title: Therapeutical effects and mechanism of salubrinal combined with ulinastatin on treating paraquat poisoning.
abstract: To explore therapeutic effects and underlying mechanism of Salubrinal combined with Ulinastatin (UTI) on acute Paraquat (PQ) poisoning. Four hundred rats were randomly allocated into UTI group, SAL group, SAL + UTI and control group according to random number table with 100 rats in each group. Acute PQ poisoning models were established, and all rats received UTI, Salubrinal, SAL + UTI and normal saline injection, respectively. Afterward, we analyzed the change of lung tissue and explored the mechanism. Acute PQ poisoning caused significantly damage in rat lung tissue structure, and UTI could effectively repair lung tissue damage. Salubrinal suppressed hemorrhage and fibrosis, but promoted inflammatory infiltration. In contrast, UTI + Salubrinal suppressed hemorrhage, fibrosis and inflammatory infiltration, but could not improve lung tissue damage. Expression of LC3 and Bcl-2 showed statistically significant difference among different groups (p < 0.05). LC3 and Bcl-2 levels in UTI group were much higher than in the other groups, and LC3 and Bcl-2 levels in UTI + SAL group was second higher. LC expression in SAL group was lower than in UTI group and UTI + SAL group with Bcl-2 in control group significantly lower than in the other groups (p < 0.05). Expression of Caspase-3 and Bcl-2/Bax in lung tissue in different groups had statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). Caspase-3 in UTI group was lower than in the other groups; however, Bcl-2/Bax in UTI group was higher than in the other groups (p < 0.05). Acute PQ poisoning can cause endoplasmic reticulum stress-autophagy in rat, and UTI can increase Bcl-2 expression, decrease Caspase-3, which can inhibit progress of lung injury by suppressing apoptosis and exert good therapeutic effects. Although salubrinal has marked effects on protecting lung tissue, it can increase Bcl-2 expression, which is not beneficial to lung tissue protection. The underlying mechanism still needs further exploration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China, drhuaguo@126.com.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Xiaomin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006540:Herbicides / Q000633:toxicity; D010269:Paraquat / Q000506:poisoning*; D011658:Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013890:Thiourea / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014361:Trypsin Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D002934:Cinnamates; D016207:Cytokines; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006023:Glycoproteins; D006540:Herbicides; D014361:Trypsin Inhibitors; C496827:salubrinal; D013890:Thiourea; C028665:urinastatin; D010269:Paraquat