title: Scapular resting position, shoulder pain and function in disabled athletes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite the fact that the number of disabled individuals participating in sports is increasing, there are only sparse reports in the literature concerning overuse injuries.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to compare scapular resting position, shoulder pain, and function in wheelchair basketball, amputee soccer, and disabled table tennis players.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 63 disabled players from amputee soccer, wheelchair basketball, and disabled table tennis participated in our study. Scapular resting position was taken as primary outcome; pain and function were taken as secondary outcome measurements. Scapular resting position was evaluated with Lateral Scapular Slide Test. Visual Analog Scale was used for evaluating shoulder pain intensity. Quick disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand questionnaire were used to assess upper extremity function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant difference in shoulder pain, function, and scapular resting position in all groups (p < 0.05). Paired comparisons between amputee soccer and wheelchair basketball players and also amputee soccer and disabled table tennis showed difference for all measurement parameters (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When the results are evaluated, it may be stated that amputee soccer players have better scapular resting position than other sports. Crutch usage may not negatively affect scapular resting position and perceived function as much as wheelchair usage. Exercise techniques for shoulder and resting position could be included in training programs of disabled athletes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Wheelchair/crutch usage is a risk, and special exercise techniques for shoulder and dyskinesis could be included in training programs to prevent injury. However, it may not just be important for wheelchair athletes, it may also be important for amputee soccer players. In particular, total upper extremity evaluations and exercises could be added within exercise programs.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aydan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aytar
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aslican
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zeybek
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey nihan_2002@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Nihan Ozunlu
authors.initials: NO
authors.lastname: Pekyavas
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baskent University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ayca Aytar
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Tigli
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nevin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ergun
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D056352:Athletes; D003446:Crutches; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012540:Scapula; D020069:Shoulder Pain / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013177:Sports / Q000502:physiology*; D014910:Wheelchairs; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Shoulder; disabled athletes; disabled sports; scapula; scapular resting position