title: N-Phenethyl caffeamide and photodamage: protecting skin by inhibiting type I procollagen degradation and stimulating collagen synthesis.
abstract: Skin is mainly damaged by genetic and environmental factors such as ultraviolet (UV) light and pollutants. UV light is a well-known factor that causes various types of skin damage and premature aging. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are commonly involved in the pathogenesis of skin damage by activating the metalloproteinases that break down type I collagen. This study investigated the antioxidant and antiphotodamage activity and mechanisms of N-phenethyl caffeamide (K36) in human skin fibroblasts. The results indicated that K36 demonstrated strong 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging activity, which dose-dependently reduced the production of UVB-induced intracellular ROS in human dermal fibroblasts. K36 prevented UVB-irradiation-induced type I collagen degradation by inhibiting the expression of matrix metalloproteins-1, -3, and -9 and the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases. Furthermore, K36 elevated collagen synthesis in skin fibroblasts by inhibiting UVB-induced Smad7 overexpression. K36 downregulated the expression of the transcription factor, activator protein-1 (AP-1). Our results indicated that K36 exhibited antioxidant properties and prevented skin collagen degradation caused by UV exposure and the stimulation of collagen synthesis, which suggests the potential use of K36 in preventing photodamage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan. Electronic address: hmchiang@mail.cmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Hsiu-Mei
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chien-Wen
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tzu-Yu
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan. Electronic address: kuoyh@mail.cmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Yueh-Hsiung
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kuo
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006801:Humans; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D051900:Smad3 Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051906:Smad7 Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002109:Caffeic Acids; D024042:Collagen Type I; C000608552:N-phenethyl caffeamide; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C497790:SMAD3 protein, human; C497806:SMAD7 protein, human; D051900:Smad3 Protein; D051906:Smad7 Protein; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; C584458:caffeic acid phenethyl amide; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C511768:MMP3 protein, human; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; C522360:MMP1 protein, human; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1
keywords: Activator protein-1 (AP-1); Collagen; Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase; N-phenethyl caffeamide; Photodamage; Smad