title: Salmonella enterica serovar Virchow meningitis in a young man in Italy: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Salmonella enterica is a leading cause of foodborne infections worldwide and includes more than 2500 different serovars, causing primarily gastroenteritis. However, the infection may occur elsewhere and produce characteristic clinical syndromes. Meningitis is a rare complication that occurs in less than 1% of clinical salmonellosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We describe a case of Salmonella Virchow meningitis in a 36-year-old Caucasian man presenting with headache in the occipital region, associated fever, nausea and vomiting, dyspnea and ambulatory difficulty. The cerebrospinal fluid culture showed growth of Salmonella, later confirmed to be Salmonella enterica serovar Virchow.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Salmonella Virchow infection is rare and this report highlights the risk of meningitis as a presentation of salmonellosis. To the best of our knowledge this is the first Italian case of meningitis due to Salmonella Virchow in a young adult. The probable route of transmission remains unclear and a long carriage state after a previous episode of gastroenteritis should be considered.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lombardi
authors.forename: Silvana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Malaspina
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Strippoli
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lucarelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immuno-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy. ida.luzzi@iss.it.
authors.forename: Ida
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Luzzi
authors.forename: Giancarlo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ripabelli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002353:Carrier State; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D016920:Meningitis, Bacterial / Q000382:microbiology*; D012478:Salmonella Food Poisoning / Q000382:microbiology; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D019779:Salmonella enterica / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D065288:Serogroup