title: Orosomucoid secretion levels by epicardial adipose tissue as possible indicator of endothelial dysfunction in diabetes mellitus or inflammation in coronary artery disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with fat and autonomic system dysfunction. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) plays an endocrine role over the heart. Since orosomucoid (ORM) has local actions around the coronaries, our aim was to assess the relationship between its secretion profile by EAT and its catecholaminergic regulation in patients with T2DM and coronary artery disease (CAD).
  
  
  METHODS
  We obtained EAT, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and plasma from 55 patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Fat explants were stimulated with isoproterenol (ISO) 1 μM for 6 h. After, the fat explants released-ORM and plasma levels were analyzed by ELISA. mRNA or protein expression was analyzed by real time PCR or western blot, respectively. The effects of ORM on endothelial cells were analyzed by impedance and wound healing assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed that EAT-released ORM levels were higher than SAT (328 ± 185 vs 58 ± 45 ng/mL; p < 0.001). Interestingly, EAT secretion was lower in patients with than those without T2DM (260 ± 141 vs 370 ± 194 ng/mL; p < 0.05) and this difference was enhanced after ISO stimulation (p < 0.01). However, plasma levels (412 ± 119 vs 594 ± 207 μg/mL) and EAT-released ORM levels were higher in patients with than those without CAD (384 ± 195 vs 279 ± 159 ng/mL; p < 0.05). ISO stimulation, also reduced the EAT released-ORM levels in patients with CAD. On human endothelial cells, ORM induced an increase of healing and proliferation in a dose-dependent manner.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EAT-released ORM levels in patients with T2DM or CAD and its regulation by catecholamines might be the mirror of local endothelium dysfunction or inflammatory process in different cardiovascular disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology and Coronary Unit, Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors.forename: Rubén
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fandiño-Vaquero
authors.affiliation: Health Research Institute, Spain.
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fernández-Trasancos
authors.affiliation: Health Research Institute, Spain.
authors.forename: Ezequiel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.affiliation: Health Research Institute, Spain.
authors.forename: Samah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Health Research Institute, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana Lucía
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Batista-Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors.forename: Belén
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Adrio
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors.forename: Angel Luis
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology and Coronary Unit, Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Health Research Institute, Spain.
authors.forename: José Ramón
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: González-Juanatey
authors.affiliation: Health Research Institute, Spain. Electronic address: sonia.eiras.penas@sergas.es.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eiras
mesh_terms: D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000378:metabolism*; D000368:Aged; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology*; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009961:Orosomucoid / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D010496:Pericardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000378:metabolism; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D009961:Orosomucoid
keywords: Epicardial adipose tissue; Orosomucoid; Type 2 diabetes mellitus