title: Systolic blood pressure levels among adults with hypertension and incident cardiovascular events: the atherosclerosis risk in communities study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Studies document a progressive increase in heart disease risk as systolic blood pressure (SBP) rises above 115 mm Hg, but it is unknown whether an SBP lower than 120 mm Hg among adults with hypertension (HTN) lowers heart failure, stroke, and myocardial infarction risk.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the risk of incident cardiovascular (CV) events among adults with HTN according to 3 SBP levels: 140 mm Hg or higher; 120 to 139 mm Hg; and a reference level of lower than 120 mm Hg.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 4480 participants with HTN but without prevalent CV disease at baseline (years 1987-1989) from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study were included. Measurements of SBP were taken at baseline and at 3 triennial visits; SBP was treated as a time-dependent variable and categorized as elevated (≥140 mm Hg), standard (120-139 mm Hg), and low (<120 mm Hg). Multivariable Cox regression models included baseline age, sex, diabetes status, BMI, high cholesterol level, smoking status, and alcohol intake.
  
  
  METHODS
  Incident composite CV events (heart failure, ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, or death related to coronary heart disease).
  
  
  RESULTS
  After a median follow-up of 21.8 years, a total of 1622 incident CV events had occurred. Participants with elevated SBP developed incident CV events at a significantly higher rate than those in the low BP group (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.46; 95% CI, 1.26-1.69). However, there was no difference in incident CV event-free survival among those in the standard vs low SBP group (adjusted HR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.85-1.17). Further adjustment for BP medication use or diastolic BP did not significantly affect the results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among patients with HTN, having an elevated SBP carries the highest risk for cardiovascular events, but in this categorical analysis, once SBP was below 140 mm Hg, an SBP lower than 120 mm Hg did not appear to lessen the risk of incident CV events.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Carlos J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Katrina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Swett
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Sunil K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
authors.forename: Aaron R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Folsom
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson.
authors.forename: Ervin R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
authors.forename: Laura R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Loehr
authors.affiliation: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Hanyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
authors.forename: Wayne D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Rosamond
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
authors.forename: Patricia P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000453:epidemiology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015994:Incidence; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D013599:Systole
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents