title: Factors affecting peri-implant bone loss: a post-five-year retrospective study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although peri-implant bone loss is one of the parameters included in the criteria for determining implant success, its prevention is of vital importance. The goal of this article is to assess the factors that affect peri-implant bone loss.
  
  
  METHODS
  An observational, longitudinal, retrospective study was conducted in 148 partially edentulous patients rehabilitated with implants and with a follow-up period of 5 years or more. A total of 585 implants were included in the study. Radiographic peri-implant bone loss was compared with radiographic periodontal bone loss, and other characteristics such as prosthesis design, hygiene, and implant size were studied as potential peri-implant bone loss modification factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the univariate analysis, a statistically significant relationship between peri-implant bone loss and gender (P < 0.05), implant system (P < 0.01), reason for extraction (P < 0.05), splinting (P < 0.0001), and distance between the implant platform and the horizontal component of the prosthesis (P < 0.0001) were observed. In multivariate analysis, the relationship between this peri-implant loss and gender (P < 0.05), implant system (P < 0.05), splinting (P < 0.001), and the aforementioned distance (P < 0.01) remains.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The distance implant platform-horizontal component of the prosthesis has the greatest effect on peri-implant bone loss This distance must be >3.3 mm and <6 mm, above this range, it no longer influences in peri-implant bone loss and favors the appearance of embrasures and the buildup of bacterial plaque.
authors: Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors: Rocío
authors: R
authors: Vázquez Álvarez
authors: Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors: Mario
authors: M
authors: Pérez Sayáns
authors: Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.|Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors: Pilar
authors: P
authors: Gayoso Diz
authors: Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors: Abel
authors: A
authors: García García
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001862:Bone Resorption; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009066:Mouth, Edentulous / Q000628:therapy; D011861:Radiography, Dental; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: abutment; bone loss; dental implants; periodontitis; risk factors