title: COUP-TFII regulates metastasis of colorectal adenocarcinoma cells by modulating Snail1.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II (COUP-TFII, also known as NR2F2) promotes metastasis by functioning in the tumour microenvironment; however, the role of COUP-TFII in colorectal cancer remains unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human colon adenocarcinoma tissues were collected to test COUP-TFII expression. Wound-healing and cell invasion assay were used to evaluate migration and invasion of cells. Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II and related protein expression was assessed by immunostaining, immunoblotting and real-time PCR assay. Tamoxifen-inducible COUP-TFII knockout mice were employed to test COUP-TFII functions on colon cancer metastasis in vivo.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Elevated expression of COUP-TFII in colorectal adenocarcinoma tissue correlated with overexpression of the Snail1 transcription factor. High COUP-TFII expression correlated with metastasis and shorter patient survival. Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II regulated the migration and invasion of cancer cells. With Snail1, COUP-TFII inhibited expression of adherence molecules such as ZO-1, E-cadherin and β-catenin in colorectal cancer cells. Overexpression of COUP-TFII was required for cancer cells to metastasise in vivo. Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II regulated the transcription and expression of Snail1 by directly targeting the Snail1 promoter and regulated associated genes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II was crucial for colorectal cancer metastasis and regulated cell migration and metastasis in conjunction with Snail1. Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II was found to be a biomarker associated with patient survival and colorectal cancer metastasis.
authors.affiliation: First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou Teachers College, the First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou 313000, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.affiliation: Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou 313000, China.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou Teachers College, the First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou 313000, China.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou Teachers College, the First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou 313000, China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou Teachers College, the First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou 313000, China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou Teachers College, the First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou 313000, China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou Teachers College, the First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou 313000, China.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou Teachers College, the First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou 313000, China.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou Teachers College, the First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou 313000, China.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou Teachers College, the First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou 313000, China.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Diagnostic, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deng
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D051837:COUP Transcription Factor II / Q000235:genetics*; D063646:Carcinogenesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000235:genetics; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008875:Middle Aged; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D000071250:Snail Family Transcription Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D051837:COUP Transcription Factor II; D000071250:Snail Family Transcription Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors; C000604407:SNAI1 protein, human; C000604429:Snai1 protein, mouse; C095569:NR2F2 protein, human