title: Complete mitochondrial genome of the atlas moth, Attacus atlas (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) and the phylogenetic relationship of Saturniidae species.
abstract: Mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) can provide information for genomic structure as well as for phylogenetic analysis and evolutionary biology. In this study, we present the complete mitogenome of the atlas moth, Attacus atlas (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae), a well-known silk-producing and ornamental insect with the largest wing surface area of all moths. The mitogenome of A. atlas is a circular molecule of 15,282 bp long, and its nucleotide composition shows heavily biased towards As and Ts, accounting for 79.30%. This genome comprises 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), and an A+T-rich region. It is of note that this genome exhibits a slightly positive AT skew, which is different from the other known Saturniidae species. All PCGs are initiated by ATN codons, except for COI with CGA instead. Only six PCGs use a common stop codon of TAA or TAG, whereas the remaining seven use an incomplete termination codon T or TA. All tRNAs have the typical clover-leaf structure, with an exception for tRNA(Ser)(AGN). The A. atlas A+T-rich region contains non-repetitive sequences, but harbors several features common to the Bombycoidea insects. The phylogenetic relationships based on Maximum Likelihood method provide a well-supported outline of Saturniidae, which is in accordance with the traditional morphological classification and recent molecular works.
authors.affiliation: Insect Resource Center for Engineering and Technology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
authors.forename: Miao-Miao
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Insect Resource Center for Engineering and Technology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Insect Resource Center for Engineering and Technology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
authors.forename: Mo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Insect Resource Center for Engineering and Technology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
authors.forename: Huan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Insect Resource Center for Engineering and Technology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
authors.forename: Qun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Insect Resource Center for Engineering and Technology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
authors.forename: Run-Xi
authors.initials: RX
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Administration Bureau of Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve, Yunnan, Jinghong 666100, China.
authors.forename: Cai-Yun
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Insect Resource Center for Engineering and Technology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China. Electronic address: liyuping@syau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yu-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Insect Resource Center for Engineering and Technology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Wild Silkworms of Liaoning Province, Sericultural Institute of Liaoning Province, Fengcheng 118100, China. Electronic address: liuyanqun@syau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yan-Qun
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Insect Resource Center for Engineering and Technology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D018388:Codon, Terminator; D021901:DNA, Intergenic; D049750:Genome, Insect; D054629:Genome, Mitochondrial; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D007915:Lepidoptera / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009036:Moths / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal; D012343:RNA, Transfer
chemical_list: D018388:Codon, Terminator; D021901:DNA, Intergenic; D019476:Insect Proteins; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal; D012343:RNA, Transfer
keywords: Atlas moth; Attacus atlas; Genomic structure; Nucleotide composition; Phylogenetic relationship