title: The superficial outside-flap shunt (SOS) technique for free deep inferior epigastric perforator flap salvage.
abstract: A common cause for loss of a deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap is venous congestion secondary to inadequate outflow via the deep perforating vessels. Further anastomosis of the superficial venous system provides effective outflow and salvage of the congested DIEP. Multiple methods have been described requiring dissection of additional recipient venous systems or around the perforating vessels in order to provide a vein onto which the superficial system may be anastomosed. These are potentially associated with increased morbidity and risk of damage to the pedicle. We describe an alternative technique of harvesting an additional length of deep inferior epigastric pedicle cranial to the perforator onto which an anastomosis may be performed. This avoids the need for additional dissection of recipient vessels or further handling of the perforator, its venae comitantes and the main pedicle of the flap thus reducing the risk of damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Frenchay Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom. Electronic address: alex.davies@doctors.org.uk.
authors.forename: Alex J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Frenchay Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Jennifer K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: O'Neill
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Frenchay Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Sherif M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Wilson
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D016462:Mammaplasty; D061525:Perforator Flap / Q000098:blood supply*; D016879:Salvage Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D014680:Veins / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: DIEP flap venous congestion; Flap salvage; Microsurgery; Venous augmentation