title: [The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome and adenoid size as well as tonsil size in children].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and adenoid size as well as tonsil size in Children.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 545 patients, 338 OSAHS patients (treated group) diagnosed by PSG and 207 patients with vocal cord nodules but symptoms of upper airway obstruction (control group), were enrolled from inpatient and outpatient between June, 2008 and October, 2010. The oropharynx and electron-nasopharyngolaryngoscopy examination records of the two groups were retrospectively analyzed. The patients in the treated group were also divided into mild group, moderate group and severe group according to obstructive apnea index (OAI) or AHI. SPSS 17.0 was used for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the treated group, 89.7% had grade III-V adenoid and 68.4% had grade III-IV tonsil, compared with 30.9% (adenoid) and 13.5% (tonsil) in the control group. The significant differences were found (all P < 0.01). The comparison between patients with different grades of adenoidal size and tonsil size in the treated group had indicated that patients with grade IV adenoid or grade IV tonsil have a higher risk of OSAHS than patients with grade III adenoid or grade III tonsil. In the treated group, the ratio of patients with different severity of adenoid or tonsil had increased with the severity of OSAHS (P < 0.01). This retrospective study had also found that most of the grading results from Electron-nasopharyngolaryngoscopy examination were consistent with that from oropharynx examination. 13 (37.1%) of 35 patients with grade I or II tonsil diagnosed by Oropharynx examination were considered as grade III by Electron-nasopharyngolaryngoscopy examination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adenoidal hypertrophy and tonsil hypertrophy are the risk factors for OSAHS in children. The risk of OSAHS and the severity of OSAHS are positively associated with the severity of adenoid and tonsil. The electron-nasopharyngolaryngoscopy examination is an important examination method for diagnosing OSAHS in children, as well as determination of tonsil size.
authors: Ling
authors: L
authors: Shen
authors: Zongtong
authors: Z
authors: Lin
authors: Yangyang
authors: Y
authors: Xu
authors: Zhongjie
authors: Z
authors: Yang
mesh_terms: D000234:Adenoids / Q000473:pathology*; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006984:Hypertrophy / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D007828:Laryngoscopy / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size; D014066:Palatine Tonsil / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000145:classification / Q000209:etiology*