title: Bone marrow enriched graft, modified by self-assembly peptide, repairs critically-sized femur defects in goats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study focuses on nanoscale self-assembly peptides (SAP) modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) which provided a more effective osteogenesis and regeneration for critically-sized femur defects in goats using the selective cell retention (SCR) strategy.
  
  
  METHODS
  RADA16-I peptide was used to modify DBM and formed a composite scaffold (SAP/DBM). The morphological change and dynamic expression of osteogenic genes of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from marrow in SAP/DBM was observed. The cells and factors in bone marrow were enriched into SAP/DBM by technology of selective cells retension (SCR). The construct was transplanted into 20-mm femur defects in goats and their osteogenesis was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The SAP/DBM scaffold formed a three-dimensional interweaving nanofiber in pores of DBM. MSCs exhibited better morphology in SAP/DBM than that in only DBM, and the levels of expression of ALP ,OCN and Runx2 gene in SAP/DBM samples was significantly higher than that of DBM at 14 days in vitro (P < 0.05). Compared with marrow-enriched DBM, the volume of newly formed bone from marrow-enriched SAP/DBM is higher in goats (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study may not only have a significant impact on the construction method of tissue engineering but also provide a viable, simple and effective method for clinical bone construction.
authors.affiliation: National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Zhiqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Tianyong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Zhengqi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Xuehui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Junchao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.forename: Moyuan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Jianzhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018775:Bone Demineralization Technique; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000378:metabolism; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry; D005269:Femur / Q000601:surgery; D006041:Goats; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D010455:Peptides; C546681:RADA16-I