title: The chorioretinal damage caused by different half parameters of photodynamic therapy in rabbits.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the chorioretinal tissue response after different half-strength parameters of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in rabbits.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 4 groups, and each group contained 4 animals. The full dose served as the control group: verteporfin (4 mg/kg) with 600 mW/cm(2) irradiance from a diode laser at 689 nm applied to the retina for 8 s. One parameter was changed to half-strength in the other 3 groups. The HLaser group received half-strength laser irradiance. The HTime group was exposed to photosensitization for half the time, and the HDose group received half the drug dose. Six laser spots were generated in each of the eyes of every rabbit and documented graphically. The lesions were examined on days 1, 7, and 42 after PDT treatment using color fundus imaging, fluorescein angiography (FA), and histopathology analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PDT treatment in rabbits caused chorioretinal damage in all 4 groups. FA on day 1 showed that the use of half the laser irradiance, half the drug dose, or half the photosensitizing time tended to decrease the damage to the chorioretinal tissue in terms of the number of occlusions and the area of occlusion, but only the results from half the laser irradiance were significantly different. In addition, the HLaser and HDose groups showed significantly less apoptosis by TUNEL staining on day 1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among these PDT parameters, decreasing the laser irradiance by half showed the greatest decrease in chorioretinal damage in an experimental animal model.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Ophthalmology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital , Keelung, Taiwan .
authors.forename: Lan-Hsin
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.forename: Yih-Shiou
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Nan-Kai
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yen-Po
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yeung
authors.forename: Kuan-Jen
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Tun-Lu
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wei-Chi
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Chi-Chun
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002829:Choroid / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D020256:Choroidal Neovascularization / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011817:Rabbits; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D000077362:Verteporfin
chemical_list: D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011166:Porphyrins; D000077362:Verteporfin