title: Effects of human β-defensin-3 on biofilm formation‑regulating genes dltB and icaA in Staphylococcus aureus.
abstract: An understanding of the regulatory mechanisms that drive Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation may lead to the development of an effective strategy to control the increasing number of refractory clinical infections it causes. The present study examined the effects of the antimicrobial agent human β‑defensin 3 (hBD‑3) and the antibiotics vancomycin and clindamycin on the expression of the S. aureus biofilm formation‑regulating genes, icaA and dltB, during bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. Transcription (mRNA) levels of dlt and ica genes were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and slimes of S. aureus biofilm were examined with confocal scanning laser microscopy during S. aureus adhesion and biofilm formation. Although hBD‑3, vancomycin and clindamycin led to significantly attenuated biofilm formation, their treatment‑associated effects on the mRNA expression of dlt and ica were not identical. Vancomycin and clindamycin induced sustained expression of the dlt and ica genes, which may be harnessed to induce biofilm formation. However, hBD‑3 did not have a significant affect on the transcription level of dltB during either bacterial adhesion or biofilm formation. Therefore, the mechanism of hBD‑3 that regulated the suppression of biofilm formation appears to differ from the mechanisms of vancomycin and clindamycin.
authors.affiliation: Trauma Center of Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 404100, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Trauma Center of Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 404100, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fei
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Department, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 404100, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hong-Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 404100, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yuan-Bin
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Gou
authors.affiliation: Trauma Center of Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 404100, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xian-Kai
authors.initials: XK
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D002981:Clindamycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D023083:beta-Defensins / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C422950:DEFB103A protein, human; C118498:DltB protein, Staphylococcus; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D023083:beta-Defensins; D002981:Clindamycin; D014640:Vancomycin