title: Dextran-based fluorescent nanoprobes for sentinel lymph node mapping.
abstract: Biopsy of sentinel lymph node (SLN) has become a common practice to predict whether tumor metastasis has occurred, so proper SLN positioning tracers are highly required. Due to many drawbacks of SLN tracers currently used, developing ideal, biosafe SLN imaging agents is always an urgent issue. The current study designed a novel fluorescent nanoprobe for accurate SLN mapping. Dextran-based nanogel (DNG) was prepared through a highly efficient self-assembly assisted approach and serves as a multi-functional platform for conjugating wide spectra emitting fluorescent agents. The newly fabricated fluorescent DNG (FDNG) could be designed with optimum size and stable fluorescent intensity for specific SLN imaging. Furthermore, a long-term dynamic course in vivo (from 1 min to 72 h) revealed the satisfactory specificity, sensitivity, and stability for SLN mapping. Most importantly, both in vitro and in vivo evaluations indicated that FDNG had fine biosafety and biocompatibility with lymphatic endothelial cells. All these results supported that FDNG could be used as highly efficient molecular imaging probes for specific, sensitive, stable, non-invasive, and safe SLN mapping, which provides efficient and accurate location for SLN biopsy and thus predicts tumor metastasis as well as directs therapies. Besides, our recent studies further demonstrated that DNG could also serve as a specific and controllable drug carrier, indicating a potential application for specific therapies of various lymph-associated diseases.
authors: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, National Tissue Engineering Center of China, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China.
authors: Tingting
authors: T
authors: Dai
authors: The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
authors: Shuyan
authors: S
authors: Zhou
authors: Department of Breast Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, PR China.
authors: Chuyang
authors: C
authors: Yin
authors: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, National Tissue Engineering Center of China, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China.
authors: Shengli
authors: S
authors: Li
authors: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, National Tissue Engineering Center of China, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China.
authors: Weigang
authors: W
authors: Cao
authors: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, National Tissue Engineering Center of China, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Liu
authors: The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
authors: Kang
authors: K
authors: Sun
authors: The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China. Electronic address: hjdou@sjtu.edu.cn.
authors: Hongjing
authors: H
authors: Dou
authors: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, National Tissue Engineering Center of China, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China. Electronic address: yilincao@yahoo.com.
authors: Yilin
authors: Y
authors: Cao
authors: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, National Tissue Engineering Center of China, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China. Electronic address: guangdongzhou@126.com.
authors: Guangdong
authors: G
authors: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D001835:Body Weight; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry; D003911:Dextrans / Q000737:chemistry*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology; D005260:Female; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry*; D007797:Laminin / Q000737:chemistry; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000175:diagnosis; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy / Q000379:methods*; D042582:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003911:Dextrans; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007797:Laminin; D011509:Proteoglycans; D042582:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C; C059485:matrigel; D003094:Collagen
keywords: Biosafety; Fluorescent dextran-based nanogels; Lymphatic endothelial cells; Mapping; Sentinel lymph node