title: Clinical significance of phenotyping and karyotyping of circulating tumor cells in patients with advanced gastric cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Karyotyping and phenotyping of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in therapeutic cancer patients is of particular clinical significance in terms of both identifying chemo-resistant CTC subtypes and understanding CTC evolution.
  
  
  METHODS
  The integrated subtraction enrichment (SET) and immunostaining-fluorescence in situ hybridization (iFISH) platform was applied to detect and characterize CTCs in patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Status of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expressing and aneuploidy of chromosome 8 in CTCs enriched from the patients was examined by SET-iFISH following clinical chemotherapy or HER2-targeted therapy. CellSearch system was applied as a reference control.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Phenotyping of CTCs in HER2 positive AGC patients demonstrated that HER2⁺ CTCs could be effectively eliminated in response to HER2-targeted therapy. Karytotyping of CTCs indicated that distinct CTCs with different ploidies of chromosomes 8 in AGC patients correlated to either sensitivity or resistance of paclitaxel or cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Examination of the copy number of chromosome 8 in CTCs provides a potential approach for predicting chemotherapeutic efficacy and monitoring chemo-resistance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Phenotyping and karyotyping of the enriched CTCs upon ploidy of chromosome 8 or HER2 expression is of clinical potential for monitoring chemo-resistance and evaluating therapeutic efficacy for AGC patients.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of GI Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China.
authors.forename: Yilin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of GI Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China.
authors.forename: Xiaotian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of GI Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China.
authors.forename: Sai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of GI Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of GI Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China.
authors.forename: Jifang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of GI Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of GI Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China.
authors.forename: Qiyue
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of GI Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China.
authors.forename: Yanshuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Cytelligen, San Diego, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Daisy Dandan
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Cytelligen, San Diego, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Peter Ping
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of GI Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002898:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007621:Karyotyping; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating / Q000473:pathology*; D010641:Phenotype; D011003:Ploidies; D011379:Prognosis; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; C508053:ERBB2 protein, human