Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as novel X-ray enhancer for low-dose radiation therapy.
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) with a mixed phase composition (γ-Fe2O3)(1-x)(Fe3O4)x and sizes between 9 and 20 nm were synthesized via coprecipitation and were either left uncoated or subsequently surface-stabilized with citrate or malate anions. The sizes, morphology, surface chemistry, and magnetic properties of the nanoparticles were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and superconducting quantum interference device measurements, respectively. Cellular uptake and intracellular distribution in normal tissue and tumor cells were verified by TEM images. X-ray-induced changes of the oxidation state and site geometries of surface iron ions of uncoated and citrate-coated SPIONs were explored by collecting Fe K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy data. The potential applicability of citrate- and malate-coated SPIONs as an X-ray enhancer for radiation cancer therapy was substantiated by their drastic enhancement of the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in X-ray irradiated tumor cells.
Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Physical Chemistry I and ICMM, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen , Egerlandstr.3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
Stefanie
S
Klein
Anja
A
Sommer
Luitpold V R
LV
Distel
Jean-Louis
JL
Hazemann
Wolfgang
W
Kröner
Winfried
W
Neuhuber
Paul
P
Müller
Olivier
O
Proux
Carola
C
Kryschi
D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D000838:Anions / Q000737:chemistry; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D060328:Magnetic Phenomena; D008293:Malates / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000528:radiation effects; D010316:Particle Size; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013499:Surface Properties; D014965:X-Rays
D000838:Anions; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D008293:Malates; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C000499:ferric oxide; D019343:Citric Acid; C030298:malic acid