title: Glutamate and lipid metabolic perturbation in the hippocampi of asymptomatic borna disease virus-infected horses.
abstract: Borna disease virus (BDV) is a neurotropic, enveloped, non-segmented, negative-stranded RNA virus that infects a wide variety of vertebrate species from birds to humans across a broad global geographic distribution. Animal symptomatology range from asymptomatic infection to behavioral abnormalities to acute meningoencephalitis. Asymptomatic BDV infection has been shown to be more frequent than conventionally estimated. However, the molecular mechanism(s) underyling asymptomatic BDV infection remain largely unknown. Here, based on real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting, a total of 18 horse hippocampi were divided into BDV-infected (n = 8) and non-infected control (n = 10) groups. A gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) metabolomic approach, in conjunction with multivariate statistical analysis, was used to characterize the hippocampal metabolic changes associated with asymptomatic BDV infection. Multivariate statistical analysis showed a significant discrimination between the BDV-infected and control groups. BDV-infected hippocampi were characterized by lower levels of D-myo-inositol-1-phosphate, glutamate, phosphoethanolamine, heptadecanoic acid, and linoleic acid in combination with a higher level of ammonia. These differential metabolites are primarily involved in glutamate and lipid metabolism. These finding provide an improved understanding of hippocampal changes associated with asymptomatic BDV infection.
authors: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors: Liang
authors: L
authors: Zhang
authors: Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Neurology, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Lei
authors: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors: Xia
authors: X
authors: Liu
authors: Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors: Xiao
authors: X
authors: Wang
authors: Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors: Zhao
authors: Z
authors: Liu
authors: Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors: Dan
authors: D
authors: Li
authors: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors: Peng
authors: P
authors: Zheng
authors: Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors: Lujun
authors: L
authors: Zhang
authors: Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors: Shigang
authors: S
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors: Peng
authors: P
authors: Xie
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001890:Borna Disease / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D001891:Borna disease virus / Q000378:metabolism*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006736:Horses; D050356:Lipid Metabolism
chemical_list: D018698:Glutamic Acid