title: A novel albumin-based tissue scaffold for autogenic tissue engineering applications.
abstract: Tissue scaffolds provide a framework for living tissue regeneration. However, traditional tissue scaffolds are exogenous, composed of metals, ceramics, polymers, and animal tissues, and have a defined biocompatibility and application. This study presents a new method for obtaining a tissue scaffold from blood albumin, the major protein in mammalian blood. Human, bovine, and porcine albumin was polymerised into albumin polymers by microbial transglutaminase and was then cast by freeze-drying-based moulding to form albumin tissue scaffolds. Scanning electron microscopy and material testing analyses revealed that the albumin tissue scaffold possesses an extremely porous structure, moderate mechanical strength, and resilience. Using a culture of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a model, we showed that MSCs can be seeded and grown in the albumin tissue scaffold. Furthermore, the albumin tissue scaffold can support the long-term osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. These results show that the albumin tissue scaffold exhibits favourable material properties and good compatibility with cells. We propose that this novel tissue scaffold can satisfy essential needs in tissue engineering as a general-purpose substrate. The use of this scaffold could lead to the development of new methods of artificial fabrication of autogenic tissue substitutes.
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan [2] Tissue Regeneration Product Technology Division, Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu County 310, Taiwan [3].
authors.forename: Pei-Shan
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 1] c/o Rm. 624, Bldg. 53, No. 195, Sec. 4, Chung Hsing Rd., Chutung Township, Hsinchu County 310, Taiwan [2].
authors.forename: I-Liang
authors.initials: IL
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Tissue Regeneration Product Technology Division, Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu County 310, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wei-Lin
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051 and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu 30059, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jui-Sheng
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wann-Neng
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Jane
authors.affiliation: Tissue Regeneration Product Technology Division, Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu County 310, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsin-Hsin
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D064592:Autografts; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005612:Freeze Drying; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology; D058105:Polymerization; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000737:chemistry*; D013302:Streptomyces / Q000201:enzymology; D034421:Sus scrofa; D013718:Tensile Strength; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*; D011503:Transglutaminases / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D012709:Serum Albumin; D011503:Transglutaminases