title: Innate immune viral recognition: relevance to CNS infections.
abstract: Innate immune responses mediated by mononuclear phagocytes represent the initial host response to acute viral infection. PRRs, including TLRs, retinoic RLRs,and NOD-like receptors, recognize viral nucleic acid and localized injury signals to initiate proinflammatory responses and activation of adaptive immunity. These responses are host- and viral-dependent. Neurotropic viruses, such as HSV, West Nile virus, and HIV activate and evade innate immune signaling mechanisms by distinct mechanisms. These highly complex pathogen-host interactions determine establishment of infection, severity of clinical disease, development of chronic inflammatory processes, and success of vaccination strategies.
authors.affiliation: Neurology Service, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, and Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA. Electronic address: carrithers@neurology.wisc.edu.
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Carrithers
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020805:Central Nervous System Viral Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D018406:Virus Physiological Phenomena
keywords: CNS infection; encephalitis; innate immunity; macrophage; meningitis; microglia