title: Effect of a denture base acrylic resin containing silver nanoparticles on Candida albicans adhesion and biofilm formation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of denture base resin containing silver nanoparticles (nano-silver) on Candida albicans adhesion and biofilm formation.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Epidemiological studies report that approximately 70% of removable denture wearers suffer from denture stomatitis. Candida albicans adhesion and biofilm formation are regarded as essential prerequisites for denture stomatitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The bioactivity and biomass of C. albicans biofilm, which was incubated in a series of twofold dilutions of nano-silver suspension at 37°C for 24 h, were determined using XTT reduction and crystal violet assays, respectively. The denture base resin specimens containing nano-silver were then used in C. albicans adhesion (37°C; 90 min; n = 9) and biofilm formation assays (37°C; 72 h; n = 9). Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to evaluate the architectural properties of average thickness and live/dead cell ratio in the different biofilm stages that developed on the specimens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The bioactivity and biomass of C. albicans biofilm successively decreased with increasing nano-silver solution concentration. Denture base resin containing nano-silver had no effect on adhesion at low concentrations, but it exhibited anti-adhesion activity at a high concentration (5%). For 72 h biofilm formed on the resin specimens, the thickness and live/dead cell ratio were successively reduced with increasing nano-silver concentrations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nano-silver had antifungal activity and inhibited C. albicans biofilm formation. Antifungal activity and an inhibitory effect on adhesion and biofilm formation by denture base resin containing nano-silver were discovered, especially at a higher concentration.
authors: Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.|School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
authors: Zhe
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5246-1165
authors: Z
authors: Li
authors: Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.|School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Sun
authors: Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.|School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Lan
authors: Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.|School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.|Cheeloo Health Science Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
authors: Qingguo
authors: Q
authors: Qi
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002180:Candidiasis, Oral / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D003819:Denture Bases / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D053758:Nanoparticles; D012834:Silver / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013282:Stomatitis, Denture / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D012834:Silver
keywords: Candida albicans; adhesion; biofilm; silver nanoparticle