title: Proteome adaptation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to severe calorie restriction in Retentostat cultures.
abstract: Stationary-phase, carbon-starved shake-flask cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are popular models for studying eukaryotic chronological aging. However, their nutrient-starved physiological status differs substantially from that of postmitotic metazoan cells. Retentostat cultures offer an attractive alternative model system in which yeast cells, maintained under continuous calorie restriction, hardly divide but retain high metabolic activity and viability for prolonged periods of time. Using TMT labeling and UHPLC-MS/MS, the present study explores the proteome of yeast cultures during transition from exponential growth to near-zero growth in severely calorie-restricted retentostats. This transition elicited protein level changes in 20% of the yeast proteome. Increased abundance of heat shock-related proteins correlated with increased transcript levels of the corresponding genes and was consistent with a strongly increased heat shock tolerance of retentostat-grown cells. A sizable fraction (43%) of the proteins with increased abundance under calorie restriction was involved in oxidative phosphorylation and in various mitochondrial functions that, under the anaerobic, nongrowing conditions used, have a very limited role. Although it may seem surprising that yeast cells confronted with severe calorie restriction invest in the synthesis of proteins that, under those conditions, do not contribute to fitness, these responses may confer metabolic flexibility and thereby a selective advantage in fluctuating natural habitats.
authors.affiliation: Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University , Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Nadine A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Binai
authors.forename: Markus M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Bisschops
authors.forename: Bas
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: van Breukelen
authors.forename: Shabaz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mohammed
authors.forename: Luuk
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Loeff
authors.forename: Jack T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Pronk
authors.forename: Albert J R
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Heck
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Daran-Lapujade
authors.forename: Monique
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Slijper
mesh_terms: D031204:Caloric Restriction; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal / Q000502:physiology*; D055786:Gene Knockout Techniques; D010085:Oxidative Phosphorylation; D020543:Proteome / Q000378:metabolism*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D020543:Proteome; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins