title: [Saccharomyces boulardii in the treatment and prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is the most frequent side effect of antibiotic therapy. Clinical signs and symptoms comprise mild and self-limiting courses of diarrhea as well as life threatening courses like pseudomembranous colitis or toxic megacolon. Therapy is symptomatic, antidiarrheal drugs like Saccharomyces boulardii are the therapy of choice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Available studies on S. boulardii in the prevention of AAD are presented as a review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 14 out of 17 studies including 4,627 patients the administration of S. boulardii achieved a protective effect between 43.7% and 87.3%. A meta-analysis (5 studies, 1,076 patients) showed a significant reduction of the risk to develop an AAD from 17.2% to 6.7%,in a furthermeta-analysis (4 studies on eradication of H. pylori, 1,215 patients) the significant reductionwasfrom 12.2% to 5.6%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is very good evidence for the yeast S. boulardii to be effective in the prevention of AAD especially in hospitalized adults. The simultaneous administration of S. boulardii to antibiotics resulted in a significant reduction to develop AAD by more than half.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Micklefield
mesh_terms: D000930:Antidiarrheals / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D004761:Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D019936:Probiotics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012440:Saccharomyces
chemical_list: D000930:Antidiarrheals