title: Fabrication and characterization of oxygen - diffused titanium using spectroscopy method.
abstract: A thin native oxide film that forms on the titanium surface makes contact with the bone tissue has been considered to be of great importance to successful osseointegration. The study investigated oxygen-diffused grade 2 titanium obtained by introducing oxygen into the titanium crystal lattice using thermal treatment in fluidized bed performed at 610°C and 640°C in 6, 8, 12h. The thermal treatment at different temperatures and different times led to the formation of a TiO2 rutile film on the titanium surface and a concentration gradient of oxygen into titanium (XRD/GID analyses and GDOS results). Moreover Raman spectroscopy results showed that the TiO2 film on the surface titanium was composed of two oxides (TiO2), i.e. anatase and rutile, for the analyzed variants of heat treatment. The aim of the present study was to establish the optimum conditions for obtaining oxygen-diffused TiO2 film. The results obtained in the study demonstrated that the use of a fluidized bed for titanium oxidation processes allows for obtaining uniform oxide layers with good adhesion to the substrate, thus improving the titanium surface to suit biomedical applications.
authors.affiliation: Materials Science Institute, Czestochowa University of Technology, av. Armii Krajowej 19, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland. Electronic address: lubas@wip.pcz.pl.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lubas
authors.affiliation: AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, av. A. Mickiewicza 30, 90-924 Cracow, Poland. Electronic address: msitarz@agh.edu.pl.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sitarz
authors.affiliation: Materials Science Institute, Czestochowa University of Technology, av. Armii Krajowej 19, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Jasinski
authors.affiliation: AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, av. A. Mickiewicza 30, 90-924 Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jelen
authors.affiliation: AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, av. A. Mickiewicza 30, 90-924 Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Klita
authors.affiliation: Materials Science Institute, Czestochowa University of Technology, av. Armii Krajowej 19, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Podsiad
authors.affiliation: Materials Science Institute, Czestochowa University of Technology, av. Armii Krajowej 19, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jasinski
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry*; D044367:Phase Transition; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Phase transition (anatase, rutile); Raman spectroscopy; Titanium oxide