title: Specific therapy to regulate inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis: molecular aspects.
abstract: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease in which persistent inflammation of synovial tissue results in a progressive functional decline of the joint and premature mortality. TNF inhibitors were the first biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) used to treat RA. Since then, new biological drugs have emerged, such as inhibitors of IL-1, IL-6 and others, with different mechanisms of action that include the depletion of B cells and the inhibition of T-cell costimulation. Recently, RA treatments have incorporated the use of synthetic DMARDs. This review describes the molecular aspects of the mechanisms of action of biological and synthetic DMARDs, discusses the adverse effects and limitations of established therapies and analyses the alternative approaches to RA treatment.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology & Cellular & Molecular Biology, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México.
authors.forename: Mariana H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: García-Hernández
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: González-Amaro
authors.forename: Diana Patricia
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Portales-Pérez
mesh_terms: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000276:immunology; D008212:Lymphocyte Depletion; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D000093242:Interleukin-6 Inhibitors
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D000093242:Interleukin-6 Inhibitors; C508600:IL6 protein, human
keywords: biological and synthetic agent; chronic inflammation; cytokine; inflammatory response; molecular aspect; therapeutic target