title: Factors associated with neurodevelopment for children with single ventricle lesions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure neurodevelopment at 3 years of age in children with single right-ventricle anomalies and to assess its relationship to Norwood shunt type, neurodevelopment at 14 months of age, and patient and medical factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  All subjects in the Single Ventricle Reconstruction Trial who were alive without cardiac transplant were eligible for inclusion. The Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ, n = 203) and other measures of behavior and quality of life were completed at age 3 years. Medical history, including measures of growth, feeding, and complications, was assessed through annual review of the records and phone interviews. The Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Second Edition (BSID-II) scores from age 14 months were also evaluated as predictors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Scores on each ASQ domain were significantly lower than normal (P < .001). ASQ domain scores at 3 years of age varied nonlinearly with 14-month BSID-II. More complications, abnormal growth, and evidence of feeding, vision, or hearing problems were independently associated with lower ASQ scores, although models explained <30% of variation. Type of shunt was not associated with any ASQ domain score or with behavior or quality-of-life measures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children with single right-ventricle anomalies have impaired neurodevelopment at 3 years of age. Lower ASQ scores are associated with medical morbidity, and lower BSID-II scores but not with shunt type. Because only a modest percentage of variation in 3-year neurodevelopmental outcome could be predicted from early measures, however, all children with single right-ventricle anomalies should be followed longitudinally to improve recognition of delays.
authors: University of Michigan Medical School and CS Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI. Electronic address: cgoldber@umich.edu.
authors: Caren S
authors: CS
authors: Goldberg
authors: New England Research Institute, Watertown, MA.
authors: Minmin
authors: M
authors: Lu
authors: New England Research Institute, Watertown, MA.
authors: Lynn A
authors: LA
authors: Sleeper
authors: Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.
authors: William T
authors: WT
authors: Mahle
authors: Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA.
authors: J William
authors: JW
authors: Gaynor
authors: Columbia University and Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, New York, NY.
authors: Ismee A
authors: IA
authors: Williams
authors: Children's Hospital of Wisconsin and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.
authors: Kathleen A
authors: KA
authors: Mussatto
authors: University of Michigan Medical School and CS Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI.
authors: Richard G
authors: RG
authors: Ohye
authors: Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.
authors: Eric M
authors: EM
authors: Graham
authors: University of Utah Primary Children's Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT.
authors: Deborah U
authors: DU
authors: Frank
authors: All Children's Hospital, Johns Hopkins Medicine, St Petersburg, FL.
authors: Jeffrey P
authors: JP
authors: Jacobs
authors: Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH.
authors: Catherine
authors: C
authors: Krawczeski
authors: University of Utah Primary Children's Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT.
authors: Linda
authors: L
authors: Lambert
authors: Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
authors: Alan
authors: A
authors: Lewis
authors: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD.
authors: Victoria L
authors: VL
authors: Pemberton
authors: Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Renee
authors: R
authors: Sananes
authors: Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE.
authors: Erica
authors: E
authors: Sood
authors: Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.
authors: Stephanie B
authors: SB
authors: Wechsler
authors: Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
authors: David C
authors: DC
authors: Bellinger
authors: Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
authors: Jane W
authors: JW
authors: Newburger
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009420:Nervous System / Q000254:growth & development*; D011446:Prospective Studies