title: A triple gene mutant of BoHV-1 administered intranasally is significantly more efficacious than a BoHV-1 glycoprotein E-deleted virus against a virulent BoHV-1 challenge.
abstract: Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) causes respiratory infections and abortions in cattle, and is an important component of bovine respiratory disease complex, which causes a considerable economic loss worldwide. Several efforts have been made to produce safer and more effective vaccines. One of these vaccines is a glycoprotein E (gE)-deleted marker vaccine which is currently mandated for use in EU countries. In the present study, we have constructed a three-gene-mutated BoHV-1 vaccine virus (UL49.5 luminal domain residues 30-32 and cytoplasmic tail residues 80-96 deleted, gE cytoplasmic tail- and entire Us9-deleted) and compared its protective vaccine efficacy in calves after intranasal vaccination with that of a gE-deleted virus. Following vaccination, both the triple mutant and gE-deleted vaccine virus replicated well in the nasal epithelium of the calves. The vaccinated calves did not show any clinical signs. Four weeks post-vaccination, the animals were challenged intranasally with a virulent BoHV-1 wild-type virus. Based on clinical signs, both the gE-deleted and triple mutant group were protected equally against the virulent BoHV-1 challenge. However, based on the quantity and duration of nasal viral shedding, virus neutralizing antibody and cellular immune responses, the triple mutant virus vaccine induced a significantly better protective immune response than the gE-deleted virus vaccine. Notably, after the virulent BoHV-1 challenge, the triple mutant virus vaccinated group cleared the challenge virus three days earlier than the BoHV-1 gE-deleted virus vaccinated group.
authors: Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States. Electronic address: chowdh@lsu.edu.
authors: Shafiqul I
authors: SI
authors: Chowdhury
authors: Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States.
authors: Huiyong
authors: H
authors: Wei
authors: Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States.
authors: Marcello
authors: M
authors: Weiss
authors: Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States.
authors: Katrin
authors: K
authors: Pannhorst
authors: Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States.
authors: Daniel B
authors: DB
authors: Paulsen
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000097:blood; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D007242:Herpesvirus 1, Bovine / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D011897:Random Allocation; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000276:immunology; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D017201:Virus Shedding
chemical_list: D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014764:Viral Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines; C046998:bovine herpesvirus type-1 glycoproteins; D007371:Interferon-gamma
keywords: BoHV-1 triple gene-deleted vaccine; Intranasal vaccination; Protective efficacy