title: Evidence synthesis and guideline development in genomic medicine: current status and future prospects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  With the accelerated implementation of genomic medicine, health-care providers will depend heavily on professional guidelines and recommendations. Because genomics affects many diseases across the life span, no single professional group covers the entirety of this rapidly developing field.
  
  
  METHODS
  To pursue a discussion of the minimal elements needed to develop evidence-based guidelines in genomics, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Cancer Institute jointly held a workshop to engage representatives from 35 organizations with interest in genomics (13 of which make recommendations). The workshop explored methods used in evidence synthesis and guideline development and initiated a dialogue to compare these methods and to assess whether they are consistent with the Institute of Medicine report "Clinical Practice Guidelines We Can Trust."
  
  
  RESULTS
  The participating organizations that develop guidelines or recommendations all had policies to manage guideline development and group membership, and processes to address conflicts of interests. However, there was wide variation in the reliance on external reviews, regular updating of recommendations, and use of systematic reviews to assess the strength of scientific evidence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ongoing efforts are required to establish criteria for guideline development in genomic medicine as proposed by the Institute of Medicine.
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Sheri D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Schully
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Tram Kim
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.affiliation: Office of Public Health Genomics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: W David
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Dotson
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Christine Q
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Technology Evaluation Center, Blue Cross Blue Shield Association, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Naomi
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authors.lastname: Aronson
authors.affiliation: National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Fort Washington, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Marian L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Birkeland
authors.affiliation: Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Stephanie Jo
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Brewster
authors.affiliation: Institute of Public Health, Section of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefania
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authors.lastname: Boccia
authors.affiliation: Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: Adam H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Buchanan
authors.affiliation: The Colorado Trust, Denver, Colorado, USA.
authors.forename: Ned
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Calonge
authors.affiliation: Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Kathleen
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authors.lastname: Calzone
authors.affiliation: 1] University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA [2] H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Djulbegovic
authors.affiliation: Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon, USA.
authors.forename: Katrina A B
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Goddard
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Roger D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Palo Alto,California, USA.
authors.forename: Teri E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.affiliation: Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.affiliation: National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Rochelle
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Gary H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Lyman
authors.affiliation: Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.affiliation: University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Christina G S
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: Mary V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Relling
authors.affiliation: National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Wendy S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Rubinstein
authors.affiliation: Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jesse J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Swen
authors.affiliation: Genetic Alliance, Washington, D.C., USA.
authors.forename: Sharon F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Terry
authors.affiliation: Genomic Medicine Institute, Geisinger Health System, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Marc S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: 1] Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA [2] Office of Public Health Genomics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: Muin J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Khoury
mesh_terms: D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D023281:Genomics / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic