title: Human cartilage tissue fabrication using three-dimensional inkjet printing technology.
abstract: Bioprinting, which is based on thermal inkjet printing, is one of the most attractive enabling technologies in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. With digital control cells, scaffolds, and growth factors can be precisely deposited to the desired two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) locations rapidly. Therefore, this technology is an ideal approach to fabricate tissues mimicking their native anatomic structures. In order to engineer cartilage with native zonal organization, extracellular matrix composition (ECM), and mechanical properties, we developed a bioprinting platform using a commercial inkjet printer with simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering. Human chondrocytes suspended in poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) were printed for 3D neocartilage construction via layer-by-layer assembly. The printed cells were fixed at their original deposited positions, supported by the surrounding scaffold in simultaneous photopolymerization. The mechanical properties of the printed tissue were similar to the native cartilage. Compared to conventional tissue fabrication, which requires longer UV exposure, the viability of the printed cells with simultaneous photopolymerization was significantly higher. Printed neocartilage demonstrated excellent glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen type II production, which was consistent with gene expression. Therefore, this platform is ideal for accurate cell distribution and arrangement for anatomic tissue engineering.
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Stemorgan Inc.; Institute of Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich; xfc.cui@gmail.com.
authors: Xiaofeng
authors: X
authors: Cui
authors: Stemorgan Inc.; Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Wuhan University.
authors: Guifang
authors: G
authors: Gao
authors: Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute; Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science.
authors: Tomo
authors: T
authors: Yonezawa
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; daig@rpi.edu.
authors: Guohao
authors: G
authors: Dai
mesh_terms: D002356:Cartilage / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry; D055668:Photochemical Processes; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D044968:Regenerative Medicine; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D024043:Collagen Type II; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D020100:Hydrogels; C437167:poly(ethylene glycol)diacrylate; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols