title: Highly sensitive analysis of flavonoids by zwitterionic microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography coupled with light-emitting diode-induced fluorescence detection.
abstract: A rapid zwitterionic microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography (ZI-MEEKC) approach coupled with light-emitting-diode-induced fluorescence (LED-IF, 480nm) detection was proposed for the analysis of flavonoids. In the optimization process, we systematically investigated the separation conditions, including the surfactants, cosurfactants, pH, buffers and fluorescence parameters. It was found that the baseline separation of the seven flavonoids was obtained in less than 5min with a running buffer consisting of 92.9% (v/v) 5mM sodium borate, 0.6% (w/v) ZI surfactant, 0.5% (w/v) ethyl acetate and 6.0% (w/v) 1-butanol. High sensitivity was obtained by the application of LED-IF detection. The limits of detection for seven flavonoids were in the range of 3.30×10(-8) to 2.15×10(-6)molL(-1) without derivatization. Ultimately, the detection method was successfully applied to the analysis of flavonoids in hawthorn plant and food products with satisfactory results.
authors.affiliation: College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
authors.forename: Wan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
authors.forename: Shuai-Shuai
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
authors.forename: Xing-Ying
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Qing
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.affiliation: College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China. Electronic address: caojun91@163.com.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310003, China.
authors.forename: Li-Hong
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
authors.forename: Han-Bin
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Juan
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Hua
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Da
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Univ Technol, Coll Pharmaceut Sci, Hangzhou 310014, China.
authors.forename: Chu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chu
mesh_terms: D020001:1-Butanol / Q000737:chemistry; D000085:Acetates / Q000737:chemistry; D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D001881:Borates / Q000737:chemistry; D002021:Buffers; D020374:Chromatography, Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary / Q000379:methods; D027825:Crataegus / Q000737:chemistry; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000032:analysis; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis*; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008027:Light; D057230:Limit of Detection; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids; D001881:Borates; D002021:Buffers; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D005419:Flavonoids; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; C018851:borax; C007650:ethyl acetate; D020001:1-Butanol; C010634:sodium borate
keywords: Flavonoids; Fluorescence detector; Hawthorn; Light-emitting diode; Microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography; Zwitterionic microemulsion