title: Imbalance of different types of CD4(+)Foxp3(+) T cells in renal transplant recipients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the number of CD4(+)CD25(-)Foxp3(+), CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) and CD4(+)CXCR5(+)Foxp3(+) T cells in renal transplant recipients that are transplanted stable (TS), or experiencing accelerated rejection (ALR), or acute rejection (AR).
  
  
  METHODS
  Renal transplantation was conducted in 28 patients with end-stage renal failure (ESRF). The number of peripheral CD4(+)CD25(-)Foxp3(+), CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+), or CD4(+)CXCR5(+)Foxp3(+) T cells and the serum levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured in pre- and post-transplant patients and these results were compared to 10 healthy controls (HC). Correlation between CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), CD4(+)CD25(-)Foxp3(+) and serum creatinine (Cr) levels, or Cr and IL-10 levels in TS patients was also determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of CD4(+)CD25(-)Foxp3(+) T cells was significantly increased in patients with ESRF, as compared to HC. Stratification analysis demonstrated that TS patients contained greater numbers of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) and CD4(+)CXCR5(+)Foxp3(+) T cells, higher levels of serum IL-10, and fewer numbers of CD4(+)CD25(-)Foxp3(+) T cells than ESRF patients. In contrast, ALR and AR patients contained fewer numbers of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) and CD4(+)CXCR5(+)Foxp3(+) T cells, greater numbers of CD4(+)CD25(-)Foxp3(+) T cells, and lower levels of serum IL-10 than ESRF patients. In TS patients, the numbers of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) and CD4(+)CD25(-)Foxp3(+) T cells were positively correlated with eGFR and serum Cr levels, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An imbalance of different types of CD4(+)Foxp3(+) T cells might be involved in renal transplant rejection.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , China and.
authors.forename: Kebang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Honglan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Guoyou
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yaowen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Yanfang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000601:surgery*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D054380:Receptors, CXCR5 / Q000378:metabolism; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D015704:CD4 Antigens; C095085:CXCR5 protein, human; C418974:FOXP3 protein, human; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D054380:Receptors, CXCR5; D016753:Interleukin-10; D003404:Creatinine
keywords: Foxp3; IL-10; regulatory T cells; renal transplant