title: Prevalence of inflammation and benign prostatic hyperplasia on autopsy in Asian and Caucasian men.
abstract: Inflammation has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). We studied the prevalence of inflammation and BPH in Asian and Caucasian men on prostate glands (n=320) obtained during autopsy in Moscow, Russia (Caucasian men, n=220), and Tokyo, Japan (Asian men, n=100). We correlated the presence and grade of acute inflammation (AI) or chronic inflammation (CI) and BPH. AI, CI, and histologic BPH were analyzed in a blinded fashion using a grading system (0-3). We used the Cochran-Armitage test for associations between the degree of BPH and clinical variables and proportional odds logistic regression models in multivariable analysis. Histologic BPH was observed in a similar proportion of Asian and Caucasian men (p=0.94). CI was found in>70% of men in both the Asian and Caucasian groups (p>0.05). Higher BPH scores were associated with more CI (p<0.001). In multivariate analyses, individuals with CI were 6.8 times more likely to have a higher BPH score than individuals without (p<0.0001). Men included in this study presented at the hospital and their symptomatic status was not known. The prevalence of CI and BPH on autopsy is similar in Asian and Caucasian men despite very different diet and lifestyle. CI is strongly associated in both groups with BPH.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, we looked at the prevalence of inflammation and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) on autopsy in Asian and Caucasian men. We found chronic inflammation in>70% of men on autopsy. More chronic inflammation was associated with more BPH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Surgical Oncology, Division of Urology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: azlotta@mtsinai.on.ca.
authors.forename: Alexandre R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Zlotta
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Egawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Dmitry
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pushkar
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Govorov
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kido
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Surgical Oncology, Division of Urology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kuk
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kovylina
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
authors.forename: Najla
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aldaoud
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Division of Urology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fleshner
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Division of Urology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Finelli
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Sunnybrook and Women's Health Science Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Klotz
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Division of Urology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Gina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lockwood
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Jenna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sykes
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Theodorus van der
authors.initials: Tv
authors.lastname: Kwast
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D044466:Asian People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001344:Autopsy; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D015995:Prevalence; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D011472:Prostatitis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Asian; Autopsy; BPH; Caucasian; Inflammation; Prevalence