title: Developmental changes in the visual-proprioceptive integration threshold of children.
abstract: The ability to detect artificially induced visual-proprioceptive asynchrony reflects an awareness of the first-person experience of self-generated movement. The current study assessed children's (5- to 8-year-olds) and adults' ability to integrate asynchronous visual and proprioceptive stimulation by delaying the visual feedback of self-generated action in videos. Children and adults observed a monitor showing their movements of a joystick at varying delay durations and were then asked to make judgments on whether their movements appeared to be delayed or live. Children demonstrated age-related differences in their reporting of delay judgments across all delay conditions. Adults' performances on the same task exceeded those of children. The results of this study provide a mapping of visual-proprioceptive integration abilities in 5 to 8 year old children. The age-related increase in sensitivity to visual-proprioceptive asynchrony is suggestive of increasing sensitivity to the temporal properties of multisensory feedback of self-generated movement with development.
authors.affiliation: Division of Science, Indiana University-Purdue University, Columbus, IN 47203, USA. Electronic address: mjaime@iupuc.edu.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jaime
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Longard
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moore
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001364:Awareness / Q000502:physiology; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development / Q000502:physiology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007600:Judgment / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D011434:Proprioception / Q000502:physiology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: First-person information; Implicit self-awareness; Intermodal asynchrony detection; Multisensory integration; Visual proprioception; Visual–proprioceptive integration