title: Re-establishment of the genus Ania Lindl. (Orchidaceae).
abstract: Ania Lindl. is a small genus of the tribe Collabieae subtribe Collabiinae (Orchidaceae). For the last 150 years, it has generally been treated as a synonym of Tainia Blume. In this study, we critically re-examined morphological characters that have been used to distinguish Ania from Tainia, and assessed the phylogeny of Tainia using morphological and palynological characters. Sequences of the nuclear ribosomal ITS, chloroplast trnL intron and combined DNA data sets were analysed to clarify the delimitation and the phylogeny of these groups. The morphological and palynological survey revealed a number of useful diagnostic characters which permit a clear definition of Ania, after the exclusion of a single taxonomically questionable species. Results confirmed that Ania is distinct from Tainia. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on molecular data provided the greatest resolution and produced a morphologically well differentiated clade of Ania. In addition to morphological and suggested palynological characters, the phylogenies were also supported by karyological evidence. Our results support the independent generic status of Ania. The genus name Ania is revived and re-established.
authors.affiliation: South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Hai-Fei
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Miao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Tie-Yao
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.affiliation: South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Shi-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Fu-Wu
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Xing
mesh_terms: D018744:DNA, Plant; D029595:Orchidaceae / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny
chemical_list: D018744:DNA, Plant