title: Bipolar disorder, miscarriage, and termination.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare rates of bipolar episodes following miscarriage and termination with those occurring in the postpartum period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Information in relation to pregnancy and childbirth was gathered retrospectively for 1,283 women with broadly defined bipolar disorder by interview and case-notes review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Rates of mania or affective psychosis were significantly higher after full-term delivery than after termination (p < 0.001) or miscarriage (p < 0.001). Rates of non-psychotic major depression were similar following full-term deliveries, miscarriages (p = 0.362), and terminations (p = 0.301).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While women with bipolar disorder and their clinicians should be aware of the possible onset of depression in the weeks following miscarriage or termination, episodes of mania or affective psychosis are less common in comparison with the high rates observed in the postpartum period.
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Mental Health, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff.
authors.forename: Arianna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Florio
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Liz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Forty
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gordon-Smith
authors.forename: Nick
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Craddock
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000029:Abortion, Legal / Q000523:psychology*; D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000523:psychology*; D000328:Adult; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis*; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D049590:Postpartum Period / Q000523:psychology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011644:Puerperal Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: bipolar disorder; childbirth; miscarriage; termination