title: The role of a labial salivary gland biopsy in the diagnostic procedure for Sjögren's syndrome; a study of 94 cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the present study is to examine the role of the outcome of the labial salivary gland biopsy (LSGB) in the diagnostic procedure of patients suspected of suffering from Sjögren's syndrome (SS).
  
  
  METHODS
  In a retrospective study the result of histopathological assessment of 94 consecutively taken labial salivary gland biopsies has been examined. For the diagnosis of SS the American-European Consensus Group classification (AECG, 2002) have been used. The outcome of the assessment has been discussed in relation to a recently reported classification provided by the American College of Rheumatology (ACR, 2012).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the 94 LSGBs support for a diagnosis of SS has been encountered in 24 out of 26 patients with SS. In the 68 patients with a negative diagnosis of SS only six positive LSGBs were observed. The sensitivity of the labial biopsy amounted 0.92; the specificity was 0.91, while the positive predictive value and the negative predictive value amounted 0.80 and 0.97 respectively. LSGBs taken by or on the request of the departments of Rheumatology or Internal Medicine had a significant higher yield compared to LSGBs taken in other clinical departments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The LSGB may play a role in the diagnostic procedure of Sjögren's syndrome when using either the AECG classification or the ACR classification. A LSGB should preferably taken after counseling for the possible presence of SS by a department of Rheumatology or Internal Medicine since the yield of such biopsies is much higher than in patients who have not been counseled by these departments prior to the taking of a LSGB. When using the ACR classification, a positive serologic result and a positive ocular test make the taking of a LSGB redundant. Only in case of a negative serologic outcome or a negative result of the ocular test a LSGB is indicated. Since both the serologic test and the ocular test carry hardly any morbidity, these tests should, indeed, be performed first before considering to take a LSGB.
authors.affiliation: VU University Medical Center, Academic Centre for Dentistry (ACTA), Dept of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, P.O.Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, i.vanderwaal@vumc.nl.
authors.forename: Dewi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: van Stein-Callenfels
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bloemena
authors.forename: Richard M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: van Vugt
authors.forename: Alexandre E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Voskuyl
authors.forename: Nathalie T Y
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Santana
authors.forename: Isaäc
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: van der Waal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012470:Salivary Glands, Minor / Q000473:pathology*; D012859:Sjogren's Syndrome / Q000473:pathology*; D055815:Young Adult