title: Preliminary phytochemical screening, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Euphorbia milli.
abstract: Euphorbia milii is a Pakistani herb used for various infectious diseases. In this study we have carried out phytochemical, antibacterial and antioxidant investigation of different extracts/fractions. Phytochemical studies showed the presence of cardiac glycosides, steroids/phytosterols, anthocyanin, proteins, terpenoids, flavonoids and tannins. Susceptibility testing by well diffusion assay of its chloroform and methanol fractions revealed good antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumonia and Staph epidermis. Ethyl acetate fraction of roots also exhibited considerable antimicrobial activity against most of tested pathogens. Various fractions (Hexane, chloroform, methanol and water) of E. milii were screen for their antioxidant potential using DPPH radical scavenging assay at different concentrations among these, chloroform fraction exhibited good scavenging activity. The IR spectroscopy of the various extracts/fractions indicated the presence of OH, saturated CH stretching, C=C, C=O, NO2, C-N, Ar-O, C-O- and R-O-Stretching respectively. The findings provide helpful evidence for the use of E. milii in traditional medicines.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemical Sciences, Center of Phytomedicine and Medicinal Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Abdur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rauf
authors.affiliation: HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Ajmal
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence in Marine Biology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan / Batterje Medical College for Science & Technology, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Nizam
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Uddin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemical Sciences, Center of Phytomedicine and Medicinal Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan / PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akram
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemical Sciences, Center of Phytomedicine and Medicinal Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arfan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemical Sciences, Center of Phytomedicine and Medicinal Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Ghias
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Uddin
authors.affiliation: PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Qaisar
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D028481:Euphorbia / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts