title: Loss of venous integrity in cerebral small vessel disease: a 7-T MRI study in cerebral autosomal-dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous pathological studies in humans or in animal models have shown alterations of small arteries and veins within white matter lesions in cerebral small vessel disease. We aimed to evaluate in vivo, the integrity of the cerebral venous network using high-resolution MRI both within and outside white matter hyperintensities in cerebral autosomal-dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL).
  
  
  METHODS
  High-resolution T2*-weighted images were obtained at 7-T in 13 CADASIL patients with no or only mild symptoms and 13 age- and sex-matched controls. Macroscopic veins were automatically counted in the centrum semiovale and compared between patients and controls. In addition, T2* was compared between groups in the normal-appearing white matter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vein density was found lower in CADASIL patients compared with that in controls (-14.6% in patients, P<0.001). This was detected both within and outside white matter hyperintensities. Mean T2*, that is presumably inversely related to the venous density, was also found increased in normal-appearing white matter of patients (+7.2%, P=0.006). All results were independent from the extent of white matter hyperintensities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A significant reduction in the number of visible veins was observed in the centrum semiovale of CADASIL patients both within and outside white matter hyperintensities, together with an increase of T2* in the normal-appearing white matter. Additional studies are needed to decipher the exact implication of such vasculature changes in the appearance of white matter lesions.
authors.affiliation: From the Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S 1161 INSERM, Paris, France (F.D.G., H.C., E.J.); DHU NeuroVasc Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (F.D.G., H.C., E.J.); UNIRS, Neurospin, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (A.V., E.D.); Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Austria (S.R.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (M.D.); and AP-HP, Lariboisière Hospital, Department of Neurology, Paris, France (H.C., E.J.).
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: De Guio
authors.affiliation: From the Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S 1161 INSERM, Paris, France (F.D.G., H.C., E.J.); DHU NeuroVasc Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (F.D.G., H.C., E.J.); UNIRS, Neurospin, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (A.V., E.D.); Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Austria (S.R.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (M.D.); and AP-HP, Lariboisière Hospital, Department of Neurology, Paris, France (H.C., E.J.).
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vignaud
authors.affiliation: From the Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S 1161 INSERM, Paris, France (F.D.G., H.C., E.J.); DHU NeuroVasc Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (F.D.G., H.C., E.J.); UNIRS, Neurospin, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (A.V., E.D.); Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Austria (S.R.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (M.D.); and AP-HP, Lariboisière Hospital, Department of Neurology, Paris, France (H.C., E.J.).
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ropele
authors.affiliation: From the Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S 1161 INSERM, Paris, France (F.D.G., H.C., E.J.); DHU NeuroVasc Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (F.D.G., H.C., E.J.); UNIRS, Neurospin, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (A.V., E.D.); Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Austria (S.R.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (M.D.); and AP-HP, Lariboisière Hospital, Department of Neurology, Paris, France (H.C., E.J.).
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Duering
authors.affiliation: From the Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S 1161 INSERM, Paris, France (F.D.G., H.C., E.J.); DHU NeuroVasc Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (F.D.G., H.C., E.J.); UNIRS, Neurospin, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (A.V., E.D.); Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Austria (S.R.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (M.D.); and AP-HP, Lariboisière Hospital, Department of Neurology, Paris, France (H.C., E.J.).
authors.forename: Edouard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Duchesnay
authors.affiliation: From the Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S 1161 INSERM, Paris, France (F.D.G., H.C., E.J.); DHU NeuroVasc Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (F.D.G., H.C., E.J.); UNIRS, Neurospin, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (A.V., E.D.); Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Austria (S.R.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (M.D.); and AP-HP, Lariboisière Hospital, Department of Neurology, Paris, France (H.C., E.J.). hugues.chabriat@lrb.aphp.fr.
authors.forename: Hugues
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chabriat
authors.affiliation: From the Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S 1161 INSERM, Paris, France (F.D.G., H.C., E.J.); DHU NeuroVasc Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (F.D.G., H.C., E.J.); UNIRS, Neurospin, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (A.V., E.D.); Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Austria (S.R.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (M.D.); and AP-HP, Lariboisière Hospital, Department of Neurology, Paris, France (H.C., E.J.).
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jouvent
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D046589:CADASIL / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002550:Cerebral Veins / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D054022:Cerebrum / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
keywords: CADASIL; magnetic resonance imaging; veins