title: Increased number of non-degranulated mast cells in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma but not in acute pancreatitis.
abstract: Increasing evidence indicates that tumor microenvironment (TME) is crucial in tumor survival and metastases. Inflammatory cells accumulate around tumors and strangely appear to be permissive to their growth. One key stroma cell is the mast cell (MC), which can secrete numerous pro- and antitumor molecules. We investigated the presence and degranulation state of MC in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) as compared to acute ancreatitis (AP). Three different detection methods: (a) toluidine blue staining, as well as immunohistochemistry for (b) tryptase and (c) c-kit, were utilized to assess the number and extent of degranulation of MC in PDAC tissue (n=7), uninvolved pancreatic tissue derived from tumor-free margins (n=7) and tissue form AP (n=4). The number of MC detected with all three methods was significantly increased in PDAC, as compared to normal pancreatic tissue derived from tumor-free margins (p<0.05). The highest number of MC was identified by c-kit, 22.2&#x2213;7.5 per high power field (HPF) in PDAC vs 9.7&#x2213;5.1 per HPF in normal tissue. Contrary to MC in AP, where most of the detected MC were found degranulated, MC in PDAC appeared intact. In conclusion, MC are increased in number, but not degranulated in PDAC, suggesting that they may contribute to cancer growth by permitting selective release of pro-tumorogenic molecules.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histopathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Karamitopoulou
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery, Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shoni
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery, Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Theoharides
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D002452:Cell Count; D015550:Cell Degranulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / Q000032:analysis; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D053802:Tryptases / Q000032:analysis; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit; D053802:Tryptases