title: Genome interplay in the grain transcriptome of hexaploid bread wheat.
abstract: Allohexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) provides approximately 20% of calories consumed by humans. Lack of genome sequence for the three homeologous and highly similar bread wheat genomes (A, B, and D) has impeded expression analysis of the grain transcriptome. We used previously unknown genome information to analyze the cell type-specific expression of homeologous genes in the developing wheat grain and identified distinct co-expression clusters reflecting the spatiotemporal progression during endosperm development. We observed no global but cell type- and stage-dependent genome dominance, organization of the wheat genome into transcriptionally active chromosomal regions, and asymmetric expression in gene families related to baking quality. Our findings give insight into the transcriptional dynamics and genome interplay among individual grain cell types in a polyploid cereal genome.
authors.affiliation: Plant Genome and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pfeifer
authors.affiliation: Plant Genome and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Karl G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Kugler
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Sciences/Centre for Integrative Genetics, The Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), 1432 Åas, Norway.
authors.forename: Simen R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Sandve
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Sciences/Centre for Integrative Genetics, The Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), 1432 Åas, Norway.
authors.forename: Bujie
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhan
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Sciences/Centre for Integrative Genetics, The Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), 1432 Åas, Norway.
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rudi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, NMBU, 1432 Åas, Norway.
authors.forename: Torgeir R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Hvidsten
authors.affiliation: Plant Genome and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Klaus F X
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Sciences/Centre for Integrative Genetics, The Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), 1432 Åas, Norway. odd-arne.olsen@nmbu.no.
authors.forename: Odd-Arne
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Olsen
mesh_terms: D001939:Bread; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000235:genetics; D056625:Endosperm / Q000235:genetics; D018628:Gene Dosage; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D018745:Genome, Plant; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D011123:Polyploidy; D059467:Transcriptome; D014908:Triticum / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins