title: Left ventricular mechanics in adolescents and young adults with a history of kawasaki disease: analysis by three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Myocardial fibrosis and perfusion abnormalities can occur in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD). We explored using the new three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (3DSTE) the left ventricular (LV) mechanics in adolescents and young adults with a history of KD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-five KD patients (18 males) aged 17.0 ± 5.2 years, 14 with (group I) and 11 without (group II) coronary aneurysms, were studied. The 3D volume datasets were acquired for quantification of LV global 3D strain, global and regional area strain, systolic dyssynchrony index (SDI), twist, twist gradient (twist/LV length), and ejection fraction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results were compared with those of 14 age-matched controls. Of the 14 group I patients, 6 had left, 2 had right, and 6 had both left and right coronary aneurysms. Compared with controls, group I patients had significantly lower LV systolic global 3D strain (43.7 ± 7.3% vs. 50.4 ± 6.6%, P = 0.02), twist (8.7 ± 1.3° vs. 11.4 ± 2.0°, P < 0.001), and twist gradient (1.5 ± 0.3°/cm vs. 1.9 ± 0.4°/cm, P = 0.01), greater SDI (6.8 ± 1.9% vs. 4.7 ± 1.9%, P < 0.001), and similar ejection fractions. Six patients in group I had perfusion defects, who had global 3DSTE parameters similar to those of the 8 patients without perfusion abnormalities (all P > 0.05). For group II patients, only the global area strain was significantly lower than that of controls (37.6 ± 3.5% vs. 40.7 ± 3.6%, P = 0.038).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In adolescents and young adults with a history of KD, impairment of LV mechanics occurs and is worse in patients with than those without coronary complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Sophia J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Yiu-fai
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Cheung
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000379:methods; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003323:Coronary Aneurysm / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D019560:Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D009080:Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D012016:Reference Values; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016276:Ventricular Function / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: 3D speckle tracking; Kawasaki disease; ventricular mechanics