title: Comparison of different disinfection processes in the effective removal of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and genes.
abstract: This study compared three different disinfection processes (chlorination, E-beam, and ozone) and the efficacy of three oxidants (H2O2, S2O(-)8, and peroxymonosulfate (MPS)) in removing antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in a synthetic wastewater. More than 30 mg/L of chlorine was needed to remove over 90% of ARB and ARG. For the E-beam method, only 1 dose (kGy) was needed to remove ARB and ARG, and ozone could reduce ARB and ARG by more than 90% even at 3 mg/L ozone concentration. In the ozone process, CT values (concentration × time) were compared for ozone alone and combined with different catalysts based on the 2-log removal of ARB and ARG. Ozone treatment yielded a value of 31 and 33 (mg·min)/L for ARB and ARGs respectively. On the other hand, ozone with persulfate yielded 15.9 and 18.5 (mg·min)/L while ozone with monopersulfate yielded a value of 12 and 14.5 (mg·min)/L. This implies that the addition of these catalysts significantly reduces the contact time to achieve a 2-log removal, thus enhancing the process in terms of its kinetics.
authors: Program in Environmental Technology and Policy, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong 339-700, Korea.
authors: Junsik
authors: J
authors: Oh
authors: Program in Environmental Technology and Policy, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong 339-700, Korea.
authors: Dennis Espineli
authors: DE
authors: Salcedo
authors: Program in Environmental Technology and Policy, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong 339-700, Korea.
authors: Carl Angelo
authors: CA
authors: Medriano
authors: Program in Environmental Technology and Policy, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong 339-700, Korea; Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Science and Technology, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong 339-700, Korea. Electronic address: ub1905ub@korea.ac.kr.
authors: Sungpyo
authors: S
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004583:Electrons; D054879:Halogenation; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D010126:Ozone; D010545:Peroxides; D013431:Sulfates
chemical_list: D010545:Peroxides; D013431:Sulfates; C038288:peroxymonosulfate; D010126:Ozone; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide
keywords: antibiotic resistance; catalyst; disinfection; oxidants; ozonation