title: N-terminal pro-C-natriuretic peptide and cytokine kinetics in dogs with endotoxemia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Serum N-terminal pro-C-natriuretic peptide (NT-proCNP) concentration at hospital admission has sufficient sensitivity and specificity to differentiate naturally occurring sepsis from nonseptic systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). However, little is known about serum NT-proCNP concentrations in dogs during the course of sepsis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine serum NT-proCNP and cytokine kinetics in dogs with endotoxemia, a model of canine sepsis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty canine serum samples.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight healthy adult Beagles were randomized to receive Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 5 μg/kg) or placebo (0.9% NaCl) as a single IV dose in a randomized crossover study. Serum collected at 0, 1, 2, 4, and 24 hours was stored at -80°C for batch analysis. Serum NT-proCNP was measured by ELISA and 13 cytokines and chemokines by multiplex magnetic bead-based assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum NT-proCNP concentrations did not differ significantly between LPS- and placebo-treated dogs at any time. When comparing serum cytokine concentrations, LPS-treated dogs had higher interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, TNF-α and KC-like at 1, 2, and 4 hours; higher CCL2 at 1, 2, 4, and 24 hours; and higher IL-8 and CXCL10 at 4 hours compared to placebo-treated dogs. There were no differences in serum GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-7, IL-15 or IL-18 between LPS- and placebo-treated dogs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum NT-proCNP concentration does not change significantly in response to LPS administration in healthy dogs. Certain serum cytokine and chemokine concentrations are significantly increased within 1-4 hours after LPS administration and warrant further investigation as tools for the detection and management of sepsis in dogs.
authors: Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON.
authors: A N K
authors: AN
authors: Floras
authors: M K
authors: MK
authors: Holowaychuk
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Bienzle
authors: A M E
authors: AM
authors: Bersenas
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Sharif
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Harvey
authors: S K
authors: SK
authors: Nordone
authors: G A
authors: GA
authors: Wood
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10 / Q000097:blood; D018925:Chemokines / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D004285:Dogs / Q000097:blood; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood; D020098:Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type / Q000097:blood*; D018805:Sepsis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D020098:Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type; D016753:Interleukin-10
keywords: Biomarker; ELISA; Immunology; Inflammation; Multiplex; Sepsis