title: Ultrasound-assisted extraction of polyphenols from native plants in the Mexican desert.
abstract: Several plants that are rich in polyphenolic compounds and exhibit biological properties are grown in the desert region of Mexico under extreme climate conditions. These compounds have been recovered by classic methodologies in these plants using organic solvents. However, little information is available regarding the use of alternative extraction technologies, such as ultrasound. In this paper, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) parameters, such as the liquid:solid ratio, solvent concentration and extraction time, were studied using response surface methodology (RSM) for the extraction of polyphenols from desert plants including Jatrophadioica,Flourensiacernua, Turneradiffusa and Eucalyptuscamaldulensis. Key process variables (i.e., liquid:solid ratio and ethanol concentration) exert the greatest influence on the extraction of all of the phenolic compounds (TPC) in the studied plants. The best conditions for the extraction of TPC involved an extraction time of 40min, an ethanol concentration of 35% and a liquid:solid ratio ranging from 8 to 12mlg(-1) depending on the plant. The highest antioxidant activity was obtained in the E. camaldulensis extracts. The results indicated the ability of UAE to obtain polyphenolic antioxidant preparations from desert plants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, 25280 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico.
authors.forename: Jorge E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Wong Paz
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, 25280 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico.
authors.forename: Diana B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Muñiz Márquez
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biotechnology, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, 66050 General Escobedo, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
authors.forename: Guillermo C G
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Martínez Ávila
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, 25280 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico.
authors.forename: Ruth E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Belmares Cerda
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, 25280 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico. Electronic address: cristobal.aguilar@uadec.edu.mx.
authors.forename: Cristóbal N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Aguilar
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods*; D003889:Desert Climate; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D008800:Mexico; D010944:Plants / Q000737:chemistry*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013010:Sonication; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D059808:Polyphenols; D000431:Ethanol
keywords: Alternatives techniques; Antioxidants; Environmentally friendly; Extracts; Ultrasound-assisted extraction