title: Primary neuroendocrine tumor of the testis: a study of clinicopathological features.
abstract: This study aimed to explore the clinicopathological characteristics and differential diagnosis of primary neuroendocrine tumor (G1) of the testis. In this paper, we analyze the clinical, histomorphological and immunohistochemical findings, treatment and prognosis of a patient with primary neuroendocrine tumor of the testis, and discuss the relevant literature. A 52-year-old man presented with a painless testicular swelling since 6 months. Histopathological examination showed that the tumor cells were arranged in island and beam patterns. The tumor cells were uniform, polygonal and had moderately eosinophilic cytoplasm and fine granular nuclear chromatin. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin, CD56, synaptophysin and chromogranin A, and negative for inhibin, placental alkaline phosphatase and alpha-fetoprotein. Primary neuroendocrine tumor of the testis is a rare tumor with characteristic imaging features. Its accurate diagnosis depends on the morphological and immunohistochemical findings. These tumors should be differentiated from metastatic neuroendocrine carcinomas, teratomas with carcinoid, seminomas, Sertoli cell tumors and granulosa cell tumors. The treatment of most primary neuroendocrine tumors involves surgical resection combined with other therapies and usually results in a good prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, 456th Hospital of Jinan Military Command Jinan 250031, China.
authors.forename: Xu'e
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sanatorium of Jinan Military Command Qingdao 266071, China.
authors.forename: Lihua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Armed Police Corps Hospital of Shanxi Province Taiyuan 030006, China.
authors.forename: Shuyun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The General Hospital, Jinan Military Command Jinan 250031, China.
authors.forename: Jinfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004358:Drug Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D009919:Orchiectomy; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Testis; differential diagnosis; immunohistochemistry; neuroendocrine tumor