title: Food pattern, lifestyle and diabetes mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prevalence of Type 2 diabetes is increasing rapidly worldwide. Recent data is reprehensive of increasing diabetes prevalence from 285 millions in 2010 (6.4%) to 439 millions in 2030 in adults aged 20 to 79 in different countries. Lifestyle and particularly dietary habits play an important role in the development of diabetes. Additionally, specific individual food groups and diet components such as monounsaturated fatty acids, fruits, vegetables, whole grain cereals, dietary fiber, fish, magnesium and nuts may protect against the development of diabetes, possibly through the amelioration of insulin sensitivity and its anti-inflammatory actions, while consumption of red and processed meats and saturated fat may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In this section, we studied dietary and other factors related to the effect of lifestyle in type 2 diabetes. These factors may affect the incidence of type 2 diabetes which could be corrected by lifestyle modifications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Unfortunately, dietary habits in the developed and developing countries are changing towards an unhealthier direction. Consequently, emphasis should be given on encouraging at population and individual levels for adopting a healthier lifestyle, including dietary habits, to prevent the development of type 2 diabetes. Here we reviewed epidemiologic and clinical trial evidence regarding nutrients, foods and dietary patterns to diabetes risk and involved possible mechanisms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Type 2 diabetes is increasingly growing in young population of developing countries, which causes a large burden on individuals and the society.
authors: Department of Nutrition, Nutrition Faculty, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors: Sara
authors: S
authors: Rahati
authors: Department of Nutrition, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran ; Children and Adolescent Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran.
authors: Mansour
authors: M
authors: Shahraki
authors: Department of Nutrition, Nutrition Faculty, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors: Golnaz
authors: G
authors: Arjomand
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran ; Children and Adolescent Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran.
authors: Touran
authors: T
authors: Shahraki
keywords: Clinical Trial; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Epidemiologic Studies; Food Handling; Life Style