title: Stimulation of gene expression and activity of antioxidant related enzyme in Sprague Dawley rat kidney induced by long-term iron toxicity.
abstract: The trace elements such as iron are vital for various enzyme activities and for other cellular proteins, but iron toxicity causes the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that causes alterations in morphology and function of the nephron. The present study was designed to determine the effect of long-term iron overload on the renal antioxidant system and to determine any possible correlation between enzymatic and molecular levels. Our data showed that reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, which is a marker for oxidative stress, strikingly decreased with a long-term iron overload in rat kidney. While renal mRNA levels of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6pd), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6pgd) and glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) were significantly affected in the presence of ferric iron, no changes were seen for glutathione reductase (Gsr) and glutathione S-transferases (Gst). While the iron affected the enzymatic activity of G6PD, GSR, GST, and GPX, it had no significant effect on 6PGD activity in the rat kidney. In conclusion, we reported here that the gene expression of G6pd, 6pgd, Gsr, Gpx, and Gst did not correlate to enzyme activity, and the actual effect of long-term iron overload on renal antioxidant system is observed at protein level. Furthermore, the influence of iron on the renal antioxidant system is different from its effect on the hepatic antioxidant system.
authors.affiliation: Atatürk University, Science Faculty, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey. Electronic address: hbudak@atauni.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Harun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Budak
authors.affiliation: Atatürk University, Science Faculty, Department of Chemistry, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: Enver Fehim
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Kocpinar
authors.affiliation: Atatürk University, Science Faculty, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nurdan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gonul
authors.affiliation: Atatürk University, Science Faculty, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ceylan
authors.affiliation: Atatürk University, Faculty of Veterinary, Department of Biochemistry, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: Huseyin Serkan
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Erol
authors.affiliation: Atatürk University, Science Faculty, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: Orhan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Erdogan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002712:Chlorides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000506:poisoning*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000506:poisoning*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019190:Iron Overload / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010734:Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000506:poisoning*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002712:Chlorides; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D010734:Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione; C024555:ferric chloride
keywords: Antioxidant enzymes; Enzyme activity; Iron overload; Kidney; mRNA expression