title: Altered nutrient response of mTORC1 as a result of changes in REDD1 expression: effect of obesity vs. REDD1 deficiency.
abstract: Although aberrant mTORC1 signaling has been well established in models of obesity, little is known about its repressor, REDD1. Therefore, the initial goal of this study was to determine the role of REDD1 on mTORC1 in obese skeletal muscle. REDD1 expression (protein and message) and mTORC1 signaling (S6K1, 4E-BP1, raptor-mTOR association, Rheb GTP) were examined in lean vs. ob/ob and REDD1 wild-type (WT) vs. knockout (KO) mice, under conditions of altered nutrient intake [fasted and fed or diet-induced obesity (10% vs. 60% fat diet)]. Despite higher (P < 0.05) S6K1 and 4E-BP1 phosphorylation, two models of obesity (ob/ob and diet-induced) displayed elevated (P < 0.05) skeletal muscle REDD1 expression compared with lean or low-fat-fed mouse muscle under fasted conditions. The ob/ob mice displayed elevated REDD1 expression (P < 0.05) that coincided with aberrant mTORC1 signaling (hyperactive S6K1, low raptor-mTOR binding, elevated Rheb GTP; P < 0.05) under fasted conditions, compared with the lean, which persisted in a dysregulated fashion under fed conditions. REDD1 KO mice gained limited body mass on a high-fat diet, although S6K1 and 4E-BP1 phosphorylation remained elevated (P < 0.05) in both the low-fat and high-fat-fed KO vs. WT mice. Similarly, the REDD1 KO mouse muscle displayed blunted mTORC1 signaling responses (S6K1 and 4E-BP1, raptor-mTOR binding) and circulating insulin under fed conditions vs. the robust responses (P < 0.05) in the WT fed mouse muscle. These studies suggest that REDD1 in skeletal muscle may serve to limit hyperactive mTORC1, which promotes aberrant mTORC1 signaling responses during altered nutrient states.
authors.affiliation: Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York; davidwil@buffalo.edu.
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Williamson
authors.affiliation: Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York;
authors.forename: Zhuyun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Program in Translational Lung Research, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado;
authors.forename: Rubin M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Tuder
authors.affiliation: Research Division, Quark Pharmaceuticals, Ness Ziona, Israel; and.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Feinstein
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Scot R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Kimball
authors.affiliation: Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York;
authors.forename: Cory M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Dungan
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000818:Animals; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000379:methods; D039642:Eukaryotic Initiation Factors; D005502:Food; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D000076222:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000502:physiology; D038744:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 90-kDa / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; C469992:Ddit4 protein, mouse; C499527:Eif4ebp1 protein, mouse; D039642:Eukaryotic Initiation Factors; D007328:Insulin; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000076222:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; D038744:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 90-kDa; C512964:Rps6ka1 protein, mouse; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
keywords: Rheb; diet-induced obesity; fasted; fed; raptor