Prepubertal children with a history of extra-uterine growth restriction exhibit low-grade inflammation.
Intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) may induce significant metabolic and inflammatory anomalies, increasing the risk of obesity and CVD later in life. Similarly, alterations in the adipose tissue may lead to metabolic changes in children with a history of extra-uterine growth restriction (EUGR). These mechanisms may induce alterations in immune response during early life. The aim of the present study was to compare pro-inflammatory markers in prepubertal EUGR children with those in a reference population. A total of thirty-eight prepubertal children with a history of EUGR and a reference group including 123 healthy age- and sex-matched children were selected. Perinatal data were examined. In the prepubertal stage, the concentrations of inflammatory biomarkers were measured in both groups. The serum concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) and plasma concentrations of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), IL-6, IL-8, monocyte chemotactic protein type 1 (MCP-1), neural growth factor, TNF-α and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 were determined. The plasma concentrations of inflammatory biomarkers CRP, HGF, IL-8, MCP-1 and TNF-α were higher in the EUGR group than in the reference group (P< 0·001). After adjustment for gestational age, birth weight and length, blood pressure values and TNF-α concentrations remained higher in the EUGR group than in the reference group. Therefore, further investigations should be conducted in EUGR children to evaluate the potential negative impact of metabolic, nutritional and pro-inflammatory changes induced by the EUGR condition.
Unit of Metabolism and Pediatric Research. IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba,Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n,CP 14004Córdoba,Spain.
María
M
Ortiz-Espejo
Unit of Metabolism and Pediatric Research. IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba,Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n,CP 14004Córdoba,Spain.
Juan Luis
JL
Pérez-Navero
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Center of Biomedical Research, Lab 123, University of Granada,Armilla,Spain.
Josune
J
Olza-Meneses
Unit of Methodological Support to Research, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC),Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n,CP 14004Córdoba,Spain.
María Carmen
MC
Muñoz-Villanueva
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Center of Biomedical Research, Lab 123, University of Granada,Armilla,Spain.
Concepción María
CM
Aguilera-García
Unit of Metabolism and Pediatric Research. IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba,Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n,CP 14004Córdoba,Spain.
Mercedes
M
Gil-Campos
D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001724:Birth Weight; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006130:Growth Disorders / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000254:growth & development*; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
D015415:Biomarkers; C111835:CCL2 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor; D002097:C-Reactive Protein