title: Estrogen receptors alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ): subtype-selective ligands and clinical potential.
abstract: Estrogen receptors alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ) are nuclear transcription factors that are involved in the regulation of many complex physiological processes in humans. Modulation of these receptors by prospective therapeutic agents is currently being considered for prevention and treatment of a wide variety of pathological conditions, such as, cancer, metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, neurodegeneration, inflammation, and osteoporosis. This review provides an overview and update of compounds that have been recently reported as modulators of ERs, with a particular focus on their potential clinical applications.
authors: Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
authors: Ilaria
authors: I
authors: Paterni
authors: Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
authors: Carlotta
authors: C
authors: Granchi
authors: Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
authors: John A
authors: JA
authors: Katzenellenbogen
authors: Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy. Electronic address: filippo.minutolo@farm.unipi.it.
authors: Filippo
authors: F
authors: Minutolo
mesh_terms: D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008956:Models, Chemical; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D004967:Estrogens; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators
keywords: Agonists; Antagonists; Estrogen receptor subtype α; Estrogen receptor subtype β; Modulators; Therapeutic applications