Inclusion of Palmaria palmata (red seaweed) in Atlantic salmon diets: effects on the quality, shelf-life parameters and sensory properties of fresh and cooked salmon fillets.
BACKGROUND
The use of Palmaria palmata (PP) as a natural ingredient in farmed Atlantic salmon diets was investigated. The effect of salmon diet supplementation with P. palmata (0, 5, 10 and 15%) or synthetic astaxanthin (positive control, PC) for 16 weeks pre-slaughter on quality indices of fresh salmon fillets was examined. The susceptibility of salmon fillets/homogenates to oxidative stress conditions was also measured.


RESULTS
In salmon fillets stored in modified atmosphere packs (60% N2 /40% CO2 ) for up to 15 days at 4 °C, P. palmata increased surface -a* (greenness) and b* (yellowness) values in a dose-dependent manner, resulting in a final yellow/orange flesh colour. In general, the dietary addition of P. palmata had no effect on pH, lipid oxidation (fresh, cooked and fillet homogenates) and microbiological status. 'Eating quality' sensory descriptors (texture, odour and oxidation flavour) in cooked salmon fillets were not influenced by dietary P. palmata. Salmon fed 5% PP showed increased overall acceptability compared with those fed PC and 0% PP.


CONCLUSIONS
Dietary P. palmata was ineffective at providing red coloration in salmon fillets, but pigment deposition enhanced fillets with a yellow/orange colour. Carotenoids from P. palmata may prove to be a natural pigment alternative to canthaxanthin in salmon feeds.
Food Packaging Group, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, College of Science, Engineering and Food Science, University College Cork, Ireland.
Natasha C
NC
Moroney
Alex H L
AH
Wan
Anna
A
Soler-Vila
Richard D
RD
FitzGerald
Mark P
MP
Johnson
Joe P
JP
Kerry
D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D017756:Aquaculture; D001267:Atlantic Ocean; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D003296:Cooking; D005505:Food Coloring Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D005518:Food Preferences; D063427:Food Quality; D061353:Food Storage; D006801:Humans; D007494:Ireland; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D000461:Rhodophyta / Q000737:chemistry*; D020317:Salmo salar / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D017747:Seafood / Q000032:analysis* / Q000382:microbiology; D012624:Seaweed / Q000737:chemistry*; D012677:Sensation; D013499:Surface Properties; D014018:Tissue Distribution
D005505:Food Coloring Agents; D010860:Pigments, Biological; D002338:Carotenoids
Palmaria palmata; farmed Atlantic salmon; feed ingredient; fillet quality; pigments; seaweed