Translation and psychometric testing of the Icelandic version of the MISSCARE Survey.
BACKGROUND
Missed nursing care, required standard care that is not provided, is a relatively new concept in nursing, and prior to this study, it had not been discussed in Iceland.


OBJECTIVE
To successfully translate the MISSCARE Survey from US English to Icelandic.


METHODS
The translation and psychometric testing of the MISSCARE Survey-Icelandic was completed in six steps: (1) forward translation, (2) revision of the translation, (3) back-translation, (4) revision of the back-translation, (5) pilot-testing, (6) data collection and psychometric testing. Back-translation included work of linguists, clinicians and scholars in the original and target country. Psychometric testing was completed on data from a pilot-test and a national study. The target population was nursing staff providing patient care in medical, surgical and intensive care units in hospitals in Iceland. Pilot study data were collected in November-December 2011, and data for the national study were collected in March-April 2012. The MISSCARE Survey asks about missed nursing care activities (part A), and reasons for missed nursing care (part B), besides demographic and background questions.


RESULTS
Response rate for the pilot study was 57% (67/118), and for the national study, it was 69% (599/864) with good acceptability. Overall test-retest Pearson's correlation coefficient for part A was 0.782 (p < 0.001) and 0.530 (p < 0.05) for part B. Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient for the overall part B and subscales ranged from 0.795-0.894. Confirmatory factor analysis for part B indicated a good model fit to the three factors: Communication, Material resources and Labour resources.


CONCLUSIONS
The MISSCARE Survey was successfully translated from US English to Icelandic, using a stringent back-translation method. The Icelandic version tested reliable and valid. This study supports global use of the MISSCARE Survey.
University of Iceland Faculty of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Reykjavik, Iceland.|Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Helga
H
Bragadóttir
University of Michigan, School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Beatrice J
BJ
Kalisch
University of Iceland Faculty of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Sigríður Bríet
SB
Smáradóttir
The Social Scinence Research Institute, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland.
Heiður Hrund
HH
Jónsdóttir
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007055:Iceland; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009732:Nursing Care / Q000379:methods*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014175:Translating; D014177:Translations
hospitals; missed nursing care; psychometrics; translations