title: High prevalence of iron deficiency in patients with acute decompensated heart failure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Limited data are available on iron parameters in patients hospitalized for decompensation of chronic heart failure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Iron parameters of patients hospitalized for decompensation of chronic heart failure were prospectively assessed during the 72 h after hospital admission. Iron deficiency was defined according to the 2012 European Society of Cardiology Guidelines. Overall, 411 men (75 ± 12  years; 75% NYHA functional classes III/IV) and 421 women (81 ± 11 years; 71% NYHA classes III/IV) were evaluated. The prevalence of iron deficiency was 69% in men and 75% in women (including 41% and 49% with absolute iron deficiency, respectively). The prevalence of anaemia in men (<13 g/dL) was 68% and in women (<12 g/dL) it was 52%. Among non-anaemic patients, the prevalence of iron deficiency was 57% in men and 79% in women. Only 9% of patients received iron supplementation at the time of admission (oral, 9%; intravenous, 0.2%). Multivariate analysis showed that anaemia and antiplatelet treatment in men, and diabetes and low C-reactive protein in women, were independently associated with iron deficiency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Iron deficiency is very common in patients admitted for acute decompensated heart failure, even among non-anaemic patients. Given the benefit of iron therapy in chronic heart failure, our results emphasize the need to assess iron status not only in chronic heart failure patients, but even more so in those admitted for worsening heart failure, regardless of gender, heart failure severity, or haemoglobin level. Initiating iron therapy in hospitalized heart failure patients needs to be investigated.
authors: UMR-S 942, DHU FIRE, Medicine Faculty, Paris Diderot University, Department of Cardiology, Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
authors: Alain
authors: A
authors: Cohen-Solal
authors: Thibaud
authors: T
authors: Damy
authors: Mohamed
authors: M
authors: Terbah
authors: Sébastien
authors: S
authors: Kerebel
authors: Jean-Philippe
authors: JP
authors: Baguet
authors: Olivier
authors: O
authors: Hanon
authors: Faiez
authors: F
authors: Zannad
authors: Thierry
authors: T
authors: Laperche
authors: Christophe
authors: C
authors: Leclercq
authors: Victor
authors: V
authors: Concas
authors: Ladan
authors: L
authors: Duvillié
authors: Bernadette
authors: B
authors: Darné
authors: Stefan
authors: S
authors: Anker
authors: Alexandre
authors: A
authors: Mebazaa
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018798:Anemia, Iron-Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D007501:Iron
keywords: Acute decompensated heart failure; Anaemia; Chronic heart failure; Iron deficiency