title: High-fat meals do not impair postprandial endothelial function in HIV-infected and uninfected men.
abstract: Prior studies have demonstrated impaired endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in healthy subjects following a high-fat meal. Compared to uninfected individuals, HIV-infected persons have been shown to have impaired FMD. We examined the effect of two different high-fat meals on endothelial function in HIV-infected and uninfected men. We performed a randomized, parallel group crossover study comparing 47 white men [18 HIV-uninfected, 9 HIV-infected and antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve, and 20 HIV-infected men on ART]. Fasting participants consumed one of two randomly assigned high-fat meals of either saturated or polyunsaturated fat, followed at least 24 h later by the other meal. Brachial artery ultrasound measurements to assess vascular reactivity were performed before and 3 h after each dietary challenge. There was no significant difference in mean baseline or postprandial FMD between HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected participants (mean baseline FMD±SD, 9.0%±5 vs. 9.2%±5, p=0.9; mean postprandial FMD±SD, 9.0%±4.7 vs. 9.1%±4.7, p=0.96, respectively). No significant difference in baseline or postprandial change in FMD was found between meals or HIV treatment groups. Fasting lipids and glucose, CD4(+) count, and viral load did not predict FMD in HIV-infected participants. In contrast to previous reports, this study did not demonstrate impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation after high-fat meals in either HIV-infected or HIV-uninfected men. Moreover, HIV infection itself may not be the primary explanation for the abnormal endothelial function reported in HIV-infected individuals.
authors.affiliation: 1 Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center , Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Gretchen E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Volpe
authors.forename: Christine A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Wanke
authors.forename: Cindy M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: Kevin S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Heffernan
authors.forename: Jeffrey T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Kuvin
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mangili
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019518:Postprandial Period