title: Associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms in cellular viral receptors and attachment factor-related genes and humoral immunity to rubella vaccination.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Viral attachment and cell entry host factors are important for viral replication, pathogenesis, and the generation and sustenance of immune responses after infection and/or vaccination, and are plausible genetic regulators of vaccine-induced immunity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a tag-SNP approach in candidate gene study, we assessed the role of selected cell surface receptor genes, attachment factor-related genes, along with other immune genes in the genetic control of immune response variations after live rubella vaccination in two independent study cohorts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our analysis revealed evidence for multiple associations between genetic variants in the PVR, PVRL2, CD209/DC-SIGN, RARB, MOG, IL6 and other immune function-related genes and rubella-specific neutralizing antibodies after vaccination (meta p-value <0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that multiple SNPs from genes involved in cell adhesion, viral attachment, and viral entry, as well as others in genes involved in signaling and/or immune response regulation, play a role in modulating humoral immune responses following live rubella vaccination.
authors.affiliation: Mayo Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America; Program in Translational Immunovirology and Biodefense, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America.
authors.forename: Iana H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Haralambieva
authors.affiliation: Mayo Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America; Program in Translational Immunovirology and Biodefense, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America.
authors.forename: Nathaniel D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Lambert
authors.affiliation: Mayo Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America; Program in Translational Immunovirology and Biodefense, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America.
authors.forename: Inna G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Ovsyannikova
authors.affiliation: Mayo Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America; Program in Translational Immunovirology and Biodefense, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America.
authors.forename: Richard B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.affiliation: Division of Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America.
authors.forename: Beth R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Larrabee
authors.affiliation: Mayo Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America; Division of Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America.
authors.forename: V Shane
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Pankratz
authors.affiliation: Mayo Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America; Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America; Program in Translational Immunovirology and Biodefense, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America.
authors.forename: Gregory A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Poland
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D022542:Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D063308:Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D012409:Rubella / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D012412:Rubella virus / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination; D053585:Virus Attachment / Q000187:drug effects; D053586:Virus Internalization / Q000187:drug effects; D000099215:DC-Specific ICAM-3 Grabbing Nonintegrin
chemical_list: D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D015850:Interleukin-6; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D022542:Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; D063308:Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D011991:Receptors, Virus; D000099215:DC-Specific ICAM-3 Grabbing Nonintegrin; C508600:IL6 protein, human; C571326:MOG protein, human; C082925:retinoic acid receptor beta