title: The cell biology of neurogenesis: toward an understanding of the development and evolution of the neocortex.
abstract: Neural stem and progenitor cells have a central role in the development and evolution of the mammalian neocortex. In this review, we first provide a set of criteria to classify the various types of cortical stem and progenitor cells. We then discuss the issue of cell polarity, as well as specific subcellular features of these cells that are relevant for their modes of division and daughter cell fate. In addition, cortical stem and progenitor cell behavior is placed into a tissue context, with consideration of extracellular signals and cell-cell interactions. Finally, the differences across species regarding cortical stem and progenitor cells are dissected to gain insight into key developmental and evolutionary mechanisms underlying neocortex expansion.
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany; email: huttner@mpi-cbg.de.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Taverna
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Götz
authors.forename: Wieland B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Huttner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D060049:Asymmetric Cell Division; D002451:Cell Compartmentation; D019070:Cell Lineage; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000502:physiology; D016764:Cell Polarity; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007365:Intercellular Junctions / Q000502:physiology; D020547:Lateral Ventricles / Q000196:embryology; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000378:metabolism; D017628:Microglia / Q000502:physiology; D008938:Mitosis; D019579:Neocortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development*; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology; D046569:Neuroepithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D015388:Organelles / Q000502:physiology; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D008563:Membrane Lipids
keywords: INM; apical and basal processes; asymmetric cell division; cell biology; cell cycle; cell fate determination; cell polarity; cilium; interkinetic nuclear migration; neocortex evolution; neural progenitors; neural stem cells; neuroepithelial cells; radial glia