title: Prevalence of asthma and allergic diseases in adolescents: nine-year follow-up study (2003-2012).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of symptoms of asthma, rhinitis, and atopic eczema in adolescents (AD; 13-14 years) living in seven Brazilian cities, by applying the standardized written questionnaire (WQ) of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC), and to evaluate the time trend nine years after the last assessment of ISAAC phase 3 (ISP3).
  
  
  METHODS
  The ISAAC-WQ was answered by 20,099 AD from the Northern, Northeastern, Southeastern, and Southern Brazilian regions. Values obtained were compared to those observed in ISP3 using nonparametric (chi-squared or Fisher) tests, and the ratio of annual increment/decrement was established for each of the centers, according to the symptom assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Considering the national data and comparing to values of ISP3, there was a decrease in the mean prevalence of active asthma (18.5% vs. 17.5%) and an increase in the frequency of severe asthma (4.5% vs. 4.7%) and physician-diagnosed asthma (14.3% vs. 17.6%). An increase in prevalence of rhinitis, rhinoconjunctivitis, and atopic eczema was also observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of asthma, rhinitis, and atopic eczema in Brazil was variable; higher prevalence values, especially of asthma and eczema, were observed in regions located closer to the Equator.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: alergiainmunologiareumatologia@unifesp.br.
authors.forename: Dirceu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Solé
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nelson A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Rosário Filho
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Emanuel S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Sarinho
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Inês C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Camelo-Nunes
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual do Pará (UEPA), Belém, PA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruno A Paes
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Barreto
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, AL, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mércia L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Medeiros
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), Aracajú, SE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jackeline Motta
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Camargos
authors.affiliation: Universidade de Santiago (USACH), Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mallol
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), Aracajú, SE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gurgel
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Djanira M de
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Furlan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Almerinda R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cardozo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cláudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Andrade
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects; D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003233:Conjunctivitis, Allergic / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015995:Prevalence; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013334:Students / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Adolescent; Adolescente; Allergic rhinitis; Asma; Asthma; Atopic eczema; Eczema atópico; Epidemiologia; Epidemiology; Rhinoconjunctivitis; Rinite alérgica; Rinoconjuntivite