title: Anaplastic Transformation of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in a Young Man: A Case Study with Immunohistochemical and BRAF Analysis.
abstract: This study reports a case of anaplastic transformation from a well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma in a young patient. The first recurrent tissue contained poorly differentiated foci that revealed lower thyroglobulin, thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1), and galectin-3 expression than the well-differentiated area. However there was no increased p53 or Ki-67 expression in the poorly differentiated foci, nor in the well-differentiated area. The tissue subsequently relapsed and revealed only anaplastic features, complete loss of thyroglobulin, TTF-1, and galectin-3 expression and revealed an increase in p53 and Ki-67 expression. The BRAF V600E and BRAF V600V mutation were found in the initially diagnosed papillary thyroid carcinoma and the poorly differentiated foci of the recurring papillary thyroid carcinoma; however, only the BRAF V600V mutation was found in the anaplastic carcinoma. These results suggest that overexpression of p53 and Ki-67 contributed to the anaplastic transformation. We also found that the BRAF type changed during the tumor relapse.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Hye
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyeong Ju
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Cheong Soo
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: SoonWon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hong
keywords: Immunohistochemistry; Proto-oncogene proteins B-raf; Thyroid cancer, anaplastic; Young adult