title: Gastrointestinal hormones and weight loss response after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mechanisms underlying variable weight loss (WL) response after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) are poorly understood. The objective of this study was to compare gastrointestinal hormonal responses to meal intake, and fasting plasma concentrations of surrogate markers of enterocyte mass and bile acid effect between patients with failed (F-WL) or successful WL (S-WL) after RYGB.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study including 30 nondiabetic patients, evaluated at≥24 months after RYGB. Cases (F-WL; n = 10) and controls (S-WL; n = 20) were selected based on percent of excess WL (%EWL)<50% or≥50% from 12 months onwards after surgery. Groups were matched for gender, age, presurgical BMI, and length of follow up. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), GLP-2, and ghrelin responses to a meal challenge, and fasting plasma concentrations of citrulline and serum fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF-19) were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  F-WL patients presented lesser suppression of ghrelin (incremental area under the curve [iAUC]: F-WL -12490±6530 versus S-WL -31196±4536 pg×mL(-1)×min; P<.01), and lesser increase in the GLP-1 (iAUC: F-WL 3354±737 versus S-WL 5629±542 pmol×L(-1)×min; P = .02) but not in the PYY and GLP-2, response to meal intake. Citrulline concentrations were significantly correlated with time after surgery (rho = .537; P<.01). However, citrulline was higher in S-WL compared to F-WL patients (P<.05). Serum FGF-19 concentration was similar between groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although limited by the cross-sectional design, our data suggest a role of some gastrointestinal hormones as mediators of successful weight loss but argues against larger enterocyte mass after BS as determinant of failed weight loss after RYGB.
authors: Obesity Unit, Hospital Clinic Universitari, Barcelona, Spain.
authors: Ana
authors: A
authors: de Hollanda
authors: Obesity Unit, Hospital Clinic Universitari, Barcelona, Spain.
authors: Amanda
authors: A
authors: Jiménez
authors: Obesity Unit, Hospital Clinic Universitari, Barcelona, Spain.
authors: Ricard
authors: R
authors: Corcelles
authors: Obesity Unit, Hospital Clinic Universitari, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS) Barcelona, Spain.
authors: Antonio M
authors: AM
authors: Lacy
authors: Obesity Unit, Hospital Clinic Universitari, Barcelona, Spain.
authors: Ioana
authors: I
authors: Patrascioiu
authors: Obesity Unit, Hospital Clinic Universitari, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS) Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: jovidal@clinic.ub.es.
authors: Josep
authors: J
authors: Vidal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005502:Food; D015390:Gastric Bypass / Q000379:methods*; D005768:Gastrointestinal Hormones / Q000378:metabolism*; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000378:metabolism; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D053767:Glucagon-Like Peptide 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000097:blood / Q000601:surgery; D019894:Peptide YY / Q000378:metabolism; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D005768:Gastrointestinal Hormones; D054439:Ghrelin; D053767:Glucagon-Like Peptide 2; D019894:Peptide YY; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
keywords: Bariatric surgery; Citrulline; FGF-19; GLP-1; Gastric bypass; Ghrelin; Metabolic surgery; PYY; Weight loss