title: Pasture v. standard dairy cream in high-fat diet-fed mice: improved metabolic outcomes and stronger intestinal barrier.
abstract: Dairy products derived from the milk of cows fed in pastures are characterised by higher amounts of conjugated linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid (ALA), and several studies have shown their ability to reduce cardiovascular risk. However, their specific metabolic effects compared with standard dairy in a high-fat diet (HFD) context remain largely unknown; this is what we determined in the present study with a focus on the metabolic and intestinal parameters. The experimental animals were fed for 12 weeks a HFD containing 20 % fat in the form of a pasture dairy cream (PDC) or a standard dairy cream (SDC). Samples of plasma, liver, white adipose tissue, duodenum, jejunum and colon were analysed. The PDC mice, despite a higher food intake, exhibited lower fat mass, plasma and hepatic TAG concentrations, and inflammation in the adipose tissue than the SDC mice. Furthermore, they exhibited a higher expression of hepatic PPARα mRNA and adipose tissue uncoupling protein 2 mRNA, suggesting an enhanced oxidative activity of the tissues. These results might be explained, in part, by the higher amounts of ALA in the PDC diet and in the liver and adipose tissue of the PDC mice. Moreover, the PDC diet was found to increase the proportions of two strategic cell populations involved in the protective function of the intestinal epithelium, namely Paneth and goblet cells in the small intestine and colon, compared with the SDC diet. In conclusion, a PDC HFD leads to improved metabolic outcomes and to a stronger gut barrier compared with a SDC HFD. This may be due, at least in part, to the protective mechanisms induced by specific lipids.
authors.affiliation: Lyon University, Univ Lyon-1,Villeurbanne,France.
authors.forename: Bérengère
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Benoit
authors.affiliation: INSA-Lyon, IMBL,Villeurbanne,France.
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Plaisancié
authors.affiliation: INSA-Lyon, IMBL,Villeurbanne,France.
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Géloën
authors.affiliation: INSA-Lyon, IMBL,Villeurbanne,France.
authors.forename: Monique
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Estienne
authors.affiliation: INSERM U1060, INRA UMR1397, Cardiovascular Metabolism Diabetes and Nutrition laboratory,F-69921Oullins,France.
authors.forename: Cyrille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Debard
authors.affiliation: INSERM U1060, INRA UMR1397, Cardiovascular Metabolism Diabetes and Nutrition laboratory,F-69921Oullins,France.
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Meugnier
authors.affiliation: INSERM U1060, INRA UMR1397, Cardiovascular Metabolism Diabetes and Nutrition laboratory,F-69921Oullins,France.
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Loizon
authors.affiliation: INSA-Lyon, IMBL,Villeurbanne,France.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Daira
authors.affiliation: Lyon University, Univ Lyon-1,Villeurbanne,France.
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bodennec
authors.affiliation: Sodiaal-Candia R&D,F-75755Paris,France.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Cousin
authors.affiliation: INSERM U1060, INRA UMR1397, Cardiovascular Metabolism Diabetes and Nutrition laboratory,F-69921Oullins,France.
authors.forename: Hubert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vidal
authors.affiliation: Lyon University, Univ Lyon-1,Villeurbanne,France.
authors.forename: Fabienne
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Laugerette
authors.affiliation: INSA-Lyon, IMBL,Villeurbanne,France.
authors.forename: Marie-Caroline
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Michalski
mesh_terms: D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000822:Animal Husbandry; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D003611:Dairy Products / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D055951:Functional Food / Q000032:analysis; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007774:Lactation; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008892:Milk / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015434:Panniculitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development; D006109:Poaceae / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats