title: The role of the IL-33/IL-1RL1 axis in mast cell and basophil activation in allergic disorders.
abstract: Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a recently discovered cytokine that belongs to the IL-1 superfamily and acts as an important regulator in several allergic disorders. It is considered to function as an alarmin, or danger cytokine, that is released upon structural cell damage. IL-33 activates several immune cells, including Th2 cells, mast cells and basophils, following its interaction with a cell surface heterodimer consisting of an IL-1 receptor-related protein ST2 (IL-1RL1) and IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1RAcP). This activation leads to the production of a variety of Th2-like cytokines that mediate allergic-type immune responses. Thus, IL-33 appears to be a double-edged sword because, in addition to its important contribution to host defence, it exacerbates allergic responses, such as allergic rhinitis and asthma. A major purported mechanism of IL-33 in allergy is the activation of mast cells to produce a variety of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the genetics and physiology of IL-33 and IL-1RL1 and its association with different allergic diseases by focusing on its effects on mast cells and basophils.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: rohit.saluja@charite.de.
authors.forename: Rohit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Saluja
authors.affiliation: University of Groningen, Laboratory of Allergology and Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; GRIAC research institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Maria E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Ketelaar
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hawro
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Martin K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Church
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maurer
authors.affiliation: University of Groningen, Laboratory of Allergology and Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; GRIAC research institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Martijn C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Nawijn
mesh_terms: D001491:Basophils / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology*; D053577:Interleukin-1 Receptor Accessory Protein / Q000276:immunology; D000067596:Interleukin-33; D007378:Interleukins / Q000276:immunology*; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D053573:Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type I / Q000276:immunology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: C506536:IL33 protein, human; D053577:Interleukin-1 Receptor Accessory Protein; D000067596:Interleukin-33; D007378:Interleukins; D053573:Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type I
keywords: Basophil; IL-1RAcP; IL-1RL1; IL-33; Mast cell; Signal transduction