title: Urolithiasis in Italy: an epidemiological study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Worldwide the urolithiasis is the third most frequent urological disease affecting both males and females. In literature there are not recent Italian epidemiological data about stone disease. The objective of this study is the evaluation of current epidemiology of urolithiasis in Italy using the Health Search/CSD Longitudinal Patient Database (HS) database.
  
  
  METHODS
  An observational, descriptive, retrospective trial was conducted. Inclusion criteria were: family physician- assisted Italian living population member of HS database within 31 December 2012, both genders, age over 17 years, at least two years of clinical history recorded from the beginning the trial. Data were collected by HS database and elaborated by its software Millewin®.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In Italy prevalence of urolithiasis in 2012 was 4.14%, it was higher in males than in females (4.53% versus 3.78%) with a positive relation with increasing age. The highest prevalence rate of urolithiasis was reported in the region Campania (6.08%). The general incidence was 2.23 * 1000, with the highest incidence in the region Sicilia (3.15 * 1000). Incidence was higher in group age 65-74 years (3.18 * 1000).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In Italy the incidence and prevalence of urolithiasis is increasing with particular distribution in relation to gender, age and regional position.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University Federico II of Naples, Naples. domenico.prezioso2@unina.it.
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Prezioso
authors.forename: Ester
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Illiano
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Piccinocchi
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cricelli
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Piccinocchi
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saita
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Micheli
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trinchieri
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D052878:Urolithiasis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult