Matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the ventricular cerebrospinal fluid correlated with the prognosis of traumatic brain injury.
OBJECTIVE
Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) has been shown to be a potential biomarker for outcome prediction after neuron damage. This study investigated whether MMP-9 could be used for outcome prediction after traumatic brain injury (TBI).


METHODS
For the TBI group, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was collected at different days after surgery from 6 head injury patients who had received surgical intervention with external ventricular drainage insertion. CSF collected from non-TBI patients (N=85) diagnosed with isolated hydrocephalus by a ventricular puncture during a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt surgery was used as control.


RESULTS
The mean concentration of MMP-9 in the CSF of 85 non-TBI patients was determined to be 1.172 ± 0.859 ng/mL. We found that the CSF MMP-9 concentration from TBI patients was elevated immediately after head injury with a median of 1.926 ng/mL (range, 0.673 to 24.990). Despite an early increase in the concentration of MMP-9, levels decreased within 72 hrs and nearly reached the normal range. Nevertheless, the concentration of MMP-9 was negatively correlated with the Glasgow Coma Scale (γ = - 0.337, p = 0.013).


CONCLUSIONS
MMP-9 concentration in the CSF of TBI patients correlated with neurological outcome and may represent an early indicator for the prognosis of this condition.
China Medical University, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Taichung, Taiwan.
Chun-Lin
CL
Liu
Chun-Chang
CC
Chen
Han-Chung
HC
Lee
Der-Yang
DY
Cho
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D055815:Young Adult
D015415:Biomarkers; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9