title: Screening for ADHD in a Sample of Egyptian Adolescent School Students.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To screen for ADHD in a sample of Egyptian adolescent students, and study the distribution of different subtypes of ADHD, associated comorbidities, and sociodemographic correlates.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 925 adolescents were randomly selected and screened by the Conners-Wells' Adolescent Self-Report Scale-Short form (CASS:S), and potential cases were further assessed by the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime versions (K-SADS-PL).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 87 students (9.4%) had potential ADHD diagnosis with evident preponderance in boys (13.8%, n = 58) than in girls (5.8%, n = 29) with a ratio of 2:1 ( p = .000, χ2= 17.328). The hyperactive-impulsive subtype comprised the majority of cases (54.7%, n = 41). Psychiatric comorbidity was invariably present (85.1%, n = 74). Nearly half the cases had poor academic achievement (43.7%, n = 34). Positive correlates included family history of psychiatric disorders, the order of birth, and parental disharmony.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ADHD is prevalent in Egyptian adolescents and is associated with high psychiatric comorbidity and a pronounced effect on academic performance.
authors.affiliation: 1 Instititute of Psychiatry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Zienab
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bishry
authors.affiliation: 1 Instititute of Psychiatry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Hisham A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Ramy
authors.affiliation: 1 Instititute of Psychiatry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Heba H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: El-Shahawi
authors.affiliation: 1 Instititute of Psychiatry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mona M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: El-Sheikh
authors.affiliation: 1 Instititute of Psychiatry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: El-Missiry
authors.affiliation: 1 Instititute of Psychiatry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Marwa A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: El-Missiry
mesh_terms: D000073978:Academic Performance; D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D004534:Egypt / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000150:complications; D010290:Parents; D015995:Prevalence; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D017678:Sex Distribution
keywords: CASS:Short; K-SADS; adolescence ADHD; comorbidity; screening