title: The effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury in hypertensive rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial injury in hypertensive rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats were divided into 4 groups (n=29): Control group (n=8), L-NNA (NG-Nitro-L-arginine) group (n=8), L-NNA+ISO (L-NNA+isoproterenol) group (n=7) and L-NNA+ISO+CAPE (L-NNA+ISO + caffeic acid phenethyl ester) group (n=6). ISO (150 mg/kg/day) was given intraperitoneally (i.p.) once a day for 2 consecutive days (at the 12th and 13th days of L-NNA treatment). NG-Nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) was given orally (25 mg/kg/day) in drinking water for 14 days. CAPE (10 μmol/kg/day) was given (i.p.) for 7 days after the first week. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was evaluated by the tail-cuff method and biochemical analysis were performed using an autoanalyzer and a spectrophotometer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SBP in all L-NNA-treated groups was found to be increased at seventh day. AST and LDH levels in LNNA+ISO group were significantly increased compared to control (AST: 125±5 vs. 105±2; LDH: 861±154 vs. 571±46 U/L respectively) (p<0.05). Also, ISO caused to extensive necrosis and mononuclear cell infiltration in hypertensive rat myocardium. CAPE application reversed the enhanced AST and LDH levels as well as the extensive necrosis and the mononuclear cell infiltration in LNNA+ISO+CAPE group compared LNNA+ISO.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to our findings, it might be suggested that CAPE may be a favorable agent to protect the hypertensive myocardium from the injury induced by isoproterenol via mechanisms such as the induction of the antioxidant enzymes and the inhibition of lipid peroxidation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Fırat University; Elazığ-Turkey. selcukilhan52@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Selçuk
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: İlhan
authors.forename: Nigar
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yılmaz
authors.forename: Emel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nacar
authors.forename: Sedat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Motor
authors.forename: Süleyman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oktar
authors.forename: Engin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Şahna
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000009:adverse effects; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000139:chemically induced; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002109:Caffeic Acids; C055494:caffeic acid phenethyl ester; D007545:Isoproterenol; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol