title: Engagement with Care, Substance Use, and Adherence to Therapy in HIV/AIDS.
abstract: Engagement with care for those living with HIV is aimed at establishing a strong relationship between patients and their health care provider and is often associated with greater adherence to therapy and treatment (Flickinger, Saha, Moore, and Beach, 2013). Substance use behaviors are linked with lower rates of engagement with care and medication adherence (Horvath, Carrico, Simoni, Boyer, Amico, and Petroli, 2013). This study is a secondary data analysis using a cross-sectional design from a larger randomized controlled trial (n = 775) that investigated the efficacy of a self-care symptom management manual for participants living with HIV. Participants were recruited from countries of Africa and the US. This study provides evidence that substance use is linked with lower self-reported engagement with care and adherence to therapy. Data on substance use and engagement are presented. Clinical implications of the study address the importance of utilizing health care system and policy factors to improve engagement with care.
authors.affiliation: Global Health and Academic Partnerships, Division of Global Health Equity and Center for Nursing Excellence, Brigham and Women's Hospital, MGH Institute of Health Professions, 36 1st Avenue, Boston, MA 02129, USA.
authors.forename: Patrice K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Nicholas
authors.affiliation: Advanced Practice Program, College of Nursing, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Ackerson Hall, Room 362, 180 University Avenue, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Willard
authors.affiliation: College of Public Health, The George Washington University, 2121 I Street NW, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
authors.forename: Clinton
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: Community Health Systems, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, 2 Koret Way, N505, P.O. Box 0608, San Francisco, CA 94143-0608, USA.
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dawson-Rose
authors.affiliation: MGH Institute of Health Professions, 36 1st Avenue, Boston, MA 02129, USA.
authors.forename: Inge B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Corless
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Ackerson Hall, Room 330, 180 University Avenue, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
authors.forename: Dean J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Wantland
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, 6300 Ocean Drive, Unit 5805, Corpus Christi, TX 78411, USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Sefcik
authors.affiliation: Hunter-Bellevue School of Nursing, Hunter College, City University of New York, 425 East 25 Street, P.O. Box 874, New York, NY 10010, USA.
authors.forename: Kathleen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Nokes
authors.affiliation: Nursing Strategic Initiatives, Harris Health System, Lyndon B. Johnson General Hospital, 5656 Kelley Street, Houston, TX 77026, USA.
authors.forename: Kenn M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kirksey
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing & Health Science, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, 6300 Ocean Drive, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA.
authors.forename: Mary Jane
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7794-7719
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Hamilton
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Ackerson Hall, Room 330, 180 University Avenue, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
authors.forename: William L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Holzemer
authors.affiliation: Community Health Systems, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, 2 Koret Way, N505, P.O. Box 0608, San Francisco, CA 94143-0608, USA.
authors.forename: Carmen J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Portillo
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, P.O. Box 365067, San Juan, PR 00936-5067, USA.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rivero Mendez
authors.affiliation: San Diego State University School of Nursing, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182-4158, USA.
authors.forename: Linda M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.affiliation: Institute for Hispanic Health, National Council of La Raza, 1126 16th Street, Washington, DC 20036, USA.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rosa
authors.affiliation: MPH Programme, Department of Health Studies, University of South Africa, Pretoria 0003, South Africa.
authors.forename: Sarie P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Human
authors.affiliation: Community Health Systems, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, 2 Koret Way, N505, P.O. Box 0608, San Francisco, CA 94143-0608, USA.
authors.forename: Yvette
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5674-4741
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cuca
authors.affiliation: Community Health Systems, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, 2 Koret Way, N505, P.O. Box 0608, San Francisco, CA 94143-0608, USA.
authors.forename: Emily
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2417-5887
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Systems Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), 845 S. Damen Avenue, M/C 802, Chicago, IL 60302, USA ; Rwanda Ministry of Health, Human Resources for Health Program, Division Head Nursing Services, Rwanda Military Hospital, Kigale, Rwanda.
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maryland
authors.affiliation: Clinical Nursing and Health Informatics, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 190, Kakamega 50100, Kenya.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arudo
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Ackerson Hall, Room 328, 180 University Avenue, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
authors.forename: Lucille Sanzero
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Eller
authors.affiliation: Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Stanton
authors.affiliation: Labs of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Medical Center and Brigham and Women's Hospital, 1 Autumn Street, 6th Floor, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
authors.forename: Marykate
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9560-3503
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Driscoll
authors.affiliation: Global Health Department, Behavioral Nursing & Health Systems, University of Washington, Health Sciences Building, Box 3572 66, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Joachim G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Voss
authors.affiliation: University of Utah, 201 Presidents Circle, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
authors.forename: Shahnaz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moezzi