title: Comparative acute toxicity of gallium(III), antimony(III), indium(III), cadmium(II), and copper(II) on freshwater swamp shrimp (Macrobrachium nipponense).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acute toxicity testing were carried out the freshwater swamp shrimp, Macrobrachium nipponense, as the model animal for the semiconductor applied metals (gallium, antimony, indium, cadmium, and copper) to evaluate if the species is an suitable experimental animal of pollution in aquatic ecosystem.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The static renewal test method of acute lethal concentrations determination was used, and water temperature was maintained at 24.0 ± 0.5°C. Data of individual metal obtained from acute toxicity tests were determined using probit analysis method. The median lethal concentration (96-h LC50) of gallium, antimony, indium, cadmium, and copper for M. nipponense were estimated as 2.7742, 1.9626, 6.8938, 0.0539, and 0.0313 mg/L, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Comparing the toxicity tolerance of M. nipponense with other species which exposed to these metals, it is obviously that the M. nipponense is more sensitive than that of various other aquatic animals.
authors.forename: Jen-Lee
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000965:Antimony / Q000633:toxicity*; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D003300:Copper / Q000633:toxicity*; D017753:Ecosystem; D005618:Fresh Water; D005708:Gallium / Q000633:toxicity*; D007204:Indium / Q000633:toxicity*; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D033541:Palaemonidae / Q000187:drug effects*; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute; D014876:Water Pollution; D060753:Water Quality
chemical_list: D002104:Cadmium; D007204:Indium; D003300:Copper; D000965:Antimony; D005708:Gallium