Spatial variation of biogenic sulfur in the south Yellow Sea and the East China Sea during summer and its contribution to atmospheric sulfate aerosol.
Spatial distributions of biogenic sulfur compounds including dimethylsulfide (DMS), dissolved and particulate dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSPd and DMSPp) were investigated in the South Yellow Sea (SYS) and the East China Sea (ECS) in July 2011. The concentrations of DMS and DMSPp were significantly correlated with the levels of chlorophyll a in the surface water. Simultaneously, relatively high ratio values of DMSP/chlorophyll a and DMS/chlorophyll a occurred in the areas where the phytoplankton community was dominated by dinoflagellates. The DMSPp and chlorophyll a size-fractionation showed that larger nanoplankton (5-20 μm) was the most important producer of DMSPp in the study area. The vertical profiles of DMS and DMSP were characterized by a maximum at the upper layer and the bottom concentrations were also relatively higher compared with the overlying layer of the bottom. In addition, a positive linear correlation was observed between dissolved dimethylsulfoxide (DMSOd) and DMS concentrations in the surface waters. The sea-to-air fluxes of DMS in the study area were estimated to be from 0.03 to 102.35 μmol m(-2) d(-1) with a mean of 16.73 μmol m(-2) d(-1) and the contribution of biogenic non-sea-salt SO4(2-) (nss-SO4(2-)) to the measured total nss-SO4(2-) in the atmospheric aerosol over the study area varied from 1.42% to 30.98%, with an average of 8.2%.
Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
Sheng-Hui
SH
Zhang
Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China. Electronic address: gpyang@mail.ouc.edu.cn.
Gui-Peng
GP
Yang
Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
Hong-Hai
HH
Zhang
Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
Jian
J
Yang
D000336:Aerosols / Q000032:analysis*; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D001272:Atmosphere / Q000737:chemistry; D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D012621:Seasons; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry; D013455:Sulfur / Q000032:analysis*; D013457:Sulfur Compounds / Q000032:analysis*
D000336:Aerosols; D000393:Air Pollutants; D013457:Sulfur Compounds; D013455:Sulfur
Dimethylsulfide (DMS); Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP); East China Sea; Methanesulfonic; Phytoplankton; South Yellow Sea