title: The Kampo medicine Rokumigan possesses antibiofilm, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing properties.
abstract: Periodontal diseases, which are inflammatory diseases of bacterial origin affecting the tooth-supporting tissues, are characterized by inflammation and destruction of gingival connective tissue and alveolar bone, and may lead to tooth loss. The aim of the study was to investigate Rokumigan, a Kampo Japanese traditional medicine made of six different plants, for its capacity to prevent biofilm formation by Fusobacterium nucleatum, to inhibit interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) secretion by mucosal cells, and to promote wound healing in a fibroblast model. Using a microplate colorimetric assay, Rokumigan prevented biofilm formation by F. nucleatum, while it had no effect on bacterial growth. Rokumigan inhibited IL-6 secretion in both epithelial cells and fibroblasts stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. However, it caused no significant inhibition of IL-8 secretion by both cell types. Rokumigan significantly increased proliferation and migration of gingival fibroblasts in a wound healing assay. In conclusion, the Kampo formulation Rokumigan, through suppression of biofilm formation by F. nucleatum, inhibition of IL-6 secretion by gingival epithelial cells and fibroblasts, and promotion of wound healing in a fibroblast model, may have potential application for periodontal diseases.
authors.affiliation: Oral Ecology Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Laval University, 2420 Rue de la Terrasse, Quebec City, QC, Canada G1V 0A6.
authors.forename: James
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6602-8626
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Oral Ecology Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Laval University, 2420 Rue de la Terrasse, Quebec City, QC, Canada G1V 0A6.
authors.forename: Jabrane
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1081-7738
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Azelmat
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Health Science and Social Welfare, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 18-15 Kuramotocho 3-Chome, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan.
authors.forename: Masami
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3427-3296
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene and Oral Health Science, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 18-15 Kuramotocho 3-Chome, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hinode
authors.affiliation: Oral Ecology Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Laval University, 2420 Rue de la Terrasse, Quebec City, QC, Canada G1V 0A6.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0878-4674
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grenier
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016967:Fusobacterium nucleatum / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism; D020835:Medicine, Kampo; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; C508606:CXCL8 protein, human; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; C507123:rokumigan