title: Surgeon-specific factors affecting treatment decisions among Canadian urologists in the management of pT1a renal tumours.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The ubiquitous use of diagnostic imaging has resulted in an increased incidental detection of small renal masses (SRM). Patient- and tumour-related factors affect treatment decisions greatly; however, with multiple treatment options available, surgeon-specific characteristics and biases may also influence treatment recommendations. We determine the impact of surgeon-specific factors on treatment decisions in the management of SRM in Canada.
  
  
  METHODS
  An online survey study was conducted among Canadian urologists currently registered with the Canadian Urological Association. The questionnaire collected demographic information and recommended treatments for 6 SRM index cases involving theoretical patients of various ages (51-80 years) and comorbidities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 110 urologists responded (17% response rate) to the survey. Of these, 18% were over 65 years old and 45% were from academic centres. With increasing patient age and comorbidity, active surveillance and thermal ablative therapies were more the recommended treatment. Laparoscopic/robotic surgery was more commonly recommended by academic urologists and those under 65. Recommending surgery (radical nephrectomy or partial nephrectomy) for both elderly (about 80 years old) index patients correlated with surgeon age (surgeons over 65, p < 0.001), surgeons with no oncologic fellowship training (p = 0.021), surgeons with a non-academic practice (p = 0.003), surgeons with a personal history of cancer (p = 0.038) and surgeons with a family history of cancer death in the last 10 years (p = 0.022).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There are various factors that influence the management options offered to patients with SRMs. Our results suggest that surgeon age, personal history of cancer, practice-type and other surgeon-specific variables may affect treatments offered among urologists across Canada.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON.
authors.forename: Alexandra Leora
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Millman
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON.
authors.forename: Kenneth T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Pace
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ordon
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON.
authors.forename: Jason Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lee