title: Expression of cytokines on the iris of patients with neovascular glaucoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the expression levels of cytokines, including growth factors, inflammatory cytokines, and cell migration associated factors on the iris from subjects with neovascular glaucoma (NVG).
  
  
  METHODS
  After receiving formal consent from 12 subjects with NVG secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy and 12 subjects with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), trabeculectomy was performed and iris specimens were collected during the surgery. Each subject with NVG received intravitreal injection of bevacizumab 1 week prior to the surgery. The mRNA level of vascular endothelial growth factor, basic fibroblastic growth factor, placental-induced growth factor, interleukin-2, interleukin 6, tumour necrosis factor α, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and integrin subunit αV were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The mRNA levels were compared between the two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mRNA levels of all inflammatory cytokines and integrin subunit αV were significantly increased in the NVG group compared with POAG controls. However, the mRNA level of growth factors and ICAM-1 did not show any difference between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inflammatory process maybe an important cause of iris neovascularization in subjects with NVG in addition to growth factors alone. Further studies should focus on the effect of growth factors in different phases in the pathogenesis of NVG.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Key Laboratory of Vision Loss and Restoration, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xian-ru
authors.initials: XR
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Heng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Xiao-xin
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ian Y
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D015355:Glaucoma, Neovascular / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D007498:Iris / Q000098:blood supply*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D014130:Trabeculectomy; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D016207:Cytokines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000068258:Bevacizumab
keywords: PCR; cytokines; iris; neovascular glaucoma