title: Dietary medium chain fatty acid supplementation leads to reduced VLDL lipolysis and uptake rates in comparison to linoleic acid supplementation.
abstract: Dietary medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) and linoleic acid follow different metabolic routes, and linoleic acid activates PPAR receptors. Both these mechanisms may modify lipoprotein and fatty acid metabolism after dietary intervention. Our objective was to investigate how dietary MCFA and linoleic acid supplementation and body fat distribution affect the fasting lipoprotein subclass profile, lipoprotein kinetics, and postprandial fatty acid kinetics. In a randomized double blind cross-over trial, 12 male subjects (age 51±7 years; BMI 28.5±0.8 kg/m2), were divided into 2 groups according to waist-hip ratio. They were supplemented with 60 grams/day MCFA (mainly C8:0, C10:0) or linoleic acid for three weeks, with a wash-out period of six weeks in between. Lipoprotein subclasses were measured using HPLC. Lipoprotein and fatty acid metabolism were studied using a combination of several stable isotope tracers. Lipoprotein and tracer data were analyzed using computational modeling. Lipoprotein subclass concentrations in the VLDL and LDL range were significantly higher after MCFA than after linoleic acid intervention. In addition, LDL subclass concentrations were higher in lower body obese individuals. Differences in VLDL metabolism were found to occur in lipoprotein lipolysis and uptake, not production; MCFAs were elongated intensively, in contrast to linoleic acid. Dietary MCFA supplementation led to a less favorable lipoprotein profile than linoleic acid supplementation. These differences were not due to elevated VLDL production, but rather to lower lipolysis and uptake rates.
authors.affiliation: TNO, Zeist, the Netherlands; Analytical Sciences division, The Leiden Amsterdam Centre for Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands; The Netherlands Bioinformatics Centre (NBIC), Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Daniël B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: van Schalkwijk
authors.affiliation: TNO, Zeist, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wilrike J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Pasman
authors.affiliation: TNO, Zeist, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Henk F J
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Hendriks
authors.affiliation: TNO, Zeist, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Elwin R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Verheij
authors.affiliation: TNO, Zeist, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Carina M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Rubingh
authors.affiliation: TNO, Zeist, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Kees
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: van Bochove
authors.affiliation: TNO, Zeist, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wouter H J
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Vaes
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adiels
authors.affiliation: TNO, Zeist, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Andreas P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Freidig
authors.affiliation: TNO, Zeist, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Albert A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: de Graaf
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005215:Fasting; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D008066:Lipolysis; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000378:metabolism; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL; D019787:Linoleic Acid