title: Long-term renal function after donor nephrectomy: secondary follow-up analysis of the randomized trial of ketorolac vs placebo.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the long-term safety of a novel continuous infusion of ketorolac vs placebo after laparoscopic donor nephrectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a secondary analysis of a previously reported randomized controlled trial conducted from October 7, 2008, to July 21, 2010. Patients aged 18-75 years received a continuous infusion of either ketorolac (treatment [n=57]) or normal saline (control [n=54]) for 24 hours immediately after laparoscopic donor nephrectomy. Serum creatinine levels were measured at 1- and 1.5-year follow-ups. Glomerular filtration rate was calculated preoperatively, postoperatively, and at 1- and 1.5-year follow-ups using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation. Glomerular filtration rates were compared between treatment and control groups using 2-sample t tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data analysis for the 111 donor nephrectomy patients showed that glomerular filtration rates decreased in both groups over time, but changes were not clinically significant. No difference was found in glomerular filtration rates (in mL/min/1.73 m2) between treatment and control groups at 1-year follow-up (89.29 vs 87.94 mL/min/1.73 m2; P=.58) or at 1.5-year follow-up (88.54 vs 90.25 mL/min/1.73 m2; P=.51).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The novel provision of continuous steady-state ketorolac is safe for postoperative pain control in patients after donor nephrectomy, with no change in glomerular filtration rates between treatment and control groups acutely and at up to 1.5-year follow-up.
authors: Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, AZ.
authors: Gwen M
authors: GM
authors: Grimsby
authors: Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, AZ.
authors: Paul E
authors: PE
authors: Andrews
authors: Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, AZ.
authors: Erik P
authors: EP
authors: Castle
authors: Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, AZ.
authors: Rafael
authors: R
authors: Nunez
authors: Cancer Clinical Research, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, AZ.
authors: Laurie A
authors: LA
authors: Mihalik
authors: Division of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ.
authors: Yu-Hui H
authors: YH
authors: Chang
authors: Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, AZ. Electronic address: humphreys.mitchell@mayo.edu.
authors: Mitchell R
authors: MR
authors: Humphreys
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D020910:Ketorolac / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D020910:Ketorolac