Selenium promotes adipogenic determination and differentiation of chicken embryonic fibroblasts with regulation of genes involved in fatty acid uptake, triacylglycerol synthesis and lipolysis.
Selenium (Se) has been utilized in the differentiation of primary pig and rat preadipocytes, indicating that it may have proadipogenic potential; however, some studies have also demonstrated that Se has antiadipogenic activity. In this study, chicken embryonic fibroblasts (CEFs) were used to investigate the role of Se in adipogenesis in vitro and in ovo. Se supplementation increased lipid droplet accumulation and inhibited proliferation of cultured CEFs isolated from 6-day-old embryos dose-dependently. This suggests that Se may play a role in cell cycle inhibition, thereby promoting the differentiation of fibroblasts to adipocytes. Se did not stimulate adipogenic differentiation of CEFs isolated from 9- to 12-day-old embryos, implying a permissive stage of adipogenic determination by Se at earlier embryonic ages. Microarray analysis comparing control and Se treatments on CEFs from 6-day-old embryos and confirmatory analysis by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that genes involved in adipocyte determination and differentiation, fatty acid uptake and triacylglycerol synthesis were up-regulated. In addition, up-regulation of an anti-lipolytic G0/G1 switch gene 2 and down-regulation of a prolipolytic monoglyceride lipase may lead to inhibition of lipolysis by Se. Both osteogenic and myogenic genes were down-regulated, and several genes related to oxidative stress response during adipogenesis were up-regulated. In ovo injection of Se at embryonic day 8 increased adipose tissue mass by 30% and caused adipocyte hypertrophy in 17-day-old chicken embryos, further supporting the proadipogenic role of Se during the embryonic development of chickens. These results suggest that Se plays a significant role in several mechanisms related to adipogenesis.
Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210.
Aishlin
A
Hassan
Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210; The Ohio State University Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210.
Jinsoo
J
Ahn
Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210.
Yeunsu
Y
Suh
Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210.
Young Min
YM
Choi
Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210.
Paula
P
Chen
Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210; The Ohio State University Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210. Electronic address: lee.2626@osu.edu.
Kichoon
K
Lee
D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D048429:Cell Size / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002642:Chick Embryo; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000187:drug effects; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks / Q000187:drug effects; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D008066:Lipolysis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D032446:Myoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D012643:Selenium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
D005227:Fatty Acids; D014280:Triglycerides; D012643:Selenium
Adipogenesis; Chicken embryonic fibroblasts; Embryonic adipose tissue; Microarray; Selenium