title: Historical note on distance test charts and projectors.
abstract: The first documented letter distance test charts appeared in the 19th century. The first electronic projectors for eye and vision examination arrived in the early 20th century. This paper comments on some of those and other developments in distance testing charts and projectors. Brief biographical information is given on some of the inventors of projector systems.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Goss
mesh_terms: D005060:Europe; D049670:History, 17th Century; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D009656:North America; D014787:Vision Tests / Q000266:history*