title: Volatile organic metabolites identify patients with breast cancer, cyclomastopathy, and mammary gland fibroma.
abstract: The association between cancer and volatile organic metabolites in exhaled breaths has attracted increasing attention from researchers. The present study reports on a systematic study of gas profiles of metabolites in human exhaled breath by pattern recognition methods. Exhaled breath was collected from 85 patients with histologically confirmed breast disease (including 39 individuals with infiltrating ductal carcinoma, 25 individuals with cyclomastopathy and from 21 individuals with mammary gland fibroma) and 45 healthy volunteers. Principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis were used to process the final data. The volatile organic metabolites exhibited significant differences between breast cancer and normal controls, breast cancer and cyclomastopathy, and breast cancer and mammary gland fibroma; 21, 6, and 8 characteristic metabolites played decisive roles in sample classification, respectively (P < 0.05). Three volatile organic metabolites in the exhaled air, 2,5,6-trimethyloctane, 1,4-dimethoxy-2,3-butanediol, and cyclohexanone, distinguished breast cancer patients from healthy individuals, mammary gland fibroma patients, and patients with cyclomastopathy (P < 0.05). The identified three volatile organic metabolites associated with breast cancer may serve as novel diagnostic biomarkers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Changsong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Chaofu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ke
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Shanshan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Suqi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Zhigang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China.
authors.forename: Guowang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Enyou
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D001944:Breath Tests / Q000379:methods*; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005350:Fibroma / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds