title: Lipoproteins as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the setting of acute coronary syndrome.
abstract: The period following an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) represents a critical time frame with a high risk for recurrent events and death. The pathogenesis of this increase in clinical cardiovascular disease events after ACS is complex, with molecular mechanisms including increased thrombosis and inflammation. Dyslipoproteinemia is common in patients with ACS and predictive of recurrent cardiovascular disease events after presentation with an ACS event. Although randomized clinical trials have provided fairly convincing evidence that high-dose statins reduce the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events after ACS, there remain questions about how aggressively to reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in ACS. Furthermore, no other lipid-related interventions have yet been proven to be effective in reducing major cardiovascular events after ACS. Here, we review the relationship of lipoproteins as biomarkers to cardiovascular risk after ACS, the evidence for lipid-targeted interventions, and the potential for novel therapeutic approaches in this arena.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (R.S.R.); Cardiovascular Research Institute, Medstar Research Institute, Washington Hospital Center, DC (H.B.B.); and Departments of Medicine and Genetics and Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (D.J.R.).
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Rosenson
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (R.S.R.); Cardiovascular Research Institute, Medstar Research Institute, Washington Hospital Center, DC (H.B.B.); and Departments of Medicine and Genetics and Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (D.J.R.).
authors.forename: H Bryan
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Brewer
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (R.S.R.); Cardiovascular Research Institute, Medstar Research Institute, Washington Hospital Center, DC (H.B.B.); and Departments of Medicine and Genetics and Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (D.J.R.). rader@mail.med.upenn.edu.
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Rader
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D008074:Lipoproteins
keywords: cholesterol; coronary artery disease; lipids