Fractal analysis of ibuprofen effect on experimental dog peri-implantitis.
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between the fractal analysis of gingival changes and systemic nitro-oxidative stress in a short-term low-dose ibuprofen (IBU) treatment at experimental peri-implantitis (PI).


METHODS
Six adult male mixed-breed dogs with PI were randomly treated for 2 weeks, 3 with IBU (5 mg/kg b.w.) and 3 with placebo. Clinical and radiological evaluation were performed. Gingival biopsies were assessed by light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and fractal analysis. Blood was collected to assay nitric oxide (NOx), total oxidative status (TOS), total antioxidant response (TAR), and oxidative stress index (OSI).


RESULTS
Specific gingival ultrastructural alterations, bone loss, and systemic nitro-oxidative stress were evident in PI-placebo animals. IBU caused significant clinical, microscopic, fractal dimensions (P < 0.01), NOx, TOS, and OSI improvements. IBU caused no important bone and TAR changes.


CONCLUSIONS
This study confirms that fractal analysis was a good method to assess the complex morphological changes and correlations with the nitro-oxidative stress in PI. Short-term low-dose IBU treatment consistently improved gingival status and reduced systemic nitro-oxidative stress.
*Associate Professor, Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. †Associate Professor, Department of AET, Discipline of Descriptive Geometry and Engineering Graphics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. ‡Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. §PhD Student, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. ‖Lecturer, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. ¶Professor, Electron Microscopy Center, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. #Associate Professor, Department of Propedeutics and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. **Doctoral Student, Department of Information Systems and Computing, Brunel University, London, United Kingdom. ††Lecturer, Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Alina E
AE
Pârvu
Stefan
S
Tălu
Marian A
MA
Taulescu
Andreea
A
Bota
Florinela
F
Cătoi
Constantin
C
Crăciun
Camelia
C
Alb
Ovidiu
O
Pârvu
Sandu F
SF
Alb
D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004285:Dogs; D017709:Fractals; D005881:Gingiva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007052:Ibuprofen / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008853:Microscopy; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D057873:Peri-Implantitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D007052:Ibuprofen