title: Analysis of the associations between vitamin D and albuminuria or β-cell function in Chinese type 2 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the associations of 25-(OH)D and β -cell function or insulin resistance or albuminuria in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 1408 type 2 diabetic patients without vitamin D supplement were included in this retrospective study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Comparison between patients with and without 25-(OH)D deficiency indicated that, compared with patients with 25-(OH)D≥50 nmol/L, patients with 25-(OH)D<50 nmol/L showed a higher level of urine albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) (90.15±10.30 mg/g versus 52.79±14.97 mg/g). Multiple regression analysis indicated that 25-(OH)D was independently and negatively correlated with urine ACR (OR=0.985, 95%CI 0.972-0.999, P=0.03), adjusted by age, diabetic duration, HBP duration, SBP, HbA1c, creatinine, LDL-C, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and HDL-C. Compared with patients with normal level of urine ACR, patients with higher level of urine ACR showed a significant lower level of 25-(OH)D (34.49±13.52 nmol/L versus 37.46±13.6 nmol/L, P=0.00). Analysis of the associations of 25-(OH)D and β-cell function or insulin resistance showed that 25-(OH)D may not correlate with β-cell function or insulin resistance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  25-(OH)D was independently associated with albuminuria in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients but was not associated with β-cell function or insulin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Endocrine & Metabolism Department, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoling
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7881-0543
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Endocrine & Metabolism Department, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.
authors.forename: Zhaoheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Endocrine & Metabolism Department, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Endocrine & Metabolism Department, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.
authors.forename: Xueyao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Endocrine & Metabolism Department, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.
authors.forename: Linong
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3262-2168
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ji
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000097:blood*; D000886:Anthropometry; D044466:Asian People; D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine*; D005260:Female; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D