title: Wen-dan decoction improves negative emotions in sleep-deprived rats by regulating orexin-a and leptin expression.
abstract: Wen-Dan Decoction (WDD), a formula of traditional Chinese medicine, has been clinically used for treating insomnia for approximately 800 years. However, the therapeutic mechanisms of WDD remain unclear. Orexin-A plays a key role in the sleep-wake cycle, while leptin function is opposite to orexin-A. Thus, orexin-A and leptin may be important factors in sleep disorders. In this study, 48 rats were divided into control, model, WDD-treated, and diazepam-treated groups. The model of insomnia was produced by sleep deprivation (SD) for 14 days. The expressions of orexin-A, leptin, and their receptors in blood serum, prefrontal cortex, and hypothalamus were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunohistochemistry, and real time PCR. Open field tests showed that SD increased both crossing movement (Cm) and rearing-movement (Rm) times. Orexin-A and leptin levels in blood serum increased after SD but decreased in brain compared to the control group. mRNA expressions of orexin receptor 1 and leptin receptor after SD were decreased in the prefrontal cortex but were increased in hypothalamus. WDD treatment normalized the behavior and upregulated orexin-A, leptin, orexin receptor 1 and leptin receptor in brain. The findings suggest that WDD treatment may regulate SD-induced negative emotions by regulating orexin-A and leptin expression.
authors.affiliation: School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 Bei Sanhuan Donglu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Fengzhi
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1306-3604
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 Bei Sanhuan Donglu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Yuehan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 Bei Sanhuan Donglu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 Bei Sanhuan Donglu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 Bei Sanhuan Donglu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Binghe
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.affiliation: School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 Bei Sanhuan Donglu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Liye
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 Bei Sanhuan Donglu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Sinai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 Bei Sanhuan Donglu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Xiaolan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 Bei Sanhuan Donglu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 Bei Sanhuan Donglu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 Bei Sanhuan Donglu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 Bei Sanhuan Donglu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Shijing
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Neural and Cognitive Sciences, China Medical University and CMU Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan ; Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
authors.forename: Cai
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Song