title: Antiviral and cytotoxic evaluation of coumarins from Prangos ferulacea.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prangos ferulacea (L.) Lindl. (Apiaceae) is a perennial plant found in the Middle-East, where it is commonly used as an antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory agent. It is a rich source of coumarins.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To purify several coumarins from P. ferulacea and to screen their cytotoxicity and anti-herpes activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Acetone extract of roots of P. ferulacea was subjected to several chromatographic separations to render pure coumarins (1-8). Anti-herpes virus effects of 1-7 were evaluated at concentration 2.5, 5, and 10 µgmL(-1), on a confluent monolayer of Vero cells infected with 25 PFU of HSV1. Cytotoxic effects of 1 and 2 were evaluated on an A2780S cell line using the MTT assay. The cells were exposed to a series of concentrations of coumarins (0.01-2.5 mM, 37°C, 72 h).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compounds 1-8 were identified as osthole, isoimperatorin, oxypeucedanin, psoralen, oxypeucedanin hydrate, gosferol, oxypeucedanin methnolate, and pranferol. This is the first report of occurrence of 4 and 7 in this plant. Compound 1 showed a viability of 9.41% ± 2.4 at 2.5 mM on A2780S cells (IC50 = 0.38 mM). The cell survival of 2 at 2.5 mM was 46.86% ± 5.5 with IC50 equal to 1.1 mM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compound 1 shows cytotoxic effects on the A2780S cell line. Compound 2 is a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor and the A2780S cell line does not express COX-2 which may interpret the non-toxic effect of the compound on this cell line. None of the tested compounds showed an anti-HSV effect at non-toxic concentrations.
authors.affiliation: Novel Drug Delivery Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran .
authors.forename: Yalda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shokoohinia
authors.forename: Seyed-Ebrahim
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Sajjadi
authors.forename: Saeed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gholamzadeh
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fattahi
authors.forename: Mandana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Behbahani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019661:Apiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D003374:Coumarins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D014709:Vero Cells
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D003374:Coumarins; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: A2780S; HSV-1; furanocoumarin; gosferol; oxypeucedanin hydrate; oxypeucedanin methnolate