Isolation and biological activity of compounds from Garcinia preussii.
BACKGROUND
Plants of the genus Garcinia (Clusiaceae) are traditionally used to relieve stomachaches, toothaches, and as a chew stick.


OBJECTIVE
In order to determine which compounds were responsible for these activities, a phytochemical investigation of the fruits and leaves of Garcinia preussii Engl. was pursued.


METHODS
Plants were extracted by solvents of various polarities. Compounds isolation was then carried out using chromatography methods (medium- and high-pressure liquid chromatography, open column and thin-layer chromatography). The isolated compounds were identified and characterized by using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopies. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH(•), ABTS(•-), ALP, and ORAC assays. The antimicrobial activity was assayed against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value. The cytotoxic activity of most of the isolated compounds was evaluated on a small panel of human cancer cell lines (DU145, HeLa, HT-29, and A431) using the XTT method.


RESULTS
The phytochemical investigation of G. preussii led to the isolation of eight known compounds, six benzophenones and two flavonoids. These compounds were tested for their biological activities. 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 and 8 demonstrated a high free radical scavenging activity with ER50 ranging from 0.1 to 0.7. The antimicrobial activity was shown only against Gram-positive bacteria for 1, 4, and 5. A moderate cytotoxic activity with IC50 ranging from 7 to 50 µM was observed, except for 6 which was not active.


CONCLUSIONS
These results appear to support some of the properties reported for Garcinia species.
Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Yaoundé I , Yaoundé , Cameroon .
Bernadette
B
Biloa Messi
Raimana
R
Ho
Alain
A
Meli Lannang
Delphine
D
Cressend
Karl
K
Perron
Augustin Ephrem
AE
Nkengfack
Pierre-Alain
PA
Carrupt
Kurt
K
Hostettmann
Muriel
M
Cuendet
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D005638:Fruit; D029760:Garcinia; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018515:Plant Leaves; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts
Antimicrobial; Clusiaceae; antioxidant; benzophenones; cytotoxicity