title: [Biological therapy for osteoporosis].
abstract: Osteoporosis is a disorder of bone formation and resorption balance. Advances in our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of bone formation and resorption led to promising therapeutic targets for osteoporosis. In the novel biological drugs, denosumab, a monoclonal antibody against receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) has been clinically applied by positive effect on bone mineral density, negative effect on bone resorption, preventive effect on fragility fractures and safety. Odanacatib, a cathepsin K inhibitor is drawing attention as an antiresorptive drug which has lower bone resorption potency than bisphosphoneate. On the other hand, BHQ-880, an anti-Dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1) antibody and romosozumab (AMG-785) , an anti-sclerostin antibody which activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway are drawing attention as bone formation accelerators with no bone resorption acceleration. Clinical studies of these drugs are now ongoing and their clinical applications are expected.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Medicine, Surgical Sciences, Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Sakae
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001685:Biological Factors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D056657:Cathepsin K / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D000069448:Denosumab; D005260:Female; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000166:cytology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics*; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000502:physiology; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D060449:Wnt Signaling Pathway / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D001685:Biological Factors; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; C501126:DKK1 protein, human; D005819:Genetic Markers; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D053245:RANK Ligand; C422903:SOST protein, human; C557282:romosozumab; D000069448:Denosumab; D056657:Cathepsin K; C557618:BHQ880; C527128:odanacatib