title: Preparation of laponite bioceramics for potential bone tissue engineering applications.
abstract: We report a facile approach to preparing laponite (LAP) bioceramics via sintering LAP powder compacts for bone tissue engineering applications. The sintering behavior and mechanical properties of LAP compacts under different temperatures, heating rates, and soaking times were investigated. We show that LAP bioceramic with a smooth and porous surface can be formed at 800°C with a heating rate of 5°C/h for 6 h under air. The formed LAP bioceramic was systematically characterized via different methods. Our results reveal that the LAP bioceramic possesses an excellent surface hydrophilicity and serum absorption capacity, and good cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility as demonstrated by resazurin reduction assay of rat mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) and hemolytic assay of pig red blood cells, respectively. The potential bone tissue engineering applicability of LAP bioceramic was explored by studying the surface mineralization behavior via soaking in simulated body fluid (SBF), as well as the surface cellular response of rMSCs. Our results suggest that LAP bioceramic is able to induce hydroxyapatite deposition on its surface when soaked in SBF and rMSCs can proliferate well on the LAP bioceramic surface. Most strikingly, alkaline phosphatase activity together with alizarin red staining results reveal that the produced LAP bioceramic is able to induce osteoblast differentiation of rMSCs in growth medium without any inducing factors. Finally, in vivo animal implantation, acute systemic toxicity test and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-staining data demonstrate that the prepared LAP bioceramic displays an excellent biosafety and is able to heal the bone defect. Findings from this study suggest that the developed LAP bioceramic holds a great promise for treating bone defects in bone tissue engineering.
authors: Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors: Chuanshun
authors: C
authors: Wang
authors: State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors: Shige
authors: S
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors: Kai
authors: K
authors: Li
authors: Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors: Yaping
authors: Y
authors: Ju
authors: Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors: Jipeng
authors: J
authors: Li
authors: Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors: Yongxing
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors: Jinhua
authors: J
authors: Li
authors: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors: Xuanyong
authors: X
authors: Liu
authors: State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, P. R. China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors: Xiangyang
authors: X
authors: Shi
authors: Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors: Qinghua
authors: Q
authors: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects*; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002516:Ceramics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D044967:Serum / Q000378:metabolism; D017640:Silicates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D034421:Sus scrofa; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D017640:Silicates; C524813:laponite