title: Urethral metastasis from a sigmoid colon carcinoma: a quite rare case report and review of the literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Urethral metastatic adenocarcinoma is extremely rare. Moreover, only 9 previous cases with metastases from colorectal cancer have been reported to date, and not much information on urethral metastases from colorectum is available so far.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report our experience in the diagnosis and the management of the case with urethral metastasis from a sigmoid colon cancer. A 68-year-old man, who underwent laparoscopic sigmoidectomy for sigmoid colon carcinoma four years ago, presented gross hematuria with pain. Urethroscopy identified a papillo-nodular tumor 7 mm in diameter in the bulbar urethra. CT-scan imaging revealed the small mass of bulbous portion of urethra and solitary lung metastasis. Histological examination of the tumor obtained by transurethral resection showed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, which was diagnosed as a metastasis of a sigmoid colon carcinoma pathologically by morphological examination. Immunohistochemical analysis of the urethral tumor revealed the positive for cytokertin 20 and CDX2, whereas negative for cytokertin 7. These features were consistent with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid colon cancer. As the management of this case with urethral and lung metastasis, 6-cycle of chemotherapy with fluorouracil with leucovorin plus oxaliplatin was administered to the patient, and these metastases were disappeared with no recurrence of disease for 34 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Urethral metastasis from colorectal cancer is a very rare occurrence. However, in the presence of urinary symptoms, the possibility of the urethral metastasis should be considered.
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan. kaz-tky@umin.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kazama
authors.forename: Joji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kitayama
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sunami
authors.forename: Aya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Niimi
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nomiya
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Homma
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000556:secondary*; D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012811:Sigmoid Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D014523:Urethral Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000556:secondary*