title: Biohydrogenation of C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids by anaerobic bacteria.
abstract: The PUFAs include many bioactive lipids. The microbial metabolism of C18 PUFAs is known to produce their bioactive isomers, such as conjugated FAs and hydroxy FAs, but there is little information on that of C20 PUFAs. In this study, we aimed to obtain anaerobic bacteria with the ability to produce novel PUFAs from C20 PUFAs. Through the screening of ∼100 strains of anaerobic bacteria, Clostridium bifermentans JCM 1386 was selected as a strain with the ability to saturate PUFAs during anaerobic cultivation. This strain converted arachidonic acid (cis-5,cis-8,cis-11,cis-14-eicosatetraenoic acid) and EPA (cis-5,cis-8,cis-11,cis-14,cis-17-EPA) into cis-5,cis-8,trans-13-eicosatrienoic acid and cis-5,cis-8,trans-13,cis-17-eicosatetraenoic acid, giving yields of 57% and 67% against the added PUFAs, respectively. This is the first report of the isolation of a bacterium transforming C20 PUFAs into corresponding non-methylene-interrupted FAs. We further investigated the substrate specificity of the biohydrogenation by this strain and revealed that it can convert two cis double bonds at the ω6 and ω9 positions in various C18 and C20 PUFAs into a trans double bond at the ω7 position. This study should serve to open up the development of novel potentially bioactive PUFAs.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Haruko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakurama
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan Laboratory of Fermentation Physiology and Applied Microbiology, Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigenobu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kishino
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Fermentation Physiology and Applied Microbiology, Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Kousuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mihara
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Fermentation Physiology and Applied Microbiology, Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan Research Unit for Physiological Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Akinori
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kita
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Satomi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Fermentation Physiology and Applied Microbiology, Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Sakayu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Fermentation Physiology and Applied Microbiology, Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ogawa
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D046971:Paraclostridium bifermentans / Q000378:metabolism*; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D006865:Hydrogenation; D008041:Linoleic Acids / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008041:Linoleic Acids; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid
keywords: arachidonic acid; conjugated fatty acid; diet and dietary lipids; eicosapentaenoic acid; fatty acid/metabolism; lipids/chemistry; non-methylene-interrupted fatty acids; omega-3 fatty acids