title: Combined OX40 ligation plus CTLA-4 blockade: More than the sum of its parts.
abstract: It is becoming clear that combination strategies will be necessary to augment cancer immunotherapy. We report that combination anti-OX40/anti-CTLA-4 mAb immunotherapy improves survival by enhancing effector T cell expansion and function, even while inducing Th2 cytokine production. Furthermore, IL-4 blockade in addition to combination therapy significantly improved anti-tumor efficacy.
authors: Robert W Franz Cancer Research Center; Earle A Chiles Research Institute; Providence Portland Medical Center; Portland, OR USA.
authors: Stefanie N
authors: SN
authors: Linch
authors: Robert W Franz Cancer Research Center; Earle A Chiles Research Institute; Providence Portland Medical Center; Portland, OR USA.
authors: William L
authors: WL
authors: Redmond
keywords: SPAS-1; TRAMP-C1; anti-CTLA-4; anti-OX40; cancer; immunotherapy; interleukin-4; ipilimumab; lymphocyte; prostate cancer