Disease or no disease? Disagreement on diagnoses between self-reports and medical records of adult patients.
BACKGROUND
Previous studies reported moderate to good agreement between patients' self-reported diseases and physicians' registered diseases. Disagreement might hamper a good doctor-patient relationship and hamper good quality of care. Disagreement can be associated with demographic and psychosocial patient characteristics.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the level of agreement on reported chronic diseases between patients and their general practitioners (GPs); to assess whether disagreement relates to patient characteristics.


METHODS
This study is embedded in a large GP based prospective cohort. Questionnaires of 2893 patients reporting on 14 chronic diseases are used. The agreement (percentage) between self-reported chronic diseases and the medical records was assessed first by descriptive statistics. To control for agreement by chance alone Cohen's kappa value was calculated. Type of (dis) agreement was further evaluated and associated with patient characteristics.


RESULTS
Despite high agreement on diseases between patients and GPs, kappa's varied from 0.17 (inflammatory joint diseases and rheumatoid arthritis) to 0.86 (diabetes mellitus). Most often under-reporting and over-reporting was related to a decreased physical and mental quality of life and higher age.


CONCLUSIONS
kappa values between patients and GPs appeared to be low in this study.
Maastricht University, School Caphri, Department Family Medicine , Maastricht , The Netherlands.
Marjan
M
van den Akker
Ben
B
van Steenkiste
Eefke
E
Krutwagen
Job F M
JF
Metsemakers
D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D057286:Electronic Health Records; D005260:Female; D058006:General Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D011446:Prospective Studies; D057566:Self Report / Q000592:standards*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
General practice; medical records; self-reported disease