title: Genetic variants of APOC3 promoter and HLA-B genes in an HIV infected cohort in northern South Africa: a pilot study.
abstract: Metabolic disorders and hypersensitivities affect tolerability and impact adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of C-482T/T-455C variants in the Apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3) promoter gene and Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B*57:01, known to impact lipid metabolic disorders and hypersensitivity respectively; and to correlate genotypes with gender, CD4+ cell count and viral load in an HIV infected cohort in northern South Africa. Frequencies of C-482 and T-455 polymorphisms in APOC3 were determined by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Allele determination for HLA-B was performed with Assign SBT software in an HLA library. Analysis of APOC3 C-482 site revealed a prevalence of 196/199 (98.5%) for CC, 1/199 (0.5%) for CT and 2/199 (1.0%) for TT genotype (p = 0.000 with 1° of freedom; χ2 = 126.551). For the T-455 site, prevalences were: 69/199 (35%) for TT and 130/199 (65%) for the CC genotype (p = 0.000 with 1° of freedom; χ2 = 199). There was no association between gender and the presence of -482 (p = 1; χ2 = 0.00001) or -455 genotypes (p = 0.1628; χ2 = 1.9842). There was no significant difference in the increase in CD4+ cell count irrespective of genotypes. Significant increases in CD4+ cell count were observed in males and females considering the -455C genotype, but not in males for the -455T genotype. Viral load decreases were significant with the -455C and -482C genotypes irrespective of gender. HLA-B*57:01 was not identified in the study cohort. The apparently high prevalence of APOC3 T-455CC genotype needs confirmation with a larger samples size and triglyceride measurements to support screening of patients to pre-empt HAART associated lipid disorders.
authors: HIV/AIDS & Global Health Research Programme, Department of Microbiology, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa. tracy.masebe@univen.ac.za.
authors: Tracy
authors: T
authors: Masebe
authors: HIV/AIDS & Global Health Research Programme, Department of Microbiology, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa. bessong@univen.ac.za.
authors: Pascal Obong
authors: PO
authors: Bessong
authors: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea Box 63, Cameroon. ndip3@yahoo.com.
authors: Roland Ndip
authors: RN
authors: Ndip
authors: Department of Biochemistry, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa. debra.meyer@up.ac.za.
authors: Debra
authors: D
authors: Meyer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001056:Apolipoproteins C / Q000235:genetics*; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000235:genetics*; D015235:HLA-B Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D013019:South Africa
chemical_list: D001056:Apolipoproteins C; D015235:HLA-B Antigens