title: WS2 nanosheet as a new photosensitizer carrier for combined photodynamic and photothermal therapy of cancer cells.
abstract: We have developed a simple and efficient strategy to fabricate WS2 nanosheets with low toxicity and good water solubility via a liquid exfoliation method by using H2SO4 intercalation and ultrasonication. The as-prepared WS2 nanosheets were employed not only as an NIR absorbing agent for photothermal therapy (PTT) but also as a photosensitizer (PS) carrier for photodynamic therapy (PDT) due to their sheet like structure that offers large surface area to load PS molecules. Moreover, singlet-oxygen generation of the PSs-WS2 complex could be finely controlled by NIR irradiation that could manipulate the PSs release behavior from WS2 nanosheets. The synergistic anti-tumor effect of WS2 nanosheets mediated PDT-PTT was also evaluated carefully and the results clearly showed that the efficacy of combined PDT-PTT treatment of cancer cells is significantly higher than those of PDT-only and PTT-only treatment, indicating enhanced efficiency of the combined therapeutic system. In addition, the WS2 could be used as a computed tomography (CT) contrast agent for bio-imaging since W atoms have strong X-ray attenuation ability, making them a multifunctional theranostic platform for simultaneous imaging-guided diagnosis and therapy.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R.China. zjgu@ihep.ac.cn zhaoyuliang@ihep.ac.cn yinwy@ihep.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yong
authors.forename: Liangjun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Zhanjun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Gan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Xiaopeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Junxin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Wenshu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cong
authors.forename: Wenyan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Yuliang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000379:methods; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D008751:Methylene Blue / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D053769:Nanocapsules / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D010316:Particle Size; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D013440:Sulfides / Q000737:chemistry; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D017973:Tungsten Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D053769:Nanocapsules; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D013440:Sulfides; D017973:Tungsten Compounds; D008751:Methylene Blue