title: Seroprevalence of canine visceral leishmaniasis in southeast of Iran.
abstract: Visceral leishmaniasis is an endemic disease in many parts of Iran and infected dogs constitute the main domestic reservoirs that play a key role in transmission to humans. The objective of this study was to assess the seroprevalence of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in southeast of Iran. This survey was carried out from 2009 to 2011 in Kerman, Bam and Baft districts in Kerman province and Zabol in Sistan-Baluchestan province. Blood samples were taken from 201 dogs after complete clinical examination. Following hematological evaluation; collected sera were tested by indirect ELISA method for the presence of anti Leishmania infantum antibodies. Overall seroprevalence was 15.4 %, including 6.4, 3.5, 3 and 2.4 % in Bam, Zabol, Baft and Kerman, respectively. However, seroprevalence of disease was not significantly related to age, gender, presence of clinical signs and hematological disorders. Based to the results of the present study, CVL is endemic in southeastern Iran. Delayed diagnosis and euthanasia of potentially infectious animals may occur with an increased transmission risk to sand flies and subsequently to humans. Implementation of potent screening tests with high validity is essential for rapid detection and successful dog elimination programs in endemic parts of Iran.
authors.affiliation: Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Mostafavi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mahshid
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tropical and Infectious Disease Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 76169133, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Akhtardanesh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baharak
authors.affiliation: Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Sharifi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iraj
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Kakooei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sina
authors.affiliation: Pathobiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Khedri
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Javad
authors.affiliation: Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Bamorovat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mehdi
keywords: Canine visceral leishmaniasis; ELISA; Iran; Seroprevalence