title: Ginsenoside-Rb2 displays anti-osteoporosis effects through reducing oxidative damage and bone-resorbing cytokines during osteogenesis.
abstract: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a significant pathogenic factor of osteoporosis. Ginsenoside-Rb2 (Rb2), a 20(S)-protopanaxadiol glycoside extracted from ginseng, is a potent antioxidant that generates interest regarding the bone metabolism area. We tested the potential anti-osteoporosis effects of Rb2 and its underlying mechanism in this study. We produced an oxidative damage model induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells to test the essential anti-osteoporosis effects of Rb2in vitro. The results indicated that treatment of 0.1 to 10μM Rb2 promoted the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells, improved alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression, elevated calcium mineralization and mRNA expressions of Alp, Col1a1, osteocalcin (Ocn) and osteopontin (Opn) against oxidative damage induced by H2O2. Importantly, Rb2 reduced the expression levels of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) and IL-6 and inhibited the H2O2-induced production of ROS. The in vivo study indicated that the Rb2 administered for 12weeks partially decreased blood malondialdehyde (MDA) activity and elevated the activity of reduced glutathione (GSH) in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. Moreover, Rb2 improved the micro-architecture of trabecular bones and increased bone mineral density (BMD) of the 4th lumbar vertebrae (L4) and the distal femur. Altogether, these results demonstrated that the potential anti-osteoporosis effects of Rb2 were linked to a reduction of oxidative damage and bone-resorbing cytokines, which suggests that Rb2 might be effective in preventing and alleviating osteoporosis.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Jie
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bo-Yuan
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hong-Yang
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jin-Kang
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Jie
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhuo-Jing
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: liujianhq@sina.com.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D019610:Cytoprotection / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000633:toxicity; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D010052:Ovariectomy; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D036145:Ginsenosides; D015850:Interleukin-6; D053245:RANK Ligand; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C048026:ginsenoside Rb2; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide
keywords: Bone-resorbing cytokine; Ginsenoside-Rb(2); Osteogenesis; Osteoporosis; Ovariectomized mouse; Oxidative damage