Resting brain perfusion and selected vascular risk factors in healthy elderly subjects.
OBJECTIVE
Both cerebral hypoperfusion and vascular risk factors have been implicated in early aging of the brain and the development of neurodegenerative disease. However, the current knowledge of the importance of cardiovascular health on resting brain perfusion is limited. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the relation between brain perfusion variability and risk factors of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis in healthy aged subjects.


METHODS
Thirty-eight healthy subjects aged 50-75 years old were included. Mean global brain perfusion was measured using magnetic resonance phase contrast mapping and regional brain perfusion by use of arterial spin labeling.


RESULTS
Mean global brain perfusion was inversely correlated with caffeine and hematocrit, and positively with end-tidal PCO2. Furthermore, the mean global brain perfusion was inversely correlated with circulating homocysteine, but not with asymmetric dimethylarginine, dyslipidemia or the carotid intima-media thickness. The relative regional brain perfusion was associated with circulating homocysteine, with a relative parietal hypoperfusion and a frontal hyperperfusion. No effect on regional brain perfusion was observed for any of the other risk factors. A multiple regression model including homocysteine, caffeine, hematocrit and end-tidal PCO2, explained nearly half of the observed variability.


CONCLUSIONS
Both intrinsic and extrinsic factors influenced global cerebral perfusion variation between subjects. Further, the results suggest that the inverse relation between homocysteine and brain perfusion is owing to other mechanisms, than reflected by asymmetric dimethylarginine, and that homocysteine may be a marker of cerebral perfusion in aging brains.
Functional Imaging Unit, Section of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Department of Diagnostics, Glostrup Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Otto M
OM
Henriksen
Department Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.
Lars T
LT
Jensen
Section of Radiology, Department of Diagnostics, Glostrup Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark.
Katja
K
Krabbe
Institute of Cancer Biology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Per
P
Guldberg
Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Tom
T
Teerlink
Functional Imaging Unit, Section of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Department of Diagnostics, Glostrup Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark; Center for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Egill
E
Rostrup
D000368:Aged; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002110:Caffeine / Q000009:adverse effects; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006400:Hematocrit / Q000009:adverse effects; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors
D006710:Homocysteine; D002110:Caffeine; C018524:N,N-dimethylarginine; D001120:Arginine