title: Immune response and disease resistance of carotenoids supplementation diet in Cyprinus carpio against Aeromonas hydrophila.
abstract: The effect of carotenoid-supplementation diet on immune response and disease resistance in common carp, Cyprinus carpio against Aeromonas hydrophila at weeks 1, 2, and 4 is reported. The cumulative mortality was 10% when fish were fed with 50 or 100 mg kg(-1) supplementation diets while the un-supplementation diet treated group suffered 90% mortality against the pathogen. The phagocytic activity and complement activity significantly increased with 50 and 100 mg kg(-1) diet groups from weeks 2 and 4 but not in other groups. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was significantly enhanced with 50 and 100 mg kg(-1) diets from weeks 1 to 4 while the production of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) enhanced on weeks 2 and 4. The lysozyme activity significantly increased when fed with 50 and 100 mg kg(-1) diets on weeks 2 and all supplementation diets on week 4. These results suggest that diet enriched with carotenoid pigment positively enhance the immune status and protects C. carpio from A. hydrophila infection.
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Bharath College of Science and Management, Thanjavur 613 005, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors: Sannasi Muthu
authors: SM
authors: Anbazahan
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Bharath College of Science and Management, Thanjavur 613 005, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors: Lourthu Samy Shanthi
authors: LS
authors: Mari
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Bharath College of Science and Management, Thanjavur 613 005, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors: Govintharaj
authors: G
authors: Yogeshwari
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Bharath College of Science and Management, Thanjavur 613 005, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors: Chandrasekar
authors: C
authors: Jagruthi
authors: Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors: Ramasamy
authors: R
authors: Thirumurugan
authors: Division of Fisheries Biotechnology & Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors: Jesu
authors: J
authors: Arockiaraj
authors: Department of Biochemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors: A Antony Joseph
authors: AA
authors: Velanganni
authors: Department of Zoology, Periyar EVR College, Tiruchirapalli 620017, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors: Palaniyandi
authors: P
authors: Krishnamoorthy
authors: Department of Herbal and Environmental Science, Tamil University, Thanjavur 613 005, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors: Chellam
authors: C
authors: Balasundaram
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Bharath College of Science and Management, Thanjavur 613 005, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: rhari123@yahoo.com.
authors: Ramasamy
authors: R
authors: Harikrishnan
mesh_terms: D016980:Aeromonas hydrophila / Q000502:physiology*; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002347:Carps; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D060467:Disease Resistance / Q000187:drug effects*; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D002338:Carotenoids
keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila; Carotenoids; Cyprinus carpio; Disease resistance; Innate immune response