title: Chronic repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation enhances GABAergic and cholinergic metabolism in chronic unpredictable mild stress rat model: ¹H-NMR spectroscopy study at 11.7T.
abstract: Gamma-animobutyric acid (GABA) systems are emerging as targets for development of medications for mood disorders. Deficits in GABA-containing neurons are consistently reported in psychiatric disease, particularly in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) that use magnetic field to stimulate focal cortical regions with electrical current have a potential therapeutic effects with non-invasive and painless method. In this study, we used chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rat model of depression to investigate the behavioral and neurochemical alterations. Furthermore, chronic rTMS treatment effect on neurochemical profile in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of rats were assessed. The CUMS induced significant reductions in absolute sucrose intake and sucrose preference. In addition, high-resolution (1)H-NMR spectra from brain extracts revealed significantly reduced prefrontal and hippocampal GABA levels in CUMS rats compared to control. The behavioral and neurochemical changes were reversed by chronic rTMS treatment. Furthermore, chronic rTMS treatments results in differential effects on different brain regions. Our results suggest specific and regionally different metabolic response to chronic rTMS treatment in animal model of depression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering & Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering & Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Do-Wan
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Seoul Center of Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyunju
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: -Kim
authors.affiliation: Seoul Center of Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eunjung
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering & Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: bychoe@catholic.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Bo-Young
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Choe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002794:Choline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003863:Depression / Q000378:metabolism / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D005518:Food Preferences; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000378:metabolism; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000378:metabolism / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D013395:Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D050781:Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D013395:Sucrose; D002794:Choline
keywords: (1)H-NMR; Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS); GABA; Hippocampus; Prefrontal cortex; Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)