title: Clinical classification and neuro-vestibular evaluation in chronic dizziness.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study attempts to clarify the clinical characteristics of chronic dizziness and its relationships with specific vestibular, oculomotor, autonomic and psychiatric dysfunctions.
  
  
  METHODS
  73 Patients with idiopathic chronic dizziness were recruited and classified based on history taking and clinical examination into the following four clinical subgroups; vestibular migraine (VM), dysautonomia, psychogenic, and unspecified groups. They were also evaluated using oculomotor, otolithic and autonomic function tests, and psychologic investigation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients in the VM group showed a high proportion of abnormality on smooth pursuit and otolithic function testing compared to the other groups. The dysautonomia group revealed significant abnormalities in sympathetic and cardiovagal autonomic function, while the psychogenic group had a high frequency of abnormality in sympathetic autonomic testing and in Beck's anxiety inventory scale. The unspecified group showed abnormalities on saccade, smooth pursuit and autonomic function testing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinical classification of patients with chronic dizziness was relevant and they showed a correlation with disease-specific abnormal results in oculomotor, otolithic, autonomic function and psychology testing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Appropriate diagnostic investigation based on precise clinical diagnosis of chronic dizziness reduces the need for extensive laboratory testing, neuroimaging, and other low-yield tests.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chonbuk National University College of Medicine, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: ohsun@jbnu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Sun-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chonbuk National University College of Medicine, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Do-Hyung
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chonbuk National University College of Medicine, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Tae-Ho
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chonbuk National University College of Medicine, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byoung-Soo
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chonbuk National University College of Medicine, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seul-Ki
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Jeong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology; D001342:Autonomic Nervous System Diseases / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004244:Dizziness / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D054969:Primary Dysautonomias / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014722:Vestibule, Labyrinth / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: Anxiety; Autonomic function test; Chronic dizziness; Dysautonomia; Oculomotor test; Smooth pursuit; Vestibular migraine