title: Reduction of hydroxylated fullerene (fullerol) in water by zinc: reaction and hemiketal product characterization.
abstract: Water-soluble, hydroxylated fullerene (fullerol) materials have recently gained increasing attention as they have been identified as the primary product(s) during the exposure of fullerenes (as water stable, nanoscale aggregated C60) to UV light in water. The physical properties and chemical reactivity of resulting fullerols, however, have not been thoroughly studied. In this paper, we identified and characterized the reductive transformation of fullerol (C60(OH)x(ONa)y) by solid zinc metal (Zn(0)) through a series of batch reaction experiments and product characterization, including (13)C NMR, FTIR, XPS, UV-vis, DLS, and TEM. Results indicated the facile formation of water stable, pH sensitive hemiketal functionality as part of a relatively reduced fullerol product. Further, aqueous physical behavior of the product fullerol, as measured by octanol partitioning and surface deposition rates, was observed to significantly differ from the parent material and is consistent with a relative increase in molecular (product) hydrophobicity.
authors.affiliation: Shared Equipment Authority and Department of Chemistry, Rice University , Houston, Texas 77005, United States.
authors.forename: Jiewei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Lawrence B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Alemany
authors.forename: Wenlu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Liza
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Petrie
authors.forename: Cara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Welker
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Fortner
mesh_terms: D037741:Fullerenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration / Q000528:radiation effects; D006900:Hydroxylation / Q000528:radiation effects; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry; D058525:Quartz Crystal Microbalance Techniques; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D015032:Zinc / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D037741:Fullerenes; D011137:Polystyrenes; D014867:Water; D015032:Zinc