Cell attachment and proliferation of bone marrow-derived osteoblast on zirconia of various surface treatment.
OBJECTIVE
This study was performed to characterize the effects of zirconia coated with calcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite compared to smooth zirconia after bone marrow-derived osteoblast culture.


METHODS
Bone marrow-derived osteoblasts were cultured on (1) smooth zirconia, (2) zirconia coated with calcium phosphate (CaP), and (3) zirconia coated with hydroxyapatite (HA). The tetrazolium-based colorimetric assay (MTT test) was used for cell proliferation evaluation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was measured to evaluate the cellular morphology and differentiation rate. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was employed for the analysis of surface chemistry. The genetic expression of the osteoblasts and dissolution behavior of the coatings were observed. Assessment of the significance level of the differences between the groups was done with analysis of variance (ANOVA).


RESULTS
From the MTT assay, no significant difference between smooth and surface coated zirconia was found (P>.05). From the SEM image, cells on all three groups of discs were sporadically triangular or spread out in shape with formation of filopodia. From the ALP activity assay, the optical density of osteoblasts on smooth zirconia discs was higher than that on surface treated zirconia discs (P>.05). Most of the genes related to cell adhesion showed similar expression level between smooth and surface treated zirconia. The dissolution rate was higher with CaP than HA coating.


CONCLUSIONS
The attachment and growth behavior of bone-marrow-derived osteoblasts cultured on smooth surface coated zirconia showed comparable results. However, the HA coating showed more time-dependent stability compared to the CaP coating.
Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Ahran
A
Pae
Department of Oral Anatomy, Dental School, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Wonju, Republic of Korea.
Heesu
H
Lee
Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Kwantae
K
Noh
Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Yi-Hyung
YH
Woo
Aerosol deposition; Bone marrow-derived osteoblasts; Calcium phosphate; Ion beam assisted deposition; Zirconia