title: SVCT2 transporter expression is post-natally induced in cortical neurons and its function is regulated by its short isoform.
abstract: Different studies have demonstrated the importance of micronutrients, such as vitamins, for normal adult brain function and development. Vitamin C is not synthesized in the brain, but high levels are detected in this organ because of the existence of specific uptake mechanisms, which concentrate ascorbic acid from the bloodstream to the cerebrospinal fluid and then into neurons and glial cells. Two different isoforms of sodium-vitamin C cotransporters (SVCT1 and SVCT2) have been cloned. SVCT2 expression has been observed in the adult hippocampus and cortical neurons by in situ hybridization. In addition, the localization of SVCT2 in the rat fetal brain has been studied by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, demonstrating that SVCT2 is highly expressed in the ventricular and subventricular areas of the brain cortex. However, there are currently no immunohistochemical data regarding SVCT2 expression and function in the post-natal brain. Therefore, we analyzed SVCT2 expression in the developing brain cortex of mice, and demonstrated an increase in SVCT2 mRNA in mice at 1-15 days of age. The expression of a short isoform, SVCT2sh, was also detected within the same period. SVCT2 expression was concentrated in neurons within the inner layer of the brain cortex. Both SVCT2 isoforms were coexpressed in N2a cells to obtain functional data. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis revealed a molecular interaction between SVCT2wt and SVCT2sh. Finally, differences in transport ratios suggested that SVCT2sh expression inhibited ascorbic acid uptake in N2a cells when both isoforms were coexpressed. The sodium-vitamin C cotransporter, SVCT2, is induced in neurons within the inner layer of the brain cortex during post-natal development, mainly in pyramidal cortex neurons. Two different isoforms, SVCT2wt and SVCT2sh, were detected. Using in vitro studies, we suggest a molecular interaction between SVCT2wt and SVCT2sh, which may regulate the affinity of vitamin C uptake.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Neurobiología y Células Madres, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Centro de Microscopía Avanzada CMA-BIOBIO, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
authors.forename: Katterine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Salazar
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cerda
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sarmiento
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: García-Robles
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Tapia
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cifuentes
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nualart
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D060347:Sodium-Coupled Vitamin C Transporters / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D020033:Protein Isoforms; C555165:Slc23a2 protein, mouse; D060347:Sodium-Coupled Vitamin C Transporters; D001205:Ascorbic Acid
keywords: brain cortex; fluorescence resonance energy transfer; hetero-oligomerization; short isoform; sodium-vitamin C cotransporter 2; superresolution