title: [Ultrasound elastography in assessing efficacy of treatment for lower limb varicose veins with a phlebotrophic drug containing a micronized purified flavonoid fraction].
abstract: Venous hypertension combined with other pathogenetic links of the development of chronic venous insufficiency creates conditions for activation of an inflammatory process. Chronization of inflammation leads to alterations in the histological structure of the vascular wall and perivasal tissues, which is reflected by changes in their physical properties (elasticity or compressibility), which may be studied by means of ultrasound elastography (USEG).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The study was aimed at exploring the possibility of using ultrasound elastography for monitoring efficacy of conservative treatment of varicose disease of lower extremities with an agent containing a micronized purified flavonoid fraction (MPFF).
  
  
  METHODS
  we examined a total of 19 patients (38 limbs) presenting with varicose disease of clinical class C2 according to the CEAP classification. The standard ultrasound examination and USEG were carried out using the unit of expert-class "Toshiba" (Japan) with a multi-frequency linear transducer 5-12 Hz. We examined the great saphenous vein in the area of the femur and crus, its tributaries, and the small saphenous vein. All examinations were performed with the patient in the supine, prone and standing positions from the standard approaches in the second half of the day prior to treatment with a phlebotrophic agent containing MPFF (Detralex) and three months after taking the drug at a dose of 1,000 mg/day.
  
  
  RESULTS
  at baseline, according to the findings of USEG the intact veins of the lower limbs had a homogeneous pattern of the elastogram in the perivasal area. The presence of varicose transformation was associated with an inhomogeneous elastographic picture. On the background of treatment with MPFF, all patients showed a positive clinical effect in the form of decreased intensity of manifestations of complaints or complete disappearance thereof. According to the findings of ultrasound examination, there was a tendency towards a decrease in the wall thickness and diameter of the examined veins. USEG demonstrated an increase in the perivasal zones of elastographic homogeneity of tissues. The USEG-revealed alterations were more pronounced in large-diameter vessels. On the background of treatment with Detralex there was a trend towards normalization of the elastographic pattern of the vessel as a whole.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  the obtained findings confirm feasibility of using the technique of ultrasound elastography for identification of objective markers of treatment response to MPFF in varicose disease.
authors: A R
authors: AR
authors: Zubarev
authors: N V
authors: NV
authors: Krivosheeva
authors: a K
authors: aK
authors: Demidova
authors: I V
authors: IV
authors: Rychkova
mesh_terms: D001682:Biological Availability; D004145:Diosmin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004338:Drug Combinations; D016903:Drug Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D004548:Elasticity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D054459:Elasticity Imaging Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D006569:Hesperidin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006801:Humans; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000098:blood supply; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010689:Phlebitis / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012501:Saphenous Vein / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014648:Varicose Veins / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D014689:Venous Insufficiency / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D005419:Flavonoids; C080675:S 5682; D004145:Diosmin; D006569:Hesperidin; C041477:3-hydroxyflavone