title: Effects of the bisphosphonate alendronate on molars of young rats after lateral luxation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The bisphosphonate alendronate (ALN) was employed with the aim of investigating its effects on dental and periodontal tissues after lateral luxation of developing molars.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one-day-old Wistar rats had their second upper molars laterally luxated. Daily 2.5 mg kg(-1) ALN injections started at the day of the luxation; controls received sterile saline solution. The teeth were analyzed 7, 14, and 21 days after the procedure. On the days cited, the maxillae were fixed, decalcified, and embedded in paraffin or Spurr resin. The paraffin sections were stained with H&E, incubated for TRAP histochemistry or immunolabeled for osteopontin (OPN). Spurr ultrathin sections were examined in a transmission electron microscope.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 21 days, the root apex of luxated molars without ALN was wide open and disorganized and also covered by an irregular layer of cellular cementum, which was not observed in ALN-treated animals. Ankylosis sites were observed in ALN rats in both luxated and non-luxated teeth. The TRAP-positive osteoclasts were more numerous in ALN group, despite their latent ultrastructural appearance without the presence of resorption apparatus compared to controls. OPN immunolabeling revealed a thick immunopositive line in the dentin that must be resultant from the moment of the luxation, while ALN-treated specimens did not present alterations in dentin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present findings indicate that alendronate inhibits some alterations in dentin and cementum formation induced by dental trauma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, University of São Paulo School of Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cláudia Pires
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Rothbarth
authors.forename: Vivian
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bradaschia-Correa
authors.forename: Lorraine Braga
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Victor Elias
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Arana-Chavez
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D019386:Alendronate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries; D000818:Animals; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003739:Dental Cementum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries; D005260:Female; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008963:Molar / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries*; D009805:Odontogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D053495:Osteopontin / Q000032:analysis; D010519:Periodontium / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012391:Root Resorption / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; D013997:Time Factors; D020254:Tooth Ankylosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D019227:Tooth Apex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries; D014084:Tooth Avulsion / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D007527:Isoenzymes; C506897:Spp1 protein, rat; D053495:Osteopontin; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; D019386:Alendronate
keywords: alendronate; lateral luxation; osteopontin; root formation