title: Surgical resident evaluations of portable laparoscopic box trainers incorporated into a simulation-based minimally invasive surgery curriculum.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Box trainers have been shown to be an effective tool for teaching laparoscopic skills; however, residents are challenged to find practice time. Portable trainers theoretically allow for extended hands on practice out of the hospital. We aimed to report resident experience with laparoscopic home box trainers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Over 2 years, all residents rotating through a minimally invasive service were given a portable trainer and access to a surgical simulation lab for practice. Each trainer contained a collapsible frame, a webcam with USB port, trocars, and laparoscopic instruments (needle driver, shears, Maryland and straight dissecting graspers) as well as Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery skills testing materials. Residents were asked to log hours, usages, and their experience anonymously.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-three residents received a portable trainer. Fifty percent of the participants found the trainer useful or very useful, 25% said it was not useful, and 25% did not access the trainer. Those that used the trainer during their rotation did so 3.1 ± 3.0 times for 2.9 ± 3.0 hours/week. After completing their rotation, 5 of 12 residents used their trainer for an average of 10.2 ± 9.4 hours. Forty-two percent of the responders liked the accessibility of the home box trainers, while 25% criticized the camera-computer interface.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Portable box trainers are useful and can effectively supplement a laboratory-based surgical simulation curriculum; however, personal possession of a portable simulator does not result in voluntarily long-term practice.
authors.affiliation: NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew A C
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Zapf
authors.affiliation: NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA mujiki@northshore.org.
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Ujiki
mesh_terms: D004502:Education, Medical, Continuing / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000193:education*; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000193:education*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: image guided surgery; simulation; surgical education