title: Immunohistochemical detection of cancer stem cell related markers CD44 and CD133 in metastatic colorectal cancer patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this study was to semiquantitatively detect presence of cancer stem cells markers CD44 and CD133 in immunohistochemically stained paired samples of colorectal cancer (CRC) and colorectal liver metastases (CLM). Level of staining intensity was compared to clinical and pathological characteristics of tumors with the aim to identify impact of CD44 or CD133 expression on tumor behavior.
  
  
  METHODS
  Formalin fixed paraffin embedded samples from 94 patients with colorectal tumor and liver metastases were collected at Sikl's Department of Pathology. Samples were stained by antibodies against CD44 and CD133. Presence and intensity of staining was assessed semiquantitatively by three trained researchers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with higher level of CD133 staining in CRC had longer disease free interval (Cox-Mantel P = 0.0244), whereas we found no relation between CD44 expression and overall survival or disease free interval. CD133 expression in CRC and CLM differed based on CRC grading; in case of CD44 we found differences in staining intensity in individual stages of tumor lymph node invasion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Effect of cancer stem cell markers on prognosis of colorectal cancer can vary depending on pathological classification of tumor, and we have shown that CD133, generally considered to be a negative marker, can bear also clinically positive prognostic information in group of patients with colorectal liver metastases.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Husova 3, 306 05 Pilsen, Czech Republic ; Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Karlovarská 48, 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3150-2914
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pitule
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Husova 3, 306 05 Pilsen, Czech Republic ; Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Karlovarská 48, 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Miroslava
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1505-5971
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cedikova
authors.affiliation: Sikl's Department of Pathology, Medical School and Teaching Hospital Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Dr. E. Benese 13, 305 99 Pilsen, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Ondrej
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Daum
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Karlovarská 48, 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vojtisek
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Husova 3, 306 05 Pilsen, Czech Republic ; Department of Surgery, Medical School and Teaching Hospital Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Alej Svobody 80, 304 60 Pilsen, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Ondrej
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vycital
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Husova 3, 306 05 Pilsen, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Petr
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9359-4770
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hosek
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Medical School and Teaching Hospital Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Alej Svobody 80, 304 60 Pilsen, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Vladislav
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Treska
authors.affiliation: Sikl's Department of Pathology, Medical School and Teaching Hospital Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Dr. E. Benese 13, 305 99 Pilsen, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Ondrej
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hes
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Husova 3, 306 05 Pilsen, Czech Republic ; Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Karlovarská 48, 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Milena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kralickova
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Husova 3, 306 05 Pilsen, Czech Republic ; Department of Surgery, Medical School and Teaching Hospital Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Alej Svobody 80, 304 60 Pilsen, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Vaclav
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7755-3856
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Liska
mesh_terms: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D015703:Antigens, CD; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C497483:CD44 protein, human; D006023:Glycoproteins; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors; C000606023:PROM1 protein, human; D010455:Peptides