Sleep and Alzheimer's disease.
Sleep disorders are frequent in Alzheimer's disease (AD), with a significant impact on patients and caregivers and a major risk factor for early institutionalization. Micro-architectural sleep alterations, nocturnal sleep fragmentation, decrease in nocturnal sleep duration, diurnal napping and even inversion of the sleep-wake cycle are the main disorders observed in patients with AD. Experimental and epidemiological evidence for a close reciprocal interaction between cognitive decline and sleep alterations is growing. Management of sleep disorders in AD is pre-eminently behavioral. Association of melatonin and bright light treatment seems to be promising as well. The presence of sleep complaints, especially excessive somnolence in demented patients, should draw attention to possible associated sleep pathologies such as sleep apnea syndrome or restless legs syndrome.
Service de Neurologie-sommeil, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, 165 Chemin du Grand Revoyet, 69310 Pierre-Benite, France; Intégration centrale de la douleur chez l'homme, Centre de recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5292, INSERM U 1028, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France. Electronic address: laure.peter@wanadoo.fr.
Laure
L
Peter-Derex
Centre Hospitalier du Nord, Liban-Nord, Jdeidet Zgharta, B.P.100, Lebanon.
Pierre
P
Yammine
Intégration centrale de la douleur chez l'homme, Centre de recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5292, INSERM U 1028, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France; Unité d'hypnologie, Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles Neurologiques, Hôpital Neurologique, Centre Hospitalier Est, 59, Boulevard Pinel, 69677 Bron Cedex, France.
Hélène
H
Bastuji
Service de neuropsychologie, Centre mémoire de ressources et de recherche de Lyon, Hôpital Neurologique, 59, Boulevard Pinel, 69677 Bron Cedex, France.
Bernard
B
Croisile
D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D015897:Comorbidity; D006801:Humans; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012894:Sleep Stages; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy
Alzheimer's disease; Memory; Sleep disturbance