Physical activity offsets the negative effects of a high-fructose diet.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to determine the interaction between a high-fructose diet and PA levels on postprandial lipidemia and inflammation in normal-weight, recreationally active individuals.


METHODS
Twenty-two men and women (age, 21.2 ± 0.6 yr; body mass index, 22.5 ± 0.6 kg · m(-2)) consumed an additional 75 g of fructose for 14 d on two separate occasions: high physical activity (PA) (approximately 12,500 steps per day) (FR+active) and low PA (approximately 4500 steps per day) (FR+inactive). A fructose-rich test meal was given before and at the end of each intervention. Blood was sampled at baseline and for 6 h after the meal for triglycerides (TG), VLDL, total cholesterol, glucose, insulin, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin 6, and C-reactive protein.


RESULTS
Log-transformed TG area under the curve (AUC) significantly increased from before (10.1 ± 0.1 mg · dL(-1) × min for 6 h) to after (10.3 ± 0.08 mg · dL(-1) × min for 6 h, P = 0.04) the FR+inactive intervention, with an 88% increase in Δ peak TG (P = 0.009) and an 84% increase in Δ peak VLDL (P = 0.002). Δ Peak interleukin 6 also increased by 116% after the FR+inactive intervention (P = 0.009). Insulin total AUC significantly decreased after FR+active intervention (P = 0.04), with no change in AUC after the FR+inactive intervention. No changes were observed in glucose, tumor necrosis factor-α, and C-reactive protein concentrations (P > 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Low PA during a period of high fructose intake augments fructose-induced postprandial lipidemia and inflammation, whereas high PA minimizes these fructose-induced metabolic disturbances. Even within a young healthy population, maintenance of high PA (>12,500 steps per day) decreases susceptibility to cardiovascular risk factors associated with elevated fructose consumption.
1Department of Exercise Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY; 2Department of Health Promotion and Wellness, State University of New York at Oswego, Oswego, NY; 3School of Psychology and Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, AUSTRALIA; 4Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, California State University, Long Beach, CA; and 5Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO.
Amy J
AJ
Bidwell
Timothy J
TJ
Fairchild
Jessica
J
Redmond
Long
L
Wang
Stefan
S
Keslacy
Jill A
JA
Kanaley
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D015243:Cholesterol, VLDL / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004032:Diet; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D019518:Postprandial Period; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
D001786:Blood Glucose; D015243:Cholesterol, VLDL; D007328:Insulin; D015850:Interleukin-6; D013549:Sweetening Agents; D014280:Triglycerides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D005632:Fructose; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D002784:Cholesterol