title: Patients with adult spinal deformity treated operatively report greater baseline pain and disability than patients treated nonoperatively; however, deformities differ between age groups.
abstract: METHODS
  Multicenter, prospective analysis of consecutive patients with adult spinal deformity (ASD).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Identify age-related radiographical parameters associated with poor health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and treatment preferences for ASD.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Patients with ASD report discrepant severities of disability. Understanding age-associated differences for reported disability and treatment preferences may improve ASD evaluation and treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Baseline demographic, radiographical, and HRQOL values were evaluated in a multicenter, prospective cohort of consecutive patients with ASD.
  
  
  METHODS
  ASD, age more than 18 years, and no prior spine surgery. Patients were grouped into those treated operatively (OP) or nonoperatively (NON) and stratified into 3 age groups: G1, 50 years or less; G2, 50 to 65 years; G3, 65 years or more. HRQOL measures included Scoliosis Research Society-22r questionnaire, Oswestry Disability Index, and Short Form-36 Health Survey.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four hundred ninety-seven patients (OP = 156, NON = 341) with a mean age of 50.4 years met inclusion criteria. The OP group was older (53.3 vs. 49.0 yr), had larger scoliosis (49.3° vs. 43.3°), larger sagittal vertical axis (SVA, 33.2 vs. 13.7 mm), greater pelvic incidence-lumbar lordosis mismatch (6.6°vs. 3.1°), and worse HRQOL scores than the NON group, respectively (P < 0.05). Age stratification demonstrated worsening of SVA, spinopelvic alignment (SPA), and HRQOL scores with increasing age (P < 0.05). Age/treatment stratification demonstrated that younger OP had greater scoliosis than NON (G1OP = 49.9°vs. G1NON = 42.2°; G2OP = 56°vs. G2NON = 47.2°; P < 0.05) but similar SPA as NON. Older OP had similar scoliosis, but larger SVA than NON (G3OP = 100.6 vs. G3NON = 66.4 mm; P < 0.05). OP in all age groups reported worse HRQOL than NON (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Poor HRQOL uniformly determined operative treatment for ASD. Spinal deformities differed between age groups. Younger OP had larger scoliosis but similar SPA and SVA than NON. Older OP had similar scoliosis but worse SVA than NON. Age-associated differences for poor HRQOL must be considered when evaluating patients with ASD.
  
  
  METHODS
  2.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Neurosurgery, Cornell University School of Medicine, New York, NY †Rocky Mountain Hospital for Children, Presbyterian/St Luke's Medical Center, Denver, CO ‡Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA §Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY ¶Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS ‖San Diego Center for Spinal Disorders, La Jolla, CA **Department of Neurosurgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA ††Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY ‡‡Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Oregon Health Sciences Center, Portland, OR §§Baylor Scoliosis Center, Plano, TX ¶¶Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA; and ‖‖Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Kai-Ming G
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Shay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bess
authors.forename: Christopher I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Shaffrey
authors.forename: Justin S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Virginie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lafage
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schwab
authors.forename: Douglas C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Burton
authors.forename: Behrooz A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Akbarnia
authors.forename: Christopher P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Ames
authors.forename: Oheneba
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Boachie-Adjei
authors.forename: Vedat
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Deverin
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hostin
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Klineberg
authors.forename: Munish
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Khaled
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kebaish
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mundis
authors.forename: Praveen V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Mummaneni
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D059408:Pain Management; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires