title: Motor abilities and anthropometrics in youth cross-country skiing.
abstract: The purposes were to validate whether general motor abilities and anthropometrics are determinants of youth cross-country (XC) skiing performance; evaluate gender-specific differences; and to establish noninvasive diagnostics. Fifty-one youth XC skiers (34 boys; 13.8 ± 0.6 years and 17 girls; 13.4 ± 0.9 years) performed motor skill and laboratory tests, and anthropometric data were collected and correlated with XC skiing performance. Anthropometrics and maturity status were related to boys but not to girls XC skiing performance. Push-ups and 20-m sprint were correlated to XC skiing performance in both boys and girls. XC skiing performance of boys was predominantly influenced by upper body and trunk strength capacities (medicine ball throw, push-ups, and pull-ups) and jumping power (standing long and triple jump), whereas XC skiing of girls was mainly influenced by aerobic capacities (3000-m run). Laboratory measures did not reveal greater correlations to XC skiing performance compared with simple test concepts of speed, strength, and endurance. Maturity was a major confounding variable in boys but not girls. Use of noninvasive simple test concepts for determination of upper body strength, speed, and endurance represent practicable support for ski clubs, schools, or skiing federations in the guidance and evaluation of young talent, being aware of the effect of maturity especially in boys.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; University of Education Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Nordic Ski Middle School Saalfelden, Salzburg, Austria.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stöggl
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stöggl
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D041923:Adolescent Development; D000886:Anthropometry; D001827:Body Height; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology*; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*; D012737:Sex Factors; D012865:Skiing / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Adolescents; diagnostics; jumping tests; motor performance; motor skills tests; motor variables; upper body tests; validity