title: Antiplasmodial potential of homeopathic drugs Chelidonium and nosode against Plasmodium berghei infection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Malaria remains a major global health concern in developing regions of the world. Homeopathy, a holistic system of medicine, has a lot to offer in protecting against malaria.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the present study, antimalarial efficacy of combination of two homeopathic drugs Chelidonium 30 and nosode 30 has been evaluated in vivo against Plasmodium berghei (P. berghei) infection using Peters 4-day test. Biochemical assays have been performed to assess the levels of hepatic and renal function biomarkers upon drug treatment using diagnostic kits.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The combination of the drugs demonstrated considerable in vivo antimalarial activity with chemosuppression of 91.45% on day 7. The combination also significantly (p < 0.0005) enhanced the mean survival time of mice which was calculated to be 22.5 ± 6.31 days, whereas it was 8.55 ± 0.83 days in infected control. The increase in levels of the liver function marker enzymes tested in serum of treated mice were significantly less (p < 0.0005) than those observed in infected control on day 10. The serum urea and creatinine used for assessment of renal sufficiency were slightly elevated above normal, but were statistically significant (p < 0.0005) as compared to infected control.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study establishes the effectiveness of the combination against P. berghei in vivo along with the safety of the drugs to the liver and kidney functions of the host.
authors.forename: Upma
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bagai
authors.forename: Neha S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Walter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D028281:Chelidonium; D005260:Female; D006705:Homeopathy; D008288:Malaria / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology; D008297:Male; D008419:Materia Medica / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010962:Plasmodium berghei / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D008419:Materia Medica; D010936:Plant Extracts