title: Biased hypermutation occurred frequently in a gene inserted into the IC323 recombinant measles virus during its persistence in the brains of nude mice.
abstract: Measles virus (MV) is the causative agent of measles and its neurological complications, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) and measles inclusion body encephalitis (MIBE). Biased hypermutation in the M gene is a characteristic feature of SSPE and MIBE. To determine whether the M gene is the preferred target of hypermutation, an additional transcriptional unit containing a humanized Renilla reniformis green fluorescent protein (hrGFP) gene was introduced into the IC323 MV genome, and nude mice were inoculated intracerebrally with the virus. Biased hypermutation occurred in the M gene and also in the hrGFP gene when it was inserted between the leader and the N gene, but not between the H and L gene. These results indicate that biased hypermutation is usually found in a gene whose function is not essential for viral proliferation in the brain and that the location of a gene in the MV genome can affect its mutational frequency.
authors: Department of Virology and Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan.
authors: Sanae
authors: S
authors: Otani
authors: Department of Virology and Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan. Electronic address: maverick@med.osaka-cu.ac.jp.
authors: Minoru
authors: M
authors: Ayata
authors: Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors: Kaoru
authors: K
authors: Takeuchi
authors: Department of Virology 3, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Makoto
authors: M
authors: Takeda
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan.
authors: Haruo
authors: H
authors: Shintaku
authors: Department of Virology and Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
authors: Hisashi
authors: H
authors: Ogura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000821:virology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018792:Encephalitis, Viral / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008457:Measles / Q000821:virology*; D008459:Measles virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D050505:Mutant Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009154:Mutation
chemical_list: D050505:Mutant Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins
keywords: Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA; MIBE; Measles; Mutation; Persistent Infection; SSPE