title: Radiopharmaceutical stem cell tracking for neurological diseases.
abstract: Although neurological ailments continue to be some of the main causes of disease burden in the world, current therapies such as pharmacological agents have limited potential in the restoration of neural functions. Cell therapies, firstly applied to treat different hematological diseases, are now being investigated in preclinical and clinical studies for neurological illnesses. However, the potential applications and mechanisms for such treatments are still poorly comprehended and are the focus of permanent research. In this setting, noninvasive in vivo imaging allows better understanding of several aspects of stem cell therapies. Amongst the various methods available, radioisotope cell labeling has become one of the most promising since it permits tracking of cells after injection by different routes to investigate their biodistribution. A significant increase in the number of studies utilizing this method has occurred in the last years. Here, we review the different radiopharmaceuticals, imaging techniques, and findings of the preclinical and clinical reports published up to now. Moreover, we discuss the limitations and future applications of radioisotope cell labeling in the field of cell transplantation for neurological diseases.
authors: Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil ; Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373, CCS, Bloco G, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors: Paulo Henrique
authors: PH
authors: Rosado-de-Castro
authors: Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373, CCS, Bloco G, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors: Pedro Moreno
authors: PM
authors: Pimentel-Coelho
authors: Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors: Bianca
authors: B
authors: Gutfilen
authors: Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors: Sergio Augusto
authors: SA
authors: Lopes de Souza
authors: Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373, CCS, Bloco G, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil ; D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors: Gabriel Rodriguez
authors: GR
authors: de Freitas
authors: Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373, CCS, Bloco G, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors: Rosalia
authors: R
authors: Mendez-Otero
authors: Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors: Lea Mirian
authors: LM
authors: Barbosa da Fonseca
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D058948:Cell Tracking / Q000379:methods*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals