title: Ultrasound diagnosis of multicystic dysplastic kidney: is a confirmatory nuclear medicine scan necessary?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is critical to differentiate between a multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) and a kidney with severe hydronephrosis as the treatment varies significantly. We designed a study to compare renal ultrasound (RUS) to nuclear medicine (NM) scan in the diagnosis of MCDK, in order to determine if RUS can be used for the definitive diagnosis of MCKD without use of NM scan.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective review of children with MCDK, who underwent both a RUS and Tc-99m MAG3 or DMSA scan. We planned to calculate the positive predictive value of an RUS diagnosis of MCDK, using NM scan diagnosis of a nonfunctioning kidney as the gold standard.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The diagnosis of MCDK was made by RUS in 91 patients, 84 of whom had a normal bladder US. NM confirmed the diagnosis of MCDK in all 84 of these patients (100%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have demonstrated a high predictive value for RUS in the diagnosis of MCDK. Our data support that in healthy infants with RUS diagnosis of unilateral MCDK and normal bladder US, NM scan may be unnecessary to confirm the diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Urology, Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA. Electronic address: bwhittam@iupui.edu.
authors.forename: Benjamin M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Whittam
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Urology, Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Calaway
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Urology, Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Konrad M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Szymanski
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Urology, Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Section of Children's Health Services Research and Pediatric and Adolescent Comparative Effectiveness Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Aaron E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Carroll
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Urology, Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Rosalie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Misseri
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Urology, Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaefer
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Urology, Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Richard C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Rink
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Radiology, Riley Hospital For Children at Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Boaz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Karmazyn
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Urology, Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Mark P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Cain
mesh_terms: D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D021782:Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D009683:Nuclear Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017263:Technetium Tc 99m Mertiatide; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D017263:Technetium Tc 99m Mertiatide
keywords: Hydronephrosis; Multicystic dysplastic kidney; Renal ultrasound