title: Epidermal differentiation complex (locus 1q21) gene expression in head and neck cancer and normal mucosa.
abstract: Epidermal differentiation complex (EDC) comprises a number of genes associated with human skin diseases including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and hyperkeratosis. These genes have also been linked to numerous cancers, among them skin, gastric, colorectal, lung, ovarian and renal carcinomas. The involvement of EDC components encoding S100 proteins, small proline-rich proteins (SPRRs) and other genes in the tumorigenesis of head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) has been previously suggested. The aim of the study was to systematically analyze the expression of EDC components on the transcript level in HNSCC. Tissue specimens from 93 patients with HNC of oral cavity and 87 samples from adjacent or distant grossly normal oral mucosawere analyzed. 48 samples (24 tumor and 24 corresponding surrounding tissue) were hybridized to Affymetrix GeneChip Human 1.0 ST Arrays. For validation by quantitative real-time PCR (QPCR) the total RNA from all180 samples collected in the study was analyzed with Real-Time PCR system and fluorescent amplicon specific-probes. Additional set of samples from 14 patients with laryngeal carcinoma previously obtained by HG-U133 Plus 2.0 microarray was also included in the analyses. The expression of analyzed EDC genes was heterogeneous. Two transcripts (S100A1 and S100A4) were significantly down-regulated in oral cancer when compared to normal mucosa (0.69 and 0.36-fold change, respectively), showing an opposite pattern of expression to the remaining S100 genes. Significant up-regulation in tumors was found for S100A11, S100A7, LCE3D, S100A3 and S100A2 genes. The increased expression of S100A7 was subsequently validated by QPCR, confirming significant differences. The remaining EDC genes, including all encoding SPRR molecules, did not show any differences between oral cancer and normal mucosa. The observed differences were also assessed in the independent set of laryngeal cancer samples, confirming the role of S100A3 and LCE3D transcripts in HNC. In HNC of oral cavity only one family of EDC genes (S100 proteins) showed significant cancer-related differences. A number of other transcripts which showed altered expression in HNC require further validation.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tyszkiewicz
authors.affiliation: Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch. mjarzab@io.gliwice.pl.
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jarzab
authors.forename: Cezary
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Szymczyk
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kowal
authors.forename: Jolanta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krajewska
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jaworska
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fraczek
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krajewska
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hadas
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Swierniak
authors.forename: Jaroslaw
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Markowski
authors.forename: Dariusz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lange
authors.forename: Stanislaw
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Poltorak
authors.forename: Malgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wiench
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Krecicki
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jarzab
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maciejewski
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002878:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 / Q000235:genetics; D055233:Cornified Envelope Proline-Rich Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D056426:Genetic Loci; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D055233:Cornified Envelope Proline-Rich Proteins; C524769:LCE3D protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D009418:S100 Proteins