title: Novel operative anoscope for Ferguson hemorrhoidectomy: a feasibility study and comparative cohort analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Operative hemorrhoidectomy can result in pain and altered continence from excessive excision of anoderm or surrounding tissue. We assessed a novel low-profile slotted anoscope to determine if the device would promote safe dissection, lessen trauma, and reduce operative times for hemorrhoidectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients requiring hemorrhoidectomy (June 2008 - January 2010) underwent a prospective phase-2 trial evaluating a new operating anoscope (CAD, Ethicon Endosurgery, Cincinnati, OH). Demographics and perioperative end points including bleeding, pain, fecal incontinence, stenosis, and symptom recurrence were analyzed at 4 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively. We compared these to patients undergoing hemorrhoidectomy (February 2010 - November 2012) with a traditional Hill-Ferguson anoscope (THF).
  
  
  RESULTS
  40 patients (CAD, 20 vs THF, 20) were included. Presenting symptoms were similar, whereas mean duration of symptoms was longer for CAD (41.2 ± 8.4 vs 27 ± 9.5 months; P < .05). Estimated blood loss was lower for CAD [8.3 mL (range = 2-40 mL) vs 11.3 mL THF (range = 5-35 mL; P = .87)]. Mean operative times were lower for the CAD than the THF group (15.6 ± 3.4 vs 26.1 ± 4.1 minutes; P < .05). Visual analog pain scores were non-significantly increased in the THF group at 4 weeks (P = .23). At 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year, there was no difference in continence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CAD anoscope reduced operative times for modified Ferguson (closed) hemorrhoidectomy when compared with traditional retractors. There was no difference in incontinence or pain between groups.
authors.affiliation: Case Western University, Cleveland, OH, USA brad.champagne@uhhospitals.org.
authors.forename: Bradley J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Champagne
authors.affiliation: Case Western University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Sharon L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.affiliation: Case Western University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Manjunath
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haridas
authors.affiliation: Case Western University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Bridgett
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ermlich
authors.affiliation: Case Western University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.affiliation: Case Western University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Madigan Army Medical Center, Joint Base Lewis-McChord, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Eric K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Madigan Army Medical Center, Joint Base Lewis-McChord, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Scott R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Steele
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004867:Equipment Design; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D061865:Hemorrhoidectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D006484:Hemorrhoids / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013525:Surgical Instruments
keywords: Ferguson; anoscope; hemorrhoidectomy; hemorrhoids