title: Leap and strike kinetics of an acoustically 'hunting' barn owl (Tyto alba).
abstract: Barn owls are effective hunters of small rodents. One hunting technique is a leap from the ground followed by a brief flight and a plummeting 'strike' onto an acoustically targeted - and potentially entirely hidden - prey. We used forceplate measurements to derive kinetics of the leap and strike. Leaping performance was similar to reported values for guinea fowl. This is likely achieved despite the owl's considerably smaller size because of its relatively long legs and use of wing upstroke. Strikes appear deliberately forceful: impulses could have been spread over larger periods during greater deflections of the centre of mass, as observed in leaping and an alighting landing measurement. The strike, despite forces around 150 times that of a mouse body weight, is not thought to be crucial to the kill; rather, forceful strikes may function primarily to enable rapid penetration of leaf litter or snow cover, allowing grasping of hidden prey.
authors.affiliation: The Structure and Motion Laboratory, The Royal Veterinary College, North Mymms, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK jusherwood@rvc.ac.uk.
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Usherwood
authors.affiliation: The Structure and Motion Laboratory, The Royal Veterinary College, North Mymms, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK.
authors.forename: Emily L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Sparkes
authors.affiliation: The Structure and Motion Laboratory, The Royal Veterinary College, North Mymms, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK.
authors.forename: Renate
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Weller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D005426:Flight, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000502:physiology*; D007700:Kinetics; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D011235:Predatory Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D020305:Strigiformes / Q000502:physiology*; D014741:Video Recording; D014921:Wings, Animal / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Hunt; Jump; Owl; Power; Work