title: Anthelmintic constituents from ginger (Zingiber officinale) against Hymenolepis nana.
abstract: This study investigated the anthelmintic activity of gingerenone A, [6]-dehydrogingerdione, [4]-shogaol, 5-hydroxy-[6]-gingerol, [6]-shogaol, [6]-gingerol, [10]-shogaol, [10]-gingerol, hexahydrocurcumin, 3R,5S-[6]-gingerdiol and 3S,5S-[6]-gingerdiol, a constituent isolate from the roots of ginger, for the parasite Hymenolepis nana. The cestocidal activity or ability to halt spontaneous parasite movement (oscillation/peristalsis) in H. nana of above constituents was reached from 24 to 72h in a time- and dose-dependent manner, respectively. The [10]-shogaol and [10]-gingero1 have maximum lethal efficacy and loss of spontaneous movement than the others at 24-72h. In addition, worms treated with 1 and 10μM [10]-gingero1, more than 30% had spontaneous movement of oscillation at 72h but [10]-shogaol at 72h only about 15-20% of oscillation. This showing that [10]-gingero1 had less loss of spontaneous movement efficacy than [10]-shogaol. After exposure to 200μM [10]-shogaol, 100% of H. nana had died at 12h rather than died at 24h for [10]-gingerol, showing that [10]-gingero1 had less lethal efficacy than [10]-shogaol. In addition, these constituents of ginger showed effects against peroxyl radical under cestocidal activity. In order to evaluate the cestocidal activity and cytokine production caused by ginger's extract R0 in the H. nana infected mice, we carried out in vivo examination about H. nana infected mice BALB/c mice were inoculated orally with 500 eggs. After post-inoculation, R0 (1g/kg/day) was administered orally for 10 days. The R0 exhibited cestocidal activity in vivo of significantly reduced worms number and cytokines production by in vitro Con A-stimulated spleen cells showed that INF-γ and IL-2 were significantly increases by R0. IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-13 were significantly decreases and Murine KC and IL-12 were not significantly changes by R0. Together, these findings first suggest that these constituents of ginger might be used as cestocidal agents against H. nana.
authors: Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. Electronic address: rjlin@kmu.edu.tw.
authors: Rong-Jyh
authors: RJ
authors: Lin
authors: School of Medical and Health Sciences, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 83102, Taiwan. Electronic address: XX377@fy.edu.tw.
authors: Chung-Yi
authors: CY
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. Electronic address: lucc1023@xuite.net.
authors: Chin-Mei
authors: CM
authors: Lu
authors: Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. Electronic address: u102800001@cc.kmu.edu.tw.
authors: Yi-Hsuan
authors: YH
authors: Ma
authors: Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. Electronic address: leyich@kmu.edu.tw.
authors: Li-Yu
authors: LY
authors: Chung
authors: Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. Electronic address: drjay@kmu.edu.tw.
authors: Jiun-Jye
authors: JJ
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. Electronic address: judele@kmu.edu.tw.
authors: June-Der
authors: JD
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. Electronic address: chmiye@kmu.edu.tw.
authors: Chuan-Min
authors: CM
authors: Yen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020939:Zingiber officinale; D048189:Hymenolepis nana / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots; D027343:Rhizome
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Anthelmintic activity; Cestocidal activity; Cytokine; Ginger; Hymenolepis nana; Oxygen radical absorbing capacity