title: Immune consequences of kinase inhibitors in development, undergoing clinical trials and in current use in melanoma treatment.
abstract: Metastatic malignant melanoma is a frequently fatal cancer. In recent years substantial therapeutic progress has occurred with the development of targeted kinase inhibitors and immunotherapeutics. Targeted therapies often result in rapid clinical benefit however responses are seldom durable. Immune therapies can result in durable disease control but responses may not be immediate. Optimal cancer therapy requires both rapid and durable cancer control and this can likely best be achieved by combining targeted therapies with immunotherapeutics. To achieve this, a detailed understanding of the immune consequences of the various kinase inhibitors, in development, clinical trial and currently used to treat melanoma is required.
authors.affiliation: Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Melbourne-Austin Branch, Cancer Immuno-biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia.
authors.forename: Laura J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Vella
authors.forename: Miles C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Andrews
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Behren
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cebon
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Woods
mesh_terms: D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D055808:Drug Discovery; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D008545:Melanoma / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors
keywords: MAPK; PI3K/AKT/mTOR; RAF; combination therapy; immunotherapy; kinase inhibition; melanoma; signaling