title: Osteoclast resorption of beta-tricalcium phosphate controlled by surface architecture.
abstract: A resorbable bone graft substitute should mimic native bone in its capacity to support bone formation and be remodeled by osteoclasts (OCl) or other multinucleated cells such as foreign body giant cells (FBGC). We hypothesize that by changing the scale of surface architecture of beta-tricalcium phosphate (TCP), cellular resorption can be influenced. CD14(+) monocyte precursors were isolated from human peripheral blood (n = 4 independent donors) and differentiated into OCl or FBGC on the surface of TCP discs comprising either submicron- or micron-scale surface topographical features (TCPs and TCPb, respectively). On submicrostructured TCPs, OCl survived, fused, differentiated, and extensively resorbed the substrate; however, on microstructured TCPb, OCl survival, TRAP activation, and fusion were attenuated. Importantly, no resorption was observed on microstructured TCPb. By confocal microscopy, OCl formed on TCPs contained numerous actin rings allowing for resorption, but not on TCPb. In comparison, FBGC could not resorb either TCP material, suggesting that osteoclast-specific machinery is necessary to resorb TCP. By tuning surface architecture, it appears possible to control osteoclast resorption of calcium phosphate. This approach presents a useful strategy in the design of resorbable bone graft substitutes.
authors.affiliation: MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, Netherlands; Xpand Biotechnology BV, 3723 MB Bilthoven, Netherlands. Electronic address: noel.davison@xpand-biotech.com.
authors.forename: Noel L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Davison
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), MOVE Research Institute, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, 1081 BT Amsterdam, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Bas
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: ten Harkel
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), MOVE Research Institute, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, 1081 BT Amsterdam, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ton
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schoenmaker
authors.affiliation: MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, Netherlands; Xpand Biotechnology BV, 3723 MB Bilthoven, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Xiaoman
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, Netherlands; Xpand Biotechnology BV, 3723 MB Bilthoven, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Huipin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), MOVE Research Institute, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, 1081 BT Amsterdam, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Everts
authors.affiliation: Xpand Biotechnology BV, 3723 MB Bilthoven, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barrère-de Groot
authors.affiliation: MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, Netherlands; Xpand Biotechnology BV, 3723 MB Bilthoven, Netherlands; School of Engineering and Materials Science (SEMS), Queen Mary University of London, E1 4NS London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Joost D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: de Bruijn
mesh_terms: D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate
keywords: Calcium phosphate; Foreign body giant cell; Microstructure; Osteoclast; Topography