title: Effects of G-trainer, cycle ergometry, and stretching on physiological and psychological recovery from endurance exercise.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of 3 treatment modes (Anti-Gravity Treadmill [G-trainer], stationary cycling [CompuTrainer], and static stretching) on the physiological and psychological recovery after an acute bout of exhaustive exercise. In a crossover design, 12 aerobically trained men (21.3 ± 2.3 years, 72.1 ± 8.1 kg, 178.4 ± 6.3 cm, (Equation is included in full-text article.): 53.7 ± 6.3 ml·kg·min) completed a 29-km stationary cycling time trial. Immediately after the time trial, subjects completed 30 minutes of G-trainer or CompuTrainer (40% (Equation is included in full-text article.)) or static stretching exercises. A significant time effect was detected for plasma lactate (p = 0.010) and serum cortisol (p = 0.039) after exercise. No treatment or treatment by time interaction was identified for lactate or cortisol, respectively. No main effects for time, treatment, or treatment by time interaction were identified for interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). No differences were observed among treatments in skeletal muscle peak power output, mean power output, time to peak power, and rate to fatigue at 24 hours postexercise bout. Finally, no significant changes in mood status were observed after exercise and between treatment groups. When compared with stationary cycling and static stretching, exercise recovery performed on the G-trainer was unable to reduce systemic markers of stress and inflammation, blood lactate, or improve anaerobic performance and psychological mood states after an exhaustive bout of endurance exercise. Further research is warranted that includes individualized recovery modalities to create balances between the stresses of training and competition.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, The School of Medicine and Children's Hospital, University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, Colorado; 2College of Health and Biomedicine, University of Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; 3Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, Texas; 4Department of Kinesiology, Angelo State University, San Angelo, Texas; and 5Department of Health and Kinesiology, Exercise and Sport Nutrition, Texas A and M University, College Station, Texas.
authors.forename: Amy D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: West
authors.forename: Matthew B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Cooke
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: LaBounty
authors.forename: Allyn G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Byars
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Greenwood
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000502:physiology; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D016552:Ergometry; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D018763:Muscle Fatigue; D053580:Muscle Strength; D052580:Muscle Stretching Exercises; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*; D020127:Recovery of Function; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019344:Lactic Acid; D006854:Hydrocortisone