title: Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from periodontal pathogenic bacteria facilitate oncogenic herpesvirus infection within primary oral cells.
abstract: Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) remains the most common tumor arising in patients with HIV/AIDS, and involvement of the oral cavity represents one of the most common clinical manifestations of this tumor. HIV infection incurs an increased risk for periodontal diseases and oral carriage of a variety of bacteria. Whether interactions involving pathogenic bacteria and oncogenic viruses in the local environment facilitate replication or maintenance of these viruses in the oral cavity remains unknown. In the current study, our data indicate that pretreatment of primary human oral fibroblasts with two prototypical pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) produced by oral pathogenic bacteria-lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), increase KSHV entry and subsequent viral latent gene expression during de novo infection. Further experiments demonstrate that the underlying mechanisms induced by LTA and/or LPS include upregulation of cellular receptor, increasing production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and activating intracellular signaling pathways such as MAPK and NF-κB, and all of which are closely associated with KSHV entry or gene expression within oral cells. Based on these findings, we hope to provide the framework of developing novel targeted approaches for treatment and prevention of oral KSHV infection and KS development in high-risk HIV-positive patients.
authors: Research Center for Translational Medicine and Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias. East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America.
authors: Lu
authors: L
authors: Dai
authors: Department of Oral Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America.
authors: Michael R
authors: MR
authors: DeFee
authors: Research Center for Translational Medicine and Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias. East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors: Yueyu
authors: Y
authors: Cao
authors: Department of Urology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors: Jiling
authors: J
authors: Wen
authors: Department of Urology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors: Xiaofei
authors: X
authors: Wen
authors: Department of Oral and Craniofacial Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America.
authors: Mairi C
authors: MC
authors: Noverr
authors: Research Center for Translational Medicine and Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias. East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Microbiology/Immunology/Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America.
authors: Zhiqiang
authors: Z
authors: Qin
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D019288:Herpesvirus 8, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D009055:Mouth / Q000166:cytology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000472:pathogenicity; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000472:pathogenicity; D013682:Teichoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053586:Virus Internalization
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013682:Teichoic Acids; D014764:Viral Proteins; C009900:lipoteichoic acid