Chromosome aberrations identified by cytogenetic analysis of the first two clones of cultured amniotic fluid cells compared with QF-PCR results.
We report on our experience of studying amniotic fluid cells by cytogenetic analysis (CA) of the first 2 clones. We investigated the incidence and types of chromosome aberrations detected by CA of 196 amniocenteses performed on pregnant women at high risk. Of these cases, 178 were analysed by QF-PCR (risk group A). The results were compared with the data obtained by CA of 1,263 amniocenteses carried out in patients with other indications. QF-PCR was used to investigate 1,030 of these cases (risk group B). The combined average turnaround time for a CA result of the first 2 clones in both risk groups was within 9 ± 2 days. The final CA results (≥6 clones) were obtained within 12 ± 4 days. In risk group A, CA was not possible in 2 cases due to cell culture failure. The foetal karyotype was abnormal in 13.8% of the cases by CA of ≥6 clones and in 13.5% of the cases by QF-PCR. Together, CA of ≥6 clones and QF-PCR detected chromosome aberrations in 14.8% of the cases. With the exception of 2 cases of in vitro culture failure and 1 case with low gonosomal mosaicism, CA of the first 2 clones detected all cases with chromosome aberrations. Five cases with clinically significant chromosome aberrations were not detected by QF-PCR. In risk group B, the foetal karyotype was found to be abnormal in 2.2% of the cases by CA of ≥6 clones and in 1.0% of the cases by QF-PCR. Together, CA of ≥6 clones and QF-PCR revealed chromosome aberrations in 2.2% of the cases. With the exception of 1 case with low gonosomal mosaicism, CA of the first 2 clones detected all other cases with chromosome aberrations. The majority of these cases were inherited chromosome aberrations. Eighteen cases with chromosome aberrations were not detected by QF-PCR. Based on our results, CA of ≥6 clones, together with QF-PCR as a first test, should be performed in all prenatal cases with abnormal ultrasound findings. In pregnancies with other indications, CA of the first 2 clones alone is sufficient to identify all clinically significant (and inherited) chromosome aberrations.
Humangenetik, Labor Lademannbogen, Hamburg, Germany.
Jutta
J
Jenderny
Winfried
W
Schmidt
Lothar
L
Kochhan
D000649:Amniocentesis; D000653:Amniotic Fluid / Q000166:cytology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D025063:Chromosome Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D020732:Cytogenetic Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D059785:Karyotype; D007621:Karyotyping; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000379:methods*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction