title: Effectiveness of the modified progressive aerobic capacity endurance run test for assessing aerobic fitness in Hispanic children who are obese.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the progressive aerobic capacity endurance run (PACER) and a newly designed modified PACER (MPACER) for assessing aerobic fitness in Hispanic children who are obese. Thirty-nine (aged 7-12 years) children who were considered obese (≥ 95 th body mass index [BMI] percentile) and 16 children who were considered normal weight (<85th BMI percentile) participated in this study. Performance outcomes included test duration (in minutes) and exercise heart rate (HR) (first-stage and peak HR) for each test. Ninety-five percent confidence intervals and independent t-tests were used to assess differences in primary outcomes. Mean PACER test duration was 1.6 ± 0.6 and 3.1 ± 1.3 minutes for children who were obese and normal weight, respectively. Modified PACER duration was higher than 3 minutes for the obese (3.6 ± 0.6 minutes) and normal weight (5.3 ± 1.2 minutes) groups. Children first-stage HR, expressed as a percent of peak HR, was above the predicted anaerobic threshold during the PACER, but below the anaerobic threshold during the MPACER. Relative first-stage HR was not significantly different between groups for the PACER, but they were significantly different between groups for the MPACER. In conclusion, the MPACER was a better alternative than the PACER for assessing aerobic fitness in Hispanic children who were normal weight and obese. When validated, this modified field test could be used to assess aerobic fitness in Hispanic children, particularly those who are overweight or obese. Additionally, the study provides evidence in which physical educators, personal trainers, and others most apt to assess aerobic fitness in children who are obese, should modify tests originally designed for the population who are normal weight.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, Texas; 2The College of New Jersey, Ewing, New Jersey; and 3Department of Health and Exercise Science, ARS/USDA, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Marilynn H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Graham
authors.forename: Jill A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Bush
authors.forename: Norma
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Olvera
authors.forename: Maurice R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Puyau
authors.forename: Nancy F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Butte
mesh_terms: D015308:Anaerobic Threshold; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000379:methods*; D017079:Exercise Tolerance; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology*; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology