title: Bone health in breast cancer patients: a comprehensive statement by CECOG/SAKK Intergroup.
abstract: Bone is the most common site of distant metastases in breast cancer that can cause severe and debilitating skeletal related events (SRE) including hypercalcemia of malignancy, pathologic fracture, spinal cord compression and the need for palliative radiation therapy or surgery to the bone. SRE are associated with substantial pain and morbidity leading to frequent hospitalization, impaired quality of life and poor prognosis. The past 25 years of research on the pathophysiology of bone metastases led to the development of highly effective treatment options to delay or prevent osseous metastases and SRE. Management of bone metastases has become an integral part of cancer treatment requiring expertise of multidisciplinary teams of medical and radiation oncologists, surgeons and radiologists in order to find an optimal treatment for each individual patient. A group of international breast cancer experts attended a Skeletal Care Academy Meeting in November 2012 in Istanbul and discussed current preventive measures and treatment options of SRE, which are summarized in this evidence-based consensus for qualified decision- making in clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland. Electronic address: tamara.rordorf@usz.ch.
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rordorf
authors.affiliation: Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
authors.forename: Azza Adel
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Hamdy
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Azim
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oncology "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta" (IOCN), Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
authors.forename: Eniu
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alexandru
authors.affiliation: Acibadem University, Acibadem Maslak Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ozlem
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Er
authors.affiliation: Ege University, Bornova-Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Erhan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gokmen
authors.affiliation: I.T.F. Radyasyon Onkolojisi Anabilim Dalı, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Zeynep
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Güral
authors.affiliation: National Cancer Center, Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Jozef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mardiak
authors.affiliation: University Multiprofile Hospital for Active Treatment and Emergency Medicine, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
authors.forename: Velko
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Minchev
authors.affiliation: General Hospital, Leoben-Eisenerz, Austria.
authors.forename: Florentia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Peintinger
authors.affiliation: SE Ortopédiai Klinika, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Miklos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szendroi
authors.affiliation: Maribor Teaching Hospital, Maribor, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Itzok
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Takac
authors.affiliation: Onkologická klinika, Praha, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tesarova
authors.affiliation: Sandton Oncology Centre, Johannesburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vorobiof
authors.affiliation: Oncology Clinic, Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: Damir
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vrbanec
authors.affiliation: Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ramazan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yildiz
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Serap
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yücel
authors.affiliation: Jeddah King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Khaldia, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Jamal
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zekri
authors.affiliation: Yeditepe University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Basak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Oyan
mesh_terms: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000556:secondary* / Q000628:therapy*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents
keywords: Bisphosphonates; Bone metastases; Denosumab; Metastatic breast cancer; Radiotherapy; Skeletal-related events