title: Biomass and lipid production of Chlorella protothecoides under heterotrophic cultivation on a mixed waste substrate of brewer fermentation and crude glycerol.
abstract: Biomass and lipid accumulation of heterotrophic microalgae Chlorella protothecoides by supplying mixed waste substrate of brewer fermentation and crude glycerol were investigated. The biomass concentrations of the old and the new C. protothecoides strains on day 6 reached 14.07 and 12.73 g/L, respectively, which were comparable to those in basal medium with supplement of glucose and yeast extract (BM-GY) (14.47 g/L for old strains and 11.43 g/L for new strains) (P>0.05). Approximately 81.5% of total organic carbon and 65.1% of total nitrogen in the mixed waste were effectively removed. The accumulated lipid productivities of the old and the new C. protothecoides strains in BM-GY were 2.07 and 1.61 g/L/day, respectively, whereas in the mixed waste, lipid productivities could reach 2.12 and 1.81 g/L/day, respectively. Our result highlights a new approach of mixing carbon-rich and nitrogen-rich wastes as economical and practical alternative substrates for biofuel production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Science, Biosystems Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaoyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Science, Biosystems Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA. Electronic address: walker4@clemson.edu.
authors.forename: Terry H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Science, Biosystems Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
authors.forename: William C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Bridges
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Science, Biosystems Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Thornton
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Science, Biosystems Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
authors.forename: Karthik
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gopalakrishnan
mesh_terms: D056804:Biofuels; D018533:Biomass; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D002244:Carbon / Q000378:metabolism; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002708:Chlorella / Q000378:metabolism*; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry*; D005990:Glycerol; D008055:Lipids / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000737:chemistry; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D003470:Culture Media; D008055:Lipids; D002244:Carbon; D009584:Nitrogen; D005990:Glycerol
keywords: Biomass accumulation; Brewer fermentation waste; Chlorella protothecoides; Crude glycerol; Lipid productivity