Renal cell carcinoma in children and adolescence: our experience.
BACKGROUND
Literature on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in children is lacking. Occasional case report has been mentioned. Aims and objective of our study are to evaluate the clinical presentation and outcome in children with RCC.


METHODS
Records of 11 children and adolescence, from January 2007 to June 2011, who were treated for RCC were retrospectively analysed. Age, clinical presentation, any paraneoplastic symptom or sign, haematological, bio-chemical investigations, radiological imaging's, operative details, pathological reports and treatment details were taken from hospital records and results were analysed. All patients were followed-up with complete haemogram, biochemical investigations, ultrasonography - whole abdomen and chest X-ray at 6 months interval and patients with stages 2 and 3 were also followed-up with contrast enhanced computed tomography - whole abdomen. They were followed-up for 2-5 years.


RESULTS
All had undergone open radical nephrectomy with eight hilar lymph node dissection and three formal lymphadenectomy. None had received adjuvant therapy. Four patients with stage 1 were well at 5, 4, 2.5 and 2 years. One patient with stage 1 was lost to follow-up. Three patients with stage 2 were well at 4, 3 and 2 years of follow-up while three with stage 3 were well at 5, 4 and 2 years of follow-up.


CONCLUSIONS
Lymph node dissection not only improves the survival, but it guides one the exact pathological staging and one can adopt the more aggressive follow-up in advanced pathological staging and strict follow-up is mandatory.
Department of Urology, Institute of Kidney Disease and Research Centre, Institute of Transplant Sciences (IKDRC-ITS), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
Suresh
S
Kumar
Pramod
P
Sharma
Jittendra
J
Pratap
Punit
P
Tiwari
Malay K
MK
Bera
Anup K
AK
Kundu
D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003906:Developing Countries; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D008197:Lymph Node Excision / Q000379:methods; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods; D011379:Prognosis; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012737:Sex Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult