title: Acute sleep deprivation in healthy young men: impact on population diversity and function of circulating neutrophils.
abstract: Lack of sleep greatly affects our immune system. The present study investigates the acute effects of total sleep deprivation on blood neutrophils, the most abundant immune cell in our circulation and the first cell type recruited to sites of infection. Thus, the population diversity and function of circulating neutrophils were compared in healthy young men following one night of total sleep deprivation (TSD) or after 8h regular sleep. We found that neutrophil counts were elevated after nocturnal wakefulness (2.0 ± 0.2 × 10(9)/l vs. 2.6 ± 0.2 × 10(9)/l, sleep vs. TSD, respectively) and the population contained more immature CD16(dim)/CD62L(bright) cells (0.11 ± 0.040 × 10(9)/l [5.5 ± 1.1%] vs. 0.26 ± 0.020 × 10(9)/l [9.9 ± 1.4%]). As the rise in numbers of circulating mature CD16(bright)/CD62L(bright) neutrophils was less pronounced, the fraction of this subpopulation showed a significant decrease (1.8 ± 0.15 × 10(9)/l [88 ± 1.8%] vs. 2.1 ± 0.12 × 10(9)/l [82 ± 2.8%]). The surface expression of receptors regulating mobilization of neutrophils from bone marrow was decreased (CXCR4 and CD49d on immature neutrophils; CXCR2 on mature neutrophils). The receptor CXCR2 is also involved in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and in line with this, total neutrophils produced less ROS. In addition, following sleep loss, circulating neutrophils exhibited enhanced surface levels of CD11b, which indicates enhanced granular fusion and concomitant protein translocation to the membrane. Our findings demonstrate that sleep loss exerts significant effects on population diversity and function of circulating neutrophils in healthy men. To which extent these changes could explain as to why people with poor sleep patterns are more susceptible to infections warrants further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, BMC, P.O. Box 571, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Gustaf
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Christoffersson
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, BMC, P.O. Box 571, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Evelina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vågesjö
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, BMC, P.O. Box 571, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ulrika S
authors.initials: US
authors.lastname: Pettersson
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, BMC, P.O. Box 571, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Massena
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, BMC, P.O. Box 593, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Emil K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, BMC, P.O. Box 593, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jan-Erik
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Broman
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, BMC, P.O. Box 593, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Helgi B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Schiöth
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, BMC, P.O. Box 593, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Benedict
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, BMC, P.O. Box 571, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address: mia.phillipson@mcb.uu.se.
authors.forename: Mia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Phillipson
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D039481:CD11b Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D019041:L-Selectin / Q000032:analysis; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D017286:Polysomnography; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000032:analysis; D023063:Receptors, Interleukin-8B / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D016897:Respiratory Burst; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D039481:CD11b Antigen; C527276:CXCR4 protein, human; C428200:FCGR3B protein, human; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; C509295:ITGAM protein, human; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D017452:Receptors, IgG; D023063:Receptors, Interleukin-8B; D019041:L-Selectin
keywords: Blood; Leukocytes; Respiratory burst; Sleep loss; Surface markers