title: Long non-coding RNA deregulation in tongue squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The deregulated tumorigenic long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has been reported in several malignancies. However, there is still no comprehensive study on tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Functional reannotation for the human lncRNA was carried out by ncFANs. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to validate the identified lncRNAs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using the functional annotation algorithm from ncFANs, 8 differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified. Lnc-PPP2R4-5, lnc-SPRR2D-1, lnc-MAN1A2-1, lnc-FAM46A-1, lnc-MBL2-4:1, and lnc-MBL2-4:3 were upregulated in the microdissected tongue SCC tissues. In comparison, lnc-AL355149.1-1 and lnc-STXBP5-1 showed significant downregulation. High level of lnc-MBL2-4:3 was significantly associated with the node positive tongue SCC patients. Further, patients with advanced T-stage demonstrated a further reduction of lnc-AL355149.1-1 in the tumor tissues. Treatment of tongue SCC cells with 5-fluorouracil and paclitaxel can reserve the expression patterns observed in the tongue SCC tissues. Further, changes of lnc-MBL2-4:3 and lnc-AL355149.1-1 expression levels were noticed in the cisplatin-resistant tongue SCC cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrated that functional reannotation allows us to identify novel lncRNAs using the existing gene expression array dataset. The association of lncRNA with the T-stage and nodal status of tongue SCC patients suggested that lncRNA deregulation was involved in the pathogenesis of tongue SCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Jimmy Yu-Wai
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Thian-Sze
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020871:RNA Stability / Q000235:genetics*; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D014062:Tongue Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; D002945:Cisplatin; D005472:Fluorouracil