title: Ovulation induction with clomiphene citrate and metformin in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common causes of ovulatory infertility. It is an endocrine disorders characterized by a high level of male hormones (androgens) and frequent anovulatory cycles associated with multiple ovarian microcysts. The aim of this paper was to evaluate effects of a Clomiphene citrate alone versus a combined treatment (Metformin and Clomiphene citrate).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 60 women with PCOS and infertility were evaluated. Inclusions criteria were: age 26-34 years, nulliparity, above 3 years of sterility, multiple ovarian microcysts, BMI>27.5, oligomenorrhea/amenorrhea, hyperandrogenism and normal male fertility. Four patients were excluded (renal damage 2, tubal occlusion 1 and Pelvic Inflammatory Disease 1). The remaining 56 were divided into 2 groups: group A were inducted with Clomiphene Citrate alone, while group B were inducted with Clomiphene citrate and Metformin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group A we obtained ovulation in 20 women (71.4%), 8 pregnancies (28.5%) and one (3.5%) spontaneous abortion. In group B we obtained ovulation in 24 women (85.7%), 15 pregnancies (53.5%) and no spontaneous abortions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combined treatment was found to be more effective (53.5) in improving pregnancy rate compared to monotherapy (28.5%).
authors: Obstetric and Gynecology, Department Of Surgery, Catania University, Italy - federicagrasso88@gmail.com.
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Leanza
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Coco
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Grasso
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Leanza
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Zarbo
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Palumbo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002996:Clomiphene / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D008687:Metformin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000379:methods*; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000150:complications; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate
chemical_list: D005300:Fertility Agents, Female; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D002996:Clomiphene; D008687:Metformin