title: Antiangiogenic activity of trabectedin in myxoid liposarcoma: involvement of host TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 and tumor thrombospondin-1.
abstract: Trabectedin is a marine natural product, approved in Europe for the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma and relapsed ovarian cancer. Clinical and experimental evidence indicates that trabectedin is particularly effective against myxoid liposarcomas where response is associated to regression of capillary networks. Here, we investigated the mechanism of the antiangiogenic activity of trabectedin in myxoid liposarcomas. Trabectedin directly targeted endothelial cells, impairing functions relying on extracellular matrix remodeling (invasion and branching morphogenesis) through the upregulation of the inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases TIMP-1 and TIMP-2. Increased TIMPs synthesis by the tumor microenvironment following trabectedin treatment was confirmed in xenograft models of myxoid liposarcoma. In addition, trabectedin upregulated tumor cell expression of the endogenous inhibitor thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1, a key regulator of angiogenesis-dependent dormancy in sarcoma), in in vivo models of myxoid liposarcomas, in vitro cell lines and primary cell cultures from patients' myxoid liposarcomas. Chromatin Immunoprecipitation analysis showed that trabectedin displaced the master regulator of adipogenesis C/EBPβ from the TSP-1 promoter, indicating an association between the up-regulation of TSP-1 and induction of adipocytic differentiation program by trabectedin. We conclude that trabectedin inhibits angiogenesis through multiple mechanisms, including directly affecting endothelial cells in the tumor microenvironment--with a potentially widespread activity--and targeting tumor cells' angiogenic activity, linked to a tumor-specific molecular alteration.
authors.affiliation: Tumor Angiogenesis Unit, Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Bergamo, Italy.
authors.forename: Romina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dossi
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Frapolli
authors.forename: Silvana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Di Giandomenico
authors.forename: Lara
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Paracchini
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bozzi
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brich
authors.forename: Vittoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Castiglioni
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Borsotti
authors.forename: Dorina
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Belotti
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uboldi
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sanfilippo
authors.forename: Eugenio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Erba
authors.forename: Raffaella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Giavazzi
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marchini
authors.forename: Silvana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pilotti
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: D'Incalci
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Taraboletti
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004149:Dioxoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018208:Liposarcoma, Myxoid / Q000098:blood supply / Q000188:drug therapy*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D044005:Tetrahydroisoquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019700:Thrombospondin 1 / Q000502:physiology*; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 / Q000502:physiology*; D000077606:Trabectedin
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta; D004149:Dioxoles; C560822:TIMP1 protein, human; C560823:TIMP2 protein, human; D044005:Tetrahydroisoquinolines; D019700:Thrombospondin 1; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; D000077606:Trabectedin
keywords: TIMP; angiogenesis; myxoid liposarcoma; thrombospondin-1; trabectedin