title: Early experience with ultrasound features after intrabeam intraoperative radiation for early stage breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) is an emerging option for partial breast radiotherapy in select women with early stage breast cancer. We assessed short-term clinical and sonographic findings after breast conservation (BCT) and IORT.
  
  
  METHODS
  An IRB-approved, single institution retrospective chart review was conducted of patients (pts) treated with BCT/IORT from 1/2011 to 6/2012. Follow-up clinical breast exams and ultrasounds (US) obtained 6 and 12 months after BCT/IORT were retrospectively reviewed by a single breast radiologist (JD) for sonographic findings. P values were calculated using McNemar's test, Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test, and Chi-square.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-one pts underwent BCT/IORT and 38 pts had an US. All 38 pts had a seroma, 10/38 (26%) pts were symptomatic. Eighteen pts had deep tissue closure (DTC) of the lumpectomy cavity with 5/18 (28%) DTC pts being symptomatic at follow-up versus 5/33 (15%) without DTC (P = 0.296). At 6 months, DTC resulted in smaller seroma cavity volumes compared to those without DTC (P = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Presence of a seroma is commonplace post BCT/IORT; symptomatic seromas are uncommon. DTC generated smaller seromas. Longer follow-up with serial US performed in all BCT/IORT pts could be considered to document natural progression/regression of symptoms and seromas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Women's Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.
authors.forename: Rachel N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Goble
authors.forename: Jennifer S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Drukteinis
authors.forename: M Catherine
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Nazanin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Khakpour
authors.forename: John V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Kiluk
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Laronga
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D002285:Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D018275:Carcinoma, Lobular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D011878:Radiotherapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D049291:Seroma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D016217:Ultrasonography, Mammary
keywords: breast conserving surgery; early stage breast cancer; intrabeam; intraoperative radiation; partial breast radiation