Ovarian morphology and prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in Japanese women with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
OBJECTIVE
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disorder including polycystic ovary morphology (PCOM), ovulatory dysfunction and hyperandrogenism. PCOS is frequently associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus; however, it is unknown whether PCOM and PCOS are prevalent in Japanese patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The purpose of our study was to determine the frequency of PCOM and PCOS in women with type 1 diabetes mellitus.


METHODS
We evaluated clinical, hormonal and ovarian ultrasound data from 21 type 1 diabetes mellitus patients whose average glycated hemoglobin levels were 7.9 ± 1.5%.


RESULTS
Ultrasound identified PCOM in 11 patients (52.4%) and these patients also had higher levels of the androgen dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) than those without PCOM (P < 0.05). Of the patients with PCOM, five presented menstrual irregularities (45.5%) and three met the Japanese criteria for PCOS (27.2%); whereas all patients without PCOM had a normal menstrual cycle (P < 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Japanese premenopausal women with type 1 diabetes mellitus had a high frequency of PCOM as well as PCOS. This is the first research of this area carried out in an Asian population.
Department of Medicine II Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Sapporo Japan.
Arina
A
Miyoshi
Department of Medicine II Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Sapporo Japan.
So
S
Nagai
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Sapporo Japan.
Masamitsu
M
Takeda
Department of Medicine II Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Sapporo Japan.
Takuma
T
Kondo
Department of Medicine II Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Sapporo Japan.
Hiroshi
H
Nomoto
Department of Medicine II Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Sapporo Japan.
Hiraku
H
Kameda
Department of Medicine II Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Sapporo Japan.
Amiko
A
Hirai
Department of Medicine II Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Sapporo Japan.
Kyuyong
K
Cho
Department of Medicine II Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Sapporo Japan.
Kimihiko
K
Kimachi
Department of Medicine II Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Sapporo Japan.
Chikara
C
Shimizu
Department of Medicine II Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Sapporo Japan.
Tatsuya
T
Atsumi
Department of Medicine II Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Sapporo Japan.
Hideaki
H
Miyoshi
Irregular menstrual cycles; Polycystic ovary syndrome; Type 1 diabetes mellitus