title: A comparative study on tobacco cessation methods: a quantitative systematic review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  During recent years, there have been many advances in different types of pharmacological and non-pharmacological tobacco control treatments. In this study, we aimed to identify the most effective smoking cessation methods used in quit based upon a review of the literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  We did a search of PubMed, limited to English publications from 2000 to 2012. Two trained reviewers independently assessed titles, abstracts and full texts of articles after a pilot inter-rater reliability assessment which was conducted by the author (GH). The total number of papers and their conclusions including recommendation of that method (positive) or not supporting (negative) was computed for each method. The number of negative papers was subtracted from the number of positive ones for each method. In cases of inconsistency between the two reviewers, these were adjudicated by author.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 932 articles that were critically assessed, 780 studies supported quit smoking methods. In 90 studies, the methods were not supported or rejected and in 62 cases the methods were not supported. Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), Champix and Zyban with 352, 117 and 71 studies respectively were the most supported methods and e-cigarettes and non-Nicotine medications with one case were the least supported methods. Finally, NRT with 39 and Champix and education with 36 scores were the most supported methods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results of this review indicate that the scientific papers in the most recent decade recommend the use of NRT and Champix in combination with educational interventions. Additional research is needed to compare qualitative and quantitative studies for smoking cessation.
authors.affiliation: Tobacco Prevention and Control Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Darabad, Niavaran, Tehran 1955841452, Iran.
authors.forename: Gholamreza
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Heydari
authors.affiliation: Tobacco Prevention and Control Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Darabad, Niavaran, Tehran 1955841452, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammadreza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Masjedi
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1983963113, Iran.
authors.forename: Arezoo Ebn
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Ahmady
authors.affiliation: Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
authors.forename: Scott J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Leischow
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55454-1015, USA.
authors.forename: Harry A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Lando
authors.affiliation: Tracheal Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of TB and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Behgam
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Shadmehr
authors.affiliation: Department Telemedicine Research Center, National Research Institute of TB and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Lida
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fadaizadeh
keywords: Methods; systematic review; tobacco cessation; tobacco control