title: Cytotoxic, biochemical and genotoxic effects of biodiesel produced by different routes on ZFL cell line.
abstract: Transesterification has proved to be the best option for obtaining biodiesel and, depending on the type of alcohol used in the reaction, the type of biodiesel may be methyl ester or ethyl ester. Leaking biodiesel can reach water bodies, contaminating aquatic organisms, particularly fish. The objective of this study was to determine whether the soluble fraction of biodiesel (Bd), produced by both the ethylic (BdEt) and methylic (BdMt) routes, can cause cytotoxic, biochemical and genotoxic alterations in the hepatocyte cell line of Danio rerio (ZFL). The metabolic activity of the cell was quantified by the MTT reduction method, while genotoxic damage was analyzed by the comet assay with the addition of specific endonucleases. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant/biotransformation enzymes activity also were determined. The results indicate that both Bd increased ROS production, glutathione S-transferase activity and the occurrence of DNA damage. BdMt showed higher cytotoxicity than BdEt, and also caused oxidative damage to the DNA. In general, both Bd appear to be stressors for the cells, causing cytotoxic, biochemical and genetic alterations in ZFL cells, but the type and intensity of the changes found appear to be dependent on the biodiesel production route.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 10011, 86057-970 Londrina, Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: Dalita G S M
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Cavalcante
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 10011, 86057-970 Londrina, Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: Natara D G
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 10011, 86057-970 Londrina, Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliana Cristina
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Marcarini
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 10011, 86057-970 Londrina, Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mário Sérgio
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Mantovani
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), C.P. 1515, 13506-900 Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Marin-Morales
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 10011, 86057-970 Londrina, Parana, Brazil. Electronic address: cbueno@uel.br.
authors.forename: Cláudia B R
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Martinez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D056804:Biofuels / Q000633:toxicity*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015027:Zebrafish
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D009153:Mutagens; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D005982:Glutathione Transferase
keywords: Biofuel; Biotransformation; Comet assay; In vitro test; Oxidative stress