title: Recreational screen-time among Chinese adolescents: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Rapid urbanization in China has led to a proliferation of electronic entertainment media among youth. Prolonged screen time (ST; includes watching television and playing on computers, video game consoles, or mobile phones) is linked to poor health profiles. The aim of this study was to report recreational ST behaviors and ST correlates among Chinese adolescents living in two regions with different degrees of urbanization.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional, school-based survey (n = 3461 adolescents; aged 12-14 years old) living in inner-city Shanghai and a peri-urban region of Hangzhou. Students completed a questionnaire including family characteristics, daily ST, and information on family environment related to screen use. Recreational ST was categorized into two groups according to recommendations by the American Academy of Pediatrics (< or ≥2 h/day). Parents reported their own ST and also reported educational attainment as a proxy for socioeconomic status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ST was higher among boys than girls and on weekends than weekdays. Peri-urban girls were more likely to exceed 2 h/day ST compared to inner-city girls on weekends. Having a father with no university degree, mother's TV viewing ≥2 h/day, no ST rules at home, and eating meals in front of the TV were associated with higher ST on both weekdays and weekends, and regional differences were found for weekend ST.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TV viewing and playing on the computer were the most prevalent ST behaviors among Chinese adolescents. Mobile phone playing was less prevalent but persistent throughout the week. More population-level surveillance and research is needed to monitor the trends in ST behaviors and to better understand the characteristics of those who are at risk.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Fudan University/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Chinese Ministry of Education.
authors.forename: Xiao-Xiao
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Louise L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Hardy
authors.forename: Ding
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Louise A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Baur
authors.forename: Hui-Jing
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D040421:Cell Phone / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002648:Child; D002681:China; D003201:Computers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011998:Recreation / Q000523:psychology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013690:Television / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013997:Time Factors; D014507:Urbanization; D018910:Video Games / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*