title: Influence of polysulphone-derived dialysis membranes on the interaction of circulating mononuclear cells with the endothelium.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cardiovascular morbidity in hemodialysis (HD) patients may be influenced by the activation of circulating mononuclear cells (MCs) with subsequently increased endothelium interaction. The use of more biocompatible membranes would reduce this monocyte activation. We compare monocyte activation after using two different high-flux polymers, polysulphone and polyethersulphone.
  
  
  METHODS
  The first part of the study was done with 10 patients who successively received dialysis for 2 weeks with polysulphone and polyethersulphone. The second part with 30 patients dialyzed for 3 months with polysulphone or polyethersulphone. Blood samples were taken before (pre-HD) and after (post-HD) the first HD session with each membrane to evaluate the effect of a single HD session. To assess acute and chronic effects of membranes, blood samples were taken pre-HD, after 2 weeks (first part of study) and after 3 months (second part of study). MCs were isolated from blood and then incubated with cultured human endothelial cells to evaluate MC adhesion, MC-dependent endothelial toxicity, and endothelial protein expressions of nitric oxide synthase and endothelin-converting enzyme-1 (ECE-1).
  
  
  RESULTS
  One single HD session did not induce any changes. Dialysis for 2 weeks (first part of study) with polyethersulphone reduced MC adhesion to endothelium, cellular toxicity, and ECE-1 protein expression compared to polysulphone or basal conditions. Dialysis for 3 months (second part of study) increased MC adhesion to endothelium, whereas cellular toxicity was decreased with both dialyzers compared to the basal situation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although polyethersulphone HD decreased the interaction of MC with the endothelium in short-term experiments, both membranes were comparable in the long-term.
authors.affiliation: 2 Research Unit of the Foundation for Biomedical Research, Príncipe de Asturias University Hospital, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid - Spain.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martínez-Miguel
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: de Sequera
authors.forename: Álvaro
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Molina
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Oviedo
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grande
authors.forename: Cipriano
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Escaja
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Díaz
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Abreu
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asensio
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Puyol
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: López-Ongil
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016282:Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D000072396:Endothelin-Converting Enzymes; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D011108:Polymers; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013450:Sulfones
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011108:Polymers; D013450:Sulfones; C017662:polysulfone P 1700; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D016282:Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; C000606923:ECE1 protein, human; D000072396:Endothelin-Converting Enzymes