title: The anti-inflammatory impact of omega-3 polyunsaturated Fatty acids during the establishment of endometriosis-like lesions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The anti-inflammatory impact of three polyunsaturated fatty acids (3-PUFA) in endometriosis is incompletely understood. The effect of 3-PUFA on endometriosis-like lesions is evaluated as a potential anti-inflammatory treatment target.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wild Type (WT) and transgenic Fat-1 mice (high levels of endogenous 3-PUFA) were utilized in a uterine tissue transplant endometriosis model. Experimental donor×host pairs included: WT×WT (WW), WT×Fat-1 (WF), and Fat-1×Fat-1 (FF). Cytokine content (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17A, IFN-γ, TNF-γ, MCP-1 and RANTES) and immunocellular composition in lesions was determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intralesion IL-6 in WF hosts was 99-fold lower than WW hosts (P=0.03). Compared to WW host lesions, Cox-2 levels were decreased in WF [1.5-fold (P=0.02)] and FF [1.2-fold (P=0.01)] host lesions, respectively, and intralesion VEGF expression was increased [1.8-fold; P=0.02 (WF) and 1.5-fold; P=0.01 (FF)]. Lesions in FF hosts demonstrated reduced phosphohistone 3 expression (70%; P=0.03) compared to WW control hosts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Systemic host 3-PUFA levels influence immune, angiogenic, and proliferative factors implicated in the early establishment of endometriosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harvard Vanguard Medical Associates, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Jill A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Attaman
authors.forename: Aleksandar K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Stanic
authors.forename: Minji
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Maureen P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.forename: Bo R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Rueda
authors.forename: Aaron K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Styer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D004032:Diet; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D007249:Inflammation / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000188:drug therapy; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000032:analysis; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014599:Uterus / Q000637:transplantation; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C467480:vascular endothelial growth factor A, mouse; C077623:Ptgs2 protein, mouse; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2
keywords: Cyclooxygenase-2; endometriosis; immune; interleukin-6; omega-3 fatty acids; polyunsaturated fatty acids