title: Injectable polymerized high internal phase emulsions with rapid in situ curing.
abstract: Polymerized high internal phase emulsions (polyHIPEs) have been utilized in the creation of injectable scaffolds that cure in situ to fill irregular bone defects and potentially improve tissue healing. Previously, thermally initiated scaffolds required hours to cure, which diminished the potential for clinical translation. Here, a double-barrel syringe system for fabricating redox-initiated polyHIPEs with dramatically shortened cure times upon injection was demonstrated with three methacrylated macromers. The polyHIPE cure time, compressive properties, and pore architecture were investigated with respect to redox initiator chemistry and concentration. Increased concentrations of redox initiators reduced cure times from hours to minutes and increased the compressive modulus and strength without compromising the pore architecture. Additionally, storage of the uncured emulsion at reduced temperatures for 6 months was shown to have minimal effects on the resulting graft properties. These studies indicate that the uncured emulsions can be stored in the clinic until they are needed and then rapidly cured after injection to rigid, high-porosity scaffolds. In summary, we have improved upon current methods of generating injectable polyHIPE grafts to meet translational design goals of long storage times and rapid curing (<15 min) without sacrificing porosity or mechanical properties.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas 77843-3120, United States.
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Moglia
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Whitely
authors.forename: Prachi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dhavalikar
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: Hannah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pearce
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stuebben
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cordner
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cosgriff-Hernandez
mesh_terms: D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004655:Emulsions; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D004655:Emulsions; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids