Brain functional connectivity changes in children that differ in impulsivity temperamental trait.
Impulsivity is a core personality trait forming part of normal behavior and contributing to adaptive functioning. However, in typically developing children, altered patterns of impulsivity constitute a risk factor for the development of behavioral problems. Since both pathological and non-pathological states are commonly characterized by continuous transitions, we used a correlative approach to investigate the potential link between personality and brain dynamics. We related brain functional connectivity of typically developing children, measured with magnetic resonance imaging at rest, with their impulsivity scores obtained from a questionnaire completed by their parents. We first looked for areas within the default mode network (DMN) whose functional connectivity might be modulated by trait impulsivity. Then, we calculated the functional connectivity among these regions and the rest of the brain in order to assess if impulsivity trait altered their relationships. We found two DMN clusters located at the posterior cingulate cortex and the right angular gyrus which were negatively correlated with impulsivity scores. The whole-brain correlation analysis revealed the classic network of correlating and anti-correlating areas with respect to the DMN. The impulsivity trait modulated such pattern showing that the canonical anti-phasic relation between DMN and action-related network was reduced in high impulsive children. These results represent the first evidence that the impulsivity, measured as personality trait assessed through parents' report, exerts a modulatory influence over the functional connectivity of resting state brain networks in typically developing children. The present study goes further to connect developmental approaches, mainly based on data collected through the use of questionnaires, and behavioral neuroscience, interested in how differences in brain structure and functions reflect in differences in behavior.
Basque Center for Cognition, Brain and Language San Sebastián, Spain.
Alberto
A
Inuggi
Neuroimage Department, CITA-Alzheimer Foundation San Sebastian, Spain ; Radiology and Image Analysis Centre, VU Medical Centre Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Ernesto
E
Sanz-Arigita
Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación, University of Murcia Murcia, Spain.
Carmen
C
González-Salinas
Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación, University of Murcia Murcia, Spain.
Ana V
AV
Valero-García
Servicio de Radiología, Hospital Morales Meseguer Murcia, Spain.
Jose M
JM
García-Santos
Departamento de Psicología Básica y Metodología, University of Murcia Murcia, Spain ; Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia Murcia, Spain.
Luis J
LJ
Fuentes
MRI; default mode network; functional connectivity; impulsivity trait; rs-MRI