title: Patient-reported outcome measures for asthma: a systematic review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are measures of the outcome of treatment(s) reported directly by the patient or carer. There is increasing international policy interest in using these to assess the impact of clinical care.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify suitably validated PROMs for asthma and examine their potential for use in clinical settings.
  
  
  METHODS
  We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science databases from 1990 onwards to identify PROMs for asthma. These were critically appraised, then narratively synthesised. We also identified the generic PROMs commonly used alongside asthma-specific PROMs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 68 PROMs for asthma, 13 of which were selected through screening as being adequately developed to warrant full-quality appraisal: 8 for adults, 4 for children and 1 for a child's caregiver. The PROMs found to be sufficiently well validated to offer promise for use in clinical settings were the Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ) and mini-AQLQ for adults, and Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire for children. Rhinasthma was considered promising in simultaneously assessing the impact of asthma and rhinitis in those with coexistent disease. We identified 28 generic PROMs commonly used in conjunction with asthma-specific instruments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We identified asthma PROMs that offer the greatest potential for use in clinical settings. Further work is needed to assess whether these are fit-for-purpose for use in clinical practice with individual patients. In particular, there is a need to ensure these are validated for use in clinical settings, acceptable to patients, caregivers and clinicians, and yield meaningful outcomes.
authors: Allergy & Respiratory Research Group, Centre for Population Health Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
authors: Allison
authors: A
authors: Worth
authors: Allergy & Respiratory Research Group, Centre for Population Health Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
authors: Victoria
authors: V
authors: Hammersley
authors: Department of Psychology, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
authors: Rebecca
authors: R
authors: Knibb
authors: 1] Department of General Practice, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands [2] GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors: Bertine
authors: B
authors: Flokstra-de-Blok
authors: Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College, Cork, Ireland.
authors: Audrey
authors: A
authors: DunnGalvin
authors: 1] Allergy & Respiratory Research Group, Centre for Population Health Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK [2] Asthma UK, Summit House, London, UK.
authors: Samantha
authors: S
authors: Walker
authors: 1] Department of General Practice, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands [2] Division of Paediatric Pulmonology and Paediatric Allergy, Department of Paediatrics, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors: Anthony E J
authors: AE
authors: Dubois
authors: 1] Allergy & Respiratory Research Group, Centre for Population Health Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK [2] Division of General Internal Medicine and Primary Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors: Aziz
authors: A
authors: Sheikh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001249:Asthma / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D063868:Patient Outcome Assessment; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome