title: Immunophenotypes and immune markers associated with acute promyelocytic leukemia prognosis.
abstract: CD2+, CD34+, and CD56+ immunophenotypes are associated with poor prognoses of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). The present study aimed to explore the role of APL immunophenotypes and immune markers as prognostic predictors on clinical outcomes. A total of 132 patients with de novo APL were retrospectively analyzed. Immunophenotypes were determined by flow cytometry. Clinical features, complete remission (CR), relapse, and five-year overall survival (OS) rate were assessed and subjected to multivariate analyses. The CD13+CD33+HLA-DR-CD34- immunophenotype was commonly observed in patients with APL. Positive rates for other APL immune markers including cMPO, CD117, CD64, and CD9 were 68.7%, 26%, 78.4%, and 96.6%, respectively. When compared with patients with CD2- APL, patients with CD2+ APL had a significantly higher incidence of early death (50% versus 15.7%; P = 0.016), lower CR rate (50% versus 91.1%; P = 0.042), and lower five-year OS rate (41.7% versus 74.2%; P = 0.018). White blood cell (WBC) count before treatment was found to be the only independent risk factor of early death, CR failure, and five-year mortality rate. Flow cytometric immunophenotype analysis can facilitate prompt APL diagnosis. Multivariate analysis has demonstrated that WBC count before treatment is the only known independent risk factor that predicts prognosis for APL in this study population.
authors.affiliation: Hematology Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China ; Hematology Department, Mianyang Center Hospital, Mianyang 621000, China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Hematology Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Chang-Xin
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Hematology Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Chun-Li
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Hematology Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Xue-Jie
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Hematology Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Hematology Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Xiang
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Hematology Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Zheng-Shan
authors.initials: ZS
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: Hematology Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Kai-Kai
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Hematology Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Fan-Yi
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Meng
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens