title: Implementation of malaria dynamic models in municipality level early warning systems in Colombia. Part I: description of study sites.
abstract: As part of the Integrated National Adaptation Pilot project and the Integrated Surveillance and Control System, the Colombian National Institute of Health is working on the design and implementation of a Malaria Early Warning System framework, supported by seasonal climate forecasting capabilities, weather and environmental monitoring, and malaria statistical and dynamic models. In this report, we provide an overview of the local ecoepidemiologic settings where four malaria process-based mathematical models are currently being implemented at a municipal level. The description includes general characteristics, malaria situation (predominant type of infection, malaria-positive cases data, malaria incidence, and seasonality), entomologic conditions (primary and secondary vectors, mosquito densities, and feeding frequencies), climatic conditions (climatology and long-term trends), key drivers of epidemic outbreaks, and non-climatic factors (populations at risk, control campaigns, and socioeconomic conditions). Selected pilot sites exhibit different ecoepidemiologic settings that must be taken into account in the development of the integrated surveillance and control system.
authors.affiliation: Grupo Investigación en Gestión Ambiental, Escuela de Ingeniería de Antioquia, Envigado, Antioquia, Colombia; International Research Institute for Climate and Society, and Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York; Subdirección de Vigilancia y Control en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia; Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, Antioquia, Colombia; School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom pfcarlos@eia.edu.co.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.affiliation: Grupo Investigación en Gestión Ambiental, Escuela de Ingeniería de Antioquia, Envigado, Antioquia, Colombia; International Research Institute for Climate and Society, and Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York; Subdirección de Vigilancia y Control en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia; Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, Antioquia, Colombia; School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Viviana
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cerón
authors.affiliation: Grupo Investigación en Gestión Ambiental, Escuela de Ingeniería de Antioquia, Envigado, Antioquia, Colombia; International Research Institute for Climate and Society, and Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York; Subdirección de Vigilancia y Control en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia; Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, Antioquia, Colombia; School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Adriana M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Molina
authors.affiliation: Grupo Investigación en Gestión Ambiental, Escuela de Ingeniería de Antioquia, Envigado, Antioquia, Colombia; International Research Institute for Climate and Society, and Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York; Subdirección de Vigilancia y Control en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia; Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, Antioquia, Colombia; School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Martha L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Quiñónes
authors.affiliation: Grupo Investigación en Gestión Ambiental, Escuela de Ingeniería de Antioquia, Envigado, Antioquia, Colombia; International Research Institute for Climate and Society, and Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York; Subdirección de Vigilancia y Control en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia; Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, Antioquia, Colombia; School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Mónica M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Jiménez
authors.affiliation: Grupo Investigación en Gestión Ambiental, Escuela de Ingeniería de Antioquia, Envigado, Antioquia, Colombia; International Research Institute for Climate and Society, and Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York; Subdirección de Vigilancia y Control en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia; Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, Antioquia, Colombia; School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Martha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahumada
authors.affiliation: Grupo Investigación en Gestión Ambiental, Escuela de Ingeniería de Antioquia, Envigado, Antioquia, Colombia; International Research Institute for Climate and Society, and Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York; Subdirección de Vigilancia y Control en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia; Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, Antioquia, Colombia; School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez
authors.affiliation: Grupo Investigación en Gestión Ambiental, Escuela de Ingeniería de Antioquia, Envigado, Antioquia, Colombia; International Research Institute for Climate and Society, and Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York; Subdirección de Vigilancia y Control en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia; Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, Antioquia, Colombia; School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Salua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Osorio
authors.affiliation: Grupo Investigación en Gestión Ambiental, Escuela de Ingeniería de Antioquia, Envigado, Antioquia, Colombia; International Research Institute for Climate and Society, and Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York; Subdirección de Vigilancia y Control en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia; Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, Antioquia, Colombia; School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Gilma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mantilla
authors.affiliation: Grupo Investigación en Gestión Ambiental, Escuela de Ingeniería de Antioquia, Envigado, Antioquia, Colombia; International Research Institute for Climate and Society, and Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York; Subdirección de Vigilancia y Control en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia; Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, Antioquia, Colombia; School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Connor
authors.affiliation: Grupo Investigación en Gestión Ambiental, Escuela de Ingeniería de Antioquia, Envigado, Antioquia, Colombia; International Research Institute for Climate and Society, and Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York; Subdirección de Vigilancia y Control en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia; Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, Antioquia, Colombia; School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Madeleine C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Thomson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000469:parasitology*; D002980:Climate; D003105:Colombia; D003140:Communicable Disease Control; D062665:Epidemiological Monitoring; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000469:parasitology*; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016780:Malaria, Vivax / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015233:Models, Statistical; D011157:Population Dynamics; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors