title: A method to enhance the magnitude of tactile hypersensitivity following spinal nerve ligation in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The rat L5/L6 spinal nerve ligation model (SNL) has been widely used to investigate putative analgesics. Pursuit of novel therapies in preclinical settings requires models with consistent and reproducible phenotypes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We assessed the effects of repetitive stimulation of the hindpaws of SNL and Sham surgery rats during the 2 weeks immediately after surgery on the overall rate of achieving tactile hypersensitivity, as well as the magnitude of the hypersensitivity compared to unprimed rats. Beginning on day 2 post-surgery, and continuing on alternate days for a total of seven sessions, animals underwent light brushing/tapping (termed priming) of the hindpaws ipsilateral and contralateral to surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Priming the ipsilateral hindpaw enhanced the magnitude of tactile hypersensitivity such that the baseline withdrawal threshold (BWT) for primed SNL animals was significantly lower than unprimed SNL animals over post-surgical days 15-29. BWT was not different between primed and unprimed Sham rats. The percentage of SNL primed animals meeting the a priori criterion for tactile hypersensitivity of paw withdrawal threshold less than 2.0 grams was 98.9%±1.1%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SNL rats that did not receive stimulation (unprimed) showed significantly higher baseline hypersensitivity when evaluated on days 15-29, exemplified by only 34.5%±7.2% meeting the established <2.0g criterion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data indicate that tactile priming during the 2 weeks immediately after SNL surgery enhances the magnitude of tactile hypersensitivity in the SNL model, and provide an optimized assay for evaluating putative analgesics.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA. Electronic address: simmons-rma@lilly.com.
authors.forename: Rosa Maria A
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Simmons
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA. Electronic address: forster_beth_marie@lilly.com.
authors.forename: Beth
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Forster
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA. Electronic address: guo_wenhong@lilly.com.
authors.forename: Wenhong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA. Electronic address: knopp_kelly_l@lilly.com.
authors.forename: Kelly L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Knopp
mesh_terms: D000588:Amines / Q000494:pharmacology; D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D003509:Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D000077206:Gabapentin; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000503:physiopathology; D006930:Hyperalgesia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008026:Ligation; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae; D008297:Male; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017288:Pain Threshold / Q000502:physiology; D010812:Physical Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D011897:Random Allocation; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013127:Spinal Nerves / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014110:Touch; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000588:Amines; D000700:Analgesics; D003509:Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D000077206:Gabapentin
keywords: Behavioral test; Gabapentin; Priming; Spinal nerve ligation; Tactile hypersensitivity