title: Zampanolide and dactylolide: cytotoxic tubulin-assembly agents and promising anticancer leads.
abstract: Zampanolide is a marine natural macrolide and a recent addition to the family of microtubule-stabilizing cytotoxic agents. Zampanolide exhibits unique effects on tubulin assembly and is more potent than paclitaxel against several multi-drug resistant cancer cell lines. A high-resolution crystal structure of αβ-tubulin in complex with zampanolide explains how taxane-site microtubule-stabilizing agents promote microtubule assemble and stability. This review provides an overview of current developments of zampanolide and its related but less potent analogue dactylolide, covering their natural sources and isolation, structure and conformation, cytotoxic potential, structure-activity studies, mechanism of action, and syntheses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, USA. qchen@csufresno.edu.
authors.forename: Qiao-Hong
authors.initials: QH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: David G I
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Kingston
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001952:Bridged-Ring Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D007783:Lactones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D018942:Macrolides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008386:Marine Biology; D008870:Microtubules / Q000187:drug effects; D015394:Molecular Structure; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D043823:Taxoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D014404:Tubulin / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; D001952:Bridged-Ring Compounds; D007783:Lactones; D018942:Macrolides; D043823:Taxoids; D014404:Tubulin; C451487:dactylolide; C444900:zampanolide; C080625:taxane; D017239:Paclitaxel