Where cancer genomics should go next: a clinician's perspective.
Large-scale, genomic studies of specific tumors such as The Cancer Genome Atlas have provided a better understanding of the alterations of pathways involved in the development of solid tumors including glioblastoma, breast cancer, ovarian and endometrial cancers, colon cancer and lung squamous cell carcinoma. This tremendous effort of the scientific community has confirmed the view that cancer actually represents a wide variety of diseases originating from different organs. These studies showed that TP53 and PI3KCA are the two most mutated genes in all types of cancers and that 30-70% of all solid tumors harbor potentially 'actionable' mutations that can be exploited for patient stratification or treatment optimization. Translation of this huge oncogenomic data set to clinical application in personalized medicine programs is now the main challenge for the future. The gap between our basic knowledge and clinical application is still wide. Closing the gap will require translational personalized trials, which may initiate a radical change in our routine clinical practice in oncology.
Stem Cell and Microenvironment Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar, Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA, Faculté de Médecine de Montpellier, Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France, jat2021@qatar-med.cornell.edu.
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Rafii
Stem Cell and Microenvironment Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar, Faculté de Médecine de Créteil UPEC-Paris XII. UMR INSERM U965 : Angiogenèse et Recherche Translationnelle, Hôpital Lariboisière, 49 bd de la Chapelle, 75010 Paris, France.
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Touboul
Stem Cell and Microenvironment Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
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Al Thani
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College-Qatar, Doha, Qatar and Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
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Suhre
Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA.
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Malek
D063646:Carcinogenesis; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D015894:Genome, Human; D023281:Genomics / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D057285:Precision Medicine; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics
D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases