title: A meta-analysis of risk factors for depression in adults and children after natural disasters.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A number of studies have shown a range of negative psychological symptoms (e.g. depression) after exposure to natural disasters. The aim of this study was to determine risk factors for depression in both children and adults who have survived natural disasters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and PsychInfo) were used to search for observational studies (case-control, cross-sectional, and cohort studies) about depression following natural disasters. The literature search, study selection, and data extraction were conducted independently by two authors. Thirty-one articles were included in the study, of which twenty included adult participants and eleven included child participants. Summary estimates were obtained using random-effects models. Subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias tests were performed on the data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of depression after natural disasters ranged from 5.8% to 54.0% in adults and from 7.5% to 44.8% in children. We found a number of risk factors for depression after exposure to natural disasters. For adults, the significant predictors were being female ;not married;holding religious beliefs; having poor education; prior trauma; experiencing fear, injury, or bereavement during the disaster; or losing employment or property, suffering house damage as a result of the disaster. For children, the significant predictors were prior trauma; being trapped during the disaster; experiencing injury, fear, or bereavement during the disaster; witnessing injury/death during the disaster; or having poor social support.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current analysis provides evidence of risk factors for depression in survivors of natural disasters. Further research is necessary to design interventions to improve the mental health of survivors of natural disasters.
authors.forename: Bihan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Institute of Military Health Management, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Rd, Shanghai 200433, China. zllsmmu@126.com.
authors.forename: Lulu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001601:Bereavement; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D004190:Disasters; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D064887:Observational Studies as Topic; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology*