title: Comparison of ABO antibody titers on the basis of the antibody detection method used.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Detection methods for ABO antibody (Ab) titers vary across laboratories, and the results are different depending on the method used. We aimed to compare titer values using different detection methods for the measurement of ABO Ab titers.
  
  
  METHODS
  For ABO Ab detection, pooled group A or B red blood cells (RBCs) were reacted with each of 20 sera from blood groups A, B, or O without dithiothreitol treatment. The room-temperature (RT) incubation technique and the indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) were used in the tube test and gel card test. Flow cytometry (FCM) was performed by using anti-IgM and anti-IgG Abs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Regardless of the blood groups tested, the FCM assay with anti-IgM showed the highest titer compared to the tube test and gel card test with RT incubation in both. The tube test with IAT showed a higher titer than the gel card test with IAT (Gel-IAT) or FCM with anti-IgG in blood group A and B, while Gel-IAT showed the highest titer relative to the other tests, only for the anti-A Ab in blood group O.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There were significant differences in the titers depending on the detection method used, and each method showed a different detection capacity for each ABO Ab depending on the ABO blood group tested. Therefore, caution should be exercised in interpreting ABO Ab titer results, taking into consideration the detection method used and the blood group.
authors: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
authors: Seon Joo
authors: SJ
authors: Kang
authors: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
authors: Young Ae
authors: YA
authors: Lim
authors: Green Cross Laboratories, Yongin, Korea.
authors: Sae Yun
authors: SY
authors: Baik
mesh_terms: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System / Q000276:immunology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000372:Agglutination Tests / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000592:standards*; D000906:Antibodies / Q000032:analysis*; D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic / Q000032:analysis; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System; D000906:Antibodies; D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic; C048844:anti-IgG; C044203:anti-IgM
keywords: ABO blood group system; Flow cytometry; Titer