title: Quality of guidelines for cognitive rehabilitation following traumatic brain injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cognitive rehabilitation following traumatic brain injury can aid in optimizing function, independence, and quality of life by addressing impairments in attention, executive function, cognitive communication, and memory. This study aimed to identify and evaluate the methodological quality of clinical practice guidelines for cognitive rehabilitation following traumatic brain injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Systematic searching of databases and Web sites was undertaken between January and March 2012 to identify freely available, English language clinical practice guidelines from 2002 onward. Eligible guidelines were evaluated using the validated Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II instrument.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 11 guidelines that met inclusion criteria were independently rated by 4 raters. Results of quality appraisal indicated that guidelines generally employed systematic search and appraisal methods and produced unambiguous, clearly identifiable recommendations. Conversely, only 1 guideline incorporated implementation and audit information, and there was poor reporting of processes for formulating, reviewing, and ensuring currency of recommendations and incorporating patient preferences. Intraclass correlation coefficients for agreement between raters showed high agreement (intraclass correlation coefficient > 0.80) for all guidelines except for 1 (moderate agreement; intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.76).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Future guidelines should address identified limitations by providing implementation information and audit criteria, along with better reporting of guideline development processes and stakeholder engagement.
authors.affiliation: National Trauma Research Institute, Monash University and The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Drs Bragge, Pitt, and Piccenna and Mr Pattuwage); The Ottawa Hospital Rehabilitation Center, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (Dr Marshall); University of Toronto and Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Dr Stergiou-Kita); UHN-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute and Division of Physiatry, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Dr Bayley); Rehabilitation Studies Unit, Sydney Medical School - Northern, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (Professor Tate); Lawson Research Institute and Western University, London, Ontario, Canada (Dr Teasell); Bloorview Research Institute, Holland, Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Dr Wiseman-Hakes); Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Ms Kua); Monash-Epworth Rehabilitation Research Centre, Epworth Hospital and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia (Professor Ponsford); and Acquired Brain Injury Program, Hamilton Health Sciences, DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (Dr Velikonja).
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bragge
authors.forename: Loyal
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pattuwage
authors.forename: Shawn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pitt
authors.forename: Loretta
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Piccenna
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stergiou-Kita
authors.forename: Robyn L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Tate
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Teasell
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wiseman-Hakes
authors.forename: Ailene
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kua
authors.forename: Jennie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ponsford
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Velikonja
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bayley
mesh_terms: D019985:Benchmarking; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D006801:Humans; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic / Q000592:standards*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results