title: Prevalence of behavioral inhibition among preschool aged children in Tehran, Iran.
abstract: One of the identified risk factors for anxiety disorders in adolescence and adulthood is inhibited behaviors in childhood. The present study sought to examine the relationship between behavioral inhibition with some of the internal (personal) and external (family environment) factors in a sample of preschool children in kindergartens. In a cross sectional study in 2009, data was collected trough a structured questionnaire completed by parents and teachers in day-care centers. A total of 1403 children were assessed. Analysis was performed through complex sample analysis. The results showed that 7.4% (CI95%= 6.1%-9.1%) of children according to parents' and 8.1% (CI95%= 6%- 10.7%) according to teachers' evaluation classified as behaviorally inhibited. The higher levels of behavioral inhibition were shown by girls, first children, single parent families and older children. Birth year before 2004, birth rank, living in a single parent family and maternal level of education were independent predictors for behavioral inhibition in logistic regression modeling. There is relatively high prevalence of inhibited behaviors among Iranian children. Further examination of diagnosed children with behavioral inhibition by experienced psychiatrists is needed. Also establishing consultation centers for behaviorally inhibited children and instructing their parents and teachers are recommended.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran meysamie@tums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Alipasha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meysamie
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ghaletacki@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ghalehtaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran borjian@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Amin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Borjian
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran daeshvar@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Daneshvar-fard
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran mohammadi@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Mohammadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran sabhooi@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Farzaneh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Saboohi
mesh_terms: D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires