title: Fluoride release of glass ionomer restorations after bleaching with two different bleaching materials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to evaluate the effect of two bleaching agents on the fluoride release of three types of glass ionomer materials.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 90 specimens of the tested materials (Ketac Fil, Photac Fil and F2000) were prepared by a split Teflon ring with an internal diameter of 5 mm and thickness of 2 mm. The tested materials were applied and bleached according to manufacturer instructions. Fluoride release measurements were made by using specific ion electrode.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results revealed that bleaching with opalescence Xtra caused little increase in fluoride release from Ketac Fil and Photac Fil but has no effect on F2000. However, Opalescence Quick had no significant effect on the three tested materials.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bleaching effect on fluoride release is material dependent and time has a significant role on fluoride release.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Al-Baath University, Homs, Syria.|Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Al-Farabi College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Kusai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Baroudi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Al-Farabi College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Rasha Said
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Mahmoud
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Diagnosis, Al-Farabi College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Bassel
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tarakji
keywords: Bleaching; fluoride release; glass ionomer