title: Extrinsic attributes that influence parents' purchase of chocolate milk for their children.
abstract: The consumption of milk is essential for children's heath; and flavored milk, especially chocolate milk, is often purchased to increase children's milk consumption. However, the sugar content of chocolate milk has raised health concerns. As such, it is important to understand chocolate milk extrinsic attributes that influence parents' purchase decisions when they are purchasing chocolate milk for their children. The objective of this study was to determine the key extrinsic attributes for parents when they purchase chocolate milk for their children. An online survey with a conjoint analysis design, emotions questions, and Kano questionnaire that focused on chocolate milk was conducted targeting parents. Three hundred and twelve parents participated in the survey. Parents reported positive emotions including good, good natured, happy, loving, and satisfied when purchasing chocolate milk for their kids. Three segments of parents were identified with subtle but distinct differences in their key preferences for chocolate milk attributes for their children. Type of sweetener was the primary driver of choice for purchasing chocolate milk for children followed by fat content. Among sweetener types, natural noncaloric/nonnutritive sweeteners or sucrose were preferred over artificial sweeteners, and reduced fat was preferred over full fat or skim milk. Kano results revealed that reduced fat and sugar with an all natural label and added vitamins, minerals, and protein were attractive to the majority of parents when purchasing chocolate milk for their kids.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Understanding the driving extrinsic attributes for parents when they purchase chocolate milk for their children will assist manufacturers to target extrinsic attributes that are attractive to parents for chocolate milk. This study established that sweetener type and fat content are the primary extrinsic attributes affecting parents purchase decisions when choosing chocolate milk for their children. Different segments of parents have distinct preferences for sweetener type and fat content, and they were also segmented by sugar content, natural/organic/conventional claim, and brand of chocolate milk. Manufactures can target different segments of parents based on their specific preferences.
authors: Dept. of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Southeast Dairy Foods Research Center, North Carolina State Univ, Raleigh 27695, U.S.A.
authors: Xiaomeng E
authors: XE
authors: Li
authors: Kannapon
authors: K
authors: Lopetcharat
authors: MaryAnne
authors: M
authors: Drake
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002099:Cacao; D002648:Child; D002755:Choice Behavior; D003625:Data Collection; D005421:Flavoring Agents; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008892:Milk; D010290:Parents; D013395:Sucrose; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013549:Sweetening Agents; D013649:Taste; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D005421:Flavoring Agents; D013549:Sweetening Agents; D013395:Sucrose
keywords: Kano; children; chocolate milk; conjoint; parents