Two-photon probe for Cu²⁺ with an internal reference: quantitative estimation of Cu²⁺ in human tissues by two-photon microscopy.
Copper ions play a crucial role in living systems as cofactors of numerous metalloenzymes. To quantitatively estimate the Cu(2+) concentration in human tissue, we have developed a two-photon (TP) probe with an internal reference (ACCu2) that shows significant TP action cross-section and high selectivity for Cu(2+) and can quantitatively estimate the Cu(2+) concentration in human colon tissues by dual-color two-photon microscopy (TPM) imaging with minimum interference from other competing metal ions or pH and minimum cytotoxicity and photostability problems. The Cu(2+) concentrations in human normal colon, polyp, and colon cancer tissues were found to be 8.3 ± 0.3, 13 ± 2, and 22 ± 3 μM, respectively. This result suggests that ACCu2 may be useful for the diagnosis of human colon cancer.
Department of Chemistry, Korea University , 145, Anam-ro, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Korea.
Dong Eun
DE
Kang
Chang Su
CS
Lim
Ji Yeon
JY
Kim
Eun Sun
ES
Kim
Hoon Jai
HJ
Chun
Bong Rae
BR
Cho
D000818:Animals; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D003106:Colon / Q000737:chemistry; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D051379:Mice; D036641:Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton / Q000379:methods; D051381:Rats; D012015:Reference Standards
D003300:Copper