title: Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of endophytic fungi Talaromyces wortmannii extracts against acne-inducing bacteria.
abstract: Acne vulgaris is the most common skin disease, causing significant psychosocial problems such as anxiety and depression similar to a chronic illness for those afflicted. Currently, obtainable agents for acne treatment have limited use. Thus, development of novel agents to treat this disease is a high medical need. The anaerobic bacterium Propionibacterium acnes has been implicated in the inflammatory phase of acne vulgaris by activating pro-inflammatory mediators such as the interleukin-8 (IL-8) via the NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Talaromyces wortmannii is an endophytic fungus, which is known to produce high bioactive natural compounds. We hypothesize that compound C but also the crude extract from T. wortmannii may possess both antibacterial activity especially against P. acnes and also anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 expression and P. acnes-induced IL-8 release. Treatment of keratinocytes (HaCaT) with P. acnes significantly increased NF-κB and activator protein-1 (AP-1) activation, as well as IL-8 release. Compound C inhibited P. acnes-mediated activation of NF-κB and AP-1 by inhibiting IκB degradation and the phosphorylation of ERK and JNK MAP kinases, and IL-8 release in a dose-dependent manner. Based on these results, compound C has effective antimicrobial activity against P. acnes and anti-inflammatory activity, and we suggest that this substance or the crude extract are alternative treatments for antibiotic/anti-inflammatory therapy for acne vulgaris.
authors.affiliation: SeaLife Pharma GmbH, Tulln, Austria.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pretsch
authors.affiliation: SeaLife Pharma GmbH, Tulln, Austria.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagl
authors.affiliation: SeaLife Pharma GmbH, Tulln, Austria.
authors.forename: Katja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schwendinger
authors.affiliation: SeaLife Pharma GmbH, Tulln, Austria.
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kreiseder
authors.affiliation: SeaLife Pharma GmbH, Tulln, Austria.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wiederstein
authors.affiliation: SeaLife Pharma GmbH, Tulln, Austria.
authors.forename: Dagmar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pretsch
authors.affiliation: SeaLife Pharma GmbH, Tulln, Austria.
authors.forename: Miroslav
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Genov
authors.affiliation: SeaLife Pharma GmbH, Tulln, Austria.
authors.forename: Ralph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hollaus
authors.affiliation: SeaLife Pharma GmbH, Tulln, Austria.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zinssmeister
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Abdesamad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Debbab
authors.affiliation: Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences, Krems, Austria.
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hundsberger
authors.affiliation: Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences, Krems, Austria.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eger
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Proksch
authors.affiliation: SeaLife Pharma GmbH, Tulln, Austria.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wiesner
mesh_terms: D000152:Acne Vulgaris / Q000382:microbiology*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001688:Biological Products / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D045424:Complex Mixtures / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D060026:Endophytes / Q000737:chemistry*; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D011425:Propionibacterium acnes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D032901:Talaromyces / Q000737:chemistry*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D001688:Biological Products; D045424:Complex Mixtures; D016209:Interleukin-8; D016328:NF-kappa B; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases