title: Neuroprotective effects of Arctium lappa L. roots against glutamate-induced oxidative stress by inhibiting phosphorylation of p38, JNK and ERK 1/2 MAPKs in PC12 cells.
abstract: Many studies have shown that glutamate-induced oxidative stress can lead to neuronal cell death involved in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. In this work, protective effects of ethyl acetate extract (EAE) of Arctium lappa L. roots against glutamate-induced oxidative stress in PC12 cells were evaluated. Also, the effects of EAE on antioxidant system, mitochondrial pathway, and signal transduction pathway were explored. Pretreatment with EAE significantly increased cell viability, activities of GSH-Px and SOD, mitochondrial membrane potential and reduced LDH leakage, ROS formation, and nuclear condensation in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, western blot results revealed that EAE increased the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, and inhibited the up-regulation of caspase-3, release of cytochrome c, phosphorylation of p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2). Therefore, our results indicate that EAE may be a promising neuroprotective agent for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases implicated with oxidative stress.
authors: Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang 110840, China.
authors: Xing
authors: X
authors: Tian
authors: Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
authors: Shuang
authors: S
authors: Sui
authors: Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
authors: Jin
authors: J
authors: Huang
authors: Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
authors: Jun-Peng
authors: JP
authors: Bai
authors: Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang 110840, China.
authors: Tian-Shu
authors: TS
authors: Ren
authors: Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang 110840, China. Electronic address: zhaoqingchun1967@163.com.
authors: Qing-Chun
authors: QC
authors: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D031170:Arctium; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D016716:PC12 Cells; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; C494828:Bax protein, rat; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012997:Solvents; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D008315:Malondialdehyde; C007650:ethyl acetate; D045304:Cytochromes c; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C505410:Casp3 protein, rat; D053148:Caspase 3
keywords: Arctium lappa; Glutamate; Neuroprotection; Oxidative stress; PC12 cells