title: Oral drug treatments in patients with erectile dysfunction and multiple comorbidities: a retrospective observational study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate factors associated with demographic/clinical characteristics and drug selection in patients with erectile dysfunction (ED). The prevalence of ED is increasing worldwide. Studies have shown that ED is associated with age, lifestyle and comorbidities. However, the factors associated with patient characteristics as well as drug selection are incompletely understood.
  
  
  METHODS
  A tertiary medical centre in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 219 patients (range 23-80 years) who had received phosphodiesterase type-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors as ED treatment were evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult patients aged ≥18 years, diagnosed with ED, and prescribed with sildenafil, tadalafil or vardenafil.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients diagnosed with ED but who did not receive any PDE-5 inhibitor, or those with missing data.
  
  
  METHODS
  Factors associated with demographic and clinical characteristics as well as drug selection were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ischaemic heart disease (p=0.025), benign prostatic hyperplasia (p<0.001), obesity (p=0.005), lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) (p=0.006) and α-blockers (p<0.001) were significantly associated with elderly patients with ED. Additionally, LUTS (p=0.038) and α-blockers (p=0.008) were significantly associated with the selection of PDE-5 inhibitor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data showed that elderly patients with ED were significantly associated with comorbidities and α-blockers, whereas LUTS and α blockers were associated with drug selection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Clinical Investigation Centre, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Hasniza
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zaman Huri
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Tee
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lian Choo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Che Zuraini
authors.initials: CZ
authors.lastname: Sulaiman
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mark
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Azad Hassan
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Abdul Razack
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D059411:Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058986:Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D055553:Prescription Drugs / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D058986:Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors; D055553:Prescription Drugs
keywords: alpha blocker; drug treatments; lower urinary tract symptoms; phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitor