title: Arthroscopic surgery for synovial chondromatosis of the hip: a systematic review of rates and predisposing factors for recurrence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Synovial chondromatosis of the hip is a benign condition whereby pain and functional limitations occur due to numerous intra-articular osteochondral fragments produced by a metaplastic synovium. Recurrence not only worsens morbidity but may lead to malignant transformation. With reported recurrence rates as high as 22% by open surgical approaches and given the increasing use of hip arthroscopy for the treatment of synovial chondromatosis, we sought to quantify the recurrence rate after arthroscopy, as well as identify predisposing factors for recurrence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using predetermined inclusion criteria, 3 electronic databases--Embase, Medline, and PubMed-were searched for relevant articles addressing arthroscopic surgery for synovial chondromatosis of the hip across all available dates up to and including February 16, 2014. A hand search of the reference sections of the included studies was also completed. Article screening was conducted in duplicate. Reviewer agreement statistics and descriptive statistics of the included studies are presented.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From an initial retrieval of 2,542 studies, 14 studies satisfied the criteria for inclusion. A total of 197 patients (age range, 13 to 81 years) underwent hip arthroscopy for removal of intra-articular osteochondral fragments and synovectomy to alleviate both mechanical symptoms and pain. Follow-up periods ranged from 1 to 184 months, with approximately 7.6% of patients (15 of 197) lost to follow-up. The recurrence rate after hip arthroscopy was 7.1% (14 of 197), and the rate of minor complications, such as perineal and pedal neurapraxia, was 1%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For synovial chondromatosis of the hip, arthroscopic removal of osteochondral fragments with synovectomy is both safe and effective, with a mean recurrence rate of 7.1%.
  
  
  METHODS
  Level IV, systematic review of Level IV studies.
authors: Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Darren
authors: D
authors: de Sa
authors: Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Nolan S
authors: NS
authors: Horner
authors: Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Austin
authors: A
authors: MacDonald
authors: Centre for Evidence-Based Orthopaedics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Nicole
authors: N
authors: Simunovic
authors: Juravinski Cancer Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Michelle A
authors: MA
authors: Ghert
authors: The Steadman Clinic, Vail, Colorado, U.S.A.
authors: Marc J
authors: MJ
authors: Philippon
authors: Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: femiayeni@gmail.com.
authors: Olufemi R
authors: OR
authors: Ayeni
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001182:Arthroscopy; D015838:Chondromatosis, Synovial / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D059032:Learning Curve; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult