title: Anti-angiogenic effect of auranofin on HUVECs in vitro and zebrafish in vivo.
abstract: Angiogenesis plays an essential role in many physiological and pathological processes. Auranofin (Ridaura®), an important gold(I) complex, is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. However, the effect of auranofin on blood vessel formation is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the anti-angiogenic activity of auranofin on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in vitro and zebrafish in vivo. Our results showed that auranofin could inhibit the proliferation, migration and tube formation of HUVECs and disrupted the formation of intersegmental vessels and the subintestinal vessels of zebrafish embryos. Auranofin inhibited the phosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor 2 (p-VEGFR2) on HUVECs and suppressed the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway (vegfa, flt-1, kdr) but not thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) on zebrafish. Our study suggested that auranofin might serve as a potential anti-angiogenic compound candidate.
authors: Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors: Ming-Fang
authors: MF
authors: He
authors: Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors: Xiao-Ping
authors: XP
authors: Gao
authors: Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors: Shu-Chun
authors: SC
authors: Li
authors: The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
authors: Zhi-Heng
authors: ZH
authors: He
authors: Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors: Ning
authors: N
authors: Chen
authors: Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors: Yu-Bin
authors: YB
authors: Wang
authors: Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China; Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA. Electronic address: jxshe@hotmail.com.
authors: Jin-Xiong
authors: JX
authors: She
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001310:Auranofin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000196:embryology / Q000502:physiology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D013880:Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase / Q000235:genetics; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 / Q000235:genetics; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015027:Zebrafish; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C583604:Vegfaa protein, zebrafish; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins; D001310:Auranofin; D013880:Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase; C583603:FLT1 protein, zebrafish; C000588866:KDR protein, human; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2
keywords: Angiogenesis inhibitor; Auranofin; Auranofin (PubChem CID: 24199313); HUVEC; Zebrafish