title: Neurocysticercosis in children presenting with afebrile seizure: clinical profile, imaging and serodiagnosis.
abstract: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is one of the major causes of childhood seizures in developing countries including India and Latin America. In this study neurological pediatric cases presenting with afebrile seizures were screened for anti-Cysticercus antibodies (IgG) in their sera in order to estimate the possible burden of cysticercal etiology. The study included a total of 61 pediatric afebrile seizure subjects (aged one to 15 years old); there was a male predominance. All the sera were tested using a pre-evaluated commercially procured IgG-ELISA kit (UB-Magiwell Cysticercosis Kit ™). Anti-Cysticercus antibody in serum was positive in 23 of 61 (37.7%) cases. The majority of cases with a positive ELISA test presented with generalized seizure (52.17%), followed by complex partial seizure (26.08%), and simple partial seizure (21.73%). Headaches were the major complaint (73.91%). Other presentations were vomiting (47.82%), pallor (34.78%), altered sensorium (26.08%), and muscle weakness (13.04%). There was one hemiparesis case diagnosed to be NCC. In this study one child without any significant findings on imaging was also found to be positive by serology. There was a statistically significant association found between the cases with multiple lesions on the brain and the ELISA-positivity (p = 0.017). Overall positivity of the ELISA showed a potential cysticercal etiology. Hence, neurocysticercosis should be suspected in every child presenting with afebrile seizure especially with a radio-imaging supportive diagnosis in tropical developing countries or areas endemic for taeniasis/cysticercosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Alluri Sitarama Raju Academy of Medical Sciences, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh-534005, India.
authors.forename: Priyadarshi Soumyaranjan
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Sahu
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Alluri Sitarama Raju Academy of Medical Sciences, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh-534005, India.
authors.forename: Jyotsna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Seepana
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Alluri Sitarama Raju Academy of Medical Sciences, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh-534005, India.
authors.forename: Sudarsini
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Padela
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Alluri Sitarama Raju Academy of Medical Sciences, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh-534005, India.
authors.forename: Abani Kanta
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Sahu
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Alluri Sitarama Raju Academy of Medical Sciences, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh-534005, India.
authors.forename: Swarna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Subbarayudu
authors.affiliation: Division of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Ankur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barua
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000818:Animals; D000909:Antibodies, Helminth / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D020019:Neurocysticercosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003294:Seizures, Febrile / Q000469:parasitology*; D041201:Taenia solium / Q000276:immunology*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000909:Antibodies, Helminth