title: Microleakage at enamel and dentin margins with a bulk fills flowable resin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the marginal sealing ability of a bulk fill flowable resin composite on both enamel and dentin substrates.
  
  
  METHODS
  48 non-carious molars were selected and four Class-V cavities were prepared at the CEJ of each sample. Cavities were filled with Venus Diamond (Heraeus Kulzer); Venus Diamond Flow (Heraeus Kulzer) and Surefil SDR (Dentsply). Samples were divided into two groups: First group samples were immersed in a methylene blue solution for 30 min at 25°C. Second group samples were artificially aged and then treated with methylene blue. Samples were sectioned in the center of the restoration and observed with a 40x stereomicroscope, and the percentage of cavity infiltration was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results were analyzed statistically by ANOVA (P < 0.05). The amount of infiltration was significantly lower for the enamel substrate compared with dentin (P = 0.0001) and in samples immediately immersed in methylene blue compared with those that were artificially aged (P = 0.011). The interaction between the composite material and the marginal substrate significantly affected dye penetration (P = 0.006).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bulk fill flowable resins provided significantly better marginal seal in dentin, both before and after artificial ageing. Nanohybrid resin composites and bulk fill flowable resins showed similar microleakage values at enamel margins. Bulk fills flowable resins provided significantly better marginal seal in dentin, both before and after artificial ageing. Nanohybrid resin composites and bulk fill flowable resins showed similar microleakage values at enamel margins.
authors: Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin Dental School, Via Nizza 230, 10126 Turin, Italy.
authors: Nicola
authors: N
authors: Scotti
authors: Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin Dental School, Via Nizza 230, 10126 Turin, Italy.
authors: Allegra
authors: A
authors: Comba
authors: Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin Dental School, Via Nizza 230, 10126 Turin, Italy.
authors: Alberto
authors: A
authors: Gambino
authors: Department of Mechanics, Politecnico di Torino, C.So Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy.
authors: Davide Salvatore
authors: DS
authors: Paolino
authors: Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin Dental School, Via Nizza 230, 10126 Turin, Italy.
authors: Mario
authors: M
authors: Alovisi
authors: Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin Dental School, Via Nizza 230, 10126 Turin, Italy.
authors: Damiano
authors: D
authors: Pasqualini
authors: Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin Dental School, Via Nizza 230, 10126 Turin, Italy.
authors: Elio
authors: E
authors: Berutti
keywords: Artificial aging; bulk fill; dentin; enamel; microleakage