title: Tissue fractions of cadmium in two hyperaccumulating Jerusalem artichoke genotypes.
abstract: In order to investigate the mechanisms in two Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) genotypes that hyperaccumulate Cd, a sand-culture experiment was carried out to characterize fractionation of Cd in tissue of Cd-hyperaccumulating genotypes NY2 and NY5. The sequential extractants were: 80% v/v ethanol (FE), deionized water (FW), 1 M NaCl (FNaCl), 2% v/v acetic acid (FAcet), and 0.6 M HCl (FHCl). After 20 days of treatments, NY5 had greater plant biomass and greater Cd accumulation in tissues than NY2. In both genotypes the FNaCl fraction was the highest in roots and stems, whereas the FAcet and FHCl fractions were the highest in leaves. With an increase in Cd concentration in the culture solution, the content of every Cd fraction also increased. The FW and FNaCl ratios in roots were lower in NY5 than in NY2, while the amount of other Cd forms was higher. It implied that, in high accumulator, namely, NY5, the complex of insoluble phosphate tends to be shaped more easily which was much better for Cd accumulation. Besides, translocation from plasma to vacuole after combination with protein may be one of the main mechanisms in Cd-accumulator Jerusalem artichoke genotypes.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Xiaohua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China ; State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China.
authors.forename: Ni
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Zhaopu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Earth and Environment, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
authors.forename: Zed
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Rengel
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China ; Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology & Bio-Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai 264003, China.
authors.forename: Hongbo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shao
mesh_terms: D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods; D005838:Genotype; D006368:Helianthus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D014018:Tissue Distribution / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002104:Cadmium