title: Improved long-term memory via enhancing cGMP-PKG signaling requires cAMP-PKA signaling.
abstract: Memory consolidation is defined by the stabilization of a memory trace after acquisition, and consists of numerous molecular cascades that mediate synaptic plasticity. Commonly, a distinction is made between an early and a late consolidation phase, in which early refers to the first hours in which labile synaptic changes occur, whereas late consolidation relates to stable and long-lasting synaptic changes induced by de novo protein synthesis. How these phases are linked at a molecular level is not yet clear. Here we studied the interaction of the cyclic nucleotide-mediated pathways during the different phases of memory consolidation in rodents. In addition, the same pathways were studied in a model of neuronal plasticity, long-term potentiation (LTP). We demonstrated that cGMP/protein kinase G (PKG) signaling mediates early memory consolidation as well as early-phase LTP, whereas cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling mediates late consolidation and late-phase-like LTP. In addition, we show for the first time that early-phase cGMP/PKG signaling requires late-phase cAMP/PKA-signaling in both LTP and long-term memory formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bollen
authors.affiliation: Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Puzzo
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Kris
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rutten
authors.affiliation: Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Privitera
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: De Vry
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vanmierlo
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Gunter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kenis
authors.affiliation: Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Agostino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Palmeri
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Rudi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: D'Hooge
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Detlef
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Balschun
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Harry M W
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Steinbusch
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Arjan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blokland
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jos
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Prickaerts
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D056547:CA1 Region, Hippocampal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D017869:Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D054678:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4 / Q000378:metabolism; D054706:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5 / Q000378:metabolism; D017774:Long-Term Potentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D057567:Memory, Long-Term / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques
chemical_list: D000242:Cyclic AMP; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D017869:Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D054678:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 2; D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; D054706:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5; D006152:Cyclic GMP