title: Interaction of diet and the masou salmon Δ5-desaturase transgene on Δ6-desaturase and stearoyl-CoA desaturase gene expression and N-3 fatty acid level in common carp (Cyprinus carpio).
abstract: The masou salmon Δ5-desaturase-like gene (D5D) driven by the common carp β-actin promoter was transferred into common carp (Cyprinus carpio) that were fed two diets. For P1 transgenic fish fed a commercial diet, Δ6-desaturase-like gene (D6D) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) mRNA levels in muscle were up-regulated (P < 0.05) 12.7- and 17.9-fold, respectively, and the D6D mRNA level in the gonad of transgenic fish was up-regulated 6.9-fold (P < 0.05) compared to that of non-transgenic fish. In contrast, D6D and SCD mRNA levels in transgenic fish were dramatically down-regulated (P < 0.05), 50.2- and 16.7-fold in brain, and 5.4- and 2.4-fold in liver, respectively, in comparison with those of non-transgenic fish. When fed a specially formulated diet, D6D and SCD mRNA levels in muscle of transgenic fish were up-regulated (P < 0.05) 41.5- and 8.9-fold, respectively, and in liver 6.0- and 3.3-fold, respectively, compared to those of non-transgenic fish. In contrast, D6D and SCD mRNA levels in the gonad of transgenic fish were down-regulated (P < 0.05) 5.5- and 12.4-fold, respectively, and D6D and SCD mRNA levels in the brain were down-regulated 14.9- and 1.4-fold (P < 0.05), respectively, compared to those of non-transgenic fish. The transgenic common carp fed the commercial diet had 1.07-fold EPA, 1.12-fold DPA, 1.07-fold DHA, and 1.07-fold higher observed total omega-3 fatty acid levels than non-transgenic common carp. Although these differences were not statistically different (P > 0.05), there were significantly (P < 0.10) higher omega-3 fatty acid levels when considering the differences for all of the individual omega-3 fatty acids. The genotype × diet interactions observed indicated that the potential of desaturase transgenesis cannot be realized without using a well-designed diet with the needed amount of substrates.
authors.affiliation: School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36839, USA.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Baofeng
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Zhenkui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Chia-Chen
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Yangen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fobes
authors.forename: Dayan A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Perera
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Soller
authors.forename: Zhiyi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Allen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Rex A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Dunham
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D002347:Carps / Q000378:metabolism*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D000090943:Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase; D004032:Diet; D018274:Electroporation; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases / Q000235:genetics*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D006066:Gonads / Q000378:metabolism; D050602:Linoleoyl-CoA Desaturase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017683:Oncorhynchus / Q000235:genetics; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019076:Transgenes / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D017931:DNA Primers; D000090943:Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase; D050602:Linoleoyl-CoA Desaturase