title: Competing with lower level opponents decreases intra-team movement synchronization and time-motion demands during pre-season soccer matches.
abstract: This study aimed to quantify the time-motion demands and intra-team movement synchronization during the pre-season matches of a professional soccer team according to the opposition level. Positional data from 20 players were captured during the first half of six pre-season matches of a Portuguese first league team. Time-motion demands were measured by the total distance covered and distance covered at different speed categories. Intra-team coordination was measured by calculating the relative phase of all pairs of outfield players. Afterwards, the percentage of time spent in the -30° to 30° bin (near-in-phase mode of coordination) was calculated for each dyad as a measure of space-time movement synchronization. Movement synchronization data were analyzed for the whole team, according to each dyad average speed and by groups of similar dyadic synchronization tendencies. Then, these data were compared according to the opponent team level (first league; second league; amateurs). Time-motion demands showed no differences in total distance covered per opposition levels, while matches opposing teams of superior level revealed more distance covered at very high intensity. Competing against superior level teams implied more time in synchronized behavior for the overall displacements and displacements at higher intensities. These findings suggest that playing against higher-level opponents (1st league teams) increased time-motion demands at high intensities in tandem with intra-team movement synchronization tendencies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport and Health, Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal; Research Center for Sports Sciences, Health and Human Development (CIDESD), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Folgado
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Human Performance (CIPER), Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport and Health, Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal.
authors.forename: Orlando
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Sports Sciences, Health and Human Development (CIDESD), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sampaio
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003163:Competitive Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D006126:Group Processes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology*; D011174:Portugal; D012916:Soccer / Q000502:physiology*; D013996:Time and Motion Studies