title: Species-Specific Regulation of t-PA and PAI-1 Gene Expression in Human and Rat Astrocytes.
abstract: In recent years, the role and physiological regulation of the serine protease tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and its inhibitors, including plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1), in the brain have received much attention. However, as studies focusing these issues are difficult to perform in humans, a great majority of the studies conducted to date have utilized rodent in vivo and/or in vitro models. In view of the species-specific structural differences present in both the t-PA and the PAI-1 promoters, we have compared the response of these genes in astrocytes of rat and human origin. We reveal marked quantitative and qualitative species-specific differences in gene induction following treatment with various physiological and pathological stimuli. Thus, our findings are of importance for the interpretation of previous and future results related to t-PA and PAI-1 expression.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section for Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tjärnlund-Wolf
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section for Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hultman
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section for Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Fredrik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Blomstrand
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section for Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. ; Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.affiliation: Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Department of Clinical Haematology, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Medcalf
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jern
keywords: astrocytes; gene expression; plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1; species-specific; tissue-type plasminogen activator