title: Purtscher-like Retinopathy Associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report on clinical manifestations of Purtscher-like retinopathy (PLR) associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and visual outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective cohort study of 11 patients (21 affected eyes) with PLR in SLE.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients were treated with systemic corticosteroids ± immunosuppressive agents. Ocular therapy included intravitreal injections with bevacizumab in 18/21 eyes and posterior sub-Tenon injections with triamcinolone acetonide 13/21 eyes. Panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) was performed in 19/21 eyes and pars plana vitrectomy was required in 5/21 eyes. Visual improvement was found at follow-up of 3 and 6 months (p = 0.05). Poor visual outcome was associated with presence of neovascularizations at onset (p = 0.009), development of vitreous hemorrhage during PRP (p = 0.015), and active status of SLE after onset of PLR (p = 0.029).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PLR might manifest as a devastating complication of SLE. We recommend treating any systemic activity of SLE and starting an early ocular treatment.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University , Chiang Mai , Thailand and.
authors.forename: Paradee
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kunavisarut
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University , Chiang Mai , Thailand and.
authors.forename: Kessara
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pathanapitoon
authors.affiliation: b Department of Ophthalmology , Erasmus Medical Center , Rotterdam , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Aniki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rothova
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068258:Bevacizumab / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide
keywords: Bevacuzimab; complication; purtscher-like retinopathy; systemic lupus erythematosus; treatment