title: Effect of a tunnel-structured β-tricalcium phosphate graft material on periodontal regeneration: a pilot study in a canine one-wall intrabony defect model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tissue regeneration is affected by the porosity, chemical properties and geometric structure of graft materials. Regeneration of severe periodontal defects, such as one-wall intrabony defects, is difficult because of reduced tissue support, and bone grafts are commonly used in such cases. In the present study, a tunnel-structured β-tricalcium phosphate (tunnel β-TCP) graft material designed to stimulate bone formation was fabricated. The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the effect of this graft material on periodontal regeneration in one-wall intrabony defects in dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six male beagle dogs were used in this study. First, the mandibular second and third incisors were extracted. Experimental surgery was performed 12 wk after tooth extraction. Bilateral 4 × 8 mm (width × depth) one-wall intrabony defects were created in the mesial side of the mandibular canines. At the experimental sites, the defects were filled with tunnel β-TCP, whereas the control defects were left empty. Twelve weeks after surgery, qualitative and quantitative histological analyses were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no signs of clinical inflammation 12 wk after surgery. Coronal extension indicative of new bone formation was higher at the experimental sites than at the control sites, although the differences between both the sites in the newly formed cementum and connective tissue attachment were not significant. Newly formed periodontal ligament and cementum-like tissue were evident along the root surface at the experimental sites. The inner surface of the tunnels was partially resorbed and replaced with new bone. New blood vessels were observed inside the lumens of tunnel β-TCP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tunnel β-TCP serves as a scaffold for new bone formation in one-wall intrabony defects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akizuki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hoshi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikawa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sunaga
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuboki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Izumi
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D025021:Cementogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D003094:Collagen; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003481:Cuspid / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D013997:Time Factors; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate; D003094:Collagen
keywords: intrabony defects; periodontal regeneration; tissue engineering; β-tricalcium phosphate