title: The association between Helicobacter pylori gastritis and lymphoid aggregates, lymphoid follicles and intestinal metaplasia in gastric mucosa of children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to determine the topographic prevalence of lymphoid follicles, lymphoid aggregates, gastric glandular atrophy and intestinal metaplasia among children with chronic abdominal pain. The association between these lesions and age, type of gastritis and Helicobacter pylori density was also assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 358 patients (mean age: 10, 18 ± 3, 26 years; male : female ratio: 0.92) with chronic abdominal pain who had upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were included in the study. The endoscopic and histopathological findings were documented. The prevalence of lymphoid follicles, lymphoid aggregates, atrophy and intestinal metaplasia according to the type of gastritis and their relation with H. pylori density were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  H. pylori was detected in 214 (59.8%) patients. H. pylori- positive patients were found to be significantly older than H. pylori-negative patients (P < 0.01). The endoscopy revealed that the most common finding observed was antral nodularity in H. pylori-positive patients and normal mucosal appearance in H. pylori-negative patients. Panmucosal gastritis both in the corpus and antrum and the prevalence of lymphoid follicles and lymphoid aggregates were more frequent in the H. pylori-positive group (P < 0.01). None of the patients had atrophy, whereas 11 patients had intestinal metaplasia. Although positive correlation was obtained between lymphoid lesions and H. pylori density, no significant relation was established between intestinal metaplasia, lymphoid lesions and H. pylori density.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lymphoid follicles and lymphoid aggregates in gastric mucosa involving both antrum and corpus significantly correlated with H. pylori infection, H. pylori density and type of gastritis in children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Sisli Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nursu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kara
authors.forename: Nafiye
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Urganci
authors.forename: Derya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kalyoncu
authors.forename: Banu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000209:etiology*; D000293:Adolescent; D001706:Biopsy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D005756:Gastritis / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D005773:Gastroscopy; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D008221:Lymphoid Tissue / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008679:Metaplasia / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016037:Single-Blind Method
keywords: Helicobacter pylori; children; intestinal metaplasia; lymphoid follicle