title: Food safety challenges--a Pakistan's perspective.
abstract: Biological, chemical, and physical contamination of foods is a terrifying threat for the health and economic growth in developing societies. Rampantly available literature on foodborne illnesses especially diarrhea among children exclusively depicts the intensified disease burden associated with foodborne illness in the underdeveloped economies. Prevalence of many pathogens in several foods is commonplace in Pakistan. Precise estimates for foodborne illnesses in Pakistan are hard to make because of the absence of any monitoring, surveillance, and infection control. Poor processing and storage of milk, cereal grains, and nuts are a major cause of aflatoxin contamination and mold proliferation. Numerous studies manifest a multitude of foods to be contaminated with heavy metals. Escalating population growth limits the economic potential of the individual and the state through a tendency among the traders and manufacturers to intentionally debase food commodities offered for sale to make profit at the cost of their quality and safety. Therefore, a growing trend of adulteration in foods during the recent past, particularly adulteration of milk, poses a pressing challenge for the government. This review is a concerted attempt to elucidate the prevailing food safety scenario in Pakistan. Information derived from local and related international studies will be presented to clearly depict a picture of food safety in Pakistan. It is proposed that an extensive food safety infrastructure leading to a safer supply of foods needs to be devised, designed, and implemented.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Food Science and Technology , University College of Agriculture, Bahuaddin Zakariya University , Multan , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Saeed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akhtar
mesh_terms: D000348:Aflatoxins / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002648:Child; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000453:epidemiology; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D005516:Food Microbiology; D059022:Food Safety; D005517:Foodborne Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D005658:Fungi / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis; D008892:Milk; D010154:Pakistan / Q000453:epidemiology; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000348:Aflatoxins; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D010573:Pesticide Residues
keywords: Pakistan; adulterants; bacteria; contaminants; foods; metals; pesticides