title: Irrelevant speech does not interfere with serial recall in early blind listeners.
abstract: Phonological working memory is known be (a) inversely related to the duration of the items to be learned (word-length effect), and (b) impaired by the presence of irrelevant speech-like sounds (irrelevant-speech effect). As it is discussed controversially whether these memory disruptions are subject to attentional control, both effects were studied in sighted participants and in a sample of early blind individuals who are expected to be superior in selectively attending to auditory stimuli. Results show that, while performance depended on word length in both groups, irrelevant speech interfered with recall only in the sighted group, but not in blind participants. This suggests that blind listeners may be able to effectively prevent irrelevant sound from being encoded in the phonological store, presumably due to superior auditory processing. The occurrence of a word-length effect, however, implies that blind and sighted listeners are utilizing the same phonological rehearsal mechanism in order to maintain information in the phonological store.
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Psychology , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Germany.
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kattner
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ellermeier
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D001307:Auditory Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D001766:Blindness / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012691:Serial Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D014706:Verbal Learning / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Blind; Irrelevant speech; Irrelevant-sound effect; Sighted; Working memory