title: Epidemiology of invasive fungal infections in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome at a reference hospital for infectious diseases in Brazil.
abstract: Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) represent one of the main causes of morbimortality in immunocompromised patients. Pneumocystosis, cryptococcosis and histoplasmosis are the most frequently occurring IFIs in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Fungi, such as Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp., may cause severe diseases during the course of an HIV infection. Following the introduction of highly active anti-retroviral therapy, there has been a marked reduction of opportunistic fungal infections, which today is 20-25 % of the number of infections observed in the mid-1990s. This study is an observational and retrospective study aimed at the characterising IFI incidence and describing the epidemiology, clinical diagnostic and therapeutic features and denouement in HIV/AIDS patients. In HIV/AIDS patients, the IFI incidence is 54.3/1,000 hospitalisation/year, with a lethality of 37.7 %. Cryptococcosis represents the main opportunistic IFI in the population, followed by histoplasmosis. Nosocomial pathogenic yeast infections are caused principally by Candida spp., with a higher candidemia incidence at our institution compared to other Brazilian centres.
authors: Instituto de Infectologia Emílio Ribas, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Renata Buccheri
authors: RB
authors: de Oliveira
authors: Jane Harumi
authors: JH
authors: Atobe
authors: Simone Aparecida
authors: SA
authors: Souza
authors: Daniel Wagner
authors: DW
authors: de Castro Lima Santos
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001938:Brazil; D005260:Female; D005658:Fungi / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009181:Mycoses / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D055815:Young Adult