title: Second-generation antipsychotics and bone turnover in schizophrenia.
abstract: Accumulating evidence suggests that patients with schizophrenia are exposed to a high risk of osteoporosis/osteopenia caused by long-term antipsychotic treatment. The degree of bone mineral density (BMD) loss that a given antipsychotic may cause is not known. Examinations using a bone turnover marker may more accurately predict the ongoing bone states in psychiatric patients. We measured prolactin, estradiol, testosterone, and bone resorption marker (TRACP-5b) levels in 167 patients with schizophrenia and 60 normal controls. The patients showed significantly higher levels of prolactin and lower levels of TRACP-5b compared to the controls. Moreover, prolactin was negatively correlated with estradiol and testosterone in the group of all male subjects and the male patients. TRACP-5b was positively correlated with prolactin in the female patients and negatively correlated with estradiol in the group of all female subjects. The results show that the bone resorption rate was rather attenuated in the patients compared to the normal controls, suggesting a complicated etiology of BMD loss in schizophrenia patients. Several meaningful correlations between key factors in this study confirmed that hyperprolactinemia induced the suppression of sex hormones, and possibly led to the higher bone turnover. These results indicate that measurement of the resorption marker TRACP-5b might be useful to clarify the pathology of BMD loss.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuou-ku, Chiba, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Kyoji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okita
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuou-ku, Chiba, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; Division of Medical Treatment and Rehabilitation, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuou-ku, Chiba, Chiba 260-8670, Japan. Electronic address: kanahara@faculty.chiba-u.jp.
authors.forename: Nobuhisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kanahara
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuou-ku, Chiba, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; Clinical Proteomics Research Center, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuou-ku, Chiba, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuou-ku, Chiba, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Motoi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.affiliation: Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuou-ku, Chiba, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 1 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8562, Japan.
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yasui-Furukori
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuou-ku, Chiba, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomihisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Niitsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuou-ku, Chiba, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Taisuke
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuou-ku, Chiba, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Masatomo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuou-ku, Chiba, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuou-ku, Chiba, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; Clinical Proteomics Research Center, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuou-ku, Chiba, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuou-ku, Chiba, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuou-ku, Chiba, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaomi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iyo
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000097:blood* / Q000139:chemically induced*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006966:Hyperprolactinemia / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012737:Sex Factors; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D007527:Isoenzymes; D013739:Testosterone; D004958:Estradiol; D011388:Prolactin; C000605510:ACP5 protein, human; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase
keywords: Antipsychotics; Bone turnover; Osteoporosis; Schizophrenia; TRACP-5b