title: Playing and listening to tailor-made notched music: cortical plasticity induced by unimodal and multimodal training in tinnitus patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND. The generation and maintenance of tinnitus are assumed to be based on maladaptive functional cortical reorganization. Listening to modified music, which contains no energy in the range of the individual tinnitus frequency, can inhibit the corresponding neuronal activity in the auditory cortex. Music making has been shown to be a powerful stimulator for brain plasticity, inducing changes in multiple sensory systems. Using magnetoencephalographic (MEG) and behavioral measurements we evaluated the cortical plasticity effects of two months of (a) active listening to (unisensory) versus (b) learning to play (multisensory) tailor-made notched music in nonmusician tinnitus patients. Taking into account the fact that uni- and multisensory trainings induce different patterns of cortical plasticity we hypothesized that these two protocols will have different affects. RESULTS. Only the active listening (unisensory) group showed significant reduction of tinnitus related activity of the middle temporal cortex and an increase in the activity of a tinnitus-coping related posterior parietal area. CONCLUSIONS. These findings indicate that active listening to tailor-made notched music induces greater neuroplastic changes in the maladaptively reorganized cortical network of tinnitus patients while additional integration of other sensory modalities during training reduces these neuroplastic effects.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, University of Münster, Malmedyweg 15, 48149 Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Janna
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7858-2288
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pape
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, University of Münster, Malmedyweg 15, 48149 Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Evangelos
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4063-4182
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Paraskevopoulos
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, University of Münster, Malmedyweg 15, 48149 Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Maximilian
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8897-1252
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bruchmann
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, University of Münster, Malmedyweg 15, 48149 Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4849-9838
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wollbrink
authors.affiliation: ENT Department, University Clinic Münster, University of Münster, Kardinal-von-Galen Ring 10, 48149 Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rudack
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, University of Münster, Malmedyweg 15, 48149 Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Christo
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3347-8812
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pantev
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005260:Female; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D015225:Magnetoencephalography; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009146:Music / Q000523:psychology*; D009147:Music Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology; D010898:Pitch Perception / Q000502:physiology; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology; D014012:Tinnitus / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult