title: Regulation of NF-κB by TNF family cytokines.
abstract: The NF-κB family of inducible transcription factors is activated in response to a variety of stimuli. Amongst the best-characterized inducers of NF-κB are members of the TNF family of cytokines. Research on NF-κB and TNF have been tightly intertwined for more than 25 years. Perhaps the most compelling examples of the interconnectedness of NF-κB and the TNF have come from analysis of knock-out mice that are unable to activate NF-κB. Such mice die embryonically, however, deletion of TNF or TNFR1 can rescue the lethality thereby illustrating the important role of NF-κB as the key regulator of transcriptional responses to TNF. The physiological connections between NF-κB and TNF cytokines are numerous and best explored in articles focusing on a single TNF family member. Instead, in this review, we explore general mechanisms of TNF cytokine signaling, with a focus on the upstream signaling events leading to activation of the so-called canonical and noncanonical NF-κB pathways by TNFR1 and CD40, respectively.
authors: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University, College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Dermatology, Columbia University, College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address: mh3046@columbia.edu.
authors: Matthew S
authors: MS
authors: Hayden
authors: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University, College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address: sg2715@columbia.edu.
authors: Sankar
authors: S
authors: Ghosh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019013:CD40 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019013:CD40 Antigens; D016328:NF-kappa B; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
keywords: CD40; IKK; Inflammation; NF-kappaB; Signaling; TNF