title: Ethanol production from industrial hemp: effect of combined dilute acid/steam pretreatment and economic aspects.
abstract: In the present study, combined steam (140-180°C) and dilute-acid pre-hydrolysis (0.0-2.0%) were applied to industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.), as pretreatment for lignocellulosic bioethanol production. The influence of the pretreatment conditions and cultivation type on the hydrolysis and ethanol yields was also evaluated. Pretreatment with 1% sulfuric acid at 180°C resulted in the highest glucose yield (73-74%) and ethanol yield of 75-79% (0.38-0.40 g-ethanol/g-glucose). Taking into account the costs of biomass processing, from field to ethanol facility storage, the field-dried hemp pretreated at the optimal conditions showed positive economic results. The type of hemp cultivation (organic or conventional) did not influence significantly the effectiveness of the pretreatment as well as subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis and ethanol fermentation.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Materials and Environmental Sciences, University of Bielsko-Biala, Willowa 2, 43-309 Bielsko-Biala, Poland.
authors.forename: Mariusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuglarz
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building 113, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Ingólfur B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Gunnarsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 103, SE-230 53 Alnarp, Sweden.
authors.forename: Sven-Erik
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Svensson
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 103, SE-230 53 Alnarp, Sweden.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Prade
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 101, SE-230 53 Alnarp, Sweden.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building 113, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. Electronic address: iria@env.dtu.dk.
authors.forename: Irini
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Angelidaki
mesh_terms: D000143:Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D018533:Biomass; D002188:Cannabis / Q000378:metabolism*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism*; D005285:Fermentation; D006868:Hydrolysis; D013227:Steam
chemical_list: D000143:Acids; D013227:Steam; D000431:Ethanol
keywords: Bioethanol; Economic analysis; Industrial hemp; Steam pretreatment