title: Effect of dietary restriction on peripheral monoamines and anxiety symptoms in obese subjects with metabolic syndrome.
abstract: Reduced circulating monoamines may have a role in the development of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), which is becoming a major health problem worldwide. Moreover, an association between anxiety disorder and MetS has been reported; however, it is not clear whether weight loss can diminish anxiety. This investigation is aimed to examine the effects of a weight loss intervention on peripheral monoamines levels and anxiety symptoms in subjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS). The study population encompassed subjects with MetS (age: 50±10 y.o. and BMI: 35.8±4.3 kg/m2) selected from the RESMENA study after they had completed the 6-month weight loss intervention (-30% energy). Anthropometric measurements, dietary records, anxiety symptoms, and blood monoamines levels were analysed before and after the intervention. Dopamine (DA) (+18.2%; 95% confidence interval (CI): -51.2 to -0.5) and serotonin (5-HT) (+16.1%; 95% CI: -26.3 to -2.2) blood levels were significantly increased after the intervention. Higher DA blood concentrations at the end of the study were inversely related with the carbohydrate intake during the study (B=-3.3; 95% CI: -8.4 to -0.4) and basal DA levels predicted a greater decrease in body weight and anthropometric parameters. Subjects with higher 5-HT concentrations after the weight loss intervention also showed a lower energy intake during the intervention (B=-0.04; 95% CI: -0.07 to -0.01). Additionally, anxiety symptoms decreased after the weight loss treatment (-28.3%; 95% CI: 6.2-20.4), which was parallel to a greater decrease in body weight and anthropometric markers, being related to lower 5-HT basal levels. Dietary restriction in patients with MetS may help in reducing anxiety symptoms, and also in increasing 5-HT and DA blood levels. These results provide further insights regarding emotional and neurological factors behind weight loss.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: Aurora
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Perez-Cornago
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: María J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ramírez
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBERobn, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Carlos III Health Research Institute, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: M Ángeles
authors.initials: MÁ
authors.lastname: Zulet
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBERobn, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Carlos III Health Research Institute, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: jalfmtz@unav.es.
authors.forename: J Alfredo
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Martinez
mesh_terms: D001007:Anxiety / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015306:Biogenic Monoamines / Q000097:blood*; D031204:Caloric Restriction / Q000523:psychology; D004038:Diet, Reducing / Q000523:psychology; D004298:Dopamine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000523:psychology*; D012701:Serotonin / Q000097:blood; D015431:Weight Loss; D061217:Weight Reduction Programs
chemical_list: D015306:Biogenic Monoamines; D012701:Serotonin; D004298:Dopamine
keywords: Anxiety symptoms; Diet; Dopamine; Metabolic syndrome; Peripheral monoamines; Serotonin; Weight loss