title: Development of an immunochromatography strip test based on truncated nucleocapsid antigens of three representative hantaviruses.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hantaviruses are causative agents of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and nephropathia epidemica (NE) in the Old World and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in the New World. There is a need for time-saving diagnostic methods. In the present study, recombinant N antigens were used as antigens in an immunochromatography strip (ICG) test to detect specific IgG antibodies.
  
  
  METHODS
  The N-terminal 103 amino acids (aa) of Hantaan virus (HTNV), Puumala virus (PUUV) and Andes virus (ANDV) nucleocapsid (N) protein were expressed in E. coli as representative antigens of three groups (HFRS, NE and HPS-causing viruses) of hantavirus. Five different types of ICG test strips, one antigen line on one strip for each of the three selected hantaviruses (HTNV, PUUV and ANDV), three antigen lines on one strip and a mixed antigen line on one strip, were developed and sensitivities were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 87 convalescent-phase patient sera, including sera from 35 HFRS patients, 36 NE patients and 16 HPS patients, and 25 sera from healthy seronegative people as negative controls were used to evaluate the ICG test. Sensitivities of the three-line strip and mixed-line strip were similar to those of the single antigen strip (97.2 to 100%). On the other hand, all of the ICG test strips showed high specificities to healthy donors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicated that the ICG test with the three representative antigens is an effective serodiagnostic tool for screening and typing of hantavirus infection in humans.
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Amada
authors.forename: Kumiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshimatsu
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koma
authors.forename: Kenta
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Chandika D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Gamage
authors.forename: Kanae
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shiokawa
authors.forename: Sanae
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishio
authors.forename: Clas
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ahlm
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita ku, Sapporo 060-8683, Japan. j_arika@med.hokudai.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Jiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arikawa
mesh_terms: D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity / Q000379:methods*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression; D018063:Hantaan virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006476:Orthohantavirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D018778:Hantavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D029262:Puumala virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins