title: Additive-free hollow-structured Co3O4 nanoparticle Li-ion battery: the origins of irreversible capacity loss.
abstract: Origins of the irreversible capacity loss were addressed through probing changes in the electronic and structural properties of hollow-structured Co3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) during lithiation and delithiation using electrochemical Co3O4 transistor devices that function as a Co3O4 Li-ion battery. Additive-free Co3O4 NPs were assembled into a Li-ion battery, allowing us to isolate and explore the effects of the Co and Li2O formation/decomposition conversion reactions on the electrical and structural degradation within Co3O4 NP films. NP films ranging between a single monolayer and multilayered film hundreds of nanometers thick prepared with blade-coating and electrophoretic deposition methods, respectively, were embedded in the transistor devices for in situ conduction measurements as a function of battery cycles. During battery operation, the electronic and structural properties of Co3O4 NP films in the bulk, Co3O4/electrolyte, and Co3O4/current collector interfaces were spatially mapped to address the origin of the initial irreversible capacity loss from the first lithiation process. Further, change in carrier injection/extraction between the current collector and the Co3O4 NPs was explored using a modified electrochemical transistor device with multiple voltage probes along the electrical channel.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hongik University 72-1, Sangsu-dong, Mapo-gu, Seoul 121-791, Korea.
authors.forename: Youngjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jung-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sungeun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Yongwoo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Insik
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: In
authors.forename: Jihoon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Nam-Ho
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Elsa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Reichmanis
authors.forename: Hyungduk
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Kyu-Tae
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hyun-Keun
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Doo-Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Heesun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Byoungnam
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Park