title: Gallbladder tumor and pseudotumor: Diagnosis and management.
abstract: The most common gallbladder disease, by far, is cholecystolithiasis. Nevertheless, the discovery of abnormal thickening of the gallbladder wall or a tumorous lesion (with or without gallstones), is a frequent problem. The physician who confronts this finding must be aware of the various lesions to be considered in the differential diagnosis, whether neoplastic or pseudotumoral, epithelial or not, benign or malignant. Because of the particularly grim prognosis of gallbladder cancer, especially when discovered at a late stage, it is especially important to focus on the potential for malignant degeneration of any gallbladder lesion. Imaging plays an important role in distinguishing these lesions; ultrasound remains the key diagnostic tool for gallbladder disease, but other modalities including CT and MRI may help to characterize these lesions. The resulting treatment strategies vary widely depending on the risk of malignancy. A wide and extensive resection is recommended for malignant lesions; prophylactic cholecystectomy is recommended for lesions at risk for malignant degeneration while observation is indicated for purely benign lesions.
authors.affiliation: Service de chirurgie digestive, hôpital Haut Levêque, CHU de Bordeaux, 1, avenue de Magellan, 33604 Pessac cedex, France. Electronic address: johannazemour@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zemour
authors.affiliation: Service d'anatomopathologie, hôpital Haut Levêque, CHU de Bordeaux, 1, avenue de Magellan, 33604 Pessac cedex, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marty
authors.affiliation: Service d'imagerie médicale, hôpital Haut Levêque, CHU de Bordeaux, 1, avenue de Magellan, 33604 Pessac cedex, France.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lapuyade
authors.affiliation: Service de chirurgie digestive, hôpital Haut Levêque, CHU de Bordeaux, 1, avenue de Magellan, 33604 Pessac cedex, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Collet
authors.affiliation: Service de chirurgie digestive, hôpital Haut Levêque, CHU de Bordeaux, 1, avenue de Magellan, 33604 Pessac cedex, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chiche
mesh_terms: D002763:Cholecystectomy / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D005705:Gallbladder Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006104:Granuloma, Plasma Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D015996:Survival Rate; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler / Q000379:methods
keywords: Atypical cholecystitis; Gallbladder cancer; Gallbladder imaging; Gallbladder polyp; Gallbladder pseudotumor