title: Single Stage Reconstruction of Type IIA Defect of the Ear Lobule: The Limberg flap Technique Revisited.
abstract: The ear lobule is an important reference point for symmetry of the face and its loss causes an obvious aesthetic abnormality. Type II A defects are characterized by loss of the ear lobule without presence of a nubbin of tissue attached to the cheek. Such defects are typically seen in individuals having an unattached ear lobule. The goal of surgery should be an aesthetically pleasing reconstruction that maintains symmetry with the opposite ear lobule. The Limberg-flap technique using a doubled-over skin flap allows a one stage reconstruction of the ear lobule. It is technically simple and may be performed under local anesthesia. The aesthetic results are generally well acceptable and there is a good color match between the neolobule and the surrounding skin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Abdulrasheed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
keywords: Ear lobule; Limberg flap; reconstruction; single stage; type IIA defect