title: Prevalence of subclinical coronary artery disease in ischemic stroke patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recently, ischemic stroke has emerged as a new coronary artery disease (CAD) risk equivalent. Our purpose is to study the prevalence of CAD in ischemic stroke patients compared with that in non-stroke patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We measured coronary calcium score (CCS) in 151 ischemic stroke patients without known CAD (stroke group) and compared it with 151 age- and sex-matched non-stroke patients (control group). CCS was significantly higher in the stroke group than in the control group (stroke group, median: 64, interquartile range: 3-382 vs. control group, median: 3, interquartile range: 0-65, p<0.0001). High-risk CAD, defined as a CCS≥400, was detected in 24.5% of the stroke group compared with 9.3% of the control group (p<0.0001). Agreement between the Framingham risk score and CCS was found in only 62 patients (41.1%). In a multiple logistic regression analysis, age [hazard ratio (HR) 1.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-1.14], diabetes (HR 2.97, 95%CI 1.52-5.78), stroke (HR 3.85, 95%CI 1.89-7.81), and male sex (HR 4.41, 95%CI 1.82-0.75) were significantly associated with high-risk CAD (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show that the prevalence of subclinical CAD in ischemic stroke patients was high, and that a quarter of them had high-risk CAD. Age, diabetes, stroke, and male sex were independent predictors of high-risk CAD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Okayama Kyokuto Hospital, Okayama, Japan. Electronic address: kiwasaki@kyokuto.or.jp.
authors.forename: Kohichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Okayama Kyokuto Hospital, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Kayo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Haraoka
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Okayama Kyokuto Hospital, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshikazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Okayama Kyokuto Hospital, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Takaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Okayama Kyokuto Hospital, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Sanami
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawada
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Okayama Kyokuto Hospital, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Okayama Kyokuto Hospital, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kashihara
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D061205:Vascular Calcification
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium
keywords: Cardiac computed tomography; Coronary artery disease; Coronary calcium score; Ischemic stroke