title: The left inferior frontal gyrus is involved in adjusting response bias during a perceptual decision-making task.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Changing the way we make decisions from one environment to another allows us to maintain optimal decision-making. One way decision-making may change is how biased one is toward one option or another. Identifying the regions of the brain that underlie the change in bias will allow for a better understanding of flexible decision-making.
  
  
  METHODS
  An event-related, perceptual decision-making task where participants had to detect a picture of an animal amongst distractors was used during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Positive and negative financial motivation were used to affect a change in response bias, and changes in decision-making behavior were quantified using signal detection theory.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Response bias became relatively more liberal during both positive and negative motivated trials compared to neutral trials. For both motivational conditions, the larger the liberal shift in bias, the greater the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) activity. There was no relationship between individuals' belief that they used a different strategy and their actual change in response bias.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present findings suggest that the left IFG plays a role in adjusting response bias across different decision environments. This suggests a potential role for the left IFG in flexible decision-making.
authors.affiliation: Division of Mental Health and Addiction, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital Oslo, Norway ; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Greg E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Reckless
authors.affiliation: Division of Mental Health and Addiction, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital Oslo, Norway ; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Olga T
authors.initials: OT
authors.lastname: Ousdal
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroradiology, Oslo University Hospital Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Andres
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Server
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Walter
authors.affiliation: Division of Mental Health and Addiction, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital Oslo, Norway ; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Ole A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Andreassen
authors.affiliation: Division of Mental Health and Addiction, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital Oslo, Norway ; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway ; Centre for Psychology, Kristianstad University Kristianstad, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jimmy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jensen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping; D003657:Decision Making / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation / Q000502:physiology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: fMRI; inferior frontal gyrus; motivation; perceptual decision-making; signal detection theory