title: Erosive cola-based drinks affect the bonding to enamel surface: an in vitro study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to assess the impact of in vitro erosion provoked by different cola-based drinks (Coke types), associated or not with toothbrushing, to bonding to enamel.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-six [Corrected] bovine enamel specimens were prepared and randomly assigned into seven groups (N=8): C- Control (neither eroded nor abraded), ERO-RC: 3x/1-minute immersion in Regular Coke (RC), ERO-LC: 3x/1-minute immersion in Light Coke (LC), ERO-ZC: 3x/1-minute immersion in Zero Coke (ZC) and three other eroded groups, subsequently abraded for 1-minute toothbrushing (EROAB-RC, EROAB-LC and EROAB-ZC, respectively). After challenges, they were stored overnight in artificial saliva for a total of 24 hours and restored with Adper Single Bond 2/Filtek Z350. Buildup coronal surfaces were cut in 1 mm2 -specimens and subjected to a microtensile test. Data were statistically analyzed by two-way ANOVA/Bonferroni tests (α=0.05). Failure modes were assessed by optical microscopy (X40). The Interface of the restorations were observed using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM).
  
  
  RESULTS
  All tested cola-based drinks significantly reduced the bond strength, which was also observed in the analyses of interfaces. Toothbrushing did not have any impact on the bond strength. CLSM showed that except for Zero Coke, all eroded specimens resulted in irregular hybrid layer formation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All cola-based drinks reduced the bond strength. Different patterns of hybrid layers were obtained revealing their impact, except for ZC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leslie Caroll
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Casas-Apayco
authors.affiliation: Private practice, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vanessa Manzini
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Dreibi
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araçatuba Dental School, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Carolina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Hipólito
authors.affiliation: Integrated Research Center, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Márcia Sirlene Zardin
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Graeff
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Community Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rios
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Carolina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Magalhães
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marília Afonso Rabelo
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Buzalaf
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002253:Carbonated Beverages; D002417:Cattle; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects*; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D007101:Immersion; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D011897:Random Allocation; D012464:Saliva, Artificial / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties / Q000187:drug effects; D013718:Tensile Strength; D013997:Time Factors; D014072:Tooth Abrasion; D014077:Tooth Erosion; D014099:Toothbrushing
chemical_list: C554641:Adper single bond 2; D003188:Composite Resins; D003738:Dental Cements; D012464:Saliva, Artificial; C533204:filtek Z350