title: Cerebrospinal fluid aquaporin-4 antibody levels in neuromyelitis optica attacks.
abstract: To elucidate immunopathogenetic roles of aquaporin-4 antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), we analyzed aquaporin-4 antibody titers, cellular and inflammatory markers in the CSF collected from 11 aquaporin-4 antibody seropositive patients. The CSF aquaporin-4 antibody levels during attacks (but not in sera) closely correlated with pleocytosis, inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-6 that can regulate antibody-producing plasmablasts, and glial fibrillary acidic protein levels in the CSF. The amount of aquaporin-4 antibodies present in the central nervous system may have therapeutic implications, as it is associated with astrocyte injury and inflammatory responses during NMOSD attacks.
authors: Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
authors: Douglas Kazutoshi
authors: DK
authors: Sato
authors: Dagoberto
authors: D
authors: Callegaro
authors: Frederico M
authors: FM
authors: de Haidar Jorge
authors: Ichiro
authors: I
authors: Nakashima
authors: Shuhei
authors: S
authors: Nishiyama
authors: Toshiyuki
authors: T
authors: Takahashi
authors: Renata Faria
authors: RF
authors: Simm
authors: Samira Luisa
authors: SL
authors: Apostolos-Pereira
authors: Tatsuro
authors: T
authors: Misu
authors: Lawrence
authors: L
authors: Steinman
authors: Masashi
authors: M
authors: Aoki
authors: Kazuo
authors: K
authors: Fujihara
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D051401:Aquaporin 4 / Q000276:immunology*; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009471:Neuromyelitis Optica / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000276:immunology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D051401:Aquaporin 4; D001323:Autoantibodies; D015415:Biomarkers