title: Scavenger receptor-A (CD204): a two-edged sword in health and disease.
abstract: Scavenger receptor A (SR-A), also known as the macrophage scavenger receptor and cluster of differentiation 204 (CD204), plays roles in lipid metabolism, atherogenesis, and a number of metabolic processes. However, recent evidence points to important roles for SR-A in inflammation, innate immunity, host defense, sepsis, and ischemic injury. Herein, we review the role of SR-A in inflammation, innate immunity, host defense, sepsis, cardiac and cerebral ischemic injury, Alzheimer's disease, virus recognition and uptake, bone metabolism, and pulmonary injury. Interestingly, SR-A is reported to be host protective in some disease states, but there is also compelling evidence that SR-A plays a role in the pathophysiology of other diseases. These observations of both harmful and beneficial effects of SR-A are discussed here in the framework of inflammation, innate immunity, and endoplasmic reticulum stress.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Internal Medicine, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614.
authors.forename: Jim L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Kelley
authors.affiliation: Departments of Surgery, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614.
authors.forename: Tammy R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Ozment
authors.affiliation: Departments of Surgery, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614.
authors.forename: Chuanfu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614.
authors.forename: John B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Schweitzer
authors.affiliation: Departments of Surgery, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614.
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000502:physiology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000235:genetics; D051117:Scavenger Receptors, Class A / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018805:Sepsis / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051117:Scavenger Receptors, Class A