title: Comparison between liquid and solid acids catalysts on reducing sugars conversion from furfural residues via pretreatments.
abstract: Liquid sulphuric acid is adopted and compared with carbon-based sulfonated solid acids (coal tar-based and active carbon-based) for furfural residues conversion into reducing sugars. The optimum hydrolysis conditions of liquid acid are at 4% of sulphuric acid, 25:1 of liquid and solid ratio, 175°C of reaction temperature and 120 min of reaction time. The reducing sugar yields are reached over 60% on liquid acid via NaOH/H2O2, NaOH/microwave and NaOH/ultrasonic pretreatments, whereas only over 30% on solid acids. The TOFs (turnover number frequency) via NaOH/H2O2 pretreatments are 0.093, 0.020 and 0.023 h(-1) for liquid sulphuric acid, coal tar-based and active carbon-based solid acids catalysts, respectively. Considering the efficiency, cost and environment factors, the liquid and solid acids have their own advantages of potential commercial application values.
authors: State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Natural Gas Conversion, College of Chemistry, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
authors: Keying
authors: K
authors: Lin
authors: State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Natural Gas Conversion, College of Chemistry, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China. Electronic address: bjma@nxu.edu.cn.
authors: Baojun
authors: B
authors: Ma
authors: State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Natural Gas Conversion, College of Chemistry, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
authors: Yuan
authors: Y
authors: Sun
authors: State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Natural Gas Conversion, College of Chemistry, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
authors: Wanyi
authors: W
authors: Liu
mesh_terms: D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000737:chemistry*; D002384:Catalysis / Q000187:drug effects; D005662:Furaldehyde / Q000378:metabolism*; D006868:Hydrolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D013464:Sulfuric Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D013464:Sulfuric Acids; D005662:Furaldehyde; C033158:sulfuric acid
keywords: Furfural residues; Liquid acid; Pretreatment; Reducing sugars; Solid acid