title: Systematic immunohistochemical analysis of the expression of CD46, CD55, and CD59 in colon cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The expression of membrane-bound complement regulatory proteins (mCRPs) that inhibit the complement system in normal tissues is essential for self-protection against an autologous immune reaction. However, the expression patterns of mCRPs, including CD46, CD55, and CD59, are inconsistent in different types of cancer cells.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether CD46, CD55, and CD59 are differentially expressed in neoplastic and adjacent normal colon tissues and to assess their clinical significance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemistry was performed on tissue microarrays of cancerous and adjacent normal colon tissues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression levels of CD46, CD55, and CD59 were significantly higher in colon cancer tissues compared with the normal adjacent colon tissues. We found that the expression levels of CD55 and CD59 correlated with the grade of differentiation in colon cancers. In addition, the expression of CD55 and CD59 was greater in stage III and stage IV colon cancers than in stage I and stage II cancers according to staging by the TNM classification.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CD46, CD55, and CD59 are up-regulated in colon cancer. Specifically, CD55 and CD59 are of clinical relevance to differentiation and TNM staging of colon cancer. These data suggest that CD46, CD55, and CD59 have the potential to be used for molecular staging diagnoses and for colon cancer therapies.
authors: From the State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases (Drs Shang, Chai, Zhou, Ren, Fan, Wu, and Nie and Mr Gu, Mss Ding and Yang), and the Department of Medical Laboratory, Xijing Hospital (Dr Hao and Ms Ding), Fourth Military Medical University, and the Department of Digestive Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Force (Mr Gu), Xi'an, China. Drs Shang, Chai, and Mr Gu contributed equally to this article.
authors: Yulong
authors: Y
authors: Shang
authors: Na
authors: N
authors: Chai
authors: Yong
authors: Y
authors: Gu
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Ding
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Yang
authors: Jinfeng
authors: J
authors: Zhou
authors: Gui
authors: G
authors: Ren
authors: Xiaoke
authors: X
authors: Hao
authors: Daiming
authors: D
authors: Fan
authors: Kaichun
authors: K
authors: Wu
authors: Yongzhan
authors: Y
authors: Nie
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D002288:Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018958:CD55 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D018957:CD59 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D018279:Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D003106:Colon / Q000276:immunology; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D051916:Membrane Cofactor Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012016:Reference Values; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C497857:CD46 protein, human; D018958:CD55 Antigens; D018957:CD59 Antigens; D051916:Membrane Cofactor Protein; C051590:CD59 protein, human