title: Particulate matter in the indoor and outdoor air of a gymnasium and a fronton.
abstract: An indoor/outdoor monitoring programme of PM10 was carried out in two sports venues (a fronton and a gymnasium). Levels always below 50 μg m(-3) were obtained in the fronton and outdoor air. Due to the climbing chalk and the constant process of resuspension, concentrations above 150 μg m(-3) were registered in the gymnasium. The chalk dust contributed to CO3 (2-) concentrations of 32 ± 9.4 μg m(-3) in this sports facility, which represented, on average, 18 % of the PM10 mass. Here, the carbonate levels were 128 times higher than those registered outdoors. Much lower concentrations, around 1 μg m(-3), were measured in the fronton. The chalk dust is also responsible for the high Mg(2+) concentrations in the gym (4.7 ± 0.89 μg m(-3)), unfolding a PM10 mass fraction of 2.7 %. Total carbon accounted for almost 30 % of PM10 in both indoor spaces. Aerosol size distributions were bimodal and revealed a clear dependence on physical activities and characteristics of the sports facilities. The use of climbing chalk in the gymnasium contributed significantly to the coarse mode. The average geometric mean diameter, geometric standard deviation and total number of coarse particles were 0.77 μm, 2.79 cm(-3) and 28 cm(-3), respectively.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Environment and Marine Studies, Department of Environment, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal, celia.alves@ua.pt.
authors.forename: Célia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Ana I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Calvo
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marques
authors.forename: Amaya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Coz
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fraile
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols / Q000032:analysis; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000032:analysis*; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis; D002254:Carbonates / Q000032:analysis; D004391:Dust / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010316:Particle Size; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis*; D013030:Spain; D013177:Sports
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D000393:Air Pollutants; D002254:Carbonates; D004391:Dust; D052638:Particulate Matter; D002244:Carbon