title: Immune responses and protective efficacy of recombinant outer membrane protein R (rOmpR)-based vaccine of Aeromonas hydrophila with a modified adjuvant formulation in rohu (Labeo rohita).
abstract: Despite the importance and success of developing a candidate vaccine against Aeromonas hydrophila infection in fish, little is known about the molecular mechanisms of the vaccine-induced immunoprotection in Indian major carp, Labeo rohita, primarily due to lack of information on most of the immune related genes of the species. In this study, a novel candidate antigen recombinant outer membrane protein R (rOmpR) of A. hydrophila was evaluated as a vaccine candidate along with a modified adjuvant formulation. Protective efficacy of the rOmpR immunization was assessed in terms of survival against A. hydrophila challenge as well as modulation of immune response in vaccinated fish after 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 72 h and 10 days post-injection (using immune gene expression analysis) and 10, 28, 56 and 140 days post-injection (serum immune parameter analysis). The generated immune response was compared with a formalin-killed A. hydrophila antigen preparation using mineral oil only and modified adjuvant alone. We report a variable up-regulation of the immune-related genes viz., lysozyme G, complement factor 4, immunoglobulin M, β2-microglobulin, major histocompatibility complex I and II, and interleukin-1β in anterior kidney and spleen tissues at early time points post-immunization in all the groups, when compared to the control fish. The vaccinated fish also showed an increase in serum natural hemolysin titer, lysozyme and myeloperoxidase activities, and antibody titer irrespective of vaccine formulations as compared to control fish on days 10, 28 and 56. However, the increase in the serum parameters was more pronounced on day 140 in rOmpR-modified adjuvant injected group, indicating the modulatory role of this new vaccine formulation. Upon challenge with live A. hydrophila on days 56 and 140 post-immunization, significantly reduced percent mortality was noted in the group immunized with modified adjuvant based rOmpR vaccine formulation. Taken together, our results suggest that rOmpR along with modified adjuvant could potentially be used as a vaccine formulation to handle A. hydrophila infection on a long-term basis.
authors.affiliation: Fish Health Management Division, Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar 751002, India.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dash
authors.affiliation: Fish Health Management Division, Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar 751002, India. Electronic address: pksahoo1@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Sahoo
authors.affiliation: Gene Regulation Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110 067, India.
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Gene Regulation Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110 067, India.
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Garg
authors.affiliation: Gene Regulation Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110 067, India.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dixit
mesh_terms: D016980:Aeromonas hydrophila / Q000276:immunology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D002347:Carps; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology; D009113:Muramidase / Q000097:blood; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D009195:Peroxidase; D009113:Muramidase
keywords: Adjuvant; Aeromonas hydrophila; Immunity; Labeo rohita; Outer membrane protein R