title: Bioactivity evaluation of ingredients identified from the fruits of Amomum tsaoko Crevost et Lemaire, a Chinese spice.
abstract: In this work, a phytochemical investigation was conducted on Amomum tsaoko Crevost et Lemaire, a traditional Chinese spice. Based on spectroscopic methods including MS, (1)H-NMR, (13)C-NMR, DEPT135 and HMQC spectroscopy, eight main chemical compositions, sitosterol, daucosterol, meso-hannokinol, quercetin, epicatechin, quercetin-7-O-β-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-β-glucoside, and catechol, were isolated and identified from A. tsaoko, among which quercetin, quercetin-7-O-β-glucoside and quercetin-3-O-β-glucoside were first found in A. tsaoko. Their bioactivities were evaluated by the inhibitory effect on NO production in LPS-stimulated macrophage RAW 264.7 cells, the protective effect on H2O2-induced apoptosis of PC-12 cells and the DPPH radical scavenging assay. Epicatechin exhibited excellent anti-inflammatory properties; its inhibition rate was up to 63.65% at a concentration of 100 μg mL(-1). In addition, quercetin showed the strongest neuroprotective effect of PC-12 cells induced by H2O2, and the cell viability was up to 78.9% at a concentration of 50 μg mL(-1). Quercetin also exhibited excellent DPPH radical-scavenging activity at a concentration of 100 μg mL(-1) (DPPH radical inhibition rate > 80%), which was very close to Vc at the same concentration. It is concluded that, in A. tsaoko, different ingredients have their own health functions.
authors.affiliation: College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China. jgjiang@scut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Tian-Tian
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chuan-Li
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Jian-Guo
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D035801:Amomum / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002392:Catechin / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D005960:Glucosides / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000009:adverse effects; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000009:adverse effects; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D016716:PC12 Cells; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D011794:Quercetin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017365:Spices / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D005960:Glucosides; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010936:Plant Extracts; C016527:isoquercitrin; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C089996:quercimeritrin; D002392:Catechin; D011794:Quercetin; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide