title: Novel transgenic rice-based vaccines.
abstract: Oral vaccination can induce both systemic and mucosal antigen-specific immune responses. To control rampant mucosal infectious diseases, the development of new effective oral vaccines is needed. Plant-based vaccines are new candidates for oral vaccines, and have some advantages over the traditional vaccines in cost, safety, and scalability. Rice seeds are attractive for vaccine production because of their stability and resistance to digestion in the stomach. The efficacy of some rice-based vaccines for infectious, autoimmune, and other diseases has been already demonstrated in animal models. We reported the efficacy in mice, safety, and stability of a rice-based cholera toxin B subunit vaccine called MucoRice-CTB. To advance MucoRice-CTB for use in humans, we also examined its efficacy and safety in primates. The potential of transgenic rice production as a new mucosal vaccine delivery system is reviewed from the perspective of future development of effective oral vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuhiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Azegami
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kiyono
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yuki
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D052179:Antigens, Plant / Q000276:immunology*; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000235:genetics; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D051379:Mice; D012275:Oryza / Q000276:immunology; D010944:Plants; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D011323:Primates; D012639:Seeds; D014611:Vaccination; D014612:Vaccines
chemical_list: D052179:Antigens, Plant; D014612:Vaccines; D002772:Cholera Toxin