title: Evolving treatment approaches for the management of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer - role of radium-223.
abstract: Radium-223 is a first-in-class alpha particle-emitting radiopharmaceutical approved for the treatment of bone metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Radium-223 is administered intravenously with no requirement for complex shielding and specifically targets areas of bone metastasis. In a randomized placebo-controlled Phase III study, treatment with radium-223 was shown to improve overall survival, time to skeletal-related events, and health-related quality of life. Apart from radium-223, the cytotoxic chemotherapy agents docetaxel and cabazitaxel, androgen biosynthesis inhibitor abiraterone acetate, novel anti-androgen enzalutamide, and immunotherapy sipuleucel-T have also been shown to improve survival of men with advanced prostate cancer in Phase III trials. This review will outline current treatment approaches for advanced prostate cancer with a focus on the role of radium-223 in changing treatment paradigms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology/Oncology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mukherji
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology/Oncology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Imane
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: El Dika
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology/Oncology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Sally
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Temraz
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haidar
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology/Oncology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shamseddine
keywords: Alpharadin; alpha-emitting radionuclide; bone metastasis