Evaluation of single and joint effect of metabolites isolated from marine sponges, Fasciospongia cavernosa and Axinella donnani on antimicrobial properties.
The biochemical mechanisms that marine sponges have developed as a chemical defense to protect themselves against micro and subsequent macrobiofouling process might comprise a potential alternative for the preventing attack of biofilm forming bacteria. The present study investigated the antimicrobial activity of a series of major secondary metabolites isolated from the sponges Fasciospongia cavernosa and Axinella donnani against fouling bacteria. Secomanoalide (1), dehydromanoalide (2) and cavernosine (3) have been isolated from F. cavernosa. Their structures were determined by MS, (1)H NMR spectra analyses and by comparison with those reported in the literature. The most promising activity was exhibited by the metabolites from A. donnani, that is, cerebroside (5) against three strains Aeromonas hydrophila subsp. salmonicida A449 and Erythrobacter litoralis. Our investigation revealed that combined metabolites 1, 2 and 3 retained strong activity but individual metabolite had moderate activity indicating that activity probably results from synergistic interactions between multiple compounds. The antibacterial screening of compounds 3, 5 and synergistic effect of 1-3 against fouling bacteria has been studied for the first time. Further, isolation of manoalide related compounds and their synergistic screening can be accelerated for the development of new biofilm inhibitors.
Bio-organic Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona-Paula, Goa 403 004, India.
Mahesh S
MS
Majik
Bio-organic Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona-Paula, Goa 403 004, India.
Dipika
D
Shirodkar
Bio-organic Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona-Paula, Goa 403 004, India.
Cheryl
C
Rodrigues
Bio-organic Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona-Paula, Goa 403 004, India.
Lisette
L
D'Souza
Bio-organic Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona-Paula, Goa 403 004, India. Electronic address: supriyatilvi@nio.org.
Supriya
S
Tilvi
D016980:Aeromonas hydrophila / Q000187:drug effects*; D048409:Aeromonas salmonicida / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011161:Porifera / Q000737:chemistry*; D042301:Sphingomonadaceae / Q000187:drug effects*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
Biofilm; Fasciospongia cavernosa; Marine bacteria; Marine natural products; Synergistic effect