title: Nitrogen and phosphorus losses from agricultural systems in China: a meta-analysis.
abstract: Studies worldwide have indicated that agricultural pollution is the main source of nitrogen and phosphorus (N and P) in surface waters. A systematic understanding of N and P sources and sinks in agricultural systems is important for selecting the appropriate remedial strategies to control nutrient losses and water pollution. Based on nationwide data and a long-term monitoring program in Southeast China, the nationwide spatial and temporal patterns of N and P losses and the relationships between such losses and N and P inputs and rainfall were analyzed. The results showed that the annual nutrient losses from agricultural systems in China strongly varied, and the N/P values ranged from 0.01 to 51.0, with a majority at approximately 0-20, and an arithmetic mean of 9.73; these values mostly overlap the suitable range of N/P (6-15) for red bloom algae.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiang'an District, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China. Electronic address: caodi@stu.xmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiang'an District, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China. Electronic address: wzcao@xmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Wenzhi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiang'an District, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiang'an District, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
authors.forename: Longyan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods; D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005068:Eutrophication; D005308:Fertilizers; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis*; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014871:Water Microbiology; D014876:Water Pollution
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers; D010710:Phosphates; D010758:Phosphorus; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: EMCs and SMC; N loss; Nitrogen to phosphorus stoichiometry ratio; P loss