title: HUCBCs increase angiopoietin 1 and induce neurorestorative effects after stroke in T1DM rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the neurorestorative effects and underlying mechanisms of stroke treatment with human umbilical cord blood cells (HUCBCs) in Type one diabetes mellitus (T1DM) rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Type one diabetes mellitus rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) and 24 h later were treated with: (1) phosphate-buffered-saline; (2) HUCBCs. Brain endothelial cells (MBECs) were cultured and capillary tube formation was measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Human umbilical cord blood cells treatment significantly improved functional outcome and promoted white matter (WM) remodeling, as identified by Bielschowsky silver, Luxol fast blue and SMI-31 expression, increased oligodendrocyte progenitor cell and oligodendrocyte density after stroke in T1DM rats. HUCBC also promoted vascular remodeling, evident from enhanced vascular and arterial density and increased artery diameter, and decreased blood-brain barrier leakage. HUCBC treatment also increased Angiopoietin-1 and decreased receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) expression compared to T1DM-MCAo control. In vitro analysis of MBECs demonstrated that Ang1 inversely regulated RAGE expression. HUCBC and Ang1 significantly increased capillary tube formation and decreased inflammatory factor expression, while anti-Ang1 attenuated HUCBC-induced tube formation and antiinflammatory effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Human umbilical cord blood cells is an effective neurorestorative therapy in T1DM-MCAo rats and the enhanced vascular and WM remodeling and associated functional recovery after stroke may be attributed to increasing Angiopoietin-1 and decreasing RAGE.
authors.affiliation: Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA; Tianjin Neurological Institute, Neurology of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Poornima
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Venkat
authors.forename: Xinchun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chopp
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zacharek
authors.forename: Ruizhuo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.forename: Yisheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kuzmin-Nichols
authors.forename: Cyndy Davis
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Sanberg
authors.forename: Jieli
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D015087:2',3'-Cyclic-Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases / Q000378:metabolism; D000199:Actins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D042683:Angiopoietin-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000637:transplantation*; D006801:Humans; D007382:Intermediate Filaments / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000378:metabolism; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D042683:Angiopoietin-1; D001786:Blood Glucose; D016207:Cytokines; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D015087:2',3'-Cyclic-Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases
keywords: HUCBC; Neurorestorative therapy; Stroke; T1DM; Vascular remodeling; White matter remodeling