title: Electroacupuncture Promotes the Differentiation of Transplanted Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Preinduced With Neurotrophin-3 and Retinoic Acid Into Oligodendrocyte-Like Cells in Demyelinated Spinal Cord of Rats.
abstract: Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) promotes functional recovery in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and in a murine model of MS. However, there is only a modicum of information on differentiation of grafted MSCs into oligodendrocyte-like cells in MS. The purpose of this study was to transplant neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) and retinoic acid (RA) preinduced MSCs (NR-MSCs) into a demyelinated spinal cord induced by ethidium bromide and to investigate whether EA treatment could promote NT-3 secretion in the demyelinated spinal cord. We also sought to determine whether increased NT-3 could further enhance NR-MSCs overexpressing the tyrosine receptor kinase C (TrkC) to differentiate into more oligodendrocyte-like cells, resulting in increased remyelination and nerve conduction in the spinal cord. Our results showed that NT-3 and RA increased transcription of TrkC mRNA in cultured MSCs. EA increased NT-3 levels and promoted differentiation of oligodendrocyte-like cells from grafted NR-MSCs in the demyelinated spinal cord. There was evidence of myelin formation by grafted NR-MSCs. In addition, NR-MSC transplantation combined with EA treatment (the NR-MSCs + EA group) reduced demyelination and promoted remyelination. Furthermore, the conduction of cortical motor-evoked potentials has improved compared to controls. Together, our data suggest that preinduced MSC transplantation combined with EA treatment not only increased MSC differentiation into oligodendrocyte-like cells forming myelin sheaths, but also promoted remyelination and functional improvement of nerve conduction in the demyelinated spinal cord.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Zhou
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Rong-Yi
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Jing-Wen
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.forename: Eng-Ang
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.forename: Jin-Lang
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yuan-Shan
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Zeng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D015671:Electroacupuncture / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020933:Neurotrophin 3 / Q000737:chemistry*; D009836:Oligodendroglia; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000628:therapy*; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D020933:Neurotrophin 3; D014212:Tretinoin