title: Production and identification of mannosylerythritol lipid-A homologs from the ustilaginomycetous yeast Pseudozyma aphidis ZJUDM34.
abstract: Mannosylerythritol lipids (MELs) are mainly produced by strains of the genus Pseudozyma and by Ustilago maydis. These glycolipid biosurfactants exhibit not only excellent surface-active properties but also versatile bioactivities. Mannosylerythritol lipid-A (MEL-A) is worth investigating due to its self-assembling property. In this work, crude MELs were produced by resting Pseudozyma aphidis ZJUDM34 cells using different culture media. MEL-A fractions were isolated and identified using high-performance liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) and gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that MEL-A homologs had long unsaturated fatty acid chains, and the chain lengths range from C8 to C20. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was employed to confirm the chemical structures of the MEL-A homologs. Fermentation medium without NaNO3 and medium with manganese ions enhanced MEL-A production by Pseudozyma aphidis ZJUDM34.
authors.affiliation: School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Rd. 866, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
authors.forename: Lin-Lin
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Rd. 866, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
authors.forename: Ya-Chen
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Rd. 866, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
authors.forename: Yi-Fei
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Rd. 866, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Rd. 866, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China. Electronic address: chenqh@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Qi-He
authors.initials: QH
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007101:Immersion; D014587:Ustilaginales / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D006017:Glycolipids; C439671:mannosylerythritol lipid
keywords: Bioemulsifier; Biosurfactant; Glycolipid; Homologs; Mannosylerythritol lipid-A; Pseudozyma aphidis