title: Biomechanical loading modulates proinflammatory and bone resorptive mediators in bacterial-stimulated PDL cells.
abstract: The present study aimed to evaluate in vitro whether biomechanical loading modulates proinflammatory and bone remodeling mediators production by periodontal ligament (PDL) cells in the presence of bacterial challenge. Cells were seeded on BioFlex culture plates and exposed to Fusobacterium nucleatum ATCC 25586 and/or cyclic tensile strain (CTS) of low (CTSL) and high (CTSH) magnitudes for 1 and 3 days. Synthesis of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was evaluated by ELISA. Gene expression and protein secretion of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) were evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. F. nucleatum increased the production of COX2 and PGE2, which was further increased by CTS. F. nucleatum-induced increase of PGE2 synthesis was significantly (P < 0.05) increased when CTSH was applied at 1 and 3 days. In addition, CTSH inhibited the F. nucleatum-induced upregulation of OPG at 1 and 3 days, thereby increasing the RANKL/OPG ratio. OPG and RANKL mRNA results correlated with the protein results. In summary, our findings provide original evidence that CTS can enhance bacterial-induced syntheses of molecules associated with inflammation and bone resorption by PDL cells. Therefore, biomechanical, such as orthodontic or occlusal, loading may enhance the bacterial-induced inflammation and destruction in periodontitis.
authors: Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 14801-903 Araraquara, SP, Brazil ; Section of Experimental Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany.
authors: Andressa Vilas Boas
authors: 0000-0002-2756-5947
authors: AV
authors: Nogueira
authors: Section of Experimental Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany ; Clinical Research Unit 208, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany.
authors: Marjan
authors: M
authors: Nokhbehsaim
authors: Department of Periodontology, Oral Microbiology, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
authors: Sigrun
authors: 0000-0002-4619-2461
authors: S
authors: Eick
authors: Clinical Research Unit 208, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany ; Oral Technology, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany.
authors: Christoph
authors: C
authors: Bourauel
authors: Clinical Research Unit 208, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany ; Department of Orthodontics, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany.
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Jäger
authors: Clinical Research Unit 208, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany ; Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany.
authors: Søren
authors: S
authors: Jepsen
authors: Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 14801-903 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
authors: Carlos
authors: C
authors: Rossa
authors: Section of Experimental Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany ; Clinical Research Unit 208, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany.
authors: James
authors: 0000-0002-8808-8769
authors: J
authors: Deschner
authors: Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 14801-903 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
authors: Joni Augusto
authors: JA
authors: Cirelli
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D016967:Fusobacterium nucleatum / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000378:metabolism; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology*; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D053245:RANK Ligand; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D015232:Dinoprostone