title: An integrated approach to individualized optimal dose estimation of medication by means of dosing adjustment measures and Bi-Digital O-Ring Test.
abstract: Posology concerns science and system of dosage. Conventionally the dosage systems of measurement are the apothecaries' and metric systems and the dosage calculation for each individual patient has been suggested according to several available methods, namely Clark's Rule, Fried's Rule, Young's Rule, body surface area, or mg/kg, etc. There are many factors affect the availability of a drug to its site of action in the body, and their relation to the time course of drug action and variation in each drug response with or without the other drugs taken simultaneously. The correct dosage requires meticulous and accurate calculation. In busy offices, some may feel the dosage calculation is tedious. This article reviews the conventional methods of dosage calculations and the allergy tests, followed by describing a simple way to determine the proper dosage for each patient by simplifying the Clark's concept based on the body weight and verify the optimum dosage with Bi-Digital O-Ring Test minimize the adverse drug reactions and to increase safety for drug administration.
authors.forename: Dominic P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Omura
authors.forename: Wniston I
authors.initials: WI
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D004304:Dosage Forms; D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000266:history / Q000379:methods*; D054796:Drug Dosage Calculations / Q000266:history; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D004304:Dosage Forms