title: Impact of moderate versus mild aerobic exercise training on inflammatory cytokines in obese type 2 diabetic patients: a randomized clinical trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recently some plasma biomarkers of inflammation have been recognized as important cardiovascular risk factors. There is little information about the effects of aerobic exercise training on these biomarkers and the risk of metabolic complications in obese type 2 diabetes patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the impact of moderate versus mild aerobic exercise training on the inflammatory cytokines in obese type 2 diabetic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty obese type 2 diabetic patients of both sexes with body mass index (BMI) varying from 31 to 36 kg/m(2), non smokers, free from respiratory, kidney, liver, metabolic and neurological disorders, participated in this study. Their age ranged from 40 to 55 years. The subjects were included into two equal groups; the first group (A) received moderate aerobic exercise training. The second group (B) received mild aerobic exercise training, three times / week for 3 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean values of leptin, TNF- alpha, IL2, IL4, IL6, HOMA-IR and HBA1c were significantly decreased in group (A) and group (B). Also, there were significant differences between both groups after treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Moderate aerobic exercise training modulates inflammatory cytokines more than mild aerobic exercise training in obese type 2 diabetic patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Sm
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abd El-Kader
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Am
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gari
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Aem
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salah El-Den
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines
keywords: Aerobic exercise; inflammatory cytokines; non-insulin dependent diabetes; obesity