title: Antimicrobial and controlled release studies of a novel nystatin conjugated iron oxide nanocomposite.
abstract: Nystatin is a tetraene diene polyene antibiotic showing a broad spectrum of antifungal activity. In the present study, we prepared a nystatin nanocomposite (Nyst-CS-MNP) by loading nystatin (Nyst) on chitosan (CS) coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The magnetic nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The XRD results showed that the MNPs and nanocomposite are pure magnetite. The FTIR analysis confirmed the binding of CS on the surface of the MNPs and also the loading of Nyst in the nanocomposite. The Nyst drug loading was estimated using UV-Vis instrumentation and showing a 14.9% loading in the nanocomposite. The TEM size image of the MNPs, CS-MNP, and Nyst-CS-MNP was 13, 11, and 8 nm, respectively. The release profile of the Nyst drug from the nanocomposite followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The antimicrobial activity of the as-synthesized Nyst and Nyst-CS-MNP nanocomposite was evaluated using an agar diffusion method and showed enhanced antifungal activity against Candida albicans. In this manner, this study introduces a novel nanocomposite that can decrease fungus activity on-demand for numerous medical applications.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia ; Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, P.O. Box 22, Amman 11622, Jordan.
authors.forename: Samer Hasan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hussein-Al-Ali
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia ; Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohamed E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: El Zowalaty
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Aminu Umar
authors.initials: AU
authors.lastname: Kura
authors.affiliation: Departments of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Geilich
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia ; Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Sharida
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fakurazi
authors.affiliation: Departments of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA ; Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Webster
authors.affiliation: Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology (ITMA), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohd Zobir
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Hussein
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry*; D009761:Nystatin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013818:Thermogravimetry
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D009761:Nystatin; C000499:ferric oxide; D048271:Chitosan