title: LittlEARS(®) early speech production questionnaire validation in hearing Turkish infants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The LEESPQ validated on hearing, German infants is a standardized tool examining preverbal speech development. This study aims to validate the LEESPQ on hearing, Turkish infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a prospective, cross-sectional validation study using the LEESPQ in Turkish. The LEESPQ was filled in once for each hearing infant. Data for ≥10 infants was collected at 19 test intervals, ≥ 0-1, ≥ 1-2……, ≥18-19 months. Psychometric validation was performed through confirmatory factor analysis, item response analysis, item analysis, and analysis of reliability and validity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The LEESPQ was found to be gender independent, have high predictive accuracy and almost exclusively assess speech production ability. A very high correlation between total score and chronological age means score can be interpreted as child's speech production developmental age. Expected and minimum scores were defined for each monthly interval.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The LEESPQ (Turkish) has clinical value to confirm typical speech production development and detect potential problems.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Koşaner
authors.forename: Samime
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sonugüler
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Oğut
authors.forename: Tayfun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kirazlı
authors.forename: Deniz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Uruk
authors.forename: Raziye
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Örnekçi
authors.forename: Edda
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Amann
mesh_terms: D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D006309:Hearing / Q000502:physiology*; D006320:Hearing Tests; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007804:Language Development; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011594:Psychometrics; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013068:Speech Production Measurement / Q000379:methods*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014421:Turkey
keywords: LittleEARS test battery; Normal hearing Turkish infants; Validation