title: Involvement of YODA and mitogen activated protein kinase 6 in Arabidopsis post-embryogenic root development through auxin up-regulation and cell division plane orientation.
abstract: The role of YODA MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASE KINASE 4 (MAPKKK4) upstream of MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 6 (MPK6) was studied during post-embryonic root development of Arabidopsis thaliana. Loss- and gain-of-function mutants of YODA (yda1 and ΔNyda1) were characterized in terms of root patterning, endogenous auxin content and global proteomes. We surveyed morphological and cellular phenotypes of yda1 and ΔNyda1 mutants suggesting possible involvement of auxin. Endogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) levels were up-regulated in both mutants. Proteomic analysis revealed up-regulation of auxin biosynthetic enzymes tryptophan synthase and nitrilases in these mutants. The expression, abundance and phosphorylation of MPK3, MPK6 and MICROTUBULE ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 65-1 (MAP65-1) were characterized by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blot analyses and interactions between MAP65-1, microtubules and MPK6 were resolved by quantitative co-localization studies and co-immunoprecipitations. yda1 and ΔNyda1 mutants showed disoriented cell divisions in primary and lateral roots, abortive cytokinesis, and differential subcellular localization of MPK6 and MAP65-1. They also showed deregulated expression of TANGLED1 (TAN1), PHRAGMOPLAST ORIENTING KINESIN 1 (POK1), and GAMMA TUBULIN COMPLEX PROTEIN 4 (GCP4). The findings that MPK6 localized to preprophase bands (PPBs) and phragmoplasts while the mpk6-4 mutant transformed with MPK6AEF (alanine (A)-glutamic acid (E)-phenylanine (F)) showed a root phenotype similar to that of yda1 demonstrated that MPK6 is an important player downstream of YODA. These data indicate that YODA and MPK6 are involved in post-embryonic root development through an auxin-dependent mechanism regulating cell division and mitotic microtubule (PPB and phragmoplast) organization.
authors.affiliation: Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Veronika
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Smékalová
authors.affiliation: Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Luptovčiak
authors.affiliation: Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Komis
authors.affiliation: Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Šamajová
authors.affiliation: Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Miroslav
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ovečka
authors.affiliation: Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Doskočilová
authors.affiliation: Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Tomáš
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takáč
authors.affiliation: Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Pavol
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vadovič
authors.affiliation: Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Metabolomics, Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Ondřej
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Novák
authors.affiliation: Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing & Biotechnology, Mississippi State University, 2 Research Boulevard, Starkville, MS, 39762, USA.
authors.forename: Tibor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pechan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ziemann
authors.affiliation: Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Košútová
authors.affiliation: Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jozef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Šamaj
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000196:embryology / Q000201:enzymology*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D048749:Cytokinesis / Q000187:drug effects; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007399:Interphase; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D018519:Meristem / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D008870:Microtubules / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D008938:Mitosis / Q000187:drug effects; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D010641:Phenotype; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D019441:Plant Epidermis / Q000166:cytology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology*; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D040901:Proteomics; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; C574629:alpha-(2,4-dimethylphenylethyl-2-oxo)indole-3-acetic acid; C436293:MPK6 protein, Arabidopsis; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases; C481302:YODA protein, Arabidopsis
keywords: Arabidopsis; MAP65-1; MAPKKK; MPK6; YODA; cell division plane; microtubules; root