title: Efficacy of dietary spray dried plasma protein to mitigate the negative effects on performance of pigs fed diets with corn naturally contaminated with multiple mycotoxins.
abstract: The ability of spray dried plasma protein (SDPP) to reduce the negative effects of multiple mycotoxins from naturally contaminated corn on weaned pig performance and health was investigated (n = 180; 6.84 ± 0.11 kg). For 12 d after weaning, pigs were fed phase 1 nursery diets with either 0% SDPP (PP0) or 6% SDPP (PP6). After 12 d, pigs were fed phase 2 diets for 3 wk. Pigs fed PP0 in phase 1 continued to be fed a phase 2 diet with no SDPP (PP0/PP0) or were fed a diet including corn naturally contaminated with multiple mycotoxins (M), labeled PP0/PP0M. Pigs fed SDPP in phase 1 were fed either a diet with no SDPP (PP6/PP0), a diet with M and no SDPP (PP6/PP0M), a diet with M and 3% SDPP (PP6/PP3M), or a diet with M and 6% SDPP (PP6/PP6M). During phase 1, pigs fed PP6 had increased (P < 0.05) ADG, ADFI, and G:F, whereas immunological parameters were not altered. During phase 2, pigs consuming PP0/PP0M had reduced ADG (P < 0.01) and ADFI (P < 0.05) in contrast to pigs fed PP0/PP0, whereas the performance of pigs fed PP6/PP0M was intermediate to pigs fed PP0/PP0M and PP6/PP0. The ADG and ADFI did not differ for pigs fed PP0/PP0M and PP6/PP0M during phase 2. Performance of pigs fed PP6/PP3M in contrast to pigs fed PP6/PP0M during phase 2 did not differ; however, these pigs had lower (P < 0.05) tumor necrosis factor α and tended (P = 0.094) to have lower DNA damage. During phase 2, ADG and ADFI of pigs fed PP6/PP6M did not differ from pigs fed PP6/PP0M, but G:F tended (P = 0.067) to be increased in pigs fed PP6/PP6M. Over the entire study period, pigs fed PP0/PP0M had reduced (P < 0.05) ADG and tended (P = 0.067) to have reduced ADFI. During this time, pigs fed PP6/PP0M tended to have greater ADG and ADFI (P = 0.093 and P = 0.067, respectively) compared with pigs fed PP0/PP0M. Overall, feeding a diet with SDPP improved growth performance and feed intake of young pigs directly after weaning. Feeding multiple M had a negative impact on growth performance of pigs during this trial. This response was more significant when pigs were not fed SDPP in phase 1. Overall, when combining phase 1 and 2 performance data, daily gain and feed intake tended to be reduced when pigs were not fed 6% SDPP in phase 1. This study indicates that the composition of diets fed immediately after weaning may be important for pigs that subsequently are under a M challenge.
authors.affiliation: North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Weaver
authors.affiliation: APC, Inc., Ankeny, IA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.affiliation: APC, Inc., Ankeny, IA.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Crenshaw
authors.affiliation: APC, Inc., Ankeny, IA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Polo
authors.affiliation: North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC sungwoo_kim@ncsu.edu.
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000348:Aflatoxins / Q000009:adverse effects; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000382:microbiology*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004249:DNA Damage; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000662:veterinary; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004881:Ergotism / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination; D037341:Fumonisins / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013552:Swine / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D003313:Zea mays / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000348:Aflatoxins; D015415:Biomarkers; D001798:Blood Proteins; D037341:Fumonisins; D009183:Mycotoxins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
keywords: aflatoxin; fumonisin; mycotoxins; pigs; spray dried plasma protein