title: Process evaluation of "Girls on the Run": exploring implementation in a physical activity-based positive youth development program.
abstract: Many positive youth development programs rely on physical activity as a primary program component. Referred to as physical activity-based youth development programs, these program designs have great potential for promoting healthy youth development. This study examined how one such physical activity-based positive youth development program was implemented in order to identify design features critical to maximizing positive youth outcomes. This mixed method, multi-site process evaluation of Girls on the Run (GOTR) utilized focus groups, site visits, and self-report implementation checklists. Implementation scores were calculated to assess implementation fidelity across twenty-nine sites, and qualitative data were inductively analyzed to identify factors influential for implementation. Results reveal variability in how GOTR was implemented. Five themes emerged from the data that represented factors serving as facilitators or barriers to programmatic implementation. These included contextual/environmental factors (e.g., parental involvement, relationships with school personnel), organizational factors (e.g., implementation support and responsiveness of staff), program-specific factors (e.g., curriculum design), coach factors (e.g., existing relationships with participants, responsiveness to participant's needs), and youth factors (e.g., behavioral and discipline issues). Study findings have implications for improving the design of physical activity-based and other positive youth development programs, with relevance to evaluators, program planners, youth development leaders, and others working with children and youth.
authors.affiliation: College of Social Work, University of South Carolina, 328 DeSaussure, Columbia, SC 29204, USA. Electronic address: iachini@mailbox.sc.edu.
authors.forename: Aidyn L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Iachini
authors.affiliation: Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, 1st Fl. Suite, RM 131, Columbia, SC 29208, USA. Electronic address: beets@mailbox.sc.edu.
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Beets
authors.affiliation: School of Social Work, College of Human Sciences and Education, Louisiana State University, 203 Huey P. Long Field House, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA. Electronic address: aball@lsu.edu.
authors.forename: Annahita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ball
authors.affiliation: GOTR of Columbia Council Director, 1625 Charleston Highway, Suite C, West Columbia, SC 29250, USA. Electronic address: mary.lohman@girlsontherun.org.
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lohman
mesh_terms: D002170:Canada; D002648:Child; D003479:Curriculum; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006126:Group Processes; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D017064:Process Assessment, Health Care; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D014481:United States
keywords: Implementation; Physical activity; Process evaluation; Youth development