title: Effects of line length, line spacing, and line number on proofreading performance and scrolling of Chinese text.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects and interactions of line length, line number, and line spacing on Chinese screen-based proofreading performance and amount of scrolling.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Proofreading is an important process, and much of it is now done on screen. The Chinese language is increasingly important, but very little work has been done on the factors that affect proofreading performance for Chinese passages.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three display factors related to screen size, namely line length, line number, and line spacing, were selected to be investigated in an experiment to determine their effects on proofreading performance and amount of scrolling. Correlations between proofreading performance in time and accuracy and scrolling amount were also analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that line number and line spacing had significant main and interaction effects on both proofreading time and detection rate. Line length and line number influenced scrolling amount significantly, but there was no interaction effect for scrolling. Scrolling amount was negatively correlated with proofreading time and typo detection rate such that more scrolling movement was associated with faster proofreading, but lower detection rate. There was a trade-off between time and accuracy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For balancing time and detection rate and improving performance for on-screen Chinese proofreading, the display setting of medium line length (36 characters per line) with four lines and 1.5 line spacing should be used.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings provide information and recommendations for display factors and the screen design that should prove useful for improving proofreading time and accuracy.
authors.forename: Alan H S
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Steve N H
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Tsang
authors.forename: Annie W Y
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Ng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002681:China; D003626:Data Display; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D011932:Reading; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D014796:Visual Perception; D055815:Young Adult