title: Interaction of adult human neural crest-derived stem cells with a nanoporous titanium surface is sufficient to induce their osteogenic differentiation.
abstract: Osteogenic differentiation of various adult stem cell populations such as neural crest-derived stem cells is of great interest in the context of bone regeneration. Ideally, exogenous differentiation should mimic an endogenous differentiation process, which is partly mediated by topological cues. To elucidate the osteoinductive potential of porous substrates with different pore diameters (30 nm, 100 nm), human neural crest-derived stem cells isolated from the inferior nasal turbinate were cultivated on the surface of nanoporous titanium covered membranes without additional chemical or biological osteoinductive cues. As controls, flat titanium without any topological features and osteogenic medium was used. Cultivation of human neural crest-derived stem cells on 30 nm pores resulted in osteogenic differentiation as demonstrated by alkaline phosphatase activity after seven days as well as by calcium deposition after 3 weeks of cultivation. In contrast, cultivation on flat titanium and on membranes equipped with 100 nm pores was not sufficient to induce osteogenic differentiation. Moreover, we demonstrate an increase of osteogenic transcripts including Osterix, Osteocalcin and up-regulation of Integrin β1 and α2 in the 30 nm pore approach only. Thus, transplantation of stem cells pre-cultivated on nanostructured implants might improve the clinical outcome by support of the graft adherence and acceleration of the regeneration process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schürmann
authors.affiliation: Thin Films & Physics of Nanostructures, Faculty of Physics, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
authors.forename: Annalena
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wolff
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
authors.forename: Darius
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Widera
authors.affiliation: Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hauser
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Heimann
authors.affiliation: Thin Films & Physics of Nanostructures, Faculty of Physics, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hütten
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kaltschmidt
authors.affiliation: Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany. Electronic address: barbara.kaltschmidt@uni-bielefeld.de.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kaltschmidt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D058608:Nanopores; D009432:Neural Crest / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D014025:Titanium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D014025:Titanium