title: Do people who consciously attend to their movements have more self-reported knee pain? An exploratory cross-sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study explored the relationship between propensity for conscious control of movement (assessed by the Movement-Specific Reinvestment Scale) and self-reported knee pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  General population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adults aged 18 to 55 years of age.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants completed the movement-specific reinvestment scale and a self-report questionnaire on knee pain at the same time on one occasion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data was collected on 101 adults of whom 34 (33.7%) self-reported knee pain. Mean scores on the conscious motor processing subscale of the movement-specific reinvestment scale, but not the movement self-consciousness subscale, were significantly higher for participants who reported knee pain within the previous year compared with those who did not (mean difference 3.03; t-test 2.66, df = 97, P = 0.009; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.77 to 5.30). The association between self-reported knee pain and propensity for conscious motor processing was still observed, even after controlling for movement self-consciousness subscale scores, age, gender and body mass index (adjusted odds ratio 1.16, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.30).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Propensity for conscious control of movement may play a role in knee pain.
authors.affiliation: Allied Health Research Unit, University of Central Lancashire, Lancashire, UK JSelfe1@uclan.ac.uk.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Selfe
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Central Lancashire, Lancashire, UK.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dey
authors.affiliation: Allied Health Research Unit, University of Central Lancashire, Lancashire, UK.
authors.forename: Jim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Richards
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Central Lancashire, Lancashire, UK.
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.affiliation: Allied Health Research Unit, University of Central Lancashire, Lancashire, UK.
authors.forename: Ambreen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chohan
authors.affiliation: Allied Health Research Unit, University of Central Lancashire, Lancashire, UK.
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Payne
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport and Leisure Studies, University of Waikato, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Rich
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Masters
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018771:Arthralgia / Q000523:psychology*; D003243:Consciousness; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D057216:Propensity Score; D057566:Self Report; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Injury; Movement-Specific Reinvestment Scale; knee pain; musculoskeletal