title: External nasal valve collapse: validation of novel outcome measurement tool.
abstract: We aim to validate a clinical scoring system of external nasal valve collapse. External nasal valve collapse is a rare and challenging condition. We attempted to simplify the examination of the external valve, the surgical planning and the outcome measure. To validate our external valve score, we first assessed its reliability (inter-rater agreement and test-retest repeatability). We secondly considered the clinical relevance by using our scoring system in patients undergoing septorhinoplasty for external valve collapse.
  
  
  
  For validation, 16 Rhinologists scored patients separately on two occasions. For the clinical relevance, 26 patients with external valve collapse were scored pre- and post-operatively (responsiveness). The external valve score was correlated to peak nasal inspiratory flow.
  
  
  
  The devised scoring system was reliable (substantial agreement between 16 surgeons with reproducibility over time). All patients in our prospective series showed significant improvement in their external valve score. The quality of life measured by the SNOT-22 tool showed significant improvement after surgery.
  
  
  
  External nasal valve collapse can be diagnosed and graded using this simple scoring system in the outpatient clinic. This paper reinforces the pivotal role of septorhinoplasty surgery in nasal airway reconstruction and the ongoing need to quantify success.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Poirrier
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahluwalia
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kwame
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chau
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bentley
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Andrews
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000473:pathology*; D015508:Nasal Obstruction / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D009300:Nasal Septum / Q000601:surgery; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012225:Rhinoplasty; D012720:Severity of Illness Index