title: PET imaging of Oatp-mediated hepatobiliary transport of [(11)C] rosuvastatin in the rat.
abstract: A novel positron emission tomography (PET) tracer, [(11)C]-rosuvastatin (RSV), was developed to dynamically and noninvasively measure hepatobiliary transport and tissue distribution of [(11)C]-RSV in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered either an Oatp inhibitor, rifampin (RIF, 40 mg/kg iv bolus plus 1.85 mg/min/kg iv infusion, n = 3), or the corresponding vehicle (saline, n = 3) for at least 90 min. Then, while these infusions were ongoing, the animals received [(11)C]-rosuvastatin (∼1 mCi/30 s, iv infusion). After [(11)C]-RSV administration, the lower abdominal region of the rats was imaged for 90 min. Time-activity curves for liver, intestine, and kidney were obtained and corrected for vascular content prior to noncompartmental and compartmental (five-compartment model) analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority of the [(11)C]-RSV dose was distributed into the liver. In the presence of RIF, the area under the [(11)C]-RSV radioactivity blood concentration-time profile (AUC0-90 min) was increased by ∼3-fold. Relative to the control animals, RIF reduced the distribution of [(11)C]-RSV radioactivity into the liver and kidney (tissue AUC0-15 min/blood AUC0-15 min) by 54% and 73% respectively. Compartmental modeling showed that RIF decreased CLBL, CLLI, CLBK, and CLK0 but had no effect on CLLB, where B, L, I, K, and 0 represent blood, liver, intestine, kidney, and irreversible loss.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  [(11)C]-RSV can be used to dynamically and noninvasively quantify hepatobiliary transport and hepatic concentration of the drug, in the absence and presence of drug interactions, in rats and could be used for the same purpose in humans.
authors: Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.
authors: Jiake
authors: J
authors: He
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Yu
authors: Bhagwat
authors: B
authors: Prasad
authors: Jeanne
authors: J
authors: Link
authors: Robert S
authors: RS
authors: Miyaoka
authors: Xijing
authors: X
authors: Chen
authors: Jashvant D
authors: JD
authors: Unadkat
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001646:Bile / Q000378:metabolism; D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects*; D001692:Biological Transport; D005464:Fluorobenzenes / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D007668:Kidney / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D027361:Organic Anion Transporters / Q000378:metabolism*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000068718:Rosuvastatin Calcium; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D013997:Time Factors; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D005464:Fluorobenzenes; D027361:Organic Anion Transporters; D011743:Pyrimidines; D013449:Sulfonamides; D000068718:Rosuvastatin Calcium