title: [Oxygen glucose deprivation induced glutamate release in primary cultured astrocytes].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) on the glutamate release and the role of connexin 43 (Cx43) hemichannels in the OGD-induced glutamate release in primary cultured astrocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The astrocytes were randomly divided into four groups: normal control, OGD group, Gap26 (Cx43 hemichannel blocker) plus OGD group, Cx43-specific antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASODN) plus OGD group. In the OGD group, the astrocytes were cultured in the oxygen- and glucose-free culture medium (950 mL/L N₂ and 50 mL/L CO₂) for different durations (0, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 minutes) at 37 Degrees Celsius, while the astrocytes in the control group were cultured in the ordinary culture medium. In the Gap26 plus OGD group or Cx43-ASODN plus OGD group, the astrocytes were incubated with Gap26 or Cx43-ASODN before and during the OGD. The extracelluar glutamate level was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  After OGD, the extracelluar glutamte level significantly increased, and reached the maximum (5.00±0.30) nmol/mL at 90 minutes of OGD, which was significantly higher than that of the normal control (2.36±0.15) nmol/mL(P<0.05). After treatment by Cx43-ASODN or Gap26, the increase was inhibited. At 90 minutes of OGD, the extracellular glutamate levels were respectively (4.02±0.18) nmol/mL and (3.93±0.32) nmol/mL. They were signficalty lower than that of the OGD group at the same time (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OGD induced glutamate release through Cx43 hemichannel in primary cultured astrocytes.
authors.affiliation: 118 Hospital of PLA, Wenzhou 325000, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: First Affiliated Hospital, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China.
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: 118 Hospital of PLA, Wenzhou 325000, China.
authors.forename: Huajiang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: 118 Hospital of PLA, Wenzhou 325000, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: 118 Hospital of PLA, Wenzhou 325000, China.
authors.forename: Jianxin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D018031:Connexin 43 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D020319:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense / Q000494:pharmacology; D010100:Oxygen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010455:Peptides; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D018031:Connexin 43; C514423:Gap 26 peptide; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D020319:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense; D010455:Peptides; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005947:Glucose; D010100:Oxygen