title: The ten advances that have defined modern cardiology.
abstract: Modern cardiology was born early in the twentieth century. Here I list and review what I believe to be the ten most important advances in the twentieth century in this field. They are as follows: electrocardiography, cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis, cardiac catheterization, cardiovascular surgery, coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary angioplasty, the coronary care unit, the development of new cardiovascular drugs, preventive cardiology, cardiac imaging, and implanted cardiac pacemakers/defibrillators.
authors.affiliation: TIMI Study Group, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women׳s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: ebraunwald@partners.org.
authors.forename: Eugene
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Braunwald
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000266:history; D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000266:history / Q000639:trends*; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000266:history / Q000639:trends; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000266:history / Q000639:trends; D002309:Cardiology / Q000266:history / Q000639:trends*; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000266:history / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000266:history / Q000639:trends; D003325:Coronary Care Units / Q000266:history / Q000639:trends; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000266:history / Q000639:trends; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000266:history; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / Q000266:history / Q000639:trends; D011314:Preventive Health Services / Q000266:history / Q000639:trends
chemical_list: D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D002784:Cholesterol