title: Overexpression of TGF-β1 enhances chondrogenic differentiation and proliferation of human synovium-derived stem cells.
abstract: Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily proteins play a critical role in proliferation, differentiation, and other functions of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). During chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs, TGF-β up-regulates chondrogenic gene expression by enhancing the expression of the transcription factor SRY (sex-determining region Y)-box9 (Sox9). In this study, we investigated the effect of continuous TGF-β1 overexpression in human synovium-derived MSCs (hSD-MSCs) on immunophenotype, differentiation potential, and proliferation rate. hSD-MSCs were transduced with recombinant retroviruses (rRV) encoding TGF-β1. The results revealed that continuous overexpression of TGF-β1 did not affect their phenotype as evidenced by flow cytometry and reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR). In addition, continuous TGF-β1 overexpression strongly enhanced cell proliferation of hSD-MSCs compared to the control groups. Also, induction of chondrogenesis was more effective in rRV-TGFB-transduced hSD-MSCs as shown by RT-PCR for chondrogenic markers, toluidine blue staining and glycosaminoglycan (GAG)/DNA ratio. Our data suggest that overexpression of TGF-β1 positively enhances the proliferation and chondrogenic potential of hSD-MSCs.
authors.affiliation: Center for Stem Cell & Arthritis Research, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei Sarang Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Il
authors.initials: YI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Center for Stem Cell & Arthritis Research, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei Sarang Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Sung
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.affiliation: Center for Stem Cell & Arthritis Research, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei Sarang Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jee Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Yeo
authors.affiliation: Center for Stem Cell & Arthritis Research, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei Sarang Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yun Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Center for Stem Cell & Arthritis Research, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei Sarang Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Sang
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Center for Stem Cell Research, Institute of Advanced Biomedical Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kinarm
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.affiliation: Center for Stem Cell & Arthritis Research, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei Sarang Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: yonseranglab@daum.net.
authors.forename: Yong-Gon
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Koh
mesh_terms: D002356:Cartilage / Q000166:cytology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000166:cytology*; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1
keywords: Chondrogenic differentiation; Proliferation; Synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cell; TGF-β