title: Protective role of TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-2 in mice infected with the Oshima strain of Tick-borne encephalitis virus.
abstract: Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) causes acute central nervous system disease. Here, we investigated the roles of the TNF-α, IL-10 and other cytokines in appropriate KO mice following infection with Oshima and Sofjin strains of TBEV. Following infection with the Oshima strain, mortality rates were significantly increased in TNF-α KO and IL-10 KO mice compared with wild type (WT) mice. These results suggested that TNF-α and IL-10 play protective roles against fatal infection due to Oshima strain infection. However, viral loads and proinflammatory cytokine levels in the brain of TNF-α KO andIL-10 KO mice were not significantly different compared with those of WT mice. On the other hand, all WT, TNF-α KO and IL-10 KO mice died following infection with Sofjin strain. Interestingly, Sofjin-infected mice did not exhibit an up-regulated mRNA level of IL-2 in the spleen in all groups of mice, whereas Oshima-infected mice showed significantly increased level of IL-2 compared with mock-infected mice. From these results, we suggest that TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-2 are key factors for disease remission from fatal encephalitis due to infection with Oshima strain of TBEV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Leading Graduate School Program, Nagasaki University, 852-8523, Nagasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Mya Myat Ngwe
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Tun
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Leading Graduate School Program, Nagasaki University, 852-8523, Nagasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Kotaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Leading Graduate School Program, Nagasaki University, 852-8523, Nagasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Masachika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Senba
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Leading Graduate School Program, Nagasaki University, 852-8523, Nagasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Corazon C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Buerano
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Sagamihara Hospital, Sakuradai 18-1, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 228-8522, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shirai
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Sagamihara Hospital, Sakuradai 18-1, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 228-8522, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryuji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Leading Graduate School Program, Nagasaki University, 852-8523, Nagasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Kouichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Leading Graduate School Program, Nagasaki University, 852-8523, Nagasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hayasaka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics; D004669:Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology; D004675:Encephalitis, Tick-Borne / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000821:virology; D015870:Gene Expression; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics*; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000235:genetics*; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013045:Species Specificity; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D007376:Interleukin-2; D020011:Protective Agents; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10