title: Reference gene selection for quantitative real-time RT-PCR normalization in Iris. lactea var. chinensis roots under cadmium, lead, and salt stress conditions.
abstract: Quantitative real time PCR (RT-qPCR) has emerged as an accurate and sensitive method to measure the gene expression. However, obtaining reliable result depends on the selection of reference genes which normalize differences among samples. In this study, we assessed the expression stability of seven reference genes, namely, ubiquitin-protein ligase UBC9 (UBC), tubulin alpha-5 (TUBLIN), eukaryotic translation initiation factor (EIF-5A), translation elongation factor EF1A (EF1 α ), translation elongation factor EF1B (EF1b), actin11 (ACTIN), and histone H3 (HIS), in Iris. lactea var. chinensis (I. lactea var. chinensis) root when the plants were subjected to cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and salt stress conditions. All seven reference genes showed a relatively wide range of threshold cycles (C t ) values in different samples. GeNorm and NormFinder algorithms were used to assess the suitable reference genes. The results from the two software units showed that EIF-5A and UBC were the most stable reference genes across all of the tested samples, while TUBLIN was unsuitable as internal controls. I. lactea var. chinensis is tolerant to Cd, Pb, and salt. Our results will benefit future research on gene expression in response to the three abiotic stresses.
authors: Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China.
authors: Chun-Sun
authors: CS
authors: Gu
authors: College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210014, China.
authors: Liang-qin
authors: LQ
authors: Liu
authors: College of Landscape Architecture Profiles, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210014, China.
authors: Chen
authors: C
authors: Xu
authors: Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China.
authors: Yan-hai
authors: YH
authors: Zhao
authors: College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210014, China.
authors: Xu-dong
authors: XD
authors: Zhu
authors: Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China.
authors: Su-Zhen
authors: SZ
authors: Huang
mesh_terms: D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D002681:China; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007854:Lead / Q000633:toxicity*; D032125:Litchi / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000592:standards*; D012016:Reference Values; D054712:Salinity; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D002104:Cadmium; D007854:Lead