title: In vitro and in vivo evaluation of a new nanocomposite, containing high density polyethylene, tricalcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, and magnesium oxide nanoparticles.
abstract: In this study, a new nanocomposite, which contained high density polyethylene (HDPE), tricalcium phosphate (Ca3(PO4)2) nanoparticles (TCP NPs), hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HA NPs), and magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) was prepared. As in vitro experiment, human osteoblasts (HOB) cells were exposed to pristine HDPE and its nanocomposite for a period of 1, 4, and 7 days at 37 °C, and then different assays were carried out, including osteoblast cell proliferation, Trypan blue staining, cell viability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and cell adhesion. Antibacterial property of pristine HDPE and its nanocomposite was evaluated, and also their mechanical properties were measured after 2 and 4 months. As in vivo experiment, pristine HDPE and its nanocomposite were separately implanted on calvarium bone of rabbits, and tissue inflammation and osteogenesis were investigated after 2, 4, and 6 months. In case of HOB cells treated with HDPE or nanocomposite, as incubation time was increased, cell proliferation, live/dead ratio, and cell viability were decreased. But, the ALP activity and cell adhesion of HOB cells which treated with nanocomposite were raised after increase of incubation time. This study demonstrated that although the mechanical properties of nanocomposite were similar to HDPE sheet, but their antibacterial property was not similar. The in vivo experiment showed that both pristine HDPE and its nanocomposite had same inflammation responses. Interestingly, osteogenesis was observed after 2 months at bone/nanocomposite interface, and was highly increased after 4 and 6 months. It must be noted that such pattern was not seen at bone/HDPE interface.
authors.affiliation: Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 8916733754, Iran.
authors.forename: Fereydoun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pourdanesh
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: alijebal2011@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jebali
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyedhossein
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hekmatimoghaddam
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
authors.forename: Azra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Allaveisie
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology; D008277:Magnesium Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D020959:Polyethylene / Q000737:chemistry; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects; D011817:Rabbits; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D008277:Magnesium Oxide; D020959:Polyethylene; D017886:Durapatite; C018392:tricalcium phosphate
keywords: High density polyethylene; Hydroxyapatite; Magnesium oxide; Nanoparticles; Tricalcium phosphate