title: Parvovirus particles and movement in the cellular cytoplasm and effects of the cytoskeleton.
abstract: Cell infection by parvoviruses requires that capsids be delivered from outside the cell to the cytoplasm, followed by genome trafficking to the nucleus. Here we microinject capsids into cells that lack receptors and followed their movements within the cell over time. In general the capsids remained close to the positions where they were injected, and most particles did not move to the vicinity of or enter the nucleus. When 70 kDa-dextran was injected along with the capsids that did not enter the nucleus in significant amounts. Capsids conjugated to peptides containing the SV40 large T-antigen nuclear localization signal remained in the cytoplasm, although bovine serum albumen conjugated to the same peptide entered the nucleus rapidly. No effects of disruption of microfilaments, intermediate filaments, or microtubules on the distribution of the capsids were observed. These results suggest that movement of intact capsids within cells is primarily associated with passive processes.
authors.affiliation: Baker Institute for Animal Health, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States.
authors.forename: Sangbom Michael
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lyi
authors.affiliation: Baker Institute for Animal Health, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States. Electronic address: tanmja@gis.a-star.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Min Jie Alvin
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Baker Institute for Animal Health, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States. Electronic address: crp3@cornell.edu.
authors.forename: Colin R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Parrish
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000821:virology*; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D017992:Parvovirus / Q000502:physiology*; D053586:Virus Internalization
keywords: Capsid; Cytoplasm; Cytoskeleton; Nuclear transport; Parvovirus; Trafficking