title: D-shape asymmetric excision of sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus with primary closure, suction drain, and subcuticular skin closure: an analysis of risks factors for long-term recurrence.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Few studies have reported long-term recurrence rates after asymmetric excision with primary closure in the treatment of sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database of 550 surgical excisions performed for sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease between 1988 and 2005 was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 550 patients with a diagnosis of pilonidal sinus underwent surgical excision over a period of 17 years. Thirty-eight out of the 550 patients (3.5%) were lost at follow-up. At a mean follow up of 11.2 ± 5.3 years, median 11 years (range = 3-22), the recurrence rate was 8.9%. Actuarial 1-, 5-, 10-, and 20-year disease-free survival rates were 98%, 94%, 92%, and 83%, respectively, with a median overall disease-free survival of 10 years (95% confidence interval [CI] = 3-15). When patients were stratified according to several variables known to influence recurrence, an age of less or ≥22 years (odds ratio [OR] = 1.5, 95% CI = 0.3-7.5, P = .001), a family history of sinus (OR = 5.9, 95% CI = 2.7-12, P = .0001), and intraoperative methylene blue use (OR = 6.3, 95% CI = 1.2-31, P = .024) were indicated as independent predictors of disease-free survival rates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  D-shape asymmetric excision and scar lateralization, with primary multilayer subcuticular closure, suction drain insertion, and skin closure in patients with sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease is a safe and adequate surgical treatment offering an effective healing rate as well as low recurrence. Several features are likely to predict a better or a worse long-term recurrence rate in patients undergoing surgery for sinus pilonidalis.
authors.affiliation: Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy luigibrusciano@tin.it.
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brusciano
authors.affiliation: Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Limongelli
authors.affiliation: Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Gianmattia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Del Genio
authors.affiliation: Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tolone
authors.affiliation: Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Amoroso
authors.affiliation: Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Docimo
authors.affiliation: Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Ludovico
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Docimo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010864:Pilonidal Sinus / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012445:Sacrococcygeal Region / Q000601:surgery*; D013396:Suction; D058106:Wound Closure Techniques
keywords: asymmetric excision; colorectal surgery; surgical treatment sinus