title: Inpatient treatment for mania: A review and rationale for adjunctive interventions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the evidence for adjunctive non-pharmacological interventions in the treatment of mania in an acute inpatient setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  A selective review of original and review papers was conducted. The electronic databases PsycINFO and PubMed were searched using the following MeSH terms: mania, mania treatment and inpatient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four studies were identified in the search for non-psychopharmacological interventions for mania that commenced in an inpatient setting: Interpersonal and Social Rhythm Therapy (IPSRT), Group Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (G-CBT), sensory room, and dark room therapy. Only two of these were designed exclusively for patients with bipolar disorder and the other two included these patients in a heterogeneous group of acute psychiatric inpatients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sleep and circadian regulation (Social Rhythm Therapy) that focuses on the establishment and maintenance of regular daily rhythms, particularly in relation to sleep-wake times, meal times and socialization, provides a potentially useful model for managing mania in the inpatient setting. However, there is an urgent need for further research into the effective treatment of mania.
authors: University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand marie.crowe@otago.ac.nz.
authors: Marie
authors: M
authors: Crowe
authors: University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand.
authors: Richard
authors: R
authors: Porter
mesh_terms: D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000628:therapy*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D003624:Darkness; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients / Q000523:psychology; D011613:Psychotherapy; D012683:Sensory Deprivation
keywords: Circadian rhythms; inpatient; mania; sleep; social rhythms