title: Radiofrequency ablation for chronic radiation proctitis: our initial experience with four cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic radiation proctitis (CRP) occurs up to 20 % of patients after pelvic radiotherapy, with rectal bleeding as the main presenting complaint. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has recently been used in the management of Barrett's esophagus, but its efficacy in CRP has to be studied. The aim of this case series was to describe four cases of patients with CRP treated with RFA that demonstrate the efficacy and safety of the technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  All the procedures were performed with HALO 90 or HALO 90 Ultra ablation catheter fitted on the distal end of a standard flexible endoscope. For each patient, the severity of symptoms was assessed at baseline and after the last treatment session.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At least two sessions of RFA (maximum 4) were necessary, at three-month intervals, to completely control the symptoms. No major complications were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RFA was effective and safe for control bleeding in this case series. Adequately powered randomized controlled trials are needed to establish the safety and efficacy of RFA for CRP.
authors.affiliation: Digestive Endoscopic Unit, New Civil Hospital S. Agostino Estense, Baggiovara, Modena, Italy, flaviapigo@virgilio.it.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pigò
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bertani
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manno
authors.forename: V G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Mirante
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caruso
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Conigliaro
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003113:Colonoscopy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011349:Proctitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D012007:Rectum / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects* / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome