title: Body mass index, waist circumference, body adiposity index, and risk for type 2 diabetes in two populations in Brazil: general and Amerindian.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The use of the anthropometric indices of adiposity, especially body mass index and waist circumference in the prediction of diabetes mellitus has been widely explored. Recently, a new body composition index, the body adiposity index was proposed. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of body mass index, waist circumference, and body adiposity index in the risk assessment for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1,572 individuals from the general population of Vitoria City, Brazil and 620 Amerindians from the Aracruz Indian Reserve, Brazil were randomly selected. BMI, waist circumference, and BAI were determined according to a standard protocol. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was diagnosed by the presence of fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL or by the use of antidiabetic drugs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The area under the curve was similar for all anthropometric indices tested in the Amerindian population, but with very different sensitivities or specificities. In women from the general population, the area under the curve of waist circumference was significantly higher than that of the body adiposity index. Regarding risk assessment for type 2 diabetes mellitus, the body adiposity index was a better risk predictor than body mass index and waist circumference in the Amerindian population and was the index with highest odds ratio for type 2 diabetes mellitus in men from the general population, while in women from the general population waist circumference was the best risk predictor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Body adiposity index was the best risk predictor for type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Amerindian population and men from the general population. Our data suggest that the body adiposity index is a useful tool for the risk assessment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in admixture populations.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafael de Oliveira
authors.initials: Rde O
authors.lastname: Alvim
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, São Pedro, Juiz de Fora - MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Alberto
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Mourao-Junior
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, São Pedro, Juiz de Fora - MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Camila Maciel
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: José E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Krieger
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
authors.forename: José G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Mill
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alexandre C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Pereira
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D055105:Waist Circumference; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio