title: Testing negative means I'm lucky, making good choices, or immune: diverse reactions to HIV test results are associated with risk behaviors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  HIV testing may lead to behavioral changes among some individuals, but no scale has been developed to assess potential mechanisms.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of a scale to measure psychological reactions to the receipt of a negative HIV test and explore the scale's associations with unprotected anal intercourse (UAI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Two focus groups were conducted to develop the Inventory of Reactions to Testing HIV Negative, which was subsequently tested on 725 men who have sex with men in the New York City area.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Factor analyses confirmed the presence of three subscales-Reinforced Safety, Invulnerability, and Luck. Regression analyses demonstrated that the subscales interacted with HIV testing behavior to influence UAI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings support the notion that there is heterogeneity in how individuals respond to a negative HIV test, with some individuals subsequently being influenced towards increased engagement in HIV risk behaviors.
authors.affiliation: Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA, brian@northwestern.edu.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mustanski
authors.forename: H Jonathon
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Rendina
authors.forename: George J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Greene
authors.forename: Patrick S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: Jeffrey T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Parsons
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001727:Bisexuality / Q000523:psychology*; D018023:HIV Seronegativity; D018451:Homosexuality, Male / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009519:New York City; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000295:instrumentation; D012309:Risk-Taking; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D047568:Unsafe Sex / Q000523:psychology*