title: Effects of Defaunation on Fermentation Characteristics and Methane Production by Rumen Microbes In vitro When Incubated with Starchy Feed Sources.
abstract: An in vitro experiment was conducted to examine the effects of defaunation (removal of protozoa) on ruminal fermentation characteristics, CH4 production and degradation by rumen microbes when incubated with cereal grains (corn, wheat and rye). Sodium lauryl sulfate as a defaunation reagent was added into the culture solution at a concentration of 0.000375 g/ml, and incubated anaerobically for up to 12 h at 39°C. Following defaunation, live protozoa in the culture solution were rarely observed by microscopic examination. A difference in pH was found among grains regardless of defaunation at all incubation times (p<0.01 to 0.001). Defaunation significantly decreased pH at 12 h (p<0.05) when rumen fluid was incubated with grains. Ammonia-N concentration was increased by defaunation for all grains at 6 h (p<0.05) and 12 h (p<0.05) incubation times. Total VFA concentration was increased by defaunation at 6 h (p<0.05) and 12 h (p<0.01) for all grains. Meanwhile, defaunation decreased acetate and butyrate proportions at 6 h (p<0.05, p<0.01) and 12 h (p<0.01, p<0.001), but increased the propionate proportion at 3 h, 6 h and 12 h incubation (p<0.01 to 0.001) for all grains. Defaunation increased in vitro effective degradability of DM (p<0.05). Production of total gas and CO2 was decreased by defaunation for all grains at 1 h (p<0.05, p<0.05) and then increased at 6 h (p<0.05, p<0.05) and 12 h (p<0.05, p<0.05). CH4 production was higher from faunation than from defaunation at all incubation times (p<0.05).
authors: Institute of Animal Science, Yanbian academy of agricultural sciences, Longjing, Jilin, China .
authors: W Z
authors: WZ
authors: Qin
authors: Department of Animal Scicence, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China .
authors: C Y
authors: CY
authors: Li
authors: Institute of Animal Science, Yanbian academy of agricultural sciences, Longjing, Jilin, China .
authors: J K
authors: JK
authors: Kim
authors: Institute of Animal Science, Yanbian academy of agricultural sciences, Longjing, Jilin, China .
authors: J G
authors: JG
authors: Ju
authors: Institute of Animal Science, Yanbian academy of agricultural sciences, Longjing, Jilin, China .
authors: M K
authors: MK
authors: Song
keywords: CH4; Defaunation; Degradation; Fermentation; Grains; Total Gas