title: Development of an Antioxidant Phytoextract of Lantana grisebachii with Lymphoprotective Activity against In Vitro Arsenic Toxicity.
abstract: Phytochemicals have been presumed to possess prophylactic and curative properties in several pathologies, such as arsenic- (As-) induced immunosuppression. Our aim was to discover a lymphoprotective extract from Lantana grisebachii Stuck. (Verbenaceae) (LG). We assessed its bioactivity and chemical composition using cell-based assays. Fractions produced from a hexane extract acutely induced nitrite formation in T-activated cell cultures (P < 0.0001). Water extraction released a fraction lacking nitrite inducing activity in both lymphocyte types. Aqueous LG was found to be safe in proliferated and proliferating cells. The infusion-derived extract presented better antioxidant capacity in proportion to phenolic amount in lymphocytes (infusive LG-1i at 100  μ g/mL), which protected them against in vitro As-induced lymphotoxicity (P < 0.0001). This infusive LG phytoextract contained 10.23 ± 0.43 mg/g of phenolics, with 58.46% being flavonoids. Among the phenolics, the only predominant compound was 0.723 mg of chlorogenic acid per gram of dry plant, in addition to 10 unknown minor compounds. A fatty acid profile was assessed. It contained one-third of saturated fatty acids, one-third of ω 9, followed by ω 6 (~24%) and ω 3 (~4%), and scarce ω 7. Summing up, L. grisebachii was a source of bioactive and lymphoprotective compounds, which could counteract As-toxicity. This supports its phytomedical use and research in order to reduce As-related dysfunctions.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, INICSA-CONICET/UNC, Enrique Barros S/N, 5014 Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Elio A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Soria
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, INICSA-CONICET/UNC, Enrique Barros S/N, 5014 Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Patricia L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Quiroga
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, INICSA-CONICET/UNC, Enrique Barros S/N, 5014 Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Albrecht
authors.affiliation: Consejo Interuniversitario Nacional, Pacheco de Melo 2084, 1126 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Sabina I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Ramos Elizagaray
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, IMBIV-CONICET/UNC, Ruta 36 Km 601, 5804 Río Cuarto, Argentina.
authors.forename: Juan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Cantero
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, PROBIEN-CONICET/UNCO, CP 8300, Neuquén, 1400 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Guillermina A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Bongiovanni