title: Effects of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest on the blood brain barrier in a cardiopulmonary bypass model--a pilot study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Neurologic injury is common after cardiac surgery and disruption of the blood brain barrier (BBB) has been proposed as a contributing factor. We sought to study BBB characteristics in a rodent model of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult rats were subjected to CPB/DHCA or to sham surgery. Analysis included Western blotting of relevant BBB proteins in addition to in vivo brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a clinically used low-molecular contrast agent.
  
  
  RESULTS
  While quantitative analysis of BBB proteins revealed similar expression levels, MRI showed evidence of BBB disruption after CPB/DHCA compared to sham surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combining molecular BBB analysis and MRI technology in a rodent model is a highly translatable approach to study adverse neurologic outcomes following CPB/DHCA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bartels
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Talaignair N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Venkatraman
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Lindsay
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Ronald E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Cannon
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Mihai V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Podgoreanu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Lascola
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA. Electronic address: joseph.mathew@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Joseph P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Mathew
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D050792:Circulatory Arrest, Deep Hypothermia Induced / Q000009:adverse effects*; D062507:Claudin-5 / Q000378:metabolism; D003287:Contrast Media; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D062793:Occludin / Q000378:metabolism; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D010865:Pilot Projects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D062507:Claudin-5; D003287:Contrast Media; D062793:Occludin; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; C090600:gadobutrol
keywords: Blood brain barrier; Cardiac surgery; Cardiopulmonary bypass; Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest; Neurologic injury