title: Kaliziri extract upregulates tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2 and MITF expression in murine B16 melanoma cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Kaliziri extract (KZE) is a traditional Uyghur medicine (TUM), used by traditional hospitals in China as an injection for treatment of vitiligo for more than 30 years. Clinical application has shown that this medicine has obvious therapeutic effects. However, its phytochemical analysis and mechanism have not been examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  KZE was extracted from seeds of Kaliziri [Vernonia anthelmintica (L.) Willd.] in ethanol-water (80:20, v/v), its components were identified by LC-MS/MS, and the signaling pathway of melanin synthesis in KZE treated murine B16 melanoma cells was examined by western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis confirmed that the main components of KZE are flavonoids. KZE increased the tyrosinase activity and melanin content in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations of 5-40 μg/ml, and treatment with 20 μg/ml of KZE enhanced the expression of tyrosinase in B16 cells in a time-dependent manner.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  KZE induced melanogenesis by increasing the expression of TYR, TRP-1, TRP-2 and MITF in B16 cells.
authors.forename: Adila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tuerxuntayi
authors.forename: Yong-qiang
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ablajan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tulake
authors.forename: Maidina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kabas
authors.forename: Aiden
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eblimit
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China. haji@ms.xjb.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Haji Akber
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Aisa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D051739:Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D035741:Vernonia / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D051739:Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor; C497235:Mitf protein, mouse; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C064056:tyrosinase-related protein-1; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; C042501:dopachrome isomerase