title: Psychological need satisfaction and well-being in adults aged 80 years and older living in residential homes: using a self-determination theory perspective.
abstract: Based on the self-determination theory (SDT), this study aims to examine the psychological needs satisfaction of the elderly living in residential homes and their relationship with indicators of well-being, and then to test the contribution of each need on these indicators. Participants (N=100; Mage=86.7 years, SD=3.78) completed the measures of psychological needs satisfaction, purpose in life, personal growth and geriatric depression. Cluster analyses showed two distinct profiles: one profile with a high satisfaction of the three basic psychological needs and another profile with a low satisfaction of the three basic psychological needs. These profiles did not differ in terms of residents' characteristics, health problems and functional limitations. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) results revealed that the participants with the profile of a high satisfaction of psychological needs have significantly higher levels of purpose in life and personal growth than participants with the profile of a low satisfaction of psychological needs, and no effect of cluster membership on depressive feelings was reported. Moreover, for all participants, relatedness need satisfaction was significantly and positively related to personal growth, and autonomy and relatedness needs satisfaction was related to purpose of life. In conclusion, our results offer evidence that old age can be fruitful and, in consistent with SDT, show that autonomy and relatedness need satisfaction is positively associated with indicators of well-being such as purpose in life and personal growth, considered as essential components of optimal functioning.
authors.affiliation: Research Team of Psychology of Ages of Life (EA 2114), University François Rabelais, Tours, France. Electronic address: claude.ferrand@univ-tours.fr.
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ferrand
authors.affiliation: Center for Research and Innovation in Sport, University de Lyon-University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France. Electronic address: guillaume.martinent@univ-lyon1.fr.
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Martinent
authors.affiliation: Research Team of Psychology of Ages of Life (EA 2114), University François Rabelais, Tours, France. Electronic address: neriman.durmaz@etu.univ-tours.fr.
authors.forename: Neriman
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Durmaz
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006304:Health Status; D006707:Homes for the Aged; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D026684:Personal Autonomy; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014504:Urban Health
keywords: Basic psychological needs; Cluster analysis; Elderly people; Well-being depression