title: Immunization-induced Anaplasma marginale-specific T-lymphocyte responses impaired by A. marginale infection are restored after eliminating infection with tetracycline.
abstract: Infection of cattle with Anaplasma marginale fails to prime sustained effector/memory T-cell responses, and high bacterial load may induce antigen-specific CD4 T exhaustion and deletion. We tested the hypothesis that clearance of persistent infection restores the exhausted T-cell response. We show that infection-induced T-cell exhaustion, characterized as loss of antigen-specific proliferation, and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) production are partially restored in cattle following clearance of persistent infection with tetracycline.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Joshua E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Turse
authors.affiliation: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Disease Research Unit, Pullman, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Glen A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Scoles
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Deringer
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Disease Research Unit, Pullman, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Lindsay M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Fry
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA wbrown@vetmed.wsu.edu.
authors.forename: Wendy C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D042322:Anaplasma marginale / Q000276:immunology*; D000712:Anaplasmosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D007114:Immunization; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D013752:Tetracycline / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D013752:Tetracycline