title: Chronic scream sound exposure alters memory and monoamine levels in female rat brain.
abstract: Chronic scream sound alters the cognitive performance of male rats and their brain monoamine levels, these stress-induced alterations are sexually dimorphic. To determine the effects of sound stress on female rats, we examined their serum corticosterone levels and their adrenal, splenic, and thymic weights, their cognitive performance and the levels of monoamine neurotransmitters and their metabolites in the brain. Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats, with and without exposure to scream sound (4h/day for 21 day) were tested for spatial learning and memory using a Morris water maze. Stress decreased serum corticosterone levels, as well as splenic and adrenal weight. It also impaired spatial memory but did not affect the learning ability. Monoamines and metabolites were measured in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), striatum, hypothalamus, and hippocampus. The dopamine (DA) levels in the PFC decreased but the homovanillic acid/DA ratio increased. The decreased DA and the increased 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) levels were observed in the striatum. Only the 5-HIAA level increased in the hypothalamus. In the hippocampus, stress did not affect the levels of monoamines and metabolites. The results suggest that scream sound stress influences most physiologic parameters, memory, and the levels of monoamine neurotransmitter and their metabolites in female rats.
authors: Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Basic Medical College, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
authors: Lili
authors: L
authors: Hu
authors: Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
authors: Xiaoge
authors: X
authors: Zhao
authors: Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
authors: Juan
authors: J
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
authors: Lumin
authors: L
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. Electronic address: tusheng@mail.xjtu.edu.cn.
authors: Tusheng
authors: T
authors: Song
authors: Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. Electronic address: hchen@mail.xjtu.edu.cn.
authors: Chen
authors: C
authors: Huang
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D015306:Biogenic Monoamines / Q000378:metabolism*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000502:physiology; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009929:Organ Size; D011897:Random Allocation; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D065852:Spatial Memory / Q000502:physiology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014828:Vocalization, Animal
chemical_list: D015306:Biogenic Monoamines; D003345:Corticosterone
keywords: Brain; Female; Learning; Monoamine; Scream sound stress