title: Cytotoxic evaluation of biomechanically improved crosslinked ovine collagen on human dermal fibroblasts.
abstract: Earlier studies in our laboratory demonstrated that collagen extracted from ovine tendon is biocompatible towards human dermal fibroblast. To be able to use this collagen as a scaffold in skin tissue engineering, a mechanically stronger scaffold is required that can withstand manipulation before transplantation. This study was conducted to improve the mechanical strength of this collagen sponge using chemical crosslinkers, and evaluate their effect on physical, chemical and biocompatible properties. Collagen sponge was crosslinked with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and glutaraldehyde (GA). Tensile test, FTIR study and mercury porosimetry were used to evaluate mechanical properties, chemical property and porosity, respectively. MTT assay was performed to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of crosslinked collagen sponge on human dermal fibroblasts. The FTIR study confirmed the successful crosslinking of collagen sponge. Crosslinking with EDC and GA significantly increased the mechanical strength of collagen sponge, with GA being more superior. Crosslinking of collagen sponge significantly reduced the porosity and the effect was predominant in GA-crosslinked collagen sponge. The GA-crosslinked collagen showed significantly lower, 60% cell viability towards human dermal fibroblasts compared to that of EDC-crosslinked collagen, 80% and non-crosslinked collagen, 100%. Although the mechanical strength was better when using GA but the more toxic effect on dermal fibroblast makes EDC a more suitable crosslinker for future skin tissue engineering.
authors.affiliation: Tissue Engineering Centre, UKM Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Awang
authors.affiliation: Tissue Engineering Centre, UKM Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: M A B
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Firdaus
authors.affiliation: Tissue Engineering Centre, UKM Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Busra
authors.affiliation: Tissue Engineering Centre, UKM Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Chowdhury
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Allied Health Science, UKM, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: N R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Fadilah
authors.affiliation: Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi Kajang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: W K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Wan Hamirul
authors.affiliation: Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi Kajang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: M Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Reusmaazran
authors.affiliation: Tissue Engineering Centre, UKM Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Ear, Nose & Throat Consultant Clinic, Ampang Puteri Specialist Hospital, Ampang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: M Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Aminuddin
authors.affiliation: Tissue Engineering Centre, UKM Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, UKM, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: B H I
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Ruszymah
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D002234:Carbodiimides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D020405:Dermis / Q000166:cytology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D005976:Glutaral / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D016062:Porosity; D012756:Sheep; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D023822:Tissue Engineering
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002234:Carbodiimides; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D003094:Collagen; D005976:Glutaral
keywords: Tissue engineering; collagen; crosslinked; human dermal fibroblast