title: Development of a novel multi-functional active membrane capping barrier for the remediation of nitrobenzene-contaminated sediment.
abstract: A novel bio-reactive capping barrier composed of polysulfone/granular activated carbon (PS/GAC) hybrid membranes immobilized with microorganism was developed for the remediation of nitrobenzene in sediments. The SEM observation demonstrated that all the membranes had a dense top layer and a porous sublayer, this structure can block the transfer of nitrobenzene from sediment to the water and enhance nitrobenzene degradation. Adsorption behaviors of nitrobenzene on membranes showed that the membrane impregnated with GAC had better performance than the pure PS membrane. The values of Kads increased from 4.64 (without GAC) to 6.19 (1:2 GAC). 20mg/L nitrobenzene can be completely degraded by Pseudomonas putida immobilized on membranes. The biodegradation rate of activated carbon-filled membrane system was little higher than that of pure PS membrane system. For remediation experiments, only about 21.7, 28.3 and 43.9% of nitrobenzene in the sediment was removed by the end of the experiments for PS/GAC membrane, sand-alone and sand amended with activated carbon capping systems, respectively. While for PS/GAC+microorganisms capping system, more than 70% of nitrobenzene loss was observed. This demonstrated that nitrobenzene can be effectively removed from contaminated sediments by microbial degradation in the bio-reactive capping system.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Xikang Road No. 1, Nanjing 210098, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Xikang Road No. 1, Nanjing 210098, China. Electronic address: envly@hhu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science and Technology, Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. Electronic address: chaowang@vtc.edu.hk.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Xikang Road No. 1, Nanjing 210098, China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Xikang Road No. 1, Nanjing 210098, China.
authors.forename: Peifang
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009578:Nitrobenzenes / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D009578:Nitrobenzenes; C036077:nitrobenzene
keywords: Active capping; Nitrobenzene; PS/GAC+microorganisms system; Sediment remediation