title: Upper abdominal normal organ contouring guidelines and atlas: a Radiation Therapy Oncology Group consensus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To standardize upper abdominal normal organ contouring guidelines for Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) trials.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve expert radiation oncologists contoured the liver, esophagus, gastroesophageal junction (GEJ), stomach, duodenum, and common bile duct (CBD), and reviewed and edited 33 additional normal organ and blood vessel contours on an anonymized patient computed tomography (CT) dataset. Contours were overlaid and compared for agreement using MATLAB (MathWorks, Natick, MA). S95 contours, defined as the binomial distribution to generate 95% group consensus contours, and normal organ contouring definitions were generated and reviewed by the panel.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was excellent consistency and agreement of the liver, duodenal, and stomach contours, with substantial consistency for the esophagus contour, and moderate consistency for the GEJ and CBD contours using a Kappa statistic. Consensus definitions, detailed normal organ contouring recommendations and high-resolution images were developed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Consensus contouring guidelines and a CT image atlas should improve contouring uniformity in radiation oncology clinical planning and RTOG trials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey. Electronic address: jabbousk@cinj.rutgers.edu.
authors.forename: Salma K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Jabbour
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Radiation Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan.
authors.forename: Sameh A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Hashem
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri.
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bosch
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, Mount Sinai Hospital and Women's College Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Tae Kyoung
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: 21st Century Oncology Translational Research Consortium, Scottsdale, Arizona.
authors.forename: Steven E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Finkelstein
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin.
authors.forename: Bethany M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Edgar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ben-Josef
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Christopher H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Crane
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Karyn A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Goodman
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Haddock
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Joseph M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Herman
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Theodore S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Lisa A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Kachnic
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Harvey J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Mamon
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Jason R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Pantarotto
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Laura A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Dawson
mesh_terms: D032921:Consensus; D004064:Digestive System / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D018787:Radiation Oncology / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards*; D011880:Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*