title: Development and psychometric evaluation of the Chronic Kidney Disease Screening Index.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Public understanding of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is important to ensure informed participation in CKD prevention programs. This study aimed to develop and to test the psychometric profile of the CKD Screening Index that measures patient's knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding CKD prevention and early detection.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional design was implemented and a total of 740 Jordanian patients recognized at risk for CKD were recruited by convenience sampling from out-patient departments. Development and psychometric validation of the CKD Screening Index were conducted in four phases: (1) item generation, (2) pilot study, (3) preliminary psychometric validation study to examine factor structure, and (4) final psychometric validation with 740 participants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On factor analysis, 24 items categorical knowledge items loaded into one factor and yielded a Guttman Split-Half Coefficient of 0.80. In a separate factor analysis, 15 items were loaded on two attitude factors (Cronbach alpha coefficient = 0.69), and nine items loaded on two practice factors (Cronbach alpha coefficient = 0.68). The CKD Screening Index associated significantly and negatively with depressed and anxious patients compared to their counterparts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This promising CKD Screening Index can be used for an early identification of patients at risk for CKD, thus, allowing the development of interventions to raise these patients' awareness. Future studies are needed on other populations with different cultural background to support reliability and validity of this new instrument.
authors: Faculty of Nursing, The University of Jordan , Amman , Jordan and.
authors: Amani A
authors: AA
authors: Khalil
authors: Hanan M
authors: HM
authors: Al-Modallal
authors: Maysoon S
authors: MS
authors: Abdalrahim
authors: Diana H
authors: DH
authors: Arabiat
authors: Mona A
authors: MA
authors: Abed
authors: Ruqayya S
authors: RS
authors: Zeilani
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011594:Psychometrics; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Attitudes; Jordanian patients; chronic kidney disease; knowledge; practices