title: Methylphenidate significantly reduces lapses of attention during on-road highway driving in patients with ADHD.
abstract: Lapses of attention are characteristic for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and as such may impair performance of daily activities. Data from an on-road driving study were reanalyzed to determine lapses in patients with ADHD after treatment with methylphenidate and placebo.A total of 18 adult ADHD patients performed a 100-km on-road driving test and were instructed to drive with a steady lateral position and constant speed. The SD of lateral position (SDLP), that is, the weaving of the car, lapses, and alertness, was assessed.Driving was significantly better (P = 0.006) with methylphenidate (SDLP, 18.8 cm) when compared with placebo (SDLP, 21.2 cm). Both the reduction in SDLP and the number of lapses (P = 0.003) confirm this significant improvement, which is further supported by subjective assessments of perceived driving performance. Although lapses were common in the placebo condition (11/18 patients), they were much less frequently observed (5/18 patients) after treatment with methylphenidate. Postdriving assessments suggest that lapses often go unnoticed by drivers.In conclusion, methylphenidate significantly improves driving of patients with ADHD by significantly reducing the number of lapses.
authors: From the *Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; †Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and ‡Sleep Disorders and Research Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI.
authors: Joris C
authors: JC
authors: Verster
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Roth
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention / Q000187:drug effects*; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology*; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000523:psychology*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D008774:Methylphenidate