title: Biphasic products of dicalcium phosphate-rich cement with injectability and nondispersibility.
abstract: In this study, a calcium phosphate cement was developed using tetracalcium phosphate and surface-modified dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA). This developed injectable bone graft substitute can be molded to the shape of the bone cavity and set in situ through the piping system that has an adequate mechanical strength, non-dispersibility, and biocompatibility. The materials were based on the modified DCPA compositions of calcium phosphate cement (CPC), where the phase ratio of the surface-modified DCPA is higher than that of the conventional CPC for forming dicalcium phosphate (DCP)-rich cement. The composition and morphology of several calcium phosphate cement specimens during setting were analyzed via X-ray diffractometry and transmission electron microscopy coupled with an energy dispersive spectroscopy system. The compressive strength of DCP-rich CPCs was greater than 30MPa after 24h of immersion in vitro. The reaction of the CPCs produced steady final biphasic products of DCPs with apatite. The composites of calcium phosphate cements derived from tetracalcium phosphate mixed with surface-modified DCPA exhibited excellent mechanical properties, injectability, and interlocking forces between particles, and they also featured nondispersive behavior when immersed in a physiological solution.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Medical Devices and Composites Laboratory, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung, 407, Taiwan; Dental Medical Devices and Materials Research Center, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Ling
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Department of Orthopaedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jian-Chih
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Dental Medical Devices and Materials Research Center, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chun-Cheng
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.affiliation: Dental Medical Devices and Materials Research Center, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jen-Chyan
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Department of Orthopaedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yin-Chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Tien
authors.affiliation: Advanced Medical Devices and Composites Laboratory, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung, 407, Taiwan. Electronic address: wencchen@fcu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Wen-Cheng
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D001031:Apatites / Q000737:chemistry; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D019245:Compressive Strength; D006882:Hydroxyapatites / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D013499:Surface Properties; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D001031:Apatites; D001843:Bone Cements; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D006882:Hydroxyapatites; C074950:hydroxyapatite-beta tricalcium phosphate; C485830:tetracalcium phosphate; C485829:calcium phosphate, dibasic, anhydrous
keywords: Biphasic; Calcium phosphate cement (CPC); Dispersibility; Hydroxyapatite; Nanocrystals