title: Fetus-in-fetu: a pediatric rarity.
abstract: Fetus-in-fetu (FIF) is a rare entity resulting from abnormal embryogenesis in diamniotic monochorionic twins, being first described by Johann Friedrich Meckel (1800s). This occurs when a vertebrate fetus is enclosed in a normally growing fetus. Clinical manifestations vary. Detection is most often in infancy, the oldest reported age being 47. We report the case of a 4-day-old girl who was referred postnatally following a prenatal fetal scan which had revealed the presence of a multi-loculated retroperitoneal mass lesion with calcifications within. A provisional radiological diagnosis of FIF was made. Elective laparotomy revealed a well encapsulated retroperitoneal mass containing among other structures a skull vault and rudimentary limb buds. Recovery was uneventful. Here we discuss the difference between FIF and teratomas, risks of non-operative therapy and the role of serology in surveillance and detection of malignant change.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia drnjeyanthi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jeyanthi N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Narayanasamy
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohan Arunasalam
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Nallusamy
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Nur Daliza
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Baharuddin