title: Using a Delphi technique to seek consensus regarding definitions, descriptions and classification of terms related to implicit and explicit forms of motor learning.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Motor learning is central to domains such as sports and rehabilitation; however, often terminologies are insufficiently uniform to allow effective sharing of experience or translation of knowledge. A study using a Delphi technique was conducted to ascertain level of agreement between experts from different motor learning domains (i.e., therapists, coaches, researchers) with respect to definitions and descriptions of a fundamental conceptual distinction within motor learning, namely implicit and explicit motor learning.
  
  
  METHODS
  A Delphi technique was embedded in multiple rounds of a survey designed to collect and aggregate informed opinions of 49 international respondents with expertise related to motor learning. The survey was administered via an online survey program and accompanied by feedback after each round. Consensus was considered to be reached if ≥70% of the experts agreed on a topic.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Consensus was reached with respect to definitions of implicit and explicit motor learning, and seven common primary intervention strategies were identified in the context of implicit and explicit motor learning. Consensus was not reached with respect to whether the strategies promote implicit or explicit forms of learning.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The definitions and descriptions agreed upon may aid translation and transfer of knowledge between domains in the field of motor learning. Empirical and clinical research is required to confirm the accuracy of the definitions and to explore the feasibility of the strategies that were identified in research, everyday practice and education.
authors: Research Centre for Autonomy and Participation of people with a chronic illness, Zuyd University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health, Heerlen, the Netherlands; Adelante Rehabilitation Centre, Department of Brain Injury, Hoensbroek, the Netherlands.
authors: Melanie
authors: M
authors: Kleynen
authors: Research Centre for Autonomy and Participation of people with a chronic illness, Zuyd University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health, Heerlen, the Netherlands; Department of Health Services Research, CAPHRI, School for Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
authors: Susy M
authors: SM
authors: Braun
authors: Department of Health Services Research, CAPHRI, School for Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Centre of Expertise Geriatric Rehabilitation and Chronic Somatic Care, Sevagram Zorgcentra, Heerlen, the Netherlands.
authors: Michel H
authors: MH
authors: Bleijlevens
authors: Research Centre for Technology in Care, Zuyd University of Applied Sciences, Heerlen, the Netherlands.
authors: Monique A
authors: MA
authors: Lexis
authors: Adelante Centre of Expertise in Rehabilitation and Audiology, Hoensbroek, the Netherlands; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, CAPHRI, School for Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
authors: Sascha M
authors: SM
authors: Rasquin
authors: Adelante Rehabilitation Centre, Department of Brain Injury, Hoensbroek, the Netherlands.
authors: Jos
authors: J
authors: Halfens
authors: Department of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom.
authors: Mark R
authors: MR
authors: Wilson
authors: Research Centre for Autonomy and Participation of people with a chronic illness, Zuyd University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health, Heerlen, the Netherlands; Department of Family Practice, CAPHRI, School for Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
authors: Anna J
authors: AJ
authors: Beurskens
authors: Institute of Human Performance, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Sport and Leisure Studies, University of Waikato, New Zealand.
authors: Rich S W
authors: RS
authors: Masters
mesh_terms: D032921:Consensus; D003697:Delphi Technique; D005104:Expert Testimony; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D009626:Terminology as Topic