title: Tissue deposition and residue depletion in rainbow trout following continuous voluntary feeding with various levels of melamine or a blend of melamine and cyanuric acid.
abstract: This study determined the deposition and depletion in rainbow trout after continuous administration of melamine (MEL) alone or a blend of MEL and cyanuric acid (CYA). The plasma, muscles, kidneys, liver and gills were sampled at 0, 3, 7, 13, 21, 28 and 42d. After the final sampling at 42d, fish from the MEL0.05, MEL20 and MCA groups were fed the control diet (MEL0) for the depletion test. Co-administration with cyanuric acid accelerated the deposition time to the Css for melamine; during the withdrawal phrase, the melamine and CYA concentrations in the tissues decreased exponentially. Compared to the t(½) for single oral administration, the t(½) for melamine and cyanuric acid after 42d continuous feeding was prolonged. The presence of trace CYA in the plasma and kidneys of trout was detected in the MEL20 group, indicating that MEL can convert into CYA in rainbow trout.
authors.affiliation: National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Station, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China.
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Station, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China. Electronic address: xuemin@caas.cn.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Station, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Station, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiufeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Station, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yinhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Station, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Junguo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Station, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China; Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yuchang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qin
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D017756:Aquaculture; D001711:Biotransformation; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005880:Gills / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006207:Half-Life; D007668:Kidney / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss / Q000097:blood / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D011897:Random Allocation; D017747:Seafood / Q000032:analysis*; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014227:Triazines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D014227:Triazines; C004632:cyanuric acid; C011907:melamine
keywords: Continuous voluntary feeding; Cyanuric acid; Depletion; Deposition; Melamine; Rainbow trout