title: Comparative evaluation of non-structural protein-antibody detecting ELISAs for foot-and-mouth disease sero-surveillance under intensive vaccination.
abstract: Foot-and-mouth disease is a highly infectious and contagious disease of livestock animals with transboundary and economical importance. Animals in the endemic settings are regularly vaccinated in addition to intensive surveillance for control of the disease. Under intensive vaccination, detection of infected animals among the vaccinated population is essential to monitor the infection and to track down the virus movement. Sero-surveillance and retrospective disease diagnosis is performed primarily by detecting antibodies against non-structural proteins (NSPs) of FMD virus which are usually absent in the inactivated vaccine formulations. The study was conducted with an objective to compare simultaneously performance of six NSP ELISAs in detecting infected animals in the areas covered under intensive vaccination, and to assess their fit-for-purpose attribute for sero-surveillance of FMD in India. A panel of bovine serum samples consisting of samples collected from infected with FMDV, vaccinated and naive animals were constituted. In addition, samples collected at random from areas having varied FMD situation and vaccination coverage were tested simultaneously by the six NSP ELISAs to compare their performances. The four indigenous assays showed varying degrees of correlation with the two commercial kits. The study validated that, in all the groups of samples, the indigenous assays were equally sensitive and specific as the two commercial kits. Among all the six assays, PrioCheck and in-house 3ABC I-ELISAs showed maximum sensitivity for detection of infected animals, whereas 3AB3 I-ELISA and 3ABC C-ELISA showed maximum specificity. The study concluded that the in-house available assays are equally capable as the commercially available kits for differentiation of infected animals under intensive vaccination and identifies the 3AB3 I-ELISA with optimum sensitivity and specificity for the purpose of sero-surveillance in India.
authors.affiliation: Project Directorate on Foot and Mouth Disease, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, IVRI Campus, Mukteshwar, Uttarakhand 263138, India.
authors.forename: Gaurav Kumar
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Project Directorate on Foot and Mouth Disease, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, IVRI Campus, Mukteshwar, Uttarakhand 263138, India.
authors.forename: Jajati Keshari
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Mohapatra
authors.affiliation: Project Directorate on Foot and Mouth Disease, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, IVRI Campus, Mukteshwar, Uttarakhand 263138, India.
authors.forename: Sonalika
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mahajan
authors.affiliation: Project Directorate on Foot and Mouth Disease, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, IVRI Campus, Mukteshwar, Uttarakhand 263138, India.
authors.forename: Rakesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Matura
authors.affiliation: Project Directorate on Foot and Mouth Disease, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, IVRI Campus, Mukteshwar, Uttarakhand 263138, India.
authors.forename: Saravanan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Subramaniam
authors.affiliation: Project Directorate on Foot and Mouth Disease, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, IVRI Campus, Mukteshwar, Uttarakhand 263138, India. Electronic address: pattnaikb@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Bramhadev
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pattnaik
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D062665:Epidemiological Monitoring; D005536:Foot-and-Mouth Disease / Q000175:diagnosis*; D029544:Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D007194:India; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012698:Serologic Tests / Q000379:methods; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins
keywords: Assay validation; DIVA; FMD virus; NSP ELISA