Polarizing the T helper 17 response in Citrobacter rodentium infection via expression of resistin-like molecule α.
Citrobacter rodentium infection is a murine model of pathogenic Escherichia coli infection that allows investigation of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in host-protective immunity and bacterial-induced intestinal inflammation. We recently demonstrated that following C. rodentium infection, the absence of Resistin-Like Molecule (RELM) α resulted in attenuated Th17 cell responses and reduced intestinal inflammation with minimal effects on bacterial clearance. In this addendum, we investigated the cytokine modulatory effects of RELMα and RELMα expression in the intestinal mucosa following C. rodentium infection. We show that in addition to promoting Th17 cytokine responses, RELMα inhibits Th2 cytokine expression and Th2-cytokine effector macrophage responses in the C. rodentium-infected colons. Second, utilizing reporter C. rodentium, we examined RELMα expression and macrophage recruitment at the host pathogen interface. We observed infection-induced macrophage infiltration and RELMα expression by intestinal epithelial cells. The influence of infection-induced RELMα on macrophage recruitment in the intestine is discussed.
Division of Biomedical Sciences; School of Medicine; University of California Riverside; Riverside, CA USA.
Gang
G
Chen
Division of Biomedical Sciences; School of Medicine; University of California Riverside; Riverside, CA USA.
Alexander J
AJ
Chan
Division of Biomedical Sciences; School of Medicine; University of California Riverside; Riverside, CA USA.
Josiah I
JI
Chung
Division of Biomedical Sciences; School of Medicine; University of California Riverside; Riverside, CA USA.
Jessica C
JC
Jang
Institute of Immunology; Department of Microbiology; Perelman School of Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA USA.
Lisa C
LC
Osborne
Division of Biomedical Sciences; School of Medicine; University of California Riverside; Riverside, CA USA.
Meera G
MG
Nair
D000818:Animals; D044082:Citrobacter rodentium / Q000276:immunology*; D003106:Colon / Q000473:pathology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000276:immunology*
D016207:Cytokines; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C413576:Retnla protein, mouse
Citrobacter; T helper 17; T helper 2; infection; inflammation; macrophage; resistin-like molecule α