title: Ultra-performance convergence chromatography (UPC²) method for the analysis of biogenic amines in fermented foods.
abstract: A rapid ultra-performance convergence chromatography (UPC(2)) method for the determination of eight biogenic amines (spermine, spermidine, putrescine, cadaverine, tryptamine, phenylethylamine, histamine and tyramine) in fermented foods was developed. The amines were pre-column derivatized with dansyl chloride and separated on UPC(2) system with a HSS C18 SB column (3.0 × 100 mm, 1.8 μm) using gradient elution with a binary system of CO2 and n-hexane:isopropanol:ammonium hydroxide (70:30:0.15, v/v/v), back pressure of 2,000 psi, flow rate of 2.0 ml/min and DAD detection at 254 nm. The result showed excellent linearity (r=0.9995-1.0000). Limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ) were 21-67 ng/L and 72-224 ng/L, respectively. Relative standard deviations (RSD) for repeatability and reproducibility were 0.21-0.87% and 1.98-4.02%, respectively. Furthermore, this method was successfully applied to analysis of biogenic amines in Yulu and Sufu samples.
authors.affiliation: Chinese Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Products Processing, Agricultural Product Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, No. 48 Renmindadaonan, Zhanjiang 524001, China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Chinese Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Products Processing, Agricultural Product Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, No. 48 Renmindadaonan, Zhanjiang 524001, China.
authors.forename: Ningli
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Food Quality and Design, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 2, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Xiaoxi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Chinese Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Products Processing, Agricultural Product Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, No. 48 Renmindadaonan, Zhanjiang 524001, China.
authors.forename: Lijing
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Chinese Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Products Processing, Agricultural Product Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, No. 48 Renmindadaonan, Zhanjiang 524001, China. Electronic address: appri_gq13@126.com.
authors.forename: Jihua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D001679:Biogenic Amines / Q000032:analysis*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D005285:Fermentation
chemical_list: D001679:Biogenic Amines
keywords: Biogenic amines; Determination; Diode array detector; Fermented foods; Ultra-performance convergence chromatography (UPC(2))