title: Reducing chronic visuo-spatial neglect following right hemisphere stroke through instrument playing.
abstract: Unilateral visuo-spatial neglect is a neuropsychological syndrome commonly resulting from right hemisphere stroke at the temporo-parietal junction of the infero-posterior parietal cortex. Neglect is characterized by reduced awareness of stimuli presented on patients' contralesional side of space. Inspired by evidence of increased spatial exploration of patients' left side achieved during keyboard scale-playing, the current study employed a music intervention that involved making sequential goal-directed actions in the neglected part of space, in order to determine whether this would bring about clinically significant improvement in chronic neglect. Two left neglect patients completed an intervention comprising four weekly 30-min music intervention sessions involving playing scales and familiar melodies on chime bars from right to left. Two cancellation tests [Mesulam shape, Behavioral Inattention Test (BIT) star], the neglect subtest from the computerized TAP (Test of Attentional Performance) battery, and the line bisection test were administered three times during a preliminary baseline phase, before and after the four intervention sessions during the intervention phase to investigate short-term effects, and 1 week after the last intervention session to investigate whether any changes in performance would persist. Both patients demonstrated significant short-term and longer-lasting improvements on the Mesulam shape cancellation test. One patient also showed longer-lasting effects on the BIT star cancellation test and scored in the normal range 1 week after the intervention. These findings provide preliminary evidence that active music-making with a horizontally aligned instrument may help neglect patients attend more to their affected side.
authors: Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University , Aarhus , Denmark.
authors: Rebeka
authors: R
authors: Bodak
authors: Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London , London , UK.
authors: Paresh
authors: P
authors: Malhotra
authors: Department of Psychology, McGill University , Montreal, QC , Canada.
authors: Nicolò F
authors: NF
authors: Bernardi
authors: Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths University of London , London , UK.
authors: Gianna
authors: G
authors: Cocchini
authors: Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths University of London , London , UK.
authors: Lauren
authors: L
authors: Stewart
keywords: auditory–motor; motivation; music therapy; neglect; rehabilitation; spatial attention; stroke