title: Soluble adenylyl cyclase in health and disease.
abstract: The second messenger cAMP is integral for many physiological processes. Soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) was recently identified as a widely expressed intracellular source of cAMP in mammalian cells. sAC is evolutionary, structurally, and biochemically distinct from the G-protein-responsive transmembranous adenylyl cyclases (tmAC). The structure of the catalytic unit of sAC is similar to tmAC, but sAC does not contain transmembranous domains, allowing localizations independent of the membranous compartment. sAC activity is stimulated by HCO(3)(-), Ca²⁺ and is sensitive to physiologically relevant ATP fluctuations. sAC functions as a physiological sensor for carbon dioxide and bicarbonate, and therefore indirectly for pH. Here we review the physiological role of sAC in different human tissues with a major focus on the lung. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: The role of soluble adenylyl cyclase in health and disease, guest edited by J. Buck and L.R. Levin.
authors: Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Ave, RMSB #7058 (R-47), Miami, FL 33136, USA.
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Schmid
authors: Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Ave, RMSB #7058 (R-47), Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Zürich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
authors: Dimirela
authors: D
authors: Meili
authors: Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Ave, RMSB #7058 (R-47), Miami, FL 33136, USA. Electronic address: msalathe@med.miami.edu.
authors: Matthias
authors: M
authors: Salathe
mesh_terms: D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002451:Cell Compartmentation; D006801:Humans; D011487:Protein Conformation
chemical_list: C579271:ADCY10 protein, human; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases
keywords: Airways; Bicarbonate; Lung; Soluble adenylyl cyclase; cAMP; sAC