title: [Effect of realgar on induction of apoptosis in DLBCL cell line SU-DHL-4 and its possible mechanisms].
abstract: This study was aimed to explore the effect of realgar (As4S4) on growth inhibition and apoptosis induction of DLBCL cell line SU-DHL-4 and its mechanisms. The inhibitory effect of realgar on the cell growth were detected by MTT method. The morphological changes of SU-DHL-4 were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The apoptosis of SU-DHL-4 cells treated with realgar were detected by flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining and DNA agarose gel electrophoresis. The cell cycle was examined by flow cytometry with PI staining. The expressions of apoptosis-related proteins (BCL-2 , Caspase-3,BAX) were detected by Western blot. The results showed that the realgar at the concentration of 20, 40, 80 µmol/L all could inhibit the proliferation of SU-DHL-4 (P < 0.05), and in a certain time and concentration range, the inhibition rate was enhanced in a time and dose dependent manner(r = 0.982). Flow cytometric test results showed that realgar could induce SU-DHL-4 cell apoptosis after treating for 48 hours, and the apoptosis rate increased with the increasing of drug concentration (P < 0.05). After treating SU-DHL-4 cells with Realgar for 48 h, the cell cycle was blocked in the S phase (P < 0.05). TEM results revealed that when treated with realgar for 48 h, the typically apoptosis morphology-apoptotic bodies were observed in all drug-treated group, furthermore, some necrotic cells in the 80 µmol/L group were observed. After intervened by realgar for 48 h, the DNA Ladder pattern was seen according to agarose gel electrophoresis. Western blot showed that the expression of Bcl-2 protein was down-regulated while the expressions of BAX and Caspase-3 protein were up-regulated when treating SU-DHL-4 cells with realgar for 48 h. It is concluded that realgar can inhibit cell growth and induce cell apoptosis, which may be related with up-regulation of Caspase-3 and BAX expression and down-regulation the of BCL-2 expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Li-Li
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Hua-Chao
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Yang-Feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Stomatologic Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China. E-mail:hepc@163.com.
authors.forename: Peng-Cheng
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001152:Arsenicals / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D013440:Sulfides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001152:Arsenicals; C494826:BAX protein, human; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D013440:Sulfides; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; C058317:arsenic disulfide; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3