title: [Usefulness of human papillomavirus testing in anal intraepithelial neoplasia screening in a risk behaviour population].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The incidence of intraepithelial anal neoplasia is increasing in certain risk behaviour groups, and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is involved in its pathogenesis. The systematic use of anal cytology, and more recently HPV detection by hybrid capture and genotyping, have been introduced into screening programs in recent decades.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective cohort study was carried out on individuals with risk behaviours of developing intraepithelial anal neoplasia and who attended Sexually Transmitted Infections clinics in the Dermatology area of the Hospital Costa del Sol from January 2010 to December 2012. The intraepithelial anal neoplasia screening was performed using anal cytology and HPV genotyping.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Half (50%) of the study population were HIV positive. A high frequency of anal dysplasia and presence of HPV in cytology (82.1%) and genotype (79%) was found. A statistically significant association (P<.005) was obtained between the presence of high-risk HPV genotypes and the presence of high-grade dysplasia in the second directed cytology. HPV genotyping enabled 17 cases (22%) of severe dysplasia to be identified that were under-diagnosed in the first cytology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cases of high-grade dysplasia can be under-diagnosed by a first anal cytology. Detection of HPV can supplement this procedure, leading to the identification of those patients most at risk of developing high-grade anal dysplasia.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Málaga, España. Electronic address: laura.padilla.espana@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Padilla-España
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Málaga, España.
authors.forename: Bosco
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Repiso-Jiménez
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Málaga, España.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fernández-Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Málaga, España.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frieyro-Elicegui
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Málaga, España.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fernández-Morano
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Málaga, España.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pereda
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Apoyo a la Investigación, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Málaga, España.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rivas-Ruiz
authors.affiliation: Research Unit, Hospital Costa del Sol, University of Málaga, Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Málaga, España.
authors.forename: Maximino
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Redondo
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Málaga, España.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de-Troya Martín
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001005:Anus Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology*; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000517:prevention & control; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012306:Risk; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D014412:Tumor Virus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Anal cytology; Anal intraepithelial neoplasia; Citología anal; Cribado; Human immunodeficiency virus; Human papilloma virus; Neoplasia intraepitelial anal; Screening; Virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana; Virus del papiloma humano