title: CT findings of acute pelvic inflammatory disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the computed tomographic (CT) findings of acute pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective, single-institution case-control study was approved by our institutional review board, and the informed consent was waived owing to the retrospective nature of the study. CT images of 32 women with clinically proven acute PID and 32 control subjects with other conditions of similar presentation were retrospectively reviewed. Analysis of CT findings included hepatic capsular enhancement, pelvic fat haziness, complicated ascites, uterine serosal enhancement, tubal thickening, endometritis, and oophoritis. Comparison of CT findings was performed with the Chi square test or the Fisher exact test and logistic regression analysis was used to determine significant CT findings in predicting PID.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CT findings that showed a statistically significant difference were hepatic capsular enhancement on late arterial phase (p = 0.003), pelvic fat haziness (p = 0.045), and tubal thickening (p = 0.001). Subsequent multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the presence of hepatic capsular enhancement on late arterial phase and tubal thickening were significant predictors of PID (hepatic capsular enhancement on late arterial phase, p = 0.015, odds ratio [OR] = 4.8; tubal thickening, p = 0.005, OR = 10.5).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diagnostic morphological CT findings in women with clinically proven PID and acute abdominal pain include hepatic capsular enhancement on late arterial phase and tubal thickening.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Mi Hee
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Min Hoan
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Chang Kyu
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: Hyunsik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.forename: Sohee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oh
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D007472:Iohexol; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D000292:Pelvic Inflammatory Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D010388:Pelvis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D007472:Iohexol