title: Silver nanoparticles promote osteogenic differentiation of human urine-derived stem cells at noncytotoxic concentrations.
abstract: In tissue engineering, urine-derived stem cells are ideal seed cells and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are perfect antimicrobial agents. Due to a distinct lack of information on the effects of AgNPs on urine-derived stem cells, a study was conducted to evaluate the effects of silver ions and AgNPs upon the cytotoxicity and osteogenic differentiation of urine-derived stem cells. Initially, AgNPs or AgNO3 were exposed to urine-derived stem cells for 24 hours. Cytotoxicity was measured using the Cell Counting kit-8 (CCK-8) test. The effects of AgNPs or AgNO3 at the maximum safety concentration determined by the CCK-8 test on osteogenic differentiation of urine-derived stem cells were assessed by alkaline phosphatase activity, Alizarin Red S staining, and the quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Lastly, the effects of AgNPs or AgNO3 on "urine-derived stem cell actin cytoskeleton organization" and RhoA activity were assessed by rhodamine-phalloidin staining and Western blotting. Concentration-dependent toxicity was observed starting at an AgNO3 concentration of 2 μg/mL and at an AgNP concentration of 4 μg/mL. At these concentrations, AgNPs were observed to promote osteogenic differentiation of urine-derived stem cells, induce actin polymerization and increase cytoskeletal tension, and activate RhoA; AgNO3 had no such effects. In conclusion, AgNPs can promote osteogenic differentiation of urine-derived stem cells at a suitable concentration, independently of silver ions, and are suitable for incorporation into tissue-engineered scaffolds that utilize urine-derived stem cells as seed cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, HeFei, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhiquan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yaochao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jiaxin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hui
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xianlong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D012834:Silver / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D014556:Urine / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D012834:Silver
keywords: cytotoxicity; osteogenic differentiation; silver nanoparticles; stem cell