Possible involvement of food texture in insulin resistance and energy metabolism in male rats.
Food texture is known to affect energy metabolism. Although feeding with soft pellets (SP) or via a tube is known to cause increases in body weight, it is unclear how different food textures influence energy metabolism. In this study, we investigated the effects of two different food textures on energy balance and glucose and lipid metabolism in male Wistar rats. The rats were fed SP or control pellets (CP) on a 3-h restricted feeding schedule for 14 weeks and their energy intake, body weight, and energy expenditure were examined. The levels of gastrointestinal hormones, glucose and insulin, were investigated at pre-, mid, and post-feeding. Glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance tests were conducted, and the expressions of molecules involved in the insulin signaling system or lipogenesis in the liver were examined. Histological investigation of pancreatic islets was carried out using anti-insulin and anti-Ki-67 antibodies. Furthermore, the expression in the liver and circulating blood of microRNA-33 (miR-33), which regulates insulin receptor substance 2, was examined. There were no significant differences in energy intake, body weight, or gastrointestinal hormone levels between the SP and CP rats; however, the SP rats showed glucose intolerance and insulin resistance with disruption of insulin signaling. Increases in lipogenic factors and miR-33 expression were also found in the SP rats. The numbers of insulin-positive areas and Ki-67-positive cells of SP rats were significantly increased. This study shows that a soft food texture causes diabetes without obesity, so differences in food texture may be an important factor in type 2 diabetes.
Frontier Science Research CenterUniversity of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, JapanDepartment of Food Science and Human NutritionObesity Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, KoreaFaculty of Food Science and NutritionBeppu University, Oita 874-8501, JapanFrontier Science Research CenterUniversity of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, JapanDepartment of Food Science and Human NutritionObesity Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, KoreaFaculty of Food Science and NutritionBeppu University, Oita 874-8501, Japan.
Cho-Rong
CR
Bae
Frontier Science Research CenterUniversity of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, JapanDepartment of Food Science and Human NutritionObesity Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, KoreaFaculty of Food Science and NutritionBeppu University, Oita 874-8501, Japan.
Kazuya
K
Hasegawa
Frontier Science Research CenterUniversity of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, JapanDepartment of Food Science and Human NutritionObesity Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, KoreaFaculty of Food Science and NutritionBeppu University, Oita 874-8501, Japan.
Sayaka
S
Akieda-Asai
Frontier Science Research CenterUniversity of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, JapanDepartment of Food Science and Human NutritionObesity Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, KoreaFaculty of Food Science and NutritionBeppu University, Oita 874-8501, Japan.
Yurie
Y
Kawasaki
Frontier Science Research CenterUniversity of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, JapanDepartment of Food Science and Human NutritionObesity Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, KoreaFaculty of Food Science and NutritionBeppu University, Oita 874-8501, JapanFrontier Science Research CenterUniversity of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, JapanDepartment of Food Science and Human NutritionObesity Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, KoreaFaculty of Food Science and NutritionBeppu University, Oita 874-8501, Japan.
Kazuyo
K
Senba
Frontier Science Research CenterUniversity of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, JapanDepartment of Food Science and Human NutritionObesity Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, KoreaFaculty of Food Science and NutritionBeppu University, Oita 874-8501, Japan.
Youn-Soo
YS
Cha
Frontier Science Research CenterUniversity of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, JapanDepartment of Food Science and Human NutritionObesity Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, KoreaFaculty of Food Science and NutritionBeppu University, Oita 874-8501, Japan dateyuka@med.miyazaki-u.ac.jp.
Yukari
Y
Date
D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005502:Food; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; C580642:MIRN33 microRNA, rat; D035683:MicroRNAs; D014280:Triglycerides
food texture; glucose metabolism; insulin resistance; lipogenesis; β-cell