title: The effect of recommending a CPP-ACPF product on salivary and plaque pH levels in orthodontic patients: a randomized cross-over clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Along with their re-mineralizing capacity, calcium phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate products combined with fluoride (CPP-ACPF) could also be beneficial by neutralizing acidic salivary and plaque pH. The purpose was to evaluate the effect of CPP-ACPF on salivary and plaque pH in orthodontic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  As a triple-blind, cross-over randomized trial, 30 orthodontic patients with fixed appliances (age range = 15.70 ± 4.08 years) were recruited and randomly assigned to two groups. A CPP-ACPF paste (MI Paste Plus, GC America, Alsip, IL) was used by group 1 (n = 15) and a placebo by group 2 (n = 15) for 1 month. After a 1 month washout period, patients used the alternative paste for another month. Plaque and salivary pH levels were measured at all before and after periods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  By applying MI Paste Plus, the plaque pH increased from 5.81 ± 0.45 to 6.60 ± 0.38 (p < 0.05), whereas the before and after salivary pH recordings, which were 6.72 ± 0.43 and 6.71 ± 0.38, respectively, remained statistically unchanged (p > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MI Paste Plus can be clinically beneficial in increasing plaque pH levels, but has no effect on the salivary pH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Branch, Islamic Azad University , Tehran , Iran.
authors.forename: Haleh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Heshmat
authors.forename: Sepideh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Banava
authors.forename: Ebrahim
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mohammadi
authors.forename: Mohammad Javad
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kharazifard
authors.forename: Faramarz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mojtahedzadeh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002364:Caseins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005459:Fluorides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D010919:Placebos; D012463:Saliva / Q000187:drug effects*; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D002364:Caseins; D010919:Placebos; D014100:Toothpastes; C447032:casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate nanocomplex; D005459:Fluorides
keywords: acidity; calcium phosphates/administration & dosage; dental caries prevention