Nephroprotective effect of catechin on gentamicin-induced experimental nephrotoxicity.
BACKGROUND
Gentamicin is an effective aminoglycoside antibiotic employed against severe Gram-negative bacterial infections, but induction of nephrotoxicity limits its frequent clinical use. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of catechin hydrate on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.


METHODS
Rats were administered nephrotoxic dose of gentamicin (100 mg/kg/day, i.p.) once daily for 14 days. Gentamicin-administered rats were treated with catechin hydrate (50 mg/kg/day, per os), the treatment was started 3 days before the administration of gentamicin while it was continued for 14 days from the day of gentamicin administration.


RESULTS
Two weeks administration of gentamicin significantly increased the serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels. Renal histopathological examination of gentamicin-administered rats revealed degenerative changes in glomeruli and tubules after 2 weeks. These renal structural and functional abnormalities in gentamicin-administered rats were accompanied with renal oxidative stress as assessed in terms of marked decrease in renal-reduced glutathione (GSH). However, catechin hydrate treatment showed considerably nephroprotective action against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats by preventing aforementioned renal structural and functional abnormalities and oxidative stress.


CONCLUSIONS
Catechin hydrate has a potential to prevent gentamicin-induced experimental nephrotoxicity. The renoprotective effect of catechin hydrate against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity might be mediated through its antioxidant and possible direct nephroprotective actions.
Cardiovascular Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Rajendra Institute of Technology and Sciences, Sirsa, 125 055, Haryana, India.
Ankush
A
Sardana
Sanjeev
S
Kalra
Deepa
D
Khanna
Pitchai
P
Balakumar
D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000633:toxicity; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D002392:Catechin / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003401:Creatine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000633:toxicity; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012076:Renal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005839:Gentamicins; D012076:Renal Agents; D002392:Catechin; D005978:Glutathione; D003401:Creatine