title: Kidney-selective gene transfection using anionic bubble lipopolyplexes with renal ultrasound irradiation in mice.
abstract: This study assessed the ability of a new ultrasound (US) responsive gene delivery carrier, bubble lipopolyplexes, to deliver genes to the kidneys. The bubble lipopolyplexes showed highly selective gene expression in kidney tubules, but only after renal irradiation with US. These bubble lipopolyplexes, however, did not increase the expression of biomarkers of kidney injury, including blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, kidney injury molecule-1 mRNA, and clusterin mRNA, or induce any histopathological abnormalities in the kidney. Furthermore, pDNA containing CMV early enhancer/chicken beta-actin promoter prolonged gene expression by the bubble lipopolyplexes in the kidney for 42 days. This novel renal gene delivery method, in which transfection of bubble lipopolyplexes was followed by US irradiation of the kidneys, resulting in cell-selective, high, and long-term gene expression without renal injury in mice, may have future applications in patient treatment.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  This study demonstrates a novel gene delivery method to the kidneys, utilizing bubble resulting in highly selective gene expression in renal tubules after ultrasound irradiation. In the studied rodent model, there was no evidence for renal damage using this novel delivery system.
authors: Department of Drug Delivery Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: tomoaki-kurosaki@umin.ac.jp.
authors: Tomoaki
authors: T
authors: Kurosaki
authors: Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan. Electronic address: skawakam@nagasaki-u.ac.jp.
authors: Shigeru
authors: S
authors: Kawakami
authors: Department of Drug Delivery Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors: Yuriko
authors: Y
authors: Higuchi
authors: Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Ryo
authors: R
authors: Suzuki
authors: Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Kazuo
authors: K
authors: Maruyama
authors: Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan.
authors: Hitoshi
authors: H
authors: Sasaki
authors: Department of Drug Delivery Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors: Fumiyoshi
authors: F
authors: Yamashita
authors: Department of Drug Delivery Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Institute of Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. Electronic address: hashidam@pharm.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
authors: Mitsuru
authors: M
authors: Hashida
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D014162:Transfection / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D008081:Liposomes
keywords: Gene delivery; Kidney; Liposomes; Sonoporation