title: Luteolin decreases the attachment, invasion and cytotoxicity of UPEC in bladder epithelial cells and inhibits UPEC biofilm formation.
abstract: Urinary tract infection (UTI), primarily caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), is one of the most common infectious diseases worldwide. Emerging antibiotic resistance requires novel treatment strategies. Luteolin, a dietary polyphenolic flavonoid, has been confirmed as a potential antimicrobial agent. Here, we evaluated the sub-MICs of luteolin for potential properties to modulate the UPEC infection. We found that luteolin significantly decreased the attachment and invasion of UPEC J96 or CFT073 in human bladder epithelial cell lines T24. Meanwhile, obvious decreased expression of type 1 fimbriae adhesin fimH gene, lower bacterial surface hydrophobicity and swimming motility, were observed in luteolin-pretreated UPEC. Furthermore, luteolin could attenuate UPEC-induced cytotoxicity in T24 cells, which manifested as decreased activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Simultaneously, the inhibition of luteolin on UPEC-induced cytotoxicity was confirmed by ethidium bromide/acridine orange staining. Finally, the luteolin-pretreated UPEC showed a lower ability of biofilm formation. Collectively, these results indicated that luteolin decreased the attachment and invasion of UPEC in bladder epithelial cells, attenuated UPEC-induced cytotoxicity and biofilm formation via down-regulating the expression of adhesin fimH gene, reducing the bacterial surface hydrophobicity and motility.
authors: Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors: Xiao-fei
authors: XF
authors: Shen
authors: Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors: Lai-bin
authors: LB
authors: Ren
authors: Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Teng
authors: Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors: Shuang
authors: S
authors: Zheng
authors: Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors: Xiao-long
authors: XL
authors: Yang
authors: Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors: Xiao-juan
authors: XJ
authors: Guo
authors: Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors: Xin-yuan
authors: XY
authors: Wang
authors: Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors: Kai-hui
authors: KH
authors: Sha
authors: Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors: Na
authors: N
authors: Li
authors: Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors: Guang-ya
authors: GY
authors: Xu
authors: Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Pharmacology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors: Han-wen
authors: HW
authors: Tian
authors: Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors: Xiao-ying
authors: XY
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Pharmacology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors: Xiao-kang
authors: XK
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. Electronic address: azure521@gmail.com.
authors: Jingyu
authors: J
authors: Li
authors: Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. Electronic address: huangpanxiao@sina.com.
authors: Ning
authors: N
authors: Huang
mesh_terms: D018830:Adhesins, Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000382:microbiology; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D036781:Fimbriae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D047311:Luteolin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000494:pharmacology; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000382:microbiology; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D056689:Uropathogenic Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D018830:Adhesins, Escherichia coli; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D059808:Polyphenols; C058769:fimH protein, E coli; D036781:Fimbriae Proteins; D047311:Luteolin
keywords: Attachment and invasion; Biofilm formation; Cytotoxicity; Luteolin; Urinary tract infection; Uropathogenic Escherichia coli