title: Serum and bronchial aspiration fluid HE-4 levels in lung cancer.
abstract: Human epididymis 4 (HE-4) protein has been proposed as a tumor marker for lung and ovarian cancer. This study was designed to measure HE-4 levels in bronchial aspiration fluid (BAF) of patients with lung cancer and to describe the relationship of BAF HE-4 with known systemic increase in serum HE-4 levels. Sixty-four patients with lung cancer, 38 with benign lung disease and 19 healthy subjects, were enrolled in our study. The BAF was obtained during routine bronchoscopic procedure in patient groups. HE-4 levels in serum and BAF were measured with the commercially available kit by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum HE-4 levels were significantly higher in patients with lung cancer group (204.2 ± 22.9 pmol/L) than in benign lung disease group (135 ± 26.9 pmol/L, p = 0.001) and healthy subjects (14.8 ± 7.0 pmol/L, p < 0.0001). No significant difference was observed in terms of BAF HE-4 values in two patient groups. BAF HE-4 levels were significantly higher than those of serum levels in both patient groups (p < 0.0001). Serum HE-4 level was correlated with tumor stage (p = 0.001) and age (p < 0.0001) in the lung cancer group. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of serum HE-4 was 0.784 (95 % confidence interval (CI), 0.701-0.867) and that of BAF HE-4 was 0.496 (95 % CI, 0.382-0.610). This study shows that a systemic increase in serum of HE-4 is more prominent than a local increase of HE-4 (BAF), so this may suggest the feasibility of using serum instead of BAF samples for HE-4 measurements in lung cancer cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Diseases, School of Medicine, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey, eucar1979@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Elif Yilmazel
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Ucar
authors.forename: Alev Lazoglu
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Ozkaya
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Araz
authors.forename: Metin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akgun
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meral
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kaynar
authors.forename: Leyla
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Saglam
authors.forename: Hulya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aksoy
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Akcay
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000378:metabolism*; D001980:Bronchi / Q000378:metabolism*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D012372:ROC Curve; D000081102:WAP Four-Disulfide Core Domain Protein 2
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; D000081102:WAP Four-Disulfide Core Domain Protein 2; C569698:WFDC2 protein, human