title: Antiretrovirals and the kidney in current clinical practice: renal pharmacokinetics, alterations of renal function and renal toxicity.
abstract: Assessment of renal function in HIV-positive patients is of increasing importance in the context of ageing and associated comorbidities. Exposure to nephrotoxic medications is widespread, and several commonly used antiretroviral drugs have nephrotoxic potential. Moreover, specific antiretrovirals inhibit renal tubular transporters resulting in the potential for drug-drug interactions as well as increases in serum creatinine concentrations, which affect estimates of glomerular filtration rate in the absence of changes in actual glomerular filtration rate. This review explores the effects of antiretroviral therapy on the kidney and offers an understanding of mechanisms that lead to apparent and real changes in renal function.
authors.affiliation: aAIDS Reference Centre, St Luc University Hospital, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium bSt Stephen's AIDS Trust, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London cUniversity of Liverpool, Liverpool dImperial College Healthcare NHS Trust eKing's College London School of Medicine, London, UK.
authors.forename: Jean C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Yombi
authors.forename: Anton
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pozniak
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boffito
authors.forename: Rachael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Saye
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khoo
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: Frank A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Post
mesh_terms: D016263:AIDS-Associated Nephropathy / Q000139:chemically induced*; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007677:Kidney Function Tests
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents