title: Feasibility study of unattended polysomnography in medical intensive care unit patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the feasibility of using unattended, portable polysomnography (PSG) to measure sleep among patients in the medical intensive care unit (MICU).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Accurate measurement of sleep is critical to studies of MICU sleep deprivation. Although PSG is the gold standard, there is limited data regarding the feasibility of utilizing unattended, portable PSG modalities in the MICU.
  
  
  METHODS
  MICU based observational pilot study. We conducted unattended, 24-h PSG studies in 29 patients. Indicators of feasibility included attainment of electroencephalography data sufficient to determine sleep stage, sleep efficiency, and arousal indices.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Electroencephalography data were not affected by electrical interference and were of interpretable quality in 27/29 (93%) of patients. Overnight sleep efficiency was 48% reflecting a mean overnight sleep duration of 3.7 h.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Unattended, portable PSG produces high quality sleep data in the MICU and can facilitate investigation of sleep deprivation among critically ill patients. Patient sleep was short and highly fragmented.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, P.O. Box 208057, New Haven, CT 06520-8057, USA. Electronic address: melissa.knauert@yale.edu.
authors.forename: Melissa P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Knauert
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, P.O. Box 208057, New Haven, CT 06520-8057, USA.
authors.forename: H Klar
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Yaggi
authors.affiliation: Yale School of Nursing, Rm 20508, Yale University West Campus, P.O. Box 27399, West Haven, CT 06536, USA.
authors.forename: Nancy S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Redeker
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, P.O. Box 208056, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
authors.forename: Terrence E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, P.O. Box 208056, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
authors.forename: Katy L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Araujo
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, P.O. Box 208057, New Haven, CT 06520-8057, USA.
authors.forename: Margaret A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pisani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D017286:Polysomnography / Q000379:methods*; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Critical care; Feasibility study; Polysomnography; Sleep deprivation; Sleep fragmentation