title: Trends in incidence of type 1 diabetes among non-Hispanic white youth in the U.S., 2002-2009.
abstract: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study prospectively identified youth aged <20 years with physician-diagnosed diabetes. Annual type 1 diabetes (T1D) incidence per 100,000 person-years (95% CI) overall, by age-group, and by sex were calculated for at-risk non-Hispanic white (NHW) youth from 2002 through 2009. Joinpoint and Poisson regression models were used to test for temporal trends. The age- and sex-adjusted incidence of T1D increased from 24.4/100,000 (95% CI 23.9-24.8) in 2002 to 27.4/100,000 (26.9-27.9) in 2009 (P for trend = 0.0008). The relative annual increase in T1D incidence was 2.72% (1.18-4.28) per year; 2.84% (1.12-4.58) per year for males and 2.57% (0.68-4.51) per year for females. After adjustment for sex, significant increases were found for youth aged 5-9 years (P = 0.0023), 10-14 years (P = 0.0008), and 15-19 years (P = 0.004) but not among 0-4-year-olds (P = 0.1862). Mean age at diagnosis did not change. The SEARCH study demonstrated a significant increase in the incidence of T1D among NHW youth from 2002 through 2009 overall and in all but the youngest age-group. Continued surveillance of T1D in U.S. youth to identify future trends in T1D incidence and to plan for health care delivery is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA jean.m.lawrence@kp.org.
authors.forename: Jean M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lawrence
authors.affiliation: Division of Diabetes Translation, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
authors.forename: Giuseppina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Imperatore
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO.
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dabelea
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.
authors.forename: Elizabeth J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Mayer-Davis
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Linder
authors.affiliation: Division of Diabetes Translation, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, MD.
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saydah
authors.affiliation: Barbara Davis Center, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, CO.
authors.forename: Georgeanna J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Klingensmith
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH.
authors.forename: Lawrence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dolan
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH.
authors.forename: Debra A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Standiford
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pihoker
authors.affiliation: Sansum Diabetes Research Institute, Santa Barbara, CA.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Pettitt
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.
authors.forename: Jennifer W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Talton
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.
authors.forename: Ronny A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.
authors.forename: Ralph B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: D'Agostino
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult