title: Characterization of pulp and follicle stem cells from impacted supernumerary maxillary incisors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to characterize dental pulp and dental follicle stem/progenitor cells (DPSCs and DFSCs) from the same impacted supernumerary maxillary incisors (ISMIs).
  
  
  METHODS
  DPSCs and DFSCs were obtained from ISMIs of healthy children (six to 12 years old) by the outgrowth culture method and were compared for proliferation, colony-forming capacity, gene expression, cell surface markers, and trilineage differentiation capacity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The volume of follicle tissue obtained was much larger than that for pulp tissue. DPSCs and DFSCs showed fibroblast-like morphology, expressed the stem cell-associated genes, OCT4 and NANOG, and were positive for CD146, CD90, and CD105 but negative for CD45. The cell proliferation rate and colony-forming capacity of DFSCs were significantly higher than those for DPSCs. Under inductive culture conditions, DPSCs and DFSCs differentiated into osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic lineage cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrated that dental pulp and dental follicle stem/progenitor cells have similar mesenchymal stem cell characteristics, but DFSCs are easily accessible for cell culture and have a higher proliferation capacity than DPSCs. It also appears that dental follicle stem/progenitor cells might have some advantages as a stem cell resource for regenerative medicine.
authors: Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Kaori
authors: K
authors: Shoi
authors: Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Kazuhiro
authors: K
authors: Aoki
authors: Department of Bio-matrix, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Keiichi
authors: K
authors: Ohya
authors: Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Yuzo
authors: Y
authors: Takagi
authors: Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. h.shimokawa.hpha@tmd.ac.jp.
authors: Hitoyata
authors: H
authors: Shimokawa
mesh_terms: D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D051929:CD146 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D019070:Cell Lineage; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002648:Child; D020219:Chondrogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D003114:Colony-Forming Units Assay; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology*; D003795:Dental Sac / Q000166:cytology*; D000071063:Endoglin; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology; D015870:Gene Expression; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000473:pathology*; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D000071317:Nanog Homeobox Protein; D050814:Octamer Transcription Factor-3 / Q000032:analysis; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000032:analysis; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D018800:Thy-1 Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D014095:Tooth, Impacted / Q000473:pathology*; D014096:Tooth, Supernumerary / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D051929:CD146 Antigen; C064206:ENG protein, human; D000071063:Endoglin; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C497902:MCAM protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C486780:NANOG protein, human; D000071317:Nanog Homeobox Protein; D050814:Octamer Transcription Factor-3; C494173:POU5F1 protein, human; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D018800:Thy-1 Antigens; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens; C516769:PTPRC protein, human