title: Long-term performance of the bovine pericardium patch in conventional carotid endarterectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to analyze long-term results of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) using bovine pericardium patch.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study is a retrospective analysis of 274 consecutive cases (173 in CEA group and 101 patients in an internal control group of eversion endarterectomy [EEA]) operated between January 2005 and May 2007. Operations were performed according to standard surgical technique. Primary endpoints of the study were 30-day mortality, ipsilateral neurologic event rate, and high-grade restenosis in the long-term follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No statistically significance between both groups was found in terms of gender, age, risk factors, medication (statine, platelet inhibition), and incidence of symptomatic stenoses (50.9 vs. 50.5%, n.s.). Early mortality was 0% for EEA and 1% for CEA (nonsignificant [n.s.]) and neurologic event rate (transitory ischemic attack [TIA] + stroke) was 4 versus 4% (n.s.), respectively. After 5 years of follow-up (mean 81 months for CEA and 73 months for EEA), the rate of severe (> 70%) restenosis was 2.9% for EEA and 2.7% for CEA (p =0.729).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bovine pericardium patch yielded promising results with regard to mortality, perioperative neurologic event rate (TIA, stroke), and occurrence of severe restenosis after 5 years of follow-up.
authors: Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany.
authors: Bernhard
authors: B
authors: Dorweiler
authors: Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany.
authors: Charlotte
authors: C
authors: Kayser
authors: Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany.
authors: Frauke
authors: F
authors: Zipp
authors: Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany.
authors: Klaus
authors: K
authors: Gröschel
authors: Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany.
authors: Christian-Friedrich
authors: CF
authors: Vahl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D002417:Cattle; D016894:Endarterectomy, Carotid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000209:etiology; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010496:Pericardium / Q000637:transplantation*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome