title: Intracellular redox-activated anticancer drug delivery by functionalized hollow mesoporous silica nanoreservoirs with tumor specificity.
abstract: In this study, a type of intracellular redox-triggered hollow mesoporous silica nanoreservoirs (HMSNs) with tumor specificity was developed in order to deliver anticancer drug (i.e., doxorubicin (DOX)) to the target tumor cells with high therapeutic efficiency and reduced side effects. Firstly, adamantanamine was grafted onto the orifices of HMSNs using a redox-cleavable disulfide bond as an intermediate linker. Subsequently, a synthetic functional molecule, lactobionic acid-grafted-β-cyclodextrin (β-CD-LA), was immobilized on the surface of HMSNs through specific complexation with the adamantyl group, where β-CD served as an end-capper to keep the loaded drug within HMSNs. β-CD-LA on HMSNs could also act as a targeting agent towards tumor cells (i.e., HepG2 cells), since the lactose group in β-CD-LA is a specific ligand binding with the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGP-R) on HepG2 cells. In vitro studies demonstrated that DOX-loaded nanoreservoirs could be selectively endocytosed by HepG2 cells, releasing therapeutic DOX into cytoplasm and efficiently inducing the apoptosis and cell death. In vivo investigations further confirmed that DOX-loaded nanoreservoirs could permeate into the tumor sites and actively interact with tumor cells, which inhibited the tumor growth with the minimized side effect. On the whole, this drug delivery system exhibits a great potential as an efficient carrier for targeted tumor therapy in vitro and in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China; Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore.
authors.forename: Zhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China. Electronic address: huyan303@cqu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China.
authors.forename: Kaiyong
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China.
authors.forename: Xingwei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore.
authors.forename: Quan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore.
authors.forename: Menghuan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China.
authors.forename: Beilu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore.
authors.forename: Yongfei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore.
authors.forename: Peizhou
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore.
authors.forename: Jinghua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore.
authors.forename: Junjie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore. Electronic address: zhaoyanli@ntu.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Yanli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D004187:Disaccharides / Q000737:chemistry; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008819:Mice, Nude; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D016062:Porosity; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D012996:Solutions; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004187:Disaccharides; D012996:Solutions; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins; C005608:lactobionic acid; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D004317:Doxorubicin; C031215:betadex
keywords: Drug delivery system; Hollow mesoporous silica nanoreservoirs; In vivo studies; Redox-triggered release; Targeted tumor therapy