title: Effect of nonviral plasmid delivered basic fibroblast growth factor and low intensity pulsed ultrasound on mandibular condylar growth: a preliminary study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is an important regulator of tissue growth. Previous studies have shown that low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) stimulates bone growth. The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible synergetic effect of LIPUS and local injection of nonviral bFGF plasmid DNA (pDNA) on mandibular growth in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Groups were control, blank pDNA, bFGF pDNA, LIPUS, and bFGF pDNA + LIPUS. Treatments were performed for 28 days. Significant increase was observed in mandibular height and condylar length in LIPUS groups. MicroCT analysis showed significant increase in bone volume fraction in bFGF pDNA + LIPUS group. Histomorphometric analysis showed increased cell count and condylar proliferative and hypertrophic layers widths in bFGF pDNA group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Current study showed increased mandibular condylar growth in either bFGF pDNA or LIPUS groups compared to the combined group that showed only increased bone volume fraction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It appears that there is an additive effect of bFGF + LIPUS on the mandibular growth.
authors: Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Medical Science Graduate Program, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2E1.
authors: Harmanpreet
authors: 0000-0002-0539-4219
authors: H
authors: Kaur
authors: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2E1.
authors: Hasan
authors: H
authors: Uludağ
authors: Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2E1.
authors: Tarek
authors: 0000-0003-4435-5172
authors: T
authors: El-Bialy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000254:growth & development*; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013016:Sound; D014162:Transfection / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography
chemical_list: D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2