title: Effects of maternally exposed food coloring additives on laryngeal histology in rats.
abstract: Experimental reports showed carcinogenic effects of artificial food colors and additives (AFCAs) on many organs, including the head and neck region. We aimed to investigate the effect of AFCAs on laryngeal histomorphology and immunohistochemical expression in maternally exposed rats. "No observable adverse effect levels" of commonly used AFCAs as a mixture were given to female rats before and during gestation. Histopathological and immunohistochemical findings were evaluated in their offspring. Significant decreasing in goblet cell count and cilia loss were observed with AFCAs in maternally exposed rats (p<0.05). Immunohistochemically, the Ki67 index was significantly increased and villin expression was significantly reduced in laryngeal epithelium in the study group (p<0.05), whereas expression of cyclooxygenase type 2, Muc-2, Muc-5AC, p53, and epidermal growth factor receptors did not differ between the groups. This study demonstrated that maternal exposure of AFCAs plays a role in the mucosal defense system and possibly in carcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Dr.Lutfi Kirdar Kartal Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Kayhan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Başak
authors.affiliation: Suleyman Demirel University, Medical School, Medical Biochemistry Department, Isparta, Turkey.
authors.forename: Duygu Kumbul
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Doguç
authors.affiliation: Suleyman Demirel University, Medical School, Medical Biochemistry Department, Isparta, Turkey.
authors.forename: Firdevs
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aylak
authors.affiliation: Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Kartal Education and Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nimet
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Karadayi
authors.affiliation: Suleyman Demirel University, Medical School, Medical Biochemistry Department, Isparta, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gültekin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005505:Food Coloring Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D007830:Larynx / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D018811:Maternal Exposure; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D005505:Food Coloring Agents