title: A simulation comparing the cost-effectiveness of adult incontinence products.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare leak point volumes and cost-effectiveness of a variety of adult incontinence products.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult incontinence products were purchased from local retail stores and categorized into moderate absorbency pads, moderate absorbency briefs, maximum absorbency pads, and maximum absorbent briefs. The leak point for each product was determined by applying fluid to the pad until the first drop of leakage from the pad or brief occurred. Cost-effectiveness was calculated by dividing the cost per product by the amount of fluid absorbed prior to the leak point. The leak points and cost-effectiveness of incontinence products were compared within and between categories.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences in leak point volumes were present within all product categories except moderate absorbency pads. When comparing product categories, moderate absorbency pads were the least cost-effective, followed by maximum absorbency pads and absorbent briefs (P < .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As a group, absorbent briefs are more cost-effective than incontinence pads, although products of similar absorbency category and design demonstrated varying leak points and cost-effectiveness. These findings may influence physician assessment of urinary incontinence as well as patient selection of incontinence products.
authors.affiliation: Kelly Yamasato, MD, Clinical instructor, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health. University of Hawaii John A Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu. Bliss Kaneshiro, MD, MPH, Associate professor, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health. University of Hawaii John A Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu. Ian A. Oyama, MD, MBA, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health. University of Hawaii John A Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu.
authors.forename: Kelly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamasato
authors.forename: Bliss
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kaneshiro
authors.forename: Ian A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Oyama
mesh_terms: D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D004209:Disposable Equipment / Q000191:economics* / Q000592:standards; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000451:nursing / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D016496:Incontinence Pads / Q000191:economics* / Q000592:standards; D016544:Patient Simulation; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000451:nursing / Q000628:therapy*; D054928:Validation Studies as Topic