title: Reactive oxygen species in normal and tumor stem cells.
abstract: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in determining the fate of normal stem cells. Low levels of ROS are required for stem cells to maintain quiescence and self-renewal. Increases in ROS production cause stem cell proliferation/differentiation, senescence, and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner, leading to their exhaustion. Therefore, the production of ROS in stem cells is tightly regulated to ensure that they have the ability to maintain tissue homeostasis and repair damaged tissues for the life span of an organism. In this chapter, we discuss how the production of ROS in normal stem cells is regulated by various intrinsic and extrinsic factors and how the fate of these cells is altered by the dysregulation of ROS production under various pathological conditions. In addition, the implications of the aberrant production of ROS by tumor stem cells for tumor progression and treatment are also discussed.
authors: Division of Radiation Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA. Electronic address: dzhou@uams.edu.
authors: Daohong
authors: D
authors: Zhou
authors: Division of Radiation Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.
authors: Lijian
authors: L
authors: Shao
authors: Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA. Electronic address: douglas-spitz@uiowa.edu.
authors: Douglas R
authors: DR
authors: Spitz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D016922:Cellular Senescence; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia; D051379:Mice; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D011839:Radiation, Ionizing; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
keywords: Adult stem cells; Apoptosis; Differentiation; Embryonic stem cells; Hematopoietic stem cells; Hypoxia; Ionizing radiation; Reactive oxygen species; Senescence; Tumor stem cells