title: ABO blood group frequency in Ischemic heart disease patients in Pakistani population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if there is any significant association between ABO blood groups and ischemic heart disease (IHD).
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was performed at Punjab Institute of Cardiology (PIC), Lahore. Study duration was from January 2012 to September 2012. This study included 200 IHD patients and 230 control individuals. Self design questionnaire was used to collect information regarding risk factors. Standard agglutination test was performed to determine the blood groups. Data was analyzed on SPSS 16.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of blood groups in IHD group was 34% in blood group A, 29% in blood group B, 14% in blood group AB and 23% in blood group O. In control group the distribution of B, A, AB and O blood groups were 34.4%, 20.9%, 12.6%, 32.2% respectively. Rh+ve factor was prevalent in 90.5% among IHD group and 92.6% in control subjects. The prevalence of IHD was more in males (63.5%) as compared to females (36.5%). Mean age was 56.4±0.86 (yrs) and BMI was 26.4±0.33 (kg/m(2)). The prevalence of hypertension was 58.5%, diabetes was 53%, family history of cardiac disease was 45%, 35.5% of patients were doing exercise regularly, 58.5% used ghee, and 58% were smokers. C onclusion: Subjects with blood group A had significantly (p< 0.05) higher risk of developing IHD as compare to other blood groups.
authors.affiliation: Dr. Saima Sharif, Assistant Professor, Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Saima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharif
authors.affiliation: Naureen Anwar, MS student, Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Naureen
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Anwar
authors.affiliation: Tasnim Farasat, Professor, Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Tasnim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Farasat
authors.affiliation: Dr. Shagufta Naz, Assistant Professor, Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Shagufta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Naz
keywords: ABO blood group; Ischemic heart disease