title: Comparison of intervertebral disc displacements measured under applied loading with MRI at 3.0 T and 9.4 T.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare displacement behavior of cyclically loaded cadaveric human intervertebral discs as measured noninvasively on a clinical 3.0 T and a research 9.4 T MRI system. Intervertebral discs were cyclically compressed at physiologically relevant levels with the same MRI-compatible loading device in the clinical and research systems. Displacement-encoded imaging was synchronized to cyclic loading to measure displacements under applied loading with MRI (dual MRI). Displacements from the two systems were compared individually using linear regression and, across all specimens, using Bland-Altman analysis. In-plane displacement patterns measured at 3.0 T and 9.4 T were qualitatively comparable and well correlated. Bland-Altman analyses showed that over 90% of displacement values within the intervertebral disc regions of interest lay within the limits of agreement. Measurement of displacement using dual MRI using a 3.0 T clinical system is comparable to that of a 9.4 T research system. Additional refinements of software, technique implementation, and image processing have potential to improve agreement between different MRI systems. Despite differences in MRI systems in this initial implementation, this work demonstrates that dual MRI can be reliably implemented at multiple magnetic field strengths, permitting translation of dual MRI for a variety of applications in the study of tissue and biomaterial biomechanics.
authors: Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
authors: Deva D
authors: DD
authors: Chan
authors: Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
authors: Paull C
authors: PC
authors: Gossett
authors: School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
authors: Kent D
authors: KD
authors: Butz
authors: Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
authors: Eric A
authors: EA
authors: Nauman
authors: Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA. Electronic address: cpneu@purdue.edu.
authors: Corey P
authors: CP
authors: Neu
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002102:Cadaver; D019245:Compressive Strength; D054459:Elasticity Imaging Techniques; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007403:Intervertebral Disc / Q000502:physiology*; D007405:Intervertebral Disc Displacement / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000503:physiopathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D013314:Stress, Mechanical
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials
keywords: Biomechanics; Clinical MRI; Displacement-encoded imaging; Elastography; High-field MRI