title: Effects of limonene stress on the growth of and microcystin release by the freshwater cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa FACHB-905.
abstract: The effects of limonene exposure on the growth of Microcystisaeruginosa and the release of toxic intracellular microcystin (MCY) were tested by evaluating the results obtained from the batch culture experiments with M. aeruginosa FACHB-905. The time series of cell as well as intracellular and extracellular MCY concentrations were evaluated during 5d of the incubation. After exposure to limonene, the number of cells gradually diminished; the net log cell reduction after 5d of the exposure was 3.0, 3.6, and 3.8log when the initial cell densities were set at 1.6×10(7), 1.1×10(6) and 4.1×10(5)cell/mL, respectively. Limonene was found to significantly influence the production and release of MCY. As the limonene exposure could inhibit the increase in the number of cells, the increase in the total MCY concentration in the medium was also inhibited. In the presence of limonene, the intracellular MCY was gradually released into the medium through a gradual reduction in the number of cells. The extracellular MCY concentration in the medium was significantly higher in the limonene-exposed samples than in the control samples, which confirmed that limonene cannot decompose the extracellular MCY.
authors.affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China. Electronic address: xixixixi2046@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yunguo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
authors.forename: Guangming
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China.
authors.forename: Xinjiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China.
authors.forename: Yaqin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaoxia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zeng
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D053138:Cyclohexenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000382:microbiology; D000077222:Limonene; D052998:Microcystins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D046931:Microcystis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013729:Terpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D053138:Cyclohexenes; D052998:Microcystins; D013729:Terpenes; C078588:microcystin; D000077222:Limonene
keywords: Limonene; Microcystin; Microcystis aeruginosa