title: Is the Psychotic Depression Assessment Scale a useful diagnostic tool? The CRESCEND study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Psychotic Depression Assessment Scale (PDAS) has been validated as a method of assessing the severity and treatment outcomes of psychotic depression (PD). We aimed to compare the results of the PDAS in PD and non-psychotic depression (non-PD) patients and validate the PDAS as a diagnostic tool for PD.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included 53 patients with PD and 441 with non-PD who participated in the Clinical Research Center for Depression study in South Korea. In addition to the PDAS, psychometric tools including the HAMD17, HAMA, BPRS, CGI-S, SOFAS, SSI-Beck, WHOQOL-BREF, AUDIT, and FTND were used to assess, respectively, depression, anxiety, overall symptoms, global severity, social functioning, suicidal ideation, quality of life, alcohol use, and nicotine use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjusting for age and total HAMD17 score, PD patients had higher scores for depressive mood, hallucinations, unusual thought content, suspiciousness, blunted affect, and emotional withdrawal on the PDAS and higher total scores on the SSI-Beck than non-PD patients. Binary logistic regression identified hallucinatory behavior and emotional withdrawal as predictors of PD. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that emotional withdrawal could be used to differentiate psychotic from non-psychotic depression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The inter-rater reliability for psychometric assessments was not evaluated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In addition to assessing the severity and treatment outcomes of PD, PDAS can help in the diagnosis of PD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yong-In Mental Hospital, Yongin, Republic of Korea; Institute of Mental Health, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: cogito-ergo-sum@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Seon-Cheol
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Institute of Mental Health, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Guri Hospital, Guri, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jchoi@hanyang.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Joonho
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University School of Medicine, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jmkim@chonnam.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jae-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: tyjun@catholic.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Tae-Youn
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Jun
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: leeminso@korea.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Min-Soo
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: kim1159@dsmc.or.kr.
authors.forename: Jung-Bum
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: y1693@catholic.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Hyeon-Woo
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Yim
authors.affiliation: Institute of Mental Health, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Guri Hospital, Guri, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: hypyc@hanyang.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Yong Chon
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003071:Cognition; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D012372:ROC Curve; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D056910:Republic of Korea
keywords: Differential diagnosis; Emotional withdrawal; Hallucinatory behavior; Psychotic Depression Assessment Scale (PDAS); Psychotic depression (PD)