title: Multilevel examination of the association of urbanization with inflammation in Chinese adults.
abstract: We examine the associations between overall urbanicity and specific physical and social components of community-level urbanization with C-reactive protein (CRP) in adults participating in the China Health and Nutrition Study. Higher overall urbanicity and environment-related urbanicity component scores, including education, housing quality, and access to markets, were associated with elevated CRP in multilevel models controlling for clustering by community. These associations differed by age and gender and persisted after controlling for individual-level anthropometric, diet, and pathogenic risk factors. These results highlight the importance of place in relation to inflammation across the spectrum of rural and urban environments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 123 W Franklin St, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA. Electronic address: althomps@email.unc.edu.
authors.forename: Amanda L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 123 W Franklin St, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA. Electronic address: khouck@live.unc.edu.
authors.forename: Kelly M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Houck
authors.affiliation: Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 123 W Franklin St, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA; Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. Electronic address: linda_adair@unc.edu.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Adair
authors.affiliation: Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 123 W Franklin St, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA; Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. Electronic address: pglarsen@unc.edu.
authors.forename: Penny
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gordon-Larsen
authors.affiliation: Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 123 W Franklin St, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA; Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. Electronic address: popkin@unc.edu.
authors.forename: Barry
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Popkin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055361:Multilevel Analysis; D012111:Residence Characteristics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D014507:Urbanization; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: C-reactive protein; China; Inflammation; Neighborhood health; Urbanization