title: The use of Au@SiO2 shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for human breast cancer detection.
abstract: This study uses the powerful fingerprint features of Raman spectroscopy to distinguish different types of breast tissues including normal breast tissues (NB), fibroadenoma (FD), atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Thin frozen tissue sections of fresh breast tissues were measured by Raman spectroscopy. Due to the inherent low sensitivity of Raman spectra, Au@SiO2 shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SHINERS) technique was utilized to provide supplementary and more informative spectral features. A total of 619 Raman spectra were acquired and compared to 654 SHINERS spectra. The maximum enhancement effect of distinct and specific bands was characterized for different tissue types. When applying the new criteria, excellent separation of FD, DCIS, and IDC was obtained for all tissue types. Most importantly, we were able to distinguish ADH from DCIS. Although only a preliminary distinction was characterized between ADH and NB, the results provided a good foundation of criteria to further discriminate ADH from NB and shed more light toward a better understanding of the mechanism of ADH formation. This is the first report to detect the premalignant (ADH and DCIS) breast tissue frozen sections and also the first report exploiting SHINERS to detect and distinguish breast tissues. The results presented in this study show that SHINERS can be applied to accurately and efficiently identify breast lesions. Further, the spectra can be acquired in a minimally invasive procedure and analyzed rapidly facilitating early and accurate diagnosis in vivo/in situ.
authors: Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
authors: Chao
authors: C
authors: Zheng
authors: Lijia
authors: L
authors: Liang
authors: Shuping
authors: S
authors: Xu
authors: Haipeng
authors: H
authors: Zhang
authors: Chengxu
authors: C
authors: Hu
authors: Lirong
authors: L
authors: Bi
authors: Zhimin
authors: Z
authors: Fan
authors: Bing
authors: B
authors: Han
authors: Weiqing
authors: W
authors: Xu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001940:Breast / Q000473:pathology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology*; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D002285:Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D018226:Fibroadenoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008875:Middle Aged; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D019207:beta Carotene; D006046:Gold; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D004247:DNA