Prevalence of piroplasms in small ruminants in North-West Tunisia and the first genetic characterisation of Babesia ovis in Africa.
In this study, the prevalence of piroplasms in sheep and goats was assessed with Giemsa-stained blood smear examination, PCR and nested PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) to identify Babesia and Theileria species, respectively, in 338 small ruminants (172 sheep and 166 goats) from three sites in North-West Tunisia during the 2011 summer season. The overall infection prevalence of piroplasms in Giemsa-stained blood smears was 3.2% (11/338), with a parasitaemia ranging from 0.01 to 0.05%. PCR detected two species, namely Babesia ovis (in sheep and goats) and Theileria ovis (in sheep), with an overall prevalence of 16.3%. The molecular prevalence of B. ovis was significantly higher in sheep than in goats (17.4% and 9%, respectively, p = 0.034). The same trend was observed for T. ovis in sheep and goats (5.8% and 0%, respectively, p = 0.004). Comparison of the partial sequences of the 18S ssu rRNA gene revealed 100% similarity amongst Babesia from sheep and goats. The single Theileria sequence in this study showed 100% similarity to T. ovis. A high similarity with all the blasted genotypes was reported for Theileria and Babesia sequences. This is the first molecular detection of B. ovis and genetic characterisation of small ruminants' piroplasms in Africa.
Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Université de la Manouba, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia.
Mohamed Ridha
MR
Rjeibi
Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Université de la Manouba, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia.
Mohamed
M
Gharbi
Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Université de la Manouba, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia.
Moez
M
Mhadhbi
Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Université de la Manouba, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia.
Wiem
W
Mabrouk
Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Université de la Manouba, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia.
Boutheïna
B
Ayari
Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Université de la Manouba, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia.
Ines
I
Nasfi
Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Université de la Manouba, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia.
Mohamed
M
Jedidi
Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Université de la Manouba, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia.
Limam
L
Sassi
International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), PO Box 950764, Amman 11195, Jordan.
Mourad
M
Rekik
Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Université de la Manouba, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia.
Mohamed Aziz
MA
Darghouth
D000818:Animals; D001096:Arachnid Vectors / Q000469:parasitology; D001403:Babesia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001404:Babesiosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D006041:Goats / Q000469:parasitology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D018512:Parasitemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D010802:Phylogeny; D015995:Prevalence; D048494:Rhipicephalus / Q000469:parasitology; D012621:Seasons; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D012756:Sheep / Q000469:parasitology; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D016794:Theileria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013801:Theileriasis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013984:Tick Infestations / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary; D014416:Tunisia / Q000453:epidemiology
D016054:DNA, Protozoan