title: Use of a gesture user interface as a touchless image navigation system in dental surgery: Case series report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purposes of this study were to develop a workstation computer that allowed intraoperative touchless control of diagnostic and surgical images by a surgeon, and to report the preliminary experience with the use of the system in a series of cases in which dental surgery was performed.
  
  
  METHODS
  A custom workstation with a new motion sensing input device (Leap Motion) was set up in order to use a natural user interface (NUI) to manipulate the imaging software by hand gestures. The system allowed intraoperative touchless control of the surgical images.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the first time in the literature, an NUI system was used for a pilot study during 11 dental surgery procedures including tooth extractions, dental implant placements, and guided bone regeneration. No complications were reported. The system performed very well and was very useful.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The proposed system fulfilled the objective of providing touchless access and control of the system of images and a three-dimensional surgical plan, thus allowing the maintenance of sterile conditions. The interaction between surgical staff, under sterile conditions, and computer equipment has been a key issue. The solution with an NUI with touchless control of the images seems to be closer to an ideal. The cost of the sensor system is quite low; this could facilitate its incorporation into the practice of routine dental surgery. This technology has enormous potential in dental surgery and other healthcare specialties.
authors.affiliation: CORE Dental Clinic, Resistencia, Argentina.
authors.forename: Guillermo M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Rosa
authors.affiliation: CORE Dental Clinic, Resistencia, Argentina. ; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National University of the Northeast, Corrientes, Argentina.
authors.forename: María L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Elizondo
keywords: Diagnostic Imaging; Medical Informatics Computing; Surgery, Oral; User-Computer Interface