title: Complement fixing polysaccharides from Terminalia macroptera root bark, stem bark and leaves.
abstract: The root bark, stem bark and leaves of Terminalia macroptera were sequentially extracted with ethanol, 50% ethanol-water, and 50 °C and 100 °C water using an accelerated solvent extractor. Ten bioactive purified polysaccharide fractions were obtained from those crude extracts after anion exchange chromatography and gel filtration. The polysaccharides and their native extracts were characterized with respect to molecular weight, chemical compositions and effects in the complement assay. The chemical compositions showed that the polysaccharides are of pectic nature. The results indicated that there was no great difference of the complement fixation activities in the crude extracts from the different plant parts when extracting with the accelerated solvent extraction system. The purified polysaccharide fractions 100WTSBH-I-I and 100WTRBH-I-I isolated from the 100 °C water extracts of stem and root bark respectively, showed the highest complement fixation activities. These two fractions have rhamnogalacturonan type I backbone, but only 100WTSBH-I-I contains side chains of both arabinogalactan type I and II. Based on the yield and activities of the fractions studied those from the root bark gave highest results, followed by those from leaves and stem bark. But in total, all plant materials are good sources for fractions containing bioactive polysaccharides.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway. yuanfeng.zou@farmasi.uio.no.
authors.forename: Yuan-Feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Bing-Zhao
authors.initials: BZ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Hilde
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Barsett
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Kari Tvete
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Inngjerdingen
authors.affiliation: Department of Traditional Medicine, BP 1746, Bamako, Mali.
authors.forename: Drissa
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Diallo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Terje Einar
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Michaelsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Berit Smestad
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Paulsen
mesh_terms: D010368:Pectins / Q000737:chemistry; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry*; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry*; D029766:Terminalia / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D011134:Polysaccharides; C042491:rhamnogalacturonan I; C042492:rhamnogalacturonan II; D010368:Pectins