title: DNA barcodes of Rosy Tetras and allied species (Characiformes: Characidae: Hyphessobrycon) from the Brazilian Amazon basin.
abstract: DNA barcoding can be an effective tool for fast and accurate species-level identification based on sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit (COI) gene. The diversity of this fragment can be used to estimate the richness of the respective species. In this study, we explored the use of DNA barcoding in a group of ornamental freshwater fish of the genus Hyphessobrycon. We sequenced the COI from 10 species of Hyphessobrycon belonging to the "Rosy Tetra Clade" collected from the Amazon and Negro River basins and combined our results with published data. The average conspecific and congeneric Kimura 2-parameter distances were 2.3% and 19.3%, respectively. Six of the 10 species were easily distinguishable by DNA barcoding (H. bentosi, H. copelandi, H. eques, H. epicharis, H. pulchrippinis, and H. sweglesi), whereas the remaining species (H. erythrostigma, H. pyrrhonotus, H. rosaceus and H. socolofi) lacked reciprocal monophyly. Although the COI gene was not fully diagnostic, the discovery of distinct evolutionary units in certain Hyphessobrycon species under the same specific epithet as well as haplotype sharing between different species suggest that DNA barcoding is useful for species identification in this speciose genus.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Surco, Perú
authors.forename: Francis Paola
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Castro Paz
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio Temático de Biologia Molecular, Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus-AM, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jacqueline da Silva
authors.initials: Jda S
authors.lastname: Batista
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Genética Animal, Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus-AM, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jorge Ivan Rebelo
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Porto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D060126:Characidae / Q000235:genetics*; D060125:Characiformes / Q000235:genetics*; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D058893:DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic / Q000379:methods; D005399:Fishes / Q000235:genetics*; D005618:Fresh Water; D010802:Phylogeny; D045483:Rivers
chemical_list: D004247:DNA