title: Aging of the human innate immune system in HIV infection.
abstract: HIV infection is associated with a chronic inflammatory state arising from multiple factors, including innate immune recognition of HIV, increased microbial translocation, and release of endogenous ligands from damaged cells (such as CD4 T cells). In many respects, this heightened pro-inflammatory environment resembles that associated with aging in the absence of HIV infection, and evidence of dysregulated innate immune responses can be found in not only older HIV-negative adults, but also adults with HIV infection. While the study of innate immune aging in HIV infection is still in its early stages, it seems likely that at least additive, or potentially synergistic effects of aging and HIV infection will be found.
authors.affiliation: Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, Box 208022, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
authors.forename: Heidi J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Zapata
authors.affiliation: Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, Box 208022, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. Electronic address: albert.shaw@yale.edu.
authors.forename: Albert C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Shaw
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000276:immunology*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D051193:Toll-Like Receptors