title: Ozone phytotoxic potential with regard to fragments of the Atlantic Semi-deciduous Forest downwind of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
abstract: In the Metropolitan Region of Campinas (MRC), Brazil, high levels of primary pollutants contribute to ozone (O3) formation. However, little is known regarding the O3 effects in the tropics. Objectives in this study were to characterize the present levels of O3 pollution and to evaluate the relevance of current concentration-based indices for assessing the phytotoxic potential of O3. Changes in O3 concentrations and precursors at 5 monitoring stations within towns of MRC were analyzed. The daily O3 profile was typical for urban sites and showed little yearly variation. Given the permanently foliated forest canopy, yearly rather than seasonal O3 indices were thus more appropriate for estimating the effective ozone dose. With yearly SUM00, SUM60 and AOT40 of 156, 16 and 14 ppm h and confirmed by evidence of O3 injury in foliage, oxidative stress in the MRC has reached levels high enough to affect trees from the Atlantic Semi-deciduous Forest.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Botânica, Caixa Postal 3005, 01061-970 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: bmourabio@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Bárbara B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Moura
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Botânica, Caixa Postal 3005, 01061-970 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Edenise S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Botânica, Caixa Postal 3005, 01061-970 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvia R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Botânica, Caixa Postal 3005, 01061-970 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Domingos
authors.affiliation: Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zuercherstrasse 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vollenweider
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D001938:Brazil; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D010126:Ozone / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D014197:Trees / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D010126:Ozone
keywords: Atlantic Semi-deciduous Forest; Metropolitan Region of Campinas; O(3) phytotoxic potential; SUM00; SUM60 and AOT40