title: Serum antibody to Porphyromonas gingivalis in metabolic syndrome among an older Japanese population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Potentially significant associations between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and periodontal disease have been reported in recent studies; however, there is a dearth of literature regarding the relationship of MetS with serum antibody levels to periodontal pathogens. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between MetS and serum antibody to the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) in 216 Japanese individuals aged 79 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum antibody levels to P. gingivalis were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. An elevated serum antibody response was defined as the upper quartile and was considered as the outcome variable. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to evaluate the association of MetS defined by the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria with an elevated antibody status. Adjustments for gender, income, education, smoking status, dental-care utilisation patterns and brushing frequency were considered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of MetS was 22.2% (n = 48). Study participants with MetS were 2.9 times more likely to have an elevated serum antibody to P. gingivalis (adjusted odds ratio = 2.91, 95% confidence interval = 1.24-6.85) after simultaneous adjustment for other covariates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest an independent relationship between MetS and serum antibody levels to P. gingivalis in the Japanese elderly. Additional longitudinal epidemiologic studies with larger, more diversified samples and more complete information are needed to substantiate our findings.
authors.affiliation: Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.affiliation: Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Kumiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Minagawa
authors.affiliation: Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Misuzu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Research, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.affiliation: Division of Oral Science for Health Promotion, Department of Oral Health and Welfare, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yoshihara
authors.affiliation: Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial
keywords: epidemiology; infection; oral pathogen; periodontal disease