title: From molecular evolution to biobricks and synthetic modules: a lesson by the bacterial flagellum.
abstract: The bacterial flagellum is a motility structure and represents one of the most sophisticated nanomachines in the biosphere. Here, we review the current knowledge on the flagellum, its architecture with respect to differences between Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and other species-specific variations (e.g. the flagellar filament protein, Flagellin). We further focus on the mechanism by which the two nucleotide-binding proteins FlhF and FlhG ensure the correct reproduction of flagella place and number (the flagellation pattern). We will finish the review with an overview of current biotechnological applications, and a perspective of how understanding flagella can contribute to developing modules for synthetic approaches.
authors.affiliation: a LOEWE Center for Synthetic Microbiology (Synmikro) & Department of Chemistry , Philipps University Marburg , Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35043 Marburg , Germany.
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Altegoer
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schuhmacher
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pausch
authors.forename: Gert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bange
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019020:Directed Molecular Evolution / Q000379:methods*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005407:Flagella / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D058615:Synthetic Biology / Q000379:methods; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins
keywords: ATPase; GTPase; biotechnology; evolution; flagellum; macromolecular assembly; synthetic