title: Nuclear NF-κB p65 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells correlates with urinary MCP-1, RANTES and the severity of type 2 diabetic nephropathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate if nuclear NF-κB p65 expression in ex vivo isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells correlates with urinary MCP-1 or RANTES and the severity of type 2 diabetic nephropathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  According to their urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR), 107 patients with type 2 diabetes (eGFR >60 ml/min) were divided into normal albuminuria group (DN0 group, 38 cases), microalbuminuria group (DN1 group, 38 cases), and macroalbuminuria group (DN2 group, 31 cases), compared with matched healthy normal control group (NC group, 30 cases). Nuclear NF-κB p65 protein expression levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were detected by western blotting. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect NF-κB p65 mRNA expression and ELISA assay was used to detect the levels of urinary MCP-1 and RANTES.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nuclear NF-κB p65 protein and NF-κB p65 mRNA expression levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, urinary MCP-1/Cr and RANTES/Cr were all significantly higher in all diabetes groups as compared with NC group. In particular, the increase of nuclear NF-κB p65 protein and NF-κB p65 mRNA expressions, urinary MCP-1/Cr and RANTES/Cr all correlated with the severity of type 2 diabetic nephropathy as indicated by the increase in uACR. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that both urinary MCP-1/Cr and RANTES/Cr were positively correlated with nuclear NF-κB p65 protein or NF-κB p65 mRNA levels. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that nuclear NF-κB p65 protein or NF-κB p65 mRNA was an independent variable for urinary MCP-1/Cr, and MCP-1/Cr and RANTES/Cr were two independent variables for uACR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our research demonstrates that nuclear NF-κB p65 protein and mRNA expressions in ex vivo isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells well correlate with urinary MCP-1/Cr, RANTES/Cr and the severity of type 2 diabetic nephropathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Xiaofang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Jishi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Medical experimental center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Lihua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000652:urine*; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000652:urine*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C111835:CCL2 protein, human; C483024:CCL5 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; C498143:RELA protein, human; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA