title: Evaluation of carbon nanotubes network toxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) model.
abstract: This is a detailed in vivo study of the biological response to carbon nanotubes network as probed by the zebrafish model. First, we prepared pristine carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by methanol chemical vapor deposition in the presence of Mn and Co as catalysts, followed by purification in acid, which furnished curved tubes with diameters lying between 10 and 130 nm. The CNT network consisted of pristine CNTs dispersed in water in the presence of a surfactant. The CNT network pellets corresponded to agglomerated multi-walled CNTs with an average diameter of about 500 nm. Although the same pristine CNTs had been previously found to exert genotoxic effects in vitro, here we verified that the CNT network was not genotoxic in vivo. Indeed, Raman spectroscopy and microscopy conducted in the intestine of the zebrafish revealed complete clearance of the CNT network as well as minimal disturbances, such as aneurysms, hyperemia, and reversible inflammatory focus in the zebrafish gills.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Genética e Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jose de Souza
authors.initials: Jde S
authors.lastname: Filho
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química-FFCLRP, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brasil. Electronic address: elainematsubara@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Elaine Y
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto; Universidade de São Paulo, 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto - SP - Brazil.
authors.forename: Leonardo Pereira
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Franchi
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Genética e Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Igor Pinheiro
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Genética e Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luis Miguel Ramires
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Rivera
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química-FFCLRP, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brasil. Electronic address: rosolen@ffclrp.usp.br.
authors.forename: José Mauricio
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Rosolen
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Genética e Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cesar Koppe
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Grisolia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020552:Comet Assay; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D023421:Models, Animal; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000633:toxicity*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D015027:Zebrafish
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon
keywords: Carbon nanotubes network; Cytotoxicity; Genotoxicity; Zebrafish