title: Gene microarray analysis of the lncRNA expression profile in human urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the expression profile variation of lncRNAs in normal urinary bladder tissue and urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder through microarray technology. The differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified and classified, and their biological information was analyzed. The data obtained in the study will prove helpful for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three specimens of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder and three specimens of normal bladder tissue were identified by histology. The total RNA was isolated from the bladder urothelial carcinomas and normal tissue and purified. The targets were mixed and hybridized with the genes on the microarray, which contained thirty thousand lncRNAs. The bladder urothelial carcinomas were then compared with the normal bladder tissue. The lncRNAs that were differentially expressed between the two groups were identified based on the signal-to-noise ratios using the Agilent Feature Extraction software and were analyzed with the Agilent Genespring GX software (Agilent). The outcome was obtained, and the biological information of these genes was deposited in GenBank.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression profile of lncRNAs was significantly different between normal bladder tissue and urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Compared with normal bladder tissue, 1,122 lncRNAs exhibited at least a twofold, significant difference (P < 0.05) and are thus regarded as differentially expressed lncRNAs. Of these, 734 and 388 lncRNAs were upregulated and down regulated. The differentially expressed lncRNAs in the urothelial carcinoma of the bladder are distributed on every chromosome, and most of these lncRNAs are distributed on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and X.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder is a complicated disease that involves the regulation of multiple genes and the participation of multiple chromosomes. Some of the differentially expressed lncRNAs that were upregulated, such as AK124776, lincRNA-RAB12-1, KRT8P25, RP11-474J18.4, AC000110.1, KRT8P13, KRT8P10, BC072678, and downregulated, such as nc-HOXB9-206, RP11-160A10.2, nc-HOXA11-86, nc-HOXD10-7, nc-HOXB9-205, CES4, nc-HOXD12-3, systematic research on these lncRNAs will help clarify the mechanisms of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder and guide the early diagnosis and treatment of this cancer in the future.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University Shanghai 200065, China.
authors.forename: Huarong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University Shanghai 200065, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University Shanghai 200065, China.
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University Shanghai 200065, China.
authors.forename: Shengsong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University Shanghai 200065, China.
authors.forename: Denglong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wu
keywords: expression profile; gene microarray; lncRNA; urinary bladder; urothelial carcinoma