title: Flake size-dependent cyto and genotoxic evaluation of graphene oxide on in vitro A549, CaCo2 and vero cell lines.
abstract: This study was carried out by varying both graphene oxide (GO) concentration (10 &#956;g/mL, 50 &#956;g/mL, 100 &#956;g/mL) and flakes sizes of 1320 nm and 130 nm. Characterization by scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy demonstrate that the area of GO flakes varies of one order of magnitude but their chemical structure remains unmodified. A 24-h cytotoxicity test showed, for A549, a loss in the viability, while the test exhibits overall a positive increase in the viability for CaCo2 and Vero. A 24-h comet assay shows a marked GO genotoxicity: for micrometer-sized GO flakes the genotoxicity is in positive correlation with the concentration, while for nanometer-sized GO flakes there was a high degree of genotoxicity at the lowest concentration tested.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of LAquila, LAquila, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: De Marzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of LAquila, LAquila, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ottaviano
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of LAquila, LAquila, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Perrozzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of LAquila, LAquila, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nardone
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of LAquila, LAquila, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Santucci
authors.affiliation: Unit of Experimental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology CERETOX, Barcelona Science Park Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: De Lapuente
authors.affiliation: Unit of Experimental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology CERETOX, Barcelona Science Park Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Borras
authors.affiliation: CNR-ISOF, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Treossi
authors.affiliation: CNR-ISOF, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Palermo
authors.affiliation: Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of LAquila, LAquila, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Poma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004249:DNA Damage; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010316:Particle Size; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D014709:Vero Cells
chemical_list: D006108:Graphite