title: The effect of five probiotic lactobacilli strains on the growth and biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effects of five probiotic lactobacilli strains on the growth and biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans (MS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Five probiotic lactobacilli bacteria (LB), Lactobacillus casei Shirota, Lactobacillus casei LC01, Lactobacillus plantarum ST-III, Lactobacillus paracasei Lpc-37, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001, were used as test strains effecting on the Streptococci strain S. mutans UA159 in this study. The effect of LB strains and their supernatants on the viability of the MS was evaluated. Then, the effect of LB strains on the growth of MS biofilm formation was observed by fluorescence microscope.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All of the LB strains inhibited the growth of MS at concentrations of 1 × 10(8) and 3 × 10(8) CFU ml(-1) (P < 0.05). Untreated (without pH adjustment and ultrafiltration) LB supernatants from all of the LB strains inhibited the growth of MS (P < 0.05) as well. After pH adjustment and ultrafiltration (treated), only supernatants from L. casei Shirota and L. rhamnosus HN001 inhibited the growth of MS (P < 0.05). MS biofilm formation was also inhibited by all untreated supernatants and by the treated supernatants of L. casei Shirota and L. rhamnosus HN001 (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All five probiotic lactobacilli strains inhibited the growth and biofilm formation of MS, likely through the production of an acid environment, bacteriocin-like poly peptides, or both, and the effects on MS were dependent on the LB strains used.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000378:metabolism*; D007780:Lacticaseibacillus casei / Q000378:metabolism; D048191:Lactiplantibacillus plantarum / Q000378:metabolism; D052201:Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus / Q000378:metabolism; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D019936:Probiotics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: biofilm; caries prevention; mutans streptococci; probiotic Lactobacillus