title: The Evonik-Mainz-Eye-Care-Study (EMECS): design and execution of the screening investigation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if screening for major ophthalmological diseases is feasible within the frame of routine occupational medicine examinations in a large working population.
  
  
  METHODS
  13037 employees of Evonik Industries aged 40 to 65 years were invited to be screened for major ophthalmological diseases (glaucoma, age related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy between June 2007 and March 2008 within an extended setting of occupational medicine. Ophthalmological examinations consisted of visual acuity, objective refraction, pachymetry, tonometry, perimetry (frequency doubling technology), confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and digital fundus photography. Participants responded to a questionnaire addressing history of ocular and general diseases and social history.
  
  
  RESULTS
  4183 participants (961 female and 3222 male) were examined at 13 different sites. Response rates for eligible persons at those sites ranged from 17.9 to 60.5% but were in part limited by availability of examination slots. Average age of participants was 48.4 ± 5.4 years (mean ± SD). 4147 out of 4183 subjects (99.1%) had a visual acuity ≥ 0.5 in the better eye and 3665 out of 4183 (87.6%) subjects had a visual acuity ≥ 0.8 in the better eye. 1629 participants (38.9%) had previously not been seen by an ophthalmologist at all or not within the last three years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This article describes the study design and basic characteristics of study participants within a large occupational medicine based screening study for ophthalmological diseases. Response rates exceeded expectations and were limiting examination capacity. Meaningful data could be obtained for almost all participants. We reached participants who previously had not received ophthalmic care. Thus, ophthalmological screening appears to be feasible within the frame of routine occupational medicine examinations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Lorenz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Barleon
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wahl
authors.affiliation: Institute for Occupational Medicine, Environmental Medicine and Prevention Research, University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Institute for Occupational Epidemiology and Risk Assessment of Evonik Industries, Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Morfeld
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Deters
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lichtmeβ
authors.affiliation: Occupational Health, Evonik Industries, Hanau, Germany.
authors.forename: Sibylle
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haas-Brähler
authors.affiliation: Occupational Health, Evonik Industries, Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Uta
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.affiliation: Occupational Health, Evonik Industries, Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Breitstadt
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pfeiffer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003941:Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D009786:Occupational Health Services; D062486:Public Health Surveillance; D012737:Sex Factors