title: Identification and antifungal activity of novel organic compounds found in cuticular and internal lipids of medically important flies.
abstract: Novel organic compounds found in the cuticular and internal lipids of medically important flies were identified. Uracil, 9-tricosene, 1-oleoyl glycerol, dimethyl suberate and butyl stearate were tested for their potential antifungal activity. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of the compounds against reference strains of fungi were determined. Uracil and dimethyl suberate slightly inhibited the growth of entomopathogenic fungi. The cuticular and internal lipids of Calliphora vicina, Calliphora vomitoria, Sarcophaga carnaria and Musca domestica were studied by gas chromatography (GC) combined with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). A comparison of the lipid extracts between the preimaginal and mature stages showed adults flies contained a higher total content of the identified components. Furthermore, their amounts distinctly predominated in the internal lipids of all the species. The amount of 9-tricosene was the highest in adults of C. vicina, while the larvae and pupae had a definitively lower amount of this compound. Uracil was found to be the most abundant component in extracts obtained from C. vomitoria especially in the internal lipids of adults. 1-oleoyl glycerol was detected in all of the examined species of flies. It was most abundant in the internal extracts isolated from the larvae of C. vicina and the pupae of C. vomitoria. Suberic acid dimethyl ester was found in the larval and pupal internal lipids of C. vicina and S. carnaria in low amounts. Butyl stearate was identified only in the internal lipids of the larvae and adults of houseflies.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Natural Product Analysis, Department of Environmental Analysis, Institute for Environmental and Human Health Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland. Electronic address: marek.golebiowski@ug.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gołębiowski
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Natural Product Analysis, Department of Environmental Analysis, Institute for Environmental and Human Health Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cerkowniak
authors.affiliation: Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Parasitology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Urbanek
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dawgul
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland.
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kamysz
authors.affiliation: Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Mieczysława I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Boguś
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Natural Product Analysis, Department of Environmental Analysis, Institute for Environmental and Human Health Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stepnowski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004175:Diptera / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D008055:Lipids; D009930:Organic Chemicals
keywords: 1-Oleoyl glycerol; 9-Tricosene; Butyl stearate; Dimethyl suberate; Uracil