Butanol fraction of Khaya senegalensis root modulates β-cell function and ameliorates diabetes-related biochemical parameters in a type 2 diabetes rat model.
BACKGROUND
Khaya senegalensis A. Juss (Meliaceae) is commonly exploited for the traditional treatment of diabetes mellitus in Nigeria and Togo. The present study was conducted to examine the anti-diabetic activity of Khaya senegalensis butanol fraction (KSBF) of root ethanolic extract in a type 2 diabetes (T2D) model of rats.


METHODS
T2D was induced in rats by feeding a 10% fructose solution ad libitum for two weeks followed by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg body weight) and the animals were treated with 150 and 300 mg/kg body weight (BW) of the fraction for five days in a week. Relevant diabetes-related parameters were analyzed in all experimental animals.


RESULTS
The KSBF treatment, at 300 mg/kg BW, significantly (p<0.05) reduced blood glucose level, improved oral glucose tolerance ability and β-cell function (HOMA-β), decreased insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), stimulated hepatic glycogen synthesis, ameliorated serum lipids alterations and prevented hepatic and renal damages compared to untreated diabetic rats. Additionally, the fraction insignificantly (p>0.05) improved weight gain, decreased food and fluid intake, stimulated insulin secretion and lowered serum fructosamine concentrations compared to untreated diabetic rats.


CONCLUSIONS
Data from this study suggests that orally administered KSBF, at 300 mg/kg BW, possess remarkable anti-type 2 diabetic activity and could ameliorate some diabetes-associated complications and hence can be considered as a source of potential anti-type 2 diabetic medicine.
School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban 4000, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
Mohammed Auwal
MA
Ibrahim
School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban 4000, South Africa. Electronic address: islamd@ukzn.ac.za.
Md Shahidul
MS
Islam
D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects; D000440:Butanols / Q000737:chemistry; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004326:Drinking / Q000187:drug effects; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D006003:Glycogen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D029582:Meliaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013311:Streptozocin
D001786:Blood Glucose; D000440:Butanols; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D013311:Streptozocin; D006003:Glycogen
Absolute ethanol (CID 702); African mahogany; Dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) (CID 11873); Ethyl acetate (CID 8857); Hydrogen peroxide (CID 784); Khaya senegalensis; Maltose (CID 6255); Rats; Starch (CID 439341); Streptozotocin (CID 29327); Type 2 diabetes; p-Nitrophenol (CID 980); p-Nitrophenyl-α-d-glucopyranoside (pNPG) (CID 1197369); α-Amylase; α-Amylase (E.C. 3.2.1.1); α-Glucosidase; α-Glucosidase (E.C. 3.2.1.20)