title: [The decline in lung function is associated with a decrease in the number of BTLA⁺ lymphocytes and regulatory T cells in patients with rheumatism].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationships between B, T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA), regulatory T (Treg) cells and reduced lung function of patients with rheumatism.
  
  
  METHODS
  The lung function of 482 patients of rheumatism, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA, 198 cases), ankylosing spondylitis (AS, 114 cases), Sjogren's syndrome (SS, 102 cases) and osteoarthritis (OA, 68 cases), were detected by spirometer. BTLA and Treg cells of peripheral blood in 482 patients with rheumatic diseases were observed using flow cytometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lung function and the expressions of BTLA and Treg cells were lower in patients with rheumatism than those in normal controls. Lung function parameters, such as forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory flow at 50% of forced vital capacity (FEF50), forced expiratory flow at 75% of forced vital capacity (FEF75), were higher in the rheumatism group with normal BTLA and Treg cells than those in the group with abnormal BTLA and Treg cells (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Correlation analysis showed that there were positive correlations between lung function parameters orced vital capacity(FVC), maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV), FEV1, forced expiratory flow at 25% of forced vital capacity (FEF25), FEF50 and BTLA, Tregs. There were negative correlations between lung function parameters FVC, FEV1, FEF50, FEF75 and IL-4, IgA, IgM (P<0.05 or P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The decline in lung function of patients with rheumatism is related to down-regulation of BTLA, Tregs and excessively abnormal activation of T and B cells.
authors.affiliation: First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Integrative Medicine Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230000, China.
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Integrative Medicine Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230000, China.
authors.forename: Yunxia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China.
authors.forename: Chuanbing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D053699:Interleukin-7 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D012216:Rheumatic Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D014797:Vital Capacity; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C482586:BTLA protein, human; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D053699:Interleukin-7 Receptor alpha Subunit; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D015847:Interleukin-4