title: [Effect of American Ginseng Capsule on the liver oxidative injury and the Nrf2 protein expression in rats exposed by electromagnetic radiation of frequency of cell phone].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the effect of American Ginseng Capsule (AGC) on the liver oxidative injury and the Nrf2 protein expression in the liver tissue of rats exposed by 900 MHz cell phone electromagnetic radiation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Totally 40 male SD rats were randomly divided into the normal control group, the model group, the Shuifei Jibin Capsule (SJC) group, and the AGC group,10 in each group. Rats in the normal control group were not irradiated. Rats in the rest three groups were exposed by imitated 900 MHz cellular phone for 4 h in 12 consecutive days. Meanwhile, rats in the SJC group and the AGC group were intragastrically administrated with suspension of SJC and AGC (1 mL/200 g body weight) respectively. Normal saline was administered to rats in the normal control group and the model group. The histolomorphological changes of the liver tissue were observed by HE staining. Contents of malonic dialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX)were detected by colorimetry. The Nrf2 protein expression of hepatocytes was detected by immunohistochemical assay and Western blot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the normal control group, hepatocyte nucleus was atrophied or partially disappeared, the contents of liver MDA and Nrf2 protein obviously increased (P <0. 05, P <0. 01); contents of liver SOD and GSH decreased (P <0. 05) in the model group. Compared with the model group, karyopyknosis was obviously attenuated and approached to the normal level in the SJC group and the AGC group. The contents of liver MDA and Nrf2 protein expression decreased (P <0. 05), and the contents of liver SOD, GSH, and GSH-PX obviously increased (P < 0.05) in the SJC group. The contents of liver MDA and the Nrf2 protein expression decreased (P < 0.05), and contents of SOD and GSH obviously increased in the AGC group (P <0.01, P <0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The electromagnetic radiation induced by 900 MHz cell phone could affect the expression of Nrf2 protein, induce oxidative injury, and induce abnormal morphology of liver cells. SJC and AGC could promote the morphological recovery of the liver cells. Its mechanism might be related to affecting the expression of Nrf2 protein and attenuating oxidative damage of liver cells.
authors.forename: Ya-ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Hui-Rong
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Jing-Wei
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jing-Jing
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Chun-xiang
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D040421:Cell Phone; D060733:Electromagnetic Radiation; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver; D008297:Male; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D005894:Panax; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; C495635:NFE2L2 protein, human; D010936:Plant Extracts; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase