title: A new species of pine anole from the Sierra Madre del Sur in Oaxaca, Mexico (Reptilia, Squamata, Dactyloidae: Anolis).
abstract: We describe the new species Anolis peucephilus sp. nov. from the Pacific versant of southern Mexico. Anolis peucephilus differs from all congeners by having a combination of (1) smooth ventral scales; (2) usually a patch of three greatly enlarged supraocular scales; (3) extremely short hind legs, longest toe of adpressed hind leg reaching to a point between levels of axilla and ear opening, ratio shank length/snout-vent length 0.18-0.21; (4) circumnasal usually in contact with first supralabial; and (5) a large yellowish orange dewlap in males and a very small to small white dewlap in females. In external morphology, A. peucephilus is most similar to A. omiltemanus from which it differs by having even shorter hind legs with the longest toe of adpressed hind leg reaching to a point between levels of axilla and ear opening (versus usually to ear opening, occasionally to slightly beyond ear opening or to a point between shoulder and ear opening in A. omiltemanus), a slightly larger dewlap in females, to 64 mm2 (versus to 41 mm2 in A. omiltemanus), the circumnasal usually in contact with the first supralabial (versus those scales separated by the presence of a subnasal in A. omiltemanus), and 4-6 internasal scales in the new species (versus usually 6-7 in A. omiltemanus). Furthermore, A. peucephilus differs from A. omiltemanus in hemipenial morphology (no finger-like processus on asulcate side in A. peucephilus versus such a processus present in A. omiltemanus). Also, in a preliminary molecular genetic analysis of the mitochondrial CO1 gene fragment, A. peucephilus has a genetic distance of 11.5% from A. omiltemanus. Anolis peucephilus was collected at night while the lizards were sleeping in pine trees, 2-10 m above the ground.
authors.affiliation: Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt a.M., Germany; Email: gkoehler@senckenberg.de.
authors.forename: Gunther
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Köhler
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, C.P. 54090, Estado de México, México; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Raúl Gómez Trejo
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Pérez
authors.affiliation: Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt a.M., Germany Zoological Museum, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Claus Bo P
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), A.P. 70-153, C.P. 04510, México D.F. México; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Fausto R Mendez
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: de La Cruz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017753:Ecosystem; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D008116:Lizards / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV