title: Identification of new transformation products during enzymatic treatment of tetracycline and erythromycin antibiotics at laboratory scale by an on-line turbulent flow liquid-chromatography coupled to a high resolution mass spectrometer LTQ-Orbitrap.
abstract: This work describes the formation of transformation products (TPs) by the enzymatic degradation at laboratory scale of two highly consumed antibiotics: tetracycline (Tc) and erythromycin (ERY). The analysis of the samples was carried out by a fast and simple method based on the novel configuration of the on-line turbulent flow system coupled to a hybrid linear ion trap - high resolution mass spectrometer. The method was optimized and validated for the complete analysis of ERY, Tc and their transformation products within 10 min without any other sample manipulation. Furthermore, the applicability of the on-line procedure was evaluated for 25 additional antibiotics, covering a wide range of chemical classes in different environmental waters with satisfactory quality parameters. Degradation rates obtained for Tc by laccase enzyme and ERY by EreB esterase enzyme without the presence of mediators were ∼78% and ∼50%, respectively. Concerning the identification of TPs, three suspected compounds for Tc and five of ERY have been proposed. In the case of Tc, the tentative molecular formulas with errors mass within 2 ppm have been based on the hypothesis of dehydroxylation, (bi)demethylation and oxidation of the rings A and C as major reactions. In contrast, the major TP detected for ERY has been identified as the "dehydration ERY-A", with the same molecular formula of its parent compound. In addition, the evaluation of the antibiotic activity of the samples along the enzymatic treatments showed a decrease around 100% in both cases.
authors: Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), H2O Building, Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain.
authors: Marta
authors: M
authors: Llorca
authors: Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), H2O Building, Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain. Electronic address: srodriguez@icra.cat.
authors: Sara
authors: S
authors: Rodríguez-Mozaz
authors: Da Volterra, Le Dorian - Bât. B1 - 4e étage, 172, rue de Charonne, 75011 Paris, France.
authors: Olivier
authors: O
authors: Couillerot
authors: Da Volterra, Le Dorian - Bât. B1 - 4e étage, 172, rue de Charonne, 75011 Paris, France.
authors: Karine
authors: K
authors: Panigoni
authors: Da Volterra, Le Dorian - Bât. B1 - 4e étage, 172, rue de Charonne, 75011 Paris, France.
authors: Jean
authors: J
authors: de Gunzburg
authors: C-LEcta GmbH, Perlickstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
authors: Sally
authors: S
authors: Bayer
authors: C-LEcta GmbH, Perlickstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
authors: Rico
authors: R
authors: Czaja
authors: Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), H2O Building, Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
authors: Damià
authors: D
authors: Barceló
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods; D004917:Erythromycin / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D004950:Esterases / Q000737:chemistry*; D042845:Laccase / Q000737:chemistry*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D013752:Tetracycline / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D004917:Erythromycin; D042845:Laccase; D004950:Esterases; D013752:Tetracycline
keywords: Antibiotic pollutants; Enzymatic decontamination; High resolution mass spectrometry Orbitrap; Transformation products; Turbulent flow chromatogarphy