title: A retrospective study of nursing diagnoses, outcomes, and interventions for patients with mental disorders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to describe the most frequent NANDA-I nursing diagnoses, NOC outcomes, and NIC interventions used in nursing care plans in relation to psychiatric diagnosis.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Although numerous studies have described the most prevalent NANDA-I, NIC and NOC labels in association with medical diagnosis in different specialties, only few connect these with psychiatric diagnoses.
  
  
  METHODS
  This multicentric cross-sectional study was developed in Spain. Data were collected retrospectively from the electronic records of 690 psychiatric or psychogeriatric patients in long and medium-term units and, psychogeriatric day-care centres.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most common nursing diagnoses, interventions and outcomes were identified for patients with schizophrenia, organic mental disorders, mental retardation, affective disorders, disorders of adult personality and behavior, mental and behavioural disorders due to psychoactive substance use and neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggest that NANDA-I, NIC and NOC labels combined with psychiatric diagnosis offer a complete description of the patients' actual condition.
authors.affiliation: Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain. Electronic address: escalada.paula@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Escalada-Hernández
authors.affiliation: Clínica Psiquiátrica Padre Menni, Pamplona, Spain. Electronic address: pmunoz@clinicapadremenni.org.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Hermoso
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Psiquiátricas, Bilbao, Spain. Electronic address: egonzalezf@aita-menni.org.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: González-Fraile
authors.affiliation: Universidad del País Vasco, Bilbao, Spain. Electronic address: bsantos001@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Borja
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Complejo Asistencial Hermanas Hospitalarias, Málaga, Spain. Electronic address: jagonzalez@hospitalariasmadrid.org.
authors.forename: José Alonso
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: González-Vargas
authors.affiliation: Benito Menni CASM, Sant Boi, Spain. Electronic address: iferia@hospitalbenitomenni.org.
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Feria-Raposo
authors.affiliation: Centro Neuropsiquiátrico Nuestra Sra. Del Carmen, Garrapinillos, Spain. Electronic address: jlgiron@neuronscarmen.org.
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Girón-García
authors.affiliation: Complejo Hospitalario San Luis, Palencia, Spain. Electronic address: mgarcia@sanluis.org.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: García-Manso
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D009733:Nursing Diagnosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: Mental disorders; NANDA-I nursing diagnoses; NIC interventions; NOC outcomes; Psychiatric diagnoses