title: Long-term psychosocial outcomes after intraoperative awareness with recall.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Posttraumatic stress disorder, a common psychiatric disorder in the general population, may follow a traumatic experience of awareness with recall during general anesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a matched cohort design with 9 subjects after intraoperative awareness with recall during general anesthesia. A psychiatric diagnostic interview and questionnaire were performed on 9 matched controls and 9 subjects, a median of 17.2 years from their documented awareness episode. The subjects and the matched controls completed a battery of questionnaires related to psychosocial well-being, after which they participated in a diagnostic Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition Axis I Disorders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with awareness did not seem to differ from their matched controls in subsequent psychosocial outcome, psychiatric morbidity, or quality of life.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found no indication that intraoperative awareness with recall had any deleterious long-term effects on patients' psychosocial outcome.
authors.affiliation: From the Field Medicine Services Unit, Centre for Military Medicine, Helsinki; Datawell Ltd., Espoo; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Helsinki; Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Meilahti Hospital; Department of Health Care Supervision, National Supervisory Authority for Welfare and Health, and Centre for Military Medicine, Helsinki; City of Helsinki, Health Center, Psychiatry; and Department of Anesthesiology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Jorvi Hospital, Espoo, Finland.
authors.forename: Tanja
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Laukkala
authors.forename: Seppo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ranta
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wennervirta
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Henriksson
authors.forename: Kirsi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suominen
authors.forename: Markku
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hynynen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D058926:Intraoperative Awareness / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000523:psychology