title: Comprehensive analysis of inflammatory markers in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension patients.
abstract: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is associated with chronic inflammation but the pathological mechanisms are largely unknown. Our study aimed to simultaneously profile a broad range of cytokines in the supernatant of pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) surgical material, as well as prospectively in patients with CTEPH to investigate whether circulating cytokines are associated with haemodynamic and physical characteristics of CTEPH patients. Herein, we show that PEA specimens revealed a significant upregulation of interleukin (IL)-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, interferon-γ-induced protein-10 (IP)-10, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)1α and RANTES compared to lung tissue from healthy controls. In prospectively collected serum, levels of IL-6, IL-8, IP-10, monokine induced by interferon-γ (MIG) and MIP1α were significantly elevated in CTEPH patients compared to age- and sex-matched healthy controls. In serum of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) patients, only IP-10 and MIG were significantly increased. In CTEPH but not in IPAH, IP-10 was negatively correlated with cardiac index, 6-min walking distance and carbon monoxide diffusion capacity. In vitro, IP-10 significantly increased migration of freshly isolated adventitial fibroblasts. Our study is the first to show that IP-10 secretion is associated with poor pulmonary haemodynamics and physical capacity in CTEPH and might be involved in the pathological mechanism of PEA tissue formation.
authors.affiliation: Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zabini
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Akos
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heinemann
authors.affiliation: Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Vasile
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Foris
authors.affiliation: Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Chandran
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nagaraj
authors.affiliation: Dept of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nierlich
authors.affiliation: Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Zoltán
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bálint
authors.affiliation: Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria Dept of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Experimental Anaesthesiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Grazyna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kwapiszewska
authors.affiliation: Dept of Internal Medicine II, Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Irene M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.affiliation: Dept of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Klepetko
authors.affiliation: Dept of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Horst
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Olschewski
authors.affiliation: Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria Dept of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Experimental Anaesthesiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria andrea.olschewski@lvr.lbg.ac.at.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Olschewski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002908:Chronic Disease; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines