title: Trans-nipple removal of fibro-glandular tissue in gynaecomastia surgery without additional scars: An innovative approach.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The established techniques that have been used to treat gynaecomastia are said to have relatively less patient satisfaction rate as they leave some visible scars or mild elevation over the nipple areola complex, resulting in aesthetically unsatisfactory results. Even the slightest elevation or smallest scar over nipple areola complex leave patients extremely self conscious and in a dilemma of having a second intervention to get rid of that blemish.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study is to achieve - A flat chest without adding a scar and with no chances of re-occurrence of the condition. This article suggests an innovative approach to address the problem.
  
  
  METHODS
  The author presents trans-nipple incision approach for the delivery of fibro-glandular tissue component following liposuction for maximum patient satisfaction. This method consists of a unique small criss-cross incision right on the nipple itself for retrieving any volume of tough fibro-glandular tissues. Between the duration of January 2012 to October 2013, 28 male patients of different ages were operated with this technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The surgery resulted in well-shaped, symmetric chest contour without any visible elevation or additional scars on nipple areola complex. No complications were noticed in any of the patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presented technique is proved to have a high patient satisfaction rate and to be promising method to achieve good aesthetic results in gynaecomastia surgery.
authors.affiliation: Head of Plastic Surgery Unit, Sushrut Institute of Plastic Surgery (SIPS), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Mishra
keywords: Fibro-glandular tissue; gynaecomastia; innovative approach in gynaecomastia surgery; no additional scars; peri-areolar; trans-nipple