title: Three-dimensional simulation, surgical navigation and thoracoscopic lung resection.
abstract: This report describes a 3-dimensional (3-D) video-assisted thoracoscopic lung resection guided by a 3-D video navigation system having a patient-specific 3-D reconstructed pulmonary model obtained by preoperative simulation. A 78-year-old man was found to have a small solitary pulmonary nodule in the left upper lobe in chest computed tomography. By a virtual 3-D pulmonary model the tumor was found to be involved in two subsegments (S1 + 2c and S3a). Complete video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery bi-subsegmentectomy was selected in simulation and was performed with lymph node dissection. A 3-D digital vision system was used for 3-D thoracoscopic performance. Wearing 3-D glasses, the patient's actual reconstructed 3-D model on 3-D liquid-crystal displays was observed, and the 3-D intraoperative field and the picture of 3-D reconstructed pulmonary model were compared.
authors: Department of Surgery I, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan kanzaki@twmu.ac.jp.
authors: Masato
authors: M
authors: Kanzaki
authors: Department of Surgery I, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Takuma
authors: T
authors: Kikkawa
authors: Department of Surgery I, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Kei
authors: K
authors: Sakamoto
authors: Department of Surgery I, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Hideyuki
authors: H
authors: Maeda
authors: Department of Surgery I, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Naoko
authors: N
authors: Wachi
authors: Department of Surgery I, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Komine
authors: Department of Surgery I, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Kunihiro
authors: K
authors: Oyama
authors: Department of Surgery I, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Masahide
authors: M
authors: Murasugi
authors: Department of Surgery I, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Takamasa
authors: T
authors: Onuki