title: Unconscious vision and executive control: how unconscious processing and conscious action control interact.
abstract: Research on unconscious or unaware vision has demonstrated that unconscious processing can be flexibly adapted to the current goals of human agents. The present review focuses on one area of research, masked visual priming. This method uses visual stimuli presented in a temporal sequence to lower the visibility of one of these stimuli. In this way, a stimulus can be masked and even rendered invisible. Despite its invisibility, a masked stimulus if used as a prime can influence a variety of executive functions, such as response activation, semantic processing, or attention shifting. There are also limitations on the processing of masked primes. While masked priming research demonstrates the top-down dependent usage of unconscious vision during task-set execution it also highlights that the set-up of a new task-set depends on conscious vision as its input. This basic distinction captures a major qualitative difference between conscious and unconscious vision.
authors: Fakultät für Psychologie, Universität Wien, Austria; Institut für Kognitionswissenschaften, Universität Osnabrück, Germany. Electronic address: ulrich.ansorge@univie.ac.at.
authors: Ulrich
authors: U
authors: Ansorge
authors: Abteilung für Psychologie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany.
authors: Wilfried
authors: W
authors: Kunde
authors: Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie III, Universität Ulm, Germany.
authors: Markus
authors: M
authors: Kiefer
mesh_terms: D003243:Consciousness / Q000502:physiology*; D056344:Executive Function / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D010470:Perceptual Masking / Q000502:physiology*; D014473:Unconscious, Psychology; D014785:Vision, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Executive functions; Masked priming; Subliminal priming