title: Diet restriction in Ramadan and the effect of fasting on glucose levels in pregnancy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Maternal diet restriction might be associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes due to metabolic changes. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of changes in glucose levels due to Ramadan fasting in Emirati pregnant women. We conducted a cross-sectional observational study of 150 women from the United Arab Emirates, (76 during Ramadan and 74 after Ramadan), with uncomplicated pregnancies at a gestational age between 20 and 36 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The two groups of pregnant women had similar physiological parameters. Using the oral glucose tolerance test, the mean random blood glucose level after 1 hour of breaking the fast was significantly higher (p = 0.002) in the Ramadan fasting group than in the control group, and this was not affected by the number of fasting days. In 50% of patients after Ramadan and 70.5% during Ramadan, this value was more than 6.7 mmol/l, which is high and not an acceptable postprandial level in pregnancy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Caregivers need to consider the 1-hour postprandial glucose level response after fasting in Muslim pregnant women. Research of an interventional design is required to determine remedial actions for this issue.
authors: Abu Dhabi Health Services, SEHA, Ambulatory Health Care Services, Al Ain, UAE. latifa.mohammad@gmail.com.
authors: Latifa Mohammad
authors: LM
authors: Baynouna Al Ketbi
authors: Nico J D
authors: NJ
authors: Niglekerke
authors: Sanna M
authors: SM
authors: Zein Al Deen
authors: Hisham
authors: H
authors: Mirghani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005215:Fasting / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006693:Holidays; D006801:Humans; D007514:Islam; D019518:Postprandial Period; D011247:Pregnancy; D014479:United Arab Emirates
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose