title: Antifungal activity of metabolites of the endophytic fungus Trichoderma brevicompactum from garlic.
abstract: The endophytic fungus strain 0248, isolated from garlic, was identified as Trichoderma brevicompactum based on morphological characteristics and the nucleotide sequences of ITS1-5.8S- ITS2 and tef1. The bioactive compound T2 was isolated from the culture extracts of this fungus by bioactivity-guided fractionation and identified as 4β-acetoxy-12,13- epoxy-Δ(9)-trichothecene (trichodermin) by spectral analysis and mass spectrometry. Trichodermin has a marked inhibitory activity on Rhizoctonia solani, with an EC50 of 0.25 μg mL(-1). Strong inhibition by trichodermin was also found for Botrytis cinerea, with an EC50 of 2.02 μg mL(-1). However, a relatively poor inhibitory effect was observed for trichodermin against Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (EC50 = 25.60 μg mL(-1)). Compared with the positive control Carbendazim, trichodermin showed a strong antifungal activity on the above phytopathogens. There is little known about endophytes from garlic. This paper studied in detail the identification of endophytic T. brevicompactum from garlic and the characterization of its active metabolite trichodermin.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Insect Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou China ; College of Life Science China Jiliang University Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine Hangzhou China.
authors.forename: Xuping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shentu
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science China Jiliang University Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine Hangzhou China.
authors.forename: Xiaohuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhan
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science China Jiliang University Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine Hangzhou China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science China Jiliang University Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine Hangzhou China.
authors.forename: Xiaoping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Insect Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou China.
authors.forename: Chuanxi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020171:Botrytis / Q000187:drug effects; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D020231:Colletotrichum / Q000187:drug effects; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D060026:Endophytes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005737:Garlic / Q000382:microbiology*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020648:Peptide Elongation Factor 1 / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D012340:RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S / Q000235:genetics; D012232:Rhizoctonia / Q000187:drug effects; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014242:Trichoderma / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014243:Trichodermin / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D020648:Peptide Elongation Factor 1; D012340:RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S; D014243:Trichodermin
keywords: Trichoderma brevicompactum; Trichodermin; antifungal activity; endophytic fungus; garlic