title: Mechanism of antiplatelet action of hypolipidemic, antidiabetic and antihypertensive drugs by PPAR activation: PPAR agonists: new antiplatelet agents.
abstract: Given the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in patients with cardiovascular risk factors (i.e., hypertension, diabetes, smoking and obesity) and that platelet activation plays an important pathogenic role in cardiovascular diseases, it is very important to identify the drugs that have multiple targets. In this sense, the present article describes the mechanism of antiplatelet action of hypolipidemic (statins and fibrates), antidiabetic (thiazolidinediones) and antihypertensive (nifedipine) drugs via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) activation. The mechanism of antiplatelet action of the drugs is by direct activation of PPARs with the inhibition of cyclooxygenase-1, protein kinase C-alpha, calcium mobilization, thromboxane A2, sCD40L, platelet microparticles and cAMP-phosphodiesterase, and the stimulation of proteins kinase G and A. Thus, these observations highlight PPARs as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, R09I2001, Chile. Electronic address: edfuentes@utalca.cl.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fuentes
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, R09I2001, Chile. Electronic address: ipalomo@utalca.cl.
authors.forename: Iván
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Palomo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015195:Drug Design; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
keywords: Antidiabetic; Antihypertensive peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors; Antiplatelet; Hypolipidemic