title: Lipid and protein oxidation in newborn infants after lutein administration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis that neonatal supplementation with lutein in the first hours of life reduces neonatal oxidative stress (OS) in the immediate postpartum period.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized controlled, double-blinded clinical trial was conducted among 150 newborns divided into control group, not supplemented (n = 47), and test group, supplemented with lutein on the first day postpartum (n = 103). Blood Samples were collected at birth from cord and at 48 hrs postpartum while routine neonatal metabolic screenings were taking place. Total hydroperoxide (TH), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and biological antioxidant potential (BAP) were measured by spectrophotometry and data were analyzed by Wilcoxon rank sum test and by multivariate logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Before lutein supplementation, the mean blood concentrations of AOPP, TH, and BAP were 36.10 umol/L, 156.75 mmol/H2O2, and 2361.04 umol/L in the test group. After lutein supplementation, significantly higher BAP increment (0.17 ± 0.22 versus 0.06 versus ± 0.46) and lower TH increment (0.46 ± 0.54 versus 0.34 ± 0.52) were observed in the test group compared to controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neonatal supplementation with lutein in the first hours of life increases BAP and reduces TH in supplemented babies compared to those untreated. The generation of free radical-induced damage at birth is reduced by lutein. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02068807.
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Care Unit, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University Hospital of Siena, Viale M. Bracci 16, 53100 Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Perrone
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Care Unit, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University Hospital of Siena, Viale M. Bracci 16, 53100 Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tei
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Care Unit, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University Hospital of Siena, Viale M. Bracci 16, 53100 Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Longini
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Care Unit, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University Hospital of Siena, Viale M. Bracci 16, 53100 Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Santacroce
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Care Unit, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University Hospital of Siena, Viale M. Bracci 16, 53100 Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Turrisi
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Care Unit, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University Hospital of Siena, Viale M. Bracci 16, 53100 Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Proietti
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Care Unit, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University Hospital of Siena, Viale M. Bracci 16, 53100 Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Felici
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Care Unit, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University Hospital of Siena, Viale M. Bracci 16, 53100 Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Picardi
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Care Unit, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University Hospital of Siena, Viale M. Bracci 16, 53100 Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bazzini
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, New Clinical Hospital of Prato, Via Suor Niccolina Infermiera 20, Galciana, 59100 Prato, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vasarri
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Care Unit, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University Hospital of Siena, Viale M. Bracci 16, 53100 Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Buonocore
mesh_terms: D062107:Advanced Oxidation Protein Products / Q000097:blood; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D019540:Area Under Curve; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000097:blood; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D016015:Logistic Models; D014975:Lutein / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D012372:ROC Curve; D013053:Spectrophotometry
chemical_list: D062107:Advanced Oxidation Protein Products; D000975:Antioxidants; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D014975:Lutein