title: Synthesis of Novel 3,5-Disubstituted-2-oxindole Derivatives As Antitumor Agents against Human Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer.
abstract: This study was aimed at investigating the antitumor activity of novel 2-oxindole derivatives against a well-characterized human nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line. Test compounds produced an antiproliferative activity in the low micromolar/submicromolar range of concentrations and significantly induced typical apoptotic morphology with cell shrinkage, nuclear condensation and fragmentation, and rupture of cells into debris in a relatively low percentage of A549 cells. Cell cycle arrest occurred at the G1/S phase (1a and 2), and Akt phosphorylation was significantly inhibited at Thr308 and Ser473. The most active compound (1a) has an IC50 6-fold lower than the Akt inhibitor, perifosine. These data suggest that the new compounds may be cytostatic and may have maximum clinical effects in NSCLC patients who do not respond to EGFR inhibitors. These findings prompt us to further explore the oxindole structure as leading scaffold to design new molecules with potent antitumor activity against NSCLC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa , Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nesi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa , Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy ; Queen Mary University of London, Barts, and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Blizard Institute, Centre for Diabetes, Inositide Signalling Group , London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sestito
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa , 56126 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mey
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa , 56126 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ricciardi
authors.affiliation: Queen Mary University of London, Barts, and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Blizard Institute, Centre for Diabetes, Inositide Signalling Group , London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Falasca
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa , 56126 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Romano
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Danesi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa , Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Annalina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lapucci
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa , Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Breschi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa , Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fogli
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa , Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rapposelli
keywords: Antiproliferative activity; PDK1/Akt inhibitors; cell cycle; nonsmall cell lung cancer; oxindole