title: Differences in parent-provider concordance regarding prognosis and goals of care among children with advanced cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Concordance between parents of children with advanced cancer and health care providers has not been described. We aimed to describe parent-provider concordance regarding prognosis and goals of care, including differences by cancer type.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 104 pediatric patients with recurrent or refractory cancer were enrolled at three large children’s hospitals. On enrollment, their parents and providers were invited to complete a survey assessing perceived prognosis and goals of care. Patients’ survival status was retrospectively abstracted from medical records. Concordance was assessed via discrepancies in perceived prognosis, statistics, and McNemar’s test. Distribution of categorical variables and survival rates across cancer type were compared with Fisher’s exact and log-rank tests, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data were available from 77 dyads (74% of enrolled). Parent-provider agreement regarding prognosis and goals of care was poor (kappa, 0.12 to 0.30). Parents were more likely to report cure was likely (P < .001). The frequency of perceived likelihood of cure and the goal of cure varied by cancer type for both parents and providers (P < .001 to .004). Relatively optimistic responses were more common among parents and providers of patients with hematologic malignancies, although there were no differences in survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Parent-provider concordance regarding prognosis and goals in advanced pediatric cancer is generally poor. Perceptions of prognosis and goals of care vary by cancer type. Understanding these differences may inform parent-provider communication and decision making.
authors.forename: Abby R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Rosenberg
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Orellana
authors.forename: Tammy I
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: J Russell
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Geyer
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Feudtner
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dussel
authors.forename: Joanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wolfe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D032882:Comprehension; D003657:Decision Making; D005260:Female; D006040:Goals; D006282:Health Personnel; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms; D010166:Palliative Care; D010290:Parents; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011787:Quality of Health Care