title: Modulation of the myeloid compartment of the immune system by angiogenic- and kinase inhibitor-targeted anti-cancer therapies.
abstract: Targeted therapies were rationally designed to inhibit molecular pathways in tumor cells critically involved in growth and survival; however, many drugs used in targeted therapies may affect the immune system. In addition, selected conventional chemotherapeutic agents have also been reported to be endowed with direct or indirect effects on immunity, for instance via immunogenic death of tumors. Thus, cancer therapies may have off-target effects, some of which are directed to the immune system. Here, we will review some of these effects in specific therapeutic approaches. We will examine the modulation of the immune contexture in human sarcoma and melanoma induced by anti-angiogenic therapies and by BRAF inhibitors, respectively. We will then discuss how the anti-tumor agent trabectedin is selectively cytotoxic to cells of the monocytic-macrophage lineage and how these immune-related effects can be part of the response to treatment.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumor, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Castelli
authors.forename: Licia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rivoltini
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rodolfo
authors.forename: Marcella
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tazzari
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Belgiovine
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Allavena
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D022423:Myeloid Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012509:Sarcoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors