title: Amelioration of cardiac function and activation of anti-inflammatory vasoactive peptides expression in the rat myocardium by low level laser therapy.
abstract: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been used as an anti-inflammatory treatment in several disease conditions, even when inflammation is a secondary consequence, such as in myocardial infarction (MI). However, the mechanism by which LLLT is able to protect the remaining myocardium remains unclear. The present study tested the hypothesis that LLLT reduces inflammation after acute MI in female rats and ameliorates cardiac function. The potential participation of the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) and Kallikrein-Kinin System (KKS) vasoactive peptides was also evaluated. LLLT treatment effectively reduced MI size, attenuated the systolic dysfunction after MI, and decreased the myocardial mRNA expression of interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-6 in comparison to the non-irradiated rat tissue. In addition, LLLT treatment increased protein and mRNA levels of the Mas receptor, the mRNA expression of kinin B2 receptors and the circulating levels of plasma kallikrein compared to non-treated post-MI rats. On the other hand, the kinin B1 receptor mRNA expression decreased after LLLT. No significant changes were found in the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the myocardial remote area between laser-irradiated and non-irradiated post-MI rats. Capillaries density also remained similar between these two experimental groups. The mRNA expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was increased three days after MI, however, this effect was blunted by LLLT. Moreover, endothelial NOS mRNA content increased after LLLT. Plasma nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) concentration was increased three days after MI in non-treated rats and increased even further by LLLT treatment. Our data suggest that LLLT diminishes the acute inflammation in the myocardium, reduces infarct size and attenuates left ventricle dysfunction post-MI and increases vasoactive peptides expression and nitric oxide (NO) generation.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Martha Trindade
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Manchini
authors.affiliation: Universidade Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Andrey Jorge
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Serra
authors.affiliation: Universidade Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Regiane dos Santos
authors.initials: Rdos S
authors.lastname: Feliciano
authors.affiliation: Universidade Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Eduardo Tadeu
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Santana
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Ednei Luis
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Antônio
authors.affiliation: Universidade Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: de Tarso Camillo de Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Jairo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Montemor
authors.affiliation: Heart Institute (InCor), Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Renato Oliveira
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Crajoinas
authors.affiliation: Heart Institute (InCor), Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Adriana Castello Costa
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Girardi
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Paulo José Ferreira
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Tucci
authors.affiliation: Universidade Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: José Antônio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Silva
mesh_terms: D000085962:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006321:Heart / Q000528:radiation effects*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016234:Kallikrein-Kinin System / Q000528:radiation effects; D007610:Kallikreins / Q000097:blood; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D043783:Receptor, Bradykinin B1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D043782:Receptor, Bradykinin B2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000528:radiation effects; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D043783:Receptor, Bradykinin B1; D043782:Receptor, Bradykinin B2; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; C000705329:Ace2 protein, rat; D000085962:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; D007610:Kallikreins