title: Etiology and prognosis of non-convulsive status epilepticus.
abstract: Although non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) is an important type of epilepsy, it is not often recognized. In order to analyze the clinical characteristics and outcome in patients with NCSE, we examined the medical records of patients with NCSE admitted to the Seoul National University Hospital between June 2005 and October 2008. The clinical details and electroencephalography records of 34 adult NCSE patients (aged over 16 years) were collected. Their mean age was 47 years (standard deviation 20 years, range, 16-87 years), and 20 were female. Twenty-seven patients (79.4%) showed decreased awareness with acute onset, and seven (20.6%) were obtunded or comatose. Ten patients (29.4%) had a history of epilepsy, and four (11.8%) had a history of stroke. NCSE was etiologically attributed to acute medical or neurological problems in 25 patients (73.5%), was cryptogenic in three (8.8%), and was secondary to underlying epilepsy in six (17.7%). Acute symptomatic etiology was associated with poor recovery (p=0.048), with all unresponsive patients in this acute symptomatic group. Eight (23.5%) of the 34 NCSE patients did not recover or died, whereas nine (26.5%) recovered. Our study shows that the presence of acute symptoms or central nervous system infection is associated with poor outcome, suggesting that a high level of vigilance is required to identify and prevent complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Bong Su
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Myongji Hospital, Goyang, South Korea.
authors.forename: Yunsook
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Soo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Daehangno 101, Chongro-Gu, Seoul 110-744, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jangsup
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Daehangno 101, Chongro-Gu, Seoul 110-744, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hye Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Daehangno 101, Chongro-Gu, Seoul 110-744, South Korea.
authors.forename: Soon-Tae
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Daehangno 101, Chongro-Gu, Seoul 110-744, South Korea.
authors.forename: Keun-Hwa
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Daehangno 101, Chongro-Gu, Seoul 110-744, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kon
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Inje University, Seoul Paik Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung-Il
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Daehangno 101, Chongro-Gu, Seoul 110-744, South Korea. Electronic address: sangun2923@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sang Kun
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D001928:Brain Diseases, Metabolic / Q000150:complications; D003128:Coma / Q000209:etiology; D003244:Consciousness Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000150:complications; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D059906:Neuroimaging; D018458:Persistent Vegetative State / Q000209:etiology; D011379:Prognosis; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013226:Status Epilepticus / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants
keywords: Etiology; Non-convulsive status epilepticus; Prognosis