title: Biofumigation with Brassica juncea, Raphanus sativus and Eruca sativa for the management of field populations of the potato cyst nematode Globodera pallida.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The viability of potato cyst nematode (PCN) populations (Globodera pallida) was evaluated in three field experiments using Brassica juncea, Raphanus sativus and Eruca sativa amendments. These species were summer cultivated and autumn incorporated in experiment 1; in experiment 2, overwintered brassicaceous cover crops were spring incorporated. Experiment 3 involved determination of effects of metconazole application on biomass/glucosinolate production by B. juncea and R. sativus and on PCN pre- and post-incorporation. Glucosinolate contents were determined before incorporation. Following cover crop incorporation, field plots were planted with susceptible potatoes to evaluate the biofumigation effects on PCN reproduction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In experiment 1, PCN population post-potato harvest was reduced (P = 0.03) in B. juncea-treated plots, while R. sativus prevented further multiplication, but in experiment 2 there were no significant effects on PCN reproduction. In experiment 3, B. juncea or R. sativus either untreated or treated with metconazole reduced PCN populations. Glucosinolate concentrations varied significantly between different plant regions and cultivation seasons. Metconazole application increased the sinigrin concentration in B. juncea tissues. Glucosinolate concentrations correlated positively with PCN mortality for summer-cultivated brassicaceous plants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results demonstrated that B. juncea and R. sativus green manures can play an important role in PCN management, particularly if included in an integrated pest management scheme.
authors: Crop and Environment Sciences Department, Harper Adams University, Newport, Shropshire, UK.
authors: Bruno M
authors: BM
authors: Ngala
authors: Patrick P J
authors: PP
authors: Haydock
authors: Simon
authors: S
authors: Woods
authors: Matthew A
authors: MA
authors: Back
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019607:Brassicaceae / Q000378:metabolism; D005651:Fumigation; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D005961:Glucosinolates / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D009149:Mustard Plant / Q000378:metabolism; D010571:Pest Control / Q000379:methods; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000469:parasitology; D031224:Raphanus / Q000378:metabolism; D012987:Soil / Q000469:parasitology; D011198:Solanum tuberosum / Q000469:parasitology*; D014230:Triazoles; D014431:Tylenchoidea
chemical_list: D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D005961:Glucosinolates; D012987:Soil; D014230:Triazoles; C010330:sinigrin
keywords: Brassica species; Globodera pallida; biofumigation; glucosinolate; isothiocyanate; potato cyst nematode; viability