title: [Antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacteria isolated from keratitis and intraocular infections at Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Colombia].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bacterial resistance is critical for the selection of antibiotics in the treatment of infections, so it is vital to know its current status in our geographical area.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine in vitro antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial isolates obtained from keratitis and intraocular infections.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study of microbiological tests in Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL) was carried out between June, 2011, and January, 2012.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 92 samples were examined and 110 bacteria, 27 fungi and 12 free-living amoebae were identified. Polymicrobial infections constituted 50% of the total; 1.1%, 0%, 1.1%, 16.9%, 29.3% and 85% of Gram-positive bacteria were resistant to imipenem, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and tobramycin, respectively, while 0%, 8.3%, 0%, 0%, 18.2% and 27.3% of Gram-negative bacteria were resistant to imipenem, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and tobramycin, respectively. For methicillin-resistant coagulase-positive staphylococci, resistance percentages to imipenem, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and tobramycin were 0%, 0%, 0%, 7%, 17% and 100%, respectively. For methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci, resistance percentages to imipenem, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and tobramycin were 3%, 0%, 0%, 24%, 44% and 100%, respectively. Overall bacterial resistance to imipenem, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and tobramycin, for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative, was 1%, 1%, 1%, 15.1%, 28% and 64.5%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The levels of bacterial resistance to imipenem, moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin were lower than for levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and tobramycin. The levels of resistance to tobramycin were very high, which calls into question its usefulness in this region of our country.
authors: Centro Oftalmológico Virgilio Galvis, Floridablanca, Colombia.
authors: Virgilio
authors: V
authors: Galvis
authors: Departamento de Cirugía, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
authors: Alejandro
authors: A
authors: Tello
authors: Departamento de Oftalmología, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Colombia.
authors: Alfredo
authors: A
authors: Guerra
authors: Centro Oftalmológico Virgilio Galvis, Floridablanca, Colombia.
authors: María Fernanda
authors: MF
authors: Acuña
authors: Laboratorio Clínico Higuera Escalante, Centro de Diagnóstico Ocular (OCULAB), Floridablanca, Colombia.
authors: Donaldo
authors: D
authors: Villarreal
mesh_terms: D000048:Acanthamoeba / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015823:Acanthamoeba Keratitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000145:classification / Q000494:pharmacology; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000382:microbiology; D003105:Colombia / Q000453:epidemiology; D003315:Cornea / Q000382:microbiology; D003320:Corneal Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D052978:Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D015818:Eye Infections, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D015821:Eye Infections, Fungal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D015822:Eye Infections, Parasitic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000494:pharmacology; D005582:Foundations; D005658:Fungi / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones