title: Evidence for altered metabolic pathways during environmental stress: (1)H-NMR spectroscopy based metabolomics and clinical studies on subjects of sea-voyage and Antarctic-stay.
abstract: The Antarctic context is an analogue of space travel, with close similarity in ambience of extreme climate, isolation, constrained living spaces, disrupted sleep cycles, and environmental stress. The present study examined the impact of the harsh habitat of Antarctica on human physiology and its metabolic pathways, by analyzing human serum samples, using (1)H-NMR spectroscopy for identification of metabolites; and quantifying other physiological and clinical parameters for correlation between expression data and metabolite data. Sera from seven adult males (of median age 36years) who participated in this study, from the 28th Indian Expeditionary group to the Antarctica station Maitri, were collected in chronological sequence. These included: i) baseline control; ii) during ship journey; iii) at Antarctica, in the months of March, May, August and November; to enable study of temporal evolution of monitored physiological states. 29 metabolites in serum were identified from the 400MHz (1)H-NMR spectra. Out of these, 19 metabolites showed significant variations in levels, during the ship journey and the stay at Maitri, compared to the base-line levels. Further biochemical analysis also supported these results, indicating that the ship journey, and the long-term Antarctic exposure, affected kidney and liver functioning. Our metabolite data highlights for the first time the effect of environmental stress on the patho-physiology of the human system. Multivariate analysis tools were employed for this metabonomics study, using (1)H-NMR spectroscopy.
authors.affiliation: Immunomodulation Laboratory, Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India.
authors.forename: Anand Prakash
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Yadav
authors.affiliation: Cyclotron & Radiopharmaceutical Sciences Division, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India.
authors.forename: Shubhra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chaturvedi
authors.affiliation: Immunomodulation Laboratory, Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India.
authors.forename: Kamla Prasad
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.affiliation: Cyclotron & Radiopharmaceutical Sciences Division, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India.
authors.forename: Sunil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pal
authors.affiliation: Immunomodulation Laboratory, Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India. Electronic address: lilly.ganju65@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Lilly
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ganju
authors.affiliation: Immunomodulation Laboratory, Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India.
authors.forename: Shashi Bala
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000864:Antarctic Regions; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000503:physiopathology; D008099:Liver / Q000503:physiopathology; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways / Q000502:physiology*; D055442:Metabolome / Q000502:physiology*; D055432:Metabolomics; D008875:Middle Aged; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: (1)H NMR; Antarctica; Environmental stress; Metabonomics; Stress response