title: Peripheral nerve reconstruction with epsilon-caprolactone conduits seeded with vasoactive intestinal peptide gene-transfected mesenchymal stem cells in a rat model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Attempts have been made to improve nerve conduits in peripheral nerve reconstruction. We investigated the potential therapeutic effect of a vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), a neuropeptide with neuroprotective, trophic and developmental regulatory actions, in peripheral nerve regeneration in a severe model of nerve injury that was repaired with nerve conduits.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sciatic nerve of each male Wistar rat was transected unilaterally at 10 mm and then repaired with Dl-lactic-ε-caprolactone conduits. The rats were treated locally with saline, with the VIP, with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) or with ASCs that were transduced with the VIP-expressing lentivirus. The rats with the transected nerve, with no repairs, were used as untreated controls. At 12 weeks post-surgery, we assessed their limb function by measuring the ankle stance angle and the percentage of their muscle mass reduction, and we evaluated the histopathology, immunohistochemistry and morphometry of the myelinated fibers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The rats that received a single injection of VIP-expressing ASCs showed a significant functional recovery in the ankle stance angle (p = 0.049) and a higher number of myelinated fibers in the middle and distal segments of the operated nerve versus the other groups (p = 0.046).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that utilization of a cellular substrate, plus a VIP source, is a promising method for enhancing nerve regeneration using Dl-lactic-ε-caprolactone conduits and that this method represents a potential useful clinical approach to repairing peripheral nerve damage.
authors.affiliation: Hand Surgery Unit, Orthopedic Surgery Department of San Cecilio University Hospital of Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hernández-Cortés
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Toledo-Romero
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Delgado
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Sánchez-González
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Galindo-Moreno
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: O'Valle
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology; D000818:Animals; D001284:Atrophy; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002208:Caproates; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D007783:Lactones; D016086:Lentivirus / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002208:Caproates; D007783:Lactones; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; C121056:caprolactone