title: Evaluation of marginal alveolar bone height for early detection of periodontal disease in pediatric population: clinical and radiographic study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish a normal range for the radiographic distance between cementoenamel junction and alveolar bone crest and the factors affecting distances for the early assessment of periodontal disease in Dravidian pediatric population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty children aged 6 to 8 years were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Clinical and radiographic examination was performed. All the surfaces were examined starting from the distal surface of primary canine to the mesial surface of first permanent molar. The various risk factors like plaque, calculus, proximal caries, restoration and bleeding on probing were recorded. A pair of bitewing radiographs was taken for each child. Bitewing radiographs were traced and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It showed that CEJ-ABC distance in primary teeth is about 1 ± 0.5 mm. In the permanent teeth, it was found to be 0.6 ± 0.5 mm in 6 to 8 years age group. CEJ-ABC distance was also affected by different variables like physiologic (eruption and exfoliation) and pathologic factors (plaque, calculus, dental caries, restorations, stainless steel crowns, bleeding on probing and probing depth).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CEJ-ABC distances greater than 2.5 mm should be considered under recall and follow-up. Children and adolescents susceptible to periodontal disease should be identified by radiographic means as early as possible in order to prevent the advance of an otherwise possibly destructive disease. The concept of oral health examination and treatment must include examination of the periodontal status of the patient.
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, ITS Institute of Dental Sciences, Muradnagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Varun
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sardana
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Aswini Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Balappanavar
authors.affiliation: Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Yerala Dental College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Shobha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deshpande
authors.affiliation: Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Bharti Vidyapeeth Institute of Dental Sciences, Sangli, Maharashtra India.
authors.forename: Anand
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shigli
authors.affiliation: Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sudha Rustagi Dental College, Faridabad, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Indushekar
authors.affiliation: Reader, Department of Periodontics, Rama Institute of Dental Sciences Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Guneet
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gogia
mesh_terms: D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003442:Crowns; D003481:Cuspid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003728:Dental Calculus / Q000145:classification; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000145:classification; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008963:Molar / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000145:classification; D016300:Radiography, Bitewing; D012016:Reference Values; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D019237:Tooth Cervix / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014078:Tooth Eruption / Q000502:physiology; D014080:Tooth Exfoliation / Q000503:physiopathology; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging