title: Listening to a personal music player is associated with fewer but more serious injuries among snowboarders in a terrain park: a case-control study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Some snowboarders listen to music on a personal music player and the objective was to determine if listening to music was associated with injury in a terrain park.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study was conducted at a terrain park in Alberta, Canada during the 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 winter seasons. Cases were snowboarders who were injured in the terrain park and presented to either the ski patrol and/or a nearby emergency department (ED). Demographic, environmental and injury characteristics were collected from standardised ski patrol Accident Report Forms, ED medical records and telephone interviews. Controls were uninjured snowboarders using the same terrain park and were interviewed as they approached the lift-line on randomly selected days and times. Multivariable logistic regression determined if listening to music was associated with the odds of snowboard injury.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 333 injured cases and 1261 non-injured controls were enrolled; 69 (21%) cases and 425 (34%) controls were listening to music. Snowboarders listening to music had significantly lower odds of injury compared with those not listening to music (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.68; 95% CI 0.48 to 0.98). Snowboarders listening to music had significantly higher odds of presenting to the ED versus ski patrol only compared with those not listening to music (adjusted OR 2.09; 95% CI 1.07 to 4.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While listening to music decreased the odds of any injury in the terrain park, it increased the odds of an injury resulting in ED presentation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
authors.forename: Kelly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Roger Jackson Centre for Health and Wellness Research, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
authors.forename: Willem
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Meeuwisse
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nettel-Aguirre
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Roger Jackson Centre for Health and Wellness Research, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
authors.forename: Carolyn A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Emery
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
authors.forename: Shantel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gushue
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
authors.forename: Jillian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wishart
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Roger Jackson Centre for Health and Wellness Research, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Romanow
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
authors.forename: Brian H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Rowe
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada.
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Goulet
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
authors.forename: Brent E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Hagel
mesh_terms: D000416:Alberta / Q000453:epidemiology; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009146:Music; D012865:Skiing / Q000293:injuries*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Epidemiology; Sporting injuries