title: The SUMO-specific isopeptidase SENP3 regulates MLL1/MLL2 methyltransferase complexes and controls osteogenic differentiation.
abstract: The ubiquitin-like SUMO system regulates gene expression, but the molecular insights into this process are incomplete. We show that the SUMO-specific isopeptidase SENP3 controls H3K4 methylation by regulating histone-modifying SET1/MLL complexes. SET1/MLL complexes are composed of a histone methyltransferase and the regulatory components WDR5, RbBP5, Ash2L, and DPY-30. MLL1/MLL2 complexes contain menin as additional component and are particularly important for the activation of HOX genes. We demonstrate that SENP3 is associated with MLL1/MLL2 complexes and catalyzes deSUMOylation of RbBP5. This is required for activation of a subset of HOX genes, including the developmental regulator DLX3. In the absence of SENP3, the association of menin and Ash2L with the DLX3 gene is impaired, leading to decreased H3K4 methylation and reduced recruitment of active RNA polymerase II. Importantly, the SENP3-DLX3 pathway dictates osteogenic differentiation of human stem cells, thus delineating the importance of balanced SUMOylation for epigenetic control of gene expression programs.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Arnab
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nayak
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Viale-Bouroncle
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Morsczeck
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany. Electronic address: ste.mueller@em.uni-frankfurt.de.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muller
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003795:Dental Sac / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006367:HeLa Cells; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D051788:Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000235:genetics*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C485622:ASH2L protein, human; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C088334:Distal-less homeobox proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C497422:KMT2A protein, human; C120898:KMT2D protein, human; C105373:MEN1 protein, human; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; C470552:RBBP5 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051788:Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; C499718:SENP3 protein, human