title: Delphinol® standardized maqui berry extract reduces postprandial blood glucose increase in individuals with impaired glucose regulation by novel mechanism of sodium glucose cotransporter inhibition.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The impetus of our study was to investigate the effects of a nutritional supplement Delphinol®, an extract of maqui berries (Aristotelia chilensis) standardised to ≥25% delphinidins and ≥35% total anthocyanins, on postprandial blood glucose and insulin levels and identify the physiologic mechanism involved.
  
  
  METHODS
  Postprandial blood glucose and insulin were investigated in double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over fashion in ten volunteers with moderate glucose intolerance. Longer term effects on blood sugar levels were investigated in streptozotocin-diabetic rats over a four months period. Effects of maqui berry delphinidins on sodium-glucose symport were examined in rodent jejenum of the small intestine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Delphinol® intake prior to rice consumption statistical significantly lowered post prandial blood glucose and insulin as compared to placebo. We identified an inhibition of Na+-dependant glucose transport by delphinidin, the principal polyphenol to which Delphinol® is standardised. In a diabetic rat model the daily oral application of Delphinol® over a period of four months significantly lowered fasting blood glucose levels and reached values indistinguishable from healthy non-diabetic rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest a potential use of Delphinol® for naturally controlling post-prandial blood glucose owed to inhibition of sodium glucose co-transporter in small intestine.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Farmacología y Morfofisiología, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile - rburgos1@uach.cl.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hidalgo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hidalgo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yañez
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Quiñones
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Caceres
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Burgos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002677:Chile; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D045467:Elaeocarpaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007583:Jejunum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D019518:Postprandial Period; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D051247:Sodium-Glucose Transport Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; C000616591:Delphinol; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D010936:Plant Extracts; D051247:Sodium-Glucose Transport Proteins; C017185:delphinidin