title: Comparative assessment of marginal accuracy of grade II titanium and Ni-Cr alloy before and after ceramic firing: An in vitro study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aims of the study are to assess the marginal accuracy of base metal and titanium alloy casting and to evaluate the effect of repeated ceramic firing on the marginal accuracy of base metal and titanium alloy castings.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty metal copings were fabricated with each casting material. Specimens were divided into 4 groups of 10 each representing base metal alloys castings without (Group A) and with metal shoulder margin (Group B), titanium castings without (Group C) and with metal shoulder margin (Group D). The measurement of fit of the metal copings was carried out before the ceramic firing at four different points and the same was followed after porcelain build-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant difference was found when Ni-Cr alloy samples were compared with Grade II titanium samples both before and after ceramic firings. The titanium castings with metal shoulder margin showed highest microgap among all the materials tested.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on the results that were found and within the limitations of the study design, it can be concluded that there is marginal discrepancy in the copings made from Ni-Cr and Grade II titanium. This marginal discrepancy increased after ceramic firing cycles for both Ni-Cr and Grade II titanium. The comparative statistical analysis for copings with metal-collar showed maximum discrepancy for Group D. The comparative statistical analysis for copings without metal-collar showed maximum discrepancy for Group C.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital, Pune, India.
authors.forename: Abhijit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Shree Bankey Bihari Dental College and Research Centre, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Kishan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Shree Bankey Bihari Dental College and Research Centre, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Sukant
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sahoo
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Shree Bankey Bihari Dental College and Research Centre, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Suraj
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suvarna
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Shree Bankey Bihari Dental College and Research Centre, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Prince
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Shree Bankey Bihari Dental College and Research Centre, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Anupam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Singh
keywords: Ni–Cr (Nickel–Chromium); titanium; titanium casting