title: Plumbagin suppresses dendritic cell functions and alleviates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
abstract: Plumbagin (PL, 5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone) is a herbal compound derived from medicinal plants of the Droseraceae, Plumbaginaceae, Dioncophyllaceae, and Ancistrocladaceae families. Reports have shown that PL exerts immunomodulatory activity and may be a novel drug candidate for immune-related disease therapy. However, its effects on dendritic cells (DCs), the most potent antigen-presenting cells (APCs), remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that PL inhibits the differentiation, maturation, and function of human monocyte-derived DCs. PL can also restrict the expression of Th1- and Th17-polarizing cytokines in mDC. In addition, PL suppresses DCs both in vitro and in vivo, as demonstrated by its effects on the mouse DC line DC2.4 and mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), respectively. Notably, PL ameliorated the clinical symptoms of EAE, including central nervous system (CNS) inflammation and demyelination. Our results demonstrate the immune suppressive and anti-inflammatory properties of PL via its effects on DCs and suggest that PL could be a potential treatment for DC-related autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
authors: Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Research Center of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Immunology, Basic Medical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Key Laboratory of Educational Ministry of China, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors: Kai
authors: K
authors: Zhang
authors: Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Research Center of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors: Zhenzhen
authors: Z
authors: Ge
authors: Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Research Center of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Immunology, Basic Medical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Key Laboratory of Educational Ministry of China, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors: Yurong
authors: Y
authors: Da
authors: Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Research Center of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors: Dong
authors: D
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Neurology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Liu
authors: Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Research Center of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Immunology, Basic Medical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Key Laboratory of Educational Ministry of China, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors: Zhenyi
authors: Z
authors: Xue
authors: Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Research Center of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Immunology, Basic Medical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Key Laboratory of Educational Ministry of China, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Li
authors: Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Research Center of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Immunology, Basic Medical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Key Laboratory of Educational Ministry of China, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors: Wen
authors: W
authors: Li
authors: Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Research Center of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Immunology, Basic Medical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors: Lijuan
authors: L
authors: Zhang
authors: Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Research Center of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors: Huafeng
authors: H
authors: Wang
authors: Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Research Center of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors: Huan
authors: H
authors: Zhang
authors: Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Research Center of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Immunology, Basic Medical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Key Laboratory of Educational Ministry of China, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors: Meiyu
authors: M
authors: Peng
authors: Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.
authors: Junwei
authors: J
authors: Hao
authors: Department of Immunology, Basic Medical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Key Laboratory of Educational Ministry of China, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China. Electronic address: yaozhi@tijmu.edu.cn.
authors: Zhi
authors: Z
authors: Yao
authors: Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Research Center of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Immunology, Basic Medical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Key Laboratory of Educational Ministry of China, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China. Electronic address: rongxinz@yahoo.com.
authors: Rongxin
authors: R
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004681:Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009285:Naphthoquinones / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D015703:Antigens, CD; D016207:Cytokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009285:Naphthoquinones; C014758:plumbagin
keywords: Dendritic cells; Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; Inflammation; Multiple sclerosis; Plumbagin