title: Insulin resistance predicts brain amyloid deposition in late middle-aged adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Insulin resistance (IR) increases Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. IR is related to greater amyloid burden post-mortem and increased deposition within areas affected by early AD. No studies have examined if IR is associated with an in vivo index of amyloid in the human brain in late middle-aged participants at risk for AD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Asymptomatic, late middle-aged adults (N = 186) from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention underwent [C-11]Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) positron emission tomography. The cross-sectional design tested the interaction between insulin resistance and glycemic status on PiB distribution volume ratio in three regions of interest (frontal, parietal, and temporal).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In participants with normoglycemia but not hyperglycemia, higher insulin resistance corresponded to higher PiB uptake in frontal and temporal areas, reflecting increased amyloid deposition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first human study to demonstrate that insulin resistance may contribute to amyloid deposition in brain regions affected by AD.
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Wm. S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Auriel A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Willette
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Wm. S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Waisman Laboratory for Brain Imaging and Behavior, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Sterling C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Wm. S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Alex C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Birdsill
authors.affiliation: Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sager
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physics, Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Bradley
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Christian
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Laura D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Craft
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Wm. S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Wm. S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Statz
authors.affiliation: Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Bruce P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Hermann
authors.affiliation: Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Erin M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Jonaitis
authors.affiliation: Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Koscik
authors.affiliation: Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Asenath
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: La Rue
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Wm. S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Asthana
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Wm. S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Electronic address: bbb@medicine.wisc.edu.
authors.forename: Barbara B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Bendlin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000682:Amyloid / Q000378:metabolism*; D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000150:complications; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008609:Mental Status Schedule; D008875:Middle Aged; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: C475519:2-(4'-(methylamino)phenyl)-6-hydroxybenzothiazole; D000682:Amyloid; D000814:Aniline Compounds; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D013844:Thiazoles
keywords: Alzheimer's disease; Amyloid; Cognitively normal; Insulin resistance; PiB; Prefrontal