title: Metabolic syndrome among psychiatric outpatients with mood and anxiety disorders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Few studies have simultaneously compared the impacts of pharmacotherapy and mental diagnoses on metabolic syndrome (MetS) among psychiatric outpatients with mood and anxiety disorders. This study aimed to investigate the impacts of pharmacotherapy and mental diagnoses on MetS and the prevalence of MetS among these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two-hundred and twenty-nine outpatients (men/women = 85/144) were enrolled from 1147 outpatients with mood and anxiety disorders by systematic sampling. Psychiatric disorders and MetS were diagnosed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR and the new International Diabetics Federation definition, respectively. The numbers of antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, and antidepressants being taken were recorded. Logistic regression was used to investigate the impacts of pharmacotherapy and psychiatric diagnoses on MetS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 229 subjects, 51 (22.3%) fulfilled the criteria for MetS. The prevalence of MetS was highest in the bipolar I disorder (46.7%) patients, followed by bipolar II disorder (25.0%), major depressive disorder (22.0%), anxiety-only disorders (16.7%), and no mood and/or anxiety disorders (14.3%). The percentages of MetS among the five categories were correlated with those of the patients being treated with antipsychotics and mood stabilizers. Use of antipsychotics and/or mood stabilizers independently predicted a higher risk of MetS after controlling for demographic variables and psychiatric diagnoses. When adding body mass index (BMI) as an independent variable in the regression model, BMI became the most significant factor to predict MetS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BMI was found to be an important factor related to MetS. Pharmacotherapy might be one of underlying causes of elevated BMI. The interactions among MetS, BMI, pharmacotherapy, and psychiatric diagnoses might need further research.
authors: Ching-I
authors: CI
authors: Hung
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, 5 Fu-Shing St, Kweishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan. Liucy752@cgmh.org.tw.
authors: Chia-Yih
authors: CY
authors: Liu
authors: Mei-Chun
authors: MC
authors: Hsiao
authors: Nan-Wen
authors: NW
authors: Yu
authors: Chun-Lin
authors: CL
authors: Chu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010045:Outpatients; D015995:Prevalence; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents