title: Early postpartum breast-feeding outcomes and breast-feeding self-efficacy in Turkish mothers undergoing vaginal birth or cesarean birth with different types of anesthesia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the breast-feeding outcomes and breast-feeding self-efficacy, in the first 24 postpartum hours, of mothers who underwent vaginal birth, cesarean birth with epidural anesthesia, and cesarean birth with general anesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  A comparative study was conducted in Turkey. A total of 334 mothers participated. Data were evaluated through descriptive data form, breast-feeding outcomes form, and the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was observed that the mothers who had cesarean birth with general anesthesia experienced more breast-feeding problems. With regard to breast-feeding self-efficacy, all the groups were similar.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For reducing breast-feeding problems, nurses should provide more care and support to mothers undergoing cesarean birth. Therefore, the fact that the breast-feeding self-efficacy was similar among the groups might be related to culture.
authors.affiliation: Obstetric and Gynecologic Nursing Department, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Nursing, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Merlinda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alus Tokat
authors.forename: Pinar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Serçekuş
authors.forename: Kerziban
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yenal
authors.forename: Hülya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okumuş
mesh_terms: D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D001942:Breast Feeding; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D049590:Postpartum Period; D011247:Pregnancy; D020377:Self Efficacy; D014421:Turkey
keywords: Breast-feeding; nursing care; type of birth