title: Amphotericin B down-regulates Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-induced production of IL-8 and IL-6 in human gingival epithelial cells.
abstract: Gingival epithelium is the primary barrier against microorganism invasion and produces inflammatory cytokines. Amphotericin B, a major antifungal drug, binds to cholesterol in the mammalian cell membrane in addition to fungal ergosterol. Amphotericin B has been shown to regulate inflammatory cytokines in host cells. To investigate the suppressive effect of amphotericin B on the gingival epithelium, we examined the expression of interleukin (IL)-8 and IL-6 and involvement of MAP kinase in human gingival epithelial cells (HGEC) stimulated by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Amphotericin B and the p38 MAP kinase inhibitor down-regulated the A. actinomycetemcomitans-induced increase in the expression of IL-8 and IL-6 at the mRNA. The ERK inhibitor suppressed the A. actinomycetemcomitans-induced IL-8 mRNA expression. Amphotericin B inhibited the A. actinomycetemcomitans-induced phosphorylation of ERK and p38 MAP kinase. Furthermore, amphotericin B inhibited the A. actinomycetemcomitans-induced production of prostaglandin E2. These results suggest that amphotericin B regulate inflammatory responses in HGEC.
authors: Department of Periodontal Medicine, Division of Applied Life Science, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan.
authors: Haruka
authors: H
authors: Imai
authors: Department of Periodontal Medicine, Division of Applied Life Science, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan. Electronic address: tfuji@hiroshima-u.ac.jp.
authors: Tsuyoshi
authors: T
authors: Fujita
authors: Department of Periodontal Medicine, Division of Applied Life Science, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan.
authors: Mikihito
authors: M
authors: Kajiya
authors: Department of Periodontal Medicine, Division of Applied Life Science, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan.
authors: Kazuhisa
authors: K
authors: Ouhara
authors: Department of Periodontal Medicine, Division of Applied Life Science, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan.
authors: Tsuyoshi
authors: T
authors: Miyagawa
authors: Department of Periodontal Medicine, Division of Applied Life Science, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan.
authors: Shinji
authors: S
authors: Matsuda
authors: Department of Periodontal Medicine, Division of Applied Life Science, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan.
authors: Hideki
authors: H
authors: Shiba
authors: Department of Periodontal Medicine, Division of Applied Life Science, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan.
authors: Hidemi
authors: H
authors: Kurihara
mesh_terms: D016976:Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans / Q000187:drug effects*; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D005881:Gingiva / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D016871:Pasteurellaceae Infections / Q000276:immunology; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; C508606:CXCL8 protein, human; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D000666:Amphotericin B
keywords: Amphotericin B; Gingival epithelial cells; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8