title: Feasibility of collecting vulvar pain variability and its correlates using prospective collection with smartphones.
abstract: Context. Vulvar pain level may fluctuate in women with vulvodynia even in the absence of therapy; however, there is little evidence suggesting which factors may be associated with variability. Objective. Determine the feasibility of using smartphones to collect prospective data on vulvar pain and factors that may influence vulvar pain level. Methods. 24 clinically confirmed women were enrolled from a population-based study and asked to answer five questions using their smartphones each week for one month. Questions assessed vulvar pain level (0-10), presence of pain upon wakening, pain elsewhere in their body, treatment use, and intercourse. Results. Women completed 100% of their scheduled surveys, with acceptability measures highly endorsed. Vulvar pain ratings had a standard deviation within women of 1.6, with greater variation on average among those with higher average pain levels (P < 0.001). On the weeks when a woman reported waking with pain, her vulvar pain level was higher by 1.82 on average (P < 0.001). Overall, average vulvar pain level was not significantly associated with the frequency of reporting other body pains (P = 0.64). Conclusion. Our smartphone tracking system promoted excellent compliance with weekly tracking of factors that are otherwise difficult to recall, some of which were highly associated with vulvar pain level.
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 South 2nd Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.
authors.forename: Ruby H N
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 South 2nd Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.
authors.forename: Rachael M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.affiliation: MEI Research, Ltd., St. Louis Park, MN 55416, USA.
authors.forename: Jared
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sieling
authors.affiliation: Chronic Pain and Fatigue Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48106, USA.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
authors.forename: James S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Hodges
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 South 2nd Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.
authors.forename: Bernard L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Harlow