title: Phytoremediation and bioremediation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs): state of knowledge and research perspectives.
abstract: This review summarizes the bioremediation and phytoremediation technologies proposed so far to detoxify PCB-contaminated sites. A critical analysis about the potential and limits of the PCB pollution treatment strategies by means of plants, fungi and bacteria are elucidated, including the new insights emerged from recent studies on the rhizosphere potential and on the implementation of simultaneous aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation processes. The review describes the biodegradation and phytoremediation processes and elaborates on the environmental variables affecting contaminant degradation rates, summarizing the amendments recommended to enhance PCB degradation. Additionally, issues connected with PCB toxicology, actual field remediation strategies and economical evaluation are discussed.
authors: Institute of Agro-environment and Forest Biology (IBAF), National Research Council (CNR), Via Salaria Km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo (Rome), Italy; Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Via S. Camillo de Lellis snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
authors: Laura
authors: L
authors: Passatore
authors: Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), Via Salaria Km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo (Rome), Italy.
authors: Simona
authors: S
authors: Rossetti
authors: Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, India.
authors: Asha A
authors: AA
authors: Juwarkar
authors: Institute of Agro-environment and Forest Biology (IBAF), National Research Council (CNR), Via Salaria Km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo (Rome), Italy. Electronic address: angelo.massacci@ibaf.cnr.it.
authors: Angelo
authors: A
authors: Massacci
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D005658:Fungi / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D010944:Plants / Q000378:metabolism; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D012989:Soil Pollutants; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls
keywords: Biodegradation; Bioremediation; PCB; Phytoremediation; Polychlorinated biphenyls