title: Age and sex based reference values for incidental coronary artery and thoracic aorta calcifications on routine clinical chest CT: a powerful tool to appreciate available imaging findings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish age and gender specific reference values for incidental coronary artery and thoracic aorta calcification scores on routine diagnostic CT scans. These reference values can aid in structured reporting and interpretation of readily available imaging data by chest CT readers in routine practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  A random sample of 1572 (57% male, median age 61 years) was taken from a study population of 12,063 subjects who underwent diagnostic chest CT for non-cardiovascular indications between January 2002 and December 2005. Coronary artery and thoracic aorta calcifications were graded using a validated ordinal score. The 25th, 50th and 75th percentile cut points were calculated for the coronary artery and thoracic aorta calcification scores within each age/gender stratum.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 75th percentile cut points for coronary artery calcification scores were higher for men than for women across all age groups, with the exception of the lowest age group. The 75th percentile cut points for thoracic aorta calcifications scores were comparable for both genders across all age groups. Based on the obtained age and gender reference values a calculation tool is provided, that allows one to enter an individual's age, gender and calcification scores to obtain the corresponding estimated percentiles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The calculation tool as provided in this study can be used in daily practice by CT readers to examine whether a subject has high calcifications scores relative to others with the same age and gender.
authors: Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Electronic address: p.jairam@umcutrecht.nl.
authors: Pushpa M
authors: PM
authors: Jairam
authors: Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors: Pim A
authors: PA
authors: de Jong
authors: Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors: Willem P Th M
authors: WP
authors: Mali
authors: Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors: Martijn J A
authors: MJ
authors: Gondrie
authors: Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors: Peter C A
authors: PC
authors: Jacobs
authors: Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors: Yolanda
authors: Y
authors: van der Graaf
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D033162:Incidental Findings; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D061205:Vascular Calcification / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
keywords: Computed tomography; Coronary artery calcifications; Reference values; Thoracic aorta calcifications