title: Use of extracts from oyster shell and soil for cultivation of Spirulina maxima.
abstract: Calcium ion and trace metals play important roles in various metabolisms of photosynthetic organisms. In this study, simple methods were developed to extract calcium ion and micronutrients from oyster shell and common soil, and the prepared extracts were tested as a replacement of the corresponding chemicals that are essential for growth of microalgae. The oyster shell and soil were treated with 0.1 M sodium hydroxide or with 10 % hydrogen peroxide, respectively. The potential application of these natural sources to cultivation was investigated with Spirulina maxima. When compared to standard Zarrouk medium, the Spirulina maxima cultivated in a modified Zarrouk media with elements from oyster shell and soil extract exhibited increases in biomass, chlorophyll, and phycocyanin by 17, 16, and 64 %, respectively. These results indicate that the extracts of oyster shell and soil provide sufficient amounts of calcium and trace metals for successful cultivation of Spirulina maxima.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Biomass R&D Center, KAIST, 291 Daehakno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Joo-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Sunmin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hansol
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kyochan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Woong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Min S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jong-Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Ji-Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D060105:Animal Shells / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D018533:Biomass; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000737:chemistry; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D058086:Microalgae / Q000254:growth & development*; D010125:Ostreidae / Q000737:chemistry; D010798:Phycocyanin / Q000737:chemistry; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D053545:Spirulina / Q000254:growth & development*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D012987:Soil; D010798:Phycocyanin; D002734:Chlorophyll; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D002118:Calcium