ATP1A3 mutations and genotype-phenotype correlation of alternating hemiplegia of childhood in Chinese patients.
Alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC) is a rare and severe neurological disorder. ATP1A3 was recently identified as the causative gene. Here we report the first genetic study in Chinese AHC cohort. We performed whole-exome sequencing on three trios and three unrelated patients, and screened additional 41 typical cases and 100 controls by PCR-Sanger sequencing. ATP1A3 mutations were detected in 95.7% of typical AHC patients. At least 93.3% were de novo. Four late onset, atypical AHC patients were also mutation positive, suggesting the need for testing ATP1A3 mutations in atypical cases. Totally, 13 novel missense mutations (T370N, G706R, L770R, T771N, T771I, S772R, L802P, D805H, M806K, P808L, I810N, L839P and G893R) were identified in our study. By homology modeling of the mutant protein structures and calculation of an extensive list of molecular features, we identified two statistically significant molecular features, solvent accessibility and distance to metal ion, that distinguished disease-associated mutations from neutral variants. A logistic regression classifier achieved 92.9% accuracy by the average of 100 times of five-fold cross validations. Genotype-phenotype correlation analysis showed that patients with epilepsy were more likely to carry E815K mutation. In summary, ATP1A3 is the major pathogenic gene of AHC in Chinese patients; mutations have distinctive molecular features that discriminate them from neutral variants and are correlated with phenotypes.
Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Xiaoling
X
Yang
Center for Bioinformatics, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Hua
H
Gao
National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Jie
J
Zhang
Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Xiaojing
X
Xu
Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Xiaoyan
X
Liu
Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Xiru
X
Wu
Center for Bioinformatics, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Liping
L
Wei
Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Yuehua
Y
Zhang
D000293:Adolescent; D044466:Asian People; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies / Q000379:methods*; D006429:Hemiplegia / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000235:genetics*
C488756:ATP1A3 protein, human; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase