title: Potentiated anti-microsporidial activity of Lactobacillus acidophilus CH1 bacteriocin using gold nanoparticles.
abstract: Through increased awareness and improved diagnostics, microsporidiosis has now been identified in a broader range of human populations; however current therapies are inconsistently effective. Recently, probiotics were determined as means for the control of intestinal parasitic infections through their secretory products; bacteriocins. This is the first study on the effect of bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus acidophilus CH1 bacteriocin, with or without gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs), against intestinal microsporidiosis in immunosuppressed mice. Fecal and intestinal spore loads, besides viability, extrusion and infectivity of spores from treated animals were assessed. Results showed that the anti-microsporidial effects of bacteriocin were significantly potent. This efficiency was further potentiated upon conjugating bacteriocins with Au-NPs, as it induced a strikingly sustained reduction in fecal spore shedding after cessation of therapy by 1 week (94.26%). Furthermore, reduction in intestinal spore load was highest in bacteriocin/Au-NPs-inoculated mice (89.7%) followed by bacteriocin-inoculated group (73.5%). Spores encountered from stool of bacteriocin/Au-NPs group showed 92.4% viability, versus 93.7% in bacteriocin group. Spore extrusion and infectivity were most inhibited by exposure to bacteriocin/Au-NPs. Safety of bacteriocin/Au-NPs was also verified. Thus, considering the results of the present work, L. acidophilus CH1-derived bacteriocin can present a powerful safe therapy against intestinal microsporidiosis.
authors.affiliation: Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt. Electronic address: mossallamsh@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Shereen F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Mossallam
authors.affiliation: Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Eglal I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Amer
authors.affiliation: Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Radwa G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Diab
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001430:Bacteriocins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D004357:Drug Synergism; D021862:Enterocytozoon / Q000187:drug effects*; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D006046:Gold; D006801:Humans; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000469:parasitology; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects; D007779:Lactobacillus acidophilus / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D051379:Mice; D016881:Microsporidiosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D001430:Bacteriocins; D006046:Gold
keywords: Bacteriocin; Enterocytozoon bieneusi; Gold nanoparticles; In vivo; Intestinal microsporidiosis; Lactobacillus acidophilus