title: Familial psychological factors are associated with encopresis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to assess maternal psychiatric symptoms, family functioning and parenting styles in children with encopresis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-one children with encopresis were compared to 29 children without any psychiatric disorder.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher maternal psychiatric symptoms were found in children with encopresis. The general family functioning and strictness/supervision in parenting were significant predictors of encopresis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Family functioning may be screened in children with encopresis, especially when standard interventions have had limited success. Identification and treatment of familial factors may enhance the treatment efficacy in encopresis.
authors: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: Devrim
authors: D
authors: Akdemir
authors: S Ebru
authors: SE
authors: Çengel Kültür
authors: İnci Nur
authors: İN
authors: Saltık Temizel
authors: Ayşe
authors: A
authors: Zeki
authors: Gülser
authors: G
authors: Şenses Dinç
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D004688:Encopresis / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology
keywords: encopresis; family functioning; maternal psychiatric symptoms; parenting; treatment