title: Cell entry of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus is restricted in myotubes.
abstract: In mice persistently infected since birth with the prototypic arenavirus lymphocytic choriomeningitis viurs, viral antigen and RNA are readily detected in most organs and cell types but remarkably absent in skeletal muscle. Here we report that mouse C2C12 myoblasts that are readily infected by LCMV, become highly refractory to LCMV infection upon their differentiation into myotubes. Myotube's resistance to LCMV was not due to an intracellular restriction of virus replication but rather an impaired cell entry mediated by the LCMV surface glycoprotein. Our findings provide an explanation for the observation that in LCMV carrier mice myotubes, which are constantly exposed to blood-containing virus, remain free of viral antigen and RNA despite myotubes express high levels of the LCMV receptor alpha dystroglycan and do not pose an intracellular blockade to LCMV multiplication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Masaharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Shuzo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Urata
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Yoshitake
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Nhi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ngo
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. Electronic address: juanct@scripps.edu.
authors.forename: Juan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: de la Torre
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051244:Caveolin 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008217:Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000821:virology*; D053586:Virus Internalization; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D051244:Caveolin 3; D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: Arenavirus; Cell entry; LCMV; Myoblast; Myotube; Skeletal muscle