title: Facile fabrication of single-phase multifunctional BaGdF5 nanospheres as drug carriers.
abstract: Multifunctional BaGdF5 nanospheres with mesoporous, luminescent, and magnetic properties have been successfully synthesized with the assistance of trisodium citrate by a hydrothermal method. The mesoporous structure is revealed by scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope images as well as N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm. The as-synthesized BaGdF5 nanospheres exhibit an intense broad bluish emission (centered at 450 nm) under the excitation of 390 nm, which might originate from the CO2·(-) radical-related defect produced by Cit(3-) groups. It is also shown that these BaGdF5 nanospheres brightened the T1-weighted images, suggesting that they could act as T1 contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. Using metformin hydrochloride as the model drug, the luminescent porous spheres show good drug storage/release capability. Furthermore, the emission intensity varies as a function of the cumulative drug release, making the drug-carrying system easily trackable and monitorable by detecting the luminescence intensity. Additionally, the paramagnetic property, originating from the unpaired electrons of Gd(3+) ions, opens the possibility of directing the magnetic targeted carrier to the pathological site by magnetic field gradient.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: Sa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Xueli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Baiqi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.forename: Yongchao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Wenzhen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: Mengmeng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.forename: Zhenxin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hongpeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: You
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D016923:Cell Death; D003460:Crystallization; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000737:chemistry*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D049449:Luminescence; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008687:Metformin / Q000494:pharmacology; D054118:Nanospheres / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D010316:Particle Size; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013696:Temperature; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D008687:Metformin; D005682:Gadolinium