic address: mzkxlz@126.com.
authors.forename: Li-Ze
authors.initials: LZ
authors.lastname: Xiong
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta / Q000819:agonists / Q000378:metabolism; D004967:Estrogens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D004967:Estrogens; C485172:Ndr2 protein, mouse; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D004958:Estradiol
keywords: 17β-estradiol (E2); Astrocyte; ERβ; Ndrg2