title: Alleviation of capsular formations on silicone implants in rats using biomembrane-mimicking coatings.
abstract: Despite their popular use in breast augmentation and reconstruction surgeries, the limited biocompatibility of silicone implants can induce severe side effects, including capsular contracture - an excessive foreign body reaction that forms a tight and hard fibrous capsule around the implant. This study examines the effects of using biomembrane-mimicking surface coatings to prevent capsular formations on silicone implants. The covalently attached biomembrane-mimicking polymer, poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (PMPC), prevented nonspecific protein adsorption and fibroblast adhesion on the silicone surface. More importantly, in vivo capsule formations around PMPC-grafted silicone implants in rats were significantly thinner and exhibited lower collagen densities and more regular collagen alignments than bare silicone implants. The observed decrease in α-smooth muscle actin also supported the alleviation of capsular formations by the biomembrane-mimicking coating. Decreases in inflammation-related cells, myeloperoxidase and transforming growth factor-β resulted in reduced inflammation in the capsular tissue. The biomembrane-mimicking coatings used on these silicone implants demonstrate great potential for preventing capsular contracture and developing biocompatible materials for various biomedical applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, 5 Gil 20, Boramae-ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-707, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Ung
authors.initials: JU
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jiyeon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ham
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sukwha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Materials, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
authors.forename: Ji-Hun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, 56 Dalseong-ro, Jung-Gu, Daegu 700-712, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Hyon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seonju
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hye Jeong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Min
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sunghyun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ra Mi
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Heejin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatics, Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, 5 Gil 20, Boramae-ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-707, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sohee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbook-do 712-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji An
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hur
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: psthchoi@snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Tae Hyun
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: gacn@snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000818:Animals; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D018427:Breast Implants; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D008422:Materials Testing; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D051379:Mice; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D010767:Phosphorylcholine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012828:Silicones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D010767:Phosphorylcholine; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; D012828:Silicones; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C544013:alpha-smooth muscle actin, mouse; C115766:poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl-phosphorylcholine); C498862:Acta2 protein, rat
keywords: Capsular contracture; Foreign body reaction; Phosphorylcholine; Silicone; Surface modification