title: Bilayer graphene. Tunable fractional quantum Hall phases in bilayer graphene.
abstract: Symmetry-breaking in a quantum system often leads to complex emergent behavior. In bilayer graphene (BLG), an electric field applied perpendicular to the basal plane breaks the inversion symmetry of the lattice, opening a band gap at the charge neutrality point. In a quantizing magnetic field, electron interactions can cause spontaneous symmetry-breaking within the spin and valley degrees of freedom, resulting in quantum Hall effect (QHE) states with complex order. Here, we report fractional QHE states in BLG that show phase transitions that can be tuned by a transverse electric field. This result provides a model platform with which to study the role of symmetry-breaking in emergent states with topological order.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maher
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
authors.forename: Yuanda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Forsythe
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada. Institute for Quantum Computing, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
authors.forename: Dmitry
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Abanin
authors.affiliation: Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada. Institute for Quantum Computing, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
authors.forename: Zlatko
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Papić
authors.affiliation: Physics Program, Bard College, Annandale-on-Hudson, NY 12504, USA.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cadden-Zimansky
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hone
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA. pk2015@columbia.edu cdean@ccny.cuny.edu.
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, The City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA. pk2015@columbia.edu cdean@ccny.cuny.edu.
authors.forename: Cory R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Dean