title: Altered cytokine and chemokine profiles in multiple myeloma and its precursor disease.
abstract: Currently, no reliable biomarkers are available to predict transformation from smoldering myeloma (SMM) to multiple myeloma (MM). Using an ultrasensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) we assessed the levels of a broad range of cytokines and chemokines in the peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) supernatant collected from 14 SMM and 38 MM patients and compared to healthy donors. We found significantly increased levels of key cytokines, in particular CXCL8 (IL-8), associated with progressive disease state (controls→SMM→MM). Cytokine profiles were found similar in PB and BM. Five of fourteen SMM patients (36%) progressed to MM. Our findings, although based on a limited number of patients, suggest that serum-based cytokines may have a future role as biomarkers for disease progression and could potentially be assessed as novel targets for treatment.
authors.affiliation: Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zingone
authors.affiliation: Hematology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Weixin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Hematology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Meghan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Corrigan-Cummins
authors.affiliation: Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: S Peter
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Hematology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Plyler
authors.affiliation: Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Neha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Korde
authors.affiliation: Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kwok
authors.affiliation: Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Elisabet E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Manasanch
authors.affiliation: Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Nishant
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tageja
authors.affiliation: Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Manisha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bhutani
authors.affiliation: Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Marcia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mulquin
authors.affiliation: Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Diamond
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zuchlinski
authors.affiliation: Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Mary Ann
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Yancey
authors.affiliation: Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roschewski
authors.affiliation: Dana-Faber Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Dana-Faber Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Aldo M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Roccaro
authors.affiliation: Dana-Faber Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Irene M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Ghobrial
authors.affiliation: Hematology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Katherine R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Calvo
authors.affiliation: Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Myeloma Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: landgrec@mskcc.org.
authors.forename: Ola
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Landgren
mesh_terms: D018925:Chemokines / Q000097:blood*; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D018925:Chemokines
keywords: CXCL8; Chemokines; Multiple myeloma