title: Evaluation of Genomic Evidence for Oxidative Stress in Experimental Radiation Nephropathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic persistent oxidative stress has been proposed as a mechanism for late radiation injury to normal tissue. Using biochemical, histological, and pharmacological techniques, we have not been able to confirm this hypothesis for late renal radiation injury. Gene expression may be more revealing, especially since the initial effects of radiation are to damage DNA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gene array studies were done using kidney tissue from irradiated rats, with particular attention to genes pertinent to oxidative stress. The time points were from 1 to 49 days after irradiation. Cellular RNA and mitochondrial DNA were isolated, for gene expression analysis and common deletion testing, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the gene expression studies, and from over 30,000 transcripts, only nine related to oxidative stress had 1.4 fold or greater changes in expression. Mitochondrial DNA showed no changes in the common deletion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These studies do not support the hypothesis of chronic oxidative stress as a mechanism for radiation nephropathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
authors.forename: Eric P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lenarczyk
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
authors.forename: Brian L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Fish
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
authors.forename: Martin J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Hessner
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Moulder
keywords: Gene array testing; Mitochondrial DNA; Oxidative stress; Radiation injury