title: Understanding cultivar-specificity and soil determinants of the cannabis microbiome.
abstract: Understanding microbial partnerships with the medicinally and economically important crop Cannabis has the potential to affect agricultural practice by improving plant fitness and production yield. Furthermore, Cannabis presents an interesting model to explore plant-microbiome interactions as it produces numerous secondary metabolic compounds. Here we present the first description of the endorhiza-, rhizosphere-, and bulk soil-associated microbiome of five distinct Cannabis cultivars. Bacterial communities of the endorhiza showed significant cultivar-specificity. When controlling cultivar and soil type the microbial community structure was significantly different between plant cultivars, soil types, and between the endorhiza, rhizosphere and soil. The influence of soil type, plant cultivar and sample type differentiation on the microbial community structure provides support for a previously published two-tier selection model, whereby community composition across sample types is determined mainly by soil type, while community structure within endorhiza samples is determined mainly by host cultivar.
authors.affiliation: The Field Museum, Department of Science and Education, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America; Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
authors.forename: Max E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Winston
authors.affiliation: Argonne National Laboratory, Institute for Genomic and Systems Biology, Lemont, Illinois, United States of America; Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jarrad
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hampton-Marcell
authors.affiliation: Argonne National Laboratory, Institute for Genomic and Systems Biology, Lemont, Illinois, United States of America; Basque Country Government, Bilbao, Spain.
authors.forename: Iratxe
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zarraonaindia
authors.affiliation: Argonne National Laboratory, Institute for Genomic and Systems Biology, Lemont, Illinois, United States of America; Computation Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
authors.forename: Sarah M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Owens
authors.affiliation: The Field Museum, Department of Science and Education, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
authors.forename: Corrie S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Moreau
authors.affiliation: Argonne National Laboratory, Institute for Genomic and Systems Biology, Lemont, Illinois, United States of America; Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jack A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.forename: Joshua A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hartsel
authors.affiliation: Cannavest, San Diego, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Josh
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hartsel
authors.affiliation: MO BIO Laboratories, Carlsbad, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Suzanne J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.affiliation: Argonne National Laboratory, Institute for Genomic and Systems Biology, Lemont, Illinois, United States of America; Graduate Program in Biophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Gibbons
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000254:growth & development; D002186:Cannabinoids / Q000378:metabolism; D002188:Cannabis / Q000254:growth & development / Q000382:microbiology*; D064307:Microbiota; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000382:microbiology; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D058441:Rhizosphere; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012988:Soil Microbiology
chemical_list: D002186:Cannabinoids; D012987:Soil