title: Overlapping networks engaged during spoken language production and its cognitive control.
abstract: Spoken language production is a complex brain function that relies on large-scale networks. These include domain-specific networks that mediate language-specific processes, as well as domain-general networks mediating top-down and bottom-up attentional control. Language control is thought to involve a left-lateralized fronto-temporal-parietal (FTP) system. However, these regions do not always activate for language tasks and similar regions have been implicated in nonlinguistic cognitive processes. These inconsistent findings suggest that either the left FTP is involved in multidomain cognitive control or that there are multiple spatially overlapping FTP systems. We present evidence from an fMRI study using multivariate analysis to identify spatiotemporal networks involved in spoken language production in humans. We compared spoken language production (Speech) with multiple baselines, counting (Count), nonverbal decision (Decision), and "rest," to pull apart the multiple partially overlapping networks that are involved in speech production. A left-lateralized FTP network was activated during Speech and deactivated during Count and nonverbal Decision trials, implicating it in cognitive control specific to sentential spoken language production. A mirror right-lateralized FTP network was activated in the Count and Decision trials, but not Speech. Importantly, a second overlapping left FTP network showed relative deactivation in Speech. These three networks, with distinct time courses, overlapped in the left parietal lobe. Contrary to the standard model of the left FTP as being dominant for speech, we revealed a more complex pattern within the left FTP, including at least two left FTP networks with competing functional roles, only one of which was activated in speech production.
authors: Computational Cognitive and Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom, and fatemeh.geranmayeh00@imperial.ac.uk.
authors: Fatemeh
authors: F
authors: Geranmayeh
authors: Computational Cognitive and Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom, and.
authors: Richard J S
authors: RJ
authors: Wise
authors: Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service Trust, London W6 8RF, United Kingdom.
authors: Amrish
authors: A
authors: Mehta
authors: Computational Cognitive and Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom, and.
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Leech
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D059907:Functional Neuroimaging; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000502:physiology*; D013060:Speech / Q000502:physiology*; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology
keywords: frontal; functional magnetic resonance imaging; networks; parietal; speech production; systems