title: Potential anti-inflammatory effects of the hydrophilic fraction of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) seed oil on breast cancer cell lines.
abstract: In this work, we characterized conjugated linolenic acids (e.g., punicic acid) as the major components of the hydrophilic fraction (80% aqueous methanol extract) from pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) seed oil (PSO) and evaluated their anti-inflammatory potential on some human colon (HT29 and HCT116), liver (HepG2 and Huh7), breast (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and prostate (DU145) cancer lines. Our results demonstrated that punicic acid and its congeners induce a significant decrease of cell viability for two breast cell lines with a related increase of the cell cycle G0/G1 phase respect to untreated cells. Moreover, the evaluation of a great panel of cytokines expressed by MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells showed that the levels of VEGF and nine pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17, IP-10, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, MCP-1 and TNF-α) decreased in a dose dependent way with increasing amounts of the hydrophilic extracts of PSO, supporting the evidence of an anti-inflammatory effect. Taken together, the data herein suggest a potential synergistic cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant role of the polar compounds from PSO.
authors: Istituto Nazionale per lo studio e la cura dei tumori "Fondazione Giovanni Pascale"-IRCCS-80131 Napoli, Italy.
authors: Susan
authors: S
authors: Costantini
authors: Istituto Nazionale per lo studio e la cura dei tumori "Fondazione Giovanni Pascale"-IRCCS-80131 Napoli, Italy.
authors: Fabiola
authors: F
authors: Rusolo
authors: Istituto di Scienze dell' Alimentazione-CNR, Via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy.
authors: Valentina
authors: V
authors: De Vito
authors: Istituto di Scienze dell' Alimentazione-CNR, Via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy.
authors: Stefania
authors: S
authors: Moccia
authors: Istituto di Scienze dell' Alimentazione-CNR, Via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy.
authors: Gianluca
authors: G
authors: Picariello
authors: Istituto Nazionale per lo studio e la cura dei tumori "Fondazione Giovanni Pascale"-IRCCS-80131 Napoli, Italy.
authors: Francesca
authors: F
authors: Capone
authors: Istituto Nazionale per lo studio e la cura dei tumori "Fondazione Giovanni Pascale"-IRCCS-80131 Napoli, Italy.
authors: Eliana
authors: E
authors: Guerriero
authors: Istituto Nazionale per lo studio e la cura dei tumori "Fondazione Giovanni Pascale"-IRCCS-80131 Napoli, Italy.
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Castello
authors: Istituto di Scienze dell' Alimentazione-CNR, Via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy. mgvolpe@isa.cnr.it.
authors: Maria Grazia
authors: MG
authors: Volpe
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005260:Female; D059585:G1 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects; D045325:HCT116 Cells; D019073:HT29 Cells; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008042:Linolenic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029561:Lythraceae / Q000378:metabolism*; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000378:metabolism; D012639:Seeds / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; D008042:Linolenic Acids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010938:Plant Oils; C519714:punicic acid