title: Natural killer/T-cell lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic syndrome: A case report.
abstract: Natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) is a rare and fatal disease with no optimal treatment. The present study reports the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment process of three patients with relapsed NK/T-cell lymphoma-associated HPS. All of the patients were classified as Ann Arbor stage IV and presented with a poor performance status. Two patients were successfully treated with a pegaspargase-containing combination regimen and one patient succumbed due to serious complications. These cases indicate that for patients with a history of lymphoma, the diagnosis of HPS should be considered when patients present with progressive high fever, pancytopenia and liver dysfunction. Early identification and effective treatments, including pegaspargase-based regimens are essential for an enhanced prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China ; Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Lijuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China ; Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Mingzhi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China ; Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China ; Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China ; Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jingjing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China ; Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China ; Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xinhua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematopathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77230-1439, USA.
authors.forename: Ken H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Young
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China ; Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaorui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China ; Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China ; Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhenchang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China ; Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xudong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China ; Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China ; Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Qiao
keywords: clinical features; hemophagocytic syndrome; natural killer/T-cell lymphoma; pegaspargase