title: Effects of propylene glycol alginate and sucrose esters on the physicochemical properties of modified starch-stabilized beverage emulsions.
abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of main emulsion components namely, modified starch, propylene glycol alginate (PGA), sucrose laurate and sucrose stearate on creaming index, cloudiness, average droplet size and conductivity of soursop beverage emulsions. Generally, the use of different emulsifiers or a mixture of emulsifiers has a significant (p < 0.05) effect on the response variables studied. The addition of PGA had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on the creaming index at 55 °C, while PGA-stabilized (PGA1) emulsions showed low creaming stability at both 25 °C and 55 °C. Conversely, the utilization of PGA either as a mixture or sole emulsifier, showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher cloudiness, as larger average droplet size will affect the refractive index of the oil and aqueous phases. Additionally, the cloudiness was directly proportional to the mean droplet size of the dispersed phase. The inclusion of PGA into the formulation could have disrupted the properties of the interfacial film, thus resulting in larger droplet size. While unadsorbed ionized PGA could have contributed to higher conductivity of emulsions prepared at low pH. Generally, emulsions prepared using sucrose monoesters or as a mixture with modified starch emulsions have significantly (p < 0.05) lower creaming index and conductivity values, but higher cloudiness and average droplet size.
authors: Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia. CheongKokWhye@imu.edu.my.
authors: Kok Whye
authors: KW
authors: Cheong
authors: Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia. hamedmi@upm.edu.my.
authors: Hamed
authors: H
authors: Mirhosseini
authors: School of Applied Sciences, AUT University, 34 St. Paul Street, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. nazimah.hamid@aut.ac.nz.
authors: Nazimah Sheikh Abdul
authors: NS
authors: Hamid
authors: Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia. azosman@upm.edu.my.
authors: Azizah
authors: A
authors: Osman
authors: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia. mahiran@upm.edu.my.
authors: Mahiran
authors: M
authors: Basri
authors: Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia. tancp@upm.edu.my.
authors: Chin Ping
authors: CP
authors: Tan
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry*; D031041:Annona / Q000378:metabolism*; D001628:Beverages; D045703:Emulsifying Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D004655:Emulsions / Q000737:chemistry; D013213:Starch / Q000737:chemistry*; D013395:Sucrose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D045703:Emulsifying Agents; D004655:Emulsions; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; C018152:sucrose monolaurate; C038550:propylene glycol alginate ester; C018153:sucrose monostearate; D013395:Sucrose; D013213:Starch