title: Beneficial effects of soluble dietary Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) in the prevention of the onset of type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in high-fructose diet-fed rats.
abstract: Jerusalem artichoke (JA) has the potential to attenuate lipid disturbances and insulin resistance (IR), but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In the present study, we elucidated the physiological responses and mechanisms of JA intervention with a comprehensive transcriptome analysis. Wistar rats were fed a control diet, a 60 % fructose-enriched diet (FRU), or a FRU with 10 % JA (n 6-7) for 4 weeks. An oral glucose tolerance test was carried out on day 21. Liver samples were collected for biochemical and global gene expression analyses (GeneChip® Rat Genome 230 2.0 Array, Affymetrix). Fructose feeding resulted in IR and hepatic TAG accumulation; dietary JA supplementation significantly improved these changes. Transcriptomic profiling revealed that the expression of malic enzyme 1 (Me1), associated with fatty acid synthesis; decorin (Dcn), related to fibrosis; and cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 2 (Cyp1a2) and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt), associated with inflammation, was differentially altered by the FRU, whereas dietary JA supplementation significantly improved the expression of these genes. We established for the first time the molecular mechanisms driving the beneficial effects of JA in the prevention of type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We propose that 10 % JA supplementation may be beneficial for the prevention of the onset of these diseases.
authors: Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan.
authors: Wan-Ching
authors: WC
authors: Chang
authors: Corporate Sponsored Research Program "Food for Life", Organization for Interdisciplinary Research Projects, The University of Tokyo,1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku,Tokyo113-8657,Japan.
authors: Huijuan
authors: H
authors: Jia
authors: Corporate Sponsored Research Program "Food for Life", Organization for Interdisciplinary Research Projects, The University of Tokyo,1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku,Tokyo113-8657,Japan.
authors: Wanping
authors: W
authors: Aw
authors: Corporate Sponsored Research Program "Food for Life", Organization for Interdisciplinary Research Projects, The University of Tokyo,1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku,Tokyo113-8657,Japan.
authors: Kenji
authors: K
authors: Saito
authors: Fuji Foods, Inc., Funabashi-shi,Chiba,Japan.
authors: Sumio
authors: S
authors: Hasegawa
authors: Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan.
authors: Hisanori
authors: H
authors: Kato
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019388:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 / Q000235:genetics; D058575:Decorin / Q000235:genetics; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004032:Diet; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases / Q000378:metabolism; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005630:Fructans / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015870:Gene Expression; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006368:Helianthus; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D008291:Malate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000235:genetics; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012995:Solubility; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D058575:Decorin; D005630:Fructans; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014280:Triglycerides; D005632:Fructose; D008291:Malate Dehydrogenase; D019388:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase