title: Denture-related stomatitis is associated with endothelial dysfunction.
abstract: Oral inflammation, such as periodontitis, can lead to endothelial dysfunction, accelerated atherosclerosis, and vascular dysfunction. The relationship between vascular dysfunction and other common forms of oral infections such as denture-related stomatitis (DRS) is unknown. Similar risk factors predispose to both conditions including smoking, diabetes, age, and obesity. Accordingly, we aimed to investigate endothelial function and major vascular disease risk factors in 44 consecutive patients with dentures with clinical and microbiological features of DRS (n = 20) and without DRS (n = 24). While there was a tendency for higher occurrence of diabetes and smoking, groups did not differ significantly in respect to major vascular disease risk factors. Groups did not differ in main ambulatory blood pressure, total cholesterol, or even CRP. Importantly, flow mediated dilatation (FMD) was significantly lower in DRS than in non-DRS subjects, while nitroglycerin induced vasorelaxation (NMD) or intima-media thickness (IMT) was similar. Interestingly, while triglyceride levels were normal in both groups, they were higher in DRS subjects, although they did not correlate with either FMD or NMD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Denture related stomatitis is associated with endothelial dysfunction in elderly patients with dentures. This is in part related to the fact that diabetes and smoking increase risk of both DRS and cardiovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prophylaxis and Experimental Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9759-011X
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Maciąg
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Grzegorz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Osmenda
authors.affiliation: Department of Prophylaxis and Experimental Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nowakowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Grzegorz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wilk
authors.affiliation: Zbigniew Żak Voivodeship Dental Clinic, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maciąg
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mikołajczyk
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Ryszard
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4661-8773
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nosalski
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland ; Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sagan
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Filip
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Mirosław
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dróżdż
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Prosthetics, Institute of Dentistry at Jagiellonian University Medical Collage, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Jolanta
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8759-0810
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Loster
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland ; Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: Tomasz J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Guzik
authors.affiliation: Department of Prophylaxis and Experimental Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland ; Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7444-1373
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cześnikiewicz-Guzik
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003778:Dentures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D013280:Stomatitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D002784:Cholesterol