title: Osmotic nephrosis with mannitol: review article.
abstract: Mannitol is commonly used to lower intracranial and intraocular pressures. Large doses/massive infusions of mannitol have been found to be associated with acute renal failure (MI-ARF), that is, osmotic nephrosis. While many researchers have reported individual experiences with this pathology, we felt that there is need of an updated comprehensive review of all reported cases with elaboration of etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and management plan for MI-ARF. The purpose of the present communication is to share our own experience with MI-ARF, to review the effect of mannitol on kidney function and to highlight the dynamics of MI-ARF with considerations for the cautious use of mannitol in patients with risk factors for kidney diseases.
authors.affiliation: Section of Nephrology, KRL Hospital , Islamabad , Pakistan and.
authors.forename: Ali Zohair
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: Nomani
authors.forename: Zahid
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Nabi
authors.forename: Humayun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rashid
authors.forename: Jamal
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Janjua
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nomani
authors.forename: Azer
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Majeed
authors.forename: Sohail Raza
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Chaudry
authors.forename: Ayesha Saad
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Mazhar
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced*; D000818:Animals; D004234:Diuretics, Osmotic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008353:Mannitol / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009401:Nephrosis / Q000139:chemically induced*; D009997:Osmotic Pressure; D020521:Stroke / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D004234:Diuretics, Osmotic; D008353:Mannitol
keywords: Acute renal failure/injury; mannitol; mannitol-induced acute renal failure; mannitol-induced osmotic nephrosis; osmotic nephrosis