title: Human aqueous humor levels of TGF- β2: relationship with axial length.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the relationship between transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF- β 2) levels in the anterior chamber aqueous humor and axial length of patients with myopia.
  
  
  METHODS
  TGF- β 2 was measured with the Luminex xMAP Technology by using commercially available Milliplex xMAP Kits. Sixty-five aqueous humor samples were collected during cataract or clear lens extraction surgery and TGF- β 2 levels in these specimens were analyzed. According to the axial length, the samples were divided into three groups: A (AL ≤ 24 mm), B (24 ~ 29 mm), and C (AL ≥ 29 mm).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Aqueous humor samples were analyzed from subjects with an average age of 67.0 ± 11.7 years. Mean TGF- β 2 concentration of all aqueous samples was 422.2 ± 258.8 pg/mL. TGF- β 2 concentration in group C (543 ± 317 pg/mL) was significantly greater than that in group A (390 ± 212 pg/mL) and group B (337 ± 217 pg/mL). The concentration of TGF- β 2 was positively correlated with axial length (r = 0.308, P = 0.013).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TGF- β 2 is likely to be acting as a critical factor in axial elongation and development of myopia.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China.
authors: Yan
authors: 0000-0002-1555-0502
authors: Y
authors: Jia
authors: Departments of Ophthalmology and Pathology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY 10003, USA.
authors: Dan-Ning
authors: 0000-0002-7046-8739
authors: DN
authors: Hu
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China.
authors: Jibo
authors: J
authors: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D058452:Axial Length, Eye / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005136:Eye Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009216:Myopia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005136:Eye Proteins; C509041:TGFB2 protein, human; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2