title: Acute oral toxicity of the ethyl acetate fraction of Orostachys japonicus in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Orostachys japonicus (Crassulaceae) is referred to as Wa-song in Korea. It is used as an anti-inflammatory, antifebrile, hemostatic, and anti cancer agent, and as an antidote.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the acute toxicity of the ethyl acetate fraction of O. japonicus (OJE) after the oral administration in Balb/c mice of both sexes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice were oral administered a single doses of 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg of body weight and were monitored for 14 d. Biochemical parameters [aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein (TP), globulin (GB), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine (CR)] and histopathological examination of liver were performed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No animals died and no toxic changes were observed in clinical signs, body weight, and organ weight. The LD50 of orally administered OJE was higher than 2000 mg/kg/d in both sexes. No toxicological findings were found in biochemical parameters. In histophathological examination, neutrophilic infiltration was observed at a dose of 2000 mg/kg group in both sexes. These finding suggest that oral administration of OJE does not produce acute toxicity. Therefore, these results could provide satisfactory preclinical evidence of safety to launch clinical trials on standardized formulation of OJE to be a biohealth product.
authors.affiliation: Department of Smart Foods and Drugs and.
authors.forename: Seon-Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Deok-Seon
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Hyeong-Seon
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hye-Ryoung
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Ji-Hye
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Dong-Seok
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D029627:Crassulaceae; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009026:Mortality / Q000639:trends; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D011897:Random Allocation; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D010936:Plant Extracts; C007650:ethyl acetate
keywords: Acute toxicity; histopathology; serum biochemistry; single dose