title: Salvage therapy of multiple myeloma: the new generation drugs.
abstract: During the past decade, overall results of treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) have been improved and survival curves are now significantly better with respect to those obtained with historical treatment. These improvements are linked to a deeper knowledge of the biology of disease and to the introduction in clinical practice of drugs with different mechanism of action such as proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs). However, MM remains in most cases an incurable disease. For patients who relapse after treatment with novel agents, the prognosis is dismal and new drugs and therapeutic strategies are required for continued disease control. In this review, we summarize new insights in salvage therapy for relapsed/refractory MM as emerging from recent clinical trials exploring the activity of bendamustine, new generation proteasome inhibitors, novel IMiDs, monoclonal antibodies, and drugs interfering with growth pathways.
authors: Hematology Section, Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Catania, Via Citelli 6, 95124 Catania, Italy ; Fondazione Veronesi, Via Lancellotti 18, 00186 Roma, Italy ; UOC di Ematologia con Trapianto di Midollo Osseo, Ospedale Ferrarotto, Via Citelli 6, 95124 Catania, Italy.
authors: Alessandra
authors: A
authors: Romano
authors: UOC di Ematologia con Trapianto di Midollo Osseo, Ospedale Ferrarotto, Via Citelli 6, 95124 Catania, Italy.
authors: Concetta
authors: C
authors: Conticello
authors: UOC di Ematologia con Trapianto di Midollo Osseo, Ospedale Ferrarotto, Via Citelli 6, 95124 Catania, Italy.
authors: Maide
authors: 0000-0002-7339-5141
authors: M
authors: Cavalli
authors: Hematology Section, Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Catania, Via Citelli 6, 95124 Catania, Italy ; UOC di Ematologia con Trapianto di Midollo Osseo, Ospedale Ferrarotto, Via Citelli 6, 95124 Catania, Italy.
authors: Calogero
authors: 0000-0003-1922-5157
authors: C
authors: Vetro
authors: UOC di Ematologia con Trapianto di Midollo Osseo, Ospedale Ferrarotto, Via Citelli 6, 95124 Catania, Italy.
authors: Cosimo
authors: C
authors: Di Raimondo
authors: Hematology Section, Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Catania, Via Citelli 6, 95124 Catania, Italy ; UOC di Ematologia con Trapianto di Midollo Osseo, Ospedale Ferrarotto, Via Citelli 6, 95124 Catania, Italy.
authors: Valentina
authors: 0000-0001-6214-047X
authors: V
authors: Di Martina
authors: Hematology Section, Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Catania, Via Citelli 6, 95124 Catania, Italy ; UOC di Ematologia con Trapianto di Midollo Osseo, Ospedale Ferrarotto, Via Citelli 6, 95124 Catania, Italy.
authors: Elena
authors: E
authors: Schinocca
authors: Hematology Section, Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Catania, Via Citelli 6, 95124 Catania, Italy ; UOC di Ematologia con Trapianto di Midollo Osseo, Ospedale Ferrarotto, Via Citelli 6, 95124 Catania, Italy.
authors: Alessia
authors: A
authors: La Fauci
authors: Hematology Section, Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Catania, Via Citelli 6, 95124 Catania, Italy ; UOC di Ematologia con Trapianto di Midollo Osseo, Ospedale Ferrarotto, Via Citelli 6, 95124 Catania, Italy.
authors: Nunziatina Laura
authors: NL
authors: Parrinello
authors: UOC di Ematologia con Trapianto di Midollo Osseo, Ospedale Ferrarotto, Via Citelli 6, 95124 Catania, Italy.
authors: Annalisa
authors: A
authors: Chiarenza
authors: Hematology Section, Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Catania, Via Citelli 6, 95124 Catania, Italy ; UOC di Ematologia con Trapianto di Midollo Osseo, Ospedale Ferrarotto, Via Citelli 6, 95124 Catania, Italy.
authors: Francesco
authors: 0000-0002-7749-0293
authors: F
authors: Di Raimondo
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D061988:Proteasome Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016879:Salvage Therapy / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D061988:Proteasome Inhibitors