title: Evaluation of fluorescent stains for visualizing extracellular DNA in biofilms.
abstract: Here we determine an optimal technique for the visualization of extracellular DNA in bacterial biofilms using the fluorescent eDNA stain TOTO-1 and the counterstain SYTO 60. This technique allows for more sensitive eDNA visualization than other fluorescent staining methods currently in use.
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. Electronic address: mira@inano.au.dk.
authors.forename: Mira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okshevsky
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. Electronic address: rikke.meyer@inano.au.dk.
authors.forename: Rikke Louise
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Meyer
mesh_terms: D018441:Biofilms; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000378:metabolism*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes
keywords: Biofilm; Extracellular DNA; Fluorescent staining; Imaging; eDNA