Determination of toxins involved in ciguatera fish poisoning in the Pacific by LC/MS.
Ciguatera fish poisoning is the most extensive and difficult to control of the seafood poisonings. To facilitate monitoring of fish toxicity, toxin profiles were investigated by an LC/MS/MS method using 14 reference toxins on eight representative species of fish collected in four different areas of the Pacific. Snappers and groupers from Okinawa contained ciguatoxin-1B (CTX1B) and two deoxy congeners at variable but species-specific ratios, while red snapper, Lutjanus bohar, from Minamitorishima, and amberjack, Seriola dumerili, from Hawaii, contained both CTX1B-type and CTX3C-type toxins. Spotted knifejaw, Oplegnathus punctatus, from Okinawan waters, contained mainly CTX4A and CTX4B, but the same species caught at Miyazaki was contaminated primarily with the CTX3C-type toxins. Otherwise, the toxin profiles were consistently species-specific in fish collected from various locations around Okinawa over 20 years. The LC/MS/MS and mouse bioassay results agreed well, indicating the LC/MS/MS method is a promising alternative to the mouse bioassay. Pure CTX1B and CTX3C were prepared for use in future LC/MS/MS analysis.
Kentaro
K
Yogi
Satsuki
S
Sakugawa
Naomasa
N
Oshiro
Tsuyoshi
T
Ikehara
Kiminori
K
Sugiyama
Takeshi
T
Yasumoto
D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D036841:Ciguatera Poisoning / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005399:Fishes; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods; D059022:Food Safety; D007564:Japan; D008387:Marine Toxins / Q000737:chemistry*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010140:Pacific Ocean
D008387:Marine Toxins