title: How to offer culturally relevant type 2 diabetes screening: lessons learned from the South asian diabetes prevention program.
abstract: The literature on diabetes mellitus in the South Asian population clearly states the high-risk status of this group, yet there is a lack of effective models of culturally relevant, community-based screening and education programs for such a group. The South Asian Diabetes Prevention Program (SADPP) was developed to enhance equitable access to diabetes prevention resources for the South Asian communities in Toronto by offering language-specific and culturally relevant services. The SADPP model works through 3 participant education sessions plus an additional attachment and enrolment component. The screening tool that SADPP uses to provide participants with their individual risk score at the first education session is derived from the multiculturally validated Canadian Diabetes Risk Assessment Questionnaire (CANRISK), which has been modified to reflect the distinctive characteristics of the South Asian population. After analyzing the risk scores, 32% of participants were at increased risk, 40% were at high risk, 21% were at very high risk and only 7% were found to be at low risk of diabetes development. Evaluations of the program conducted in 2010 and 2013 revealed that the program is achieving its objectives and that participants increase their knowledge and self-efficacy related to diabetes prevention after program participation. Participants reported that the presentation from the nurse and dietitian, the question-and-answer time, the healthy eating demonstration, the multiple languages of delivery and the convenient location were especially beneficial. Those working in the field are encouraged to adapt this model and to contribute to the development of culturally relevant, community-driven diabetes prevention programs.
authors.affiliation: Blink Evaluations, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: jennavandraanen@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jenna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van Draanen
authors.affiliation: Flemingdon Health Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Ammara
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shafique
authors.affiliation: Flemingdon Health Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Aziz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Farissi
authors.affiliation: Flemingdon Health Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Dilani
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wickramanayake
authors.affiliation: Flemingdon Health Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Sheela
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuttaiya
authors.affiliation: Flemingdon Health Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Shobha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oza
authors.affiliation: Flemingdon Health Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Stephens
mesh_terms: D044466:Asian People; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D003153:Community Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration; D054521:Cultural Competency / Q000458:organization & administration*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000517:prevention & control; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006266:Health Education / Q000458:organization & administration*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D033183:Interdisciplinary Communication; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000458:organization & administration; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: South Asian; Sud-Asiatique; communautaire; community based; culturally relevant; diabetes mellitus; diabète de type 2; diabète sucré; détection précoce; early detection; language specific; prevention; programme de dépistage; prévention; screening program; tenir compte de la culture; tenir compte de la langue; type 2 diabetes