title: Wireless capsule endoscopy of the small intestine: a review with future directions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Here, we review the clinical applications of small bowel capsule endoscopy. Moreover, we provide an outlook on the exceptional future developments of small bowel capsule endoscopy. We discuss clinical algorithms for diagnosis of small bowel diseases. Multiple studies have shown the potential of capsule endoscopy for identification of the bleeding source located in the small bowel and the increased diagnostic yield over radiographic studies. Capsule endoscopy could detect villous atrophy and severe complications in patients with nonresponsive celiac disease. In addition, small bowel capsule endoscopy was proven as a valid tool to diagnose polyps and tumors and Crohn's disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Major current clinical indications of capsule endoscopy in the small bowel include evaluation of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding, diagnosis and surveillance of small bowel polyps and tumors, celiac disease and Crohn's disease. Recent developments have also passed the way for small bowel capsule endoscopy to become a therapeutic instrument.
authors.affiliation: aDepartment of Medicine I, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen bLudwig Demling Endoscopic Center of Excellence, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany cDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Basil Hirschowitz Endoscopic Center of Excellence, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
authors.forename: Helmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Neumann
authors.forename: Lucía C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Fry
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nägel
authors.forename: Markus F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Neurath
mesh_terms: D053704:Capsule Endoscopy / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000473:pathology*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic