title: Spinosad resistance of melon thrips, Thrips palmi, is conferred by G275E mutation in α6 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and cytochrome P450 detoxification.
abstract: To examine the resistance mechanisms of Thrips palmi against spinosad, we cloned partial nucleotide sequences of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α6 subunit (TPα6) gene from susceptible (OK) and resistant (TS1 and TS5) strains and compared the deduced amino acid sequences among the three strains. The OK, TS1, and TS5 strains respectively showed LC50 values of 3.4mg/L, 2838.5mg/L, and 6655.5mg/L. The deduced amino acid sequence of TPα6 gene showed 96% identity with that of Frankliniella occidentalis. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of TPα6 gene among the three strains showed that the TS1 and TS5 strains had a resistant amino acid, Glu, at amino acid position 275. On the other hand, a susceptible amino acid, Gly, was encoded at the corresponding amino acid position for the OK strain. The synergist, piperonyl butoxide, respectively caused 1.1-fold , 5.8-fold , and 9.0-fold decreases in the resistance ratios of the OK, TS1, and TS5 strains. These results suggest that spinosad resistance of T. palmi is conferred by reduced sensitivity of TPα6 and cytochrome P450-mediated detoxification.
authors: Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046, Japan.
authors: Wen Xue
authors: WX
authors: Bao
authors: Shimane Agricultural Technology Center, Izumo, Shimane 693-0035, Japan.
authors: Yutaka
authors: Y
authors: Narai
authors: Tokushima Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries Technology Support Center, Ishii, Tokushima 779-3233, Japan.
authors: Akio
authors: A
authors: Nakano
authors: Tokushima Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries Technology Support Center, Ishii, Tokushima 779-3233, Japan.
authors: Takemichi
authors: T
authors: Kaneda
authors: Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan.
authors: Tamotsu
authors: T
authors: Murai
authors: Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046, Japan. Electronic address: sonodas@rib.okayama-u.ac.jp.
authors: Shoji
authors: S
authors: Sonoda
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism*; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004357:Drug Synergism; D008658:Inactivation, Metabolic; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D007305:Insecticide Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology; D018942:Macrolides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D063086:Organothiophosphates / Q000494:pharmacology; D010882:Piperonyl Butoxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic / Q000235:genetics*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013045:Species Specificity; D061149:Thysanoptera / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D019476:Insect Proteins; D007306:Insecticides; D018942:Macrolides; D063086:Organothiophosphates; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic; C104518:nicotinic receptor alpha6; C006863:butyl phosphorotrithioate; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D010882:Piperonyl Butoxide; C415329:spinosad
keywords: CYP450; Insecticide resistance; Target insensitivity; Thysanoptera; nAChR α6 subunit