title: The usefulness of DNA derived from third stage larvae in the detection of Ashworthius sidemi infection in European bison, by a simple polymerase chain reaction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ashworthius sidemi, a blood-sucking nematode, is a primary parasite of Asiatic cervides, primarily sika deer (Cervus nippon). As A. sidemi infections are common in bison, red and roe deer, and gastrointestinal nematodes are often exchanged between animals, it is possible that other farm animals such as cows and sheep that may use the same pastures can be infected. Hence, histopathological changes observed in the walls of the abomasa and duodena of infected wildlife caused by a strong parasite presence may become an important health problem also for farm animals.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the present study, a simple PCR test for the detection of A. sidemi infection in European bison based on DNA from third stage infective larvae (L3) has been optimized.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The species-specific primers generated a 406 bp fragment, and A. sidemi DNA could be detected at concentrations of 0.1 pg/μl. The specificity of PCR was confirmed by the use of the genomic DNA of adult Ostertagia ostertagi, Haemonchus contortus, Cooperia oncophora as negative controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is possible to detect A. sidemi infection in European bison using DNA from L3. If this nematode infection is transmitted to cows this method may be effective to diagnose invasion in breeding animals in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland. moskwa@twarda.pan.pl.
authors.forename: Bożena
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Moskwa
authors.forename: Justyna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bień
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Goździk
authors.forename: Władysław
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cabaj
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016164:Bison; D018509:DNA, Helminth / Q000235:genetics*; D007814:Larva / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009348:Nematoda / Q000235:genetics*; D009349:Nematode Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D018509:DNA, Helminth