title: Nanoparticles heat through light localization.
abstract: Aqueous solutions containing light-absorbing nanoparticles have recently been shown to produce steam at high efficiencies upon solar illumination, even when the temperature of the bulk fluid volume remains far below its boiling point. Here we show that this phenomenon is due to a collective effect mediated by multiple light scattering from the dispersed nanoparticles. Randomly positioned nanoparticles that both scatter and absorb light are able to concentrate light energy into mesoscale volumes near the illuminated surface of the liquid. The resulting light absorption creates intense localized heating and efficient vaporization of the surrounding liquid. Light trapping-induced localized heating provides the mechanism for low-temperature light-induced steam generation and is consistent with classical heat transfer.
authors: Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Laboratory for Nanophotonics, §Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, ∥Rice Quantum Institute, ⊥Department of Chemistry, Rice University , Houston, Texas 77005, United States.
authors: Nathaniel J
authors: NJ
authors: Hogan
authors: Alexander S
authors: AS
authors: Urban
authors: Ciceron
authors: C
authors: Ayala-Orozco
authors: Alberto
authors: A
authors: Pimpinelli
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Nordlander
authors: Naomi J
authors: NJ
authors: Halas