title: Multiple vascular malformations in head and neck - Rare case report.
abstract: Multiple venous malformations (VMs) pose some of the most difficult challenges in the practice of medicine today. Clinical manifestations of these lesions are extremely protean. Because of the rarity of these lesions, experience in their diagnosis and management by most clinicians is limited. This augments the enormity of the problem and can lead to misdiagnoses, inadequate treatment, high complication rates and poor patient outcomes. Because these lesions can recur, removal of the nidus is the main priority. Vascular malformations are best treated in medical centers where patients with these maladies are seen regularly and the team approach is utilized. The presence of intralesional nerve in arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and sometimes in VMs, as reported in this study, provides an additional diagnostic criterion that is simple and reliable and can be readily used to differentiate VMs from hemangiomas.
authors: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Sri Rajiv Gandhi College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors: Yogesh T
authors: YT
authors: Lakkasetty
authors: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Sri Rajiv Gandhi College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors: Sangeeta
authors: S
authors: Malik
authors: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sri Rajiv Gandhi College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors: Akshay
authors: A
authors: Shetty
authors: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sri Rajiv Gandhi College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors: Kourosh
authors: K
authors: Nakhaei
keywords: Head and neck; multiple vascular malformation; multiple vascular/venous malformation; phleboliths