title: Immunofluorescence and subsequent confocal microscopy of intracellular TNF in human neutrophils.
abstract: Immunofluorescence is an important technique required to observe expression, localization and colocalization of proteins within the cell. Here we describe the immunofluorescence and subsequent confocal microscopy technique of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF) in human neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes; PMN). The qualitative technique can be used to observe the expression pattern changes from resting to stimulated leukocytes. Colocalization with other cytokines, proteins, or organelles can be observed. This immunofluorescence technique can be done in 1-2 days.
authors.affiliation: Division of Natural Sciences, College of Mount Saint Vincent, 6301 Riverdale Avenue, Riverdale, NY, 10471, USA, janet.rollins@mountsaintvincent.edu.
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rollins
authors.forename: Veronika
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Miskolci
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies / Q000737:chemistry; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D016707:Tissue Fixation; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis* / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha