title: Intraspecific variation of centruroides edwardsii venom from two regions of Colombia.
abstract: We report the first description studies, partial characterization, and intraspecific difference of Centruroides edwardsii, Gervais 1843, venom. C. edwardsii from two Colombian regions (Antioquia and Tolima) were evaluated. Both venoms showed hemolytic activity, possibly dependent of enzymatic active phospholipases, and neither coagulant nor proteolytic activities were observed. Venom electrophoretic profile showed significant differences between C. edwardsii venom from both regions. A high concentration of proteins with molecular masses between 31 kDa and 97.4 kDa, and an important concentration close or below 14.4 kDa were detected. RP-HPLC retention times between 38.2 min and 42.1 min, showed bands close to 14.4 kDa, which may correspond to phospholipases. RP-HPLC venom profile showed a well conserved region in both venoms between 7 and 17 min, after this, significant differences were detected. From Tolima region venom, 50 well-defined peaks were detected, while in the Antioquia region venom, 55 well-defined peaks were detected. Larvicidal activity was only detected in the C. edwardsii venom from Antioquia. No antimicrobial activity was observed using complete venom or RP-HPLC collected fractions of both venoms. Lethally activity (carried out on female albino swiss mice) was detected at doses over 19.2 mg/kg of crude venom. Toxic effects included distress, excitability, eye irritation and secretions, hyperventilation, ataxia, paralysis, and salivation.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Quimica Farmaceutica, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Carrera 53 No. 61-30, Medellín 050010, Colombia. sebastian.estrada@siu.udea.edu.com.
authors.forename: Sebastián
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Estrada-Gómez
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Investigación de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Tolima, Barrio Santa Helena Parte Alta, Ibagué 731020, Colombia. ivancupitra@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Nelson Ivan
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Cupitra
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Investigación de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Tolima, Barrio Santa Helena Parte Alta, Ibagué 731020, Colombia. wmurillo@ut.edu.co.
authors.forename: Walter Murillo
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Arango
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Calle 50 A No. 41-20, Medellín 050010, Colombia. johana2104@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Leidy Johana Vargas
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Muñoz
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D060829:Arthropod Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects; D002364:Caseins / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003105:Colombia; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D005260:Female; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007306:Insecticides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D059748:Proteolysis; D012604:Scorpion Venoms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D012605:Scorpions; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D060829:Arthropod Proteins; D002364:Caseins; D007306:Insecticides; D012604:Scorpion Venoms; C026018:azocasein