title: The myokine decorin is regulated by contraction and involved in muscle hypertrophy.
abstract: The health-promoting effects of regular exercise are well known, and myokines may mediate some of these effects. The small leucine-rich proteoglycan decorin has been described as a myokine for some time. However, its regulation and impact on skeletal muscle has not been investigated in detail. In this study, we report decorin to be differentially expressed and released in response to muscle contraction using different approaches. Decorin is released from contracting human myotubes, and circulating decorin levels are increased in response to acute resistance exercise in humans. Moreover, decorin expression in skeletal muscle is increased in humans and mice after chronic training. Because decorin directly binds myostatin, a potent inhibitor of muscle growth, we investigated a potential function of decorin in the regulation of skeletal muscle growth. In vivo overexpression of decorin in murine skeletal muscle promoted expression of the pro-myogenic factor Mighty, which is negatively regulated by myostatin. We also found Myod1 and follistatin to be increased in response to decorin overexpression. Moreover, muscle-specific ubiquitin ligases atrogin1 and MuRF1, which are involved in atrophic pathways, were reduced by decorin overexpression. In summary, our findings suggest that decorin secreted from myotubes in response to exercise is involved in the regulation of muscle hypertrophy and hence could play a role in exercise-related restructuring processes of skeletal muscle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Germany.
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanzleiter
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Germany.
authors.forename: Michaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rath
authors.affiliation: German Center for Diabetes Research, Germany; Paul-Langerhans-Group for Integrative Physiology, German Diabetes Center, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Sven W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Görgens
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Jørgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Daniel S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Tangen
authors.affiliation: Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Anders J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Kolnes
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway; Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Kristoffer J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Kolnes
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Sindre
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: German Center for Diabetes Research, Germany; Paul-Langerhans-Group for Integrative Physiology, German Diabetes Center, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eckel
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Germany.
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schürmann
authors.affiliation: German Center for Diabetes Research, Germany; Paul-Langerhans-Group for Integrative Physiology, German Diabetes Center, Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Nutrition, Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: Kristin.Eckardt@medisin.uio.no.
authors.forename: Kristin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Eckardt
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D058575:Decorin / Q000378:metabolism*; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D024510:Muscle Development; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal
chemical_list: D058575:Decorin
keywords: Exercise; Myokines; Skeletal muscle