title: Metacognition does not imply self-reflection, but it does imply function.
abstract: Is self-reflection necessary for metacognition to occur? Like Kornell (2014, pp. 143-149), we struggle with this question. If humans metacognition is not always self-reflective, why should we expect animals to be so? We suggest that one way to pursue metacognition in animals is to examine its ecological and evolutionary relevance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology.
authors.forename: Megan L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Florida International University.
authors.forename: Bennett L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Schwartz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D007600:Judgment / Q000502:physiology*