title: Nevirapine concentrations in preterm and low birth weight HIV-exposed infants: implications for dosing recommendations.
abstract: World Health Organisation guidelines recommend nevirapine 2 mg/kg/d for HIV-exposed infants <2 kg, but 4-6 mg/kg/d for infants >2 kg. In 116 low birth weight infants, nevirapine 2 mg/kg/d until 14 days, and 4 mg/kg/d thereafter, was safe (1 mild possibly related rash) and achieved target plasma concentrations. Concentrations decreased with treatment duration. Routine dose increase at 14 days should be considered.
authors.affiliation: From the *Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, and †Department of Paediatrics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town; and ‡Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
authors.forename: Reneé
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Waal
authors.forename: S Max
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kroon
authors.forename: Sandi L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Holgate
authors.forename: Alan R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Horn
authors.forename: Lloyd J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Tooke
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Norman
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blockman
authors.forename: Mark F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Cotton
authors.forename: Helen M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: McIlleron
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cohen
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D019829:Nevirapine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D010949:Plasma / Q000737:chemistry; D047928:Premature Birth
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D019829:Nevirapine