title: In vitro cadmium-induced alterations in growth and oxidative metabolism of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.).
abstract: Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic pollutant, which cause both dose- and time-dependent physiological and biochemical alterations in plants. The present in vitro study was undertaken to explore Cd-induced physiological and biochemical changes in cotton callus culture at 0, 550, 700, 850, and 1000 μM Cd for four different stress periods (7, 14, 21, and 28 days). At 1000 μM Cd, mean growth values were lower than their respective control. The cell protein contents decreased only after 7-day and 14-day stress treatment. At 550 μM Cd, malondialdehyde (MDA) contents decreased after various stress periods except 21-day period. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity at 1000 μM Cd improved relative to its respective controls in the first three stress regimes. Almost a decreasing trend in the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and peroxidase (POD) activities at all Cd levels after different stress periods was noticed. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity descended over its relevant controls in the first three stress regimes except at 700 μM Cd after 14- and 21-day stress duration. Moreover, catalase (CAT) mean values significantly increased as a whole. From this experiment, it can be concluded that lipid peroxidation as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was relatively higher as has been revealed by higher MDA contents and greater SOD, CAT activities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China ; Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Daud
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mei
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Ullah
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Najeeb
authors.affiliation: Department of Weed Science, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad Azim
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Farah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Deeba
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Irum
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Raza
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Aliya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Batool
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D003368:Gossypium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D002104:Cadmium; D002374:Catalase