title: Unmasking cryptococcal meningitis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in pregnancy induced by HIV antiretroviral therapy with postpartum paradoxical exacerbation.
abstract: Cryptococcosis is the most common cause of meningitis in Africa due to the high burden of HIV. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is a frequent and deadly complication of cryptococcal meningitis. We report a fatal case of cryptococcal-IRIS in a pregnant woman that began after starting antiretroviral therapy (unmasking IRIS) and markedly worsened postpartum after delivery (paradoxical IRIS).
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
authors.forename: Reuben
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kiggundu
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda ; Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA ; Center for Infectious Diseases & Microbiology Translational Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rhein
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda ; Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA ; Center for Infectious Diseases & Microbiology Translational Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Meya
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA ; Center for Infectious Diseases & Microbiology Translational Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Boulware
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda ; Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA ; Center for Infectious Diseases & Microbiology Translational Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Nathan C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Bahr
keywords: AIDS; Cryptococcus meningitis; HIV; Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome; Postpartum; Pregnancy