title: Extra virgin olive oil blunt post-prandial oxidative stress via NOX2 down-regulation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Olive oil protects against cardiovascular disease but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. We speculated that olive oil could inhibit oxidative stress, which is believed to be implicated in the atherosclerotic process.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Post-prandial oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction were investigated in twenty-five healthy subjects who were randomly allocated in a cross-over design to a Mediterranean diet added with or without extra virgin olive oil (EVOO, 10 g) (first study, n = 25) or Mediterranean diet with EVOO (10 g) or corn oil (10 g) (second study, n = 25). Oxidative stress biomarkers including platelet reactive oxidant species (ROS) and 8-iso-PGF2α-III, activity of NOX2, the catalytic sub-unit of NADPH oxidase, as assessed in platelets and serum, serum vitamin E and endothelial dysfunction, were measured before and 2 h after lunch. In the first study a significant increase of platelet ROS, 8-iso-PGF2α-III, NOX2 activity, sE-selectin, sVCAM1 and a decrease of serum vitamin E were detected in controls but not when EVOO was included in the Mediterranean diet; oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction increase were also observed in the second study in subjects given corn oil. A significant correlation was found between NOX2 activity and platelet oxidative stress. In vitro study demonstrated that EVOO but not corn oil significantly decreased platelet and PMNs oxidative stress and NOX2 activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study provides the first evidence that post-prandial oxidative stress may be triggered by NOX2 up-regulation. EVOO but not corn oil, is able to counteract such phenomenon suggesting that addition of EVOO to a Mediterranean diet protects against post-prandial oxidative stress.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors: Roberto
authors: R
authors: Carnevale
authors: Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors: Pasquale
authors: P
authors: Pignatelli
authors: Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors: Cristina
authors: C
authors: Nocella
authors: Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors: Lorenzo
authors: L
authors: Loffredo
authors: Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors: Daniele
authors: D
authors: Pastori
authors: Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors: Tommasa
authors: T
authors: Vicario
authors: AFC Patrimonio Servizi e furniture UO ristorazioni, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy.
authors: Andreina
authors: A
authors: Petruccioli
authors: Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors: Simona
authors: S
authors: Bartimoccia
authors: Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: francesco.violi@uniroma1.it.
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Violi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003314:Corn Oil / Q000494:pharmacology; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood* / Q000187:drug effects; D000074662:NADPH Oxidase 2; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000097:blood* / Q000187:drug effects; D000069463:Olive Oil; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000187:drug effects; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D003314:Corn Oil; C056558:CYBB protein, human; D000074662:NADPH Oxidase 2; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol
keywords: Extra virgin olive oil; Mediterranean diet; NOX2; Oxidative stress