title: Chronic complications in newly diagnosed patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus in India.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prevalence of diabetes is on an increase in India, currently there is limited nation-wide data regarding the prevalence of chronic complications in diabetic patients at diagnosis. This information will help health-care professionals approach management more aggressively to prevent complications.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of chronic complications in newly-diagnosed Type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients in India.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a cross-sectional survey of T2D patients, diagnosed within 3 months of their first visit to the centers doing the survey. Each patient was screened for diabetic complications, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and body mass index. Family history was recorded. Standard protocols were used to make the diagnosis of retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy. Data analysis was carried out using the standard statistical techniques.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the total 4,600 (males 67%, females 33%) newly diagnosed patients with T2D, majority were from the age group 41-50 years (40%). 13.15% of newly detected India T2D had neuropathy 6.1% had retinopathy and 1.06% had nephropathy. Risk factors of macro vascular complication such as hypertension, obesity, and dyslipidemia were observed in 23.3%, 26%, and 27% of patients respectively. Ischemic heart disease was noticed in 6%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High prevalence of micro vascular complications was present at diagnosis along with association of CV cardiovascular risk factors among Indian T2D. In view of this, screening must be instituted for all diabetics for complications at the time of diagnosis itself.
authors.affiliation: Diabetologist, Diacon Hospital, Bangalore, India.
authors.forename: Aravind
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sosale
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, MSRMC, Bangalore, India.
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Prasanna Kumar
authors.affiliation: Consultant Diabetologist, Jaslok Hospital, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Sadikot
authors.affiliation: Consultant Diabetologist Nigam Diabetes Center, Jaipur, India.
authors.forename: Anant
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nigam
authors.affiliation: Consultant Endocrinologist, Srinagar, India.
authors.forename: Sarita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bajaj
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, MLN Medical College, Allahabad, India.
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Zargar
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Singh
keywords: Complications; dyslipidemia; hypertension; neuropathy; prevalence; retinopathy; type 2 diabetes mellitus