title: Randomised in situ trial on the effect of milk and CPP-ACP on dental erosion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This randomised in situ study aimed to analyse the effect of milk (with or without 5ppm F) and CPP-ACP pastes (with or without 900ppm F) on dental erosion.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was a seven phase (5 days each) crossover design involving 15 participants wearing intraoral appliances with enamel and dentine specimens. Specimens were extraorally eroded (erosive soft drink, 6×90s/day) and brushed (2×30s/day, 2N) using a non-fluoridated toothpaste (negative control). The test products were milk, milk+5ppm F (twice daily, each 100ml/2min), CPP-ACP paste, CPP-ACP paste+900ppm F (3min/day) or a SnCl2/AmF/NaF mouthrinse (positive control, 30s/day), which were applied immediately after erosion with the appliances in the oral cavity. In an additional group, a fluoridated toothpaste was used without any additional test product. Tissue loss was determined profilometrically after 5 days and statistically analysed by linear mixed models methodologies (p<0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the negative control (non-fluoridated toothpaste only, enamel: 2.2±1.3μm; dentine: 3.8±2.2μm), enamel and dentine loss was significantly reduced by the use of fluoridated toothpaste (enamel: 1.1±1.0μm; dentine: 2.4±1.7μm) and the SnCl2/AmF/NaF mouthrinse (1.5±1.5μm; dentine: 1.8±1.9μm).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Milk and CPP-ACP were not effective in reducing enamel and dentine loss significantly, independently of the presence of fluoride.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Enamel and dentine erosion were significantly reduced by the use of a fluoridated toothpaste or a SnCl2/AmF/NaF mouthrinse, but not by milk or CPP-ACP under the conditions of the present study.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  NCT01566357.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University of Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany. Electronic address: annette.wiegand@med.uni-goettingen.de.
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wiegand
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Attin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000588:Amines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002364:Caseins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002417:Cattle; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005459:Fluorides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008892:Milk; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017971:Tin Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014072:Tooth Abrasion / Q000517:prevention & control; D014077:Tooth Erosion / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000588:Amines; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D002364:Caseins; D009067:Mouthwashes; D017971:Tin Compounds; D014100:Toothpastes; C447032:casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate nanocomplex; C023599:stannous chloride; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D005459:Fluorides
keywords: Calcium; Demineralization; Dentine; Enamel; Fluoride; Phosphate