title: Comparison of the effects of pre-anesthetic administration of normal saline, ringer and voluven on the spread of sensory block with hyperbaric bupivacaine spinal anesthesia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Spinal anesthesia is an important and commonly used method for surgical anesthetic in operating rooms. However, even with identical drug dosage and administration mode, the extent of drug distribution in vivo is highly variable and difficult to control. Preanesthetic administration of fluids immediately before spinal anesthesia (preload) is normal practice. The choice of fluid type may affect drug distribution as well as the duration and level of the block.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We examined whether preloads of normal saline, Ringer, or hydroxyethyl starch has different effects on the time it takes to reach maximum block, and the distribution and duration of spinal block level.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a randomized trial and the 150 patients selected were evenly divided into three groups and given; normal saline, Ringer, or hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4f luids. Preload was given at 10 mL/kg for the normal saline and Ringer groups, and 5 mL/kg for the hydroxyethyl starch group, 10 min before the spinal anesthesia. Sensory block levels were recorded every 5 min until 30 min after spinal anesthesia and then at 60 and 90 min. Time taken to reach maximum and median sensory block, maximum and median level of block, duration of block, and hemodynamic status were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no statistically significant differences in the demographic characteristics between the three groups. Maximum block was higher in normal saline compared to Ringer (P = 0.029). Time taken to reach maximum block was greater in Ringer compared to both normal saline (P = 0.001) and hydroxyethyl starch (P = 0.003). Normal saline had a longer duration of sensory block T10 compared to Ringer and hydroxyethyl starch (P = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preload fluids have an impact on the level, distribution and duration of sensory block in spinal block. Of the three fluids, normal saline produced the greatest maximum and longest duration of block, whereas time taken to reach maximum block was longer in the Ringer group.
authors: Anesthesiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Elham
authors: E
authors: Memary
authors: Anesthesiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Alireza
authors: A
authors: Mirkheshti
authors: Anesthesiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Morteza
authors: M
authors: Jabbari Moghaddam
authors: Anesthesiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Dariush
authors: D
authors: Abtahi
authors: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Mehdi
authors: M
authors: Yaseri
authors: Anesthesiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Farnaz
authors: F
authors: Kamali
keywords: Anesthesia; HES 130-0.4; Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives; Spinal