title: Efficiency improvement of a vertical light-emitting diode through surface plasmon coupling and grating scattering.
abstract: The enhancement of output intensity, the generation of polarized output, and the reduction of the efficiency droop effect in a surface plasmon (SP) coupled vertical light-emitting diode (LED) with an Ag nano-grating structure located between the p-GaN layer and the wafer bonding metal for inducing SP coupling with the InGaN/GaN quantum wells (QWs) are demonstrated. In fabricating the vertical LED, the patterned sapphire substrate is removed with a photoelectrochemical liftoff technique. Based on the reflection measurement from the metal grating structure and the numerical simulation result, it is found that the localized surface plasmon (LSP) resonance induced around the metal grating crest plays the major role in the SP-QW coupling process although a hybrid mode of LSP and surface plasmon polariton can be generated in the coupling process. By adding a surface grating structure to the SP-coupled vertical LED on the n-GaN side, the output intensity is further enhanced, the output polarization ratio is further increased, and the efficiency droop effect is further suppressed.
authors.forename: Chun-Han
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chieh
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Charng-Gan
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Horng-Shyang
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Pei-Ying
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.forename: Che-Hao
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Yean-Woei
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Kiang
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chih-Han
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Guan-Ru
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Jui-Hung
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: Ta-Cheng
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Hsu