title: Nonmarrow hematopoiesis occurs in a hyaluronic-acid-rich node and duct system in mice.
abstract: A hyaluronic-acid-rich node and duct system (HAR-NDS) was found on the surface of internal organs of mice, and inside their blood and lymph vessels. The nodes (HAR-Ns) were filled with immune cells of the innate system and were especially enriched with mast cells and histiocytes. They also contained hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs), such as granulocyte-macrophage, erythroid, multipotential progenitors, and mast cell progenitors (MCPs). MCPs were the most abundant among the HPCs in HAR-Ns. Their frequency was fivefold higher than that of the MCPs in bone marrow. In addition, the system contained pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) capable of producing CD45(-)Flk1(+) hemangioblast-like cells, which subsequently generated various types of HPCs and differentiated blood cells. Although HAR-Ns did not appear to harbor enough number of cells capable of long-term reconstitution or short-term radioprotection of lethally irradiated recipients, bone marrow cells were able to engraft in the HAR-NDS and reconstitute hematopoietic potentials of the system. PSCs and HPCs were consistently found in intravenous, intralymphatic, and intestinal HAR-ND. We infer that PSCs and HPCs reside in the HAR-ND and that this novel system may serve as an alternative means to traffic immature and mature blood cells throughout the body.
authors.affiliation: 1 Cancer Biology and Immunotherapy, National Cancer Center , Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Sunhee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Seung J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sang H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Brahmananda R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Chitteti
authors.forename: Edward F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Srour
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: Giao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hangoc
authors.forename: Hal E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Broxmeyer
authors.forename: Byoung S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Kwon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D055018:Hemangioblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D006410:Hematopoiesis; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006644:Histiocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D007107:Immune System / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D042601:Lymphatic Vessels / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2