title: Increasing vitamin A in post-weaning diets reduces food intake and body weight and modifies gene expression in brains of male rats born to dams fed a high multivitamin diet.
abstract: High multivitamin gestational diets (HV, 10-fold AIN-93G levels) increase body weight (BW) and food intake (FI) in rat offspring weaned to a recommended multivitamin (RV), but not to a HV diet. We hypothesized that high vitamin A (HA) alone, similar to HV, in post-weaning diets would prevent these effects of the HV maternal diet consistent with gene expression in FI and reward pathways. Male offspring from dams fed HV diets were weaned to a high vitamin A (HA, 10-fold AIN-93G levels), HV or RV diet for 29 weeks. BW, FI, expression of genes involved in regulation of FI and reward and global and gene-specific DNA methylation of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) in the hypothalamus were measured. Both HV and HA diets slowed post-weaning weight gain and modified gene expression in offspring compared to offspring fed an RV post-weaning diet. Hypothalamic POMC expression in HA offspring was not different from either HV or RV, and dopamine receptor 1 was 30% (P<.05) higher in HA vs. HV, but not different from RV group. Hippocampal expression of serotonin receptor 1A (40%, P<.01), dopamine receptor 2 (40%, P<.05) and dopamine receptor 5 (70%, P<.0001) was greater in HA vs. RV fed pups and is 40% (P<.01), 50% (P<.05) and 40% (P<.0001) in HA vs. HV pups, respectively. POMC DNA methylation was lower in HA vs. RV offspring (P<.05). We conclude that high vitamin A in post-weaning diets reduces post-weaning weight gain and FI and modifies gene expression in FI and reward pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Hernández
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Clara E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Ruslan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kubant
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Sandra A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Reza-López
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Abraham N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Poon
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Jingzhou
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Pedro S P
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Huot
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Christopher E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: harvey.anderson@utoronto.ca.
authors.forename: G Harvey
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Anderson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000187:drug effects; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015870:Gene Expression; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D011333:Pro-Opiomelanocortin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D064167:Recommended Dietary Allowances; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014815:Vitamins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014886:Weaning; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D014815:Vitamins; D014801:Vitamin A; D011333:Pro-Opiomelanocortin
keywords: Epigenetics; Gene expression; Hippocampus; Hypothalamus; Obesity; Vitamin A