title: A high ratio of ADP-TRAP induced platelet aggregation is associated more strongly with increased mortality after coronary stent implantation than high conventional ADP induced aggregation alone.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to evaluate whether a high relative ADP induced aggregation (r-ADP-agg) is associated with an increased mortality in patients after coronary stent implantation.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Several trials were not able to improve clinical outcome by adapting platelet inhibition in patients after coronary stent implantation and high platelet reactivity (HPR). Platelet monitoring is complex and conventional definition of adenosindiphosphate (ADP) induced aggregation alone might not transfer the whole picture of adequate platelet inhibition in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective single-centre observational trial multiple electrode aggregometry was performed in whole blood of patients after stent implantation. r-ADP-agg was defined as the ADP-thrombin receptor activating peptide ratio to reflect an individual degree of P2Y12 dependent platelet inhibition with a cut-off value for HPR of ≥ 50%. The primary end point was mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Follow-up was completed in 176 of 184 patients (96%) with a mean follow-up time of 3.7 years. 35 (20 %) patients revealed an r-ADP-agg ≥ 50%. An r-ADP-agg ≥ 50% was associated with an increased mortality [unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) 7.006 (2.561-19.17); p = 0.0001]. In a multivariable Cox regression analysis mortality was independently associated with an r-ADP-agg ≥ 50% [HR 3.324 (1.542-7.165); p = 0.0022], ACS-setting [HR 3.249 (1.322-7.989); p = 0.0102] and severely reduced LV function [HR 5.463 (2.098-14.26); p = 0.0005].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An r-ADP-agg ≥ 50% is associated with an increased mortality in patients after coronary stent implantation. Furthermore, r-ADP-agg might represent a better tool to predict clinical outcome than the conventional ADP induced platelet aggregation alone.
authors.affiliation: Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center Freiburg University, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany, christoph.olivier@universitaets-herzzentrum.de.
authors.forename: Christoph B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Olivier
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schnabel
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brandt
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Weik
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olschewski
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bode
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Diehl
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moser
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000097:blood; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D009204:Myocardial Revascularization; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010979:Platelet Function Tests; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000401:mortality; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D015607:Stents; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D013988:Ticlopidine / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C086309:thrombin receptor peptide SFLLRNP; D013988:Ticlopidine