title: Examining the multifactorial nature of a cognitive process using Bayesian brain-behavior modeling.
abstract: Establishing relationships among brain structures and cognitive functions is a central task in cognitive neuroscience. Existing methods to establish associations among a set of function variables and a set of brain regions, such as dissociation logic and conjunction analysis, are hypothesis-driven. We propose a new data-driven approach to structure-function association analysis. We validated it by analyzing a simulated atrophy study. We applied the proposed method to a study of aging and dementia. We found that the most significant age-related and dementia-related volume reductions were in the hippocampal formation and the supramarginal gyrus, respectively. These findings suggest a multi-component brain-aging model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. Electronic address: rchen@umm.edu.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. Electronic address: ehh@ieee.org.
authors.forename: Edward H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Herskovits
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000473:pathology*; D000465:Algorithms; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D003071:Cognition; D063132:Connectome / Q000379:methods*; D003704:Dementia / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D000069550:Machine Learning; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
keywords: Aging and dementia; Bayesian analysis; Cognitive process; Structure–function association