title: Unitary step of gliding machinery in Mycoplasma mobile.
abstract: Among the bacteria that glide on substrate surfaces, Mycoplasma mobile is one of the fastest, exhibiting smooth movement with a speed of 2.0-4.5 μm⋅s(-1) with a cycle of attachment to and detachment from sialylated oligosaccharides. To study the gliding mechanism at the molecular level, we applied an assay with a fluorescently labeled and membrane-permeabilized ghost model, and investigated the motility by high precision colocalization microscopy. Under conditions designed to reduce the number of motor interactions on a randomly oriented substrate, ghosts took unitary 70-nm steps in the direction of gliding. Although it remains possible that the stepping behavior is produced by multiple interactions, our data suggest that these steps are produced by a unitary gliding machine that need not move between sites arranged on a cytoskeletal lattice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8588, Japan;
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kinosita
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan; and.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nakane
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8588, Japan;
authors.forename: Mitsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8588, Japan;Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Masaike
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8588, Japan;
authors.forename: Kana
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mizutani
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan; and takayuki.nishizaka@gakushuin.ac.jp miyata@sci.osaka-cu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyata
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8588, Japan; takayuki.nishizaka@gakushuin.ac.jp miyata@sci.osaka-cu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishizaka
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000502:physiology*; D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008954:Models, Biological; D009068:Movement / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009174:Mycoplasma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D006180:Proton-Translocating ATPases / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C421467:3'-sialyllactose; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D006180:Proton-Translocating ATPases
keywords: F1-ATPase; bacteria tracking; gliding ghost; leg protein; pairwise distance function