title: Quantifying the effects of anagenetic and cladogenetic evolution.
abstract: An ongoing debate in evolutionary biology is whether phenotypic change occurs predominantly around the time of speciation or whether it instead accumulates gradually over time. In this work I propose a general framework incorporating both types of change, quantify the effects of speciational change via the correlation between species and attribute the proportion of change to each type. I discuss results of parameter estimation of Hominoid body size in this light. I derive mathematical formulae related to this problem, the probability generating functions of the number of speciation events along a randomly drawn lineage and from the most recent common ancestor of two randomly chosen tip species for a conditioned Yule tree. Additionally I obtain in closed form the variance of the distance from the root to the most recent common ancestor of two randomly chosen tip species.
authors.affiliation: Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology and the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. Electronic address: bartoszekkj@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bartoszek
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005075:Biological Evolution; D003198:Computer Simulation; D049810:Genetic Speciation; D015186:Hominidae; D008957:Models, Genetic; D010641:Phenotype; D010802:Phylogeny; D013269:Stochastic Processes
keywords: Branching diffusion process; Conditioned branching process; Phyletic gradualism; Punctuated equilibrium; Quadratic variation; Yule–Ornstein–Uhlenbeck with jumps process