title: Update on biological therapies for knee injuries: osteoarthritis.
abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive disease that causes functional impairment of the joints. Chronic forms of knee OA have been increasing worldwide, limiting patients' quality of life. Recent studies have sought to increase effectiveness and quality in the development of new therapies, such as platelet-rich plasma, hyaluronic acid, stem cells, and nuclear factor κB, aimed principally at reducing proinflammatory activity, pain, and degeneration of the knee joints. The goal of this review is to present an update on biological therapies for knee OA and to provide guidance for future OA studies.
authors.affiliation: Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Avenida Albert Einstein, 627/701 - 3 Andar/Bloco A1, Morumbi, 05651-901, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Guilherme Figueiredo
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Pintan
authors.forename: Adilson Sanches
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lenza
authors.forename: Eliane
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Antonioli
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferretti