title: Playing-related musculoskeletal disorders among icelandic music students: differences between students playing classical vs rhythmic music.
abstract: Most research studies investigating the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders affecting musicians and music students have focused on classical music, while less is known about their prevalence in other music genres. The purpose of this study was to document cumulative and point prevalence of playing-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMD) among music students in Iceland and, specifically, to identify differences between those studying classical vs rhythmic music. We hypothesized that students of classical music would report more frequent and more severe musculoskeletal disorders than students involved in rhythmic music, as classical instruments and composition typically require more demanding, sustained postures during practice and performance. A total of 74 students from two classical music schools (schools A and B) and 1 rhythmic school (school C) participated in the study by answering a questionnaire assessing PRMDs. The results showed that 62% of participants had, at some point in their musical career, suffered a PRMD. The cumulative prevalence was highest in music school A (71.4%) and lowest in music school C (38.9%). A statistically significant difference was identified between the cumulative prevalence of PRMD from schools A and B combined compared to music school C (p=0.019). Over 40% of participants reported a "current PRMD," and a significant difference was identified between the three schools (p=0.011), with the highest point prevalence being registered in music school A (66.6%) and the lowest in music school C (22.2%). The prevalence of PRMDs among Icelandic music students was high. The difference found between students who play classical vs rhythmic music may be explained by different demands of the instruments and composition on playing posture.
authors.affiliation: The University of Iceland, Sæmundargata 2, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland. Tel +354 697 8114, fax +354 525 4008. kariarna@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kári
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Arnason
authors.forename: Arni
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arnason
authors.forename: Kristín
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Briem
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007055:Iceland / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009146:Music; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D011187:Posture; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D013334:Students / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000503:physiopathology; D055815:Young Adult