title: Bacteria-material surface interactions: methodological development for the assessment of implant surface induced antibacterial effects.
abstract: The choice of material for implanted prostheses is of great importance concerning bacterial colonization and biofilm formation. Consequently, methods to investigate bacterial behavior are needed in order to develop new infection resistant surfaces. In this study, different methodological setups were used to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of photocatalytic titanium oxide and silver surfaces. Biofilm formation and eradication under static and dynamic culture conditions were studied with the use of the following analytical techniques: viable colony-forming unit (CFU) counting, imprinting, fluorescence, and bioluminescence. The present study demonstrates that different methods are needed in order to evaluate the prophylactic and treatment effects on planktonic and biofilm bacteria and to assess the antimicrobial effect of different surface treatments/coatings. Choosing the right antibacterial testing model for the specific application is also of great importance. Both in situ approaches and indirect methods provide valuable complementary information.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zaborowska
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Welch
authors.forename: Rickard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brånemark
authors.forename: Poroshat
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Khalilpour
authors.forename: Håkan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Engqvist
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thomsen
authors.forename: Margarita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trobos
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development*; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry*; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000502:physiology*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry*; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; C009495:titanium dioxide; D012834:Silver; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Staphylococcus sps; TiO2; antimicrobial; biofilm; biomaterials; photocatalysis; silver