title: Bone morbidity in childhood leukemia: epidemiology, mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment.
abstract: Skeletal abnormalities are commonly seen in children and adolescents with leukemia. The spectrum ranges from mild pain to debilitating osteonecrosis (ON) and fractures. In this review, we summarize the skeletal manifestations, provide an update on therapeutic strategies for prevention and treatment, and discuss the most recent advances in musculoskeletal research. Early recognition of skeletal abnormalities and strategies to optimize bone health are essential to prevent long-term skeletal sequelae and diminished quality of life observed in children and adolescents with leukemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 34th Street and Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA, moab@email.chop.edu.
authors.forename: Sogol
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mostoufi-Moab
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Halton
mesh_terms: D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D010020:Osteonecrosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy