title: Study of the anesthetic efficacy of inferior alveolar nerve block using articaine in irreversible pulpitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine the anesthetic efficacy of inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) using 4% articaine and 2% lidocaine supplemented with buccal infiltration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty five patients, diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis of a mandibular posterior tooth were included in the study. The first group of 15 patients received 2% lidocaine with 1:200000 epinephrine, the second group 2% lidocaine with 1: 80,000 epinephrine and the third group of 15 subjects received 4% articaine with 1:100000 epinephrine. During the access cavity preparation those patients who complained of pain received an additional buccal infiltration. The percentage of subjects who got profound anesthesia and failure to achieve anesthesia were calculated and tabulated using a visual analog scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results revealed that 87% of subjects who received 4% Articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine got satisfactory anesthesia with inferior alveolar nerve block alone. Only 2 (13%) subjects received an additional buccal infiltration and none of the patients failed to obtain complete anesthesia with articaine. In comparison only 40% of subjects got complete anesthesia with 2% lidocaine with 1:200000 and 60% with 2% lidocaine with 1:80,000.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It can be concluded that 4% articaine can be used effectively for obtaining profound anesthesia for endodontic procedures in patients with irreversible pulpitis.
authors.affiliation: Assistant Consultant, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Zeeshan H
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Oral Surgery, Triveni Dental College and Research Centre, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ravikumar
authors.affiliation: Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, The Oxford Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Rupali
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Karale
authors.affiliation: Lecturer, Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Preethanath
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sukumaran
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000766:Anesthesia, Dental; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002355:Carticaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008340:Mandibular Nerve / Q000187:drug effects*; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods*; D010146:Pain / Q000517:prevention & control; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D011671:Pulpitis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D064232:Visual Analog Scale; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D008012:Lidocaine; D002355:Carticaine; D004837:Epinephrine