title: Parental monitoring affects the relationship between depressed mood and alcohol-related problems in adolescents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Parental monitoring has been identified as a protective factor for adolescent drinking, whereas depressed mood, peer substance use, and peer tolerance of substance use have been identified as risk factors. The purpose of this study was to test the association between depressed mood and alcohol-related problems in adolescents, and to test whether parental monitoring and peer substance use/tolerance of use moderate the strength of this relationship.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants included 227 adolescents (Mage = 15.36; 51.5% female) recruited from a hospital emergency department and surrounding community who completed self-report assessments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hierarchical linear regression analysis demonstrated that depressed mood was associated with more alcohol-related problems. A significant interaction between depressed mood and parental monitoring indicated a moderating effect, with high levels of depressed mood being associated with alcohol-related problems when parental monitoring was low; at low levels of depressed mood, parental monitoring was not related to alcohol-related problems.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study highlights the protective role that parental monitoring may play in the association between depressed mood and alcohol-related problems and suggests that parenting practices, in addition to individual counseling, should be addressed in treatment of depressed adolescents who drink.
authors.affiliation: a Simmons School of Social Work, Boston Children's Hospital , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts , USA.
authors.forename: Kimberly H McManama
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.forename: Lynn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spirito
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D000067074:Peer Influence; D065840:Protective Factors; D012307:Risk Factors; D000066608:Underage Drinking / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
keywords: Parental monitoring; adolescents; alcohol-related problems; depressed mood