title: The effect of three whitening oral rinses on enamel micro-hardness.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect on human enamel micro-hardness of three over-the-counter whitening oral rinses available in South Africa. Enamel fragments were gathered into three groups of 15 each. One group was exposed to Colgate Plax Whitening Blancheur, the second group to White Glo 2 in 1 and the third to Plus White, in each case for periods recommended by the respective manufacturers. Surface micro-hardness of all groups was measured before and after a 14 day treatment period. pH levels of the oral rinses were also determined with a combination pH electrode. Pre- and post- treatment data were analysed by the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Sum Test. According to the micro-hardness values no significant (p > 0.05) enamel damage was found as a result of treatment. However, it was observed that Colgate Pax and White Glo decreased the enamel hardness, an early sign of enamel damage, while Plus White showed a small increase in hardness. The three whitening oral rinses on the South African market do not damage the tooth enamel significantly when used as recommended by the manufacturers. However, extending the contact period and increasing the frequency of application might lead to damage of enamel.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Potgieter
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Osman
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Grobler
mesh_terms: D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006244:Hardness; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008422:Materials Testing; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004366:Nonprescription Drugs / Q000494:pharmacology; D011897:Random Allocation; D013997:Time Factors; D014073:Tooth Bleaching / Q000379:methods; D058205:Tooth Bleaching Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D009067:Mouthwashes; D004366:Nonprescription Drugs; D058205:Tooth Bleaching Agents