title: Melanocortin 4 receptors in autonomic neurons regulate thermogenesis and glycemia.
abstract: Whether melanocortin 4 receptors (MC4Rs) in extra-hypothalamic neurons, including cholinergic autonomic pre-ganglionic neurons, are required to control energy and glucose homeostasis is unclear. We found that MC4Rs in sympathetic, but not parasympathetic, pre-ganglionic neurons were required to regulate energy expenditure and body weight, including thermogenic responses to diet and cold exposure and 'beiging' of white adipose tissue. Deletion of Mc4r genes in both sympathetic and parasympathetic cholinergic neurons impaired glucose homeostasis.
authors.affiliation: 1] Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA. [2].
authors.forename: Eric D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Berglund
authors.affiliation: 1] Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA. [2].
authors.forename: Tiemin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: 1] Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [2].
authors.forename: Xingxing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Woo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Linh
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vong
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhuo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Charlotte E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Syann
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: David P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Olson
authors.affiliation: Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Philipp E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Scherer
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Bradford B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Lowell
authors.affiliation: 1] Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA. [2] Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Joel K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Elmquist
mesh_terms: D002001:Adipose Tissue, Brown / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000502:physiology*; D003080:Cold Temperature; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D044105:Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4 / Q000502:physiology*; D013395:Sucrose / Q000494:pharmacology; D022722:Thermogenesis / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D044105:Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4; D013395:Sucrose