title: Intestinal microbiota in metabolic diseases: from bacterial community structure and functions to species of pathophysiological relevance.
abstract: The trillions of bacterial cells that colonize the mammalian digestive tract influence both host physiology and the fate of dietary compounds. Gnotobionts and fecal transplantation have been instrumental in revealing the causal role of intestinal bacteria in energy homeostasis and metabolic dysfunctions such as type-2 diabetes. However, the exact contribution of gut bacterial metabolism to host energy balance is still unclear and knowledge about underlying molecular mechanisms is scant. We have previously characterized cecal bacterial community functions and host responses in diet-induced obese mice using omics approaches. Based on these studies, we here discuss issues on the relevance of mouse models, give evidence that the metabolism of cholesterol-derived compounds by gut bacteria is of particular importance in the context of metabolic disorders and that dominant species of the family Coriobacteriaceae are good models to study these functions.
authors.affiliation: Junior Research Group Intestinal Microbiome; ZIEL-Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences; Technische Universität München; Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Clavel
authors.affiliation: Molecular Nutrition Unit; ZIEL-Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences; Technische Universität München; Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Desmarchelier
authors.affiliation: Chair of Nutrition and Immunology; Biofunctionality Unit; ZIEL-Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences; Technische Universität München; Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Haller
authors.affiliation: INRA / AgroParisTech; Micalis UMR1319; Jouy-en-Josas, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gérard
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Chemistry; Hamburg School of Food Science; University of Hamburg; Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Sascha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rohn
authors.affiliation: INRA / AgroParisTech; Micalis UMR1319; Jouy-en-Josas, France.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lepage
authors.affiliation: Molecular Nutrition Unit; ZIEL-Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences; Technische Universität München; Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.
authors.forename: Hannelore
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Daniel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000378:metabolism*; D058448:Biota; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology*; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D008820:Mice, Obese
chemical_list: D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: Coriobacteriaceae; bile acids; diabetes; high-fat diet; intestinal microbiota; metabolomics; metaproteome; mouse models; obesity; steroids