title: In Vivo Hypocholesterolemic Effect of MARDI Fermented Red Yeast Rice Water Extract in High Cholesterol Diet Fed Mice.
abstract: Fermented red yeast rice has been traditionally consumed as medication in Asian cuisine. This study aimed to determine the in vivo hypocholesterolemic and antioxidant effects of fermented red yeast rice water extract produced using Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI) Monascus purpureus strains in mice fed with high cholesterol diet. Absence of monacolin-k, lower level of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), higher content of total amino acids, and antioxidant activities were detected in MARDI fermented red yeast rice water extract (MFRYR). In vivo MFRYR treatment on hypercholesterolemic mice recorded similar lipid lowering effect as commercial red yeast rice extract (CRYR) as it helps to reduce the elevated serum liver enzyme and increased the antioxidant levels in liver. This effect was also associated with the upregulation of apolipoproteins-E and inhibition of Von Willebrand factor expression. In summary, MFRYR enriched in antioxidant and amino acid without monacolin-k showed similar hypocholesterolemic effect as CRYR that was rich in monacolin-k and GABA.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Swee Keong
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4736-0674
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Yeap
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Boon Kee
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Beh
authors.affiliation: Aning Biotech Corporation Sdn Bhd., 13G & 13-1, Jalan LJ3, Lembah Jaya Industrial Park, 68000 Ampang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Wan Yong
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Hamidah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mohd Yusof
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Nurul Elyani
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3461-8602
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Mohamad
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioprocess Biotechnology, Malaysian Agriculture Research Development Institute, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Aminuddin Bin
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Hussin
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Centre, Malaysian Agriculture Research Development Institute, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Indu Bala
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Jaganath
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Noorjahan Banu
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Alitheen
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioprocess Biotechnology, Malaysian Agriculture Research Development Institute, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Anisah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jamaluddin
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioprocess Biotechnology, Malaysian Agriculture Research Development Institute, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Kamariah
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3785-2106
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Long