title: Immune parameters in the intestine of wild and reared unvaccinated and vaccinated Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.).
abstract: Forming a barrier to the outside world, the gut mucosa faces the challenge of absorbing nutrients and fluids while initiating immune reactions towards potential pathogens. As a continuation to our previous publication focusing on the regional intestinal morphology in wild caught post smolt and spawning Atlantic salmon, we here investigate selected immune parameters and compare wild, reared unvaccinated and vaccinated post smolts. We observed highest transcript levels for most immune-related genes in vaccinated post smolts followed by reared unvaccinated and finally wild post smolts, indicating that farming conditions like commercial feed and vaccination might contribute to a more alerted immune system in the gut. In all groups, higher levels of immune transcripts were observed in the second segment of mid-intestine and in the posterior segment. In the life stages and conditions investigated here, we found no indication of a previously suggested population of intestinal T cells expressing MHC class II nor RAG1 expression.
authors: Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: guro.lokka@nmbu.no.
authors: Guro
authors: G
authors: Løkka
authors: Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: lars.austbo@nmbu.no.
authors: Lars
authors: L
authors: Austbø
authors: Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: knut.falk@vetinst.no.
authors: Knut
authors: K
authors: Falk
authors: Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, MA, USA. Electronic address: erin.bromage@umassd.edu.
authors: Erin
authors: E
authors: Bromage
authors: Institute of Marine Research, Matre Research Station, Matredal, Norway. Electronic address: pergf@imr.no.
authors: Per Gunnar
authors: PG
authors: Fjelldal
authors: Institute of Marine Research, Matre Research Station, Matredal, Norway. Electronic address: tomh@imr.no.
authors: Tom
authors: T
authors: Hansen
authors: Department of Biology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. Electronic address: Ivar.Hordvik@bio.uib.no.
authors: Ivar
authors: I
authors: Hordvik
authors: Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: erling.o.koppang@nmbu.no.
authors: Erling Olaf
authors: EO
authors: Koppang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017756:Aquaculture; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000662:veterinary*; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000276:immunology; D007422:Intestines / Q000276:immunology; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020317:Salmo salar / Q000254:growth & development; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D017252:CD3 Complex; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D007136:Immunoglobulins; C064658:RAG-1 protein
keywords: Feed; Gastrointestinal tract; Immune-related genes; Mucosa; Teleost; Vaccine