title: Ameliorating effect of chicory (Chichorium intybus L.) fruit extract against 4-tert-octylphenol induced liver injury and oxidative stress in male rats.
abstract: The current study was carried out to elucidate the modulating effect of chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) fruit extract (CFR) against 4-tert-OP induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity in male rats. Rats were divided into four groups and treated for 8 weeks as follow: group 1: normal control-treated (saline); group 2: chicory fruit extract-treated (100 mg/kg); group 3: 4-tert-OP treated; group 4: 4-tert-OP plus chicory fruit extract. The obtained results revealed that rats which received 4-tert-OP showed a significant increase in liver TBARS and bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP) activities. While a significant decrease in the levels of GSH, SOD, catalase recorded. On the other hand, CFR extract succeeded to modulate these observed abnormalities resulting from 4-tert-OP as indicated by the reduction of TBARS and the pronounced improvement of the investigated biochemical and antioxidant parameters. Histopathological evidence, together with observed PCNA and DNA fragmentation, supported the detrimental effect of 4-tert-OP and the ameliorating effect of CFR extract on liver toxicity. So, it could be concluded that chicory has a promising role and it worth to be considered as a natural substance for ameliorating the oxidative stress and hepatic injury induced by 4-tert-OP compound.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Shalini
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saggu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: msakran@ut.edu.sa.
authors.forename: Mohamed I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Sakeran
authors.affiliation: Department of Home Economics, Faculty of Specific Education, Kafr ElSheikh University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Nahla
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zidan
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ehab
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tousson
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India.
authors.forename: Anand
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mohan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: hrehman@ut.edu.sa.
authors.forename: Hasibur
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rehman
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000378:metabolism; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000378:metabolism; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018651:Cichorium intybus / Q000737:chemistry*; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010636:Phenols / Q000009:adverse effects*; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010636:Phenols; D064209:Phytochemicals; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; C505410:Casp3 protein, rat; D053148:Caspase 3; C105260:4-tert-octylphenol; D001663:Bilirubin
keywords: 4-tert-OP; Chicory fruit; Hepatotoxicity; Oxidative stress