title: Preliminary evidence that different mechanisms underlie the anger superiority effect in children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorders.
abstract: Previous studies have demonstrated that angry faces capture humans' attention more rapidly than emotionally positive faces. This phenomenon is referred to as the anger superiority effect (ASE). Despite atypical emotional processing, adults and children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) have been reported to show ASE as well as typically developed (TD) individuals. So far, however, few studies have clarified whether or not the mechanisms underlying ASE are the same for both TD and ASD individuals. Here, we tested how TD and ASD children process schematic emotional faces during detection by employing a recognition task in combination with a face-in-the-crowd task. Results of the face-in-the-crowd task revealed the prevalence of ASE both in TD and ASD children. However, the results of the recognition task revealed group differences: In TD children, detection of angry faces required more configural face processing and disrupted the processing of local features. In ASD children, on the other hand, it required more feature-based processing rather than configural processing. Despite the small sample sizes, these findings provide preliminary evidence that children with ASD, in contrast to TD children, show quick detection of angry faces by extracting local features in faces.
authors.affiliation: Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University Inuyama, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Isomura
authors.affiliation: Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University Inuyama, Japan.
authors.forename: Shino
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.affiliation: Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University Inuyama, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.affiliation: Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University Inuyama, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shibasaki
authors.affiliation: Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University Inuyama, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Masataka
keywords: Autism Spectrum Disorders; anger superiority effect; attention; children; emotion; face-in-the-crowd effect; facial expressions; visual search