title: Ubiquinol effect on sperm parameters in subfertile men who have astheno-teratozoospermia with normal sperm concentration.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Considering all the couples willing and trying to get pregnant, the incidence of infertility is 15% of which approximately half of the cases are due to the male factors.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was the investigation of the effects of ubiquinol, reduced form of coenzyme Q10 (Co-Q10), an empiric treatment modality, on sperm parameters in idiopathic subfertility.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this retrospective study, 62 patients who had received 100 mg ubiquinol twice a day for six months due to idiopathic infertility since January 2012 to January 2013 were included. Only infertile patients with astheno-teratozoospermia without any identified etiology and with a spermatozoa concentration of greater than 13 × 10(6)/mL were included.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The increase in mean values of concentration after the ubiquinol treatment was not statistically significant (P value = 0.065). However, the changes in morphology and motility (fast progressive [a] and a + slow progressive [b]) were statistically significant (P < 0.00).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The weakness of the literature with regard to coenzyme Q10 is about its effects in patients with severely diminished sperm densities and the physiologic steps of morphologic improvements.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hisar Intercontinental Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Basri
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cakiroglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Sabuncuoglu Serefeddin Training and Research Hospital, Amasya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Seyit Erkan
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Eyyupoglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Hisar Intercontinental Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ramazan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gozukucuk
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hisar Intercontinental Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Bekir Sami
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Uyanik
keywords: Idiopathic; Infertility; Oligospermia; Ubiquinol