title: Effect of recombinant bovine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor covalently bound to polyethylene glycol injection on neutrophil number and function in periparturient dairy cows.
abstract: Dairy cows often experience decreased immune function around the time of calving, typified by impaired polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) function and a transient neutropenia. This is associated with increased disease incidence, including mastitis, retained placenta, and metritis. In an attempt to improve PMN functional capacity during the periparturient period, we injected cows with recombinant bovine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor covalently bound to polyethylene glycol (PEG rbG-CSF) twice subcutaneously, about 6d before calving and within 24h after calving. Twenty-one cows in their second pregnancy were enrolled in this study and divided into 2 groups: PEG rbG-CSF treated (n=11) and saline-treated controls (n=10). The PMN numbers quickly and dramatically increased after PEG rbG-CSF administration and remained elevated through the end of the experiment (13d after calving). Exocytosis of myeloperoxidase by stimulated PMN, which is generally decreased in periparturient cows, was markedly increased by PEG rbG-CSF after injection. Higher myeloperoxidase exocytosis persisted for at least 10d after calving. The PMN superoxide anion release and phagocytosis activity did not differ between groups. Injection of PEG rbG-CSF was safe for cows, with no significant negative effects observed. The greatest single effect of PEG rbG-CSF administration was a dramatic increase in circulating numbers of PMN. The increased numbers of PMN ready to move to a site of infection early in the course of an infection may improve the ability of the cow to ward off clinical disease in the periparturient period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames 50011.
authors.forename: Kayoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames 50011.
authors.forename: Jesse P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Goff
authors.affiliation: Bioproduct Innovation, Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, IN 46140.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Canning
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Diagnostics and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames 50011.
authors.forename: Chong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames 50011. Electronic address: jaroth@iastate.edu.
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Roth
mesh_terms: D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008414:Mastitis, Bovine / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D018457:Placenta, Retained / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D009195:Peroxidase; D002118:Calcium; D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid
keywords: granulocyte-colony stimulating factor; neutrophil; periparturient immunosuppression