title: Anterior knee pain in the athlete.
abstract: Given that the patellofemoral joint is one of the most highly loaded in the human body, the high prevalence of anterior knee pain (AKP) in athletes is unsurprising. Athletes with AKP present a significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. A clear understanding of the etiology of patellofemoral pain in this population is essential in guiding a focused history and physical examination, and achieving an appropriate diagnosis and treatment approach. This clinical review provides an assessment framework and a guide for neuromuscular function testing, and an overview of the causes and treatments of AKP in this challenging patient population.
authors.affiliation: Banff Sport Medicine, PO Box 1300, Banff, Alberta T1L 1B3, Canada; Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada. Electronic address: hiemstra@banffsportmed.ca.
authors.forename: Laurie Anne
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Hiemstra
authors.affiliation: Banff Sport Medicine, PO Box 1300, Banff, Alberta T1L 1B3, Canada; Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alberta, 8205 114 Street, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G4, Canada.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kerslake
authors.affiliation: Banff Sport Medicine, PO Box 1300, Banff, Alberta T1L 1B3, Canada.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Irving
mesh_terms: D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D046788:Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy
keywords: Anterior knee pain; Muscle strength; Patellofemoral kinematics; Patellofemoral pain; Quadriceps