title: Severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia is associated with higher fluid intake in very low-birth-weight infants: a retrospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to investigate the association between fluid intake in the first 4 days of life and the subsequent severity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in very low-birth-weight infants (VLBWI).
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective chart review of 75 infants with a gestational age of less than 32 weeks and a birth weight of < 1,500 g was performed. Demographic, clinical data, associated maternal risk factors, and amount of fluid received in the first 4 days of life were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Severe BPD was associated with a lower gestational age (27.04 ± 2.073 wks vs. 28.70 ± 1.706 wks, p=0.001), lower birth weight (981.44 ± 244.54 vs. 1,199.63 ± 165.39 g, p < 0.001), use of surfactant (91.7 vs. 63%, p=0.002), patent ductus arteriousus (PDA) (70.8 vs. 37%, p=0.004), pulmonary hemorrhage (14.6 vs. 0%, p=0.045), and more fluids received from the 2nd to 4th days of life (346.44 ± 42.38 mL/kg vs. 323.91 ± 27.62 mL/kg, p=0.007). A cut off point of 345 mL/kg of fluids from the 2nd to 4th days of life was selected using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, and remained a significant risk factor even after multiple logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings demonstrate that VLBWI who received higher fluid intake from the 2nd to 4th days of life are at an increased risk of developing severe BPD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Mindy Ming-Huey
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Laboratory Technology, Min-Hwei College of Health Care Management, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ching-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Feng-Shun
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Cheng
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsin-Chun
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Mei-Yung
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009099:Multiple Birth Offspring; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index