Use of a moss biomonitoring method to compile emission inventories for small-scale industries.
We used a method of detecting small-scale pollution sources (DSSP) that involves measurement of the concentrations of elements in moss tissues, with the following aims: (i) to determine any common qualitative patterns of contaminant emissions for individual industrial sectors, (ii) to compare any such patterns with previously described patterns, and (iii) to compile an inventory of the metals and metalloids emitted by the industries considered. Cluster analysis revealed that there were no common patterns of emission associated with the industrial sectors, probably because of differences in production processes and in the types of fuel and raw materials. However, when these variables were shared by different factories, the concentrations of the elements in moss tissues enabled the factories to be grouped according to their emissions. We compiled a list of the metals and metalloids emitted by the factories under study and found that the DSSP method was satisfactory for this purpose in most cases (53 of 56). The method appears to be a useful tool for compiling contaminant inventories; it may also be useful for determining the efficacy of technical improvements aimed at reducing the industrial emission of contaminants and could be incorporated in environmental monitoring and control programmes.
Área de Ecología, Departamento de Biología Celular y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, University Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain. Electronic address: zulema.varela@usc.es.
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Varela
Área de Ecología, Departamento de Biología Celular y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, University Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Aboal
Área de Ecología, Departamento de Biología Celular y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, University Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Carballeira
Área de Ecología, Departamento de Biología Celular y Ecología, Escuela Politécnica Superior, University Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
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Real
Área de Ecología, Departamento de Biología Celular y Ecología, Escuela Politécnica Superior, University Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
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Fernández
D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D001151:Arsenic / Q000032:analysis*; D044002:Bryophyta / Q000737:chemistry*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D007221:Industry; D008670:Metals / Q000032:analysis*; D013030:Spain
D000393:Air Pollutants; D008670:Metals; D001151:Arsenic
Air quality; Cluster analysis; Metals; Pseudoscleropodium purum