title: Chemical characterization and antitumor activities of polysaccharide extracted from Ganoderma lucidum.
abstract: Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP) is a biologically active substance reported to possess anti-tumor ability. Nonetheless, the mechanisms of GLP-stimulated apoptosis are still unclear. This study aims to determine the inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing effects of GLP on HCT-116 cells. We found that GLP reduced cell viability on HCT-116 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, which in turn, induced cell apoptosis. The observed apoptosis was characterized by morphological changes, DNA fragmentation, mitochondrial membrane potential decrease, S phase population increase, and caspase-3 and -9 activation. Furthermore, inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) by SP600125 led to a dramatic decrease of the GLP-induced apoptosis. Western blot analysis unveiled that GLP up-regulated the expression of Bax/Bcl-2, caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). These results demonstrate that apoptosis stimulated by GLP in human colorectal cancer cells is associated with activation of mitochondrial and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways.
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China. enni_007@163.com.
authors.forename: Zengenni
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China. 13875946008@163.com.
authors.forename: Youjin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Sub-Health Intervention Technology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410128, China. gytyjj@126.com.
authors.forename: Yutong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China. cavepeoper@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Rencai
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China. huqiulongnet@126.com.
authors.forename: Qiulong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China. xiongxy@hunau.net.
authors.forename: Xingyao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiong
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D045325:HCT116 Cells; D006801:Humans; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020940:Reishi / Q000378:metabolism*; D059807:S Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011134:Polysaccharides