title: Identification of catechol as a new marker for detecting propolis adulteration.
abstract: Adulteration of propolis with poplar extract is a serious issue in the bee products market. The aim of this study was to identify marker compounds in adulterated propolis, and examine the transformation of chemical components from poplar buds to propolis. The chemical profiles of poplar extracts and propolis were compared, and a new marker compound, catechol, was isolated and identified from the extracts of poplar buds. The polyphenol oxidase, catechol oxidase, responsible for catalyzing oxidation of catechol was detected in poplar buds and propolis. The results indicate catechol can be used as a marker to detect propolis adulterated with poplar extract.
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. asmallcaths@163.com.
authors.forename: Shuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. lgzcplyx@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Cui-Ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. george.li@sydney.edu.au.
authors.forename: George Q
authors.initials: GQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. 3110100394@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yue-Yi
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. kaiwang628@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. flhu@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Fu-Liang
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001516:Bees; D002396:Catechols / Q000032:analysis*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D032107:Populus / Q000737:chemistry; D011429:Propolis / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D002396:Catechols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011429:Propolis; C034221:catechol