title: Silymarin ameliorates memory deficits and neuropathological changes in mouse model of high-fat-diet-induced experimental dementia.
abstract: A huge body evidences suggest that obesity is the single great risk factor for the development of dementia. Recently, silymarin, a flavonoid, clinically in use as a hepatoprotectant, has been reported to prevent amyloid beta-induced memory impairment by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in mice brain. However, its potential in high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced dementia has not yet been investigated. Therefore, the present study is designed to explore the role of silymarin in HFD-induced experimental dementia in mice. Morris water maze test was employed to assess learning and memory. Various biochemical estimations including brain acetylcholinerstarse activity (AchE), thiobarbituric acid-reactive species (TBARS) level, reduced glutathione level (GSH), nirate/nitrite, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were measured. Serum cholesterol level was also determined. HFD significantly impaired the cognitive abilities, along with increasing brain AchE, TBARS, MPO, nitrate/nitrite, and serum cholesterol levels. Marked reduction of brain GSH levels was observed. On the contrary, silymarin significantly reversed HFD-induced cognitive deficits and the biochemical changes. The present study indicates strong potential of silymarin in HFD-induced experimental dementia.
authors.affiliation: CNS and CVS Research Laboratory, Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, Punjab, India, nehacuteangel85@gmail.com.
authors.lastname: Neha
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Amteshwar S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Jaggi
authors.forename: Rupinder K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Sodhi
authors.forename: Nirmal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003704:Dementia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D012838:Silymarin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D012838:Silymarin; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D002784:Cholesterol; D009195:Peroxidase; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D005978:Glutathione