title: Autoantibodies in pre-clinical autoimmune disease.
abstract: The presence of autoantibodies is characteristic of autoimmune diseases. It is widely accepted that autoantibodies provide crucial diagnostic and prognostic information for autoimmune diseases. Indeed, numerous studies have demonstrated that the appearance of autoantibodies precedes the clinical onset of autoimmune diseases. We performed a literature review regarding the appearance of autoantibodies that preceded the clinical onset of autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren's syndrome, primary biliary cirrhosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and multiple sclerosis. Herein we review and comment on the major findings of these studies.
authors: Department of Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital of Ji'nan Military Command Region, Ji'nan, PR China.
authors: Zhi-De
authors: ZD
authors: Hu
authors: Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China. Electronic address: amdeng70@163.com.
authors: An-Mei
authors: AM
authors: Deng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D012859:Sjogren's Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies
keywords: Autoantibodies; Autoimmune disease; Pre-clinical phase