title: [CXCR3 and CXCL10 in autoimmune thyroiditis].
abstract: The chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 (CXCL10, also called IP-10) was initially identified as a chemokine that is induced by interferon (IFN)-γ. CXCL10 exerts its function through binding to chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 3 (CXCR3). CXCL10 and its receptor, CXCR3, appear to contribute to the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases, organ specific (such as type 1 diabetes, Graves' disease and ophthalmopathy), or systemic (such as systemic lupus erythematosus, mixed cryoglobulinemia, Sjogren syndrome, or systemic sclerosis). The secretion of CXCL10 by CD4+, CD8+, and natural killer is dependent on IFN-γ. Under the influence of IFN-γ, CXCL10 is secreted by thyrocytes. Determination of high level of CXCL10 in peripheral fluids is therefore a marker of a T helper 1 orientated immune response. High levels of circulating CXCL10, have been shown in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis (AT). Among patients with AT, CXCL10 levels were significantly higher in those with a hypoechoic ultrasonographic pattern, that is a sign of a more severe lympho-monocytic infiltration, and in those with hypothyroidism. For these reasons it has been postulated that CXCL10 could be a marker of a stronger and more aggressive inflammatory response in the thyroid, subsequently leading to thyroid destruction and hypothyroidism. Further studies are needed to investigate whether CXCL10 is a novel therapeutic target in AT.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Pisa, Pisa.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ruffilli
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Pisa, Pisa.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche Materno-Infantili e dell'Adulto, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Colaci
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche Materno-Infantili e dell'Adulto, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italia.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ferri
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Pisa, Pisa.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Politti
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Pisa, Pisa.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Antonelli
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Pisa, Pisa.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fallahi
mesh_terms: D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000378:metabolism; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10 / Q000378:metabolism*; D003449:Cryoglobulinemia / Q000378:metabolism; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000378:metabolism; D050031:Hashimoto Disease / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D054367:Receptors, CXCR3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D013967:Thyroiditis, Autoimmune / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C114753:CXCL10 protein, human; C515187:CXCR3 protein, human; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D054367:Receptors, CXCR3; D007371:Interferon-gamma