title: Non-diabetic renal disease in Croatian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our study aimed to examine the prevalence of non-diabetic renal disease in selected patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to determine important risk factors for non-diabetic renal disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted retrospective analysis of clinical, laboratory and pathohistological data of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in whom renal biopsies were performed from January 2004 to February 2013 at Dubrava University Hospital Zagreb Croatia (n=80).
  
  
  RESULTS
  According to renal biopsy findings, isolated diabetic nephropathy was found in 46.25%, non-diabetic renal disease superimposed on diabetic nephropathy in 17.5% and isolated non-diabetic renal disease in 36.25% of the patients. The most common non-diabetic renal diseases found were: membranous nephropathy, followed by IgA nephropathy and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. In univariate analysis shorter duration of diabetes, independence of insulin therapy, lower levels of HbA1c and absence of diabetic retinopathy were found to be significant clinical predictors of non-diabetic renal disease. In multivariate analysis only independence of insulin therapy (OR 4.418, 95%CI=1.477-13.216) and absence of diabetic retinopathy (OR 5.579, 95%CI=1.788-17.404) were independent predictors of non-diabetic renal disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study confirmed usefulness of renal biopsy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, due to the high prevalence of non-diabetic renal disease found. Since non-diabetic renal disease are potentially curable, we should consider renal biopsy in selected type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with renal involvement, especially in those with absence of diabetic retinopathy and independence of insulin therapy.
authors.affiliation: Dubrava University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia. Electronic address: ivica.horvatic@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ivica
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Horvatic
authors.affiliation: Dubrava University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: Miroslav
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tisljar
authors.affiliation: Dubrava University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kacinari
authors.affiliation: Dubrava University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Matesic
authors.affiliation: Dubrava University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: Stela
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bulimbasic
authors.affiliation: University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia; University of Zagreb Medical School, Croatia.
authors.forename: Danica
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Galesic Ljubanovic
authors.affiliation: Dubrava University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: Tina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katic
authors.affiliation: Dubrava University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: Darko
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kristovic
authors.affiliation: Dubrava University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia; University of Zagreb Medical School, Croatia.
authors.forename: Kresimir
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Galesic
mesh_terms: D017523:Croatia / Q000453:epidemiology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005922:Glomerulonephritis, IGA / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015433:Glomerulonephritis, Membranous / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005923:Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: Diabetic nephropathy; Diabetic retinopathy; Non-diabetic renal disease; Renal biopsy; Type 2 diabetes mellitus