title: How nutritional status signalling coordinates metabolism and lignocellulolytic enzyme secretion.
abstract: The utilisation of lignocellulosic plant biomass as an abundant, renewable feedstock for green chemistries and biofuel production is inhibited by its recalcitrant nature. In the environment, lignocellulolytic fungi are naturally capable of breaking down plant biomass into utilisable saccharides. Nonetheless, within the industrial context, inefficiencies in the production of lignocellulolytic enzymes impede the implementation of green technologies. One of the primary causes of such inefficiencies is the tight transcriptional control of lignocellulolytic enzymes via carbon catabolite repression. Fungi coordinate metabolism, protein biosynthesis and secretion with cellular energetic status through the detection of intra- and extra-cellular nutritional signals. An enhanced understanding of the signals and signalling pathways involved in regulating the transcription, translation and secretion of lignocellulolytic enzymes is therefore of great biotechnological interest. This comparative review describes how nutrient sensing pathways regulate carbon catabolite repression, metabolism and the utilisation of alternative carbon sources in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and ascomycete fungi.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: neilbrown10@hotmail.co.uk.
authors.forename: Neil Andrew
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Laure Nicolas Annick
authors.initials: LNA
authors.lastname: Ries
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Campinas, Brazil. Electronic address: ggoldman@usp.br.
authors.forename: Gustavo Henrique
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Goldman
mesh_terms: D001203:Ascomycota / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018533:Biomass; D044602:Cellulases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D010944:Plants / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D044602:Cellulases
keywords: Ascomycete fungi; Carbon catabolite repression; Carbon starvation; Lignocellulolytic enzymes; Protein secretion; Saccharomyces cerevisiae