title: Lower Helicobacter pylori infection rate in chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease patients with peptic ulcer disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Distinguishing the rates of Helicobacter pylori infection in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) from that in PUD patients without CKD is critical.
  
  
  METHODS
  We first stratified the original 1 million study population according to CKD or ESRD. We retrospectively investigated the incidence of H. pylori infection in PUD patients with or without CKD or ESRD between 2000 and 2008 in a nationwide, population-based cohort using data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. The comparison cohort consisted of PUD patients without CKD. A logistic regression model was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals, to determine whether the occurrence of H. pylori infection in CKD or ESRD patients with PUD differed from that of PUD patients without CKD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the CKD patients, 261 patients had H. pylori-positive and 185 H. pylori-negative peptic ulcers. Among the ESRD patients, 81 had H. pylori-positive and 63 H. pylori-negative peptic ulcers. Among the non-CKD control patients, 1658 patients had H. pylori-positive and 702 H. pylori-negative peptic ulcers. Our results revealed a lower H. pylori infection rate in CKD (OR = 0.64, p < 0.001) and ESRD (OR = 0.54, p = 0.001) patients with PUD than in PUD patients without CKD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The H. pylori infection rate is lower in PUD patients with CKD and ESRD than in those without CKD.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Taipei City Hospital Yang-Ming Branch, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei City Hospital Yang-Ming Branch, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Shen-Shong
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Public Health and Department of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address: hyhu@ym.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Hsiao-Yun
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010437:Peptic Ulcer / Q000150:complications*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000150:complications*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: H. pylori; chronic kidney disease; end-stage renal disease; lower; peptic ulcers