title: Role of antibiotics on surgical site infection in cases of open and laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a comparative observational study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Surgical site infection (SSI) comes as third most common healthcare related infection which produces morbidity and deaths at large. Still many authors believe that it is better not to use prophylactic antibiotics in simple and uncomplicated cases. Laparoscope, now-a-days is a much used instrument for abdominal surgeries. Even after new aseptic techniques SSI remains to be a major problem.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the effect of antibiotics on superficial SSI in the cases of open and laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred patients were enrolled for cholecystectomy. The patients were divided into two groups, A and B. Group A consisted of patients in whom laparoscopic cholecystectomy was done and group B in whom open cholecystectomy was done. The male female ratio was 1: 2.23. The mean age of patients in Group A was 46 years and in Group B was 44; Standard deviation (SD) for age was 14.8% and 13.8% in groups A and B respectively; t-value was 0.654 and P value was 0.515 and they were not significant. The number of males and females was 16 and 26 respectively in Group A and 11 and 31 in Group B. The Chi square X(2) = 1.36 and P value was 0.248 and both were insignificant. The rate of superficial surgical site infection was 2.63% in both the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study concludes that there is no difference in the outcome of patients in cases of open as well as laparoscopic cholecystectomy. There is no significant difference in the surgical site infection rate in cases of open as well as laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (DU), Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Pankaj
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gharde
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (DU), Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Manish
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Swarnkar
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Dean Interdisciplinary Sciences, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (DU), Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Lalitbhushan S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Waghmare
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (DU), Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Vijay Manohar
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Bhagat
authors.affiliation: Honourable Vice Chancellor and laparoscopic surgeon, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (DU), Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Dilip S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Gode
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (DU), Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Dhirendra D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Wagh
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (DU), Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Pramita
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Muntode
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (DU), Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Hrituraj
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rohariya
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (DU), Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Anoop
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
keywords: Antibiotics; laparoscopic cholecystectomy; open cholecystectomy; surgical site infection