title: Identification of unique SUN-interacting nuclear envelope proteins with diverse functions in plants.
abstract: Although a plethora of nuclear envelope (NE) transmembrane proteins (NETs) have been identified in opisthokonts, plant NETs are largely unknown. The only known NET homologues in plants are Sad1/UNC-84 (SUN) proteins, which bind Klarsicht/ANC-1/Syne-1 homology (KASH) proteins. Therefore, de novo identification of plant NETs is necessary. Based on similarities between opisthokont KASH proteins and the only known plant KASH proteins, WPP domain-interacting proteins, we used a computational method to identify the KASH subset of plant NETs. Ten potential plant KASH protein families were identified, and five candidates from four of these families were verified for their NE localization, depending on SUN domain interaction. Of those, Arabidopsis thaliana SINE1 is involved in actin-dependent nuclear positioning in guard cells, whereas its paralogue SINE2 contributes to innate immunity against an oomycete pathogen. This study dramatically expands our knowledge of plant KASH proteins and suggests that plants and opisthokonts have recruited different KASH proteins to perform NE regulatory functions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 OBP, England, UK.
authors.forename: Katja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Graumann
authors.affiliation: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich NR4 7UH, England, UK.
authors.forename: Lennart
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wirthmueller
authors.affiliation: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich NR4 7UH, England, UK.
authors.forename: Jonathan D G
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 meier.56@osu.edu.
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Meier
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D016960:Agrobacterium tumefaciens; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D019295:Computational Biology; D018745:Genome, Plant; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009685:Nuclear Envelope / Q000378:metabolism*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D040901:Proteomics; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014026:Nicotiana
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; C443479:sad1 protein, Arabidopsis