title: Black hole restenosis after drug-eluting stent implantation for in-stent restenosis: potential mechanism and optimal strategy.
abstract: In-stent restenosis (ISR) has long remained as the major limitation of coronary stenting. The use of drug-eluting stent (DES) reduces the risk of repeat revascularization without an increase of death and myocardial infarction, compared to the standard bare metal stents. DES has also demonstrated markedly to reduce ISR for complex lesions. However, ISR after DES implantation still occurs and optimal treatment for ISR after DES has not been established. Herein, we report 3 cases with black hole restenosis confirmed by intravascular ultrasound at the site of overlapped DES and discuss potential mechanism and optimal strategy for this phenomenon.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka Wajiro Hospital, 2-2-75, Wajirogaoka, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 811-0213, Japan. yotsuka@f-wajirohp.jp.
authors.forename: Yoritaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Otsuka
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka Wajiro Hospital, 2-2-75, Wajirogaoka, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 811-0213, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murata
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka Wajiro Hospital, 2-2-75, Wajirogaoka, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 811-0213, Japan.
authors.forename: Michiaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kono
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka Wajiro Hospital, 2-2-75, Wajirogaoka, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 811-0213, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Imoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka Wajiro Hospital, 2-2-75, Wajirogaoka, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 811-0213, Japan.
authors.forename: Taku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka Wajiro Hospital, 2-2-75, Wajirogaoka, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 811-0213, Japan.
authors.forename: Keita
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka Wajiro Hospital, 2-2-75, Wajirogaoka, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 811-0213, Japan.
authors.forename: Sunao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kadama
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka Wajiro Hospital, 2-2-75, Wajirogaoka, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 811-0213, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Noguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka Wajiro Hospital, 2-2-75, Wajirogaoka, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 811-0213, Japan.
authors.forename: Taro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D012086:Reoperation; D020123:Sirolimus; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional
chemical_list: D020123:Sirolimus
keywords: Drug-eluting stent; Percutaneous coronary intervention; Restenosis