title: Endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis is activated in intestines of mice with Trichinella spiralis infection.
abstract: Gastrointestinal helminth infection, including Trichinella spiralis, initiates a series of intestinal structural, cellular and physiological changes. Intestinal invasion is an important stage of trichinellosis because it determines the development and subsequent course of the disease and its consequences. Apoptosis mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) plays a key role in infectious diseases, but the effect of T. spiralis infection on inducing apoptosis in the small intestine has been neglected. We investigated apoptosis and changes in ERS-associated apoptosis molecules in the intestine of mice with T. spiralis infection. TUNEL staining and detection of the apoptotic marker cleaved caspase 3 revealed that apoptosis occurred in the mouse intestine at days 3 and 7 post-infection. The ER chaperone 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) was upregulated at days 3 and 7 post-infection. The ERS-associated apoptosis molecules C/EBP homologous protein, cleaved caspase 12 and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase were upregulated at days 3 and 7, days 3, 7 and 10 and days 7 and 10 post-infection, respectively. Thus, apoptosis occurred in the intestine of mice with T. spiralis infection, and the ERS-mediated apoptosis pathway was activated by infection with this small intestine dwelling nematode.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China. Electronic address: yuyr@bjmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yan-Rong
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Technical Center of Shandong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Qingdao 266002, China.
authors.forename: Ming-Jun
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Wei-Wei
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Jin-Sheng
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Mo-Zhi
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Laboratory of Bioactive Molecule, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China. Electronic address: yongfenqi@163.com.
authors.forename: Yong-Fen
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Qi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D053454:Caspase 12 / Q000378:metabolism; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; D059865:Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007583:Jejunum / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology*; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D011817:Rabbits; D051742:Transcription Factor CHOP / Q000378:metabolism; D017160:Trichinella spiralis / Q000502:physiology*; D014235:Trichinellosis / Q000473:pathology*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: C497250:Ddit3 protein, mouse; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; C000717248:Hspa5 protein, mouse; D051742:Transcription Factor CHOP; D053454:Caspase 12
keywords: Apoptosis; Endoplasmic reticulum stress; Gastrointestinal helminth; Trichinella spiralis