title: Synthesis and characterization of single-crystalline zinc tin oxide nanowires.
abstract: Crystalline zinc tin oxide (ZTO; zinc oxide with heavy tin doping of 33 at.%) nanowires were first synthesized using the electrodeposition and heat treatment method based on an anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane, which has an average diameter of about 60 nm. According to the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) results, the synthesized ZTO nanowires are highly ordered and have high wire packing densities. The length of ZTO nanowires is about 4 μm, and the aspect ratio is around 67. ZTO nanowires with a Zn/(Zn + Sn) atomic ratio of 0.67 (approximately 2/3) were observed from an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). X-ray diffraction (XRD) and corresponding selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns demonstrated that the ZTO nanowire is hexagonal single-crystalline. The study of ultraviolet/visible/near-infrared (UV/Vis/NIR) absorption showed that the ZTO nanowire is a wide-band semiconductor with a band gap energy of 3.7 eV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electronic Engineering, Feng Chia University, 100, Wen-Hwa Rd, Seatwen, Taichung 40724, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jen-Bin
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Ph.D. Program of Electrical and Communications Engineering, Feng Chia University, 100, Wen-Hwa Rd, Seatwen, Taichung 40724, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Po-Feng
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Ph.D. Program of Electrical and Communications Engineering, Feng Chia University, 100, Wen-Hwa Rd, Seatwen, Taichung 40724, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsien-Sheng
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Ph.D. Program of Electrical and Communications Engineering, Feng Chia University, 100, Wen-Hwa Rd, Seatwen, Taichung 40724, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ya-Ting
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Ph.D. Program of Electrical and Communications Engineering, Feng Chia University, 100, Wen-Hwa Rd, Seatwen, Taichung 40724, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsuan-Wei
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N. Rd, Taichung 40201, Taiwan ; Dental Department, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N. Rd, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Tze
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.affiliation: Dental Department, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N. Rd, Taichung 40201, Taiwan ; Master Degree Program in Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Oral Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N. Rd, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wei-Hsiang
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Department of Electronic Engineering, Hsiuping University of Science and Technology, Taichung 41280, Taiwan.
authors.forename: San-Lin
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Young
keywords: AAO membrane; Nanowires; Zinc tin oxide