title: Genomic insights into the uncultured genus 'Candidatus Magnetobacterium' in the phylum Nitrospirae.
abstract: Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) of the genus 'Candidatus Magnetobacterium' in phylum Nitrospirae are of great interest because of the formation of hundreds of bullet-shaped magnetite magnetosomes in multiple bundles of chains per cell. These bacteria are worldwide distributed in aquatic environments and have important roles in the biogeochemical cycles of iron and sulfur. However, except for a few short genomic fragments, no genome data are available for this ecologically important genus, and little is known about their metabolic capacity owing to the lack of pure cultures. Here we report the first draft genome sequence of 3.42 Mb from an uncultivated strain tentatively named 'Ca. Magnetobacterium casensis' isolated from Lake Miyun, China. The genome sequence indicates an autotrophic lifestyle using the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway for CO2 fixation, which has not been described in any previously known MTB or Nitrospirae organisms. Pathways involved in the denitrification, sulfur oxidation and sulfate reduction have been predicted, indicating its considerable capacity for adaptation to variable geochemical conditions and roles in local biogeochemical cycles. Moreover, we have identified a complete magnetosome gene island containing mam, mad and a set of novel genes (named as man genes) putatively responsible for the formation of bullet-shaped magnetite magnetosomes and the arrangement of multiple magnetosome chains. This first comprehensive genomic analysis sheds light on the physiology, ecology and biomineralization of the poorly understood 'Ca. Magnetobacterium' genus.
authors.affiliation: 1] Biogeomagnetism Group, Paleomagnetism and Geochronology Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Earth's Deep Interior, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China [2] France-China Bio-Mineralization and Nano-Structures Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.identifier: 0000000340757414
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Aihua
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
authors.forename: Zhang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 1] France-China Bio-Mineralization and Nano-Structures Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China [2] State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Laboratoire International Associe Franco-Chinois de Bio-Mineralisation et Nano-Structures, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Tingyi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: 1] France-China Bio-Mineralization and Nano-Structures Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China [2] Laboratoire de Chimie Bactérienne, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Marseille Cedex 20, France.
authors.forename: Long-Fei
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: 1] Biogeomagnetism Group, Paleomagnetism and Geochronology Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Earth's Deep Interior, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China [2] France-China Bio-Mineralization and Nano-Structures Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yongxin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D057486:Carbon Cycle / Q000235:genetics; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D044404:Genomic Islands; D023281:Genomics; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism; D055944:Magnetosomes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D013455:Sulfur / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D013455:Sulfur; D007501:Iron; D009584:Nitrogen; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide