title: Probiotic Properties of Lactobacillus crispatus 2,029: Homeostatic Interaction with Cervicovaginal Epithelial Cells and Antagonistic Activity to Genitourinary Pathogens.
abstract: Lactobacillus crispatus 2029 isolated upon investigation of vaginal lactobacilli of healthy women of reproductive age was selected as a probiotic candidate. The aim of the present study was elucidation of the role of L. crispatus 2029 in resistance of the female reproductive tract to genitourinary pathogens using cervicovaginal epithelial model. Lactobacillus crispatus 2029 has surface layers (S-layers), which completely surround cells as the outermost component of their envelope. S-layers are responsible for the adhesion of lactobacilli on the surface of cervicovaginal epithelial cells. Study of interactions between L. crispatus 2029 and a type IV collagen, a major molecular component of epithelial cell extracellular matrix, showed that 125I-labeled type IV collagen binds to lactobacilli with high affinity (Kd = (8.0 ± 0.7) × 10(-10) M). Lactobacillus crispatus 2029 consistently colonized epithelial cells. There were no toxicity, epithelial damage and apoptosis after 24 h of colonization. Electronic microscope images demonstrated intimate association between L. crispatus 2029 and epithelial cells. Upon binding to epithelial cells, lactobacilli were recognized by toll-like 2/6 receptors. Lactobacillus crispatus induced NF-κB activation in epithelial cells and did not induce expression of innate immunity mediators IL-8, IL-1β, IL-1α and TNF-α. Lactobacillus crispatus 2029 inhibited IL-8 production in epithelial cells induced by MALP-2 and increased production of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-6, maintaining the homeostasis of female reproductive tract. Lactobacillus crispatus 2029 produced H2O2 and provided wide spectrum of antagonistic activity increasing colonization resistance to urinary tract infections by bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis associated agents.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Immunological Engineering, Lyubuchany, 142380, Russia.
authors.forename: Vyacheslav
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Abramov
authors.forename: Valentin
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Khlebnikov
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kosarev
authors.forename: Guldana
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bairamova
authors.forename: Raisa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vasilenko
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Suzina
authors.forename: Andrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Machulin
authors.forename: Vadim
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sakulin
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kulikova
authors.forename: Nadezhda
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vasilenko
authors.forename: Andrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karlyshev
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Uversky
authors.forename: Michael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Chikindas
authors.forename: Vyacheslav
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Melnikov
mesh_terms: D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000276:immunology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D019936:Probiotics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014621:Vagina / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D016328:NF-kappa B; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide