title: Prevalence and correlates of insomnia and excessive sleepiness in adults with obstructive sleep apnea symptoms.
abstract: This study investigated the prevalence and correlates of insomnia and excessive sleepiness in adults presenting symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in the general population. Randomly selected participants (N = 1,502; 50.7% men, 49.3% women), ages 40 to 70 yr. (M = 53.6, SD = 8.5) were interviewed over the telephone. Insomnia and excessive sleepiness (hypersomnia) were assessed with the Bergen Insomnia Scale and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, respectively. OSA symptoms were identified by self- or spouse reports on snoring, breathing cessations during sleep, and being tired or sleepy. The prevalence of OSA was 6.2%. Among these participants with OSA, 57.6% reported insomnia and 30.1% reported excessive sleepiness. Furthermore, OSA symptoms were associated with self-reported obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and depression, but only in participants with comorbid insomnia or excessive sleepiness.
authors.forename: Bjørn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bjorvatn
authors.forename: Ståle
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pallesen
authors.forename: Janne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grønli
authors.forename: Børge
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sivertsen
authors.forename: Sverre
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lehmann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015897:Comorbidity; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology; D006970:Disorders of Excessive Somnolence / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*