title: Dermis fat graft implantation after unilateral enucleation for retinoblastoma in pediatric patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of dermis fat graft (DFG) as a primary implant technique in pediatric patients requiring unilateral enucleation due to retinoblastoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective chart review of 14 consecutive pediatric patients who underwent dermis fat graft implantation after unilateral enucleation for retinoblastoma by 1 surgeon (E.A.S.) was performed to evaluate graft efficacy with regard to orbital volume growth and any associated morbidity. Patients who received chemotherapy or external beam radiation were excluded. Demographic information was recorded. Serial MRIs were used to measure orbital volumes to compare the surgical and contralateral orbits over time. The main outcome measure was the difference in bony orbital volume between enucleated and contralateral, uninvolved orbits. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare orbital volume measurements between surgical and nonsurgical orbits. Correlation testing was performed to determine the effect of age, sex, and follow-up time on the orbital volume changes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no statistical difference between the MRI volume measured for surgical and nonsurgical orbits over time. This was the case at all measured time points and for all ages and genders. All patients were under the age of 4 years at the time of surgery. The median difference in orbital volumes between surgical and nonsurgical orbits was -0.095 cm (range -1.26 to 1.01 cm; quartiles -0.32 to 0.07 cm; mean ± SD, -0.144 ± 0.0522 cm; 95% confidence interval, -0.247 to -0.0419 cm). The median follow-up time from surgery date to the most recent clinical examination was 38.5 months (range, 13 to 70 months; quartiles, 28.75 to 45.5 months; mean ± standard deviation [SD], 38.43 ± 17.21 months; 95% confidence interval, 29.41 to 47.45 months).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In pediatric patients below 4 years of age with unilateral retinoblastoma treated with enucleation and primary dermis fat graft implantation, there was no statistically significant difference in bony orbital volume between the surgical and nonsurgical orbits during the follow-up period.
authors.affiliation: *Ophthalmic Facial Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University; and †Operative Care Division, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Hauck
authors.forename: Eric A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Steele
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D015353:Eye Enucleation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009915:Orbit / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D009929:Organ Size; D019572:Retinal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012175:Retinoblastoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000637:transplantation*