Immune checkpoints: A therapeutic target in triple negative breast cancer.
Early clinical trials investigating monoclonal antibodies targeting the T-cell inhibitory receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 have shown efficacy in melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer and renal cell carcinoma. We recently demonstrated PD-L1 expression in 20% of triple negative breast cancers suggesting that targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint may be an effective treatment modality in patients with this disease.
Department of Surgical Oncology; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, TX USA.
Akhil
A
Chawla
Department of Surgical Oncology; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, TX USA.
Anne V
AV
Philips
Department of Stem Cell Transplant and Cellular Therapy; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, TX USA.
Gheath
G
Alatrash
Department of Surgical Oncology; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, TX USA.
Elizabeth
E
Mittendorf
PD-L1; PI3K; biomarker; immunotherapy; triple negative breast cancer