title: Tuberous sclerosis complex: perioperative considerations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), also known as Bourneville disease, is an inherited, progressive neurocutaneous disorder characterized by the potential for hamartoma formation throughout the body. TSC is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder, but more than two-thirds of cases are sporadic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical manifestations and treatment options are discussed. Both surgical and anesthetic perioperative considerations are described in this review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Routine monitoring is appropriate for minor surgical procedures for patients with TSC who have mild disease manifestations. More extensive monitoring is indicated for major procedures that have the potential for significant blood loss and for patients with more severe pathology. Postoperatively, TSC patients should be admitted for monitoring and treatment after more extensive procedures or if significant organ dysfunction occurs. Postoperative complications, which may be related to either the surgery or the TSC pathology itself, may have origins in many different organs and may include seizures, severe hypertension, and bradyarrhythmias.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TSC is a rare disease with a highly variable clinical presentation and provides a multitude of challenges for the patient, the family, and the healthcare team.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA.
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Rabito
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA ; Department of Pharmacology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA.
authors.forename: Alan David
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Kaye
keywords: Genetic diseases–inborn; hamartoma; neurocutaneous syndromes; perioperative care; tuberous sclerosis