title: Hydrogen sulfide ameliorates ischemia/reperfusion-induced hepatitis by inhibiting apoptosis and autophagy pathways.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is an important clinical problem, and its consequences can seriously threaten human health. Apoptosis and autophagy have been shown to contribute to cell death in hepatic I/R injury. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is the third most common endogenously produced gaseous signaling molecule and is known to exert a protective effect against hepatic I/R injury. In this study, the purpose is to explore both the effect and mechanism of H2S on hepatic I/R injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Balb/c mice were randomized into Sham, I/R, or two doses (14 μmol/kg and 28 μmol/kg) of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS, an H2S donor) preconditioning groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  NaHS significantly reduced the levels of TNF- α and IL-6 at 12 h and 24 h after injection compared with ischemia/reperfusion challenge alone. The expression of Bcl-2, Bax, Beclin-1, and LC3, which play important roles in the regulation of the apoptosis and autophagy pathways, was also clearly affected by NaHS. Furthermore, NaHS affected the p-JNK1, p-ERK1, and p-p38.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that H2S attenuates hepatic I/R injury, at least in part, by regulating apoptosis through inhibiting JNK1 signaling. The autophagy agonist rapamycin potentiated this hepatoprotective effect by reversing the inhibition of autophagy by H2S.
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.
authors: Ping
authors: P
authors: Cheng
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.
authors: Fan
authors: F
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.
authors: Kan
authors: K
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.
authors: Miao
authors: M
authors: Shen
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.
authors: Weiqi
authors: W
authors: Dai
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China ; Department of Gastroenterology, The Tongren Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200050, China.
authors: Ling
authors: L
authors: Xu
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.
authors: Chengfen
authors: C
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.
authors: Jingjing
authors: J
authors: Li
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China ; Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College of the Tenth People's Hospital of Nangjing Medical University, Shanghai 200072, China.
authors: Rong
authors: R
authors: Zhu
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China ; Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
authors: Huawei
authors: H
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.
authors: Yuanyuan
authors: Y
authors: Zheng
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Lu
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.
authors: Yingqun
authors: Y
authors: Zhou
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.
authors: Chuanyong
authors: C
authors: Guo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D001343:Autophagy; D000071186:Beclin-1; D006505:Hepatitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000473:pathology*; D013440:Sulfides / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; C494827:Bax protein, mouse; D000071186:Beclin-1; C115010:Becn1 protein, mouse; D015850:Interleukin-6; C480860:Map1lc3b protein, mouse; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D013440:Sulfides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; C025451:sodium bisulfide; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide