title: Sleep disturbances and resistant hypertension: association or causality?
abstract: Two main sleep disturbances, namely obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and sleep deprivation, have gained growing interest in the field of hypertension research. This fact is supported not only by evidence that both disturbances are quite common in modern societies but also that OSA and sleep deprivation are associated with several pathways that may contribute to a predisposition to hypertension or even exacerbate blood pressure levels in hypertensive patients. In the present review, we will discuss current evidence supporting a potential role of these sleep disturbances in the resistant hypertension scenario.
authors.affiliation: Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Avenida Dr Eneas Carvalho de Aguiar, 44, 05403-900, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniel Castanho
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Genta-Pereira
authors.forename: Rodrigo P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Pedrosa
authors.forename: Geraldo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lorenzi-Filho
authors.forename: Luciano F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Drager
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012306:Risk; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*