title: Modulation of gut microbiota during probiotic-mediated attenuation of metabolic syndrome in high fat diet-fed mice.
abstract: Structural disruption of gut microbiota and associated inflammation are considered important etiological factors in high fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic syndrome (MS). Three candidate probiotic strains, Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-4270 (LC), L. rhamnosus I-3690 (LR) and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis I-2494 (BA), were individually administered to HFD-fed mice (10(8) cells day(-1)) for 12 weeks. Each strain attenuated weight gain and macrophage infiltration into epididymal adipose tissue and markedly improved glucose-insulin homeostasis and hepatic steatosis. Weighted UniFrac principal coordinate analysis based on 454 pyrosequencing of fecal bacterial 16S rRNA genes showed that the probiotic strains shifted the overall structure of the HFD-disrupted gut microbiota toward that of lean mice fed a normal (chow) diet. Redundancy analysis revealed that abundances of 83 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were altered by probiotics. Forty-nine altered OTUs were significantly correlated with one or more host MS parameters and were designated 'functionally relevant phylotypes'. Thirteen of the 15 functionally relevant OTUs that were negatively correlated with MS phenotypes were promoted, and 26 of the 34 functionally relevant OTUs that were positively correlated with MS were reduced by at least one of the probiotics, but each strain changed a distinct set of functionally relevant OTUs. LC and LR increased cecal acetate but did not affect circulating lipopolysaccharide-binding protein; in contrast, BA did not increase acetate but significantly decreased adipose and hepatic tumor necrosis factor-α gene expression. These results suggest that Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium differentially attenuate obesity comorbidities in part through strain-specific impacts on MS-associated phylotypes of gut microbiota in mice.
authors.affiliation: 1] Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China [2] State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Jingjing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Huang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Chenhong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Yufeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Danone Research, Palaiseau, France.
authors.forename: Muriel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Derrien
authors.affiliation: Danone Research, Palaiseau, France.
authors.forename: Emilie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rocher
authors.affiliation: Danone Research, Palaiseau, France.
authors.forename: Johan E T
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: van-Hylckama Vlieg
authors.affiliation: Obesity and Metabolism Lab and Functional Genomics Unit, JMUSDA-HNRCA at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Strissel
authors.affiliation: 1] Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China [2] State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Obesity and Metabolism Lab and Functional Genomics Unit, JMUSDA-HNRCA at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Obin
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001644:Bifidobacterium; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000628:therapy; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology; D007778:Lactobacillus; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D064307:Microbiota; D019936:Probiotics / Q000627:therapeutic use*