title: Genetic diversification of penaeid shrimp infectious myonecrosis virus between Indonesia and Brazil.
abstract: Infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV) is a pathogen of penaeid shrimp, most notably the whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. First discovered in L. vannamei from Brazilian aquaculture farms in 2003, IMNV was additionally confirmed in L. vannamei from Indonesian farms in 2006 and has since been found in numerous provinces there. Only two complete sequences of IMNV strains have been reported to date, one strain from the Brazilian state of Piauí collected in 2003 and another from the Indonesian province of East Java collected in 2006. In this study, we determined the complete sequences of two additional Indonesian strains, one from Lampung province collected in 2011 and another from East Java province collected in 2012. We also determined partial sequences for six other strains to enhance phylogenetic comparisons, which have heretofore been limited by the small number of reported sequences, including only one for an Indonesian strain. The new results demonstrate clear genetic diversification of IMNV between Indonesia and Brazil, as well as within Indonesia. Analyses of conserved sequence motifs suggest a revised RNA pseudoknot prediction for ribosomal frameshifting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology & Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Center for Sustainable Aquaculture & Pathology Studies, Surya University, Banten 15810, Indonesia. Electronic address: sidrotun_naim@hms.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Sidrotun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Naim
authors.affiliation: School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, 1140 E. South Campus Drive, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. Electronic address: jbrown@ag.arizona.edu.
authors.forename: Judith K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology & Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: mnibert@hms.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Max L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Nibert
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D014644:Genetic Variation; D016679:Genome, Viral; D007214:Indonesia; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000821:virology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017385:Sequence Homology; D019196:Totiviridae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral
keywords: 2A-like motif; Arthropod virus; Ribosomal frameshifting; Shrimp virus; Totiviridae; dsRNA virus