title: Saccharomyces eubayanus and Saccharomyces uvarum associated with the fermentation of Araucaria araucana seeds in Patagonia.
abstract: Mudai is a traditional fermented beverage, made from the seeds of the Araucaria araucana tree by Mapuche communities. The main goal of the present study was to identify and characterize the yeast microbiota responsible of Mudai fermentation as well as from A. araucana seeds and bark from different locations in Northern Patagonia. Only Hanseniaspora uvarum and a commercial bakery strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were isolated from Mudai and all Saccharomyces isolates recovered from A. araucana seed and bark samples belonged to the cryotolerant species Saccharomyces eubayanus and Saccharomyces uvarum. These two species were already reported in Nothofagus trees from Patagonia; however, this is the first time that they were isolated from A. araucana, which extends their ecological distribution. The presence of these species in A. araucana seeds and bark samples, led us to postulate a potential role for them as the original yeasts responsible for the elaboration of Mudai before the introduction of commercial S. cerevisiae cultures. The molecular and genetic characterization of the S. uvarum and S. eubayanus isolates and their comparison with European S. uvarum strains and S. eubayanus hybrids (S. bayanus and S. pastorianus), allowed their ecology and evolution us to be examined.
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Biodiversidad y Biotecnología de Levaduras, Fac. Ingeniería, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de procesos, Biotecnología y Energías Alternativas (PROBIEN, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de la República Argentina - Universidad Nacional del Comahue), Facultad de Ingeniería, UNCo, Buenos Aires, Neuquén, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Comahue, Neuquén, Argentina.
authors.forename: M Eugenia
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pérez-Través
authors.forename: Marcela P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Sangorrín
authors.forename: Eladio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Barrio
authors.forename: Christian A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Lopes
mesh_terms: D001118:Argentina; D002677:Chile; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D005285:Fermentation; D005843:Geography; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012440:Saccharomyces / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012639:Seeds
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial
keywords: Saccharomyces bayanus; cryotolerant yeast; hybrids; yeast diversity