title: Application of electro-enhanced solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the determination of tricyclic antidepressants in environmental water samples.
abstract: A fast and efficient method for the determination of tricyclic antidepressants using electro-enhanced solid phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has been developed. One advantage of this approach is that the mass transfer of target analytes from the sample solution to an SPME fiber can be accelerated by the electrical field, improving extraction selectivity and efficiency. In the present work, the target analytes extracted to the SPME fiber were thermally desorbed in the GC injection port after extraction. Under the optimized extraction conditions, the developed method exhibited low limits of detection (between 0.079 and 0.296μg/L) and good linearity over the concentration range of between 1 and 500μg/L with coefficients of determination (r(2)) of between 0.993 and 0.999. The relative standard deviations were lower than 9.2% for all analytes. The proposed method was applied to extract tricyclic antidepressants in environmental water samples.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
authors.forename: Ruyi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore; National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, 5A Engineering Drive 1, T-Lab Building #02-01, Singapore 117411, Singapore. Electronic address: chmleehk@nus.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Hian Kee
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D057230:Limit of Detection; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Electro-enhanced solid phase microextraction; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; Tricyclic antidepressants