Materials for stem cell factories of the future.
Polymeric substrates are being identified that could permit translation of human pluripotent stem cells from laboratory-based research to industrial-scale biomedicine. Well-defined materials are required to allow cell banking and to provide the raw material for reproducible differentiation into lineages for large-scale drug-screening programs and clinical use. Yet more than 1 billion cells for each patient are needed to replace losses during heart attack, multiple sclerosis and diabetes. Producing this number of cells is challenging, and a rethink of the current predominant cell-derived substrates is needed to provide technology that can be scaled to meet the needs of millions of patients a year. In this Review, we consider the role of materials discovery, an emerging area of materials chemistry that is in large part driven by the challenges posed by biologists to materials scientists.
1] Laboratory of Biophysics and Surface Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK [2] Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Adam D
AD
Celiz
Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering and Modelling, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
James G W
JG
Smith
David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Robert
R
Langer
David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Daniel G
DG
Anderson
1] CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Bag 10, Clayton South MDC 3169, Australia [2] Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 399 Royal Parade, Parkville 3052, Australia.
David A
DA
Winkler
School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
David A
DA
Barrett
Laboratory of Biophysics and Surface Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
Martyn C
MC
Davies
Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering and Modelling, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
Lorraine E
LE
Young
Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering and Modelling, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
Chris
C
Denning
Laboratory of Biophysics and Surface Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
Morgan R
MR
Alexander
D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism
D001672:Biocompatible Materials