title: High expression and frequently humoral immune response of melanoma-associated antigen D4 in glioma.
abstract: MAGE-D4 is a novel member of MAGE super-family. It has preliminarily been demonstrated that MAGE-D4 mRNA is not expressed in majority of normal tissues except for brain and ovary in which only trace amount of MAGE-D4 mRNA can be detected, but predominantly expressed in glioma. MAGE-D4 protein expression and its immunogenicity in glioma have not been elucidated well. This study was designed to analyze MAGE-D4 expression both at mRNA and protein level, characteristic of humoral immune response, and their relationships with glioma patients' clinicopathological parameters. Recombinant MAGE-D4 protein and antiserum were generated. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that MAGE-D4 mRNA expression was overall up-regulated in 41 glioma specimens compared with that in 14 normal brain tissues. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that 78% (21/27) glioma tissues expressed MAGE-D4 protein, which was predominantly located in the cytoplasm of tumor cells, but absent in any neuroglia cell of normal brain tissues. ELISA analysis demonstrated that humoral response against MAGE-D4 was detected in 17% (7/41) of glioma patients' sera but not in 77 healthy donors. No apparent correlation was observed between the expression and immunogenicity of MAGE-D4 with clinicopathological parameters of glioma. In summary, these results indicate that MAGE-D4 is highly expressed in glioma and can develop specifically humoral response in glioma patients, which supports that it may be a promising biomarker for glioma diagnosis and immunotherapy.
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
authors: Shu-Jia
authors: SJ
authors: He
authors: Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
authors: Yong-Yao
authors: YY
authors: Gu
authors: Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
authors: Liang
authors: L
authors: Yu
authors: Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Pre-clinical Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
authors: Bin
authors: B
authors: Luo
authors: Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Pre-clinical Medicine, Guangxi Chinese Medicine University Nanning 530001, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
authors: Rong
authors: R
authors: Fan
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
authors: Wen-Zhen
authors: WZ
authors: Lin
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
authors: Xiu-Wan
authors: XW
authors: Lan
authors: Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Pre-clinical Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
authors: Yong-Da
authors: YD
authors: Lin
authors: Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Pre-clinical Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
authors: Qing-Mei
authors: QM
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
authors: Shao-Wen
authors: SW
authors: Xiao
authors: Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Pre-clinical Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
authors: Xiao-Xun
authors: XX
authors: Xie
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D001706:Biopsy; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D005910:Glioma / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015854:Up-Regulation; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; C120897:MAGED1 protein, human; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger
keywords: Glioma; gene expression; immunogenicity; melanoma-associated antigen D4; tumor antigen