title: Effects of cryopreservation on the characteristics of dental pulp stem cells of intact deciduous teeth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to isolate and cultivate cells from the pulp of 7-day-cryopreserved intact deciduous human teeth and evaluate the effect of cryopreservation on dental pulp stem cell (DPSC) characteristics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six deciduous teeth were collected and allocated in two groups: immediate cell isolation (non-cryopreserved group) and intact cryopreserved (cryopreserved group). The teeth were cryopreserved in dimethylsulfoxide solution and recovered after 7 days. The success rate of isolation, proliferation, surface markers (CD14, CD29, CD34, CD45, CD73, CD90, and HLA-DR), differentiation capacity, and morphology were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Isolation success rate was 61% and 30% for the non-cryopreserved and cryopreserved groups, respectively. There were no statistical differences between the groups for the tested surface markers. The cells in both groups were capable of differentiating into three mesenchymal lineages. No statistical differences between the groups were observed through the time course proliferation assay (0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 days); however, the mean time between isolation and the fifth passage was shorter for the non-cryopreserved group (p=0.035). The morphology of the cells was considered altered in the cryopreserved group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DPSCs were obtained from cryopreserved intact deciduous teeth without changes in the immunophenotypical characteristics and differentiation ability; however, lower culture rates, proliferation potential, and morphological alterations were observed in relation to the control group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Electronic address: danilindemann@globo.com.
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lindemann
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Electronic address: stewerle@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Stefanie B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Werle
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Electronic address: janine.machado@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Steffens
authors.affiliation: Bioscience Research Center, Senior Executive Asssociate Dean for Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA. Electronic address: fgarciagodoy@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Franklin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Garcia-Godoy
authors.affiliation: Head of Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory and Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Pharmacy; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Electronic address: patriciapranke@ufrgs.br.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pranke
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Electronic address: luciano.casagrande@ufrgs.br.
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Casagrande
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002469:Cell Separation; D002648:Child; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods*; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D039902:Multipotent Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Cryopreservation; Deciduous teeth; Dental pulp; Stem cells