title: A study of patient safety management in the framework of clinical governance according to the nurses working in the ICU of the hospitals in the East of Tehran.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The improvement of patient safety conditions in the framework of clinical service governance is one of the most important concerns worldwide. The importance of this issue and its effects on the health of patients encouraged the researcher to conduct this study to evaluate patient safety management in the framework of clinical governance according to the nurses working in the intensive care units (ICUs) of the hospitals of the east of Tehran, Iran in 2012.
  
  
  METHODS
  This descriptive study, which was based on census method, was conducted on 250 nurses sampled from the hospitals located in the east of Tehran. For the collection of data, a researcher-made questionnaire in five categories, including culture, leadership, training, environment, and technology, as well as on safety items was used. To test the validity of the questionnaire, content validity test was conducted, and the reliability of the questionnaire was assessed by retest method, in which the value of alpha was equal to 91%.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that safety culture was at a high level in 55% of cases, safety leadership was at a high level in 40% cases and at a low level in 2.04% cases, safety training was at a high level in 64.8% cases and at a low level in 4% cases, safety of environment and technology was at a high level in 56.8% cases and at a low level in 1.6% cases, and safety items of the patients in their reports were at a high level in approximately 44% cases and at a low level in 6.5% cases. The results of Student's t-test (P < 0.001) showed that the average score of all safety categories of the patients was significantly higher than the average points.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diligence of the management and personnel of the hospital is necessary for the improvement of safety management. For this purpose, the management of hospitals can show interest in safety, develop an events reporting system, enhance teamwork, and implement clinical governance plans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Branch, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sahebalzamani
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing and Midwifery, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mohammady
keywords: Clinical governance; Iran; nurses; safety management