title: Antibacterial effect of dental adhesive containing dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate on the development of Streptococcus mutans biofilm.
abstract: Antibacterial bonding agents and composites containing dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate (DMADDM) have been recently developed. The objectives of this study were to investigate the antibacterial effect of novel adhesives containing different mass fractions of DMADDM on Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) biofilm at different developmental stages. Different mass fractions of DMADDM were incorporated into adhesives and S. mutans biofilm at different developmetal stages were analyzed by MTT assays, lactic acid measurement, confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy observations. Exopolysaccharides (EPS) staining was used to analyze the inhibitory effect of DMADDM on the biofilm extracellular matrix. Dentin microtensile strengths were also measured. Cured adhesives containing DMADDM could greatly reduce metabolic activity and lactic acid production during the development of S. mutans biofilms (p < 0.05). In earlier stages of biofilm development, there were no significant differences of inhibitory effects between the 2.5% DMADDM and 5% DMADDM group. However, after 72 h, the anti-biofilm effects of adhesives containing 5% DMADDM were significantly stronger than any other group. Incorporation of DMADDM into adhesive did not adversely affect dentin bond strength. In conclusion, adhesives containing DMADDM inhibited the growth, lactic acid production and EPS metabolism of S. mutans biofilm at different stages, with no adverse effect on its dentin adhesive bond strength. The bonding agents have the potential to control dental biofilms and combat tooth decay, and DMADDM is promising for use in a wide range of dental adhesive systems and restoratives.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China. wangsupingdent@163.com.
authors.forename: Suping
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China. zalmancoco@163.com.
authors.forename: Keke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China. zhouxd@scu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xuedong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China. xuning880804@126.com.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. Hxu@umaryland.edu.
authors.forename: Hockin H K
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. MWeir@umaryland.edu.
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Weir
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China. yamy111@163.com.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China. wangsupingdent@163.com.
authors.forename: Shida
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China. limingyun@scu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Mingyun
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China. liyuqing13@163.com.
authors.forename: Yuqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China. nixux1982@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China. chenglei@scu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003804:Dentin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013718:Tensile Strength
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003738:Dental Cements; D008689:Methacrylates; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; C586974:dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate