title: Isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers and analysis of genetic diversity in Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.).
abstract: Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill, 2n = 2× = 24, Rhamnaceae) is an economically important Chinese native species. It has high nutritional value, and its medicinal properties have led to extensive use in traditional oriental medicine. The characterization of genotypes using molecular markers is important for genetic studies and plant breeding. However, few simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers are available for this species. In this study, 1,488 unique SSR clones were isolated from Z. jujuba 'Dongzao' using enriched genomic libraries coupled with a three-primer colony PCR screening strategy, yielding a high enrichment rate of 73.3%. Finally, 1,188 (80.87%) primer pairs were amplified successfully in the size expected for 'Dongzao'. A total of 350 primer pairs were further selected and evaluated for their ability to detect polymorphisms across a panel of six diverse cultivars; among these, 301 primer pairs detected polymorphisms, and the polymorphism information content (PIC) value across all loci ranged from 0.15 to 0.82, with an average of 0.52. An analysis of 76 major cultivars employed in Chinese jujube production using 31 primer pairs revealed comparatively high genetic diversity among these cultivars. Within-population differences among individuals accounted for 98.2% of the observed genetic variation. Neighbor-joining clustering divided the cultivars into three main groups, none of which correspond to major geographic regions, suggesting that the genetics and geographical origin of modern Chinese jujube cultivars might not be linked. The current work firstly reports the large-scale development of Chinese jujube SSR markers. The development of these markers and their polymorphic information represent a significant improvement in the available Chinese jujube genomic resources and will facilitate both genetic and breeding applications, further accelerating the development of new cultivars.
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Center for Computational Biology, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Siqi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Center for Computational Biology, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Center for Computational Biology, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Liying
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Center for Computational Biology, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Huabo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Center for Computational Biology, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Center for Computational Biology, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Center for Computational Biology, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Center for Computational Biology, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yingyue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Center for Computational Biology, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Rongling
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Center for Computational Biology, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pang
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000378:metabolism; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015723:Gene Library; D056426:Genetic Loci; D014644:Genetic Variation; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D059372:Nucleotide Motifs / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid / Q000235:genetics; D031957:Ziziphus / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D018744:DNA, Plant