title: Determination of phenol compounds in surface water matrices by bar adsorptive microextraction-high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection.
abstract: Bar adsorptive microextraction combined with liquid desorption followed by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (BAµE-LD/HPLC-DAD) is proposed for the determination of trace levels of five phenol compounds (3-nitrophenol, 4-nitrophenol, bisphenol-A, 4-n-octylphenol and 4-n-nonylphenol) in surface water matrices. By using a polystyrene-divinylbenzene copolymer (PS-DVB) sorbent phase, high selectivity and efficiency is achieved even against polydimethylsiloxane through stir bar sorptive extraction. Assays performed by BAµE(PS-DVB)-LD/HPLC-DAD on 25 mL water samples spiked at the 10.0 µg/L levels yielded recoveries over 88.0%±5.7% for all five analytes, under optimized experimental conditions. The analytical performance showed good precision (RSD<15%), detection limits of 0.25 µg/L and linear dynamic ranges (1.0-25.0 μg/L) with determination coefficient higher than 0.9904. By using the standard addition method, the application of the present method to surface water matrices allowed very good performances at the trace level. The proposed methodology proved to be a suitable alternative to monitor phenol compounds in surface water matrices, showing to be easy to implement, reliable, sensitive and requiring a low sample volume.
authors.affiliation: University of Lisbon, Faculty of Sciences, Chemistry and Biochemistry Department and Center of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Campo Grande Ed. C8, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal. ndneng@fc.ul.pt.
authors.forename: Nuno R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Neng
authors.affiliation: University of Lisbon, Faculty of Sciences, Chemistry and Biochemistry Department and Center of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Campo Grande Ed. C8, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal. nogueira@fc.ul.pt.
authors.forename: José M F
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Nogueira
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000032:analysis*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis*; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D010636:Phenols; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical