title: IL-33 is negatively associated with the BMI and confers a protective lipid/metabolic profile in non-diabetic but not diabetic subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent studies have demonstrated a protective role for IL-33 against obesity-associated inflammation, atherosclerosis and metabolic abnormalities. IL-33 promotes the production of T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokines, polarizes macrophages towards a protective alternatively activated phenotype, reduces lipid storage and decreases the expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism and adipogenesis. Our objective was to determine the level of serum IL-33 in non-diabetic and diabetic subjects, and to correlate these levels with clinical (BMI and body weight) and metabolic (serum lipids and HbA1c) parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  The level of IL-33 was measured in the serum of lean, overweight and obese non-diabetic and diabetic subjects, and then correlated with clinical and metabolic parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Non-lean subjects had significantly (P = 0.01) lower levels of IL-33 compared to lean controls. IL-33 was negatively correlated with the BMI and body weight in lean and overweight, but not obese (non-diabetic and diabetic), subjects. IL-33 is associated with protective lipid profiles, and is negatively correlated with HbA1c, in non-diabetic (lean, overweight and obese) but not diabetic subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data support previous findings showing a protective role for IL-33 against adiposity and atherosclerosis, and further suggest that reduced levels of IL-33 may put certain individuals at increased risk of developing atherosclerosis and insulin resistance. Therefore, IL-33 may serve as a novel marker to predict those who may be at increased risk of developing atherosclerosis.
authors.forename: Amal
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hasan
authors.forename: Fahad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Al-Ghimlas
authors.forename: Samia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Warsame
authors.forename: Asma
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Hubail
authors.forename: Rasheed
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: Abdullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bennakhi
authors.forename: Monira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Al-Arouj
authors.forename: Kazem
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Behbehani
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dehbi
authors.affiliation: Immunology and Innovative Cell Therapy Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait. sdermime@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Said
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dermime
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D000067596:Interleukin-33; D007378:Interleukins / Q000097:blood*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D055442:Metabolome; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D000067596:Interleukin-33; D007378:Interleukins; D008055:Lipids; C506536:IL33 protein, human