title: Surgical management of long-standing antielevation syndrome after unilateral anterior transposition of the inferior oblique muscle.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate surgical management of patients with long-standing antielevation syndrome following unilateral anterior transposition of inferior oblique muscle.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present a series of 3 consecutive patients with significant hypotropia several years after unilateral anterior transposition surgery. An approach combining denervation-extirpation of the inferior oblique muscle and subsequent inferior rectus muscle recession and contralateral superior rectus muscle recession was used to manage all 3 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Denervation-extirpation surgery alone or with ipsilateral inferior rectus muscle recession were not enough to improve vertical misalignment in these patients. All 3 patients achieved successful results after denervation-extirpation surgery, ipsilateral inferior rectus muscle recession, and contralateral superior rectus muscle recession.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this case series, devervation-extirpation surgery on the inferior oblique muscle, ipsilateral inferior rectus recession, and contralateral superior rectus recession improved vertical misalignment in patients with long-standing antielevation syndrome after unilateral anterior transposition of the inferior oblique.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jinu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: So Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Bok
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address: shhan222@yuhs.ac.
authors.forename: Sueng-Han
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009121:Muscle Denervation / Q000379:methods*; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000294:innervation* / Q000637:transplantation*; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013285:Strabismus / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D015348:Vision, Binocular / Q000502:physiology