title: Delivery of phytochemicals of tropical fruit by-products using poly (DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial activity.
abstract: Nanoencapsulation offers great potential in natural compounds delivery as it protects them from degradation, improves their aqueous solubility, and delivers active compounds to the action site. Poly (dl-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles of acerola, guava, and passion fruit by-product extracts were synthesized using the emulsion-evaporation method. PLGA with different lactide to glycolide (50:50 and 65:35) ratios were used to determine how polymer composition affected nanoparticles properties and antimicrobial efficiency. Controlled release experiments showed an initial burst followed by a slower release rate for all encapsulated fruit by-products inside PLGA matrix. Nanoparticle properties were more dependent on by-product extract than on PLGA type. Fruit by-products and their nanoparticles were analyzed for antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes Scott A and Escherichia coli K12. All fruit by-products encapsulated in PLGA inhibited both bacteria at lower (P<0.05) concentration than corresponding unencapsulated fruit by-product. Both PLGA types improved fruit by-products delivery to pathogens and enhanced antimicrobial activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Ceara, Mister Hull Av., 2977, Campus Universitario do Pici, Bl. 858, Fortaleza, Ceara 60356-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Larissa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological & Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2117, USA.
authors.forename: Laura E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Ceara, Mister Hull Av., 2977, Campus Universitario do Pici, Bl. 858, Fortaleza, Ceara 60356-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Evania
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Figueiredo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological & Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2117, USA. Electronic address: carmen@tamu.edu.
authors.forename: Carmen L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Gomes
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000737:chemistry*; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D064209:Phytochemicals; D011108:Polymers; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid
keywords: Controlled release; Fruit by-products; Natural antimicrobial; PLGA nanoparticles; Phenolic compounds