title: Low incidence of children with acute epiglottis after introduction of vaccination.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this retrospective case series is to describe the epidemiology, symptoms and findings of acute epiglottitis in hospitalized patients after the introduction of the Haemophilus influenzae type B (HIB) vaccine and to identify any symptoms or findings predictive of a prolonged hospital stay.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records on all patients discharged with the International Classification of Diseases 10 diagnostic code DJ051, acute epiglottitis, from January 1997 to December 2012 were reviewed. A total of 41 patients were identified.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all, 37 patients were included, only one of whom was a child. The dominating symptom was a sore throat (97.2%). A hoarse voice was found in 20 patients (58.8%), and 14 patients (40.0%) were drooling. Thirteen patients (36.1%) had trouble breathing. Nine patients (24.3%) were diagnosed with abscess. Two adults tested positive for HIB. The average length of hospitalization was 6.1 days. The average stay in the intensive care unit was 1.2 days for patients who were not intubated and 4.0 days for patients who were intubated or tracheotomised. Six patients (16.2%) were intubated. One patient (2.7%) was directly tracheotomised.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study shows that the incidence of adult acute epiglottis seems to remain unchanged compared with a previous investigation from the same geographical region. The disease is potentially life-threatening, and intubation or tracheostomy was required in 18.9% patients in this study. Respiratory distress had the largest impact on the length of hospitalization.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  not relevant.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  not relevant.
authors.affiliation: Anæstesiologisk Afdeling, Sydvestjysk Sygehus Esbjerg, Finsensgade 35, 6700 Esbjerg, Denmark. nagstrup@dadlnet.dk.
authors.forename: Mette Nagstrup
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Hermansen
authors.forename: Jesper Hvass
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Andrea H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Krug
authors.forename: Knud
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.forename: Søren
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kristensen
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016667:Bacterial Capsules; D002648:Child; D004826:Epiglottitis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014140:Tracheotomy; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines; C044237:Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide vaccine