title: Uptake and elimination kinetics of metals in soil invertebrates: a review.
abstract: Uptake and elimination kinetics of metals in soil invertebrates are a function of both soil and organism properties. This study critically reviewed metal toxicokinetics in soil invertebrates and its potential use for assessing bioavailability. Uptake and elimination rate constants of different metals are summarized. Invertebrates have different strategies for essential and non-essential metals. As a consequence, different types of models must be applied to describe metal uptake and elimination kinetics. We discuss model parameters for each metal separately and show how they are influenced by exposure concentrations and by physiological properties of the organisms. Soil pH, cation exchange capacity, clay and organic matter content significantly affect uptake rates of non-essential metals in soil invertebrates. For essential metals, kinetics is hardly influenced by soil properties, but rather prone to physiological regulation mechanisms of the organisms. Our analysis illustrates that toxicokinetics can be a valuable measurement to assess bioavailability of soil-bound metals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije University, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: mortazavi_m2000@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Masoud M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ardestani
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije University, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Nico M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: van Straalen
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije University, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Cornelis A M
authors.initials: CAM
authors.lastname: van Gestel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D007448:Invertebrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D008670:Metals / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008670:Metals; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants
keywords: Bioaccumulation; Bioavailability; Biotic ligand model; Essential and non-essential metals; Soil properties; Toxicokinetics