title: Ethanolic extract of Astragali radix and Salviae radix prohibits oxidative brain injury by psycho-emotional stress in whisker removal rat model.
abstract: Myelophil, an ethanolic extract of Astragali Radix and Salviae Radix, has been clinically used to treat chronic fatigue and stress related disorders in South Korea. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of Myelophil on a whisker removal-induced psycho-emotional stress model. SD rats were subjected to whisker removal after oral administration of Myelophil or ascorbic acid for consecutive 4 days. Whisker removal considerably increased total reactive oxygen species in serum levels as well as cerebral cortex and hippocampal regions in brain tissues. Lipidperoxidation levels were also increased in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus regions, and brain tissue injuries as shown in histopathology and immunohistochemistry. However, Myelophil significantly ameliorated these alterations, and depletion of glutathione contents in both cerebral cortex and hippocampus regions respectively. Serum levels of corticosterone and adrenaline were notably altered after whisker removal stress, whereas these abnormalities were significantly normalized by pre-treatment with Myelophil. The NF-κB was notably activated in both cerebral cortex and hippocampus after whisker removal stress, while it was efficiently blocked by pre-treatment with Myelophil. Myelophil also significantly normalizes alterations of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and interferon-γ in both gene expressions and protein levels. These results suggest that Myelophil has protective effects on brain damages in psycho-emotional stress, and the underlying mechanisms involve regulation of inflammatory proteins, especially NF-κB modulation.
authors.affiliation: Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Oriental Medical College of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Rep. of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyeong-Geug
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Oriental Medical College of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Rep. of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Seok
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Oriental Medical College of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Rep. of Korea.
authors.forename: Min-Kyung
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Oriental Medical College of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Rep. of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Oriental Medical College of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Rep. of Korea.
authors.forename: Chang-Gue
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Son
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D027883:Astragalus Plant / Q000737:chemistry*; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000431:Ethanol; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000097:blood; D027561:Salvia miltiorrhiza / Q000737:chemistry*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014738:Vibrissae / Q000293:injuries
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; C530779:Myelophil; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D000431:Ethanol; D005978:Glutathione