title: Effect of zinc supplementation on E-ADA activity, seric zinc, and cytokines levels of Trypanosoma evansi infected Wistar rats.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of zinc supplementation on the ecto-adenosine deaminase activity (E-ADA), zinc seric levels and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, and IL -10) on rats experimentally infected by Trypanosoma evansi. Four groups with 10 rats each were used as negative controls (groups A and B), while the animals from the groups C and D were infected intraperitoneally with 0.1 mL of cryopreserved blood containing 1.4 × 10(4) of trypanosomes. Animals of groups B and D received two doses of Zinc (Zn) at 5 mg kg(-1), subcutaneously, on the 2nd and 7th day post-infection (PI). Blood samples were collected on days 5 (n = 5) and 15 PI (n = 5). Zn supplementation was able to increase the rat's longevity and to reduce their parasitemia. It was observed that seric Zn levels were increased on infected animals under Zn supplementation. Animals that were infected and supplemented with Zn showed changes in E-ADA activity and in cytokine levels (P < 0.05). Zn supplementation of healthy animals (Group B), increased the E-ADA activity, as well as reduced the concentration of cytokines. Infected animals from groups C and D showed increased levels of cytokines. Finally, we observed that Zn supplementation led to a modulation on cytokine's level in rats infected by T. evansi, as well as in E-ADA activity.
authors.affiliation: Toxicological Biochemistry of Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nathieli B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Bottari
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Matheus D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Baldissera
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Camila B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Pharmacology, UFSM, Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thiago
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.affiliation: Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marta M M F
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.affiliation: Department of Large Animal, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marta L R
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Leal
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gustavo R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Thomé
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zanini
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Rosa C
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Schetinger
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Matheus A G
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Valderi L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Dressler
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvia G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alexandre A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Tonin
authors.affiliation: Toxicological Biochemistry of Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil. Electronic address: aleksandro_ss@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Aleksandro S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Da Silva
mesh_terms: D000243:Adenosine Deaminase / Q000097:blood*; D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D008136:Longevity; D059208:Parasite Load; D018512:Parasitemia; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D044967:Serum / Q000737:chemistry; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014345:Trypanosoma / Q000276:immunology*; D014352:Trypanosomiasis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D015032:Zinc / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D000243:Adenosine Deaminase; D015032:Zinc
keywords: Adenosine deaminase; Immune response; Treatment; Trypanosoma evansi