title: IQ is an independent predictor of glycated haemoglobin level in young and middle-aged adults with intellectual disability.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Here we examined whether intellectual disability is independently associated with hyperglycaemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  We recruited 233 consecutive young and middle-aged adults with intellectual disability. After exclusion of subjects on medication for metabolic diseases or with severe intellectual disability (IQ < 35), 121 subjects were divided by IQ into a group with moderate intellectual disability (35 ≤ IQ ≤ 50), a mild intellectual disability group (51 ≤ IQ ≤ 70) and a borderline group (IQ > 70).
  
  
  RESULTS
  HbA1c level was higher in subjects with moderate intellectual disability (42 ± 9 mmol/mol; 6.0 ± 0.8%) than those in the borderline group (36 ± 4 mmol/mol; 5.5 ± 0.3%) and mild intellectual disability group (37 ± 5 mmol/mol; 5.5 ± 0.5%) groups. HbA1c level was correlated with age, BMI, blood pressure, serum triglycerides and IQ in simple linear regression analysis. Multiple regression analysis indicated that IQ, age, BMI and diastolic blood pressure were independent explanatory factors of HbA1c level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An unfavourable effect of intellectual disability on lifestyle and untoward effect of hyperglycaemia on cognitive function may underlie the association of low IQ with hyperglycaemia.
authors.affiliation: The Counseling Center for the Handicapped in Hokkaido, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yano
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asari
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chihiro
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aotsuka
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirota
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D007360:Intelligence; D007361:Intelligence Tests; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012923:Social Class
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human