title: Randomised clinical trial comparing elective single-embryo transfer followed by single-embryo cryotransfer versus double embryo transfer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the impact of the eSET followed by single-embryo cryotransfer versus double embryo transfer in older women (<38 years) without taking into account embryo quality.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a prospective randomised clinical trial performed on 194 couples attempting a first IVF cycle in a Public Hospital in Spain. The women in Group 1 received eSET plus a single-embryo cryotransfer, and those in Group 2 received a double embryo transfer (DET).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the intention-to-treat analysis, the cumulative live birth delivery rate in the eSET group was similar to the results obtained for the DET group (45.2% vs. 41.8%; p = 0.60). The rate of multiple gestation was significantly lower in the eSET group than in the DET group (0% vs. 26.4%; p < 0.05). The findings obtained in the per-protocol analysis were similar to those obtained in the intention-to-treat analysis. The per-protocol analysis revealed no significant differences in the rate of implantation (29.8% in eSET vs. 29.7% in DET; p = 0.98), in cumulative pregnancy rates per transfer (49.1% in eSET vs. 46.9% in DET; p = 0.80) or in the cumulative live birth delivery rate (38.6% in eSET vs. 42.2% in DET; p = 0.69). In the cycles with eSET, there were no twin pregnancies (0% in eSET vs. 27.6 in DET; p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For women aged under 38 years with good prognosis, without taking embryo quality as a criterion for inclusion, an eSET policy can be applied, achieving acceptable cumulative clinical pregnancy rates and birth rates.
authors.affiliation: U. Reproducción, UGC de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (IIBG), Granada, Spain; Doctorado de Biomedicina Regenerativa de la Universidad de Granada, Spain. Electronic address: marisalopezregalado@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Maria Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: López-Regalado
authors.affiliation: U. Reproducción, UGC de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (IIBG), Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Clavero
authors.affiliation: U. Reproducción, UGC de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (IIBG), Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria Carmen
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Gonzalvo
authors.affiliation: U. Reproducción, UGC de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (IIBG), Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Serrano
authors.affiliation: U. Reproducción, UGC de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (IIBG), Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.affiliation: U. Reproducción, UGC de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (IIBG), Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mozas
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biopatología y Medicina Regenerativa (IBIMER), Universidad de Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Serrano
authors.affiliation: U. Reproducción, UGC de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (IIBG), Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fontes
authors.affiliation: U. Reproducción, UGC de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (IIBG), Granada, Spain; Banco de Semen CEIFER, Granada, Spain; Centro MasVida Reproducción, Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: Jose A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Castilla
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001723:Birth Rate; D015925:Cryopreservation; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D059285:Pregnancy, Twin; D011446:Prospective Studies; D056826:Single Embryo Transfer; D013030:Spain
keywords: Clinical pregnancy rate; Elective single-embryo transfer; Vitrification