title: Current use of ultrasound transmission gel for transesophageal echocardiogram examinations: a survey of cardiothoracic anesthesiology fellowship directors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ultrasound transmission gel (USTG) is used routinely to enhance the image quality during transesophageal echocardiogram examinations. Ultrasound gel is manufactured in both sterile and non-sterile preparations, and both preparations have been used during transesophageal echocardiograms in the United States. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) currently recommends that all transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) examinations be performed using sterile ultrasound gel. The authors sought to identify if anesthesiology departments with cardiothoracic fellowship programs follow current FDA recommendations of using sterile ultrasound gel during TEE examination.
  
  
  METHODS
  Survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Survey of cardiothoracic fellowship directors. The majority of fellowship directors practice in academic hospitals although the practice site was not addressed in the survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fellowship directors volunteered to participate in the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Survey responses were tallied using the website, www.surveymonkey.com, and 56% of respondents do not currently follow the current FDA recommendations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A majority of cardiothoracic program director respondents to the authors' survey do not utilize single-use sterile packets of USTG for TEE examinations. While the infectious risk of USTG used for TEE examinations from multiple-use containers versus single-use sterile containers has not been established clearly, a change in practice to follow the current FDA recommendations may be advised.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL. Electronic address: miorourke@lumc.edu.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: O'Rourke
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Levan
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL.
authors.forename: Tayyab
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D000776:Anesthesiology / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D004866:Equipment Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D005782:Gels / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D008297:Male; D008486:Physician Executives; D010820:Physicians / Q000592:standards; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D005782:Gels
keywords: echocardiogram; gel; infection; safety; transesophageal; ultrasound