title: The role of proteoglycans in the reactive stroma on tumor growth and progression.
abstract: The stroma surrounding tumors can either restrict or promote tumor growth and progression, and both the cellular and non-cellular components of the stroma play an active role. The cellular components in the surrounding stroma include tumor-associated fibroblasts, host tissue cells and immune cells. The non-cellular components, which form the extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffold, include proteoglycans, collagen, proteinases, growth factors and cytokines. For tumorigenesis to occur it is necessary for tumor cells to modify the surrounding stroma. Tumor cells have mechanisms for achieving this, such as co-opting fibroblasts and modifying the ECM they produce, degrading the surrounding ECM and/or synthesizing a favorable ECM to support invasion. Proteoglycans are an important component of the ECM and play an active role in tumor growth and progression. The expression and glycosylation patterns of proteoglycans are altered in the stroma surrounding tumors and these molecules may support or restrict tumor growth and progression depending on the type and stage of tumor. In the present review we discuss the difference between the tumor promoting and restricting stromal reactions surrounding tumors and the role proteoglycans play.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Três de Maio 100, São Paulo, Brazil. ycoulsonthomas@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yvette May
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Coulson-Thomas
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Três de Maio 100, São Paulo, Brazil, and Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Tarsis Ferreira
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Gesteira
authors.affiliation: Durham University, Woodland Road, DH7 9RH, Durham, UK.
authors.forename: Andrew Lawrence
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Norton
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Winston W-Y
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Três de Maio 100, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Helena Bonciani
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Nader
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Três de Maio 100, São Paulo, Brazil, and Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA. vcoulsonthomas@gmail.com, vc315@cam.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Vivien Jane
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Coulson-Thomas
mesh_terms: D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D011509:Proteoglycans