title: Hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction for the direct determination of flumequine in urban wastewaters by flow-injection analysis with terbium-sensitized chemiluminescence.
abstract: A flow-injection analysis chemiluminescence method based on the enhancement effect of the flumequine-Tb(III) complex on the weak native emission of the Ce(IV)-Na2SO3 system has been developed for the determination of flumequine. The method includes a cleanup and preconcentration stage (750-fold) of the sample by hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction using an Accurel(®) Q 3/2 polypropylene hollow fiber impregnated with 1-octanol as the supported liquid membrane. The obtained 50 μL acceptor phase was injected in a 1 mM Tb(III) + 4 mM Ce(IV) in 5% v/v H2 SO4 stream and mixed with a 2 mM Na2 SO3 stream before its introduction into the flow cell. The chemiluminescence signal was linear in the 0.3-15 ng/mL range, with detection and quantitation limits of 0.1 and 0.3 ng/mL, respectively. The method allows the selective extraction and determination of flumequine in wastewater samples, using simpler and lower-cost instrumentation and with shorter extraction and analysis times than traditional high-performance liquid chromatography analysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ocaña-González
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ramos-Payán
authors.forename: Rut
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fernández-Torres
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Callejón-Mochón
authors.forename: Miguel Ángel
authors.initials: MÁ
authors.lastname: Bello-López
mesh_terms: D017022:Flow Injection Analysis; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000032:analysis*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D059627:Liquid Phase Microextraction; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D015394:Molecular Structure; D016062:Porosity; D013499:Surface Properties; D013725:Terbium / Q000737:chemistry*; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D013725:Terbium; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C012976:flumequine
keywords: Chemiluminescence; Flow injection; Flumequine; Hollow fibers; Wastewater