title: Renal neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and kidney injury molecule-1 expression in children with acute kidney injury and Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) in the serum, urine and renal tissues of children with acute kidney injury (AKI) and Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (A-on-C). A prospective single-center evaluation of the serum, urine and renal NGAL and KIM-1 levels was performed in a cohort of children. Blood and 5-ml urine samples were collected from each patient for the analysis of NGAL and KIM-1 levels using an ELISA. In addition, the expression of NGAL and KIM-1 in the kidney was examined using immunohistochemistry in patients with A-on-C and HSPN. The expression of serum cystatin C, β2-macroglobulin and serum creatinine (SCr), as well as urinary β2-MG and SCr, in the patients with A-on-C was significantly higher than that of HSPN patients, and the expression of NGAL and KIM-1 in the serum and urine in the A-on-C patients was also significantly higher than that of HSPN patients. However, there were no significant differences in the urine protein levels between the two groups. NGAL and KIM-1 were expressed in renal tubular epithelial cells, and the expression of NGAL and KIM-1 in the A-on-C patients was significantly higher than that in HSPN patients. In addition, the urine NGAL and KIM-1 levels were negatively correlated with glomerular filtration rate, but there was no significant correlation between the urine NGAL/KIM-1 and urine protein levels. The changes in serum and urine NGAL and KIM-1 levels may be applied to the diagnosis of A-on-C.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: DU
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jinjie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiuli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yubin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
keywords: Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis; acute kidney injury; children; injury molecule-1; renal neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin