title: A facile approach to manufacturing non-ionic surfactant nanodipsersions using proniosome technology and high-pressure homogenization.
abstract: In this study, a niosome nanodispersion was manufactured using high-pressure homogenization following the hydration of proniosomes. Using beclometasone dipropionate (BDP) as a model drug, the characteristics of the homogenized niosomes were compared with vesicles prepared via the conventional approach of probe-sonication. Particle size, zeta potential, and the drug entrapment efficiency were similar for both size reduction mechanisms. However, high-pressure homogenization was much more efficient than sonication in terms of homogenization output rate, avoidance of sample contamination, offering a greater potential for a large-scale manufacturing of noisome nanodispersions. For example, high-pressure homogenization was capable of producing small size niosomes (209 nm) using a short single-step of size reduction (6 min) as compared with the time-consuming process of sonication (237 nm in >18 min) and the BDP entrapment efficiency was 29.65% ± 4.04 and 36.4% ± 2.8. In addition, for homogenization, the output rate of the high-pressure homogenization was 10 ml/min compared with 0.83 ml/min using the sonication protocol. In conclusion, a facile, applicable, and highly efficient approach for preparing niosome nanodispersions has been established using proniosome technology and high-pressure homogenization.
authors: School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton , Wolverhampton , UK.
authors: Mohammad
authors: M
authors: Najlah
authors: Kanar
authors: K
authors: Hidayat
authors: Huner K
authors: HK
authors: Omer
authors: Enosh
authors: E
authors: Mwesigwa
authors: Waqar
authors: W
authors: Ahmed
authors: Kais G
authors: KG
authors: AlObaidy
authors: David A
authors: DA
authors: Phoenix
authors: Abdelbary
authors: A
authors: Elhissi
mesh_terms: D001507:Beclomethasone / Q000737:chemistry; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods; D053769:Nanocapsules / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D011312:Pressure; D013010:Sonication; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D013535:Suspensions
chemical_list: D053769:Nanocapsules; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D013535:Suspensions; D001507:Beclomethasone
keywords: Homogenization; niosome; size; sonication; zeta potential