title: Pediatric infectious endophthalmitis: a review.
abstract: Infectious endophthalmitis is a rare but severe complication of septecemia, intraocular surgeries, or penetrating eye trauma. The etiology, prognosis, and management of pediatric endophthalmitis resulting from exogenous and endogenous infections are reviewed. Open-globe trauma and glaucoma surgery are the most frequent causes of endophthalmitis in children, whereas endogenous infection is the least common cause. Streptococcus and Staphylococcus species are common bacterial agents in both posttraumatic and postoperative pediatric endophthalmitis, whereas Candida albicans is a commonly reported organism in endogenous endophthalmitis. Additionally, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae appear more likely as pathogens in children than in adults. The clinical manifestations and outcome usually correlate with the virulence of the infecting organism. The visual prognosis of endophthalmitis is generally poor.
authors.forename: Sharaf
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Athwal
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zarbin
authors.forename: Neelakshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bhagat
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D015818:Eye Infections, Bacterial; D015821:Eye Infections, Fungal; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant