title: Development of autochthonous microbial consortia for enhanced phytoremediation of salt-marsh sediments contaminated with cadmium.
abstract: Microbial assisted phytoremediation is a promising, though yet poorly explored, new remediation technique. The aim of this study was to develop autochthonous microbial consortia resistant to cadmium that could enhance phytoremediation of salt-marsh sediments contaminated with this metal. The microbial consortia were selectively enriched from rhizosediments colonized by Juncus maritimus and Phragmites australis. The obtained consortia presented similar microbial abundance but a fairly different community structure, showing that the microbial community was a function of the sediment from which the consortia were enriched. The effect of the bioaugmentation with the developed consortia on cadmium uptake, and the microbial community structure associated to the different sediments were assessed using a microcosm experiment. Our results showed that the addition of the cadmium resistant microbial consortia increased J. maritimus metal phytostabilization capacity. On the other hand, in P. australis, microbial consortia amendment promoted metal phytoextraction. The addition of the consortia did not alter the bacterial structure present in the sediments at the end of the experiments. This study provides new evidences that the development of autochthonous microbial consortia for enhanced phytoremediation of salt-marsh sediments contaminated with cadmium might be a simple, efficient, and environmental friendly remediation procedure.
  Development of autochthonous microbial consortia resistant to cadmium that enhanced phytoremediation by salt-marsh plants, without a long term effect on sediment bacterial diversity.
authors.affiliation: Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; Laboratório de Hidrobiologia e Ecologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Catarina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.affiliation: Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: C Marisa R
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.affiliation: Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nunes da Silva
authors.affiliation: Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; Laboratório de Hidrobiologia e Ecologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Adriano A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Bordalo
authors.affiliation: Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: amucha@ciimar.up.pt.
authors.forename: Ana P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Mucha
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology*; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology; D059013:Microbial Consortia; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology; D006109:Poaceae / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D053833:Wetlands
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002104:Cadmium
keywords: Autochthonous bioaugmentation; Cadmium; Metal contamination; Microbial consortia; Phytoremediation; Salt-marsh plants