title: Effect of changing lumbar stiffness by single facet joint dysfunction on the responsiveness of lumbar muscle spindles to vertebral movement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Individuals experiencing low back pain often present clinically with intervertebral joint dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to determine whether relative changes in stiffness at a single spinal joint alters neural responsiveness of lumbar muscle spindles to either vertebral movement or position.
  
  
  METHODS
  Muscle spindle discharge was recorded in response to 1mm L6 ramp and hold movements (0.5mm/s) in the same animal for lumbar laminectomy-only (n=23), laminectomy & L5/6 facet screw (n=19), laminectomy & L5/6 facetectomy (n=5) conditions. Mean instantaneous frequency (MIF) was calculated for the ramp-up, hold, ramp-down and post-ramp phases during each joint condition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean MIFs were not significantly different between the laminectomy-only and the other two types of joint dysfunction for the ramp-up, hold, ramp-down, or post-ramp phases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stiffness changes caused by single facet joint dysfunction failed to alter spindle responses during slow 1mm ramp and hold movements of the L6 vertebra.
authors.affiliation: Palmer Center for Chiropractic Research, Davenport, IA.
authors.forename: William R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Reed
authors.affiliation: Palmer Center for Chiropractic Research, Davenport, IA.
authors.forename: Joel G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Pickar
authors.affiliation: Palmer Center for Chiropractic Research, Davenport, IA.
authors.forename: Cynthia R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Long
keywords: chiropractic; joint; muscle spindle; stiffness