title: Internal compared with external drainage of pancreatic duct during pancreaticoduodenectomy: a retrospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare internal with external drainage of the pancreatic duct during pancreaticoduodenectomy with regard to the incidence of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) and other complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively analyzed 316 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy with a placed drainage tube (external, n=128; internal, n=188) in the pancreatic duct from 1 January 1999 to 31 December 2011 in Tianjin Third Central Hospital of China. The incidence of POPF and some other complications were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no difference in the incidence rates of POPF between those given an internal or external drainage tube (P=0.788), but POPF was more severe in the former (P=0.014). Intraperitoneal bleeding rate was also higher in the patients with internal drainage (P=0.040), but operative time and postoperative hospitalization were longer in those with external drainage (P=0.002 and P=0.007, respectively). There was no difference between the groups with regard to the incidence rates of gastrointestinal bleeding, delayed gastric emptying, pulmonary infection, or incision infection and in-hospital mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  External drainage of the pancreatic duct during pancreaticoduodenectomy can decrease the severity of POPF, but operative time and postoperative hospitalization will be extended.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin Hepatobiliary Research Institute, Tianjin 300170, China ; 2 Department of Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Guangxing
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin Hepatobiliary Research Institute, Tianjin 300170, China ; 2 Department of Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Qianzhe
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin Hepatobiliary Research Institute, Tianjin 300170, China ; 2 Department of Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin Hepatobiliary Research Institute, Tianjin 300170, China ; 2 Department of Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Zhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin Hepatobiliary Research Institute, Tianjin 300170, China ; 2 Department of Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Yijun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin Hepatobiliary Research Institute, Tianjin 300170, China ; 2 Department of Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Meng
keywords: Pancreatic fistula; drainage; pancreatic duct; pancreaticoduodenectomy