title: Surface engineering of titanium alloy substrates with multilayered biomimetic hierarchical films to regulate the growth behaviors of osteoblasts.
abstract: Osseointegration is essential for the long-term survival of orthopedic implants. Inspired by the hierarchical structure of natural bone, we fabricated a hierarchical structure with osteoinduction potential on titanium alloy (Ti6Al7Nb) substrates via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer assembly technique, with hydroxyapatite nanofibers as the intercalated materials and gelatin and chitosan as the polycation and polyanion, respectively. The as-synthesized hydroxyapatite nanofibers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The change of water contact angle corresponding to different layers indicated the formation of a multilayered structure, since different components have their inherent wettability natures. The multilayered lamellar structure was revealed by the cross-sectional view of SEM, suggesting that the film was successfully deposited onto Ti6Al7Nb substrates. Osteoblasts cultured on the hierarchical structure deposited Ti alloy substrates displayed significantly higher cell viability (P<0.01) and better adhesion, a higher production level of alkaline phosphatase, mineralization, genes expressions of osteocalcin and osteopontin (P<0.01 or P<0.05) compared to those of native Ti6Al7Nb substrates after culture for 4, 7 or 14days. These results indicated that the lamellar structure was beneficial for the biological functions of osteoblasts, establishing the basis for osseointegration of a titanium alloy implant.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Weihu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xingfeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xi
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Si
authors.affiliation: College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jiangfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: kaiyong_cai@cqu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Kaiyong
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005780:Gelatin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry*; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000187:drug effects; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D008567:Membranes, Artificial; C070282:Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy; D005780:Gelatin; D048271:Chitosan; D017886:Durapatite; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Growth behaviors; Hierarchical structure; Osteoblasts; Spin-assisted layer-by-layer assembly; Ti6Al7Nb