title: Chemokines profiling of patients with preterm birth.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nowadays it is thought that the main cause of premature birth is subclinical infection. However, none of the currently used methods provide effective prevention to preterm labor. The aim of the study was to determine the concentration of selected chemokines in sera of patients with premature birth without clinical signs of infection (n = 62), threatened preterm labor (n = 47), and term births (n = 28).
  
  
  METHODS
  To assess the concentration of chemokines in the blood serum, we used a multiplex method, which allows the simultaneous determination of 40 chemokines per sample. The sets consist of the following chemokines: 6Ckine/CCL21, Axl, BTC, CCL28, CTACK/CCL27, CXCL16, ENA-78/CXCL5, Eotaxin-3/CCL26, GCP-2/CXC, GRO (GRO α /CXCL1, GRO β /CXCL2 and GRO γ /CXCL3), HCC-1/CCL14, HCC-4/CCL16, IL-9, IL-17F, IL18-BPa, IL-28A, IL-29, IL-31, IP-10/CXCL10, I-TAC/CXCL11, LIF, LIGHT/TNFSF14, Lymphotactin/XCL1, MCP-2/CCL8, MCP-3/CCL7, MCP-4/CCL13, MDC/CCL22, MIF, MIP-3 α /CCL20, MIP-3- β /CCL19, MPIF-1/CCL23, NAP-2/CXCL7, MSP α , OPN, PARC/CCL18, PF4, SDF-1/CXCL12, TARC/CCL17, TECK/CCL25, and TSLP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We showed possible implication of 4 chemokines, that is, HCC-4, I-TAC, MIP-3 α , and TARC in women with symptoms of preterm delivery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  On the basis of our findings, it seems that the chemokines may play role in the pathogenesis of preterm labor. Defining their potential as biochemical markers of preterm birth requires further investigation on larger group of patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Perinatology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, 15-276 Podlasie, Poland ; Department of Perinatology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Bialystok, Marii Sklodowskiej Curie 24a, 15-273 Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8955-8198
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Laudanski
authors.affiliation: Department of Perinatology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, 15-276 Podlasie, Poland.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lemancewicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Perinatology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, 15-276 Podlasie, Poland.
authors.forename: Pawel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kuc
authors.affiliation: Department of Perinatology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, 15-276 Podlasie, Poland.
authors.forename: Karol
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Charkiewicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Perinatology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, 15-276 Podlasie, Poland.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5207-2290
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ramotowska
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Computer Science, Bialystok University of Technology, Bialystok, 15-351 Podlasie, Poland.
authors.forename: Malgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kretowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Perinatology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, 15-276 Podlasie, Poland.
authors.forename: Elwira
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jasinska
authors.affiliation: Institute of Obstetric and Emergency Medicine, University of Rzeszow, Żurawica, 37-710 Podkarpackie, Poland.
authors.forename: Grzegorz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Raba
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Pathology of Pregnancy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, 20-081 Lubelskie, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Karwasik-Kajszczarek
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Pathology of Pregnancy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, 20-081 Lubelskie, Poland.
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kraczkowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Perinatology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, 15-276 Podlasie, Poland.
authors.forename: Tadeusz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Laudanski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D054414:Chemokine CCL17 / Q000097:blood; D054418:Chemokine CCL20 / Q000097:blood; D054371:Chemokine CXCL11 / Q000097:blood; D018925:Chemokines / Q000097:blood*; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000097:blood; D002821:Chorioamnionitis / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007752:Obstetric Labor, Premature / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012372:ROC Curve; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: C481939:CCL16 protein, human; C106230:CCL17 protein, human; C108355:CCL20 protein, human; C515202:CXCL11 protein, human; D054414:Chemokine CCL17; D054418:Chemokine CCL20; D054371:Chemokine CXCL11; D018925:Chemokines; D019742:Chemokines, CC