title: Parenting stress in mothers of children with congenital heart disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The main purposes of this study were to examine the relationships among uncertainty, social support and parenting stress in mothers of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) and to identify the factors related to parenting stress.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a survey study using a questionnaire. Fifty-one mothers of children with CHD were recruited at the pediatric cardiac outpatient clinic at one university-affiliated hospital in Seoul between July 14th and September 25th, 2006. Abidin's Parenting Stress Index-Short Form, Mishel's Parents' Perception Uncertainty in Illness Scale, and Brandt and Weinert's Personal Resource Questionnaire were used to collect data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of bivariate analysis showed that parenting stress was significantly related to social support, ambiguity, lack of clarity, and lack of information, but was not related to unpredictability, one of the subconcepts of uncertainty. Multiple regression analysis showed that parenting stress was significantly related to social support and Internet information.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mothers who reported they had more social support and less uncertainty showed lower parenting stress. Also, the Internet could be an effective method to obtain information and to share child-rearing experiences with other mothers of children with CHD.
authors.affiliation: PhD Candidate, College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sunhee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Professor, College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Soo
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Professor, College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Il-Young
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Yoo