title: Slowing Amazon deforestation through public policy and interventions in beef and soy supply chains.
abstract: The recent 70% decline in deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon suggests that it is possible to manage the advance of a vast agricultural frontier. Enforcement of laws, interventions in soy and beef supply chains, restrictions on access to credit, and expansion of protected areas appear to have contributed to this decline, as did a decline in the demand for new deforestation. The supply chain interventions that fed into this deceleration are precariously dependent on corporate risk management, and public policies have relied excessively on punitive measures. Systems for delivering positive incentives for farmers to forgo deforestation have been designed but not fully implemented. Territorial approaches to deforestation have been effective and could consolidate progress in slowing deforestation while providing a framework for addressing other important dimensions of sustainable development.
authors.affiliation: Earth Innovation Institute, 3180 18th Street, Suite 205, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA. dnepstad@earthinnovation.org.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nepstad
authors.affiliation: Earth Innovation Institute, 3180 18th Street, Suite 205, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA. Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Bairro Fátima CEP 68040-470 Santarém, Pará, Brasil.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McGrath
authors.affiliation: Earth Innovation Institute, 3180 18th Street, Suite 205, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stickler
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazônia, SHIN CA 5, Bloco J2, Sala 309, Bairro, Lago Norte, Brasília-DF 71503-505.
authors.forename: Ane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alencar
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazônia, SHIN CA 5, Bloco J2, Sala 309, Bairro, Lago Norte, Brasília-DF 71503-505.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Azevedo
authors.affiliation: Earth Innovation Institute, 3180 18th Street, Suite 205, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
authors.forename: Briana
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Swette
authors.affiliation: Earth Innovation Institute, 3180 18th Street, Suite 205, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
authors.forename: Tathiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bezerra
authors.affiliation: Earth Innovation Institute, 3180 18th Street, Suite 205, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: DiGiano
authors.affiliation: Earth Innovation Institute, 3180 18th Street, Suite 205, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
authors.forename: João
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.affiliation: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
authors.forename: Ronaldo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Seroa da Motta
authors.affiliation: Earth Innovation Institute, 3180 18th Street, Suite 205, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Armijo
authors.affiliation: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
authors.forename: Leandro
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Castello
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazônia, SHIN CA 5, Bloco J2, Sala 309, Bairro, Lago Norte, Brasília-DF 71503-505. Carnegie Institution for Science, 260 Panama Street, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brando
authors.affiliation: University of Maryland Department of Geographical Sciences, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
authors.forename: Matt C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.affiliation: Earth Innovation Institute, 3180 18th Street, Suite 205, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McGrath-Horn
authors.affiliation: Earth Innovation Institute, 3180 18th Street, Suite 205, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
authors.forename: Oswaldo
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Earth Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-3060, USA.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hess
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D002417:Cattle; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D008460:Meat / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D011640:Public Policy; D013025:Glycine max / Q000600:supply & distribution*