title: IGF2: an endocrine hormone to improve islet transplant survival.
abstract: In the week following pancreatic islet transplantation, up to 50% of transplanted islets are lost due to apoptotic cell death triggered by hypoxic and pro-inflammatory cytokine-mediated cell stress. Thus, therapeutic approaches designed to protect islet cells from apoptosis could significantly improve islet transplant success. IGF2 is an anti-apoptotic endocrine protein that inhibits apoptotic cell death through the mitochondrial (intrinsic pathway) or via antagonising activation of pro-inflammatory cytokine signalling (extrinsic pathway), in doing so IGF2 has emerged as a promising therapeutic molecule to improve islet survival in the immediate post-transplant period. The development of novel biomaterials coated with IGF2 is a promising strategy to achieve this. This review examines the mechanisms mediating islet cell apoptosis in the peri- and post-transplant period and aims to identify the utility of IGF2 to promote islet survival and enhance long-term insulin independence rates within the setting of clinical islet transplantation.
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: Darling
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rojas-Canales
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Drogemuller
authors.forename: Nicolas H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Voelcker
authors.forename: Shane T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Grey
authors.forename: P T H
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Coates
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000628:therapy*; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000494:pharmacology; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000502:physiology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D016381:Islets of Langerhans Transplantation
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II