title: Dynamic functional imaging of brain glucose utilization using fPET-FDG.
abstract: Glucose is the principal source of energy for the brain and yet the dynamic response of glucose utilization to changes in brain activity is still not fully understood. Positron emission tomography (PET) allows quantitative measurement of glucose metabolism using 2-[(18)F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). However, FDG PET in its current form provides an integral (or average) of glucose consumption over tens of minutes and lacks the temporal information to capture physiological alterations associated with changes in brain activity induced by tasks or drug challenges. Traditionally, changes in glucose utilization are inferred by comparing two separate scans, which significantly limits the utility of the method. We report a novel method to track changes in FDG metabolism dynamically, with higher temporal resolution than exists to date and within a single session. Using a constant infusion of FDG, we demonstrate that our technique (termed fPET-FDG) can be used in an analysis pipeline similar to fMRI to define within-session differential metabolic responses. We use visual stimulation to demonstrate the feasibility of this method. This new method has a great potential to be used in research protocols and clinical settings since fPET-FDG imaging can be performed with most PET scanners and data acquisition and analysis are straightforward. fPET-FDG is a highly complementary technique to MRI and provides a rich new way to observe functional changes in brain metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
authors.forename: Marjorie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Villien
authors.affiliation: Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
authors.forename: Hsiao-Ying
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Wey
authors.affiliation: Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Mandeville
authors.affiliation: Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
authors.forename: Ciprian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Catana
authors.affiliation: Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Polimeni
authors.affiliation: Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
authors.forename: Christin Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Sander
authors.affiliation: Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
authors.forename: Nicole R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Zürcher
authors.affiliation: Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Chonde
authors.affiliation: Biosciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
authors.forename: Joanna S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Fowler
authors.affiliation: Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
authors.forename: Bruce R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.affiliation: Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Biosciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA. Electronic address: hooker@nmr.mgh.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Jacob M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hooker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000378:metabolism; D059907:Functional Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006935:Hypercapnia / Q000175:diagnosis; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D064847:Multimodal Imaging; D010215:Papio; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
keywords: 2-[(18)F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG); Glucose utilization; MR/PET; PET; Visual stimulus