title: Influence of green and gold kiwifruit on indices of large bowel function in healthy rats.
abstract: The effects of kiwifruit on large bowel health were investigated in healthy rats. Four-week old Sprague-Dawley rats were given diets containing 10% homogenized green kiwifruit, gold kiwifruit or 10% glucose solution (control) over 4 or 6 wk. Green kiwifruit increased the fecal output compared to control. Growth of certain bacterial species in cecum was influenced by both green and gold kiwifruit. A significant increase in cecal Lachnospiraceae in rats fed the green kiwifruit diet was observed at week 4. At week 6, green and gold kiwifruit diets assisted in improving colonic barrier function by upregulating the expression of mucin (MUC)-2, MUC3, Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 or trefoil factor-3 genes. Gold kiwifruit consumption increased the colonic goblet cells per crypt at week 6. Significant negative correlations between E. coli and β-defensin 1 and TLR4 expression were observed. Consuming green and gold kiwifruit for 6 wk significantly altered the biomarkers of large bowel health; indicating that regularly consuming kiwifruit helps attain optimal digestive health.
authors.affiliation: The New Zealand Inst. for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Gunaranjan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paturi
authors.forename: Christine A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Butts
authors.forename: Kerry L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Bentley-Hewitt
authors.forename: Juliet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ansell
mesh_terms: D029042:Actinidia / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D002432:Cecum / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology; D003106:Colon / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D023082:Defensins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000378:metabolism; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D064307:Microbiota; D055262:Mucin-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D055263:Mucin-3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000071165:Trefoil Factor-3; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; C478968:Defb1 protein, rat; D023082:Defensins; D004043:Dietary Fiber; C524628:Muc2 protein, rat; C524651:Muc3 protein, rat; D055262:Mucin-2; D055263:Mucin-3; D009479:Neuropeptides; D059808:Polyphenols; C099037:TFF3 protein, rat; C495347:Tlr4 protein, rat; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D000071165:Trefoil Factor-3
keywords: Lachnospiraceae; Toll-like receptors; functional foods; gene expression; gut health; mucin