title: Two types of alcohol dehydrogenase from Perilla can form citral and perillaldehyde.
abstract: Studies on the biosynthesis of oil compounds in Perilla will help in understanding regulatory systems of secondary metabolites and in elucidating reaction mechanisms for natural product synthesis. In this study, two types of alcohol dehydrogenases, an aldo-keto reductase (AKR) and a geraniol dehydrogenase (GeDH), which are thought to participate in the biosynthesis of perilla essential oil components, such as citral and perillaldehyde, were isolated from three pure lines of perilla. These enzymes shared high amino acid sequence identity within the genus Perilla, and were expressed regardless of oil type. The overall reaction from geranyl diphosphate to citral was performed in vitro using geraniol synthase and GeDH to form a large proportion of citral and relatively little geraniol as reaction products. The biosynthetic pathway from geranyl diphosphate to citral, the main compound of citral-type perilla essential oil, was established in this study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29, Yoshida-Shimoadachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sato-Masumoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29, Yoshida-Shimoadachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. Electronic address: michihoi@pharm.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Michiho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D000074408:Aldo-Keto Reductases; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D053898:Biosynthetic Pathways; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D011756:Diphosphates; D004224:Diterpenes; D015870:Gene Expression; D015723:Gene Library; D007700:Kinetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D031343:Perilla / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013729:Terpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D011756:Diphosphates; D004224:Diterpenes; D039821:Monoterpenes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010938:Plant Oils; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D013729:Terpenes; C511282:geranyl diphosphate; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid; C058216:perilla seed oil; C033342:perillaldehyde; D000074408:Aldo-Keto Reductases; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase; C007836:geraniol; C007076:citral
keywords: Aldo–keto reductase; Biosynthetic pathway; Citral; Essential oil; Geraniol; Geraniol dehydrogenase; Labiatae; Perilla; Sequential enzymatic reaction