title: Ultrasensitive detection and identification of BRAF V600 mutations in fresh frozen, FFPE, and plasma samples of melanoma patients by E-ice-COLD-PCR.
abstract: A number of molecular diagnostic methods have been developed for the detection and identification of mutations in tumor samples, which are important for the choice of treatment in the context of personalized medicine. For the treatment of metastatic melanoma, Vemurafenib is recommended for patients with BRAF V600 activating mutations. However, the different assays developed to date for the detection of these mutations lack sensitivity or specificity or do not allow a sequencing-based identification or validation of the mutation. Recently, enhanced improved and complete enrichment co-amplification at lower denaturation temperature-polymerase chain reaction (E-ice-COLD-PCR) has been developed as a sensitive method for the detection and identification of mutations in KRAS codons 12/13. Here, we present the first E-ice-COLD-PCR assay for the detection and identification of BRAF codon 600 mutations, which has a large dynamic range, as 25 pg to 25 ng can be used as DNA input without any reduction in mutation enrichment efficiency, and which can detect down to 0.01 % of mutated alleles in a wild-type background. The assay has been validated on fresh frozen, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE), and plasma samples of melanoma patients and has allowed the detection and identification of BRAF mutations present in samples appearing as wild type using standard pyrosequencing, endpoint genotyping, or Sanger sequencing. Thus, the BRAF V600 E-ice-COLD-PCR assay is currently one of the most powerful molecular diagnostic tools for the ultrasensitive detection and identification of BRAF codon 600 mutations.
authors: Laboratory for Functional Genomics, Fondation Jean Dausset - CEPH, 75010, Paris, France.
authors: Alexandre
authors: A
authors: How-Kit
authors: Céleste
authors: C
authors: Lebbé
authors: Aurélie
authors: A
authors: Bousard
authors: Antoine
authors: A
authors: Daunay
authors: Nicolas
authors: N
authors: Mazaleyrat
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Daviaud
authors: Samia
authors: S
authors: Mourah
authors: Jörg
authors: J
authors: Tost
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003062:Codon; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D011905:Genes, ras / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000737:chemistry; D008545:Melanoma / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics*; D009154:Mutation; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / Q000235:genetics*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000737:chemistry; D000077484:Vemurafenib
chemical_list: D003062:Codon; D017931:DNA Primers; D007211:Indoles; D013449:Sulfonamides; D000077484:Vemurafenib; C482119:BRAF protein, human; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf