title: Cytotoxicity of gypsogenic acid isolated from Gypsophila trichotoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gypsophila trichotoma Wend. (Caryophyllaceae) is a medicinal plant which is protected in Bulgaria by the Biodiversity Law. Previous studies have showed the presence of triterpene saponins, sterols, flavonoids, triterpens, etc.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Gypsogenic acid, isolated from Gypsophila trichotoma roots, was evaluated for cytotoxic activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  The structure of the compound was elucidated by spectral methods. The cell survival fraction was determined by the MTT dye reduction assay, performed with some modifications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Gypsogenic acid was tested in a panel of human tumor cell lines and was found to inhibit the proliferation of malignant cells. It was active against leukemic cells with lymphoid (SKW-3 and BV-173) or myeloid phenotype (HL-60, K-562, and LAMA-84), as well as against the EJ bladder carcinoma cell line. Bcr-Abl expressing myeloid cells (LAMA-84 and especially K-562) displayed lower sensitivity. HL-60/Dox cells were less sensitive to gypsogenic acid than the parent cell line, which shows that gypsogenic acid is probably a substrate of MRP-1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
authors.forename: Ilina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Krasteva
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
authors.forename: Maya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yotova
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Experimental Chemotherapy, Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
authors.forename: Deyan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yosifov
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
authors.forename: Niko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Benbassat
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacy, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jenett-Siems
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Experimental Chemotherapy, Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
authors.forename: Spiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Konstantinov
keywords: Cytotoxic activity; Gypsophila trichotoma; gypsogenic acid