title: Comparison of consumer grade, tablet and 6MP-displays: observer performance in detection of anatomical and pathological structures in panoramic radiographs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare observer performance in the detection of anatomical structures and pathology in panoramic radiographs using a consumer grade display and tablet (3(rd) generation iPad; Cupertino, CA, USA) under suboptimal conditions compared to 6 MegaPixels (6 MP) display under dim lighting conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty panoramic radiographs were selected. All images were blindly evaluated on three displays by two observers with different amounts of experience. Consumer grade display and tablet evaluations were made under approximately 510 lx ambient light and 6MP display evaluations under approx. 16 lx.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The observer performance of an experienced observer did not differ between different displays whereas the less experienced observer performed better with 6MP display than with consumer grade display or tablet.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A dentist with less experience in interpreting panoramic radiographs may be more dependent on the high-quality display used under optimal viewing conditions to detect anatomical structures and pathology compared to a more experienced dentist.
authors.affiliation: Oral and Maxillofacial radiologist, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. Electronic address: soili.kallio-pulkkinen@oulu.fi.
authors.forename: Soili
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kallio-Pulkkinen
authors.affiliation: Biostatistician, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haapea
authors.affiliation: Study-coordinator, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Esa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Liukkonen
authors.affiliation: Senior Lecturer, Department of Diagnostics and Oral Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Sisko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huumonen
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Radiology, Institute of Diagnostics, University of Oulu; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Osmo
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tervonen
authors.affiliation: Professor of medical physics, Department of Radiology, Institute of Diagnostics, University of Oulu; Chief physicist, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Miika T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Nieminen
mesh_terms: D003626:Data Display; D006801:Humans; D015588:Observer Variation; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results