title: Consumption of sweet foods and mammographic breast density: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The increasing consumption of sugar worldwide seems to lead to several health problems, including some types of cancer. While some studies reported a positive association between sweet foods intake and breast cancer risk, little is known about their relation to mammographic density (MD), a strong breast cancer risk factor. This study examined the association of sweet foods and drinks intake with MD among 776 premenopausal and 779 postmenopausal women recruited at mammography.
  
  
  METHODS
  A food-frequency questionnaire was used to assess intake of sweet foods, sugar-sweetened beverages and spoonsful of sugar added. Percent and absolute breast density were estimated using a computer-assisted method. Multivariate generalized linear models were used to evaluate associations. All models were adjusted for potential confounders, including age and body mass index.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For increasing quartiles of sugar-sweetened beverages intake, adjusted-mean absolute density was respectively 32, 34, 32 and 36 cm2 among all women (P(trend) = 0.040) and 43, 46, 44 and 51 cm2 among premenopausal women (P(trend) = 0.007). For increasing quartiles of sweet foods intake, adjusted-mean percent density was respectively 16, 16, 17 and 19% among postmenopausal women (P(trend) = 0.036). No association was shown between intake of spoonsful of sugar added and MD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that an increase in sweet foods or sugar-sweetened beverage intake is associated with higher MD.
authors: Caroline S
authors: CS
authors: Duchaine
authors: Isabelle
authors: I
authors: Dumas
authors: Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Centre de recherche sur le cancer, Université Laval, 2325, rue de l'Université, G1V 0A6 Quebec City, QC, Canada. caroline.diorio@uresp.ulaval.ca.
authors: Caroline
authors: C
authors: Diorio
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001628:Beverages; D015992:Body Mass Index; D000071060:Breast Density; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D042361:Mammary Glands, Human / Q000002:abnormalities*; D008327:Mammography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D008593:Menopause; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008875:Middle Aged; D011792:Quebec / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014932:Women's Health Services
chemical_list: D019422:Dietary Sucrose