title: Changes in pain intensity and health related quality of life with Iyengar yoga in nonspecific chronic low back pain: A randomized controlled study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nonspecific chronic low back (nCLBP) pain is prevalent among adult population and often leads to functional limitations, psychological symptoms, lower quality of life (QOL), and higher healthcare costs. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of Iyengar yoga therapy on pain intensity and health related quality of life (HRQOL) with nCLBP.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effect of Iyengar yoga therapy and conventional exercise therapy on pain intensity and HRQOL in nonspecific chronic low back pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental study with random sampling technique.
  Sixty subjects who fulfilled the selection criteria were randomly assigned to Iyengar yoga (yoga group, n = 30) and control group (exercise group, n = 30). Participants completed low back pain evaluation form and HRQOL-4 questionnaire before their intervention and again 4 weeks and 6 month later. Yoga group underwent 29 yogic postures training and exercise group had undergone general exercise program for 4 weeks.
  
  
  METHODS
  Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze group differences over time, while controlling for baseline differences.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients in both groups experienced significant reduction in pain and improvement in HRQOL. In visual analogue scale (VAS) yoga group showed reduction of 72.81% (P = 0.001) as compared to exercise group 42.50% (P = 0.001). In HRQOL, yoga group showed reduction of 86.99% (P = 0.001) as compared to exercise group 67.66% (P = 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that Iyengar yoga provides better improvement in pain reduction and improvement in HRQOL in nonspecific chronic back pain than general exercise.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, C.U. Shah Physiotherapy College, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Gopal S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Nambi
authors.affiliation: C.U. Shah Medical College, Surendranagar, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Dipika
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Inbasekaran
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, C.U. Shah Physiotherapy College, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Ratan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Khuman
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, C.U. Shah Physiotherapy College, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Surbala
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Devi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, C.U. Shah Physiotherapy College, Gujarat, India.
authors.lastname: Shanmugananth
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, C.U. Shah Physiotherapy College, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jagannathan
keywords: Health related quality of life; Iyengar yoga; nonspecific chronic low back pain; visual analog scale