title: Television viewing time and measured cardiorespiratory fitness in adult women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study assessed the relationship between television viewing time and measured cardiorespiratory fitness and the influence of various potential confounders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intermountain West.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample was composed of 302 nonsmoking women aged 40.2 ± 3.0 years, with ~90% Caucasian and 82% married.
  
  
  METHODS
  TV viewing was assessed by using a questionnaire, and cardiorespiratory fitness was measured by using a graded, maximum treadmill test. Physical activity (PA) was evaluated by using accelerometers for 7 days, and body fat percentage (BF%) was measured by using the Bod Pod.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analysis of variance and partial correlation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  VO2max of Frequent (≥3 h/d) TV viewers (32.6 ± 6.4 mL/kg/min) was significantly lower than that of both Moderate (1-2 h/d) (36.2 ± 7.2 mL/kg/min) or Infrequent (<1 h/d) (36.5 ± 6.5 mL/kg/min) viewers (F = 8.0, p = .0004). The Infrequent and Moderate groups did not differ in VO2max. Age, education, body mass index, and season of assessment had no influence on the relationship when controlled statistically. Adjusting for PA (F = 4.2, p = .0157) and BF% (F = 5.0, p = .0071) weakened the relationship by 59% and 58%, respectively, but the relationships remained significant. After controlling for both PA and BF% simultaneously (F = 2.9, p = .0572), the relationship was weakened by 81% and was only borderline significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Female Frequent TV viewers have significantly lower cardiorespiratory fitness levels than Moderate or Infrequent viewers. This association appears to be largely a function of differences in levels of PA and BF%.
authors.forename: Larry A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Tucker
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Arens
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: LeCheminant
authors.forename: Bruce W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Bailey
mesh_terms: D061725:Accelerometry; D000367:Age Factors; D000072599:Cardiorespiratory Fitness; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D049669:History, 16th Century; D006801:Humans; D012621:Seasons; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D012737:Sex Factors; D013690:Television; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Health focus: physical activity; Manuscript format: research; Media; Obesity; Outcome measure: biometric, morbidity; Physical Activity; Prevention Research; Research purpose: relationship testing; Screen Time; Sedentary Lifestyle; Setting: community; Strategy: education, skill building/behavior change; Study design: cross-sectional; Target population age: adults; Target population circumstances: education/income level, geographic location