title: Base excision repair in Archaea: back to the future in DNA repair.
abstract: Together with Bacteria and Eukarya, Archaea represents one of the three domain of life. In contrast with the morphological difference existing between Archaea and Eukarya, these two domains are closely related. Phylogenetic analyses confirm this evolutionary relationship showing that most of the proteins involved in DNA transcription and replication are highly conserved. On the contrary, information is scanty about DNA repair pathways and their mechanisms. In the present review the most important proteins involved in base excision repair, namely glycosylases, AP lyases, AP endonucleases, polymerases, sliding clamps, flap endonucleases, and ligases, will be discussed and compared with bacterial and eukaryotic ones. Finally, possible applications and future perspectives derived from studies on Archaea and their repair pathways, will be taken into account.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grasso
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy. Electronic address: gianluca.tell@uniud.it.
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tell
mesh_terms: D001105:Archaea / Q000235:genetics*; D019843:Archaeal Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004260:DNA Repair; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D019143:Evolution, Molecular
chemical_list: D019843:Archaeal Proteins; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes
keywords: AP endonuclease; Archaea; Base excision repair; DNA repair; Glycosylase