title: Factor structure of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) in Brazil: convergent validation of the Brazilian version.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was developed to assess the symptoms of schizophrenia dimensionally. Although it is widely used in clinical trials in Brazil, it is not fully validated. The aim of this study is to assess the factor structure of the Brazilian PANSS and generate validation data for its current version.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 292 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia were enrolled.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Principal component analysis suggested a forced five-factor final model that accounted for 58.44% of the total variance, composed of negative, disorganization/cognition, excitement, positive, and depression/anxiety.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Brazilian PANSS has a similar factor structure and internal consistency compared to versions in several other languages.
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Clinical Neuroscience (LiNC), Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cinthia H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Clinical Neuroscience (LiNC), Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ortiz
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Clinical Neuroscience (LiNC), Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Arthur A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Berberian
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Clinical Neuroscience (LiNC), Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cristiano
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Noto
authors.affiliation: Center for Integrated Mental Health, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Quirino
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Cordeiro
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Clinical Neuroscience (LiNC), Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sintia I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Belangero
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jose C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Pitta
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Clinical Neuroscience (LiNC), Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ary
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gadelha
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Clinical Neuroscience (LiNC), Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Bressan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000503:physiopathology; D001938:Brazil; D003863:Depression / Q000503:physiopathology; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000592:standards*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D055815:Young Adult