title: Interatrial differences of basal molecular set-up and changes in tachycardia-induced heart failure-a proteomic profiling study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Left and right atria show compelling differences regarding organogenesis and specific clinical diseases. In congestive heart failure (CHF), remodelling of the atria occurs leading to increased arrhythmogenic susceptibility and deterioration of clinical symptoms. We aimed to assess the basal left and right atrial molecular set-up and different chamber-specific atrial changes in heart failure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We combined an animal model of rapid ventricular pacing induced heart failure in the rabbit and a gel-based proteomic screening of left and right atrial specimen. A gene ontology over-representation analysis was performed for biological function. Ultrastructural adaptations were evaluated using transmission electron microscopy. Comparing left and right atria of healthy control animals (CTRL), 39 proteins displayed significant expression differences involving various biological functions. Upon further statistical analyses, four pathways of energy metabolism were confirmed to be significantly over-represented beneath the other biological processes. Rapid ventricular pacing induced severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction, symptomatic heart failure and a macroscopic atrial remodelling. In CHF versus CTRL, metabolic and antioxidative enzymes were differentially expressed and showed chamber-specific bidirectional alterations. Transmission electron microscopy visualized a remarkable and again chamber-specific ultrastructural disturbance of mitochondrial morphology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data indicate a diverging basal left and right atrial molecular set-up in the adult healthy heart. In addition, metabolic and antioxidative enzymes are profoundly and chamber-specifically altered during atrial remodelling in progressive heart failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg; Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dietl
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Winkel
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Deutzmann
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schröder
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hupf
authors.forename: Günter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Riegger
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Luchner
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Birner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D064752:Atrial Remodeling; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D020543:Proteome / Q000378:metabolism*; D040901:Proteomics; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D020543:Proteome
keywords: Atrial remodelling; Energetics; Heart failure; Interatrial differences; Proteomics