title: A review of lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease.
abstract: To critically review recent literature on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients with Parkinson's Disease.A literature search was conducted using the keywords LUTS, urinary symptoms, non-motor, and Parkinson's disease (PD) via the PubMed/Medline search engine. In the literature, we critically examined lower urinary symptoms in Parkinson's patients by analyzing prevalence, pathogenesis, urinary manifestations, pharmacologic trials and interventions, and prior review articles. The data collected ranged from 1986 to the present with an emphasis placed on recent publications.The literature regards LUTS in PD as a major comorbidity, especially with respect to a patient's quality of life. Parkinson's patients experience both storage and voiding difficulties. Storage symptoms, specifically overactive bladder, are markedly worse in patients with PD than in the general population. Surgical management of prostatic obstruction in PD can improve urinary symptoms. Multiple management options exist to alleviate storage LUTS in patients with PD, ranging from behavioral modification to surgery, and vary in efficacy.Lower urinary tract dysfunction in PD may be debilitating. Quality of life can be improved with a multi-pronged diagnosis-specific approach to treatment that takes into consideration a patient's ability to comply with treatment. A stepwise algorithm is presented and may be utilized by clinicians in managing LUTS in Parkinson's patients.
authors.affiliation: State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA, anand.badri@downstate.edu.
authors.forename: Anand V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Badri
authors.forename: Rajveer S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Purohit
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Skenazy
authors.forename: Jeffrey P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: Jerry G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Blaivas
mesh_terms: D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015259:Dopamine Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007980:Levodopa / Q000627:therapeutic use; D059411:Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D013979:Tibial Nerve; D020728:Transurethral Resection of Prostate; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D001748:Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D053201:Urinary Bladder, Overactive / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D014546:Urinary Catheterization / Q000379:methods*; D014547:Urinary Diversion
chemical_list: D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists; D015259:Dopamine Agents; D007980:Levodopa