title: Oxidative stress response induced by atrazine in Palaemonetes argentinus: the protective effect of vitamin E.
abstract: The widespread contamination and persistence of the herbicide atrazine residues in the environment resulted in the exposure of non-target organisms. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of atrazine in the response of oxidative stress biomarkers in the freshwater shrimp Palaemonetes argentinus and the protective effect of vitamin-E against atrazine-induced toxicity. Therefore, two batches of P. argentinus were fed for 21 days with a commercial food enriched in proteins (D1) or with D2, composed of D1 enriched with vitamin-E (6.8 and 16.0mg% of vitamin-E, respectively). Subsequently, half of the individuals of each group were exposed to atrazine (0.4mgL(-1)) for 24h and the others remained as controls. Atrazine promoted oxidative stress response in P. argentinus fed with D1 as indicated by enhanced H2O2 content and induction of superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferases and glutathione reductase. This antioxidant activity would prevent the increment of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in the shrimp tissues. P. argentinus fed with D2 reversed the response of the biomarkers measured. However, the activation of antioxidants response had an energetic cost, which was revealed by a decrease in lipids storage in shrimps. These results show the modulatory effect of vit-E on oxidative stress and its potential use as an effective antioxidant to be applied in chemoprotection strategies during aquaculture.
authors.affiliation: Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina; CONICET, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba - ICYTAC, Ciudad Universitaria, Av. Juan Filloy s/n, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Julieta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Griboff
authors.affiliation: Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Morales
authors.affiliation: CONICET, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología - CIBICI, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Lidwina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bertrand
authors.affiliation: Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina; CONICET, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología - CIBICI, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Rocío Inés
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Bonansea
authors.affiliation: Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina; CONICET, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba - ICYTAC, Ciudad Universitaria, Av. Juan Filloy s/n, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Magdalena Victoria
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Monferrán
authors.affiliation: Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina; CONICET, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología - CIBICI, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Ramón
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Asis
authors.affiliation: Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina; CONICET, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba - ICYTAC, Ciudad Universitaria, Av. Juan Filloy s/n, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Daniel Alberto
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Wunderlin
authors.affiliation: Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina; CONICET, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología - CIBICI, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina. Electronic address: vame@fcq.unc.edu.ar.
authors.forename: María Valeria
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Amé
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001280:Atrazine / Q000633:toxicity*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D004032:Diet; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D006540:Herbicides / Q000633:toxicity*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D033541:Palaemonidae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D006540:Herbicides; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D014810:Vitamin E; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D001280:Atrazine
keywords: Atrazine; Freshwater invertebrates; Herbicides; Oxidative stress; Tocopherols