title: Cochlear implantation outcomes in advanced otosclerosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several studies support the use of cochlear implants (CI) in far-advanced otosclerosis (FAO).
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared our results of CI in patients with FAO and unknown origin hearing loss (UOHL) and our incidence of facial electrical stimulation and difficult insertion of the electrode bundle up to 3 to 5 years from surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found 17 patients with CI in FAO and UOHL. FAO patients achieved better results on the pure tone average (PTA) and recognition of monosyllables by GEE test (p=0.022; p=0.006), and particularly at 1 year on the PTA (p=0.002), at 6 months and a year in monosyllables (p=0.002; p=0.001), and at 6 months in disyllables (p=0.004). There were no differences toward complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our experience, placement of CI in FAO has proven successful, with results comparable to other similar cohorts, and with low complications.
authors.affiliation: Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: felcastillo@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Castillo
authors.affiliation: Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Rubén
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Polo
authors.affiliation: Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Auxiliadora
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez
authors.affiliation: Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Reyes
authors.affiliation: Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Royuela
authors.affiliation: Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alonso
mesh_terms: D019929:Cochlear Implantation / Q000379:methods*; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010040:Otosclerosis / Q000601:surgery*; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome