title: Conditioning regimens in acute myeloid leukemia.
abstract: Current intensive consolidation chemotherapy for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) produces median remission duration of 12-18 months, with less than 30% of patients surviving 5 years free of disease. Post-remission therapy is necessary to prevent relapse in most patients with AML; therefore, the aim of post-remission treatment is to eradicate the minimal residual disease. Nevertheless, the optimal form of treatment is still under debate. The choice among the possible approaches (intensive chemotherapy, autologous or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation) relies on two main factors: the expected risk of relapse, as determined by biological features, and expected morbidity and mortality associated with a specific option. In this review, we focus on the different preparative regimens before autologous and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with AML, stressing the importance of an adequate conditioning regimen as a mandatory element of a successful AML therapy, in both the allogeneic and the autologous transplant setting.
authors.affiliation: Hematology and Transplant Center, AORMN, Pesaro, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Visani
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malagola
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guiducci
authors.forename: Moira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lucesole
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Loscocco
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gabucci
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Paolini
authors.forename: Pier Paolo
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Piccaluga
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Isidori
mesh_terms: D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D016019:Survival Analysis; D019172:Transplantation Conditioning / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation / Q000379:methods*
keywords: acute leukemia; allogeneic; autologous; conditioning; myeloid; transplant