title: A prediction model for liver abscess developing after transarterial chemoembolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Liver abscess is a rare but potentially fatal complication of transarterial chemoembolization. Other than for biliary abnormalities, risk factors for liver abscess formation after transarterial chemoembolization have rarely been discussed.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify other risk factors of liver abscess after transarterial chemoembolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data for 5299 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent transarterial chemoembolization from July 1999 to December 2009 were retrospectively reviewed. 72 patients who experienced liver abscess after transarterial chemoembolization were enrolled as a case group, which was compared with a randomly selected control group (n=1009) of patients who did not develop liver abscess after transarterial chemoembolization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pneumobilia, type 2 biliary abnormality, type 1 biliary abnormality, diabetes mellitus, tumour number (≥3), tumour size (≥3cm), and tumour necrosis on the pre-transarterial chemoembolization computed tomography, and gelfoam embolization and vessel injury during transarterial chemoembolization were all significant predisposing factors for liver abscess after transarterial chemoembolization. A prediction model for postembolization liver abscess was developed from these risk factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The group of patients with risk scores greater than 71 showed a significantly increased risk of liver abscess after transarterial chemoembolization. These high-risk patients should be monitored carefully after transarterial chemoembolization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Changwon Fatima Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Uk
authors.initials: JU
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kwang Min
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Wook
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Shin Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Min
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Un
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Sinn
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Geum Youn
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Gwak
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Moon Seok
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Joon Hyoek
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Woon
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Paik
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byung Chul
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: Kc.koh@samsung.com.
authors.forename: Kwang Cheol
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Koh
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000628:therapy*; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007261:Infusions, Intra-Arterial; D008100:Liver Abscess / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma; Liver abscess; Transarterial chemoembolization