title: Decoding tumour phenotype by noninvasive imaging using a quantitative radiomics approach.
abstract: Human cancers exhibit strong phenotypic differences that can be visualized noninvasively by medical imaging. Radiomics refers to the comprehensive quantification of tumour phenotypes by applying a large number of quantitative image features. Here we present a radiomic analysis of 440 features quantifying tumour image intensity, shape and texture, which are extracted from computed tomography data of 1,019 patients with lung or head-and-neck cancer. We find that a large number of radiomic features have prognostic power in independent data sets of lung and head-and-neck cancer patients, many of which were not identified as significant before. Radiogenomics analysis reveals that a prognostic radiomic signature, capturing intratumour heterogeneity, is associated with underlying gene-expression patterns. These data suggest that radiomics identifies a general prognostic phenotype existing in both lung and head-and-neck cancer. This may have a clinical impact as imaging is routinely used in clinical practice, providing an unprecedented opportunity to improve decision-support in cancer treatment at low cost.
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), Research Institute GROW, Maastricht University, 6229ET Maastricht, The Netherlands [2] Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215-5450, USA [3] Department of Radiology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215-5450, USA [4] Department of Biostatistics & Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215-5450, USA [5].
authors.forename: Hugo J W L
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Aerts
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), Research Institute GROW, Maastricht University, 6229ET Maastricht, The Netherlands [2] Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215-5450, USA [3].
authors.forename: Emmanuel Rios
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Velazquez
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), Research Institute GROW, Maastricht University, 6229ET Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ralph T H
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Leijenaar
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), Research Institute GROW, Maastricht University, 6229ET Maastricht, The Netherlands [2] Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215-5450, USA.
authors.forename: Chintan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Parmar
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215-5450, USA.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grossmann
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), Research Institute GROW, Maastricht University, 6229ET Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cavalho
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, PB 9101, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bussink
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, PB 9101, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: René
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Monshouwer
authors.affiliation: Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and Medical Biophysics Department, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L7.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Haibe-Kains
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, VU University Medical Center, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Derek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rietveld
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), Research Institute GROW, Maastricht University, 6229ET Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hoebers
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, VU University Medical Center, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Michelle M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Rietbergen
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, VU University Medical Center, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: C René
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Leemans
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), Research Institute GROW, Maastricht University, 6229ET Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Andre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dekker
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics & Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215-5450, USA.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Quackenbush
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Gillies
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), Research Institute GROW, Maastricht University, 6229ET Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lambin
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D064847:Multimodal Imaging; D010641:Phenotype; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011379:Prognosis; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D047368:Tumor Burden