Prevalences of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy are lower in Korean type 2 diabetic patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
OBJECTIVE
The associations between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic vascular complications of type 2 diabetes remain uncertain. We assessed the relationships between NAFLD and chronic vascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes.


METHODS
Patients with type 2 diabetes (n = 929) attending a diabetes clinic of a university hospital were studied retrospectively. Patients who had any clinical evidence of cirrhosis or other causes of chronic liver disease were excluded. Prevalences of chronic microvascular and macrovascular complications were assessed. NAFLD was ascertained by ultrasonography.


RESULTS
The prevalence of NAFLD in patients with type 2 diabetes was 63.3%. The prevalences of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy were significantly lower in patients with NAFLD than those without NAFLD (33.0 vs 70.2%, P < 0.001; 29.3 vs 37.1%, P = 0.007, respectively), whereas no difference was found in the prevalence of diabetic neuropathy. The prevalence of diabetic macrovascular complications was lower in type 2 diabetic patients with NAFLD than those without NAFLD (9.2 vs 14.7%, P = 0.008). After adjustment for confounding factors, such as age, sex, glycated hemoglobin, fasting serum C-peptide, diabetic duration, body mass index and hypertension, NAFLD remained significantly associated with a lower odds ratio (OR) of diabetic retinopathy (OR 0.440, 95% confidence interval 0.255-0.757, P = 0.003) and nephropathy, (OR 0.541, 95% confidence interval 0.358-0.817, P = 0.003). In contrast, NAFLD was not significantly associated with macrovascular complications after adjustment for confounding factors.


CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that NAFLD is inversely associated with prevalences of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes.
Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism Department of Internal Medicine College of Medicine Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital Bucheon Korea.
Bo-Yeon
BY
Kim
Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism Department of Internal Medicine College of Medicine Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital Bucheon Korea.
Chan-Hee
CH
Jung
Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism Department of Internal Medicine College of Medicine Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital Bucheon Korea.
Ji-Oh
JO
Mok
Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism Department of Internal Medicine College of Medicine Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital Bucheon Korea.
Sung Koo
SK
Kang
Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism Department of Internal Medicine College of Medicine Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital Bucheon Korea.
Chul-Hee
CH
Kim
Diabetes mellitus type 2; Diabetic angiopathies; Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease