title: Clinical trials in patients with heart failure and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction.
abstract: There is no robust evidence that any treatment can modify the natural history of patients with heart failure and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (HFpEF), although most agree that diuretics can control congestion and improve symptoms. HFpEF is often complicated by systemic and pulmonary hypertension, atrial fibrillation, obesity, chronic lung and kidney disease, lack of physical fitness, and old age that can complicate both diagnosis and management. Further trials should phenotype patients precisely and create better definitions of HFpEF based on biomarkers.
authors: National Heart & Lung Institute, NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals NHS Trust, Imperial College, London, UK. Electronic address: j.cleland@imperial.ac.uk.
authors: John G F
authors: JG
authors: Cleland
authors: Department of Cardiology, Castle Hill Hospital, Hull and York Medical School, University of Hull, Kingston-upon-Hull, UK.
authors: Pierpaolo
authors: P
authors: Pellicori
authors: Department of Cardiology, Castle Hill Hospital, Hull and York Medical School, University of Hull, Kingston-upon-Hull, UK.
authors: Riet
authors: R
authors: Dierckx
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000368:Aged; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004077:Digoxin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010879:Piperazines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011379:Prognosis; D011687:Purines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012016:Reference Values; D018570:Risk Assessment; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013577:Syndrome; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D010879:Piperazines; D011687:Purines; D013449:Sulfonamides; D004077:Digoxin; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate
keywords: Clinical trials; Comorbidity; HFpEF; NT-proBNP