title: A profile of New Zealand 'Asian' participants of the 2008/09 Adult National Nutrition Survey: focus on dietary habits, nutrient intakes and health outcomes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate similarities and differences in dietary habits, nutrient intakes and health outcomes of South Asians (SA) and East and South-East Asians (ESEA) and the New Zealand European and Other (NZEO) group, and to examine differences within 'Asian' subgroups according to duration of residence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nutrient intake data from 24 h diet recalls and data from the dietary habits questionnaire, anthropometry and biochemical analyses from the cross-sectional 2008/09 Adult National Nutrition Survey in New Zealand were compared for participants categorized as SA, ESEA and NZEO.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adults aged 15 years and older (n 2995).
  
  
  METHODS
  New Zealand households.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SA were more likely to 'never' eat red meat in comparison to NZEO (P<0.001) and among females also in comparison to ESEA (P<0.05). Intakes of fats and some micronutrients (riboflavin, vitamin B6, B12, Se) were lower among SA than NZEO (P<0.05). Lower intakes of Zn and vitamin B12 were reported by SA females compared with ESEA and NZEO females (P<0.05). A higher percentage of SA were obese using ethnic-specific cut-offs, had lower indices of Fe status and reported diagnosed diabetes compared with NZEO and ESEA. Recent SA male migrants had higher intakes of β-carotene, vitamin C and Ca compared with long-term migrants (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the present study indicate that dietary habits, nutrient intakes, blood profile and body size differ significantly between Asian subgroups. It also provides some evidence for changes in dietary intakes according to duration of residence especially for SA males.
authors.affiliation: 1School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Science,The University of Auckland,Bldg 730,261 Morrin Road,Glen Innes,Pvt Bag 92019,Auckland,New Zealand.
authors.forename: Sherly M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Parackal
authors.affiliation: 2Department of Human Nutrition,University of Otago,Dunedin,New Zealand.
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: 2Department of Human Nutrition,University of Otago,Dunedin,New Zealand.
authors.forename: Winsome Ruth
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Parnell
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044466:Asian People; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000208:ethnology; D005191:Family Characteristics / Q000208:ethnology; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009520:New Zealand / Q000453:epidemiology; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D009752:Nutritional Status / Q000208:ethnology; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology; D015995:Prevalence; D044465:White People; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Duration of residence