title: Efficacy of Melissa officinalis in suppressing ventricular arrhythmias following ischemia-reperfusion of the heart: a comparison with amiodarone.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to assess the influence of Melissa officinalis (lemon balm), a well-known herbal drug with numerous applications in traditional and modern medicine, on cardiac conduction and susceptibility to lethal ventricular arrhythmia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-two male Wistar rats were divided into a control group (CTL), an M. officinalis group that received the aqueous extract of M. officinalis L. intraperitoneally (i.p.) at dosages of 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/ml/kg, respectively, and an amiodarone group (Amio group) that received 30 mg/ml/kg i.p. of amiodarone. Heart ischemia/reperfusion was induced by the ligation and release of the left anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no statistical differences between the groups in the basal heart rate and blood pressure. PR, corrected QT (QTc) and QRS intervals increased in the M. officinalis and Amio groups. PR and QTc were statistically significant only in the Amio group and QRS was significant only in the group receiving 400 mg of M. officinalis (M400 group) in comparison with the CTL group. During the reperfusion period, the decrease in ventricular fibrillations was statistically significant in all groups (except the M400 group) when compared with the CTL group. The score of arrhythmia severity also decreased, but was statistically significant only in the Amio group (p < 0.05 vs. CTL group).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that M. ofﬁcinalis extract has a mild protective effect against reperfusion-induced lethal ventricular arrhythmias in rats.
authors.affiliation: Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Siyavash
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Joukar
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zarisfi
authors.forename: Gholamreza
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sepehri
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bashiri
mesh_terms: D000638:Amiodarone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D031334:Melissa; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000638:Amiodarone