title: Divergence of Drosophila melanogaster repeatomes in response to a sharp microclimate contrast in Evolution Canyon, Israel.
abstract: Repeat sequences, especially mobile elements, make up large portions of most eukaryotic genomes and provide enormous, albeit commonly underappreciated, evolutionary potential. We analyzed repeatomes of Drosophila melanogaster that have been diverging in response to a microclimate contrast in Evolution Canyon (Mount Carmel, Israel), a natural evolutionary laboratory with two abutting slopes at an average distance of only 200 m, which pose a constant ecological challenge to their local biotas. Flies inhabiting the colder and more humid north-facing slope carried about 6% more transposable elements than those from the hot and dry south-facing slope, in parallel to a suite of other genetic and phenotypic differences between the two populations. Nearly 50% of all mobile element insertions were slope unique, with many of them disrupting coding sequences of genes critical for cognition, olfaction, and thermotolerance, consistent with the observed patterns of thermotolerance differences and assortative mating.
authors.affiliation: Virginia Bioinformatics Institute and.
authors.forename: Young Bun
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065; and.
authors.forename: Jung Hun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Virginia Bioinformatics Institute and.
authors.forename: Lauren J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: McIver
authors.affiliation: Institute of Evolution, Haifa University, Haifa 3498838, Israel.
authors.forename: Eugenia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rashkovetsky
authors.affiliation: Virginia Bioinformatics Institute and.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Michalak
authors.affiliation: Virginia Bioinformatics Institute andDepartments of Biological Sciences and.
authors.forename: Harold R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Garner
authors.affiliation: Virginia Bioinformatics Institute and.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Evolution, Haifa University, Haifa 3498838, Israel nevo@research.haifa.ac.il pawel@vbi.vt.edu.
authors.forename: Eviatar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nevo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Evolution, Haifa University, Haifa 3498838, Israel.
authors.forename: Abraham B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Korol
authors.affiliation: Virginia Bioinformatics Institute andDepartments of Biological Sciences andFish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061; nevo@research.haifa.ac.il pawel@vbi.vt.edu.
authors.forename: Pawel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Michalak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D005075:Biological Evolution; D059006:Chromosomes, Insect / Q000235:genetics; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements / Q000235:genetics; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D007557:Israel; D008834:Microclimate; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid / Q000235:genetics*; D014960:X Chromosome / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004251:DNA Transposable Elements
keywords: adaptive evolution; genome sequencing; incipient speciation; microsatellite