title: Measurements of (234)U and (238)U in hair, urine, and drinking water among drilled bedrock well water users for the evaluation of hair as a biomonitor of uranium intake.
abstract: Hair is evaluated and compared with urine as a biomonitor for human intake of uranium. Concentrations of U and U and the activity ratio between them are measured in the hair, urine, and drinking water of 24 drilled bedrock well water users in Östergötland, Sweden. The samples are measured with α-spectrometry after radiochemical preparation using liquid-liquid separation with tributylphosphate. The results show that there is a stronger correlation between the uranium concentrations in the drinking water of each subject and the hair of the subject (r = 0.50) than with the urine (r = 0.21). There is also a stronger correlation between the activity ratios of water and hair (r = 0.91) than between water and urine (r = 0.56). These results imply that hair may serve as a robust indicator of chronic uranium intake. One obvious advantage over sampling urine is that hair samples reflect a much longer excretion period: weeks compared to days. The absorbed fraction of uranium, the f value, is calculated as the ratio between the excreted amount of uranium in urine and hair per day and the daily drinking water intake of uranium. The f values stretch from 0.002 to 0.10 with a median of 0.023.
authors: *Radiation Physics, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping SE 581 85, Sweden; †Radiation Physics, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Department of Radiation Physics, Center for Surgery, Orthopaedics and Cancer Treatment, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping, SE 581 85, Sweden.
authors: Axel
authors: A
authors: Israelsson
authors: Håkan
authors: H
authors: Pettersson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D014501:Uranium / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000652:urine; D014875:Water Pollutants, Radioactive / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000652:urine; D014881:Water Supply / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D060766:Drinking Water; D014875:Water Pollutants, Radioactive; D014501:Uranium