title: Ureaplasma diversum as a cause of pustular vulvovaginitis in bovine females in Vale Guapore, Mato Grosso State, Brazil.
abstract: Ureaplasma diversum has been associated with various reproductive problems in cattle that include granular vulvovaginitis, weak calves, and abortion. This study was conducted in a beef herd situated in the Middle-West region of Brazil, and the objectives were to verify the presence of U. diversum and to elucidate its possible relationships with independent variables in this bovine herd population. A total of 134 vaginal mucous swabs were taken for polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Of these, 51 (38 %) were PCR positive for U. diversum. Of the 58 heifers with vulvovaginal lesions characterized by hyperemia, granulated lesions, and edema distributed throughout the vulvar mucosa, 37 (64 %) were U. diversum positive; of the 76 heifers without reproductive lesions, 14 (18 %) were U. diversum positive. All tested samples were negative for bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that the following two variables were significantly associated with the presence of U. diversum: the presence of vulvar lesions (p = 0.001) and the presence of a progesterone (P4) device (p = 0.001). These findings indicate that U. diversum should be considered a pathogen that is associated with pustular vulvovaginitis in heifers from the Mato Grosso state and that additional studies of the risk factors associated with intravaginal P4 device transmission should be performed.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa 2367, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, CEP 78069-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: João Guilherme L N
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Gaeti
authors.forename: Marconni V C
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Lana
authors.forename: Gustavo S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Letycia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lerner
authors.forename: Camila G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: de Campos
authors.forename: Fernanda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Haruni
authors.forename: Edson M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Colodel
authors.forename: Eduardo F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Luis G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Corbellini
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nakazato
authors.forename: Caroline A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Pescador
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D016014:Linear Models; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D011247:Pregnancy; D014509:Ureaplasma / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016869:Ureaplasma Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D014848:Vulvovaginitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*