title: High-protein formulas: evidence for use in preterm infants.
abstract: Relatively high amounts of protein are required to achieve normal fractional protein synthetic rates during the late second through early third trimester of fetal growth. Once preterm infants achieve higher protein intakes for sustained periods, growth begins to approximate that of the normally growing fetus and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes are improved. Preterm formulas have been developed that are enriched in protein. This review discusses several factors when using standard preterm formulas and high-protein preterm formulas in the neonatal intensive care unit, with an emphasis on quantity and quality of enteral protein delivery and risks to insufficient and/or excess protein administration.
authors.affiliation: Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Mail Stop F441, 13243 East 23rd Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. Electronic address: Laura.Brown@ucdenver.edu.
authors.forename: Laura D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.affiliation: Department of Food & Nutrition, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Hospital, Mail Stop F763, 12605 East 16th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
authors.forename: Kendra
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hendrickson
authors.affiliation: Clinical Nutrition Research, Abbott Nutrition, 10 Pine Ridge Loop, Durango, CO 81301, USA.
authors.forename: Marc L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Masor
authors.affiliation: Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Mail Stop F441, 13243 East 23rd Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
authors.forename: William W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Hay
mesh_terms: D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D041943:Infant Formula / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007227:Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000502:physiology*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000254:growth & development*; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal
keywords: Enteral feeding; Formulas; High-protein formulas; Premature infant formulas; Prematurity; Preterm; Preterm formulas; Protein