title: Biodegradable gelatin-ciprofloxacin-montmorillonite composite hydrogels for controlled drug release and wound dressing application.
abstract: This work reports intercalation of a sparingly soluble antibiotic (ciprofloxacin) into layered nanostructure silicate, montmorillonite (MMT) and its reaction with bone derived polypeptide, gelatin that yields three-dimensional composite hydrogel. Drug intercalation results in changes in MMT layered space and drug loaded MMT and gelatin creates 3D morphology with biodegradable composite hydrogels. These changes can be correlated with electrostatic interactions between the drug, MMT and the gelatin polypeptides as confirmed by X-ray diffraction patterns, thermal, spectroscopic analyses, computational modeling and 3D morphology revealed by SEM and TEM analysis. No significant changes in structural and functional properties of drug was found after intercalation in MMT layers and composite hydrogels. In vitro drug release profiles showed controlled release up to 150h. The drug loaded composite hydrogels were tested on lung cancer cells (A549) by MTT assay. The results of in vitro cell migration and proliferation assay were promising as composite hydrogels induced wound healing progression. In vitro biodegradation was studied using proteolytic enzymes (lysozyme and protease K) at physiological conditions. This new approach of drug intercalation into the layered nanostructure silicate by ion-exchange may have significant applications in cost-effective wound dressing biomaterial with antimicrobial property.
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar 364 021, Gujarat, India; Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382 481, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Bhavesh D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Kevadiya
authors.affiliation: Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382 481, Gujarat, India. Electronic address: shalini.rjk@nirmauni.ac.in.
authors.forename: Shalini
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rajkumar
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar 364 021, Gujarat, India. Electronic address: hcbajaj@csmcri.org.
authors.forename: Hari C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Bajaj
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Shree Ramkrishna Institute of Computer Education and Applied Sciences, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat, India. Electronic address: scheti@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Shiva Shankaran
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Chettiar
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar 364 021, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Kalpeshgiri
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gosai
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar 364 021, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Harshad
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Brahmbhatt
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar 364 021, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Adarsh S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Bhatt
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India. Electronic address: yogeshbaravalia@yahoo.in.
authors.forename: Yogesh K
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Barvaliya
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Gaurav S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Dave
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Christ College, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India. Electronic address: kothari1971@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ramesh K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Kothari
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001458:Bandages; D001546:Bentonite / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005780:Gelatin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D020100:Hydrogels; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D033362:Powder Diffraction; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D020100:Hydrogels; D001546:Bentonite; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D005780:Gelatin
keywords: Biodegradation; Cell migration; Ciprofloxacin; Montmorillonite; Wound healing