title: Measurement of salivary adiponectin concentrations in dogs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Measurement of salivary adiponectin could improve understanding of this adipokine's physiology, and its role in various clinical conditions.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study was to evaluate the utility of a human adiponectin ELISA kit for measurement of salivary adiponectin in dogs, to compare serum and salivary adiponectin concentrations in a healthy dog population, and to evaluate possible effects of tooth-cleaning on serum and salivary adiponectin concentrations in dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  For analytical validation, precision, accuracy, and lower limit of quantification of the assay were determined with saliva samples. In addition, adiponectin concentrations were quantified in serum and saliva samples from 24 healthy dogs, and from 7 dogs with mild gingivitis before and after a tooth-cleaning procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The validation assays for salivary adiponectin had all coefficients of variation <15%, and recovery ranged from 85% to 120%. In the linearity test, interference was observed when measuring adiponectin in saliva, but this was solved by diluting samples 1:4. In healthy dogs, salivary and serum adiponectin concentrations were positively correlated (r = .650; P = .009). After the tooth-cleaning procedure, salivary adiponectin concentration increased on day 0 (P = .004), but by day 14, concentrations were less than prior to the procedure (P = .041).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The human adiponectin ELISA kit can be used for precise and accurate salivary adiponectin measurement in dogs. Salivary adiponectin increased 24 hours after tooth-cleaning, possibly due to acute inflammation or adiponectin leakage from the blood after gingival trauma.
authors.affiliation: Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Asta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tvarijonaviciute
authors.forename: Juana D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Carrillo-Sanchez
authors.forename: Juan D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: García-Martinez
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tecles
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martinez-Subiela
authors.forename: Alexander J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: German
authors.forename: Jose J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Ceron
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004285:Dogs / Q000502:physiology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008297:Male; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin
keywords: ELISA; Western blot; gingivitis; tooth cleaning; validation