title: Degradative actions of microbial xylanolytic activities on hemicelluloses from rhizome of Arundo donax.
abstract: Polysaccharidases from extremophiles are remarkable for specific action, resistance to different reaction conditions and other biotechnologically interesting features. In this article the action of crude extracts of thermophilic microorganisms (Thermotoga neapolitana, Geobacillus thermantarcticus and Thermoanaerobacterium thermostercoris) is studied using as substrate hemicellulose from one of the most interesting biomass crops, the giant reed (Arundo donax L.). This biomass can be cultivated without competition and a huge amount of rhizomes remains in the soil at the end of cropping cycle (10-15 years) representing a further source of useful molecules. Optimization of the procedure for preparation of the hemicellulose fraction from rhizomes of Arundo donax, is studied. Polysaccharidases from crude extracts of thermophilic microorganisms revealed to be suitable for total degradative action and/or production of small useful oligosaccharides from hemicelluloses from A. donax. Xylobiose and interesting tetra- and pentasaccharide are obtained by enzymatic action in different conditions. Convenient amount of raw material was processed per mg of crude enzymes. Raw hemicelluloses and pretreated material show antioxidant activity unlike isolated tetra- and pentasaccharide. The body of results suggest that rhizomes represent a useful raw material for the production of valuable industrial products, thus allowing to increase the economic efficiency of A. donax cultivation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry ICB-CNR, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80072, Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Licia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lama
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry ICB-CNR, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80072, Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Annabella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tramice
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry ICB-CNR, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80072, Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Finore
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry ICB-CNR, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80072, Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Anzelmo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry ICB-CNR, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80072, Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Calandrelli
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry ICB-CNR, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80072, Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pagnotta
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry ICB-CNR, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80072, Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tommonaro
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry ICB-CNR, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80072, Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Annarita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Poli
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry ICB-CNR, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80072, Napoli, Italy ; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Naples "Parthenope", Centro Direzionale, Isola C4, Naples, 80143, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Di Donato
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry ICB-CNR, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80072, Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nicolaus
authors.affiliation: Department of Agriculture, Naples University Federico II, Via Università 100, Portici, 80055, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fagnano
authors.affiliation: Department of Agriculture, Naples University Federico II, Via Università 100, Portici, 80055, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.affiliation: Department of Agriculture, Naples University Federico II, Via Università 100, Portici, 80055, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Impagliazzo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry ICB-CNR, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80072, Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trincone
keywords: Arundo donax; Biorefinery; Thermophilic enzymes; Xylan; Xylanases; Xylooligosaccharides