title: Local anesthetic systemic toxicity.
abstract: Local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) is a rare yet devastating complication from the administration of local anesthesia. The ability to recognize and treat LAST is critical for clinicians who administer these drugs. The authors reviewed the literature on the mechanism, treatment, and prevention of LAST, with the goal of proposing a practical method for its management.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois ddickerson@dacc.uchicago.edu.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Dickerson
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Jeffrey L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Apfelbaum
mesh_terms: D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D061214:Patient Safety; D011041:Poisoning / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local
keywords: acute pain; ambulatory surgery; bupivacaine toxicity; lipid emulsion; local anesthetic toxicity