title: Gene cooption in mycobacteria and search for virulence attributes: comparative proteomic analyses of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium indicus pranii and other mycobacteria.
abstract: Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is a leading infectious disease taking one human life every 15s globally. Mycobacterium undergoes reductive evolution; the ancestors have bigger genome size and rich in metabolic pathways. Mycobacterium indicus pranii (MIP) is placed much above Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) in evolutionary scale and is a non-pathogenic, saprophytic mycobacterium. Our in silico comparative proteomic analyses of virulence factors of M.tb and their homologs in 12 different Mycobacterial species, including MIP, point toward gene cooption as an important mechanism in evolution of mycobacteria. We propose that adaptive changes in niche factors of non-pathogenic mycobacterium, together with novel gene acquisitions, are key players in the evolution of pathogenicity. Antigenic analyses between M.tb and MIP highlighted the importance of PE/PPE family in host immunomodulation, further supporting the likely potential of MIP as an effective vaccine against TB.
authors.affiliation: Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
authors.forename: Yadvir
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
authors.forename: Sakshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kohli
authors.affiliation: Dr Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Professor C.R. Rao Road, Hyderabad 500046, India.
authors.forename: Divya Tej
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Sowpati
authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, UK.
authors.forename: Syed Asad
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Marg, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Anil K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Tyagi
authors.affiliation: Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India; Dr Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Professor C.R. Rao Road, Hyderabad 500046, India. Electronic address: seyedhasnain@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Seyed E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Hasnain
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D005075:Biological Evolution; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D009161:Mycobacterium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D020543:Proteome; D037521:Virulence Factors
keywords: Gene cooption; M.tb; MIP; PE_PGRS; Tuberculosis; Virulence factors