title: Subjective cognitive complaints and functional disability in patients with borderline personality disorder and their nonaffected first-degree relatives.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the contributions of subjective cognitive complaints to functional disability in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and their nonaffected relatives.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with BPD (n = 26), their first-degree biological relatives (n = 17), and nonpsychiatric control subjects (n = 31) completed a self-report measure of cognitive difficulties and rated the severity of their functional disability on the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After accounting for group differences in age and severity of depressive symptoms, patients and relatives endorsed more inattention and memory problems than control subjects. Whereas probands reported greater disability than relatives and control subjects across all functional domains, relatives described more difficulties than control subjects in managing multiple life activities, including domestic activities and occupational and academic functioning, and participating in society. For both probands and relatives, inattention and memory problems were linked primarily to difficulties with life activities, independent of depression and other comorbid psychiatric disorders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Problems with inattention and forgetfulness may lead to difficulties carrying out activities of daily living and occupational or academic problems in patients with BPD, as well as their nonaffected first-degree relatives.
authors.affiliation: Director, Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario; Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology and Graduate Department of Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario.
authors.forename: Anthony C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Ruocco
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Coordinator, Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario.
authors.forename: Jaeger
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.affiliation: Head, Borderline Personality Disorder Clinic, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario; Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario.
authors.forename: Shelley F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: McMain
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology*; D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology; D001883:Borderline Personality Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall; D008875:Middle Aged; D058992:Social Participation; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult