title: INCLEN Diagnostic Tool for Epilepsy (INDT-EPI) for primary care physicians: development and validation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a new diagnostic instrument for epilepsy - INCLEN Diagnostic Tool for Epilepsy (INDT-EPI) - with evaluation by expert pediatric neurologists.
  
  
  METHODS
  Evaluation of diagnostic test.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary care pediatric referral centers in India.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children aged 2-9 years, enrolled by systematic random sampling at pediatric neurology out-patient clinics of three tertiary care centers were independently evaluated in a blinded manner by primary care physicians trained to administer the test, and by teams of two pediatric neurologists.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 13-item questionnaire administered by trained primary care physicians (candidate test) and comprehensive subject evaluation by pediatric neurologists (gold standard).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 240 children with epilepsy and 274 without epilepsy. The candidate test for epilepsy had sensitivity and specificity of 85.8% and 95.3%; positive and negative predictive values of 94.0% and 88.5%; and positive and negative likelihood ratios of 18.25 and 0.15, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The INDT-EPI has high validity to identify children with epilepsy when used by primary care physicians.
authors.affiliation: Inclen Trust International, New Delhi, India. Correspondence to: Dr Narendra K Arora, Executive Director, The Inclen Trust, International, F1-5, Okhla Industrial Area, Phase-1, New Delhi, India. nkarora@inclentrust.org.
authors.forename: Ramesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Konanki
authors.forename: Devendra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.forename: Sheffali
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gulati
authors.forename: Satinder
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aneja
authors.forename: Vaishali
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Deshmukh
authors.forename: Donald
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Silberberg
authors.forename: Jennifer M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: Maureen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Durkin
authors.forename: Ravindra M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.forename: M K C
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.forename: Narendra K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Arora
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D058007:Physicians, Primary Care / Q000193:education*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires