title: The effect of adjunctive chlorhexidine mouthrinse on GCF MMP-8 and TIMP-1 levels in gingivitis: a randomized placebo-controlled study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of adjunctive chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthrinse on gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) MMP-8 and TIMP-1 levels in plaque-associated gingivitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 50 gingivitis patients were included in the present study. In addition to daily plaque control, CHX group rinsed with CHX, while placebo group rinsed with placebo mouthrinse for 4 weeks. GCF samples were collected, and clinical parameters including plaque index, papillary bleeding index, calculus index and pocket depth were recorded at baseline and 4 weeks. GCF MMP-8 and TIMP-1 levels were determined by immunofluorometric assay (IFMA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In both groups, GCF MMP-8 levels of anterior and posterior sites at four weeks were not different from baseline (p > 0.05). There were no significant differences in GCF MMP-8 levels between the study groups at four weeks (p > 0.05). GCF TIMP-1 levels of anterior and posterior sites at four weeks were higher compared to baseline in both groups (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in GCF TIMP level between the study groups at four weeks (p > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CHX usage had no significant effects on the GCF MMP-8 and TIMP-1 levels in plaque-associate gingivitis. However, daily plaque control resulted in the increase of GCF TIMP-1 levels regardless of CHX usage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Ege University, School of Dentistry, Izmir, Turkey. oya_t@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Oya
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Türkoğlu
authors.forename: Sema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Becerik
authors.forename: Taina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tervahartiala
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sorsa
authors.forename: Gül
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Atilla
authors.forename: Gülnur
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Emingil
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003728:Dental Calculus / Q000145:classification; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020784:Matrix Metalloproteinase 8 / Q000187:drug effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009911:Oral Hygiene Index; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000145:classification / Q000517:prevention & control; D010919:Placebos; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000187:drug effects*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D009067:Mouthwashes; D010919:Placebos; C560822:TIMP1 protein, human; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; C488762:MMP8 protein, human; D020784:Matrix Metalloproteinase 8; D002710:Chlorhexidine