title: The influence of contrast media on kidney function in patients with stable coronary artery disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the incidence of contrast media-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) referred for elective coronary intervention following hydration routines. The reversibility of CIN was followed in a 6 month-period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 447 patients referred for elective coronary intervention due to suspected CAD were included. Blood samples were collected before and 24 h after intervention and medical records were obtained. Patients had no drinking fluid restrictions and were routinely treated with a 1000 ml saline infusion. All patients were invited to a 6-month examination and collection of blood samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 19 patients (4.3%) developed CIN. CIN patients had a pre-investigation higher estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGRF), lower level of kidney failure and lower creatinine level than non-CIN patients. Kidney function was not normalized in CIN patients 6 months after the intervention. Two patients still met the definition of CIN.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With no restriction in fluid intake and supplementary infusion of saline, only a few patients with stable CAD developed early indications of CIN during elective coronary interventions. Kidney function and the amount of contrast media used was not a predictor of CIN development. The induced CIN was not completely normalized in a 6-month follow-up period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen University , Copenhagen , Denmark.
authors.forename: Simon Bertram
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Reuter
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harutyunyan
authors.forename: Naja Dam
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Mygind
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kastrup
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015641:Radiography, Interventional / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D003287:Contrast Media; D003404:Creatinine
keywords: contrast media; coronary artery disease; glomerular filtration rate; ischemic heart disease; kidney function