title: Structural and functional analyses of bovine and porcine intestinal heparins confirm they are different drugs.
abstract: Anticoagulant heparins are mostly obtained from porcine intestine. Occasionally they are also obtained from bovine intestine. Structural and functional analyses of pharmaceutical-grade heparins from these two sources using multiple methods such as NMR spectroscopy, in vitro and in vivo assays of the anticoagulant, antithrombotic and bleeding effects, complemented by fractionation on anion exchange chromatography, confirm they are different drugs. Although bovine heparin is more heterogeneous and less sulfated, heparins from both sources are overall made of a similar mixture of fractions, however with different proportions. Therefore, high-anticoagulant composites from bovine origin, similar to porcine counterparts, can be properly obtained.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, and Laboratório de Tecido Conjuntivo, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-913, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gustavo R C
authors.initials: GRC
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Programa de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, and Laboratório de Tecido Conjuntivo, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-913, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana M F
authors.initials: AMF
authors.lastname: Tovar
authors.affiliation: Programa de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, and Laboratório de Tecido Conjuntivo, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-913, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nina V M
authors.initials: NVM
authors.lastname: Capillé
authors.affiliation: Programa de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, and Laboratório de Tecido Conjuntivo, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-913, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Programa de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, and Laboratório de Tecido Conjuntivo, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-913, Brazil. Electronic address: pominvh@bioqmed.ufrj.br.
authors.forename: Vitor H
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Pomin
authors.affiliation: Programa de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, and Laboratório de Tecido Conjuntivo, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-913, Brazil. Electronic address: pmourao@hucff.ufrj.br.
authors.forename: Paulo A S
authors.initials: PAS
authors.lastname: Mourão
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002417:Cattle; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced; D006493:Heparin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D013552:Swine; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D006493:Heparin