title: Necrotizing pneumonia and empyema caused by Neisseria flavescens infection.
abstract: Neisseria flavescens is an uncommon pathogen of human infection, pneumonia and empyema caused by N. flavescens is rarely reported. Herein, we report a 56-year-old diabetic patient presenting necrotising pneumonia and empyema due to N. flavescens infection. The main clinical manifestation of this patient was high fever, sticky pus and gradually aggravating dyspnea. The chest computed tomography (CT) scan showed there are mass of high density areas around hilus of the left lung, hollow sign with inflammation also appeared. A biopsy specimen was taken from the left principal bronchus by lung puncture biopsy and showed necrosis and inflammation. Microscopic examination of direct smear and culture of sticky pus, much more gram-negative diplococcus was present, pathogen was further identified by Vitek NH card, Vitek MS and confirmed as N. flavescens by 16S rRNA gene sequencing finally. Anti-infection therapy following the antimicrobial susceptibility test results was effectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report of pulmonary infection caused by N. flavescens.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China ; 2 Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing 210003, China ; 3 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gaochun People's Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing 211300, China ; 4 National Key Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China ; 2 Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing 210003, China ; 3 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gaochun People's Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing 211300, China ; 4 National Key Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China ; 2 Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing 210003, China ; 3 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gaochun People's Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing 211300, China ; 4 National Key Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China.
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China ; 2 Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing 210003, China ; 3 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gaochun People's Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing 211300, China ; 4 National Key Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China ; 2 Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing 210003, China ; 3 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gaochun People's Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing 211300, China ; 4 National Key Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China.
authors.forename: Le
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China ; 2 Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing 210003, China ; 3 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gaochun People's Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing 211300, China ; 4 National Key Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China.
authors.forename: Wenying
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China ; 2 Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing 210003, China ; 3 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gaochun People's Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing 211300, China ; 4 National Key Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China ; 2 Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing 210003, China ; 3 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gaochun People's Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing 211300, China ; 4 National Key Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China.
authors.forename: Genyan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
keywords: 16S rRNA gene sequencing; MALDI-TOF MS; Neisseria flavescens; empyema; pneumonia