title: [Ultrasonographic characteristics of haemophilic arthropathy in the knee joints].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the characteristics of ultrasonography in haemophilic arthropathy in knee joints.
  
  
  METHODS
  The knee joints (n=135) of 68 patients with haemophilia A (n=59) or haemophilia B (n=9) were consecutively evaluated with ultrasonography and scored according to MELCHIORRE ultrasound score. The correlations between ultrasound score and the number of knee joint bleeding episodes, age, and World Federation Haemophilic orthopedic (WFHO) score were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  68 male patients with median age 20 (3-48) years old were enrolled in this study. The prevalences of hydrops articuli, fibrotic septa, synovial hypertrophy, synovial hypertrophy with angiogenesis, haemosiderin deposition were 39.2% (53/135), 3.0% (4/135), 77.0% (104/135), 49.6% (67/135), 37.8% (51/135), respectively; and the prevalences of cartilage damage, bone erosion, bone remodeling, osteophytes were 63.7% (86/135), 48.1% (65/135), 3.0% (4/135), 13.3% (18/135) respectively. The average ultrasound score was 5.21[95% CI (4.50-5.93)]. The ultrasound score of knees joints according to age 0-6, 7-18 and > 18 years old groups were 0.63[95% CI (0.15-1.10)], 2.88[95% CI (1.90-3.85)], 7.83[95% CI (7.07-8.60)], respectively; and the difference among groups was statistically significant (P<0.01). The significant difference of ultrasound score was not found among moderate, mild and severe haemophilia (F=0.90, P=0.914). A significant positive correlation between ultrasound and WFHO scores was demonstrated (r=0.745, P<0.01). The ultrasound score increased significantly with the increase of number of knee bleed Episodes (F=49.926, P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The main characteristics of ultrasonography of haemophilic arthropathy in knee joints were identified as followings: synovial hypertrophy, cartilage damage, bone erosion, hydrops articuli, and haemosiderin deposition. Ultrasonography was a fast, effective, safe, and available inspection method in assessment of haemophilic arthropathy.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS & PUMC, Tianjin 300020, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS & PUMC, Tianjin 300020, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS & PUMC, Tianjin 300020, China.
authors.forename: Bingmei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lyu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS & PUMC, Tianjin 300020, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS & PUMC, Tianjin 300020, China.
authors.forename: Qingli
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS & PUMC, Tianjin 300020, China.
authors.forename: Xinjuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS & PUMC, Tianjin 300020, China.
authors.forename: Dongshuang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS & PUMC, Tianjin 300020, China.
authors.forename: Wenfeng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS & PUMC, Tianjin 300020, China.
authors.forename: Wenjun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS & PUMC, Tianjin 300020, China.
authors.forename: Yuxia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS & PUMC, Tianjin 300020, China.
authors.forename: Renchi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006467:Hemophilia A / Q000150:complications*; D002836:Hemophilia B / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007592:Joint Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014463:Ultrasonography; D055815:Young Adult