title: Cardiometabolic risk profiles associated with chronic complications in overweight and obese type 2 diabetes patients in South China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Type 2 diabetes is often accompanied by altered cardiometabolic risk profiles, including abdominal obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia. The association of altered cardiometabolic risk profiles with chronic complications of diabetes is not well investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  We recruited 2954 type 2 diabetes patients with a body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 who visited the diabetes clinics of 62 hospitals in 21 cities in Guangdong province of China from August 2011 to March 2012. Demographic characteristics, personal and family medical histories, and data on chronic complications of diabetes were collected. Clinical examinations and laboratory assessment were conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Abdominal obesity was found in 91.6% of the study population, elevated blood pressure in 78.3%; elevated serum triacylglycerols in 57.8%, and reduced serum HDL-C in 55.9%. Among the cardiometabolic risk factors, elevated blood pressure was significantly associated with almost all the chronic complications of diabetes. After adjusting for age, gender, duration of diabetes, and HbA1c, elevated blood pressure was significantly associated with diabetic retinopathy (OR 1.63, 95% CI: 1.22-2.19), diabetic nephropathy (OR 3.16, 95% CI: 2.25-4.46), cardiovascular disease (OR 2.71, 95% CI: 1.70-4.32), and stroke (OR 1.90, 95% CI: 1.15-3.12). Abdominal adiposity was significantly associated with diabetic nephropathy (OR 1.39, 95% CI: 1.11-1.74). Elevated triacylglycerols was significantly associated with diabetic retinopathy (OR 1.29, 95% CI: 1.05-1.58) and diabetic nephropathy (OR 1.30, 95% CI: 1.05-1.58). Reduced HDL-C was significantly associated with stroke (OR 1.41, 95% CI: 1.05-1.88).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Altered cardiometabolic risk profiles, and elevated blood pressure in particular, were significantly associated with chronic complications in overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes. Future studies on the prevention of chronic complications of diabetes might make lowering blood pressure a primary target.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yanzhen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Rongping
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Gulin Medicine University, Guilin, China.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Wu Jing Zong Dui Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medicine College, Shantou, China.
authors.forename: Lishu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, The first Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medicine College, Shantou, China.
authors.forename: Shaoda
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan, China.
authors.forename: Ganxiong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Dehong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D002681:China; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003710:Demography; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D050177:Overweight; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides