The impact of education and acculturation on nonverbal neuropsychological test performance among Latino/a patients with epilepsy.
The present study examined the relationship between various sociocultural factors (e.g., acculturation, education), neurological variables (e.g., epilepsy duration and seizure frequency) and nonverbal neuropsychological (NP) test performance in a sample of 305 Latino/a and Non-Latino/a White adults with and without epilepsy. All participants completed nonverbal NP measures of visuospatial skills, memory, executive functioning, and psychomotor speed. An acculturation scale was administered to Spanish-speaking epilepsy patients and controls. Education was strongly correlated with performance on all but one of the nonverbal measures across the entire sample. Among Spanish-speaking Latino/a patients with epilepsy, level of acculturation to U.S. culture was associated with a measure of behavioral inflexibility (p < .05) and with a composite measure of nonverbal NP test performance (p < .05). Finally, the results of hierarchical regression models showed that sociocultural factors accounted for a greater proportion of variance in nonverbal NP test performance than did neurological factors. These results provide further evidence that sociocultural factors are strong predictors of NP test performance in clinical populations, even on nonverbal tests. Assessment of acculturation may be as critical as assessment of disease factors in interpreting cognitive performance in Latino/a individuals.
a NYU Langone Medical Center, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, and Neurology, New York University School of Medicine , New York , New York.
Pedro A
PA
Saez
Heidi Allison
HA
Bender
William B
WB
Barr
Monica
M
Rivera Mindt
Chris E
CE
Morrison
Jason
J
Hassenstab
Marivelisse
M
Rodriguez
Blanca
B
Vazquez
D000069:Acculturation; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D004522:Educational Status; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology*; D056344:Executive Function; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D014796:Visual Perception; D055815:Young Adult
Hispanic Americans; cross-cultural; tests