title: The effects of apple pomace, bentonite and calcium superphosphate on swine manure aerobic composting.
abstract: The effects of additives such as apple pomace, bentonite and calcium superphosphate on swine manure composting were investigated in a self-built aerated static box (90 L) by assessing their influences on the transformation of nitrogen, carbon, phosphorous and compost maturity. The results showed that additives all prolonged the thermophilic stage in composting compared to control. Nitrogen losses amounted to 34-58% of the initial nitrogen, in which ammonia volatilization accounted for 0.3-4.6%. Calcium superphosphate was helpful in facilitating composting process as it significantly reduced the ammonia volatilization during thermophilic stage and increased the contents of total nitrogen and phosphorous in compost, but bentonite increased the ammonia volatilization and reduced the total nitrogen concentration. It suggested that calcium superphosphate is an effective additive for keeping nitrogen during swine manure composting.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
authors.forename: Jishao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China. Electronic address: ymhuang1971@nwsuaf.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yimei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
authors.forename: Xueling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D001546:Bentonite / Q000737:chemistry; D001937:Brassica; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D018525:Germination; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D027845:Malus; D008372:Manure; D017672:Nitrogen Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D013552:Swine; D013696:Temperature; D014908:Triticum; D018505:Waste Management
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D008372:Manure; D017672:Nitrogen Compounds; D012987:Soil; D001546:Bentonite; D010758:Phosphorus; D000641:Ammonia; C494370:calcium phosphate, monobasic
keywords: Apple pomace; Bentonite; Calcium superphosphate; Composting; Nutrient transformations