title: Preventive oral health practices of school pupils in Southern Nigeria.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  One of the goals of the World Health Organisation goal is to ensure increased uptake of preventive oral self-care by 2020. This would require the design public health programmes that will ensure children place premium on preventive oral health care uptake. One effort in that direction is the need for countries to define baseline measures on use of preventive oral self-care measures by their population as well as identify factors that impact on its use. This study aims to determine the prevalence and the impact of age and sex on the use of recommended oral self-care measures by pupils in Southern Nigeria.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pupils age 8 to 16 years (N = 2,676) in two urban sites in Southern Nigeria completed a questionnaire about recommended oral self-care (use of fluoridated toothpaste, flossing, regularity of consuming sugary snacks between main meals), time of the last dental check-up and cigarette smoking habit. Chi square was used to test association between age (8-10years, 11-16 years), sex, and use of recommended oral self-care. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of use of recommended oral self-care.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only 7.8% of the study population practiced the recommended oral self-care. Older adolescents had an 8.0% increased odds (OR: 1.08; CI:0.81-1.43; p = 0.61) and males had a 20.0% decreased odds (OR: 0.80; CI:0.60-1.06; p = 0.12) of practicing recommended oral self-care though observed differences were not statistically significant. Very few respondents (12.7%) had visited the dental clinic for a check-up in the last one year. Majority of the respondents (92.2%) were non-smokers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of a combination of oral self-care approaches was very low for this study population. Age and sex were predictive factors for the use of components of the oral self-care measures but not significant predictors of use of recommended oral self-care. Future studies would be required to understand 'why' and 'how' age and sex impacts on the use of caries preventive oral self-care measures to be able to design effective prevention educational programmes for the study population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. toyinukpong@yahoo.co.uk.
authors.forename: Morenike O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Folayan
authors.forename: Mohammad R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Khami
authors.forename: Nneka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Onyejaka
authors.forename: Bamidele O
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Popoola
authors.forename: Yewande Isabella
authors.initials: YI
authors.lastname: Adeyemo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D001294:Attitude to Health; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003729:Dental Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003742:Dental Devices, Home Care; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005459:Fluorides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009549:Nigeria; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D012648:Self Care; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking; D062410:Snacks; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014504:Urban Health
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D014100:Toothpastes; D005459:Fluorides