title: Miniaturizable ion-selective arrays based on highly stable polymer membranes for biomedical applications.
abstract: Poly(vinylchloride) (PVC) is the most common polymer matrix used in the fabrication of ion-selective electrodes (ISEs). However, the surfaces of PVC-based sensors have been reported to show membrane instability. In an attempt to overcome this limitation, here we developed two alternative methods for the preparation of highly stable and robust ion-selective sensors. These platforms are based on the selective electropolymerization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), where the sulfur atoms contained in the polymer covalently interact with the gold electrode, also permitting controlled selective attachment on a miniaturized electrode in an array format. This platform sensor was improved with the crosslinking of the membrane compounds with poly(ethyleneglycol) diglycidyl ether (PEG), thus also increasing the biocompatibility of the sensor. The resulting ISE membranes showed faster signal stabilization of the sensor response compared with that of the PVC matrix and also better reproducibility and stability, thus making these platforms highly suitable candidates for the manufacture of robust implantable sensors.
authors.affiliation: Nanobioengineering Laboratory, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Baldiri Reixac, 10-12, Barcelona 08028, Spain. mmir@ibecbarcelona.eu.
authors.forename: Mònica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mir
authors.affiliation: Nanobioengineering Laboratory, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Baldiri Reixac, 10-12, Barcelona 08028, Spain. ibq_robertolugo@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lugo
authors.affiliation: Nanobioengineering Laboratory, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Baldiri Reixac, 10-12, Barcelona 08028, Spain. ibogachan@ibecbarcelona.eu.
authors.forename: Islam Bogachan
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Tahirbegi
authors.affiliation: Nanobioengineering Laboratory, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Baldiri Reixac, 10-12, Barcelona 08028, Spain. jsamitier@ibecbarcelona.eu.
authors.forename: Josep
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Samitier
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic / Q000737:chemistry*; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D017736:Ion-Selective Electrodes; D008422:Materials Testing; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D046228:Microarray Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008904:Miniaturization; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011108:Polymers; C121383:poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene); D011092:Polyethylene Glycols