title: Generation of mice carrying a knockout-first and conditional-ready allele of transforming growth factor beta2 gene.
abstract: Transforming growth factor beta2 (TGFβ2) is a multifunctional protein which is expressed in several embryonic and adult organs. TGFB2 mutations can cause Loeys Dietz syndrome, and its dysregulation is involved in cardiovascular, skeletal, ocular, and neuromuscular diseases, osteoarthritis, tissue fibrosis, and various forms of cancer. TGFβ2 is involved in cell growth, apoptosis, cell migration, cell differentiation, cell-matrix remodeling, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and wound healing in a highly context-dependent and tissue-specific manner. Tgfb2(-/-) mice die perinatally from congenital heart disease, precluding functional studies in adults. Here, we have generated mice harboring Tgfb2(βgeo) (knockout-first lacZ-tagged insertion) gene-trap allele and Tgfb2(flox) conditional allele. Tgfb2(βgeo/βgeo) or Tgfb2(βgeo/-) mice died at perinatal stage from the same congenital heart defects as Tgfb2(-/-) mice. β-galactosidase staining successfully detected Tgfb2 expression in the heterozygous Tgfb2(βgeo) fetal tissue sections. Tgfb2(flox) mice were produced by crossing the Tgfb2(+/βgeo) mice with the FLPeR mice. Tgfb2(flox/-) mice were viable. Tgfb2 conditional knockout (Tgfb2(cko/-) ) fetuses were generated by crossing of Tgfb2(flox/-) mice with Tgfb2(+/-) ; EIIaCre mice. Systemic Tgfb2(cko/-) embryos developed cardiac defects which resembled the Tgfb2(βgeo/βgeo) , Tgfb2(βgeo/-) , and Tgfb2(-/-) fetuses. In conclusion, Tgfb2(βgeo) and Tgfb2(flox) mice are novel mouse strains which will be useful for investigating the tissue specific expression and function of TGFβ2 in embryonic development, adult organs, and disease pathogenesis and cancer. genesis
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Program in Developmental Biology and Neonatal Medicine, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Ishtiaq Ahmed
authors.forename: Gracelyn C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Bose
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Mohamad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Azhar
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000196:embryology* / Q000254:growth & development; D006579:Heterozygote; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009154:Mutation; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001616:beta-Galactosidase
chemical_list: C509042:Tgfb2 protein, mouse; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2; D001616:beta-Galactosidase
keywords: Loeys Dietz syndrome; blood; cancer; cardiovascular; craniofacial; epithelial mesenchymal transition; eye; fibrosis; lung; neurological; transforming growth factor beta; vascular; wound healing