title: Anti-inflammatory effects of IKK inhibitor XII, thymulin, and fat-soluble antioxidants in LPS-treated mice.
abstract: The present study was designed to compare the anti-inflammatory effects of several agents applied in vivo, namely, a synthetic inhibitor of the NF-κB cascade, fat-soluble antioxidants, and the thymic peptide thymulin. Cytokine response in LPS-treated mice was analysed in tandem with the following parameters: the synthesis of inducible forms of the heat shock proteins HSP72 and HSP90α; activity of the NF-κB and SAPK/JNK signalling pathways; and TLR4 expression. Inflammation-bearing Balb/c male mice were pretreated with an inhibitor of IKK-α/β kinases (IKK Inhibitor XII); with thymulin; with dietary coenzyme Q9, α-tocopherol, and β-carotene; or with combinations of the inhibitor and peptide or antioxidants. Comparable anti-inflammatory effects were observed in inflammation-bearing mice treated separately with thymulin or with dietary antioxidants administered daily for two weeks before LPS treatment. When LPS-injected mice were treated with the inhibitor and antioxidants together, neither plasma cytokines, signal proteins, nor heat shock proteins recovered more efficiently than when mice were treated with these agents separately. In contrast to antioxidant diet, the thymulin was shown to increase the effect of IKK Inhibitor XII in preventing IKK activation in LPS-treated mice.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Novoselova
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Khrenov
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: O V
authors.initials: OV
authors.lastname: Glushkova
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lunin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Parfenyuk
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: T V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Novoselova
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Fesenko
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D015842:Serine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013935:Thymic Factor, Circulating / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024505:Tocopherols / Q000494:pharmacology; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D015842:Serine Proteinase Inhibitors; D019207:beta Carotene; D013935:Thymic Factor, Circulating; D024505:Tocopherols