title: Identification of candidate long non-coding RNAs in response to myocardial infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) constitute a novel class of non-coding RNAs. LncRNAs regulate gene expression, thus having the possibility to modulate disease progression. In this study, we investigated the changes of lncRNAs expression in the heart after myocardial infarction (MI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adult male C57/BL6 mice were subjected to coronary ligation or sham operation. In a derivation group of 4 MI and 4 sham-operated mice sacrificed 24 hours after surgery, microarray analysis showed that MI was associated with up-regulation of 20 lncRNAs and down-regulation of 10 lncRNAs (fold-change >2). Among these, 2 lncRNAs, called myocardial infarction-associated transcript 1 (MIRT1) and 2 (MIRT2), showed robust up-regulation in the MI group: 5-fold and 13-fold, respectively. Up-regulation of these 2 lncRNAs after MI was confirmed by quantitative PCR in an independent validation group of 8 MI and 8 sham-operated mice (9-fold and 16-fold for MIRT1 and MIRT2, P < 0.001). In a time-course analysis involving 21 additional MI mice, the expression of both lncRNAs peaked 24 hours after MI and returned to baseline after 2 days. In situ hybridization revealed an up-regulation of MIRT1 expression in the left ventricle of MI mice. Expression of MIRT1 and MIRT2 correlated with the expression of multiple genes known to be involved in left ventricular remodeling. Mice with high level of expression of MIRT1 and MIRT2 had a preserved ejection fraction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Myocardial infarction induces important changes in the expression of lncRNAs in the heart. This study motivates further investigation of the role of lncRNAs in left ventricular remodeling.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zangrando
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vausort
authors.forename: Fatiha
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Maskali
authors.forename: Pierre-Yves
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Marie
authors.forename: Daniel R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Centre de Recherche Public de la Santé (CRP - Santé), 84 Val Fleuri, Luxembourg L1526, Luxembourg. yvan.devaux@crp-sante.lu.
authors.forename: Yvan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Devaux
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding / Q000235:genetics*; D013318:Stroke Volume; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling
chemical_list: C000594862:MIRT1 long-non-coding RNA, mouse; C000594863:MIRT2 long noncoding RNA, mouse; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding