title: A genetic variant in pseudogene E2F3P1 contributes to prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: Certain pseudogenes may regulate their protein-coding cousins by competing for miRNAs and play an active biological role in cancer. However, few studies have focused on the association of genetic variations in pseudogenes with cancer prognosis. We selected six potentially functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in cancer-related pseudogenes, and performed a case-only study to assess the association between those SNPs and the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in 331 HBV-positive HCC patients without surgical treatment. Log-rank test and Cox proportional hazard models were used for survival analysis. We found that the A allele of rs9909601 in E2F3P1 was significantly associated with a better prognosis compared with the G allele [adjusted hazard ratio (HR)  =  0.69, 95% confidence interval (CI)  =  0.56-0.86, P  =  0.001]. Additionally, this protective effect was more predominant for patients without chemotherapy and transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE) treatment. Interestingly, we also detected a statistically significant multiplicative interaction between genotypes of rs9909601 and chemotherapy or TACE status on HCC survival (P for multiplicative interaction < 0.001). These findings indicate that rs9909601 in the pseudogene E2F3P1 may be a genetic marker for HCC prognosis in Chinese.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China;
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China;
authors.forename: Chongqi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China;
authors.forename: Mingde
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Pathology Center and Department of Pathology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China;
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China;
authors.forename: Fuzhen
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Digestive Endoscopy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China;
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China;
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226361, China.
authors.forename: Jibin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China;
authors.forename: Kaipeng
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China;
authors.forename: Hongxia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China;
authors.forename: Zhibin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China;
authors.forename: Hongbing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shen
keywords: E2F3P1; SNP; hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); prognosis; pseudogene