title: [Kinetic models for determination of yeast in fresh jujube using near infrared spectroscopy].
abstract: The objectives of this study were: (1) to optimize a near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy model for fresh jujube stored at room temperature to predict the quality change (yeast growth), (2) to establish a kinetic model of yeast growth for fresh jujubes at room temperature according to NIR spectroscopy data and storage time, and (3) to predict the shelf life of fresh jujube at room temperature. The Lizao samples of fresh jujubes were adopted as the research object in the study. The NIR spectral data were achieved before yeast infection level measured. In order to optimize the NIR model, the pretreatment techniques such as Savitzky-Golay smoothing (S-G smoothing), multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), first derivative (1-Der) and second derivative (2-Der) were compared with the raw spectra by using a statistical software package (Unscrambler 9.8), and the regression coefficient (RC) method was used to choose the characteristic wavenumber. Multiple linear regression (MLR) was applied as NIR modeling method. According to the predicted yeast infection level using NIR model, the chemical kinetic models of spectral data and storage time at room temperature with zero-order and first-order reaction were established by using a statistical software package (SPSS 18). The shelf life could be predicted based on the chemical kinetic model. The results showed that the characteristic wave numbers of 10 300, 8 330, 6 900, 5 666, 5 150 and 4 060 cm(-1) in the whole near-infrared range with MSC technique could be chosen to model the quality deterioration of fresh jujube at room temperature. The NIR model that produced the best prediction had the form of B = 320.027 - 233.920(chi1) - 206.663(chi2) - 61.584(chi3) - 14.847(chi4) - 2.680(chi5) - 9.131(chi6), where B is yeast value (lg/cfu x g(-1)), chi1-chi6 are absorbance value of characteristic wavenumber. The correlation coefficient of calibration (R(c)) was 0.950, the root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC) was 2. 560, the correlation coefficient of prediction (R(p)) was 0.863, and the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) was 2.447. The zero-order reaction kinetic model performed better than the first-order model. The zero-order reaction kinetic model of yeast growth with storage time was predicted by B(t) = 171.395-124.445(chi1) - 109.945(chi2) - 32.763(chi3) - 7.899(chi4) - 1.426(chi5) - 4.857(chi6) + 0.045t with a correlation coefficient of 0.996. Based on the linear correlation between the NIR measurement and storage time, the shelf life of fresh jujube at room temperature was predicted to be 8 days for the yeast infection level less than 10 cfu x g(-1). The study showed that the NIR when combed with kinetic models could be used as a non-destructive, rapid method to detect the yeast growth in fresh jujube, and to predict the shelf life and ensure the quality and safety of fresh jujube.
authors.forename: Yao-Hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Cong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D005638:Fruit / Q000382:microbiology; D007700:Kinetics; D016014:Linear Models; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared; D031957:Ziziphus / Q000382:microbiology*