title: The clinical characterization and surgical correction of blepharoptosis associated with congenital aniridia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To document the clinical characteristics and describe our management of patients with blepharoptosis associated with congenital aniridia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive retrospective case series of patients with congenital aniridia seen at a single institution (Cincinnati Eye Institute) from 1963 to 2010. Surgical correction was performed by 2 surgeons (J.A.N. and R.C.K.).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ptosis associated with congenital aniridia is marked with decreased levator function. Significant comorbid ophthalmologic disease was invariably present, particularly aniridia-associated keratopathy. Complications, most often keratopathy, were common, even following conservative correction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The degree of ptosis is significant, and levator function is typically reduced. Ocular surface viability appears to play a key role in preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative management. While we are aware that congenital aniridia is rather rare, we believe these recommendations are generalizable to patients with severe ocular surface disease.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Ophthalmology, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California; †Cincinnati Eye Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio; and ‡Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, California, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Peralta
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Kersten
authors.forename: Edward J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Snyder
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Nerad
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015783:Aniridia / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D001763:Blepharoptosis / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology