title: Structure of RPA32 bound to the N-terminus of SMARCAL1 redefines the binding interface between RPA32 and its interacting proteins.
abstract: Replication protein A subunit RPA32 contains a C-terminal domain that interacts with a variety of DNA damage response proteins including SMARCAL1, Tipin, UNG2 and XPA. We have solved the high-resolution crystal structure of RPA32 C-terminal domain (RPA32C) in complex with a 26-amino-acid peptide derived from the N-terminus of SMARCAL1 (SMARCAL1N). The RPA32C-SMARCAL1N structure reveals a 1 : 1 binding stoichiometry and displays a well-ordered binding interface. SMARCAL1N adopts a long α-helical conformation with the highly conserved 11 residues aligned on one face of the α-helix showing extensive interactions with the RPA32C domain. Extensive mutagenesis experiments were performed to corroborate the interactions observed in crystal structure. Moreover, the α1/α2 loop of the RPA32C domain undergoes a conformational rearrangement upon SMARCAL1N binding. NMR study has further confirmed that the RPA32C-SMARCAL1N interaction induces conformational changes in RPA32C. Isothermal titration calorimetry studies have also demonstrated that the conserved α-helical motif defined in the current study is required for sufficient binding of RPA32C. Taken together, our study has provided convincing structural information that redefines the common recognition pattern shared by RPA32C interacting proteins.
  
  
  METHODS
  The atomic coordinates of RPA32C in complex with 26-aa SMARCAL1 (SMARCAL1N) peptide have been deposited at the Protein Data Bank with accession code 4MQV.
  RPA32 and SMARCAL1 bind by isothermal titration calorimetry(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) RPA32 and SMARCAL1 bind by molecular sieving (View interaction) RPA32 and SMARCAL1 bind by x-ray crystallography (View interaction) Tipin and RPA32 bind by isothermal titration calorimetry (1, 2) RPA32 and UNG2 bind by isothermal titration calorimetry (1, 2, 3) SMARCAL1 and RPA32 bind by nuclear magnetic resonance (View interaction) UNG2 and RPA32 bind by nuclear magnetic resonance (View interaction) Tipin and RPA32 bind by nuclear magnetic resonance (View interaction).
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, the University of Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Si
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jakoncic
authors.forename: Hongzhe
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Chengmin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qian
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D004265:DNA Helicases / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011485:Protein Binding; D054730:Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D051716:Replication Protein A / Q000737:chemistry*; D017186:Titrimetry
chemical_list: D051716:Replication Protein A; C412482:SMARCAL1 protein, human; C516794:RPA2 protein, human; D004265:DNA Helicases
keywords: DNA damage; DNA replication; SMARCAL1; crystallography; replication protein A