title: Transcriptional regulation of the stress response by mTOR.
abstract: The kinase mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a central regulator of cell growth and proliferation that integrates inputs from growth factor receptors, nutrient availability, intracellular ATP (adenosine 5'-triphosphate), and a variety of stressors. Since early works in the mid-1990s uncovered the role of mTOR in stimulating protein translation, this kinase has emerged as a rather multifaceted regulator of numerous processes. Whereas mTOR is generally activated by growth- and proliferation-stimulating signals, its activity can be reduced and even suppressed when cells are exposed to a variety of stress conditions. However, cells can also adapt to stress while maintaining their growth capacity and mTOR function. Despite knowledge accumulated on how stress represses mTOR, less is known about mTOR influencing stress responses. In this review, we discuss the capability of mTOR, in particular mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1), to activate stress-responsive transcription factors, and we outline open questions for future investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain. jose.aramburu@upf.edu cristina.lopez-rodriguez@upf.edu.
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aramburu
authors.affiliation: Centre for Genomic Regulation and Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
authors.forename: M Carmen
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Ortells
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tejedor
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Buxadé
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain. jose.aramburu@upf.edu cristina.lopez-rodriguez@upf.edu.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: López-Rodríguez
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D000076222:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000378:metabolism; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; C546842:MTOR protein, human; D000076222:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases