title: Differential effects of proteins and carbohydrates on postprandial blood pressure-related responses.
abstract: Diet composition may affect blood pressure (BP), but the mechanisms are unclear. The aim of the present study was to compare postprandial BP-related responses to the ingestion of pea protein, milk protein and egg-white protein. In addition, postprandial BP-related responses to the ingestion of maltodextrin were compared with those to the ingestion of sucrose and a protein mix. We hypothesised that lower postprandial total peripheral resistance (TPR) and BP levels would be accompanied by higher plasma concentrations of nitric oxide, insulin, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucagon. On separate occasions, six meals were tested in a randomised order in forty-eight overweight or obese adults with untreated elevated BP. Postprandial responses of TPR, BP and plasma concentrations of insulin, glucagon, GLP-1 and nitrite, nitroso compounds (RXNO) and S-nitrosothiols (NO(x)) were measured for 4 h. No differences were observed in TPR responses. Postprandial BP levels were higher after the ingestion of the egg-white-protein meal than after that of meals containing the other two proteins (P≤ 0·01). The ingestion of the pea-protein meal induced the highest NO(x) response (P≤ 0·006). Insulin and glucagon concentrations were lowest after the ingestion of the egg-white-protein meal (P≤ 0·009). Postprandial BP levels were lower after the ingestion of the maltodextrin meal than after that of the protein mix and sucrose meals (P≤ 0·004), while postprandial insulin concentrations were higher after the ingestion of the maltodextrin meal than after that of the sucrose and protein mix meals after 1-2 h (P≤ 0·0001). Postprandial NO(x), GLP-1 and glucagon concentrations were lower after the ingestion of the maltodextrin meal than after that of the protein mix meal (P≤ 0·008). In conclusion, different protein and carbohydrate sources induce different postprandial BP-related responses, which may be important for BP management. Lower postprandial BP levels are not necessarily accompanied by higher NO(x), insulin, glucagon or GLP-1 responses.
authors.affiliation: Top Institute Food and Nutrition,Wageningen,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Karianna F M
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Teunissen-Beekman
authors.affiliation: Top Institute Food and Nutrition,Wageningen,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Janneke
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dopheide
authors.affiliation: Top Institute Food and Nutrition,Wageningen,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Johanna M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Geleijnse
authors.affiliation: Top Institute Food and Nutrition,Wageningen,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Stephan J L
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Bakker
authors.affiliation: Top Institute Food and Nutrition,Wageningen,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Elizabeth J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Brink
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center,Maastricht,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Peter W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: de Leeuw
authors.affiliation: Department of Methodology & Statistics,Maastricht University,Maastricht,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Serroyen
authors.affiliation: Top Institute Food and Nutrition,Wageningen,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marleen A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: van Baak
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000009:adverse effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015387:Egg Proteins, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D008297:Male; D062407:Meals; D008875:Middle Aged; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D050177:Overweight / Q000503:physiopathology; D018532:Pisum sativum / Q000737:chemistry; D014674:Plant Proteins, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019518:Postprandial Period; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D015387:Egg Proteins, Dietary; D007328:Insulin; D008894:Milk Proteins; D014674:Plant Proteins, Dietary; D011134:Polysaccharides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C008315:maltodextrin; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D005934:Glucagon