title: Class B CpG ODN stimulation upregulates expression of TLR21 and IFN-γ in chicken Harderian gland cells.
abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the response of Harderian gland (HG) cells after in vitro stimulation with class B synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ODN) containing CpG motifs. This knowledge is of importance for the development of mucosal vaccines for poultry, such as eye-drop or spray vaccines, to determine if class B CpG ODN can act as an vaccine adjuvant or as a prophylactic treatment mainly against respiratory disease viruses. The relative expression of Toll-like receptor 21 (TLR21), interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-10 genes were quantified at 1, 3, 6 and 18 h post-stimulation of HG cells from 5-week-old birds. In addition, it was also investigated if expression of these genes was affected by the age of the birds (differences between 5- and 12-week-old birds), concentrations of ODN or cell preparation method used. Class B CpG ODN induced upregulation of TLR21 and IFN-γ mRNA expression levels at 1h post-stimulation depending on concentration of ODN used but only in HG cells isolated from young birds.
authors.affiliation: The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK; Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Bird and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwadzki 45, Wrocław 50-366, Poland. Electronic address: klaudia.chrzastek@ext.efsa.europa.eu.
authors.forename: Klaudia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chrząstek
authors.affiliation: The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK.
authors.forename: Dominika
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Borowska
authors.affiliation: The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK.
authors.forename: Pete
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kaiser
authors.affiliation: The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK.
authors.forename: Lonneke
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vervelde
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D030161:Avian Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D002645:Chickens / Q000276:immunology*; D018899:CpG Islands / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006243:Harderian Gland / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000235:genetics*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000235:genetics*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D030161:Avian Proteins; C408982:CPG-oligonucleotide; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007371:Interferon-gamma
keywords: Chicken; CpG ODN; Harderian gland; Interleukins; TLR