title: Crystalline anatase-rich titanium can reduce adherence of oral streptococci.
abstract: Dental implant abutments that emerge through the mucosa are rapidly covered with a salivary protein pellicle to which bacteria bind, initiating biofilm formation. In this study, adherence of early colonizing streptococci, Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus mitis and Streptococcus sanguinis to two saliva-coated anodically oxidized surfaces was compared with that on commercially pure titanium (CpTi). Near edge X-ray absorption (NEXAFS) showed crystalline anatase was more pronounced on the anodically oxidized surfaces than on the CpTi. As revealed by fluorescence microscopy, a four-species mixture, as well as individual bacterial species, exhibited lower adherence after 2 h to the saliva-coated, anatase-rich surfaces than to CpTi. Since wettability did not differ between the saliva-coated surfaces, differences in the concentration and/or configuration of salivary proteins on the anatase-rich surfaces may explain the reduced bacterial binding effect. Anatase-rich surfaces could thus contribute to reduced overall biofilm formation on dental implant abutments through diminished adherence of early colonizers.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Odontology , Malmö University , SE-205 06, Malmö , Sweden.
authors.forename: Marjan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dorkhan
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Uvdal
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sandell
authors.forename: Gunnel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Svensäter
authors.forename: Julia R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Davies
mesh_terms: D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development*; D000044:Dental Abutments / Q000382:microbiology*; D015921:Dental Implants; D006801:Humans; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry; D013045:Species Specificity; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000502:physiology*; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D056928:X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium
keywords: dental implant abutment; early colonizers; microbial biofilm; oral bacteria; salivary pellicle; titanium oxide