title: Fructose supplementation worsens the deleterious effects of short-term high-fat feeding on hepatic steatosis and lipid metabolism in adult rats.
abstract: The purpose of the present study was to examine the short-term effect of high-fat or high-fat-high-fructose feeding on hepatic lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function in adult sedentary rats. Adult male rats were fed a high-fat or high-fat-high-fructose diet for 2 weeks. Body and liver composition, hepatic steatosis, plasma lipid profile and hepatic insulin sensitivity, together with whole-body and hepatic de novo lipogenesis, were assessed. Hepatic mitochondrial mass, functionality, oxidative stress and antioxidant defense were also measured. Rats fed the high-fat-high-fructose diet exhibited significantly higher plasma triglycerides, non-esterified fatty acids, insulin and indexes of hepatic insulin resistance compared with rats fed a low-fat or a high-fat diet. Hepatic triglycerides and ceramide, as well as the degree of steatosis and necrosis, were significantly higher, while liver p-Akt was significantly lower, in rats fed high-fat-high-fructose diet than in rats fed high-fat diet. A significant increase in non-protein respiratory quotient and hepatic fatty acid synthase and stearoyl CoA desaturase activity was found in rats fed the high-fat-high-fructose diet compared with those fed the high-fat diet. Significantly lower mitochondrial oxidative capacity but significantly higher oxidative stress was found in rats fed high-fat and high-fat-high-fructose diets compared with rats fed low-fat diet, while mitochondrial mass significantly increased only in rats fed high-fat-high-fructose diet. In conclusion, short-term consumption of a Western diet, rich in saturated fats and fructose, is more conducive to the development of liver steatosis and deleterious to glucose homeostasis than a high-fat diet.
authors: Department of Biology, University of Naples, Italy.
authors: Raffaella
authors: R
authors: Crescenzo
authors: Department of Biology, University of Naples, Italy.
authors: Francesca
authors: F
authors: Bianco
authors: Department of Biology, University of Naples, Italy.
authors: Paola
authors: P
authors: Coppola
authors: Department of Biology, University of Naples, Italy.
authors: Arianna
authors: A
authors: Mazzoli
authors: Department of Biology, University of Naples, Italy.
authors: Margherita
authors: M
authors: Tussellino
authors: Department of Biology, University of Naples, Italy.
authors: Rosa
authors: R
authors: Carotenuto
authors: Department of Biology, University of Naples, Italy.
authors: Giovanna
authors: G
authors: Liverini
authors: Department of Biology, University of Naples, Italy susiossa@unina.it.
authors: Susanna
authors: S
authors: Iossa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001823:Body Composition; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D005632:Fructose / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D050155:Lipogenesis; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008930:Mitochondria, Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D063154:Mitochondrial Dynamics; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D005632:Fructose