title: Contraceptive options for women living with HIV.
abstract: Women living with HIV are often of reproductive age, and many desire effective contraceptive options to delay or prevent pregnancy. We review the safety of various hormonal and non-hormonal contraceptive methods for women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Additionally, we discuss drug interactions between contraceptive methods and antiretrovirals and the safety of methods with respect to onward transmission to HIV-negative partners for women in sero-discordant partnerships. In general, most methods are safe for most women living with HIV. An understanding of the reproductive goals of each individual patient, as well as her medical condition and medication, should be taken into account when counselling women on their contraceptive options. Further research is needed to understand drug interactions between contraceptives and antiretrovirals better and how to fulfil the contraceptive needs of HIV-positive women.
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Health and Research (Includes the UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme - HRP), Avenue Appia 20, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland. Electronic address: phillipss@who.int.
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Health and Research (Includes the UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme - HRP), Avenue Appia 20, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland. Electronic address: steynp@who.int.
authors.forename: Petrus
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Steyn
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Health and Research (Includes the UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme - HRP), Avenue Appia 20, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland. Electronic address: temmermanm@who.int.
authors.forename: Marleen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Temmerman
mesh_terms: D003267:Contraception / Q000379:methods; D003270:Contraceptive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D003273:Contraceptive Devices / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003376:Counseling; D003657:Decision Making; D004343:Drug Implants; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005193:Family Planning Services; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D012098:Reproduction
chemical_list: D003270:Contraceptive Agents; D004343:Drug Implants
keywords: AIDS; HIV; contraceptives; family planning