title: Thermo-Active Behavior of Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate | Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Composites Examined by in Situ near-Edge X-ray Absorption Fine-Structure Spectroscopy.
abstract: NEXAFS spectroscopy was used to investigate the temperature dependence of thermally active ethylene-vinyl acetate | multiwall carbon nanotube (EVA|MWCNT) films. The data shows systematic variations of intensities with increasing temperature. Molecular orbital assignment of interplaying intensities identified the 1s → π*C=Cand 1s → π*C=Otransitions as the main actors during temperature variation. Furthermore, enhanced near-edge interplay was observed in prestrained composites. Because macroscopic observations confirmed enhanced thermal-mechanical actuation in prestrained composites, our findings suggest that the interplay of C=C and C=O π orbitals may be instrumental to actuation.
authors.affiliation: School of Electronic Engineering, Bangor University , Bangor LL57 1UT, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: A Douglas
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Winter
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Texas at San Antonio , San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Larios
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science & Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States.
authors.forename: Faisal M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Alamgir
authors.affiliation: Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States.
authors.forename: Cherno
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jaye
authors.affiliation: Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States.
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.affiliation: Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences , Bratislava 84541, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Mária
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Omastová
authors.affiliation: School of Electronic Engineering, Bangor University , Bangor LL57 1UT, United Kingdom ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Texas at San Antonio , San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States.
authors.forename: Eva M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Campo