title: [Evaluation of the in vitro susceptibility pattern of clinical isolates of Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton rubrum in Santiago, Chile].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dermatophytes are a group of keratinophilic fungi able to produce dermatophytosis or tinea infections. In Chile, Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes are the ones most commonly isolated in adults, while Microsporum canis is found among children. Treatment of these infections is usually with topical or oral antifungals, such as griseofulvin or azole derivatives (clotrimazole, itraconazole, fluconazole), allylamines (terbinafine) or new drugs that are available.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Evaluation of the in vitro susceptibility of dermatophytes to five antifungal agents and the comparison of the susceptibility pattern with that of previous years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-two clinical isolates of dermatophyte fungi were studied (March-June 2010). The CLSI M38-A2 micromethod was used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fluconazole MIC values for T. rubrum and T. mentagrophytes varied between 0.25 and 1 μg/ml; MIC range to clotrimazole, terbinafine and itraconazole was 0.03-0.06 μg/ml, and MIC values for griseofulvin were 0.015-0.03 μg/ml. No statistically significant differences were found between susceptibility patterns, except for fluconazole.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fluconazole was less active in comparison with other drugs tested (0.25-1 μg/ml). None of the isolates were resistant to any of the drugs, and no changes in the susceptibility pattern were observed when comparing the results with data previously reported concerning dermatophytes in Chile.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Microbiología y Micología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile. Electronic address: mcdiaz@med.uchile.cl.
authors.forename: María Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Díaz Jarabrán
authors.affiliation: Programa de Microbiología y Micología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Díaz González
authors.affiliation: Programa de Microbiología y Micología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Espinoza Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Micología, ACIAM, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: Alfonso Javier
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Carrillo Muñoz
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002677:Chile; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal; D005260:Female; D006118:Griseofulvin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077291:Terbinafine; D014005:Tinea / Q000382:microbiology*; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014249:Trichophyton / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D009281:Naphthalenes; D014230:Triazoles; D006118:Griseofulvin; D000077291:Terbinafine
keywords: Antifungal; Antifúngico; Clotrimazol; Clotrimazole; Dermatofitos; Dermatophytes; Fluconazol; Fluconazole; Griseofulvin; Griseofulvina; Itraconazol; Itraconazole; Sensibilidad; Susceptibility; Terbinafina; Terbinafine