title: Study on simultaneous recycling of EAF dust and plastic waste containing TBBPA.
abstract: In the present work we investigated the fates of zinc, lead, and iron present in electric arc furnace dust during thermal treatment of the dust with tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and tetrabromobisphenol A diglycidyl ether (TBBPADGE). Mixtures of these materials were compressed into pellets and heated in a laboratory-scale furnace at 550 °C for 80 min, under oxidizing and inert conditions. The solid, condensed, and gaseous-phase products were characterized using an array of analytical methods: scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, electron probe microscopy, inductively coupled plasma, ion chromatography, and gas chromatography. The results indicated that heating the mixtures under specific conditions enabled high separation of zinc and lead from iron-rich residues, by a bromination-evaporation process. In the case of TBBPADGE, a maximum of 85% of zinc and 81% of lead were effectively separated under the above conditions. The process is based on the reaction between the highly reactive HBr gas evolved during thermal degradation of the flame-retarded materials with zinc (ZnO and ZnFe2O4) and lead in the dust, followed by complete evaporation of the formed metallic bromides from the solid residue.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 1,1 Katahira, 2-Chome, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan; Institute of Environmental Engineering of the Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Sklodowska-Curie 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland. Electronic address: mariusz@mail.tagen.tohoku.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Mariusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grabda
authors.affiliation: Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 1,1 Katahira, 2-Chome, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan; Institute of Environmental Engineering of the Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Sklodowska-Curie 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland.
authors.forename: Sylwia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oleszek
authors.affiliation: Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 1,1 Katahira, 2-Chome, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
authors.forename: Etsuro
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.affiliation: Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 1,1 Katahira, 2-Chome, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D004391:Dust; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry; D005411:Flame Retardants; D018054:Hydrobromic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D017745:Incineration; D007220:Industrial Waste; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry*; D007854:Lead / Q000737:chemistry*; D010969:Plastics; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls / Q000737:chemistry*; D059027:Recycling / Q000379:methods; D015032:Zinc / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004391:Dust; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D005411:Flame Retardants; D007220:Industrial Waste; D010969:Plastics; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls; D007854:Lead; C041215:tetrabromobisphenol A diglycidyl ether; D018054:Hydrobromic Acid; D007501:Iron; C020806:tetrabromobisphenol A; D015032:Zinc
keywords: Brominated resins; EAF dust; TBBPA-containing plastics; Thermal recycling