title: Risk of subsequent cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in patients with melanoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with melanoma are at increased risk for cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to examine the incidence of subsequent SCC among melanoma survivors and the impact of patient and melanoma characteristics on SCC risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  Kaiser Permanente Northern California members given the diagnosis of melanoma from 2000 to 2005 (n = 6378) were followed up through 2009 for a pathology-confirmed SCC. Cox models were used to estimate SCC risk.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The crude SCC incidence rate was 2.41 per 100 person-years, and was higher among males and older subjects. In adjusted models stratified by age, SCC risk was higher among males (hazard ratio [HR] 1.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.22-1.67), those with history of nonmelanoma skin cancer (HR 2.56, 95% CI 2.19-2.98), and those with higher tumor sequence numbers (HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.01-1.80). SCC risk was lower among non-Hispanic whites (HR 0.39, 95% CI 0.17-0.86).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SCC risk was not examined among members without melanoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SCCs arise in approximately 12% of patients with melanoma over a 5-year period and are more common among males, whites, patients older than 60 years, those with prior reportable cancers, and those with history of nonmelanoma skin cancer. Clinicians should be vigilant for SCCs among these individuals at high risk, and counsel melanoma survivors about their increased risk for SCCs.
authors.affiliation: Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California; Department of Dermatology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Maryam M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Asgari
authors.affiliation: Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California.
authors.forename: E Margaret
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Warton
authors.affiliation: Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California.
authors.forename: Charles P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Quesenberry
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Patient-reported Outcomes, Genentech, a Member of the Roche Group, South San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Daniel O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Koralek
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Patient-reported Outcomes, Genentech, a Member of the Roche Group, South San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009378:Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: epidemiology; incidence; melanoma; risk factors; skin cancer; squamous cell carcinoma