title: Clinical outcome and prognostic factors after salvage surgery for isolated regional squamous cell carcinoma recurrences.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome and predictive factors for salvage surgery of isolated regional recurrences of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study was conducted with 55 patients who were treated with surgery-based treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 61.8% and 60%, respectively. Extracapsular spread (ECS) was an independent factor associated with worse disease-specific survival. The patients who had advanced N classification, ECS, and in-field recurrence had a significantly worse OS rate, whereas those with an initial DFS time of 6 months or more experienced better outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Salvage surgery for isolated regional recurrence resulted in an acceptable oncologic outcome and mortality. Successful surgical salvage is most probable in late recurrence (≥6 months) patients with recurrent N1 stage tumors (no evidence of ECS) outside of the previous treatment field.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ilsong Memorial Institute of Head and Neck Cancer, Hallym University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Jae
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ilsong Memorial Institute of Head and Neck Cancer, Hallym University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Hyo
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ilsong Memorial Institute of Head and Neck Cancer, Hallym University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: So-Hye
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ilsong Memorial Institute of Head and Neck Cancer, Hallym University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Woo-Jin
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ilsong Memorial Institute of Head and Neck Cancer, Hallym University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Joon
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ewha Womans University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Soo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Rho
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D037981:Neck Dissection / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000401:mortality* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016879:Salvage Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: head and neck cancer; mortality; prognosis; recurrence; surgery