title: Using a triggered endocrinology service consultation to improve the evaluation, management, and follow-up of osteoporosis in hip-fracture patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nearly 2 million osteoporosis-related fractures occur yearly in the United States, with more than 400,000 requiring hospital admissions. Fewer than 30% receive proper evaluation and care for osteoporosis, representing a large opportunity to enhance secondary prevention of fractures. Methods to improve identification and triage of hospitalized fragility-fracture patients are desirable.
  
  
  METHODS
  A multidisciplinary team was created, and definitions were established for an evidence-based best-practice protocol to assess, treat, and document an osteoporosis diagnosis and triage patients with hip-fragility fractures on the basis of the best-practice recommendations from The Joint Commission and the National Osteoporosis Foundation. The team initiated a preauthorized osteoporosis consultation from the endocrinology service for hip-fracture patients, "triggered" via a brief query in admission orders or by the orthopedic service nurse practitioner. Osteoporosis consultations used a consultation template reflecting the protocol.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data were analyzed for 71 baseline patients and 61 intervention patients. The groups possessed similar age, gender, race, and body mass index characteristics. The baseline (on-demand consultation) group suffered from poor performance, with only 3%-21% of patients receiving the desired evaluation, documentation, treatment, or outpatient follow-up. Intervention (triggered-consultation) patients improved markedly postintervention, With performance increasing by 52%-76% on all parameters except outpatient follow-up, which changed insignificantly (6%-15%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although triggered consultation was effective, multimodal layered interventions may achieve even better results and address several identified barriers.
authors.forename: Heather L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Hofflich
authors.forename: Deborah K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Charles H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Choe
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Clay
authors.forename: Courtney
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tibble
authors.forename: Kristi M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kulasa
authors.forename: Priya K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fink
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Girard
authors.forename: Alexandra K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: Gregory A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Maynard
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004704:Endocrinology / Q000458:organization & administration*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D006620:Hip Fractures; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D010348:Patient Care Team; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D058996:Quality Improvement; D012017:Referral and Consultation