title: Hydrocarbon Deposition Attenuates Osteoblast Activity on Titanium.
abstract: Although the reported percentage of bone-implant contact is far lower than 100%, the cause of such low levels of bone formation has rarely been investigated. This study tested the negative biological effect of hydrocarbon deposition onto titanium surfaces, which has been reported to be inevitable. Osteogenic MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured on titanium disks on which the carbon concentration was experimentally regulated to achieve carbon/titanium (C/Ti) ratios of 0.3, 0.7, and 1.0. Initial cellular activities such as cell attachment and cell spreading were concentration-dependently suppressed by the amount of carbon on the titanium surface. The osteoblastic functions of alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium mineralization were also reduced by more than 40% on the C/Ti (1.0) surface. These results indicate that osteoblast activity is influenced by the degree of hydrocarbon contamination on titanium implants and suggest that hydrocarbon decomposition before implant placement may increase the biocompatibility of titanium.
authors.affiliation: Removable Partial Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.affiliation: Removable Partial Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan takepro1@tmd.ac.jp.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Migita
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsutsumi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Doi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Bone and Implant Sciences (LBIS), The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, CHS B3-088H, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1668, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hanawa
authors.affiliation: Removable Partial Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wakabayashi
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000327:Adsorption; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D000069343:Bone-Implant Interface / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000502:physiology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000502:physiology*; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D017155:Wettability
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003764:Dental Materials; D006838:Hydrocarbons; D002244:Carbon; D014025:Titanium; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D002118:Calcium
keywords: biocompatibility; biomaterial(s); implant dentistry; osseointegration; surface chemistry; wettability