title: Rat atrial responses to Bothrops jararacussu (jararacuçu) snake venom.
abstract: Envenoming by the pitviper Bothrops jararacussu produces cardiovascular alterations, including coagulopathy, systemic hemorrhage, hypotension, circulatory shock and renal failure. In this work, we examined the activity of this venom in rat isolated right atria. Incubation with venom (0.025, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2mg/ml) caused concentration-dependent muscle contracture that was not reversed by washing. Muscle damage was seen histologically and confirmed by quantification of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) release. Heating and preincubation of venom with p-bromophenacyl bromide (a phospholipase A2 inhibitor) abolished the venom-induced contracture and muscle damage. In contrast, indomethacin, a non-selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase, and verapamil, a voltage-gated Ca(2+) channel blocker, did not affect the responses to venom. Preincubation of venom with Bothrops or Bothrops/Crotalus antivenom or the addition of antivenom soon after venom attenuated the venom-induced changes in atrial function and tissue damage. These results indicate that B. jararacussu venom adversely affected rat atrial contractile activity and muscle organization through the action of venom PLA2; these venom-induced alterations were attenuated by antivenom.
authors: Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-887, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors: Mariana A P
authors: MA
authors: Rodrigues
authors: Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-887, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors: Lourdes
authors: L
authors: Dias
authors: Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-887, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors: André L
authors: AL
authors: Rennó
authors: Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-887, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors: Norma C
authors: NC
authors: Sousa
authors: Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-887, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors: Adriana
authors: A
authors: Smaal
authors: Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-887, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors: Delano A
authors: DA
authors: da Silva
authors: Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-887, Campinas, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: hyslop@fcm.unicamp.br.
authors: Stephen
authors: S
authors: Hyslop
mesh_terms: D000098:Acetophenones / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000997:Antivenins / Q000494:pharmacology; D017837:Bothrops; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form / Q000378:metabolism; D003435:Crotalid Venoms / Q000633:toxicity*; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D064801:Phospholipase A2 Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D054467:Phospholipases A2 / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014700:Verapamil / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000098:Acetophenones; D000997:Antivenins; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D003435:Crotalid Venoms; D064801:Phospholipase A2 Inhibitors; D014700:Verapamil; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form; D054467:Phospholipases A2; C006821:4-bromophenacyl bromide
keywords: Antivenom; Bothrops jararacussu venom; Muscle contracture; Myonecrosis; Phospholipase A(2); Rat atria