title: Distinct phenotype and therapeutic potential of gingival fibroblasts.
abstract: Gingiva of the oral mucosa provides a practical source to isolate fibroblasts for therapeutic purposes because the tissue is easily accessible, tissue discards are common during routine clinical procedures and wound healing after biopsy is fast and results in complete wound regeneration with very little morbidity or scarring. In addition, gingival fibroblasts have unique traits, including neural crest origin, distinct gene expression and synthetic properties and potent immunomodulatory functions. These characteristics may provide advantages for certain therapeutic approaches over other more commonly used cells, including skin fibroblasts, both in intraoral and extra-oral sites. However, identity and phenotype of gingival fibroblasts, like other fibroblasts, are still not completely understood. Gingival fibroblasts are phenotypically heterogeneous, and these…fibroblast subpopulations may play different roles in tissue maintenance, regeneration and pathologies. The purpose of this review is to summarize what is currently known about gingival fibroblasts, their distinct potential for tissue regeneration and their potential therapeutic uses in the future.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. Electronic address: lhakkine@dentistry.ubc.ca.
authors.forename: Lari
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Häkkinen
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Hannu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Larjava
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Paris Diderot University, Dental School, Rotschild Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; UMRS872, Team 5, Molecular Oral Physiopathology, CRC Les Cordeliers, Paris, 75006, INSERM UMRS872, Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Benjamin P J
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Fournier
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation; D064987:Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy / Q000379:methods; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000637:transplantation; D005881:Gingiva / Q000166:cytology*; D048091:Guided Tissue Regeneration; D006801:Humans; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000166:cytology*; D010641:Phenotype; D055153:Stem Cell Niche; D014945:Wound Healing
keywords: fibroblast; gingiva; phenotype; therapy; tissue regeneration