title: Different cellular responses of dexmedetomidine at infected site and peripheral blood of emdotoxemic BALB/c mice.
abstract: Various sedative agents, including dexmedetomidine (dex), induce immunosuppression, and enhance infection progression. However, there was no information on how anesthetic affects local and systemic cellular immune function. We conducted this study to examine the impact of dex on the differentiation and function of immune cells at site of inflammation and in peripheral blood during endotoxemia of mice. In BALB/c mice with and without endotoxemia, we evaluated the influence of two dosages of 5 and 50 mcg/kg/h intravenous dex on immune cells: including number of T cells (CD3), B cells (CD19), natural killer cells (CD8a), monocytes (CD11b), and macrophages (Mac-3) in peripheral blood, the activities of macrophages in peripheral blood and in peritoneal lavage, and proliferation of B and T cells and of natural killer cells activity in the spleen. Endotoxemia increased the number of CD3 T cells, CD 19 B cells and macrophages in the peripheral blood, augmented macrophage activity in the peritoneum, and increased T cell proliferation and natural killer cell activity in the spleen. Further administration of 5 mcg/kg/h dex attenuated systemic increase in number of T cells, B cells, and macrophages during endotoxemia and 50 mcg/kg/h dex significantly attenuated the increase in activity of macrophages in the peripheral blood during endotoxemia. In the peritoneum, however, 5 mcg/kg/h dex preserved and 50 mcg/kg/h dexmedetomidine enhanced the activity of macrophages during endotoxemia. Increased in proliferation of T cells in spleen during endotoxemia was attenuated by both doses of dex. Last, 50 mcg/kg/h dex enhanced natural killer cells activity during endotoxemia. While preserving the effects of endotoxemia on macrophage's activity in the infection site and natural killer cell's activity in the spleen, dex decreased systemic fulminant immune reaction in endotoxemia, by attenuating the augmented response in the number of T cells, B cells and macrophages, activity of macrophages in the peripheral blood, and proliferation of T cells in spleen during endotoxemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Rick Sai-Chuen
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, E-da Hospital / I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: King-Chuen
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chiu-Chen
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yi-Ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chia-Chen
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ching-Lung
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chin-Nan
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.|Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jing-Gung
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D020927:Dexmedetomidine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000378:metabolism; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D020927:Dexmedetomidine
keywords: BALB/c mice; dexmedetomidine; endotoxemia; immunomodulation