title: Efficient solid acid catalyst containing Lewis and Brønsted Acid sites for the production of furfurals.
abstract: Self-assembled nanoparticulates of porous sulfonated carbonaceous TiO2 material that contain Brønsted and Lewis acidic sites were prepared by a one-pot synthesis method. The material was characterized by XRD, FTIR spectroscopy, NH3 temperature-programmed desorption, pyridine FTIR spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, N2 -sorption, atomic absorbance spectroscopy, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. The carbonaceous heterogeneous catalyst (Glu-TsOH-Ti) with a Brønsted-to-Lewis acid density ratio of 1.2 and more accessible acid sites was effective to produce 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and furfural from biomass-derived mono- and disaccharides and xylose in a biphasic solvent that comprised water and biorenewable methyltetrahydrofuran. The catalyst was recycled in four consecutive cycles with a total loss of only 3 % activity. Thus, Glu-TsOH-Ti, which contains isomerization and dehydration catalytic sites and is based on a cheap and biorenewable carbon support, is a sustainable catalyst for the production of furfurals, platform chemicals for biofuels and chemicals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and the Center for Catalytic Conversion of Biomass to Biofuels (C3Bio), Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 (USA).
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Mazzotta
authors.forename: Dinesh
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Basudeb
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Saha
authors.forename: Astam K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Patra
authors.forename: Asim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhaumik
authors.forename: Mahdi M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Abu-Omar
mesh_terms: D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000737:chemistry; D002384:Catalysis; D005662:Furaldehyde / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology; D058116:Lewis Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D058116:Lewis Acids; D014867:Water; C008046:5-hydroxymethylfurfural; D005662:Furaldehyde; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: acidity; biomass; heterogeneous catalysis; nanoparticles; titanium