title: [Bilateral neck exploration with intraoperative iPTH assay in patients not eligible for minimally invasive parathyroidectomy].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bilateral neck exploration (BNE) is the preferred surgical technique in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) not eligible for minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP). The aim of this study was to assess indications for BNE in the era of MIP, including short-term outcomes of surgery with intraoperative intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) monitoring added-value.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data of 155 patients with pHPT qualified for BNE with intraoperative iPTH monitoring and treated in 2003-2012 were retrospectively analysed. All patients underwent biochemical and imaging testing in the preoperative work-up. The following endpoints were analysed in this study: indications for BNE, short-term outcomes of surgery, and intraoperative iPTH monitoring added-value.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Indications for BNE were: negative preoperative imaging in 65 (41.9%) patients, concomitant goitre necessitating surgical removal in 51 (32.9%) patients, MEN 1 syndrome in 17 (11.0%) patients, lithium treatment in 12 (7.7%) patients, lacking consent for MIP in 5 (3.2%) patients, and MEN 2A syndrome in 5 (3.2%) patients. The extent of parathyroidectomy was a solitary parathyroid adenoma removal in 97 (62,6%) patients, subtotal parathyroidectomy in 41 (26.4%) patients, and double-parathyroid adenoma removal in 17 (11,0%) patients. Use of intraoperative iPTH monitoring influenced on the extent of parathyroid tissue resection in 16(10.3%) patients. Normalised total serum calcium values were observed in 154 (99.4%) patients during a 6-month follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BNE in patients with pHPT is the preferred surgical technique in the following circumstances: a suspicion of multiglandular parathyroid disease (MEN 1 or 2A syndrome, familial hyperparathyroidism, lithium therapy), a negative preoperative imaging, in patients not consenting for MIP, and in cases with concomitant goitre necessitating surgical treatment. Use of intraoperative iPTH monitoring influences on the extent of parathyroid tissue resection in one often patients, hence assuring the highest quality of surgical treatment.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Papier
authors.forename: Jakub
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kenig
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barczyński
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006042:Goiter / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D018020:Lithium Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative; D018761:Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D018813:Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism; D010279:Parathyroid Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000378:metabolism*; D010282:Parathyroid Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D016105:Parathyroidectomy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018020:Lithium Compounds; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D002118:Calcium