A bioactive metallurgical grade porous silicon-polytetrafluoroethylene sheet for guided bone regeneration applications.
The properties of porous silicon make it a promising material for a host of applications including drug delivery, molecular and cell-based biosensing, and tissue engineering. Porous silicon has previously shown its potential for the controlled release of pharmacological agents and in assisting bone healing. Hydroxyapatite, the principle constituent of bone, allows osteointegration in vivo, due to its chemical and physical similarities to bone. Synthetic hydroxyapatite is currently applied as a surface coating to medical devices and prosthetics, encouraging bone in-growth at their surface and improving osseointegration. This paper examines the potential for the use of an economically produced porous silicon particulate-polytetrafluoroethylene sheet for use as a guided bone regeneration device in periodontal and orthopaedic applications. The particulate sheet is comprised of a series of microparticles in a polytetrafluoroethylene matrix and is shown to produce a stable hydroxyapatite on its surface under simulated physiological conditions. The microstructure of the material is examined both before and after simulated body fluid experiments for a period of 1, 7, 14 and 30 days using Scanning Electron Microscopy. The composition is examined using a combination of Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy, Thin film X-ray diffraction, Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and the uptake/release of constituents at the fluid-solid interface is explored using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy. Microstructural and compositional analysis reveals progressive growth of crystalline, 'bone-like' apatite on the surface of the material, indicating the likelihood of close bony apposition in vivo.
Materials and Surface Science Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland Department of Design and Manufacturing Technology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
E G
EG
Chadwick
School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.
O M
OM
Clarkin
South Eastern Applied Materials Research Centre, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland.
R
R
Raghavendra
Materials and Surface Science Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland Department of Design and Manufacturing Technology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
D A
DA
Tanner
D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000737:chemistry; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D048091:Guided Tissue Regeneration / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008669:Metallurgy / Q000295:instrumentation; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene / Q000737:chemistry*; D016062:Porosity; D012825:Silicon / Q000737:chemistry*; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene; D012825:Silicon
Porous silicon (PS); energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX); hydroxyapatite (HA); metallurgical grade silicon (MGSi); nanoporous silicon; nanosponge; porous structure; scanning electron microscopy (SEM)