title: Expression patterns of glucose transporter-1 gene and thyroid specific genes in human papillary thyroid carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The expression of glucose transporter-1 (Glut-1) gene and those of major thyroid-specific genes were examined in papillary carcinoma tissues, and the expressions of these genes were compared with cancer differentiation grades.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four human papillary carcinoma tissues were included in this study. The expressions of Glut-1- and thyroid-specific genes [sodium/iodide symporter (NIS), thyroid peroxidase, thyroglobulin, TSH receptor and pendrin] were analyzed by RT-PCR. Expression levels were expressed as ratios versus the expression of beta-actin. Pathologic differentiation of papillary carcinoma was classified into a relatively well-differentiated group (n = 13) and relatively less differentiated group (n = 11).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Glut-1 gene expression was significantly higher in the less differentiated group (0.66 ± 0.04) than in the well-differentiated group (0.59 ± 0.07). The expression levels of the NIS, PD and TG genes were significantly higher in the well-differentiated group (NIS: 0.67 ± 0.20, PD: 0.65 ± 0.21, TG: 0.74 ± 0.16) than in the less differentiated group (NIS: 0.36 ± 0.05, PD: 0.49 ± 0.08, TG: 0.60 ± 0.11), respectively. A significant negative correlation was found between Glut-1 and NIS expression, and positive correlations were found between NIS and TG, and between NIS and PD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The NIS, PD and TG genes were highly expressed in well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas, whereas the Glut-1 gene was highly expressed in less differentiated thyroid carcinomas. These findings provide a molecular rationale for the management of papillary carcinoma, especially in the selection of FDG PET or radioiodine whole-body scan and I-131-based therapy.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ; Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sungeun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ; Tumor Immunity Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 28 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu Seoul, 110-744 Korea.
authors.forename: June-Key
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hae-Sook
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Min
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ; Tumor Immunity Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Joo-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Do Joon
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Soo
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Hwae
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Bo Youn
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sinae
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Myung Chul
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Lee
keywords: Glucose transporter-1; Papillary thyroid cancer; Pendrin; Sodium/iodide symporter; TSH receptor; Thyroglobulin; Thyroid peroxidase