title: Tumour necrosis factor-alpha gene polymorphisms in Iranian patients with biliary atresia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Biliary atresia (BA) is a progressive inflammatory destructive process of the bile ducts. This study evaluated the relationship between single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter region of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) gene and bilaiary atresia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genomic deoxyribonucleic acid from 16 patients with established diagnosis of BA and 36 patients with INC was obtained. The genotypes of TNF-α-1031 (T/C) and TNF-α-308 (G/A) were determined using the restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction and the results were analysis with proper statistic software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequencies of T/T, T/C in TNF-α-1031 and G/G, G/A in TNF-α-308 were as same as control group. Moreover, we have same deduction for allele frequency and haplotypes analysis (T allele: 84.37%; G allele: 87.5%) in BA patients (T allele: 80.56%; G allele: 86.11%) in controls. In all cases variants of polymorphism did not affect the severity or incidence of BA disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  although no significant associations were found between BA and control groups, it seems meaningful that since the nature of BA is multi factorial. Next step will be considering a new target such as downstream modulation of the TNF-α pathway or other cytokines and chemokines which act directly/indirectly.
authors.forename: Nikou
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fotouhi
authors.forename: Morteza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bonyadi
authors.forename: Zohreh
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jahanafrooz
authors.forename: Nahid
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ahmadian
authors.forename: Mahnaz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sadeghi-Shabestari
authors.forename: Saeid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aslanabadi
authors.forename: Robabeh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ghergherehchi
authors.forename: Milad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pormosavi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Health Research Center, Liver & Gastrointestinal Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mandana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rafeey
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D001656:Biliary Atresia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D004247:DNA