title: Characteristics of CADASIL in Chinese mainland patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) has been reported in many geographical regions. However, relatively few reports about CADASIL in Chinese were reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively collected and analyzed clinical characteristics, magnetic resonance (MRI) features and genetic data of 52 Chinese mainland CADASIL patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age of onset was 42.43 years. The primary clinical manifestations included: Ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack (62.5%), primary intracerebral hemorrhage (25%), vertigo (25%), migraine (39.58%), dementia (18.75%) and emotional disturbance (20.83%). The most frequently observed MRI abnormalities were hyperintensity in the cerebral white matter on T2-weighted images and multiple infarcts, high-signal lesions on T2 images in anterior temporal lobes and external capsule were uncommon. The highest mutation frequency was in exon regions, 4 and 3, followed by exon 11. Granular osmiophilic material (GOM) was identified in 66.67% of the cases examined with biopsy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most characteristics of Chinese mainland CADASIL patients are similar to those of CADASIL patients living in other regions. However, the prevalence of primary intracerebral hemorrhage and vertigo is much higher in Chinese mainland CADASIL patients. Significant leukoaraiosis in anterior temporal poles on T2-weighted image are uncommon. Exons 3 and 4 are the mutation hotspots.
authors.forename: Qing-Che
authors.initials: QC
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The Chinese Peoples' Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jia-Tang
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Rong-Tai
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Quan-Gang
authors.initials: QG
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Xu-Sheng
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Sheng-Yuan
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D046589:CADASIL / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult