title: No evidence for a protective effect of naturally induced HPV antibodies on subsequent anogenital HPV infection in HIV-negative and HIV-infected MSM.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess whether HPV serum antibodies detected after natural infection protect against subsequent anal or penile infection with the same HPV type in HIV-negative and HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM).
  
  
  METHODS
  MSM aged ≥18 years were recruited in Amsterdam, the Netherlands (2010-2011), and followed-up semi-annually. Antibodies against 7 high-risk HPV types in baseline serum samples were tested using a multiplex immunoassay; baseline, 6-, and 12-month anal and penile samples were tested for HPV DNA and genotyped using the SPF10-PCR DEIA/LiPA25 system (version 1). Statistical analyses were performed using the Wei-Lin-Weissfeld method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  719 MSM (median age 40 years; IQR 35-48) with baseline and follow-up data were included in these analyses; 287 (40%) were HIV-infected. HPV seropositivity at baseline was not significantly associated with subsequent type-specific HPV infection at 6 or 12 months in multivariable analyses (for anal infection adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.2; 95% CI 0.9-1.6; for penile infection aHR 0.8; 95% CI 0.6-1.2). High antibody concentrations showed no protective effect against subsequent infection either.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a population of highly sexually active, adult MSM, naturally induced HPV antibodies may not protect MSM against subsequent anal or penile HPV infection within one year.
authors.affiliation: Cluster of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam (GGD), Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: somooij@ggd.amsterdam.nl.
authors.forename: Sofie H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Mooij
authors.affiliation: Cluster of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam (GGD), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Olivia
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Landén
authors.affiliation: Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu, RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Fiona R M
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: van der Klis
authors.affiliation: Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu, RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marianne A B
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: van der Sande
authors.affiliation: Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu, RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Hester E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: de Melker
authors.affiliation: Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu, RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Roel A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Coutinho
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Jan van Goyen Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Arne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van Eeden
authors.affiliation: Cluster of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam (GGD), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Martijn S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: van Rooijen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Chris J L M
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Meijer
authors.affiliation: Cluster of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam (GGD), Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Maarten F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Schim van der Loeff
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D001004:Anus Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D018451:Homosexuality, Male; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000276:immunology*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D010409:Penile Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral
keywords: Anal; Antibodies; HPV; Immunology; Penile; Protection