title: Effect of the combination of metformin hydrochloride and melatonin on oxidative stress before and during pregnancy, and biochemical and histopathological analysis of the livers of rats after treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of a combination of metformin hydrochloride and melatonin on oxidative stress together with a biochemical and histopathological analysis of the livers of Wistar rats induced with PCOS. The results indicated that a combination of the drugs was more effective in the reduction of plasmatic levels of liver enzyme alanine aminotransferase, nitric oxide and total glutathione, and decreased the inflammatory response and histopathological damage, producing results that were significantly similar to animals from the control group. A mixture of the drugs produced more effective results against liver toxicity caused by PCOS, encouraging the normalization of biochemical parameters. During pregnancy, there was reduced oxidative stress compared to monotherapeutic use of these drugs. Interestingly, the combination of the drugs caused a physiological reaction similar to responses identified in healthy rats without induction of the PCOS control group. However, the clinical and physiological effectiveness of the combination should be further explored, especially with respect to the possible side effects on offspring.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil; Unit of Medical and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Janaina Jeanine M
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Lemos
authors.affiliation: Centro de Pesquisa Aggeu Magalhães-Fiocruz Recife, Brazil.
authors.forename: Christina A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Peixoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alvaro Aguiar C
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.affiliation: Centro de Pesquisa Aggeu Magalhães-Fiocruz Recife, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rayana Leal A
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Luna
authors.affiliation: Centro de Pesquisa Aggeu Magalhães-Fiocruz Recife, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sura Wanessa S
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
authors.forename: Hilda Michelly P
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Centro de Pesquisa Aggeu Magalhães-Fiocruz Recife, Brazil.
authors.forename: Amanda Karolina S
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Centro de Pesquisa Aggeu Magalhães-Fiocruz Recife, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Karolina S
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil. Electronic address: valeria@dmfa.ufrpe.br.
authors.forename: Valéria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Wanderley-Teixeira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008550:Melatonin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008687:Metformin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008687:Metformin; D008550:Melatonin
keywords: Liver; Melatonin; Metformin hydrochloride; Polycystic ovary syndrome; Pregnancy; Rats