title: Identification of a NFκB inhibitory peptide from tryptic β-casein hydrolysate.
abstract: Several bioactive peptides are encrypted within the sequence of major milk proteins, requiring enzymatic proteolysis for release and activation. The present study aimed at the identification of potential anti-inflammatory activities in tryptic hydrolysates of bovine β-casein. Inflammatory processes involve in most cases an activation of Nuclear factor Kappa-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB), which is a pro-inflammatory transcription factor of several genes. Hence, a NFκB reporter cell line was established, and TNF-α mediated activation of NFκB was used as a measurement. Bovine β-casein (β-CN) was hydrolysed by trypsin and fractionated by ultrafiltration. Total proteolysate as well as the fraction containing peptides between 1 and 5 kDa showed an inhibitory effect in the cell-based assay, while the fraction containing molecules smaller than 1 kDa did not. This anti-inflammatory effect was ascribed to a group of large, hydrophobic peptides, which were identified using LC-MS. The main peptide was synthesised and showed a significant anti-inflammatory effect in HEK(nfkb-RE)-cells. Thus, for the first time, a casein-derived peptide having an anti-inflammatory effect in vitro has been identified.
authors.affiliation: Department of Safety and Quality of Milk and Fish Products, Max Rubner-Institut Kiel, Hermann-Weigmann-Straße 1, 24103 Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Malinowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Safety and Quality of Milk and Fish Products, Max Rubner-Institut Kiel, Hermann-Weigmann-Straße 1, 24103 Kiel, Germany. Electronic address: martin.klempt@mri.bund.de.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Klempt
authors.affiliation: Department of Safety and Quality of Milk and Fish Products, Max Rubner-Institut Kiel, Hermann-Weigmann-Straße 1, 24103 Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Clawin-Rädecker
authors.affiliation: Department of Safety and Quality of Milk and Fish Products, Max Rubner-Institut Kiel, Hermann-Weigmann-Straße 1, 24103 Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: P Chr
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Lorenzen
authors.affiliation: Department of Safety and Quality of Milk and Fish Products, Max Rubner-Institut Kiel, Hermann-Weigmann-Straße 1, 24103 Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Meisel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002364:Caseins / Q000737:chemistry*; D002417:Cattle; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014357:Trypsin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002364:Caseins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010455:Peptides; C475729:casein hydrolysate; D014357:Trypsin
keywords: Anti-inflammatory peptides; Bioactive peptides; Bovine β-casein; Enzymatic hydrolysis