title: Elevated cerebral lactate: Implications in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy.
abstract: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE), a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome, is a frequent complication of liver failure/disease. Increased concentrations of lactate are commonly observed in HE patients, in the systemic circulation, but also in the brain. Traditionally, increased cerebral lactate is considered a marker of energy failure/impairment however alterations in lactate homeostasis may also lead to a rise in brain lactate and result in neuronal dysfunction. The latter may involve the development of brain edema. This review will target the significance of increased cerebral lactate in the pathogenesis of HE.
authors.affiliation: Hepato-Neuro Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900, rue Saint-Denis - Tour Viger R08.422, Québec, H2X 0A9, Canada, christopher.rose@umontreal.ca.
authors.forename: Cristina R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Bosoi
authors.forename: Christopher F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Rose
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000378:metabolism; D002952:Citric Acid Cycle; D003999:Dichloroacetic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D006501:Hepatic Encephalopathy / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000502:physiology; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism; D011768:Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011768:Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex; D019344:Lactic Acid; D000641:Ammonia; D003999:Dichloroacetic Acid; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase