title: [Role of endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway in podophyllotoxin nanostructured lipid carriers-induced apoptosis of VK2/E6E7 cells].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the mechanism of podophyllotoxin nanostructured lipid carriers (POD-NLC)-induced apoptosis of VK2/E6E7 cells mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS).
  
  
  METHODS
  VK2/E6E7 cells cultured in vitro were exposed to 0.125, 0.25, and 0.5 µg/ml POD-NLC or blank NLC for 24 h. The intracellular calcium concentration was measured by laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), and the expression levels of GRP78, GRP94, and calpain2 mRNA and proteins in the cells were detected using RT-PCR and Western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the control cells, the cells exposed to POD-NLC showed a concentration-dependent increase of intracellular calcium concentration (P<0.01), and the differences were statistically significant between different dose groups (P<0.05). RT-PCR and Western blotting showed that POD-NLC up-regulated GRP78, GRP94 and calpain2 mRNA and proteins expressions, which showed significant differences between blank-NLC and the control groups (P>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  POD-NLC induces apoptosis of VK2/E6E7 cells possibly by triggering the endoplasmic reticulum stress response.
authors: Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.E-mail: qi.wang.weng@gmail.com.
authors: Qi
authors: Q
authors: Wang
authors: Kai
authors: K
authors: Han
authors: Xueya
authors: X
authors: Li
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Xiao
authors: Kang
authors: K
authors: Zeng
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002154:Calpain / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; D059865:Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D011034:Podophyllotoxin / Q000737:chemistry*; D012333:RNA, Messenger
chemical_list: D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; C000717247:HSPA5 protein, human; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C018551:glucose-regulated proteins; D002154:Calpain; C569870:CAPN2 protein, human; D011034:Podophyllotoxin; D002118:Calcium