title: Neurodevelopment. Parasympathetic neurons originate from nerve-associated peripheral glial progenitors.
abstract: The peripheral autonomic nervous system reaches far throughout the body and includes neurons of diverse functions, such as sympathetic and parasympathetic. We show that the parasympathetic system in mice--including trunk ganglia and the cranial ciliary, pterygopalatine, lingual, submandibular, and otic ganglia--arise from glial cells in nerves, not neural crest cells. The parasympathetic fate is induced in nerve-associated Schwann cell precursors at distal peripheral sites. We used multicolor Cre-reporter lineage tracing to show that most of these neurons arise from bi-potent progenitors that generate both glia and neurons. This nerve origin places cellular elements for generating parasympathetic neurons in diverse tissues and organs, which may enable wiring of the developing parasympathetic nervous system.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. A.V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia.
authors.forename: Vyacheslav
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dyachuk
authors.affiliation: Unit of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Furlan
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Maryam Khatibi
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Shahidi
authors.affiliation: Unit of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Marcela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giovenco
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kaukua
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Medical Research Council (MRC) National Institute for Medical Research, London, UK.
authors.forename: Chrysoula
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Konstantinidou
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Medical Research Council (MRC) National Institute for Medical Research, London, UK.
authors.forename: Vassilis
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pachnis
authors.affiliation: Unit of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Fatima
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Memic
authors.affiliation: Unit of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ulrika
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Marklund
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, The Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin-Buch, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, The Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin-Buch, Germany.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Birchmeier
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Kaj
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fried
authors.affiliation: Unit of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. igor.adameyko@ki.se patrik.ernfors@ki.se.
authors.forename: Patrik
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ernfors
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. igor.adameyko@ki.se patrik.ernfors@ki.se.
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Adameyko
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005726:Ganglia, Parasympathetic / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D056347:Neuroanatomical Tract-Tracing Techniques / Q000379:methods; D055495:Neurogenesis; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D010275:Parasympathetic Nervous System / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology*; D055757:SOXE Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012583:Schwann Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D055757:SOXE Transcription Factors; C499317:Ascl1 protein, mouse; C527924:Sox10 protein, mouse