title: The alteration and clinical significance of Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg cells in patients with multiple myeloma.
abstract: Immunological T cells and associated cytokines have been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM). However, the abnormal immune imbalance of T lymphocyte subsets on MM remains unknown. We investigate the proportions of T helper 1 (Th1)/Th2/Th17/T regulatory (Treg) cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by flow cytometry (FCM), and serum levels of relevant cytokines in MM patients and controls were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of T-bet, STAT6, RORgammat, and Foxp3 was measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The CD4+ Th1 and CD4+ Th17 cells in patients with MM were significantly higher than those in health controls as well as the expression of T-bet and RORgammat mRNA. Furthermore, serum levels of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), IL-6, and IL-17A in MM group were greatly increased and significantly associated with each other. Significant differences on Th cells, cytokines, and transcription factors were observed on MM patients. The imbalance of T lymphocyte subsets was thought to contribute to the pathogenesis and underlying mechanisms of MM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Ruhong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Xiaoli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Xiaofang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Huiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Shun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines