title: Influence of inhalation injury on energy expenditure in severely burned children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Determine the effect of inhalation injury on burn-induced hypermetabolism in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study comparing hypermetabolism (i.e., resting energy expenditure and oxygen consumption) in burned children with and without inhalation injury during acute hospitalization.
  
  
  METHODS
  Single pediatric burn center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-six children (1-18 years) with ≥40% total body surface area burns were stratified to two groups: no inhalation injury and inhalation injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Inhalation injury was diagnosed based on bronchoscopic evaluation. At admission, PaO2:FiO2 ratios (an index of respiratory distress) were significantly higher in patients with no inhalation injury than in patients with inhalation injury. No differences were detected in resting energy expenditure or percent of the predicted basal metabolic rate between groups. Additionally, oxygen consumption did not significantly differ between groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inhalation injury does not augment the burn-induced hypermetabolic stress response in children, as reflected by resting energy expenditure and oxygen consumption.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States; Shriners Hospitals for Children, Galveston, TX, United States; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States. Electronic address: reprzkor@utmb.edu.
authors.forename: Rene
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Przkora
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States; Shriners Hospitals for Children, Galveston, TX, United States.
authors.forename: Ricki Y
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Fram
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States; Shriners Hospitals for Children, Galveston, TX, United States.
authors.forename: David N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Herndon
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States; Shriners Hospitals for Children, Galveston, TX, United States.
authors.forename: Oscar E
authors.initials: OE
authors.lastname: Suman
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States; Shriners Hospitals for Children, Galveston, TX, United States. Electronic address: rmlcak@utmb.edu.
authors.forename: Ronald P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Mlcak
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001481:Basal Metabolism; D001999:Bronchoscopy; D002056:Burns / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D002059:Burns, Inhalation / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015599:Trauma Severity Indices
keywords: Burns; Hypermetabolism; Indirect calorimetry; Inhalation injury; Oxygen consumption; Resting energy expenditure