title: Single-donor and double-donor sperm intrauterine insemination cycles: does double intrauterine insemination increase clinical pregnancy rates?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the pregnancy outcomes in the setting of a single- vs. double-donor sperm intrauterine insemination (IUI) treatment cycle.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Large, private assisted reproductive technology practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Donor sperm IUI recipients.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical pregnancy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 2,486 double and 673 single-donor sperm IUI cycles. The two groups were similar for age, body mass index, and the number of prior cycles. The clinical pregnancy rates were similar between the two groups (single: 16.4% vs. double: 13.6%). In univariate regression analysis, age, total motile sperm, and diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) were associated with pregnancy. Generalized estimating equation models accounting for repeated measures, age, DOR and total motile sperm and the interactions of these factors demonstrated that single and double IUI had similar odds of pregnancy (odds ratio 1.12; 95% confidence interval, 0.96-1.44). Pregnancy rates remained similar between the two groups in matched comparison and other subgroup analyses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Single and double-donor IUI cycles had similar clinical pregnancy rates. This large data set did not demonstrate a benefit to routine double IUI in donor sperm cycles.
authors.affiliation: Shady Grove Fertility Reproductive Science Center, Rockville, Maryland; Program in Reproductive and Adult Endocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Shvetha M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Zarek
authors.affiliation: Shady Grove Fertility Reproductive Science Center, Rockville, Maryland; Program in Reproductive and Adult Endocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Micah J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.affiliation: Shady Grove Fertility Reproductive Science Center, Rockville, Maryland.
authors.forename: Kevin S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Richter
authors.affiliation: Program in Reproductive and Adult Endocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Mae
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Program in Reproductive and Adult Endocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Alan H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: DeCherney
authors.affiliation: Shady Grove Fertility Reproductive Science Center, Rockville, Maryland.
authors.forename: Joseph E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Osheroff
authors.affiliation: Shady Grove Fertility Reproductive Science Center, Rockville, Maryland. Electronic address: eric.levens@integramed.com.
authors.forename: Eric D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Levens
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007316:Insemination, Artificial, Heterologous / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000379:methods; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013094:Spermatozoa; D014019:Tissue Donors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Donor sperm; double intrauterine insemination; ovulation induction