title: Effects of a dietary antioxidant blend and vitamin E on fatty acid profile, liver function, and inflammatory response in broiler chickens fed a diet high in oxidants.
abstract: The aim of the current study was to determine the effects of a dietary antioxidant blend and vitamin E on fatty acid profile, inflammatory response, and liver function. Cobb 500 male broilers (n = 1,200, d 0) were randomly distributed into 6 treatments with 10 replicate floor pens. Treatments included (1) a high-oxidant diet, with vitamin E at 10 IU/kg, 3% oxidized oil, 3% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) source (HO); (2) the HO diet with vitamin E at 200 IU/kg (VE); (3) the HO diet with an antioxidant blend at 135 mg/kg (AOX); (4) the HO diet with both vitamin E at 200 IU/kg and an antioxidant blend at 135 mg/kg (VE+AOX); (5) standard control (SC); and (6) a positive control, which was the SC diet with an antioxidant blend at 135 mg/kg. The concentrations of 20:4, 20:5, 22:5, 22:6, and all the n-3 fatty acids were greater in the abdominal fat of HO, VE, AOX, and VE+AOX birds than SC and positive control birds on d 21 and 42 (P < 0.001). Compared with HO treatment, AOX and VE+AOX preserved the deposition of PUFA better (P < 0.001). The HO birds had greater concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase on d 21 and 42, and γ-glutamyl transferase on d 21, whereas AOX and VE+AOX chickens had restored γ-glutamyl transferase concentration (P < 0.01). The inflammation scores of abdominal fat of AOX and VE+AOX birds were lower than the HO on d 21 (P < 0.001). Compared with SC, the VE and VE+AOX birds exhibited greater vacuole scores on d 21 and 42 (P < 0.01). The lower vacuoles score in SC was associated with a greater expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor -γ and -α (P < 0.05). The expression of inflammatory genes in the liver did not differ among treatments. In conclusion, the AOX and AOX+VE diets were effective in preserving PUFA in the abdominal fat, moderately improved liver function, and reduced inflammation in fat.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg 24061.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg 24061.
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Harper
authors.affiliation: Novus International Inc., St. Charles, MO 63304.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Dairy Science, and.
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Corl
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg 24061.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: LeRoith
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg 24061 RDalloul@vt.edu.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Dalloul
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants; D030161:Avian Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002645:Chickens / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005015:Ethoxyquin / Q000378:metabolism*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008099:Liver / Q000502:physiology; D008111:Liver Function Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D016877:Oxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D011435:Propyl Gallate / Q000378:metabolism*; D011897:Random Allocation; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D030161:Avian Proteins; D005227:Fatty Acids; D016877:Oxidants; D014810:Vitamin E; D011435:Propyl Gallate; D005015:Ethoxyquin
keywords: antioxidant; fatty acid profile; inflammatory response; liver function