title: Endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke: an Indian experience from a tertiary care center.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In India, late presentation due to poor awareness about stroke precludes intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). Endovascular therapy can be used in these circumstances. We present our experience of endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke in a tertiary care center.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke in a tertiary care center in India. SETTINGS, DESIGN, MATERIALS, AND METHODS: The study period was from 2009 till 2013. Consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke, who either had contraindications to IVT or had failed IVT, underwent endovascular treatment. Before the publication of interventional management of stroke 3 results, we took a few patients, with large vessel occlusions, directly for endovascular treatment. After imaging, patients were considered for endovascular treatment, using either intra-arterial thrombolysis or mechanical thrombectomy, if there was a documented large vessel occlusion. Outcome was assessed at 3 months using the modified Rankin Scale.
  
  
  METHODS
  Statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 17.0 software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 45 patients underwent endovascular treatment. The mean age at presentation was 49 years, median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was 19 and the most common site was the middle cerebral artery (23 patients). Solitaire™ stentriever was used in 33 patients. The median pre-procedure Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) score was 0 and the median post-procedure TIMI score was 3. Nine patients underwent decompressive craniectomy. On follow-up at 3 months, the median Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was 0. Eight patients died during 3 months following stroke.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke is a viable treatment option in patients who either have contraindications to IVT or who fail IVT.
authors.affiliation: Division of Interventional Neurology and Stroke, Narayana Institute of Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Vikram
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Huded
authors.forename: Rithesh R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.forename: Romnesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.forename: Devashish D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Vyas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000601:surgery*; D057510:Endovascular Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020521:Stroke / Q000601:surgery*; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers; D016896:Treatment Outcome