Bone remodelling markers in rheumatoid arthritis.
Bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients results from chronic inflammation and can lead to osteoporosis and fractures. A few bone remodeling markers have been studied in RA witnessing bone formation (osteocalcin), serum aminoterminal propeptide of type I collagen (PINP), serum carboxyterminal propeptide of type I collagen (ICTP), bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), osteocalcin (OC), and bone resorption: C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (I-CTX), N-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (I-NTX), pyridinolines (DPD and PYD), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). Bone resorption can be seen either in periarticular bone (demineralization and erosion) or in the total skeleton (osteoporosis). Whatever the location, bone resorption results from activation of osteoclasts when the ratio between osteoprotegerin and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (OPG/RANKL) is decreased under influence of various proinflammatory cytokines. Bone remodeling markers also allow physicians to evaluate the effect of drugs used in RA like biologic agents, which reduce inflammation and exert a protecting effect on bone. We will discuss in this review changes in bone markers remodeling in patients with RA treated with biologics.
Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Nord, Place Victor Pauchet, 80054 Amiens, France ; INSERM U1088, 1 rue des Louvels, 80000 Amiens, France.
Patrice
P
Fardellone
Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Nord, Place Victor Pauchet, 80054 Amiens, France.
Alice
A
Séjourné
Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Nord, Place Victor Pauchet, 80054 Amiens, France ; INSERM U1088, 1 rue des Louvels, 80000 Amiens, France.
Julien
J
Paccou
Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Nord, Place Victor Pauchet, 80054 Amiens, France.
Vincent
V
Goëb
D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology*; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase
D000596:Amino Acids; D015415:Biomarkers; D024042:Collagen Type I; D007527:Isoenzymes; C015484:pyridinoline; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase