title: Anticipating the fate and impact of organic environmental contaminants: a new approach applied to the pharmaceutical furosemide.
abstract: The presence of trace levels of organic contaminants in the environment is currently an environmental concern. When these contaminants are subjected to environmental transformations, environmental transformation products (ETPs) are obtained, whose structures often remain unknown. The absence of information concerning these new compounds makes them unavailable and consequently makes their environmental detection as well as their (eco)toxicological study impossible. This report describes a multidisciplinary approach that seeks to both anticipate the fate and evaluate the impact of organic environmental contaminants. Our approach consists of three steps. First, isolated and fully characterized transformation products (TPs) of the parent molecule are obtained. In the second step, the parent molecule is subjected to environmentally relevant transformations to identify plausible ETPs. The detection of previously characterized TPs allows the concomitant identification of plausible ETPs. The third step is devoted to the toxicological evaluation of the identified plausible ETPs. Such an approach has recently been applied to furosemide and has allowed the identification of its main TPs. This report now seeks to identify and evaluate toxicologically plausible ETPs of this drug, which is also known as an environmental contaminant.
authors: Université Paris-Est, Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux de Paris-Est, UMR CNRS UPEC 7182, 94320 Thiais, France.
authors: Céline
authors: C
authors: Laurencé
authors: Université Paris-Est, Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux de Paris-Est, UMR CNRS UPEC 7182, 94320 Thiais, France.
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Rivard
authors: Université Paris-Est, Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux de Paris-Est, UMR CNRS UPEC 7182, 94320 Thiais, France. Electronic address: martens@icmpe.cnrs.fr.
authors: Thierry
authors: T
authors: Martens
authors: Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Croissance Réparation et Régénération Tissulaires, EAC CNRS 7149 - UPEC, 94010 Créteil cedex, France.
authors: Christophe
authors: C
authors: Morin
authors: Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Microorganismes, UMR CNRS MNHM 7245, 75005 Paris, France.
authors: Didier
authors: D
authors: Buisson
authors: Ecole Polytechnique, Laboratoire des Mécanismes Réactionnels, UMR CNRS Ecole Polytechnique 7651, 91128 Palaiseau cedex, France.
authors: Sophie
authors: S
authors: Bourcier
authors: Ecole Polytechnique, Laboratoire des Mécanismes Réactionnels, UMR CNRS Ecole Polytechnique 7651, 91128 Palaiseau cedex, France; Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre de Recherche sur la Conservation des Collections, USR CNRS MNHN 3224, 75005 Paris, France.
authors: Michel
authors: M
authors: Sablier
authors: Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement, EA 4508, UPEMLV, 77454 Marne-la-Vallée, France. Electronic address: mehmet.oturan@univ-paris-est.fr.
authors: Mehmet A
authors: MA
authors: Oturan
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D001711:Biotransformation / Q000502:physiology*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D054750:Ecotoxicology / Q000379:methods*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005658:Fungi / Q000378:metabolism*; D005665:Furosemide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D033183:Interdisciplinary Communication; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000378:metabolism*; D013045:Species Specificity; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D018675:Toxicity Tests
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D005665:Furosemide; D053148:Caspase 3
keywords: Bioconversion; Electro-Fenton; Furosemide; Toxicity