title: Comparison of periodontal ligament anesthesia and submucosal infiltration anesthesia in healthy volunteers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare periodontal ligament anesthesia using a computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery system (C-CLADS) and submucosal infiltration anesthesia using a manually operated syringe in terms of the injection pain, anesthetic effect, anesthetic dose, and complications in healthy volunteers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty healthy volunteers, aged 18 to 56 years, were recruited from September 2012 to May 2013 in the Department of Stomatology of Peking Union Medical College Hospital. A randomized self-controlled trial was conducted by applying a periodontal ligament anesthesia on one side and conventional manual submucosal infiltration anesthesia to the other (control) side. The differences in the onset time of anesthesia, drug dosage, anesthetic effect, and the degree of injection pain were compared. The complications associated with the two anesthesia methods were also recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When using C-CLADS to perform a periodontal ligament anesthesia, the drug dosage and the severity of injection pain were significantly less than those of conventional manual infiltration anesthesia [drug dosage: (0.34±0.09)ml vs.(0.55±0.13)ml, P<0.01; VRS: 0.42±0.73 vs. 1.38±0.92, P<0.01; VAS: 1.34±1.21 vs. 3.10±1.70, P<0.01]. The anesthesia success rate was approximately 90.0%, showing no significant difference relative to conventional submucosal infiltration anesthesia. Approximately 24% of the volunteers experienced postoperative pain after periodontal ligament anesthesia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared with conventional submucosal infiltration anesthesia using manual syringes, periodontal ligament anesthesia performed using C-CLADS can reduce the injection pain and drug dosage while achieving a satisfactory anesthetic effect; however, a considerable proportion of cases may experience postoperative pain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology,PUMC Hospital,CAMS and PUMC,Beijing 100730,China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology,PUMC Hospital,CAMS and PUMC,Beijing 100730,China.
authors.forename: Kuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology,PUMC Hospital,CAMS and PUMC,Beijing 100730,China.
authors.forename: Quan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Jing
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology,PUMC Hospital,CAMS and PUMC,Beijing 100730,China.
authors.forename: Ling-jia
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology,PUMC Hospital,CAMS and PUMC,Beijing 100730,China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology,PUMC Hospital,CAMS and PUMC,Beijing 100730,China.
authors.forename: Bin-bin
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Tian
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000766:Anesthesia, Dental / Q000379:methods*; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010513:Periodontal Ligament; D055815:Young Adult