title: Mediators of monocyte migration in response to recovery modalities following resistance exercise.
abstract: Mediators of monocyte migration, complement receptor-3 (CR3), and chemokine ligand-4 (CCL4) were measured in response to recovery modalities following resistance exercise. Thirty resistance-trained men (23.1 ± 2.9 y; 175.2 ± 7.1 cm; 82.1 ± 8.4 kg) were given neuromuscular electric stimulation (NMES), cold water immersion (CWI), or control (CON) treatments immediately following resistance exercise. Blood samples were obtained preexercise (PRE), immediately (IP), 30 minutes (30 P), 24 hours (24 H), and 48 hours (48 H) after exercise for measurement of circulating CCL4 and CR3 expression on CD14+ monocytes, by assay and flow cytometry. Circulating CCL4 showed no consistent changes. Inferential analysis indicated that CR3 expression was likely greater in CON at 30 P than NMES (90.0%) or CWI (86.8%). NMES was likely lower than CON at 24 H (92.9%) and very likely lower at 48 H (98.7%). Expression of CR3 following CWI was very likely greater than CON (96.5%) at 24 H. The proportion of CR3+ monocytes was likely greater following CWI than NMES (85.8%) or CON (85.2%) at 24 H. The change in proportion of CR3+ monocytes was likely (86.4%) greater following NMES than CON from IP to 30 P. The increased expression of CR3 and increased proportion of CR3+ monocytes following CWI at 24 H indicate a potentially improved ability for monocyte adhesion to the endothelium, possibly improving phagocytosis of damaged tissues.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Adam R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Jajtner
authors.affiliation: Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Maren S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Fragala
authors.affiliation: Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Jeremy R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Townsend
authors.affiliation: Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Adam M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.affiliation: Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Adam J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Wells
authors.affiliation: Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.affiliation: Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Stout
authors.affiliation: Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Jay R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Hoffman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054407:Chemokine CCL4 / Q000097:blood; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen