title: Baicalein ameliorates inflammatory-related apoptotic and catabolic phenotypes in human chondrocytes.
abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA), characterized by progressive destruction of articular cartilage, is the most common form of human arthritis and a major concern for aging societies worldwide. In OA, pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α can trigger the caspase cascade to promote apoptosis and activate NF-κB to induce catabolic factors in chondrocytes. Here, the anti-apoptotic and anti-catabolic effects of baicalein on human OA chondrocytes treated by a mixture of IL-1β and TNF-α (IT) were investigated in vitro. In cultured chondrocytes, baicalein pretreatment attenuated apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner in response to IT stimulation. Mechanistically, the anti-apoptotic effects of baicalein result from inhibition of nitric oxide production and downstream caspase signaling pathway. Moreover, administration of baicalein significantly reduced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 3 and MMP13 secretion in chondrocytes stimulated with IT. The anti-catabolic effects of baicalein were further demonstrated by the recovery of the glycosaminoglycan and type II collagen (COLII) deposition by histological analysis in IT-treated mouse articular cartilage explants. These findings suggest that baicalein might be a promising novel therapeutic agent for OA by virtue of its suppression of apoptosis and MMP secretion in OA chondrocytes.
authors.affiliation: Medical Center of Hip, Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital, Henan, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Medical Center of Hip, Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital, Henan, PR China.
authors.forename: Yingjie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Medical Center of Hip, Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital, Henan, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiantao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Arthritis Research, Shanghai Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Medical Center of Hip, Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital, Henan, PR China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Medical Center of Hip, Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital, Henan, PR China.
authors.forename: Yudong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Medical Center of Hip, Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital, Henan, PR China.
authors.forename: Huichao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Medical Center of Hip, Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital, Henan, PR China. Electronic address: liuyouwen100@sina.com.
authors.forename: Youwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Arthritis Research, Shanghai Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shanghai, PR China. Electronic address: xiaolianbomd@sina.com.
authors.forename: Lianbo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D044950:Flavanones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D053509:Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 / Q000378:metabolism; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D008660:Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D024043:Collagen Type II; D044950:Flavanones; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C006680:baicalein; D020169:Caspases; C507079:MMP13 protein, human; D053509:Matrix Metalloproteinase 13; C511768:MMP3 protein, human; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3
keywords: Apoptosis; Baicalein; Caspase; Catabolic factor; Chondrocyte; Osteoarthritis