title: KNOW-KT (KoreaN cohort study for outcome in patients with kidney transplantation: a 9-year longitudinal cohort study): study rationale and methodology.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Asian patients undergoing kidney transplantation (KT) generally have better renal allograft survival and a lower burden of cardiovascular disease than those of other racial groups. The KNOW-KT aims to explore allograft survival rate, cardiovascular events, and metabolic profiles and to elucidate the risk factors in Korean KT patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  KNOW-KT is a multicenter, observational cohort study encompassing 8 transplant centers in the Republic of Korea. KNOW-KT will enroll 1,000 KT recipients between 2012 and 2015 and follow them up to 9 years. At the time of KT and at pre-specified intervals, clinical information, laboratory test results, and functional and imaging studies on cardiovascular disease and metabolic complications will be recorded. Comorbid status will be assessed by the age-adjusted Charlson co-morbidity index. Medication adherence and information on quality of life (QoL) will be monitored periodically. The QoL will be assessed by the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form. Donors will include both living donors and deceased donors whose status will be assessed by the Kidney Donor Risk Index. Primary endpoints include graft loss and patient mortality. Secondary endpoints include renal functional deterioration (a decrease in eGFR to <30 mL/min/1.73 m2), acute rejection, cardiovascular event, albuminuria, new-onset diabetes after transplant, and QoL. Data on other adverse outcomes including episodes of infection, malignancy, recurrence of original renal disease, fracture, and hospitalization will also be collected. A bio-bank has been established for the acquisition of DNA, RNA, and protein from serum and urine samples of recipients at regular intervals. Bio-samples from donors will also be collected at the time of KT. KNOW-KT was registered in an international clinical trial registry (NCT02042963 at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov) on January 20th, 2014.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The KNOW-KT, the first large-scale cohort study in Asian KT patients, is expected to represent the Asian KT population and provide information on their natural course, complications, and risk factors for complications.
authors.forename: Jaeseok
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Joongyup
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kyu Ha
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Huh
authors.forename: Jae Berm
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jang-Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Sik
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ro
authors.forename: Seung-Yeup
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Young Hoon
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jong Cheol
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Byung-Joo
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Duck Jong
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Sung-Bae
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Wookyung
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Sung Kwang
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Chan-Duck
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sung Joo
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yu Seun
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Transplantation Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. curie@snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Curie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ahn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality*; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000401:mortality*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000401:mortality*; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery*; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012107:Research Design; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult