title: Antioxidant responses in clam Venerupis philippinarum exposed to environmental pollutant hexabromocyclododecane.
abstract: The objective of this study was to assess the potential toxic effects of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) on tissues of clam Venerupis philippinarum using parameters of antioxidant defenses and oxidative stress. Antioxidant biomarkers including ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH), as well as DNA damage and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in gills and digestive glands of V. philippinarum, were analyzed after a 1-, 3-, 6-, 10-, and 15-day exposure to seawater containing HBCD at environmentally related concentrations, respectively. The results showed that the activity of most antioxidant enzymes increased, and different trends were detected with exposure time extending. The oxidative stress could be obviously caused in the gills and digestive glands under the experimental conditions. This could provide useful information for toxic risk assessment of environmental pollutant HBCD.
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Luqing
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Yanxia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tao
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002681:China; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000378:metabolism; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D005880:Gills / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated / Q000633:toxicity*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C089796:hexabromocyclododecane; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione