title: An experimental model of chronic rhinosinusitis in rabbits without bacterial inoculation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Evaluate and compare two different experimental techniques of maxillary sinus ostium occlusion using N-butyl cyanoacrylate in developing chronic histological findings without the inoculation of pathogenic bacteria among rabbits.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a randomized study, sixteen New Zealand rabbits were assigned for occlusion of the right maxillary sinus through a transmaxillary approach or through the roof of the nasal cavity. The contralateral sinus served as a control. After 12 weeks, the animals were sacrificed for blinded histopathological analysis of the maxillary sinus mucosa.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Histopathological changes consistent with CRS were found in eight (100%) of the maxillary sinuses approached transmaxillary and three of those through the roof of the nasal cavity (37.5%), p 0.008 and 0.250, respectively, comparing with the control side. Chronic mucosal changes were significantly better induced using the transmaxillary approach (p 0.026).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is possible to induce a model of chronic sinusitis among rabbits with transmaxillary sinus occlusion without bacterial inoculation. This model can be replicated for future cellular studies.
authors.affiliation: Rio Grande do Sul Federal University, Brazil.
authors.forename: Raphaella de Oliveira
authors.initials: Rde O
authors.lastname: Migliavacca
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, UFRGS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Otávio Bejzman
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Piltcher
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, UFRGS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lúcia Maria
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Kliemann
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, UFRGS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcelle Reesink
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Cerski
authors.affiliation: Experimental Research Center, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabíola
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.affiliation: Porto Alegre Clinics Hospital, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paula de Oliveira
authors.initials: Pde O
authors.lastname: Oppermann
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, UFRGS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Geraldo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Machado Filho
authors.affiliation: UFRGS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Suzie Hyeona
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, UFRGS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sady Selaimen da
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Costa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001706:Biopsy; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004659:Enbucrilate; D008297:Male; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D011817:Rabbits; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004659:Enbucrilate