title: Epidemiological investigation and antimicrobial susceptibility analysis of ureaplasma species and Mycoplasma hominis in outpatients with genital manifestations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and drug resistance of Ureaplasma species and Mycoplasma hominis in outpatients with genital manifestation from 2005 to 2013 in Hangzhou, China.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 2689 female and 2336 male patients with various genital symptoms were included in this study. Species identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test were performed by using the mycoplasma IST-2 kit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence rate of Ureaplasma species was 39.9%, M hominis was 1.2% in female patients, and the coinfection rate was 13.4%; while in males, the prevalence rate of Ureaplasma species was 18.8%, M hominis was 0.4%, and the coinfection rate was 2.9%. Moreover, significantly high positive rates for mycoplasmas (Ureaplasma species M hominis) and were found in 16–20-year-old females (65.2%) and males (27.3%). Ureaplasma species and M hominis displayed relatively lower resistance rates (<5.0%) to doxycycline, josamycin, tetracycline and pristinamycin, and the resistance rates did not change during the study period, while the resistance rates of Ureaplasma species to quinolones (ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin) were much higher (>50%) and increased significantly from 2005 to 2013.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study indicates that high positive rates of Ureaplasma species and M hominis were found in young outpatients with genital symptoms, and monitoring the local drug resistance is critical for prevention of the occurrence of resistant strains.
authors: Tiejun
authors: T
authors: Song
authors: Aiqing
authors: A
authors: Ye
authors: Xinyou
authors: X
authors: Xie
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Huang
authors: Zhi
authors: Z
authors: Ruan
authors: Yingying
authors: Y
authors: Kong
authors: Jingjuan
authors: J
authors: Song
authors: Yue
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Jiangzhong
authors: J
authors: Chen
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D060085:Coinfection; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D009175:Mycoplasma Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D019535:Mycoplasma hominis / Q000187:drug effects*; D010045:Outpatients; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D060737:Reproductive Tract Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012737:Sex Factors; D014509:Ureaplasma / Q000187:drug effects*; D016869:Ureaplasma Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents