The effects of preemptive tramadol and dexmedetomidine on shivering during arthroscopy.
BACKGROUND
Shivering, the rate of which in regional anesthesia is 39% is an undesired complication seen postoperatively.


OBJECTIVE
This study aims to compare the ability of preventing the shivering of preemptive tramadol and dexmedetomidine during the spinal anesthesia (SA).


METHODS
A total of 90 patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I-II, aged 18-60 years and undergoing elective arthroscopic surgery with SA were divided into three groups randomly. After spinal block, 100 mg tramadol in 100 ml saline was applied in group T- (n = 30) and 0.5 μg/kg dexmedetomidine in 100 ml saline was applied in group D- (n = 30) and 100 ml saline was administered in group P- (n = 30) in 10 min. The hemodynamics, oxygen saturation, tympanic temperature, shivering and sedation scores were evaluated and recorded intraoperatively and 45 min after a postoperative period.


RESULTS
In group T and D, shivering scores were significantly lower when compared with group P in the intraoperative 20(th) min (P = 0.01). Sedation scores in group D were significantly higher than the baseline values (P = 0.03) and values in group T and P (P = 0.04).


CONCLUSIONS
Preemptive tramadol and dexmedetomidine are effective in preventing the shivering under SA. In addition, dexmedetomidine was superior in increasing the level of sedation which is sufficient to prevent the anxiety without any adverse effects.
Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Gaziantep University School of Medicine, Gaziantep/Turkey.
Semsettin
S
Bozgeyik
Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Gaziantep University School of Medicine, Gaziantep/Turkey.
Ayse
A
Mizrak
Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Gaziantep University School of Medicine, Gaziantep/Turkey.
Ertuğrul
E
Kılıç
Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Gaziantep University School of Medicine, Gaziantep/Turkey.
Fatih
F
Yendi
Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Gaziantep University School of Medicine, Gaziantep/Turkey.
Berna Kaya
BK
Ugur
Arthroscopic surgery; dexmedetomine; shivering; spinal anesthesia; tramadol