title: The independent and combined effects of exercise training and reducing sedentary behavior on cardiometabolic risk factors.
abstract: This pilot study examined if the combination of exercise training and reducing sedentary time (ST) results in greater changes to health markers than either intervention alone. Fifty-seven overweight/obese participants (19 males/39 females) (mean ± SD; age, 43.6 ± 9.9 years; body mass index (BMI), 35.1 ± 4.6 kg·m(-2)) completed the 12-week study and were randomly assigned to (i) EX: exercise 5 days·week(-1) for 40 min·session(-1) at moderate intensity; (ii) rST: reduce ST and increase nonexercise physical activity; (iii) EX-rST: combination of EX and rST; and (iv) CON: maintain behavior. Fasting lipids, blood pressure (BP), peak oxygen uptake, BMI, and 2-h oral glucose tolerance tests were completed pre- and post-intervention. EX and EX-rST increased peak oxygen uptake by ∼10% and decreased systolic BP (both p < 0.001). BMI decreased by -3.3% (95% confidence interval: -4.6% to -1.9%) for EX-rST and -2.2% (-3.5% to 0.0%) for EX. EX-rST significantly increased composite insulin-sensitivity index by 17.8% (2.8% to 32.8%) and decreased insulin area under the curve by 19.4% (-31.4% to -7.3%). No other groups improved in insulin action variables. rST group decreased ST by 7% (∼50 min·day(-1)); however, BP was the only health-related outcome that improved. EX and EX-rST improved peak oxygen uptake and BMI, providing further evidence that moderate-intensity exercise is beneficial. The within-group analysis provides preliminary evidence that exercising and reducing ST may result in improvements in metabolic biomarkers that are not seen with exercise alone, though between-group differences did not reach statistical significance. Future studies, with larger samples, should examine health-related outcomes resulting from greater reductions in ST over longer intervention periods.
authors: a Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
authors: Sarah
authors: S
authors: Kozey Keadle
authors: Kate
authors: K
authors: Lyden
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Staudenmayer
authors: Amanda
authors: A
authors: Hickey
authors: Richard
authors: R
authors: Viskochil
authors: Barry
authors: B
authors: Braun
authors: Patty S
authors: PS
authors: Freedson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D012307:Risk Factors; D057185:Sedentary Behavior
keywords: assis; cardiometabolic risk factors; entraînement; facteurs de risque cardiométabolique; insulin resistance; insulinorésistance; sitting; training