Developing a pressure ulcer risk factor minimum data set and risk assessment framework.
OBJECTIVE
To agree a draft pressure ulcer risk factor Minimum Data Set to underpin the development of a new evidenced-based Risk Assessment Framework.


BACKGROUND
A recent systematic review identified the need for a pressure ulcer risk factor Minimum Data Set and development and validation of an evidenced-based pressure ulcer Risk Assessment Framework. This was undertaken through the Pressure UlceR Programme Of reSEarch (RP-PG-0407-10056), funded by the National Institute for Health Research and incorporates five phases. This article reports phase two, a consensus study.


METHODS
Consensus study.


METHODS
A modified nominal group technique based on the Research and Development/University of California at Los Angeles appropriateness method. This incorporated an expert group, review of the evidence and the views of a Patient and Public Involvement service user group. Data were collected December 2010-December 2011.


RESULTS
The risk factors and assessment items of the Minimum Data Set (including immobility, pressure ulcer and skin status, perfusion, diabetes, skin moisture, sensory perception and nutrition) were agreed. In addition, a draft Risk Assessment Framework incorporating all Minimum Data Set items was developed, comprising a two stage assessment process (screening and detailed full assessment) and decision pathways.


CONCLUSIONS
The draft Risk Assessment Framework will undergo further design and pre-testing with clinical nurses to assess and improve its usability. It will then be evaluated in clinical practice to assess its validity and reliability. The Minimum Data Set could be used in future for large scale risk factor studies informing refinement of the Risk Assessment Framework.
Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, UK.
Susanne
S
Coleman
E Andrea
EA
Nelson
Justin
J
Keen
Lyn
L
Wilson
Elizabeth
E
McGinnis
Carol
C
Dealey
Nikki
N
Stubbs
Delia
D
Muir
Amanda
A
Farrin
Dawn
D
Dowding
Jos M G A
JM
Schols
Janet
J
Cuddigan
Dan
D
Berlowitz
Edward
E
Jude
Peter
P
Vowden
Dan L
DL
Bader
Amit
A
Gefen
Cees W J
CW
Oomens
Lisette
L
Schoonhoven
Jane
J
Nixon
D006801:Humans; D015141:Los Angeles; D003668:Pressure Ulcer / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000451:nursing; D018570:Risk Assessment
consensus study; nursing; pressure ulcer; risk factors; tissue viability