title: Histological changes induced by Polyglycolic-Acid (PGA) scaffolds seeded with autologous adipose or muscle-derived stem cells when implanted on rabbit bladder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the morphological and histological changes induced by PGA scaffold seeded with autologous adipose or muscle derived stem cells implanted on rabbit bladder wall.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) were obtained from the inguinal fat of eight rabbits and muscle derived stem cells (MDSCs) from the anterior tibial muscle of other eight rabbits. After culture and isolation, the cells were stained with Vybrant Red CM DiI and then implanted at third passage. Two PGA scaffolds were implanted on the bladder submucosa of each animal. On the right bladder side was implanted unseeded PGA scaffold while on the left side was implanted ADSCs or skeletal MDSCs seeded PGA scaffold. ADSCs were implanted in eight animals and MDSC in other eight animals. The animals were sacrificed at four and eight weeks. Histological evaluation was performed with Hematoxylin and Eosin, Masson's Trichrome and smooth muscle α-actin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed a mild inflammatory response in all the three groups. Seeded scaffolds induced higher lymphocytes and lower polimorphonuclear migration than controls. Fibrosis was more pronounced in the control groups. Smooth muscle α-actin was positive only in ADSC and MDSC seeded scaffolds. At four and eight weeks ADCSs and skeletal MDSCs labeled cells were found at the implant sites.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The implantation of PGA scaffolds seeded with ADSC and MDSC induced less fibrosis than control and smooth muscle regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Sao Paulo; Sao Paulo, Brazil; Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine; Winston-Salem, NC USA.
authors.forename: Joao Paulo
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Zambon
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Sao Paulo; Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Letícia Siqueira
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: de Sá Barretto
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Sao Paulo; Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ahy Nathally Sawaki E
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Sao Paulo; Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Duailibi
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Sao Paulo; Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kátia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.affiliation: Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine; Winston-Salem, NC USA.
authors.forename: Renata S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Magalhaes
authors.affiliation: Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine; Winston-Salem, NC USA.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Orlando
authors.affiliation: Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine; Winston-Salem, NC USA.
authors.forename: Christina L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.affiliation: Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine; Winston-Salem, NC USA; Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Pavia; University of Pavia; Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peloso
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Sao Paulo; Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernando G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Almeida
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology; D000818:Animals; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D005355:Fibrosis; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D009132:Muscles / Q000166:cytology*; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011817:Rabbits; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D003094:Collagen
keywords: PGA scaffold; adipocyte derived stem cells; muscle derived stem cells; rabbit bladder