title: The effect of chromium picolinate supplementation on the pancreas and macroangiopathy in type II diabetes mellitus rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim was to explore the effect of the chromium picolinate (CrPic) administration on the pancreas and macroangiopathy of type II diabetes mellitus rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  The type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rat model was induced by low-dose streptozotocin (STZ). The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (ten rats in each group). After supplementing CrPic for 15 weeks, the histopathological examination was performed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Serum insulin and NO level were determined by radioimmunoassay and colorimetry, respectively. Serum glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), adiponectin (APN), advanced glycation end products (AGES), and apelin were measured by ELISA. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was applied for detecting the mRNA expression of APN and apelin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After CrPic treatment, compared with the T2DM control group (group 2), pancreas sections stained with HE showed the completed pancreatic cells structure and no inflammatory infiltration in groups 4 and 5. In addition, the levels of serum NO and insulin were significantly increased and the serum levels of HbA1C, AGES, APN, and apelin were significantly decreased in groups 4 and 5 compared with group 2. The mRNA expression of APN and apelin in groups 4 and 5 was also recovered to the normal level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CrPic can recover the function of Β-cells and alleviate macroangiopathy in STZ-induced T2DM rats.
authors: Shanghai Tong Ren Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Xianxia Road No. 1111, Changning District, Shanghai 200336, China.
authors: Shan
authors: S
authors: Huang
authors: Shanghai Tong Ren Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Xianxia Road No. 1111, Changning District, Shanghai 200336, China.
authors: Wenfang
authors: W
authors: Peng
authors: Shanghai Tong Ren Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Xianxia Road No. 1111, Changning District, Shanghai 200336, China.
authors: Xiaohong
authors: X
authors: Jiang
authors: Shanghai Tong Ren Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Xianxia Road No. 1111, Changning District, Shanghai 200336, China.
authors: Kan
authors: K
authors: Shao
authors: Shanghai Tong Ren Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Xianxia Road No. 1111, Changning District, Shanghai 200336, China.
authors: Lili
authors: L
authors: Xia
authors: Shanghai Tong Ren Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Xianxia Road No. 1111, Changning District, Shanghai 200336, China.
authors: Yubin
authors: Y
authors: Tang
authors: Shanghai Tong Ren Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Xianxia Road No. 1111, Changning District, Shanghai 200336, China.
authors: Jiayin
authors: J
authors: Qiu
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D000073861:Apelin; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003124:Colorimetry; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000097:blood; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000097:blood; D007502:Iron Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood; D010179:Pancreas / Q000187:drug effects*; D010848:Picolinic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D000073861:Apelin; D017931:DNA Primers; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D007328:Insulin; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007502:Iron Chelating Agents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D010848:Picolinic Acids; C498579:Apln protein, rat; C030614:picolinic acid