title: Prevalence and seroincidence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C infection in high risk people who inject drugs in china and Thailand.
abstract: We determined the prevalence and incidence of HBV and HCV infection in people who inject drugs (PWIDs) at high risk for HIV in China and Thailand and determined the association of HBV and HCV incidence with urine opiate test results and with short-term versus long-term buprenorphine-naloxone (B-N) treatment use in a randomized clinical trial (HPTN 058). 13.8% of 1049 PWIDs in China and 13.9% of 201 PWIDs in Thailand were HBsAg positive at baseline. Among HBsAg negative participants, the HBsAg incidence rate was 2.7/100 person years in China and 0/100 person years in Thailand. 81.9% of 1049 PWIDs in China and 59.7% of 201 in Thailand were HCV antibody positive at baseline. The HCV confirmed seroincidence rate among HCV antibody negative PWIDs was 22/100 person years in China and 4.6/100 person years in Thailand. Incident HBsAg was not significantly different in the short-term versus long-term B-N arm in China or Thailand. Participants with positive opiate results in at least 75% of their urines during the time period were at increased risk of incident HBsAg (HR = 5.22; 95% CI, 1.08 to 25.22; P = 0.04) in China, but not incident HCV conversion in China or Thailand.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
authors.forename: J Brooks
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China.
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Xinjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi 83001, China.
authors.forename: Fu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liping
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
authors.forename: Apinun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aramrattana
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
authors.forename: David D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Celentano
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Walshe
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.affiliation: Xinjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi 83001, China.
authors.forename: Ma
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jun
authors.affiliation: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
authors.forename: Geetha
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Beauchamp
authors.affiliation: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Donnell
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing 102206, China.
authors.forename: Yuhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing 102206, China.
authors.forename: Liying
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Metzger
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing 102206, China.
authors.forename: Yiming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shao