title: [Resistance to "last resort" antibiotics in Gram-positive cocci: The post-vancomycin era].
abstract: New therapeutic alternatives have been developed in the last years for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Gram-positive infections. Infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are considered a therapeutic challenge due to failures and lack of reliable antimicrobial options. Despite concerns related to the use of vancomycin in the treatment of severe MRSA infections in specific clinical scenarios, there is a paucity of solid clinical evidence that support the use of alternative agents (when compared to vancomycin). Linezolid, daptomycin and tigecycline are antibiotics approved in the last decade and newer cephalosporins (such as ceftaroline and ceftobiprole) and novel glycopeptides (dalvavancin, telavancin and oritavancin) have reached clinical approval or are in the late stages of clinical development. This review focuses on discussing these newer antibiotics used in the "post-vancomycin" era with emphasis on relevant chemical characteristics, spectrum of antimicrobial activity, mechanisms of action and resistance, as well as their clinical utility.
authors: Unidad de Genética y Resistencia Antimicrobiana (UGRA), Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia.
authors: Sandra
authors: S
authors: Rincón
authors: Unidad de Genética y Resistencia Antimicrobiana (UGRA), Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia.
authors: Diana
authors: D
authors: Panesso
authors: Unidad de Genética y Resistencia Antimicrobiana (UGRA), Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia.
authors: Lorena
authors: L
authors: Díaz
authors: Unidad de Genética y Resistencia Antimicrobiana (UGRA), Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia.
authors: Lina P
authors: LP
authors: Carvajal
authors: University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
authors: Jinnethe
authors: J
authors: Reyes
authors: Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
authors: José M
authors: JM
authors: Munita
authors: Unidad de Genética y Resistencia Antimicrobiana (UGRA), Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia.
authors: César A
authors: CA
authors: Arias
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000145:classification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000145:classification / Q000494:pharmacology; D017576:Daptomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D015507:Drugs, Investigational / Q000494:pharmacology; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D006095:Gram-Positive Cocci / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D008911:Minocycline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D000078304:Tigecycline; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002511:Cephalosporins; D015507:Drugs, Investigational; D014640:Vancomycin; D000078304:Tigecycline; D008911:Minocycline; D017576:Daptomycin