title: Heart rate variability for evaluating vigilant attention in partial chronic sleep restriction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Examine the use of spectral heart rate variability (HRV) metrics in measuring sleepiness under chronic partial sleep restriction, and identify underlying relationships between HRV, Karolinska Sleepiness Scale ratings (KSS), and performance on the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Controlled laboratory study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental laboratory of the Brain Work Research Centre of the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-three healthy young males (mean age ± SD = 23.77 ± 2.29).
  
  
  METHODS
  A sleep restriction group (N = 15) was subjected to chronic partial sleep restriction with 4 h sleep for 5 nights. A control group (N = 8) had 8 h sleep on all nights.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Based on a search over all HRV frequency bands in the range [0.00, 0.40] Hz, the band [0.01, 0.08] Hz showed the highest correlation for HRV-PVT (0.60, 95% confidence interval [0.49, 0.69]) and HRV-KSS (0.33, 95% confidence interval [0.16, 0.46]) for the sleep restriction group; no correlation was found for the control group. We studied the fraction of variance in PVT explained by HRV and a 3-component alertness model, containing circadian and homeostatic processes coupled with sleep inertia, respectively. HRV alone explained 33% of PVT variance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest that HRV spectral power reflects vigilant attention in subjects exposed to partial chronic sleep restriction.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Henelius A, Sallinen M, Huotilainen M, Müller K, Virkkala J, Puolamäki K. Heart rate variability for evaluating vigilant attention in partial chronic sleep restriction.
authors.affiliation: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Henelius
authors.affiliation: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland ; Agora Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
authors.forename: Mikael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sallinen
authors.affiliation: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Minna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Huotilainen
authors.affiliation: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Kiti
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.affiliation: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Jussi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Virkkala
authors.affiliation: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Puolamäki
mesh_terms: D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D005387:Finland; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017286:Polysomnography; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012894:Sleep Stages; D014851:Wakefulness; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: HRV; KSS; PVT; partial chronic sleep restriction; vigilant attention