title: Orbital fracture and eyeball rupture caused by golf-club injury.
abstract: We report a case of an orbital fracture and an eyeball rupture caused by a golf-club injury. A 75-year-old man was struck in his right eye by a golf club while watching behind his son swinging a hybrid-type golf club at his home. A 70-mm muscle-depth laceration was present in the infraorbital area with active bleeding. Computed tomographic imaging of the face revealed a rupture of the right eyeball; fractures in the superior, medial, lateral, and inferior wall of the right orbit; a fracture in the right zygomaticofrontal junction; and a small amount of pneumocephalus in the parafalx region. Under general anesthesia, evisceration of the right eyeball was performed. Not only golfers but also people just watching or passing by can be injured by an errantly struck golf ball or swung golf club. Elderly people as well as children should be instructed in technique and safety and also be supervised when playing golf. Also, the public should be educated about the risk of eye injuries and the benefits of wearing a protective eyewear.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Joo Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005131:Eye Injuries / Q000209:etiology*; D006055:Golf / Q000293:injuries*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009917:Orbital Fractures / Q000209:etiology*; D011007:Pneumocephalus / Q000209:etiology; D012421:Rupture / Q000209:etiology; D014949:Wounds, Nonpenetrating / Q000150:complications*