title: Elevated levels of hs-CRP are associated with high prevalence of depression in japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: the Diabetes Distress and Care Registry at Tenri (DDCRT 6).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Because of the absence of data on the direct association between inflammation and depression in patients with diabetes, we examined the association between hs-CRP levels and the high prevalence of depression in adult patients with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional data were obtained from 3,573 patients with type 2 diabetes recruited from a Japanese diabetes registry. A multiple logistic regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders was used to assess independent associations between hs-CRP levels and major depression, as defined by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age, BMI, and HbA1c levels were 66.0 years, 24.6 kg/m(2), and 7.4% (57.8 mmol/mol), respectively, and 122 patients (3.4%) suffered from major depression. In the age- and sex-adjusted model, the odds ratio (OR) for major depression was 1.86 (95% CI 1.01-3.42; P = 0.045) in the highest CRP quintile compared with that in the 3rd CRP quintile; however, this association disappeared after adjustment for other possible confounders (OR 1.58 [95% CI 0.85-2.94]; P = 0.148). Among patients with a BMI of ≥25 kg/m(2), a significant association was observed between the highest hs-CRP quintile and major depression (multivariable-adjusted OR 2.69 [95% CI 1.09-7.08]; P = 0.032).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We observed a significant positive association between high hs-CRP levels and depression in patients with diabetes who had a high BMI.
authors: Department of Endocrinology, Tenri Hospital, Tenri, Japan hayasino-y@umin.net.
authors: Yasuaki
authors: Y
authors: Hayashino
authors: Department of Endocrinology, Tenri Hospital, Tenri, Japan.
authors: Tsuyoshi
authors: T
authors: Mashitani
authors: Department of Endocrinology, Tenri Hospital, Tenri, Japan.
authors: Satoru
authors: S
authors: Tsujii
authors: Department of Endocrinology, Tenri Hospital, Tenri, Japan.
authors: Hitoshi
authors: H
authors: Ishii
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012042:Registries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein