title: Infertility caused by intrauterine fetal bone retention: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intrauterine fetal bone retention is a rare complication and the bony fragments probably work like an intrauterine contraceptive device resulting in secondary infertility. Among the scarcely reported cases in the literature, there was no report described the retention of a large number of fetal bones with nearly intact morphology.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present report described an unusual case of fetal bone retention in a 30-year-old infertile Chinese woman who had a surgical termination of a 15-week pregnancy 9 years ago. The routine B-ultrasound diagnosed intrauterine foreign bodies. A hysteroscopy was performed which showed a large number of intrauterine bony fragments, with clear fetal skeletal outline and intact morphology. The detected residual fetal bones were removed under hysteroscopy, assisted by B-ultrasound scanning. The patient was pregnant 5 months later. The present case confirms the importance of routine examination of the intactness of the fetus after abortion, particularly when it happens in pregnancies of more than 12 weeks. Once diagnosed, the detected residual fetal bones should be removed by surgery, mainly under hysteroscopy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The retention of fetal bone may cause infertility, and removal of the residual bone may restore fertility. The improvement in hysteroscopy made it feasible to diagnose and remove the bones. The present case highlights the importance of examining the intactness of the removed fetus.
authors.forename: Songshu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China. xueminxy3@163.com.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xue
mesh_terms: D000028:Abortion, Induced / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000328:Adult; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000196:embryology; D005260:Female; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D015907:Hysteroscopy; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000209:etiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014599:Uterus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging