title: INCLEN diagnostic tool for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (INDT-ADHD): development and validation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop and validate INCLEN Diagnostic Tool for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (INDT-ADHD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Diagnostic test evaluation by cross sectional design.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary care pediatric centers.
  
  
  METHODS
  156 children aged 65-117 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  After randomization, INDT-ADHD and Connors 3 Parent Rating Scale (C3PS) were administered, followed by an expert evaluation by DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria.
  
  
  METHODS
  Psychometric evaluation of diagnostic accuracy, validity (construct, criterion and convergent) and internal consistency.
  
  
  RESULTS
  INDT-ADHD had 18 items that quantified symptoms and impairment. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was identified in 57, 87 and 116 children by expert evaluation, INDT-ADHD and C3PS, respectively. Psychometric parameters of INDT-ADHD for differentiating attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and normal children were: sensitivity 87.7%, specificity 97.2%, positive predictive value 98.0% and negative predictive value 83.3%, whereas for differentiating from other neuro-developmental disorders were 87.7%, 42.9%, 58.1% and 79.4%, respectively. Internal consistency was 0.91. INDT-ADHD has a 4-factor structure explaining 60.4% of the variance. Convergent validity with Conner's Parents Rating Scale was moderate (r =0.73, P= 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  INDT-ADHD is suitable for diagnosing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Indian children between the ages of 6 to 9 years.
authors.affiliation: The INCLEN Trust International, New Delhi, India. Correspondence to: Dr Narendra K Arora, Executive Director, The INCLEN Trust International, F1/5, Okhla Industrial Area, Phase-1, New Delhi, India. nkarora@inclentrust.org.
authors.forename: Sharmila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
authors.forename: Satinder
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aneja
authors.forename: Paul S S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: Sheffali
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gulati
authors.forename: Vaishali
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Deshmukh
authors.forename: Rajesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sagar
authors.forename: Donald
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Silberberg
authors.forename: Vinod K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Bhutani
authors.forename: Jennifer M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: Maureen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Durkin
authors.forename: Ravindra M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.forename: M K C
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.forename: Narendra K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Arora
mesh_terms: D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002648:Child; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity