title: Sedentary time and markers of inflammation in people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated whether objectively measured sedentary time was associated with markers of inflammation in adults with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We studied 285 adults (184 men, 101 women, mean age 59.0 ± 9.7) who had been recruited to the Early ACTivity in Diabetes (Early ACTID) randomised controlled trial. C-reactive protein (CRP), adiponectin, soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and accelerometer-determined sedentary time and moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were measured at baseline and after six-months. Linear regression analysis was used to investigate the independent cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of sedentary time with markers of inflammation. At baseline, associations between sedentary time and IL-6 were observed in men and women, an association that was attenuated following adjustment for waist circumference. After 6 months of follow-up, sedentary time was reduced by 0.4 ± 1.2 h per day in women, with the change in sedentary time predicting CRP at follow-up. Every hour decrease in sedentary time between baseline and six-months was associated with 24% (1, 48) lower CRP. No changes in sedentary time between baseline and 6 months were seen in men.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Higher sedentary time is associated with IL-6 in men and women with type 2 diabetes, and reducing sedentary time is associated with improved levels of CRP in women. Interventions to reduce sedentary time may help to reduce inflammation in women with type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, UK; National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Unit in Nutrition, Diet and Lifestyle, University of Bristol, UK. Electronic address: Catherine.falconer@bristol.ac.uk.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Falconer
authors.affiliation: Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, UK; National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Unit in Nutrition, Diet and Lifestyle, University of Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.affiliation: Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Walhin
authors.affiliation: Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Page
authors.affiliation: School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.affiliation: Nottingham Clinical Trials Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Montgomery
authors.affiliation: School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Sharp
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Diabetes and Metabolism, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Dayan
authors.affiliation: School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Andrews
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood*; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; C573420:ICAM1 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: Breaks in sedentary time; Inflammation; Sedentary time; Type 2 diabetes