title: Association of TNF-α, TGF-β1, IL-10, IL-6, and IFN-γ gene polymorphism with acute rejection and infection in lung transplant recipients.
abstract: Infection and rejection are common complications faced by lung transplant recipients (LTRs) and have become major impediments to long-term survival. Cytokines may play an important role in the development of these complications. In this study, we explored the correlation between TNF-α (-308 A/G), TGF-β1 (+869 T/C, +915 G/C), IL-10 (-592 C/A, -819 T/C, -1082 G/A), IL-6 (-174 G/C), and IFN-γ (+874 T/A) gene polymorphisms and the incidence of acute rejection and infection. Transplant outcomes were reviewed in a retrospective cohort of 113 LTRs from a single center between December 2004 and November 2012. Cytokine polymorphisms were measured using sequence-specific primer-based PCR. HLA typing was performed for the donors and recipients. We found that the LTRs with the IL-10 -819 CC and -592 CC genotypes had a significantly decreased risk of infection (p = 0.017, OR = 0.177, 95% CI = 0.04-0.85). However, we found no significant association between cytokine polymorphisms and acute rejection. Furthermore, the data revealed that the occurrence of acute rejection was strongly associated with infection episodes (χ(2)  = 8.5256, p < 0.01). These results suggest that LTRs possessing the IL-10 -819 CC and -592 CC genotype may be protected from the occurrence of infection. Our results demonstrated that infection is an important cause of acute rejection for LTRs.
authors: Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Wuxi People's Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China; Jiangsu Key laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Wuxi, China.
authors: Hui-Jun
authors: HJ
authors: Mu
authors: Ping
authors: P
authors: Xie
authors: Jing-Yu
authors: JY
authors: Chen
authors: Fei
authors: F
authors: Gao
authors: Jian
authors: J
authors: Zou
authors: Ji
authors: J
authors: Zhang
authors: Bin
authors: B
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000235:genetics* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006085:Graft Survival; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000235:genetics*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000235:genetics; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000601:surgery; D016040:Lung Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000235:genetics; D066027:Transplant Recipients; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D015850:Interleukin-6; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007371:Interferon-gamma
keywords: cytokine; infection; lung transplant; rejection; single nucleotide polymorphism