title: Fungal enzyme production and biodegradation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in contaminated sawmill soil.
abstract: The current treatment method for PCDD/F-contaminated soil, which fulfils the requirements for POP soils, is incineration at high temperature. In this study, we investigated if bioaugmentation with fungal inoculum or treatment with manganese peroxidase (MnP) enzyme preparation could be used instead. The main source of PCDD/F contamination in Finland has been the national production and use of a chlorophenol containing wood preservative, which contained PCDD/Fs as impurities. Therefore, historically contaminated soils from three sawmill sites were used in the experiments. In bioaugmentation experiments with living fungal mycelia, enzyme production, CO2 production and degradation of chlorinated dioxins were measured. When cell free MnP preparation was added to the soil, it was likewise important to follow how enzyme activity was maintained in the soil. As a result of this study, we showed that fungi were able to efficiently degrade PCDD/F, but surprisingly the addition of MnP preparation did not have any effect to the PCDD/F concentration. However, substantial amounts of MnP activity were found in the soil still after 10d of incubation. Treatment with either Stropharia rugosoannulata or Phanerochaete velutina resulted in 62-64% decrease in WHO-TEQ value in 3months. One critical factor for efficient biodegradation was strong growth of fungal mycelia in non-sterile contaminated soil.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Festus
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Anasonye
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Aalto University School of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland. Electronic address: erika.winquist@aalto.fi.
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Winquist
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kluczek-Turpeinen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Aalto University School of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Räsänen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Aalto University School of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland.
authors.forename: Kalle
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Salonen
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Kari T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Steffen
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Marja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tuomela
mesh_terms: D001572:Benzofurans / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000032:analysis; D005387:Finland; D005658:Fungi / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D017745:Incineration; D010544:Peroxidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001572:Benzofurans; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D010544:Peroxidases; C051129:manganese peroxidase
keywords: Biodegradation; Fungi; Phanerochaete velutina; Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins; Polychlorinated dibenzofurans; Stropharia rugosoannulata