title: Skin disruption is associated with indomethacin-induced small intestinal injury in mice.
abstract: One mechanism by which non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) cause intestinal injury is by inducing matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that degrade and remodel the extracellular matrix. In addition to the intestinal mucosa, MMPs are expressed in the skin and can be activated by mast cell-secreted tryptase. We therefore investigated whether intestinal injury resulting from treatment with the NSAID indomethacin induced MMPs in the skin of mice and caused an associated disruption of skin function. Hairless mice and mast cell-deficient mice were administered indomethacin, after which damage to the jejuna and skin was assessed with immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. The plasma concentration of inflammatory mediators was assessed to evaluate potential pathways for signalling skin disruption in response to intestinal injury. In hairless mice with intestinal injury, transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was higher and skin hydration was lower than in control mice. The expression levels of mast cells, tryptase, MMP-1 and MMP-9 were also increased, with concurrent degradation of types I and IV collagen. In contrast, no changes in skin TEWL or skin hydration were observed in mast cell-deficient mice with indomethacin-induced intestinal injury. In all mice evaluated, the plasma concentrations of IgE, IgA, histamine and TNF-α were increased in response to indomethacin treatment. Skin disruption was strongly associated with indomethacin-induced small intestinal injury, and the activation of mast cells and induction of tryptase, MMP-1 and MMP-9 are critical to this association.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Mie, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hiramoto
authors.forename: Mayu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koyama
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ooi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D001834:Body Water / Q000378:metabolism; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D053509:Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008812:Mice, Hairless; D059748:Proteolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000293:injuries* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D053802:Tryptases / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D003094:Collagen; D053802:Tryptases; D053509:Matrix Metalloproteinase 13; C507081:Mmp13 protein, mouse; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; C501830:Mmp9 protein, mouse; D007213:Indomethacin
keywords: mast cell; matrix metalloproteinase; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; tryptase