title: [Extravasation of contrast media at the puncture site: Strategies for managment].
abstract: The incidence of contrast medium extravasation at the venipuncture site has increased with the generalized use of automatic injectors. Most extravasations only cause slight edema and erythema. Nevertheless, in some cases extravasation can result in severe skin lesions or even in compartment syndrome. Lesions caused by extravasation usually resolve spontaneously with conservative treatment. Although the complications of extravasation are well known, institutional protocols are normally lacking and the criteria for taking action and the type of treatment, whether based on the literature or personal preferences, tend to vary. In this article, we review the incidence, risk factors, clinical manifestations, and options for preventing and treating contrast medium extravasation in soft tissues. Finally, we present the protocol we use to manage extravasation at our hospital.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cirugía Plástica, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), A Coruña, España.
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Pacheco Compaña
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cirugía Plástica, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), A Coruña, España.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gago Vidal
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Radiología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), A Coruña, España. Electronic address: cristinamendezdiaz@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Méndez Díaz
mesh_terms: D002985:Clinical Protocols; D005119:Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D011677:Punctures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011996:Records; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
keywords: Contrast media; Extravasación de materiales diagnósticos y terapéuticos; Extravasation of diagnostic and therapeutic material; Manejo seguro de la extravasación de medios de contraste; Medios de contraste; Safe management of contrast medium extravasation