title: Involvement of Transglutaminase-2 in α-MSH-Induced Melanogenesis in SK-MEL-2 Human Melanoma Cells.
abstract: Skin hyperpigmentation is one of the most common skin disorders caused by abnormal melanogenesis. The mechanism and key factors at play are not fully understood. Previous reports have indicated that cystamine (CTM) inhibits melanin synthesis, though its molecular mechanism in melanogenesis remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effect of CTM on melanin production using ELISA reader and the expression of proteins involved in melanogenesis by Western blotting, and examined the involvement of transglutaminase-2 (Tgase-2) in SK-MEL-2 human melanoma cells by gene silencing. In the results, CTM dose-dependently suppressed melanin production and dendrite extension in α-MSH-induced melanogenesis of SK-MEL-2 human melanoma cells. CTM also suppressed α-MSH-induced chemotactic migration as well as the expressions of melanogenesis factors TRP-1, TRP-2 and MITF in α-MSH-treated SK-MEL-2 cells. Meanwhile, gene silencing of Tgase-2 suppressed dendrite extension and the expressions of TRP-1 and TRP-2 in α-MSH-treated SK-MEL-2 cells. Overall, these findings suggested that CTM suppresses α-MSH-induced melanogenesis via Tgase-2 inhibition and that therefore, Tgase-2 might be a new target in hyperpigmentation disorder therapy.
authors.affiliation: BK21PLUS R-FIND team, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715.
authors.forename: Hyun Ji
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: BK21PLUS R-FIND team, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715.
authors.forename: Hye Ja
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: BK21PLUS R-FIND team, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715.
authors.forename: Mi Kyung
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: BK21PLUS R-FIND team, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715.
authors.forename: Kyung Jin
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Gang
authors.affiliation: BK21PLUS R-FIND team, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715.
authors.forename: Hyun Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Byun
authors.affiliation: BK21PLUS R-FIND team, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715.
authors.forename: Jeong Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: BK21PLUS R-FIND team, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715.
authors.forename: Mi Kyung
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: National Cancer Center, Goyang 410-769, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Soo Youl
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: BK21PLUS R-FIND team, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715.
authors.forename: Chang Hoon
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lee
keywords: Cystamine; Melanogenesis; SK-MEL-2 melanoma cells; TRP-1; TRP-2; Transglutaminase-2