title: Association between Ocular Pseudoexfoliation and Sensorineural Hearing Loss.
abstract: Background. Our study aimed to investigate an association between ocular pseudoexfoliation (PXF) and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and to compare them with age and sex matched controls without pseudoexfoliation. Method. This was a case-control study of 123 patients which included 68 cases with PXF (at least one eye) and 55 controls without pseudoexfoliation. Pure-tone audiometry (PTA) was done for these patients at sound frequencies taken as important for speech comprehension, that is, 250 Hertz (Hz), 500 Hz, 1000 Hz, and 2000 Hz. Results. There were 41 patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXE) and 27 with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PXEG). The majority of patients with hearing loss (60%; n = 51) were PXF patients and the remaining 40% (n = 34) were controls. Below average hearing thresholds were significantly higher in the pseudoexfoliation group compared to the control group (P = 0.01; odds ratio (OR), 3.00; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.25-7.19). However, there was no significant difference in the mean hearing threshold levels between the three groups (PXE, PXEG, and controls) in either ear (ANOVA, right ear: P = 0.46 and left ear P = 0.36). Conclusion. Our study found an association between PXF and SNHL, confirming that PXF can involve organs in the body other than the eye.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 59100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Nandini Vijaya
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Singham
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 59100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mimiwati
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zahari
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 59100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohammadreza
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3020-1503
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peyman
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Malaya, 59100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Narayanan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Prepageran
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 59100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Visvaraja
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Subrayan