title: Cytotoxic T-cell and NK-cell lymphomas: current questions and controversies.
abstract: The cytotoxic T-cell and natural killer (NK)-cell lymphomas and related disorders are important but relatively rare lymphoid neoplasms that frequently are a challenge for practicing pathologists. This selective review, based on a meeting of the International Lymphoma Study Group, briefly reviews T-cell and NK-cell development and addresses questions related to the importance of precise cell lineage (αβ-type T cell, γδ T cell, or NK cell), the implications of Epstein-Barr virus infection, the significance of anatomic location including nodal disease, and the question of further categorization of enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphomas. Finally, developments subsequent to the 2008 World Health Organization Classification, including the recognition of indolent NK-cell and T-cell disorders of the gastrointestinal tract are presented.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Pathology, Division of Hematopathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA †National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD #Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA ††Clarient Diagnostic Services Inc., A GE Healthcare Company, Aliso Viejo, CA ‡IUC-T-Oncopole, Toulouse, France ¶Department of Pathology, Inserm U955, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France §Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR China ∥Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland **St Orsola Policlinic, Bologna University School of Medicine, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Steven H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Swerdlow
authors.forename: Elaine S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Jaffe
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brousset
authors.forename: John K C
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: de Leval
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gaulard
authors.forename: Nancy Lee
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pileri
authors.forename: Lawrence M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Weiss
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D001706:Biopsy; D019070:Cell Lineage; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D058527:Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D016399:Lymphoma, T-Cell / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell