title: Overexpression of Yin Yang 1 in bone marrow-derived human multiple myeloma and its clinical significance.
abstract: Multiple myeloma (MM) patients initially respond to conventional therapy, however, many develop resistance and have recurrences. We have reported in other tumors that the transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) is a resistant factor and, thus, we hypothesized that YY1 may be over-expressed in MM. Significantly, higher expression (staining intensity and cell frequency) of YY1 in MM cell lines and in bone marrow-derived (BM) MM from 22 MM patients was observed as compared to expression in normal BM. Higher nuclear YY1 staining was associated with disease progression. Bioinformatic analyses of mRNA in data sets corroborated the above findings and showed significant overexpression of YY1 in MM compared to normal tissues and other hematopoietic disorders. The role of YY1 expression in the regulation of drug resistance was exemplified in a drug-resistant MM cell line transfected with YY1 siRNA and which was shown to be sensitized to bortezomib-induced apoptosis. These findings highlight the potential prognostic significance of YY1 expression level in MM patients and as a therapeutic target.
authors: Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors: Sara
authors: S
authors: Huerta-Yepez
authors: Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors: Stavroula
authors: S
authors: Baritaki
authors: Servicio de Patologia, Mexican Children Hospital 'Federico Gomez', Mexico City, Mexico.
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Del Lourdes Cebrera-Muñoz
authors: Oncology Disease Research Unit, Mexican Children Hospital 'Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors: Clara
authors: C
authors: Rivera-Pazos
authors: Oncology Disease Research Unit, Mexican Children Hospital 'Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors: Altagracia
authors: A
authors: Maldonado-Valenzuela
authors: Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, Siglo XXI National Medical Center IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors: Alberto
authors: A
authors: Valencia-Hipolito
authors: Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors: Mario I
authors: MI
authors: Vega
authors: Institute for Myeloma and Bone Cancer Research, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors: Haiming
authors: H
authors: Chen
authors: Institute for Myeloma and Bone Cancer Research, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors: James R
authors: JR
authors: Berenson
authors: Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors: Benjamin
authors: B
authors: Bonavida
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D001897:Boronic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D000069286:Bortezomib; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D011719:Pyrazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D050986:YY1 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001897:Boronic Acids; D011719:Pyrazines; D050986:YY1 Transcription Factor; C494698:YY1 protein, human; D000069286:Bortezomib