title: Co-metabolic degradation of diazo dye- reactive blue 160 by enriched mixed cultures BDN.
abstract: Mixed cultures BDN (BDN) proficient in decolourizing diazo dye-reactive blue 160 (RB160) consist of eight bacterial strains, was developed through culture enrichment method from soil samples contaminated with anthropogenic activities. The synthrophic interactions of BDN have led to complete decolourization and degradation of RB160 (100mg/L) within 4h along with co-metabolism of yeast extract (0.5%) in minimal medium. BDN microaerophilicaly decolourized even 1500mg/L of RB160 under high saline conditions (20g/L NaCl) at 37°C and pH 7.0. BDN exhibited broad substrate specificity and decolourized 27 structurally different dyes. The reductase enzymes symmetrically cleaved RB160 and oxidative enzymes further metabolised the degraded products and five different intermediates were identified using FTIR, (1)HNMR and GC-MS. The phytotoxicity assay confirmed that intact RB160 was more toxic than dye degraded intermediates. The BDN was able to colonize and decolourized RB160 in soil model system in presence of indigenous miocroflora as well as in sterile soil without any amendment of additional nutrients, which signifies it useful and potential application in bioremediation.
authors.affiliation: Post Graduate Department of Microbiology, Biogas Research and Extension Centre, Gujarat Vidyapeeth, Sadra 382320, Gujarat, India. Electronic address: kshama003@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kshama H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Balapure
authors.affiliation: Environmental Genomics and Proteomics Lab, BRD School of Biosciences, Satellite Campus, Sardar Patel University, Vadtal Road, Post Box No. 39, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388120, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Kunal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.affiliation: Environmental Genomics and Proteomics Lab, BRD School of Biosciences, Satellite Campus, Sardar Patel University, Vadtal Road, Post Box No. 39, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388120, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Sananda
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chattaraj
authors.affiliation: Post Graduate Department of Microbiology, Biogas Research and Extension Centre, Gujarat Vidyapeeth, Sadra 382320, Gujarat, India. Electronic address: bhattnikhil2114@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nikhil S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Bhatt
authors.affiliation: Environmental Genomics and Proteomics Lab, BRD School of Biosciences, Satellite Campus, Sardar Patel University, Vadtal Road, Post Box No. 39, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388120, Gujarat, India. Electronic address: datta_madamwar@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Datta
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Madamwar
mesh_terms: D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D001419:Bacteria / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D019149:Bioreactors; D003116:Color; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D018525:Germination / Q000187:drug effects; D027805:Phaseolus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014908:Triticum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D001391:Azo Compounds; D001557:Benzenesulfonates; C584233:reactive blue 160
keywords: Bioremediation; Co-substrate; Decolourization; Microaerophilic; Microcosms