title: Antibiotic usage in 2013 on a dairy CAFO in NY State, USA.
abstract: Antimicrobial resistance is threatening humans and animals worldwide. Biosecurity and 1-year usage of antibiotics on a dairy concentrated animal feeding operation (CAFO) in NY State, USA, were mapped: how much antibiotics were used, for what purpose, and whether any decrease could be warranted. Approximately 493 kg antibiotics was used, of which 376 kg was ionophores (monensin and lasalocides), 79 kg penicillin, 16.5 kg lincosamides, 8.0 kg aminoglycosides, 7.7 kg sulfamides, 3.4 kg cephalosporin, 2 kg macrolides, 0.7 kg amphenicols, and 0.1 kg fluoroquinolones. Usage reduction by 84% was realistic without compromising the animal welfare. Further reduction could be possible by improving the biosecurity and by utilizing antibiotic sensitivity testing.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Doane
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden.
authors.forename: Sirkku
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarenbo
keywords: antibiotic usage; biosecurity; dairy CAFO; ionophores; mastitis