title: Effect of industrial waste products on phosphorus mobilisation and biomass production in abattoir wastewater irrigated soil.
abstract: This study evaluated the effect of alkaline industrial by-products such as flyash (FA) and redmud (RM) on phosphorus (P) mobilisation in abattoir wastewater irrigated soils, using incubation, leaching and plant growth (Napier grass [Pennisetum purpureum]) experiments. The soil outside the wastewater irrigated area was also collected and treated with inorganic (KH2PO4 [PP]) and organic (poultry manure [PM]) P treatments, to study the effect of FA and RM on P mobilisation using plant growth experiment. Among the amendments, FA showed the highest increase in Olsen P, oxalic acid content and phosphatase activity. The highest increase in Olsen P for PM treated non-irrigated soils showed the ability of FA and RM in mobilising organic P better than inorganic P (PP). There was over 85 % increase in oxalic acid content in the plant growth soils compared to the incubated soil, showing the effect of Napier grass in the exudation of oxalic acid. Both amendments (FA and RM) showed an increase in phosphatase activity at over 90 % at the end of the 5-week incubation period. The leaching experiment indicated a decrease in water soluble P thereby ensuring the role of FA and RM in minimising P loss to water bodies. FA and RM showed an increase in plant biomass for all treatments, where FA amended soil showed the highest increase as evident from FA's effect on Olsen P. Therefore, the use of FA and RM mobilised P in abattoir wastewater irrigated soils and increased biomass production of Napier grass plants through root exudation of oxalic acid.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, Building X, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia, Balaji.Seshadri@unisa.edu.au.
authors.forename: Balaji
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Seshadri
authors.forename: Anitha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kunhikrishnan
authors.forename: Nanthi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bolan
authors.forename: Ravi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Naidu
mesh_terms: D000003:Abattoirs; D057914:Agricultural Irrigation; D000818:Animals; D018533:Biomass; D060729:Coal Ash / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008372:Manure; D019815:Oxalic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D031782:Pennisetum / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D063245:Plant Development; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000502:physiology; D011200:Poultry; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D014866:Waste Products; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D060729:Coal Ash; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008372:Manure; D019815:Oxalic Acid; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; D010758:Phosphorus; D012987:Soil; D014866:Waste Products; D062065:Wastewater