Viticultural practice and winemaking effects on metabolic profile of Negroamaro.
Metabolic profiles of 32 Negroamaro red wines were analysed using (1)H NMR spectroscopy and multivariate statistical analyses (Principal Component Analysis, PCA, and Orthogonal Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis, OPLS-DA). Among winemaking technologies three were compared: ultrasounds (U; 12 samples), cryomaceration using dry ice (C; 12 samples) and traditional (T; 8 samples). Moreover, each vinification technology was used for grapes grown by two different soil management practices, soil tillage (ST; 16 samples) and cover crop (CC; 16 samples), and by two different training systems, monolateral (M; 16 samples) and bilateral Guyot (B; 16 samples). All statistical models applied on NMR data revealed a good separation between ST (soil tillage) and CC (cover crop), showing a higher influence of the soil management practices compared to the winemaking technologies (ultrasound, cryomaceration and traditional). The differentiation among samples, due to soil management practices, was mainly caused by metabolites such as glycerol, 2,3-butanediol, malic acid, α/β-glucose and phenolic compounds, such as tyrosine and caffeic acid.
Di.S.Te.B.A., Università degli Studi del Salento, Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy. Electronic address: sandra.depascali@unisalento.it.
Sandra Angelica
SA
De Pascali
Consiglio per la Ricerca e la sperimentazione in Agricoltura - Unità di ricerca per l'uva da tavola e la vitivinicoltura in ambiente mediterraneo UTV, Via Casamassima 148, 70010 Turi, Bari, Italy. Electronic address: antonio.coletta@entecra.it.
Antonio
A
Coletta
Di.S.Te.B.A., Università degli Studi del Salento, Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy. Electronic address: laura.delcoco@unisalento.it.
Laura
L
Del Coco
Consiglio per la Ricerca e la sperimentazione in Agricoltura - Unità di ricerca per l'uva da tavola e la vitivinicoltura in ambiente mediterraneo UTV, Via Casamassima 148, 70010 Turi, Bari, Italy. Electronic address: teodora.basile@entecra.it.
Teodora
T
Basile
Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti (DiSSPA), Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy. Electronic address: giuseppe.gambacorta@uniba.it.
Giuseppe
G
Gambacorta
Di.S.Te.B.A., Università degli Studi del Salento, Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy. Electronic address: fp.fanizzi@unisalento.it.
Francesco Paolo
FP
Fanizzi
D002454:Cell Differentiation; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D055442:Metabolome; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis*
MVA analysis; NMR spectroscopy; Negroamaro wine; OPLS-DA; PCA