title: Optimal dose of dexmedetomidine for attenuating cardiovascular response during emergence in patients undergoing total laparoscopic hysterectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the optimal dose of dexmedetomidine for attenuating the haemodynamic response during emergence from anaesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients undergoing laparoscopic total hysterectomy were randomly allocated to receive 0.9% normal saline (control group) or dexmedetomidine (0.5 µg/kg, 0.75 µg/kg or 1.0 µg/kg 30 min) before extubation. Heart rate, systolic and diastolic arterial pressure and extubation time were measured before drug administration, immediately after the end of drug administration, 10 min after the end of drug administration, immediately after extubation and 5 min after extubation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 120 patients were included in the study (30 per group). Systolic and diastolic arterial pressure and heart rate after drug administration were significantly lower in all three dexmedetomidine groups compared with controls. Extubation times in the 0.75 and 1.0 µg/kg dexmedetomidine groups were significantly longer than in the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intravenous infusion of 0.5 µg/kg dexmedetomidine 30 min before the end of surgery attenuated the haemodynamic responses during emergence without prolonging the extubation time. Dexmedetomidine doses higher than 0.5 µg/kg did not exert additional positive effects on cardiovascular responses, but did significantly prolong the extubation time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, St Vincent Hospital, Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kwon-Hui
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Hospital of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Il
authors.initials: YI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, St Vincent Hospital, Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Republic of Korea aneskim@catholic.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Yong-Shin
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D060666:Airway Extubation; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D020927:Dexmedetomidine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007044:Hysterectomy; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D020927:Dexmedetomidine
keywords: Blood pressure; dexmedetomidine; emergence; heart rate; tracheal extubation