title: Endometriosis and ovarian cancer: clinical and molecular aspects.
abstract: Endometriosis is one of the most commonly encountered benign problems in gynecology. Even though endometriosis appears to predispose to ovarian cancer the progression from atypical epithelial proliferation (atypical endometriosis and metaplasia), to the formation of well-defined borderline tumors and finally to endometrioid ovarian cancer will take several years. To elaborate on the concept of endometriosis as a precursor of some types of ovarian cancer, we present an overview of the pathophysiological and genetic characteristics, common in those two conditions. Furthermore, we present the genetic mutations found in ovarian cancers and we outline the common genetic alterations of endometriosis and ovarian cancer, focusing on the PI3K/Akt/mTOR-signaling pathway.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Athens Medical School Aretaieion Hospital, Athens, Greece - thani_pavlidou@yahoo.gr.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pavlidou
authors.forename: N F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Vlahos
mesh_terms: D002277:Carcinoma / Q000473:pathology; D018269:Carcinoma, Endometrioid / Q000473:pathology; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics; D018450:Disease Progression; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D042822:Genomic Instability; D006801:Humans; D018199:Mixed Tumor, Mesodermal / Q000473:pathology; D009154:Mutation; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D009857:Oncogenes; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment
chemical_list: D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011494:Protein Kinases