title: Pro-resolving lipid mediators are leads for resolution physiology.
abstract: Advances in our understanding of the mechanisms that bring about the resolution of acute inflammation have uncovered a new genus of pro-resolving lipid mediators that include the lipoxin, resolvin, protectin and maresin families, collectively called specialized pro-resolving mediators. Synthetic versions of these mediators have potent bioactions when administered in vivo. In animal experiments, the mediators evoke anti-inflammatory and novel pro-resolving mechanisms, and enhance microbial clearance. Although they have been identified in inflammation resolution, specialized pro-resolving mediators are conserved structures that also function in host defence, pain, organ protection and tissue remodelling. This Review covers the mechanisms of specialized pro-resolving mediators and omega-3 essential fatty acid pathways that could help us to understand their physiological functions.
authors.affiliation: Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Charles N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Serhan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007109:Immunity; D007239:Infections / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008954:Models, Biological; D010146:Pain / Q000378:metabolism; D012038:Regeneration; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: C535211:7,14-dihydroxydocosa-4,8,10,12,16,19-hexaenoic acid; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; C583088:resolvin D3; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids