title: Marennine, promising blue pigments from a widespread Haslea diatom species complex.
abstract: In diatoms, the main photosynthetic pigments are chlorophylls a and c, fucoxanthin, diadinoxanthin and diatoxanthin. The marine pennate diatom Haslea ostrearia has long been known for producing, in addition to these generic pigments, a water-soluble blue pigment, marennine. This pigment, responsible for the greening of oysters in western France, presents different biological activities: allelopathic, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, and growth-inhibiting. A method to extract and purify marennine has been developed, but its chemical structure could hitherto not be resolved. For decades, H. ostrearia was the only organism known to produce marennine, and can be found worldwide. Our knowledge about H. ostrearia-like diatom biodiversity has recently been extended with the discovery of several new species of blue diatoms, the recently described H. karadagensis, H. silbo sp. inedit. and H. provincialis sp. inedit. These blue diatoms produce different marennine-like pigments, which belong to the same chemical family and present similar biological activities. Aside from being a potential source of natural blue pigments, H. ostrearia-like diatoms thus present a commercial potential for aquaculture, cosmetics, food and health industries.
authors.affiliation: FR CNRS 3473 IUML, Mer-Molécules-Santé (MMS), Université du Maine, Ave O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans cedex 9, France. gastineauromain@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Romain
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gastineau
authors.affiliation: Institut des Sciences de la mer de Rimouski, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 310 des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC G5L 3A1, Canada. francois.turcot@gmail.com.
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Turcotte
authors.affiliation: EA 1157, Laboratoire de Biologie et Pathologie Végétales (LBPV), Université de Nantes, SFR 4207 QUASAV, 44322 Nantes, France. Jean-Bernard.Pouvreau@univ-nantes.fr.
authors.forename: Jean-Bernard
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Pouvreau
authors.affiliation: FR CNRS 3473 IUML, Mer-Molécules-Santé (MMS), Université de Nantes, 44322 Nantes, France. michele.morancais@univ-nantes.fr.
authors.forename: Michèle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morançais
authors.affiliation: FR CNRS 3473 IUML, Mer-Molécules-Santé (MMS), Université de Nantes, 44322 Nantes, France. Joel.fleurence@univ-nantes.fr.
authors.forename: Joël
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fleurence
authors.affiliation: FR CNRS 3473 IUML, Mer-Molécules-Santé (MMS), Université du Maine, Ave O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans cedex 9, France. eko_windarto89@yahoo.co.id.
authors.forename: Eko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Windarto
authors.affiliation: FR CNRS 3473 IUML, Mer-Molécules-Santé (MMS), Université du Maine, Ave O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans cedex 9, France. fsembapr@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Fiddy Semba
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Prasetiya
authors.affiliation: FR CNRS 3473 IUML, Mer-Molécules-Santé (MMS), Université du Maine, Ave O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans cedex 9, France. sulastriarsad@yahoo.co.id.
authors.forename: Sulastri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arsad
authors.affiliation: FR CNRS 3473 IUML, UMR-CNRS 6144 (GEPEA), Université de Nantes, CRTT 37 Bd de l'Université, F-44602 Saint-Nazaire, France. pascal.jaouen@univ-nantes.fr.
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jaouen
authors.affiliation: Institut des Sciences de la mer de Rimouski, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 310 des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC G5L 3A1, Canada. mathieu_babin@uqar.ca.
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Babin
authors.affiliation: FR CNRS 3473 IUML, Mer-Molécules-Santé (MMS), Université de Nantes, 44322 Nantes, France. laurence.coiffard@univ-nantes.fr.
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Coiffard
authors.affiliation: FR CNRS 3473 IUML, Mer-Molécules-Santé (MMS), Université de Nantes, 44322 Nantes, France. celine.couteau@univ-nantes.fr.
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Couteau
authors.affiliation: UMR CNRS 6283, Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), Université du Maine, Ave O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans cedex 9, France. Jean-Francois.Bardeau@univ-lemans.fr.
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Bardeau
authors.affiliation: FR CNRS 3473 IUML, Mer-Molécules-Santé (MMS), Université du Maine, Ave O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans cedex 9, France. Boris.Jacquette@univ-lemans.fr.
authors.forename: Boris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jacquette
authors.affiliation: FR CNRS 3473 IUML, Mer-Molécules-Santé (MMS), Université du Maine, Ave O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans cedex 9, France. Vincent.Leignel@univ-lemans.fr.
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Leignel
authors.affiliation: FR CNRS 3473 IUML, Mer-Molécules-Santé (MMS), Université du Maine, Ave O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans cedex 9, France. Yann.Hardivillier@univ-lemans.fr.
authors.forename: Yann
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hardivillier
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Downtown Station, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada. marcotte.isabelle@uqam.ca.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Marcotte
authors.affiliation: Université de Bretagne-Sud, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines, Campus de Tohannic, F-56017 Vannes, France. nathalie.bourgougnon@univ-ubs.fr.
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bourgougnon
authors.affiliation: Institut des Sciences de la mer de Rimouski, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 310 des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC G5L 3A1, Canada. Rejean_Tremblay@uqar.ca.
authors.forename: Réjean
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tremblay
authors.affiliation: Institut des Sciences de la mer de Rimouski, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 310 des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC G5L 3A1, Canada. jean-sebastien_deschenes@uqar.ca.
authors.forename: Jean-Sébastien
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Deschênes
authors.affiliation: UMR CNRS 6283, Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), Université du Maine, Ave O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans cedex 9, France. hope.badawy@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hope
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Badawy
authors.affiliation: UMR CNRS 6283, Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), Université du Maine, Ave O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans cedex 9, France. Pamela.Pasetto@univ-lemans.fr.
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pasetto
authors.affiliation: Karadag Nature Reserve of the National Academy of Sciences, p/o Kurortnoe, Feodosiya 98188, Crimea, Ukraine. NickolaiD@yandex.ru.
authors.forename: Nikolai
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Davidovich
authors.affiliation: FR CNRS 3473 IUML, Mer-Molécules-Santé (MMS), Université du Maine, Ave O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans cedex 9, France. gerth@bio.ku.dk.
authors.forename: Gert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.affiliation: UMR CNRS 6283, Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), Université du Maine, Ave O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans cedex 9, France. Jens.Dittmer@univ-lemans.fr.
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dittmer
authors.affiliation: FR CNRS 3473 IUML, Mer-Molécules-Santé (MMS), Université du Maine, Ave O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans cedex 9, France. gastineauromain@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Jean-Luc
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Mouget
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017756:Aquaculture / Q000379:methods; D003358:Cosmetics / Q000737:chemistry; D017377:Diatoms / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D003358:Cosmetics; D010636:Phenols; D010860:Pigments, Biological; C531901:marennine