title: Prevalence of obesity, diabetes and other cardiovascular risk factors in Andalusia (southern Spain). Comparison with national prevalence data. The Di@bet.es study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare the prevalences of obesity, diabetes and other cardiovascular risk factors in the region of Andalusia with those in the rest of Spain.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Di@bet.es study is a national, cross-sectional, population-based survey of cardiometabolic risk factors and their association with lifestyle. The sample consisted of 5103 participants ≥ 18 years. The variables analyzed were clinical, demographic and lifestyle survey, physical examination, and oral glucose tolerance test. The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in Andalusia (n=1517) was compared with that for the rest of Spain (n=3586).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In data adjusted to the Spanish population, the prevalence of diabetes (World Health Organization, 1999), hypertension (blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg), high-sensitivity CRP levels (≥ 3 mg/L) and obesity (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m(2)) were 16.3%, 43.9%, 32.0%, and 37.0% in Andalusia compared with 12.5%, 39.9%, 28.3%, and 26.6% in the rest of Spain (P<.001 for differences except P=.01 for the difference in high-sensitivity CRP levels). The corresponding figures for the Andalusia data adjusted to the Andalusian population were 15.3%, 42.3%, 31.4%, and 34.0%, respectively. Differences in diabetes, hypertension and high-sensitivity CRP were not significant in models adjusted for age, sex, and adiposity measurements. Differences in obesity were not significant in models adjusted for age, sex, educational level, marital status, work status, and physical activity (P=.086) CONCLUSIONS: This study contributes information from a national study perspective and shows a higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in southern Spain, in close relation to obesity, a sedentary lifestyle, and markers of socioeconomic disadvantage.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Spain; Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Carlos Haya, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain. Electronic address: sergio.valdes@hotmail.es.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Valdés
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Spain; Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Carlos Haya, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: García-Torres
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Spain; Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Carlos Haya, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Maldonado-Araque
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goday
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Calle-Pascual
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Spain; Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Carlos Haya, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Soriguer
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Spain; Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Baracaldo, Vizcaya, Spain.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Castaño
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Spain; Departamento de Medicina y Endocrinología, Hospital Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Catalá
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ramon
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gomis
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Spain; Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Carlos Haya, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rojo-Martínez
mesh_terms: D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Andalucía; Andalusia; Cardiovascular risk factors; Diabetes mellitus tipo 2; Diferencias geográficas; Epidemiology; Epidemiología; España; Factores de riesgo cardiovascular; Geographic variation; Obesidad; Obesity; Prevalence; Prevalencia; Spain; Type 2 diabetes