title: Clinicoradiologic evaluation of Eagle's syndrome and its management.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Eagle's syndrome (Elongated styloid process) is often misdiagnosed due to its vague symptomatology. The diagnosis relies on detail history taking, palpation of styloid process in tonsillar fossa and imaging modalities.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the length and medial angulation of elongated styloid process with the help of three dimensional computed tomography (3D CT) scan and to describe our clinical and surgical experience with patients suffering from Eagle's syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, analytical study conducted from August 2011 to August 2012 among 39 patients with Eagle's syndrome. Detailed history taking, clinical examination and 3D CT scan was performed. Length and medial angulation was calculated. Patients with styloid process length longer than 2.50 cm underwent surgical excision via intraoral approach. Medial angulation of styloid process on both sides was correlated with each other using rank correlation coefficient. Wilcoxon Signed Rank test was applied to test significant difference between pre-operative and postoperative symptoms scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant positive correlation was found between the medial angulation of styloid process on right side and left side (? =0.81, p<0.001). Significant difference was also observed between pre and post-operative symptoms scores (z=-5.16, p<0.001) .
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Possibility of Eagle's syndrome should always be considered while examining patients with vague neck pain. 3D CT reconstruction is a gold standard investigation which helps in studying the relation of styloid process with surrounding structures along with accurate measurement of its length and medial angulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, Dhulikhel Hospital-Kathmandu University Hospital Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pokharel
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Dhulikhel Hospital-Kathmandu University Hospital Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karki
authors.affiliation: Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, Dhulikhel Hospital-Kathmandu University Hospital Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shrestha
authors.affiliation: Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, Dhulikhel Hospital-Kathmandu University Hospital Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal.
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Shrestha
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Dhulikhel Hospital-Kathmandu University Hospital Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Khanal
authors.affiliation: Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, Dhulikhel Hospital-Kathmandu University Hospital Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal.
authors.forename: R C M
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Amatya
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008487:Medical History Taking; D009999:Ossification, Heterotopic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D010173:Palpation; D010808:Physical Examination; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed