title: Subcarinal ventilation-assisted Y-shaped stent insertion under local anesthesia for patients with complex tracheobronchial stenosis: initial clinical experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to report our preliminary results of subcarinal ventilation-assisted Y-shaped stent insertion under local anesthesia for patients with complex lower tracheal-carinal-main bronchial complex stenosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven consecutive patients with lower tracheal-carinal-main bronchial complex stenosis underwent Y-shaped stent insertion under local anesthesia. During the procedure, subcarinal ventilation was performed using a 4 F angiographic catheter, and stent insertion was performed under the protection of ventilation. Data on technical success, clinical outcome, and follow-up were collected and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subcarinal ventilation-assisted Y-shaped stent insertion under local anesthesia was technically successful in all patients without any major procedure-related complications. Seven stents were inserted in seven patients. Respiratory function improved in all patients, with the Hugh-Jones classification of respiratory status improving from grade IV-V before stenting to grade I-II after stenting. During the follow-up, one patient experienced re-stenosis of the stent. Average survival time was 185.7 days (range, 96-285 days) after the stenting procedure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Subcarinal ventilation-assisted Y-shaped stent insertion under local anesthesia can be an effective, simple, and safe method for lower tracheal-carinal-main bronchial complex stenosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China. xuhao587@163.com.
authors.forename: Yu Fei
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D001982:Bronchial Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061330:Multidetector Computed Tomography; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000379:methods*; D015607:Stents; D014135:Tracheal Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome