title: Investigation into the role of Cu/Zn-SOD delivery system on its antioxidant and antiinflammatory activity in rat model of peritonitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The current study evaluated the role of delivery system (solution, conventional liposomes and PEG-ylated liposomes) on superoxide dismutase (SOD) antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced peritonitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty male albino rats (Wistar-Bratislava) were divided into five groups (n=10). Control group received saline and the other four groups received intraperitoneal injections of LPS (5mg/kg). Among the LPS-injected groups, one was LPS control group and the other three groups received the endotoxin injection 30min after receiving the same dose of SOD (500U/kg, ip) in different delivery systems: saline solution (SOD-S), conventional liposomes (SOD-L) or PEG-ylated liposomes (SOD-PL). The animals were euthanized 6h after LPS injection, blood samples were collected and acute phase response (total and differential leukocytes count; tumor necrosis factor α), antioxidants (total antioxidants; reduced glutathione), oxidative stress (total oxidants; lipid peroxidation) and nitrosative stress (nitric oxide metabolites; nitrotyrosine) were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intraperitoneal administration of LPS to rats induced a marked inflammatory and oxidative response in plasma. On the other hand, all SOD formulations had protective effect against endotoxin-induced inflammation and oxidative/nitrosative stress, but PEG-ylated liposomes had the most significant activity. Thus, SOD-PL administration significantly reduced the effects of LPS on bone marrow acute phase response, the oxidative status and production of nitric oxide metabolites, while increasing the markers of antioxidant response in a significant manner.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SOD supplementation interferes both with inflammatory and oxidative pathways involved in LPS-induced acute inflammation, PEG-ylated liposomal formulation being of choice among the tested delivery systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Electronic address: aporfire@umfcluj.ro.
authors.forename: Alina S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Porfire
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
authors.forename: Sorin E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Leucuţa
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
authors.forename: Bela
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kiss
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
authors.forename: Felicia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Loghin
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiopathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
authors.forename: Alina E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Pârvu
mesh_terms: D000210:Acute-Phase Reaction / Q000097:blood / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008081:Liposomes; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004731:Endotoxins; D008081:Liposomes; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C044101:endotoxin, Escherichia coli; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase
keywords: Inflammation; Liposomes; Oxidative stress; Peritonitis; Superoxide dismutase