title: 6-(Tetrazol-5-yl)-2,2'-bipyridine: a highly selective ligand for the separation of lanthanides(III) and actinides(III).
abstract: The coordination structure in the solid state and solution complexation behavior of 6-(tetrazol-5-yl)-2,2'-bipyridine (HN4bipy) with samarium(III) was investigated as a model system for actinide(III)/lanthanide(III) separations. Two different solid 1:2 complexes, [Sm(N4bipy)2(OH)(H2O)2] (1) and [Sm(N4bipy)2(HCOO)(H2O)2] (2), were obtained from the reaction of samarium(III) nitrate with HN4bipy in isopropyl alcohol, resuspension in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), and slow crystallization. The formate anion coordinated to samarium in 2 is formed by decomposition of DMF to formic acid and dimethylamine. Time-resolved laser fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS) studies were performed with curium(III) and europium(III) by using HN4bipy as the ligand. Curium(III) is observed to form 1:2 and 1:3 complexes with increasing HN4bipy concentration; for europium(III), formation of 1:1 and 1:3 complexes is observed. Although the solid-state samarium complexes were confirmed as 1:2 species the 1:2 europium(III) solution complex in ethanol was not identified with TRLFS. The determined conditional stability constant for the 1:3 fully coordinated curium(III) complex species is more than 2 orders of magnitude higher than that for europium(III) (log β3[Cm(N4bipy)3] = 13.8 and log β3[Eu(N4bipy)3] = 11.1). The presence of added 2-bromodecanoic acid as a lipophilic anion source reduces the stability constant for formation of the 1:2 and 1:3 curium(III) complexes, but no ternary complexes were observed. The stability constants for the 1:3 metal ion-N4bipy complexes equate to a theoretical separation factor, SF(Cm(III)/Eu(III)) ≈ 500. However, the low solubility of the HN4bipy ligand in nonpolar solvents typically used in actinide-lanthanide liquid-liquid extractions prevents its use as a partitioning extractant until a more lipophilic HN4bipy-type ligand is developed.
authors: Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie , Engesserstrasse 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
authors: Jochen
authors: J
authors: Kratsch
authors: Björn B
authors: BB
authors: Beele
authors: Carsten
authors: C
authors: Koke
authors: Melissa A
authors: MA
authors: Denecke
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Geist
authors: Petra J
authors: PJ
authors: Panak
authors: Peter W
authors: PW
authors: Roesky