title: Vasospastic limb ischemia presenting acute and chronic limb ischemia.
abstract: Vasospastic limb ischemia might have been underappreciated compared to vasospasm in other territories such as heart and brain. However, an increasing awareness of this vascular disorder can be translated to an improved patients' care. Herein, we report a case of vasospasm presenting acute and chronic limb ischemia in four extremities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kaneyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan ; Department of Advanced Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Osami
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kawarada
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan ; Department of Advanced Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan ; Department of Advanced Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan ; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ogawa
keywords: limb ischemia; recurrence; vasospasm