title: Relationship between glycemic control, microalbuminuria and cognitive functions in elderly type 2 diabetic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The prevalence of diabetes is increasing in elderly populations, and is thought to be an important risk factor for cognitive dysfunction in this age group.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 104 patients aged over 60 years who were followed-up for type 2 diabetes for at least 6 months, in addition to 44 controls. Glycemic parameters, microangiopathic complications, microalbumin elimination, and the Standardized Mini Mental State Examination (SMMSE) scores were used as indicators of cognitive function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The SMMSE scores of diabetic patients were significantly lower than the control group (p < 0.05). The average SMMSE score for normoalbuminuric diabetic patients was 22.36 ± 4.66, compared with 22.61 ± 4.90 for the microalbuminuria patients (p = 0.84). A positive correlation was found between SMMSE scores and patients' hemoglobin values and education levels, whereas a negative correlation was noted between SMMSE scores and systolic and diastolic blood pressures and hemoglobin A1c levels (p < 0.05). Patients with diabetic neuropathy, a microvascular complication of diabetes, were found to have significantly lower SMMSE scores (p = 0.011).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elderly diabetic patients showed decreased cognitive function compared to volunteers. No relationship was established between microalbuminuria and cognitive functions, although diabetic neuropathy was found to be related to decreased cognitive function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology .
authors.forename: Cuma Bulent
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Gul
authors.forename: Ozen
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Oz Gul
authors.forename: Soner
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cander
authors.forename: Ayca
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eroglu
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hartavi
authors.forename: Nermin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Keni
authors.forename: Aysenur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bayindir
authors.forename: Canan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ersoy
authors.forename: Erdinç
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ertürk
authors.forename: Ercan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tuncel
authors.forename: Şazi
authors.initials: Ş
authors.lastname: İmamoğlu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose
keywords: Albuminuria; Standardized Mini Mental State Examination; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; cognitive functions; dementia; diabetic microvascular complications