title: Childhood very severe pneumonia and meningitis-related hospitalization and death in Yemen, before and after introduction of H. influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine.
abstract: Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine was included in the Yemen immunization programme in 2005. This study compared the rates of very severe pneumonia and all-cause meningitis hospitalization and death, before and after introduction of conjugate Hib vaccine, and reports the results of the 2010 bacterial meningitis surveillance. A retrospective analysis was made of data collected for 2000-2010 for all children aged 2-60 months in the main children's hospital in Sana'a. Compared with the pre-Hib vaccination period, the post-Hib period showed significant and impressive reductions in the rates of hospitalization and death for all-cause meningitis. However, hospitalization and death for very severe pneumonia improved only modestly, and there was evidence of a decreasing but non-significant trend indicting that very severe pneumonia was a non-specific endpoint with multi-etiologies (both viral and bacterial). Very severe pneumonia remains the leading cause of severe morbidity and death for young children, particularly those aged < 12 months.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Sana'a, Sana'a, Yemen.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Banajeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Al-Sabeen Hospital for Women and Children, Sana'a, Yemen.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ashoor
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Al-Sabeen Hospital for Women and Children, Sana'a, Yemen.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Al-Magramy
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006192:Haemophilus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control; D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019741:Haemophilus influenzae type b / Q000276:immunology*; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D017589:Immunization Programs; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008583:Meningitis, Haemophilus / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control; D018410:Pneumonia, Bacterial / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015006:Yemen / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines