title: Assessment of prevalence of tobacco consumption among psychiatric inmates residing in Central Jail, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India: A cross-sectional survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the current cross-sectional study was to assess the prevalence of tobacco consumption among psychiatric jail patients residing in Central Jail, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study subjects consisted of prediagnosed psychiatric patients residing in Central Jail, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India. A matched control consisting of cross-section of the population, that is, jail inmates residing in the same Central Jail locality was also assessed to compare the psychiatric subjects. An 18 item questionnaire was used to assess the prevalence of tobacco consumption among study subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total number of subjects examined was 244, which comprised of 122 psychiatric inmates and 122 nonpsychiatric inmates. Among all psychiatric inmates, about 57.4% of inmates had a diagnosis of depression, 14.8% had psychotic disorders (such as schizophrenia), and 12.3% had anxiety disorder. A total of 77% study inmates, which comprised of 87.7% psychiatrics and 66.4% nonpsychiatrics had a habit of tobacco consumption (smokeless or smoking).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The information presented in this study adds to our understanding of the common tobacco related practices among psychiatric inmate population. Efforts to increase patient awareness of the hazards of tobacco consumption and to eliminate the habit are needed to improve oral and general health of the prison population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Dentistry, People's Dental Academy, People's University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Nilesh Arjun
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Torwane
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Dentistry, People's Dental Academy, People's University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Sudhir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hongal
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Sahu
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Dentistry, People's Dental Academy, People's University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Vrinda
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Saxena
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Dentistry, People's Dental Academy, People's University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Chandrashekhar
keywords: Jail inmates; psychiatric illness; psychiatrics; tobacco related habits