title: Unique venocaval anomalies: case of duplicate superior vena cava and interrupted inferior vena cava.
abstract: Venocaval anomalies are uncommon in the general population and often go unrecognized, but physicians should be aware of their significance. Duplicate superior vena cava should be identified during cardiac imaging, surgery, and catheter insertions. While interrupted inferior vena cava can predispose to thrombus formation, they protect against pulmonary embolism from lower extremity deep vein thrombosis. We describe a unique case of a patient in which combined superior vena cava and inferior vena cava anomalies were found incidentally. This is the first reported case of a duplicate superior vena cava and interrupted inferior vena cava in a single patient in English literature. This article also provides a literature review on the topic.
authors: Department of Surgery, Easton Hospital and Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors: Iris
authors: I
authors: Hagans
authors: Department of Surgery, Easton Hospital and Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors: Alexey
authors: A
authors: Markelov
authors: Department of Surgery, Easton Hospital and Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors: Manthan
authors: M
authors: Makadia
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D033162:Incidental Findings; D007601:Jugular Veins / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013479:Superior Vena Cava Syndrome / Q000473:pathology*; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000473:pathology*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000002:abnormalities*
keywords: Venocaval anomaly; duplicate SVC; interrupted IVC; vena cava embryology