title: Efficiency of external nasal dilators in pediatric nasal septal deviation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nasal septal deviation results from irregular development of the nasomaxillary complex and trauma. Treatment of nasal septal deviation in pediatric patients is one of the biggest challenges in rhinology. Surgery may alter craniofacial growth patterns, and so it may be indicated only in the selected cases. The use of external nasal dilators is a relatively new treatment modality in nasal obstruction.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study was performed to assess the efficacy of external nasal dilator in pediatric nasal septal deviation patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-six children who were diagnosed with nasal septal deviation at our outpatient clinic were included in the study. The patients were divided into 2 groups: the external nasal dilator group was composed of 48 children that had used an external nasal dilator for at least 1 month and still been using, while the control group was comprised of 28 children that had not received any treatment and had not used an external nasal dilator. The parents of the children were asked to complete the obstructive sleep apnea 18 questionnaire. In addition, the external nasal dilator group was asked to complete the questionnaire after stopping external nasal dilator use for 2 weeks and the control group also repeated the obstructive sleep apnea 18 questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The obstructive sleep apnea 18 questionnaire results were significantly different between the external nasal dilator group and the control group at the beginning of the study (i.e., when patients in the external nasal dilator group were still using their dilators, P = 0.000). On the other hand, there was no difference between the 2 groups after the patients in the external nasal dilator group had stopped using their external nasal dilator (P = 0.670).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  External nasal dilator use relieved nasal septal deviation, which narrows the nasal valve. The results of this study suggest that external nasal dilator could be used in patients that are not candidates for septoplasty.
authors.affiliation: Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, ENT Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: ziyasalturk@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ziya
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Salturk
authors.affiliation: Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, ENT Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Muzafer
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inan
authors.affiliation: Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, ENT Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tolgar Lutfi
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Kumral
authors.affiliation: Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, ENT Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yavuz
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Atar
authors.affiliation: Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, ENT Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Guven
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yildirim
authors.affiliation: Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, ENT Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yavuz
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uyar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004106:Dilatation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009300:Nasal Septum / Q000002:abnormalities*; D009667:Nose Deformities, Acquired / Q000601:surgery*; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Children; External nasal dilator; Nasal septal deviation; Nasal valve; Septoplasty