title: Regulation of active DNA demethylation by an α-crystallin domain protein in Arabidopsis.
abstract: DNA methylation patterns are dynamically controlled by DNA methylation and active DNA demethylation, but the mechanisms of regulation of active DNA demethylation are not well understood. Through forward genetic screens for Arabidopsis mutants showing DNA hypermethylation at specific loci and increased silencing of reporter genes, we identified IDM2 (increased DNA methylation 2) as a regulator of DNA demethylation and gene silencing. IDM2 dysfunction causes DNA hypermethylation and silencing of reporter genes and some endogenous genes. These effects of idm2 mutations are similar to those of mutations in IDM1, a regulator of active DNA demethylation. IDM2 encodes an α-crystallin domain protein in the nucleus. IDM2 and IDM1 interact physically and partially colocalize at discrete subnuclear foci. IDM2 is required for the full activity of H3K18 acetylation but not H3K23 acetylation of IDM1 in planta. Our results suggest that IDM2 functions in active DNA demethylation and in antisilencing by regulating IDM1.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA.
authors.forename: Weiqiang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA.
authors.forename: Mingguang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA.
authors.forename: Huiming
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA.
authors.forename: Yunhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA.
authors.forename: Zhaobo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Renyi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA. Electronic address: jkzhu@purdue.edu.
authors.forename: Jian-Kang
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019175:DNA Methylation; D018744:DNA, Plant; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D020868:Gene Silencing; D017343:Genes, Plant; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D054730:Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D018744:DNA, Plant; D006657:Histones; C000592316:IDM2 protein, Arabidopsis; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; C573241:IDM1 protein, Arabidopsis