title: Mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effect of the feed contaminant deoxynivalenol on glucose absorption in broiler chickens.
abstract: Deoxynivalenol (DON), a major contaminant of cereals and grains, is of public health concern worldwide and has been shown to reduce the electrogenic transport of glucose. However, the full effects of Fusarium mycotoxins on nutrient absorption are still not clear. The aim of this study was to investigate whether decreased nutrient absorption was due to specific effects on transporter trafficking in the intestine and whether inhibition of phosphoinositol-3-kinase (PI-3-kinase) affected the electrogenic jejunal transport of glucose. Jejunal mucosa of 6-week-old broiler chickens were mounted in Ussing chambers and treated with DON, wortmannin (a specific inhibitor of PI-3-kinase), DON + wortmannin, phlorizin and cytochalasin B. DON was found to decrease the short-circuit current (Isc) after glucose addition. A similar decline in Isc after glucose addition was observed following pre-application of wortmannin, or phlorizin (Na(+)/glucose co-transporter, SGLT1 inhibitor). The results indicate that DON decreased glucose absorption in the absence of wortmannin or phlorizin but had no additional effect on glucose absorption in their presence. Glucose transport was not affected by cytochalasin B (facilitative glucose transporter, GLUT2 inhibitor). The study provides evidence that the suppressive effect of DON on the electrogenic transport of glucose may be due to an inhibitory activity of the PI3 kinase pathway and intestinal SGLT1. Furthermore, the effect of cytochalasin B on glucose transport in chicken tissues differs from that in mammals.
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, A-1210 Vienna, Austria; Department of Animal Hygiene, Poultry and Environment, Deparment of Animal Behaviour and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, 83523 Qena, Egypt. Electronic address: wageha.awad@vetmeduni.ac.at.
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Awad
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Hygiene, Poultry and Environment, Deparment of Animal Behaviour and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, 83523 Qena, Egypt; Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, A-1210 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ghareeb
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Nutrition, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str.49, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zentek
mesh_terms: D000730:Androstadienes; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000502:physiology*; D003571:Cytochalasin B; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D005506:Food Contamination; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D007583:Jejunum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010695:Phlorhizin; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000633:toxicity*; D000077191:Wortmannin
chemical_list: D000730:Androstadienes; D003571:Cytochalasin B; D005947:Glucose; D010695:Phlorhizin; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D014255:Trichothecenes; D000077191:Wortmannin; C007262:deoxynivalenol
keywords: Broiler chickens; Deoxynivalenol; Glucose absorption; PI3 kinase; Wortmannin