title: Dietary capsaicin ameliorates pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis through the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dietary capsaicin plays a protective role in hypertension, atherosclerosis, obesity, and hyperlipidemia through activating the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1), a nonselective cation channel. This study was designed to investigate the role of capsaicin in cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in a pressure overload model.
  
  
  METHODS
  TRPV1 knockout (KO) mice and their wild-type (WT) littermates, aged 8 weeks, were randomly divided into sham and aortic banding surgery groups and were fed with chow or chow plus capsaicin for 10 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dietary capsaicin significantly attenuates pressure overload-induced increase in heart weight index, enlargement of ventricular volume, decrease in cardiac function, and increase in cardiac fibrosis in WT mice. However, these effects of capsaicin were absent in TRPV1 KO mice. Additionally, capsaicin blunted pressure overload-induced upregulation of transforming growth factor β, connective tissue growth factor, and the phosphorylation of Smad2/3 in WT mice but not in TRPV1 KO mice. Moreover, capsaicin attenuated pressure overload-induced overexpression of metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9 and MMP-13 in WT mice but not in TRPV1 KO mice. Capsaicin also attenuated angiotensin II-induced proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts from mice with the TRPV1 channel.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that dietary capsaicin protects against cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in pressure overload mice through TRPV1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
authors.forename: Shuangtao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
authors.forename: De
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
authors.forename: Chenming
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
authors.forename: Yongjian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China. y.dachun@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Dachun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002211:Capsaicin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005355:Fibrosis; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D050916:TRPV Cation Channels / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D050916:TRPV Cation Channels; C494484:TRPV1 receptor; D002211:Capsaicin
keywords: blood pressure; capsaicin; cardiac fibrosis; cardiac hypertrophy; hypertension; transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1.