title: Differences in job stress experienced by female and male Japanese psychiatric nurses.
abstract: In psychiatric nursing, female nurses tend to spend more time building rapport with patients and developing cooperative working relationships with colleagues; they encounter more sexual harassment by patients. In contrast, male nurses respond to aggressive patients and tend to resist physically caring for female patients; they encounter more physical and verbal assault from patients. These gender differences might result in differences in job-related stress. We quantitatively examined gender differences in psychiatric nurses' job stress. The Psychiatric Nurse Job Stressor Scale and the Stress Reaction Scale of the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire were administered to 159 female and 85 male Japanese psychiatric nurses. The results indicated that female nurses had significantly higher stress levels than males related to psychiatric nursing ability, attitude towards nursing, and stress reactions of fatigue and anxiety. Moreover, the factors affecting stress reactions differed somewhat between sexes. In particular, male nurses reported that greater irritability was affected by patients' attitudes. Their anxiety and somatic symptoms were affected by their attitude towards nursing, and depressed mood was affected by psychiatric nursing ability. Knowledge of these differences can lead to better mental health-care interventions for psychiatric nurses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Kumamoto Health Science University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Public Health, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Hironori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yada
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Hisamitsu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Omori
authors.forename: Hisae
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.forename: Otsubo
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Masaki
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katoh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D011568:Psychiatric Nursing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012737:Sex Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: mental health; occupational health; psychiatric nursing; psychological stress; workplace