title: MicroRNA profiling of rats with ochratoxin A nephrotoxicity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nephrotoxicity is the most prominent one among the various toxicities of ochratoxin A (OTA). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that have an impact on a wide range of biological processes by regulating gene expression at post-transcriptional level or protein systhesis level. The objective of this study is to analyze miRNA profiling in the kidneys of rats gavaged with OTA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  To profile miRNAs in the kidneys of rats with OTA nephrotoxicity, high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics approaches were applied to analyze the miRNAs in the kidney of rats following OTA treatment. A total of 409 known miRNAs and 8 novel miRNAs were identified in the kidney and the levels of the novel miRNAs were varied in response to different doses of OTA. Expression of miR-129, miR-130a, miR-130b, miR-141, miR-218b and miR-3588 were uniquely suppressed in mid dose but then elevated in high dose, with opposite expression to their target genes. The expression pattern was closely related with the "MAPK signaling pathway". Dicer1 and Drosha were significantly suppressed, indicating an impairment of miRNA biogenesis in response to OTA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The abrogation of miRNA maturation process suggests a new target of OTA toxicity. Moreover, the identification of the differentially expressed miRNAs provides us a molecular insight into the nephrtoxicity of OTA.
authors.forename: Qiu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Jue
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Xiaozhe
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of food safety and molecular biology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 302 box, No,17, Qinghua East Rd, Beijing, Haidian District 100083, P R China. xuwentao@cau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Wentao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Xiaoyun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Mingzhang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Harsh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dweep
authors.forename: Wen-Hsing
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Yunbo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gretz
authors.forename: Kunlun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D009793:Ochratoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs; D009793:Ochratoxins; C025589:ochratoxin A