title: Relation of systolic, diastolic, and pulse pressures and aortic distensibility with atrial fibrillation (from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis).
abstract: Previous research suggests that elevated pulse pressure (PP) is a risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF) independently of mean arterial pressure (MAP). PP may serve as an indirect measure of aortic stiffness (reduced distensibility), but whether directly measured aortic distensibility is related to risk for AF has not yet been studied. This analysis included 6,630 participants aged 45 to 84 years from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. At baseline, blood pressure and other relevant covariates were measured using standardized protocols. Magnetic resonance imaging-based aortic distensibility was measured in 3,441 participants. Incident AF was identified from hospitalization discharge codes and Medicare claims. Multivariate Cox models were used to estimate the association of blood pressure components and aortic distensibility with AF risk. During a mean follow-up of 7.8 years, 307 AF events (137 among those with aortic distensibility measurements) were identified. In multivariate-adjusted models simultaneously including MAP and PP, each 1-SD increase in PP was associated with a 29% increased risk of AF (95% confidence interval 5% to 59%, p = 0.02), with MAP not being associated with increased AF risk. Overall, aortic distensibility was not consistently associated with AF risk: after removing outliers, each 1-SD increase in aortic distensibility was associated with a 9% increased risk of AF (95% confidence interval -22% to 51%, p = 0.63). In conclusion, in this large community-based cohort, we found that PP, but not MAP or aortic distensibility, was a significant risk factor for AF, emphasizing the importance of PP when assessing the risk for developing AF. Our results cast doubt on the clinical utility of aortic distensibility as a predictor for the development of AF.
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Nicholas S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Roetker
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Lin Y
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington.
authors.forename: Susan R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Heckbert
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Saman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nazarian
authors.affiliation: Epidemiological Cardiology Research Center, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Elsayed Z
authors.initials: EZ
authors.lastname: Soliman
authors.affiliation: Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Bluemke
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: João A C
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Electronic address: alonso@umn.edu.
authors.forename: Alvaro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alonso
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000503:physiopathology*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D003971:Diastole; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009017:Morbidity / Q000639:trends; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D013599:Systole; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D059289:Vascular Stiffness / Q000502:physiology*