title: Assessment of HIV testing among young methamphetamine users in Muse, Northern Shan State, Myanmar.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Methamphetamine (MA) use has a strong correlation with risky sexual behaviors, and thus may be triggering the growing HIV epidemic in Myanmar. Although methamphetamine use is a serious public health concern, only a few studies have examined HIV testing among young drug users. This study aimed to examine how predisposing, enabling and need factors affect HIV testing among young MA users.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2013 in Muse city in the Northern Shan State of Myanmar. Using a respondent-driven sampling method, 776 MA users aged 18-24 years were recruited. The main outcome of interest was whether participants had ever been tested for HIV. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression were applied in this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Approximately 14.7% of young MA users had ever been tested for HIV. Significant positive predictors of HIV testing included predisposing factors such as being a female MA user, having had higher education, and currently living with one's spouse/sexual partner. Significant enabling factors included being employed and having ever visited NGO clinics or met NGO workers. Significant need factors were having ever been diagnosed with an STI and having ever wanted to receive help to stop drug use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Predisposing, enabling and need factors were significant contributors affecting uptake of HIV testing among young MA users. Integrating HIV testing into STI treatment programs, alongside general expansion of HIV testing services may be effective in increasing HIV testing uptake among young MA users.
authors.affiliation: Women Leaders Program to Promote Well-being in Asia, School of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 1-1-20, Daiko-minami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan. sawyumon@met.nagoya-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yu Mon
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Saw
authors.forename: Krishna C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Poudel
authors.forename: Nang Pann Ei
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Kham
authors.forename: Nyein
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Jessica E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Cope
authors.forename: Kyi Mar
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Wai
authors.forename: Soe
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tun
authors.forename: Thu Nandar
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Saw
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015259:Dopamine Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D055030:Drug Users; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008694:Methamphetamine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002052:Myanmar / Q000453:epidemiology; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015259:Dopamine Agents; D008694:Methamphetamine