title: [Recent evolution of the epidemiological profile of extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing uropathogenic enterobacteria in Marrakech, Morocco].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Urinary tract infection by extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) is a growing infection risk and may even lead in many cases to therapeutic impasses because of their multidrug resistance.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Follow, over a 5-year period, the evolution of the epidemiological profile of uropathogenic ESBL-E and describe their current level of antibiotic resistance.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective work was made over a period of 5 years (from 1st January 2008 to 31st December 2012). It focused on all the ESBL-E strains isolated from all the urinary samples at the microbiology laboratory of Avicenne hospital, Marrakech (Morocco).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We noticed in 5 years, an important increase in the prevalence of ESBL-E. The higher prevalence of ESBL-E (51%) was recorded in the urology department. The study of the antibiotic resistance of the ESBL-E had shown antibiotic co-resistances to the ciprofloxacin (82%), to sulfamethoxazole-trimethropim (85%), to gentamicin (74%), to amikacine (51%). Our results also showed, for the first time in our region, an emergence in the resistance of enterobacteria producing ESBL to imipenem (10%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The significant increase in the prevalence of ESBL-E has become a concern at the hospitals and in community medicine as well. The study of the resistance of ESBL-E strains antibiotics showed high rates of co-resistance to antibiotics, including the usual urology molecules.
  
  
  METHODS
  5.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de bactériologie et virologie, hôpital militaire et universitaire Avicenne, Marrakech, Maroc; Faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, université Mohammed V-Souissi-Rabat, Souissi-Rabat, Maroc. Electronic address: medbouamri1@gmail.com.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: El Bouamri
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de bactériologie et virologie, hôpital militaire et universitaire Avicenne, Marrakech, Maroc; Faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, université Cadi Ayyad-Marrakech, Marrakech, Maroc.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Arsalane
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de bactériologie et virologie, hôpital militaire et universitaire Avicenne, Marrakech, Maroc; Faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, université Cadi Ayyad-Marrakech, Marrakech, Maroc.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kamouni
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de bactériologie et virologie, hôpital militaire et universitaire Avicenne, Marrakech, Maroc; Faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, université Mohammed V-Souissi-Rabat, Souissi-Rabat, Maroc.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berraha
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de bactériologie et virologie, hôpital militaire et universitaire Avicenne, Marrakech, Maroc; Faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, université Mohammed V-Souissi-Rabat, Souissi-Rabat, Maroc.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zouhair
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000378:metabolism; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D009018:Morocco / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001618:beta-Lactamases
keywords: Co-resistance; Co-résistance; Enterobacteriaceae; Entérobactéries; Extended-spectrum β-lactamase; β-lactamases à spectre étendu