title: [Clinical course and prognosis of patients with urolithiasis in a pediatric hospital].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nephrolithiasis is considered rare in pediatrics. Information available is not sufficient to establish its prognosis with certainty. The purpose of this research was to describe the signs, symptoms, complications and recurrence shown by pediatric patients with urolithiasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records of pediatric patients with urolithiasis were identified for the period from 2003 to 2009.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty patients were included, out of which 26.2 % had some comorbidity and 31 % had a family history of lithiasis. The cardinal symptom was abdominal pain (65 %) and the most important sign was gross hematuria (46.6%). 72.9 % had some metabolic abnormality (predominantly hypercalciuria), 97.9 % received medical and 70 % surgical treatment. Diet modification was the most widely used medical treatment (95.7%). In 52 % initial treatment was surgical. During the follow-up, 18.7% recurred and 12 % had renal failure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The most common clinical conditions were abdominal pain, gross hematuria and dysuria. The most common metabolic cause was hypercalciuria, whereas the most common structural cause was ureteropielic stenosis. About 15 % recurred and 12 % were at risk of progression to kidney failure.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Nefrología Pediátrica, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Distrito Federal, México. miguel.villasis@imss.gob.mx.
authors.forename: José Manuel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ubillo-Sánchez
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bonilla-Rojas
authors.forename: Luis Alberto
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Peña
authors.forename: Jessie Nallely
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Zurita-Cruz
authors.forename: Rocío
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cárdenas-Navarrete
authors.forename: Juana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Serret-Montoya
authors.forename: Miguel Angel
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Villasís-Keever
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D052878:Urolithiasis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy
keywords: Adolescent; Child; Urolithiasis