title: Technique of injection of onabotulinumtoxin A for chronic migraine: the PREEMPT injection paradigm.
abstract: In 2013 the Italian Pharmacy Agency (AIFA) approved onabotulinumtoxin A injection to prevent headaches in adult patients with chronic migraine (headaches on at least 15 days per month of which at least 8 days are with migraine) that has not responded to at least three prior pharmacological prophylaxis therapies and whose condition is appropriately managed for medication overuse. In the present paper we report the method of injection of Onabotulinumtoxin A for chronic migraine based on the PREEMPT paradigm as described by Blumenfeld et al. (Headache 50:1406-1418, 2010) adapted to our clinical setting.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurology, Brescia General Hospital, Piazza Spedali Civili 1, Brescia, Italy, paolo.liberini@tin.it.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liberini
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pari
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gazzina
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Caratozzolo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Padovani
mesh_terms: D065087:Acetylcholine Release Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006257:Head; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects; D009333:Neck; D019233:Retreatment; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D065087:Acetylcholine Release Inhibitors; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A