title: A similar correction mechanism in slow and fluent readers after suboptimal landing positions.
abstract: The present eye movements study investigated the optimal viewing position (OVP) and inverted-optimal viewing position (I-OVP) effects in slow readers. The basis of these effects is a phenomenon called corrective re-fixations, which describes a short saccade from a suboptimal landing position (word beginning or end) to the center of the word. The present study found corrective re-fixations in slow readers, which was evident from the I-OVP effects in first fixation durations, the OVP effect in number of fixations and the OVP effect in re-fixation probability. The main result is that slow readers, despite being characterized by a fragmented eye movement pattern during reading, nevertheless share an intact mechanism for performing corrective re-fixations. This correction mechanism is not linked to linguistic processing, but to visual and oculomotor processes, which suggests the integrity of oculomotor and visual processes in slow readers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Centre for Neurocognitive Research, University of Salzburg Salzburg, Austria.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gagl
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Centre for Neurocognitive Research, University of Salzburg Salzburg, Austria.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hawelka
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Centre for Neurocognitive Research, University of Salzburg Salzburg, Austria.
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hutzler
keywords: corrective re-fixations; eye movements; landing position; reading; slow readers