title: Human mast cell tryptase in biology and medicine.
abstract: The most abundant prestored enzyme of human mast cell secretory granules is the serine-protease tryptase. In humans, there are four tryptase isoforms, but only two of them, namely the alpha and beta tryptases, are known as medically important. Low levels of continuous tryptase production as an immature monomer makes up the major part of the baseline serum tryptase levels, while transient release of mature tetrameric tryptase upon mast cell degranulation accounts for the anaphylactic rise of serum tryptase levels. Serum tryptase determination contributes to the diagnosis or monitoring of mast cell disorders including mast cell activation - induced anaphylaxis, mastocytosis and a number of myeloproliferative conditions with mast cell lineage involvement. Baseline serum tryptase levels are predictive of the severity risk in some allergic conditions.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Immunologie Hôpital de la Conception, 147 Bd Baille, 13005 Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille University, INSERM UMR 1067/CNRS UMR 7333, Marseille, France. Electronic address: jvitte@ap-hm.fr.
authors.forename: Joana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vitte
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000707:Anaphylaxis / Q000276:immunology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006402:Hematologic Diseases / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology*; D008415:Mastocytosis / Q000276:immunology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009196:Myeloproliferative Disorders / Q000276:immunology; D053802:Tryptases / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007527:Isoenzymes; D053802:Tryptases
keywords: Anaphylaxis; Mast cell; Mast cell degranulation; Mastocytosis; Tryptase