title: Atypical Femoral Fractures: A Teaching Perspective.
abstract: This article provides an overview of atypical femoral fractures with a highlight on their radiographic findings. Potent antiresorptive agents such as bisphosphonates or denosumab have been associated with the development of such fractures. However, at this time, a causal association has not been conclusively established. Atypical femoral fractures are insufficiency fractures, which frequently present with bone pain. Early identification of characteristic radiographic features and withdrawal of antiresorptive therapy may prevent the development of completed atypical femoral fractures.
authors: Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: draliyakhan@gmail.com.
authors: Aliya A
authors: AA
authors: Khan
authors: Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
authors: William D
authors: WD
authors: Leslie
authors: Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Women's Health Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors: Brian
authors: B
authors: Lentle
authors: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
authors: Sian
authors: S
authors: Iles
authors: Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
authors: Stephanie M
authors: SM
authors: Kaiser
authors: Assiniboine Clinic and Mature Women's Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
authors: Heather
authors: H
authors: Frame
authors: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
authors: Steven
authors: S
authors: Burrell
authors: Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Angela M
authors: AM
authors: Cheung
mesh_terms: D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000009:adverse effects; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D000069448:Denosumab; D018483:Diaphyses / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000009:adverse effects; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy; D005598:Fractures, Spontaneous / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D011859:Radiography
chemical_list: D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D004164:Diphosphonates; D000069448:Denosumab
keywords: Atypical femoral fractures; Bisphosphonates; Bone scan; Computed tomography; Imaging