title: Do the first, second and third trimester maternal serum hepcidin concentrations clarify obstetric complications?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether first, second, and third-trimester maternal serum hepcidin levels are different in pregnancies with and without adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO).
  
  
  METHODS
  A 165 nullipar pregnant women were included in this prospective cohort study. Serum hepcidin, ferritin, IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP) and Hb values were measured at 11-14, 24-28, and 30-34 weeks of gestation. The relation between these parameters and APO and neonatal outcomes were investigated. Preterm delivery, intrauterine growth restriction, pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension and placental abruption were determined as adverse pregnancy outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The risk of APO was three times higher in women with high IL-6 levels in the second trimester. High hepcidin levels in the second trimester were associated with a 1.6 times increased risk of APO. Newborns of women with high IL-6 levels in the third trimester had a 1.6-fold increased risk of neonatal complications. High ferritin levels in the third trimester were associated with minimally increased risk of neonatal complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mean serum hepcidin levels were similar in all pregnant women, however, elevated second trimester serum hepcidin and IL-6 levels were associated with a higher risk of APO and high third trimester hepcidin, ferritin and IL-6 levels were associated with higher risk of neonatal complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine , Denizli , Turkey .
authors.forename: Serap
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Simavli
authors.forename: Aysel Uysal
authors.initials: AU
authors.lastname: Derbent
authors.forename: Esra Aktepe
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Keskin
authors.forename: Ilknur Inegol
authors.initials: II
authors.lastname: Gumus
authors.forename: Sema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uysal
authors.forename: Nilgun
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Turhan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005293:Ferritins / Q000097:blood; D064451:Hepcidins / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007232:Infant, Newborn, Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D011264:Pregnancy Trimesters / Q000097:blood*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D064451:Hepcidins; D005293:Ferritins
keywords: Adverse pregnancy outcomes; ferritin; hepcidin; neonatal complications