Analysis of usage and associated cost of external fixators at an urban level 1 trauma centre.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the usage, indication, duration, and cost associated with external fixation usage. Additionally, to show the significant cost associated with external fixator use and reinvigorate discussions on external fixator reuse.


METHODS
A retrospective review of a prospectively gathered trauma database was undertaken to identify all patients treated with external fixation frames for pelvic and lower extremity injuries between September 2007 and July 2010.


METHODS
We noted the indications for frame use, and we determined the average duration of external fixation for each indication. The cost of each frame was calculated from implant records.


RESULTS
341 lower extremity and pelvic fractures were treated with external fixation frames during the study period. Of these, 92% were used as temporary external fixation. The average duration of temporary external fixation was 10.5 days. The cost of external fixation frame components was $670,805 per year. The average cost per external fixation frame was $5900.


CONCLUSIONS
The majority of external fixators are intended as temporary frames, in place for a limited period of time prior to definitive fixation of skeletal injuries. As such, most frames are not intended to withstand physiologic loads, nor are they expected provide a precise maintenance of reduction. Given the considerable expense associated with external fixation frame components, the practice of purchasing external fixation frame components as disposable "single-use" items appears to be somewhat wasteful.


METHODS
Level II.
University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aurora, CO, United States. Electronic address: George.Chaus@ucdenver.edu.
George W
GW
Chaus
Madigan Army Medical Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ft. Lewis, WA, United States.
Chase
C
Dukes
Denver Health Medical Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Denver, CO, United States.
David J
DJ
Hak
Denver Health Medical Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Denver, CO, United States.
Cyril
C
Mauffrey
Denver Health Medical Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Denver, CO, United States.
E
E
Mark Hammerberg
D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D004209:Disposable Equipment / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016267:External Fixators / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005592:Fracture Fixation / Q000191:economics* / Q000379:methods*; D017102:Fracture Healing; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000191:economics / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007869:Leg Injuries / Q000191:economics / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014193:Trauma Centers / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
Cost; Damage control; External fixation