title: In vivo degradation of 14C-labeled porcine dermis biologic scaffold.
abstract: Biologic scaffold materials are used for repair and reconstruction of injured or missing tissues. Such materials are often composed of allogeneic or xenogeneic extracellular matrix (ECM) manufactured by decellularization of source tissue, such as dermis. Dermal ECM (D-ECM) has been observed to degrade and remodel in vivo more slowly than other biologic scaffold materials, such as small intestinal submucosa (SIS-ECM). Histologic examination is a common method for evaluating material degradation, but it lacks sensitivity and is subject to observer bias. Utilization of (14)C-proline labeled ECM is a quantitative alternative for measuring degradation of ECM scaffolds. Using both methods, the amount of degradation of D-ECM and SIS-ECM was determined at 2, 4, and 24 weeks post-implantation in a rodent model. Results utilizing (14)C liquid scintillation counting (LSC) analysis showed distinct differences in degradation at the three time points. D-ECM material in situ stayed the same at 76% remaining from 2 to 4 weeks post-implantation, and then decreased to 44% remaining at 24 weeks. In the same time period, implanted SIS-ECM material decreased from 72% to 13% to 0%. Visual examination of device degradation by histology overestimated degradation at 2 weeks and underestimated device degradation at 24 weeks, compared to the (14)C method.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA. Electronic address: careyle@upmc.edu.
authors.forename: Lisa E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Carey
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. Electronic address: dearthcl2@upmc.edu.
authors.forename: Christopher L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Dearth
authors.affiliation: McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA. Electronic address: johnsonsa4@upmc.edu.
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. Electronic address: londonor@upmc.edu.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Londono
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA. Electronic address: medberrycj@upmc.edu.
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Medberry
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Agriculture, GPO Box 858, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia. Electronic address: dalyka@upmc.edu.
authors.forename: Kerry A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Daly
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. Electronic address: badylaks@upmc.edu.
authors.forename: Stephen F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Badylak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D020405:Dermis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005260:Female; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012588:Scintillation Counting / Q000379:methods; D013552:Swine; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes
keywords: (14)C quantification; Biomaterial degradation; Dermis; Extracellular matrix