title: Functional magnetic resonance imaging of motor and language for preoperative planning of neurosurgical procedures adjacent to functional areas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) for motor and language mapping is used for presurgical planning. This study aimed to evaluate the value of fMRI in clinical routine for preoperative planning of brain surgery adjacent to functional brain areas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-seven consecutive patients with brain lesions adjacent to sensomotor and/or language functional areas underwent fMRI prior to planned brain surgery on a 3T MRI scanner for identification of motor in all and language functional areas in 29 patients. Analysis software installed on the MRI console was used for rapid image analysis and direct visualization. All fMRI results were analyzed according to the use for preoperative planning.
  
  
  RESULTS
  fMRI data analysis and visualization was possible in less than 10min. In 35 patients fMRI of motor cortex and in 25 patients fMRI of language could be performed due to the patient's compliance. In 34 patients motor activity could be clearly identified in the precentral gyrus. The dominant hemisphere could be identified clearly in 22 cases. In 18 patients direct anatomical correlation of the activity maps to the speech area of Broca and/or Wernicke could be made. Resection surgery was performed in all patients. 11 patients underwent awake surgery with intraoperative cortical stimulation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  fMRI for clinical routine is a reliable and rapid method for identification of functional brain areas prior to brain surgery adjacent to functional areas. This method allows direct monitoring of the data quality and visualization without being time consuming. Knowledge about the relation of functional areas to the brain lesions improves the preoperative planning, the operation strategy and decision making with patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Clinic of Köln-Merheim, University of Witten-Herdecke, Cologne, Germany. Electronic address: mmahvash@yahoo.de.
authors.forename: Mehran
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mahvash
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum Duisburg, Sana Kliniken, Academic Teaching Hospital of University Essen-Duisburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Homajoun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maslehaty
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospitals of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Olav
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospitals of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Hubertus Maximilian
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Mehdorn
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum Duisburg, Sana Kliniken, Academic Teaching Hospital of University Essen-Duisburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Athanasios K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Petridis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007802:Language; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000473:pathology; D038361:Neuronavigation / Q000379:methods; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Brain tumor surgery; Functional MRI; Preoperative planning