title: Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease mimicking malignant lymphoma with 2-[(18)F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose PET/CT in children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a benign disease, which is characterized by a cervical lymphadenopathy with fever, and it often mimics malignant lymphoma (ML). 2-[(18)F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ((18)F-FDG PET/CT) is a powerful imaging modality for the diagnosis, staging and monitoring of ML, with the limitations including the nonspecific FDG uptake in infectious or inflammatory processes. This study compared clinical manifestations and PET/CT findings between KFD and ML patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 23 patients with KFD and 33 patients with ML, diagnosed histopathologically, between January 2000 and May 2013 at the Department of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University Medical Center. Among them, we analyzed the clinical manifestations, laboratory findings and characteristics, and the amount of (18)F-FDG uptake between 8 KFD and 9 ML patients who had (18)F-FDG PET/CT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The (18)F-FDG PET/CT maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) ranged from 8.3 to 22.5 (mean, 12.0) in KFDs, and from 5.8 to 34.3 (mean, 15.9) in MLs. There were no significant differences in SUVmax between KFDs and MLs. (18)F-FDG PET/CT with ML patients showed hot uptakes in the extranodal organs, such as bone marrow, small bowel, thymus, kidney, orbit and pleura. However, none of the KFD cases showed extranodal uptake (P<0.001). (18)F-FDG PET/CT findings of KFD with nodal involvement only were indistinguishable from those of ML.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients who had extranodal involvement on PET/CT were more likely to have malignancy than KFD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Kyung
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Soon Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Kwang Hae
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Hwan
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong Ok
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Hah
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Pathology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Joon Hyuk
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Jung
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Ihn Ho
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Cho
keywords: Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease; Lymphoma; Positron emission tomography