title: Soil fluoride spiking effects on olive trees (Olea europaea L. cv. Chemlali).
abstract: A pot experiment under open air conditions was carried out to investigate the uptake, accumulation and toxicity effects of fluoride in olive trees (Olea europaea L.) grown in a soil spiked with inorganic sodium fluoride (NaF). Six different levels (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100mM NaF) of soil spiking were applied through NaF to irrigation water. At the end of the experiment, total fluoride content in soil was 20 and 1770mgFkg(-1) soil in control and 100mM NaF treatments, respectively. The comparative distribution of fluoride partitioning among the different olive tree parts showed that the roots accumulated the most fluoride and olive fruits were minimally affected by soil NaF spiking as they had the lowest fluoride content. In fact, total fluoride concentration varied between 12 and 1070µgFg(-1) in roots, between 9 and 570µgFg(-1) in shoots, between 12 and 290µgFg(-1) in leaves, and between 10 and 29µgFg(-1) in fruits, respectively for control and 100mM NaF treatments. Indeed, the fluoride accumulation pattern showed the following distribution: roots>shoots>leaves>fruits. On the other hand, fluoride toxicity symptoms such as leaf necrosis and leaf drop appeared only in highly spiked soils (60, 80 and 100mM NaF).
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Biodiversity and Dynamic of Ecosystems in Arid Area, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, B.P. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; Laboratory of Improvement of Olive Productivity and Fruit Trees, Olive Tree Institute of Sfax, B.P. 1087, Sfax 3018, Tunisia; University of Limoges, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Botany and Cryptogamy, GRESE EA 4330, 2 rue du Docteur Marcland, F-87025 Limoges, France. Electronic address: mohamedzouari2@gmail.com.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zouari
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Biodiversity and Dynamic of Ecosystems in Arid Area, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, B.P. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; Laboratory of Improvement of Olive Productivity and Fruit Trees, Olive Tree Institute of Sfax, B.P. 1087, Sfax 3018, Tunisia.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ben Ahmed
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Biodiversity and Dynamic of Ecosystems in Arid Area, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, B.P. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fourati
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemical Sciences of Rennes, CNRS UMR 6226, University of Rennes, 2, Avenue of Professor Léon Bernard F-35043 RENNES Cedex, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Delmail
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Improvement of Olive Productivity and Fruit Trees, Olive Tree Institute of Sfax, B.P. 1087, Sfax 3018, Tunisia.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ben Rouina
authors.affiliation: University of Limoges, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Botany and Cryptogamy, GRESE EA 4330, 2 rue du Docteur Marcland, F-87025 Limoges, France. Electronic address: pascal.labrousse@unilim.fr.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Labrousse
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Biodiversity and Dynamic of Ecosystems in Arid Area, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, B.P. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ben Abdallah
mesh_terms: D018533:Biomass; D005459:Fluorides / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D005638:Fruit / Q000378:metabolism; D031658:Olea / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D005459:Fluorides
keywords: Fluoride; Fluoride sequestration; Olea europaea L.; Olive fruits; Soil spiking; Toxicity