title: Seroprevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi among mothers and children in rural Mayan communities and associated reproductive outcomes.
abstract: Our objective was to determine the seroprevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection among mothers and children in two rural Mayan communities in Yucatan, Mexico and examine sociodemographic characteristics and adverse reproductive outcomes associated with maternal infection. We performed household surveys in the communities of Sudzal and Teya. Mothers were interviewed, and blood samples were obtained to perform rapid tests and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). We surveyed 390 mothers and 685 children. The overall seroprevalence was 2.3% among mothers and 0.4% among children. In Sudzal, we found a seroprevalence of 4.4% among mothers and 0.7% in children. In Teya, we found a seroprevalence of 0.9% among mothers and 0.3% among children. Compared with uninfected mothers, seropositive mothers reported more stillbirths (relative risk = 4.7; 95% confidence interval = 2.1-10.4). T. cruzi infection is present in these communities, and infected children indicate active transmission. Seropositivity in mothers is associated with a history of adverse reproductive outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Parasitología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi," Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana mgamboa@tulane.edu.
authors.forename: Rubi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gamboa-León
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Parasitología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi," Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ramirez-Gonzalez
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Parasitología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi," Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.
authors.forename: Freddy S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Pacheco-Tucuch
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Parasitología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi," Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: O'Shea
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Parasitología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi," Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rosecrans
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Parasitología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi," Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pippitt
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Parasitología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi," Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dumonteil
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Parasitología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi," Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Buekens
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood*; D014355:Chagas Disease / Q000208:ethnology / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007199:Indians, South American; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009035:Mothers; D012098:Reproduction; D012424:Rural Population; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D050497:Stillbirth / Q000208:ethnology; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan