title: Evaluation of serum adiponectin concentrations among drug abusers on methadone maintenance treatment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived protein, modulates a number of metabolic processes. Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) changes the level of hormones produced by adipose tissue in addicts. However, current data remains contradictory.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of MMT on serum adiponectin levels in drug addicts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-five drug abusers with a mean age of 37.4 ± 8.7 years were referred to the Baharan Hospital, Zahedan, and 22 healthy age-matched control subjects with a mean age of 35 ± 9.5 years were enrolled in the study. Addicts were treated with methadone at (40 to 120 mg/d) for six months. Measurement of anthropometric parameters, serum adiponectin, and biochemical parameter levels, were assessed in the addicts, before and after six months of MMT, but only once in the healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean basal serum adiponectin level was not significantly lower in the drug abuser group compared to the healthy subjects (P > 0.05). After six months of MMT, the mean serum adiponectin level of the drug addicts was not significantly different from their mean baseline level or that of the healthy subjects (P > 0.05). However, the mean baseline serum adiponectin level was significantly lower in overweight/obese addicts when compared to underweight patients and healthy individuals (P < 0.001). After six months of MMT, the mean level of serum adiponectin increased significantly in the underweight subjects compared to the normal weight and overweight/obese subjects (P < 0.0001) and the control group (P < 0.001). Adiponectin concentration was correlated inversely with body mass index and positively correlated with waist circumference and serum high-density lipoprotein levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study showed that MMT did not markedly alter the concentration of serum adiponectin in drug abusers. However, in regard to the variations in the serum lipid profiles and anthropometric parameters, the findings indicated that low concentrations of serum adiponectin might play a role in the pathogenesis of obesity and other metabolic abnormalities. Thus, more long-term studies with larger sample sizes are recommended.
authors: Pregnancy Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran ; Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran ; Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran.
authors: Farzaneh
authors: F
authors: Montazerifar
authors: Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran ; Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran.
authors: Mansour
authors: M
authors: Karajibani
authors: Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran ; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Baharan Psychatric Hospital, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran.
authors: Kobra
authors: K
authors: Lashkaripour
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Baharan Psychatric Hospital, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran.
authors: Maryam
authors: M
authors: Yousefi
keywords: Adiponectin; Drug Users; Methadone