title: A residue-free green synergistic antifungal nanotechnology for pesticide thiram by ZnO nanoparticles.
abstract: Here we reported a residue-free green nanotechnology which synergistically enhance the pesticides efficiency and successively eliminate its residue. We built up a composite antifungal system by a simple pre-treating and assembling procedure for investigating synergy. Investigations showed 0.25 g/L ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) with 0.01 g/L thiram could inhibit the fungal growth in a synergistic mode. More importantly, the 0.25 g/L ZnO NPs completely degraded 0.01 g/L thiram under simulated sunlight irradiation within 6 hours. It was demonstrated that the formation of ZnO-thiram antifungal system, electrostatic adsorption of ZnO NPs to fungi cells and the cellular internalization of ZnO-thiram composites played important roles in synergy. Oxidative stress test indicated ZnO-induced oxidative damage was enhanced by thiram that finally result in synergistic antifungal effect. By reducing the pesticides usage, this nanotechnology could control the plant disease economically, more significantly, the following photocatalytic degradation of pesticide greatly benefit the human social by avoiding negative influence of pesticide residue on public health and environment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jingzhe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zhihui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yaping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Qingsheng
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D004355:Drug Stability; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D036103:Nanotechnology; D010782:Photolysis; D010838:Phytophthora / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D013893:Thiram / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D013893:Thiram; D015034:Zinc Oxide