title: 3,4-DHPEA-EA from Olea Europaea L. is effective against standard and clinical isolates of Staphylococcus sp.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the present work was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of 3,4-DHPEA-EA (methyl-4-(2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenethoxy)-2-oxoethyl)-3-formyl-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-5-carboxylate), a derivate of oleuropein, against a range of Gram-positive bacteria, including ATCC strains, food and clinical isolates.
  
  
  METHODS
  The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 3,4-DHPEA-EA were determined by the broth microdilution method and the Bioscreen C.
  
  
  RESULTS
  3,4-DHPEA-EA was effective against ATCC and clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus (MIC values between 125 and 250 μg/ml) and ATCC and clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis (MIC values between 7.81 and 62.5 μg/ml). No significant differences were observed between the two solvents (methanol and DMSO) used to dissolve 3,4-DHPEA-EA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results obtained could be used to develop novel therapies for the treatment of skin infections. Further studies need to be performed to elucidate the formation of 3,4-DHPEA-EA by acid hydrolysis of oleuropein in the human stomach.
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bisignano
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Filocamo
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ginestra
authors.forename: Salvatore V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Giofre'
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Navarra
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Romeo
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute, University of Messina, Viale Annunziata, 98100 Messina, Italy. gmandalari@unime.it.
authors.forename: Giuseppina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mandalari
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D031658:Olea / Q000737:chemistry*; D010636:Phenols / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011714:Pyrans / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: C121925:3,4-dixydroxyphenylethanol elenolic acid; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010636:Phenols; D064209:Phytochemicals; D011714:Pyrans