title: Chest CT findings in EBUS-TBNA-proven anthracosis in enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We demonstrate the multislice computed tomography (MSCT) findings of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA)-proven hilar and mediastinal lymph node enlargement with signs of anthracosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  53 enlarged lymph nodes in 39 patients (28 male, 11 female) with EBUS-TBNA-confirmed anthracosis were analyzed retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean short axis diameter of the enlarged lymph nodes with signs of anthracosis was 13.7  mm. Lymph nodes most often showed an oval shape (84  %) and were well defined in 66  % of cases. Lymph node confluence was observed in 32  % of cases. Calcifications were documented in 24.5  % of cases. Contrast enhancement and fatty involution were seen seldom (3.8  %). Lymph node necrosis was not seen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lymph node anthracosis may be found most often in enlarged, well defined lymph nodes with an oval shape, frequently associated with confluence and calcifications.
authors: Department of Interventional and Diagnostic Radiology, Allgemeines Krankenhaus Hagen.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Kirchner
authors: Department of Medicine, Allgemeines Krankenhaus, Hagen.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Mueller
authors: Department of Medicine, Sana Klinikum Duisburg.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Broll
authors: Department of Medicine, Sana Klinikum Duisburg.
authors: E M
authors: EM
authors: Kirchner
authors: Department of Pathology of the Universityhospital Duesseldorf, Heinrich Heine Universität, Duesseldorf.
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Pomjanski
authors: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclearmedicine, Marienhospital Herne.
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Liermann
authors: Department of Pathology of the Universityhospital Duesseldorf, Heinrich Heine Universität, Duesseldorf.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Biesterfeld
authors: Department of Radiology, Universityhospital Wuerzburg.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Kickuth
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D055008:Anthracosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000379:methods*; D019160:Endosonography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008220:Lymphography; D008297:Male; D008482:Mediastinum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D061330:Multidetector Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult