title: Anti-inflammatory activity of questinol isolated from marine-derived fungus Eurotium amstelodami in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages.
abstract: In the present study, an anthraquinone derivative, questinol was successfully isolated from the broth extract of the marine-derived fungus Eurotium amstelodami for the first time. The structure of questinol was determined based on the analysis of the MS and NMR spectral data as well as comparison of those data with the published data. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory effect of questinol in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells was investigated. The results showed that questinol did not exhibit cytotoxicity in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells up to 200 µM. Questinol could significantly inhibit NO and PGE2 production at indicated concentrations. Questinol was also found to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Furthermore, the western blot analysis showed that questinol suppressed the expression level of iNOS in a dose-dependent manner. However, questinol could slightly inhibit the expression of COX-2 at the concentration of 200 µM. Therefore, our study suggests that questinol might be selected as a promising agent for the prevention and therapy of inflammatory disease.
authors.affiliation: Changchun Center of Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xiudong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Min-Cheol
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Eun-A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sung-Myung
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: You-Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Jeon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000880:Anthraquinones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059001:Aquatic Organisms / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002460:Cell Line; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D055325:Eurotium / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000880:Anthraquinones; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016207:Cytokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; C077623:Ptgs2 protein, mouse; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D015232:Dinoprostone