title: An in vitro study to evaluate the effect of two ethanol-based and two acetone-based dental bonding agents on the bond strength of composite to enamel treated with 10% carbamide peroxide.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Carbamide peroxide bleaching has been implicated in adversely affecting the bond strength of composite to enamel. The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of ethanol-based (Clearfil S 3 bond, Kuraray, Adper Single bond 2, 3M ESPE dental products) and acetone-based (Prime and Bond NT, Dentsply, One Step, Bisco) bonding agents on the shear bond strength of composite to enamel treated with 10% carbamide peroxide bleaching agent.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 120 extracted human noncarious permanent incisors were randomly divided into two groups (control and experimental). Experimental group specimens were subjected to a bleaching regimen with a 10% carbamide peroxide bleaching system (Opalescence; Ultradent Products Inc, South Jordan, USA). Composite resin cylinders were bonded to the specimens using four bonding agents and shear bond strength was determined with universal testing machine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no statistically significant difference in the shear bond strength between control and experimental groups with both ethanol-based (Clearfil S 3 Bond and Adper Single Bond 2) and acetone-based bonding agent (Prime and Bond NT and One Step).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The adverse effect of bleaching on bonding composite to enamel can be reduced or eliminated by using either ethanol- or acetone-based bonding agent. Clinical Significances: Immediate bonding following bleaching procedure can be done using ethanol- or acetone-based bonding agent without compromising bond strength.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Maratha Mandal's Nathajirao Guruanna Halgekar Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Belgaum, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Deepa Basavaraj
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Benni
authors.forename: Satyajith N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Naik
authors.forename: V V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Subbareddy
mesh_terms: D000096:Acetone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D003188:Composite Resins; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003743:Dental Enamel; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D010545:Peroxides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014508:Urea / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D010545:Peroxides; D000096:Acetone; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D000431:Ethanol; D014508:Urea