title: Reclaiming the spent alkaline zinc manganese dioxide batteries collected from the manufacturers to prepare valuable electrolytic zinc and LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 materials.
abstract: A process for reclaiming the materials in spent alkaline zinc manganese dioxide (Zn-Mn) batteries collected from the manufacturers to prepare valuable electrolytic zinc and LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 materials is presented. After dismantling battery cans, the iron cans, covers, electric rods, organic separator, label, sealing materials, and electrolyte are separated through the washing, magnetic separation, filtrating, and sieving operations. Then, the powder residues react with H2SO4 (2 mol L(-1)) solution to dissolve zinc under a liquid/solid ratio of 3:1 at room temperature, and subsequently, the electrolytic Zn with purity of ⩾99.8% is recovered in an electrolytic cell with a cathode efficiency of ⩾85% under the conditions of 37-40°C and 300 A m(-2). The most of MnO2 and a small quantity of electrolytic MnO2 are recovered from the filtration residue and the electrodeposit on the anode of electrolytic cell, respectively. The recovered manganese oxides are used to synthesize LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 material of lithium-ion battery. The as-synthesized LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 discharges 118.3 mAh g(-1) capacity and 4.7 V voltage plateau, which is comparable to the sample synthesized using commercial electrolytic MnO2. This process can recover the substances in the spent Zn-Mn batteries and innocuously treat the wastewaters, indicating that it is environmentally acceptable and applicable.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Key Laboratory of the Energy Conversion and Energy Storage Materials of Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
authors.forename: Ya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Key Laboratory of the Energy Conversion and Energy Storage Materials of Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Key Laboratory of the Energy Conversion and Energy Storage Materials of Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaoxi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Key Laboratory of the Energy Conversion and Energy Storage Materials of Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
authors.forename: Shanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Key Laboratory of the Energy Conversion and Energy Storage Materials of Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
authors.forename: Keshui
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Key Laboratory of the Energy Conversion and Energy Storage Materials of Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Key Laboratory of the Energy Conversion and Energy Storage Materials of Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510006, PR China. Electronic address: jmnan@scnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Junmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nan
mesh_terms: D011211:Electric Power Supplies; D004572:Electrolysis; D059029:Electronic Waste / Q000032:analysis*; D008094:Lithium / Q000737:chemistry; D017895:Manganese Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D059027:Recycling / Q000379:methods*; D018505:Waste Management / Q000379:methods*; D015032:Zinc / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D017895:Manganese Compounds; D008094:Lithium; D015032:Zinc
keywords: Electrolytic zinc; LiNi(0.5)Mn(1.5)O(4); Reclaiming process; Spent battery; Zinc manganese dioxide battery