title: An inverse method to determine the mechanical properties of the iris in vivo.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Understanding the mechanical properties of the iris can help to have an insight into the eye diseases with abnormalities of the iris morphology. Material parameters of the iris were simply calculated relying on the ex vivo experiment. However, the mechanical response of the iris in vivo is different from that ex vivo, therefore, a method was put forward to determine the material parameters of the iris using the optimization method in combination with the finite element method based on the in vivo experiment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ocular hypertension was induced by rapid perfusion to the anterior chamber, during perfusion intraocular pressures in the anterior and posterior chamber were record by sensors, images of the anterior segment were captured by the ultrasonic system. The displacement of the characteristic points on the surface of the iris was calculated. A finite element model of the anterior chamber was developed using the ultrasonic image before perfusion, the multi-island genetic algorithm was employed to determine the material parameters of the iris by minimizing the difference between the finite element simulation and the experimental measurements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Material parameters of the iris in vivo were identified as the iris was taken as a nearly incompressible second-order Ogden solid. Values of the parameters μ1, α1, μ2 and α2 were 0.0861 ± 0.0080 MPa, 54.2546 ± 12.7180, 0.0754 ± 0.0200 MPa, and 48.0716 ± 15.7796 respectively. The stability of the inverse finite element method was verified, the sensitivity of the model parameters was investigated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Material properties of the iris in vivo could be determined using the multi-island genetic algorithm coupled with the finite element method based on the experiment.
authors.forename: Kunya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiuqing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mei
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China. zcliu@ccmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhicheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007498:Iris; D055595:Mechanical Phenomena; D057054:Molecular Imaging; D011817:Rabbits