title: [Occurrence of cesarean section and related factors in 40 counties of China from 1978 to 2010].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To find out the occurrence of cesarean section (CS) and related factors among child-bearing women in China.
  
  
  METHODS
  The survey was conducted during October, 2010 in 40 counties selected from 30 provinces. Size proportional sampling method was employed in sampling. A face to face questionnaire investigation was conducted among 8 420 women who experienced pregnancies from 1978 to 2010. Information on demographic characteristics, history of pregnancy and birth were obtained, and related factors of CS occurrence were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 11 440 living births have been given by 8 420 women, and 1 725 CS happened. As the time goes on, there is a growing trend of CS occurrence, from 2.0% (14/701) in 1978-1985 to 36.6% (813/2 224) in 2006-2010, and there is a most fast increase from 2001 to 2010. CS rate in Mid-China (42.3%, 257/608) is the highest from 2006 to 2010. And also, the rate of CS requested by the pregnant women or their family members was increasing year by year, from 14.3% (2/14) in 1978-1985 to 43.7% (255/813) in 2006-2010. Women who were above 25 years old (21.4%, 960/4 485) , with an education degree of high school or above (24.5%, 568/2 317), engaged in nonagricultural work (22.4%, 663/2 956), living in eastern provinces of China (18.6%, 757/4 074), fetal malposition (45.4%, 247/544) , with a heavier birth weight(4 000 gram or above) (36.5%, 175/479) , have accepted B ultrasound exam (18.8%, 1 633/8 687) with an increasing of blood pressure (28.0%, 172/614) and convulsion experiences (24.8%, 131/528) during pregnancy were more likely to have CS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CS rate among child-bearing women in China was rather high, and was related with factors of demographic characteristics(age of childbearing, education, vocation, residence) and some medical factors(neonatal weight, having accepted B ultrasound exam, fetal malposition, an increase of blood pressure and convulsions during pregnancy).
authors.affiliation: National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100101, China.
authors.forename: Xiaobo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Email: 590@chinawch.org.cn.
authors.forename: Jiuling
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100101, China.
authors.forename: Bohua
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Jianan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qi
mesh_terms: D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000706:statistics & numerical data* / Q000639:trends*; D002681:China; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires