Diabetes mellitus, but not small dense low-density lipoprotein, is predictive of cardiovascular disease: A Korean community-based prospective cohort study.
OBJECTIVE
Small dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL) has been suggested to be a potential risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD).


METHODS
We carried out a prospective nested case-control study in the Korean Health and Genome Study. Participants were men and women aged 40-69 years who developed CVD (n = 313), and were matched by age and sex to controls who remained free of CVD (n = 313) during the 8-years follow-up period (from 2001 to 2009). LDL subfractions were analyzed in frozen samples collected from the 626 participants using polyacrylamide tube gel electrophoresis.


RESULTS
Patients with CVD had a significantly higher glycated hemoglobin level compared with the controls (5.72 vs 5.56). The proportion of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) was higher in those who developed CVD during follow up (8.0% vs 1.9%). The frequency of CVD according to each tertile of LDL particle size and the number of metabolic syndrome components did not differ significantly. In the multivariate analysis, DM (odds ratio 4.244, 95% confidence interval 1.693-10.640, P = 0.002) was the only independent predictive factor of CVD. LDL particle size was not associated with the risk for future CVD.


CONCLUSIONS
Small dense LDL might not be a significant predictor of CVD in this Korean community-based prospective cohort study.
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Internal Medicine Dong-A University Medical Center Busan Korea.
Sunghwan
S
Suh
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Korea.
Hyung-Doo
HD
Park
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Medicine Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Korea.
Sang-Man
SM
Jin
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Medicine Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Korea.
Hye Jeong
HJ
Kim
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Medicine Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Korea.
Ji Cheol
JC
Bae
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Internal Medicine Dong-A University Medical Center Busan Korea.
So Young
SY
Park
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Internal Medicine Dong-A University Medical Center Busan Korea.
Mi Kyoung
MK
Park
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Internal Medicine Dong-A University Medical Center Busan Korea.
Duk Kyu
DK
Kim
Department of Preventive Medicine Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon Korea.
Nam H
NH
Cho
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Medicine Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Korea.
Moon-Kyu
MK
Lee
Cardiovascular disease; Low‐density lipoprotein particle size; Small dense low‐density lipoprotein