title: Influence of type of helmet on facial trauma in motorcycle accidents.
abstract: The mandatory use of helmets by motorcyclists has lowered the incidence of facial trauma, but we know little about the effects of different models of helmet on such injuries. We aimed to find out how different types of helmet affect facial injuries. We collected retrospective data from the medical records of 157 patients treated in a trauma centre in metropolitan São Paulo between January and December 2011. Patients wearing open-face helmets were twice as likely to require an operation as those wearing full-face helmets. The type of helmet is strongly associated with the treatment required.
authors: Health Science at ABC School of Medicine - São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: marcelo.cini@ig.com.br.
authors: Marcelo Augusto
authors: MA
authors: Cini
authors: School of Public Health at University of São Paulo - São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: barbaragrassi@usp.br.
authors: Bárbara Grassi
authors: BG
authors: Prado
authors: ABC School of Medicine - São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: phinnig@yahoo.com.br.
authors: Patricia de Fragas
authors: Pde F
authors: Hinnig
authors: ABC School of Medicine - São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: walterfukushima@ig.com.br.
authors: Walter Yoshinori
authors: WY
authors: Fukushima
authors: Health Science Program at ABC School of Medicine - São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: adamifernando@uol.com.br.
authors: Fernando
authors: F
authors: Adami
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003288:Contusions / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D004867:Equipment Design; D005151:Facial Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006260:Head Protective Devices / Q000145:classification*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008446:Maxillofacial Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009049:Motorcycles / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012887:Skull Fractures / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Motorcycle; facial trauma; head protection devices; traffic accidents