title: Nonmedical prescription stimulant use among youth in the emergency department: prevalence, severity and correlates.
abstract: This study examined the prevalence, severity and correlates of nonmedical prescription stimulant use (NPSU) among youth in the emergency department (ED). Participants 14-20 years old presenting to the ED completed a survey. A multinomial logistic regression was used to compare those without NPSU, with mild NPSU and with moderate/severe NPSU on demographics, risk factors and ED utilization. There were 4389 participants; 8.3% reported past-year NPSU and 44% of those with past 3-month NPSU reported at least monthly use. After controlling for demographics, participants with mild NPSU or moderate/severe NPSU had higher odds of all substance use risk factors compared to those with no NPSU. Also, those with moderate/severe NPSU were more likely to report dating violence and nonmedical use of opioids or sedatives and less likely to use marijuana compared to those with mild NPSU. Healthcare setting screening and intervention efforts should consider NPSU concomitant with other substance use and explore the association of dating violence with NPSU.
authors.affiliation: Division of Emergency Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98104 USA. Electronic address: laurenkw@u.washington.edu.
authors.forename: Lauren K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Whiteside
authors.affiliation: Injury Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA; School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Cunningham
authors.affiliation: Injury Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA; University of Michigan, Department of Psychiatry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
authors.forename: Erin E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Bonar
authors.affiliation: Injury Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA; University of Michigan, Department of Psychiatry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA; VA Health Services Research & Development, Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA.
authors.forename: Frederic
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Blow
authors.affiliation: Injury Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA; University of Michigan, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ehrlich
authors.affiliation: Injury Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA; University of Michigan, Department of Psychiatry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
authors.forename: Maureen A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Walton
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D063487:Prescription Drug Misuse / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015995:Prevalence; D012306:Risk; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014754:Violence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants
keywords: Emergency medicine; Nonmedical prescription stimulant use; Substance abuse; Violence; Young adults