title: Long-term functional improvements in the 2-year treatment of schizophrenia outpatients with olanzapine long-acting injection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little is known about the long-term changes in the functioning of schizophrenia patients receiving maintenance therapy with olanzapine long-acting injection (LAI), and whether observed changes differ from those seen with oral olanzapine.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study describes changes in the levels of functioning among outpatients with schizophrenia treated with olanzapine-LAI compared with oral olanzapine over 2 years. This was a secondary analysis of data from a multicenter, randomized, open-label, 2-year study comparing the long-term treatment effectiveness of monthly olanzapine-LAI (405 mg/4 weeks; n=264) with daily oral olanzapine (10 mg/day; n=260). Levels of functioning were assessed with the Heinrichs-Carpenter Quality of Life Scale. Functional status was also classified as "good", "moderate", or "poor", using a previous data-driven approach. Changes in functional levels were assessed with McNemar's test and comparisons between olanzapine-LAI and oral olanzapine employed the Student's t-test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Over the 2-year study, the patients treated with olanzapine-LAI improved their level of functioning (per Quality of Life total score) from 64.0-70.8 (P<0.001). Patients on oral olanzapine also increased their level of functioning from 62.1-70.1 (P<0.001). At baseline, 19.2% of the olanzapine-LAI-treated patients had a "good" level of functioning, which increased to 27.5% (P<0.05). The figures for oral olanzapine were 14.2% and 24.5%, respectively (P<0.001). Results did not significantly differ between olanzapine-LAI and oral olanzapine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this 2-year, open-label, randomized study of olanzapine-LAI, outpatients with schizophrenia maintained or improved their favorable baseline level of functioning over time. Results did not significantly differ between olanzapine-LAI and oral olanzapine.
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Haya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ascher-Svanum
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company, Windlesham, Surrey, UK ; Departament de Psiquiatria, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Novick
authors.affiliation: Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el Área de Salud Mental, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Josep Maria
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Haro
authors.affiliation: Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el Área de Salud Mental, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Jordan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bertsch
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McDonnell
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Holland
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Detke
keywords: antipsychotics; functioning; olanzapine long-acting injection; quality of life; schizophrenia