title: Diagnostic challenges in otogenic brain abscesses.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Otogenic brain abscess (OBA) is a rare complication to otitis media, but one with a potentially devastating outcome. Early diagnosis of OBA is crucial for successful treatment. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of OBA in a Danish population and to describe its clinical manifestation, management and outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 93 patients were retrospectively enrolled by diagnosis codes for brain abscess from 1999 to 2010. Records were reviewed to register age, symptoms, clinical findings, co-morbidity, imaging, microbiology and treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven were found to have had an otogenic focus of infection. The incidence of OBA was 1/million, and the mean age was 43 years, ranging from ten to 81 years. Five patients had acute otitis media and two had infectious cholesteatoma. Four had previously suffered a head trauma. The young patients presented with symptoms indicative of meningitis and the elderly patients with symptoms resembling a stroke. None of the patients were treated with antibiotics before admission to hospital. No mortalities occurred, but three had sequelae in the form of hearing loss and/or neurological impairment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The OBAs manifested with symptoms mimicking meningitis in young patients and stroke in elderly patients. Absence of fever does not rule out OBA; and regardless of any present ear symptoms, an ear, nose and throat examination should be performed without delay to locate the focus of infection and to facilitate targeted treatment.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  not relevant.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  not relevant.
authors.affiliation: Øre-næse-hals-afdelingen, Aarhus Universitetshospital, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. kissow@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Tina Kissow
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Lildal
authors.forename: Jakob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Korsholm
authors.forename: Therese
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ovesen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001922:Brain Abscess / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004322:Drainage; D004433:Earache / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006261:Headache / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008581:Meningitis / Q000175:diagnosis; D008875:Middle Aged; D010033:Otitis Media / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents