title: Evaluation of Candida infection after six months of transplantation in pediatric liver recipients in iran.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Liver transplantation (LT) is the standard treatment of end-stage liver diseases (ESLD). Invasive fungal infection is one of the important causes of morbidity and mortality after transplantation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the incidence of late-onset (after 6 months of LT) Candida infection in recipients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate 50 pediatric patients after LT for 8 years at the LT Unit of Nemazee Hospital affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. We followed the patients until 6 months post-LT for episodes of Candida infection proven by culture.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One recipient (2%) developed late-onset esophageal candidiasis with improvement after intravenous amphotricin therapy but finally expired with a diagnosis of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of late-onset Candida infection is not significant in pediatric liver recipient, but it still remains a significant problem. Control of Candida colonization would reduce the risk of invasive fungal infections and possibly more fatal complications.
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterohepatology Research Center.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Honar
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, ; Shiraz Transplant Research Center.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Imanieh
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterohepatology Research Center.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haghighat
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, ; Shiraz Transplant Research Center.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Dehghani
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterohepatology Research Center.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zahmatkeshan
authors.affiliation: Shiraz Transplant Research Center.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Geramizadeh
authors.affiliation: Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Badiee
authors.affiliation: Shiraz Transplant Research Center.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nikeghbalian
authors.affiliation: Shiraz Transplant Research Center.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kazemi
authors.affiliation: Shiraz Transplant Research Center.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bahador
authors.affiliation: Shiraz Transplant Research Center.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Salahi
authors.affiliation: Shiraz Transplant Research Center.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Malek-Hosseini
keywords: Children; Late-onset Candida infection; Liver transplantation