title: Differences in time use and activity patterns when adding a second job: implications for health and safety in the United States.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We compared work and lifestyle activities for workers who work in 1 job with those who work in multiple jobs during a 1-week period.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used information from the 2003-2011 American Time Use Survey to classify workers into 6 work groups based on whether they were a single (SJH) or multiple (MJH) job holder and whether they worked their primary, other, multiple, or no job on the diary day.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MJHs often worked 2 part-time jobs (20%), long weekly hours (27% worked 60+ hours), and on weekends. The MJHs working multiple jobs on the diary day averaged more than 2 additional work hours (2.25 weekday, 2.75 weekend day; P < .05), odd hours (more often between 5 pm and 7 am), with more work travel time (10 minutes weekday, 9 minutes weekend day; P < .05) and less sleep (-45 minutes weekday, -62 minutes weekend day; P < .05) and time for other household (P < .05) and leisure (P < .05) activities than SJHs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because of long work hours, long daily commutes, multiple shifts, and less sleep and leisure time, MJHs may be at heightened risk of fatigue and injury.
authors.affiliation: The authors are with Center for Injury Epidemiology, Liberty Mutual Research Institute for Safety, Hopkinton, MA.
authors.forename: Helen R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Marucci-Wellman
authors.forename: Tin-Chi
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Joanna L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Willetts
authors.forename: Melanye J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Brennan
authors.forename: Santosh K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Verma
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004651:Employment / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016272:Occupational Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014940:Work Schedule Tolerance / Q000523:psychology