title: Face recognition in simulated prosthetic vision: face detection-based image processing strategies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Given the limited visual percepts elicited by current prosthetic devices, it is essential to optimize image content in order to assist implant wearers to achieve better performance of visual tasks. This study focuses on recognition of familiar faces using simulated prosthetic vision.
  
  
  METHODS
  Combined with region-of-interest (ROI) magnification, three face extraction strategies based on a face detection technique were used: the Viola-Jones face region, the statistical face region (SFR) and the matting face region.
  
  
  RESULTS
  These strategies significantly enhanced recognition performance compared to directly lowering resolution (DLR) with Gaussian dots. The inclusion of certain external features, such as hairstyle, was beneficial for face recognition. Given the high recognition accuracy achieved and applicable processing speed, SFR-ROI was the preferred strategy. DLR processing resulted in significant face gender recognition differences (i.e. females were more easily recognized than males), but these differences were not apparent with other strategies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Face detection-based image processing strategies improved visual perception by highlighting useful information. Their use is advisable for face recognition when using low-resolution prosthetic vision. These results provide information for the continued design of image processing modules for use in visual prosthetics, thus maximizing the benefits for future prosthesis wearers.
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiaobei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yanyu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kan
authors.forename: Xinyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D003198:Computer Simulation; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005145:Face; D005260:Female; D006197:Hair; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009666:Nose / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D057488:Visual Prosthesis; D055815:Young Adult