title: UPLC-Q/TOF MS standardized Chinese formula Xin-Ke-Shu for the treatment of atherosclerosis in a rabbit model.
abstract: Xin-Ke-Shu (XKS), a patent traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation, has been commonly used for the treatment of coronary heart disease in China. In order to understand its mechanism of action, a metabonomic approach based on ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF MS) was utilized to profile the plasma metabolic fingerprints of atherosclerosis (AS) rabbits with and without XKS treatment. The metabolic profile of model group clearly separated from normal, and that of XKS group was closer to the control group. Metabolites with significant changes during atherosclerosis were characterized as potential biomarkers related to the development of atherosclerosis by using orthogonal partial least-squares-discriminate analysis (OPLS-DA). Twenty potential biomarkers, including l-acetylcarnitine (1), propionylcarnitine (2), unknown (3), phytosphingosine (4), glycoursodeoxycholic acid (5), LPC(14:0) (6), sphinganine (7), LPC(20:5) (8), LPC(16:1) (9), LPC(18:2) (10), LPC(18:3) (11), LPC(22:5) (12), LPC(16:0) (13), LPC(18:1) (14), LPC(22:4) (15), LPC(17:0) (16), LPC(20:2) (17), elaidic carnitine (18), LPC(18:0) (19) and LPC(20:1) (20), were identified by their accurate mass and MS(E) spectra. The derivations of those biomarkers can be regulated by administration of XKS, which suggested that the intervention effect of XKS against AS may involve in regulating the lipid perturbation including fatty acid β-oxidation pathway, sphingolipid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism and bile acid biosynthesis. This study indicated that the UPLC-Q/TOF MS-based metabonomics not only gave a systematic view of the pathomechanism of AS, but also provided a powerful tool to study the efficacy and mechanism of complex TCM prescriptions.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, PR China.
authors.forename: Yue-Tao
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, PR China.
authors.forename: Jing-Bo
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, PR China.
authors.forename: Hong-Mei
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, PR China.
authors.forename: Da-Yong
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, PR China.
authors.forename: Hong-Wu
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China. Electronic address: yucy@mail.buct.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Chang-Yuan
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, PR China. Electronic address: zmzou@implad.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Zhong-Mei
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Zou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000592:standards; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D055432:Metabolomics; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; C550102:xinkeshu
keywords: Atherosclerosis; Lipid pathways; Pharmacological action; Plasma metabonomics; Xin-Ke-Shu