title: Effect of citrus flavonoids, naringin and naringenin, on metabolic syndrome and their mechanisms of action.
abstract: Flavonoids are important natural compounds with diverse biologic activities. Citrus flavonoids constitute an important series of flavonoids. Naringin and its aglycone naringenin belong to this series of flavonoids and were found to display strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Several lines of investigation suggest that naringin supplementation is beneficial for the treatment of obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome. A number of molecular mechanisms underlying its beneficial activities have been elucidated. However, their effect on obesity and metabolic disorder remains to be fully established. Moreover, the therapeutic uses of these flavonoids are significantly limited by the lack of adequate clinical evidence. This review aims to explore the biologic activities of these compounds, particularly on lipid metabolism in obesity, oxidative stress, and inflammation in context of metabolic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane Australia Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh sonaliagun@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: M Ashraful
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Alam
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, Australia.
authors.forename: Nusrat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Subhan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: M Mahbubur
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.affiliation: Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh; and.
authors.forename: Shaikh J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Uddin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Hasan M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Reza
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: Satyajit D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Sarker
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002957:Citrus / Q000737:chemistry*; D044950:Flavanones / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D044950:Flavanones; D010936:Plant Extracts; C005273:naringenin; C005274:naringin