title: In situ cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, IL-12, IFN-γ) and chemokines (MCP-1, MIP-1α) gene expression in human Leishmania (Leishmania) Mexicana infection.
abstract: Crucial to the defense against Leishmania is the ability of the host to mount a cell-mediated immune response capable of controlling and/or eliminating the parasite. The composition of the cell populations recruited in the early phase of the infection seems to be essential for defining the infection outcomes. The signals that initiate and regulate the early immune response and local accumulation of cell subsets in the skin are poorly understood. We previously studied the in situ expression of cytokine genes in patients with localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) mexicana. In the present study we examined in situ cytokine (IL-4, IL-10, IL-12, IFN-γ) and chemokine (MCP-1, MIP-1α) gene expression in L. (L.) mexicana active LCL lesions, and in the delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin response to Leishmania antigen in subjects with healed lesion and subclinical infection. Data regarding cytokines were similar to previous studies in patients with active LCL. There were no significant differences in the profile of cytokine and chemokine gene expression in DTH from subjects with healed or subclinical infection. IL-12 gene expression detected in both groups was similar. High expression of MCP-1 was detected in all patients with active LCL. There was no difference in the level of MCP-1 expression between the healed lesion and the subclinical infection groups (p = 0.876). IL-12 and MCP-1 in the absence of IFN-γ might be playing a crucial role in infection outcomes at skin level.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mexico. Electronic address: vpacheco@uady.mx.
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Valencia-Pacheco
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mexico. Electronic address: nalleli.cervera@uady.mx.
authors.forename: Elsy Nalleli
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Loría-Cervera
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mexico. Electronic address: erikasosa@uady.mx.
authors.forename: Erika Ivett
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Sosa-Bibiano
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mexico. Electronic address: elsy.canche@uady.mx.
authors.forename: Elsy B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Canché-Pool
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mexico. Electronic address: gonzalez@uady.mx.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vargas-Gonzalez
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA. Electronic address: pcmelby@utmb.edu.
authors.forename: Peter C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Melby
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mexico. Electronic address: anarvaez@uady.mx.
authors.forename: Fernando J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Andrade-Narvaez
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed / Q000276:immunology*; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000276:immunology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D007894:Leishmania mexicana / Q000276:immunology*; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C111835:CCL2 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D016207:Cytokines; C508609:IL10 protein, human; C508598:IL4 protein, human; D016753:Interleukin-10; D018664:Interleukin-12; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma
keywords: Chemokines; Cytokines; In situ; Leishmania mexicana; Localized cutaneous leishmaniasis