title: Scoping review of patient-centered care approaches in healthcare.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this scoping review was to describe how three tenants of patient-centered care provision: communication, partnership, and health promotion are addressed in patient-centered care models/frameworks across the literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  A scoping review of literature published in English since 1990 was conducted using Medline, CINAHL, and EMBASE. A key term search strategy was employed using "patient-centered care", "client-centered care", "framework" and "model" to identify relevant studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Application of the search strategy resulted in a hit total of 101 articles. Nineteen articles met inclusion criteria, of which 12 were review articles; 5 were qualitative research papers; one was a randomized control trial; and one was a prospective study. From these articles, 25 different patient-centered care frameworks/models were identified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The fact that all identified approaches to patient-centered care incorporated strategies to achieve effective communication, partnership, and health promotion indicates that clinicians can select a patient-centered approach from the literature that best suits their patient's needs, and be confident that it will satisfy the three core elements of patient-centered care provision. While empirical literature on specific patient-centric frameworks and models was limited, much empiric evidence was sourced for the most consistently defined component of patient-centered care, communication.
authors.affiliation: School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West, L8S 1C7, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. constamk@mcmaster.ca.
authors.forename: Marissa K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Constand
authors.forename: Joy C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: MacDermid
authors.forename: Vanina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dal Bello-Haas
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Law
mesh_terms: D003142:Communication; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D017146:Models, Organizational; D018802:Patient-Centered Care / Q000458:organization & administration*