title: Effects of antipsychotic D2 antagonists on long-term potentiation in animals and implications for human studies.
abstract: In people with schizophrenia, cognitive abilities - including memory - are strongly associated with functional outcome. Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a form of neuroplasticity that is believed to be the physiological basis for memory. It has been postulated that antipsychotic medication can impair long-term potentiation and cognition by altering dopaminergic transmission. Thus, a systematic review was performed in order to assess the relationship between antipsychotics and D2 antagonists on long-term potentiation. The majority of studies on LTP and antipsychotics have found that acute administration of antipsychotics was associated with impairments in LTP in wild-type animals. In contrast, chronic administration and acute antipsychotics in animal models of schizophrenia were not. Typical and atypical antipsychotics and other D2 antagonists behaved similarly, with the exception of clozapine and olanzapine. Clozapine caused potentiation independent of tetanization, while olanzapine facilitated tetanus-induced potentiation. These studies are limited in their ability to model the effects of antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia as they were largely performed in wild-type animals as opposed to humans with schizophrenia, and assessed after acute rather than chronic treatment. Further studies using patients with schizophrenia receiving chronic antipsychotic treatment are needed to better understand the effects of these medications in this population.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Rae
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Price
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Bahar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Salavati
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Geriatric Psychiatry Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Ariel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Graff-Guerrero
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Geriatric Psychiatry Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Daniel M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Blumberger
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Geriatric Psychiatry Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Benoit H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Mulsant
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Zafiris J
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Daskalakis
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Geriatric Psychiatry Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada. Electronic address: Tarek.Rajji@camh.ca.
authors.forename: Tarek K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Rajji
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D065127:Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D017774:Long-Term Potentiation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D065127:Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; D004298:Dopamine
keywords: Animals; Antipsychotics; D2; Humans; LTP; Neurophysiology