title: Serum irisin levels, precocious myocardial infarction, and healthy exceptional longevity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Skeletal muscles produce irisin. Growing controversy exists on the association between this myokine and chronic disease risk. On the basis of the potential protective effects that irisin could exert on both vascular function and skeletal muscle mass, we hypothesized that an elevated level of this molecule may contribute to successful aging.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum irisin levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in disease-free centenarians, young healthy controls, and patients with precocious acute myocardial infarction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found the highest levels of serum irisin in disease-free centenarians (35.3 ± 5.5 ng/mL) compared with young healthy controls (20.7 ± 6.3 ng/mL) and especially with young patients with acute myocardial infarction (15.1 ± 5.4 ng/mL).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study demonstrates that healthy centenarians are characterized by increased serum irisin levels, whereas levels of this molecule were found to be significantly lower in young patients with myocardial infarction. Our findings may prompt further research into the role played by irisin not only in vascular disorders but also in life span modulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. Electronic address: enzo.emanuele@livingresearch.eu.
authors.forename: Enzo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Emanuele
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Piercarlo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Minoretti
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Valencia and Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Helios
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pareja-Galeano
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Valencia and Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Fabian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sanchis-Gomar
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y del Deporte, Universidad de Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre ('i+12'), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Nuria
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Garatachea
authors.affiliation: School of Doctorate Studies and Research, Universidad Europea Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lucia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000097:blood*; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008136:Longevity / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C577593:FNDC5 protein, human; D005353:Fibronectins
keywords: Centenarians; Longevity; Myocardial infarction; Myokines