title: [Cutaneous side effects of anti-tumor therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  BRAF and MEK inhibitors are new targeted therapies which are used in the treatment of malignancies, in particular of malignant melanoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cutaneous side effects are common during the treatment with both types of inhibitors. These side effects include inflammatory reactions such as maculopapular and papulopustular exanthema, hand-foot syndrome, panniculitis, paronychia, photo- and radio-sensitization. As a class effect, BRAF-inhibitors induce proliferative disorders of keratinocytes and melanocytes, such as palmoplantar hyperkeratosis (as part of the hand-foot syndrome), verruciform and acanthoma-like lesions, follicular and Grover disease-like hyperkeratoses, keratoacanthomas, squamous cell carcinomas and atypical melanocytic nevi with transition to secondary melanomas. Furthermore, hair alterations and xerosis are possible.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment with BRAF and MEK inhibitors requires close dermatologic monitoring of the patient. This manuscript summarizes the most frequent cutaneous side effects and their management.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Venerologie, Hauttumorzentrum Hannover (HTZH), Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Ricklinger Str. 5, 30449, Hannover, Deutschland, gutzmer.ralf@mh-hannover.de.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gutzmer
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hassel
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Kähler
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Loquai
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mössner
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ugurel
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zimmer
authors.forename: Für Komitee Kutane Nebenwirkungen Ado
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: der das Ado
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003875:Drug Eruptions / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D008545:Melanoma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; C482119:BRAF protein, human; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases