title: Red ginseng ameliorates acute cisplatin-induced nephropathy.
abstract: Korean red ginseng is one of the traditional herbal medicines most widely used in China, Korea, and Japan. To determine whether Korean red ginseng extract can mitigate acute renal nephropathy, we examined its renoprotective effects in a model of cisplatin-induced acute renal failure in Sprague Dawley rats. Korean red ginseng was administered to rats by oral gavage once a day at doses of 100, 300, or 500 mg/kg for 28 days. On day 23, the animals received an intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (5 mg/kg) to induce acute renal failure. Body weight gain, urine volume, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine concentrations, and expression of p53 were measured. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end-labeling was used to analyze apoptosis. Kidney tissues from the control and experimental groups were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for inflammatory cytokines and histopathological examination. To identify the mechanism responsible for the renoprotective effects of Korean red ginseng, we measured malondialdehyde concentration as an end product of lipid peroxidation and the activities of the antioxidants superoxide dismutase and glutathione. Korean red ginseng significantly decreased the levels of indicators of renal dysfunction, inflammatory cytokine expression, apoptosis, and malondialdehyde content in the kidney and also significantly attenuated the histopathological changes associated with acute renal failure. These findings suggest that Korean red ginseng has renoprotective effects against cisplatin-induced acute renal failure by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.
authors: Department of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors: Young-Jung
authors: YJ
authors: Kim
authors: Herbal Medicine Formulation Research Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors: Mee-Young
authors: MY
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors: Hwa-Young
authors: HY
authors: Son
authors: Department of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors: Bae-Keun
authors: BK
authors: Park
authors: Department of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors: Si-Yun
authors: SY
authors: Ryu
authors: Department of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors: Ju-Young
authors: JY
authors: Jung
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D029001:Herbal Medicine; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D005894:Panax / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D003404:Creatinine; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione; D002945:Cisplatin