title: Toll-like receptors and hypertension.
abstract: Hypertension and associated inflammatory processes that accelerate cardiovascular damage are regulated by the innate immune system. Toll-like receptors (TLR) are major components of the innate immune system that recognize endogenous damage-associated molecular patterns to activate prominent inflammatory signaling including activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). However, the role of TLR in the etiology of hypertension is not well understood. TLR signaling is dependent on adaptor proteins that, along with the TLR expression patterns, confer specificity of the inflammatory response and its pathological targets. Here we review the conceptual framework of how TLR and their adaptor proteins may differentially affect hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy by different stimuli.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa; Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa; and madhu-singh@uiowa.edu.
authors.forename: Madhu V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa; Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa; and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.
authors.forename: François M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Abboud
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000502:physiology*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D016328:NF-kappa B; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
keywords: MyD88; hypertension; innate immune system; toll-like receptors