title: Pharmacology and therapeutic role of inorganic nitrite and nitrate in vasodilatation.
abstract: Nitrite has emerged as an important bioactive molecule that can be biotransformed to nitric oxide (NO) related metabolites in normoxia and reduced to NO under hypoxic and acidic conditions to exert vasodilatory effects and confer a variety of other benefits to the cardiovascular system. Abundant research is currently underway to understand the mechanisms involved and define the role of nitrite in health and disease. In this review we discuss the impact of nitrite and dietary nitrate on vascular function and the potential therapeutic role of nitrite in acute heart failure.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Feelisch
authors.affiliation: The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Horowitz
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Frenneaux
authors.affiliation: Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK. Electronic address: m.madhani@bham.ac.uk.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Madhani
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D009566:Nitrates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D009573:Nitrites / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D064209:Phytochemicals; D009569:Nitric Oxide
keywords: Heart failure; Nitrate; Nitric oxide; Nitrite; Vasodilatation