title: Rapid large-scale culturing of microencapsulated hepatocytes: a promising approach for cell-based hepatic support.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The efficacy of any bioartificial liver device requires both rapid production and proper bioactivity of the cells for the bioreactor. The goal of this study was to observe the effect of spinner speed and cell density on the proliferation of microencapsulated immortalized human hepatocytes (HepLL) and human hepatoma (HepG2) cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Alginate-chitosan microcapsulated HepG2 and HepLL cells were randomly divided into 2 groups, and each group was further divided into 8 subgroups according to embedded cell density and spinner speed. The growth, metabolism, and functions of the encapsulated cells in each group were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In each group, the cell number, ammonium removal, albumin synthesis, and diazepam clearance increased significantly with the spinner speed, whereas embedded cell density had no impact. Albumin synthesis, removal of ammonium, and diazepam clearance were significantly higher in the microencapsulated HepLL groups than in HepG2 cells at any time point, without any significant difference in cell numbers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Spinner culture significantly promoted microencapsulated HepLL and HepG2 cell bioactivity. Wrapped cells had optimal function on day 10 in rolling culture groups. These data show that HepLL cells would be a promising candidate for cell-based liver support therapy.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Infectious Disease Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. Electronic address: ljli@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000418:Albumins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003975:Diazepam / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004339:Drug Compounding; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D003975:Diazepam