title: PDT experience in Brazil: A regional profile.
abstract: The success of PDT and its establishment into the existent hall of therapeutic modalities depends on the collection of reported experiences from around the world. In that sense, it is important to report approaches taken by different countries and what their views are on the future of PDT. Following this idea, we present our clinical experience in photodynamic therapy (PDT) in Brazil, as well as the experimental advances coming up in parallel with clinical implementation. This report is a consequence of pioneering work in a collaborative program involving the Physics Institute in São Carlos, São Paulo State (SP), Brazil, the Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil and the Cancer Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jaú, SP, Brazil. This collaborative program, begun in 1997, with the first patient treated in 1999, has treated over 400 patients by late 2004. About 80% of lesions were located in the head and neck or skin, but experience is being built in esophagus, bladder, gynecology, and cutaneous recurrence of breast cancer, among others. The overall results have shown to be compatible with previously reported data. Modifications, whose goal is to improve patient benefit and optimize results, are being implemented as we gain experience. In parallel with the clinical development, several laboratories have started studying experimental whose purpose is to analyze the clinical results and to contribute to the worldwide effort to bring PDT to the forefront of therapies offered to patients. We present the overall results of our 5 years experience as well as the whole implementation process.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Física de São Carlos - Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil and Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jaú, SP, Brazil; Radiation Oncology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, 600 Moye Blvd LJCC 172, Greenville, NC 27858, USA.
authors.forename: V S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Bagnato
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Física de São Carlos - Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil and Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jaú, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kurachi
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Física de São Carlos - Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil and Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jaú, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Física de São Carlos - Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil and Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jaú, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Marcassa
authors.affiliation: Radiation Oncology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, 600 Moye Blvd LJCC 172, Greenville, NC 27858, USA.
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Sibata
authors.affiliation: Radiation Oncology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, 600 Moye Blvd LJCC 172, Greenville, NC 27858, USA.
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Allison