title: Echocardiographic evaluation of congenital left ventricular outflow obstruction.
abstract: Left ventricular outflow obstructions (LVOTO) encompass a series of stenotic lesions beginning within the anatomic left ventricular outflow tract and ending in the descending thoracic aorta, occurring alone or in series. The degree of stenosis and hemodynamic consequences may vary from mild and well tolerated to severe and functionally limiting. The majority of LVOTO (with the exception of calcific and rheumatic aortic stenosis) are congenital in etiology. Echocardiography has become an integral tool in the assessment of patients with congenital heart disease. This article is a contemporary review of the clinical features of LVOTO and the role of echocardiography in this patient population.
authors.affiliation: Ahmanson/UCLA Adult Congenital Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Jamil
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aboulhosn
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Child
mesh_terms: D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon / Q000379:methods*; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001024:Aortic Valve Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D000082882:Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D005260:Female; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014694:Ventricular Outflow Obstruction / Q000151:congenital* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery
keywords: aortic stenosis; bicuspid; coarctation; congenital; obstruction