title: Identification of nutrient deficiency in maize and tomato plants by in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements.
abstract: The impact of some macro (Ca, S, Mg, K, N, P) and micro (Fe) nutrients deficiency on the functioning of the photosynthetic machinery in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) plants grown in hydroponic cultures were investigated. Plants grown on a complete nutrient solution (control) were compared with those grown in a medium, which lacked one of macro- or microelements. The physiological state of the photosynthetic machinery in vivo was analysed after 14-days of deficient condition by the parameters of JIP-test based on fast chlorophyll a fluorescence records. In most of the nutrient-deficient samples, the decrease of photochemical efficiency, increase in non-photochemical dissipation and decrease of the number of active photosystem II (PSII) reaction centres were observed. However, lack of individual nutrients also had nutrient-specific effects on the photochemical processes. In Mg and Ca-deficient plants, the most severe decrease in electron donation by oxygen evolving complex (OEC) was indicated. Sulphur deficiency caused limitation of electron transport beyond PSI, probably due to decrease in the PSI content or activity of PSI electron acceptors; in contrary, Ca deficiency had an opposite effect, where the PSII activity was affected much more than PSI. Despite the fact that clear differences in nutrient deficiency responses between tomato and maize plants were observed, our results indicate that some of presented fluorescence parameters could be used as fluorescence phenotype markers. The principal component analysis of selected JIP-test parameters was presented as a possible species-specific approach to identify/predict the nutrient deficiency using the fast chlorophyll fluorescence records.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Physiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Hazem M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kalaji
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Québec in Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, H3C 3P8 Canada.
authors.forename: Abdallah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oukarroum
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics and Radiobiology, University of Sofia, 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria.
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Alexandrov
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics and Radiobiology, University of Sofia, 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria.
authors.forename: Margarita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kouzmanova
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak Agricultural University, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Marian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brestic
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak Agricultural University, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zivcak
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Physiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Izabela A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Samborska
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Physiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Magdalena D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Cetner
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow 127276, Russia; Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia. Electronic address: suleyman.allakhverdiev@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Suleyman I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Allakhverdiev
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics and Radiobiology, University of Sofia, 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria. Electronic address: goltsev@biofac.uni-sofia.bg.
authors.forename: Vasilij
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Goltsev
mesh_terms: D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000378:metabolism*; D000077194:Chlorophyll A; D004579:Electron Transport; D005453:Fluorescence; D005502:Food; D008027:Light; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*; D010777:Photochemistry; D010788:Photosynthesis; D045331:Photosystem I Protein Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex / Q000378:metabolism*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D013045:Species Specificity; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D003313:Zea mays / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D045331:Photosystem I Protein Complex; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex; D002734:Chlorophyll; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen; D000077194:Chlorophyll A
keywords: Chlorophyll a fluorescence; JIP-test; Maize; Nutrient deficiency; Principal component analysis; Tomato