title: Alginate modifies the physiological impact of CeO2 nanoparticles in corn seedlings cultivated in soil.
abstract: Alginates are naturally occurring components of organic matter in natural soil whose effects on nanoparticle (NP) toxicity to plants is not well understood. In the present study, corn plants were grown for one month in soil spiked with 400 mg/kg CeO2 NPs with various alginate concentrations. After one month of growth in the NPs impacted soil, plants were harvested and analyzed for Ce and mineral element concentrations. Chlorophyll concentration and heat shock protein 70, used as biomarkers for oxidative stress, were also evaluated. Results showed that, compared to CeO2 NPs treatment, alginate at 10, 50, and 100 mg/kg increased Ce concentration in roots by approximately 46%, 38%, and 29% and by 115%, 45%, and 56% in shoots, respectively. CeO2 NPs without alginate increased Mn accumulation in roots by 34% compared to control. CeO2 NPs with low and medium alginate increased Mn by ca. 92% respect to NPs without alginate and by ca. 155% respect to control. CeO2 NPs without/with alginate significantly increased accumulation of Fe and Al in roots. In addition, alginate at 50 mg/kg increased Zn accumulation in roots by 52% compared to control. In shoots, K increased at all NP treatments but the accumulation of other elements was not affected. Alginate enlarged the impact of CeO2 NPs to corn plants by reducing chlorophyll a content and triggering overexpression of heat shock protein 70.
authors: Lijuan
authors: L
authors: Zhao
authors: Jose R
authors: JR
authors: Peralta-Videa
authors: Bo
authors: B
authors: Peng
authors: Susmita
authors: S
authors: Bandyopadhyay
authors: Baltazar
authors: B
authors: Corral-Diaz
authors: Pedro
authors: P
authors: Osuna-Avila
authors: Milka O
authors: MO
authors: Montes
authors: Arturo A
authors: AA
authors: Keller
authors: Jorge L
authors: JL
authors: Gardea-Torresdey
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002563:Cerium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000378:metabolism; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000633:toxicity*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000378:metabolism; D036226:Seedlings / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012987:Soil; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects*; D003313:Zea mays / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D012987:Soil; D002734:Chlorophyll; D002563:Cerium; C030583:ceric oxide; D020723:Glucuronic Acid