title: Association of gestational diabetes and breastfeeding on obesity prevalence in predominately Hispanic low-income youth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this study was to examine if breastfeeding duration by gestational diabetes mellitus status impacted the prevalence of obesity in offspring.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were obtained from a 2011 phone survey with caregivers of low-income children (2-4 years) participating in the Women, Infants and Children programme in Los Angeles County. The final sample included 2295 children, 84% Hispanic and 48% female. Chi-square and binary logistic regression were used to assess gestational diabetes status and breastfeeding duration on the prevalence of obesity, with the following a priori covariates: child's ethnicity, birth weight, age in months and sex.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Breastfeeding and gestational diabetes were significantly associated with obesity prevalence (P < 0.01). Using gestational diabetes mellitus and no breastfeeding as the referent category, gestational diabetes mellitus offspring who were breastfed ≥12 months had a 72% decrease in obesity prevalence (adjusted odds ratio = 0.28, confidence interval 0.89-0.03, P = 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that > 12 months of breastfeeding duration in the gestational diabetes mellitus group and any duration of breastfeeding in the non-gestational diabetes mellitus mothers is needed to reduce obesity levels in a primarily Hispanic population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA.
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Shearrer
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Whaley
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: B T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: House
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Held
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Davis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001942:Breast Feeding / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002648:Child; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011203:Poverty; D011247:Pregnancy; D015995:Prevalence
keywords: Breastfeeding; gestational diabetes mellitus; obesity