title: Riparoside B and timosaponin J, two steroidal glycosides from Smilax riparia, resist to hyperuricemia based on URAT1 in hyperuricemic mice.
abstract: The roots and rhizomes of Smilax riparia (SR), called "Niu-Wei-Cai" in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), are believed to be effective in treating gout symptoms. However, it is not clear if the active constituents and uricosuric mechanisms of S. riparia support its therapeutic activities. In this study, we isolated two steroidal glycosides named riparoside B and timosaponin J from the total saponins of S. riparia. We then examined if these two compounds were effective in reducing serum uric acid levels in a hyperuricemic mouse model induced by potassium oxonate. We found that the two steroidal glycosides possess potent uricosuric effect in hyperuricemic mice through decreasing renal mURAT1 mainly and inhibiting XOD activity in a certain extent, which contribute to the enhancement of uric acid excretion and attenuate hyperuricemia-induced renal dysfunction. Riparoside B and timosaponin J may have a clinical utility in treating gout and other medical conditions caused by hyperuricemia.
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical, Therapeutics and Diagnostics, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. Electronic address: xwu@dacc.uchicago.edu.
authors.forename: Xiao-Hui
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical, Therapeutics and Diagnostics, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical, Therapeutics and Diagnostics, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors.forename: Shu-Qing
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical, Therapeutics and Diagnostics, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors.forename: Victor C
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
authors.forename: Samantha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical, Therapeutics and Diagnostics, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China. Electronic address: zhangyanwen@tijmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yan-Wen
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006027:Glycosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D027361:Organic Anion Transporters / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D027343:Rhizome / Q000737:chemistry; D012503:Saponins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D032281:Smilax / Q000737:chemistry*; D013256:Steroids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood; D014528:Uricosuric Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D006027:Glycosides; D027361:Organic Anion Transporters; D010840:Phytosterols; D012503:Saponins; C109687:Slc22a12 protein, mouse; D013256:Steroids; D014528:Uricosuric Agents; C516238:riparoside B; C000596936:timosaponin J; D014527:Uric Acid
keywords: Hyperuricemia; Riparoside B; Smilax riparia; Steroidal glycosides; Timosaponin J; URAT1