title: Combined mutational analysis of RAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, and TP53 genes in Taiwanese patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Many genetic factors have been implicated in the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Although mutations associated with OSCC have been well documented, the rate of these mutations is known to vary by location. The goal of this study was to determine the frequency of RAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, and TP53 mutations in OSCC within the Taiwanese population.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 79 OSCC tissue specimens were screened for the presence of RAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, and TP53 mutations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Missense mutations in HRAS were found in 10 of 79 cases (12.66%), and were significantly associated with tumor grade. PIK3CA mutations were observed in 11 of 79 cases (13.92%), including a rare mutation, Q546 P, that had not previously been reported in OSCC. TP53 mutations were observed in 26 of 79 patients (32.91%) and were significantly correlated with poor survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that HRAS, PIK3CA, and TP53 may play a role in OSCC tumorigenesis.
authors.affiliation: Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ya-Sian
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hui-Ting
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ying-Chin
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kun-Tu
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, Health and Leisure Studies, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shun-Jen
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chien-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. Electronic address: D6781@mail.cmuh.org.tw.
authors.forename: Jan-Gowth
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D058534:Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D005260:Female; D016158:Genes, p53 / Q000235:genetics; D011905:Genes, ras / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011379:Prognosis; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / Q000235:genetics; D015996:Survival Rate; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D058534:Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; C484760:PIK3CA protein, human; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf