title: Effects of feeding tyrosine and phenylalanine on the accumulation of phenylethanoid glycosides to Cistanche deserticola cell suspension culture.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of feeding phenylalanine (Phe) and tyrosine (Tyr) on the accumulation of total phenolic compounds and four phenylethanoid glycosides (PeGs) to a cell suspension culture of the parasitic plant Cistanche deserticola.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cell suspension culture of C. deserticola was established and precursors of different concentrations were fed. In each group, the cell was sampled at the 24(th) day after inoculation. The content of total phenolic compounds and four PeGs compounds were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and an HPLC method, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the Phe fed cells, the maximum PeGs yield was achieved when Phe was fed at 1.5 mmol·L(-1) and the yield reached 1.13 times the control cell concentration. In the Tyr fed cells, the maximum yield of PeGs was 1.60 times of control when 0.75 mmol·L(-1) Tyr was fed to the cells. Furthermore, it was found that the salidroside yield was 4.01 times of control group when 5 mmol·L(-1) Tyr was fed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tyr is a better precursor for PeGs accumulation compared with Phe, and the rate limiting enzymes might be involved in the Tyr branch.
authors.affiliation: School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Joint Laboratory of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University & Dong-A University, Shenyang 110016, China.
authors.forename: Gao-Sheng
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Joint Laboratory of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University & Dong-A University, Shenyang 110016, China.
authors.forename: Jing-Ming
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Joint Laboratory of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University & Dong-A University, Shenyang 110016, China; College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Dong-A University, Busan 604-714, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: dhkim@dau.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Doh Hoon
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D031671:Cistanche / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D006027:Glycosides / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D010649:Phenylalanine / Q000378:metabolism*; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D006027:Glycosides; D014443:Tyrosine; D010649:Phenylalanine
keywords: Biosynthesis; Cell suspension culture; Cistanche deserticola; Phenylalanine; Phenylethanoid glycosides; Precursor feeding; RP-HPLC; Salidroside; Tyrosine