title: Lactobacillus casei and bifidobacterium lactis supplementation reduces tissue damage of intestinal mucosa and liver after 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid treatment in mice.
abstract: Probiotics (PB) are living microorganisms that act as a commensal population in normal intestines and confer numerous beneficial effects on the host. The introduction of probiotics in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) prolongs remission. The aim of this study was to investigate the intestinal and hepatic effects of PB supplementation in an experimental IBD model in mice induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). In the first step of the experimental procedure, CD-1 male mice, 5 to 6 weeks old, were randomly divided into 3 groups and inoculated intrarectally with, respectively, saline, alcohol, or TNBS to assess the experimental IBD model. In the second step, mice treated, or not, with TNBS inoculation, were treated with PB (Lactobacillus Casei, Bifidobacterum Lactis) for 1, 2 or 3 weeks, on a daily basis. Large bowel (colon and rectum) and liver were processed for histological alterations, according to a scoring system. Large bowel was also assessed for apoptosis by TUNEL assay. TNBS induced, as expected, severe damage and inflammation in the large bowel, including nuclear alterations and apoptosis, and, to a lesser extent, to the liver. Administration of PB determined significant reduction of both histological alterations and apoptosis. PB administration in advance protects from inflammation. In conclusion, supplementation with Lactobacillus casei, Bifidobacterum lactis PB is able to ameliorate the colitis by reversing the histological changes caused by TNBS in mice. Experimentation in human subjects in needed to prove their efficacy in reducing histological alterations that may be present in subjects with IBD.
authors.affiliation: Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bellavia
authors.affiliation: Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rappa
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lo Bello
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brecchia
authors.affiliation: Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tomasello
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leone
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Spatola
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Uzzo
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bonaventura
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: David
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Department of Internal and Specialist Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Damiani
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester (MI) USA.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hajj Hussein
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Zeenny
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Morphology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jurjus
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schembri-Wismayer
authors.affiliation: Paolo Sotgiu' Institute, L.U.de.S. University, Lugano, Switzerland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cocchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zummo
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Farina
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gerbino
authors.affiliation: Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cappello
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Traina
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001644:Bifidobacterium; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D007780:Lacticaseibacillus casei; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D019936:Probiotics; D014302:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014302:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid