title: Heterologous embryo transfer: Magisterial answers and metaphysical questions.
abstract: The debate regarding the morality of heterologous embryo transfer (HET) as a solution for the fate of cryopreserved embryos remains active. This paper endeavors to show that the magisterial instructions on bioethical issues can only lead to the conclusion that HET is always morally illicit. I begin by showing that the text of Dignitas personae recognizes HET as a procedure accomplishing a procreative function, and I indicate that it is through gestation that this procreative function occurs. I further show that the previous Instruction, Donum vitae, implicitly points to an ontological or spiritual consideration at play during gestation. This consideration is likely related to the procreative function identified in Dignitas personae. Finally, I place these two textual arguments in the context of the debate concerning HET and conclude that metaphysical questions must be clarified in order for the immorality of HET to be understood from a suitable anthropological perspective and gain more widespread acceptance.
authors.affiliation: San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Accad
keywords: Bioethics; Dignitas personae; Donum vitae; Gestation; Heterologous embryo transfer; Procreation