title: Wartime upper extremity injuries: experience from the Kabul International Airport combat support hospital.
abstract: Few epidemiologic studies have been published about the surgical management of wartime upper extremity injuries (UEIs). The purpose of the present report was to analyze upper extremity combat-related injuries (CRIs) and non-combat related injuries (NCRIs) treated in the Kabul International Airport Combat Support Hospital. A retrospective study was conducted using the French surgical database OpEX (French military health service) from June 2009 to January 2013. During this period, 491 patients with a mean age of 28.7 ± 13 years were operated on because of an UEI. Among them, 244 (49.7%) sustained CRIs and 247 (50.3%) sustained NCRIs. A total number of 558 UEIs were analyzed. Multiple UEIs and associated injuries were significantly more common in the CRIs group. Debridement was the most common procedure in both groups. External fixator application, delayed primary closure and flap coverage were predominant in the CRIs group, as well as internal fracture fixation and tendon repair in the NCRIs group. The overall number of surgical episodes was significantly higher in the CRIs group. Due to the high frequency of UEIs in the theatres of operations, deployed orthopedic surgeons should be trained in basic hand surgery. Although the principles of CRIs treatment are well established, management of hand NCRIs remains controversial in this setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Desgenettes Military Hospital, 108, boulevard Pinel, 69275 Lyon cedex 03, France. Electronic address: laurent.mathieu69@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mathieu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Desgenettes Military Hospital, 108, boulevard Pinel, 69275 Lyon cedex 03, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bertani
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Saint-Anne Military Hospital, 2, boulevard Saint-Anne, 83800 Toulon cedex 09, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gaillard
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Bégin Military Hospital, 69, avenue de Paris, 94160 Saint-Mandé, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ollat
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Percy Military Hospital, 101, avenue Henri-Barbusse, 92140 Clamart, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rigal
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Desgenettes Military Hospital, 108, boulevard Pinel, 69275 Lyon cedex 03, France.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rongiéras
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000346:Afghanistan; D000671:Amputation, Surgical; D001458:Bandages; D002648:Child; D003646:Debridement; D000071938:Fasciotomy; D005260:Female; D005592:Fracture Fixation; D005602:France; D006772:Hospitals, Military; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008887:Military Medicine; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013165:Splints; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery*; D014857:Warfare; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery
keywords: Afghanistan; Chirurgie de guerre; Hand; Main; Membre supérieur; Trauma; Traumatisme; Upper extremity; War surgery