title: Early and Mid-term Outcomes in Female Patients Undergoing Isolated Conventional Coronary Surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several observational studies comparing outcomes between female and male patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) have shown that operative mortality rate is higher among female patients than in male patients. However, some conflicting studies report that early mortality among female patients is equivalent to that among male patients. We investigated predictive factors of morbidity, mortality and survival in female patients undergoing isolated conventional CABG.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 2002 and December 2009, 1657 patients underwent isolated conventional CABG in our clinic. 21.8% (n=361) of patients were female and 78.2% (n=1296) males.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Advanced age (P<0.0001), hypertension (P<0.0001), diabetes (P<0.0001), and hyperlipidemia (P<0.0001) were the independent predictive factors among female patients. Mean in-hospital mortality rates were 5.8% and 3.2%; for females and males, respectively (P=0.029). Prolonged ventilatory support (P=0.009) and postoperative atrial fibrillation (P=0.049) were the independent predictive factors of in-hospital mortality in female patients. Cardiopulmonary bypass time (P=0.041), prolonged ventilatory support (P<0.0001), and postoperative atrial fibrillation (P=0.031) were the independent predictive factors of in-hospital mortality in male patients. Mean follow-up was 47.51±25.06 months and 48.42±25.21 months among female and male patients (P=0.820). In follow-up, mortality rate was 6.1% (n=22) among female patients and 4.6% (n=60) among male patients (P=0.272). Left internal thoracic artery (LITA) usage (P=0.001) was the independent predictive factor of survival in female patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In-hospital mortality rate was higher in female patients. Length of ICU and hospital stay, and mid-term survival was similar between female and male patients.
authors.affiliation: Izmir Katip Celebi University Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery , Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Kazim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Erguneş
authors.affiliation: Izmir Katip Celebi University Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery , Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yilik
authors.affiliation: Izmir Katip Celebi University Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery , Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ufuk
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Yetkin
authors.affiliation: Izmir Katip Celebi University Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery , Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Banu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lafcı
authors.affiliation: Izmir Katip Celebi University Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery , Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Serdar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bayrak
authors.affiliation: Izmir Katip Celebi University Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery , Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Berkan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ozpak
authors.affiliation: Izmir Katip Celebi University Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery , Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gurbuz
keywords: Coronary Surgery; Female Gender; Postoperative Period; Predictive Factors; Survival