Fecal concentrations of cortisol, testosterone, and progesterone in cotton-top tamarins housed in different zoological parks: relationships among physiological data, environmental conditions, and behavioral patterns.
The aim of this investigation was to study the welfare of 3 captive groups of cotton-top tamarins housed in different zoological parks. Ethological observations were conducted during 1 year. In addition, fecal samples were collected and the concentrations of glucocorticoids, androgens, and progestogens were measured. Within each group, no significant differences in fecal cortisol concentrations were found between subjects. The fecal concentrations of testosterone and progesterone significantly differed depending on the sexes and ages of the tamarins. A significant association was found among hormone concentrations, exhibit dimensions, and group composition. A highly significant correlation was found between all hormones considered and the space available for each subject. Significant differences in behavioral patterns were observed among groups, including social-individual, affiliative-aggressive, and anogenital-suprapubic scent marking. Correlations between hormone measurements and behaviors were detected. In conclusion, this study confirmed the associations between some behaviors exhibited by these nonhuman primates and both cortisol and testosterone; these data also highlight the role played by progesterone in these behaviors.
a Laboratory of Anthropology-Department of Biology , University of Florence , Florence , Italy.
Sara
S
Fontani
Stefano
S
Vaglio
Valentina
V
Beghelli
Michela
M
Mattioli
Silvia
S
Bacci
Pier Attilio
PA
Accorsi
D000818:Animals; D000836:Animals, Zoo / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology; D004777:Environment; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D006799:Housing, Animal; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000032:analysis* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D011374:Progesterone / Q000032:analysis* / Q000502:physiology; D012452:Saguinus / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology*; D013739:Testosterone / Q000032:analysis* / Q000502:physiology
D013739:Testosterone; D011374:Progesterone; D006854:Hydrocortisone
Saguinus oedipus; captive management; hormones; stress