title: Using sit-stand workstations to decrease sedentary time in office workers: a randomized crossover trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was conducted to determine whether installation of sit-stand desks (SSDs) could lead to decreased sitting time during the workday among sedentary office workers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized cross-over trial was conducted from January to April, 2012 at a business in Minneapolis. 28 (nine men, 26 full-time) sedentary office workers took part in a 4 week intervention period which included the use of SSDs to gradually replace 50% of sitting time with standing during the workday. Physical activity was the primary outcome. Mood, energy level, fatigue, appetite, dietary intake, and productivity were explored as secondary outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The intervention reduced sitting time at work by 21% (95% CI 18%-25%) and sedentary time by 4.8 min/work-hr (95% CI 4.1-5.4 min/work-hr). For a 40 h work-week, this translates into replacement of 8 h of sitting time with standing and sedentary time being reduced by 3.2 h. Activity level during non-work hours did not change. The intervention also increased overall sense of well-being, energy, decreased fatigue, had no impact on productivity, and reduced appetite and dietary intake. The workstations were popular with the participants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The SSD intervention was successful in increasing work-time activity level, without changing activity level during non-work hours.
authors: Division of Health Policy & Management, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. dutta.nirjhar@gmail.com.
authors: Nirjhar
authors: N
authors: Dutta
authors: Endocrine Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. koepp.gabriel@mayo.edu.
authors: Gabriel A
authors: GA
authors: Koepp
authors: Family Medicine and Community Health, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. stovitz@umn.edu.
authors: Steven D
authors: SD
authors: Stovitz
authors: Endocrine Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. levine.james@mayo.edu.
authors: James A
authors: JA
authors: Levine
authors: Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA. map@umn.edu.
authors: Mark A
authors: MA
authors: Pereira
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D001066:Appetite; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004032:Diet; D004435:Eating; D005221:Fatigue; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007374:Interior Design and Furnishings; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D016272:Occupational Health; D011187:Posture; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D017132:Workplace