title: Shoulder dystocia: management and documentation.
abstract: Shoulder dystocia is an obstetric emergency that occurs when the fetal shoulders become impacted at the pelvic inlet. Management is based on performing maneuvers to alleviate this impaction. A number of protocols and training mnemonics have been developed to assist in managing shoulder dystocia when it occurs. This article reviews the evidence regarding the performance, timing, and sequence of these maneuvers; reviews the mechanism of fetal injury in relation to shoulder dystocia; and discusses issues concerning documentation of the care provided during this obstetric emergency.
authors.affiliation: Department of Women׳s and Children׳s Health, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Michael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Stitely
authors.affiliation: Division of Maternal/Fetal Medicine, Department of OB/GYN, Franklin Square Medical Center, 21636 Ripplemead Dr, Laytonsville, Baltimore, MD 20882. Electronic address: ghermdoc@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Robert B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Gherman
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D020516:Brachial Plexus Neuropathies / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D004282:Documentation; D004420:Dystocia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008499:Medical Records / Q000592:standards; D011247:Pregnancy; D000070599:Shoulder Injuries
keywords: Brachial plexus palsy; Documentation; Management; Shoulder dystocia