Pharmacophore reassignment for induction of the immunosurveillance cytokine TRAIL.
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is an immunosurveillance cytokine that kills cancer cells but demonstrates little toxicity against normal cells. While investigating the TRAIL-inducing imidazolinopyrimidinone TIC10, a misassignment of its active structure was uncovered. Syntheses of the two isomers, corresponding to the published and reassigned structures, are reported. The ability of each to induce TRAIL expression in macrophages was investigated and it was found that only the compound corresponding to the reassigned structure shows the originally reported activity; the compound corresponding to the published structure is inactive. Importantly, this structural reassignment has furnished a previously unknown antitumor pharmacophore.
Department of Chemistry, Dept. of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Worm Institute of Research and Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 (USA).
Nicholas T
NT
Jacob
Jonathan W
JW
Lockner
Vladimir V
VV
Kravchenko
Kim D
KD
Janda
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006576:Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007093:Imidazoles; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D011725:Pyridines; D011743:Pyrimidines; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
D016207:Cytokines; D006576:Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings; D007093:Imidazoles; D011725:Pyridines; D011743:Pyrimidines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C585684:TIC10 compound
TIC10; TRAIL; cancer therapy; drug discovery; structure elucidation