title: Role of magnesium in cardiovascular diseases.
abstract: Magnesium, the fourth most abundant cation in the human body, is involved in several essential physiological, biochemical, and cellular processes regulating cardiovascular function. It plays a critical role in modulating vascular smooth muscle tone, endothelial cell function, and myocardial excitability and is thus central to the pathogenesis of several cardiovascular disorders such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, and cardiac arrhythmias. This review discusses the vasodilatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-ischemic, and antiarrhythmic properties of magnesium and its current role in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disorders.
authors.affiliation: From the *Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY; †Scottsdale Healthcare, Scottsdale Cardiovascular Center, Scottsdale, AZ; and ‡Department of Medicine & Pharmacology, Division of Nephrology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA.
authors.forename: Dhaval
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kolte
authors.forename: Krishnaswami
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vijayaraghavan
authors.forename: Sahil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khera
authors.forename: Domenic A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Sica
authors.forename: William H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Frishman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000188:drug therapy; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000502:physiology; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008274:Magnesium / Q000502:physiology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008275:Magnesium Deficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D008274:Magnesium