title: [Hydroxyurea-induced pneumonia].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hydroxyurea is an antimetabolite drug used in the treatment of myeloproliferative disorders. Common adverse effects include haematological, gastrointestinal cutaneous manifestations, and fever. Hydroxyurea-induced pneumonitis is unusual.
  
  
  METHODS
  A female patient was treated with hydroxyurea for polycythemia vera. She was admitted 20 days after commencing treatment with a high fever, productive cough, clear sputum and nausea. A chest CT-scan showed diffuse ground-glass opacities. Microbiological investigations were negative. The symptoms disappeared a few days after discontinuation of the drug and rechallenge led to a relapse of symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our case and 15 earlier cases of hydroxyurea-induced pneumonitis are reviewed. Two patterns of this disease may exist: an acute febrile form occurring within 1 month of introduction of hydroxyurea and a subacute form without fever. Even if uncommon, one should be aware of this complication of hydroxyurea.
authors.affiliation: Service de pneumologie, université de Rennes-1, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35033 Rennes cedex 9, France. Electronic address: anne.girard86@gmail.com.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Girard
authors.affiliation: Service de pneumologie, université de Rennes-1, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35033 Rennes cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ricordel
authors.affiliation: Service d'hématologie, université de Rennes-1, CHU de Rennes, 35033 Rennes, France.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Poullot
authors.affiliation: Service des urgences, université de Rennes-1, CHU de Rennes, 35033 Rennes, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Claeyssen
authors.affiliation: Service de médecine interne, université de Rennes-1, CHU de Rennes, 35033 Rennes, France.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Decaux
authors.affiliation: Service de pneumologie, université de Rennes-1, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35033 Rennes cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Desrues
authors.affiliation: Service de pneumologie, université de Rennes-1, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35033 Rennes cedex 9, France; IRSET UMR 1085, université de Rennes-1, 35043 Rennes, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Delaval
authors.affiliation: Service de pneumologie, université de Rennes-1, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35033 Rennes cedex 9, France; IRSET UMR 1085, université de Rennes-1, 35043 Rennes, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jouneau
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006918:Hydroxyurea / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008232:Lymphoproliferative Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D006918:Hydroxyurea
keywords: Drug-induced pneumonitis; Fever; Fièvre; Hydroxyurea; Hydroxyurée; Interstitial lung disease; Pneumopathie interstitielle; Pneumopathie médicamenteuse