title: Neutropenia Precautions for Children Receiving Chemotherapy or Stem Cell Transplantation for Cancer.
abstract: Infections in children and adolescents with cancer are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in those receiving chemotherapy who are neutropenic and/or immunocompromised. The aim of this article is to review existing evidence in order to provide a practice recommendation to prevent or minimize infections in neutropenic and/or immunocompromised patients receiving chemotherapy and/or stem cell transplant. Systematic reviews were undertaken and research was graded according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria. A variety of interventions are implemented to reduce infections in the neutropenic and/or immunocompromised population; however, few are supported by research evidence. Existing literature should continue to be reviewed to further identify interventions that can influence positive patient outcomes and provide opportunities for individuals in the medical field to work together to improve clinical care.
authors.affiliation: Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA lindsay.mize@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Lindsay
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mize
authors.affiliation: Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Nichol
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.affiliation: Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Andre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stokhuyzen
authors.affiliation: Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Avery
authors.affiliation: Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Jayne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cash
authors.affiliation: Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kasse
authors.affiliation: Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Chelse
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sanborn
authors.affiliation: Duke University Medical Center Library, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Adrianne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leonardelli
authors.affiliation: Duke University School of Nursing, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Cheryl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rodgers
authors.affiliation: Duke University School of Nursing, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Marilyn
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hockenberry
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000209:etiology / Q000451:nursing / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002648:Child; D055318:Evidence-Based Nursing; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000451:nursing; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000209:etiology / Q000451:nursing / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009736:Nursing Process / Q000592:standards*; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
keywords: anti-infective agents; cancer; hygiene; immunocompromised host; infection; infection control; neutropenia; stem cell transplant