title: Comparison of sonographically guided percutaneous sodium tetradecyl sulfate injection with ethanol injection in the treatment of benign nonfunctioning thyroid nodules.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy of percutaneous sodium tetradecyl sulfate (STS) injection with ethanol injection in the treatment of benign nonfunctioning thyroid nodules.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective study included 47 patients with 50 benign thyroid nodules. The lesions were randomly assigned into two groups: 20 in the ethanol arm and 30 in the STS arm. The mean lesion volume was 25.6 mL ± 28.5 (range, 4-122.1 mL) in the ethanol arm and 25.4 mL ± 27 (range, 0.72-129 mL) in the STS arm. One sitting of sclerosant injection was done in 20 lesions, and two injections, three injections, four injections, five injections, six injections, seven injections, and eight sittings of injections were done in 9 lesions, 4 lesions, 8 lesions, 4 lesions, 2 lesions, 2 lesions, and 1 lesion. The mean volumes of the instilled ethanol and STS were 5.3 mL and 7.8 mL, respectively, per sitting. Follow-up sonography was performed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The final 12-month follow-up lesion volumes were 4.1 mL ± 3.7 (range, 0.3-15.2 mL) in the ethanol group and 4.4 mL ± 5.8 (range, 0.01-29.6 mL) in the STS group (P = .85). The mean volume reduction was 84% and 82.8% in the two groups. No significant adverse effects were seen in either of the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sonographically guided percutaneous ethanol and STS injections are not significantly different from each other in terms of the volume reduction achieved in benign nonfunctioning thyroid nodules.
authors: Department of Radiodiagnosis, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector 12, Chandigarh, UT 160012, India.
authors: Naveen
authors: N
authors: Kalra
authors: Department of Radiodiagnosis, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector 12, Chandigarh, UT 160012, India. Electronic address: chiragkahuja@rediffmail.com.
authors: Chirag Kamal
authors: CK
authors: Ahuja
authors: Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector 12, Chandigarh, UT 160012, India.
authors: Pinaki
authors: P
authors: Dutta
authors: Department of Cytopathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector 12, Chandigarh, UT 160012, India.
authors: Arwind
authors: A
authors: Rajwanshi
authors: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector 12, Chandigarh, UT 160012, India.
authors: Bhagwant Rai
authors: BR
authors: Mittal
authors: Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector 12, Chandigarh, UT 160012, India.
authors: Anil
authors: A
authors: Bhansali
authors: Department of Radiodiagnosis, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector 12, Chandigarh, UT 160012, India.
authors: Niranjan
authors: N
authors: Khandelwal
mesh_terms: D055011:Ablation Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D015911:Sclerotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D012981:Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D016606:Thyroid Nodule / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D012597:Sclerosing Solutions; D000431:Ethanol; D012981:Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate