title: Multiple relapses of visceral leishmaniasis in a patient with HIV in India: a treatment challenge.
abstract: Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is an opportunistic infection amongst HIV-infected people in several endemic countries, and the clinical management of this co-infection poses several challenges. Here we describe a co-infected patient in India who failed to respond to miltefosine monotherapy and subsequently relapsed following two further (different) regimens of liposomal amphotericin B. He was then successfully treated with a combination of 30 mg/kg liposomal amphotericin B and 14 days of 100mg/day oral miltefosine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: shalom_patole@yahoo.co.uk.
authors.forename: Shalom
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Patole
authors.affiliation: Médecins Sans Frontières, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Sakib
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Burza
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: George M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Varghese
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D060085:Coinfection; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D010767:Phosphorylcholine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012008:Recurrence; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; C068538:liposomal amphotericin B; D010767:Phosphorylcholine; C039128:miltefosine; D000666:Amphotericin B
keywords: HIV infection; Relapse; Treatment; Visceral leishmaniasis