title: Association between the facial type and morphology of the upper central incisor in normal occlusion subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to verify the association between the facial type and the morphology of the upper central incisor, to potentially provide a guide for artificial tooth selection in esthetic and prosthetic rehabilitation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample consisted of 51 lateral teleradiographs (lateral cephalometric radiographs) and cast models of subjects with a naturally optimal occlusion and at least four of the six keys of Andrews, for optimal occlusion. The facial type was defined by two cephalometric measurements (SN.Gn and SN.GoGn) and classified into dolichofacial, meso- facial and brachyfacial after digitizing the radiographs. The incisor morphology was classified into quadrangular, oval and triangular after 3D digitizing the models and evaluation of the images by 12 dentists. The evaluation between the examiners was performed by Kappa test. In order to test the differences between the variables, it was used a chi-square test (5%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant difference (p < 0.05) was found between the studied variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Facial type was not associated with the morphology of the upper central incisor, considering the methodology and population included in the present study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using the facial type as a way to select the morphology of the upper central incisor proved to be inadequate in this study.
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto, SE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz Renato
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Paranhos
authors.affiliation: Orthodontist, Department of Orthodontics, Private Clinic, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Miller
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zaroni
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Dentistry, Universidade de Passo Fundo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: João Paulo de
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Carli
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Oral Biology, Universidade Sagrado Coração São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Oral Biology, Universidade Sagrado Coração São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucas Villaça
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Zogheib
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernando César
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Torres
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D003766:Dental Occlusion; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D004955:Esthetics, Dental; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D007180:Incisor / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D003765:Models, Dental; D009295:Nasal Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D009811:Odontometry / Q000379:methods; D012658:Sella Turcica / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D019228:Tooth Crown / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D055815:Young Adult