title: Dose-dependent uptake of 3'-deoxy-3'-[(18) F]fluorothymidine by the bowel after total-body irradiation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to non-invasively assess early, irradiation-induced normal tissue alterations via metabolic imaging with 3'-deoxy-3'-[(18) F]fluorothymidine ([(18) F]FLT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-nine male C57BL/6 mice were investigated by [(18) F]FLT positron emission tomography for 7 days after total body irradiation (1, 4, and 8 Gy) versus 'sham' irradiation (0 Gy). Target/background ratios were determined. The imaging results were validated by histology and immunohistochemistry (Thymidine kinase 1, Ki-67).
  
  
  RESULTS
  [(18) F]FLT demonstrated a dose-dependent intestinal accumulation post irradiation. Mean target/background ratio (±standard error) 0 Gy: 1.4 (0.2), 1 Gy: 1.7 (0.1), 4 Gy: 3.1 (0.3), 8 Gy: 4.2 (0.6). Receiver operating characteristic analysis (area under the curve, p value): 0 vs. 1 Gy: 0.81, 0.049; 0 vs. 4 Gy: 1.0, 0.0016; and 0 vs. 8 Gy: 1.0, 0.0020. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  [(18) F]FLT seems to provide dose-dependent information on radiation-induced proliferation in the bowel. This opens the perspective for monitoring therapy-related side-effects as well as assessing, e.g., radiation accident victims.
authors.affiliation: Armed Forces Hospital, Oberer Eselsberg 40, 89081, Ulm, Germany, markus.hartenbach@me.com.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hartenbach
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Delker
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hartenbach
authors.forename: Juli
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schlichtiger
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Niedermoser
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wängler
authors.forename: Björn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wängler
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Böning
authors.forename: Franz Josef
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Gildehaus
authors.forename: Klement
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Neumaier
authors.forename: Kirsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lauber
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kraft
authors.forename: Claus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Belka
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hacker
authors.forename: Viktor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Meineke
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bartenstein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015224:Dideoxynucleosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007420:Intestine, Large / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D015224:Dideoxynucleosides; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; C002854:alovudine