Lysophosphatidylcholine perpetuates macrophage polarization toward classically activated phenotype in inflammation.
Pro-inflammatory macrophages are involved in vascular inflammation and serve as the major effector cells in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) is a major phospholipid moiety affixed to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and thought to play important roles in the development of atherosclerosis. In this study we described that a bioactive lipid derivative, lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC), generated from hydrolysis of the PC moiety of oxidized LDL, promoted and stabilized a strong M1 phenotype in macrophage polarization. Another derivative, 9-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (9-HODE), did not show the similar biological function. Blockade of G protein coupled receptor, G2A, which mediates the signal transduction of lysoPC, diminished the effects of lysoPC on the macrophage polarization toward M1 phenotype. The results provide insights into the new mechanism on how oxidized LDL participates in tissue inflammation in atherosclerosis.
Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Prov. China, 450052.
Xiaofei
X
Qin
Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Prov. China, 450052.
Chunguang
C
Qiu
Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Prov. China, 450052. Electronic address: zhaoluosha@gmail.com.
Luosha
L
Zhao
D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000276:immunology*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology; D016764:Cell Polarity; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000276:immunology; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000276:immunology; D008244:Lysophosphatidylcholines / Q000276:immunology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology*; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology
D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; C115270:G2A receptor; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D008244:Lysophosphatidylcholines; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; C495366:hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein
Atherosclerosis; Inflammation; LysoPC; M1 macrophage