title: Incidence, national trend, and outcome of nontraumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage in Taiwan: initial lower mortality, poor long-term outcome.
abstract: To investigate the longitudinal trend of nontraumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), we analyzed the annual population-based incidence and mortality rate of nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage in Taiwan. Logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of mortality. The average incidence rate (IR) of nontraumatic SAH was 6.25 ± 0.88 per 100,000 per year. The prevalence of female patients was higher than in the male population (54.5% versus 45.5%). The average age of these patients was 55.78 ± 17.09 and females were older than males (58.50 ± 15.9 versus 52.45 ± 18.50, P < 0.001). Of these patients, 97.6% (611/626) were treated with surgical intervention with clipping procedure and 2.9% (18/626) with coiling. Total mortality of these patients was 13.4% (84/626). In adjusted analysis, age (odds ratio [OR], 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.98-0.98; P < 0.001) and Charlson comorbidity index (OR, 0.709; 95% CI, 0.57-0.88; P = 0.002) remained independent predictors of the mortality. Patients with nontraumatic SAH had a much higher prevalence in older age groups and in females than in the general population. Patients with old age and more comorbidity have higher mortality. Aggressive management of patients might reduce the initial mortality; however, patient outcome still remains poor.
authors.affiliation: Division of Trauma, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan ; Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan ; Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsing-Lin
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Division of Trauma, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan ; Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kwan-Ming
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Soo
authors.affiliation: Division of Trauma, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan ; Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chao-Wen
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Division of Trauma, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan ; Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yen-Ko
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Division of Trauma, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan ; Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tsung-Ying
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Division of Trauma, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan ; Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Liang-Chi
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: Division of Trauma, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan ; Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan ; Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan ; Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wei-Che
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan ; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shiuh-Lin
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016208:Databases, Factual; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000401:mortality*; D015996:Survival Rate; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors