title: In vitro trypanocidal activity of macela (Achyrocline satureioides) extracts against Trypanosoma evansi.
abstract: The aim of this study was to verify the trypanocidal effectiveness of aqueous, methanolic, and ethanolic extracts of Achyrocline satureioides against Trypanosoma evansi in vitro. A. satureioides extracts, known as macela, were used on trypomastigotes at different concentrations (1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500, and 1,000 µg/ml) and exposure times (0, 1, 3, 6, and 9 hr). A dose-dependent effect was observed when the 3 extracts were tested. The concentrations of 1, 5, and 10 µg/ml were not able to kill trypomastigotes until 3 hr after exposure, and the highest concentrations (500 and 1,000 µg/ml) were able to kill all trypomastigotes after 1 hr. When the time of exposure was increased up to 9 hr, the concentrations at 50 and 100 µg/ml were 100% effective to 3 extracts. The chemical analysis of the extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids, a trypanocidal compound already described. Based on the results, we can conclude that the A. satureioides extracts exhibit trypanocidal effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. ; Cell Culture Laboratory, Centro Universitário Franciscano (UNIFRA), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Matheus D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Baldissera
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Camila B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carine E P
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Zimmermann
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Boligon
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Margareth Linde
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Athayde
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology, Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário Franciscano, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leandro P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Bolzan
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology, Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário Franciscano, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo de A
authors.initials: Rde A
authors.lastname: Vaucher
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Janio M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Santurio
authors.affiliation: Cell Culture Laboratory, Centro Universitário Franciscano (UNIFRA), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Michele R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Sagrillo
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aleksandro Schafer
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvia G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Monteiro
mesh_terms: D036921:Achyrocline / Q000737:chemistry*; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014345:Trypanosoma / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D005419:Flavonoids; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Achyrocline satureioides; Trypanosoma evansi; flavonoid; in vitro effect