title: Prevalence and predictors of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in a sample of patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Nigeria.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) are growing health challenges worldwide. However, the relation of OSA with type 2 diabetes is not well understood in developing countries. This study described the prevalence and predictors of OSA in type 2 DM patients using a screening questionnaire.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients aged 40years and above with type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited into the study consecutively from the outpatient clinics of a university hospital. They were all administered the Berlin questionnaire and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) to assess the risk of OSA and the tendency to doze off, respectively. Anthropometric details like height, weight and body mass index (BMI) were measured and short-term glycaemic control was determined using fasting blood glucose.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 117 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited into the study. The mean (SD) age, height and BMI was 63 years (11), 160 cm (9) and 27.5 kg/ m(2) (5.7), respectively. Twenty-seven percent of the respondents had a high risk for OSA and 22% had excessive daytime sleepiness denoted by ESS score above 10. In addition, the regression model showed that for every 1 cm increase in neck circumference, there is a 56% independent increase in the likelihood of high risk of OSA after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, waist, hip circumferences and blood glucose.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study shows a substantial proportion of patients with type 2 diabetes may have OSA, the key predictor being neck circumference after controlling for obesity.
authors: Department of Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
authors: Daniel O
authors: DO
authors: Obaseki
authors: Department of Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
authors: Babatope A
authors: BA
authors: Kolawole
authors: Department of Medicine, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.
authors: Simji S
authors: SS
authors: Gomerep
authors: Department of Preventive Dentistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
authors: Josephine E
authors: JE
authors: Obaseki
authors: Department of Radiology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
authors: Ibukun A
authors: IA
authors: Abidoye
authors: Department of Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
authors: Rosemary T
authors: RT
authors: Ikem
authors: Department of Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
authors: Gregory E
authors: GE
authors: Erhabor
keywords: Diabetes; obstructive sleep apnea; sleep