title: Integrated surgical residency initiative: implications for cardiothoracic surgery.
abstract: The history, conceptualization, and implementation of the integrated six year cardiothoracic residency paradigm is discussed. Emphasis is placed of critcal logistical points, as well as the challenges associated with obtaining operative case requirements. Strategies for providing and monitoring didactic and technical skills education are presented.
authors: Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina. Electronic address: ikonomij@musc.edu.
authors: John S
authors: JS
authors: Ikonomidis
authors: Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
authors: Fred A
authors: FA
authors: Crawford
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
authors: James I
authors: JI
authors: Fann
mesh_terms: D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000193:education*; D002321:Career Choice; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D012955:Societies, Medical; D014481:United States
keywords: Cardiothoracic surgery education; history