Comparison of nickel oxide and palladium nanoparticle loaded on activated carbon for efficient removal of methylene blue: kinetic and isotherm studies of removal process.
Palladium nanoparticles (Pd-NPs) and nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO-NPs) were synthesized and loaded on activated carbon (AC). This novel material successfully used for the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous medium. Full characterization of both material using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer-Emmet-Teller analyses for Pd-NP show their high surface area (>1340 m(2)/g) and low pore size (<20 Å) and average particle size lower than 45 Å and for NiO-NP show their high surface area (>1316.1554 m(2)/g) and low pore size (<20 Å) and average particle size lower than 46 Å in addition to high reactive atom and presence of various functional groups. These unique properties make them possible for efficient removal of MB. In batch experimental set-up, optimum conditions for maximum removal of MB by both adsorbents were attained following searching effect of variables such as central composite design. The Langmuir isotherm was found to be highly recommended for fitting the experimental equilibrium data. The kinetic of adsorption of MB on both adsorbents strongly can be fitted by a combination of pseudo-second order and intraparticle diffusion pathway. The experimental result achieved in this article shows the superiority of Pd-NP-AC for MB removal than NiO-NP-AC, so the maximum adsorption capacities of Pd-NP-AC and NiO-NP-AC were 555.5 mg/g and 588.2 mg/g, respectively.
Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Firouzabad Branch, Firouzabad, Islamic Republic of Iran.
S
S
Arabzadeh
Department of Chemistry, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Islamic Republic of Iran m_ghaedi@mail.yu.ac.ir.
M
M
Ghaedi
Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Gachsaran Branch, Gachsaran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
A
A
Ansari
Department of Physics, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Islamic Republic of Iran.
F
F
Taghizadeh
Department of Chemistry, Semnan University, Semnan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
M
M
Rajabi
D000327:Adsorption; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008751:Methylene Blue / Q000737:chemistry; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry*; D010165:Palladium / Q000737:chemistry*; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry
D004396:Coloring Agents; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D010165:Palladium; D002244:Carbon; D009532:Nickel; C028007:nickel monoxide; D008751:Methylene Blue
Palladium nanoparticles; activated carbon; isotherm; kinetic models; methylene blue; nickel oxide nanoparticles