title: Total fertilization failure: is it the end of the story?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study parameters that could predict in-vitro fertilization (IVF) success in patients who experienced total fertilization failure (TFF) with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in their previous cycles.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cycle characteristics of patients with TFF (Group I, n = 136 cycles), cycles resulting in embryo transfer (ET) following TFF (Group II, n = 36 cycles) and recurrent TFF (Group III, n = 25 cycles) and were studied retrospectively. Demographic features, cycle characteristics of three groups were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Follicle count measuring 15-17 mm was significantly higher in group II when compared to group I (p = 0.02). Total number of retrieved oocytes and mature oocytes were significantly higher in group II when compared to groups I and III (p = 0.001). Estradiol level at oocyte pick up (OPU) day was significantly higher in group II when compared to group I (p = 0.02). When the characteristics of ET cycles and preceding TFF cycles of the same patient were compared, total number of retrieved oocytes (5.11 ± 0.72 (95% CI 3.69-6.52) vs. 11.44 ± 1.60 (95% CI 5.29-17.59)) and mature oocytes (3.26 ± 3.66 (95% CI 2.04-4.47) vs. 6.92 ± 5.61 (95% CI 5.09-8.75)) were found to be significantly lower in TFF cycles (p = 0.001). Five biochemical and 5 clinical pregnancies occurred while only 2 healthy babies were born, corresponding to a live birth rate 5.5%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increasing the number of retrieved and mature oocytes may increase the success of fertilization in patients with a history of previous failed fertilization. However, live birth rate is still low in embryo transfer cycles.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanım Women's Health Teaching and Research Hospital, Etlik Caddesi No:55, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: Inci
authors: I
authors: Kahyaoglu
authors: Berfu
authors: B
authors: Demir
authors: Ayten
authors: A
authors: Turkkanı
authors: Ozgur
authors: O
authors: Cınar
authors: Serdar
authors: S
authors: Dilbaz
authors: Berna
authors: B
authors: Dilbaz
authors: Leyla
authors: L
authors: Mollamahmutoglu
mesh_terms: D004624:Embryo Transfer; D005260:Female; D005306:Fertilization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D054315:Oocyte Retrieval; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic / Q000379:methods*