title: Recruiting testicular torsion introduces an azoospermic mouse model for spermatogonial stem cell transplantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the long-term effect of testicular torsion on sperm parameters and testis structure in order to introduce a novel mice azoospermic model for spermatogonial stem cell transplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Unilateral testicular torsion was created. The animals were divided into two groups each containing 15 mice. They underwent 2 and 4 hours of unilateral testicular ischemia, respectively. All animals in this experiment were aged matched. The experimental (n = 5) groups were studied 2, 4 and 10 weeks after testicular ischemia reperfusion. Moreover, the left testes and epididymis were removed for sperm analysis and for weight and histopathological evaluation. Finally isolated spermatogonial stem cells were transplanted in the testes that underwent 2 hours of ischemia reperfusion, two weeks post-surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the investigated parameters demonstrated a sharp decline at 2, 4 and 10 weeks after testicular torsion, whereas 2-hour ischemia was found to be less injurious in testicular tissue structure. Two months after xenotransplantation, the transplanted cells were localized in the basal of the seminiferous tubules of the recipient ischemic testes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Torsion can cause permanent azoospermia in mouse. Also Testicular torsion 2 weeks after the 2 hours ischemia reperfusion may prove useful for recipient preparation for SSCs transplantation in mouse.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomical Sciences, Division of Reproductive Biology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Saeid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Azizollahi
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, The Academic Center for Education, Culture andResearch,Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aflatoonian
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sedigi-Gilani
authors.affiliation: Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Asghari
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Jafarabadi
authors.affiliation: Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Babak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Behnam
authors.affiliation: Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Gholamabbas
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Azizollahi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomical Sciences, Division of Reproductive Biology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Morteza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koruji
mesh_terms: D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology* / Q000637:transplantation; D000818:Animals; D053713:Azoospermia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004822:Epididymis; D007511:Ischemia / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D055101:Semen Analysis; D013737:Testis / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D054159:Torsion, Mechanical