title: The incidence, risk factors and characteristics of pressure ulcers in hospitalized patients in China.
abstract: Pressure ulcers are very common in hospital patients. Though many studies have been reported in many countries, the large-scale benchmarking prevalence of pressure ulcers in China is not available. The aim of this study is to quantify the prevalence of pressure ulcers and the incidence of hospital-acquired pressure ulcers and analyze risk factors in hospitalized patients in China. A multi-central cross-sectional survey was conducted in one university hospital and 11 general hospitals in China. The Minimum Data Set (MDS) recommended by European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (EUPAP) was used to collect information of inpatients. All patients stayed in hospital more than 24 hours and older than 18 years signed consent form and were included. Data from 39952 out of 40415 (98.85%) inpatients were analyzed. Of the 39952 patients, 631 patients (including 1024 locations) had pressure ulcers. The prevalence rate of pressure ulcers in 12 hospitals was 1.58% (0.94-2.97%). The incidence of hospital-acquired pressure ulcers (HAPU) was 0.63% (0.20-1.20%). The most common locations developed pressure ulcers were sacrum, heels, and iliac crests. The common stages of pressure ulcers were stage I and II. Patients in Intensive Care Unit, Geriatric and Neurological Department were easier to develop pressure ulcers. The prevalence and incidence of pressure ulcers in China was lower than that reported in European and other countries. The stages of pressure ulcers in China were different than that reported in European countries. Our study provides with a baseline value for intensive research on pressure ulcer in China.
authors: Wound Care Center, Outpatient Department of Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine Nanjing 210002, China.
authors: Qixia
authors: Q
authors: Jiang
authors: Wound Care Center, Outpatient Department of Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine Nanjing 210002, China.
authors: Xiaohua
authors: X
authors: Li
authors: Wound Care Center, Outpatient Department of Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine Nanjing 210002, China.
authors: Xiaolong
authors: X
authors: Qu
authors: Wound Care Center, Outpatient Department of Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine Nanjing 210002, China.
authors: Yun
authors: Y
authors: Liu
authors: Nursing Department of General Hospital of Armed Police Forces Beijing 100039, China.
authors: Liyan
authors: L
authors: Zhang
authors: Nursing Department of Wuxi People's Hospital Second Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University Wuxi 214002, China.
authors: Chunyin
authors: C
authors: Su
authors: Nursing Department of Nanjing Municipal Hospital of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210001, China.
authors: Xiujun
authors: X
authors: Guo
authors: Department of Nursing, Changshu No.2 People's Hospital Changshu 215500, China.
authors: Yuejuan
authors: Y
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Nursing, The People's Hospital of Jingjiang Jingjiang 214500, China.
authors: Yajun
authors: Y
authors: Zhu
authors: Department of Nursing, Zhenjiang First People's Hospital Zhenjiang 212002, China.
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Jia
authors: Department of Burn, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212001, China.
authors: Suping
authors: S
authors: Bo
authors: Anorectal Department, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210029, China.
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Liu
authors: Nursing Department of General Hospital of Armed Police Forces Beijing 100039, China.
authors: Rui
authors: R
authors: Zhang
authors: Wound Care, Suqian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Suqian 223800, China.
authors: Ling
authors: L
authors: Xu
authors: Department of Burn, Fuzhou Genernal Hospital of Nanjing Military Command Fuzhou 350025, China.
authors: Leyan
authors: L
authors: Wu
authors: Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine Nanjing 210002, China.
authors: Hai
authors: H
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine Nanjing 210002, China.
authors: Jiandong
authors: J
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006769:Hospitals, General; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007297:Inpatients; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D003668:Pressure Ulcer / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: China; Pressure ulcer; cross-sectional survey; prevalence