title: Periodontal and serum protein profiles in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with tumor necrosis factor inhibitor adalimumab.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitor has been shown to affect the periodontal condition of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of the present study is to assess the effect of a fully humanized anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibody, adalimumab (ADA), on the periodontal condition of patients with RA and to compare serum protein profiles before and after ADA therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study participants consisted of 20 patients with RA treated with ADA. Clinical periodontal and rheumatologic parameters and serum cytokine levels were evaluated at baseline and 3 months later. Serum protein spot volume was examined with two-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Proteins with significant difference in abundance before and after ADA therapy were found and identified using mass spectrometry and protein databases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients showed a significant decrease in gingival index (P = 0.002), bleeding on probing (P = 0.003), probing depth (P = 0.002), disease activity score including 28 joints using C-reactive protein (P <0.001), and serum levels of TNF-α (P <0.001) and interleukin-6 (P <0.001) after ADA medication, although plaque levels were comparable. Among a total of 495 protein spots obtained, nine spots were significantly decreased in abundance at reassessment, corresponding to complement factor H, phospholipase D, serum amyloid A, complement component 4, and α-1-acid glycoprotein (P <0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest a beneficial effect of ADA therapy on the periodontal condition of patients with RA, which might be related to differences in serum protein profiles before and after ADA therapy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamagata
authors.forename: Moe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oofusa
authors.forename: Ichiei
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Narita
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Murasawa
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakazono
authors.forename: Hiromasa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshie
mesh_terms: D000068879:Adalimumab / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000187:drug effects; D003181:Complement C4 / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects; D017242:Complement Factor H / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009961:Orosomucoid / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000517:prevention & control; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000517:prevention & control; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010739:Phospholipase D / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D001798:Blood Proteins; C493495:CFH protein, human; D003181:Complement C4; D016207:Cytokines; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D009961:Orosomucoid; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D017242:Complement Factor H; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D010739:Phospholipase D; D000068879:Adalimumab
keywords: Arthritis; immunotherapy; periodontitis; proteomics; rheumatoid; serum; tumor necrosis factor-alpha