title: Ventilatory requirements of quadriceps resistance training in people with COPD and healthy controls.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is proposed that resistance training (RT) does not activate the cardiopulmonary system to the same extent as whole-body exercise. This is important for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who are ventilatory limited.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim was to assess the ventilatory response to an isokinetic quadriceps RT program in people with COPD and healthy controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ISRCTN22764439.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outpatient, university teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  People with COPD (n=14) and healthy controls (n=11) underwent breath-by-breath analysis of their ventilation during an RT session (five sets of 30 maximal knee extensions at 180°/sec). Subjects performed a maximal cycle ergometry test (CET) at baseline. Peak ventilation (VE; L/min) and oxygen consumption (VO2; mL/kg/min) were collected. The same system measured VO2 and VE during the RT session. Parameters are presented as a percentage of the maximal CET. Isokinetic workload, symptom scores, heart rate (HR), and oxygen saturation were documented post-training.
  
  
  RESULTS
  People with COPD worked at higher percentages of their maximal capacity than controls (mean range between sets 1-5 for VO2 =49.1%-60.1% [COPD], 45.7%-51.43% [controls] and for VE =57.6%-72.2% [COPD], 49.8%-63.6% [controls]), although this was not statistically significant (P>0.1 in all cases). In absolute terms, the difference between groups was only significant for actual VO2 on set 2 (P<0.05). Controls performed more isokinetic work than patients with COPD (P<0.05). Median Borg symptom scores after RT were the same in both groups (3 breathlessness, 13 exertion), no de-saturation occurred, and both groups were training at ≥65% of their maximum HR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No statistically significant differences were found between people with COPD and healthy controls for VO2 and VE achieved during training. The symptoms associated with training were within acceptable limits.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.
authors.forename: Linzy
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Houchen-Wolloff
authors.affiliation: Centre for Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.
authors.forename: Carolyn J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Sandland
authors.affiliation: Centre for Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.
authors.forename: Samantha L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.affiliation: Centre for Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.
authors.forename: Manoj K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Menon
authors.affiliation: Centre for Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.
authors.forename: Mike D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.affiliation: Centre for Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.
authors.forename: Michael C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Steiner
authors.affiliation: Centre for Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK ; Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK.
authors.forename: Sally J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001944:Breath Tests; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004739:England; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D010045:Outpatients; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation; D052097:Quadriceps Muscle / Q000503:physiopathology*; D055070:Resistance Training; D013147:Spirometry; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: exercise; resistance training; strength training; ventilation