title: Acute hepatitis after starting pinaverium bromide in a patient taking mirtazapine.
abstract: A 56-year-old man presented with chronic abdominal pain. He had been evaluated extensively in the recent past undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, colonoscopy and CT scan of the abdomen with normal results. The provisional diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome was performed and pinaverium bromide was started. The patient had pre-existing hypertension, a major depressive disorder and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. He had been taking nebivolol and pantoprazole for several years and mirtazapine for the last 1 year. The patient developed nausea, vomiting and anorexia after 5 days of starting pinaverium bromide. Investigations revealed marked elevation of liver enzymes and bilirubin. He was negative for HIV, HBSAg, anti-hepatitis C virus, IgM for hepatitis A virus, hepatitis E virus, antinuclear antibody and antimitochondrial antibody. An ultrasound showed mild hepatomegaly with hypoechoic echo texture; the rest of scan was normal. Pinaverium and mirtazapine were stopped immediately. The patient was treated symptomatically and his liver profile returned to normal after 4 weeks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, SN Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
authors.forename: Sandeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tak
authors.affiliation: Shubham Clinic, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
authors.forename: Shubhanjali
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tak
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D001706:Biopsy; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006505:Hepatitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D043183:Irritable Bowel Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008803:Mianserin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D000078785:Mirtazapine; D009025:Morpholines / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010276:Parasympatholytics / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D009025:Morpholines; D010276:Parasympatholytics; D008803:Mianserin; D000078785:Mirtazapine; C013199:pinaverium