title: Important role of SUMOylation of Spliceosome factors in prostate cancer cells.
abstract: Sentrin/SUMO (small ubiquitin-like modifier)-specific proteases (SENPs) have been implicated in the development of prostate cancer. However, due to the low abundance of SUMO-modified proteins and high activity of SENPs, the SUMO substrates affected by SENPs in prostate cancer cells are largely unknown. Here, we identified SI2, a novel cell-permeable SENP-specific inhibitor, by high-throughput screening. Using SI2 as a way of inhibiting the activity of SENPs and the SUMO stably transfected PC3 cells as a prostate cancer model, in combination with the stable isotope labeling with amino acids (SILAC) quantitative proteomic technique, we identified more than 900 putative target proteins of SUMO, in which 231 proteins were further subjected to bioinformatic analysis. In the highly enriched spliceosome pathway, we validated that USP39, HSPA1A, and HSPA2 were novel target proteins of SUMO. Furthermore, we demonstrated that K6, K16, K29, K51, and K73 were the SUMOylation sites of USP39. Mutation of these SUMO modification sites of USP39 further promoted the proliferation-enhancing effect of USP39 on prostate cancer cells. This study provides the SUMOproteome of PC3 cells and reveals that SUMOylation of spliceosome factors may be implicated in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer. Optimization of SI2 for isotype-specific SENP inhibitors warrants further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, Chemical Biology Division of Shanghai Universities E-Institutes, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200025, China.
authors.forename: Donghua
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Zhijian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Xinyi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yaoyao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.forename: Hu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: Weiwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Tongdan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Chunmin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Hanzhang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Weiliang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Guoqiang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yingli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D001565:Benzoates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D015153:Blotting, Western; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002401:Cathepsin B / Q000378:metabolism; D002402:Cathepsin D / Q000378:metabolism; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D019295:Computational Biology; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays; D006801:Humans; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007553:Isotope Labeling; D008297:Male; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D040901:Proteomics; D017381:Spliceosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D058207:Sumoylation / Q000502:physiology*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D064570:Ubiquitin-Specific Proteases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001565:Benzoates; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; C490786:HSPA1A protein, human; C091879:HSPA2 protein, human; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D010450:Endopeptidases; C404512:SENP1 protein, human; C579218:USP39 protein, human; D064570:Ubiquitin-Specific Proteases; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D002401:Cathepsin B; D002402:Cathepsin D