title: The effect of hesperetin on ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat ovary.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hesperidin (HES), a citrus fruit extract, has beneficial effects on various ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) models. We aimed to evaluate the possible positive effects of hesperetin (HPT), an active metabolite of HES, on a rat ovarian I/R model.
  
  
  METHODS
  We divided 24 Wistar Albino rats into four groups. Group I (n = 6) was sham operated, Group II (n = 6) was the I/R group, Group III (n = 6) was the I/R + solvent group and Group IV (n = 6) was the I/R + HPT group. Three hours of ischemia and 3 h of reperfusion were performed on each rat in Groups II, III, and IV. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was given intraperitoneally to the rats in the III. Group, and 50 mg/kg of HPT dissolved in DMSO was given intraperitoneally to the rats in the IV. Group 30 min before reperfusion. After 3 h of reperfusion, the ipsilateral ovaries of the rats were examined immunohistochemically to detect apoptosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) staining demonstrated less edema and hemorrhage in the group where HPT was applied. Caspase-3 and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining showed significantly lower apoptosis in the group where HPT was used when compared to either the I/R or solvent group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that shows the beneficial effects of HPT in an ovarian I/R injury. HPT improved tissue damage and apoptosis caused by I/R injury. To identify the possible positive effects of HPT in ovarian torsion of humans and use in clinical practice, more studies must be performed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey, aysenurcakirgungor@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ayse Nur
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Cakir Gungor
authors.forename: Meryem
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gencer
authors.forename: Turan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Karaca
authors.forename: Servet
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hacivelioglu
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Uysal
authors.forename: Fatma
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Korkmaz
authors.forename: Selim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Demirtas
authors.forename: Emine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cosar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide; D004487:Edema / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000473:pathology; D006569:Hesperidin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D010053:Ovary / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology*; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015424:Reperfusion; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000628:therapy*; D012997:Solvents; D054159:Torsion, Mechanical
chemical_list: D012997:Solvents; D006569:Hesperidin; D053148:Caspase 3; C013015:hesperetin; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide