title: The Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor KRP6 Induces Mitosis and Impairs Cytokinesis in Giant Cells Induced by Plant-Parasitic Nematodes in Arabidopsis.
abstract: In Arabidopsis thaliana, seven cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors have been identified, designated interactors of CDKs or Kip-related proteins (KRPs). Here, the function of KRP6 was investigated during cell cycle progression in roots infected by plant-parasitic root-knot nematodes. Contrary to expectations, analysis of Meloidogyne incognita-induced galls of KRP6-overexpressing lines revealed a role for this particular KRP as an activator of the mitotic cell cycle. In accordance, KRP6-overexpressing suspension cultures displayed accelerated entry into mitosis, but delayed mitotic progression. Likewise, phenotypic analysis of cultured cells and nematode-induced giant cells revealed a failure in mitotic exit, with the appearance of multinucleated cells as a consequence. Strong KRP6 expression upon nematode infection and the phenotypic resemblance between KRP6 overexpression cell cultures and root-knot morphology point toward the involvement of KRP6 in the multinucleate and acytokinetic state of giant cells. Along these lines, the parasite might have evolved to manipulate plant KRP6 transcription to the benefit of gall establishment.
authors: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR 1355 ISA/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7254 ISA/Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UMR ISA, 400 route des Chappes, 06903 Sophia-Antipolis, France.
authors: Paulo
authors: P
authors: Vieira
authors: Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 9052 Gent, Belgium Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium.
authors: Annelies
authors: A
authors: De Clercq
authors: Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 9052 Gent, Belgium Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium.
authors: Hilde
authors: H
authors: Stals
authors: Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 9052 Gent, Belgium Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium.
authors: Jelle
authors: J
authors: Van Leene
authors: Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 9052 Gent, Belgium Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium.
authors: Eveline
authors: E
authors: Van De Slijke
authors: Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 9052 Gent, Belgium Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium.
authors: Gert
authors: G
authors: Van Isterdael
authors: Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 9052 Gent, Belgium Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium.
authors: Dominique
authors: D
authors: Eeckhout
authors: Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 9052 Gent, Belgium Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium.
authors: Geert
authors: G
authors: Persiau
authors: Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 9052 Gent, Belgium Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium.
authors: Daniël
authors: D
authors: Van Damme
authors: Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 9052 Gent, Belgium Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium.
authors: Aurine
authors: A
authors: Verkest
authors: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR 1355 ISA/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7254 ISA/Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UMR ISA, 400 route des Chappes, 06903 Sophia-Antipolis, France Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 9052 Gent, Belgium Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium Laboratório de Interação Molecular Planta-Praga, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, 70770-900 Distrito Federal, Brazil Institut de Biologie des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 8618, Université Paris-Sud, Saclay Plant Sciences, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France.
authors: José Dijair
authors: JD
authors: Antonino de Souza
authors: Laboratório de Interação Molecular Planta-Praga, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, 70770-900 Distrito Federal, Brazil.
authors: Júnior
authors: Institut de Biologie des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 8618, Université Paris-Sud, Saclay Plant Sciences, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France.
authors: Nathalie
authors: N
authors: Glab
authors: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR 1355 ISA/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7254 ISA/Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UMR ISA, 400 route des Chappes, 06903 Sophia-Antipolis, France.
authors: Pierre
authors: P
authors: Abad
authors: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR 1355 ISA/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7254 ISA/Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UMR ISA, 400 route des Chappes, 06903 Sophia-Antipolis, France.
authors: Gilbert
authors: G
authors: Engler
authors: Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 9052 Gent, Belgium Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium.
authors: Dirk
authors: D
authors: Inzé
authors: Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 9052 Gent, Belgium Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium.
authors: Lieven
authors: L
authors: De Veylder
authors: Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 9052 Gent, Belgium Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium.
authors: Geert
authors: G
authors: De Jaeger
authors: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR 1355 ISA/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7254 ISA/Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UMR ISA, 400 route des Chappes, 06903 Sophia-Antipolis, France janice.almeida-engler@sophia.inra.fr.
authors: Janice de Almeida
authors: JD
authors: Engler