title: S100A8 as potential salivary biomarker of oral squamous cell carcinoma using nanoLC-MS/MS.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) shows low 5-year survival; early treatment greatly reduces mortality and morbidity. Saliva is a non-invasive sample, with good potential to discover biomarkers for early detection.
  
  
  METHODS
  NanoLC-MS/MS served to analyze saliva proteome from control subjects (n=35) and OSCC patients T1 (n=29), T2 (n=36), T3 (n=14) and T4 (n=21) stages. Identified biomarkers were verified by Western blot and ELISA assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  NanoLC-MS/MS analysis of salivary proteins between 10 and 15kDa identified S100A8, hemoglobin delta and gamma-G globin in T3 and T4 stage OSCC as well as S100A7 in T1 and T2 stage OSCC. Western blot and ELISA indicated positive correlation between salivary S100A8 increment and tumor size stage. High level of S100A8 appeared in 3.4, 13.9, 92.9, and 100% of saliva OSCC patients with T1, T2, T3, and T4 stages, respectively. Significant increase of salivary S100A7 was observed in 20.7% and 11.1% of those with T1 and T2, respectively. AUROC curve indicated high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of S100A8-based ELISA as a detector.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NanoLC-MS/MS, Western blot and ELISA manifested salivary S100A8 as a specific and sensitive marker for detection of OSCC patients. Salivary S100A8 protein could be applicable in developing OSCC diagnostics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Jen
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Jou
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chun-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Der
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Ho
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Su-Hua
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Hsui
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jung-Yie
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan. Electronic address: cwlin@mail.cmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Cheng-Wen
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D040501:Calgranulin A / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D036103:Nanotechnology; D040901:Proteomics; D012372:ROC Curve; D000075023:S100 Calcium Binding Protein A7; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D040501:Calgranulin A; D000075023:S100 Calcium Binding Protein A7; D009418:S100 Proteins; C089242:S100A7 protein, human
keywords: Biomarker; LC–MS/MS; Oral squamous cell carcinoma; S100A8; Saliva