title: Antibacterial activity and cytocompatibility of titanium oxide coating modified by iron ion implantation.
abstract: In this work, zero valent iron nanoparticles (Fezero-NPs) and iron oxide nanoparticles (Feox-NPs) were synthesized at the subsurface and surface regions of titanium oxide coatings (TOCs) by plasma immersion ion implantation. This novel Fe-NPs/TOC system showed negligible iron releasing, great electron storage capability and excellent cytocompatibility in vitro. Importantly, the system showed selective antibacterial ability which can kill Staphylococcus aureus under dark conditions but has no obvious antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli. Owing to a bipolar Schottky barrier between Fezero-NPs/TOC and Fezero-NPs/Feox-NPs, electrons could be captured by the Fezero-NPs bounded at the subsurface region of the coating. This electron storage capability of the Fe-NPs/TOC system induced extracellular electron transportation and accumulation of adequate valence-band holes (h(+)) at the external side, which caused oxidation damage to S. aureus cells in the dark. No obvious biocide effect against E. coli resulted from lack of electron transfer ability between E. coli and substrate materials. This work may open up a novel and controlled strategy to design coatings of implants with antibacterial ability and cytocompatibility for medical applications.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yaxin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Huiliang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yuqin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fanhao
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: xyliu@mail.sic.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Xuanyong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000254:growth & development*; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000254:growth & development*; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium; D007501:Iron
keywords: Antibacterial activity; Iron; Nanoparticles; Plasma ion immersion implantation; Titanium dioxide