title: Complicated and protracted cryptococcal disease in HIV-infected children.
abstract: We report 7 HIV-infected children with cryptococcosis. Median age and CD4 counts were 9.3 years and 12 cells/mm, respectively. Two children died early. Of 4 children requiring prolonged amphotericin B and fluconazole at a dosage above 12 mg/kg/d, 3 presented with meningitis and 1 with fever. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome contributed to morbidity through exacerbations at the primary site and elsewhere.
authors.affiliation: From the *Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Children's Hospital; and †Children's Infectious Diseases Research Unit (KIDCRU), Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: Haseena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.forename: Mark F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Cotton
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rabie
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017677:Age Distribution; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D002648:Child; D003453:Cryptococcosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D054019:Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000666:Amphotericin B; D015725:Fluconazole