title: Bioremediation of coking wastewater containing carbazole, dibenzofuran and dibenzothiophene by immobilized naphthalene-cultivated Arthrobacter sp. W1 in magnetic gellan gum.
abstract: In this study, the cometabolic degradation of carbazole (CA), dibenzofuran (DBF), and dibenzothiophene (DBT) by immobilized Arthrobacter sp. W1 cells pregrown with naphthalene was investigated. Four kinds of polymers were evaluated as immobilization supports for strain W1. After comparison with agar, alginate, and κ-carrageenan, gellan gum was selected as the optimal immobilization support. Furthermore, magnetic Fe₃O₄ nanoparticle was selected as most suitable nanoparticle for immobilization and the optimal concentration was 80 mg/L. The relationship between specific degradation rate and the initial concentration of CA, DBF and DBT was described well by Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The recycling experiments demonstrated that the magnetically immobilized cells coupling with activation zeolite showed highly bioremediation activity on the coking wastewater containing high concentration of phenol, naphthalene, CA, DBF and DBT during seven recycles. Toxicity assessment indicated the treatment of the coking wastewater by magnetically immobilized cells with activation zeolite led to less toxicity than untreated wastewater.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
authors.forename: Shengnan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China. Electronic address: hit_dlut@163.com.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
authors.forename: Jiti
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D001173:Arthrobacter / Q000378:metabolism*; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000378:metabolism; D018914:Cells, Immobilized / Q000382:microbiology*; D003077:Coke; D007700:Kinetics; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000378:metabolism; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000378:metabolism; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001572:Benzofurans; D002227:Carbazoles; D003077:Coke; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial; D013876:Thiophenes; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C088015:benzothiophene; C041514:carbazole; C048288:gellan gum; C023614:dibenzofuran
keywords: Coking wastewater; Cometabolic degradation; Heterocyclic compounds; Immobilization; Nanoparticles