title: Frequency of use, awareness, and attitudes toward side effects of anabolic-androgenic steroids consumption among male medical students in Iran.
abstract: This study was conducted to determine the frequency of anabolic-androgenic steroids consumption in male students studying at the university and their awareness, attitude, and role of sports activities; the present descriptive study was conducted on 271 volunteers in 2008. The data collected by self-report questionnaires was analyzed by descriptive inferential statistics. The prevalence of consumption was 3.3%, and it was significantly higher in those with a history of bodybuilding or athletic performance. The overall awareness rate was low, and the attitude was too optimistic. It seems that unawareness, incorrect attitude, and history of athletic performance increases the risk of consumption.
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Ibn-e-Sina Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Fayyazi Bordbar
authors.forename: Ebrahim
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Abdollahian
authors.forename: Roya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Samadi
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dolatabadi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D045930:Anabolic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000728:Androgens / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D004300:Doping in Sports / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D013177:Sports / Q000523:psychology; D013337:Students, Medical / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014891:Weight Lifting / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D045930:Anabolic Agents; D000728:Androgens
keywords: anabolic–androgenic steroids; attitude; bodybuilding; knowledge; prevalence