title: Aggregating validity indicators embedded in Conners' CPT-II outperforms individual cutoffs at separating valid from invalid performance in adults with traumatic brain injury.
abstract: Continuous performance tests (CPT) provide a useful paradigm to assess vigilance and sustained attention. However, few established methods exist to assess the validity of a given response set. The present study examined embedded validity indicators (EVIs) previously found effective at dissociating valid from invalid performance in relation to well-established performance validity tests in 104 adults with TBI referred for neuropsychological testing. Findings suggest that aggregating EVIs increases their signal detection performance. While individual EVIs performed well at their optimal cutoffs, two specific combinations of these five indicators generally produced the best classification accuracy. A CVI-5A ≥3 had a specificity of .92-.95 and a sensitivity of .45-.54. At ≥4 the CVI-5B had a specificity of .94-.97 and sensitivity of .40-.50. The CVI-5s provide a single numerical summary of the cumulative evidence of invalid performance within the CPT-II. Results support the use of a flexible, multivariate approach to performance validity assessment.
authors: Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada Clinical Neuropsychology Service, University Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada Neuropsychology Service, Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA.
authors: Laszlo A
authors: LA
authors: Erdodi
authors: Neuropsychology Service, Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA.
authors: Robert M
authors: RM
authors: Roth
authors: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Adult Neurorehabilitation Day Treatment Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors: Ned L
authors: NL
authors: Kirsch
authors: Department of Psychology, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, USA.
authors: Renee
authors: R
authors: Lajiness-O'neill
authors: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Adult Neurorehabilitation Day Treatment Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors: Brent
authors: B
authors: Medoff
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology*; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008306:Malingering / Q000175:diagnosis; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010045:Outpatients; D011930:Reaction Time; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: ADHD; Assessment; Forensic neuropsychology; Performance validity testing