title: Seminal quality prediction using data mining methods.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Now-a-days, some new classes of diseases have come into existences which are known as lifestyle diseases. The main reasons behind these diseases are changes in the lifestyle of people such as alcohol drinking, smoking, food habits etc. After going through the various lifestyle diseases, it has been found that the fertility rates (sperm quantity) in men has considerably been decreasing in last two decades. Lifestyle factors as well as environmental factors are mainly responsible for the change in the semen quality.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this paper is to identify the lifestyle and environmental features that affects the seminal quality and also fertility rate in man using data mining methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  The five artificial intelligence techniques such as Multilayer perceptron (MLP), Decision Tree (DT), Navie Bayes (Kernel), Support vector machine+Particle swarm optimization (SVM+PSO) and Support vector machine (SVM) have been applied on fertility dataset to evaluate the seminal quality and also to predict the person is either normal or having altered fertility rate. While the eight feature selection techniques such as support vector machine (SVM), neural network (NN), evolutionary logistic regression (LR), support vector machine plus particle swarm optimization (SVM+PSO), principle component analysis (PCA), chi-square test, correlation and T-test methods have been used to identify more relevant features which affect the seminal quality. These techniques are applied on fertility dataset which contains 100 instances with nine attribute with two classes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The experimental result shows that SVM+PSO provides higher accuracy and area under curve (AUC) rate (94% & 0.932) among multi-layer perceptron (MLP) (92% & 0.728), Support Vector Machines (91% & 0.758), Navie Bayes (Kernel) (89% & 0.850) and Decision Tree (89% & 0.735) for some of the seminal parameters. This paper also focuses on the feature selection process i.e. how to select the features which are more important for prediction of fertility rate. In this paper, eight feature selection methods are applied on fertility dataset to find out a set of good features. The investigational results shows that childish diseases (0.079) and high fever features (0.057) has less impact on fertility rate while age (0.8685), season (0.843), surgical intervention (0.7683), alcohol consumption (0.5992), smoking habit (0.575), number of hours spent on setting (0.4366) and accident (0.5973) features have more impact. It is also observed that feature selection methods increase the accuracy of above mentioned techniques (multilayer perceptron 92%, support vector machine 91%, SVM+PSO 94%, Navie Bayes (Kernel) 89% and decision tree 89%) as compared to without feature selection methods (multilayer perceptron 86%, support vector machine 86%, SVM+PSO 85%, Navie Bayes (Kernel) 83% and decision tree 84%) which shows the applicability of feature selection methods in prediction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This paper lightens the application of artificial techniques in medical domain. From this paper, it can be concluded that data mining methods can be used to predict a person with or without disease based on environmental and lifestyle parameters/features rather than undergoing various medical test. In this paper, five data mining techniques are used to predict the fertility rate and among which SVM+PSO provide more accurate results than support vector machine and decision tree.
authors.affiliation: System Engineer, Infosys Technologies, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Anoop J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Sahoo
authors.affiliation: Department of Information Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi Jharkhand, India.
authors.forename: Yugal
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001185:Artificial Intelligence; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D057225:Data Mining; D003663:Decision Trees; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005298:Fertility / Q000502:physiology*; D005544:Forecasting / Q000379:methods; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D055101:Semen Analysis; D060388:Support Vector Machine
keywords: Particle swarm optimization; multilayer perceptron; seminal; support vector machine