title: Effects of playing a violent video game as male versus female avatar on subsequent aggression in male and female players.
abstract: Previous research has shown that violent video games can increase aggression in players immediately after they play. The present research examines the effects of one subtle cue within violent video games that might moderate these effects-whether the avatar is male or female. One common stereotype is that males are more aggressive than females. Thus, playing a violent video game as a male avatar, compared to a female avatar, should be more likely to prime aggressive thoughts and inclinations in players and lead to more aggressive behavior afterwards. Male and female university students (N = 242) were randomly assigned to play a violent video game as a male or female avatar. After gameplay, participants gave an ostensible partner who hated spicy food hot sauce to eat. The amount of hot sauce given was used to measure aggression. Consistent with priming theory, results showed that both male and female participants who played a violent game as a male avatar behaved more aggressively afterwards than those who played as female avatar. The priming effects of the male avatar were somewhat stronger for male participants than for female participants, suggesting that male participants identified more with the male avatar than did the female participants. These results are particularly noteworthy because they are consistent with another recent experiment showing that playing a violent game as an avatar with a different stereotypically aggressive attribute (black skin color) stimulates more aggression than playing as an avatar without the stereotypically aggressive attribute (Yang et al., 2014, Social Psychological and Personality Science).
authors.affiliation: University, of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Grace S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: L Rowell
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Huesmann
authors.forename: Brad J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Bushman
mesh_terms: D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012737:Sex Factors; D018910:Video Games / Q000523:psychology*; D014754:Violence / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: aggression; avatar sex; sexism; violent video games