title: Mitral annulus displacement measured by two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging to assess the left ventricular longitudinal systolic function in coronary heart disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the clinical utility of measuring mitral annulus displacement (MAD) by two-dimensional speckle tracking for the rapid evaluation of left ventricular longitudinal systolic function in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Left ventricular longitudinal systolic function was evaluated by MAD using speckle tracking echocardiography in 30 healthy volunteers (controls) as well as in 30 patients with mild, 30 patients with moderate, and 30 patients with severe CHD. All participants had their apical four-chamber and two-chamber view echocardiographic images recorded. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume, left ventricular end-systolic volume, and left ventricular ejection fraction were calculated by the biplane Simpson method. MAD of interventricular septum (MADsep), left ventricular lateral wall (MADlat), and the middle point of the mitral annulus (MADmid) were measured offline with speckle-tracking echocardiography. MADmid% was defined as MADmid divided by left ventricular end-diastolic diameter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MADmid% was 16.9 ± 1.9, 11.8 ± 3.2, 11.8 ± 2.9, and 10.3 ± 3.6, respectively, in controls and in patients with mild, moderate, and severe CHD. All MAD indexes were lower in patients with moderate or severe CHD than in controls or patients with mild CHD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MAD is an early and rapid index for the assessment of left ventricular longitudinal systolic function in patients with different degrees of coronary artery disease.
authors.affiliation: The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical College, No. 2, Sec. 5, Renmin Road, Guta District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Pooja
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thapa
authors.forename: Yuan Yuan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.forename: Yu Hong
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014463:Ultrasonography; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: coronary artery disease; left ventricle; mitral annulus displacement; speckle tracking echocardiography; systolic function