title: Inhibitory effect of adenosine on intimal hyperplasia and proliferation of smooth muscle cells in a carotid arterial anastomosis animal model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The effect of adenosine (9-β-0-ribifuranosyladenine) on the endothelial cell proliferation and neointimal hyperplasia is investigated in the rabbit carotid artery anastomosis model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-eight New Zealand white rabbits were arranged in four groups of seven animals each. The right carotid arteries of each animal were transsected and re-anastomosed. The left sides remained as control. In Group A, no medication was used. In Group B, subcutaneous Adenosine was applied for 3 days. In Group C, the same dose was applied for 7 days, and in Group D for 21 days. After 28 days, the luminal diameters, luminal areas, intima/media ratios were all measured by using histopathological evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean luminal diameters and areas of the four groups were smaller than the control ones. Massive thickening of smooth muscle cell proliferation and dense intensifying in the connecting tissues were observed most prominently in Group A, in decreasing degrees within other groups. Intima/media ratio was highest in Group A. Scoring the quantity of e-NOS positive staining also revealed a significant difference between the experimental groups and their control associates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The process of endothelial cell proliferation and neointimal hyperplasia can be significantly reduced by the use of adenosine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Izmir University, Medical Park Hospital, Izmir, Turkey albayrakg@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Gokhan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Albayrak
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dokuz Eylul University, School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Erdem
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Silistreli
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embriology, Dokuz Eylul University, School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Bekir
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ergur
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Dokuz Eylul University, School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sule
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kalkan
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dokuz Eylul University, School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ozalp
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Karabay
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dokuz Eylul University, School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: A Cenk
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Erdal
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Private Ege Hospital, Denizli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Unal
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Acikel
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000379:methods; D000818:Animals; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D006965:Hyperplasia; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000187:drug effects*; D058426:Neointima / Q000601:surgery*; D011817:Rabbits; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D000241:Adenosine
keywords: Adenosine; endothelial cell proliferation; neointimal hyperplasia; vasculary anastomosis