title: Outcome in squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal vestibule: a single center experience.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to analyze the outcome of squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) of the nasal vestibule and to identify factors predicting recurrence.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients treated between 1995 and 2012 were included in this study. Outcome was analyzed with respect to modality of therapy, age, sex, tobacco consumption, staging, surgical margins, and histological differentiation pattern.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty patients were included. Fourteen patients (47%) were found with T4, 1 patient (3%) with T3, 7 patients (23%) with T2, and 8 patients (27%) with T1 disease. Twenty-one patients (70%) were treated surgically. Six patients (29%) needed postoperative radiation because of insufficient surgical margins. Radiation was the first-line treatment in 9 patients (30%). Surgically treated patients with surgical margins <3 mm had significantly more locoregional recurrence compared to those with sufficient resections.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Advanced T4 carcinomas show a high recurrence rate. Insufficient surgical margins are the main predictor for a locoregional recurrence and should be avoided.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Domenic
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vital
authors.forename: Grégoire
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Morand
authors.forename: Gerhard F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Huber
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Studer
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Holzmann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009296:Nasal Cavity; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: nasal vestibule; outcome; radiation therapy; squamous cell carcinoma; surgery