title: Humoral and haemocytic responses of Litopenaeus vannamei to Cd exposure.
abstract: White shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, subadults were exposed to four dilutions of the 96 h cadmium LC50 reported for postlarvae (PL12) of this species, and the effects were evaluated after 5, 48, and 96 h of exposure. While treatments did not affect survival and hemolymph clotting time increased with time, but not as a response to Cd exposure, the intensity of other responses was related to concentration, to time of exposure, and to their interaction. Hemocyanin decreased with time in all metal concentrations but increased in the control treatment, and an almost similar trend was observed with hemocyte numbers. As an initial response, phenoloxidase activity decreased with all metal concentrations, but it increased later to values similar or higher than the control treatment.
authors: Programa Regional del Posgrado en Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, 80000 Culiacán, Mexico ; Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Boulevard Tepic-Xalisco S/N, 63000 Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico.
authors: Juan C
authors: JC
authors: Bautista-Covarrubias
authors: Laboratorio de Estudios Ambientales, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, AP 1132, 82000 Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
authors: Germán J
authors: GJ
authors: Velarde-Montes
authors: Laboratorio UAS-CIBNOR, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, P.O. Box 1132, 82000 Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
authors: Domenico
authors: 0000-0003-2226-822X
authors: D
authors: Voltolina
authors: Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Unidad Mazatlán, Avenida Sábalo-Cerritos S/N, 82010 Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
authors: Luz M
authors: LM
authors: García-de la Parra
authors: Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, P.O. Box 811, 82000 Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
authors: Martín F
authors: MF
authors: Soto-Jiménez
authors: Laboratorio de Estudios Ambientales, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, AP 1132, 82000 Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
authors: Martín G
authors: MG
authors: Frías-Espericueta
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006433:Hemocyanins / Q000378:metabolism; D006434:Hemocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006458:Hemolymph / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000378:metabolism; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002104:Cadmium; D006433:Hemocyanins; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase