title: Transcatheter embolotherapy with N-butyl cyanoacrylate for ectopic varices.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To address technical feasibility and clinical outcome of transcatheter embolotherapy with N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) for bleeding ectopic varices.
  
  
  METHODS
  The institutional review board approved this retrospective study and waived informed consent. From January 2004 to June 2013, a total of 12 consecutive patients received transcatheter embolotherapy using NBCA for bleeding ectopic varices in our institute. Clinical and radiologic features of the endovascular procedures were comprehensively reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preprocedural computed tomography images revealed ectopic varices in the jejunum (n = 7), stoma (n = 2), rectum (n = 2), and duodenum (n = 1). The 12 procedures consisted of solitary embolotherapy (n = 8) and embolotherapy with portal decompression (main portal vein stenting in 3, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in 1). With regard to vascular access, percutaneous transhepatic access (n = 7), transsplenic access (n = 4), and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt tract (n = 1) were used. There was no failure in either the embolotherapy or the vascular accesses (technical success rate, 100 %). Two patients died within 1 month from the procedure from preexisting fatal medical conditions. Only one patient, with a large varix that had been partially embolized by using coils and NBCA, underwent rebleeding 5.5 months after the procedure. The patient was retreated with NBCA and did not undergo any bleeding afterward for a follow-up period of 2.5 months. The remaining nine patients did not experience rebleeding during the follow-up periods (range 1.5-33.2 months).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transcatheter embolotherapy using NBCA can be a useful option for bleeding ectopic varices.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, #101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Woo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Hyo-Cheol
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hwan Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Jae
authors.forename: Hyun-Seok
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Saebeom
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hur
authors.forename: Myungsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jin Wook
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D004659:Enbucrilate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014648:Varicose Veins / Q000628:therapy*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004659:Enbucrilate