title: Isolation and characterization of Paracoccus sp. GSM2 capable of degrading textile azo dye Reactive Violet 5.
abstract: A potential bacterial strain GSM2, capable of degrading an azo dye Reactive Violet 5 as a sole source of carbon, was isolated from textile mill effluent from Solapur, India. The 16S rDNA sequence and phenotypic characteristics indicated an isolated organism as Paracoccus sp. GSM2. This strain exhibited complete decolorization of Reactive Violet 5 (100 mg/L) within 16 h, while maximally it could decolorize 800 mg/L of dye within 38 h with 73% decolorization under static condition. For color removal, the most suitable pH and temperature were pH 6.0-9.0 and 25-40 °C, respectively. The isolate was able to decolorize more than 70% of five structurally different azo dyes within 38 h. The isolate is salt tolerant as it can bring out more than 90% decolorization up to a salt concentration of 2% (w/v). UV-Visible absorption spectra before and after decolorization suggested that decolorization was due to biodegradation and was further confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy. Overall results indicate the effectiveness of the strain GSM2 explored for the treatment of textile industry effluents containing various azo dyes. To our knowledge, this could be the first report on biodegradation of Reactive Violet 5 by Paracoccus sp. GSM2.
authors.affiliation: Department of Post Graduate Studies and Research in Microbiology, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga, Karnataka 585106, India.
authors.forename: Mallikarjun C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Bheemaraddi
authors.affiliation: Department of Post Graduate Studies and Research in Microbiology, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga, Karnataka 585106, India.
authors.forename: Santosh
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5751-1026
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.affiliation: Department of Post Graduate Studies and Research in Microbiology, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga, Karnataka 585106, India.
authors.forename: Channappa T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Shivannavar
authors.affiliation: Department of Post Graduate Studies and Research in Microbiology, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga, Karnataka 585106, India.
authors.forename: Subhashchandra M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Gaddad
mesh_terms: D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D001483:Base Sequence; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D003470:Culture Media; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009282:Naphthalenesulfonates / Q000378:metabolism*; D010230:Paracoccus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D001391:Azo Compounds; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003470:Culture Media; D009282:Naphthalenesulfonates; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; C111247:C.I. Reactive Violet 5