title: Characterization of a novel Conus bandanus conopeptide belonging to the M-superfamily containing bromotryptophan.
abstract: A novel conotoxin (conopeptide) was biochemically characterized from the crude venom of the molluscivorous marine snail, Conus bandanus (Hwass in Bruguière, 1792), collected in the south-central coast of Vietnam. The peptide was identified by screening bromotryptophan from chromatographic fractions of the crude venom. Tandem mass spectrometry techniques were used to detect and localize different post-translational modifications (PTMs) present in the BnIIID conopeptide. The sequence was confirmed by Edman's degradation and mass spectrometry revealing that the purified BnIIID conopeptide had 15 amino acid residues, with six cysteines at positions 1, 2, 7, 11, 13, and 14, and three PTMs: bromotryptophan, γ-carboxy glutamate, and amidated aspartic acid, at positions "4", "5", and "15", respectively. The BnIIID peptide was synthesized for comparison with the native peptide. Homology comparison with conopeptides having the III-cysteine framework (-CCx1x2x3x4Cx1x2x3Cx1CC-) revealed that BnIIID belongs to the M-1 family of conotoxins. This is the first report of a member of the M-superfamily containing bromotryptophan as PTM.
authors.affiliation: Neurobiology and Development Laboratory, Research Unit # 3294, Institute of Neurobiology Alfred Fessard # 2118, National Center for Scientific Research, Gif sur Yvette Cedex 91198, France. nguyenbaocbp@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Bao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Research Unit # 2301, Natural Product Chemistry Institute, National Center for Scientific Research, Gif sur Yvette Cedex 91198, France. jean-pierre.lecaer@icsn.cnrs-gif.fr.
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre Le
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Caer
authors.affiliation: Molecular Engineering of Proteins, Institute of Biology and Technology Saclay, Atomic Energy Commission, Gif sur Yvette Cedex 91191, France. gilles.mourier@cea.fr.
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mourier
authors.affiliation: Molecular Engineering of Proteins, Institute of Biology and Technology Saclay, Atomic Energy Commission, Gif sur Yvette Cedex 91191, France. robert.thai@cea.fr.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Thai
authors.affiliation: Neurobiology and Development Laboratory, Research Unit # 3294, Institute of Neurobiology Alfred Fessard # 2118, National Center for Scientific Research, Gif sur Yvette Cedex 91198, France. lamthanh5hung@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Hung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lamthanh
authors.affiliation: Molecular Engineering of Proteins, Institute of Biology and Technology Saclay, Atomic Energy Commission, Gif sur Yvette Cedex 91191, France. denis.servent@cea.fr.
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Servent
authors.affiliation: Neurobiology and Development Laboratory, Research Unit # 3294, Institute of Neurobiology Alfred Fessard # 2118, National Center for Scientific Research, Gif sur Yvette Cedex 91198, France. Evelyne.Benoit@inaf.cnrs-gif.fr.
authors.forename: Evelyne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Benoit
authors.affiliation: Neurobiology and Development Laboratory, Research Unit # 3294, Institute of Neurobiology Alfred Fessard # 2118, National Center for Scientific Research, Gif sur Yvette Cedex 91198, France. jordi.molgo@inaf.cnrs-gif.fr.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Molgó
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020916:Conotoxins / Q000737:chemistry*; D052078:Conus Snail / Q000378:metabolism*; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000737:chemistry; D014744:Vietnam
chemical_list: D020916:Conotoxins; D010455:Peptides; D014364:Tryptophan