title: Fungal cytochrome p450 monooxygenases: their distribution, structure, functions, family expansion, and evolutionary origin.
abstract: Cytochrome P450 (CYP) monooxygenase superfamily contributes a broad array of biological functions in living organisms. In fungi, CYPs play diverse and pivotal roles in versatile metabolism and fungal adaptation to specific ecological niches. In this report, CYPomes in the 47 genomes of fungi belong to the phyla Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota, and Zygomycota have been studied. The comparison of fungal CYPomes suggests that generally fungi possess abundant CYPs belonging to a variety of families with the two global families CYP51 and CYP61, indicating individuation of CYPomes during the evolution of fungi. Fungal CYPs show highly conserved characteristic motifs, but very low overall sequence similarities. The characteristic motifs of fungal CYPs are distinguishable from those of CYPs in animals, plants, and especially archaea and bacteria. The four representative motifs contribute to the general function of CYPs. Fungal CYP51s and CYP61s can be used as the models for the substrate recognition sites analysis. The CYP proteins are clustered into 15 clades and the phylogenetic analyses suggest that the wide variety of fungal CYPs has mainly arisen from gene duplication. Two large duplication events might have been associated with the booming of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. In addition, horizontal gene transfer also contributes to the diversification of fungal CYPs. Finally, a possible evolutionary scenario for fungal CYPs along with fungal divergences is proposed. Our results provide the fundamental information for a better understanding of CYP distribution, structure and function, and new insights into the evolutionary events of fungal CYPs along with the evolution of fungi.
authors: Department of Food Microbiology, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, ChinaDepartment of Bacteriology and Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
authors: Wanping
authors: W
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Bacteriology and Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
authors: Mi-Kyung
authors: MK
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
authors: Colin
authors: C
authors: Jefcoate
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Dae-Jon, Republic of Korea.
authors: Sun-Chang
authors: SC
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Food Microbiology, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
authors: Fusheng
authors: F
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Bacteriology and Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison jyu1@wisc.edu.
authors: Jae-Hyuk
authors: JH
authors: Yu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005658:Fungi / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D010802:Phylogeny
chemical_list: D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
keywords: characteristic motif; cytochrome P450; duplication; evolution; fungi