title: Isolation and identification of phase I metabolites of phillyrin in rats.
abstract: Phillyrin was one of the main chemical constituents of the fruit of Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl. It showed various bioactivities including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the metabolism of phillyrin remained unknown. This report described the isolation and identification of phase I metabolites of phillyrin in rats. Nine metabolites including six new ones were isolated by various column chromatographies and high-performance liquid chromatography. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis. The antiviral activities of phillyrin and the metabolites were evaluated against influenza A (H3N2) virus. Among them, one metabolite M8 showed moderate activity with the IC50 value of 26.39 μM, and three metabolites (M2, M3, M9) showed weak antiviral activities at the concentration of 100 μM. Based on the structures of the metabolites, possible metabolic pathways of phillyrin in rats were also proposed.
authors.affiliation: College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Hong
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zi-Fei
authors.initials: ZF
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jin-Bo
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center For the Strategic Drugs, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Rui-Yuan
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632,People's Republic of China. Electronic address: daiyi1004@163.com.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632,People's Republic of China. Electronic address: tyaoxs@jnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xin-Sheng
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Yao
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000032:analysis; D031657:Forsythia / Q000737:chemistry*; D005960:Glucosides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000652:urine*; D008297:Male; D050216:Metabolic Detoxication, Phase I; D015394:Molecular Structure; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D005960:Glucosides; C075528:phillyrin
keywords: Antivirus; Forsythia suspensa; Phase I metabolites; Phillyrin