title: Laparoscopic versus endoscopic management of choledocholithiasis in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a meta-analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the clinical effectiveness of the treatment of choledocholithiasis by laparoscopic common bile duct (CBD) exploration and by endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST).
  
  
  METHODS
  A meta-analysis of studies about CBD stones was performed to analyze EST in comparison with laparoscopic CBD exploration procedures. Trials were identified by searching the Medline, EMBASE, PubMed, CBM, and CNKI databases from January 1990 to December 2012 for laparoscopic CBD exploration or EST for CBD stones.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifteen studies were identified in the meta-analysis. The incidence of bleeding or pancreatitis in the EST group was higher than that in the laparoscopic group. However, the incidence of bile leakage in the EST group was lower than that in the laparoscopic group. The differences in cases of retained stones or total complications were not statistically significant between the laparoscopic and EST groups (P>.05). There were more successful cases in the laparoscopic group than in the EST group (P<.05). Hospital cost was less in the laparoscopic group than in the EST group (P<.05). Mean operation time and hospital stay in the laparoscopic group were shorter than those in the EST group (P<.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To some degree, laparoscopic treatment of the CBD may be a better way of removing stones than EST.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Surgery, Tianjin Third Central Hospital , Tianjin, China .
authors.forename: Jun-guo
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yi-jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Gui-ming
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Shu
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.forename: Jinjuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Du
mesh_terms: D057868:Anastomotic Leak / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D042882:Gallstones / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000191:economics; D061646:Operative Time; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D016717:Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*