title: Histopathologic characterization of prostate diseases in Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To delineate the histopathological pattern of prostate diseases and to highlight age variations in prostate specific antigen (PSA) values and histopathological features.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review was made of all prostate biopsy reports seen between January 2006 and December 2013 at the King Fahad Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia. Prostate lesions were tabulated and classified into benign and malignant groups. Histological scoring of adenocarcinomas was accomplished using the Gleason system. PSA values were correlated with Gleason scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 417 prostate lesions reviewed, 343 (82.3%) were benign and 74 (17.7%) were malignant, giving a benign to malignant ratio of 4.6:1. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (both with and without inflammation) was the commonest prostatic lesion and accounted for 80.3% of all cases and 97.6% of all benign cases. The age range was 20 to 97 years with a mean of 69.2 years and a peak age group at 70-79 years. Seventy one cases of adenocarcinoma accounted for 95.9% of the total of 74 malignant tumors. It showed an age range of 44 to 95 years, a mean age of 70.9 years and peak prevalence in the 80-89 year age group. Gleason score seven was the most frequent (39.4%) in occurrence. Most adenocarcinomas, 41 cases (57.7%), were moderately differentiated (Gleason score of 5-7). PSA values ranged widely between 16-1,865 ng/ml with a mean of 363.4 ng/ml. Elevated PSA (>100 ng/ml) levels were found in 53 (81.6%) patients. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between serum PSA level and Gleason score (p=0.0304).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prostatic lesions constitute a significant source of morbidity among adult males in Madinah. Benign prostatic hyperplasia was the commonest benign prostatic lesion and adenocarcinoma was the commonest histological subtype of prostatic cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia E-mail : rmor_family@hotmail.co.uk.
authors.forename: Abdulkader
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Albasri
authors.forename: Abeer
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El-Siddig
authors.forename: Akbar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hussainy
authors.forename: Mervat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mahrous
authors.forename: Abdulaziz Abdullah
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Alhosaini
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alhujaily
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012529:Saudi Arabia / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen