Fluoroquinolone resistance: mechanisms, impact on bacteria, and role in evolutionary success.
Quinolone and fluoroquinolone antibiotics are potent, broad-spectrum agents commonly used to treat a range of infections. Resistance to these agents is multifactorial and can be via one or a combination of target-site gene mutations, increased production of multidrug-resistance (MDR) efflux pumps, modifying enzymes, and/or target-protection proteins. Fluoroquinolone-resistant clinical isolates of bacteria have emerged readily and recent data have shown that resistance to this class of antibiotics can have diverse, species-dependent impacts on host-strain fitness. Here we outline the impacts of quinolone-resistance mutations in relation to the fitness and evolutionary success of mutant strains.
School of Immunity and Infection, Institute of Microbiology and Infection, Biosciences Building, University Road West, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
Liam S
LS
Redgrave
School of Immunity and Infection, Institute of Microbiology and Infection, Biosciences Building, University Road West, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
Sam B
SB
Sutton
School of Immunity and Infection, Institute of Microbiology and Infection, Biosciences Building, University Road West, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
Mark A
MA
Webber
School of Immunity and Infection, Institute of Microbiology and Infection, Biosciences Building, University Road West, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK. Electronic address: l.j.v.piddock@bham.ac.uk.
Laura J V
LJ
Piddock
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009154:Mutation
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones
chromosome structure; fitness