title: β-irradiation (¹⁶⁶Ho patch)-induced skin injury in mini-pigs: effects on NF-κB and COX-2 expression in the skin.
abstract: In the present study, the detrimental effect of β-emission on pig skin was evaluated. Skin injury was modeled in mini-pigs by exposing the animals to 50 and 100 Gy of β-emission delivered by (166)Ho patches. Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical changes in exposed skin were monitored for 18 weeks after β-irradiation. Radiation induced desquamation at 2~4 weeks and gradual repair of this damage was evident 6 weeks after irradiation. Changes in basal cell density and skin depth corresponded to clinically relevant changes. Skin thickness began to decrease 1 week after irradiation, and the skin was thinnest 4 weeks after irradiation. Skin thickness increased transiently during recovery from irradiation-induced skin injury, which was evident 6~8 weeks after irradiation. Epidermal expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) differed significantly between the untreated and irradiated areas. One week after irradiation, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression was mostly limited to the basal cell layer and scattered among these cells. High levels of COX-2 expression were detected throughout the full depth of the skin 4 weeks after irradiation. These findings suggest that NF-κB and COX-2 play roles in epidermal cell regeneration following β-irradiation of mini-pig skin.
authors: Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Busan 619-953, Korea.jskim@dirams.re.kr.
authors: Joong-Sun
authors: JS
authors: Kim
authors: Kyung-Jin
authors: KJ
authors: Rhim
authors: Won-Seok
authors: WS
authors: Jang
authors: Sun-Joo
authors: SJ
authors: Lee
authors: Yeonghoon
authors: Y
authors: Son
authors: Seung-Sook
authors: SS
authors: Lee
authors: Sunhoo
authors: S
authors: Park
authors: Sang Moo
authors: SM
authors: Lim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006695:Holmium; D008297:Male; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011833:Radiation Injuries, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature
chemical_list: D016328:NF-kappa B; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D006695:Holmium
keywords: irradiation; pig; skin; β-ray