Preventive effects of folic acid supplementation on adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.
Although there is accumulating evidence regarding the additional protective effect of folic acid against adverse pregnancy outcomes other than neural tube defects, these effects have not been elucidated in detail. We evaluated whether folic acid supplementation is associated with favorable maternal and fetal outcomes. This was a secondary analysis of 215 pregnant women who were enrolled in our prior study. With additional data from telephone interviews regarding prenatal folic acid supplementation, existing demographic, maternal and fetal data were statistically analyzed. The concentration of folic acid in maternal blood was significantly higher following folic acid supplementation (24.6 ng/mL vs.11.8 ng/mL). In contrast, homocysteine level in maternal blood decreased with folic acid supplementation (5.5 µmol/mL vs. 6.8 µmol/mL). The rates of both preeclampsia (odds ratio [OR], 0.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.09-0.76) and small for gestational age (SGA; 9.2% vs. 20.0%; OR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.18-0.99) were lower in the folic acid supplementation group than those in the control group. Other pregnancy outcomes had no association with folic acid supplementation. The findings indicate that folic acid supplementation may help to prevent preeclampsia and SGA. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the favorable effects of folic acid supplementation on pregnancy outcomes.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Min Woo
MW
Kim
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Ki Hoon
KH
Ahn
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Ki-Jin
KJ
Ryu
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Soon-Cheol
SC
Hong
Biostatistical Consulting Unit, Soonchunhyang University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
Ji Sung
JS
Lee
Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Pharmacological Research and Applied Solutions-PharmaReasons, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Alejandro A
AA
Nava-Ocampo
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Min-Jeong
MJ
Oh
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Hai-Joong
HJ
Kim
D000328:Adult; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age; D016015:Logistic Models; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome
D005492:Folic Acid