title: Translation and initial validation of the Chinese (Cantonese) version of community integration measure for use in patients with chronic stroke.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To (1) translate and culturally adapt the English version Community Integration Measure into Chinese (Cantonese), (2) report the results of initial validation of the Chinese (Cantonese) version of CIM (CIM-C) including the content validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and factor structure of CIM-C for use in stroke survivors in a Chinese community setting, and (3) investigate the level of community integration of stroke survivors living in Hong Kong.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University-based rehabilitation centre.
  
  
  METHODS
  62 (n = 62) subjects with chronic stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  The CIM-C was produced after forward-backward translation, expert panel review, and pretesting. 25 (n = 25) of the same subjects were reassessed after a 1-week interval.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The items of the CIM-C demonstrated high internal consistency with a Cronbach's α of 0.84. The CIM-C showed good test-retest reliability with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.84 (95% confidence interval, 0.64-0.93). A 3-factor structure of the CIM-C including "relationship and engagement," "sense of knowing," and "independent living," was consistent with the original theoretical model. Hong Kong stroke survivors revealed a high level of community integration as measured by the CIM-C (mean (SD): 43.48 (5.79)).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CIM-C is a valid and reliable measure for clinical use.
authors.affiliation: School of Science and Technology, The Open University of Hong Kong, Ho Man Tin, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Tai-Wa
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7860-8089
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Shamay S M
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Gabriel Y F
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Ng
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000523:psychology*; D062309:Community Integration / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life; D020521:Stroke / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires