title: Para rubber seed oil: new promising unconventional oil for cosmetics.
abstract: Para rubber seed was macerated in petroleum ether and n-hexane, individually, for 30 min. The extraction was additionally performed by reflux and soxhlet for 6 h with the same solvent and proportion. Soxhlet extraction by petroleum ether afforded the greatest extractive yield (22.90 ± 0.92%). Although antioxidant activity by means of 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay was insignificantly differed in soxhleted (8.90 ± 1.15%) and refluxed (9.02 ± 0.71%) by n-hexane, soxhlet extraction by n-hexane was significantly (p < 0.05) potent scavenged 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothaiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid) or ABTS radical with trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) of 66.54 ± 6.88 mg/100 g oil. This extract was non cytotoxic towards normal human fibroblast cells. In addition, oleic acid and palmitic acid were determined at a greater content than in the seed of para rubber cultivated in Malaysia, although linoleic and stearic acid contents were not differed. This bright yellow extract was further evaluated on other physicochemical characters. The determined specific gravity, refractive index, iodine value, peroxide value and saponification value were in the range of commercialized vegetable oils used as cosmetic raw material. Therefore, Para rubber seed oil is highlighted as the promising ecological ingredient appraisal for cosmetics. Transforming of the seed that is by-product of the important industrial crop of Thailand into cosmetics is encouraged accordingly.
authors: School of Cosmetic Science, Mae Fah Luang University.
authors: Nattaya
authors: N
authors: Lourith
authors: Mayuree
authors: M
authors: Kanlayavattanakul
authors: Apirada
authors: A
authors: Sucontphunt
authors: Thunnicha
authors: T
authors: Ondee
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D003358:Cosmetics; D005224:Fats, Unsaturated / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D006801:Humans; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D019308:Palmitic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology; D013785:Thailand
chemical_list: D003358:Cosmetics; D005224:Fats, Unsaturated; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; C027814:rubber seed oil; D019301:Oleic Acid; D019308:Palmitic Acid