title: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in well-differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fetal adenocarcinoma of the lung is a rare subtype of pulmonary adenocarcinoma with a relative estimated incidence of 0.5% or fewer of all lung cancers. Because of its extreme rarity, there have been no controlled clinical trials investigating treatment regimens for fetal adenocarcinoma and, as a result, there are no guidelines for management.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report a case of a well-differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma, which is a variant of pulmonary blastoma, that is a low-grade malignancy and associated with a good prognosis. A 29-year-old Moroccan man presented with a well-differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma staged T3N0M0, who received 3 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery, with no recurrence at 2 years follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fetal adenocarcinoma is a rare suptype of adenocarcinoma. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice for resectable disease. The role of chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant setting or adjuvant setting is not well defined.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, National Institute of Oncology, Rabat, Morocco. s.lkhoyaali@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sihame
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lkhoyaali
authors.forename: Saber
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boutayeb
authors.forename: Nabil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ismaili
authors.forename: Meriem
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aitelhaj
authors.forename: Fahd
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ouchen
authors.forename: Abdellatif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Benosman
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Errihani
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D000077192:Adenocarcinoma of Lung; D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001706:Biopsy; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed