title: Risk of prostate cancer in patients with schizophrenia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the rate of prostate cancer in a cohort of schizophrenia in-patients in the PSA-era as compared to expected rates. There is conflicting evidence on the relative risk of prostate cancer in men with schizophrenia.
  
  
  METHODS
  the study sample was comprised of schizophrenia patients who had been admitted to a tertiary care mental health center between 1990 and 2011. The data for the sample was cross-referenced with the National Cancer Registry. Analyses of Standardized Incidence Rates (SIR) for prostate cancer and for lung cancer (representing an organ system not sensitive to sex hormones) were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 4,326 schizophrenia patients included in the present study, 181 (4.2%) were diagnosed with cancer at any site. Only 10 of these patients were diagnosed with prostate cancer. This reflects a reduced risk; SIR of 0.56 (95% CI 0.27-1.03). In the same cohort, 33 schizophrenia patients were diagnosed with lung cancer presenting a SIR of 1.43 (95% CI 0.98-2.01) in this sample.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study suggests a reduced rate of prostate cancer in patients admitted for schizophrenia. There are several possible explanations for this finding including chronic state of hyperprolactinemia induced by antipsychotic drugs.
authors: Department of Urology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel.
authors: Gil
authors: G
authors: Raviv
authors: Department of Urology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel.
authors: Menachem
authors: M
authors: Laufer
authors: Abarbanel Mental Health Center, Bat-Yam, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel.
authors: Yehuda
authors: Y
authors: Baruch
authors: Abarbanel Mental Health Center, Bat-Yam, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel. Electronic address: mdybarak@gmail.com.
authors: Yoram
authors: Y
authors: Barak
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015331:Cohort Studies; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007557:Israel; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D012042:Registries; D012306:Risk; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications*; D055815:Young Adult