title: Cell cycle disruption and apoptosis as mechanisms of toxicity of organochlorines in Zea mays roots.
abstract: Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are widespread environmental pollutants; two of them are highly persistent: lindane (γHCH) and chlordecone (CLD). Maize plants cope with high levels of OCP-environmental pollution, however little is known about cellular mechanisms involved in plant response to such OCP-exposures. This research was aimed at understanding the physiological pathways involved in the plant response to OCPs in function of a gradient of exposure. Here we provide the evidences that OCPs might disrupt root cell cycle leading to a rise in the level of polyploidy possibly through mechanisms of endoreduplication. In addition, low-to-high doses of γHCH were able to induce an accumulation of H2O2 without modifying NO contents, while CLD modulated neither H2O2 nor NO production. [Ca(2+)]cytosolic, the caspase-3-like activity as well as TUNEL-positive nuclei and IP-positive cells increased after exposure to low-to-high doses of OCPs. These data strongly suggest a cascade mechanism of the OCP-induced toxic effect, notably with an increase in [Ca(2+)]cytosolic and caspase-3-like activity, suggesting the activation of programmed cell death pathway.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, UMR CNRS n°5553, Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 09, France; Université de Grenoble - Alpes, France.
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Blondel
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, UMR CNRS n°5553, Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 09, France; Université de Grenoble - Alpes, France.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Melesan
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, UMR CNRS n°5553, Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 09, France; Université de Grenoble - Alpes, France.
authors.forename: Angélique
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: San Miguel
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, UMR CNRS n°5553, Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 09, France; Université de Grenoble - Alpes, France.
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Veyrenc
authors.affiliation: Université de Grenoble - Alpes, France; Centre Universitaire de Biologie Expérimentale, Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 09, France.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Meresse
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche Inserm/UJF U823, Institut Albert Bonniot, BP 170, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 09, France.
authors.forename: Mylène
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pezet
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, UMR CNRS n°5553, Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 09, France; Université de Grenoble - Alpes, France.
authors.forename: Stephane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reynaud
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, UMR CNRS n°5553, Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 09, France; Université de Grenoble - Alpes, France. Electronic address: muriel.raveton@ujf-grenoble.fr.
authors.forename: Muriel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raveton
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D002453:Cell Cycle; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000633:toxicity*; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D010575:Pesticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D003313:Zea mays / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D010575:Pesticides
keywords: Apoptosis; Chlordecone; Endoreduplication; Lindane; Maize