title: TLX: A master regulator for neural stem cell maintenance and neurogenesis.
abstract: The orphan nuclear receptor TLX, also known as NR2E1, is an essential regulator of neural stem cell (NSC) self-renewal, maintenance, and neurogenesis. In vertebrates, TLX is specifically localized to the neurogenic regions of the forebrain and retina throughout development and adulthood. TLX regulates the expression of genes involved in multiple pathways, such as the cell cycle, DNA replication, and cell adhesion. These roles are primarily performed through the transcriptional repression or activation of downstream target genes. Emerging evidence suggests that the misregulation of TLX might play a role in the onset and progression of human neurological disorders making this factor an ideal therapeutic target. Here, we review the current understanding of TLX function, expression, regulation, and activity significant to NSC maintenance, adult neurogenesis, and brain plasticity. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Nuclear receptors in animal development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, 6000 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
authors.forename: Mohammed M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, 6000 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA. Electronic address: Chun-Li.Zhang@UTSouthwestern.edu.
authors.forename: Chun-Li
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000235:genetics*; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000235:genetics; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C088601:NR2E1 protein, human; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear
keywords: NR2E1; Neural stem cell; Neurogenesis; Nuclear receptor; TLX