title: The changing patterns of psychosocial exposures at work in the south of Europe: Spain as a labor market laboratory.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the pattern of psychosocial risk exposures at work among wage-earners in Spain in 2005 and 2010, and to analyze changes in exposure inequalities by gender and job category.
  
  
  METHODS
  Psychosocial exposures were compared using the COPSOQ-ISTAS21 method, based on two surveys representative of the Spanish wage-earning population (2005 and 2010). Statistical analysis was conducted using correspondence analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was an increase in exposure to high Double Presence, low Social Support, high Work Pace, and high Insecurity about finding a job; and reduction in exposure to high Insecurity about losing a job, and to high Insecurity over worsening of employment conditions. A gender- and occupation-related gradient was maintained.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although this study analyzes wage-earner "survivors" after the outbreak of the current economic crisis, it shows a worsening of harmful exposures to some psychosocial risks. In a context of job destruction, concerns about worsening working conditions appear to be subordinate to insecurity about job loss.
authors: Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Grup Recerca Amèrica i Àfrica Llatines (GRAAL), Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
authors: Mireia
authors: M
authors: Utzet
authors: Salvador
authors: S
authors: Moncada
authors: Emilia
authors: E
authors: Molinero
authors: Clara
authors: C
authors: Llorens
authors: Neus
authors: N
authors: Moreno
authors: Albert
authors: A
authors: Navarro
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004651:Employment / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000523:psychology; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016272:Occupational Health / Q000639:trends*; D012737:Sex Factors; D012944:Social Support; D013030:Spain; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology*; D014478:Unemployment / Q000523:psychology; D016526:Workload / Q000523:psychology*; D017132:Workplace / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: occupational exposure/adverse effects; occupational health; questionnaires; workplace/psychology