title: Effects of natural cartilaginous extracellular matrix on chondrogenic potential for cartilage cell transplantation.
abstract: Autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT) has been established to contribute cartilage regeneration over the past years; however, many obstacles need to be overcome. Recently, newer ACT technique involves cotransplantation of chondrocytes and biomaterial. Although various proposed intelligent biomaterials exist, many of them remain insufficient and controversial. In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of natural extracellular matrix (ECM) to the proliferation rate and differentiation on the chondrocytes. We first derived a natural ECM sheet from 10-μm-thick frozen sections of porcine knee cartilages. We then cultured the chondrocytes derived from a rabbit's knee on a dish precoated with the natural ECM. Then we assessed differentiation and chondrogenic potential of the cells compared with those grown in untreated culture dishes. We characterized the gene expression of chondrogenic markers, such as collagen type II, SOX-9, and aggrecan, as well as the level of ECM protein with the use of reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis. The cells cultured with the ECM sheet showed highest chondrogenic potential and differentiation. Therefore, we can induce good chondrogenesis by with the use of a natural ECM sheet on the culture dish. The readily available and easy-to-handle thin ECM sheets create an environment that promotes efficient cartilage regeneration. Our data suggest that this natural ECM scaffold improved the chondrogenic differentiation of the cells in vitro by providing a favorable microenvironment.
authors.affiliation: Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Jo
authors.affiliation: Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Nemeno
authors.affiliation: Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.affiliation: Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: B Y
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: I J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: H N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Regenerative Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takebe
authors.affiliation: Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jeongik@konkuk.ac.kr.
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002356:Cartilage / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000637:transplantation; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D060833:Cellular Microenvironment; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000637:transplantation; D020219:Chondrogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005819:Genetic Markers; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits; D012038:Regeneration; D013552:Swine; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers