title: Impact of Denmark's ban on antimicrobials for growth promotion.
abstract: Denmark was among the first countries to ban the use of antimicrobials for growth promotion (AGPs) in animal production through an on-going series of actions and regulations since 1995. In 2010 the Yellow Card scheme was adopted to decrease total antimicrobial consumption in pig production through additional restrictions on pig farmers. The withdrawal of AGPs and other restrictions have reduced total antimicrobial use, but at the same time therapeutic drug use has increased and resistance in key zoonotic bacteria has not decreased. Improved use of vaccines and management practices can help reduce losses especially for weaner pigs, but come with additional costs to producers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Economics and Center for Agricultural and Rural Development, Iowa State University, 578 Heady Hall, Ames, IA 50011-1070, USA. Electronic address: hhjensen@iastate.edu.
authors.forename: Helen H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.affiliation: Department of Economics and Center for Agricultural and Rural Development, Iowa State University, 568 Heady Hall, Ames, IA 50011-1070, USA. Electronic address: dhayes@iastate.edu.
authors.forename: Dermot J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Hayes
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D000822:Animal Husbandry / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D003718:Denmark; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents