title: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha -308 G>A polymorphism, adherence to Mediterranean diet, and risk of overweight/obesity in young women.
abstract: The present study was conducted in order to (i) characterize the adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) pattern and fatty acids (FAs) intakes and (ii) explore interactions between TNFA -308 G>A polymorphism and adherence to MD and FAs intakes, respectively, on overweight/obesity risk. From 2010 to 2013, 380 healthy women were enrolled, and MD score (MDS) and FAs intakes were evaluated by a Food Frequencies Questionnaire in relation to nutritional status. TNFA -308 G/A polymorphism was characterized using PCR-RFLP. A total of 32.6% of women were overweight or obese. Lower mean MDS values were more observed in the younger age group than in the older age group (3.60 versus 4.45). The risk of being overweight/obese was 3.5-fold increased due to poor adherence to MD and was about twofold increased in less educated women. Furthermore, younger age was associated with poor adherence to MD. No evidence for an independent effect of the polymorphism on overweight/obesity risk was found. There was no evidence of biological interaction from the gene-diet interaction analyses. Young women, less educated and with poor adherence to MD, are a target group for the nutritional interventions that aimed to control the obesity risk, thus improving the adherence to MD and particularly the intake of unsaturated FAs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Biology and Genetics, Forensic Medicine, Neuroscience, Diagnostic Pathology, Hygiene and Public Health, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0905-5003
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barchitta
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Biology and Genetics, Forensic Medicine, Neuroscience, Diagnostic Pathology, Hygiene and Public Health, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5764-6721
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Quattrocchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Biology and Genetics, Forensic Medicine, Neuroscience, Diagnostic Pathology, Hygiene and Public Health, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9400-2159
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Adornetto
authors.affiliation: UOC Laboratorio Analisi 1, P.O. "Vittorio Emanuele", Via Plebiscito 628, 95100 Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Anna Elisa
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Marchese
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Biology and Genetics, Forensic Medicine, Neuroscience, Diagnostic Pathology, Hygiene and Public Health, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4405-8162
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Agodi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha