title: Immunobiotic Lactobacillus jensenii as immune-health promoting factor to improve growth performance and productivity in post-weaning pigs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Immunoregulatory probiotics (immunobiotics) have been proposed to improve piglets' immune system to avoid intestinal infections and reduce unproductive inflammation after weaning. Previously, it was demonstrated that Lactobacillus jensenii TL2937 (LjTL2937) attenuated the inflammatory response triggered by activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) in porcine intestinal epithelial (PIE) cells and antigen presenting cells (APCs) from porcine Peyer's patches (PP).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In view of the critical importance of PIE-APCs interactions in the regulation of intestinal immune responses, we aimed to examine the effect of LjTL2937 on activation patterns of APCs from swine PPs in co-cultures with PIE cells. In addition, we investigated whether LjTL2937 was able to beneficially modulate intestinal immunity of piglets after weaning to improve immune-health status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stimulation of PIE-APCs co-cultures with LjTL2937 increased the expression of MHC-II, CD80/86, IL-10, and Bcl-3 in CD172a+CD11R1- and CD172a+CD11R1high APCs. In addition, the TL2937 strain caused the upregulation of three negative regulators of TLR4 in PIE cells: MKP-1, Bcl-3 and A20. These changes significantly reduced the inflammatory response triggered by TLR4 activation in PIE-APCs co-cultures. The in vivo experiments using castrated male piglets (crossbreeding (LWD) with Landrace (L), Large Yorkshire (W) and Duroc (D))of 3 weeks of age demonstrated that feeding with LjTL2937 significantly reduced blood complement activity and C reactive protein concentrations while no changes were observed in blood leukocytes, ratio of granulocytes to lymphocyte numbers, macrophages' activity and antibody levels. In addition, treatment with LjTL2937 significantly improved growth performance and productivity, and increased carcass quality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrated that the use of immunobiotics strains like LjTL2937, as supplemental additives for piglets feedings, could be used as a strategy to maintain and improve intestinal homeostasis; that is important for the development of the pig and for health and performance throughout the productive life of the animal.
authors.forename: Yoshihito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suda
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Villena
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Shoichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hosoya
authors.forename: Yohsuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tomosada
authors.forename: Kohichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsukida
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimazu
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aso
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tohno
authors.forename: Mitsuharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Seiya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Makino
authors.forename: Shuji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ikegami
authors.affiliation: Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Products Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural Science Tohoku University, 981-8555 Sendai, Japan. haruki@bios.tohoku.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Haruki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kitazawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015870:Gene Expression; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010581:Peyer's Patches / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D019936:Probiotics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013552:Swine; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014886:Weaning
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors