title: Preparation and characterization of ascorbic acid loaded solid lipid nanoparticles and investigation of their apoptotic effects.
abstract: In this paper, ascorbic acid (Vitamin C, AA) known as an antioxidant was successfully incorporated in solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) by hot homogenization and efficient delivery of AA to cancer cells. The obtained SLN formulations were characterized by Nano Zetasizer ZS and HPLC with the particle size being less than 250nm. AA-SLNs exhibited sustained release and high entrapment efficiency. According to MTT test results, AA-SLNs showed high cytotoxic activity compared to the free AA against H-Ras 5RP7 cells without damaging NIH/3T3 control cells. These results were supported by the Annexin V-PI and caspase-3 assay. Furthermore, as compared to the AA, AA-SLNs exhibited more efficient cellular uptake, accumulated in the cytoplasm and induced apoptosis which was observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Thus, the results of this study suggest that SLNs can be a potential nanocarrier system for AA.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey. Electronic address: gamzeguney@anadolu.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Gamze
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Güney
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey.
authors.forename: H Mehtap
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kutlu
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey; Plant, Drug and Scientific Researches Center (AUBIBAM), Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Lütfi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Genç
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017304:Annexin A5 / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010316:Particle Size; D011419:Propidium / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D055672:Static Electricity
chemical_list: D017304:Annexin A5; D008055:Lipids; D011419:Propidium; D053148:Caspase 3; D001205:Ascorbic Acid
keywords: Apoptotic effect; Ascorbic acid (AA); Cancer; Cytotoxic activity; Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs)