title: Co-immobilization of active antibiotics and cell adhesion peptides on calcium based biomaterials.
abstract: Two bioactive molecules with unrelated functions, vancomycin and a cell adhesion peptide, were immobilized on the surface of a potential bone scaffold material, calcium aluminum oxide. In order to accomplish immobilization and retain bioactivity three sequential surface functionalization strategies were compared: 1.) vancomycin was chemically immobilized before a cell adhesion peptide (KRSR), 2.) vancomycin was chemically immobilized after KRSR and 3.) vancomycin was adsorbed after binding the cell adhesion peptide. Both molecules remained on the surface and active using all three reaction sequences and after autoclave sterilization based on osteoblast attachment, bacterial turbidity and bacterial zone inhibition test results. However, the second strategy was superior at enhancing osteoblast attachment and significantly decreasing bacterial growth when compared to the other sequences.
authors.affiliation: Duquesne University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA.
authors.forename: Rachelle N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Palchesko
authors.affiliation: Duquesne University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA.
authors.forename: Gavin A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Buckholtz
authors.affiliation: Duquesne University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA.
authors.forename: Jared D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Romeo
authors.affiliation: Duquesne University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA. Electronic address: gawalte@duq.edu.
authors.forename: Ellen S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Gawalt
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry*; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D016062:Porosity; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; C035219:calcium aluminate; D014640:Vancomycin; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Antibacterial; Cell adhesion; Double modification; Immobilization; KRSR; Vancomycin