title: Degradation in the fatigue strength of dentin by cutting, etching and adhesive bonding.
abstract: The processes involved in placing resin composite restorations may degrade the fatigue strength of dentin and increase the likelihood of fractures in restored teeth.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to evaluate the relative changes in strength and fatigue behavior of dentin caused by bur preparation, etching and resin bonding procedures using a 3-step system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Specimens of dentin were prepared from the crowns of unrestored 3rd molars and subjected to either quasi-static or cyclic flexural loading to failure. Four treated groups were prepared including dentin beams subjected to a bur treatment only with a conventional straight-sided bur, or etching treatment only. An additional treated group received both bur and etching treatments, and the last was treated by bur treatment and etching, followed by application of a commercial resin adhesive. The control group consisted of "as sectioned" dentin specimens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Under quasi-static loading to failure there was no significant difference between the strength of the control group and treated groups. Dentin beams receiving only etching or bur cutting treatments exhibited fatigue strengths that were significantly lower (p≤0.0001) than the control; there was no significant difference in the fatigue resistance of these two groups. Similarly, the dentin receiving bur and etching treatments exhibited significantly lower (p≤0.0001) fatigue strength than that of the control, regardless of whether an adhesive was applied.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The individual steps involved in the placement of bonded resin composite restorations significantly decrease the fatigue strength of dentin, and application of a bonding agent does not increase the fatigue strength of dentin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Republic of Korea; Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering, Dankook University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Majd
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Orrego
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Majd
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Romberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA; Adhesive Dentistry Research Group, Department of Cariology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Mutluay
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA; Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA. Electronic address: darola@uw.edu.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Arola
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D003804:Dentin; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques
keywords: Adhesive resin; Bonding; Dentin; Etching; Fatigue; Tooth fracture