Surveying Indian gay men for coping skills and HIV testing patterns using the internet.
BACKGROUND
Surveying vulnerable and incarcerated populations is often challenging. Newer methods to reach and collect sensitive information in a safe, secure, and valid manner can go a long way in addressing this unmet need. Homosexual men in India live with inadequate social support, marginalization, and lack legal recognition. These make them less reachable by public health agencies, and make them more likely to continue with high-risk behaviors, and contract human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).


OBJECTIVE
To understand coping skills and HIV testing patterns of homosexual men versus heterosexual men.


METHODS
An internet based study using a secure web platform and an anonymised questionnaire. The brief COPE Inventory was used to assess coping styles.


RESULTS
A total of 124 respondents were studied. Homosexual men used negative coping skills such as behavioral disengagement and tested for HIV significantly more often than heterosexual men. Heterosexual respondents used positive coping skills more often. The most commonly used coping skill by heterosexual men was instrumental coping and by homosexual men was acceptance.


CONCLUSIONS
Overall, homosexual men used negative coping mechanisms, like behavioral disengagement more often. The Indian family structure and social support is probably responsible for heterosexual men's over-reliance on instrumental coping, while resulting in disengagement in homosexuals.


CONCLUSIONS
The lack of legal and social recognition of homosexuality has negatively impacted lives of gay men in India. This is strongly linked to harmful psychological and public health implications for HIV prevention and mental health for homosexual men.
Center for Connected Health, Partners Health Care and Massachusetts General Hospital; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
K S
KS
Jethwani
S V
SV
Mishra
P S
PS
Jethwani
N S
NS
Sawant
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D015438:Health Behavior; D006306:Health Surveys; D020010:Heterosexuality / Q000523:psychology*; D018451:Homosexuality, Male / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D020407:Internet; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012944:Social Support; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult