title: Laboratory and field assessment of cyantraniliprole relative to existing fly baits.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Toxic fly baits are commonly used for fly control in California animal operations. However, resistance development has been a problem. Comprehensive laboratory and field studies were conducted to test commercial baits (imidacloprid, methomyl, dinotefuran, spinosad) and one novel cyantraniliprole bait. A susceptible Musca domestica strain was compared with wild-type M. domestica and Fannia canicularis strains in the laboratory using choice/no-choice tests. Field visitation to baits and both short- and longer-term mortality were documented.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Susceptible Musca suffered high mortality with all baits after 3 days of choice and no-choice tests. Wild-type Musca mortality was more variable and higher in no-choice relative to choice tests. Fannia were most susceptible to spinosad > dinotefuran = cyantraniliprole > methomyl = imidacloprid. Field Musca were most attracted to spinosad > cyantraniliprole > dinotefuran > sugar > methomyl > imidacloprid. Delayed mortality from bait-fed field flies (captured and held with untreated food and water for 3 days) was ranked spinosad = cyantraniliprole > dinotefuran = methomyl > imidacloprid > sugar.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Behavioral resistance of M. domestica to imidacloprid and methomyl persists. Spinosad and cyantraniliprole baits (delayed mortality) performed best. Speed of action may be a factor in use and misuse of baits.
authors: Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.
authors: Amy C
authors: AC
authors: Murillo
authors: Alec C
authors: AC
authors: Gerry
authors: Nicola T
authors: NT
authors: Gallagher
authors: Nyles G
authors: NG
authors: Peterson
authors: Bradley A
authors: BA
authors: Mullens
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002140:California; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006146:Guanidines; D006793:Houseflies; D007093:Imidazoles; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods; D007305:Insecticide Resistance; D007306:Insecticides; D018942:Macrolides; D008724:Methomyl; D009117:Muscidae; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D011720:Pyrazoles; D013997:Time Factors; D062367:ortho-Aminobenzoates
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D006146:Guanidines; D007093:Imidazoles; D007306:Insecticides; D018942:Macrolides; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D011720:Pyrazoles; D062367:ortho-Aminobenzoates; D008724:Methomyl; C465368:dinotefuran; C082359:imidacloprid; C558219:cyantraniliprole; C415329:spinosad
keywords: Fannia canicularis; Musca domestica; cyantraniliprole; dinotefuran; imidacloprid; methomyl; spinosad