Methods for assessing patient-clinician communication about depression in primary care: what you see depends on how you look.
OBJECTIVE
To advance research on depression communication and treatment by comparing assessments of communication about depression from patient report, clinician report, and chart review to assessments from transcripts.


METHODS
One hundred sixty-four primary care visits from seven health care systems (2010-2011).


METHODS
Presence or absence of discussion about depressive symptoms, treatment recommendations, and follow-up was measured using patient and clinician postvisit questionnaires, chart review, and coding of audio transcripts. Sensitivity and specificity of indirect measures compared to transcripts were calculated.


RESULTS
Patient report was sensitive for mood (83 percent) and sleep (83 percent) but not suicide (55 percent). Patient report was specific for suicide (86 percent) but not for other symptoms (44-75 percent). Clinician report was sensitive for all symptoms (83-98 percent) and specific for sleep, memory, and suicide (80-87 percent), but not for other symptoms (45-48 percent). Chart review was not sensitive for symptoms (50-73 percent), but it was specific for sleep, memory, and suicide (88-96 percent). All indirect measures had low sensitivity for treatment recommendations (patient report: 24-42 percent, clinician report 38-50 percent, chart review 49-67 percent) but high specificity (89-96 percent). For definite follow-up plans, all three indirect measures were sensitive (82-96 percent) but not specific (40-57 percent).


CONCLUSIONS
Clinician report and chart review generally had the most favorable sensitivity and specificity for measuring discussion of depressive symptoms and treatment recommendations, respectively.
Division of General Medicine, Geriatrics, and Bioethics, Center for Healthcare Policy and Research, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA.
Stephen G
SG
Henry
Bo
B
Feng
Peter
P
Franks
Robert A
RA
Bell
Daniel J
DJ
Tancredi
Dustin
D
Gottfeld
Richard L
RL
Kravitz
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003142:Communication; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D008875:Middle Aged; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000379:methods; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States
Patient-clinician communication; depression; primary care; quality