title: Acquired atopic disease after liver transplantation in children; similarities to and differences from adults: a preliminary study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine the similarities and differences in the frequency and follow-ups of newly diagnosed atopic diseases after liver transplantation in pediatric and adult patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients who underwent liver transplants between 2005 and 2013 and who are still alive were enrolled in the study. Patients who came for checkups filled out a survey evaluating atopic diseases. Those who had an atopic disease before transplantation were excluded from the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 165 patients were enrolled in this study; 114 (69.1%) were males and 29 (17.6%) were children. The average transplantation age was 40.8 (0.3-67) years, and the most frequent reason for transplantation was chronic viral hepatitis. In 22 patients, atopic diseases [allergic rhinitis in nine patients (5.5%), asthma in six patients (3.9%), atopic eczema in six patients (3.9%), food allergy in six patients (3.9%), and drug allergy in one patient (0.6%)] developed after transplantation. Atopic diseases after transplantation were more common in children (P=0.03). When the atopic diseases were examined on a case-by-case basis, there were no differences between children and adults with respect to asthma (P=0.284), allergic rhinitis (P=1.0), or atopic eczema (P=0.284), but food allergy (P=0.009) and peripheral eosinophilia (P=0.002) were more common in children. The periodicity of allergic diseases after transplantation (P=0.192) and total IgE levels (P=0.086) were similar.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Atopic diseases developed after liver transplantation and had a greater impact on children than adults. Therefore, after undergoing liver transplantation, patients should be monitored closely for signs of atopic diseases.
authors.affiliation: Departments of aPediatric Allergy and Asthma bPediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology cPulmonary Medicine dLiver Transplant Institute, Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Erdem
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Topal
authors.forename: Ferhat
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Çatal
authors.forename: Mukadder Ayşe
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Selimoğlu
authors.forename: Hamza
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Karabiber
authors.forename: Talat
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Klc
authors.forename: Adil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Başkran
authors.forename: Elif
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Senbaba
authors.forename: Sezai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ylmaz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006525:Hepatitis, Viral, Human / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D006969:Hypersensitivity, Immediate / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D007223:Infant; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007073:Immunoglobulin E