title: An urgent need to reassess the safe levels of copper in the drinking water: lessons from studies on healthy animals harboring no genetic deficits.
abstract: Recent seminal studies have established neurodegeneration, cognitive waning and/or β-amyloid deposition due to chronic copper intoxication via drinking water in healthy animals; henceforth, fuelling the debate all again over the safe levels of copper in the drinking water. This review encompasses the contemporary imperative animal studies in which the effect of chronic copper toxicity (especially via drinking water) was evaluated on the central nervous system and memory of uncompromised animals along with discussing the future perspectives.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pal
authors.affiliation: Vijaya Diagnostic Centre, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: Jayagandan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jayamani
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India. Electronic address: fateh1977@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Rajendra
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Prasad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003300:Copper / Q000633:toxicity*; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000592:standards*; D020260:Heavy Metal Poisoning, Nervous System / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D060766:Drinking Water; D003300:Copper
keywords: Central nervous system; Cognition; Copper toxicity; Neurodegeneration; Non-ceruloplasmin bound copper