title: The Nutritional Value of Protein-hydrolyzed Formulae.
abstract: Allergy to cow's milk proteins is a challenging condition in early infancy. Allergic infants may be predisposed to impairments of growth from either the disease itself or the nutritional constraints of the exclusion diet they should follow. Formulae based on extensively hydrolyzed cow's milk proteins are widely used, representing therapy, and constituting 100% nutrient source in the first four to six months of life and half the daily nutrient intake in the second semester of life. In some cases, these products are used also for preventive purposes. Some impairments in growth have been reported for infants using these products, even if mostly limited to the first year of life, with no apparent consequences in either the medium or long term. The macronutrient content of infant formulae based on protein hydrolysates, whichever the source, should carefully be tested not only as far as the optimal utilization of nitrogenous sources but also on the nature and metabolic fate of non-nitrogen caloric sources, represented by carbohydrates and fats, and micronutrients, particularly iron. It is recommended that studies aimed at the allergologic effects of these products also include an appropriate nutritional evaluation to determine their efficiency.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS C´a Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , University of Milan , Milan , Italy.
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Agostoni
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pediatrics , Melloni Hospital , Milan , Italy.
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Terracciano
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS C´a Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , University of Milan , Milan , Italy.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Varin
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pediatrics , Melloni Hospital , Milan , Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fiocchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002657:Child Development; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D041943:Infant Formula / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D007228:Infant Nutrition Disorders / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D016269:Milk Hypersensitivity / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009753:Nutritive Value; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D047929:Term Birth
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; D008894:Milk Proteins; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates
keywords: Cow's milk allergy; free amino acids; growth rates of allergic infants; infant growth