title: Systems biology approaches for inflammatory bowel disease: emphasis on gut microbial metabolism.
abstract: Although the prevalence of main idiopathic forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has risen considerably over the last decades, their clinical features do not allow accurate prediction of prognosis, likelihood of disease progression, or response to specific therapy. Through a better understanding of the molecular pathways involved in IBD and the promise of more targeted therapies, the personalized approach to the management of IBD shows potential. To achieve this, there remains a significant need to better understand the disease process at cellular and molecular levels for any given individual with IBD. The complexity of biological functional networks behind the etiology of IBD highlights the need for their comprehensive analysis. In this, omics technologies can generate a systemic view of IBD pathogenesis on which to base novel, multiple pathway-integrated therapies. Omics sciences have just started to contribute here by generating gene, protein expression, metabolite data at global level and large scale, and more recently by offering new opportunities to explore gut functional ecology. In particular, there is much expectation regarding the putative role of the gut microbiome in IBD. No doubt it will provide additional insights and lead to the development of alternative, hopefully better, diagnostic, prognostic, and monitoring tools in the management of IBD. This review discusses perspectives of relevance to clinical translation with emphasis on gut microbial metabolic activities.
authors.affiliation: *Natural Bioactives and Screening, Nestle Institute of Health Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland; †Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; ‡Medical Affairs, Nestle Health Science, Vevey, Switzerland; §Systems Nutrition and Health, Nestle Institute of Health Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland; ‖Molecular Biomarkers, Nestle Institute of Health Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland; ¶Analytical Sciences Competence Pillar, Nestle Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland; **Faculty of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland; ††Faculty of Science, Interdisciplinary NanoScience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; and ‡‡IBD unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Sofia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moco
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Candela
authors.forename: Emil
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.forename: Colleen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Draper
authors.forename: Ornella
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Cominetti
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Montoliu
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Barron
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kussmann
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brigidi
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gionchetti
authors.forename: Francois-Pierre J
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D049490:Systems Biology / Q000379:methods*