title: Biomechanical deficiencies in women with semitendinosus-gracilis anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction during drop jumps.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare landing mechanics and neuromuscular recruitment strategies between women with semitendinosus-gracilis anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (SG-ACLr) and noninjured women during double- and single-legged drop jumps.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional biomechanical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Single university-based biomechanics laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen women 1-5 years post-SG-ACLr and 16 noninjured women participated in this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  After anthropometric measurements, warm-up, and familiarization procedures, participants performed 5 trials of a double- and single-legged drop jumps.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dynamic knee valgus was measured as the distance between knee joints during the landing phase of the double-leg drop jumps. Medial knee displacement was the outcome considered during the landing phase of the single-leg drop jumps. For both drop jump tasks, neuromuscular recruitment was evaluated through rectified normalized electromyographic activity of the quadriceps and hamstrings (amplitude and latency), and quadriceps/hamstrings electromyographic co-contraction ratio.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although the SG-ACLr group demonstrated a tendency toward a greater dynamic knee valgus during both drop jumps, these differences did not reach statistical significance. EMG data revealed different neuromuscular strategies for each group, depending on the specific jump.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that women with SG-ACLr have a tendency toward greater dynamic knee valgus that could predispose to additional knee injuries. Rehabilitation specialists need to be aware of existing kinematic and neuromuscular deficiencies years after SG-ACLr. Taking this into consideration will aid in prescribing appropriate interventions designed to prevent re-injury.
authors.affiliation: School of Physical Therapy, Texas Woman's University, 6700 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030(∗). Electronic address: aortiz10@twu.edu.
authors.forename: Alexis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ortiz
authors.affiliation: Interdepartamental Neuroscience Program, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL(†).
authors.forename: Carmen E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Capo-Lugo
authors.affiliation: Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Texas, Houston, TX(‡).
authors.forename: Heidi L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Venegas-Rios
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D059549:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction; D000886:Anthropometry; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology*