title: Copper bioavailability and toxicity to Mytilus galloprovincialis in Shelter Island Yacht Basin, San Diego, CA.
abstract: The bioavailability and toxicity of copper (Cu) in Shelter Island Yacht Basin (SIYB), San Diego, CA, USA, was assessed with simultaneous toxicological, chemical, and modeling approaches. Toxicological measurements included laboratory toxicity testing with Mytilus galloprovincialis (Mediterranean mussel) embryos added to both site water (ambient) and site water spiked with multiple Cu concentrations. Chemical assessment of ambient samples included total and dissolved Cu concentrations, and Cu complexation capacity measurements. Modeling was based on chemical speciation and predictions of bioavailability and toxicity using a marine Biotic Ligand Model (BLM). Cumulatively, these methods assessed the natural buffering capacity of Cu in SIYB during singular wet and dry season sampling events. Overall, the three approaches suggested negligible bioavailability, and isolated observed or predicted toxicity, despite an observed gradient of increasing Cu concentration, both horizontally and vertically within the water body, exceeding current water quality criteria for saltwater.
authors: University of San Diego, 5998 Alcalá Park, San Diego, CA 92110, United States.
authors: Casey
authors: C
authors: Bosse
authors: Space and Naval Warfare (SPAWAR) Systems Center Pacific, 53475 Strothe Rd., San Diego, CA 92152, United States. Electronic address: gunther.rosen@navy.mil.
authors: Gunther
authors: G
authors: Rosen
authors: Space and Naval Warfare (SPAWAR) Systems Center Pacific, 53475 Strothe Rd., San Diego, CA 92152, United States.
authors: Marienne
authors: M
authors: Colvin
authors: Space and Naval Warfare (SPAWAR) Systems Center Pacific, 53475 Strothe Rd., San Diego, CA 92152, United States.
authors: Patrick
authors: P
authors: Earley
authors: HDR|HydroQual, 1304 Buckley Road, Suite 202, Syracuse, NY 13212-4311, United States.
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Santore
authors: Space and Naval Warfare (SPAWAR) Systems Center Pacific, 53475 Strothe Rd., San Diego, CA 92152, United States. Electronic address: ignacio.rivera@navy.mil.
authors: Ignacio
authors: I
authors: Rivera-Duarte
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D049872:Bivalvia; D002140:California; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D062312:Islands; D008024:Ligands; D049878:Mytilus / Q000187:drug effects*; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D008024:Ligands; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D003300:Copper
keywords: Biotic Ligand Model; Copper bioavailability; Copper complexation; Mytilus sp.; Water effect ratio