title: Glutamine and ornithine alpha-ketoglutarate supplementation on malate dehydrogenases expression in hepatectomized rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the relative gene expression (RGE) of cytosolic (MDH1) and mitochondrial (MDH2) malate dehydrogenases enzymes in partially hepatectomized rats after glutamine (GLN) or ornithine alpha-ketoglutarate (OKG) suplementation.
  
  
  METHODS
  One-hundred and eight male Wistar rats were randomly distributed into six groups (n=18): CCaL, GLNL and OKGL and fed calcium caseinate (CCa), GLN and OKG, 0.5 g/Kg by gavage, 30 minutes before laparotomy. CCaH, GLNH and OKGH groups were likewise fed 30 minutes before 70% partial hepatectomy. Blood and liver samples were collected three, seven and 14 days after laparotomy/hepatectomy for quantification of MDH1/MDH2 enzymes using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methodology. Relative enzymes expression was calculated by the 2-(ΔΔC)T method using the threshold cycle (CT) value for normalization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MDH1/MDH2 RGE was not different in hepatectomized rats treated with OKG compared to rats treated with CCa. However, MDH1/MDH2 RGE was greater on days 3 (321:1/26.48:1) and 7 (2.12:1/2.48:1) while MDH2 RGE was greater on day 14 (7.79:1) in hepatectomized rats treated with GLN compared to control animals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Glutamine has beneficial effects in liver regeneration in rats by promoting an up-regulation of the MDH1 and MDH2 relative gene expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Artur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guimarães Filho
authors.affiliation: Vale do Acarau University, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo Maranguape Silva da
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, UFC, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo Roberto Leitão de
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Vasconcelos
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, UFC, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sergio Botelho
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Guimarães
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D005973:Glutamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006498:Hepatectomy / Q000379:methods*; D008115:Liver Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008291:Malate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D009952:Ornithine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011897:Random Allocation; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D005973:Glutamine; C002118:ornithine alpha-ketoglutarate; D009952:Ornithine; D008291:Malate Dehydrogenase