title: How duplicated transcription regulators can diversify to govern the expression of nonoverlapping sets of genes.
abstract: The duplication of transcription regulators can elicit major regulatory network rearrangements over evolutionary timescales. However, few examples of duplications resulting in gene network expansions are understood in molecular detail. Here we show that four Candida albicans transcription regulators that arose by successive duplications have differentiated from one another by acquiring different intrinsic DNA-binding specificities, different preferences for half-site spacing, and different associations with cofactors. The combination of these three mechanisms resulted in each of the four regulators controlling a distinct set of target genes, which likely contributed to the adaption of this fungus to its human host. Our results illustrate how successive duplications and diversification of an ancestral transcription regulator can underlie major changes in an organism's regulatory circuitry.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94102, USA;
authors.forename: J Christian
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Pérez
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94102, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815, USA.
authors.forename: Polly M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Fordyce
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94102, USA;
authors.forename: Matthew B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Lohse
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94102, USA;
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hanson-Smith
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94102, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: DeRisi
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94102, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94102, USA;
authors.forename: Alexander D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D020440:Gene Duplication; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics*; D005800:Genes, Fungal / Q000235:genetics*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D026341:Minichromosome Maintenance 1 Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D011485:Protein Binding; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D026341:Minichromosome Maintenance 1 Protein; D014157:Transcription Factors
keywords: Candida albicans; gene duplication; gene regulation; molecular evolution; regulatory networks; transcription regulator