Methamphetamine-induced toxicity: an updated review on issues related to hyperthermia.
Reports of methamphetamine-related emergency room visits suggest that elevated body temperature is a universal presenting symptom, with lethal overdoses generally associated with extreme hyperthermia. This review summarizes the available information on methamphetamine toxicity as it pertains to elevations in body temperature. First, a brief overview of thermoregulatory mechanisms is presented. Next, central and peripheral targets that have been considered for potential involvement in methamphetamine hyperthermia are discussed. Finally, future areas of investigation are proposed, as further studies are needed to provide greater insight into the mechanisms that mediate the alterations in body temperature elicited by methamphetamine.
Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Center for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA. Electronic address: rmatsumoto@hsc.wvu.edu.
Rae R
RR
Matsumoto
Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Michael J
MJ
Seminerio
Center for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506,USA.
Ryan C
RC
Turner
Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
Matthew J
MJ
Robson
Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Center for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
Linda
L
Nguyen
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA.
Diane B
DB
Miller
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA.
James P
JP
O'Callaghan
D000818:Animals; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000187:drug effects; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000506:poisoning; D004298:Dopamine; D062787:Drug Overdose; D005334:Fever / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006801:Humans; D008694:Methamphetamine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000506:poisoning
D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D008694:Methamphetamine; D004298:Dopamine
Autonomic nervous system; Hyperthermia; Methamphetamine; Reactive oxygen species; Thermoregulation; Toxicity