title: Suicide in first episode psychosis: a nationwide cohort study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Relatively little is known about suicide in diagnostic subtypes of first episode psychosis (FEP). Our aim was to assess suicide rates and potential risk factors for suicide in FEP.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a national register-based cohort study of patients born in 1973-1978 in Sweden and who were hospitalized with a FEP between ages 15 and 30years (n=2819). The patients were followed from date of discharge until death, emigration, or 31st of December 2008. The suicide rates for six diagnostic subtypes of FEP were calculated. Suicide incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated to evaluate the association between suicide and psychiatric, familial, social, and demographic factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total 121 patients died by suicide. The overall suicide rate was 4.3 (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.5-5.0) per 1000person-years. The highest suicide rates were found in depressive disorder with psychotic symptoms and in delusional disorder. In an adjusted model, the strongest risk factors for suicide were self-harm (IRR 2.7, CI 1.7-4.4) or a conviction for violent crime (IRR 2.0, CI 1.3-3.2). Also having a first-degree relative with a schizophrenia/bipolar diagnosis (IRR 2.1, CI 1.2-3.6) or substance use disorder (IRR 2.0, CI 1.2-3.2) were significant risk factors for suicide.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Impulsive behavior such as self-harm as well as having a family history of severe mental disorder or substance use are important risk factors for suicide in FEP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: charlotte.bjorkenstam@ki.se.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Björkenstam
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Björkenstam
authors.affiliation: Centre for Health Equity Studies (CHESS), Stockholm University/Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hjern
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bodén
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Reutfors
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D012042:Registries; D012307:Risk Factors; D012563:Schizophrenia, Paranoid / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D013405:Suicide / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult