title: Effect of yogic colon cleansing (Laghu Sankhaprakshalana Kriya) on pain, spinal flexibility, disability and state anxiety in chronic low back pain.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Studies have shown that Integrated Yoga reduces pain, disability, anxiety and depression and increases spinal flexibility and quality-of-life in chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to compare the effect of two yoga practices namely laghu shankha prakshalana (LSP) kriya, a yogic colon cleansing technique and back pain specific asanas (Back pain special technique [BST]) on pain, disability, spinal flexibility and state anxiety in patients with CLBP.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this randomized control (self as control) study, 40 in-patients (25 were males, 15 were females) between 25 and 70 years (44.05 ± 13.27) with CLBP were randomly assigned to receive LSP or BST sessions. The measurements were taken immediately before and after each session of either of the practices (30 min) in the same participant. Randomization was used to decide the day of the session (3(rd) or 5(th) day after admission) to ensure random distribution of the hang over effect of the two practices. Statistical analysis was performed using the repeated measures analysis of variance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant group * time interaction (P < 0.001) was observed in 11 point numerical rating scale, spinal flexibility (on Leighton type Goniometer) and (straight leg raise test in both legs), Oswestry Disability Index, State Anxiety (XI component of Spieldberger's state and trait anxiety inventory. There was significantly (P < 0.001, between groups) better reduction in LSP than BST group on all variables. No adverse effects were reported by any participant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clearing the bowel by yoga based colon cleansing technique (LSP) is safe and offers immediate analgesic effect with reduced disability, anxiety and improved spinal flexibility in patients with CLBP.
authors.affiliation: Ayurveda and Yoga Specialist, Pune, India.
authors.forename: Richa Vivek
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Haldavnekar
authors.affiliation: Division of Yoga and Life Sciences, Swami-Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samthana, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Padmini
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tekur
authors.affiliation: Division of Yoga and Life Sciences, Swami-Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samthana, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Raghuram
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nagarathna
authors.affiliation: Chancellor, Swami-Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samthana, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Hongasandra Ramarao
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Nagendra
keywords: Chronic low back pain; spinal flexibility; yogic colon cleansing