title: Updates for the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury.
abstract: The International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI) is the most widely used classification in the field of spinal cord injury medicine. Since its first publication in 1982, multiple revisions refining the recommended examination, scaling, and classification have taken place to improve communication, consistency, and clarity. This article describes a brief historical perspective on the development and changes over the years leading to the current ISNCSCI, detailing the most recent updates of 2011 and the worksheet 2013 as well as issues facing the ISNCSCI for the future.
authors: Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, West Orange, NJ 07052, USA; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA. Electronic address: skirshblum@kessler-rehab.com.
authors: Steven
authors: S
authors: Kirshblum
authors: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
authors: William
authors: W
authors: Waring
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D006801:Humans; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D012015:Reference Standards; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000145:classification*; D009626:Terminology as Topic
keywords: Classification; International Standards; Neurologic level; Spinal cord injury