title: The Effect of Decortication for Periosteal Expansion Osteogenesis Using Shape Memory Alloy Mesh Device.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In conventional bone grafting technique, decortication procedure enhances the healing process and bone regeneration to reach the grafted site more readily.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluates to improve periosteal expansion osteogenesis (PEO) using a shape memory alloy mesh (SMA) device with decortication in a rabbit model.
  
  
  METHODS
  The SMA device was inserted under the periosteum at the forehead and pushed, bent, and attached to the bone surface and fixed with a titanium screw. Twelve rabbits were divided into two groups: PEO without decortication (P group) and with decortication (D group). After 2 weeks, the screw was removed, and the mesh was activated by its own elasticity. Rabbits were sacrificed 5 (P1/D1) and 8 (P2/D2) weeks after operation and histologically and radiographically evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean activation height was 2.9 ± 0.5 mm. The ratio of new bone volume in the elevated volume was 17.6% in P1, 59.8% in D1 33.4% in P2, and 65.1% in D2. D group had a statistically higher volume of new bone than P group during each period (p < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PEO with decortication appears to be a promising clinical alternative for bone augmentation and introduces the new concept of "dynamic graft and guided bone regeneration (GBR)."
authors: Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.
authors: Kensuke
authors: K
authors: Yamauchi
authors: Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.
authors: Shinnosuke
authors: S
authors: Nogami
authors: Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.
authors: Kenko
authors: K
authors: Tanaka
authors: Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.
authors: Sou
authors: S
authors: Yokota
authors: Division of Oral Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.
authors: Yoshinaka
authors: Y
authors: Shimizu
authors: Laison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.
authors: Hiroyasu
authors: H
authors: Kanetaka
authors: Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.
authors: Tetsu
authors: T
authors: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001863:Bone Screws; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000601:surgery; D005624:Frontal Bone / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D010521:Periosteum / Q000601:surgery*; D011817:Rabbits; D013526:Surgical Mesh
keywords: Ni-Ti; decortication; distraction osteogenesis; implant; periosteum; shape memory alloy