Reinitiation enhances reliable transcriptional responses in eukaryotes.
Gene transcription is a noisy process carried out by the transcription machinery recruited to the promoter. Noise reduction is a fundamental requirement for reliable transcriptional responses which in turn are crucial for signal transduction. Compared with the relatively simple transcription initiation in prokaryotes, eukaryotic transcription is more complex partially owing to its additional reinitiation mechanism. By theoretical analysis, we showed that reinitiation reduces noise in eukaryotic transcription independent of the transcription level. Besides, a higher reinitiation rate enables a stable scaffold complex an advantage in noise reduction. Finally, we showed that the coupling between scaffold formation and transcription can further reduce transcription noise independent of the transcription level. Furthermore, compared with the reinitiation mechanism, the noise reduction effect of the coupling can be of more significance in the case that the transcription level is low and the intrinsic noise dominates. Our results uncover a mechanistic route which eukaryotes may use to facilitate a more reliable response in the noisy transcription process.
FIRST, Aihara Innovative Mathematical Modelling Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Image Understanding of Ministry of Education of China, Xidian University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
Bo
B
Liu
FIRST, Aihara Innovative Mathematical Modelling Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan School of Mathematics and Computational Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
Zhanjiang
Z
Yuan
FIRST, Aihara Innovative Mathematical Modelling Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan aihara@sat.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
Kazuyuki
K
Aihara
FIRST, Aihara Innovative Mathematical Modelling Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China lnchen@sibs.ac.cn.
Luonan
L
Chen
D000818:Animals; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005057:Eukaryotic Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008957:Models, Genetic; D015233:Models, Statistical; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D061785:Transcription Initiation, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000235:genetics*
D014157:Transcription Factors
eukaryotic transcription; gene transcription; noise analysis; transcription reinitiation