Effects of Brilliant Blue G on Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Levels and Depression-like Behavior in Mice after Lipopolysaccharide Administration.
OBJECTIVE
Accumulating evidence suggests that inflammation plays a role in the pathophysiology of major depression. The adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) plays a crucial role in microglial activation caused by inflammation. The dye brilliant blue G (BBG) is a P2X7R antagonist. This study examined whether BBG shows antidepressant effects in an inflammation-induced model of depression.


METHODS
We examined the effects of BBG (12.5, 25, or 50 mg/kg) on serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels after administering the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 0.5 mg/kg) and the effects of BBG (50 mg/kg) on depression-like behavior in the tail-suspension test (TST) and forced swimming test (FST).


RESULTS
Pretreatment with BBG (12.5, 25, or 50 mg/kg) significantly blocked the increase in serum TNF-α levels after a single dose of LPS (0.5 mg/kg). Furthermore, BBG (50 mg/kg) significantly attenuated the increase in immobility time in the TST and FST after LPS (0.5 mg/kg) administration.


CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that BBG has anti-inflammatory and antidepressant effects in mice after LPS administration. Therefore, P2X7R antagonists are potential therapeutic drugs for inflammation-related major depression.
Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan.
Min
M
Ma
Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan.
Qian
Q
Ren
Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan.
Ji-Chun
JC
Zhang
Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan.
Kenji
K
Hashimoto
Coomassie Brilliant Blue; Cytokine; Depression; Inflammation; Purinergic P2X7 receptors; Tumor necrosis factor-alpha