title: Evaluation of mutagenic, teratogenic, and immunomodulatory effects of Annona nutans hydromethanolic fraction on pregnant mice.
abstract: Plants such as Annona nutans used in folk medicine have a large number of biologically active compounds with pharmacological and/or toxic potential. Moreover, pregnant women use these plants indiscriminately, mainly in the form of teas, without being aware of the harm that they could cause to the health of the embryo/fetus. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the potential toxic effects of medicinal plants during gestation. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of A. nutans hydromethanolic fraction leaves (ANHMF) on mutagenic and immunomodulatory activity, reproductive performance, and embryo-fetal development in pregnant female mice. The animals (N=50 female and 25 male) were divided into 5 groups: Control, Pre-treatment, Organogenesis, Gestational, and Pre+Gestational. The results indicate that ANHMF mainly contains flavonoid and other phenolic derivatives. It was found that it does not exhibit any mutagenic or immunomodulatory activity, and it does not cause embryo-fetal toxicity. Based on the protocols used in the present studies, our analyses confirm that it is safe to use ANHMF during pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Estudos em Células-Tronco, Terapia Celular e Genética Toxicológica, Núcleo de Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.affiliation: Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, MG, Brasil.
authors.forename: N L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Programa de Doutorado em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Rede Pró Centro-Oeste, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Mauro
authors.affiliation: Centro de Estudos em Células-Tronco, Terapia Celular e Genética Toxicológica, Núcleo de Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: David
authors.affiliation: Programa de Mestrado em Farmácia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Cunha-Laura
authors.affiliation: Programa de Mestrado em Farmácia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Auharek
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: A C D
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Monreal
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, MG, Brasil.
authors.forename: F J L
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, MG, Brasil.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Siqueira
authors.affiliation: Centro de Estudos em Células-Tronco, Terapia Celular e Genética Toxicológica, Núcleo de Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil rodrigo.oliveira@ufms.br.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Oliveira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D031041:Annona / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D047109:Fetal Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D011247:Pregnancy; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D013154:Spleen / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts