title: Nocardial brain abscess in an immunocompromised old patient: a case report and review of literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nocardial brain abscess is a rare central nervous system (CNS) infection with high morbidity and mortality. The infection is acquired through inhalation or direct contact with the bacteria, and could spreads through blood transmission. Nocardial brain abscess is usually associated with immunocompromised patients, but sometimes may appear in healthy individuals. Treatment is based on stereotaxic aspiration or surgical resection, and antibiotics therapy for several months.
  
  
  METHODS
  We presented one case of nocardial brain abscess treated at our department with review the literature. The patient was 65-year-old with ANCA polyangitis. She had oral methylprednisolone tablets treatment for over 6 months. The patient was treated with surgical evacuation and long-term antibiotics. The patient recovered well at discharge.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nocardial brain abscess is a rare CNS infection that needs to be differentiated from other brain lesions. It could occur in immunocompromised patients or healthy individuals. Treatment includes surgical intervention and long-term antibiotics therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital Shanghai 200040, China.
authors.forename: Hailiang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Taizhou Municipal Hospital Zhejiang Province 318000, China.
authors.forename: Tianming
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital Shanghai 200040, China.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital Shanghai 200040, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital Shanghai 200040, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital Shanghai 200040, China.
authors.forename: Daijun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital Shanghai 200040, China.
authors.forename: Hongda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital Shanghai 200040, China.
authors.forename: Xiancheng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital Shanghai 200040, China.
authors.forename: Liangfu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
keywords: CNS infection; Nocardia; brain abscess