title: Hepatitis B reactivation in patients with multiple myeloma and isolated positive hepatitis B core antibody: a call for greater cognizance.
abstract: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation is a well-established complication of severe immunosuppression in patients with hematologic malignancy and positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Patients who receive high-dose chemotherapy, corticosteroids, rituximab, or have a bone marrow transplant are particularly at increased risk for HBV reactivation. However, limited information is available in the literature regarding HBV reactivation in patients with isolated anti-HBc, particularly in the setting of multiple myeloma (MM). We report two cases of HBV reactivation in MM patients with isolated anti-HBc positive with a rather atypical presentation. In conclusion, our cases highlight that clinicians need to be cognizant about this potentially fatal but preventable complication of chemotherapy and immunosuppression.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Myeloma Institute for Research and Therapy. University of Arkansas For Medical Science, Little Rock, AR, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Ju Dong
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Myeloma Institute for Research and Therapy. University of Arkansas For Medical Science, Little Rock, AR, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Mohit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Girotra
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Myeloma Institute for Research and Therapy. University of Arkansas For Medical Science, Little Rock, AR, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Restrepo
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Myeloma Institute for Research and Therapy. University of Arkansas For Medical Science, Little Rock, AR, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Waheed
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Myeloma Institute for Research and Therapy. University of Arkansas For Medical Science, Little Rock, AR, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Bart
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Barlogie
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Myeloma Institute for Research and Therapy. University of Arkansas For Medical Science, Little Rock, AR, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Andres
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Duarte-Rojo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D006512:Hepatitis B Core Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D036102:Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004279:DNA, Viral; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006512:Hepatitis B Core Antigens