title: Identification of a novel lncRNA in gluteal adipose tissue and evidence for its positive effect on preadipocyte differentiation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Peripheral lower body fat is associated with lower cardiometabolic risk. Physiological differences in gluteal compared with abdominal subcutaneous (sc) adipocyte functions are known but the molecular basis for depot differences in adipocyte function is poorly understood. Our goal is to identify novel gene regulatory pathways that underlie the heterogeneity of human fat distribution.
  
  
  METHODS
  Abdominal and gluteal adipose tissue aspirates obtained from 35 subjects (age = 30 ± 1.6 years; BMI = 27.3 ± 1.3 kg/m(2) ) were analyzed using Illumina microarrays and confirmed by RT-PCR. The HOTAIR gene was stably transfected into primary cultured human abdominal sc preadipocytes using a lentivirus and effects on adipogenic differentiation were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A long noncoding RNA, HOTAIR that was expressed in gluteal but not in Abd sc adipose tissue was identified. This difference was retained throughout in vitro differentiation and was maximal at day 4. Ectopic expression of HOTAIR in abdominal preadipocytes produced an increase in differentiation as reflected by a higher percentage of differentiated cells, and increased expression of key adipogenic genes including PPARγ and LPL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HOTAIR is expressed in gluteal adipose and may regulate key processes in adipocyte differentiation. The role of this lncRNA in determining the metabolic properties of gluteal compared with abdominal adipocytes merits further study.
authors.affiliation: Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes, Florida Hospital, Sanford/Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, Florida, USA; Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford/Burnham Medical Research Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Adeline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Divoux
authors.forename: Kalypso
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Karastergiou
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Weimen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Ranjan J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Perera
authors.forename: Susan K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Fried
authors.forename: Steven R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D000328:Adult; D050218:Body Fat Distribution; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C561566:HOTAIR long untranslated RNA, human; D047495:PPAR gamma; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding
keywords: HOTAIR; adipogenic differentiation; gluteal adipose tissue