title: Antitrypanosomal screening and cytotoxic effects of selected medicinal plants.
abstract: Trypanosoma evansi, the causative agent of "surra", infects many species of wild and domestic animals worldwide. In the current study, the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of six medicinal plants, namely, Aquilaria malaccensis, Derris elliptica, Garcinia hombroniana, Goniothalamus umbrosus, Nigella sativa, and Strobilanthes crispus were screened in vitro for activity against T. evansi. The cytotoxic activity of the extracts was evaluated on green monkey kidney (Vero) cells using MTT-cell proliferation assay. The median inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of the extracts ranged between 2.30 and 800.97 μg/ml and the median cytotoxic concentrations (CC50) ranged between 29.10 μg/ml and 14.53 mg/ml. The aqueous extract of G. hombroniana exhibited the highest selectivity index (SI) value of 616.36, followed by A. malaccensis aqueous extract (47.38). Phytochemical screening of the G. hombroniana aqueous extract revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, tannins, and saponins. It is demonstrated here that the aqueous extract of G. hombroniana has potential antitrypanosomal activity with a high SI, and may be considered as a potential source for the development of new antitrypanosomal compounds.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: H O
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Dyary
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Arifah
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rasedee
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Mohd-Aspollah
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Z A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Zakaria
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zuraini
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Somchit
mesh_terms: D027901:Acanthaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D029866:Derris / Q000737:chemistry; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029760:Garcinia / Q000737:chemistry; D054335:Goniothalamus / Q000737:chemistry; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D029645:Thymelaeaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D014344:Trypanocidal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014345:Trypanosoma / Q000187:drug effects*; D014352:Trypanosomiasis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology; D014709:Vero Cells
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014344:Trypanocidal Agents