title: Anti-obesity and pro-diabetic effects of hemochromatosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Levels of tissue iron contribute to determining diabetes risk, but little is known about the effects of higher iron levels on weight, and on the interaction of weight and iron overload on diabetes risk. Therefore, the effect of iron on body mass index and diabetes in individuals with iron overload from hereditary hemochromatosis (HH), compared to non-HH siblings and historical controls was examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Chart reviews were performed on a cohort of adults (age ≥40, N = 101) with the common C282Y/C282Y HFE genotype, compared to wild type siblings (N = 32) and comparable NHANES cohorts, with respect to body mass index and diabetes status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Males with HH have lower body mass index (BMI) than control siblings. Females had a trend toward decreased BMI that was not significant, possibly related to decreased degrees of iron overload. In both males and females, increased rates of diabetes were seen, especially in the overweight or obese.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High tissue iron levels may be both pro- and anti-diabetic. The prevalence of obesity and diabetes in HH is likely dependent upon the degree of iron overload, caloric intake, and other genetic and environmental factors, contributing to the observed heterogeneity in the frequency of disease-related morbidities in HH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
authors.forename: Mousa Al
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Abbas
authors.forename: Deveraprabu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Abraham
authors.forename: James P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Kushner
authors.forename: Donald A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: McClain
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006432:Hemochromatosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D007501:Iron