title: Commercial herbal slimming products: concern for the presence of heavy metals and bacteria.
abstract: The increment of rate in obesity, the phenomenon of fat phobia as well as the increased use of herbal medicine had lead to the emergence of herbal slimming products. However, numerous bacteria and heavy metal contaminations are often found in herbal products due to irregular handling practices. Ten different brands of products (labeled as A-J) were investigated. Seven heavy metals content such as As, Cd, Pb, Co, Cr, Cu and Zn were analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and bacterial presence was determined by counting the total aerobic count. The identification of isolates was carried out by macroscopic and microscopic observation, biochemical tests and confirmation using commercial kits of Microgen GN-ID A+B and API 20 E. The heavy metal contents in the samples were below the limit of the standard limitation by WHO and Health Canada. However, sample A contained the highest total daily intake of heavy metals. Total aerobic count was highest in sample H followed by G, A, B, C, F, D, E, I and J in which G and H exceeded the standard total aerobic count (10(5) CFU g(-1)) as given by WHO. A total of nine isolates of Bacillus spp. and ten gram-negative bacteria were isolated in which Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were found in samples C and F, respectively. Considering the fact that the herbal sliming products contained low concentration of heavy metals and bacteria count, it should be consumed with caution.
authors.forename: Noraziah Mohamad
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Zin
authors.forename: Yong Mei
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Chit
authors.forename: Nur Faizah
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Abu Bakar
mesh_terms: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004340:Drug Contamination; D005526:Food, Formulated / Q000032:analysis* / Q000382:microbiology*; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D028321:Plant Preparations