title: Development and Psychometric Assessment of the Measure of Globalization Influence on Health Risk (MGIHR) Among Mexican Women with Breast Cancer.
abstract: Lacking in the literature are data addressing the extent to which changes in reproductive and lifestyle factors predispose women in developing nations to higher breast cancer rates, and the degree to which these are due to globalization influences. This article describes the development and psychometric assessment of an instrument intended to measure global, predominantly U.S., influences on breast cancer risk profile among women residing in Mexico. Using investigator consensus and a focus group methodology, the Measure of Globalization Influence on Health Risk (MGIHR) was developed and completed by 341 women. Psychometric analysis support the use of an 11-item Consumerism and Modernity scale and 7-item Reproductive Control and Gender Role scale. The MGIHR is a valid and reliable instrument for understanding changing lifestyle and reproductive factors for breast cancer risk and may provide a more complete understanding of breast cancer development and needed interventions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, #0901, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0901, USA, jnodora@ucsd.edu.
authors.forename: Jesse N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Nodora
authors.forename: Scott C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Carvajal
authors.forename: Rebeca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Robles-Garcia
authors.forename: Francisco Páez
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Agraz
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Daneri-Navarro
authors.forename: Maria Mercedes
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Meza-Montenegro
authors.forename: Luis Enrique
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Gutierrez-Millan
authors.forename: Maria Elena
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Martinez
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006801:Humans; D038622:Internationality; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires