title: Dysfunctional cortical inhibition in adult ADHD: neural correlates in auditory event-related potentials.
abstract: In recent times, the relevance of an accurate diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults has been the focus of several studies. No longer considered a pathology exclusive to children and adolescents, and taking into account its social implications, developing enhanced support tools for the current diagnostic procedure becomes a priority. Here we present a method for the objective assessment of ADHD in adults using chirp-evoked, paired auditory late responses (ALRs) combined with a two-dimensional ALR denoising scheme to extract correlates of intracortical inhibition. Our method allows for an effective single-sweep denoising, thus requiring less trials to obtain recognizable physiological features, useful as pointers of cortical impairment. Results allow an optimized diagnosis, reduction of data loss and acquisition time; moreover, they do not account exclusively for critical elements within clinical evaluations, but also allow studying the pathophysiology of the condition by providing objective information regarding impaired cortical functions.
authors.affiliation: Systems Neuroscience & Neurotechnology Unit, Saarland University, Faculty of Medicine, Neurocenter, Building 90.5, D-66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany; Saarland University of Applied Sciences, School of Engineering, Technikum, D-66117 Saarbrücken, Germany.
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Schubert
authors.affiliation: Systems Neuroscience & Neurotechnology Unit, Saarland University, Faculty of Medicine, Neurocenter, Building 90.5, D-66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany; Saarland University of Applied Sciences, School of Engineering, Technikum, D-66117 Saarbrücken, Germany.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Trejo
authors.affiliation: Institute for Forensic Psychology and Psychiatry, Neurocenter, Saarland University Hospital, Building 90.3, D-66424 Homburg/Saar, Germany; Forensic Psychiatry & Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Retz
authors.affiliation: Institute for Forensic Psychology and Psychiatry, Neurocenter, Saarland University Hospital, Building 90.3, D-66424 Homburg/Saar, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rösler
authors.affiliation: Systems Neuroscience & Neurotechnology Unit, Saarland University, Faculty of Medicine, Neurocenter, Building 90.5, D-66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany; Saarland University of Applied Sciences, School of Engineering, Technikum, D-66117 Saarbrücken, Germany; Key Numerics - Medical Engineering, D-66129 Saarbrücken, Germany.
authors.forename: F I
authors.initials: FI
authors.lastname: Corona-Strauss
authors.affiliation: Mathematical Image Processing and Data Analysis, Technical University Kaiserslautern, Felix Klein Center, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Steidl
authors.affiliation: Mathematical Image Processing and Data Analysis, Technical University Kaiserslautern, Felix Klein Center, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Teuber
authors.affiliation: Systems Neuroscience & Neurotechnology Unit, Saarland University, Faculty of Medicine, Neurocenter, Building 90.5, D-66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany; Saarland University of Applied Sciences, School of Engineering, Technikum, D-66117 Saarbrücken, Germany; Leibniz-Institut for New Materials, Campus D2 2, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; Key Numerics - Medical Engineering, D-66129 Saarbrücken, Germany. Electronic address: daniel.strauss@uni-saarland.de.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Strauss
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D000328:Adult; D016477:Artifacts; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001307:Auditory Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009433:Neural Inhibition / Q000502:physiology*; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Attention deficit; Denoising; Event-related potentials; Non-local means