title: Clinical results of primary malignant musculoskeletal tumor treated by wide resection and recycling autograft reconstruction using liquid nitrogen.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical results of primary malignant musculoskeletal tumors treated with wide resection and recycling autograft reconstruction using liquid nitrogen.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed 12 patients who had a primary malignant bone and soft tissue tumor treated by wide resection and recycling autograft reconstruction using liquid nitrogen between March 2006 and March 2013. The results were judged by recurrence, functional status and complications. Functional status was assessed according to the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Score (MSTSS). Clinical failure was defined as need for reoperation in order to change the type of reconstruction or to amputate, and the presence of local recurrence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most common tumor was osteosarcoma (eight cases) followed by Ewing's sarcoma (two cases). The tibia was the most frequently involved skeletal site (six cases) followed by the femur (three cases). The median follow-up period was 32 months. In 12 patients, 7 were still alive without recurrence. There were 3 clinical failures: 1 local recurrence and 2 graft complications at 28, 51 and 20 months after reconstruction, respectively. The main complication was infection (three cases). All osteotomy sites were radiographic unions, and the union time was 8.2 ± 2.7 months. The mean ± SD MSTSS score was 79% ± 11%; excellent functional results were achieved in seven patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Recycling autograft reconstruction using liquid nitrogen had favorable clinical outcomes in terms of functional status and local recurrence. This reconstruction method, therefore, represents a reasonable alternative for limb salvage surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
authors.forename: Permsak
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Paholpak
authors.forename: Winai
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sirichativapee
authors.forename: Taweechok
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wisanuyotin
authors.forename: Weerachai
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kosuwon
authors.forename: Polasak
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jeeravipoolvarn
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D064592:Autografts / Q000378:metabolism*; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D023821:Limb Salvage / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012509:Sarcoma / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: biologic reconstruction; limb salvage surgery; liquid nitrogen; primary sarcoma; recycling autograft