title: Pesticide risk assessment in free-ranging bees is weather and landscape dependent.
abstract: The risk assessment of plant protection products on pollinators is currently based on the evaluation of lethal doses through repeatable lethal toxicity laboratory trials. Recent advances in honeybee toxicology have, however, raised interest on assessing sublethal effects in free-ranging individuals. Here, we show that the sublethal effects of a neonicotinoid pesticide are modified in magnitude by environmental interactions specific to the landscape and time of exposure events. Field sublethal assessment is therefore context dependent and should be addressed in a temporally and spatially explicit way, especially regarding weather and landscape physiognomy. We further develop an analytical Effective Dose (ED) framework to help disentangle context-induced from treatment-induced effects and thus to alleviate uncertainty in field studies. Although the ED framework involves trials at concentrations above the expected field exposure levels, it allows to explicitly delineating the climatic and landscape contexts that should be targeted for in-depth higher tier risk assessment.
authors.affiliation: 1] INRA, UR406 Abeilles et Environnement, F-84914 Avignon, France [2] UMT Protection des Abeilles dans l'Environnement, Site Agroparc, F-84914 Avignon, France.
authors.forename: Mickaël
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Henry
authors.affiliation: 1] INRA, UR980 SAD Paysage, F-35042 Rennes, France [2] CNRS et Université de Rennes 1, UMR6553 Ecosystèmes Biodiversité Evolution, F-35042 Rennes, France.
authors.forename: Colette
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bertrand
authors.affiliation: 1] INRA, UR406 Abeilles et Environnement, F-84914 Avignon, France [2] UMT Protection des Abeilles dans l'Environnement, Site Agroparc, F-84914 Avignon, France.
authors.forename: Violette
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Le Féon
authors.affiliation: 1] INRA, UE1255, UE Entomologie, F-17700 Surgères, France [2] Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS (USC-INRA 1339), UPR1934, F-79360 Beauvoir-sur-Niort, France.
authors.forename: Fabrice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Requier
authors.affiliation: INRA, UE1255, UE Entomologie, F-17700 Surgères, France.
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Odoux
authors.affiliation: INRA, UE1255, UE Entomologie, F-17700 Surgères, France.
authors.forename: Pierrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aupinel
authors.affiliation: Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS (USC-INRA 1339), UPR1934, F-79360 Beauvoir-sur-Niort, France.
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bretagnolle
authors.affiliation: 1] UMT Protection des Abeilles dans l'Environnement, Site Agroparc, F-84914 Avignon, France [2] Association de Coordination Technique Agricole, Site Agroparc, F-84914 Avignon, France [3] ITSAP-Institut de l'abeille, Site Agroparc, F-84914 Avignon, France.
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Decourtye
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001516:Bees / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005843:Geography; D006702:Homing Behavior / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010575:Pesticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014887:Weather
chemical_list: D010575:Pesticides