title: Exercise-induced lowering of chemerin is associated with reduced cardiometabolic risk and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in older adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of exercise on chemerin in relation to changes in fat loss, insulin action, and dyslipidemia in older adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty older (65.9±0.9yr) obese adults (BMI:34.5±0.7kg/m2).
  
  
  METHODS
  Single-center, Cleveland Clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve-weeks of exercise training (60minutes/day, 5day/week at ~85% HRmax). Subjects were instructed to maintain habitual nutrient intake.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma chemerin was analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Peripheral and hepatic insulin sensitivity was assessed using a euglycemic-hyperinsulinic clamp with glucose kinetics. First-phase and total glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) was calculated from an oral glucose tolerance test. Fasting blood lipids (cholesterol, triglycerides), total/visceral fat (dual-x-ray absorptiometry and computerized tomography) and cardiorespiratory fitness (treadmill test) were also tested pre and post intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exercise increased fitness and reduced total/visceral fat, blood lipids, and first-phase GSIS (P<0.05). Training also increased peripheral insulin sensitivity and lowered basal/insulin-related hepatic glucose production (P<0.01). The intervention reduced chemerin (87.1±6.0 vs. 78.1±5.8ng/ml; P=0.02), and the reduction correlated with decreased visceral fat (r=0.50, P=0.009), total body fat (r=0.42, P=0.02), cholesterol (r=0.38, P=0.04), triglycerides (r=0.36, P=0.05), and first-phase and total GSIS (r=0.39, P=0.03 and r=0.43, P=0.02, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lower chemerin appears to be an important hormone involved in cardiometabolic risk and GSIS reduction following exercise in older adults.
authors.affiliation: John P. Kirwan, PhD, Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Ave (NE40), Cleveland, OH 44195, Phone: (216) 444-3412, Fax: (216) 636-1496 , Email: kirwanj@ccf.org.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Malin
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Navaneethan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mulya
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Kirwan
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018925:Chemokines / Q000097:blood*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat; D008297:Male; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D009820:Ohio; D011446:Prospective Studies; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D018925:Chemokines; D007328:Insulin; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C478630:RARRES2 protein, human; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D005947:Glucose