title: Apoptosis-inducing effect of a palladium(II) saccharinate complex of terpyridine on human breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: The anti-growth effect of a palladium(II) complex-[PdCl(terpy)](sac)·2H2O] (sac=saccharinate, and terpy=2,2':6',2″-terpyridine)-was tested against human breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. Anti-growth effect was assayed by the MTT and ATP viability assays in vitro and then confirmed on Balb/c mice in vivo. The mode of cell death was determined by both histological and biochemical methods. The Pd(II) complex had anti-growth effect on a dose dependent manner in vitro and in vivo. The cells died by apoptosis as evidenced by the pyknotic nucleus, cleavage of poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and induction of active caspase-3. These results suggest that the palladium(II) saccharinate complex of terpyridine represents a potentially active novel complex for the breast cancer treatment, thus warrants further studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Uludag University, 16059 Bursa, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ferda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ari
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Uludag University, 16059 Bursa, Turkey.
authors.forename: Buse
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cevatemre
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Elif Ilkay Ikitimur
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Armutak
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Uludag University, 16059 Bursa, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nazlihan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aztopal
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Uludag University, 16059 Bursa, Turkey.
authors.forename: Veysel T
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical School, Uludag University, 16059 Bursa, Turkey. Electronic address: eulukaya@uludag.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Engin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ulukaya
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D056831:Coordination Complexes / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010165:Palladium / Q000737:chemistry*; D011725:Pyridines / Q000737:chemistry*; D012439:Saccharin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D056831:Coordination Complexes; D011725:Pyridines; D010165:Palladium; D012439:Saccharin
keywords: Apoptosis; Breast cancer; Cytotoxicity; Palladium(II) complex