title: Distinctive genetic activity pattern of the human dental pulp between deciduous and permanent teeth.
abstract: Human deciduous and permanent teeth exhibit different developmental processes, morphologies, histological characteristics and life cycles. In addition, their pulp tissues react differently to external stimuli, such as the pulp sensitivity test, dental trauma and pulp therapy materials. These suggest differences in gene expression and regulation, and in this study we compared gene-expression profiles of the human dental pulp from deciduous and permanent teeth. Pulp tissues from permanent premolars and deciduous molars aged 11-14 years were extirpated and mRNA was isolated for cDNA microarray analysis, and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Other teeth were used for immunohistochemical analysis (IHC). Microarray analysis identified 263 genes with a twofold or greater difference in expression level between the two types of pulp tissue, 43 and 220 of which were more abundant in deciduous and permanent pulp tissues, respectively. qPCR analysis was conducted for eight randomly selected genes, and the findings were consistent with the cDNA microarray results. IHC confirmed that insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) was broadly expressed in deciduous dental pulp tissue, but minimally expressed in permanent dental pulp tissue. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that calbindin 1 (CALB1), leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5), and gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor beta 1 (GABRB1) were abundantly expressed in permanent predentin/odontoblasts, but only minimally expressed in deciduous dental pulp tissue. These results show that deciduous and permanent pulp tissues have different characteristics and gene expression, suggesting that they may have different functions and responses to therapies focused on pulp or dentin regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Oral Science Research Center, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Oral Science Research Center, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Mijeong
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Oral Science Research Center, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Je-Seon
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Oral Science Research Center, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Oral Science Research Center, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Byung-Jai
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biology, Division in Histology, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Han-Sung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biology, Division in Pharmacology, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Seok Jun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Pamela K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: DenBesten
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Oral Science Research Center, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Seong-Oh
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D064092:Calbindin 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014070:Tooth / Q000378:metabolism*; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D064092:Calbindin 1; C546264:GABRB1 protein, human; C406144:IGF2BP1 protein, human; C116884:LGR5 protein, human; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A