title: Haptoglobin 2-2 genotype is associated with TNF- α and IL-6 levels in subjects with obesity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the association between Haptoglobin (HP) gene polymorphisms with inflammatory status in obese subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was carried out. A total of 276 apparently healthy men and nonpregnant obese women were enrolled and allocated according to the HP genotype into the HP (1)/HP (1), HP (2)/HP (1), and HP (2)/HP (2) groups. Distribution of HP genotypes was 49, 87, and 140 for the HP (1)/HP (1), HP (2)/HP (1), and HP (2)/HP (2), respectively. The HP genotype was determined using the polymerase chain reaction method. A multiple linear regression analysis adjusted by age, sex, waist circumference, and total body fat was used to determine the association between HP genotypes with TNF- α , IL-6, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A multiple linear regression analysis adjusted by sex, waist circumference, and total body fat was performed showing a significant association between the HP (2)/HP (2) genotype and TNF- α ( β = 0.180; 95% CI 14.41-159.64, P = 0.01) and IL-6 ( β = 0.188; 95% CI 1.53-12.72, P = 0.01) levels, but not with hsCRP ( β = -0.008; 95% CI -1.64-1.47, P = 0.914) levels, whereas the HP (2)/HP (1) genotype showed no association compared with the HP (1)/HP (1) genotype (control group).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results of our study show that the HP (2)/HP (2) genotype is associated with elevated TNF- α and IL-6, but not with hsCRP, levels in obese subjects.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Research Unit, Mexican Social Security Institute, Predio Canoas 100, Colonia Los Angeles, 34067 Durango, DGO, Mexico ; Faculty of Medicine and Nutrition, Juárez University of Durango State, Avenida Universidad and Fanny Anitúa s/n, 34000 Durango, DGO, Mexico.
authors.forename: Brissia
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4502-8755
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lazalde
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine and Nutrition, Juárez University of Durango State, Avenida Universidad and Fanny Anitúa s/n, 34000 Durango, DGO, Mexico.
authors.forename: Héctor M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Huerta-Guerrero
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Research Unit, Mexican Social Security Institute, Predio Canoas 100, Colonia Los Angeles, 34067 Durango, DGO, Mexico.
authors.forename: Luis E
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3617-4921
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Simental-Mendía
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Research Unit, Mexican Social Security Institute, Predio Canoas 100, Colonia Los Angeles, 34067 Durango, DGO, Mexico.
authors.forename: Martha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Morán
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Research Unit, Mexican Social Security Institute, Predio Canoas 100, Colonia Los Angeles, 34067 Durango, DGO, Mexico.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guerrero-Romero
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity / Q000235:genetics; D000328:Adult; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D005838:Genotype; D006242:Haptoglobins / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C485359:HP protein, human; D006242:Haptoglobins; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; C439524:TNF protein, human; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002097:C-Reactive Protein