title: Plasma proteins predict conversion to dementia from prodromal disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The study aimed to validate previously discovered plasma biomarkers associated with AD, using a design based on imaging measures as surrogate for disease severity and assess their prognostic value in predicting conversion to dementia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three multicenter cohorts of cognitively healthy elderly, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and AD participants with standardized clinical assessments and structural neuroimaging measures were used. Twenty-six candidate proteins were quantified in 1148 subjects using multiplex (xMAP) assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixteen proteins correlated with disease severity and cognitive decline. Strongest associations were in the MCI group with a panel of 10 proteins predicting progression to AD (accuracy 87%, sensitivity 85%, and specificity 88%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have identified 10 plasma proteins strongly associated with disease severity and disease progression. Such markers may be useful for patient selection for clinical trials and assessment of patients with predisease subjective memory complaints.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Old Age Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Abdul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hye
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Old Age Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Riddoch-Contreras
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Old Age Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Alison L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Baird
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Old Age Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Ashton
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Old Age Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Chantal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bazenet
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Old Age Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Rufina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Old Age Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Westman
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Old Age Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Simmons
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Old Age Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dobson
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Old Age Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sattlecker
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Old Age Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Neuroimaging Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lupton
authors.affiliation: University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter University, Exeter, UK.
authors.forename: Katie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lunnon
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Old Age Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Aoife
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Keohane
authors.affiliation: Proteome Sciences plc, Research & Development, Proteome Sciences plc, Cobham, UK.
authors.forename: Malcolm
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.affiliation: Proteome Sciences plc, Research & Development, Proteome Sciences plc, Cobham, UK.
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pike
authors.affiliation: Proteome Sciences plc, Research & Development, Proteome Sciences plc, Cobham, UK.
authors.forename: Hans Dieter
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Zucht
authors.affiliation: Protein Analysis and Detection, EMD Millipore Corporation, St. Charles, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pepin
authors.affiliation: Protein Analysis and Detection, EMD Millipore Corporation, St. Charles, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Protein Analysis and Detection, EMD Millipore Corporation, St. Charles, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tunnicliffe
authors.affiliation: Neurosciences Therapy Area Unit, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Hertfordshire, UK.
authors.forename: Jill
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.affiliation: Departments of Neurology & Neurosurgery, Psychiatry, Medicine, McGill Centre for Studies in Aging, Verdun, Canada; on behalf of GenADA consortium.
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gauthier
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Hilkka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Soininen
authors.affiliation: Department of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotic disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kłoszewska
authors.affiliation: Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mecocci
authors.affiliation: 3rd Department of Neurology, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Magda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsolaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatric Medicine, INSERM U 558, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vellas
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Old Age Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; on behalf of AddNeuroMed consortium. Electronic address: simon.lovestone@psych.ox.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lovestone
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003704:Dementia / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008609:Mental Status Schedule; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D062706:Prodromal Symptoms; D012372:ROC Curve; D013223:Statistics as Topic
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D001798:Blood Proteins
keywords: Alzheimer's disease; Biomarker; Mild cognitive impairment; Pathology; Plasma; Prediction and magnetic resonance imaging