title: The functional significance of newly born neurons integrated into olfactory bulb circuits.
abstract: The olfactory bulb (OB) is the first central processing center for olfactory information connecting with higher areas in the brain, and this neuronal circuitry mediates a variety of odor-evoked behavioral responses. In the adult mammalian brain, continuous neurogenesis occurs in two restricted regions, the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle and the hippocampal dentate gyrus. New neurons born in the SVZ migrate through the rostral migratory stream and are integrated into the neuronal circuits of the OB throughout life. The significance of this continuous supply of new neurons in the OB has been implicated in plasticity and memory regulation. Two decades of huge investigation in adult neurogenesis revealed the biological importance of integration of new neurons into the olfactory circuits. In this review, we highlight the recent findings about the physiological functions of newly generated neurons in rodent OB circuits and then discuss the contribution of neurogenesis in the brain function. Finally, we introduce cutting edge technologies to monitor and manipulate the activity of new neurons.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan ; Kyoto University Graduate School of Biostudies Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.affiliation: Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan ; World Premier International Research Initiative-Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan ; Japan Science and Technology Agency, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryoichiro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kageyama
authors.affiliation: Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan ; World Premier International Research Initiative-Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan ; The Hakubi Center, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan ; Japan Science and Technology Agency, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Itaru
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Imayoshi
keywords: accessory olfactory bulb; behavior; granule cell; lateral inhibition; main olfactory bulb; neural stem cell; neurogenesis; periglomerular cell