title: Influence of the umbilical cord insertion site on the optimal individual birth weight achievement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether the umbilical cord insertion site of singleton pregnancies could be linked to the newborn birth weight at term and its individual growth potential achievement.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cohort study including 528 records of term neonates was performed. Each neonate was assessed for growth adjusted for gestational age according to the infant's growth potential using the AUDIPOG module. We considered two categories of umbilical cord insertions: central and peripheral. Intrauterine growth restriction was defined as birth weight below the 10th percentile. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square, Student's t test, Wilcoxon test, ANOVA, and logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed a total of 343 centrally inserted cords versus 185 peripheral cords. There were twice as many smokers in the mothers of the peripheral category compared to the centrally inserted ones. More importantly, we demonstrated that only 17/343 (5.0%) of infants with central cord insertion were growth restricted, compared to 37/185 (20.0%) of the infants born with a peripheral insertion. Neonates with centrally inserted cord were significantly heavier.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The umbilical cord insertion site of singleton pregnancies is associated with the newborn's birth weight at term and its individual growth potential achievement.
authors: Gynaecology, Obstetric and Reproductive Medicine Department, Grenoble University Hospital, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble Cedex, France ; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), DSV-iRTSV, 38043 Grenoble Cedex, France ; Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38041 Grenoble, France ; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1036 (INSERM U1036), Laboratoire Biologie du Cancer et de l'Infection (BCI), Laboratoire BCI-iRTSV, CEA Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
authors: Sophie
authors: 0000-0003-3354-1551
authors: S
authors: Brouillet
authors: Gynaecology, Obstetric and Reproductive Medicine Department, Grenoble University Hospital, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble Cedex, France.
authors: Anaïs
authors: A
authors: Dufour
authors: Gynaecology, Obstetric and Reproductive Medicine Department, Grenoble University Hospital, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble Cedex, France.
authors: Fabien
authors: F
authors: Prot
authors: Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), DSV-iRTSV, 38043 Grenoble Cedex, France ; Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38041 Grenoble, France ; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1036 (INSERM U1036), Laboratoire Biologie du Cancer et de l'Infection (BCI), Laboratoire BCI-iRTSV, CEA Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
authors: Jean-Jacques
authors: JJ
authors: Feige
authors: Gynaecology, Obstetric and Reproductive Medicine Department, Grenoble University Hospital, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble Cedex, France.
authors: Véronique
authors: V
authors: Equy
authors: Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), DSV-iRTSV, 38043 Grenoble Cedex, France ; Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38041 Grenoble, France ; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1036 (INSERM U1036), Laboratoire Biologie du Cancer et de l'Infection (BCI), Laboratoire BCI-iRTSV, CEA Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
authors: Nadia
authors: N
authors: Alfaidy
authors: Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38041 Grenoble, France ; UJF-Grenoble 1, CNRS, TIMC-IMAG UMR 5525, Themas, 38041 Grenoble, France.
authors: Pierre
authors: P
authors: Gillois
authors: Gynaecology, Obstetric and Reproductive Medicine Department, Grenoble University Hospital, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble Cedex, France ; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), DSV-iRTSV, 38043 Grenoble Cedex, France ; Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38041 Grenoble, France ; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1036 (INSERM U1036), Laboratoire Biologie du Cancer et de l'Infection (BCI), Laboratoire BCI-iRTSV, CEA Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
authors: Pascale
authors: P
authors: Hoffmann
mesh_terms: D001724:Birth Weight / Q000502:physiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000502:physiology*; D014470:Umbilical Cord / Q000502:physiology*