title: Does imprint cytology improve the accuracy of transrectal prostate needle biopsy?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the accuracy of imprint cytology of core needle biopsy specimens in the diagnosis of prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between December 24, 2011 and May 9, 2013, patients with an abnormal DRE and/or serum PSA level of >2.5 ng/mL underwent transrectal prostate needle biopsy. Samples with positive imprint cytology but negative initial histologic exam underwent repeat sectioning and histological examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  1,262 transrectal prostate needle biopsy specimens were evaluated from 100 patients. Malignant imprint cytology was found in 236 specimens (18.7%), 197 (15.6%) of which were confirmed by histologic examination, giving an initial 3.1% (n = 39) rate of discrepant results by imprint cytology. Upon repeat sectioning and histologic examination of these 39 biopsy samples, 14 (1.1% of the original specimens) were then diagnosed as malignant, 3 (0.2%) as atypical small acinar proliferation (ASAP), and 5 (0.4%) as high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN). Overall, 964 (76.4%) specimens were negative for malignancy by imprint cytology. Seven (0.6%) specimens were benign by cytology but malignant cells were found on histological evaluation. On imprint cytology examination, nonmalignant but abnormal findings were seen in 62 specimens (4.9%). These were all due to benign processes. After reexamination, the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, false-positive rate, false-negative rate of imprint preparations were 98.1, 96.9, 98.4, 92.8, 99.3, 1.6, 3.1%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Imprint cytology is valuable tool for evaluating TRUS-guided core needle biopsy specimens from the prostate. Use of imprint cytology in combination with histopathology increases diagnostic accuracy when compared with histopathologic assessment alone.
authors: Department of Pathology, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaras, Turkey.
authors: Hamide
authors: H
authors: Sayar
authors: Burak Besir
authors: BB
authors: Bulut
authors: Abdulkadir Yasir
authors: AY
authors: Bahar
authors: Mustafa Remzi
authors: MR
authors: Bahar
authors: Nurten
authors: N
authors: Seringec
authors: Sefa
authors: S
authors: Resim
authors: Harun
authors: H
authors: Çıralık
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D062005:Biopsy, Large-Core Needle / Q000379:methods; D019160:Endosonography / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D061705:Image-Guided Biopsy / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D012007:Rectum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
keywords: core needle biopsy; imprint cytology; prostate cancer