title: Pallidal stimulation in Parkinson's disease does not induce apathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Whereas apathy is known as a common consequence of subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease, few studies have investigated the psychiatric consequences of internal globus pallidus deep brain stimulation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty consecutive parkinsonian patients who underwent bilateral pallidal stimulation were assessed 3 months prior to surgery (M‒3) and at both 3 (M3) and 6 months (M6) after surgery, using psychiatric, neuropsychological, and motor scales. Apathy, mood state, and anxiety state were scored using the Apathy Evaluation Scale, the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, and the anxiety scale from the Association for Methodology and Documentation in Psychiatry, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean apathy score remained stable between the preoperative M‒3 assessment (37.2±6.2) and both the postoperative M3 (36.9±7.5) and M6 (37.2±5.0) assessments. The mean depression score did not differ between the M‒3 assessment and M3 and M6 assessments. There was no difference between the preoperative mean anxiety score and both the postoperative M3 and M6 scores. The mean score for the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale remained stable at each study visit.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The main result of this study is the absence of deterioration in psychiatric and cognitive scores 3 months and 6 months after pallidal stimulation.
authors.forename: Clément
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lozachmeur
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Drapier
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Robert
authors.forename: Thibaut
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dondaine
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Laviolle
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sauleau
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peron
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Le Jeune
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Travers
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Millet
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vérin
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Drapier
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D057565:Apathy; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005917:Globus Pallidus / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012189:Retrospective Studies