title: Acute and sub-chronic toxicity of aqueous extracts of Chenopodium ambrosioides leaves in rats.
abstract: The present study aimed to evaluate the toxicity of aqueous extract of Chenopodium ambrosioides leaves. To measure acute toxicity, rats were administered 0, 0.3, 1.0, or 3.0 g/kg of aqueous extract from C. ambrosioides leaves by gavage. To analyze sub-chronic toxicity, rats were treated by oral gavage for 15 consecutive days with 0, 0.3, or 1.0 g/kg of extract of C. ambrosioides leaves. No animals from either trial exhibited any signs of toxicity. In the acute study, the highest dose of the extract led to an increase in the serum activities of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) and a decrease in the serum levels of urea. In the sub-chronic test, rats treated with 1.0 g/kg for 15 days exhibited increased serum ALT activity and creatinine levels and mild cytoplasmic vacuolation of hepatocytes. The results indicate that aqueous extract from C. ambrosioides leaves produce slight hepatotoxic lesions in rats.
authors.affiliation: 1 Secretariat of Public Health , Jardim do Seridó, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil .
authors.forename: Marcel Gianni C
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Raimundo Neilson L
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Amorim
authors.forename: Carlos C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Câmara
authors.forename: José Domingues
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Fontenele Neto
authors.forename: Benito
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Soto-Blanco
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D027464:Chenopodium ambrosioides / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018515:Plant Leaves; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014508:Urea / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D014508:Urea; D003404:Creatinine; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase
keywords: Chenopodiaceae; Chenopodium ambrosioides; medicinal plant; nematicide; toxicity