The interplay between bacillus Calmette-Guérin and Treg cells and its role to prevent or cure inflammatory diseases.
Clinical evidence indicates that Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination exerts anti-inflammatory effects in diseases such as asthma, multiple sclerosis or Type 1 diabetes. Although the exact mechanisms for this activity remain debated, the capacity of mycobacteria to induce regulatory T cells (Tregs) in vivo has been widely reported. However, adverse events associated with live BCG prevent its repeated use, especially in immunocompromised individuals. This article reviews the preclinical data showing a potent, systemic and long-term anti-inflammatory effect in animal models of allergic asthma, inflammatory bowel disease and atherosclerosis with a preparation of BCG inactivated by Extended Freeze-Drying (EFD BCG). It also presents the characteristics of EFD BCG-induced Tregs which play a crucial role in the immunomodulation of various inflammatory diseases. Finally, it compares EFD BCG with other approaches based on the therapeutic use of Tregs in humans.
Tolerys, Rue de l'horloge 12, Buchillon 1164, Switzerland.
Micheline
M
Lagranderie
Pierre-Marie
PM
Guyonvarc'h
D000818:Animals; D001249:Asthma / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D009163:Mycobacterium bovis / Q000276:immunology*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology
bacillus calmette-guérin; extended-freeze-drying; foxp3 tregs; immunotherapy; inflammatory diseases