title: Nonfunctional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.
abstract: Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors are a group of rare, heterogeneous neoplasms that have been increasing in incidence the past few decades largely because of the diagnosis of pancreatic incidentalomas on cross-sectional imaging. Although these tumors are classically associated with clinical syndromes that result from excess secretion of particular hormones, most pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors are nonfunctional tumors presenting with symptoms secondary to mass effect, metastatic disease, or as incidental findings. This article reviews the diagnostic algorithm, surgical management, and available systemic therapies for nonfunctional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.
authors.affiliation: Division of GI/Endocrine Surgery, Columbia University, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, 8th Floor, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: COACH Education, Endocrine Surgery, Adrenal Center, New York Thyroid/Parathyroid Center, Simulation Center, Columbia University, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, 8th Floor, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address: jal74@columbia.edu.
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of GI/Endocrine Surgery, Columbia University, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, 8th Floor, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Chabot
mesh_terms: D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D033162:Incidental Findings; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D011379:Prognosis
keywords: Neuroendocrine; Neuroendocrine liver metastases; Nonfunctional; PanNET; Pancreas