title: A review of treatment strategies for hydrofluoric acid burns: current status and future prospects.
abstract: Hydrofluoric acid (HF), a dangerous inorganic acid, can cause severe corrosive effects and systemic toxicity. HF enters the human body via where it contacts, such as skin and mucosa, alimentary and respiratory tracts, and ocular surfaces. In the recent years, the incidence of HF burn has tended to increase over time. The injury mechanism of HF is associated primarily with the massive absorption of HF and the release of hydrogen ions. Correct diagnosis and timely treatment are especially important for HF burns. The critical procedure to treat HF burn is to prevent on-going HF absorption, and block the progressive destruction caused by fluoride ions. Due to the distinct characteristics of HF burns, the topical treatment, as well as systemic support, has been emphasised. Whereas, management of patients with HF burns remains a great challenge in some situations. To date, there has been no widely accepted protocol for the rescue of HF burns, partly due to the diversity of HF burns. This paper overviews the current status and problems of treatment strategies for HF burns, for the purpose of promoting the future researches and improvement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Burns & Wound Care Center, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.
authors.forename: Xingang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Zhejiang Quhua Hospital, Quzhou 324004, China.
authors.forename: Yuanhai
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Zhejiang Quhua Hospital, Quzhou 324004, China.
authors.forename: Liangfang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.affiliation: Department of Burns & Wound Care Center, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.
authors.forename: Chuangang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: You
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Zhejiang Quhua Hospital, Quzhou 324004, China.
authors.forename: Chunjiang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Zhejiang Quhua Hospital, Quzhou 324004, China.
authors.forename: Ruiming
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Zhejiang Quhua Hospital, Quzhou 324004, China.
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Zhejiang Quhua Hospital, Quzhou 324004, China.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Burns & Wound Care Center, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China. Electronic address: hanchunmao1@126.com.
authors.forename: Chunmao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D002057:Burns, Chemical / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D002125:Calcium Gluconate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D006858:Hydrofluoric Acid / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006875:Hydrotherapy; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D016038:Skin Transplantation; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation
chemical_list: D006858:Hydrofluoric Acid; D002125:Calcium Gluconate
keywords: Burns; Calcium gluconate; Hydrofluoric acid