title: Standardized description of scientific evidence using the Evidence Ontology (ECO).
abstract: The Evidence Ontology (ECO) is a structured, controlled vocabulary for capturing evidence in biological research. ECO includes diverse terms for categorizing evidence that supports annotation assertions including experimental types, computational methods, author statements and curator inferences. Using ECO, annotation assertions can be distinguished according to the evidence they are based on such as those made by curators versus those automatically computed or those made via high-throughput data review versus single test experiments. Originally created for capturing evidence associated with Gene Ontology annotations, ECO is now used in other capacities by many additional annotation resources including UniProt, Mouse Genome Informatics, Saccharomyces Genome Database, PomBase, the Protein Information Resource and others. Information on the development and use of ECO can be found at http://evidenceontology.org. The ontology is freely available under Creative Commons license (CC BY-SA 3.0), and can be downloaded in both Open Biological Ontologies and Web Ontology Language formats at http://code.google.com/p/evidenceontology. Also at this site is a tracker for user submission of term requests and questions. ECO remains under active development in response to user-requested terms and in collaborations with other ontologies and database resources. Database URL: Evidence Ontology Web site: http://evidenceontology.org.
authors: Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, Genomics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Saccharomyces Genome Database, Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD UK, Department of Epidemiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA and Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USAInstitute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, Genomics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Saccharomyces Genome Database, Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD UK, Department of Epidemiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA and Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA mchibucos@som.umaryland.edu.
authors: Marcus C
authors: MC
authors: Chibucos
authors: Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, Genomics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Saccharomyces Genome Database, Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD UK, Department of Epidemiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA and Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
authors: Christopher J
authors: CJ
authors: Mungall
authors: Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, Genomics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Saccharomyces Genome Database, Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD UK, Department of Epidemiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA and Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
authors: Rama
authors: R
authors: Balakrishnan
authors: Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, Genomics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Saccharomyces Genome Database, Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD UK, Department of Epidemiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA and Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
authors: Karen R
authors: KR
authors: Christie
authors: Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, Genomics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Saccharomyces Genome Database, Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD UK, Department of Epidemiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA and Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
authors: Rachael P
authors: RP
authors: Huntley
authors: Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, Genomics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Saccharomyces Genome Database, Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD UK, Department of Epidemiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA and Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USAInstitute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, Genomics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Saccharomyces Genome Database, Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD UK, Department of Epidemiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA and Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
authors: Owen
authors: O
authors: White
authors: Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, Genomics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Saccharomyces Genome Database, Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD UK, Department of Epidemiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA and Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
authors: Judith A
authors: JA
authors: Blake
authors: Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, Genomics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Saccharomyces Genome Database, Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD UK, Department of Epidemiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA and Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
authors: Suzanna E
authors: SE
authors: Lewis
authors: Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, Genomics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Saccharomyces Genome Database, Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD UK, Department of Epidemiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA and Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USAInstitute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, Genomics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Saccharomyces Genome Database, Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD UK, Department of Epidemiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA and Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
authors: Michelle
authors: M
authors: Giglio
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030541:Databases, Genetic; D023281:Genomics / Q000379:methods*; D020407:Internet; D051379:Mice; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation / Q000379:methods*; D012440:Saccharomyces; D018875:Vocabulary, Controlled