title: Expressed emotions in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder: a case control study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Expressed emotion (EE) is the attitude that the relatives show towards the illness and the person. EE is identified as a direct factor in the relapse of patients with psychological disorders. Literature on EE in anxiety disorders is limited. Role of EE in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) may help in better understanding of the role of social factors in OCD.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare EE in patients with OCD and compare with controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample included 30 cases and 30 age and sex matched controls. The patients were diagnosed as having OCD using International Classification of Diseases-10 Diagnostic Criteria for Research (ICD-10 DCR) criteria. Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) was used to assess severity of OCD among patients. General health questionnaire (GHQ) was used to rule out any psychiatric disorder among control population. EE was assessed in cases and controls using Family Emotional Involvement and Criticism Scale (FEICS). Chi-square test and t-test were used to assess the difference between two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  OCD patients in comparison controls had significantly increased total FEICS score (P = 0.001). There was an increase in both subscales of perceived criticism (PC) with P = 0.001 and emotional involvement (EI) with P = 0.001 in patients with OCD than controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EE are significantly increased in patients with OCD. EE should be assessed regularly in patients with OCD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Karnataka Lingayat Education University's Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belgaum, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Sateesh R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Koujalgi
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Karnataka Lingayat Education University's Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belgaum, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Raghavendra B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Nayak
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Karnataka Lingayat Education University's Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belgaum, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Nanasaheb M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Karnataka Lingayat Education University's Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belgaum, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Sameeran S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Chate
keywords: Emotional involvement; expressed emotions; obsessive compulsive disorder; perceived criticism