title: Determination of herbicides and its metabolite in soil and water samples by capillary electrophoresis-laser induced fluorescence detection using microwave-assisted derivatization.
abstract: Methods were developed to determine glufosinate (GLUF), glyphosate (GLYP) and its metabolite, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) by capillary electrophoresis-laser induced fluorescence detection using 5-(4,6-dichlorotriazinylamino) fluorescein (DTAF) and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) as the derivatizing reagents. To accelerate the labeling speed, a microwave-assisted derivatization method was adopted. The derivatizing reaction time was reduced to 180 and 150 s for DTAF and FITC, whose reaction time for conventional labeling was 50 min and 5 h, respectively. The optimum separation conditions for derivatives were as follows: a back ground electrolyte (BGE) of 30 mmol L(-1) sodium tetraborate containing 15 mmol L(-1) brij-35, hydrodynamic injection 15 s and a 10 kV separation voltage. Under these conditions, the LODs (S/N = 3) for DTAF derivatives were 0.32, 0.19 and 0.15 nmol L(-1) for GLUF, GLYP, and AMPA, respectively. The LODs (S/N = 3) for FITC derivatives were 2.60, 3.88 and 2.42 nmol L(-1) for GLUF, GLYP, and AMPA, respectively. The applicability of the developed method was demonstrated by the detection of the above herbicides and metabolite in water and soil samples.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University.
authors.forename: Liwei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Siliu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Xiaofang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Jianxin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Meng
mesh_terms: D053801:Capillary Electrochromatography; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate; D005452:Fluoresceins; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000032:analysis; D006540:Herbicides / Q000032:analysis*; D007834:Lasers; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008872:Microwaves; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D014873:Water Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D005452:Fluoresceins; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006540:Herbicides; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014873:Water Pollutants; C039083:5-((4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino)fluorescein; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate