title: Female sex and oligoarthritis category are not risk factors for uveitis in Italian children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the risk factors for chronic anterior uveitis in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical charts of patients followed between January 1987 and December 2011 were reviewed to establish whether they had uveitis. Inclusion criteria were a diagnosis of JIA and a disease category of persistent oligoarthritis, extended oligoarthritis, rheumatoid factor-negative polyarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, or undifferentiated arthritis. Risk factors included sex, age at arthritis onset, disease category, and antinuclear antibody (ANA) status. The association of risk factors with occurrence of uveitis was evaluated by survival analysis, with first episode of uveitis as the event of interest, and Cox regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of a total of 1189 patients, 278 (23.4%) had uveitis a median of 1.1 years after onset of arthritis. There was no difference in the cumulative probability of developing uveitis between males and females and between patients belonging to different JIA categories, whereas uveitis was strongly associated with age at arthritis onset ≤ 3.5 years and positive ANA. Patients possessing the latter 2 factors in combination had a greater probability of having uveitis than patients who had either of them alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our patients, the risk of uveitis was related to younger age at onset of arthritis and presence of ANA, but not to female sex and disease category. This finding suggests that the patients who require the most intensive ophthalmologic screening are those who have early-onset JIA and are ANA-positive, regardless of their sex or disease subtype.
authors.affiliation: From the Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa; Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia; Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy.S. Calandra, MD, research fellow; M.C. Gallo, MD, resident in pediatrics; A. Consolaro, MD, PhD, research fellow; A. Pistorio, MD, PhD, medical director; B. Lattanzi, MD, PhD, research fellow; F. Bovis, BSA, research fellow, Istituto Giannina Gaslini; V. Muratore, MD, resident in pediatrics, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo; R. De Marco, MD, Dirigente Medico, Istituto Giannina Gaslini; A. Martini, MD, professor of pediatrics; A. Ravelli, MD, associate professor of pediatrics, Istituto Giannina Gaslini and Università degli Studi di Genova.
authors.forename: Serena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Calandra
authors.affiliation: From the Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa; Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia; Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy.S. Calandra, MD, research fellow; M.C. Gallo, MD, resident in pediatrics; A. Consolaro, MD, PhD, research fellow; A. Pistorio, MD, PhD, medical director; B. Lattanzi, MD, PhD, research fellow; F. Bovis, BSA, research fellow, Istituto Giannina Gaslini; V. Muratore, MD, resident in pediatrics, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo; R. De Marco, MD, Dirigente Medico, Istituto Giannina Gaslini; A. Martini, MD, professor of pediatrics; A. Ravelli, MD, associate professor of pediatrics, Istituto Giannina Gaslini and Università degli Studi di Genova.
authors.forename: Maria Chiara
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Gallo
authors.affiliation: From the Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa; Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia; Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy.S. Calandra, MD, research fellow; M.C. Gallo, MD, resident in pediatrics; A. Consolaro, MD, PhD, research fellow; A. Pistorio, MD, PhD, medical director; B. Lattanzi, MD, PhD, research fellow; F. Bovis, BSA, research fellow, Istituto Giannina Gaslini; V. Muratore, MD, resident in pediatrics, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo; R. De Marco, MD, Dirigente Medico, Istituto Giannina Gaslini; A. Martini, MD, professor of pediatrics; A. Ravelli, MD, associate professor of pediatrics, Istituto Giannina Gaslini and Università degli Studi di Genova.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Consolaro
authors.affiliation: From the Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa; Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia; Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy.S. Calandra, MD, research fellow; M.C. Gallo, MD, resident in pediatrics; A. Consolaro, MD, PhD, research fellow; A. Pistorio, MD, PhD, medical director; B. Lattanzi, MD, PhD, research fellow; F. Bovis, BSA, research fellow, Istituto Giannina Gaslini; V. Muratore, MD, resident in pediatrics, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo; R. De Marco, MD, Dirigente Medico, Istituto Giannina Gaslini; A. Martini, MD, professor of pediatrics; A. Ravelli, MD, associate professor of pediatrics, Istituto Giannina Gaslini and Università degli Studi di Genova.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pistorio
authors.affiliation: From the Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa; Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia; Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy.S. Calandra, MD, research fellow; M.C. Gallo, MD, resident in pediatrics; A. Consolaro, MD, PhD, research fellow; A. Pistorio, MD, PhD, medical director; B. Lattanzi, MD, PhD, research fellow; F. Bovis, BSA, research fellow, Istituto Giannina Gaslini; V. Muratore, MD, resident in pediatrics, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo; R. De Marco, MD, Dirigente Medico, Istituto Giannina Gaslini; A. Martini, MD, professor of pediatrics; A. Ravelli, MD, associate professor of pediatrics, Istituto Giannina Gaslini and Università degli Studi di Genova.
authors.forename: Bianca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lattanzi
authors.affiliation: From the Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa; Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia; Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy.S. Calandra, MD, research fellow; M.C. Gallo, MD, resident in pediatrics; A. Consolaro, MD, PhD, research fellow; A. Pistorio, MD, PhD, medical director; B. Lattanzi, MD, PhD, research fellow; F. Bovis, BSA, research fellow, Istituto Giannina Gaslini; V. Muratore, MD, resident in pediatrics, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo; R. De Marco, MD, Dirigente Medico, Istituto Giannina Gaslini; A. Martini, MD, professor of pediatrics; A. Ravelli, MD, associate professor of pediatrics, Istituto Giannina Gaslini and Università degli Studi di Genova.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bovis
authors.affiliation: From the Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa; Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia; Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy.S. Calandra, MD, research fellow; M.C. Gallo, MD, resident in pediatrics; A. Consolaro, MD, PhD, research fellow; A. Pistorio, MD, PhD, medical director; B. Lattanzi, MD, PhD, research fellow; F. Bovis, BSA, research fellow, Istituto Giannina Gaslini; V. Muratore, MD, resident in pediatrics, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo; R. De Marco, MD, Dirigente Medico, Istituto Giannina Gaslini; A. Martini, MD, professor of pediatrics; A. Ravelli, MD, associate professor of pediatrics, Istituto Giannina Gaslini and Università degli Studi di Genova.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Muratore
authors.affiliation: From the Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa; Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia; Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy.S. Calandra, MD, research fellow; M.C. Gallo, MD, resident in pediatrics; A. Consolaro, MD, PhD, research fellow; A. Pistorio, MD, PhD, medical director; B. Lattanzi, MD, PhD, research fellow; F. Bovis, BSA, research fellow, Istituto Giannina Gaslini; V. Muratore, MD, resident in pediatrics, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo; R. De Marco, MD, Dirigente Medico, Istituto Giannina Gaslini; A. Martini, MD, professor of pediatrics; A. Ravelli, MD, associate professor of pediatrics, Istituto Giannina Gaslini and Università degli Studi di Genova.
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: De Marco
authors.affiliation: From the Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa; Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia; Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy.S. Calandra, MD, research fellow; M.C. Gallo, MD, resident in pediatrics; A. Consolaro, MD, PhD, research fellow; A. Pistorio, MD, PhD, medical director; B. Lattanzi, MD, PhD, research fellow; F. Bovis, BSA, research fellow, Istituto Giannina Gaslini; V. Muratore, MD, resident in pediatrics, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo; R. De Marco, MD, Dirigente Medico, Istituto Giannina Gaslini; A. Martini, MD, professor of pediatrics; A. Ravelli, MD, associate professor of pediatrics, Istituto Giannina Gaslini and Università degli Studi di Genova.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martini
authors.affiliation: From the Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa; Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia; Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy.S. Calandra, MD, research fellow; M.C. Gallo, MD, resident in pediatrics; A. Consolaro, MD, PhD, research fellow; A. Pistorio, MD, PhD, medical director; B. Lattanzi, MD, PhD, research fellow; F. Bovis, BSA, research fellow, Istituto Giannina Gaslini; V. Muratore, MD, resident in pediatrics, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo; R. De Marco, MD, Dirigente Medico, Istituto Giannina Gaslini; A. Martini, MD, professor of pediatrics; A. Ravelli, MD, associate professor of pediatrics, Istituto Giannina Gaslini and Università degli Studi di Genova. angeloravelli@ospedale-gaslini.ge.it.
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ravelli
mesh_terms: D017668:Age of Onset; D001171:Arthritis, Juvenile / Q000150:complications*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D014605:Uveitis / Q000209:etiology*
keywords: IRIDOCYCLITIS; JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS; JUVENILE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; RISK FACTORS; UVEITIS