title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses cyclophosphamide induced follicle apoptosis in human fetal ovarian xenografts in nude mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the antiapoptosis effect of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) on human fetal ovarian tissue treated by cyclophosphamide (CTX).
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental animal study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University center for reproductive medicine and IVF unit.
  
  
  METHODS
  Female immunodeficient BALB/c nude mice, 6 to 8 weeks old.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human fetal ovarian tissue slowly cryopreserved then subcutaneously transplanted in immunodeficient mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Follicle survival assessed qualitatively and quantitatively using H&E staining, and cellular apoptosis of the ovarian grafts evaluated using transmission electron microscopy and DNA nick end labeling in situ (TUNEL assay).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The alkylating agent CTX caused a substantial follicle loss and apoptotic DNA fragmentation in the ovarian grafts in a period of 2 weeks of transplantation. The S1P treatment significantly prevented follicular apoptosis and maintained primordial follicle population in the grafts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows for the first time that S1P protects primordial follicles in human ovarian grafts from a chemotherapy drug treatment via suppressing follicle apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Center for Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Center for Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhihui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Center for Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fangfang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Center for Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wenming
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Center for Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shuangshuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Stem Cells and Reprogramming Group, Biological Engineering Laboratories, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Center for Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xuefeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Center for Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: zy-yin@163.com.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D015925:Cryopreservation; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D016332:Fetal Tissue Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D005333:Fetus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D064593:Heterografts; D008246:Lysophospholipids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010053:Ovary / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology / Q000637:transplantation*; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D008246:Lysophospholipids; C060506:sphingosine 1-phosphate; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D013110:Sphingosine
keywords: Apoptosis; cyclophosphamide; ovarian tissue cryopreservation; ovarian tissue transplantation; sphingosine-1-phosphate