title: Endoscopic third ventriculostomy for hydrocephalus due to tectal glioma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tectal gliomas commonly present with hydrocephalus from obstruction of the aqueduct of Sylvius. The creation of a ventriculostomy in the floor of the third ventricle (ETV) has been previously reported to by-pass aqueduct obstruction. The goal of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of ETV in the presence of an obstructing tectal glioma.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the clinical presentation, management, and clinical outcome after ETV in patients diagnosed with tectal glioma and obstructive hydrocephalus in our institution over a period of 15 years. Shunt freedom at follow-up was the main outcome variable. Long-term clinical outcome was assessed at the most recent clinic visit. Clinical outcome was ranked as excellent, good, or poor according to resolution of symptoms and patient functional status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median age at presentation was 16.5 years (range: 6.4 to 59 years) and the most common presenting symptom was headache. Eleven patients had ETV as a primary procedure and three patients underwent ETV as a substitute for shunt revision at the time of shunt failure. At follow-up (median 3.9 years, range: 2.2 to 7 years) 13 of 14 patients remain shunt independent with excellent (n=9) or good outcomes (n=5).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with tectal glioma causing obstructive hydrocephalus, ETV can be performed safely in the primary setting or as a substitute for shunt revision. A high rate of shunt freedom (78%-100%) at prolonged follow-up can be expected in this patient population.
authors.forename: Roberto Jose
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Diaz
authors.forename: Fady M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Girgis
authors.forename: Mark G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Hamiltonn
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005910:Glioma / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D003336:Tectum Mesencephali / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D020542:Third Ventricle / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014696:Ventriculostomy / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult