title: Does long-term use of silver nanoparticles have persistent inhibitory effect on H. pylori based on Mongolian gerbil's model?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is urgent to find alternative agents due to increasing failure rate of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication. The study surveyed the long-term effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) on H. pylori based on Mongolian gerbil's model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty gerbils were randomly allocated to six groups (A-F). Group (Gr) A: the gerbils were fed with broth; Gr B and D: the gerbils were fed with AgNP/clay complex (0.1% of weight); Gr C and E: the gerbils were fed with AgNP/clay complex(1% of weight); and Gr D, E, and F: the gerbils were inoculated with H. pylori. At the 20th experimental week, the gerbils were sacrificed. Histology was evaluated according to the classification of the Sydney system. P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The AgNP/clay has more obvious inhibitory effect on H. pylori in vitro. There was a trend of higher concentrations of AgNP with stronger inhibitory effect on H. pylori growth (P = 0.071). There were no significant differences of inflammation among groups D, E, and F (P = 0.688).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AgNP/clay would be a potential and safe agent for inhibiting H. pylori. It should be helpful for eradication of H. pylori infection.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Tz-You 1st Road, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan ; Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chao-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Tz-You 1st Road, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan ; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Tz-You 1st Road, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chien-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yuan-Chieh
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chieh
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chin
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Tz-You 1st Road, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Bi-Chuang
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Tz-You 1st Road, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan ; Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chung-Jung
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Tz-You 1st Road, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan ; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yen-Hsu
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Lin-Li
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, College of Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 824, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Fu-Chen
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Tz-You 1st Road, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan ; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Tz-You 1st Road, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan ; Division of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung City 812, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Deng-Chyang
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, 250, Kuo-Kuang Road, Taichung City 402, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hong-Lin
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Su
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005849:Gerbillinae / Q000382:microbiology*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D007249:Inflammation / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012834:Silver / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013270:Stomach / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D012834:Silver