title: Instrumental activities of daily living performance among people with Parkinson's disease without dementia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the performance of cognitively demanding instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) among people with Parkinson's disease (PD) without dementia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-seven participants with PD and 57 participants without PD underwent standardized, performance-based IADL evaluation using the Performance Assessment of Self-care Skills. Activity performance was rated for independence, adequacy, and safety.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PD group had lower independence and adequacy scores than the non-PD group for almost every activity. Medication management, shopping, and sharp utensil use were the activities most sensitive to group differences. In the PD group, older age, lower Mini-Mental State Examination scores, and decreased motor function were associated with poorer IADL performance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  People with relatively early and mild PD demonstrated measurable deficits in the performance of cognitively demanding IADLs. This work highlights the importance of using objective assessments of IADL function to detect early functional changes in people with PD.
authors.affiliation: Erin R. Foster, OTD, MSCI, OTR/L, is Assistant Professor, Program in Occupational Therapy, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8505, 4444 Forest Park Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63108; erfoster@wustl.edu.
authors.forename: Erin R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Foster
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology*; D000368:Aged; D003071:Cognition; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000523:psychology; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D012648:Self Care; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis