title: Carboxymethylated-, hydroxypropylsulfonated- and quaternized xylan derivative films.
abstract: Under alkaline/water conditions carboxymethyl, 2-hydroxypropylsulfonate and trimethylammonium-2-hydroxypropyl groups were introduced into xylan in one step with the goal to prepare film specimens. The materials were characterized by NMR, SEC-MALS, TG/DTG/DTA, AFM and mechanical testing. The properties of triple, double and mono-substituted materials were compared. The numerical molar masses of the specimens were from 12.3 to 17.6 kg/mol with Mw/Mn from 1.27 to 1.34. The elastic modulus values are decreasing in order: xylan (X; 7354 MPa)>carboxymethyl xylan (CX; 6090MPa)>2-hydroxypropylsulfonate xylan (SX; 6000 MPa)>carboxymethyl/2-hydroxypropylsulfonate xylan (CSX; 4490 MPa)>quaternized xylan (QX; 3600 MPa)>carboxymethyl/quaternary/2-hydroxypropylsulfonate xylan (CQSX; 3380 MPa)>carboxymethyl/quaternary xylan (CQX; 2805 MPa). The onset temperatures of SX (214°C), CQSX (212°C), QSX (211°C) and CQX (207°C) were higher than for X (205°C). The roughness values of the film surfaces (3.634-18.667 nm) are higher on top than on the bottom of the specimen.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia. Electronic address: chemsimk@savba.sk.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Simkovic
authors.affiliation: Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovsky Square 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kelnar
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Iveta
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Uhliariková
authors.affiliation: Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole (CNR), Via E. Bassini 15, 20133 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Raniero
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mendichi
authors.affiliation: Louisiana Forest Products Development Center, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70894, USA.
authors.forename: Anurag
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mandalika
authors.affiliation: USDA-Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2500 Shreveport Highway, Pineville, LA 71360, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Elder
mesh_terms: D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D008745:Methylation; D013451:Sulfonic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties; D014990:Xylans / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D013451:Sulfonic Acids; D014990:Xylans
keywords: AFM; Films; Molar masses; Properties; Xylan