title: Pre-participation musculoskeletal and cardiac screening of male athletes in the United arab emirates.
abstract: This study presents the results of pre-participation musculoskeletal and cardiac screening using the Lausanne recommendations, which include a personal and family history, physical examination and electrocardiography. Cross sectional study using the Lausanne screenings and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) recommendations carried out at Al-Ahli club in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. 230 male athletes participating in organised sports were included. Exclusion criteria were those under 14 or over 35 years old, females and athletes with established cardiovascular disease. Primary outcome are the results of Lausanne screening with outline of the negative, positive and false positive results and number needed to screen. Secondary outcomes include the results of musculoskeletal and neurological screening. A total of 174 (76%) athletes had a negative screening result. Fifty-four athletes (23%) underwent additional testing. Forty-seven athletes (20.4%) had false positive screening results. Seven athletes (3%) had a positive screening result and four athletes (2%) were restricted from sport. The number of athletes needed to screen to detect one lethal cardiovascular condition was 33 athletes. The Lausanne recommendations are well suited for the United Arab Emirates. The number needed to screen to detect one athlete with serious cardiovascular disease is acceptable at 33.
authors.affiliation: Rashid Hospital , P.O. Box: 4545, Dubai, UAE.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alattar
authors.affiliation: St Georges University London.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ghani
authors.affiliation: Public Health Affairs, Dubai Health Authority P.O. Box: 4545, Dubai, UAE.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mahdy
authors.affiliation: Public Health Affairs, Dubai Health Authority P.O. Box: 4545, Dubai, UAE.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.affiliation: Queen Mary University of London, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Mile End Hospital, Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery , Salerno, Italy.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maffulli
keywords: Sudden cardiac death; athlete’s heart; cardiomyopathies; electrocardiography; physical examination