title: The protective effect of rosmarinic acid on hyperthermia-induced C2C12 muscle cells damage.
abstract: High temperature will cause animal tissues or cells damage. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a good antioxidant and health care product, but the roles of RA in muscle cells damage and the mechanisms which caused by high temperature is still unknown. In this study, the roles of RA on hyperthermia-induced apoptosis and damage of C2C12 muscle cells were investigated. C2C12 cells were cultured in medium with different concentration (0, 25, 50, 100 µM) RA and treated in 42 °C high temperature to induce cellular apoptosis and damage. Then, these cells were analyzed effect of different dose of RA on cells apoptosis and damage. The results indicated that RA has protective effect on heat-stress induced cellular damage, and the cells have the higher cell viability at the dose of 50 µM RA by MTT assay. Hochest33342/PI double staining showed that the cellular apoptosis of C2C12 cells were decreased in the presence of selected 50 µM RA. Malondialdehyde formation and reactive oxygen species levels were also decreased significantly, but cellular superoxide dismutase activity was increased significantly in the presence of RA even in the condition of 42 °C. Meanwhile, Caspase-3 mRNA expression, Caspase-3 activity, and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio were reduced significantly, but the mRNA expression of Hsp72 was increased significantly in those hyperthermia-induced C2C12 cells in the presence of 50 µM RA. Taken together, the results at least discovered that RA has protective effects on hyperthermia-induced cellular apoptosis and damage of muscle cells by change the expression of stress-genes and increasing intracellular antioxidant capability.
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1# Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Kun-Lin
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hui-Xia
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xing-Lian
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Guang-Hong
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053630:Depsides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050884:HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018869:Heat-Shock Response; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D032342:Muscle Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D053148:Caspase 3; D002934:Cinnamates; D053630:Depsides; D050884:HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid; C494827:Bax protein, mouse; C505409:Casp3 protein, mouse