title: Risk perception and intention to quit among a tri-ethnic sample of nondaily, light daily, and moderate/heavy daily smokers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although the relationship between risk perceptions and quit intentions has been established, few studies explore the potential impact of smoking level on these associations, and none have done so among diversely-aged samples of multiple ethnicities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants, ranging in age from 25 to 81, were 1133 nondaily smokers (smoked ≥1 cigarette on 4 to 24days in the past 30days), 556 light daily smokers (≤10 cigarettes per day), and 585 moderate to heavy daily smokers (>10 cigarettes per day). Each smoking level comprised approximately equal numbers of African Americans, Latinos, and Whites. A logistic regression analysis, adjusted for sociodemographics, self-rated health, time to the first cigarette of the day and smoking level, was used to examine the association between risk perception (perceived risk of acquiring lung cancer, lung disease, and heart disease) and intention to quit (≤6months versus >6months/never). A second adjusted model tested moderation by smoking level with an interaction term.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Greater risk perception was associated with a higher odds of planning to quit within 6months (AOR=1.34, CI.95=1.24, 1.45). Smoking level did not moderate this association (p=.85).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggest that educating all smokers, irrespective of their smoking level, about increased risk of developing smoking-related diseases might be a helpful strategy to enhance their intention to make a smoking quit attempt.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Savoy
authors.affiliation: Department of Educational Psychology, College of Education, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA. Electronic address: lrreitzel@uh.edu.
authors.forename: Lorraine R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Reitzel
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA.
authors.forename: Taneisha S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Scheuermann
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Disparities Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Mohit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Equity and Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Charu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mathur
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA.
authors.forename: Won S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Equity and Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Jasjit S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ahluwalia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001294:Attitude to Health; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010465:Perception; D012306:Risk; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology*; D062789:Tobacco Products / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology
keywords: Intention to quit; Light daily smoking; Nondaily smoking; Risk perception; Smoking level