title: ADI1, a methionine salvage pathway enzyme, is required for Drosophila fecundity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Methionine, an essential amino acid, is required for protein synthesis and normal cell metabolism. The transmethylation pathway and methionine salvage pathway (MTA cycle) are two major pathways regulating methionine metabolism. Recently, methionine has been reported to play a key role in Drosophila fecundity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Here, we revealed that the MTA cycle plays a crucial role in Drosophila fecundity using the mutant of aci-reductone dioxygenase 1 (DADI1), an enzyme in the MTA cycle. In dietary restriction condition, the egg production of adi1 mutant flies was reduced compared to that of control flies. This fecundity defect in mutant flies was rescued by reintroduction of Dadi1 gene. Moreover, a functional homolog of human ADI1 also recovered the reproduction defect, in which the enzymatic activity of human ADI1 is required for normal fecundity. Importantly, methionine supply rescued the fecundity defect in Dadi1 mutant flies. The detailed analysis of Dadi1 mutant ovaries revealed a dramatic change in the levels of methionine metabolism. In addition, we found that three compounds namely, methionine, SAM and Methionine sulfoxide, respectively, may be required for normal fecundity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In summary, these results suggest that ADI1, an MTA cycle enzyme, affects fly fecundity through the regulation of methionine metabolism.
authors.forename: He-Yen
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Yu-Hung
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Guan-Lin
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Shiu
authors.forename: Hsiang-Yu
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Mei-Ling
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Ming-Shi
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Shiao
authors.forename: Li-Mei
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Pai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049308:Dioxygenases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008715:Methionine / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009154:Mutation
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D008715:Methionine; D049308:Dioxygenases; C083734:aci-reductone oxidase (CO-forming)