title: Electronically implemented clinical indicators based on a data warehouse in a tertiary hospital: its clinical benefit and effectiveness.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Assessing and monitoring care and service using clinical indicators (CIs) can allow the measurement of and lead to improvements in the quality of care. However, the management and maintenance of CI data has been shown to be difficult because the data are usually collected and provided manually. In this study, for the purpose of efficient managing quality indicators, a data warehouse (DW)-based CI monitoring system was developed. The clinical effectiveness and efficiency of a DW-based CI monitoring was investigated through several case studies of the system's operation at a tertiary hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study analyzed the CIs that have been developed over the past 8 years at a 1340-bed tertiary general university hospital in South Korea to improve and monitor the quality of care and patient safety. The hospital was opened as a fully digital hospital in 2003, and the CIs were computerized in 2005 by implementing a DW-based CI monitoring system. We classified the computerized CIs and evaluated the monitoring results for several representative CIs, such as the optimal prescribing of preventive antibiotics, the average length of stay, the mortality rate, and the rehospitalization rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the development of the system in 2005, 12 of 19 CIs were computerized, and this number gradually increased until 299 of 335 CIs were computerized by 2012. In addition, among the CIs built computationally through the CI task force team, focal CIs subject to monitoring were selected annually, and the results of this monitoring were shared with all of the staff or the related department and its staff. By providing some examples of our CI monitoring results, we showed the feasibility of improving the quality of care, and maintaining the optimum level of patient care with less labor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study provide evidence regarding the clinical effectiveness and efficiency as well as the systems operation experience of a DW-based CI monitoring system. These findings may aid medical institutions that plan on computerizing CIs with respect to decision and policy making regarding their systems development and operations.
authors.affiliation: Center of Medical Informatics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sooyoung
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Center of Medical Informatics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, South Korea.
authors.forename: Seok
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Center of Medical Informatics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kee-Hyuck
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, South Korea.
authors.forename: Chang Wook
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Dermatology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Woong
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Youn
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kyoung Un
authors.initials: KU
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Management Innovation Department, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, South Korea.
authors.forename: So Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Center of Medical Informatics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, South Korea. Electronic address: neuroandy@snubh.org.
authors.forename: Hee
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hwang
mesh_terms: D019992:Databases as Topic / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D016347:Medical Records Systems, Computerized; D019984:Quality Indicators, Health Care; D056910:Republic of Korea; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers
keywords: Data warehouse; Health information management; Hospital information systems; Integrated advanced information management systems; Quality of care