title: Guidelines for the use of NBCA in vascular embolization devised by the Committee of Practice Guidelines of the Japanese Society of Interventional Radiology (CGJSIR), 2012 edition.
abstract: Cyanoacrylates are a group of fast-acting adhesives. They form low viscosity liquids in the monomer state and instantly polymerize to become adhesive upon contact with ionic substances. Since the 1950s, they have been used around the world for industrial and household purposes. N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) is a cyanoacrylate that is commonly used for medical care, and the closure of skin wounds with NBCA has been found to promote hemostasis. However, in Japan, the intravascular injection of NBCA is considered to be off-label use, except during the treatment of gastric varices under endoscopy. The use of NBCA in embolotherapy is considered when the target vessels cannot be cannulated superselectively, for vascular diseases that require long segments of the target vessel to be embolized, or for patients in a hypocoagulable state. NBCA-based embolotherapy can be used to treat vascular malformations, acute hemorrhaging, tumors, and venous disease. The complications associated with NBCA-based embolotherapy include tissue ischemia, hemorrhaging, systemic or local reactions, and catheter adhesion to blood vessels. NBCA is mixed with Lipiodol to make it radiopaque and to adjust its polymerization time. Since there are various technical aspects to performing NBCA-based embolotherapy safely, it should be carried out by, or with the assistance of, proficient interventional radiologists.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, North Medical Center, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 481, Otokoyama, Yosanocho, Yosagun, Kyoto, 629-2261, Japan, yotake62@qg8.so-net.ne.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Morishita
authors.forename: Yozo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hamaguchi
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tokue
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yonemitsu
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Hiroyasu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: Keitaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sofue
authors.forename: Toshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Higashihara
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Morio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D004659:Enbucrilate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D015642:Radiology, Interventional / Q000379:methods*; D012955:Societies, Medical; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D054079:Vascular Malformations / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D004659:Enbucrilate