title: β-Catenin activated hepatocellular adenoma: a report of three cases in Korea.
abstract: Hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) is an uncommon benign hepatic tumor, and the use of oral contraceptives is known to contribute to the development of HCA. Recently, a genotype and phenotype classification system for HCA was suggested, and malignant transformation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was shown to be strongly associated with activating mutations in β-catenin. Here, we report three cases of HCA in Korean patients: 7-cm, inflammatory and β-catenin-activated HCA with HCC transformation in a 46-year-old man; 13-cm, β-catenin-activated HCA with cytological atypia in a 23-year-old woman; and 10-cm, pigmented, inflammatory and β-catenin-activated HCA in a 36-year-old man. All cases exhibited the nuclear expression of β-catenin and diffuse cytoplasmic expression of glutamine synthetase upon immunohistochemical staining. All tumors were completely resected, and the patients were followed for 3 to 6 years with no evidence of local recurrence or metastasis.
authors: Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Gi Jeong
authors: GJ
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Pathology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors: Jae Yeon
authors: JY
authors: Seok
authors: Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Hyungjin
authors: H
authors: Rhee
authors: Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Jin-Young
authors: JY
authors: Choi
authors: Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Jin-Sub
authors: JS
authors: Choi
authors: Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Kyung Sik
authors: KS
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Pathology, The Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
authors: Swan
authors: S
authors: Thung
authors: Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Young Nyun
authors: YN
authors: Park
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D056910:Republic of Korea; D055815:Young Adult; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D051176:beta Catenin
keywords: Adenoma; Beta catenin; Carcinoma; Glutamine synthetase; hepatocellular; liver cell