Echinochrome A protects mitochondrial function in cardiomyocytes against cardiotoxic drugs.
Echinochrome A (Ech A) is a naphthoquinoid pigment from sea urchins that possesses antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and chelating abilities. Although Ech A is the active substance in the ophthalmic and cardiac drug Histochrome®, its underlying cardioprotective mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, we investigated the protective role of Ech A against toxic agents that induce death of rat cardiac myoblast H9c2 cells and isolated rat cardiomyocytes. We found that the cardiotoxic agents tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP, organic reactive oxygen species (ROS) inducer), sodium nitroprusside (SNP; anti-hypertension drug), and doxorubicin (anti-cancer drug) caused mitochondrial dysfunction such as increased ROS level and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. Co-treatment with Ech A, however, prevented this decrease in membrane potential and increase in ROS level. Co-treatment of Ech A also reduced the effects of these cardiotoxic agents on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and adenosine triphosphate level. These findings indicate the therapeutic potential of Ech A for reducing cardiotoxic agent-induced damage.
National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center (CMDC), Inje University, Busan 614-735, Korea. shjeong96@gmail.com.
Seung Hun
SH
Jeong
National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center (CMDC), Inje University, Busan 614-735, Korea. estrus74@gmail.com.
Hyoung Kyu
HK
Kim
National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center (CMDC), Inje University, Busan 614-735, Korea. microvirus@hanmail.net.
In-Sung
IS
Song
National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center (CMDC), Inje University, Busan 614-735, Korea. jesusyi79@naver.com.
Seon Joong
SJ
Lee
National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center (CMDC), Inje University, Busan 614-735, Korea. kskomd@paik.ac.kr.
Kyung Soo
KS
Ko
National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center (CMDC), Inje University, Busan 614-735, Korea. bdrhee@hanmail.net.
Byoung Doo
BD
Rhee
National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center (CMDC), Inje University, Busan 614-735, Korea. narikim43@gmail.com.
Nari
N
Kim
Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia. mischenkonp@mail.ru.
Natalia P
NP
Mishchenko
Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia. fedoreev-s@mail.ru.
Sergey A
SA
Fedoryev
Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia. stonik@piboc.dvo.ru.
Valentin A
VA
Stonik
National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center (CMDC), Inje University, Busan 614-735, Korea. phyhanj@inje.ac.kr.
Jin
J
Han
D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D054715:Cardiotoxins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000187:drug effects*; D009285:Naphthoquinones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012617:Sea Urchins
D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D054715:Cardiotoxins; D009285:Naphthoquinones; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C007573:echinochrome A