title: Ostreid herpesvirus 1 infection among Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) Spat: relevance of water temperature to virus replication and circulation prior to the onset of mortality.
abstract: A number of bivalve species worldwide, including the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, have been affected by mass mortality events associated with herpesviruses, resulting in significant losses. A particular herpesvirus was purified from naturally infected larval Pacific oysters, and its genome was completely sequenced. This virus has been classified as Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) within the family Malacoherpesviridae. Since 2008, mass mortality outbreaks among C. gigas in Europe have been related to the detection of a variant of OsHV-1 called μVar. Additional data are necessary to better describe mortality events in relation to environmental-parameter fluctuations and OsHV-1 detection. For this purpose, a single batch of Pacific oyster spat was deployed in 4 different locations in the Marennes-Oleron area (France): an oyster pond ("claire"), a shellfish nursery, and two locations in the field. Mortality rates were recorded based on regular observation, and samples were collected to search for and quantify OsHV-1 DNA by real-time PCR. Although similar massive mortality rates were reported at the 4 sites, mortality was detected earlier in the pond and in the nursery than at both field sites. This difference may be related to earlier increases in water temperature. Mass mortality was observed among oysters a few days after increases in the number of PCR-positive oysters and viral-DNA amounts were recorded. An initial increment in the number of PCR-positive oysters was reported at both field sites during the survey in the absence of significant mortality. During this period, the water temperature was below 16°C.
authors: Ifremer, Unité Santé Génétique et Microbiologie des Mollusques (SG2M), Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie des Mollusques Marins (LGPMM), La Tremblade, France Tristan.Renault@ifremer.fr.
authors: Tristan
authors: T
authors: Renault
authors: Centre Régional Expérimentation et Application Aquacole (CREAA), Prise de Terdoux, Le Château d'Oléron, France.
authors: Anne Lise
authors: AL
authors: Bouquet
authors: Centre Régional Expérimentation et Application Aquacole (CREAA), Prise de Terdoux, Le Château d'Oléron, France.
authors: Julien-Thomas
authors: JT
authors: Maurice
authors: Ifremer, Unité Santé Génétique et Microbiologie des Mollusques (SG2M), Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie des Mollusques Marins (LGPMM), La Tremblade, France.
authors: Coralie
authors: C
authors: Lupo
authors: Centre Régional Expérimentation et Application Aquacole (CREAA), Prise de Terdoux, Le Château d'Oléron, France.
authors: Philippe
authors: P
authors: Blachier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049896:Crassostrea / Q000821:virology*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005602:France; D006564:Herpesviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013696:Temperature; D019562:Viral Load; D014779:Virus Replication; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D014867:Water