title: A Murine Model of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Peri-Implant Mucositis and Peri-Implantitis.
abstract: Dental implants are a widely used treatment option for tooth replacement. However, they are susceptible to inflammatory diseases such as peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, which are highly prevalent and may lead to implant loss. Unfortunately, the understanding of the pathogenesis of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis is fragmented and incomplete. Therefore, the availability of a reproducible animal model to study these inflammatory diseases would facilitate the dissection of their pathogenic mechanisms. The objective of this study is to propose a murine model of experimental peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. Screw-shaped titanium implants were placed in the upper healed edentulous alveolar ridges of C57BL/6J mice 8 weeks after tooth extraction. Following 4 weeks of osseointegration, Porphyromonas gingivalis -lipolysaccharide (LPS) injections were delivered to the peri-implant soft tissues for 6 weeks. No-injections and vehicle injections were utilized as controls. Peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis were assessed clinically, radiographically (microcomputerized tomograph [CT]), and histologically following LPS-treatment. LPS-injections resulted in a significant increase in soft tissue edema around the head of the implants as compared to the control groups. Micro-CT analysis revealed significantly greater bone loss in the LPS-treated implants. Histological analysis of the specimens demonstrated that the LPS-group had increased soft tissue vascularity, which harbored a dense mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate, and the bone exhibited noticeable osteoclast activity. The induction of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis in mice via localized delivery of bacterial LPS has been demonstrated. We anticipate that this model will contribute to the development of more effective preventive and therapeutic approaches for these 2 conditions.
authors: 1  University of California, Los Angeles, School of Dentistry, Section of Periodontics, Los Angeles, Calif.
authors: Flavia Q
authors: FQ
authors: Pirih
authors: 1  University of California, Los Angeles, School of Dentistry, Section of Periodontics, Los Angeles, Calif.
authors: Sarah
authors: S
authors: Hiyari
authors: 1  University of California, Los Angeles, School of Dentistry, Section of Periodontics, Los Angeles, Calif.
authors: Ho-Yin
authors: HY
authors: Leung
authors: 2  Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, School of Dentistry, Brazil.
authors: Ana D V
authors: AD
authors: Barroso
authors: 3  Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, School of Dentistry, Brazil.
authors: Adrian C A
authors: AC
authors: Jorge
authors: 3  Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, School of Dentistry, Brazil.
authors: Jeniffer
authors: J
authors: Perussolo
authors: 4  University of California, Los Angeles, School of Dentistry, Section of Oral Radiology, Los Angeles, Calif.
authors: Elisa
authors: E
authors: Atti
authors: 5  University of California, Los Angeles, School of Dentistry, Section of Oral Pathology, Los Angeles, Calif.
authors: Yi-Ling
authors: YL
authors: Lin
authors: 4  University of California, Los Angeles, School of Dentistry, Section of Oral Radiology, Los Angeles, Calif.
authors: Sotirios
authors: S
authors: Tetradis
authors: 1  University of California, Los Angeles, School of Dentistry, Section of Periodontics, Los Angeles, Calif.
authors: Paulo M
authors: PM
authors: Camargo
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss; D000818:Animals; D015921:Dental Implants; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D052016:Mucositis; D057873:Peri-Implantitis
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides
keywords: dental implants; implants; lipopolysaccharide; mouse; peri-implant mucositis; peri-implantitis