title: Changes of FASH ultrasound findings in TB-HIV patients during anti-tuberculosis treatment.
abstract: Ultrasound findings of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) have been well-described, particularly in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infected patients, and are often used as a basis of diagnosis in high-prevalence settings. Changes in findings during anti-tuberculosis treatment are less well documented. We present a single-centre case series of 21 TB-HIV co-infected individuals with typical ultrasound findings present at baseline. In 16/21 (76%) patients, all findings had resolved by month 3 of treatment. In patients with persistent ultrasound findings at 3 months, non-adherence, drug resistance, chronic disease, immune-reconstitution inflammatory syndrome and alternative diagnoses were identified. Follow-up ultrasound at month 3 may help identify high-risk cases.
authors.affiliation: <label>*</label>Department of Medicine, Klinikum Muenchen-Perlach, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Heller
authors.affiliation: <label>*</label>Department of Medicine, Klinikum Muenchen-Perlach, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wallrauch
authors.affiliation: <label><sup>†</sup></label>Division of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Pavia, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brunetti
authors.affiliation: <label><sup>‡</sup></label>Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy.
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Giordani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055118:Medication Adherence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents