title: Physical activity and capacity at initiation of antiretroviral treatment in HIV patients in Ethiopia.
abstract: SUMMARY We described levels of habitual physical activity and physical capacity in HIV patients initiating antiretroviral treatment in Ethiopia and assessed the role of HIV and nutritional indicators on these outcomes. Physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) and activity levels were measured with combined heart rate and movement sensors. Physical capacity was assessed by grip strength, sleeping heart rate and heart rate economy. Grip strength data was also available from a sex- and age-matched HIV-negative reference group. Median PAEE was 27.9 (interquartile range 17.4-39.8) kJ/kg per day and mean ± s.d. grip strength was 23.6 ± 6.7 kg. Advanced HIV disease predicted reduced levels of both physical activity and capacity; e.g. each unit viral load [log(1+copies/ml)] was associated with -15% PAEE (P < 0.001) and -1.0 kg grip strength (P < 0.001). Grip strength was 4.2 kg lower in patients compared to HIV-negative individuals (P < 0.001). Low body mass index (BMI) predicted poor physical activity and capacity independently of HIV status, e.g. BMI <16 was associated with -42% PAEE (P < 0.001) and -6.8 kg grip strength (P < 0.001) compared to BMI ≥18.5. The study shows that advanced HIV and malnutrition are associated with considerably lower levels of physical activity and capacity in patients at initiation of antiretroviral treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports,University of Copenhagen,Denmark.
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Olsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports,University of Copenhagen,Denmark.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kæstel
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, College of Public Health & Medical Sciences,Jimma University,Ethiopia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tesfaye
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Sciences and Pathology,Jimma University,Ethiopia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abdissa
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine,Jimma University Specialized Hospital,Ethiopia.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yilma
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric and Child Health,Jimma University Specialized Hospital,Ethiopia.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Girma
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports,University of Copenhagen,Denmark.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mølgaard
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports,University of Copenhagen,Denmark.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Faurholt-Jepsen
authors.affiliation: Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology,University of Copenhagen,Denmark.
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.affiliation: MRC Epidemiology Unit,University of Cambridge,UK.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brage
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases,Odense University Hospital,Denmark.
authors.forename: Å B
authors.initials: ÅB
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports,University of Copenhagen,Denmark.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Friis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005002:Ethiopia; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D018737:Hand Strength; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D010809:Physical Fitness; D012307:Risk Factors; D013851:Thinness / Q000453:epidemiology; D019562:Viral Load; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: public health