title: Biocatalytic and antimicrobial activities of gold nanoparticles synthesized by Trichoderma sp.
abstract: The aim of this work was to synthesize gold nanoparticles by Trichoderma viride and Hypocrea lixii. The biosynthesis of the nanoparticles was very rapid and took 10 min at 30 °C when cell-free extract of the T. viride was used, which was similar by H. lixii but at 100 °C. Biomolecules present in cell free extracts of both fungi were capable to synthesize and stabilize the formed particles. Synthesis procedure was very quick and environment friendly which did not require subsequent processing. The biosynthesized nanoparticles served as an efficient biocatalyst which reduced 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol in the presence of NaBH₄ and had antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of such rapid biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles within 10 min by Trichoderma having plant growth promoting and plant pathogen control abilities, which served both, as an efficient biocatalyst, and a potent antimicrobial agent.
authors.affiliation: Division of Plant Microbe Interactions, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India.
authors.forename: Aradhana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.affiliation: Division of Plant Microbe Interactions, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India.
authors.forename: Madhuree
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kumari
authors.affiliation: Division of Plant Microbe Interactions, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India.
authors.forename: Shipra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.affiliation: Division of Plant Microbe Interactions, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India.
authors.forename: Vasvi
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chaudhry
authors.affiliation: CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, 80, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Qaiserbagh, Lucknow 226001, India.
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Division of Plant Microbe Interactions, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India. Electronic address: nautiyalnbri@lycos.com.
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Nautiyal
mesh_terms: D000627:Aminophenols / Q000378:metabolism; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D053898:Biosynthetic Pathways / Q000502:physiology*; D002384:Catalysis; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D035901:Hypocrea / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D007700:Kinetics; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D009596:Nitrophenols / Q000378:metabolism; D014242:Trichoderma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000627:Aminophenols; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D009596:Nitrophenols; D006046:Gold; C026729:4-aminophenol; C024836:4-nitrophenol
keywords: Biocatalyst; Biosynthesis; Gold nanoparticles; Hypocrea lixii; Trichoderma viride