title: The Associations of Indices of Obesity with Lipoprotein Subfractions in Japanese American, African American and Korean Men.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Both indices of obesity and lipoprotein subfractions contribute to coronary heart disease risk. However, associations between indices of obesity and lipoprotein subfractions remain undetermined across different ethnic groups. This study aims to examine the associations of indices of obesity in Japanese Americans (JA), African Americans (AA) and Koreans with lipoprotein subfractions.
  
  
  METHODS
  A population-based sample of 230 JA, 91 AA, and 291 Korean men aged 40-49 was examined for indices of obesity, i.e., visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT and SAT, respectively), waist circumference (WC), and body-mass index (BMI), and for lipoprotein subfractions by nuclear-magnetic-resonance spectroscopy. Multiple regression analyses were performed in each of the three ethnic groups to examine the associations of each index of obesity with lipoprotein.
  
  
  RESULTS
  VAT had significant positive associations with total and small low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and a significant negative association with large high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in all three ethnicities (p < 0.01). SAT, WC, and BMI had significant positive associations with total and small LDL in only JA and Koreans, while these indices had significant inverse associations with large HDL in all ethnic groups (p < 0.01). Compared to SAT, VAT had largerR2values in the associations with total and small LDL and large HDL in all three ethnic groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VAT is significantly associated with total and small LDL and large HDL in all three ethnic groups. The associations of SAT, WC, and BMI with lipoprotein subfractions are weaker compared to VAT in all three ethnic groups.
authors: Family Medicine Faculty Development Fellowship, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (NH), Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea (CS), Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medcine, HI, USA (KHM, BJW), Department of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA (DE), College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea (JC), Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (EJMB, KS, IM, LHK, AS), College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (AE), Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan (TO, KM, HU).
authors: Nobutaka
authors: N
authors: Hirooka
authors: Family Medicine Faculty Development Fellowship, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (NH), Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea (CS), Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medcine, HI, USA (KHM, BJW), Department of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA (DE), College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea (JC), Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (EJMB, KS, IM, LHK, AS), College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (AE), Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan (TO, KM, HU).
authors: Chol
authors: C
authors: Shin
authors: Family Medicine Faculty Development Fellowship, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (NH), Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea (CS), Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medcine, HI, USA (KHM, BJW), Department of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA (DE), College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea (JC), Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (EJMB, KS, IM, LHK, AS), College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (AE), Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan (TO, KM, HU).
authors: Kamal H
authors: KH
authors: Masaki
authors: Family Medicine Faculty Development Fellowship, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (NH), Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea (CS), Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medcine, HI, USA (KHM, BJW), Department of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA (DE), College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea (JC), Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (EJMB, KS, IM, LHK, AS), College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (AE), Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan (TO, KM, HU).
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Edmundowicz
authors: Family Medicine Faculty Development Fellowship, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (NH), Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea (CS), Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medcine, HI, USA (KHM, BJW), Department of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA (DE), College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea (JC), Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (EJMB, KS, IM, LHK, AS), College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (AE), Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan (TO, KM, HU).
authors: Jina
authors: J
authors: Choo
authors: Family Medicine Faculty Development Fellowship, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (NH), Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea (CS), Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medcine, HI, USA (KHM, BJW), Department of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA (DE), College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea (JC), Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (EJMB, KS, IM, LHK, AS), College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (AE), Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan (TO, KM, HU).
authors: Emma J M
authors: EJ
authors: Barinas-Mitchell
authors: Family Medicine Faculty Development Fellowship, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (NH), Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea (CS), Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medcine, HI, USA (KHM, BJW), Department of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA (DE), College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea (JC), Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (EJMB, KS, IM, LHK, AS), College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (AE), Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan (TO, KM, HU).
authors: Bradley J
authors: BJ
authors: Willcox
authors: Family Medicine Faculty Development Fellowship, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (NH), Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea (CS), Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medcine, HI, USA (KHM, BJW), Department of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA (DE), College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea (JC), Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (EJMB, KS, IM, LHK, AS), College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (AE), Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan (TO, KM, HU).
authors: Kim
authors: K
authors: Sutton-Tyrrell
authors: Family Medicine Faculty Development Fellowship, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (NH), Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea (CS), Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medcine, HI, USA (KHM, BJW), Department of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA (DE), College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea (JC), Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (EJMB, KS, IM, LHK, AS), College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (AE), Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan (TO, KM, HU).
authors: Aiman
authors: A
authors: El-Saed
authors: Family Medicine Faculty Development Fellowship, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (NH), Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea (CS), Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medcine, HI, USA (KHM, BJW), Department of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA (DE), College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea (JC), Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (EJMB, KS, IM, LHK, AS), College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (AE), Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan (TO, KM, HU).
authors: Iva
authors: I
authors: Miljkovic-Gacic
authors: Family Medicine Faculty Development Fellowship, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (NH), Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea (CS), Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medcine, HI, USA (KHM, BJW), Department of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA (DE), College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea (JC), Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (EJMB, KS, IM, LHK, AS), College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (AE), Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan (TO, KM, HU).
authors: Takayoshi
authors: T
authors: Ohkubo
authors: Family Medicine Faculty Development Fellowship, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (NH), Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea (CS), Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medcine, HI, USA (KHM, BJW), Department of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA (DE), College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea (JC), Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (EJMB, KS, IM, LHK, AS), College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (AE), Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan (TO, KM, HU).
authors: Katsuyuki
authors: K
authors: Miura
authors: Family Medicine Faculty Development Fellowship, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (NH), Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea (CS), Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medcine, HI, USA (KHM, BJW), Department of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA (DE), College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea (JC), Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (EJMB, KS, IM, LHK, AS), College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (AE), Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan (TO, KM, HU).
authors: Hirotsugu
authors: H
authors: Ueshima
authors: Family Medicine Faculty Development Fellowship, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (NH), Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea (CS), Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medcine, HI, USA (KHM, BJW), Department of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA (DE), College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea (JC), Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (EJMB, KS, IM, LHK, AS), College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (AE), Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan (TO, KM, HU).
authors: Lewis H
authors: LH
authors: Kuller
authors: Family Medicine Faculty Development Fellowship, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (NH), Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea (CS), Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medcine, HI, USA (KHM, BJW), Department of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA (DE), College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea (JC), Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (EJMB, KS, IM, LHK, AS), College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (AE), Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan (TO, KM, HU).
authors: Akira
authors: A
authors: Sekikawa
keywords: body-mass index; lipoprotein subfractions; subcutaneous adipose tissue; visceral adipose tissue; waist circumference