title: Avoidance of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs after negative provocation tests in urticaria/angioedema reactions: Real-world experience.
abstract: Drug provocation tests (DPTs) are the gold standard in diagnosing nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) hypersensitivity; however, only few data about follow-up of patients with negative DPTs are actually available. The aim of this study was to assess patients' behavior in taking NSAIDs again and to evaluate NSAID tolerability after negative allergological workup. This is a follow-up study involving patients evaluated for history of cutaneous reactions (urticaria and or angioedema) after NSAID intake and with negative DPTs with the suspected NSAID. Patients were asked during a phone interview about the intake of NSAIDs, tolerance, or reasons of avoidance. The negative predictive value (NPV) of NSAIDs DPTs was calculated. One hundred eleven of 142 patients were successfully contacted; 46/111 (41.44%) took the same NSAID previously tested with two adverse reactions reported (4.34%). Fifty-three of 111 (47.74%) patients did not take the same NSAID, but 34 of them took at least another strong cyclooxygenase (COX) 1 inhibitor, with 1 adverse reaction (2.94%) and 19 of them took only weak COX-1 inhibitors. Twelve of 111 patients (10.8%) did not take any NSAID. Reasons for drug avoidance were mainly fear of reactions (70.8%) and no need (29.2%). NPV, overall, was 96.97% (95% confidence interval, 91-99%). Although NSAID hypersensitivity diagnosis was ruled out by oral provocation test, the majority of patients with a history of urticaria/angioedema avoided the intake of the tested NSAIDs for fear of new reactions, particularly when strong COX-1 inhibitor NSAIDs were involved. The high NPV value of DPT resulting from this study should reassure NSAID intake.
authors.affiliation: Allergology and Immunology Unit, Novara Hospital-Experimental Program Piemonte Allergy Network, Novara, Italy.
authors.forename: Luisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bommarito
authors.forename: Giuliana
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zisa
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Riccobono
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.forename: Cristian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: D'Antonio
authors.forename: Ambra M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Calamari
authors.forename: Mariangela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Poppa
authors.forename: Adele
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moschella
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Di Pietrantonj
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galimberti
mesh_terms: D000799:Angioedema / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects; D001985:Bronchial Provocation Tests; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014581:Urticaria / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal