title: The Antibacterial Assay of Tectorigenin with Detergents or ATPase Inhibitors against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
abstract: Tectorigenin (TTR) is an O-methylated isoflavone derived from the rhizome of Belamacanda chinensis (L.) DC. It is known to perform a wide spectrum of biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor. The aim of this study is to examine the mechanism of antibacterial activity of TTR against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The anti-MRSA activity of TTR was analyzed in combination assays with detergent, ATPase inhibitors, and peptidoglycan (PGN) derived from S. aureus. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to monitor survival characteristics and changes in S. aureus morphology. The MIC values of TTR against all the tested strains were 125  μ g/mL. The OD(600) of each suspension treated with a combination of Triton X-100, DCCD, and NaN3 with TTR (1/10 × MIC) had been reduced from 68% to 80%, compared to the TTR alone. At a concentration of 125  μ g/mL, PGN blocked antibacterial activity of TTR. This study indicates that anti-MRSA action of TTR is closely related to cytoplasmic membrane permeability and ABC transporter, and PGN at 125  μ g/mL directly bind to and inhibit TTR at 62.5  μ g/mL. These results can be important indication in study on antimicrobial activity mechanism against multidrug resistant strains.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dae-Ki
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Joung
authors.affiliation: BK21 Plus Team, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Su-Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Mun
authors.affiliation: Department of Third Medicine, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kuang-Shim
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ok-Hwa
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jang-Gi
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: BK21 Plus Team, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Bae
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: BK21 Plus Team, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ryong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Department of Third Medicine, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Myong-Soo
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Chong
authors.affiliation: Standardized Material Bank for New Botanical Drugs, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Youn-Chul
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Standardized Material Bank for New Botanical Drugs, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Sung
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Oriental Medicine Resources, Sunchon National University, Jeonnam 540-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Won
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea ; BK21 Plus Team, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Yeul
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Kwon