Myotube formation on gelatin nanofibers - multi-walled carbon nanotubes hybrid scaffolds.
Engineering functional muscle tissue requires the formation of densely packed, aligned, and mature myotubes. To enhance the formation of aligned myotubes with improved contractibility, we fabricated aligned electrospun gelatin multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) hybrid fibers that were used as scaffolds for the growth of myoblasts (C2C12). The MWNTs significantly enhanced myotube formation by improving the mechanical properties of the resulting fibers and upregulated the activation of mechanotransduction related genes. In addition, the fibers enhanced the maturation of the myotubes and the amplitude of the myotube contractions under electrical stimulation (ES). Such hybrid material scaffolds may be useful to direct skeletal muscle cellular organization, improve cellular functionality and tissue formation.
WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
Serge
S
Ostrovidov
WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
Xuetao
X
Shi
WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
Ling
L
Zhang
WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
Xiaobin
X
Liang
Department of Eco-Machinery System, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 305-343, South Korea.
Sang Bok
SB
Kim
Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan.
Toshinori
T
Fujie
WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan; Centre for Stem Cell Research, A Unit of the Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Christian Medical College Campus, Vellore 632002, India.
Murugan
M
Ramalingam
WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
Mingwei
M
Chen
WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
Ken
K
Nakajima
Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21569, Saudi Arabia.
Faten
F
Al-Hazmi
College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Department of Bioindustrial Technologies, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
Hojae
H
Bae
Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Adnan
A
Memic
WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan; Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21569, Saudi Arabia; Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Maxillofacial Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: alik@rics.bwh.harvard.edu.
Ali
A
Khademhosseini
D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005780:Gelatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D034421:Sus scrofa; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D005780:Gelatin
C2C12; Carbon nanotubes; Electrospinning; Gelatin fibers; Myotube