title: False human immunodeficiency virus test results associated with rheumatoid factors in rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate if immunological factors associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affect the result of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) screening by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
  
  
  METHODS
  100 RA cases were enrolled from January 2012 to February 2013 into this study. HIV screening was conducted with ECLIA detecting both HIV-1 p24 antigen, HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies, with ELISA and colloidal gold method detecting HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies. The samples producing positive results were submitted to the Center for Disease Control for confirmation using Western blotting method. The antibody titers of rheumatoid factors (RF) including RF-IgG, RF-IgM, RF-IgA, and CCP-IgG were analyzed by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The HIV positive-rate determined by ECLIA was significantly higher than that by ELISA and colloidal gold method (P<0.01). The false-positive rate of HIV screening was associated with antibody titers of RF-IgG, RF-IgM, RF-IgA, and CCP-IgG in RA (P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Immunological factors, including RF and anti-CCP antibody, may influence the screening of HIV by ECLIA, producing false-positive result.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Center, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai 200052, China.
authors.forename: Yun-Chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Center, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai 200052, China.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Center, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai 200052, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Yun
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Center, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai 200052, China.
authors.forename: Zhong-Jun
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Center, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai 200052, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Center, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai 200052, China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D015488:HIV Antigens / Q000097:blood; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012217:Rheumatoid Factor / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015483:HIV Antibodies; D015488:HIV Antigens; D012217:Rheumatoid Factor