title: Genetic dissection of black grain rice by the development of a near isogenic line.
abstract: Rice (Oryza sativa L.) can produce black grains as well as white. In black rice, the pericarp of the grain accumulates anthocyanin, which has antioxidant activity and is beneficial to human health. We developed a black rice introgression line in the genetic background of Oryza sativa L. 'Koshihikari', which is a leading variety in Japan. We used Oryza sativa L. 'Hong Xie Nuo' as the donor parent and backcrossed with 'Koshihikari' four times, resulting in a near isogenic line (NIL) for black grains. A whole genome survey of the introgression line using DNA markers suggested that three regions, on chromosomes 1, 3 and 4 are associated with black pigmentation. The locus on chromosome 3 has not been identified previously. A mapping analysis with 546 F2 plants derived from a cross between the black rice NIL and 'Koshihikari' was evaluated. The results indicated that all three loci are essential for black pigmentation. We named these loci Kala1, Kala3 and Kala4. The black rice NIL was evaluated for eating quality and general agronomic traits. The eating quality was greatly superior to that of 'Okunomurasaki', an existing black rice variety. The isogenicity of the black rice NIL to 'Koshihikari' was very high.
authors.affiliation: Toyama Prefectural Agricultural, Forestry & Fisheries Research Center , 1124-1 Yoshioka, Toyama, Toyama 939-8153 , Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.affiliation: Toyama Prefectural Agricultural, Forestry & Fisheries Research Center , 1124-1 Yoshioka, Toyama, Toyama 939-8153 , Japan.
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Toyama Prefectural Agricultural, Forestry & Fisheries Research Center , 1124-1 Yoshioka, Toyama, Toyama 939-8153 , Japan.
authors.forename: Motoyasu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Omoteno
authors.affiliation: Toyama Prefectural Agricultural, Forestry & Fisheries Research Center , 1124-1 Yoshioka, Toyama, Toyama 939-8153 , Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takarada
authors.affiliation: Toyama Prefectural Agricultural, Forestry & Fisheries Research Center , 1124-1 Yoshioka, Toyama, Toyama 939-8153 , Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.affiliation: Toyama Prefectural Agricultural, Forestry & Fisheries Research Center , 1124-1 Yoshioka, Toyama, Toyama 939-8153 , Japan.
authors.forename: Kazumasa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murata
authors.affiliation: Toyama Prefectural Agricultural, Forestry & Fisheries Research Center , 1124-1 Yoshioka, Toyama, Toyama 939-8153 , Japan.
authors.forename: Yukihide
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iyama
authors.affiliation: Toyama Prefectural Agricultural, Forestry & Fisheries Research Center , 1124-1 Yoshioka, Toyama, Toyama 939-8153 , Japan.
authors.forename: Yoichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.affiliation: Toyama Prefectural Agricultural, Forestry & Fisheries Research Center , 1124-1 Yoshioka, Toyama, Toyama 939-8153 , Japan.
authors.forename: Makiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morikawa
authors.affiliation: Toyama Prefectural Agricultural, Forestry & Fisheries Research Center , 1124-1 Yoshioka, Toyama, Toyama 939-8153 , Japan.
authors.forename: Hidenobu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ozaki
authors.affiliation: Toyama Prefectural Agricultural, Forestry & Fisheries Research Center , 1124-1 Yoshioka, Toyama, Toyama 939-8153 , Japan.
authors.forename: Naoyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mukaino
authors.affiliation: Toyama Prefectural Agricultural, Forestry & Fisheries Research Center , 1124-1 Yoshioka, Toyama, Toyama 939-8153 , Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kidani
authors.affiliation: Toyama Prefectural Agricultural, Forestry & Fisheries Research Center , 1124-1 Yoshioka, Toyama, Toyama 939-8153 , Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ebitani
keywords: Kala; Oryza sativa L; black rice; mapping; near isogenic line; ‘Hong Xie Nuo’; ‘Koshihikari’