title: Biological activity of Ganoderma lucidum basidiocarps cultivated on alternative and commercial substrate.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ganoderma lucidum (W. Curt.:Fr.) P. Karst. has been used for several thousand years in traditional medicine of the Far East for the treatment of a various diseases including: cancer, immunological disorders, hepatitis, arthritis, nephritis, bronchitis, asthma etc. Ganoderma species are natural sources of various antimicrobial, antioxidant and antitumor active compounds which can be alternative to commercial antibiotics, antimycotics, antioxidants and cytostatics. As the amount of wild Ganoderma lucidum basidiocarps is not sufficient, the aim of this study was to compare the bioactivity of basidiaocarps obtained on alternative substrate (wheat straw) with commercially cultivated ones.
  
  
  METHODS
  Antimicrobial potential of the tested Ganoderma lucidum extracts was studied by disc-diffusion and microdilution method. Cytotoxic effect of tested extracts on two cancer cell lines was determined by microculture tetrazolium test. DPPH scavenging ability, total phenols and flavonoids content were measured in order to determine the antioxidative potential of Ganoderma lucidum extracts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ganoderma lucidum BEOFB 434 extract was the most effective antibacterial agent, while commercial strain was the weakest. DPPH· scavenging activity of extracts of basidiocarps from alternative substrate was also significantly higher than that of commercially obtained basidiocarps. The extracts of Ganoderma lucidum BEOFB 431 exhibited the strongest cytotoxic activity significantly higher than those in commercial strain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study showed that fruiting bodies produced on one of the most accessible and cheapest crop residue, wheat straw, are better antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic agents than those obtained on conventional substrate, oak sawdust.
authors.affiliation: University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Takovska 43, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia. Electronic address: simonicj@bio.bg.ac.rs.
authors.forename: Jasmina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cilerdžić
authors.affiliation: University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Takovska 43, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Jelena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vukojević
authors.affiliation: University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Takovska 43, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Mirjana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stajić
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Tatjana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stanojković
authors.affiliation: University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Bulevar Despota Stefana 143, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Jasmina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Glamočlija
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D048690:Fruiting Bodies, Fungal / Q000254:growth & development; D006801:Humans; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D020940:Reishi / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers
keywords: Antimicrobial; Antioxidative; Cytotoxic; Ganoderma lucidum