title: Stem cells in neurology--current perspectives.
abstract: Central nervous system (CNS) restoration is an important clinical challenge and stem cell transplantation has been considered a promising therapeutic option for many neurological diseases.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present review aims to briefly describe stem cell biology, as well as to outline the clinical application of stem cells in the treatment of diseases of the CNS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Literature review of animal and human clinical experimental trials, using the following key words: "stem cell", "neurogenesis", "Parkinson", "Huntington", "amyotrophic lateral sclerosis", "traumatic brain injury", "spinal cord injury", "ischemic stroke", and "demyelinating diseases".
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Major recent advances in stem cell research have brought us several steps closer to their effective clinical application, which aims to develop efficient ways of regenerating the damaged CNS.
authors: Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Chary Ely Marquez
authors: CE
authors: Batista
authors: Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Eric Domingos
authors: ED
authors: Mariano
authors: Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Suely Kazue Nagahashi
authors: SK
authors: Marie
authors: Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Manoel Jacobsen
authors: MJ
authors: Teixeira
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Eberhard-Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany.
authors: Matthias
authors: M
authors: Morgalla
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Eberhard-Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany.
authors: Marcos
authors: M
authors: Tatagiba
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Eberhard-Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany.
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Li
authors: Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Guilherme
authors: G
authors: Lepski
mesh_terms: D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D009416:Nerve Regeneration; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*