title: Novel swine model of transfusion-related acute lung injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a life-threatening complication of blood transfusion. Antibodies against human leukocyte antigens in donors' plasma are the major causes of TRALI. Several animal models of TRALI have been developed, and the mechanism underlying TRALI development has been extensively investigated using rodent models. Although sheep models of nonimmune TRALI have been developed, large-animal models of antibody-mediated TRALI are not yet available.
  
  
  METHODS
  To develop a swine model of TRALI, male Clawn strain miniature pigs were used. A monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against swine leukocyte antigens (SLAs) Class I (4G8, 0.3 or 1.0 mg/kg body weight [BW]) and a control antibody (1.0 mg/kg BW) were injected into the peripheral vein after priming with or without 1 μg/kg BW lipopolysaccharide (LPS; n = 3 each). Lung injury was assessed using PaO2 /FiO2 (P/F) ratio and by chest X-ray imaging. Histopathologic analysis was also conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lung injury could be induced by injecting 4G8 at an amount of 1.0 mg/kg BW, after LPS. The P/F ratio 90 minutes after the administration of 4G8 significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Bilateral infiltration was shown in chest X-ray imaging. Lung injury was confirmed by histopathologic analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lung injury in pigs was successfully induced by anti-SLA MoAb. Priming with LPS is a prerequisite for inducing lung injury and the amount of the antibody is a critical condition.
authors: Research and Development Department, Central Blood Institute, Blood Service Headquarters, Japanese Red Cross Society, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Transfusion Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Hitoshi
authors: H
authors: Okazaki
authors: Osamu
authors: O
authors: Ishikawa
authors: Takehiko
authors: T
authors: Iijima
authors: Takahiro
authors: T
authors: Kohira
authors: Mai
authors: M
authors: Teranishi
authors: Shin
authors: S
authors: Kawasaki
authors: Akira
authors: A
authors: Saito
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: Mikami
authors: Asuka
authors: A
authors: Sugiura
authors: Shiho
authors: S
authors: Hashimoto
authors: Eiko
authors: E
authors: Shimada
authors: Makoto
authors: M
authors: Uchikawa
authors: Mika
authors: M
authors: Matsuhashi
authors: Nelson H
authors: NH
authors: Tsuno
authors: Minoru
authors: M
authors: Tanaka
authors: Nobutaka
authors: N
authors: Kiyokawa
authors: Junichiro
authors: J
authors: Fujimoto
authors: Takahide
authors: T
authors: Nagase
authors: Kenji
authors: K
authors: Tadokoro
authors: Koki
authors: K
authors: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / Q000276:immunology / Q000633:toxicity*; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature
chemical_list: D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; C440499:lipopolysaccharide, Escherichia coli O111 B4