title: Prevalence, risk factors and disease knowledge of breast cancer in Pakistan.
abstract: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in females all over the world with approximately one million new cases each year as well as one of second leading causes of death among females. In Pakistan, the most frequently diagnosed cancer among females is also breast cancer, accounting for nearly one in nine female patients. Its incidence in Pakistan is 2.5 times higher than that in neighboring countries like Iran and India. The risk factors associated with breast cancer are age, family history, early menarche, intake of combined estrogen and progestin menopausal hormones, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, low socioeconomic status and lack of awareness regarding the disease. This mini-review article aims to provide awareness about breast cancer as well as an updated knowledge about the prevalence, risk factors and disease knowledge of breast cancer in Pakistan.
authors: Department of Eastern Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Poonch, Rawalakot, Pakistan E-mail : doctor.asif@yahoo.com.
authors: Hafiz Muhammad
authors: HM
authors: Asif
authors: Sabira
authors: S
authors: Sultana
authors: Naveed
authors: N
authors: Akhtar
authors: Jalil Ur
authors: JU
authors: Rehman
authors: Riaz Ur
authors: RU
authors: Rehman
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D010154:Pakistan / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors