title: Role of microRNA in response to ionizing radiations: evidences and potential impact on clinical practice for radiotherapy.
abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small, non-coding, RNAs with gene expression regulator roles. As an important class of regulators of many cellular pathways, miRNAs are involved in many signaling pathways and DNA damage repair processes, affecting cellular radiosensitivity. Their role has led to interest in oncological implications to improve treatment results. MiRNAs represent a great opportunity to enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy treatments-they can be used to profile the radioresistance of tumors before radiotherapy, monitor their response throughout the treatment, thus helping to select intensification strategies, and also to define the final response to therapy along with risks of recurrence or metastatization. Even though many interesting studies support such potential, nowadays most studies on patient data are limited to experiments profiling tumor aggressiveness and response to radiotherapy. Moreover many studies report different although not conflicting results on the miRNAs evaluated for each tumor type. Without doubt, the clinical potential of such molecules for radiotherapy is striking and of high interest.
authors.affiliation: Radiation Oncology Department, Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico; Via Álvaro del Portillo 200, 00144 Rome, Italy. f.cellini@unicampus.it.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cellini
authors.affiliation: Radiotherapy Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura "Giovanni Paolo II", Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 86100 Campobasso, Italy. amorganti@rm.unicatt.it.
authors.forename: Alessio G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Morganti
authors.affiliation: Radiation Oncology Department, Università "G. D'Annunzio"; Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy. d.genovesi@unich.it.
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Genovesi
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Unit - Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II"; Viale Orazio Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy. n.silvestris@oncologico.bari.it.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Silvestris
authors.affiliation: Radiation Oncology Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; L.go Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Roma, Italy. vvalentini@rm.unicatt.it.
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Valentini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004249:DNA Damage; D004260:DNA Repair; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000502:physiology*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000235:genetics; D011836:Radiation Tolerance; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs