title: A rabbit model of non-typhoidal Salmonella bacteremia.
abstract: Bacteremia is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in humans. In this study, we focused on the development of an animal model of bacteremia induced by non-typhoidal Salmonella. New Zealand White rabbits were inoculated with a human isolate of non-typhoidal Salmonella strain CVD J73 via the intra-peritoneal route. Blood samples were collected at specific time points and at euthanasia from infected rabbits. Additionally, tissue samples from the heart, lungs, spleen, gastrointestinal tract, liver and kidneys were obtained at euthanasia. All experimentally infected rabbits displayed clinical signs of disease (fever, dehydration, weight loss and lethargy). Tissues collected at necropsy from the animals exhibited histopathological changes indicative of bacteremia. Non-typhoidal Salmonella bacteria were detected in the blood and tissue samples of infected rabbits by microbiological culture and real-time PCR assays. The development of this animal model of bacteremia could prove to be a useful tool for studying how non-typhoidal Salmonella infections disseminate and spread in humans.
authors.affiliation: Program of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States. Electronic address: apanda@vetmed.umaryland.edu.
authors.forename: Aruna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Panda
authors.affiliation: Program of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tatarov
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.
authors.forename: Billie Jo
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Masek
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hardick
authors.affiliation: Program of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
authors.forename: Annabelle
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Crusan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wakefield
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Carroll
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.
authors.forename: Yu-Hsiang
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.affiliation: Program of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
authors.forename: Michael M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Lipsky
authors.affiliation: Program of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
authors.forename: Charles G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: McLeod
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Center for Vaccine Development, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Pediatrics, Departments of Pediatrics, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
authors.forename: Myron M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.
authors.forename: Richard E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Rothman
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.
authors.forename: Charlotte A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Gaydos
authors.affiliation: Program of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
authors.forename: Louis J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: DeTolla
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016470:Bacteremia; D001831:Body Temperature; D001835:Body Weight; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D060005:Genotyping Techniques; D006801:Humans; D007082:Ileum / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D011817:Rabbits; D012475:Salmonella / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D012703:Serotyping; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Bacteremia; Non-typhoidal Salmonella infections; Rabbit model