title: Endothelial cells contribute to generation of adult ventricular myocytes during cardiac homeostasis.
abstract: Cardiac tissue undergoes renewal with low rates. Although resident stem cell populations have been identified to support cardiomyocyte turnover, the source of the cardiac stem cells and their niche remain elusive. Using Cre/Lox-based cell lineage tracing strategies, we discovered that labeling of endothelial cells in the adult heart yields progeny that have cardiac stem cell characteristics and express Gata4 and Sca1. Endothelial-derived cardiac progenitor cells were localized in the arterial coronary walls with quiescent and proliferative cells in the media and adventitia layers, respectively. Within the myocardium, we identified labeled cardiomyocytes organized in clusters of single-cell origin. Pulse-chase experiments showed that generation of individual clusters was rapid but confined to specific regions of the heart, primarily in the right anterior and left posterior ventricular walls and the junctions between the two ventricles. Our data demonstrate that endothelial cells are an intrinsic component of the cardiac renewal process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
authors.forename: Bryan A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Fioret
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
authors.forename: Jeremy D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Heimfeld
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
authors.forename: David T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Paik
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA. Electronic address: antonis.hatzopoulos@vanderbilt.edu.
authors.forename: Antonis K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Hatzopoulos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000950:Antigens, Ly / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019070:Cell Lineage; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000166:cytology; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D066026:Endothelial Progenitor Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D050991:GATA4 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000166:cytology; D006706:Homeostasis; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D032446:Myoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D055153:Stem Cell Niche
chemical_list: D000950:Antigens, Ly; D050991:GATA4 Transcription Factor; C484171:Gata4 protein, mouse; C074650:Ly6a protein, mouse; D008565:Membrane Proteins