title: Sonogashira couplings catalyzed by collaborative (N-heterocyclic carbene)-copper and -palladium complexes.
abstract: A general protocol for the Sonogashira reaction using a 100:1 combination of (N-heterocyclic carbene)-Cu and (N-heterocyclic carbene)-Pd complexes is presented. Catalyst loadings of 1 mol % (NHC)-Cu and 0.01 mol % (NHC)-Pd allow for the coupling of aryl bromides and aryl alkynes, in air and in a non-anhydrous solvent, in high yields.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex , Brighton BN1 9QJ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Christopher W D
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Gallop
authors.forename: Ming-Tsz
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Navarro