title: Impact of renal dysfunction on long-term outcomes of elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome: a longitudinal, prospective observational study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study investigated the impact of renal dysfunction (RD) on long-term outcomes in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and evaluated prognostic factors in elderly patients with ACS and RD.
  
  
  METHODS
  This longitudinal prospective study included 184 consecutive patients who were admitted with ACS between January 2009 and January 2010 and also had RD. Patients were divided into five groups according to their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR): 1) eGFR ≥ 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 with evidence of kidney damage, 2) 60 ≤ eGFR <90 mL/min/1.73 m2, 3) 30 ≤ eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, 4) 15 ≤ eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m2, and 5) eGFR <15 mL/min/1.73 m2. The primary endpoints were death and complications during hospitalization. The secondary endpoint was any major adverse cardiac event (MACE) during follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean follow-up period was 502.2 ± 203.6 days. The mean patient age was 73.7 ± 9.4 years, and 61.4% of the patients were men. Severe RD (eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m2) was an independent predictor of MACE. Severe RD was associated with a low hemoglobin level, low left ventricular ejection fraction, and high levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, and cystatin C. Survival was significantly poorer in patients with severe RD than in patients with mild RD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among patients with ACS, severe RD was associated with advanced age, diabetes, hypertension, and cardiac dysfunction. Severe RD was an independent risk factor for MACE, and was associated with poor prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China. ametuofo980869@163.com.
authors.forename: Yuqi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Qiao
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Muyang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Pu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015984:Causality; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality*; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality*; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome