title: Predicting the risk of venous thromboembolism in patients hospitalized with heart failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Whether heart failure (HF) increases the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is not well established. In the phase III MAGELLAN (Multicenter, rAndomized, parallel Group Efficacy and safety study for the prevention of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized medically iLL patients comparing rivaroxabAN with enoxaparin) trial, extended-duration rivaroxaban was compared with standard-duration enoxaparin followed by placebo for VTE prevention in 8101 hospitalized acutely ill patients with or without HF. The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the relationship between HF severity and the risk of VTE in MAGELLAN patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hospitalized patients diagnosed with HF were included according to New York Heart Association class III or IV at admission (n=2593). HF severity was determined by N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) plasma concentrations (median 1904 pg/mL). Baseline plasma D-dimer concentrations ranged from 0.6 to 1.7 μg/L for the less and more severe HF subgroups. Patients with more severe HF had a greater incidence of VTE versus patients with less severe HF, with a significant trend up to Day 10 (4.3% versus 2.2%; P=0.0108) and Day 35 (7.2% versus 4.1%; P=0.0150). Multivariable analysis confirmed that NT-proBNP concentration was associated with VTE risk up to Day 10 (P=0.017) and D-dimer concentration with VTE risk up to Day 35 (P=0.005). The association between VTE risk and HF severity that was observed in the enoxaparin/placebo group was not seen in the extended-duration rivaroxaban group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with more severe HF, as defined by high NT-proBNP plasma concentration, were at increased risk of VTE. NT-proBNP may be useful to identify high short-term risk, whereas elevated D-dimer may be suggestive of high midterm risk.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00571649.
authors: From Université Paris Diderot, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité and Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Saint Louis Lariboisière University Hospitals, U942 Inserm, Paris, France (A.M.); Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc, Montville, NJ (T.E.S., Y.D.S.); Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (H.R.B.); Janssen Research & Development LLC, Raritan, NJ (L.H.); People's Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China (D.H.); Foothills Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (R.H.); Thomas Jefferson Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA (G.M.); Dresden-Friedrichstadt Hospital, Dresden, Germany (S.W.S.); Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY (A.C.S.); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (V.F.T.); and King's College Hospital, London, UK (A.T.C.). alexandre.mebazaa@lrb.aphp.fr.
authors: Alexandre
authors: A
authors: Mebazaa
authors: From Université Paris Diderot, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité and Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Saint Louis Lariboisière University Hospitals, U942 Inserm, Paris, France (A.M.); Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc, Montville, NJ (T.E.S., Y.D.S.); Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (H.R.B.); Janssen Research & Development LLC, Raritan, NJ (L.H.); People's Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China (D.H.); Foothills Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (R.H.); Thomas Jefferson Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA (G.M.); Dresden-Friedrichstadt Hospital, Dresden, Germany (S.W.S.); Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY (A.C.S.); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (V.F.T.); and King's College Hospital, London, UK (A.T.C.).
authors: Theodore E
authors: TE
authors: Spiro
authors: From Université Paris Diderot, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité and Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Saint Louis Lariboisière University Hospitals, U942 Inserm, Paris, France (A.M.); Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc, Montville, NJ (T.E.S., Y.D.S.); Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (H.R.B.); Janssen Research & Development LLC, Raritan, NJ (L.H.); People's Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China (D.H.); Foothills Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (R.H.); Thomas Jefferson Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA (G.M.); Dresden-Friedrichstadt Hospital, Dresden, Germany (S.W.S.); Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY (A.C.S.); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (V.F.T.); and King's College Hospital, London, UK (A.T.C.).
authors: Harry R
authors: HR
authors: Büller
authors: From Université Paris Diderot, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité and Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Saint Louis Lariboisière University Hospitals, U942 Inserm, Paris, France (A.M.); Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc, Montville, NJ (T.E.S., Y.D.S.); Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (H.R.B.); Janssen Research & Development LLC, Raritan, NJ (L.H.); People's Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China (D.H.); Foothills Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (R.H.); Thomas Jefferson Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA (G.M.); Dresden-Friedrichstadt Hospital, Dresden, Germany (S.W.S.); Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY (A.C.S.); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (V.F.T.); and King's College Hospital, London, UK (A.T.C.).
authors: Lloyd
authors: L
authors: Haskell
authors: From Université Paris Diderot, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité and Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Saint Louis Lariboisière University Hospitals, U942 Inserm, Paris, France (A.M.); Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc, Montville, NJ (T.E.S., Y.D.S.); Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (H.R.B.); Janssen Research & Development LLC, Raritan, NJ (L.H.); People's Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China (D.H.); Foothills Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (R.H.); Thomas Jefferson Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA (G.M.); Dresden-Friedrichstadt Hospital, Dresden, Germany (S.W.S.); Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY (A.C.S.); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (V.F.T.); and King's College Hospital, London, UK (A.T.C.).
authors: Dayi
authors: D
authors: Hu
authors: From Université Paris Diderot, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité and Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Saint Louis Lariboisière University Hospitals, U942 Inserm, Paris, France (A.M.); Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc, Montville, NJ (T.E.S., Y.D.S.); Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (H.R.B.); Janssen Research & Development LLC, Raritan, NJ (L.H.); People's Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China (D.H.); Foothills Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (R.H.); Thomas Jefferson Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA (G.M.); Dresden-Friedrichstadt Hospital, Dresden, Germany (S.W.S.); Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY (A.C.S.); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (V.F.T.); and King's College Hospital, London, UK (A.T.C.).
authors: Russell
authors: R
authors: Hull
authors: From Université Paris Diderot, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité and Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Saint Louis Lariboisière University Hospitals, U942 Inserm, Paris, France (A.M.); Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc, Montville, NJ (T.E.S., Y.D.S.); Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (H.R.B.); Janssen Research & Development LLC, Raritan, NJ (L.H.); People's Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China (D.H.); Foothills Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (R.H.); Thomas Jefferson Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA (G.M.); Dresden-Friedrichstadt Hospital, Dresden, Germany (S.W.S.); Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY (A.C.S.); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (V.F.T.); and King's College Hospital, London, UK (A.T.C.).
authors: Geno
authors: G
authors: Merli
authors: From Université Paris Diderot, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité and Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Saint Louis Lariboisière University Hospitals, U942 Inserm, Paris, France (A.M.); Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc, Montville, NJ (T.E.S., Y.D.S.); Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (H.R.B.); Janssen Research & Development LLC, Raritan, NJ (L.H.); People's Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China (D.H.); Foothills Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (R.H.); Thomas Jefferson Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA (G.M.); Dresden-Friedrichstadt Hospital, Dresden, Germany (S.W.S.); Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY (A.C.S.); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (V.F.T.); and King's College Hospital, London, UK (A.T.C.).
authors: Sebastian W
authors: SW
authors: Schellong
authors: From Université Paris Diderot, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité and Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Saint Louis Lariboisière University Hospitals, U942 Inserm, Paris, France (A.M.); Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc, Montville, NJ (T.E.S., Y.D.S.); Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (H.R.B.); Janssen Research & Development LLC, Raritan, NJ (L.H.); People's Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China (D.H.); Foothills Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (R.H.); Thomas Jefferson Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA (G.M.); Dresden-Friedrichstadt Hospital, Dresden, Germany (S.W.S.); Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY (A.C.S.); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (V.F.T.); and King's College Hospital, London, UK (A.T.C.).
authors: Alex C
authors: AC
authors: Spyropoulos
authors: From Université Paris Diderot, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité and Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Saint Louis Lariboisière University Hospitals, U942 Inserm, Paris, France (A.M.); Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc, Montville, NJ (T.E.S., Y.D.S.); Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (H.R.B.); Janssen Research & Development LLC, Raritan, NJ (L.H.); People's Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China (D.H.); Foothills Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (R.H.); Thomas Jefferson Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA (G.M.); Dresden-Friedrichstadt Hospital, Dresden, Germany (S.W.S.); Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY (A.C.S.); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (V.F.T.); and King's College Hospital, London, UK (A.T.C.).
authors: Victor F
authors: VF
authors: Tapson
authors: From Université Paris Diderot, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité and Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Saint Louis Lariboisière University Hospitals, U942 Inserm, Paris, France (A.M.); Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc, Montville, NJ (T.E.S., Y.D.S.); Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (H.R.B.); Janssen Research & Development LLC, Raritan, NJ (L.H.); People's Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China (D.H.); Foothills Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (R.H.); Thomas Jefferson Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA (G.M.); Dresden-Friedrichstadt Hospital, Dresden, Germany (S.W.S.); Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY (A.C.S.); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (V.F.T.); and King's College Hospital, London, UK (A.T.C.).
authors: Yoriko
authors: Y
authors: De Sanctis
authors: From Université Paris Diderot, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité and Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Saint Louis Lariboisière University Hospitals, U942 Inserm, Paris, France (A.M.); Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc, Montville, NJ (T.E.S., Y.D.S.); Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (H.R.B.); Janssen Research & Development LLC, Raritan, NJ (L.H.); People's Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China (D.H.); Foothills Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (R.H.); Thomas Jefferson Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA (G.M.); Dresden-Friedrichstadt Hospital, Dresden, Germany (S.W.S.); Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY (A.C.S.); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (V.F.T.); and King's College Hospital, London, UK (A.T.C.).
authors: Alexander T
authors: AT
authors: Cohen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D017984:Enoxaparin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D065427:Factor Xa Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000401:mortality; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009025:Morpholines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011322:Primary Prevention; D012307:Risk Factors; D000069552:Rivaroxaban; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D054556:Venous Thromboembolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D017984:Enoxaparin; D065427:Factor Xa Inhibitors; D009025:Morpholines; D013876:Thiophenes; D000069552:Rivaroxaban
keywords: heart failure; natriuretic peptides; thrombosis