title: Bone and cartilage metabolism markers in synovial fluid of the hip joint with secondary osteoarthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare the levels of bone and cartilage metabolism markers in the synovial fluid of the hip joint between patients with secondary OA due to osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), rapidly destructive arthrosis (RDA) and developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 70 synovial fluid samples obtained from 57 patients with ONFH (mean age 46 years, 34 males, 23 females), 21 samples obtained from 21 patients with RDA (mean age 70 years, 2 males, 19 females) and 20 samples obtained from 20 patients with DDH (mean age 56 years, 2 males, 18 females). The levels of bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP-5b), as bone metabolism markers, and matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) and keratan sulphate (KS), as cartilage metabolism markers, were analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The levels of BAP, MMP-3 and KS were significantly higher in the ONFH group than in the RDA and DDH groups. The levels of TRACP-5b were highest in the RDA group. The levels of BAP in the ONFH group after the development of osteoarthritic changes were significantly lower than those observed in earlier stages. In comparisons between the samples obtained from each group with a terminal condition, the ONFH samples exhibited significantly higher MMP-3 and KS levels, while the TRACP-5 levels were highest in the RDA group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ONFH patients showed a relatively bone formative condition before the osteoarthritic stage and maintained a higher rate of cartilage turnover throughout several stages compared with the RDA and DDH patients. RDA patients were characterized by a significantly high osteoclast activity.
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Ryosuke
authors: R
authors: Yamaguchi
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. yamataku@ortho.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
authors: Takuaki
authors: T
authors: Yamamoto
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Goro
authors: G
authors: Motomura
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Satoshi
authors: S
authors: Ikemura
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Kenyu
authors: K
authors: Iwasaki
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Garida
authors: G
authors: Zhao
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Toshio
authors: T
authors: Doi
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Yukihide
authors: Y
authors: Iwamoto
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005271:Femur Head Necrosis / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism; D006618:Hip Dislocation, Congenital / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D007632:Keratan Sulfate / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D015207:Osteoarthritis, Hip / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007527:Isoenzymes; D007632:Keratan Sulfate; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; C000605510:ACP5 protein, human; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3
keywords: bone metabolism marker; cartilage metabolism marker; developmental dysplasia of the hip; hip osteoarthritis; osteonecrosis of the femoral head; rapidly destructive arthrosis; synovial fluid analysis