title: Spinal epidural abscess from group A Streptococcus after varicella infection: a case report and review of the literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Spinal epidural abscess (SEA) is a very rare condition in pediatric patients. Varicella zoster infection could be a predisposing factor, and SEA should be suspected in patients with signs of secondary bacterial infection and even mild neurological signs.
  
  
  METHODS
  We describe here a case of a 30-month-old girl with a history of remitting varicella infection, diagnosed for a lumbar epidural abscess and sacro-ileitis, secondary to group A Streptococcus (GAS).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the third case of SEA from GAS reported in the literature in a pediatric population with varicella infection. We discuss here the clinical presentation and the diagnostic challenges for SEA in childhood through a review of the literature.
authors.affiliation: Departement de Neurosciences Cliniques, Service de Neurochirurgie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Université de Médecine et Biologie de Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland, giulia.css@gmail.com.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cossu
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Farhane
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Daniel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Messerer
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002644:Chickenpox / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D057210:Delayed Diagnosis; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D020802:Epidural Abscess / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009894:Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D058566:Sacroiliitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D013297:Streptococcus pyogenes
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents