title: Highly selective electrocoagulation therapy: an innovative treatment for lymphangioma circumscriptum.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lymphangioma circumscriptum (LC) is a type of microcystic lymphatic malformation involving the skin and mucosa that presents as translucent vesicles of varying size with a pink, red, or black hue. Lymphangioma circumscriptum causes not only cosmetic problems but also refractory rupture, infection, lymphorrhea, and bleeding. Various invasive methods, such as surgical excision, lasers, and sclerotherapy, have been used in the past to treat LC with varying success. Herein, we report a new treatment for the management of LC.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study reports the outcomes of 12 patients (aged 4-31 years) with LC treated by electrocoagulation using a special isolated needle. Patient demographics, lesion characteristics, radiologic findings, treatment course, and clinical responses are recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 12 patients who were treated with the highly selective electrocoagulation therapy achieved near-complete clearance. Minimal intra- and postoperative sequelae were observed. The local complications included mild pain (n = 9), proliferous scarring (n = 1), and ulceration (n = 1) with no systemic side effects. The mean follow-up period was 8.25 months (3-14 months).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Highly selective electrocoagulation therapy is an innovative, minimally invasive technique that seems to be safe and effective for the treatment of LC; the results from our limited study population seem promising, and the observed complications are acceptable.
authors: *Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; †Special Department of Hemangioma, Hospital of PLA General Political Department, Beijing, China.
authors: Xi
authors: X
authors: Yang
authors: Yunbo
authors: Y
authors: Jin
authors: Hui
authors: H
authors: Chen
authors: Suolan
authors: S
authors: Li
authors: Gang
authors: G
authors: Ma
authors: Xiaojie
authors: X
authors: Hu
authors: Yajing
authors: Y
authors: Qiu
authors: Wenxin
authors: W
authors: Yu
authors: Lei
authors: L
authors: Chang
authors: Tianyou
authors: T
authors: Wang
authors: Xiaoxi
authors: X
authors: Lin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000209:etiology; D004564:Electrocoagulation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008202:Lymphangioma / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000209:etiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D012883:Skin Ulcer / Q000209:etiology; D055815:Young Adult