title: Factors associated with antenatal depression in pregnant Korean females: the effect of bipolarity on depressive symptoms.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This cross-sectional study sought to identify factors associated with antenatal depression in pregnant Korean females, including sociodemographic parameters, social support, social conflict, and bipolarity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-four pregnant women were recruited to complete questionnaires on sociodemographic factors, obstetric history, depressive symptoms, and bipolarity. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Korean version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Bipolarity was assessed using the Korean version of the Mood Disorder Questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nineteen participants (22.6%) had positive Mood Disorder Questionnaire scores, suggesting the presence of bipolarity, and were significantly more likely to score high on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Antenatal depression was associated with bad marital communication and marital dissatisfaction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that spousal interactions play a significant role in antenatal depression, and pregnant women with bipolarity may be more depressed than those without bipolarity.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.
authors: Chul Min
authors: CM
authors: Park
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Yeonkang Hospital, Jeju, Korea.
authors: Hye-Jin
authors: HJ
authors: Seo
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.
authors: Young-Eun
authors: YE
authors: Jung
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.
authors: Moon-Doo
authors: MD
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.
authors: Seong-Chul
authors: SC
authors: Hong
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Yeouido St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Won-Myong
authors: WM
authors: Bahk
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Naju National Hospital, Naju, Korea.
authors: Bo-Hyun
authors: BH
authors: Yoon
authors: School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.
authors: Min Hee
authors: MH
authors: Hur
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.
authors: Jae Min
authors: JM
authors: Song
keywords: Korea; antenatal depression; bipolarity; pregnancy