title: Aspects of "fear" in Japanese quail chicks (coturnix coturnix Japonica) genetically selected for different levels of locomotor activity.
abstract: Domestic chicks selected for high and low locomotor activity in a novel environment have low and high levels of fearfulness, respectively. Using four commonly employed methods of estimating fear, namely emergence, open-field, response to a bell and tonic immobility tests, we found a similar effect in lines of Japanese quail selected for high and low locomotor activity, i.e. the active line appeared the least fearful. The present findings demonstrate that this effect is common to two gallinaceous species and two selection procedures.
authors.affiliation: Agricultural Research Council's Poultry Research Centre, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9PS Great Britain.
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Universität Hohenheim, Institut für Tierhaltung und Tierzuchtung, Lehrstuhl Kleintierzucht, Garbenstrasse 17, 7000 Stuttgart 70 Hohenheim Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bessei
authors.affiliation: I.N.R.A., Station de Recherches Avicoles, Nouzilly, 37380 Monnaie France.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Faure