title: Diagnostic ultrasound imaging of mouse diaphragm function.
abstract: Function analysis of rodent respiratory skeletal muscles, particularly the diaphragm, is commonly performed by isolating muscle strips using invasive surgical procedures. Although this is an effective method of assessing in vitro diaphragm activity, it involves non-survival surgery. The application of non-invasive ultrasound imaging as an in vivo procedure is beneficial since it not only reduces the number of animals sacrificed, but is also suitable for monitoring disease progression in live mice. Thus, our ultrasound imaging method may likely assist in the development of novel therapies that alleviate muscle injury induced by various respiratory diseases. Particularly, in clinical diagnoses of obstructive lung diseases, ultrasound imaging has the potential to be used in conjunction with other standard tests to detect the early onset of diaphragm muscle fatigue. In the current protocol, we describe how to accurately evaluate diaphragm contractility in a mouse model using a diagnostic ultrasound imaging technique.
authors.affiliation: Radiologic Sciences & Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine; Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University; zuo.4@osu.edu.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.affiliation: Radiologic Sciences & Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine; Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University.
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.affiliation: Radiologic Sciences & Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine.
authors.forename: Kevin D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Evans
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003964:Diaphragm / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D051379:Mice; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014463:Ultrasonography