title: Transcriptional expression changes of glucose metabolism genes after exercise in thoroughbred horses.
abstract: Physical exercise induces gene expression changes that trigger glucose metabolism pathways in organisms. In the present study, we monitored the expression levels of LDHA (lactate dehydrogenase) and GYS1 (glycogen synthase 1) in the blood, to confirm the roles of these genes in exercise physiology. LDHA and GYS1 are related to glucose metabolism and fatigue recovery, and these processes could elicit economically important traits in racehorses. We collected blood samples from three retired thoroughbred racehorses, pre-exercise and immediately after 30 min of exercise. We extracted total RNA and small RNA (≤ 200 nucleotide-long) from the blood, and assessed the expression levels of LDHA, GYS1, and microRNAs (miRNAs), by using qRT-PCR. We showed that LDHA and GYS1 were down-regulated, whereas eca-miR-33a and miR-17 were up-regulated, after exercise. We used sequences from the 3' UTR of LDHA and GYS1, containing eca-miR-33a and miR-17 binding sites, to observe the down-regulation activity of each gene expression. We observed that the two miRNAs, namely, eca-miR-33a and miR-17, inhibited LDHA and GYS1 expression via binding to the 3' UTR sequences of each gene. Our results indicate that eca-miR-33a and miR-17 play important roles in the glucose metabolism pathway. In addition, our findings provide a basis for further investigation of the exercise metabolism of racehorses.
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jeong-An
authors: JA
authors: Gim
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea.
authors: Selvam
authors: S
authors: Ayarpadikannan
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jungwoo
authors: J
authors: Eo
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea.
authors: Yun-Jeong
authors: YJ
authors: Kwon
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea.
authors: Yuri
authors: Y
authors: Choi
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Hankyong National University, Anseong 456-749, Republic of Korea.
authors: Hak-Kyo
authors: HK
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Hankyong National University, Anseong 456-749, Republic of Korea.
authors: Kyung-Do
authors: KD
authors: Park
authors: Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, and Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
authors: Young Mok
authors: YM
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Animal Science, College of Life Sciences, Pusan National University, Miryang 627-702, Republic of Korea.
authors: Byung-Wook
authors: BW
authors: Cho
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: khs307@pusan.ac.kr.
authors: Heui-Soo
authors: HS
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D000818:Animals; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006006:Glycogen Synthase / Q000235:genetics*; D006736:Horses / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics*; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D035683:MicroRNAs; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D006006:Glycogen Synthase; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Glucose metabolism gene; Glycogen synthase 1; Lactate dehydrogenase; MicroRNA; Thoroughbred racehorse