title: Antifouling coating with controllable and sustained silver release for long-term inhibition of infection and encrustation in urinary catheters.
abstract: Urinary tract infections constitute a large proportion of nosocomial infections, and the urinary catheter is the most important predisposing factor. Encrustation induced by urease-producing uropathogens like Proteus mirabilis causes further complications. In the present work, a strategy for controllable and sustained release of silver over several weeks has been developed for combating bacterial infection and encrustation in urinary devices. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were first immobilized on polydopamine (PDA) pre-treated silicone catheter surface and this was followed by another PDA coating. The number of AgNP-PDA bilayers could be manipulated to control the amount of silver loaded and its subsequent release. Poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate-co-acrylamide) was then grafted to provide an antifouling outer layer, and to ensure free diffusion of Ag from the surface. The micron-scale combination of an antifouling coating with AgNP-PDA bilayers reduced colonization of the urinary catheter by uropathogens by approximately two orders of magnitude. With one and two AgNP-PDA bilayers, the coated catheter could resist encrustation for 12 and 45 days, respectively, compared with approximately 6 days with the Dover™ silver-coated catheter. Such anti-infective and anti-encrustation catheters can potentially have a large impact on reducing patient morbidity and healthcare expenditure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Koon Gee
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Neoh
authors.forename: En-Tang
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Paul Anantharajah
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Tambyah
authors.forename: Edmund
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chiong
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects*; D001622:Betaine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D017276:Friction; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007211:Indoles; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D053758:Nanoparticles; D011108:Polymers; D011513:Proteus mirabilis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012828:Silicones; D018030:Silver Compounds; D012835:Silver Nitrate / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D012995:Solubility; D012996:Solutions; D013552:Swine; D013718:Tensile Strength; D013997:Time Factors; D001743:Urinary Bladder; D014546:Urinary Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects*; D062885:Urinary Catheters; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D007211:Indoles; D011108:Polymers; D012828:Silicones; D018030:Silver Compounds; D012996:Solutions; C000604231:poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate-co-acrylamide); C568283:polydopamine; D001622:Betaine; D012835:Silver Nitrate
keywords: catheter; encrustation; infection; silver nanoparticles; surface modification