title: Insulin blocks glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in differentiated SH-SY5Y neuronal cells.
abstract: Insulin is a cytokine which promotes cell growth. Recently, a few published reports on insulin in different cell lines support the antiapoptotic effect of insulin. But the reports fail to explain the role of insulin in modulating glutamate-mediated neuronal cell death through excitotoxicity. Thus, we examined the neuroprotective effect of insulin on glutamate-induced toxicity on differentiated SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. Changes in cell viability were measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) based assay, while apoptotic damage was detected by acridine orange/ethidium bromide and Hoechst staining. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and morphological alterations were also measured. Treatment with glutamate induced apoptosis, elevated ROS levels and caused damage to neurons. Insulin was able to attenuate the glutamate-induced excitotoxic damage to neuronal cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
authors.forename: Madhavan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nampoothiri
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
authors.forename: Neetinkumar D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
authors.forename: Jessy
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2551-2320
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: John
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
authors.forename: Nitesh
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4929-3954
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
authors.forename: Gopalan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kutty Nampurath
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
authors.forename: Mallikarjuna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rao Chamallamudi
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D018698:Glutamic Acid