title: Brain edema and protein expression of c-Fos and c-Jun in the brain after diffused brain injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate brain edema and protein expression of c-Fos and c-Jun in brain after diffuse brain injury, and to investigate the pathological change after brain injury, which may provide evidence for the clinical treatment of diffused brain injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Marmarou method was used to establish the diffuse brain injury in rats.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After diffused brain injury, brain water content increased at 1 h, reached the peak at 1 d and remained at a high level at 7 d when compared with control group. One day after injury, diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage was observed in the brain. HE staining showed vascular swelling and bleeding at the cortex and corpus callosum at 1 d. β-APP expression was found at the brainstem, hippocampus, thalamus, corpus callosum and periventricular regions. Pathological examination of ultrathin sections showed evidence edema and fracture of axons at 3 d after brain injury. The brain injury caused severe cerebral ischemia. The c-Fos and c-Jun expression increased at 1 h. The c-Fos expression peaked at 3 h (P < 0.05), then reduced, reached a maximal level again at 3 d (P < 0.05), and reduced significantly at 7 d but remained at a higher level when compared with control group (P < 0.05). The number of c-Jun positive cells peaked at 6 h (P < 0.05), then reduced, reached a maximal level again at 3 d and reduced markedly but still remained at a higher level when compared with control group (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After diffuse brain injury, brain water content and c-Fos/c-Jun expression change over time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University Jinan 250012, China ; Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University Tai'an 271000, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University Tai'an 271000, China.
authors.forename: Lijian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University Tai'an 271000, China.
authors.forename: Chunpu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University Tai'an 271000, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University Tai'an 271000, China.
authors.forename: Fangmin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University Tai'an 271000, China.
authors.forename: Chunguang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University Jinan 250012, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun
keywords: Diffused brain injury; brain edema; c-Fos; c-Jun