title: Adjustment as process and outcome: Measuring adjustment to HIV in Uganda.
abstract: 'Adjustment' in health refers to both processes and outcomes. Its measurement and conceptualisation in African cultures is limited. In total, 263 people living with HIV and receiving anti-retroviral therapy in clinics in Uganda completed a translated Mental Adjustment to HIV Scale, depression items from the Hopkins checklist and demographic questions. Factor analysis revealed four Mental Adjustment to HIV factors of active coping, cognitive-social adjustment, hopelessness and denial/avoidance. Correlations with depression supported the Mental Adjustment to HIV's validity and the importance of active adjustment, while the role of cognitive adjustment was unclear. Factors were process or outcome focussed, suggesting a need for theory-based measures in general.
authors.affiliation: University of Bath, UK University of East Anglia, UK psmfm@bath.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Faith
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: University of East Anglia, UK.
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.affiliation: University of East Anglia, UK MRC/UVRI Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, Uganda.
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Seeley
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003866:Depressive Disorder; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000523:psychology*; D006306:Health Surveys / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics; D012917:Social Adjustment; D014454:Uganda
keywords: HIV; adjustment; cross-cultural; measure; psychometrics