title: Pollution-induced community tolerance to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in fluvial biofilm communities affected by WWTP effluents.
abstract: We assessed the tolerance acquired by stream biofilms to two non-steroidal anti-inflammatory-drugs (NSAIDs), ibuprofen and diclofenac. Biofilms came from a stream system receiving the effluent of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The response of biofilms from a non-polluted site (upstream the WWTP) was compared to that of others downstream with relevant and decreasing levels of NSAIDs. Experiments performed in the laboratory following the pollution-induced community tolerance (PICT) approach determined that both algae and microbial communities from biofilms of the sites exposed at the highest concentrations of ibuprofen and diclofenac acquired tolerance to the mixture of these NSAIDs occurring at the sites. It was also observed that the chronic pollution by the WWTP effluent affected the microbial metabolic profile, as well as the structure of the algal community. The low (at ng L(-1) level) but chronic inputs of pharmaceuticals to the river ecosystem result in tolerant communities of lower diversity and altered microbial metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), C/Emili Grahit 101, E-17003 Girona, Spain. Electronic address: natalia.corcoll@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Natàlia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Corcoll
authors.affiliation: Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), C/Emili Grahit 101, E-17003 Girona, Spain.
authors.forename: Vicenç
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Acuña
authors.affiliation: Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), C/Emili Grahit 101, E-17003 Girona, Spain; Department of Environmental Chemistry (IIQAB - CSIC), C/Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Damià
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Barceló
authors.affiliation: Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), C/Emili Grahit 101, E-17003 Girona, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Casellas
authors.affiliation: Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona (UdG), Campus de Montilivi, E-17071 Girona, Spain.
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guasch
authors.affiliation: Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), C/Emili Grahit 101, E-17003 Girona, Spain.
authors.forename: Belinda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Huerta
authors.affiliation: Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), C/Emili Grahit 101, E-17003 Girona, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Mira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Petrovic
authors.affiliation: Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), C/Emili Grahit 101, E-17003 Girona, Spain.
authors.forename: Lidia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ponsatí
authors.affiliation: Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), C/Emili Grahit 101, E-17003 Girona, Spain.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Mozaz
authors.affiliation: Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), C/Emili Grahit 101, E-17003 Girona, Spain; Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona (UdG), Campus de Montilivi, E-17071 Girona, Spain.
authors.forename: Sergi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sabater
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000633:toxicity*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000528:radiation effects; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000633:toxicity; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D017753:Ecosystem; D007052:Ibuprofen / Q000633:toxicity; D008027:Light; D045483:Rivers / Q000382:microbiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D018505:Waste Management; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*; D014876:Water Pollution
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D004008:Diclofenac; D007052:Ibuprofen; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Biofilms; Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; Pharmaceuticals; Pollution-induced community tolerance (PICT); Rivers