title: 1,5-Anhydroglucitol and glycated albumin in glycemia.
abstract: The main purpose of treating diabetes is to prevent the onset and the progression of diabetic chronic complications. Since the mechanism of onset of chronic complications is still not well understood, the main strategy to achieve this purpose is to bring the plasma glucose level in diabetic patients as close as possible to that in healthy subjects and try to maintain good glycemic control over the long term. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), glycated albumin (GA), fructosamine, and 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5 AG) are used for evaluating glycemic control. At present, HbA1c is widely used as a gold standard index for glycemic control in clinical practice. While HbA1c reflects the long-term glycemic control state (for the past 1-2 months), it does not accurately reflect glycemic control in the clinical state in which glycemic control improves or deteriorates in the short-term. It is also known that HbA1c in patients with hematological disorders such as anemia and variant hemoglobin shows an abnormal value. In addition, HbA1c mainly reflects the mean plasma glucose but does not reflect the postprandial plasma glucose. On the other hand, GA and 1,5-AG reflect intermediate- or short-term glycemic control and are not influenced by hemoglobin metabolism. While 1,5-AG is known to reflect the postprandial plasma glucose, it was shown recently that GA also reflects the postprandial plasma glucose. This chapter summarizes the measurement methods, usage methods, evidence, and problems concerning such indices for glycemic control.
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koga
mesh_terms: D000740:Anemia / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D003847:Deoxyglucose / Q000097:blood*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000097:blood; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D006801:Humans; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000097:blood; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000097:blood; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis*; D000093423:Glycated Serum Albumin
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D003847:Deoxyglucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D012709:Serum Albumin; D000093423:Glycated Serum Albumin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human; C006584:1,5-anhydroglucitol