title: Evaluation of metabolic and immunological changes in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic rats.
abstract: Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease with growing public health concern globally. Finding remedies to assist this health issue requires recruiting appropriate animal model for experimental studies. This study was designated to evaluate metabolic and immunologic changes in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic rats as a model of type 2 diabetes. Male rats were induced diabetes using nicotinamide (110 mg/kg) and streptozotocin (65 mg/kg). Following 42 days, biochemical and immunological tests showed that diabetic rats had higher levels of blood glucose, WBC, certain abnormalities in lipid profile and insufficient mitogenic responses of lymphocytes (p<0.05). However, the status of the total antioxidant, inflammatory biomarkers and other parameters of full blood count (except HCT) were not significantly altered. Phenotyping assay indicated insignificant lymphocyte subtype imbalances excluding a significant rise in the level of CD4+CD25+ marker (p<0.05). This model of diabetic animals may represent some but not all symptoms of human type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mansooreh Sadat
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Mojani
authors.affiliation: Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Vahid Hosseinpour
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Sarmadi
authors.affiliation: Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Shalini
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vellasamy
authors.affiliation: Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Pratheep
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sandrasaigaran
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia. Electronic address: asmah@medic.upm.edu.my.
authors.forename: Asmah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rahmat
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Loh Su
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Rajesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ramasamy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000097:blood; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000097:blood; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008297:Male; D009536:Niacinamide; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013311:Streptozocin; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D008055:Lipids; D009536:Niacinamide; D013311:Streptozocin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: Immune system; Lymphocyte; Nicotinamide; Streptozotocin; Type 2 diabetes