Ethical alternatives to experiments with novel potential pandemic pathogens.
Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
Marc
M
Lipsitch
Department of Epidemiology (Microbial Diseases), Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.
Alison P
AP
Galvani
D004843:Epistasis, Genetic; D032984:Ethics, Research; D006801:Humans; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000235:genetics; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology; D058873:Pandemics / Q000941:ethics*; D010641:Phenotype; D011634:Public Health / Q000941:ethics; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical / Q000941:ethics