title: A New Method to Determine Antigen-Specific CD8+ T Cell Activity in Vivo by Hydrodynamic Injection.
abstract: Hydrodynamic tail vein (HTV) delivery is a simple and rapid tail vein injection method of a high volume of naked plasmid DNA resulting in high levels of foreign gene expression in organs, especially the liver. Compared to other organs, HTV delivery results in more than a 1000-fold higher transgene expression in liver. After being bitten by malaria-infected mosquitoes, malaria parasites transiently infect the host liver and form the liver stages. The liver stages are known to be the key target for CD8+ T cells that mediate protective anti-malaria immunity in an animal model. Therefore, in this study, we utilized the HTV delivery technique as a tool to determine the in vivo cytotoxic effect of malaria antigen-specific CD8+ T cells. Two weeks after mice were immunized with recombinant adenoviruses expressing malarial antigens, the immunized mice as well as naïve mice were challenged by HTV delivery of naked plasmid DNA co-encoding respective antigen together with luciferase using dual promoters. Three days after the HTV challenge, non-invasive whole-body bioluminescent imaging was performed. The images demonstrate in vivo activity of CD8+ T cells against malaria antigen-expressing cells in liver.
authors: HIV and Malaria Vaccine Program, The Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Affiliate of the Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10016, USA. urai@adarc.org.
authors: Urvashi
authors: U
authors: Rai
authors: HIV and Malaria Vaccine Program, The Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Affiliate of the Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10016, USA. jhuang@adarc.org.
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Huang
authors: Michael Heidelberger Division, Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. Satish.Mishra@nyumc.org.
authors: Satish
authors: S
authors: Mishra
authors: HIV and Malaria Vaccine Program, The Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Affiliate of the Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10016, USA. xli@adarc.org.
authors: Xiangming
authors: X
authors: Li
authors: HIV and Malaria Vaccine Program, The Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Affiliate of the Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10016, USA. Takayuki.Shiratsuchi@otsuka-us.com.
authors: Takayuki
authors: T
authors: Shiratsuchi
authors: HIV and Malaria Vaccine Program, The Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Affiliate of the Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10016, USA. mtsuji@adarc.org.
authors: Moriya
authors: M
authors: Tsuji