title: Inclusion of sunflower seed and wheat dried distillers' grains with solubles in a red clover silage-based diet enhances steers performance, meat quality and fatty acid profiles.
abstract: The current study compared beef production, quality and fatty acid (FA) profiles of yearling steers fed a control diet containing 70 : 30 red clover silage (RCS) : barley-based concentrate, a diet containing 11% sunflower seed (SS) substituted for barley, and diets containing SS with 15% or 30% wheat dried distillers' grain with solubles (DDGS). Additions of DDGS were balanced by reductions in RCS and SS to maintain crude fat levels in diets. A total of two pens of eight animals were fed per diet for an average period of 208 days. Relative to the control diet, feeding the SS diet increased (P<0.05) average daily gain, final live weight and proportions of total n-6 FA, non-conjugated 18:2 biohydrogenation products (i.e. atypical dienes) with the first double bond at carbon 8 or 9 from the carboxyl end, conjugated linoleic acid isomers with the first double bond from carbon 7 to 10 from the carboxyl end, t-18:1 isomers, and reduced (P<0.05) the proportions of total n-3 FA, conjugated linolenic acids, branched-chain FA, odd-chain FA and 16:0. Feeding DDGS-15 and DDGS-30 diets v. the SS diet further increased (P<0.05) average daily gains, final live weight, carcass weight, hot dressing percentage, fat thickness, rib-eye muscle area, and improved instrumental and sensory panel meat tenderness. However, in general feeding DGGS-15 or DDGS-30 diets did not change FA proportions relative to feeding the SS diet. Overall, adding SS to a RCS-based diet enhanced muscle proportions of 18:2n-6 biohydrogenation products, and further substitutions of DDGS in the diet improved beef production, and quality while maintaining proportions of potentially functional bioactive FA including vaccenic and rumenic acids.
authors: 1Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC),Lacombe Research Centre,6000 C & E Trail,Lacombe,AB,Canada T4L 1W1.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Mapiye
authors: 1Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC),Lacombe Research Centre,6000 C & E Trail,Lacombe,AB,Canada T4L 1W1.
authors: J L
authors: JL
authors: Aalhus
authors: 3Department of Natural Resource Sciences,Thompson Rivers University,Kamloops,BC,Canada V2C 0C8.
authors: T D
authors: TD
authors: Turner
authors: 1Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC),Lacombe Research Centre,6000 C & E Trail,Lacombe,AB,Canada T4L 1W1.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Vahmani
authors: 1Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC),Lacombe Research Centre,6000 C & E Trail,Lacombe,AB,Canada T4L 1W1.
authors: V S
authors: VS
authors: Baron
authors: 4Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC),Lethbridge Research Centre,1Avenue South 5403,PO Box 3000,Lethbridge,AB,Canada T1J 4B1.
authors: T A
authors: TA
authors: McAllister
authors: 1Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC),Lacombe Research Centre,6000 C & E Trail,Lacombe,AB,Canada T4L 1W1.
authors: H C
authors: HC
authors: Block
authors: 1Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC),Lacombe Research Centre,6000 C & E Trail,Lacombe,AB,Canada T4L 1W1.
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Uttaro
authors: 1Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC),Lacombe Research Centre,6000 C & E Trail,Lacombe,AB,Canada T4L 1W1.
authors: M E R
authors: ME
authors: Dugan
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D006368:Helianthus / Q000737:chemistry*; D001467:Hordeum / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis / Q000592:standards*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D012820:Silage / Q000032:analysis*; D029921:Trifolium; D014908:Triticum
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids