title: Atherosclerosis--multiple pathways to lesional macrophages.
abstract: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that manifests in multiple vascular beds and frequently culminates in ischemic events, including myocardial infarction. Blood monocytes that are recruited to the inflamed vascular wall develop into inflammatory macrophages and foam cells, which contribute to pathogenesis at many stages of this disease and, therefore, represent a target for therapeutic interventions. Recently, alternate sources of macrophages have been identified. Here, we discuss the origin and molecular regulation of macrophages and highlight recent conceptual changes that may shape the development of effective treatments.
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377 Munich, Germany. Cardiovascular Division, British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, The James Black Centre, Denmark Hill Campus, and Division of Immunology, Infection and Inflammatory Diseases, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London SE5 9NU, UK. DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich 80802, Germany. christian.1.schulz@kcl.ac.uk steffen.massberg@med.uni-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377 Munich, Germany. DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich 80802, Germany. christian.1.schulz@kcl.ac.uk steffen.massberg@med.uni-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Massberg
mesh_terms: D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000473:pathology; D015398:Signal Transduction