title: Supplemental choline does not attenuate the effects of neonatal ethanol administration on habituation of the heart rate orienting response in rats.
abstract: Several studies using rodent subjects have now shown that extra dietary choline may prevent or even reverse the deleterious effects of pre- and early post-natal ethanol administration. Choline supplementation has been shown to attenuate many, although not all, of ethanol's effects on brain development and behavior. Our laboratory has consistently reported impaired habituation of the heart rate orienting response to a novel olfactory stimulus in animals exposed to ethanol on postnatal days (PD) 4-9. Here we examine whether supplemental choline given both during and after ethanol administration could alleviate these ethanol-induced deficits. Subjects were given 5g/kg/day ethanol or sham intubations on PD 4-9. Half of the subjects in each group were given a single daily s.c. injection of choline chloride on PD 4-20, while the other half were injected daily with saline. Pups were tested for heart rate orienting and response habituation in a single test session on PD 23. Results replicated the ethanol-induced impairment in response habituation. However, choline supplementation had no effect on orienting or habituation in either neonatal treatment group. These findings indicate that habituation deficits induced by ethanol are not alleviated by extra dietary choline using these parameters. Choline holds great promise as a treatment for some fetal alcohol effects, but is not an effective treatment for all ethanol-related deficits.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, College of William & Mary, United States. Electronic address: pshunt@wm.edu.
authors.forename: Pamela S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Hunt
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, College of William & Mary, United States.
authors.forename: Sarah E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Jacobson
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, College of William & Mary, United States.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001288:Attention / Q000187:drug effects*; D002794:Choline / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D000431:Ethanol / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D006185:Habituation, Psychophysiologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012903:Smell / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol; D002794:Choline
keywords: Choline; Dietary supplement; Fetal alcohol; Olfactory; Orienting