title: Behaviour of oxyfluorfen in soils amended with edaphic biostimulants/biofertilizers obtained from sewage sludge and chicken feathers. Effects on soil biological properties.
abstract: We studied the behaviour of oxyfluorfen herbicide at a rate of 4 l ha(-1) on biological properties of a Calcaric Regosol amended with two edaphic biostimulants/biofertilizers (SS, derived from sewage sludge; and CF, derived from chicken feathers). Oxyfluorfen was surface broadcast on 11 March 2013. Two days after application of oxyfluorfen to soil, both biostimulants/biofertilizers (BS) were also applied to the soil. An unamended soil without oxyfluorfen was used as control. For 2, 4, 7, 9, 20, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days of the application of herbicide to the soil and for each treatment, the soil dehydrogenase, urease, β-glucosidase and phosphatase activities were measured. For 2, 7, 30 and 120 days of the application of herbicide to the soil and for each treatment, soil microbial community was determined. The application of both BS to soil without the herbicide increased the enzymatic activities and soil biodiversity, mainly at 7 days of beginning the experiment. However, this stimulation was higher in the soil amended with SS than for CF. The application of herbicide in organic-amended soils decreased the inhibition of soil enzymatic activities and soil biodiversity. Possibly, the low-molecular-weight protein content easily assimilated by soil microorganisms is responsible for less inhibition of these soil biological properties.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Prof. García González 2, 41012, Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Morgado
authors.forename: Isidoro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Parrado
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tejada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D044822:Biodiversity; D002645:Chickens; D005241:Feathers / Q000737:chemistry*; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000737:chemistry*; D006540:Herbicides / Q000737:chemistry*; D064307:Microbiota; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000737:chemistry; D012722:Sewage / Q000382:microbiology*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D014510:Urease / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D006540:Herbicides; D012722:Sewage; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C016027:oxyfluorofen; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D014510:Urease