Grape seed extract supplementation attenuates the heat stress-induced responses of jejunum epithelial cells in Simmental × Qinchuan steers.
Grape seed extract (GSE), a rich source of polyphenols, is reported to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. The objective of the present study was to determine whether GSE could attenuate the heat stress-induced responses of jejunum epithelial cells (JEC) in cattle. The JEC of a steer (Simmental × Qinchuan) were exposed to heat stress for 2 h in the absence (0 μg/ml) or presence (10, 20, 40 and 80 μg/ml) of GSE in the culture medium. When cultured at 40°C, JEC supplemented with GSE exhibited increased glutathione peroxidase activity (P= 0·04), viability (P= 0·004), and mRNA expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF; P= 0·03) and EGF receptor (EGFR; P = 0·01). Under the same conditions, the cells exhibited decreased mRNA expression of IL-8 (P= 0·01) and TNF-α (P= 0·03) and decreased protein concentrations of IL-1β (P= 0·02), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4; P= 0·04) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70; P< 0·001). When cultured at 43°C, JEC supplemented with GSE exhibited increased catalase activity (P= 0·04), viability (P< 0·001), and mRNA expression of EGF (P< 0·001) and EGFR (P< 0·001) and decreased protein concentrations of IL-1β (P< 0·001), TLR4 (P= 0·03) and HSP70 (P< 0·001), as well as mRNA expression of IL-8 (P< 0·001), TLR4 (P= 0·002) and TNF-α (P< 0·001). Temperature × GSE concentration interactions were also observed for the concentrations of IL-1β (P< 0·001), IL-8 (P< 0·001), TNF-α (P= 0·01) and HSP70 (P= 0·04) and viability (P< 0·001) of JEC. The results of the present study indicate that GSE can attenuate the responses of JEC induced by heat stress within a certain range of temperatures.
Key Laboratory for Bio-feed and Molecular Nutrition, Southwest University,Chongqing400715,People's Republic of China.
Xiaomin
X
Li
Key Laboratory for Bio-feed and Molecular Nutrition, Southwest University,Chongqing400715,People's Republic of China.
You
Y
Yang
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia,Crawley,Western Australia6009,Australia.
Shimin
S
Liu
Key Laboratory for Bio-feed and Molecular Nutrition, Southwest University,Chongqing400715,People's Republic of China.
Jing
J
Yang
Key Laboratory for Bio-feed and Molecular Nutrition, Southwest University,Chongqing400715,People's Republic of China.
Cheng
C
Chen
Key Laboratory for Bio-feed and Molecular Nutrition, Southwest University,Chongqing400715,People's Republic of China.
Zhihong
Z
Sun
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D056604:Grape Seed Extract / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D018882:Heat Stress Disorders / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000032:analysis; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics; D007583:Jejunum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics
D000975:Antioxidants; D056604:Grape Seed Extract; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D016209:Interleukin-8; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D066246:ErbB Receptors