title: Stress urinary incontinence in premenopausal and postmenopausal women: evaluation of serum estradiol levels and bone mineral density.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Stress urinary incontinence is the most common form of urinary incontinence, occurring in pure or mixed forms in nearly 80% of women with incontinence. Hypoestrogenism may cause female incontinence and low bone mineral density, together. So, we investigated the relationship between stress urinary incontinence, serum E2 levels and osteoporosis in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.
  
  
  METHODS
  From February 2011 to March 2012, 78 postmenopausal and 30 premenopausal women with stress incontinence, and 57 continent postmenopausal and 20 premenopausal women included in the study. All women's ages, body mass indexes, comorbidities, numbers of birth, number of pregnancies, serum estradiol levels and T-scores were evaluated and compared between groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bone mineral density was evaluated in groups. Osteoporosis was more in women with stress urinary incontinence (P<0.05). E2 levels were found decrease in the postmenopausal and premenopausal women who have stress urinary incontinence compared to control group. we found that the women who have low estradiol levels, usually T score was ≤ -2.5 and have osteoporosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Osteoporotic women should be evaluated for urinary incontinence and vice versa women with urinary incontinence evaluated for osteoporosis. Further studies are needed to clarify molecular mechanisms of these results.
authors: Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital Department of Urology, Istanbul, Turkey - mrt_drsn@hotmail.com.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Ozbek
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Dursun
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Otunctemur
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Sami Cakir
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Can Polat
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015519:Bone Density; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D017698:Postmenopause; D017697:Premenopause; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D004958:Estradiol