title: Estimation of bone loss biomarkers as a diagnostic tool for peri-implantitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aims of this study are to estimate the profile of bone loss biomarkers in peri-implant tissues and to identify potential prognostic biomarkers of peri-implantitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Peri-implant crevicular fluid samples collected from 164 participants (52 patients with peri-implantitis, 54 with mucositis, and 58 with healthy peri-implant tissues) were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to evaluate concentrations of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK), soluble RANK ligand (sRANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), cathepsin-K, and sclerostin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Concentrations of RANK, sRANKL, OPG, and sclerostin were significantly increased in patients with peri-implantitis compared with patients with healthy peri-implant tissues. Comparisons between peri-implantitis and mucositis demonstrated significantly higher values of sclerostin in peri-implantitis samples. Comparisons between mucositis and healthy peri-implant tissues showed significantly increased levels of RANK and cathepsin-K in mucositis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results are suggestive of a role of sRANKL, OPG, and sclerostin as prognostic biomarkers in peri-implantitis.
authors.affiliation: Department for Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Mia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rakic
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Struillou
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Petkovic-Curcin
authors.forename: Smiljana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matic
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Canullo
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanz
authors.forename: Danilo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vojvodic
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D056657:Cathepsin K / Q000032:analysis; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015921:Dental Implants; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D005260:Female; D005819:Genetic Markers; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D052016:Mucositis / Q000378:metabolism; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000032:analysis; D057873:Peri-Implantitis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000378:metabolism; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000378:metabolism; D010519:Periodontium / Q000737:chemistry; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000032:analysis; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D015415:Biomarkers; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D015921:Dental Implants; D005819:Genetic Markers; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D053245:RANK Ligand; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; C422903:SOST protein, human; C505686:TNFRSF11A protein, human; C506030:TNFRSF11B protein, human; C505688:TNFSF11 protein, human; C534130:CTSK protein, human; D056657:Cathepsin K
keywords: Biological markers; RANK ligand; cathepsin K; osteoprotegerin; peri-implantitis