title: Phylogenetic and recombination analysis of the homing protein domain of grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) isolates associated with 'yellow mosaic' and 'infectious malformation' syndromes in grapevine.
abstract: The RNA2 of seven grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) isolates from vines with yellow mosaic (YM) symptoms from different origin were sequenced. These sequences showed a high variability in the homing protein (2A(HP)) and, in five of them, a putative recombination with arabis mosaic virus (ArMV) was detected. To investigate recombination frequency, the partial sequences of the 2A(HP) of 28 additional GFLV isolates from nine different countries, showing either YM or infectious malformations (MF) symptoms, were obtained and compared with those of GFLV isolates from GenBank. The analysis confirmed the high level of sequence variability (up to 41 % at the nucleotide level) among isolates. In phylogenetic trees constructed using different approaches, the sequenced isolates always clustered in four conserved groups, three of which comprised YM strains (groups 1, 2 and 3), and one (group 4) the MF strains. Potential interspecific recombination sites between GFLV and ArMV were predicted in the 2A(HP) gene of several isolates, all of which were associated with YM symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Istituto Agronomico Mediterraneo di Bari, Via Ceglie 9, 70010, Valenzano, Bari, Italy, elbeaino@iamb.it.
authors.forename: Toufic
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Elbeaino
authors.forename: Hulusi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kiyi
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Boutarfa
authors.forename: Angelantonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Minafra
authors.forename: Giovanni Paolo
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Martelli
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Digiaro
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D014644:Genetic Variation; D016679:Genome, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D017860:Nepovirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D027843:Vitis / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral