Gastric cancer stem cells in gastric carcinogenesis, progression, prevention and treatment.
In recent decades, the study of the mechanism of tumorigenesis has brought much progress to cancer treatment. However, cancer stem cell (CSC) theory has changed previous views of tumors, and has provided a new method for treatment of cancer. The discovery of CSCs and their characteristics have contributed to understanding the molecular mechanism of tumor genesis and development, resulting in a new effective strategy for cancer treatment. Gastric CSCs (GCSCs) are the basis for the onset of gastric cancer. They may be derived from gastric stem cells in gastric tissues, or bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. As with other stem cells, GCSCs highly express drug-resistance genes such as aldehyde dehydrogenase and multidrug resistance, which are resistant to chemotherapy and thus form the basis of drug resistance. Many specific molecular markers such as CD44 and CD133 have been used for identification and isolation of GCSCs, diagnosis and grading of gastric cancer, and research on GCSC-targeted therapy for gastric cancer. Therefore, discussion of the recent development and advancements in GCSCs will be helpful for providing novel insight into gastric cancer treatment.
Kang Li, Zeng Dan, Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, Tibet Autonomous Region, China.
Kang
K
Li
Kang Li, Zeng Dan, Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, Tibet Autonomous Region, China.
Zeng
Z
Dan
Kang Li, Zeng Dan, Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, Tibet Autonomous Region, China.
Yu-Qiang
YQ
Nie
D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D006801:Humans; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
Cancer stem cells; Cancer treatment; Drug resistance; Gastric cancer; Molecular mechanism