title: Risk factors associated with the development of hyperamylasemia and post-ERCP pancreatitis in the Cuban National Institute.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acute pancreatitis is the most common complication in ERCP, and some risk factors were associated with the development of hyperamylasemia and post-ERCP pancreatitis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  identifying new factors associated with the development of hyperamylasemia or post-ERCP pancreatitis in patients attended at our center.
  
  
  METHODS
  A (retrospective) cohort study was carried out in 170 patients on which a diagnostic-therapeutic ERCP was done due to biliopancreatic disease. 67 patients developed hyperamylasemia (39.4%) and 6 post-ERCP pancreatitis (3.5%). The following diagnostic criteria were applied: Hyperamylasemia: increase in the serum amylase level above the normal value (90 I/U). Acute post-ERCP pancreatitis: clinical: continuous abdominal pain for over 24 hours and biochemical: elevation of amylase3 times above normal value (90 U/I).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of cannulations more than 4 (19 patients), (p=0.006; RR= 3.00) was associated significantly with the development of hyperamylasemia and the placing of biliary stent (14 patients), (p=0.00; RR= 0.39) was a protective factor. The factors associated with the development of post-ERCP pancreatitis were related with the patient (peridiverticular location of the papilla (p=0.00; RR= 2.00) and the sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (p=0.000; RR=1.20).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Technical factors were associated with the development of hyperamylasemia, however, the factors associated with the development of post-ERCP pancreatitis in our universe of study were related mainly with the patient.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Gastroenterology. La Habana, Cuba.
authors.forename: Héctor Ruben
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Hernández Garcés
authors.affiliation: Institute of Gastroenterology. La Habana, Cuba.
authors.forename: Alonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Almeida Linnet
authors.affiliation: Institute of Gastroenterology. La Habana, Cuba.
authors.forename: María  del Rosario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abreu Vázquez
authors.affiliation: Institute of Gastroenterology. La Habana, Cuba.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Calzadilla Bertot
authors.affiliation: Institute of Gastroenterology. La Habana, Cuba.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Peña
authors.affiliation: Institute of Gastroenterology. La Habana, Cuba.
authors.forename: Yudit
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Andrain Sierra
authors.affiliation: Institute of Gastroenterology. La Habana, Cuba.
authors.forename: Issoufo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Moutary
authors.affiliation: Institute of Gastroenterology. La Habana, Cuba.
authors.forename: Nilmer
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Segura Fernández
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003462:Cuba; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D034321:Hyperamylasemia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult