title: Chromium resistance of dandelion (Taraxacum platypecidum Diels.) and bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon [Linn.] Pers.) is enhanced by arbuscular mycorrhiza in Cr(VI)-contaminated soils.
abstract: In a greenhouse pot experiment, dandelion (Taraxacum platypecidum Diels.) and bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon[Linn.] Pers.), inoculated with and without arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) Rhizophagus irregularis, were grown in chromium (Cr)-amended soils (0 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, and 20 mg/kg Cr[VI]) to test whether arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis can improve Cr tolerance in different plant species. The experimental results indicated that the dry weights of both plant species were dramatically increased by AM symbiosis. Mycorrhizal colonization increased plant P concentrations and decreased Cr concentrations and Cr translocation from roots to shoots for dandelion; in contrast, mycorrhizal colonization decreased plant Cr concentrations without improvement of P nutrition in bermudagrass. Chromium speciation analysis revealed that AM symbiosis potentially altered Cr species and bioavailability in the rhizosphere. The study confirmed the protective effects of AMF on host plants under Cr contaminations.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Song-Lin
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Bao-Dong
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yu-Qing
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Bai-Hui
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: You-Shan
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D001682:Biological Availability; D002857:Chromium / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D031744:Cynodon / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D013559:Symbiosis; D031205:Taraxacum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002857:Chromium; C074702:chromium hexavalent ion
keywords: Arbuscular mycorrhiza; Bioavailability; Chromium; Metal toxicity; Soil contamination