title: Highly hydrophilic and nonionic poly(2-vinyloxazoline)-grafted silica: a novel organic phase for high-selectivity hydrophilic interaction chromatography.
abstract: A new hydrophilic and nonionic poly(2-vinyloxazoline)-grafted silica (Sil-VOX(n)) phase was synthesized and applied for the separation of nucleosides and nucleobases in hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC). Polymerization and immobilization onto silica were confirmed by using characterization techniques including (1)H NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy. The hydrophilicity or wettability of Sil-VOX(n) was observed by measuring the contact angle (59.9°). The chromatographic results were compared with those obtained with a conventional HILIC silica column. The Sil-VOX(n) phase showed much better separation of polar test analytes than the silica column, and the elution order was different. Differences in selectivity between these two columns indicate that the stationary phase cannot function merely as an inert support for a water layer into which the solutes are partitioned from the bulk mobile phase. To elucidate the interaction mechanism, the separation of dihydroxybenzene isomers was performed on both columns in normal-phase liquid chromatography. Sil-VOX(n) was very sensitive to the dipole moments of the positional isomers of polycyclic aromatic compounds in normal-phase liquid chromatography. The interaction mechanism for Sil-VOX(n) in HILIC separation is also described.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Abul K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Mallik
authors.forename: Wee Keat
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Cheah
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shingo
authors.forename: Aika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ejzaki
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takafuji
authors.forename: Hirotaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ihara