title: Suppression of Inflammatory cytokine production by ar-Turmerone isolated from Curcuma phaeocaulis.
abstract: Rhizomes of Curcuma phaeocaulis Valeton (Zingiberaceae) have traditionally been used for controlling inflammatory conditions. Numerous studies have aimed to isolate and characterize the bioactive constituents of C. phaeocaulis. It has been reported that its anti-inflammatory properties are a result of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition; however, its effect on the T-cell function remains to be elucidated. In this study, four known sesquiterpenoids, viz., ar-turmerone (TM), germacrone (GM), (+)-(4S,5S)-germacrone-4,5-epoxide (GE), and curzerenone (CZ), were isolated from C. phaeocaulis rhizomes and evaluated for their effects on the CD4(+) T-cell function. While GM, GE, and CZ had no effect on the activation of splenic T cells or CD4(+) T cells, TM suppressed the interferon (IFN)-γ production, without affecting the interleukin (IL)-4 expression. TM also decreased the expression of IL-2 in CD4(+) T cells, but did not change their cell-division rates upon stimulation. These results suggest that TM, a major constituent of C. phaeocaulis rhizomes selectively exerts potent anti-inflammatory effects via suppression of the inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ and IL-2.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Global Top 5 Research Program, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-750, Korea, (phone: +82-2-32774369 (E. S. H.), 3047 (E. K. S.); fax: +82-2-32773760 (E. S. H.), 3051 (E. K. S.)).
authors.forename: Sera
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: A Rheum
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Hye Ryeon
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Eun Jung
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Hyo Kyeong
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Mi Gyeong
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Hyuna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Gun Hwa
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Eun Kyoung
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Eun Sook
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Hwang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D030024:Curcuma / Q000737:chemistry*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology; D007659:Ketones / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D007376:Interleukin-2; D007659:Ketones; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C078098:ar-turmerone; D007371:Interferon-gamma
keywords: Anti-inflammatory activity; CD4+ T cells; Curcuma phaeocaulis; IFN-γ; IL-2; Rhizomes; ar-Turmerone