title: Role of fluoridated dentifrices in root caries formation in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate in vitro root caries formation in human permanent teeth and to determine the effects of commercially available dentifrices containing different amounts of fluoride, while employing a well-tested artificial caries system using an acidified gel.
  
  
  METHODS
  Root surfaces from caries-free human permanent teeth (n = 10) underwent debridement and fluoride-free prophylaxis. The tooth roots were sectioned into six portions, and acid-resistant varnish was placed with two sound root surface windows exposed on each tooth portion. Each portion from a single tooth was assigned to a treatment group: (1) No treatment control; (2) Denticious 5000 dentifrice (5,000 ppm F + xylitol); (3) PreviDent 5000 (5,000 ppm F); (4) AIM dentifrice (1,500 ppm F); (5) Listerine dentifrice (1,300 ppm F); and (6) Crest Regular Paste (1,500 ppm F). Tooth portions were treated with fresh dentifrice twice daily for 180 seconds, followed by fresh synthetic saliva rinsing over a 7-day period. Controls were exposed twice daily to fresh synthetic saliva rinsing over a 7-day period. In vitro root caries were created using an acidified gel (pH 4.25, 21 days). Longitudinal sections (three sections/tooth portion, 30 sections/group; 60 lesions/group) were evaluated for mean lesion depths (water imbibition, polarized light). Statistical analyses were performed using ANOVA and Duncan's Multiple Range test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean lesion depths were 389 +/- 43 microm for No treatment - control, 223 +/- 33 microm for Denticious 5000 dentifrice, 242 +/- 42 microm for Prevident 5000, 337 +/- 29 microm for AIM dentifrice, 297 +/- 37 microm for Listerine dentifrice, and 282 +/- 34 microm for Crest Regular Paste dentifrice. All treatment groups had mean depths significantly less than the No treatment - control group (P < 0.05). Denticious 5000 and PreviDent 5000 had significantly reduced mean depth compared with the other dentifrice treatment groups (P < 0.05).
authors.forename: Franklin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Garcia-Godoy
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Flaitz
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hicks
mesh_terms: D002326:Cariogenic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003802:Dentifrices / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005459:Fluorides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects; D017213:Root Caries / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D012464:Saliva, Artificial / Q000737:chemistry; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D014993:Xylitol / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002326:Cariogenic Agents; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D003802:Dentifrices; D005782:Gels; D012464:Saliva, Artificial; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D019344:Lactic Acid; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; D005459:Fluorides; D014993:Xylitol