title: Inhibitory control effects in adolescent binge eating and consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and snacks.
abstract: Inhibitory control and sensitivity to reward are relevant to the food choices individuals make frequently. An imbalance of these systems can lead to deficits in decision-making that are relevant to food ingestion. This study evaluated the relationship between dietary behaviors - binge eating and consumption of sweetened beverages and snacks - and behavioral control processes among 198 adolescents, ages 14 to 17. Neurocognitive control processes were assessed with the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), a generic Go/No-Go task, and a food-specific Go/No-Go task. The food-specific version directly ties the task to food cues that trigger responses, addressing an integral link between cue-habit processes. Diet was assessed with self-administered food frequency and binge eating questionnaires. Latent variable models revealed marked gender differences. Inhibitory problems on the food-specific and generic Go/No-Go tasks were significantly correlated with binge eating only in females, whereas inhibitory problems measured with these tasks were the strongest correlates of sweet snack consumption in males. Higher BMI percentile and sedentary behavior also predicted binge eating in females and sweet snack consumption in males. Inhibitory problems on the generic Go/No-Go, poorer affective decision-making on the IGT, and sedentary behavior were associated with sweetened beverage consumption in males, but not females. The food-specific Go/No-Go was not predictive in models evaluating sweetened beverage consumption, providing some initial discriminant validity for the task, which consisted of sweet/fatty snacks as no-go signals and no sugar-sweetened beverage signals. This work extends research findings, revealing gender differences in inhibitory function relevant to behavioral control. Further, the findings contribute to research implicating the relevance of cues in habitual behaviors and their relationship to snack food consumption in an understudied population of diverse adolescents not receiving treatment for eating disorders.
authors.affiliation: School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, 675 West foothill Blvd. Suite 310, Claremont, CA 91711-3475, USA. Electronic address: susan.ames@cgu.edu.
authors.forename: Susan L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Ames
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, PO Box 871104, 950 S. McAllister, Room 237, Tempe, AZ 85287-1104, USA.
authors.forename: Yasemin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kisbu-Sakarya
authors.affiliation: School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, 675 West foothill Blvd. Suite 310, Claremont, CA 91711-3475, USA.
authors.forename: Kim D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.affiliation: School of Behavioral and Organizational Sciences, Claremont Graduate University, East 10th Street, Claremont, CA 91711-3475, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boyle
authors.affiliation: School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, 675 West foothill Blvd. Suite 310, Claremont, CA 91711-3475, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cappelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, PO Box 871104, 950 S. McAllister, Room 237, Tempe, AZ 85287-1104, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.affiliation: School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, 675 West foothill Blvd. Suite 310, Claremont, CA 91711-3475, USA.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dust
authors.affiliation: School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, 675 West foothill Blvd. Suite 310, Claremont, CA 91711-3475, USA.
authors.forename: Jerry L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Grenard
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, PO Box 871104, 950 S. McAllister, Room 237, Tempe, AZ 85287-1104, USA.
authors.forename: David P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Mackinnon
authors.affiliation: School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, 675 West foothill Blvd. Suite 310, Claremont, CA 91711-3475, USA.
authors.forename: Alan W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Stacy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001628:Beverages; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002032:Bulimia / Q000523:psychology*; D002755:Choice Behavior; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003463:Cues; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005518:Food Preferences; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D062410:Snacks; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D013549:Sweetening Agents
keywords: Adolescents; Binge eating; Cue effects; Impulsivity; Inhibitory control; Sweetened snacks