title: Two-year clinical evaluation of chlorhexidine incorporation in two-step self-etch adhesive.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this 24-month double-blind randomized paired-tooth clinical study was to evaluate the 2-year clinical performance of two self-etch adhesives containing or not chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) in non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two patients, with at least four NCCLs, participated in this study. After sample size calculation, 126 restorations were assigned to one of the following groups: CSE--Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray); CSE/CHX--Clearfil SE Bond+CHX; ADS--AdheSE (Ivoclar Vivadent); and ADS/CHX--AdheSE+CHX. The composite resin Filtek Z-250 composite (3M ESPE) was placed incrementally by one expert operator. The restorations were evaluated at baseline and after 2 years using the modified USPHS criteria. Statistical analyses were performed with Friedman repeated measures ANOVA by rank and Fisher exact test for significance in each pair (α=0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant difference was observed between baseline and 2-year for any criteria when adhesives with and without the addition of CHX were compared (p>0.05). ADS and ADS/CHX resulted in lower retention rates (82% on average) than CSE and CSE/CHX (97%) (p=0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The inclusion of CHX into the primer of both self-etch systems did not add clinical advantages over the 2-year period. Clearfil SE Bond resulted in better retention rate than AdheSE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is more important to choose a gold standard self-etch adhesive, like a Clearfil SE Bond, than to consider the inclusion of CHX in the self-etch adhesives.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: M S R G
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabianni Magalhães
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Apolonio
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lívia Oliveira
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Barros
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alessandro Dourado
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Loguercio
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Electronic address: vpsaboia@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: V P A
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Saboia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019237:Tooth Cervix / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: C438313:Clearfil SE Bond; D003738:Dental Cements; D019279:Resin Cements; D002710:Chlorhexidine
keywords: Chlorhexidine; Clinical trials; Non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs); Self-etch adhesive system