title: Proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans in misfolded proteins formation in Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: Misfolded protein amyloid-beta protein (Aβ) and tau protein are two high hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD), representing significant targets in treating AD. Researches on mechanisms of the two proteins inducing neuron dysfunctions provide therapeutic strategies of AD, including inhibition of Aβ production and aggregation, acceleration of Aβ clearance as well as reduction of tau hyperphosphorylation. Proteoglycans (PGs) consist of a core protein and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) chains, with enormous structural diversity due to variation in the core protein, the number of GAGs chains as well as extent and position of sulfation. Considerable evidences have indicated that PGs and GAGs play important roles in Aβ and tau processing. Numbers of GAGs and analogues have potential therapeutic function in AD. In this Review, we focus on the relationship of PGs and GAGs with misfolded proteins in AD and their potential therapeutic implications.
authors: Peipei
authors: P
authors: Wang
authors: Glycobiology and Glycochemistry Lab, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China. dingkan@simm.ac.cn.
authors: Kan
authors: K
authors: Ding
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007294:Inositol / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011407:Propane / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D066263:Protein Aggregation, Pathological / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017510:Protein Folding / Q000187:drug effects; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013451:Sulfonic Acids / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013654:Taurine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight; D011509:Proteoglycans; D013451:Sulfonic Acids; D016875:tau Proteins; D013654:Taurine; C009217:scyllitol; D007294:Inositol; C001355:tramiprosate; C520274:eprodisate; D011407:Propane; C403769:certoparin