Feeding common carp Cyprinus carpio with β-glucan supplemented diet stimulates C-reactive protein and complement immune acute phase responses following PAMPs injection.
The effect of β-glucan as a feed additive on the serum and gene profile of C-reactive protein (CRP) and complement acute phase responses was ascertained in common carp Cyprinus carpio. In addition effects of subsequent intraperitoneal injections of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), i.e. LPS or poly(I:C), to mimic bacterial or viral infection respectively, were studied. Carp were first orally fed with β-glucan (MacroGard®) with a daily β-glucan intake of 6 mg per kg body weight or with control food for 25 days and then injected with PBS containing either LPS (4 mg/kg) or poly(I:C) (5 mg/kg) or PBS alone. Fish were sampled during the 25 days of the feeding period and up to 7 days post-PAMPs injections for serum and liver, head kidney and mid-gut tissues. Oral administration of β-glucan for 25 days significantly increased serum CRP levels and alternative complement activity (ACP). In addition, the subsequent LPS and poly(I:C) challenges significantly affected CRP and complement related gene expression profiles (crp1, crp2, c1r/s, bf/c2, c3 and masp2), with the greatest effects observed in the β-glucan fed fish. However, in fish fed β-glucan the PAMPs injections had less effects on CRP levels and complement activity in the serum than in control fed fish, suggesting that the 25 days of β-glucan immunostimulation was sufficient enough to reduce the effects of LPS and poly(I:C) injections. Results suggest that MacroGard® stimulated CRP and complement responses to PAMPs immunological challenges in common carp thus highlighting the beneficial β-glucan immunostimulant properties.
Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, ST5 5BG Keele, United Kingdom. Electronic address: npionnier@mnhn.fr.
Nicolas
N
Pionnier
Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, ST5 5BG Keele, United Kingdom. Electronic address: alberto.falcogracia@wur.nl.
Alberto
A
Falco
Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, ST5 5BG Keele, United Kingdom. Electronic address: jmiest@geomar.de.
Joanna J
JJ
Miest
Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, ST5 5BG Keele, United Kingdom. Electronic address: a.k.shrive@keele.ac.uk.
Annette K
AK
Shrive
Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, ST5 5BG Keele, United Kingdom. Electronic address: d.hoole@keele.ac.uk.
Dave
D
Hoole
D000210:Acute-Phase Reaction / Q000378:metabolism*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002347:Carps / Q000276:immunology*; D003170:Complement Pathway, Alternative / Q000276:immunology; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D011070:Poly I-C / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D047071:beta-Glucans / Q000494:pharmacology*
D017931:DNA Primers; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D047071:beta-Glucans; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D011070:Poly I-C
CRP; Complement; Cyprinus carpio; PAMPS; β-glucan