title: Characteristics of spondylotic myelopathy on 3D driven-equilibrium fast spin echo and 2D fast spin echo magnetic resonance imaging: a retrospective cross-sectional study.
abstract: In patients with spinal stenosis, magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine can be improved by using 3D driven-equilibrium fast spin echo sequences to provide a high-resolution assessment of osseous and ligamentous structures. However, it is not yet clear whether 3D driven-equilibrium fast spin echo sequences adequately evaluate the spinal cord itself. As a result, they are generally supplemented by additional 2D fast spin echo sequences, adding time to the examination and potential discomfort to the patient. Here we investigate the hypothesis that in patients with spinal stenosis and spondylotic myelopathy, 3D driven-equilibrium fast spin echo sequences can characterize cord lesions equally well as 2D fast spin echo sequences. We performed a retrospective analysis of 30 adult patients with spondylotic myelopathy who had been examined with both 3D driven-equilibrium fast spin echo sequences and 2D fast spin echo sequences at the same scanning session. The two sequences were inspected separately for each patient, and visible cord lesions were manually traced. We found no significant differences between 3D driven-equilibrium fast spin echo and 2D fast spin echo sequences in the mean number, mean area, or mean transverse dimensions of spondylotic cord lesions. Nevertheless, the mean contrast-to-noise ratio of cord lesions was decreased on 3D driven-equilibrium fast spin echo sequences compared to 2D fast spin echo sequences. These findings suggest that 3D driven-equilibrium fast spin echo sequences do not need supplemental 2D fast spin echo sequences for the diagnosis of spondylotic myelopathy, but they may be less well suited for quantitative signal measurements in the spinal cord.
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America.
authors.forename: Mike A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Abdulhadi
authors.affiliation: Philadelphia VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
authors.forename: Joseph R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Perno
authors.affiliation: University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Elias R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Melhem
authors.affiliation: Philadelphia VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
authors.forename: Paolo G P
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Nucifora
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013118:Spinal Cord Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D055009:Spondylosis / Q000175:diagnosis*