title: Comparative evaluation of polysaccharides isolated from Astragalus, oyster mushroom, and yacon as inhibitors of α-glucosidase.
abstract: The incidence of diabetes has increased considerably, and become the third serious chronic disease following cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Though acarbose, metformin, and 1-deoxynojirimycin have good efficacy for clinical application as hypoglycemic drugs, their expensive costs and some degree of side effects have limited their clinical application. Recently, increasing attention has concentrated on the polysaccharides from natural plant and animal sources for diabetes. In order to illustrate the pharmaceutical activity of polysaccharides as natural hypoglycemic agents, polysaccharides isolated from Astragalus, oyster mushroom, and Yacon were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase. Polysaccharides were extracted and purified from Astragalus, Oyster mushroom, and Yacon with hot water at 90 °C for 3 h, respectively. The total sugar content of the polysaccharide was determined by the phenol-sulfuric acid method. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was measured by the glucose oxidase method. The results exhibited that the inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase were in decreasing order, Astragalus > oyster mushroom > Yacon. The α-glucosidase inhibition percentage of Astragalus polysaccharide and oyster mushroom polysaccharide were over 40% at the polysaccharide concentration of 0.4 mg·mL(-1). The IC50 of Astragalus polysaccharide and oyster mushroom polysaccharide were 0.28 and 0.424 mg·mL(-1), respectively. The information obtained from this work is beneficial for the use polysaccharides as a dietary supplement for health foods and therapeutics for diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China. Electronic address: zhyuanzhu@tust.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhen-Yuan
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
authors.forename: Jing-Yi
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fishery Germplasm Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China. Electronic address: ljchen@shou.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Li-Jing
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Cui
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
authors.forename: Wan-Xiao
authors.initials: WX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, LabEx Michem, CNRS, UMR 8232, IPCM, F-75005, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Yong-Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D019659:Asteraceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D027883:Astragalus Plant / Q000737:chemistry*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000201:enzymology*; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D020076:Pleurotus / Q000737:chemistry*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D011134:Polysaccharides; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases
keywords: Astragalus; Diabetes; Inhibition activity; Oyster mushroom, Yacon; Polysaccharide; α-Glucosidase