title: Marginal ectropion induced by conjunctival ingrowth after levator resection surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Levator resection surgery is commonly performed to correct ptosis, and a large number of postoperative complications are well known. This report presents a previously unreported complication of marginal ectropion after levator resection surgery for congenital ptosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The three patients with upper eyelid marginal ectropion in this observational case series previously had undergone levator resection surgery for congenital ptosis. The patients' medical records and clinical photographs were reviewed retrospectively. The patients underwent reoperations for ectropion correction. Unusual tissues identified during the surgery were excised and processed for histopathologic analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients presented with upper eyelid marginal ectropion and had a history of levator resection surgery for congenital ptosis on the same eye. Ingrown tissues were observed during the second operations for ectropion correction in all three patients. Histopathologic analysis was performed for two of the patients, confirming that the tissue consisted of mucosa. The ectropions were corrected after surgical removal of the ingrown tissues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Marginal ectropion can occur after levator resection surgery. In this study, the ectropion was attributed to mucosal ingrowth, a complication not previously reported. To improve the surgical outcomes, surgeons should be aware of this complication.
  
  
  METHODS
  This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
authors: The Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Korea.
authors: Chang Yeom
authors: CY
authors: Kim
authors: Eunji
authors: E
authors: Oh
authors: Cheng-Zhe
authors: CZ
authors: Wu
authors: Jin Sook
authors: JS
authors: Yoon
authors: Sang Yeul
authors: SY
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001763:Blepharoptosis / Q000151:congenital / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000473:pathology; D004483:Ectropion / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000601:surgery; D055815:Young Adult