title: Mosquitoes actively remove drops deposited by fog and dew.
abstract: We report mosquito behaviors for removing accumulated drops of water which would otherwise increase the energy expended during takeoff and free flight. These techniques take advantage of the insect's small size and great structural strength. To dry their wings before takeoff, mosquitoes employ a flutter stroke, at double the wingbeat frequency of normal flight, generating nearly 2500 gravities of acceleration. Mosquitoes may also remove drops by the respective accelerations associated with takeoff and collision with the ground. We correlate the accelerations and size of drops ejected using a simple model involving the drop's inertial force and surface tension. We note mosquitoes may use similar techniques to remove synthetic drops, making our observations applicable for understanding the resistance of insects to insecticides.
authors.affiliation: *School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; School of Physics Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Dickerson
authors.affiliation: *School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; School of Physics Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA *School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; School of Physics Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA *School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; School of Physics Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA hu@me.gatech.edu.
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000054:Acceleration; D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000502:physiology*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D013499:Surface Properties; D014741:Video Recording; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D014887:Weather; D014921:Wings, Animal / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D014867:Water