title: Incorporation of eicosatrienoic acid exerts mild anti-inflammatory properties in murine RAW264.7 cells.
abstract: Eicosatrienoic acid (Δ11,14,17-20:3; ETrA) is a rare naturally occurring n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). Using murine RAW264.7 cells, the objectives were to determine how ETrA modulated phospholipid fatty acid compositions and the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Incubation cells with ETrA dose-dependently increased the proportions of phospholipid ETrA and its metabolites to 33 % of the fatty acid total. Incorporation of ETrA also reduced the proportions of total n-6 PUFA and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) by 30 and 60 %, respectively. ETrA suppressed LPS-stimulated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)-mediated nitric oxide (NO) production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. However, no such suppressive effect on the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), cytokines, or expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was observed. As compared with ETrA, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) exerted a more potent anti-inflammatory effect. In conclusion, although ETrA suppresses significant NO synthesis and iNOS expression, this n-3 PUFA was a less potent anti-inflammatory agent than EPA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Tao Yuan General Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Szu-Jung
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Lu-Te
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.forename: Sung-Nien
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010743:Phospholipids; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C077623:Ptgs2 protein, mouse; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D015232:Dinoprostone