title: Enhanced bioactivity of polyvinylidene chloride films using argon ion bombardment for guided bone regeneration.
abstract: Polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) is a long chain carbon synthetic polymer. The objective of this study was to improve the bioactivity of PVDC films through surface modification using argon (Ar) ion bombardment to create Ar-modified PVDC films (Ar-PVDC) to address the clinical problems of guided bone regeneration (GBR), which is technique-sensitive, and low bone regenerative ability. First, the effects of Ar ion bombardment, a low temperature plasma etching technique widely used in industry, on PVDC film wettability, surface chemistry, and morphology were confirmed. Next, fibroblast-like and osteoblast-like cell attachment and proliferation on Ar-PVDC were assessed. As a preclinical in vivo study, Ar-PVDC was used to cover a critical-sized bone defect on rat calvaria and osteoconductivity was evaluated by micro-computed tomography analysis and histological examinations. We found that the contact angle of PVDC film decreased by 50° because of the production of -OH groups on the PVDC film surface, though surface morphological was unchanged at 30 min after Ar ion bombardment. We demonstrated that cell attachment increased by about 40% and proliferation by more than 140% because of increased wettability, and 2.4 times greater bone regeneration was observed at week 3 with Ar-PVDC compared with untreated PVDC films. These results suggest that Ar ion bombardment modification of PVDC surfaces improves osteoconductivity, indicating its potential to increase bone deposition during GBR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, 2-11 Suemori-Dori, Chikusa-Ku, Nagoya, 464-8651, Japan, kobaschu@dpc.agu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Shuichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Tatsuhide
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asakura
authors.forename: Soichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hamajima
authors.forename: Yamato
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Eijiro
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Okabe
authors.forename: Mayu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawase
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.forename: Tatsushi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: Toshihide
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Noguchi
mesh_terms: D001128:Argon; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013499:Surface Properties; D017155:Wettability; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography
chemical_list: D001128:Argon; C029547:polyvinylidene chloride; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride