title: The role of type D prostanoid receptors and PPARγ in gastric cancer progression.
abstract: Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) has been demonstrated to have antitumor effects on cancer cells. PGD2 acts through two major receptors of DP1 and DP2, as well as through the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) via the PGD2 metabolite, 15-deoxy-Δ12-14-PGJ2. The expression levels of DP1, DP2, and PPARγ were analyzed by immunohistochemistry on 277 primary gastric carcinomas. Either DP1- or DP2-positive cases were regarded as DP-positive. DP-Positive tumour was significantly associated with lymph mode metastasis, lymphatic invasion, and venous invasion. PPARγ positivity was not associated with any clinicopathological factors of gastric cancer. DP-Negative and PPARγ-positive cases were significantly associated with T category, lymph metastasis, and lymphatic invasion. The prognosis of DP-negative and PPARγ-positive cases was better than that of the other cases. These findings suggest that DP and PPARγ signaling influence the invasiveness of cancer cells. DP and PPARγ can be used as a potential marker for gastric cancer progression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Abeno-ku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsunari
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukuoka
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Abeno-ku, Osaka, Japan Oncology Institute of Geriatrics and Medical Science, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Abeno-ku, Osaka, Japan m9312510@med.osaka-cu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Masakazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yashiro
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Abeno-ku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Tamami
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Morisaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Abeno-ku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Haruhito
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Abeno-ku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Abeno-ku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kasashima
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Abeno-ku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Go
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Abeno-ku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsunobu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Abeno-ku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Toyokawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Abeno-ku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Abeno-ku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Abeno-ku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Muguruma
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Abeno-ku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaichi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohira
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Abeno-ku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kosei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirakawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000378:metabolism*; D011379:Prognosis; D011982:Receptors, Prostaglandin / Q000378:metabolism*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary; D015996:Survival Rate; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D047495:PPAR gamma; D011982:Receptors, Prostaglandin; C094103:TFDP2 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors; C501562:prostanoid D receptor 1, human
keywords: DP; Gastric cancer; PGD2; PPARγ