title: Blood pressure variability on antihypertensive therapy in acute intracerebral hemorrhage: the Stroke Acute Management with Urgent Risk-factor Assessment and Improvement-intracerebral hemorrhage study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The associations between early blood pressure (BP) variability and clinical outcomes in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage after antihypertensive therapy, recently clarified by a post hoc analysis of Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage Trial 2 (INTERACT2), were confirmed using the Stroke Acute Management with Urgent Risk-factor Assessment and Improvement (SAMURAI)-intracerebral hemorrhage study cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with hyperacute (<3 hours from onset) intracerebral hemorrhage with initial systolic BP (SBP) >180 mm Hg were registered in a prospective, multicenter, observational study. All patients received antihypertensive therapy based on a predefined standardized protocol to lower and maintain SBP between 120 and 160 mm Hg using intravenous nicardipine. BPs were measured hourly during the initial 24 hours. BP variability was determined as SD and successive variation. The associations between BP variability and hematoma expansion (>33%), neurological deterioration within 72 hours, and unfavorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale, 4-6) at 3 months were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 205 patients, 33 (16%) showed hematoma expansion, 14 (7%) showed neurological deterioration, and 81 (39%) had unfavorable outcomes. The SD and successive variation of SBP were 13.8 (interquartile range, 11.5-16.8) and 14.9 (11.7-17.7) mm Hg, respectively, and those of diastolic BP were 9.4 (7.5-11.2) and 13.1 (11.2-15.9) mm Hg, respectively. On multivariate regression analyses, neurological deterioration was associated with the SD of SBP (odds ratio, 2.75; 95% confidence interval, 1.45-6.12 per quartile) and the successive variation of SBP (2.37; 1.32-4.83), and unfavorable outcome was associated with successive variation of SBP (1.42; 1.04-1.97). Hematoma expansion was not associated with any BP variability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SBP variability during the initial 24 hours of acute intracerebral hemorrhage was independently associated with neurological deterioration and unfavorable outcomes. Stability of antihypertensive therapy may improve clinical outcomes.
authors: From the Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine (E.T., J.K., T.O., S.S., K.M., K.T.), Division of Stroke Care Unit (M.K., S.A.), and Department of Neurology (H.Y, K.N.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan (K. Kario); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Nakamura Memorial Hospital, Sapporo, Japan (K. Kamiyama); Department of Stroke Neurology, Kohnan Hospital, Sendai, Japan (E.F.); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan (Y.H.); Department of Neurology, NHO Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan (S.O.); Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan (H.Y.); Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan (K. Kimura); and Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, NHO Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.O.).
authors: Eijirou
authors: E
authors: Tanaka
authors: From the Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine (E.T., J.K., T.O., S.S., K.M., K.T.), Division of Stroke Care Unit (M.K., S.A.), and Department of Neurology (H.Y, K.N.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan (K. Kario); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Nakamura Memorial Hospital, Sapporo, Japan (K. Kamiyama); Department of Stroke Neurology, Kohnan Hospital, Sendai, Japan (E.F.); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan (Y.H.); Department of Neurology, NHO Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan (S.O.); Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan (H.Y.); Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan (K. Kimura); and Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, NHO Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.O.). koga@ncvc.go.jp.
authors: Masatoshi
authors: M
authors: Koga
authors: From the Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine (E.T., J.K., T.O., S.S., K.M., K.T.), Division of Stroke Care Unit (M.K., S.A.), and Department of Neurology (H.Y, K.N.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan (K. Kario); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Nakamura Memorial Hospital, Sapporo, Japan (K. Kamiyama); Department of Stroke Neurology, Kohnan Hospital, Sendai, Japan (E.F.); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan (Y.H.); Department of Neurology, NHO Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan (S.O.); Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan (H.Y.); Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan (K. Kimura); and Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, NHO Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.O.).
authors: Junpei
authors: J
authors: Kobayashi
authors: From the Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine (E.T., J.K., T.O., S.S., K.M., K.T.), Division of Stroke Care Unit (M.K., S.A.), and Department of Neurology (H.Y, K.N.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan (K. Kario); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Nakamura Memorial Hospital, Sapporo, Japan (K. Kamiyama); Department of Stroke Neurology, Kohnan Hospital, Sendai, Japan (E.F.); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan (Y.H.); Department of Neurology, NHO Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan (S.O.); Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan (H.Y.); Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan (K. Kimura); and Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, NHO Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.O.).
authors: Kazuomi
authors: K
authors: Kario
authors: From the Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine (E.T., J.K., T.O., S.S., K.M., K.T.), Division of Stroke Care Unit (M.K., S.A.), and Department of Neurology (H.Y, K.N.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan (K. Kario); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Nakamura Memorial Hospital, Sapporo, Japan (K. Kamiyama); Department of Stroke Neurology, Kohnan Hospital, Sendai, Japan (E.F.); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan (Y.H.); Department of Neurology, NHO Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan (S.O.); Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan (H.Y.); Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan (K. Kimura); and Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, NHO Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.O.).
authors: Kenji
authors: K
authors: Kamiyama
authors: From the Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine (E.T., J.K., T.O., S.S., K.M., K.T.), Division of Stroke Care Unit (M.K., S.A.), and Department of Neurology (H.Y, K.N.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan (K. Kario); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Nakamura Memorial Hospital, Sapporo, Japan (K. Kamiyama); Department of Stroke Neurology, Kohnan Hospital, Sendai, Japan (E.F.); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan (Y.H.); Department of Neurology, NHO Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan (S.O.); Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan (H.Y.); Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan (K. Kimura); and Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, NHO Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.O.).
authors: Eisuke
authors: E
authors: Furui
authors: From the Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine (E.T., J.K., T.O., S.S., K.M., K.T.), Division of Stroke Care Unit (M.K., S.A.), and Department of Neurology (H.Y, K.N.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan (K. Kario); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Nakamura Memorial Hospital, Sapporo, Japan (K. Kamiyama); Department of Stroke Neurology, Kohnan Hospital, Sendai, Japan (E.F.); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan (Y.H.); Department of Neurology, NHO Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan (S.O.); Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan (H.Y.); Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan (K. Kimura); and Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, NHO Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.O.).
authors: Yoshiaki
authors: Y
authors: Shiokawa
authors: From the Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine (E.T., J.K., T.O., S.S., K.M., K.T.), Division of Stroke Care Unit (M.K., S.A.), and Department of Neurology (H.Y, K.N.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan (K. Kario); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Nakamura Memorial Hospital, Sapporo, Japan (K. Kamiyama); Department of Stroke Neurology, Kohnan Hospital, Sendai, Japan (E.F.); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan (Y.H.); Department of Neurology, NHO Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan (S.O.); Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan (H.Y.); Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan (K. Kimura); and Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, NHO Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.O.).
authors: Yasuhiro
authors: Y
authors: Hasegawa
authors: From the Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine (E.T., J.K., T.O., S.S., K.M., K.T.), Division of Stroke Care Unit (M.K., S.A.), and Department of Neurology (H.Y, K.N.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan (K. Kario); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Nakamura Memorial Hospital, Sapporo, Japan (K. Kamiyama); Department of Stroke Neurology, Kohnan Hospital, Sendai, Japan (E.F.); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan (Y.H.); Department of Neurology, NHO Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan (S.O.); Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan (H.Y.); Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan (K. Kimura); and Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, NHO Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.O.).
authors: Satoshi
authors: S
authors: Okuda
authors: From the Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine (E.T., J.K., T.O., S.S., K.M., K.T.), Division of Stroke Care Unit (M.K., S.A.), and Department of Neurology (H.Y, K.N.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan (K. Kario); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Nakamura Memorial Hospital, Sapporo, Japan (K. Kamiyama); Department of Stroke Neurology, Kohnan Hospital, Sendai, Japan (E.F.); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan (Y.H.); Department of Neurology, NHO Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan (S.O.); Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan (H.Y.); Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan (K. Kimura); and Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, NHO Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.O.).
authors: Kenichi
authors: K
authors: Todo
authors: From the Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine (E.T., J.K., T.O., S.S., K.M., K.T.), Division of Stroke Care Unit (M.K., S.A.), and Department of Neurology (H.Y, K.N.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan (K. Kario); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Nakamura Memorial Hospital, Sapporo, Japan (K. Kamiyama); Department of Stroke Neurology, Kohnan Hospital, Sendai, Japan (E.F.); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan (Y.H.); Department of Neurology, NHO Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan (S.O.); Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan (H.Y.); Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan (K. Kimura); and Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, NHO Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.O.).
authors: Kazumi
authors: K
authors: Kimura
authors: From the Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine (E.T., J.K., T.O., S.S., K.M., K.T.), Division of Stroke Care Unit (M.K., S.A.), and Department of Neurology (H.Y, K.N.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan (K. Kario); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Nakamura Memorial Hospital, Sapporo, Japan (K. Kamiyama); Department of Stroke Neurology, Kohnan Hospital, Sendai, Japan (E.F.); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan (Y.H.); Department of Neurology, NHO Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan (S.O.); Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan (H.Y.); Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan (K. Kimura); and Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, NHO Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.O.).
authors: Yasushi
authors: Y
authors: Okada
authors: From the Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine (E.T., J.K., T.O., S.S., K.M., K.T.), Division of Stroke Care Unit (M.K., S.A.), and Department of Neurology (H.Y, K.N.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan (K. Kario); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Nakamura Memorial Hospital, Sapporo, Japan (K. Kamiyama); Department of Stroke Neurology, Kohnan Hospital, Sendai, Japan (E.F.); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan (Y.H.); Department of Neurology, NHO Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan (S.O.); Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan (H.Y.); Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan (K. Kimura); and Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, NHO Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.O.).
authors: Takuya
authors: T
authors: Okata
authors: From the Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine (E.T., J.K., T.O., S.S., K.M., K.T.), Division of Stroke Care Unit (M.K., S.A.), and Department of Neurology (H.Y, K.N.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan (K. Kario); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Nakamura Memorial Hospital, Sapporo, Japan (K. Kamiyama); Department of Stroke Neurology, Kohnan Hospital, Sendai, Japan (E.F.); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan (Y.H.); Department of Neurology, NHO Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan (S.O.); Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan (H.Y.); Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan (K. Kimura); and Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, NHO Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.O.).
authors: Shoji
authors: S
authors: Arihiro
authors: From the Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine (E.T., J.K., T.O., S.S., K.M., K.T.), Division of Stroke Care Unit (M.K., S.A.), and Department of Neurology (H.Y, K.N.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan (K. Kario); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Nakamura Memorial Hospital, Sapporo, Japan (K. Kamiyama); Department of Stroke Neurology, Kohnan Hospital, Sendai, Japan (E.F.); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan (Y.H.); Department of Neurology, NHO Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan (S.O.); Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan (H.Y.); Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan (K. Kimura); and Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, NHO Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.O.).
authors: Shoichiro
authors: S
authors: Sato
authors: From the Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine (E.T., J.K., T.O., S.S., K.M., K.T.), Division of Stroke Care Unit (M.K., S.A.), and Department of Neurology (H.Y, K.N.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan (K. Kario); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Nakamura Memorial Hospital, Sapporo, Japan (K. Kamiyama); Department of Stroke Neurology, Kohnan Hospital, Sendai, Japan (E.F.); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan (Y.H.); Department of Neurology, NHO Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan (S.O.); Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan (H.Y.); Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan (K. Kimura); and Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, NHO Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.O.).
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Yamagami
authors: From the Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine (E.T., J.K., T.O., S.S., K.M., K.T.), Division of Stroke Care Unit (M.K., S.A.), and Department of Neurology (H.Y, K.N.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan (K. Kario); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Nakamura Memorial Hospital, Sapporo, Japan (K. Kamiyama); Department of Stroke Neurology, Kohnan Hospital, Sendai, Japan (E.F.); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan (Y.H.); Department of Neurology, NHO Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan (S.O.); Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan (H.Y.); Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan (K. Kimura); and Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, NHO Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.O.).
authors: Kazuyuki
authors: K
authors: Nagatsuka
authors: From the Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine (E.T., J.K., T.O., S.S., K.M., K.T.), Division of Stroke Care Unit (M.K., S.A.), and Department of Neurology (H.Y, K.N.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan (K. Kario); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Nakamura Memorial Hospital, Sapporo, Japan (K. Kamiyama); Department of Stroke Neurology, Kohnan Hospital, Sendai, Japan (E.F.); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan (Y.H.); Department of Neurology, NHO Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan (S.O.); Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan (H.Y.); Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan (K. Kimura); and Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, NHO Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.O.).
authors: Kazuo
authors: K
authors: Minematsu
authors: From the Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine (E.T., J.K., T.O., S.S., K.M., K.T.), Division of Stroke Care Unit (M.K., S.A.), and Department of Neurology (H.Y, K.N.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan (K. Kario); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Nakamura Memorial Hospital, Sapporo, Japan (K. Kamiyama); Department of Stroke Neurology, Kohnan Hospital, Sendai, Japan (E.F.); Department of Neurosurgery and Stroke Center, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan (Y.H.); Department of Neurology, NHO Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan (S.O.); Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan (H.Y.); Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan (K. Kimura); and Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, NHO Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.O.).
authors: Kazunori
authors: K
authors: Toyoda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006406:Hematoma / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents
keywords: antihypertensive agents; cerebral hemorrhage; patient outcome assessment