title: MR imaging-guided percutaneous cryotherapy for lung tumors: initial experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate prospectively the initial clinical experience of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging-guided percutaneous cryotherapy of lung tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  MR imaging-guided percutaneous cryotherapy was performed in 21 patients with biopsy-proven lung tumors (12 men, 9 women; age range, 39-79 y). Follow-up consisted of contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography (CT) scan performed at 3-month intervals to assess tumor control; CT scanning was carried out for 12 months or until death.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cryotherapy procedures were successfully completed in all 21 patients. Pneumothorax occurred in 7 (33.3%) of 21 patients. Chest tube placement was required in one (4.8%) case. Hemoptysis was exhibited by 11 (52.4%) patients, and pleural effusion occurred in 6 (28.6%) patients. Other complications were observed in 14 (66.7%) patients. The mean follow-up period was 10.5 months (range, 9-12 mo) in patients who died. At month 12 of follow-up, 7 (33.3%) patients had a complete response to therapy, and 10 (47.6%) patients showed a partial response. In addition, two patients had stable disease, and two patients developed progressive disease; one patient developed a tumor in the liver, and the other developed a tumor in the brain. The 1-year local control rate was 81%, and 1-year survival rate was 90.5%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MR imaging-guided percutaneous cryotherapy appears feasible, effective, and minimally invasive for lung tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China.
authors.forename: Shangang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China.
authors.forename: Ruimei
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional MRI, Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, Weiqi Avenue, Jingwu road, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional MRI, Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, Weiqi Avenue, Jingwu road, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China.
authors.forename: Yubo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional MRI, Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, Weiqi Avenue, Jingwu road, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional MRI, Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, Weiqi Avenue, Jingwu road, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China.. Electronic address: chenglilisd@sina.com.
authors.forename: Chengli
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D017679:Cryotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality; D018450:Disease Progression; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D053783:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Interventional; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000401:mortality; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome