title: National prevalence and associated risk factors of hypertension and prehypertension among Vietnamese adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hypertension has recently been identified as the leading risk factor for global mortality. This study aims to present the national prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension and, their determinants in Vietnamese adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nationally representative data were obtained from the National Adult Overweight Survey 2005. This one visit survey included 17,199 subjects aged 25-64 years, with a mean body mass index (BMI) of 20.7 kg/m(2).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall census-weighted JNC7 (the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure) defined prevalence of hypertension was 20.7% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 19.4-22.1); the prevalence of prehypertension was 41.8% (95% CI = 40.4-43.1). Hypertension and prehypertension were more prevalent in men. Higher age, overweight, alcohol use (among men), and living in rural areas (among women) were independently associated with a higher prevalence of hypertension, whereas higher physical activity and education level were inversely associated. Age, BMI, and living in rural areas were independently associated with an increased prevalence of prehypertension. Among the hypertensives, 25.9% were aware of their hypertension, 12.2% were being treated, and 2.8% had their blood pressure under control; among the treated hypertensives, 32.4% had their blood pressure controlled.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hypertension and prehypertension are prevalent in Vietnam, but awareness, treatment, and control are low. The findings suggest that lifestyle modifications, including the prevention of overweight, the promotion of physical activity particularly in urban areas, and the reduction of high alcohol consumption, may help to prevent hypertension in Vietnam. Furthermore, increased efforts regarding education, detection, and treatment could be important in management of hypertension and cardiovascular disease risk prevention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Nutrition, National Institute of Nutrition, Hanoi, Vietnam; Division of Human Nutrition; Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands. dtpha@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ha T P
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Do
authors.affiliation: Division of Human Nutrition; Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Johanna M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Geleijnse
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Nutrition, National Institute of Nutrition, Hanoi, Vietnam;
authors.forename: Mai B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Le
authors.affiliation: Division of Human Nutrition; Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Frans J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Kok
authors.affiliation: Division of Human Nutrition; Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Edith J M
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Feskens
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001364:Awareness; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology; D058246:Prehypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D012423:Rural Health; D012737:Sex Factors; D014504:Urban Health; D014744:Vietnam / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents
keywords: Vietnam.; blood pressure; hypertension; overweight; prehypertension; risk factors