title: The association of new inflammatory markers with type 2 diabetes mellitus and macrovascular complications: a preliminary study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is not simply a disease of hyperglycemia, but also is an inflammatory disorder. This study aimed to observe the expression of inflammation-related factors in elderly T2DM patients with or without macrovascular disease (MVD).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 64 T2DM patients participated in this study, including 31 patients with MVD (group A) and 33 patients without MVD (group B); and 30 healthy volunteers were recruited as normal control (group C). The levels of serum irisin, retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) and adiponectin expression were all detected and compared between groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The demographic and clinical characteristics were comparable between T2DM patients and healthy volunteers. For patients in group A, the serum levels of irisin, RBP4 and adiponectin were 12.05 ± 2.12 pg/mL, 2.13 ± 0.83 µg/mL and 45.65±20.13 ng/mL, respectively. While the corresponding parameters were 26.11 ± 4.09 pg/ml, 1.54 ± 0.54 µg/ml and 57.93 ± 23.47 ng/mL for patients in group B; and were 40.25 ± 2.73 pg/mL, 0.98 ± 0.36 µg/mL and 60.03 ± 20.26 ng/mL for healthy volunteers in group C, respectively. As compared to healthy volunteers, the levels of irisin, RBP4 and adiponectin were all significantly changed in T2DM patients; and the difference in irisin, RBP4 and adiponectin between T2DM patients with and without MVD were all significant (p = 0.000, p = 0.001, and p = 0.029, respectively). Multivariate regression analysis showed that irisin and RBP4 are both independent predictors for MVD in T2DM patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inflammatory disorder is significantly in T2DM patients with MVD, and serum irisin and RBP4 would be reasonable new markers of MVD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Elderly Endocrinology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China. mzhangmm@163.com.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Q-C
authors.initials: QC
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: J-Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Y-X
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: X-H
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: J-K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D054839:Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; C577593:FNDC5 protein, human; D005353:Fibronectins; C101326:RBP4 protein, human; D054839:Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma