title: Memory deficits and oxidative stress in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion: neuroprotective role of physical exercise and green tea supplementation.
abstract: Ischemic stroke is a major cause of morbidity and mortality all over the world. Among impairments observed in survivors there is a significant cognitive learning and memory deficit. Neuroprotective strategies are being investigated to minimize such deficits after an ischemia event. Here we investigated the neuroprotective potential of physical exercise and green tea in an animal model of ischemia-reperfusion. Eighty male rats were divided in 8 groups and submitted to either transient brain ischemia-reperfusion or a sham surgery after 8 weeks of physical exercise and/or green tea supplementation. Ischemia-reperfusion was performed by bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries during 30 min. Later, their memory was evaluated in an aversive and in a non-aversive task, and hippocampus and prefrontal cortex were removed for biochemical analyses of possible oxidative stress effects. Ischemia-reperfusion impaired learning and memory. Reactive oxygen species were increased in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Eight weeks of physical exercise and/or green tea supplementation before the ischemia-reperfusion event showed a neuroprotective effect; both treatments in separate or together reduced the cognitive deficits and were able to maintain the functional levels of antioxidant enzymes and glutathione.
authors: Applied Neuromechanics Group, Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
authors: Helen L
authors: HL
authors: Schimidt
authors: Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
authors: Aline
authors: A
authors: Vieira
authors: Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
authors: Caroline
authors: C
authors: Altermann
authors: Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
authors: Alexandre
authors: A
authors: Martins
authors: Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
authors: Priscila
authors: P
authors: Sosa
authors: Laboratório de Biotecnologia da Reprodução, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
authors: Francielli W
authors: FW
authors: Santos
authors: Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
authors: Pâmela B
authors: PB
authors: Mello-Carpes
authors: Center of Memory, Brain Institute, and National Institute of Translational Research, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors: Ivan
authors: I
authors: Izquierdo
authors: Applied Neuromechanics Group, Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil. Electronic address: carpes@unipampa.edu.br.
authors: Felipe P
authors: FP
authors: Carpes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013662:Tea
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D013662:Tea
keywords: Antioxidants; Brain; Green tea; Ischemia–reperfusion; Memory; Oxidative stress; Physical exercise