title: Membrane topology of transmembrane proteins: determinants and experimental tools.
abstract: Membrane topology refers to the two-dimensional structural information of a membrane protein that indicates the number of transmembrane (TM) segments and the orientation of soluble domains relative to the plane of the membrane. Since membrane proteins are co-translationally translocated across and inserted into the membrane, the TM segments orient themselves properly in an early stage of membrane protein biogenesis. Each membrane protein must contain some topogenic signals, but the translocation components and the membrane environment also influence the membrane topology of proteins. We discuss the factors that affect membrane protein orientation and have listed available experimental tools that can be used in determining membrane protein topology.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hunsang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, South Korea. Electronic address: joy@snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Hyun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006031:Glycosylation; D006801:Humans; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D008958:Models, Molecular; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D021381:Protein Transport
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D008563:Membrane Lipids; D008565:Membrane Proteins
keywords: Membrane proteins; Membrane topology; Positive inside rule; Topology reporter