title: Exogenous and endogenous hyaluronic acid reduces HIV infection of CD4(+) T cells.
abstract: Preventing mucosal transmission of HIV is critical to halting the HIV epidemic. Novel approaches to preventing mucosal transmission are needed. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a major extracellular component of mucosa and the primary ligand for the cell surface receptor CD44. CD44 enhances HIV infection of CD4(+) T cells, but the role of HA in this process is not clear. To study this, virions were generated with CD44 (HIVCD44) or without CD44 (HIVmock). Exogenous HA reduced HIV infection of unstimulated CD4(+) T cells in a CD44-dependent manner. Conversely, hyaluronidase-mediated reduction of endogenous HA on the cell surface enhanced HIV binding to and infection of unstimulated CD4(+) T cells. Exogenous HA treatment reduced activation of protein kinase C alpha via CD44 on CD4(+) T cells during infection with HIVCD44. These results reveal new roles for HA during the interaction of HIV with CD4(+) T cells that may be relevant to mucosal HIV transmission and could be exploitable as a future strategy to prevent HIV infection.
authors: 1] San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA [2] Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors: Peilin
authors: P
authors: Li
authors: San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors: Katsuya
authors: K
authors: Fujimoto
authors: San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors: Lilly
authors: L
authors: Bourguingnon
authors: 1] San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA [2] Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors: Steven
authors: S
authors: Yukl
authors: Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors: Steven
authors: S
authors: Deeks
authors: 1] San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA [2] Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors: Joseph K
authors: JK
authors: Wong
mesh_terms: D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000276:immunology; D006678:HIV / Q000276:immunology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors / Q000276:immunology; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000276:immunology*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid