title: ADHD inattentive symptoms mediate the relationship between intelligence and academic performance in children aged 6-14.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fluid intelligence and the behavioral problems of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are related to academic performance, but how this association occurs is unclear. This study aimed to assess mediation and moderation models that test possible pathways of influence between these factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-two children with ADHD and 33 age-matched, typically developing students were evaluated with Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices and the spelling and arithmetic subtests of the Brazilian School Achievement Test. Dimensional ADHD symptomatology was reported by parents.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our findings suggest that fluid intelligence has a significant impact on academic tests through inattention. The inattentive dimension was the principal behavioral source of influence, also accounting for the association of hyperactive-impulsive manifestations with school achievement. This cognitive-to-behavioral influence path seems to be independent of diagnosis related group, and gender, but lower socioeconomic status might increase its strength.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fluid intelligence is a relevant factor in the influence of ADHD behavioral symptoms on academic performance, but its impact is indirect. Therefore, early identification of both fluid intelligence and inattentive symptoms is of the utmost importance to prevent impaired academic performance and future difficulties in functioning.
authors.affiliation: National Science and Technology Institute for Molecular Medicine (INCT-MM), School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Danielle de S
authors.initials: Dde S
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: National Science and Technology Institute for Molecular Medicine (INCT-MM), School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jonas J de
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Paula
authors.affiliation: National Science and Technology Institute for Molecular Medicine (INCT-MM), School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antônio M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Alvim-Soares Júnior
authors.affiliation: National Science and Technology Institute for Molecular Medicine (INCT-MM), School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Breno S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Diniz
authors.affiliation: National Science and Technology Institute for Molecular Medicine (INCT-MM), School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marco A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Romano-Silva
authors.affiliation: National Science and Technology Institute for Molecular Medicine (INCT-MM), School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leandro F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Malloy-Diniz
authors.affiliation: National Science and Technology Institute for Molecular Medicine (INCT-MM), School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Débora M de
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Miranda
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001519:Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D001938:Brazil; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007360:Intelligence / Q000502:physiology*; D007361:Intelligence Tests; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology*