title: Interarytenoid sodium carboxymethylcellulose gel injection for management of pediatric aspiration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to investigate the role of interarytenoid injection laryngoplasty (IL) for the management of pediatric aspiration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records of 30 patients, 9 female, with radiographically confirmed chronic aspiration who underwent intraoperative IL were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical improvement was defined as successful advancement of feeds to thinner consistencies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clinical improvement was observed in 57% of patients. Six children with type 1 posterior laryngeal cleft (PLC-1) were not significantly more likely to show improvement compared to the children without PLC-1. Type 1 posterior laryngeal cleft was associated with older age and higher prevalence of neurodevelopmental risk factors relative to absence of PLC-1. Patients with PLC-1 were more likely than noncleft patients to show recurrence of symptoms after initial improvement with IL. Five patients underwent endoscopic repair. Repair was successful in 3 patients who improved after IL but not in 2 patients who did not improve after IL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chronic aspiration can improve after IL even in patients with normal anatomy. Injection laryngoplasty can be performed to improve selection of PLC-1 patients for definitive endoscopic repair. Further prospective research, with a randomized control group, is needed to understand whether interarytenoid incompetence plays a role in some patients with chronic aspiration, who do not have a PLC-1.
authors: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine; Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA david.horn@seattlechildrens.org.
authors: David L
authors: DL
authors: Horn
authors: Department of Speech and Language, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors: Kim
authors: K
authors: DeMarre
authors: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine; Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors: Sanjay R
authors: SR
authors: Parikh
mesh_terms: D001999:Bronchoscopy; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002908:Chronic Disease; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities; D005260:Female; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D058753:Laryngoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D007828:Laryngoscopy; D007830:Larynx / Q000002:abnormalities; D008297:Male; D012008:Recurrence; D053120:Respiratory Aspiration / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005782:Gels; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium
keywords: Radiesse; aspiration; carboxymethylcellulose sodium; dysphagia; interarytenoid injection; posterior laryngeal cleft