title: Wild bird surveillance for avian influenza virus.
abstract: Avian influenza (AI) viruses have been isolated from a wide-diversity of free-living avian species representing several taxonomic orders. Isolations are most frequently reported from aquatic birds in the Orders Anseriformes and Charadriiformes, which are believed to be the primordial reservoirs for all AI viruses. Since first recognized in the late 1800s, AI viruses have been an important agent of disease in poultry and, occasionally, of non-gallinaceous birds and mammals. However, recent infections of humans with AI viruses, including highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus and low pathogenicity H7N9 AI virus in China during 2013, have increased the awareness of their potential to impact agricultural, wildlife, and public health. This chapter is intended to give general concepts and guidelines for planning and implementing surveillance programs for AI virus in wild birds.
authors.affiliation: Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Georgia, Wildlife Health Building, 589 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA, 30602-7393, USA, jubrown1@uga.edu.
authors.forename: Justin D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Poulson
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Stallknecht
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001717:Birds / Q000097:blood / Q000821:virology*; D002988:Cloaca / Q000821:virology; D004777:Environment; D062665:Epidemiological Monitoring / Q000662:veterinary*; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009960:Oropharynx / Q000821:virology; D013048:Specimen Handling