title: Determination of sex origin of meat and meat products on the DNA basis: a review.
abstract: Sex determination of domestic animal's meat is of potential value in meat authentication and quality control studies. Methods aiming at determining the sex origin of meat may be based either on the analysis of hormone or on the analysis of nucleic acids. At the present time, sex determination of meat and meat products based on hormone analysis employ gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Most of the hormone-based methods proved to be highly specific and sensitive but were not performed on a regular basis for meat sexing due to the technical limitations or the expensive equipments required. On the other hand, the most common methodology to determine the sex of meat is unquestionably traditional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that involves gel electrophoresis of DNA amplicons. This review is intended to provide an overview of the DNA-based methods for sex determination of meat and meat products.
authors.affiliation: a Division of Livestock Products Technology , Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Izatnagar, Bareilly , Uttar Pradesh , India.
authors.forename: Palanisamy
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gokulakrishnan
authors.forename: Rajiv Ranjan
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Brahm Deo
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Sanjod Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Mendiratta
authors.forename: Omprakash
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Malav
authors.forename: Deepak
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sharma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D008461:Meat Products / Q000032:analysis*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012732:Sex Determination Analysis
chemical_list: D004247:DNA
keywords: DNA analysis; PCR; Sex determination; authentication; meat; meat products