title: Targeted radiotherapy with gold nanoparticles: current status and future perspectives.
abstract: Radiation therapy (RT) is the treatment of cancer and other diseases with ionizing radiation. The ultimate goal of RT is to destroy all the disease cells while sparing healthy tissue. Towards this goal, RT has advanced significantly over the past few decades in part due to new technologies including: multileaf collimator-assisted modulation of radiation beams, improved computer-assisted inverse treatment planning, image guidance, robotics with more precision, better motion management strategies, stereotactic treatments and hypofractionation. With recent advances in nanotechnology, targeted RT with gold nanoparticles (GNPs) is actively being investigated as a means to further increase the RT therapeutic ratio. In this review, we summarize the current status of research and development towards the use of GNPs to enhance RT. We highlight the promising emerging modalities for targeted RT with GNPs and the corresponding preclinical evidence supporting such promise towards potential clinical translation. Future prospects and perspectives are discussed.
authors: Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham & Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
authors: Wilfred
authors: W
authors: Ngwa
authors: Rajiv
authors: R
authors: Kumar
authors: Srinivas
authors: S
authors: Sridhar
authors: Houari
authors: H
authors: Korideck
authors: Piotr
authors: P
authors: Zygmanski
authors: Robert A
authors: RA
authors: Cormack
authors: Ross
authors: R
authors: Berbeco
authors: G Mike
authors: GM
authors: Makrigiorgos
mesh_terms: D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D050997:Nanomedicine; D036103:Nanotechnology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*
chemical_list: D006046:Gold
keywords: cancer; gold nanoparticle; nanomedicine; radiotherapy; retinal disease