title: Arnold-Chiari Malformation Type III With Meningoencephalocele: A Case Report.
abstract: Arnold-Chiari malformation type III (CM III) is an extremely rare anomaly with poor prognosis. An encephalocele with brain anomalies as seen in CM II, and herniation of posterior fossa contents like the cerebellum are found in CM III. The female infant was a twin, born at 33 weeks, weighing 1.7 kg with a huge hydrocele on the craniocervical junction. After operations were performed, she was referred to the department of rehabilitation medicine for poor motor development, swallowing dysfunction, and poor eye fixation at 22 months. The child was managed with neurodevelopmental treatment, oromotor facilitation, and light perception training. After 14 months, improvement of gross motor function was observed, including more stable head control, rolling, and improvement of visual perception. CM III has been known as a condition with poor prognosis. However, with the improvement in operative techniques and intensive rehabilitations, the prognosis is more promising than ever before. Therefore, more attention must be paid to the rehabilitation issues concerning patients with CM III.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Dae Ho
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Chang Hwan
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Myeong Ok
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Hyun
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Han Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Jung
keywords: Chiari III malformation; Cortical blindness; Developmental disabilities; Rehabilitation