title: Effects of the Mediterranean diet supplemented with coenzyme q10 on metabolomic profiles in elderly men and women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Characterization of the variations in the metabolomic profiles of elderly people is a necessary step to understand changes associated with aging. This study assessed whether diets with different fat quality and supplementation with coenzyme Q10 (CoQ) affect the metabolomic profile in urine analyzed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy from elderly people.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten participants received, in a cross-over design, four isocaloric diets for 4-week periods each: Mediterranean diet supplemented with CoQ (Med + CoQ diet); Mediterranean diet; Western diet rich in saturated fat diet; low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet enriched in n-3 polyunsaturated fat.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multivariate analysis showed differences between diets when comparing Med + CoQ diet and saturated fat diet, with greater hippurate urine levels after Med + CoQ diet and higher phenylacetylglycine levels after saturated fat diet in women. Following consumption of Med + CoQ, hippurate excretion was positively correlated with CoQ and β-carotene plasma levels and inversely related to Nrf2, thioredoxin, superoxide dismutase 1, and gp91(phox) subunit of NADPH oxidase gene expression. After saturated fat diet consumption, phenylacetylglycine excretion was inversely related to CoQ plasma level and positively correlated with isoprostanes urinary level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The association between hippurate excretion and antioxidant biomarkers along with the relationship between phenylacetylglycine excretion and oxidant biomarkers suggests that the long-term consumption of a Med + CoQ diet could be beneficial for healthy aging and a promising challenge in the prevention of processes related to chronic oxidative stress, such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disease.
authors.affiliation: Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
authors.forename: Lorena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: González-Guardia
authors.affiliation: Division of Experimental Diabetes and Aging, Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Care, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York.
authors.forename: Elena María
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Yubero-Serrano
authors.affiliation: Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Delgado-Lista
authors.affiliation: Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Perez-Martinez
authors.affiliation: Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garcia-Rios
authors.affiliation: Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marin
authors.affiliation: Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Camargo
authors.affiliation: Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
authors.forename: Nieves
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Delgado-Casado
authors.affiliation: Nutrigenomics Research Group, UCD Conway Institute and School of Public Health, University College Dublin, Ireland. Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Helen M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Roche
authors.affiliation: Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Perez-Jimenez
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Lorraine
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brennan
authors.affiliation: Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: López-Miranda
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000652:urine; D006626:Hippurates / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055432:Metabolomics; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D004041:Dietary Fats; D006626:Hippurates; D019207:beta Carotene; D014451:Ubiquinone; C022050:phenylacetylglycine; C024989:coenzyme Q10; C030514:hippuric acid; D005998:Glycine
keywords: Coenzyme Q10; Hippurate; Mediterranean diet; Oxidative stress; Phenylacetylglycine.