title: 1-Hydroxypyrene and oxidative stress marker levels among painting workers and office workers at shipyard.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to assess the association between exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and oxidative stress among shipyard workers.
  
  
  METHODS
  We recruited 82 painting workers in a shipyard and age/sex matched 137 office workers from the same shipyard company. Urine samples were used to assess for 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) as an exposure biomarker for PAHs and to assess for 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (iPF) as a biomarker for oxidative stress. Demographics, smoking, alcohol consumption, and working conditions information were obtained from a questionnaire survey.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Geometric mean concentration (±standard deviation) of urinary 1-OHP among painting workers (587.9 ± 3.45 ng/g creatinine) was approximately 6.9 times higher than that among office workers (85.6 ± 2.09 ng/g creatinine; P value < 0.001). Compared to the office workers (163.5 ± 1.84 ng/g creatinine), the painting workers (190.6 ± 1.64 ng/g creatinine) had significantly higher urinary levels of iPF (P value = 0.044). Smokers had significantly higher urinary levels of iPF than nonsmokers in both painting workers (smokers 217.0 ± 1.63; nonsmokers 159.2 ± 1.52 ng/g creatinine; P value = 0.011) and office workers (smokers 181.3 ± 1.79; nonsmokers 138.4 ± 1.90 ng/g creatinine; P value = 0.015). Smokers among office workers had higher urinary levels of iPF than nonsmokers among painting workers, but difference was not significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrated that among shipyard workers, painting works were significantly associated with the exposure to PAHs, compared with the office works. However, iPF should be cautiously used to characterize the oxidative stress associated with the occupational PAHs exposure, because iPF is substantially affected by other factors such as smoking status.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Environment and Safety, Eulji University, Seongnam, 461-713, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Younglim
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kho
authors.forename: Eun-Hee
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hong Jae
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.forename: Kyungho
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Domyung
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Paek
authors.forename: Sangshin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D009790:Occupations; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010150:Paint / Q000032:analysis*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D011721:Pyrenes / Q000652:urine*; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012767:Ships; D012907:Smoking / Q000652:urine; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D011721:Pyrenes; C075750:8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha; D003404:Creatinine; D015237:Dinoprost; C033146:1-hydroxypyrene