title: Childhood social disadvantage, cardiometabolic risk, and chronic disease in adulthood.
abstract: Adverse social environments in early life are hypothesized to become biologically embedded during the first few years of life, with potentially far-reaching implications for health across the life course. Using prospective data from a subset of a US birth cohort, the Collaborative Perinatal Project, started in 1959-1966 (n = 566), we examined associations of social disadvantage assessed in childhood with cardiometabolic function and chronic disease status more than 40 years later (in 2005-2007). Social disadvantage was measured with an index that combined information on adverse socioeconomic and family stability factors experienced between birth and age 7 years. Cardiometabolic risk (CMR) was assessed by combining information from 8 CMR biomarkers; an index of chronic disease status was derived by assessing 8 chronic diseases. Poisson models were used to investigate associations between social disadvantage and CMR or chronic disease scores while adjusting for childhood covariates and potential pathway variables. A high level of social disadvantage was significantly associated with both higher CMR (incident rate ratio = 1.69, 95% confidence interval: 1.19, 2.39) and with a higher number of chronic diseases (incident rate ratio = 1.39, 95% confidence interval: 1.00, 1.92) in minimally adjusted models. Associations with CMR persisted even after accounting for childhood and adult covariates.
authors: Amy L
authors: AL
authors: Non
authors: Marissa
authors: M
authors: Rewak
authors: Ichiro
authors: I
authors: Kawachi
authors: Stephen E
authors: SE
authors: Gilman
authors: Eric B
authors: EB
authors: Loucks
authors: Allison A
authors: AA
authors: Appleton
authors: Jorge C
authors: JC
authors: Román
authors: Stephen L
authors: SL
authors: Buka
authors: Laura D
authors: LD
authors: Kubzansky
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003467:Cultural Deprivation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology; D011203:Poverty; D012307:Risk Factors; D012931:Social Environment; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: biological markers; cardiometabolic risk; cohort studies; psychosocial factors; social disadvantage; social environment; socioeconomic status