title: Sophoricoside fails the embryo implantation by compromising the uterine endometrial receptivity at implantation "window" of pregnant mice.
abstract: Sophoricoside (SOPH) is an isoflavone glycoside isolated from the fruits of Sophora japonica. Since its first isolation in 1961, there are rare findings about the effects of SOPH on reproductive system. In the present study, the pregnant mice administrated by different doses of SOPH were used to explore the effect of SOPH on embryo implantation, especially on the endometrial receptivity. The statistical results showed that the number of implanted embryos was gradually declining along the increasing dose of SOPH. When the administrated dose of SOPH was 600 mg/kg per day, great changes were observed in the exposed uterine morphology and up-regulated progesterone receptor (PR) and down-regulated estrogen receptor α (ERα), E-cadherin, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and integrin β3 were also found in SOPH-exposed uterine. These findings demonstrated that SOPH exposure reduced the number of implanted embryos in a dose-dependent manner and failed the embryo implantation through altering the morphology of uterine and compromising the endometrial receptivity.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Bio-control, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China.
authors.forename: Jianhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Bio-control, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China.
authors.forename: Chengquan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Bio-control, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Bio-control, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China.
authors.forename: Lisha
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Bio-control, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China.
authors.forename: Yanglu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Bio-control, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhirong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Bio-control, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China. Electronic address: zhangjfy@163.com.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D015820:Cadherins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000502:physiology*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D039641:Integrin beta Chains / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D011247:Pregnancy; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001578:Benzopyrans; D015820:Cadherins; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D039641:Integrin beta Chains; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; C120642:sophoricoside; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2
keywords: Embryo implantation; Endometrial receptivity; Sophoricoside; Uterine morphology