title: Differential Angiogenic Gene Expression in TP53 Wild-Type and Mutant Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Underlying mechanisms regulating angiogenesis in ovarian cancer have not been completely elucidated. Evidence suggests that the TP53 tumor suppressor pathway and tumor microenvironment play integral roles. We utilized microarray technology to study the interaction between TP53 mutational status and hypoxia on angiogenic gene expression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Affymetrix U133A arrays were analyzed for angiogenic gene expression in 19 ovarian cancer cell lines stratified both by TP53 mutation status and A2780 wild-type (wt) TP53 vs. mutated (m) TP53 cell lines after treatment under hypoxic conditions or with ionizing radiation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-eight differentially expressed angiogenic genes were identified in the mTP53 cell lines compared to wtTP53 lines. Five genes were upregulated in mTP53 cells: 40% involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation [matrix metalloproteinase 10 (MMP10)/15] and 60% in angiogenesis (fibroblast growth factor receptor 3/VEGFA/ephrin receptor-B4). Twenty-three genes were upregulated in wtTP53: nearly 22% were ECM constituents or involved in ECM degradation; over 40% were growth factors or mediators of angiogenesis. Five genes were upregulated in the A2780mTP53 cells: 40% involved in ECM remodeling (MMP10, ADAMTS1), 40% with pro-angiogenic activity (EFNB2, factor 2 receptor), and 20% with anti-angiogenic properties (ADAMTS1). Three genes were upregulated in hypoxia treated cells compared to controls: one with anti-angiogenic activity (angiopoietin-like 4) and two with pro-angiogenic activity (VEGFA, EFNA3). No significant gene fold changes were noted after exposure to radiation. Four genes continued to demonstrate significant differential expression (p ≤ 0.05) after adjusting for multiple comparisons. These genes included endoglin upregulation in wt lines (pro-angiogenesis) and upregulation of FGF20 (growth factor), ADAMTS1 (anti-angiogenesis) and MMP10 (ECM degradation) in mTP53 cell lines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our exploratory findings indicate that non-overlapping angiogenic pathways may be altered by TP53 mutations and hypoxic conditions in the tumor microenvironment. Further evaluation is needed for confirmation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute , Durham, NC , USA.
authors.forename: Brittany Anne
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute , Durham, NC , USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Rubatt
authors.affiliation: Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC , USA.
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Corcoran
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute , Durham, NC , USA.
authors.forename: Deanna K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Teoh
authors.affiliation: Gynecology Oncology, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre , Toronto, ON , Canada.
authors.forename: Marcus Q
authors.initials: MQ
authors.lastname: Bernardini
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute , Durham, NC , USA.
authors.forename: Lisa A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Grace
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute , Durham, NC , USA.
authors.forename: William John
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Soper
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute , Durham, NC , USA.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berchuck
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC , USA.
authors.forename: Sharareh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Siamakpour-Reihani
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC , USA.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC , USA.
authors.forename: Kouros
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Owzar
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute , Durham, NC , USA.
authors.forename: Susan K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute , Durham, NC , USA.
authors.forename: Angeles Alvarez
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Secord
keywords: TP53; VEGF; angiogenesis; hypoxia; ovarian carcinoma