title: [Complications related with implanted devices in patients with Parkinson's disease treated with deep brain stimulation. A study of a series of 124 patients over a period of 16 years].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Establishing protocols of the best candidates for deep brain stimulation in patients with Parkinson's disease and a greater knowledge of the technique have increased its safety profile. Yet, the complications related with implanted devices still occur with a far-from-negligible frequency and have both an economic and clinical impact.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  From a broad series of patients undergoing deep brain stimulation included consecutively for the treatment of their Parkinson's disease, data concerning the complications related with implanted devices were gathered and compared with those in the literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  Altogether 124 patients with a total of 242 implanted electrodes and 252 generator replacements were included in the study. Mean follow-up time was 8.4 years (range: 3-16 years). Data on all the complications related with implanted devices were collected retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Findings showed that 23 implanted device-related complications occurred (17.7% of the patients): 12 (9.6%) had culture-positive ulcers, five (4%) had culture-negative ulcers, four (3.2%) were left with infections following generator replacement, one (0.8%) had a generator malfunction, and electrode migration took place in one (0.8%). Significant differences were observed as regards the effectiveness of the treatment involving surgical revision of the ulcers, which suggests that the culture-negative ulcers responded to the surgical revision better than the culture-positive ulcers (80% healing versus 16.6%; p = 0.028).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results observed in the series were comparable to those in the existing literature. The presence of culture-positivity in the ulcers is a factor forecasting surgical revision.
authors.affiliation: Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Espana.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de Quintana-Schmidt
authors.forename: Berta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pascual-Sedano
authors.forename: M Jesús
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Alvarez-Holzapfel
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gironell
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leidinger
authors.forename: Natividad
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Benito
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Rodríguez
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Molet-Teixidó
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D020878:Device Removal; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004868:Equipment Failure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005548:Foreign-Body Migration / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000628:therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017192:Skin Diseases, Bacterial / Q000209:etiology; D012883:Skin Ulcer / Q000209:etiology*; D013207:Staphylococcal Skin Infections / Q000209:etiology; D014946:Wound Infection / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology