title: Cardiovascular adaptations to 4 and 12 months of football or strength training in 65- to 75-year-old untrained men.
abstract: The study examined the effects of 1 year of football or strength training on cardiovascular function in 65- to 75-year-old men. Twenty-six untrained men (age: 68.2 ± 3.2 years) were randomized to football training (FTG; n = 9), strength training (STG; n = 9), or control (CG; n = 8). In FTG, left ventricular (LV) internal diastolic diameter, end-diastolic volume, and mass index were 8%, 21%, and 18% higher (P < 0.01), respectively, after 12 months, with no changes in STG and CG. After 12 months, LV ejection fraction was increased (P < 0.05) by 8% and 5% in FTG and STG, respectively, and systolic longitudinal two-dimensional strain by 8% and 6%, whereas right ventricular systolic function improved (P < 0.05) by 22% in FTG, but not in STG and CG. In FTG, LV diastolic mitral inflow (E/A) ratio and peak early diastolic velocity (E') improved (P < 0.05) by 25% and 12%, respectively, after 12 months, with no changes in STG and CG. In FTG, maximum oxygen uptake was 16% and 18% higher (P < 0.001) after 4 and 12 months, respectively, and resting heart rate was 6 and 8 beats per minute lower (P < 0.001), respectively, with no changes in STG and CG. In conclusion, football training elicited superior cardiovascular effects compared with strength training in elderly untrained men.
authors.affiliation: Copenhagen Centre for Team Sport and Health, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Cardiology, Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hornstrup
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Krustrup
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bangsbo
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000368:Aged; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology*; D055070:Resistance Training; D012916:Soccer / Q000502:physiology*; D018617:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Pulsed; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Echocardiography; diastolic function; high-intensity interval training; systolic function; vascular function