Effective doses from panoramic radiography and CBCT (cone beam CT) using dose area product (DAP) in dentistry.
OBJECTIVE
We compared the effective dose from panoramic radiography with that from cone beam CT (CBCT) using dose area product under adult and child exposure conditions.


METHODS
The effective doses of the cephalo, panorama, implant and dental modes of Alphard 3030 (Asahi Roentgen Ind., Co. Ltd, Kyoto, Japan) CBCT and the Jaw, Wide, Facial and temporomandibular joint modes of Rayscan Symphony (RAY Co., Ltd, Hwaseong, Republic of Korea) CBCT were compared with those of CRANEX(®) 3+ CEPH (Soredex Orion Corporation, Helsinki, Finland) panoramic radiography equipment under adult and child exposure conditions. Each effective dose was calculated using a conversion formula from dose area product meter measured values (VacuTec Messtechnik GmbH, Dresden, Germany). The conversion formulae used were suggested by Helmrot and Alm Carlsson and Batista et al, and they were applied with the tube voltage taken into consideration.


RESULTS
The maximum effective doses from the Alphard 3030 and Rayscan Symphony were 67 and 21 times greater than that from panoramic radiography, respectively. The ratios of the effective dose under the child setting to that under the adult condition were 0.60-0.62 and 0.84-0.95, and the maximum differences in effective doses between the adult and child exposure settings were equivalent to 27 and 4 times greater than a panoramic examination in the Alphard 3030 and Rayscan Symphony, respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
The effective CBCT doses were higher than those of panoramic radiography. The differences in effective doses between the adult and child CBCT settings were dependent on equipment type and exposure parameters. Therefore, adequate mode selection and control of exposure as well as further research are necessary to minimize the effective dose to patients, especially for radiosensitive children.
1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Yonsei University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
H S
HS
Shin
K C
KC
Nam
H
H
Park
H U
HU
Choi
H Y
HY
Kim
C S
CS
Park
D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D001822:Body Burden; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D012062:Relative Biological Effectiveness; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
CBCT (cone beam CT); DAP (dose area product); ICRP; conversion factor; effective dose