title: Magnetic resonance imaging-derived arterial peak flow in peripheral arterial disease: towards a standardized measurement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the best location to measure the arterial peak flow (APF) in patients with peripheral arterial disease in order to facilitate clinical standardization.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred and fifty-nine patients with varying degrees of peripheral artery disease (PAD) and 48 patients without PAD were included. All patients underwent magnetic resonance phase-contrast imaging of the common femoral artery (CFA), superficial femoral artery (SFA), and popliteal artery (PA). APF values of patients with PAD were compared with patients with no PAD. The discriminative ability to identify PAD was evaluated by means of receiver-operator characteristic curves and the corresponding areas under the curve (AUC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean APF values in patients with PAD were reduced by 42%, 55% and 59% compared with non-PAD patients for the CFA, SFA, and PA, respectively (p < .01). The AUC's were 0.84, 0.92, and 0.93 for the CFA, SFA, and PA, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The APF measured at the level of the PA shows the largest differences between patients with PAD and patients with no PAD and the best discriminative ability compared with the APF acquired in the CFA or SFA. The PA seems to be the most suitable level for standardized flow measurements in patients with PAD in order to obtain relevant functional information about the vascular status.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6202 AZ, The Netherlands; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6202 AZ, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Versluis
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6202 AZ, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Nelemans
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6202 AZ, The Netherlands; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6202 AZ, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Wildberger
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6202 AZ, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: G-W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Schurink
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6202 AZ, The Netherlands; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6202 AZ, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Leiner
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6202 AZ, The Netherlands; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6202 AZ, The Netherlands. Electronic address: w.backes@mumc.nl.
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Backes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D005260:Female; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000592:standards*; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / Q000592:standards*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011150:Popliteal Artery / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012372:ROC Curve; D012015:Reference Standards; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
keywords: Arterial peak flow; MR angiography; Peripheral arterial disease