title: Hippocampal memory traces are differentially modulated by experience, time, and adult neurogenesis.
abstract: Memory traces are believed to be ensembles of cells used to store memories. To visualize memory traces, we created a transgenic line that allows for the comparison between cells activated during encoding and expression of a memory. Mice re-exposed to a fear-inducing context froze more and had a greater percentage of reactivated cells in the dentate gyrus (DG) and CA3 than mice exposed to a novel context. Over time, these differences disappeared, in keeping with the observation that memories become generalized. Optogenetically silencing DG or CA3 cells that were recruited during encoding of a fear-inducing context prevented expression of the corresponding memory. Mice with reduced neurogenesis displayed less contextual memory and less reactivation in CA3 but, surprisingly, normal reactivation in the DG. These studies suggest that distinct memory traces are located in the DG and in CA3 but that the strength of the memory is related to reactivation in CA3.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Integrative Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Christine A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Denny
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Integrative Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Mazen A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kheirbek
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Integrative Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Eva L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Alba
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Integrative Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Kenji F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Brachman
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Kimberly B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Laughman
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Nicole K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Tomm
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Gergely F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Turi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Attila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Losonczy
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Integrative Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address: rh95@columbia.edu.
authors.forename: René
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hen
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D003213:Conditioning, Psychological / Q000502:physiology*; D005239:Fear / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008808:Mice, Inbred CBA; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D013997:Time Factors