title: The effectiveness of riboflavin photochemical-mediated virus inactivation and changes in protein retention in fresh-frozen plasma treated using a flow-based treatment device.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A flow-based treatment device using riboflavin and ultraviolet (UV) light was developed to inactivate viruses in fresh-frozen plasma (FFP). The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effectiveness of virus inactivation and changes in protein quality in FFP treated with this device.
  
  
  METHODS
  FFP-contaminating viruses were treated with riboflavin and UV light using a one-pass linear flow device. The infectivity of viruses was measured using established biologic assays. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect damage to viral nucleotides after treatment. Treated plasma was analyzed using standard coagulation assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  FFP treated at the UV dose of 3.6 J/cm(2) (J) exhibited a mean reduction of virus titer of more than 4 logs. The effectiveness increased significantly at higher doses. Real-time PCR showed that the cycle threshold values for both complete inactivation and virus recultivation were higher than that of the untreated sample. At doses of 3.6, 5.4, and 7.2 J, the protein recovery rates were 60.2 ± 8.6, 46.6 ± 9.4, and 28.0 ± 1.0% for fibrinogen; 67.0 ± 3.1, 57.3 ± 8.0, and 49.2 ± 3.8% for Factor VIII; 93.6 ± 2.8, 89.6 ± 6.1, and 86.5 ± 5.3% for antithrombin-III; and 72.1 ± 5.6, 59.8 ± 14.2, and 49.2 ± 8.4% for Protein C, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The effectiveness of virus inactivation was enhanced, but total activity of plasma factors was reduced, in a UV dose-dependent manner.
authors: Department of Blood Transfusion, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors: Liguo
authors: L
authors: Zhu
authors: Jichun
authors: J
authors: Pan
authors: Chao
authors: C
authors: Wei
authors: Haibao
authors: H
authors: Wang
authors: Rong
authors: R
authors: Xiang
authors: Jingang
authors: J
authors: Zhang
authors: Deqing
authors: D
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001793:Blood Preservation; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D058731:Blood Safety / Q000295:instrumentation*; D017848:Blood-Borne Pathogens / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002460:Cell Line; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D010949:Plasma / Q000821:virology*; D011489:Protein Denaturation; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012256:Riboflavin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D019562:Viral Load; D014776:Virus Cultivation; D038301:Virus Inactivation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins; D004279:DNA, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral; D012256:Riboflavin