title: Capture and accumulation of perchlorate in lettuce. Effect of genotype, temperature, perchlorate concentration, and competition with anions.
abstract: Various studies have evaluated the accumulation of ClO4(-) in lettuce (Lactuca sativa), but very few have dealt with the variables that can interfere with its capture. The present study evaluates the transfer of ClO4(-) in two L. sativa varieties: butter head (L. sativa var. capitata) and cos lettuce (L. sativa var. crispa) under hydroponic conditions. The ClO4(-) concentrations used correspond to levels (1 and 2mgL(-1)), measured in irrigation water in the Iquique region in the north of Chile. Results indicate that the capture of ClO4(-) is dependent on its concentration, lettuce genotype, and temperature. The butter head variety accumulates the highest perchlorate concentrations. Anion competition involving NO3(-) (16 and 48mM), Cl(-) (23 and 56mM), and SO4(2-) (10 and 20mM) was evaluated, being NO3(-) (48mM), the most significant competition reducing the concentration of ClO4(-) in tissues of L. sativa varieties.
authors.affiliation: Escuela de Ciencias Ambientales, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Casilla 15-D, Temuco, Chile. Electronic address: raul.calderon@usach.cl.
authors.forename: Raúl
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Calderón
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio Sanitario Ambiental, SEREMI de Salud Región Metropolitana, San Diego 630 piso 8, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Paulina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Palma
authors.affiliation: Soil and Water Science Section, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.affiliation: Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Facultad de Química y Biología, Av. B. O'Higgins 3363, C 40-33, 7254758 Santiago, Chile; Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, CEDENNA, 9170124 Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Mauricio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Escudey
mesh_terms: D000838:Anions / Q000737:chemistry; D002677:Chile; D005838:Genotype; D018545:Lactuca / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010472:Perchlorates / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D000838:Anions; D010472:Perchlorates; C494474:perchlorate
keywords: Accumulation; Chile; Lettuce; Perchlorate