title: Thermal comfort assessment of a surgical room through computational fluid dynamics using local PMV index.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Studies concerning indoor thermal conditions are very important in defining the satisfactory comfort range in health care facilities.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study focuses on the evaluation of the thermal comfort sensation felt by surgeons and nurses, in an orthopaedic surgical room of a Portuguese hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two cases are assessed, with and without the presence of a person. Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) tools were applied for evaluating the predicted mean vote (PMV) index locally.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using average ventilation values to calculate the PMV index does not provide a correct and enough descriptive evaluation of the surgical room thermal environment. As studied for both cases, surgeons feel the environment slightly hotter than nurses. The nurses feel a slightly cold sensation under the air supply diffuser and their neutral comfort zone is located in the air stagnation zones close to the walls, while the surgeons feel the opposite. It was observed that the presence of a person in the room leads to an increase of the PMV index for surgeons and nurses. That goes in line with the empirical knowledge that more persons in a room lead to an increased heat sensation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The clothing used by both classes, as well as the ventilation conditions, should be revised accordingly to the amount of persons in the room and the type of activity performed.
authors.affiliation: Production and Systems Department, University of Minho, Azurém campus, Guimarães, Portugal.
authors.forename: Nelson J O
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Minho, Azurém campus, Guimarães, Portugal.
authors.forename: Ricardo F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Production and Systems Department, University of Minho, Azurém campus, Guimarães, Portugal.
authors.forename: Senhorinha F C F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.affiliation: Production and Systems Department, University of Minho, Azurém campus, Guimarães, Portugal.
authors.forename: Alberto Sérgio
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Miguel
authors.affiliation: Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Minho, Azurém campus, Guimarães, Portugal.
authors.forename: José Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.affiliation: Mining Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: João S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Baptista
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D057446:Hydrodynamics; D009873:Operating Rooms; D010564:Personnel, Hospital; D013696:Temperature; D013817:Thermography; D013697:Thermosensing; D014691:Ventilation
keywords: Numerical study; hospital personnel; nurse; surgeon