title: New Delhi Metallo-beta-lactamase around the world: an eReview using Google Maps.
abstract: Gram-negative carbapenem-resistant bacteria, in particular those producing New Delhi Metallo-betalactamase-1 (NDM-1), are a major global health problem. To inform the scientific and medical community in real time about worldwide dissemination of isolates of NDM-1-producing bacteria, we used the PubMed database to review all available publications from the first description in 2009 up to 31 December 2012, and created a regularly updated worldwide dissemination map using a web-based mapping application. We retrieved 33 reviews, and 136 case reports describing 950 isolates of NDM-1-producing bacteria. Klebsiella pneumoniae (n= 359) and Escherichia coli (n=268) were the most commonly reported bacteria producing NDM-1 enzyme. Several case reports of infections due to imported NDM-1 producing bacteria have been reported in a number of countries, including the United Kingdom, Italy, and Oman. In most cases (132/153, 86.3%), patients had connections with the Indian subcontinent or Balkan countries. Those infected were originally from these areas, had either spent time and/or been hospitalised there, or were potentially linked to other patients who had been hospitalised in these regions. By using Google Maps, we were able to trace spread of NDM-1-producing bacteria. We strongly encourage epidemiologists to use these types of interactive tools for surveillance purposes and use the information to prevent the spread and outbreaks of such bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille Universite, Unite de Recherche en Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, Faculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berrazeg
authors.forename: Sm
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Diene
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Medjahed
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Parola
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Drissi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Raoult
authors.forename: Jm
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rolain
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000201:enzymology*; D006801:Humans; D001618:beta-Lactamases
chemical_list: D001618:beta-Lactamases; C552864:beta-lactamase NDM-1