title: Characterisation of chicken ZAP.
abstract: Emerging pathogenic viruses, such as avian influenza (AI), represent a serious threat to the poultry industry and human health. The development of novel therapeutics to protect against these viruses is critical and necessitates understanding the host immune mechanisms to find new pathways for protection against virus infection. Interferon (IFN) is a major antiviral arm of the immune system and is generally the first line of defence against virus. The multiple genes orchestrated by IFN upregulation are not well characterised in chickens due to a lack of reagents and research efforts. Here we have identified chicken ZAP (chZAP), an IFN stimulated gene (ISG), that has antiviral properties in human models, and show that chZAP is upregulated in response to PAMPs. Moreover, we show that chZAP is upregulated in vivo following particular viral infections. This data will benefit further studies that aim to understand antiviral response pathways in the chicken.
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Private Bag 24, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia; School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Kate E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Goossens
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Private Bag 24, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia. Electronic address: adam.karpala@csiro.au.
authors.forename: Adam J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Karpala
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Alistair
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Private Bag 24, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia.
authors.forename: Andrew G D
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Bean
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D030161:Avian Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D002460:Cell Line; D002645:Chickens; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000276:immunology*; D050835:Interferon Regulatory Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D030161:Avian Proteins; D050835:Interferon Regulatory Factors
keywords: Avian influenza; Chicken; Interferon; ZAP