title: A multi-level approach to investigate the control of an input device: application to a realistic pointing task.
abstract: This study investigates the subjects' performance during realistic conditions of control of a joystick. An adapted reciprocal aiming task consisting in driving a virtual vehicle along a slalom course as fast as possible was performed while accuracy constraints were manipulated. Realistic dynamical Interface Screen Relationship between the joystick displacements and the displacements of the vehicle was simulated. Vehicle displacements and motor activity (muscle activity and joint kinematics) were recorded. The results highlighted the applicability of the Fitts' law to more realistic conditions where the use of an input device is performed in an intensive control situation. Besides, biomechanical results suggested that neuromuscular responses were different regarding the direction of movement, whereas the performance at a behavioural level were not affected. Thus, this study demonstrates the interest in considering two different aspects of the user's performance (behavioural and biomechanical ones) to make a better agreement between the device design and users' needs.
  This study considered two different aspects of the subject’s performance in a realistic situation of speed–accuracy trade-off: the behavioural and motor activity. The necessity for the design of the future ergonomics pointing devices to meet the expectations of the neuromuscular system in order to facilitate their uses is highlighted.
authors.affiliation: a Aix-Marseille Université , CNRS, ISM UMR 7287, 13288, Marseille , France.
authors.forename: Hugo Loeches
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: De La Fuente
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Jean-Christophe
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Sarrazin
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Berton
authors.forename: Laure
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fernandez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D016287:Computer Peripherals; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm; D006225:Hand / Q000502:physiology*; D050823:Hand Joints / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills; D009068:Movement; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D014584:User-Computer Interface
keywords: biomechanics; input device; motor control; multi-level analysis; user performance