title: Improved model for the establishment and evaluation of detrusor overactivity in female Wistar rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To improve the model for establishment and evaluation of detrusor overactivity in female Wistar rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  We ligated the perineal urethra of female Wistar rats and then performed filling cystometry. The probability of detrusor overactivity, bladder capacity, peak voiding pressure and histological changes were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Detrusor overactivity ratio of the obstruction group was 32.4%. Bladder capacity increased from 0.273 ± 0.036 mL in control group to 0.89 ± 0.19 mL in detrusor overactivity group (P < 0.001), and peak voiding pressure increased from 45.9 ± 4.1 cm.H2O to 63.5 ± 17.4 cm.H2O (P = 0.007). For obstruction group, compared to no detrusor overactivity rats, detrusor overactivity rats had higher bladder capacity (0.89 ± 0.19 mL versus 0.43 ± 0.09 mL, P < 0.001) and higher peak voiding pressure (63.5 ± 17.4 cm.H2O versus 44.8 ± 6.2 cm.H2O, P = 0.005). Detrusor overactivity rats were classified according to peak voiding pressure (49.2 ± 4.2 cm.H2O versus 80.8 ± 7.1cm.H2O, P < 0.001). Moreover, bladder weight increased significantly in detrusor overactivity rats (P = 0.003, P = 0.028) and detrusor histological hypertrophy was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ligating perineal urethra and filling cystometry with intra-urethral cannula approach is a simple and easily reproducible method to establish and evaluate the model of detrusor overactivity in rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Nian-Zhao
authors.initials: NZ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shandong Tumor Hospital, Jinan, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jian-Bo
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D008026:Ligation; D011312:Pressure; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013997:Time Factors; D014524:Urethral Obstruction / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D053201:Urinary Bladder, Overactive / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014546:Urinary Catheterization; D014563:Urodynamics