title: Laser-enhanced cytotoxicity of zoledronic acid and cisplatin on primary human fibroblasts and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell line UM-SCC-3.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is used in parodontitis treatment in combination with an antimicrobial photosensitizer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the combination of LLLT with cisplatin and zoledronic acid as potential photosensitizer in-vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary human fibroblasts (PHF) and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells (HNSCC, exactly UM-SCC-3) were treated with different concentrations of zoledronatic acid and cisplatin and irradiated twice with a diode laser (wavelength 670 nm, 2 min). Cell viability was tested by XTT assay and histomorphological analysis with HE staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LLLT increased bioviability for both cell lines (p < 0.001). LLLT lowered PHF viability at the highest concentrations of cisplatin (p = 0.027 and p = 0.005) and zoledronic acid (p < 0.001). For HNSCCs, LLLT reduced cell viability at every concentration of cisplatin (all p < 0.05). In cases of incubation with zoledronic acid, similar to fibroblasts, laser therapy lowered cell viability at the highest concentration only (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that LLLT enhances the effect of cisplatin and zoledronic acid in the discussed cells in order to develop new therapeutic options for cysts in the cranio-maxillofacial region and other appropriate indications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Marburg, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Campus Marburg, Baldingerstraße, D-35037 Marburg, Germany. Electronic address: heymann.paul@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Paul G B
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Heymann
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Marburg, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Campus Marburg, Baldingerstraße, D-35037 Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mandic
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University of Rostock, Schillingallee 35, 18055 Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: Peer W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Kämmerer
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Marburg, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Campus Marburg, Baldingerstraße, D-35037 Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kretschmer
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Marburg, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Campus Marburg, Baldingerstraße, D-35037 Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Akram
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saydali
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Marburg, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Campus Marburg, Baldingerstraße, D-35037 Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Neff
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Marburg, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Campus Marburg, Baldingerstraße, D-35037 Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Florian G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Draenert
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000633:toxicity*; D004396:Coloring Agents; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000633:toxicity*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000633:toxicity*; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D054023:Lasers, Semiconductor / Q000627:therapeutic use; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D000077211:Zoledronic Acid
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004396:Coloring Agents; D004164:Diphosphonates; D007093:Imidazoles; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; C059087:2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-((phenylamino)carbonyl)-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide; D000077211:Zoledronic Acid; D002945:Cisplatin
keywords: Enhancing cytotoxicity; KCOT; LLLT