title: Deployment of response surface methodology to optimize recovery of dark fresh fig (Ficus carica L., var. Azenjar) total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity.
abstract: Optimum conditions for extracting total phenolic compounds (TPC) and antioxidant activity from fresh dark fig (Ficus carica L.) have been investigated using response surface methodology (RSM). The Box-Behnken design was used to investigate the effects of three independent variables, acetone concentration (40-80%), temperature (25-65 °C), and time (60-120 min), on the response. Regression analysis showed that about 96% of the variation was explained by the models. P-value for the lack of fit was insignificant which confirmed the validity of models. Response surface analysis showed that the optimal extraction parameters that maximized antioxidants extraction were 63.48% acetone, 115.14 min, and 48.66 °C. Under optimum conditions the corresponding experimental values for TPC and antioxidant activity were 536.43 and 71.86 mg GAE/100 g DM. The experimental values are in accordance with those predicted, indicating the suitability of the model and the success of RSM in optimizing the extraction conditions.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria. Electronic address: bachirbeymustapha@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mostapha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bachir Bey
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria.
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Meziant
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria.
authors.forename: Yassine
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Benchikh
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria.
authors.forename: Hayette
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Louaileche
mesh_terms: D000096:Acetone; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D030681:Ficus / Q000737:chemistry*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010636:Phenols / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012997:Solvents; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents; D000096:Acetone
keywords: Antioxidant activity; Fresh dark fig; Optimization of extraction; Response surface methodology; Total phenolic compounds