title: Diversity of Penicillium section Citrina within the fynbos biome of South Africa, including a new species from a Protea repens infructescence.
abstract: During a survey of the fynbos biome in the Western Cape of South Africa, 61 Penicillium species were isolated and nine belong to Penicillium section Citrina. Based on morphology and multigene phylogenies, section Citrina species were identified as P. cairnsense, P. citrinum, P. pancosmium, P. pasqualense, P. sanguifluum, P. sizovae, P. sumatrense and P. ubiquetum. One of the species displayed unique phenotypic characters and DNA sequences and is described here as P. sucrivorum. Multigene phylogenies consistently resolved the new species in a clade with P. aurantiacobrunneum, P. cairnsense, P. miczynksii, P. neomiczynskii and P. quebecense. However, ITS, β-tubulin and calmodulin gene sequences are unique for P. sucrivorum and growth rates on various media, the ability to grow at 30 C, a positive Ehrlich reaction and the absence of sclerotia on all media examined, distinguish P. sucrivorum from all of its close relatives.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa; Biodiversity (Mycology), Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0C6 Canada.
authors.forename: Cobus M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Visagie
authors.affiliation: Biodiversity (Mycology), Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0C6 Canada.
authors.forename: Keith A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Seifert
authors.affiliation: CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jos
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Houbraken
authors.affiliation: CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Samson
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa kj@sun.ac.za.
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jacobs
mesh_terms: D044822:Biodiversity; D017753:Ecosystem; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010407:Penicillium / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010802:Phylogeny; D039105:Proteaceae / Q000382:microbiology*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013019:South Africa; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification
keywords: arthropod vectoring; biodiversity; consilient taxonomy; mites