title: Prognostic significance of urine N1, N12-diacetylspermine in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recently N(1),N(12)-diacetylspermine, a diacetylated polyamine derivative, was recognized as a tumor marker in patients with several kinds of cancers. However, the significance of its levels in urine as a prognostic factor has not been elucidated. In the present study, we examined whether the urine N(1),N(12)-diacetylspermine levels can be used as a prognostic factor in patients with NSCLC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Urine samples from 251 patients with NSCLC were collected prior to surgery and the urinary N(1),N(12)-diacetylspermine concentration was measured. Thereafter, all 251 patients underwent curative surgery and the analysis of prognosis was performed for over 10 years. Out of the 251 patients, 91 had recurrent disease. The significance of the urinary N(1),N(12)-diacetylspermine level as a prognostic factor among all 251 patients and among the 91 patients with recurrence was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Univariate analysis of all 251 patients showed that the level of urinary N(1),N(12)-diacetylspermine was a significant prognostic factor for disease-free survival and overall survival; however, multivariate analysis showed it had no significance. Conversely, the univariate and multivariate analyses of post-recurrent survival of the 91 patients with recurrence showed that urinary N(1),N(12)-diacetylspermine was an independent prognostic factor for post-recurrent survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with recurrence with positive urinary N(1),N(12)-diacetylspermine should undergo more intensive care and determination of urinary N(1),N(12)-diacetylspermine may contribute to improvement of prognosis of NSCLC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hamanomachi General Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan ohnishi@surg1.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hideya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Onishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hamanomachi General Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kotaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Hamanomachi General Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Motoshita
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hamanomachi General Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsuruta
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hamanomachi General Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Katano
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary / Q000652:urine*; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000652:urine*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary / Q000652:urine*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary / Q000652:urine*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D013096:Spermine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000652:urine; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D013096:Spermine; C029453:N',N''-diacetylspermine
keywords: Diacetylspermine; non-small cell lung cancer; post-recurrent survival; prognostic factor