title: Unusual phenotype of glucose transport protein type 1 deficiency syndrome: A case report and literature review.
abstract: The glucose transport protein type 1 (GLUT1) deficit causes a chronic brain energy failure. The classic phenotype of GLUT1 deficiency syndrome is characterized by: Mild to severe motor delay and mental retardation; infantile-onset epilepsy; head growth deceleration; movement disorders (ataxia, dystonia, spasticity); and non-epileptic paroxysmal events (intermittent ataxia, periodic confusion, recurrent headaches). During last years the classic phenotype of this syndrome, as originally reported, has expanded. We report the atypical phenotype of a boy with GLUT1 deficiency syndrome, characterized by mild mental retardation and drug-resistant absence seizures with onset at the age of 6 years, without movement disorders nor decrease of head circumference. A prompt diagnosis of this disorder is mandatory since the ketogenic diet might represent an effective treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Annio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Posar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Margherita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santucci
keywords: EEG; Glucose transport protein type 1 deficiency syndrome; epilepsy; ketogenic diet; mental retardation