title: The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of pravastatin and nebivolol in rat aorta.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pravastatin and nebivolol in the atherosclerotic process including inflammation and oxidative stress in rat aorta.
  
  
  METHODS
  This experimental randomized controlled study comprised of 35 Wistar albino rats. Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) - induced vascular inflammation and arteriosclerosis were treated with both of the pharmacologic agents. All were divided into 5 equal groups: the control, group I: L-NAME -15 days, group II: L-NAME 30+ nebivolol, group III: L-NAME -30+ pravastatin, group IV: L-NAME - 30 days. Serum ceruloplasmin, uric acid, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total cholesterol (T.Chol), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride (TG) were analyzed. Medial thickening and leukocyte infiltration status were examined histopathologically. The results were compared with control group and with each other using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pravastatin diminished the rise of ceruloplasmin, which was taken as an index of inflammation (p=0.002). Pravastatin and nebivolol decreased the L-NAME induced oxidative stress (p=0.001, 0.002, respectively). Nebivolol diminished the rise of LDL (p=0.04). Pravastatin lowered T.Chol, LDL and TG levels (p=0.001, 0.008, 0.040, respectively). HDL values were not changed significantly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, 15 days of statin therapy attenuated vascular inflammation and lowered the rised lipid levels (LDL, T.cholesterol and TG). Both the nebivolol and pravastatin exhibited antioxidant property. These documented beneficial effects of both of the drugs may improve the clinical outcomes of patients with hypertension or hyperlipidemia by additional studies.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Biochemistry, Balıkesir Chest Diseases Hospital; Balıkesir-Turkey. sdcuhadar@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Seyhun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dursun
authors.forename: Serap
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Çuhadar
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Köseoğlu
authors.forename: Ayşenur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Atay
authors.forename: Safiye Günden
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Aktaş
mesh_terms: D058671:Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000187:drug effects*; D002570:Ceruloplasmin / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; D000068577:Nebivolol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017035:Pravastatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D058671:Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor Antagonists; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D014280:Triglycerides; D000068577:Nebivolol; D014527:Uric Acid; D002784:Cholesterol; D002570:Ceruloplasmin; D017035:Pravastatin; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester