title: GERD procedures: when and what?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The topic of "when and what" for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) procedures centers on the correct indications for antireflux surgery gleaned from a thorough preoperative evaluation (the "when") and on the right antireflux operation to perform once the ideal candidate is identified (the "what").
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The goals of this evidence-based review are the following: (1) to identify the key indications for surgery and predictors of good outcomes in the initial evaluation of patients with symptoms of GERD; (2) to describe the operations for GERD in the armamentarium of the general surgeon and their indications, as well as the technical elements of the operation; and (3) to describe the optimal surgical treatment of GERD and obesity when the two diseases coexist.
authors: Department of Surgery, Boston VA Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, 1400 VFW Parkway, West Roxbury, Boston, MA, 02132, USA, piero.fisichella@va.gov.
authors: P Marco
authors: PM
authors: Fisichella
authors: Marco G
authors: MG
authors: Patti
mesh_terms: D003657:Decision Making; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D018662:Fundoplication / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D018579:Patient Selection; D011379:Prognosis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome