title: Inhibitory activity of Lingzhi or Reishi medicinal mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (higher Basidiomycetes) on transformed cells by human papillomavirus.
abstract: In this study, we investigated the effects of the aqueous extracts of Lingzhi or Reishi medicinal mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum, obtained from three localities (China; and Morelos and Michoacan, Mexico) on cervical cells transformed by human papillomavirus (HeLa and SiHa) and C-33A cancer cells. The cells were plated in DMEM medium supplemented, and were incubated in the presence of different concentrations of G. lucidum for 24 h. Cell proliferation was determined by MTT colorimetric assay and viability by trypan blue assay. Inhibitory dose was determined (IC50) of the three different extracts of G. lucidum in the culture cell lines mentioned above. The apoptosis process was confirmed by nuclear DNA fragmentation and the cell cycle was determined by flow cytometry. The results showed that aqueous extracts G. lucidum obtained from three localities produced inhibition in the proliferation of VPH transformed cells; they also induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in HeLa, SiHa, and C-33A cancer cells. Therefore, it was found that aqueous extracts G. lucidum obtained from three different locations produced inhibitory effect on cancer cells and may have a potential therapeutic use for the prevention and treatment of this disease.
authors.affiliation: Center of Research on Infectious Disease, National Institute of Public Health, 655 University Ave, CP. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hernández-Márquez
authors.affiliation: Center of Research on Infectious Disease, National Institute of Public Health, 655 University Ave, CP. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lagunas-Martínez
authors.affiliation: Center of Research on Infectious Disease, National Institute of Public Health, 655 University Ave, CP. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
authors.forename: Victor H
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Bermudez-Morales
authors.affiliation: Center of Research on Infectious Disease, National Institute of Public Health, 655 University Ave, CP. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
authors.forename: Ana I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Burgete-García
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigaciones Quimicas, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, México. www.ciq.uaem.mx/
authors.forename: Ismael
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: León-Rivera
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
authors.forename: Elizur
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Montiel-Arcos
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: García-Villa
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Patricio
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gariglio
authors.affiliation: Center of Research on Infectious Disease, National Institute of Public Health, 655 University Ave, CP. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
authors.forename: Vicente
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Madrid-Marina V
authors.affiliation: Center of Research on Infectious Disease, National Institute of Public Health, 655 University Ave, CP. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico; National Autonomous University of Mexico, University City, Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
authors.forename: Raul N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Ondarza-Vidaurreta
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002472:Cell Transformation, Viral / Q000187:drug effects; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D052162:Human papillomavirus 16 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D052161:Human papillomavirus 18 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000821:virology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020940:Reishi / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D010936:Plant Extracts