title: Roles of HIV-1 capsid in viral replication and immune evasion.
abstract: The primary roles of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) capsid (CA) protein are to encapsidate and protect the viral RNA genome. It is becoming increasing apparent that HIV-1 CA is a multifunctional protein that acts early during infection to coordinate uncoating, reverse transcription, nuclear import of the pre-integration complex and integration of double stranded viral DNA into the host genome. Additionally, numerous recent studies indicate that CA is playing a crucial function in HIV-1 immune evasion. Here we summarize the current knowledge on HIV-1 CA and its interactions with the host cell to promote infection. The fact that CA engages in a number of different protein-protein interactions with the host makes it an interesting target for the development of new potent antiviral agents.
authors.affiliation: HIV-1 RNA Trafficking Laboratory, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec H3T1E2, Canada; Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A3, Canada.
authors.forename: Valerie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Le Sage
authors.affiliation: HIV-1 RNA Trafficking Laboratory, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec H3T1E2, Canada; Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A3, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, H3A2B4, Canada.
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Mouland
authors.affiliation: HIV-1 RNA Trafficking Laboratory, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec H3T1E2, Canada; Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A3, Canada. Electronic address: fernando.valiente-echeverria@mail.mcgill.ca.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Valiente-Echeverría
mesh_terms: D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; D002213:Capsid / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D057131:Immune Evasion; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D016662:Virus Integration; D053586:Virus Internalization; D014779:Virus Replication; D057646:Virus Uncoating
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins
keywords: Capsid (CA); Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1); Innate immune evasion; Nuclear import; Stress granules; Virus–host interactions