title: Gastroprotective activity of polyphenolic-rich extract of Potentilla mooniana.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Potentilla mooniana Wight. (Rosaceae) is a plant found in the Himalayan region where the root is traditionally used to treat stomach problems including gastric-ulcer.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To scientifically validate the gastro-protective effect and derive the possible mechanistic activity of the ethanol root extract from P. mooniana (EPM).
  
  
  METHODS
  The gastroprotective effect of EPM (100-400 mg/kg, p.o.) was evaluated on both the physical (Pyloric ligation, PL; Cold restrain stress, CRS) and chemical (absolute ethanol, EtOH; aspirin, ASP) ulcerogens induced ulceration in rats. The mechanistic activity of EPM was tested on various gastric-ulcer parameters, namely gastric pH, volume, acid-pepsin output, DNA content, histamine level, H(+)K(+)-ATPase activity, mucus content, microvascular permeability, antioxidant markers, and gastric-histopathological study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  EPM significantly reduces the ulcer score against all the four tested gastric-ulcer models. In the PL model, EPM showed significant reduction (p < 0.05) in acid-pepsin output and cell shedding; however, no significant effect was observed on gastric volume, cell proliferation, stomach glandular weight, and histamine levels. EPM (400 mg/kg, p.o.) when compared with ulcer control showed significant increase in gastric pH by 41.6% and decrease in H(+)K(+)-ATPase activity by 47.73%. In addition, EPM showed significant increase in mucus content by 58.60% and a decrease in the microvascular permeability of Evans Blue by 85.00%, justifying its protective effects. Furthermore, EPM also showed significant antioxidant activity and histopathologically possessed excellent cytoprotective effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The gastro-protective effect of EPM is attributed mainly to the defensive mechanism owing to the presence of a good quantity of polyphenolic components.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) , Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh , India.
authors.forename: Damiki
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Laloo
authors.forename: Satyendra K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.forename: Krishnamurthy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sairam
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hemalatha
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D031987:Potentilla / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols
keywords: Antioxidant; ethanol; gastric-ulcer; histopathology; mucus; polysaccharides; pyloric ligation