title: Effect of cyclic phytoremediation with different wetland plants on municipal wastewater.
abstract: Phytoremediation is a promising cleanup technology for contaminated soils, groundwater, and wastewater that is both low-tech and low-cost. The objective of this study was to investigate the ameliorative effect of phytoremediation on municipal wastewater (MWW). For this purpose, a phytoremediation garden was established using different aquatic plants species [Pistia stratiotes, Eichhornia crassipess, Hydrocotyle umbellatta, Lemna minor, Tyhpa latifolia, and Scirpus acutus] in seven earthen pond systems (P1-P7) for the cyclic treatment of MWW. The physico-chemical analysis of MWW was carried out before and after the cyclic phytoremediation. Results showed that pH, EC and turbidity of MWW were reduced by 5.5%, 33.7%, and 93.1%, respectively after treatment (from P1 to P7). Treatment system also reduced total dissolved solids (TDS) by 35.2%, Cl by 61%, HCO3 by 29.2%, hardness by 45.7%, Ca by 32.3% and Mg by 55.9%. Nitrate concentration was reduced by 77.6% but SO4 was enhanced slightly. An ameliorative combined effect of wetland plants namely L. minor, T. latifolia, and S. acutus on MWW was noticed. Sequential phytoremediation with a mixture of plants was more effective than that relying only on a single plant species.
authors.forename: Mudassar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farid
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Irshad
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fawad
authors.forename: Zeshan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: A Egrinya
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Eneji
authors.forename: Naureen
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aurangzeb
authors.forename: Ashiq
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mohammad
authors.forename: Barkat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ali
mesh_terms: D029064:Araceae / Q000378:metabolism; D027481:Araliaceae / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D029785:Cyperaceae / Q000378:metabolism; D031806:Eichhornia / Q000378:metabolism; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000378:metabolism*; D061005:Ponds; D032401:Typhaceae / Q000378:metabolism; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D060753:Water Quality; D053833:Wetlands
chemical_list: D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical