title: Physical-, chemical-, and microbiological-based identification of electron beam- and γ-irradiated frozen crushed garlic.
abstract: Identification of frozen crushed garlic, commercially available in the Korean market, was performed using four different analytical techniques (three screening and one confirmation). The garlic samples produced in Korea and China were irradiated (electron-beam and γ-rays) at 0, 1, 4, and 7 kGy. Non-irradiated samples showed a relatively moderate population of aerobic bacteria and yeasts/molds around 10(5) CFU/g. Irradiation treatments unequivocally reduced the microbial/fungal populations with dose increments. Microbiological screening through direct epifluorescent filter technique/aerobic plate count (DEFT/APC) method effectively differentiated the non-irradiated and irradiated samples. An electronic nose method positively differentiated the odor patterns of samples based on chemical sensing. However, photostimulated luminescence technique (PSL) exhibited poor sensitivity. Minerals separated from irradiated samples produced thermoluminescence (TL) glow curves in the specific temperature range of 150-250 °C. In conclusion, TL confirmatory analysis gave the most promising results in detecting the irradiation status of garlic samples irrespective of the production origin and type of ionizing radiation treatment.
authors.affiliation: School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University , Daegu 702-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyo-Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jae-Jun
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Hafiz Muhammad
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Shahbaz
authors.forename: Ki-Hwan
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Joong-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kwon
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D004583:Electrons; D005514:Food Irradiation; D005519:Food Preservation / Q000379:methods; D059022:Food Safety; D005615:Freezing; D005720:Gamma Rays; D005737:Garlic / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D008903:Minerals / Q000032:analysis; D056910:Republic of Korea
chemical_list: D008903:Minerals