title: Yangjing Capsule Extract Promotes Proliferation of GC-1 Spg Cells.
abstract: Objective. To investigate the effect of Yangjing Capsule (YC) extract on proliferation of GC-1 spermatogonia (spg) cells and the mechanism. Methods. GC-1 spg cells were treated with 0.01, 0.1, and 1 mg/mL YC extract. MTT assay was performed to detect the cell viability. Flow cytometry was used to measure the cell cycle and apoptosis of GC-1 spg cells. Real-time PCR and western blot were applied to determine the mRNA and protein expression of Oct-4 and Plzf. Gfr α 1 knockdown and LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor) were applied to explore the underlying mechanism. Results. After 48 h treatment of YC, the viability of GC-1 spg cells increased significantly and the ratio of apoptotic cells reduced significantly. The increased mRNA and protein expression of Oct-4 and Plzf suggested YC promoted self-renewal of GC-1 spg cells. Both Gfr α 1 siRNAs and LY294002 treatments held back YC extract's stimulation effects on mRNA and protein expression of Oct-4 and Plzf and consequently inhibited the proliferation of GC-1 spg cells induced by YC extract. Conclusion. YC extract could stimulate the proliferation of GC-1 spg cells. Partly via Gfr α 1, YC extract is able to trigger the activation of PI3K pathway and finally lead to self-renewal of GC-1 spg cells.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Andrology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
authors.forename: Zhiqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Andrology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
authors.forename: Baofang
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Andrology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
authors.forename: Xindong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
authors.forename: Yugui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Institute of Andrology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
authors.forename: Dalin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gao