title: Penile incarceration with metallic foreign bodies: management and review of literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Penile strangulation from constricting metallic objects disorders is an uncommon urological emergency which requires prompt intervention to prevent complications. The treatment modalities are diverse and characterized by lack of consensus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three cases with penile incarceration due to constricting metallic objects who presented to our department were included in this study. All 3 patients required different management options highlighting the diversity of clinical presentation and need for customization of treatment as per the clinical scenario.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 3 patients required different approach for treatment. First patient could be managed by degloving of penile skin while second patient required mechanical removal of the foreign body and debridement of local necrotic tissues. The third patient had to undergo excision of gangrenous penile skin and skin grafting.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study emphasizes the diversity of clinical presentations and the need for employing different surgical techniques to achieve the desired results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
authors.forename: Sameer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Trivedi
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Attam
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
authors.forename: Arun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kerketa
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
authors.forename: Navin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Daruka
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
authors.forename: Bharat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Behre
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
authors.forename: Abhinav
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
authors.forename: Sudhir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rathi
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
authors.forename: U S
authors.initials: US
authors.lastname: Dwivedi
keywords: Constricting objects; Penile amputation; Penile strangulation