title: Impaired intestinal mucosal barrier upon ischemia-reperfusion: "patching holes in the shield with a simple surgical method".
abstract: Mesenteric ischemia-reperfusion (IR) is associated with impairment of the gut barrier function and the initiation of a proinflammatory cascade with life-threatening results. Therefore methods directed to ameliorate IR injury are of great importance. We aimed at describing the effects of postconditioning (PC) on the alterations of the intestinal mucosal function and the inflammatory response upon mesenteric IR.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Wistar rats were gavaged with green fluorescent protein-expressing E. coli suspensions. Animals were randomized into three groups (n = 15), sham-operated, IR-, and PC-groups, and underwent 60 minutes of superior mesenteric artery occlusion, followed by 6 hours of reperfusion. Postconditioning was performed at the onset of reperfusion. Blood and tissue samples were taken at the end of reperfusion, for histological, bacteriological, and plasma examinations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PC-group presented a more favorable claudin-2, claudin-3, claudin-4, and zonula occludens-1 membrane expression profile, and significantly lower rates of bacterial translocation to distant organs and plasma D-lactate levels compared to the IR-group. Histopathological lesions, plasma I-FABP, IL-6, and TNF- α levels were significantly lower in the PC-group compared to the IR-group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of postconditioning improved the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier upon mesenteric IR, and thus reduced the incidence of bacterial translocation and development of a systemic inflammatory response.
authors: 1st Department of Surgery, Semmelweis University, Ulloi Street 78, Budapest 1082, Hungary.
authors: Olivér
authors: O
authors: Rosero
authors: 1st Department of Surgery, Semmelweis University, Ulloi Street 78, Budapest 1082, Hungary.
authors: Péter
authors: P
authors: Ónody
authors: 1st Department of Surgery, Semmelweis University, Ulloi Street 78, Budapest 1082, Hungary.
authors: Tibor
authors: 0000-0003-2440-1223
authors: T
authors: Kovács
authors: Department of Human Morphology and Developmental Biology, Semmelweis University, Tuzolto Street 58, Budapest 1094, Hungary.
authors: Dávid
authors: D
authors: Molnár
authors: 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Ulloi Street 93, Budapest 1091, Hungary.
authors: Gábor
authors: G
authors: Lotz
authors: National Center of Epidemiology, Gyali Street 2-6, Budapest 1097, Hungary.
authors: Szilárd
authors: 0000-0003-1593-4984
authors: S
authors: Tóth
authors: 1st Department of Surgery, Semmelweis University, Ulloi Street 78, Budapest 1082, Hungary.
authors: Zsolt
authors: Z
authors: Turóczi
authors: 1st Department of Surgery, Semmelweis University, Ulloi Street 78, Budapest 1082, Hungary.
authors: András
authors: A
authors: Fülöp
authors: 1st Department of Surgery, Semmelweis University, Ulloi Street 78, Budapest 1082, Hungary.
authors: Dávid
authors: D
authors: Garbaisz
authors: 1st Department of Surgery, Semmelweis University, Ulloi Street 78, Budapest 1082, Hungary.
authors: László
authors: L
authors: Harsányi
authors: 1st Department of Surgery, Semmelweis University, Ulloi Street 78, Budapest 1082, Hungary.
authors: Attila
authors: A
authors: Szijártó
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000472:pathogenicity; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D057775:Ischemic Postconditioning; D065666:Mesenteric Ischemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D008641:Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion; D051381:Rats; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology