title: Preoperative administration of 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthrinse reduces the risk of bacteraemia associated with intra-alveolar tooth extraction.
abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of preoperative 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash on the risk of bacteraemia following routine intra-alveolar tooth extraction. The study was a randomized controlled clinical study of 101 subjects who underwent intra-alveolar dental extractions under local anaesthesia. Subjects were randomly assigned to either chlorhexidine or a control group. The chlorhexidine group had 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash administered for 1 min before any dental manipulation, and the control group had a mouthrinse of sterile water. Blood samples were collected at baseline, 1 min and 15 min after the dental extractions. Subculture and further identification of the isolated bacteria were performed by conventional microbiological techniques. There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of bacteraemia between the control group (52.4%) and chlorhexidine group (27.1%) (P = 0.012). Bacteraemia was most frequently detected at 1 min after extraction (33.3%). Of the 30 subjects who had positive blood culture at 1 min, bacteraemia persisted in 8 (26.7%) of the subjects after 15 min. Bacteria isolated included Staphylococcus aureus, Actinomycetes naesulendi, Prevotella species, Streptococcus spp., and Acinetobacter iwoffii. Routine use of 0.20% chlorhexidine mouthwash before dental extraction is recommended to reduce the risk of bacteraemia following tooth extraction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (Head: Prof. A. L. Ladeinde), Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Chinedu U
authors.initials: CU
authors.lastname: Ugwumba
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (Head: Prof. A. L. Ladeinde), Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003, Lagos, Nigeria. Electronic address: wadeyemo@unilag.edu.ng.
authors.forename: Wasiu L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Adeyemo
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology (Head: Prof. F. T. Ogunsola), Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Olalekan M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Odeniyi
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (Head: Prof. A. L. Ladeinde), Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003, Lagos, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Godwin T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Arotiba
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology (Head: Prof. F. T. Ogunsola), Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Folasade T
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: Ogunsola
mesh_terms: D000150:Acinetobacter / Q000302:isolation & purification; D039903:Actinobacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008963:Molar / Q000601:surgery; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods; D011300:Preoperative Care; D018720:Prevotella / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012307:Risk Factors; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D009067:Mouthwashes; D008012:Lidocaine; D002710:Chlorhexidine
keywords: Bacteraemia; Chlorhexidine; Dental extraction