title: Incidence of gestational diabetes and birth complications in Switzerland: screening in 1042 pregnancies.
abstract: To evaluate the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), gestational glucose intolerance (GGI), and birth major complications, a population of 1042 pregnant women was screened after the end of the second trimester with a two-step screening method. Patients with a positive 50-g screening test (plasma glucose ≥ 7.8 mmol/l at 1 h) underwent a 3-h standard 100-g oral glucose tolerance test. Clinical records of patients and newborns were analysed and compared to normotolerant patients group. GDM was found in 4.8% and GGI in 2.6% of all screened women of this study population. The patient group with GDM significantly differed from control, with a higher proportion of Asiatic women (32.0% versus 2.9%, p = 0.001) and high prevalence of previous GDM (26.0% versus 0.0%, p < 0.001). Major neonatal complications occurred more frequently in the dysmetabolic groups compared to normotolerant group. Macrosomia was not noted in our population. Asiatic origin and previous GDM were strongly associated with an increased incidence of GDM in multivariate analysis. This study represents the first epidemiological evaluation of GDM/GGI in Switzerland, with a two-step screening method. Incidence of GDM and GGI as well as birth complications resulted significant in our country.
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine .
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Orecchio
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Periard
authors.forename: Amged
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kashef
authors.forename: Jean-Luc
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Magnin
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hayoz
authors.forename: Enzo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fontana
mesh_terms: D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007232:Infant, Newborn, Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007744:Obstetric Labor Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000379:methods; D013557:Switzerland / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Birth complications; GDM; diabetes; pregnancy