title: Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) guided sequential sclerotherapy for maxillofacial vein malformation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Venous malformations commonly occur in the head and neck and affect the patient's appearance and also cause pain, ulcers, and bleeding. Current treatment options have many limitations and it is necessary to explore alternate methods to address these malformations. This work was aimed to explore the best method for treating patients with maxillofacial vein malformation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Guided by digital subtraction angiography, 43 patients with maxillofacial vein malformation were treated with sequential sclerotherapy intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients were followed up for 7 months to 3 years. Lesions completely recessed in 7 cases. Recession rates were greater than 50% in 28 cases, 25-50% in 5 cases, and less than 25% in 3 cases. No severe complications occurred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sclerotherapy with ethanol and pingyangmycin is a safe and effective method of treating maxillofacial vein malformation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital, College of Medicine, Southeast University, Xuzhou, China. mrocket@126.com.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Q-W
authors.initials: QW
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.forename: Q-P
authors.initials: QP
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Z-P
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Y-M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Si
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D000431:Ethanol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005145:Face / Q000098:blood supply; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019767:Maxillofacial Abnormalities / Q000628:therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015911:Sclerotherapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D054079:Vascular Malformations / Q000628:therapy*; D014680:Veins / Q000002:abnormalities*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D012597:Sclerosing Solutions; D001761:Bleomycin; D000431:Ethanol; C025703:bleomycetin