title: Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy verses oral hygiene instructions on type 2 diabetes subjects with chronic periodontitis: a randomised clinical trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  40 subjects with type 2 diabetes and moderate to severe CP were randomly distributed to groups receiving either NSPT or OHI. Periodontal parameters, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were evaluated at baseline, 2- and 3-months intervals.
  
  
  METHODS
  40 subjects with type 2 diabetes and moderate to severe CP were randomly distributed to groups receiving either NSPT or OHI. Periodontal parameters, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were evaluated at baseline, 2- and 3-months intervals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  15 subjects from NSPT group and 17 from OHI group completed the study. The difference in plaque index (PI) between NSPT and OHI groups were significant at 2 months recall (p = 0.013). There was no significant difference between NSPT and OHI group for all other clinical periodontal parameters, HbA1c and CRP levels. At 3 months post-therapy, periodontal parameters improved significantly in both groups with sites with probing pocket depth (PPD) < 4 mm reported as 98 ± 1.8% in NSPT group and 92 ± 14.9% in OHI group. Mean PPD and mean probing attachment loss (PAL) within the NSPT group reduced significantly from baseline (2.56 ± 0.57 mm, 3.35 ± 0.83 mm) to final visit (1.94 ± 0.26 mm, 2.92 ± 0.72 mm) (p = 0.003, p < 0.001). For OHI group, improvements in mean PPD and mean PAL were also seen from baseline (2.29 ± 0.69 mm, 2.79 ± 0.96 mm) to final visit (2.09 ± 0.72 mm, 2.62 ± 0.97 mm) (p < 0.001 for both). Similarly, HbA1c levels decreased in both groups with NSPT group recording statistically significant reduction (p = 0.038). Participants who demonstrated ≥ 50% reduction in PPD showed significant reductions of HbA1c and hs-CRP levels (p = 0.004 and p = 0.012).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NSPT significantly reduced PI at 2 months post-therapy as compared to OHI. Both NSPT and OHI demonstrated improvements in other clinical parameters as well as HbA1c and CRP levels.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01951547.
authors: Renukanth Patabi Cheta
authors: RP
authors: Raman
authors: Tara Bai
authors: TB
authors: Taiyeb-Ali
authors: Siew Pheng
authors: SP
authors: Chan
authors: Karuthan
authors: K
authors: Chinna
authors: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. rathna@um.edu.my.
authors: Rathna Devi
authors: RD
authors: Vaithilingam
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000628:therapy*; D003742:Dental Devices, Home Care; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D012534:Dental Scaling / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009910:Oral Hygiene / Q000193:education*; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000145:classification / Q000628:therapy; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000145:classification / Q000628:therapy; D016745:Root Planing / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D014099:Toothbrushing / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D002710:Chlorhexidine; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D009067:Mouthwashes