title: Vesicovaginal fistula: diagnosis and management.
abstract: Vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) is still a major cause for concern in many developing countries. It represents a significant morbidity in female urology. Continual wetness, odor, and discomfort cause serious social problems. The diagnosis of the condition has traditionally been based on clinical methods and dye testing. A successful repair of such fistulas requires an accurate diagnostic evaluation and timely repair using procedures that exploit basic surgical principles and the application of interposition flaps. The method of closure depends on the surgeon's training and experience. The main complication of VVF surgery is recurrent fistula formation.
authors.affiliation: N. Athinaion M.D. Hospital, Athens, Greece ; 11 Hydras Str., 16345, Ilioupoli, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stamatakos
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Ystad Hospital, Ystad, Sweden.
authors.forename: Constantina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sargedi
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, North Devon District Hospital, Barnstaple, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Theodora
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stasinou
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kontzoglou
keywords: Complications; Diagnosis; Surgical principles; VVF