title: Deciding about fertility preservation after specialist counselling.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  How do female patients experience fertility preservation (FP) consultation (FPC) with a specialist in reproductive medicine and subsequent decision-making on FP?
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most patients had positive experiences with FPC, but negative experiences were found to be associated with decisional conflict and decision regret.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  When confronted with a need for gonadotoxic treatment, girls and young women will have to make an irreversible decision with regard to FP. Patients may experience decisional conflict and develop regret about their decision during follow-up. Patients' opportunities to ask questions during FPC and their knowledge about FP have been inversely related to decisional conflict.
  
  
  METHODS
  A questionnaire on experiences with FPC, designed after qualitative research, was retrospectively distributed to 108 patients to whom FP was offered after FPC between July 2008 and July 2013. Aiming to minimize recall bias, we defined a subgroup of patients counselled since 2011 who had not yet tried to conceive after FPC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were aged ≥16 years and had either cancer or a benign disease that required gonadotoxic therapy. They received FPC in a single university hospital in the Netherlands. Apart from patients' experiences, patients' characteristics, decisional conflict and decision regret were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 64 patients (59.3%) responded to the questionnaire. Patients generally had positive experiences with FPC, but indicated room for improvement. Negative experiences were associated with decisional conflict regarding the FP decision (not enough time for counselling: P < 0.0001; not having the opportunity to ask all questions during FPC: P < 0.0001; not feeling supported by the counsellor during decision-making: P = 0.0003; not all applicable options were discussed: P = 0.0001; benefits and disadvantages of FP options were not clearly explained: P = 0.0005). Decisional conflict was correlated to decision regret (P < 0.0001). In the subgroup of patients counselled after 2011 who had not tried to conceive (n = 33), similar results as for the total study population were found for the association of patient experiences with decisional conflict.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Given our retrospective design, we were not informed about the causality of the associations observed. We studied Dutch patients who were counselled in a single centre and were at least 16 years old when filling in the questionnaire. This may limit the generalizability of our data to other settings and populations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  More attention should be paid to improving FPC care. Interventions aiming at improving patients' comprehension of the topic of FP and their feelings of being supported in decision-making are advisable.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  This work was supported by the Radboud Institute for Health and an unconditional grant from Merck Serono. The authors have declared no conflicts of interest with respect to this work.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, Nijmegen 6500 HB, The Netherlands lobke.bastings@radboudumc.nl.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bastings
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, Nijmegen 6500 HB, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ö
authors.initials: Ö
authors.lastname: Baysal
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, Nijmegen 6500 HB, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: C C M
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Beerendonk
authors.affiliation: Department for Health Evidence, Section Biostatistics, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, Nijmegen 6500 HB, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: IntHout
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gelre Hospital, PO Box 9014, Apeldoorn 7300 DS, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M A F
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Traas
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Psychology, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Verhaak
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, Nijmegen 6500 HB, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: D D M
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Braat
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, Nijmegen 6500 HB, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: W L D M
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Nelen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003220:Conflict, Psychological; D003376:Counseling; D003657:Decision Making; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D059247:Fertility Preservation / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: cancer; decisional conflict; fertility preservation; patients' experiences; regret