title: Gastric antiulcerogenic and hypokinetic activities of Terminalia fagifolia Mart. & Zucc. (Combretaceae).
abstract: The acute toxicity, the antioxidant activity, and the pharmacological activity on the gastrointestinal tract of rodents of the ethanolic extract (TFEE) from the bark of Terminalia fagifolia Mart. & Zucc. (Combretaceae) and of its aqueous (TFAqF), hydroalcoholic (TFHAF), and hexanic (TFHEXF) partition fractions have been evaluated. TFEE presented low acute toxicity, antioxidant, and antiulcerogenic activity against ethanol-induced ulcers, which was partially blocked by pretreatment with L-NAME and indomethacin. It reduced the total acidity and raised the pH of gastric secretion. Additionally, TFEE delayed gastric emptying and slightly inhibited the small intestinal transit and also presented a weakly antidiarrheal activity. The antiulcerogenic and antioxidant activity were also detected in TFAqF and TFHAF but not in TFHEXF. The antisecretory and gastroprotective activity of TFEE partially involve the nitric oxide and prostaglandin participation. Nevertheless, TFEE, TFAqF, and TFHAF drastically reduced the mucus layer adhered to the gastric wall of rats treated with ethanol or indomethacin. Complementary studies are required in order to clarify the paradox of the presence of a gastroprotector activity in this plant that, at the same time, reduces the mucus layer adhered to the gastric wall.
authors.affiliation: Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil ; Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo Humberto M
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.affiliation: Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil ; Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria do Carmo C
authors.initials: Mdo C
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil ; Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rita de Cássia M
authors.initials: Rde C
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil ; Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Chaves
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: Elcilene A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Sousa
authors.affiliation: Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil ; Biodiversity and Biotechnology Research Center, Federal University of Piaui, 64202-020 Parnaiba, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Roberto S A
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.affiliation: Biodiversity and Biotechnology Research Center, Federal University of Piaui, 64202-020 Parnaiba, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leiz Maria
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Véras
authors.affiliation: Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil ; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda Regina C
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Almeida
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D029764:Combretaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D029766:Terminalia / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011453:Prostaglandins; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000431:Ethanol; D007213:Indomethacin