title: Alternation of up and down states at a dynamical phase-transition of a neural network with spatiotemporal attractors.
abstract: Complex collective activity emerges spontaneously in cortical circuits in vivo and in vitro, such as alternation of up and down states, precise spatiotemporal patterns replay, and power law scaling of neural avalanches. We focus on such critical features observed in cortical slices. We study spontaneous dynamics emerging in noisy recurrent networks of spiking neurons with sparse structured connectivity. The emerging spontaneous dynamics is studied, in presence of noise, with fixed connections. Note that no short-term synaptic depression is used. Two different regimes of spontaneous activity emerge changing the connection strength or noise intensity: a low activity regime, characterized by a nearly exponential distribution of firing rates with a maximum at rate zero, and a high activity regime, characterized by a nearly Gaussian distribution peaked at a high rate for high activity, with long-lasting replay of stored patterns. Between this two regimes, a transition region is observed, where firing rates show a bimodal distribution, with alternation of up and down states. In this region, one observes neuronal avalanches exhibiting power laws in size and duration, and a waiting time distribution between successive avalanches which shows a non-monotonic behavior. During periods of high activity (up states) consecutive avalanches are correlated, since they are part of a short transient replay initiated by noise focusing, and waiting times show a power law distribution. One can think at this critical dynamics as a reservoire of dynamical patterns for memory functions.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Fisica "E. R. Caianiello", Università di Salerno Fisciano (SA), Italy ; INFN Gr. Coll. di Salerno Fisciano (SA), Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Scarpetta
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Napoli Federico II Napoli, Italy ; CNR-SPIN, Sezione di Napoli Italy ; INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Candia
keywords: STDP; associative memory; criticality; neural avalanches; phase transition; spatiotemporal pattern replay; up and down states