title: Effects of in vitro conditions on the survival of Alaria alata mesocercariae.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different concentrations of table salt (NaCl) and ethanol (v/v) solutions on the viability of Alaria alata mesocercariae. Furthermore, the survival of A. alata mesocercariae during simulated human gastric digestion was evaluated. For this purpose, A. alata mesocercariae migration technique (AMT) was used for the isolation of the parasite from high-positive A. alata mesocercariae meat from wild boar, raccoon, raccoon dog, and badger meat. In total, we have studied the behavior of 582 larvae under different conditions (NaCl, ethanol, and artificial gastric juice) in three independent in vitro experiments. The larvae survived at a NaCl concentration of up to 2.0% until day 21 with a median survival time of 11 days. At 3.0% NaCl concentration, the larvae lost their vitality after less than 24 h. In addition, it was found that ethanol concentrations from 8.0 to 70.0% were effective at reducing survival of A. alata mesocercariae within a short period of time (<1 min). Finally, our studies have revealed that it required 120 min to reliably inactivate all A. alata mesocercariae within HCl-pepsin digestion solution with a pH of 1.5-2.0 at 37°C. Consequently, the results showed that 3.0% is the minimum concentration of NaCl in meat products recommended for human consumption because at lower NaCl concentration the parasite survived for a substantial period of time. Finally, the common concentrations of ethanol used for the disinfection of surfaces in household and/or laboratory, are sufficient for the inactivation of A. alata mesocercariae.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, hiromi.fuentes@vetmed.uni-leipzig.de.
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: González-Fuentes
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Riehn
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koethe
authors.forename: Eberhard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: von Borell
authors.forename: Ernst
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Luecker
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hamedy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000737:chemistry*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D005750:Gastric Juice / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008460:Meat / Q000469:parasitology*; D045969:Mustelidae / Q000469:parasitology; D046031:Raccoon Dogs / Q000469:parasitology; D011821:Raccoons / Q000469:parasitology; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry; D034421:Sus scrofa / Q000469:parasitology; D014200:Trematoda / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*
chemical_list: D004202:Disinfectants; D000431:Ethanol; D012965:Sodium Chloride