title: Prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms, overactive bladder and urinary incontinence in western Turkey: results of a population-based survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms, urinary incontinence and overactive bladder in western Turkey.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional, population-based survey was carried out between May and October 2012. A random sample of 2128 women and men aged ≥18 years was selected from the health registries. A questionnaire including sociodemographic data, comorbid conditions, lower urinary tract symptoms, overactive bladder and urinary incontinence symptoms, body mass index, vital signs, and dipstick urinalysis was developed. The questions were answered by the participants, and remaining data were provided by the site staff. International Continence Society definitions were used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 1571 (74%) individuals agreed to participate, and analysis were carried out on 1555 people (636 men [40.9%] and 919 women [59.1%]) after 16 individuals with a nitrite-positive dipstick test were excluded. Lower urinary tract symptoms were reported by 71.0% of the study population. The prevalence of storage, voiding and post-micturition symptoms were 56.1% (44.2% men, 64.1% women), 39.3% (40.9% men, 37.8% women) and 30.7% (38.6% men, 28.7% women), respectively. The most prevalent storage symptom was urgency, which was reported by 29.3% of the study population (20.1% men, 35.6% women). The prevalence of urge, stress and mixed urinary incontinence were: 6.5% (3.9% men, 8.2% women), 14.1% (3.9% men, 21.2% women) and 5.6% (0.8% men, 9.0% women), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study is the first and largest population-based survey evaluating the prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms, urinary incontinence and overactive bladder in Turkey. Our findings show these symptoms are highly prevalent in western Turkey.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ali E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Zumrutbas
authors.forename: Ali I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Bozkurt
authors.forename: Erdogan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tas
authors.forename: Cenk I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Acar
authors.forename: Okan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Alkis
authors.forename: Kazim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Coban
authors.forename: Bulent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cetinel
authors.forename: Zafer
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Aybek
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D059411:Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology; D053201:Urinary Bladder, Overactive / Q000453:epidemiology; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000453:epidemiology; D053202:Urinary Incontinence, Urge / Q000453:epidemiology; D014555:Urination Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: incontinence; lower urinary tract symptoms; overactive bladder; prevalence