title: Effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on proliferation and neural phenotype differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether ginsenoside Rg1 can promote neural phenotype differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  hASCs were isolated from lipo-aspirates, and characterized by specific cell markers and multilineage differentiation capacity after culturing to the 3rd passage. Cultured hASCs were treated with neural inductive media alone (group A, control) or inductive media plus 10, 50, or 100 μg/mL ginsenoside Rg1 (groups B, C, and D, respectively). Cell proliferation was assessed by CCK-8 assay. Neuron specific enolase (NSE) and microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP-2) levels were measured by Western blot. mRNA levels of growth associated protein-43 (GAP-43), neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), and synapsin-1 (SYN-1) were determined by real-time PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ginsenoside Rg1 promoted the proliferation of hASCs (groups B, C, and D) and resulted in higher expression of NSE and MAP-2 compared with the control group. Gene expression levels of GAP-43, NCAM, and SYN-1 in the test groups were higher than that in thw control. The results displayed a dose-dependent effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on cell proliferation and neural phenotype differentiation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicated that ginsenoside Rg1 promotes cell proliferation and neural phenotype differentiation of hASCs in vitro, suggesting a potential use for hASCs in neural regeneration medicine.
authors.affiliation: a Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Fang-Tian
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Hong-Mian
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Qing-Shui
authors.initials: QS
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Shi-En
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Da-Lie
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nan
authors.forename: Zhi-An
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Kun-Ming
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D036145:Ginsenosides; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C035054:ginsenoside Rg1
keywords: adipose-derived stem cells; cell proliferation; cell therapy; cellules souches dérivées du tissu adipeux; différenciation induite; ginsenoside Rg1; ginsénoside Rg1; induced differentiation; neural phenotype; neural regeneration; phénotype neural; prolifération cellulaire; régénération neurale; thérapie cellulaire