title: Which behavior change techniques are associated with changes in physical activity, diet and body mass index in people with recently diagnosed diabetes?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Meta-analyses have identified promising behavior change techniques (BCTs) in changing obesity-related behaviors from intervention descriptions. However, it is unclear whether these BCTs are used by intervention participants and are related to outcomes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study is to investigate BCT use by participants of an intervention targeting physical activity and diet and whether BCT use was related to behavior change and weight loss.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intervention participants (N = 239; 40-69 years) with recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes in the ADDITION-Plus trial received a theory-based intervention which taught them a range of BCTs. BCT usage was reported at 1 year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-six percent of the participants reported using all 16 intervention BCTs. Use of a higher number of BCTs and specific BCTs (e.g., goal setting) were associated with a reduction in body mass index (BMI).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BCT use was associated with weight loss. Future research should identify strategies to promote BCT use in daily life. (
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ISRCTN99175498.).
authors.affiliation: Behavioural Science Group, Primary Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK, nelli.hankonen@helsinki.fi.
authors.forename: Nelli
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hankonen
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sutton
authors.forename: A Toby
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Prevost
authors.forename: Rebecca K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Simmons
authors.forename: Simon J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Griffin
authors.forename: Ann Louise
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Kinmonth
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hardeman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016896:Treatment Outcome