title: Effect of dietary fat modification on subcutaneous white adipose tissue insulin sensitivity in patients with metabolic syndrome.
abstract: METHODS
  To determine whether the insulin resistance that exists in metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients is modulated by dietary fat composition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-five patients were randomly assigned to one of four diets for 12 wk: high-saturated fatty acids (HSFAs), high-MUFA (HMUFA), and two low-fat, high-complex carbohydrate (LFHCC) diets supplemented with long-chain n-3 (LFHCC n-3) PUFA or placebo. At the end of intervention, the LFHCC n-3 diet reduced plasma insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and nonsterified fatty acid concentration (p < 0.05) as compared to baseline Spanish habitual (BSH) diet. Subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT) analysis revealed decreased EH-domain containing-2 mRNA levels and increased cbl-associated protein gene expression with the LFHCC n-3 compared to HSFA and HMUFA diets, respectively (p < 0.05). Moreover, the LFHCC n-3 decreased gene expression of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase with respect to HMUFA and BSH diets (p < 0.05). Finally, proteomic characterization of subcutaneous WAT identified three proteins of glucose metabolism downregulated by the LFHCC n-3 diet, including annexin A2. RT-PCR analysis confirmed the decrease of annexin A2 (p = 0.027) after this diet.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that the LFHCC n-3 diet reduces systemic insulin resistance and improves insulin signaling in subcutaneous WAT of MetS patients compared to HSFA and BSH diets consumption.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba and CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cordoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Yolanda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jimenez-Gomez
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cruz-Teno
authors.forename: Oriol A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Rangel-Zuñiga
authors.forename: Juan R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Peinado
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Perez-Martinez
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Delgado-Lista
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garcia-Rios
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Camargo
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vazquez-Martinez
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ortega-Bellido
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Perez-Jimenez
authors.forename: Helen M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Roche
authors.forename: Maria M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Malagon
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lopez-Miranda
mesh_terms: D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000378:metabolism*; D017306:Annexin A2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004032:Diet; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008019:Life Style; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C472822:ANXA2 protein, human; D017306:Annexin A2; C105199:CLN3 protein, human; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D007328:Insulin; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases
keywords: Dietary fats; Glucose metabolism disorders; Insulin resistance; Metabolic syndrome; n-3 PUFA