title: Time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy of hydrated electrons near a liquid water surface.
abstract: We present time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy of trapped electrons near liquid surfaces. Photoemission from the ground state of a hydrated electron at 260 nm is found to be isotropic, while anisotropic photoemission is observed for the excited states of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2,2,2]octane and I- in aqueous solutions. Our results indicate that surface and subsurface species create hydrated electrons in the bulk side. No signature of a surface-bound electron has been observed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Yo-ichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan and RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshi-Ichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Institut für Physikalishce und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Gaia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tomasello
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan and RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Japan and Japan Science and Technology Agency, CREST, Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Horio
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Shutaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karashima
authors.affiliation: Institut für Physikalishce und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mitríc
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan and RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Japan and Japan Science and Technology Agency, CREST, Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshinori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D004583:Electrons; D008958:Models, Molecular; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D010879:Piperazines / Q000737:chemistry; D012974:Sodium Iodide / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010879:Piperazines; D014867:Water; D012974:Sodium Iodide; C007306:triethylenediamine