title: The effects of ambient temperature and mixing time of glass ionomer cement material on the survival rate of proximal ART restorations in primary molars.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Temperature fluctuations and material mixing times are likely to affect the consistency and integrity of the material mixture, and hence the restoration made out of it. The purpose of the present study was to determine the influence of the ambient temperature and the mixing time of glass ionomer cement (GIC) restorative material on the survival rate of proximal atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) restorations placed in primary molars.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 804 restorations were placed in the primary molars of 6-8-year-olds using the ART approach. The restorations were then followed for a period of 2 years and evaluated at given intervals. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS computer statistical program, and the results tested and compared using the Chi-square, Kaplan Meier survival analysis and Cox Proportional hazard statistical tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cumulative survival rate of the restorations dropped from the initial 94.4% to 30.8% at the end of 2 years. The higher survival rate of the restorations was associated with the experienced operators and assistants when using the rubber dam isolation method. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the survival rate of the restorations when related to the room temperature and the mixing time of the GIC materials used in spite of the variations in the temperature recoded and the methods used in mixing the materials.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ambient temperature and mixing time of GIC did not have a significant effect on the survival of the proximal ART restorations.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
authors.forename: Arthur M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kemoli
keywords: Glass ionomer cement; mixing time; primary molars; proximal atraumatic restorative treatment restorations; survival rate; temperature