title: Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles electrostatically coupled with photosensitizers for near-infrared-triggered photodynamic therapy.
abstract: Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have recently shown great promise in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Herein, we report a facile strategy to fabricate an efficient NIR-triggered PDT system based on LiYF4:Yb/Er UCNPs coupled with a photosensitizer of a β-carboxyphthalocyanine zinc (ZnPc-COOH) molecule via direct electrostatic interaction. Due to the close proximity between UCNPs and ZnPc-COOH, we achieved a high energy transfer efficiency of 96.3% from UCNPs to ZnPc-COOH, which facilitates a large production of cytotoxic singlet oxygen and thus an enhanced PDT efficacy. Furthermore, we demonstrate the high efficacy of such a NIR-triggered PDT agent for the inhibition of tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo, thereby revealing the great potential of the UCNP-based PDT systems as noninvasive NIR-triggered PDT agents for deep cancer therapy.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China. xchen@fjirsm.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhuo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Haomiao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: En
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Datao
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.forename: Shanyong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Mingdong
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Xueyuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000737:chemistry; D007259:Infrared Rays; D028581:Lanthanoid Series Elements / Q000737:chemistry*; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D010316:Particle Size; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D026082:Singlet Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D055672:Static Electricity
chemical_list: D007211:Indoles; D028581:Lanthanoid Series Elements; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D026082:Singlet Oxygen; C063072:zinc(II) phthalocyanine trisulfonic acid