A nanoscale ridge/groove pattern arrayed surface enhances adipogenic differentiation of human supernumerary tooth-derived dental pulp stem cells in vitro.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to establish human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) from supernumerary teeth and determine the effects of a 350-nm nano-patterned surface on adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs.


METHODS
Several surface markers were analysed by FACS to confirm the isolated cells as hDPSCs. To demonstrate the effects of a nano-patterned surface on the differentiation of hDPSCs, the cells were cultured on a nano-patterned surface with or without adipogenic or osteogenic induction factors. Cells were then stained with Oil red O or Alizarin red, and the lineage specific genes LPL and Runx-2 were analysed by real-time PCR at 3, 6 and 9 days after culture.


RESULTS
The hDPSCs on a nano-patterned surface showed a linear arrangement compared to irregular cells on a conventional surface. During adipogenic differentiation, more Oil red O stained cells were found in the nano-patterned group than in the conventional group. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in Alizarin red staining between the nano-pattern and conventional surface groups after induction of osteogenic differentiation. Gene expression analyses revealed significantly higher expression of LPL in the nano-patterned group than in the conventional group, whereas Runx-2 expression was higher in the conventional group than in the nano-patterned group.


CONCLUSIONS
This study showed that a nano-patterned surface may be able to enhance adipogenic differentiation of hDPSCs by altering their morphology and gene expression patterns, whereas the same surface may inhibit or suppress osteogenic differentiation of the cells.
Cellular Reprogramming & Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-749, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: koko1813@hanmail.net.
Daehwan
D
Kim
Cellular Reprogramming & Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-749, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jongnek@nate.com.
Jongwook
J
Kim
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-749 Republic of Korea. Electronic address: hege1@snu.ac.kr.
Hongkeun
H
Hyun
Institute of Advanced Machinery & Design and School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, 599 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: keesung@snu.ac.kr.
Keesung
K
Kim
Cellular Reprogramming & Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-749, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: sangho@snu.ac.kr.
Sangho
S
Roh
D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000379:methods; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D012313:RNA / Q000032:analysis; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D013499:Surface Properties; D014096:Tooth, Supernumerary
D012313:RNA
Adipogenic differentiation; Dental pulp stem cell; Nanoscale ridge/groove pattern array; Osteogenic differentiation; Supernumerary tooth