title: Induction of vitiligo after imiquimod treatment of condylomata acuminata.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Condylomata acuminata (genital warts) is the most common sexually transmitted disease, and imiquimod is the sole FDA-approved medication for combating this condition. Vitiligo associated with imiquimod treatment of condylomata acuminata is rare.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 28-year-old male with condylomata acuminata of the penis presented to our clinic. After removing his condylomata acuminata, we advised him to use imiquimod 5% cream to prevent relapse. When he presented to our clinic again about 12 weeks later, he complained of vitiligo patches on his penis and scrotum. Physical examination showed vitiligo patches involving the glans penis, shaft of the penis, and scrotum, and remaining pigmented areas within the plaques of vitiligo.A skin biopsy of the dorsal surface of the penis showed a complete absence of melanocytes and melanin granules in the basal layer; the dermis was normal.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first report of a case of imiquimod-induced vitiligo diagnosed by histopathological examination. This adverse effect should be considered when dermatologists prescribe this medication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, 16766# Jing-Shi Road, Jinan 250014, China. lwf888026@163.com.
authors.forename: Wenfei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hongyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.forename: Lingzhi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000634:Aminoquinolines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003218:Condylomata Acuminata / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D000077271:Imiquimod; D008297:Male; D012008:Recurrence; D014820:Vitiligo / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000634:Aminoquinolines; D000077271:Imiquimod