The methanol extract of Euonymus laxiflorus, Rubia lanceolata and Gardenia jasminoides inhibits xanthine oxidase and reduce serum uric acid level in rats.
Chinese herbal medicinal plants, Euonymus laxiflorus (EL), Rubia lanceolata (RL) and Gardenia jasminoides (GJ), have been used wildly to treat arthritis and gout in Taiwan for decades. To understand the beneficial effects of these three plants, their xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity in vitro and hypouricaemic activity in vivo were investigated. Our results suggested that methanol extracts were better than water extracts for inhibition of XO activity and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, except the water extract of GJ, which exhibited the strongest radical scavenging effect. In animal study, the serum urate level was significantly decreased after oral administration of higher dose (0.39g/kg) methanol extract of the mixture of three plants (ERG). In addition, methanol extract of ERG reduced the pain reaction time in the second phase of formalin induced pain. The results provide useful information on the pharmacological activities of these plants for the potential in treating hyperuricemia.
Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
Li-Min
LM
Liu
Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy & Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung 90741, Taiwan.
Shu-Fen
SF
Cheng
Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy & Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung 90741, Taiwan.
Po-Chuen
PC
Shieh
Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
Jang-Chang
JC
Lee
Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy & Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung 90741, Taiwan.
Jih-Jung
JJ
Chen
Department of Food Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8554, USA.
Chi-Tang
CT
Ho
Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
Sheng-Chu
SC
Kuo
Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy & Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung 90741, Taiwan. Electronic address: kuo8765@yahoo.com.tw.
Daih-Huang
DH
Kuo
Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan. Electronic address: ljhuang@mail.cmu.edu.tw.
Li-Jiau
LJ
Huang
Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan. Electronic address: tdway@mail.cmu.edu.tw.
Tzong-Der
TD
Way
D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D029756:Euonymus / Q000737:chemistry*; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000009:adverse effects; D032062:Gardenia / Q000737:chemistry*; D006073:Gout / Q000188:drug therapy; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D059225:Nociception / Q000187:drug effects; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D045470:Rubia / Q000737:chemistry*; D013624:Taiwan; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood*; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*
D010936:Plant Extracts; D005557:Formaldehyde; D014527:Uric Acid; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase
Euonymus laxiflorus; Gardenia jasminoides; Gout; Rubia lanceolata; Xanthine oxidase