title: Solid self microemulsification of Atorvastatin using hydrophilic carriers: a design.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Atorvastatin has a limited advantage to formulate oral dosage forms.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To enhance the solubility of Atorvastatin and to design the suitable solid self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (S-SMEDDS) Materials and methods: The clear and transparent self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) were formulated using coconut oil and isopropyl myristate as lipid phases; Tween 80 as surfactant; PEG 400 and glycerin as co-surfactant at 2:1, 3:1, 1:2 and 1:3 ratio. The pseudo ternary phase diagrams were constructed to identify the microemulsion region. The SMEDDS were evaluated for zeta potential, poly dispersity index, globule size, pH, viscosity and drug release. The solid SMEDDS were developed by employing adsorption and melt granulation methods. The S-SMEDDS were evaluated for micromeritics, morphology, solid state property, reconstitution ability, drug release and stability.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The micro formulations formed with particle size of 25 nm had shown a 3-folds rise in drug release. The solid SMEDDS had reconstituted to a good microemulsion rapidly in 1-3 min, with a release of 94.62% at the end of 30 min and behaved as immediate releasing capsules. Their shelf-life was found to be 1.3 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 1:3 ratio SMEDDS had shown more drug release owing to their less particle size. The solid SMEDDS had shown an increased dissolution profiles than atorvastatin. The solid state of the drug had changed in formulation inferring their enhanced solubility.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The solid form of atorvastatin liquid SMEDDS had been formulated successfully with enhanced shelf life and solubility.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutics Division, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy , A. Rangampet, Tirupati , India and.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nanda Kishore
authors.forename: Prasanna Raju
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Yalavarthi
authors.forename: Harini Chowdary
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Vadlamudi
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Vandana
authors.forename: Arun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rasheed
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sushma
mesh_terms: D000069059:Atorvastatin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D065546:Drug Liberation; D004355:Drug Stability; D004356:Drug Storage; D004655:Emulsions; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D010316:Particle Size; D012995:Solubility; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D004655:Emulsions; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D008055:Lipids; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D000069059:Atorvastatin
keywords: Adsorption; dialysis tubings; melt granulation; polydispersity index; shelf-life; zeta potential