title: The influence of early aging on eye movements during motor simulation.
abstract: Movement based interventions such as imagery and action observation are used increasingly to support physical rehabilitation of adults during early aging. The efficacy of these more covert approaches is based on an intuitively appealing assumption that movement execution, imagery and observation share neural substrate; alteration of one influences directly the function of the other two. Using eye movement metrics this paper reports findings that question the congruency of the three conditions. The data reveal that simulating movement through imagery and action observation may offer older adults movement practice conditions that are not constrained by the age-related decline observed in physical conditions. In addition, the findings provide support for action observation as a more effective technique for movement reproduction in comparison to imagery. This concern for imagery was also seen in the less congruent temporal relationship in movement time between imagery and movement execution suggesting imagery inaccuracy in early aging.
authors.affiliation: Cognitive Motor Function Group, Institute for Performance Research, Manchester Metropolitan University Cheshire Faculty, Crewe Green Road, Crewe Cheshire, CW1 5DU, UK.
authors.forename: Sheree A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: McCormick
authors.forename: Joe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Causer
authors.forename: Paul S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Holmes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004576:Electromyography; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors