title: [Prevention of nephrolithiasis: a review].
abstract: Nephrolithiasis is a very common condition, with a prevalence of about 8% in the general population. Genetic as well as environmental factors are thought to contribute to its pathogenesis. Environmental and especially dietary factors are important in primary as well as in secondary prevention. We review the relevant literature of factors associated with an increased risk of stones that might be object of medical prevention for nephrolithiasis.
authors.affiliation: Divisione di Nefrologia e Dialisi, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma - Italy.
authors.forename: Pietro Manuel
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Ferraro
authors.forename: Gianmarco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lombardi
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gambaro
mesh_terms: D000493:Allopurinol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002951:Citrates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003681:Dehydration / Q000150:complications; D004032:Diet; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic; D053040:Nephrolithiasis / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D019815:Oxalic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects; D011322:Primary Prevention; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012307:Risk Factors; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000009:adverse effects; D049971:Thiazides / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D002951:Citrates; D012982:Sodium, Dietary; D049971:Thiazides; D000493:Allopurinol; D019815:Oxalic Acid