title: On guanidinium and cellular uptake.
abstract: Guanidinium-rich scaffolds facilitate cellular translocation and delivery of bioactive cargos through biological barriers. Although impressive uptake has been demonstrated for nonoligomeric and nonpept(o)idic guanidinylated scaffolds in cell cultures and animal models, the fundamental understanding of these processes is lacking. Charge pairing and hydrogen bonding with cell surface counterparts have been proposed, but their exact role remains putative. The impact of the number and spatial relationships of the guanidinium groups on delivery and organelle/organ localization is yet to be established.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California , San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, California 92093, United States.
authors.forename: Ezequiel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wexselblatt
authors.forename: Jeffrey D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Esko
authors.forename: Yitzhak
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tor
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D002412:Cations / Q000737:chemistry*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D019281:Dimerization; D019791:Guanidine / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D015394:Molecular Structure
chemical_list: D002412:Cations; D019791:Guanidine