title: Imaging ACL reconstructions and their complications.
abstract: Examination of ligament reconstructions, particularly of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), are common situations in everyday knee imaging practice. Knowledge of normal appearances, the expected changes over time and the potential complications of these plasties are essential. MRI is the imaging method of choice. This article illustrates the main complications specific to this procedure: suboptimal positioning of the femoral or tibial tunnels, impingement between the graft and bony contours, rupture (partial or complete) of the plasty due to friction or injury, arthrofibrosis and particularly the "Cyclops" syndrome, fragmentation or migration of the fixation materials and a granulomatous reaction to biomaterials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique (IREC), cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, université catholique de Louvain, avenue Hippocrate, 10/2942, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kulczycka
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique (IREC), cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, université catholique de Louvain, avenue Hippocrate, 10/2942, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Larbi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique (IREC), cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, université catholique de Louvain, avenue Hippocrate, 10/2942, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Malghem
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique (IREC), cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, université catholique de Louvain, avenue Hippocrate, 10/2942, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Thienpont
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique (IREC), cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, université catholique de Louvain, avenue Hippocrate, 10/2942, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vande Berg
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique (IREC), cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, université catholique de Louvain, avenue Hippocrate, 10/2942, 1200 Brussels, Belgium. Electronic address: frederic.lecouvet@uclouvain.be.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lecouvet
mesh_terms: D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D059549:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis
keywords: Anterior cruciate ligament; Complications; Knee; MRI; Surgery