title: Metabolic disorder and obesity in 5027 Brazilian postmenopausal women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the frequency of obesity in postmenopausal women and assess the potential effects of increased body mass index (BMI) on lipoprotein profile and on risk factors for arterial hypertension and diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was conducted with 5027 postmenopausal Brazilian women. Analyses were performed of BMI and cardiovascular factors (systemic blood pressure [BP], total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein [HDL-C], triglyceride, and fast glucose). The statistical analysis included the chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests. The significance level was set at 5%.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Obesity (BMI >30) in our study characterized approximately 30% of the 5027 postmenopausal women. The comparison of patients with normal BMI and those with high BMI showed that high BMI had a significant negative effect on BP, as evidenced by the increased frequency of hypertension in overweight and obese patients (>25) (p < 0.001), that it also negatively and significantly affected triglyceride (p < 0.001) and fast glucose levels (p < 0.001), and that it was linked significantly to low levels of HDL-C.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data showed the high frequency of obesity in our population and of the cardiovascular risks (glucose, systemic arterial hypertension, and low HDL-C) associated with high BMI.
authors.affiliation: Disciplina de Ginecologia do Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP) , São Paulo , Brazil and.
authors.forename: Vicente Renato
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Bagnoli
authors.forename: Angela Maggio da
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.forename: Wilson Maça Yuki
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Arie
authors.forename: Erika Mendonça
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Das Neves
authors.forename: Raymundo Soares
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Azevedo
authors.forename: Isabel Cristina Espósito
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Sorpreso
authors.forename: José Maria
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Soares Júnior
authors.forename: Edmund Chada
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Baracat
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000097:blood; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Menopause; metabolic disorder; obesity