title: Use of a fast-track surgery protocol on patients undergoing minimally invasive oesophagectomy: preliminary results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a fast-track surgery (FTS) protocol on patients undergoing minimally invasive oesophagectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively analysed the clinical data of 80 eligible patients who underwent elective minimally invasive oesophagectomy in our department from January 2012 to April 2013 by the same surgical team. Two groups of these patients were compared. The control group comprised patients treated with traditional methods. Clinical parameters were compared. The study group was formed by patients treated with the fast-track concept, such as (i) a semi-liquid meal was administered up to 6 h before surgery and the patients were made to drink 200 ml of 10% glucose solution 3 h before surgery; (ii) no nasogastric tube, no abdominal drainage tube and no draining sinus in the neck; (iii) the chest tube and catheter were removed as early as possible; (iv) prevention of hypothermia therapy; (v) an attempt at bedside rehabilitation on postoperative day (POD) 2; and (vi) early postoperative enteral nutrition, restrictive intravenous fluids intraoperatively and postoperatively, and oral feeding initiated 48 h after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences between the two groups with regard to age, sex, pathologic tumor-node-metastasis stage, tumour location, pathology, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, preoperative albumin level, 30-day readmission or complications (P >0.05). Compared with the conventional group, the FTS group had earlier first flatus [(3 (3-4) vs 6 (6-7) days], less fluid transfusion [2.1 (2.06-2.2) vs 2.8 (2.7-2.9) l] and shorter postoperative hospital stay [7 (6-9) days vs 12 (10-16.5) days] (P <0.05). There was no difference between the two groups with regard to vomiting, but patients in the conventional group suffered from/experienced pharyngitis considerably more than the FTS group (P <0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FTS on patients with oesophageal cancer receiving minimally invasive oesophagectomy is safe, feasible and efficient, and can accelerate postoperative rehabilitation. Compared with the conventional protocol, its advantages were limited to short-term follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, 1st Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Huaguang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, 1st Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, 1st Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Zaicheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, 1st Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Renquan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, 1st Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, 1st Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China aygejianjun@Gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jianjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ge
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002681:China; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016629:Esophagectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D019990:Perioperative Care; D010612:Pharyngitis / Q000209:etiology; D020250:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / Q000209:etiology; D015397:Program Evaluation; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Minimally invasive and oesophagectomy; Oesophageal neoplasms; Outcome assessment; Perioperative period; Postoperative care; Surgical procedures