title: Differential Diagnosis of Borderline Ovarian Tumors from Stage I Malignant Ovarian Tumors using FDG PET/CT.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) are more common in young women of reproductive age, and exhibit a better prognosis than malignant ovarian tumors (MOTs). Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) were compared in their ability to differentiate BOTs from stage I MOTs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Among 173 patients who had preoperative FDG PET/CT due to ovarian neoplasms between November 2006 and March 2009, there were 13 patients with BOTs or stage I MOTs. For differential diagnosis of the two tumors, cancer antigen-125 (CA-125) level, the longest diameter of tumors, metabolic indices including maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), and volumetric indices including metabolic tumor volume (MTV) were compared, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The BOT group (n = 7) was comprised of five mucinous and two serous tumors, and the MOT group (n = 6) was comprised of three endometrioid, two clear cell and one mucinous tumors. Among the comparisons between two groups, SUVmax of the BOT group was significantly lower than that of the MOT group (2.9 ± 1.5 vs. 6.6 ± 2.9, p = 0.0223); otherwise, no significant difference was found in age, CA-125, diameter, or MTV. By receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis, SUVmax of 3.7 was the best cutoff value to differentiate BOTs from stage I MOTs, with a sensitivity of 83.3 % and specificity of 85.7, and the area under curve of 0.893 (p = 0.0001, 95 % CI: 0.601∼0.993).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrated that SUVmax could distinguish BOTs from stage I MOTs, with a high sensitivity and specificity. Metabolic indices determined by FDG PET/CT were more suitable than volumetric indices for differential diagnosis of the two tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea.
authors.forename: Chulhan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Hoon
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, 20 Boramae-Ro-5-Gil, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 156-707 Seoul Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: So Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Keon Wook
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: June-Key
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, WCU Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Soo
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lee
keywords: Borderline ovarian tumor; FDG PET/CT; Metabolic tumor volume (MTV); Stage I malignant ovarian tumor; Standard uptake value (SUV)