title: Inactivation of bacteria via photosensitization of vitamin K3 by UV-A light.
abstract: This study investigated inactivation of bacteria with ultraviolet light A irradiation in combination with vitamin K3 as a photosensitizer. Six bacteria including Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli suspended in vitamin K3 aqueous solution were exposed to ultraviolet light A. Five of six bacteria, with the exception of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, were reduced by eight logs with 1600 μM of vitamin K3 and 5.8 J cm(-2) UV-A irradiation. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was reduced by four logs under these conditions. Reactive oxygen species including singlet oxygen, hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion radical were generated in vitamin K3 aqueous solution under UV-A irradiation. These results suggest that vitamin K3 and UV-A irradiation may be effective for bacterial inactivation in environmental and medical applications.
authors: Laboratory of Cellular Hematology, CBER, FDA, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors: Fei
authors: F
authors: Xu
authors: Jaroslav G
authors: JG
authors: Vostal
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D058491:Bacterial Load; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D010787:Photosensitivity Disorders; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D024483:Vitamin K 3 / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D024483:Vitamin K 3
keywords: pathogen reduction; reactive oxygen species; ultraviolet light; vitamin K3