title: Buccal sulcus versus intranasal approach for postoperative periorbital oedema and ecchymosis in lateral nasal osteotomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lateral osteotomies are used in rhinoplasty to narrow the nasal bones, close the open roof deformity after hump removal, and achieve symmetry of an asymmetrical framework. But this procedure causes periorbital oedema & ecchymosis. Different techniques have been described for lateral osteotomy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the postoperative ecchymosis and oedema after buccal sulcus lateral osteotomy versus intranasal lateral osteotomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective experimental study, buccal sulcus approach was performed on the right side and an intranasal approach performed on the left side of patients randomly. Then blind analysis of postoperative photographs was performed to determine the incidence of oedema and ecchymosis on each side.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty patients were enrolled in the study after exclusion of unfit patients. On the right side (buccal approach osteotomies), a significantly lower incidence of upper and lower eyelid oedema and upper eyelid ecchymosis was seen on both the 2nd day and after 7th day (P < 0.05). The odds ratio of progression of ecchymosis was 2.66 (OR = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.09-5.52, p = 0.048) in intranasal group compare to buccal sulcus group. No significant complication observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The buccal sulcus approach is a safe method for lateral osteotomy with a lower rate of postoperative oedema and ecchymosis and no significant complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Ahwaz University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghazipour
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Shahid Beheshti Medical University, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Kargar St, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Nadereh
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Alani
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Ahwaz University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Shervin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ghavami Lahiji
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Shahid Beheshti Medical University, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Kargar St, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: nadakbari@sbmu.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Nader
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Akbari Dilmaghani
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004438:Ecchymosis / Q000209:etiology*; D004487:Edema / Q000209:etiology*; D005141:Eyelid Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009055:Mouth / Q000601:surgery; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000601:surgery; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Ecchymosis; Oedema; Osteotomy; Rhinoplasty