title: Implementation of the surgical safety checklist in Switzerland and perceptions of its benefits: cross-sectional survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the implementation of the Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) among surgeons and anaesthetists working in Swiss hospitals and clinics and their perceptions of the SSC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional survey at the 97th Annual Meeting of the Swiss Society of Surgery, Switzerland, 2010. Opinions of the SSC were assessed with a 6-item questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  152 respondents answered the questionnaire (participation rate 35.1%). 64.7% respondents acknowledged having a checklist in their hospital or their clinic. Median implementation year was 2009. More than 8 out of 10 respondents reported their team applied the Sign In and the Time Out very often or quasi systematically, whereas almost half of respondents acknowledged the Sign Out was applied never or rarely. The majority of respondents agreed that the checklist improves safety and team communication, and helps to develop a safety culture. However, they were less supportive about the opinion that the checklist facilitates teamwork and eliminates social hierarchy between caregivers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This survey indicates that the SSC has been largely implemented in many Swiss hospitals and clinics. Both surgeons and anaesthetists perceived the SSC as a valuable tool in improving intraoperative patient safety and communication among health care professionals, with lesser importance in facilitating teamwork (and eliminating hierarchical categories).
authors.affiliation: Quality of care service, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cullati
authors.affiliation: Division of anesthesiology, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Marc-Joseph
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Licker
authors.affiliation: Quality of care service, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Francis
authors.affiliation: Quality of care unit, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Degiorgi
authors.affiliation: Patient Safety Foundation Switzerland, Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bezzola
authors.affiliation: Division of clinical epidemiology, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Delphine S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Courvoisier
authors.affiliation: Quality of care service, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chopard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000758:Anesthesia; D057189:Checklist; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005104:Expert Testimony; D005260:Female; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006761:Hospitals / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061214:Patient Safety; D066231:Surgeons / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013557:Switzerland; D055815:Young Adult