title: Characterization of metastasis formation and virotherapy in the human C33A cervical cancer model.
abstract: More than 90% of cancer mortalities are due to cancer that has metastasized. Therefore, it is crucial to intensify research on metastasis formation and therapy. Here, we describe for the first time the metastasizing ability of the human cervical cancer cell line C33A in athymic nude mice after subcutaneous implantation of tumor cells. In this model, we demonstrated a steady progression of lumbar and renal lymph node metastases during tumor development. Besides predominantly occurring lymphatic metastases, we visualized the formation of hematogenous metastases utilizing red fluorescent protein (RFP) expressing C33A-RFP cells. RFP positive cancer cells were found migrating in blood vessels and forming micrometastases in lungs of tumor-bearing mice. Next, we set out to analyze the influence of oncolytic virotherapy in the C33A-RFP model and demonstrated an efficient virus-mediated reduction of tumor size and metastatic burden. These results suggest the C33A-RFP cervical cancer model as a new platform to analyze cancer metastases as well as to test novel treatment options to combat metastases.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Donat
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Juliane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rother
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schäfer
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hess
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany; Genelux GmbH, Bernried, Germany.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Härtl
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kober
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Langbein-Laugwitz
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany; Genelux Corporation, San Diego Science Center, San Diego, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stritzker
authors.affiliation: Genelux Corporation, San Diego Science Center, San Diego, California, United States of America; Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, Rebecca & John Moores Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Nanhai G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Genelux Corporation, San Diego Science Center, San Diego, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Aguilar
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Weibel
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany; Genelux Corporation, San Diego Science Center, San Diego, California, United States of America; Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, Rebecca & John Moores Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, California, United States of America; Genelux GmbH, Bernried, Germany; Rudolph Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine and Institute for Molecular Infection Biology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Aladar A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Szalay
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002453:Cell Cycle; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D051379:Mice; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008954:Models, Biological; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D050130:Oncolytic Virotherapy; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy