title: Modification of body composition and metabolism during oral contraceptives containing non-androgenic progestins in association with estradiol or ethinyl estradiol.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the influence on metabolism and body composition of two oral contraceptives containing non-androgenic progestins in association with estradiol or ethinyl estradiol (EE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Women on hormonal contraception with estradiol valerate (E2V)/dienogest (DNG) in a quadriphasic regimen (n = 16) or 30 μg EE/2 mg chlormadinone acetate (CMA) (n = 16) in a monophasic regimen were evaluated at the third cycle for modifications in lipoproteins, apoproteins and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and at the sixth cycle for body composition and the markers of bone turnover osteocalcin and C-telopeptide X.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During E2V/DNG lipoprotein, apoproteins and HOMA-IR remained stable. During EE/CMA, total-cholesterol (p = 0.003), high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (p = 0.001), triglycerides (p = 0.003) Apoprotein-A1 (Apo-A1; p = 0.001) and Apo B (p = 0.04) increased, low-density lipoprotein/HDL (p = 0.039) decreased and total-cholesterol/HDL and Apoprotein-B/Apo-A1 ratio did not vary. HOMA-IR slightly increased from 1.33 ± 0.87 to 1.95 ± 0.88 (p = 0.005). There was a reduction of markers of bone metabolism in both groups with no modification of body composition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Administration of E2V/DNG does not influence lipid and glucose metabolism, while mixed effect are exerted by EE/CMA. Both preparations reduce bone metabolism without influencing short-term effect on body composition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Azienda Policlinico of Modena , Modena , Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Grandi
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Piacenti
authors.forename: Annibale
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Volpe
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cagnacci
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects*; D002715:Chlormadinone Acetate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003277:Contraceptives, Oral, Combined / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008660:Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D009277:Nandrolone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D003277:Contraceptives, Oral, Combined; D002715:Chlormadinone Acetate; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol; C023635:dienogest; D004958:Estradiol; D009277:Nandrolone
keywords: Bone; chlormadinone acetate; dienogest; estradiol; hormonal contraception; insulin; lipids