title: Decreased IL-35 levels in patients with immune thrombocytopenia.
abstract: IL-35 is a novel heterodimeric anti-inflammatory cytokine consisting of Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 3 (EBI3) and the p35 subunit of IL-12. IL-35 has been shown to possess the potency of inhibiting the CD4+ effector T cells and alleviating autoimmune diseases. In the study we investigated the levels of IL-35 as well as its prospective role in immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).ELISA was adopted to measure plasma IL-35, TGF-β and IL-10 levels. The mRNA expression levels of P35 and EBI3 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were studied based on real-time quantitative PCR. The correlation between plasma cytokine levels and clinical parameters was analyzed. Significantly lower plasma IL-35 levels were found in active ITP patients compared with those in remission (p = 0.017) and the healthy controls (p < 0.001). In active ITP patients, the plasma IL-35 levels displayed a significantly positive correlation with platelet counts (r = 0.5335, p < 0.0008). Further, P35 mRNA expression levels were lower in patients with active ITP than patients in remission (p = 0.033) and normal controls (p = 0.016).Thus, for the first time, this research reported a dramatically decreased IL-35 levels in ITP patients, suggesting that IL-35 may be involved in the pathogenesis of ITP.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, China; 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors.forename: Yanhui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xuan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, China.
authors.forename: Xian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, China.
authors.forename: Donglei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, China.
authors.forename: Rongfeng
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, China.
authors.forename: Fangfang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, China.
authors.forename: Huiyuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, China. Electronic address: rcyang65@163.com.
authors.forename: Renchi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D053765:Interleukin-12 Subunit p35 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D007378:Interleukins / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D015778:Minor Histocompatibility Antigens; D010976:Platelet Count; D016553:Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D012074:Remission Induction; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: C097732:EBI3 protein, human; C508609:IL10 protein, human; D053765:Interleukin-12 Subunit p35; D007378:Interleukins; D015778:Minor Histocompatibility Antigens; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C532417:interleukin-35, human; D016753:Interleukin-10
keywords: ELISA; IL-35; ITP; Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction; p35