title: Laparoscopic transabdominal cervical cerclage: Case report of a woman without exocervix at 11 weeks gestation.
abstract: Cervical incompetence is characterized by painless dilatation of the incompetent cervix and results in miscarriages and preterm delivery during second trimester. We report a 25-year-old patient, gravid 2, para 1, at 11 weeks' gestation with the diagnosis of cervical incompetence, in whom transvaginal cerclage was not technically possible and laparoscopic cervical cerclage was performed successfully. There were no operative or immediate postoperative complications. A healthy infant was delivered at 35 weeks by cesarean section. Laparoscopic cervical cerclage during pregnancy can be safe and effective treatment for well-selected patients with cervical incompetence and eliminates the need for open laparotomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Min Jeong
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Guk Won
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dae Woo
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Min Kyung
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sa Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Cervical cerclage; Laparoscopy; Pregnancy