title: sAC from aquatic organisms as a model to study the evolution of acid/base sensing.
abstract: Soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) is poised to play multiple physiological roles as an acid/base (A/B) sensor in aquatic organisms. Many of these roles are probably similar to those in mammals; a striking example is the evolutionary conservation of a mechanism involving sAC, carbonic anhydrase and vacuolar H⁺-ATPase that acts as a sensor system and regulator of extracellular A/B in shark gills and mammalian epididymis and kidney. Additionally, the aquatic environment presents unique A/B and physiological challenges; therefore, sACs from aquatic organisms have likely evolved distinct kinetic properties as well as distinct physiological roles. sACs from aquatic organisms offer an excellent opportunity for studying the evolution of A/B sensing at both the molecular and whole organism levels. Moreover, this information could help understand and predict organismal responses to environmental stress based on mechanistic models.This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "The Role of Soluble Adenylyl Cyclase in Health and Disease," guest edited by J. Buck and L. R. Levin.
authors: Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. Electronic address: mtresguerres@ucsd.edu.
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Tresguerres
mesh_terms: D000136:Acid-Base Equilibrium; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000378:metabolism; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008386:Marine Biology; D008954:Models, Biological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010788:Photosynthesis; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D012754:Sharks
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases
keywords: Acidosis; Alkalosis; Bicarbonate; Carbon Dioxide; Cell signaling; Cyclic AMP