title: Study of leptin and adiponectin as disease markers in subjects with obstructive sleep apnea.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Published studies showed conflicting results of the associations between adiponectin and leptin levels and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). In obese patients, plasma leptin is elevated and adiponectin is decreased, and we postulate that these adipokines could be potential markers of clinical and metabolic perturbations in patients with OSA.
  
  
  METHODS
  147 patients with suspected OSA had polysomnography to determine the Respiratory Disturbance Index (RDI). We measured fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting serum insulin, plasma leptin, adiponectin, and full lipid profile. Patients were classified on the basis of the RDI, degree of adiposity, and insulin resistance (IR) (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMAIR)).
  
  
  RESULTS
  28.6% of subjects had normal polysomnography, 34.8% had mild OSA, 19.6% had moderate OSA, and 17% had severe OSA. Obesity was more prevalent in subjects with moderate-severe OSA (47%). Adiponectin decreased significantly (P = 0.041) with increasing severity of OSA. Though BMI was significantly higher in subjects with severe OSA, paradoxically, leptin was lowest in those subjects independent of gender dimorphism.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adiponectin is an independent marker of disease severity in patients with OSA. The paradoxical decrease in circulating leptin, which suggests impaired secretion, deserves further studies as a potential marker of severe OSA.
authors: Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Safat, 13110 Kuwait City, Kuwait.
authors: Sana
authors: 0000-0002-2370-1374
authors: S
authors: Al Mutairi
authors: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Safat, 13110 Kuwait City, Kuwait.
authors: Olusegun A
authors: OA
authors: Mojiminiyi
authors: Department of Medicine, Al-Amiri Hospital, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 4077, Safat, 13041 Kuwait City, Kuwait.
authors: Alia
authors: A
authors: Al Alawi
authors: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Safat, 13110 Kuwait City, Kuwait.
authors: Tahani
authors: T
authors: Al Rammah
authors: Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Safat, 13110 Kuwait City, Kuwait.
authors: Nabila
authors: N
authors: Abdella
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009333:Neck / Q000473:pathology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D020738:Leptin