Seroprevalence of heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) in feline and canine hosts from central and northern Portugal.
Dirofilaria immitis is endemic in Portugal. Several studies have reported the presence of canine heartworm disease, although no previous studies on feline infections have been published. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of D. immitis in cats and dogs from central and northern Portugal. Blood samples from 434 cats were tested for circulating anti-D. immitis and anti-Wolbachia antibodies. Furthermore, 386 dogs were tested for circulating D. immitis antigens. Overall feline seroprevalence was 15%, while canine prevalence was 2.1%. The highest feline seroprevalences of 18.7% and 17.6% were found in Aveiro and Viseu, respectively, while the highest canine prevalences of 8.8% and 6.8% were found in Coimbra and Aveiro, respectively. Cats and dogs showing respiratory signs presented higher prevalences of 24.4% and 17%, respectively, while 50% of cats with gastrointestinal signs were seropositive. The present study confirms the seropositivity of D. immitis in the feline population in central and northern Portugal, and suggests the importance of including heartworm disease in the list of differential diagnoses of cats and dogs showing clinical signs compatible with the disease.
Department of Veterinary Sciences,Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD),Vila Real,Portugal.
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Vieira
Centro de Estudos Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (CECAV) - Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD),Vila Real,Portugal.
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Silvestre-Ferreira
Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia/UMIB, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP),Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228,4050-313Porto,Portugal.
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Fontes-Sousa
Department of Veterinary Sciences,Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD),Vila Real,Portugal.
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Balreira
Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca,37007Salamanca,Spain.
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Morchón
Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria,35413 Arucas,Las Palmas,Spain.
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Carretón
Department of Veterinary Medicine,Escola Universitária Vasco da Gama, Coimbra, Portugal; Baixo Vouga Veterinary Hospital,Águeda,Portugal.
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Vilhena
Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca,37007Salamanca,Spain.
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Simón
Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria,35413 Arucas,Las Palmas,Spain.
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Montoya-Alonso
D000818:Animals; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000097:blood; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology; D002415:Cats; D004183:Dirofilaria immitis / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004184:Dirofilariasis / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D011174:Portugal / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies
D000947:Antigens, Helminth