title: Effect of chlorocholine chlorid on phenolic acids accumulation and polyphenols formation of buckwheat plants.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Effect of chlorocholine chloride (CCC) on phenolic acids composition and polyphenols accumulation in various anatomical parts (stems, leaves and inflorescences) of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) in the early stages of vegetation period were surveyed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment of buckwheat seeds with 2% of CCC has been increased content of total phenolics in the stems, leaves and inflorescences. On analyzing the different parts of buckwheat plants, 9 different phenolic acids - vanilic acid, ferulic acid, trans-ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, salycilic acid, cinamic acid, p-coumaric acid, p-anisic acid, methoxycinamic acid and catechins were identified. The levels of identified phenolic acids varied not only significantly among the plant organs but also between early stages of vegetation period. Same changes as in contents of chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, trans-ferulic acid were found for content of salycilic acid. The content of these phenolic acids has been significant increased under effect of 2% CCC treatment at the phase I (formation of buds) in the stems and at the phase II (beginning of flowering) in the leaves and then inflorescences respectively. The content of catechins as potential buckwheat antioxidants has been increased at the early stages of vegetation period after treatment with 2% CCC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The obtained results suggest that influence of CCC on the phenolics composition can be a result of various mechanisms of CCC uptake, transforming and/or its translocation in the buckwheat seedlings.
authors.forename: Oksana
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sytar
authors.forename: Asel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Borankulova
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hemmerich
authors.forename: Cornelia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rauh
authors.forename: Iryna
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Smetanska
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D002392:Catechin / Q000032:analysis; D002716:Chlormequat / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003373:Coumaric Acids / Q000032:analysis; D019612:Fagopyrum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D062425:Hydroxybenzoate Ethers / Q000032:analysis; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D056626:Inflorescence / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008982:Molybdenum; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011422:Propionates; D012639:Seeds / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D017973:Tungsten Compounds
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D003373:Coumaric Acids; C029556:Folin's phenol reagent; D062425:Hydroxybenzoate Ethers; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D059808:Polyphenols; D011422:Propionates; D017973:Tungsten Compounds; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid; C004520:4-anisic acid; D008982:Molybdenum; D002392:Catechin; D002716:Chlormequat; C004999:ferulic acid; C017616:phenolic acid; C495469:p-coumaric acid