title: Advanced progress on the relationship between RA and its receptors and malignant tumors.
abstract: Retinoic acid (RA) is an active derivative of vitamin A, and it has different isomers, including ATRA (all-trans-retinoic acid), 13-cRA (13-cis-retinoic acid) and 9-cRA (9-cis-retinoic acid), etc. Combining with RARs and RXRs, RA plays important roles not only in embryonic development but also in cellular growth and differentiation through transcriptional regulation of its target genes. Following the successful application in the differentiation therapy of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) in clinical, recent studies have found that the disturbance of RA signal transduction was also related to differentiation, proliferation or apoptosis of tumor cells. To develop novel mechanisms-based differentiation therapy for other tumors, the relationship between RA or its receptors and tumors will be summarized in this review.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical Science of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China. Electronic address: molin_li@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Molin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical Science of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
authors.forename: Yuqiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical Science of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
authors.forename: Xingfang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shu
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China. Electronic address: li_chuangang@sina.com.
authors.forename: Chuangang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D000077237:Arsenic Trioxide; D001152:Arsenicals / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D015973:Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic; D006801:Humans; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010087:Oxides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D001152:Arsenicals; D010087:Oxides; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D014212:Tretinoin; D000077237:Arsenic Trioxide
keywords: Receptors; Regulation; Retinoic acid; Target genes; Tumors