title: Towards an Automated MEMS-based Characterization of Benign and Cancerous Breast Tissue using Bioimpedance Measurements.
abstract: Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems (MEMS) are desirable for use within medical diagnostics because of their capacity to manipulate and analyze biological materials at the microscale. Biosensors can be incorporated into portable lab-on-a-chip devices to quickly and reliably perform diagnostics procedure on laboratory and clinical samples. In this paper, electrical impedance-based measurements were used to distinguish between benign and cancerous breast tissues using microchips in a real-time and label-free manner. Two different microchips having inter-digited electrodes (10 µm width with 10 µm spacing and 10 µm width with 30 µm spacing) were used for measuring the impedance of breast tissues. The system employs Agilent E4980A precision impedance analyzer. The impedance magnitude and phase were collected over a frequency range of 100 Hz to 2 MHz. The benign group and cancer group showed clearly distinguishable impedance properties. At 200 kHz, the difference in impedance of benign and cancerous breast tissue was significantly higher (3110 Ω) in the case of microchips having 10 µm spacing compared to microchip having 30 µm spacing (568 Ω).
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Maryland Robotics Center, Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
authors.forename: Hardik J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Pandya
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Maryland Robotics Center, Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
authors.forename: Hyun Tae
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Maryland Robotics Center, Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
authors.forename: Rajarshi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomedical Imaging and Informatics, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ-08901, USA.
authors.forename: Wenjin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomedical Imaging and Informatics, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ-08901, USA.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cong
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ-08903, USA.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomedical Imaging and Informatics, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ-08901, USA.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Foran
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Maryland Robotics Center, Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
authors.forename: Jaydev P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Desai
keywords: Bioimpedance; Breast Cancer; Inter-digited Electrodes; MEMS sensor; Tissue Micro Array