title: Immunostimulatory effects of artificial feed supplemented with a Chinese herbal mixture on Oreochromis niloticus against Aeromonas hydrophila.
abstract: The effects of a Chinese herbal mixture (CHM) composed of astragalus, angelica, hawthorn, Licorice root and honeysuckle on immune responses and disease resistant of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus GIFT strain) were investigated in present study. Fish were fed diets containing 0 (control), 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% or 2.0% CHM (w/w) for 4 weeks. And series of immune parameters including lysozyme, cytokine genes TNF-α and IL-1β, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured during test period. After four weeks of feeding, fish were infected with Aeromonas hydrophila and mortalities were recorded. Results of this study showed that feeding Nile tilapia with CHM-supplementation diet stimulated lysozyme activity, SOD activity and POD activity in serum, induced TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA expression in head kidney and spleen, but decreased serum MDA content. All CHM-supplemental groups showed reduced mortalities following A. hydrophila infection compared with the group fed the control diet. These results suggested that this CHM can be applied as a tilapia feed supplement to elevate fish immunity and disease resistance against A. hydrophila.
authors.affiliation: College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
authors.forename: Jufen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
authors.forename: Jiamin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
authors.forename: Yishan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China.
authors.forename: Zaohe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China. Electronic address: jianjc@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jichang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jian
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology; D016980:Aeromonas hydrophila / Q000276:immunology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D023681:Cichlids; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D009113:Muramidase / Q000097:blood; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D017931:DNA Primers; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D009195:Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D009113:Muramidase
keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila; Chinese herbal mixture; Disease resistance; Immune response; Oreochromis niloticus