title: Enzyme-like activity of nanomaterials.
abstract: Due to possessing an extremely small size and a large surface area per unit of volume, nanomaterials have specific characteristic physical, chemical, photochemical, and biological properties that are very useful in many new applications. Nanoparticles' catalytic activity and intrinsic ability in generating or scavenging reactive oxygen species in general can be used to mimic the catalytic activity of natural enzymes. Many nanoparticles with enzyme-like activities have been found, potentially capable of being applied for commercial uses, such as in biosensors, pharmaceutical processes, and the food industry. To date, a variety of nanoparticles, especially those formed from noble metals, have been determined to possess oxidase-like, peroxidase-like, catalase-like, and/or superoxide dismutase-like activity. The ability of nanoparticles to mimic enzymatic activity, especially peroxidase mimics, can be used in a variety of applications, such as detection of glucose in biological samples and waste water treatment. To study the enzyme-like activity of nanoparticles, the electron spin resonance method represents a critically important and convenient analytical approach for zero-time detection of the reactive substrates and products as well as for mechanism determination.
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province, Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials , Xuchang University , Xuchang , Henan , China.
authors.forename: Weiwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Wayne
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wamer
authors.forename: Qingsu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Jun-jie
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Peter P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Fu
mesh_terms: D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D002374:Catalase; D009195:Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase
keywords: Nanomaterial; catalase-like activity, superoxide dismutase-like activity; electron spin resonance; peroxidase-like activity, oxidase-like activity