title: Respiratory mechanics and plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6 are affected by gas humidification during mechanical ventilation in dogs.
abstract: The use of dry gases during mechanical ventilation has been associated with the risk of serious airway complications. The goal of the present study was to quantify the plasma levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6 and to determine the radiological, hemodynamic, gasometric, and microscopic changes in lung mechanics in dogs subjected to short-term mechanical ventilation with and without humidification of the inhaled gas. The experiment was conducted for 24 hours in 10 dogs divided into two groups: Group I (n = 5), mechanical ventilation with dry oxygen dispensation, and Group II (n = 5), mechanical ventilation with oxygen dispensation using a moisture chamber. Variance analysis was used. No changes in physiological, hemodynamic, or gasometric, and radiographic constants were observed. Plasma TNF-alpha levels increased in group I, reaching a maximum 24 hours after mechanical ventilation was initiated (ANOVA p = 0.77). This increase was correlated to changes in mechanical ventilation. Plasma IL-6 levels decreased at 12 hours and increased again towards the end of the study (ANOVA p>0.05). Both groups exhibited a decrease in lung compliance and functional residual capacity values, but this was more pronounced in group I. Pplat increased in group I (ANOVA p = 0.02). Inhalation of dry gas caused histological lesions in the entire respiratory tract, including pulmonary parenchyma, to a greater extent than humidified gas. Humidification of inspired gases can attenuate damage associated with mechanical ventilation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Surgery, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hernández-Jiménez
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Therapy Service, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rogelio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: García-Torrentera
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Surgery, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: J Raúl
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Olmos-Zúñiga
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Surgery, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rogelio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jasso-Victoria
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Morphology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Miguel O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Gaxiola-Gaxiola
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Surgery, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Matilde
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baltazares-Lipp
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and Mycology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Luis H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez-González
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005740:Gases / Q000737:chemistry*; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006813:Humidity; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D008168:Lung / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D005740:Gases; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha