title: CPF-associated phosphatase activity opposes condensin-mediated chromosome condensation.
abstract: Functional links connecting gene transcription and condensin-mediated chromosome condensation have been established in species ranging from prokaryotes to vertebrates. However, the exact nature of these links remains misunderstood. Here we show in fission yeast that the 3' end RNA processing factor Swd2.2, a component of the Cleavage and Polyadenylation Factor (CPF), is a negative regulator of condensin-mediated chromosome condensation. Lack of Swd2.2 does not affect the assembly of the CPF but reduces its association with chromatin. This causes only limited, context-dependent effects on gene expression and transcription termination. However, CPF-associated Swd2.2 is required for the association of Protein Phosphatase 1 PP1(Dis2) with chromatin, through an interaction with Ppn1, a protein that we identify as the fission yeast homologue of vertebrate PNUTS. We demonstrate that Swd2.2, Ppn1 and PP1Dis2 form an independent module within the CPF, which provides an essential function in the absence of the CPF-associated Ssu72 phosphatase. We show that Ppn1 and Ssu72, like Swd2.2, are also negative regulators of condensin-mediated chromosome condensation. We conclude that Swd2.2 opposes condensin-mediated chromosome condensation by facilitating the function of the two CPF-associated phosphatases PP1 and Ssu72.
authors.affiliation: CNRS, UMR5239, LBMC; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; Université Lyon 01, Lyon, France; Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vanoosthuyse
authors.affiliation: CNRS, UMR5239, LBMC; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; Université Lyon 01, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Pénélope
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Legros
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Sjaak J A
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: van der Sar
authors.affiliation: CNRS, UMR5239, LBMC; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; Université Lyon 01, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Gaël
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yvert
authors.affiliation: Chromosome Dynamics, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Toda
authors.affiliation: SynthSys Edinburgh, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Le Bihan
authors.affiliation: Chromosome Dynamics, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hardwick
authors.affiliation: CNRS, UMR5239, LBMC; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; Université Lyon 01, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bernard
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D017766:Acid Anhydride Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000235:genetics; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism; D004258:DNA Polymerase III / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000235:genetics; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D061806:Transcription Termination, Genetic; D039221:mRNA Cleavage and Polyadenylation Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002843:Chromatin; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006657:Histones; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; C416934:SSU72 protein, S cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C108312:condensin complexes; D039221:mRNA Cleavage and Polyadenylation Factors; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase; C484873:SWD2 protein, S cerevisiae; D004258:DNA Polymerase III; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; D017766:Acid Anhydride Hydrolases; C000598747:Ppn1 protein, S cerevisiae; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases