title: The Effect of Pistacia atlantica Var. mutica Mouthwash on Dental Plaque Bacteria and Subgingival Microorganisms: a Randomized and Controlled Triple-blind Study.
abstract: Dental plaque is a well-documented etiologic factor for periodontal diseases. While chlorhexidine (CHX) is the gold-standard agent for treating dental plaques, undesirable side effects are often found after continuous use of the mouthwash. Therefore, this single-center, randomized, triple-blinded and clinical trial was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of Pistacia atlantica Var. mutica extract mouthwash on de novo dental plaque bacteria and subgingival microorganisms compared to CHX on a total of 28 patients. The mean aerobic plaque bacterial count of patients at baseline was 2.17 × 10(6). After 4 days of treatment, there were statistically significant decreases in the mean aerobic bacteria in the patients who received P. atlantica and/or CHX (7.25 × 10(4), p = 0.006) and (9.91 × 10(3), p = 0.002), respectively, compared to the patients who received the placebo (6.26 × 10(5)). This study showed that P. atlantica mouthwash is effective against gingival microorganisms. Because of its reduced side effects, P. atlantica mouthwash may be a good alternative choice for patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry & Dental and Periodontal research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arami
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry & Dental and Periodontal research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mojaddadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry & Dental and Periodontal research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pourabbas
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry & Dental and Periodontal research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Chitsaz
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy & Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Delazar
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz branch, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mobayen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058491:Bacterial Load / Q000187:drug effects; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D005881:Gingiva / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D027927:Pistacia; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D009067:Mouthwashes; D010936:Plant Extracts; D002710:Chlorhexidine