title: Association between hepatitis B virus infection and metabolic syndrome: a retrospective cohort study in Shanghai, China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Metabolic syndrome (MS) and hepatitis B (HBV) infection are two major public health problems in China. There are few studies about their association, and the results of these studies are contradictory. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to assess the association between MS and HBV in a Shanghai community-based cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine hundred seventy-six Shanghai residents were recruited from the Putuo community. 480 HBV infections were in exposed group and 496 non-infections in unexposed group. All metabolic-related parameters and hepatitis B serology were tested with routine biochemical or immunological methods. "Exposed" was defined by HBV infection represented by hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and without anti-virus treatment. "Unexposed" were subjects who didn't infect with HBV (Represented by HBsAg) and no MS when they entered the cohort. MS was defined based on the updated National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) and related 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the association between HBV infection and MS over a 20-year follow-up period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 976 subjects recruited, 480 had latent HBV infection (exposed subjects). After adjusting for age, the crude HR was 2.46 (95% CI: 1.77, 3.41). After adjusting for potential risk factors of MS (age, gender, smoking, passive smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and diet), the HR was 2.27 (95% CI: 1.52, 3.38).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This 20-year follow-up retrospective cohort study in Shanghai showed a positive association between HBV infection and MS.
authors.forename: Yanbing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Haiju
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, P,R, China. jmy@fudan.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jinming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors