title: Time-related alteration in flow- (shear stress-) mediated remodeling in resistance arteries from spontaneously hypertensive rats.
abstract: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disorders. As flow-mediated outward remodeling has a key role in postischemic revascularization, we investigated this remodeling in mesenteric resistance arteries of normotensive (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) aged 3 to 9 months. Sequential ligation of mesenteric resistance arteries allowed modifying blood flow in vivo, thus exposing arteries to low, normal, or high flow. After 1, 3, 8, or 24 weeks, arteries were isolated for in vitro study. High flow (HF) induced outward hypertrophic remodeling in WKY rats after 1 week and persisted until 24 weeks without change in wall to lumen ratio. In SHRs, diameter increase was delayed, occurring only after 3 weeks. Nevertheless, it was reduced at 8 weeks and no longer significant after 24 weeks. In parallel, media cross-section area increased more with time in SHRs than in WKY rats and this was associated with increased contractility and oxidative stress with decreased NO-dependent relaxation. Low flow induced progressive inward remodeling until 24 weeks in both strains with excessive hypertrophy in SHRs. Thus, a chronic increase in flow induced transitory diameter expansion and long-lasting hypertrophy in SHRs. This could contribute to the higher susceptibility of hypertensive subjects to ischemic diseases.
authors.affiliation: CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083, Université d'Angers, UFR de Médecine, rue Haute de Reculée, 49045 Angers, France.
authors.forename: Odile
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2587-1366
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dumont
authors.affiliation: CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083, Université d'Angers, UFR de Médecine, rue Haute de Reculée, 49045 Angers, France.
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4994-8305
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kauffenstein
authors.affiliation: CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083, Université d'Angers, UFR de Médecine, rue Haute de Reculée, 49045 Angers, France.
authors.forename: Anne-Laure
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Guihot
authors.affiliation: CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083, Université d'Angers, UFR de Médecine, rue Haute de Reculée, 49045 Angers, France.
authors.forename: Nathalie C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Guérineau
authors.affiliation: CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083, Université d'Angers, UFR de Médecine, rue Haute de Reculée, 49045 Angers, France ; University Hospital Center (CHU) of Angers, rue Larrey, 49000 Angers, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Abraham
authors.affiliation: CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083, Université d'Angers, UFR de Médecine, rue Haute de Reculée, 49045 Angers, France ; University Hospital Center (CHU) of Angers, rue Larrey, 49000 Angers, France.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Loufrani
authors.affiliation: CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083, Université d'Angers, UFR de Médecine, rue Haute de Reculée, 49045 Angers, France ; University Hospital Center (CHU) of Angers, rue Larrey, 49000 Angers, France.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Henrion