title: Prolactin increases tumor necrosis factor alpha expression in peripheral CD14 monocytes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is one of the major proinflammatory mediators of rheumatic arthritis (RA); the regulatory factors for TNF-α release is not fully understood. This study aims to investigate the role of prolactin receptor (PRLR) activation in regulating the expression and release of TNF-α from CD14(+) monocytes. The results showed that the expression of PRLR was detectable in CD14(+) monocytes of healthy subjects, which was markedly increased in RA patients. Exposure to PRL in the culture increased the expression and release of TNF-α from CD14(+) monocytes, which was abolished by the PRLR gene silencing or blocking the mitogen activated protein (MAPK) pathway. We conclude that exposure to PRL increases TNF-α release from CD14(+) monocytes of RA patients, which can be abolished by PRLR gene silencing or treating with MAPK inhibitor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 1 Panfu Road, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 1 Panfu Road, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xiaojun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 1 Panfu Road, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jinghua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 1 Panfu Road, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Weinian
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 1 Panfu Road, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Zhixiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 1 Panfu Road, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Fangfei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 1 Panfu Road, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: xycai@medmail.com.cn.
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000276:immunology*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000276:immunology; D020868:Gene Silencing; D006801:Humans; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000276:immunology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D011388:Prolactin / Q000378:metabolism; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011981:Receptors, Prolactin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011981:Receptors, Prolactin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D011388:Prolactin; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
keywords: Methylation specific PCR; Mitogen activated protein; Prolactin; Rheumatoid arthritis; Tumor necrosis factor-α