title: Calnexin functions in antibacterial immunity of Marsupenaeus japonicus.
abstract: Calnexin (Cnx) is an endoplasmic reticulum membrane-bound lectin chaperone that comprises a dedicated maturation system with another lectin chaperone calreticulin (Crt). This maturation system is known as the Cnx/Crt cycle. The main functions of Cnx are Ca(2+) storage, glycoprotein folding, and quality control of synthesis. Recent studies have shown that Cnx is important in phagocytosis and in optimizing dendritic cell immunity. However, the functions of Cnx in invertebrate innate immunity remain unclear. In this research, we characterized Cnx in the kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus (designated as MjCnx) and detected its function in shrimp immunity. The expression of MjCnx was upregulated in several tissues challenged with Vibrio anguillarum. Recombinant MjCnx could bind to bacteria by binding polysaccharides. MjCnx protein existed in the cytoplasm and on the membrane of hemocytes and was upregulated by bacterial challenge. The recombinant MjCnx enhanced the clearance of V. anguillarum in vivo, and the clearance effects were impaired after silencing MjCnx with RNA interference assay. Recombinant MjCnx promoted phagocytosis efficiency of hemocytes. These results suggest that MjCnx functions as one of the pattern recognition receptors and has crucial functions in shrimp antibacterial immunity.
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Clinical Laboratory of Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China.
authors.forename: Xiu-Qing
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
authors.forename: Hai-Shan
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Ming
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Fan
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China. Electronic address: jxwang@sdu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jin-Xing
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D060829:Arthropod Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D001407:Bacillus / Q000276:immunology; D037281:Calnexin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000276:immunology; D006434:Hemocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D008837:Micrococcus / Q000276:immunology; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D010587:Phagocytosis; D010802:Phylogeny; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry; D011485:Protein Binding; D021381:Protein Transport; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000276:immunology; D014733:Vibrio / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D060829:Arthropod Proteins; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial; D037281:Calnexin
keywords: Calnexin; Innate immunity; Marsupenaeus japonicus; Pattern recognition receptor; Phagocytosis