title: Protected zone ventilation and reduced personal exposure to airborne cross-infection.
abstract: The main objective of this study was to examine the performance of protected zone ventilation (PZV) and hybrid protected zone ventilation (HPZV) to reduce the direct exposure to exhaled air from others' breathing. Experimental measurements are carried out to test the performance of PZV in a full-scale office room with two breathing thermal manikins. The measurements were performed under three configurations, including two standing manikins at different distances: 0.35, 0.5, and 1.1 m. When the supply air velocity is increased to 4 m/s in the downward plane jet, the dimensionless concentration is 40% lower than for fully mixed ventilation, which can be considered as a measure of protection from the zoning condition. The measurement results showed that in both the PZV and the HPZV system it is possible to decrease the transmission of tracer gas from one manikin to the opposite manikin; therefore, it probably would reduce the risk of air borne cross-infection between two people at the same relative positions. The results suggest that PZV and HPZV may be used to reduce the exposure of people in a protected zone from indoor pollutants emitted in a source zone.
authors.affiliation: Smart Energy and System Integration, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: P V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Heiselberg
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Heikkinen
mesh_terms: D000392:Air Movements; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D045853:Exhalation; D006801:Humans; D019570:Inhalation Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008348:Manikins; D012119:Respiration; D014691:Ventilation / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Air velocity; Cross-infection; Exposure; Indoor contaminants; Plane jet; Protected zone ventilation