title: Effect of whey protein hydrolysate on performance and recovery of top-class orienteering runners.
abstract: This trial aimed to examine the effect of whey protein hydrolysate intake before and after exercise sessions on endurance performance and recovery in elite orienteers during a training camp. Eighteen elite orienteers participated in a randomized controlled intervention trial during a 1-week training camp (13 exercise sessions). Half of the runners (PRO-CHO) ingested a protein drink before (0.3 g kg(-1)) and a protein-carbohydrate drink after (0.3 g protein kg(-1) and 1 g carbohydrate kg(-1)) each exercise session. The others ingested energy and time-matched carbohydrate drinks (CHO). A 4-km run-test with 20 control points was performed before and on the last day of the intervention. Blood and saliva were obtained in the mornings, before and after run-tests, and after the last training session. During the intervention, questionnaires were fulfilled regarding psychological sense of performance capacity and motivation. PRO-CHO and not CHO improved performance in the 4-km run-test (interaction p < .05). An increase in serum creatine kinase was observed during the week, which was greater in CHO than PRO-CHO (interaction p < .01). Lactate dehydrogenase (p < .001) and cortisol (p = .057) increased during the week, but the change did not differ between groups. Reduction in sense of performance capacity during the intervention was greater in CHO (p < .05) than PRO-CHO. In conclusion, ingestion of whey protein hydrolysate before and after each exercise session improves performance and reduces markers of muscle damage during a strenuous 1-week training camp. The results indicate that protein supplementation in conjunction with each exercise session facilitates the recovery from strenuous training in elite orienteers.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Mette
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bangsbo
authors.forename: Jørgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: Bo Martin
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Bibby
authors.forename: Klavs
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Madsen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000523:psychology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000378:metabolism; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects*; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000187:drug effects*; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D064133:Sports Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000067796:Whey / Q000737:chemistry*; D000067816:Whey Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates; D000067816:Whey Proteins; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D006854:Hydrocortisone