title: Accessory limb with myelomeningocele: a rare case challenging previously held beliefs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There have been previous reports of intra-scapular limbs associated with a closed spina bifida and this has led to a causative theory. It is thought that these dysraphic appendages could not occur with defects of primary neurulation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors present a rare case of this abnormality associated with a large open myelomeningocele in a 6-day-old infant presenting to a paediatric neurosurgical hospital in Uganda. The appendage was removed and the spina bifida closed. There was significant stigma associated with such abnormality in this region.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The first reported co-existence of these two lesions challenges previously held beliefs regarding the embryological origin of intra-scapular dysraphic appendage.
authors.affiliation: Alder Hey Hospital, Liverpool, UK, cjcparks@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Parks
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mugamba
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D001132:Arm; D001940:Breast; D002828:Choristoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000175:diagnosis; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008591:Meningomyelocele / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D013122:Spinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014454:Uganda