title: Portable, fully autonomous, ion chromatography system for on-site analyses.
abstract: The basic operating principles of a portable, fully autonomous, ion chromatography system are described. The system affords the user the ability to collect and analyze samples continuously for 27 days, or about 1930 injections before needing any user intervention. Within the 13 kg system, is a fully computer controlled autosampling, chromatography and data acquisition system. An eluent reflux device (ERD), which integrates eluent suppression and generation in a single multi-chambered device, is used to minimize eluent consumption. During operation, about 1 μL of water per minute is lost to waste while operating standard-bore chromatography at 0.5 mL min(-1) due to eluent refluxing. Over the course of 27 days, about 100mL of rinse water is consumed, effectively eliminating waste production. Data showing the reproducibility (below 1% relative standard deviation over 14 days) of the device is also presented. Chromatographic analyses of common anions (Cl(-), NO3(-), SO4(2-), PO4(3-)), is accomplished in under 15 min using a low backpressure guard column with ∼ 25 mM KOH isocratic elution. For detection, a small capacitively-coupled contactless conductivity detector (C4D) is employed, able to report analytes in the sub to low micromolar range. Preconcentration of the injected samples gives a 50-fold decrease in detection limits, primarily utilized for in-situ detection of phosphate (LOQ 10 μg L(-1)). Field analyses are shown for multiple on-site analyses of stream water indifferent weather conditions.
authors.affiliation: Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Institute for Environmental Science, Fougnerbakken 3, 1432 Ås, Norway. Electronic address: kyle.elkin@nmbu.no.
authors.forename: Kyle R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Elkin
mesh_terms: D000838:Anions / Q000032:analysis; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange / Q000592:standards*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000838:Anions; D014867:Water
keywords: Eluent reflux; Environmental analysis; Ion chromatography; Mobile laboratory; Portable instrumentation