title: Intake of red wine in different meals modulates oxidized LDL level, oxidative and inflammatory gene expression in healthy people: a randomized crossover trial.
abstract: Several studies have found that adherence to the Mediterranean Diet, including consumption of red wine, is associated with beneficial effects on oxidative and inflammatory conditions. We evaluate the outcome of consumption of a McDonald's Meal (McD) and a Mediterranean Meal (MM), with and without the additive effect of red wine, in order to ascertain whether the addition of the latter has a positive impact on oxidized (ox-) LDL and on expression of oxidative and inflammatory genes. A total of 24 subjects were analyzed for ox-LDL, CAT, GPX1, SOD2, SIRT2, and CCL5 gene expression levels, before and after consumption of the 4 different meal combinations with washout intervals between each meal. When red wine is associated with McD or MM, values of ox-LDL are lowered (P < 0.05) and expression of antioxidant genes is increased, while CCL5 expression is decreased (P < 0.05). SIRT2 expression after MM and fasting with red wine is significantly correlated with downregulation of CCL5 and upregulation of CAT (P < 0.001). GPX1 increased significantly in the comparison between baseline and all conditions with red wine. We highlighted for the first time the positive effect of red wine intake combined with different but widely consumed meal types on ox-LDL and gene expression. Trial Registration. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01890070.
authors.affiliation: Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00136 Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Di Renzo
authors.affiliation: Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00136 Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4274-4035
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carraro
authors.affiliation: Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00136 Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Valente
authors.affiliation: Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00136 Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1367-0682
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Iacopino
authors.affiliation: CNR, ISN UOS of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, University Magna Graecia, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Colica
authors.affiliation: Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00136 Roma, Italy ; National Institute for Mediterranean Diet and Nutrigenomics (I.N.Di.M.), Corso Vittorio Emanuele 4, 87032 Amantea, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonino
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6524-4493
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De Lorenzo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004326:Drinking; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D056565:Sirtuin 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation; D014920:Wine; D055815:Young Adult; D000094765:Glutathione Peroxidase GPX1; D000099156:Superoxide Dismutase 2
chemical_list: D002374:Catalase; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D056565:Sirtuin 2; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000094765:Glutathione Peroxidase GPX1; D000099156:Superoxide Dismutase 2; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; C474199:SIRT2 protein, human; C000722067:GPX1 protein, human