title: Usefulness of free-breathing readout-segmented echo-planar imaging (RESOLVE) for detection of malignant liver tumors: comparison with single-shot echo-planar imaging (SS-EPI).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to clarify the usefulness of free-breathing readout-segmented echo-planar imaging (RESOLVE), which is multi-shot echo-planar imaging based on a 2D-navigator-based reacquisition technique, for detecting malignant liver tumor.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 77 patients with malignant liver tumors, free-breathing RESOLVE and respiratory-triggered single-shot echo-planar imaging (SS-EPI) at 3-T MR unit were performed. We set a scan time up to approximately 5 min (300s) before examination, measured actual scan time and assessed (1) susceptibility and (2) motion artifacts in the right and left liver lobes (3, no artifact; 1, marked), and (3) detectability of malignant liver tumors (3, good; 1, poor) using a 3-point scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median actual scan time of RESOLVE/SS-EPI was 365/423s. The median scores of each factor in RESOLVE/SS-EPI were as following in this order: (1) 3/2 (right lobe); 3/3 (left lobe), (2) 2/3 (right lobe); 1/2 (left lobe), and (3) 3/3, respectively. Significant differences were noted between RESOLVE and SS-EPI in all evaluated factors (P<0.05) except for susceptibility of left lobe and detectability of the lesions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite the effect of motion artifacts, RESOLVE provides a comparable detectability of the lesion and the advantage of reducing scanning time compared with SS-EPI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tokoro
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan. Electronic address: fujinaga@shinshu-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yasunari
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujinaga
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Ayumi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ohya
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.affiliation: Radiology Division of Shinshu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Aya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shiobara
authors.affiliation: Radiology Division of Shinshu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kitou
authors.affiliation: Radiology Division of Shinshu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Masumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kadoya
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016477:Artifacts; D001706:Biopsy; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012119:Respiration; D055425:Respiratory-Gated Imaging Techniques / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Abdomen; Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging; Echo-planar imaging; Liver neoplasms