title: Gracilibacillus alcaliphilus sp. nov., a facultative alkaliphile isolated from indigo fermentation liquor for dyeing.
abstract: A facultatively alkaliphilic, lactic-acid-producing and halophilic strain, designated SG103(T), was isolated from a fermented Polygonum indigo (Polygonum tinctorium Lour.) liquor sample for dyeing prepared in a laboratory. 16S rRNA gene sequence phylogeny suggested that SG103(T) is a member of the genus Gracilibacillus with the closest relatives being 'Gracilibacillus xinjiangensis' J2 (similarity: 97.06 %), Gracilibacillus thailandensis TP2-8(T) (97.06 %) and Gracilibacillus halotolerans NN(T) (96.87 %). Cells of the isolate stained Gram-positive and were facultatively anaerobic straight rods that were motile by peritrichous flagella. The strain grew at temperatures between 13 and 48 °C with the optimum at 39 °C. It grew in the range pH 7-10 with the optimum at pH 9. The isoprenoid quinone detected was menaquinone-7 (MK-7) and the DNA G+C content was 41.3 mol%. The whole-cell fatty acid profile mainly (>10 %) consisted of iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. Unlike other reported species of the genus Gracilibacillus, the strain lacked diphosphatidylglycerol as a major polar lipid. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments with strains exhibiting greater than 96.87 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, 'G. xinjiangensis' J2, G. thailandensis TP2-8(T) and G. halotolerans NN(T), revealed 2±4 %, 4±9 % and 3±2 % relatedness, respectively. On the basis of the differences in phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, and the results of phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and DNA-DNA relatedness data from reported species of the genus Gracilibacillus, strain SG103(T) merits classification as a members of a novel species, for which the name Gracilibacillus alcaliphilus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SG103(T) ( = JCM 17253(T) = NCIMB 14683(T)).
authors: Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo 062-8517, Japan.
authors: Kikue
authors: K
authors: Hirota
authors: Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan.|Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo 062-8517, Japan.
authors: Yoshiko
authors: Y
authors: Hanaoka
authors: Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Graduate School of Dentistry, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan.
authors: Yoshinobu
authors: Y
authors: Nodasaka
authors: Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan.|Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo 062-8517, Japan.
authors: Isao
authors: I
authors: Yumoto
mesh_terms: D001406:Bacillaceae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D004396:Coloring Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D005285:Fermentation; D007203:Indigo Carmine; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010802:Phylogeny; D028502:Polygonum / Q000382:microbiology*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D024482:Vitamin K 2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D024482:Vitamin K 2; C062629:menaquinone 7; D007203:Indigo Carmine