title: AS-7 improved in vitro quality of red blood cells prepared from whole blood held overnight at room temperature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Extended room temperature (RT) hold of whole blood (WB) may affect the quality of red blood cell (RBC) components produced from these donations. The availability of better RBC additive solutions (ASs) may help reduce the effects. A new AS, AS-7 (SOLX, Haemonetics Corporation), was investigated for improved in vitro quality of RBCs prepared from WB held overnight at RT.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen WB units were held for 21.4 hours ± 40 minutes at 22°C on cooling plates before processing. Each pair of ABO-matched WB units were pooled, divided into a WB filter pack containing saline-adenine-glucose-mannitol (control) and a LEUKOSEP WB-filter pack containing SOLX, and processed according to manufacturer's instructions. RBCs were stored at 2 to 6°C and sampled weekly until expiry. Glycophorin A (GPA+) and annexin V-binding microparticles (MPs) were quantitated using flow cytometry. Osmotic fragility, intracellular pH (pHi), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG), and routine quality variables were measured. Adhesion of RBCs to human endothelial cells (ECs) was evaluated by flow perfusion under low shear stress (0.5 dyne/cm(2) ), similar to low blood flow in microvessels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ATP and 2,3-DPG levels were improved for SOLX-RBCs. SOLX-RBCs maintained higher pHi, increased resistance to hypotonic stress, and reduced numbers of GPA+ MPs. No significant difference was observed between annexin V binding to MPs or adhesion of RBCs to ECs under shear stress.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SOLX-stored RBCs showed increased osmotic resistance, pHi, and reduced GPA+ MPs and together with higher ATP and 2,3-DPG levels demonstrated improved in vitro RBC quality measures during 42 days of storage.
authors.affiliation: Research & Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Margaret F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Veale
authors.forename: Geraldine
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Healey
authors.forename: Amrita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sran
authors.forename: Katherine A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Payne
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zia
authors.forename: Rosemary L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Sparrow
mesh_terms: D019794:2,3-Diphosphoglycerate / Q000097:blood; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000097:blood; D017304:Annexin A5 / Q000378:metabolism; D001793:Blood Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D055252:Cell-Derived Microparticles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D006021:Glycophorins / Q000378:metabolism; D018056:Hemorheology; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D019188:Organ Preservation Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009996:Osmotic Fragility / Q000187:drug effects; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D017304:Annexin A5; D006021:Glycophorins; D019188:Organ Preservation Solutions; D019794:2,3-Diphosphoglycerate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate