title: Sulfated Astragalus polysaccharide regulates the inflammatory reaction in LPS-infected broiler chicks.
abstract: This study compared the anti-inflammatory activities of APS and SAPS in LPS-treated broiler chicks. The sulfated modification of these compounds was performed using the classic chlorosulfonic acid-pyridine method. On d 16, the birds were injected intramuscularly with 0.5mL of either saline, APS (4 or 8mg/kg BW) or SAPS (4 or 8mg/kg BW) once a day for three successive days. On days 19 and 20, the birds were intraperitoneally injected with 0.5mL of LPS (1mg/kg BW). Saline was used as the blank control. The results showed that the LPS-treated birds exhibited higher expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IFN-γ and lower expression of the tight junction proteins ZO-2 and occludin in the jejunum. Administration of SAPS down-regulated the expression of jejunal TNF-α and IL-1β. In addition, the expression of both ZO-2 and occludin was higher in birds that received high doses of APS and SAPS. On the other hand, APS and SAPS had no effect on the condition of the immune system. The expression of TLR4 in the jejunum was lower in the low-dose SAPS group. Our findings suggest that SAPS is a more effective anti-inflammatory agent than APS in vivo.
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; College of Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
authors.forename: Xiaofei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Shizhao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Lihui
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhi
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China. Electronic address: yangxj@nwsuaf.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiaojun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China. Electronic address: yaojunhu2004@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Junhu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D027883:Astragalus Plant / Q000737:chemistry*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002645:Chickens; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000235:genetics; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics; D007583:Jejunum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D062793:Occludin / Q000235:genetics; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013431:Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry*; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000235:genetics; D062827:Zonula Occludens-2 Protein / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D062793:Occludin; D011134:Polysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013431:Sulfates; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D062827:Zonula Occludens-2 Protein; D007371:Interferon-gamma
keywords: Broiler; Lipopolysaccharide; Sulfated Astragalus polysaccharide