title: Detection of adulteration in mulberry pekmez samples added various sugar syrups with ¹³C/¹²C isotope ratio analysis method.
abstract: Mulberry pekmez can be adulterated in different ways either during the production process or after production is completed. To identify these adulterations, stable carbon isotope ratio analysis (SCIRA) was performed on the model examples prepared by adding saccharose syrup (SS), glucose syrup (GS) and high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) into two different pure mulberry pekmez samples in the ratios of 0%, 10%, 30% and 50%. The δ(13)C ratio of the pure mulberry pekmez was determined as -26.60‰ on average, the saccharose syrup as -24.80‰, the glucose syrup as -11.20‰ and the high-fructose corn syrup as -11.40‰. In identifying the adulteration made to pekmez, especially with the high-fructose corn syrup, which is obtained from corn starch, and with the glucose syrup, the δ(13)C ratio comes into prominence. However it remains impossible identify the adulterations made with the saccharose, which is obtained from beet sugar, or invert sugar syrups.
authors.affiliation: Ataturk University, Oltu Vocational School, Department of Food Technology, Oltu, TR-25400 Erzurum, Turkey. Electronic address: murattosun73@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tosun
mesh_terms: D027461:Beta vulgaris / Q000737:chemistry; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis*; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis; D002247:Carbon Isotopes / Q000032:analysis*; D004340:Drug Contamination; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D005632:Fructose / Q000032:analysis; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D031625:Morus / Q000737:chemistry*; D013395:Sucrose / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D005632:Fructose; D013395:Sucrose; D002244:Carbon; C008133:invert sugar; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Adulteration; Beet sugar; Carbon isotope ratio ((13)C/(12)C); EA-IRMS; Mulberry pekmez