title: Targeting the androgen receptor with steroid conjugates.
abstract: The androgen receptor (AR) is a major therapeutic target in prostate cancer pharmacology. Progression of prostate cancer has been linked to elevated expression of AR in malignant tissue, suggesting that AR plays a central role in prostate cancer cell biology. Potent therapeutic agents can be precisely crafted to specifically target AR, potentially averting systemic toxicities associated with nonspecific chemotherapies. In this review, we describe various strategies to generate steroid conjugates that can selectively engage AR with high potency. Analogies to recent developments in nonsteroidal conjugates targeting AR are also evaluated. Particular focus is placed on potential applications in AR pharmacology. The review culminates with a description of future prospects for targeting AR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, New York University , New York, New York 10003, United States.
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Garabedian
authors.forename: Kent
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kirshenbaum
mesh_terms: D059002:Androgen Receptor Antagonists / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000728:Androgens / Q000378:metabolism; D015195:Drug Design; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008958:Models, Molecular; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D013256:Steroids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: C410798:AR protein, human; D059002:Androgen Receptor Antagonists; D000728:Androgens; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D013256:Steroids