title: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency A- variant in febrile patients in Haiti.
abstract: Haiti is one of two remaining malaria-endemic countries in the Caribbean. To decrease malaria transmission in Haiti, primaquine was recently added to the malaria treatment public health policy. One limitation of primaquine is that, at certain doses, primaquine can cause hemolytic anemia in individuals with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency (G6PDd). In this study, we genotyped two mutations (A376G and G202A), which confer the most common G6PDd variant in West African populations, G6PDd A-. We estimated the frequency of G6PDd A- in a sample of febrile patients enrolled in an on-going malaria study who represent a potential target population for a primaquine mass drug administration. We found that 33 of 168 individuals carried the G6PDd A- allele (includes A- hemizygous males, A- homozygous or heterozygous females) and could experience toxicity if treated with primaquine. These data inform discussions on safe and effective primaquine dosing and future malaria elimination strategies for Haiti.
authors.affiliation: Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Hospital Saint Croix, Leogane, Haiti; Blanchard Clinic, Terre Noire, Haiti tamarec@ufl.edu.
authors.forename: Tamar E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.affiliation: Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Hospital Saint Croix, Leogane, Haiti; Blanchard Clinic, Terre Noire, Haiti.
authors.forename: Halley
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maloy
authors.affiliation: Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Hospital Saint Croix, Leogane, Haiti; Blanchard Clinic, Terre Noire, Haiti.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: von Fricken
authors.affiliation: Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Hospital Saint Croix, Leogane, Haiti; Blanchard Clinic, Terre Noire, Haiti.
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: St Victor
authors.affiliation: Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Hospital Saint Croix, Leogane, Haiti; Blanchard Clinic, Terre Noire, Haiti.
authors.forename: Jean R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Romain
authors.affiliation: Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Hospital Saint Croix, Leogane, Haiti; Blanchard Clinic, Terre Noire, Haiti.
authors.forename: Bernard A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Okech
authors.affiliation: Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Hospital Saint Croix, Leogane, Haiti; Blanchard Clinic, Terre Noire, Haiti.
authors.forename: Connie J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Mulligan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000483:Alleles; D000743:Anemia, Hemolytic / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D000075202:Contraindications; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005955:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D006205:Haiti; D006579:Heterozygote; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D011319:Primaquine / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; D011319:Primaquine