title: Isoprostanes and neuroprostanes as biomarkers of oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases.
abstract: Accumulating data shows that oxidative stress plays a crucial role in neurodegenerative disorders. The literature data indicate that in vivo or postmortem cerebrospinal fluid and brain tissue levels of F2-isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs) especially F4-neuroprotanes (F4-NPs) are significantly increased in some neurodegenerative diseases: multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Central nervous system is the most metabolically active organ of the body characterized by high requirement for oxygen and relatively low antioxidative activity, what makes neurons and glia highly susceptible to destruction by reactive oxygen/nitrogen species and neurodegeneration. The discovery of F2-IsoPs and F4-NPs as markers of lipid peroxidation caused by the free radicals has opened up new areas of investigation regarding the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of human neurodegenerative diseases. This review focuses on the relationship between F2-IsoPs and F4-NPs as biomarkers of oxidative stress and neurodegenerative diseases. We summarize the knowledge of these novel biomarkers of oxidative stress and the advantages of monitoring their formation to better define the involvement of oxidative stress in neurological diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Hallera 1, Lodz, Poland ; Neurorehabilitation Ward, III General Hospital in Lodz, Milionowa 14, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Elżbieta
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7029-1857
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3634-3606
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morel
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Saso
authors.affiliation: Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland ; Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Medical Analytics, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Saluk
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D028421:Isoprostanes / Q000378:metabolism*; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D058632:Neuroprostanes / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D028421:Isoprostanes; D058632:Neuroprostanes