title: Laboratory animal models to study foot-and-mouth disease: a review with emphasis on natural and vaccine-induced immunity.
abstract: Laboratory animal models have provided valuable insight into foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) pathogenesis in epidemiologically important target species. While not perfect, these models have delivered an accelerated time frame to characterize the immune responses in natural hosts and a platform to evaluate therapeutics and vaccine candidates at a reduced cost. Further expansion of these models in mice has allowed access to genetic mutations not available for target species, providing a powerful and versatile experimental system to interrogate the immune response to FMDV and to target more expensive studies in natural hosts. The purpose of this review is to describe commonly used FMDV infection models in laboratory animals and to cite examples of when these models have failed or successfully provided insight relevant for target species, with an emphasis on natural and vaccine-induced immunity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK.|The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK.
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Habiela
authors.affiliation: The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK.
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Seago
authors.affiliation: The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Perez-Martin
authors.affiliation: The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK.
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Waters
authors.affiliation: The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK.
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Windsor
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7TE, UK.
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Salguero
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.affiliation: The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK.
authors.forename: Bryan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Charleston
authors.affiliation: The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK.
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Juleff
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000097:blood; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D002417:Cattle; D005536:Foot-and-Mouth Disease / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D029544:Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D051379:Mice; D023421:Models, Animal; D034421:Sus scrofa; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D014765:Viral Vaccines