title: Superior cathode of sodium-ion batteries: orthorhombic V₂O₅ nanoparticles generated in nanoporous carbon by ambient hydrolysis deposition.
abstract: For the first time, we demonstrate that orthorhombic V2O5 can exhibit superior electrochemical performance in sodium ion batteries when uniformly coated inside nanoporous carbon. The encapsulated V2O5 shows a specific capacity as high as 276 mAh/g, while the whole nanocomposite exhibits a capacity of 170 mAh/g. The V2O5/C composite was fabricated by a novel ambient hydrolysis deposition that features sequential water vapor adsorption in nanoporous carbon, followed by a hydrolysis reaction, exclusively inside the nanopores. The unique structure of the nanocomposite significantly enhances the capacity as well as the rate performance of orthorhombic V2O5 where the composite retains a capacity of over 90 mAh/g at a current rate of 640 mA/g. Furthermore, by calculating, we also revealed that a large portion of the sodium-ion storage, particularly at high current rates, is due to the V2O5 pseudocapacitance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon 97331-4003, United States.
authors.forename: Vadivukarasi
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Raju
authors.forename: Jordan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rains
authors.forename: Cooper
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gates
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Xingfeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: William F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Stickle
authors.forename: Galen D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Stucky
authors.forename: Xiulei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ji