title: Genome-based analysis of the transcriptome from mature chickpea root nodules.
abstract: Symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) in root nodules of grain legumes such as chickpea is a highly complex process that drastically affects the gene expression patterns of both the prokaryotic as well as eukaryotic interacting cells. A successfully established symbiotic relationship requires mutual signaling mechanisms and a continuous adaptation of the metabolism of the involved cells to varying environmental conditions. Although some of these processes are well understood today many of the molecular mechanisms underlying SNF, especially in chickpea, remain unclear. Here, we reannotated our previously published transcriptome data generated by deepSuperSAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression) to the recently published draft genome of chickpea to assess the root- and nodule-specific transcriptomes of the eukaryotic host cells. The identified gene expression patterns comprise up to 71 significantly differentially expressed genes and the expression of twenty of these was validated by quantitative real-time PCR with the tissues from five independent biological replicates. Many of the differentially expressed transcripts were found to encode proteins implicated in sugar metabolism, antioxidant defense as well as biotic and abiotic stress responses of the host cells, and some of them were already known to contribute to SNF in other legumes. The differentially expressed genes identified in this study represent candidates that can be used for further characterization of the complex molecular mechanisms underlying SNF in chickpea.
authors: Institute for Molecular BioSciences, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main Frankfurt am Main, Germany ; GenXPro GmbH, Frankfurt Biotechnology Innovation Center (FIZ) Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors: Fabian
authors: F
authors: Afonso-Grunz
authors: GenXPro GmbH, Frankfurt Biotechnology Innovation Center (FIZ) Frankfurt am Main, Germany ; Plant Breeding Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel Kiel, Germany.
authors: Carlos
authors: C
authors: Molina
authors: GenXPro GmbH, Frankfurt Biotechnology Innovation Center (FIZ) Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors: Klaus
authors: K
authors: Hoffmeier
authors: GenXPro GmbH, Frankfurt Biotechnology Innovation Center (FIZ) Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors: Lukas
authors: L
authors: Rycak
authors: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics Hyderabad, India.
authors: Himabindu
authors: H
authors: Kudapa
authors: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics Hyderabad, India.
authors: Rajeev K
authors: RK
authors: Varshney
authors: French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Eco&Sols Montpellier-Cedex, France.
authors: Jean-Jacques
authors: JJ
authors: Drevon
authors: GenXPro GmbH, Frankfurt Biotechnology Innovation Center (FIZ) Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Winter
authors: Institute for Molecular BioSciences, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main Frankfurt am Main, Germany ; GenXPro GmbH, Frankfurt Biotechnology Innovation Center (FIZ) Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors: Günter
authors: G
authors: Kahl
keywords: Cicer arietinum; chickpea genome sequence; deepSuperSAGE; gene expression profiling; root nodules; symbiotic nitrogen fixation