title: Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) increases apoptosis, represses growth of cancer cells, and enhances adenovirus-mediated oncolysis.
abstract: Epidemiological studies suggest that high intake of cruciferous vegetables is associated with a lower risk of cancer. Experiments have shown that indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a naturally occurring compound derived from cruciferous vegetables, exhibits potent anticarcinogenic properties in a wide range of cancers. In this study, we showed that higher doses of I3C (≥400 μM) induced apoptotic cancer cell death and lower doses of I3C (≤200 μM) repressed cancer cell growth concurrently with suppressed expression of cyclin E and its partner CDK2. Notably, we found that pretreatment with low doses of I3C enhanced Ad-mediated oncolysis and cytotoxicity of human carcinoma cells by synergistic upregulation of apoptosis. Thus, the vegetable compound I3C as a dietary supplement may benefit cancer prevention and improve Ad oncolytic therapies.
authors: Department of Surgery; University of Louisville School of Medicine; Louisville, KY USA.
authors: Lan
authors: L
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; University of Louisville School of Medicine; Louisville, KY USA.
authors: Pei-Hsin
authors: PH
authors: Cheng
authors: James Graham Brown Cancer Center; University of Louisville School of Medicine; Louisville, KY USA.
authors: Xiao-Mei
authors: XM
authors: Rao
authors: Department of Surgery; University of Louisville School of Medicine; Louisville, KY USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; University of Louisville School of Medicine; Louisville, KY USA; James Graham Brown Cancer Center; University of Louisville School of Medicine; Louisville, KY USA.
authors: Kelly M
authors: KM
authors: McMasters
authors: Department of Surgery; University of Louisville School of Medicine; Louisville, KY USA; James Graham Brown Cancer Center; University of Louisville School of Medicine; Louisville, KY USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology; University of Louisville School of Medicine; Louisville, KY USA.
authors: Heshan Sam
authors: HS
authors: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D019927:Cyclin E / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051357:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050504:Oncolytic Viruses; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D019927:Cyclin E; D007211:Indoles; C016517:indole-3-carbinol; C495894:CDK2 protein, human; D051357:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2
keywords: I3C; adenovirus; cancer; cancer prevention; cyclin E; oncolysis; virotherapy