title: Association between Fok I vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) polymorphism and impulsivity in alcohol-dependent patients.
abstract: Vitamin D appears to have an important role in the modulation of the central nervous system. Vitamin D exerts its biological effects through its interaction with the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Located on chromosome 12 (12q13.1), the VDR gene has many different polymorphisms. Some of them are known to affect the VDR function, such as FokI (rs2228570, T/C) single nucleotide polymorphism. We aimed to explore a potential relationship between FokI VDR polymorphism and impulsiveness in alcohol-dependent (AD) patients. The study population consisted of 148 patients diagnosed with alcohol dependence (DSM-IV criteria) and 212 healthy controls. DNA was extracted from whole blood samples using the standard procedure. Genotypes were analyzed using a real-time PCR method. We found that FokI VDR gene polymorphism was associated with impulsivity [Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS)-11 total score; P = 0.014], and with attentional impulsivity (BIS-11 subscale; P = 0.002) in the male AD patients. Our results suggest that CC FokI genotype of the VDR gene is associated with a higher level of impulsivity in these patients. This finding supports the hypothesis that impulsiveness, which significantly contributes to development of alcohol dependence, has a genetic background.
authors: Department of Pharmacogenomics, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland, malgorzata.wrzosek@wum.edu.pl.
authors: Małgorzata
authors: M
authors: Wrzosek
authors: Andrzej
authors: A
authors: Jakubczyk
authors: Michał
authors: M
authors: Wrzosek
authors: Beata
authors: B
authors: Kaleta
authors: Jacek
authors: J
authors: Łukaszkiewicz
authors: Halina
authors: H
authors: Matsumoto
authors: Kirk
authors: K
authors: Brower
authors: Grażyna
authors: G
authors: Nowicka
authors: Marcin
authors: M
authors: Wojnar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002881:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007175:Impulsive Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011044:Poland; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000235:genetics*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol