title: Immunotherapy for high-grade glioma.
abstract: 4th Quadrennial Meeting of the World Federation of Neuro-Oncology in conjunction with the 18th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuro-Oncology, San Francisco, CA, USA, 21-24 November 2013. Aside from temozolomide, there has been no major breakthrough for decades to improve outcome for high-grade glioma. Bevacizumab failed to show a survival advantage in two large studies - AVaglio and RTOG-0825 - and no other novel chemotherapy agents seem to be appearing on the horizon for this universally fatal disease. Consequently, the neuro-oncology fraternity is turning to immunotherapy. This became apparent in this meeting, considering a number of delegates focused their attention to presentations on immunotherapy. The ReACT study demonstrated the safety and efficacy of the combination of a promising peptide vaccine, rindopepimut, and bevacizumab with longer survival seen in patients with a higher antibody titer. Several presentations reassured that dendritic cell-based immunotherapy is safe and can generate a lasting immune response. Employing gene therapy, increased intratumor 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy concentration can be achieved using TOCA 511, and temozolomide-resistant transgenic lymphocytes could be produced through retroviral coding. Blocking immune checkpoints PDL-01, CTLA-4 and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase through monoclonal antibodies appears promising.
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dixit
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D005910:Glioma / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D011379:Prognosis; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit; C410723:epidermal growth factor receptor VIII; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D066246:ErbB Receptors; C558237:rindopepimut
keywords: dendritic cell; glioblastoma; high-grade glioma; immunotherapy; monoclonal antibody; vaccine therapy