title: Evaluation of antibacterial activity of nitric oxide-releasing polymeric particles against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli from bovine mastitis.
abstract: Bovine mastitis is a serious veterinary disease that causes great loss to the dairy industry worldwide. It is a major infectious disease and is difficult to manage and control. Furthermore, emerging multidrug resistant bacteria that cause mastitis have complicated such management. The free radical nitric oxide (NO) is a potent antimicrobial agent. Thus, the aims of this study were to prepare and evaluate the antibacterial activity of nitric oxide-releasing polymeric particles against Staphylococcus aureus (MBSA) and Escherichia coli (MBEC), which were isolated from bovine mastitis. Fifteen MBSA isolates and fifteen MBEC were collected from subclinical and clinical bovine mastitis. Biocompatible polymeric particles composed of alginate/chitosan or chitosan/sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) were prepared and used to encapsulate mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA), which is a thiol-containing molecule. Nitrosation of thiol groups of MSA-containing particles formed S-nitroso-MSA particles, which are NO donors. The NO release kinetics from the S-nitroso-MSA particles showed sustained and controlled NO release over several hours. The antibacterial activity of NO-releasing particles was evaluated by incubating the particles with an MBSA multi-resistant strain, which is responsible for bovine mastitis. The minimum inhibitory concentration for S-nitroso-MSA-alginate/chitosan particles against MBSA ranged from 125 μg/mL to 250 μg/mL. The results indicate that NO-releasing polymeric particles are an interesting approach to combating bacteria resistance in bovine mastitis treatment and prevention.
authors: Department of Microbiology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Campus Universitário - CEP 86055-990, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors: Viviane F
authors: VF
authors: Cardozo
authors: Department of Microbiology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Campus Universitário - CEP 86055-990, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors: Cesar A C
authors: CA
authors: Lancheros
authors: Exact and Earth Sciences Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua São Nicolau, 250 - CEP 09913-030, Diadema, SP, Brazil.
authors: Adélia M
authors: AM
authors: Narciso
authors: Exact and Earth Sciences Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua São Nicolau, 250 - CEP 09913-030, Diadema, SP, Brazil.
authors: Elaine C S
authors: EC
authors: Valereto
authors: Department of Microbiology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Campus Universitário - CEP 86055-990, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors: Renata K T
authors: RK
authors: Kobayashi
authors: Exact and Earth Sciences Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua São Nicolau, 250 - CEP 09913-030, Diadema, SP, Brazil.
authors: Amedea B
authors: AB
authors: Seabra
authors: Department of Microbiology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Campus Universitário - CEP 86055-990, Londrina, PR, Brazil. Electronic address: gersonakazato@yahoo.com.br.
authors: Gerson
authors: G
authors: Nakazato
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008414:Mastitis, Bovine / Q000382:microbiology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D011122:Polyphosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D013870:Thiomalates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D011122:Polyphosphates; D013870:Thiomalates; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D048271:Chitosan; C046062:2-thiomalic acid; C005692:triphosphoric acid
keywords: Antibacterial activity; Bovine mastitis; E.coli; Nitric oxide; Polymeric particles; S.aureus