title: Radiological characterization of tap waters in Croatia and the age dependent dose assessment.
abstract: Activity concentrations of (234)U, (238)U, (226)Ra, (228)Ra, (210)Po and (210)Pb in tap waters, originating from various geological regions of Croatia, were determined. Activity concentrations of measured radionuclides are in general decreasing in this order: (238)U≈(234)U>(228)Ra≈(210)Pb>(226)Ra≈(210)Po. Based on the radionuclide activity concentrations average total annual internal doses for infants, children and adults, as well as contribution of each particular radionuclide to total dose, were assessed and discussed. The highest doses were calculated for infants, which makes them the most critical group of population. All values for each population group were well below the recommended reference dose level (RDL) of 0.1mSv from one year's consumption of drinking water according to European Commission recommendations from 1998. Contribution of each particular radionuclide to total doses varied among different age groups but for each group the lowest contribution was found for (226)Ra and the highest for (228)Ra.
authors.affiliation: Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka cesta 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; Environment Laboratories, International Atomic Energy Agency, 4 Quai Antoine 1er, MC 98000, Monaco. Electronic address: rozmar@irb.hr.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rožmarić
authors.affiliation: Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka cesta 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: Matea
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rogić
authors.affiliation: Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Ljudmila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Benedik
authors.affiliation: Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka cesta 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: Delko
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Barišić
authors.affiliation: Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Planinšek
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D017523:Croatia; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D011059:Polonium / Q000032:analysis; D011834:Radiation Monitoring; D011883:Radium / Q000032:analysis; D013051:Spectrometry, Gamma; D014501:Uranium / Q000032:analysis; D014875:Water Pollutants, Radioactive / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D060766:Drinking Water; D014875:Water Pollutants, Radioactive; D014501:Uranium; D011059:Polonium; D011883:Radium
keywords: Age groups; Dose assessment; Natural radionuclides; Tap water