title: SOLD1 is expressed in bovine trophoblast cell lines and regulates cell invasiveness.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Secreted protein of Ly-6 domain 1 (SOLD1), a secretory-type member of the Ly-6 superfamily, is expressed in both fetal and maternal tissues throughout gestation. SOLD1 mRNA is expressed in the endometrium and in trophoblast mononucleate and binucleate cells, suggesting it plays an important role not only in placental architecture at early gestation, but also in remodeling the endometrium at late gestation. Here, we investigate the expression of SOLD1 mRNA and protein in trophoblast cell lines. In addition, we examine the effect of SOLD1 on the invasive ability of trophoblast cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured SOLD1 gene expression in thirteen bovine trophoblast (BT) cell lines by using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). SOLD1 protein levels were examined in two cell lines, BT-C and BT-K, by using Western blotting and immunocytochemistry. In addition, we measured the invasive activity of BT cells in the presence or absence of anti-bovine SOLD1 antibodies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At variable levels, SOLD1 was expressed in all thirteen cell lines; however, expression remained below that of proximal fetal membrane tissue. SOLD1 protein, which was approximately 28 kDa in size, was detected in perinuclear area of the cytoplasm in BT cells. Treatment with anti-bovine SOLD1 antibody had a dose-dependent suppressive effect on the invasiveness of BT-K cell lines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study is the first to investigate SOLD1 expression in vitro, in trophoblastic cell lines. Our data suggested that SOLD1 is involved in the regulation of the trophoblast invasiveness. Therefore, SOLD1 may play an active and crucial role in mediating communication at the fetomaternal interface.
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Awad
authors.forename: Katsuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koshi
authors.forename: Keiichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kizaki
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan. kazuha@iwate-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kazuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hashizume
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000494:pharmacology; D000950:Antigens, Ly / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002417:Cattle; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D010064:Embryo Implantation; D005321:Extraembryonic Membranes / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010929:Placentation; D011247:Pregnancy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D000950:Antigens, Ly; D012333:RNA, Messenger