title: Neurocognitive changes and their neural correlates in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: As the prevalence and life expectancy of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) continue to increase, the importance of effective detection and intervention for the complications of T2DM, especially neurocognitive complications including cognitive dysfunction and dementia, is receiving greater attention. T2DM is thought to influence cognitive function through an as yet unclear mechanism that involves multiple factors such as hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, and vascular disease. Recent developments in neuroimaging methods have led to the identification of potential neural correlates of T2DM-related neurocognitive changes, which extend from structural to functional and metabolite alterations in the brain. The evidence indicates various changes in the T2DM brain, including global and regional atrophy, white matter hyperintensity, altered functional connectivity, and changes in neurometabolite levels. Continued neuroimaging research is expected to further elucidate the underpinnings of cognitive decline in T2DM and allow better diagnosis and treatment of the condition.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea. ; Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Junghyun H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea. ; Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yera
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea. ; Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Chansoo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jun
authors.affiliation: Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea. ; Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Sun
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea. ; Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Han Byul
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea. ; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jieun E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea. ; Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: In Kyoon
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Lyoo
keywords: Cognition disorders; Dementia; Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Hyperglycemia; Hypoglycemia; Magnetic resonance imaging; Magnetic resonance spectroscopy