title: Effects of live and killed vaccines against Mycoplasma gallisepticum on the performance characteristics of commercial layer chickens.
abstract: Different vaccine strains of Mycoplasma gallisepticum have been used on multiple-age commercial layer farms in an effort to protect birds against virulent field-strain infections. Use of the F-strain of M. gallisepticum (FMG), as an overlay vaccine during lay, may be necessary because of the lower level of protection afforded by M. gallisepticum vaccines of low virulence given before lay. Two replicate trials were conducted to investigate effects of live and killed M. gallisepticum vaccines administered individually and in combination before lay, in conjunction with an FMG vaccine overlay after peak egg production (EP), on the performance characteristics of commercial layers. The following treatments were utilized at 10 wk of age (woa): 1) control (no vaccinations); 2) ts11 strain M. gallisepticum (ts11MG) vaccine; 3) M. gallisepticum-Bacterin vaccine (MG-Bacterin); and 4) ts11MG and MG-Bacterin vaccines combination. At 45 woa, half of the birds were overlaid with an FMG vaccine. Hen mortality, BW, egg weight, percentage hen-day EP, egg blood spots, and egg meat spots were determined at various time periods between 18 and 52 woa. The data from each trial were pooled. Treatment did not affect performance in interval I (23 to 45 woa). However, during interval II (46 to 52 woa), the EP of control and MG-Bacterin-vaccinated birds that later received an FMG vaccine overlay was lower than that in the other treatment groups. Furthermore, treatment application reduced bird BW during interval II. Despite the effects on BW and EP, no differences were observed for egg blood or meat spots among the various treatments. It is suggested that the vaccination of commercial layers before lay with ts11MG, but not MG-Bacterin, may reduce the negative impacts of an FMG overlay vaccination given during lay. These results establish that the vaccination of pullets with ts11MG in combination with the vaccination of hens with an FMG overlay, for continual protection against field-strain M. gallisepticum infections, may be used without suppressing performance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State 39762.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jacob
authors.affiliation: USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Poultry Research Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Branton
authors.affiliation: USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Poultry Research Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.affiliation: USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Poultry Research Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Leigh
authors.affiliation: Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State 39762 dpeebles@poultry.msstate.edu.
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Peebles
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D002645:Chickens; D005260:Female; D009175:Mycoplasma Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D045686:Mycoplasma gallisepticum / Q000276:immunology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012098:Reproduction; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000276:immunology; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated
keywords: Mycoplasma gallisepticum; acute phase protein; layer; vaccine; α1-acid glycoprotein