title: Epileptic focus and alteration of metabolism.
abstract: Epilepsy is one of the most common neurologic disorders affecting a substantial part of the population worldwide. Epileptic seizures represent the situation of increased neuronal activity associated with the enhanced demands for sufficient energy supply. For that purpose, very efficient regulatory mechanisms have to operate to ensure that cerebral blood flow, delivery of oxygen, and nutrients are continuously adapted to the local metabolic needs. The sophisticated regulation has to function in concert at several levels (systemic, tissue, cellular, and subcellular). Particularly, mitochondria play a key role not only in the energy production, but they are also central to many other processes including those leading to neuronal death. Impairment of any of the involved pathways can result in serious functional alterations, neurodegeneration, and potentially in epileptogenesis. The present review will address some of the important issues concerning vascular and metabolic changes in pathophysiology of epilepsy.
authors: Institute of Physiology, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic. Electronic address: jotahal@epilepsy.biomed.cas.cz.
authors: Jakub
authors: J
authors: Otáhal
authors: Institute of Physiology, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors: Jaroslava
authors: J
authors: Folbergrová
authors: Institute for Neurophysiology, Charité-Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors: Richard
authors: R
authors: Kovacs
authors: Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
authors: Wolfram S
authors: WS
authors: Kunz
authors: Department of Neurology, The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel; Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel.
authors: Nicola
authors: N
authors: Maggio
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial
keywords: Blood brain barrier; Cerebral blood flow; Energy metabolism; Epilepsy; Epileptogenesis; Mitochondria; Oxidative posttranslational modifications; Pharmacoresistance; Reactive oxygen species; mtDNA mutations