title: [Trampoline-related injuries in children: an increasing problem].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The sales of recreational trampolines have increased during the past few years. Severe injuries are associated in part with trampoline sport in the domestic setting. Therefore, this study was conducted to confirm the hypothesis of an increase in trampoline-related injuries in conjunction with the increasing sales of recreational trampolines and to find out what kind of injuries are most frequent in this context.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 01/1999 and 09/2013 all trampoline-related injuries of children (0-16 years of age) were assessed retrospectively. Only those cases were evaluated which described with certainty a trampoline-associated trauma. The fractures were considered separately and assigned to specific localisations. Additionally, accidents at home were differentiated from institutional accidents.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Within the past 13 years and 9 months trampoline-related injuries were seen in 195 infants. Fractures were present in 83 cases (42 %). The average age was 10 ± 3.4 years (range: 2-16 years). Within first half of the observed time period (7½ years; 01/1999 to 06/2006) 73 cases were detected with a significantly increasing number of injuries up to 122 cases between 07/2006 and 09/2013 (7 years, 3 months), which corresponds to an increase of 67 % (p = 0,028). The vast majority of these injuries happened in the domestic setting (90 %, n = 175), whereas only 10 % (n = 20) of the traumas occurred in public institutions. In 102 children (52 %) the lower extremity was affected and in 51 patients (26 %) the upper extremity was involved (head/spine/pelvis: n = 42, 22 %). The upper extremity was primarily affected by fractures and dislocations (n = 38, 76 %). At the upper extremity there were more injuries requiring surgery in contrast to the lower extremity (n = 11) or cervical spine (n = 1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The underlying data show a significant increase of trampoline-related injuries within the past years. The upper extremity is the second most affected after the lower extremity, but is more associated with fractures in contrast to other localisations and had to be operated on the most. Because of the increase of recreational trampolines within past years an increase of trampoline-associated injuries has to be expected in the future. The security guidelines should be followed exactly and the infants should be under supervision.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Königshausen
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Gothner
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Kruppa
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Dudda
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Godry
authors: T A
authors: TA
authors: Schildhauer
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Seybold
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000061:Accidents, Home / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001134:Arm Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007869:Leg Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D010988:Play and Playthings / Q000293:injuries*; D012307:Risk Factors; D019876:Sports Equipment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013180:Sprains and Strains / Q000453:epidemiology