title: Evaluation of compressive strength of hydraulic silicate-based root-end filling materials.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hydraulic silicate cements such as mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) have many clinical advantages. Newer hydraulic silicate materials have been developed that improve on the limitations of mineral trioxide aggregate such as the long setting time and difficult handling characteristics. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of saline and fetal bovine serum (FBS) on the setting and compressive strength of the following hydraulic silicate cements: ProRoot MTA (white WMTA; Dentsply International, Tulsa Dental Specialties, Johnson City, TN), EndoSequence Root Repair Material (Brasseler USA, Savannah, GA), MTA Plus (MTAP; Avalon Biomed Inc, Bradenton, FL), and QuickSet (QS; Avalon Biomed Inc, Bradenton, FL).
  
  
  METHODS
  Samples of root-end filling materials were compacted into polyethylene molds. Samples were exposed to FBS or saline for 7 days. A universal testing machine was used to determine the compressive strengths.
  
  
  RESULTS
  QS had significantly lower compressive strength than all other materials (P < .001). White MTA and MTAP mixed with liquid had lower compressive strengths after exposure to FBS compared with saline (P = .003). ERRM, MTAP mixed with gel, and QS were not affected by the exposure to FBS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  New silicate-based root-end filling materials, other than QS, have compressive strength similar to MTA. Within the limits of this study, premixed materials and those mixed with antiwashout gel maintain their compressive strength when exposed to biological fluids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas.
authors.forename: Ryan M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas.
authors.forename: Karl F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Woodmansey
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas.
authors.forename: Gerald N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Glickman
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas. Electronic address: jhe@bcd.tamhsc.edu.
authors.forename: Jianing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D002417:Cattle; D019245:Compressive Strength; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005782:Gels; D006244:Hardness; D008422:Materials Testing; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D012184:Retrograde Obturation / Q000379:methods; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D044967:Serum; D012823:Silicate Cement / Q000737:chemistry*; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D013314:Stress, Mechanical
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D004338:Drug Combinations; C550603:EndoSequence root repair material; D005782:Gels; D010087:Oxides; D019279:Resin Cements; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; D012823:Silicate Cement; D012965:Sodium Chloride; C094675:Quickset cement
keywords: Compressive strength; MTA; hydraulic silicate cement; root-end filling