title: Alkylphenolic contaminants in the diet: Sparus aurata juveniles hepatic response.
abstract: A wide range of endocrine disrupter chemicals can mimic steroid hormones causing adverse health effects. Nonylphenol (NP) and t-octhylphenol (t-OP) are man-made alkylphenolic environmental contaminants possessing controversial endocrine disruption properties. This study has investigated the effects of NP and t-OP enriched diets on hepatic tissue and biotransformation activities in the liver. To this aim, sea bream juveniles were fed with commercial diet enriched with three different doses of NP (NP1: 5mg/kg bw, NP2: 50mg/kg bw and NP3: 100mg/kg bw) or t-OP (t-OP1: 5mg/kg bw, t-OP2: 50mg/kg bw and t-OP3: 100mg/kg bw) for 21 days. A significant increase of the hepatosomatic index was observed in NP1 and t-OP1. Alteration of liver morphology was observed in both NP and t-OP exposed juveniles although the most altered endpoints were observed in t-OP2 with 100% of tissue degeneration. Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity was significantly inhibited by NP and t-OP (p<0.05), while catalase activity was significantly induced, at both doses. A different pattern of protein expression of different isoforms of both vitellogenin and zona radiata protein was evidenced within the treatments. In addition, a significant increase in the abundance of the stress induced heat shock protein 70 gene in the liver of t-OP2 fish and a significant increase in the abundance of the estrogen induced cathepsin D gene in the liver of NP1 and t-OP2 fish, were observed. Finally, estradiol-17β (E2) and testosterone (T) plasma levels and E2/T showed significantly different patterns in NP and t-OP exposed against control fish.
authors: Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DiSTAV), University of Genoa, Italy; Interuniversity Consortium INBB, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: traversiilaria@gmail.com.
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Traversi
authors: Department of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Gioacchini
authors: Department of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Scorolli
authors: Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DiSTAV), University of Genoa, Italy.
authors: D G
authors: DG
authors: Mita
authors: Department of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Marche, Ancona, Italy; Interuniversity Consortium INBB, Rome, Italy.
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Carnevali
authors: Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DiSTAV), University of Genoa, Italy; Interuniversity Consortium INBB, Rome, Italy.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Mandich
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D004032:Diet; D004527:Egg Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005506:Food Contamination; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000097:blood; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D019800:Phenol / Q000633:toxicity*; D010636:Phenols / Q000633:toxicity; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D021541:Sea Bream / Q000097:blood / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014819:Vitellogenins / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004527:Egg Proteins; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D010636:Phenols; D014819:Vitellogenins; C423083:zona radiata protein, fish; D019800:Phenol; C025256:nonylphenol
keywords: 4-Tert-octylphenol; Biomarkers; Morphological endpoints; Nonylphenol; Sea bream juveniles