title: Contamination profiles of antibiotic resistance genes in the sediments at a catchment scale.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the contamination profiles of tetracycline, sulfonamide, and macrolide resistance genes, as well as integrons in sediments of Dongjiang River basin of South China by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. sul2 was the most abundant resistance gene, with the average concentration of 6.97×10(8) copies/g and 1.00×10(8) copies/g in the dry and wet seasons, respectively, followed by ermF, sul3, sul1, intI1, tetA, ermB, tetX, tetM, tetQ, tetO, tetW, tetS, ermC, and tetB. The abundance of intI2 gene was the lowest in the sediment samples. Significant correlations existed between the ARGs and sediment properties as well as metals (Cu and Zn) and corresponding antibiotic classes, suggesting that the contamination of ARGs is related to chemical pollution of the sediments in the river basin. Principal component analysis showed distinct groupings of the sampling sites, reflecting that human activities are the key player in the dissemination of ARGs in the catchment environment.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, CAS Centre for Pearl River Delta Environmental Pollution and Control Research, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
authors.forename: Hao-Chang
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, CAS Centre for Pearl River Delta Environmental Pollution and Control Research, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
authors.forename: Chang-Gui
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, CAS Centre for Pearl River Delta Environmental Pollution and Control Research, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China. Electronic address: guangguo.ying@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Guang-Guo
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Ying
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, CAS Centre for Pearl River Delta Environmental Pollution and Control Research, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Liang
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, CAS Centre for Pearl River Delta Environmental Pollution and Control Research, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
authors.forename: Li-Jun
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, CAS Centre for Pearl River Delta Environmental Pollution and Control Research, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
authors.forename: You-Sheng
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, CAS Centre for Pearl River Delta Environmental Pollution and Control Research, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
authors.forename: Rui-Quan
authors.initials: RQ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, CAS Centre for Pearl River Delta Environmental Pollution and Control Research, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
authors.forename: Liang-Ying
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial / Q000235:genetics*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D014871:Water Microbiology; D014873:Water Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014873:Water Pollutants
keywords: Antibiotic resistance; Integron; Resistance genes; River; Sediment