title: Systematic review of new medics' clinical task experience by country.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is a need for research which informs on the overall size and significance of clinical skills deficits among new medics, globally. There is also the need for a meta-review of the similarities and differences between countries in the clinical skills deficits of new medics.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic review of published literature produced 68 articles from Google/Google Scholar, of which nine met the inclusion criteria (quantitative clinical skills data about new medical doctors).
  
  
  METHODS
  One thousand three hundred twenty-nine new medical doctors (e.g. foundation year-1s, interns, postgraduate year-1 doctors).
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten countries/regions.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred twenty-three data points and representation of a broad range of clinical procedures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average rate of inexperience with a wide range of clinical procedures was 35.92% (lower confidence interval [CI] 30.84, upper CI 40.99). The preliminary meta-analysis showed that the overall deficit in experience is significantly different from 0 in all countries. Focusing on a smaller selection of clinical skills such as catheterisation, IV cannulation, nasogastric tubing and venepuncture, the average rate of inexperience was 26.75% (lower CI 18.55, upper CI 35.54) and also significant. England presented the lowest average deficit (9.15%), followed by New Zealand (18.33%), then South Africa (19.53%), Egypt, Kuwait, Gulf Cooperation Council countries and Ireland (21.07%), after which was Nigeria (37.99%), then USA (38.5%) and Iran (44.75%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A meta-analysis is needed to include data not yet in the public domain from more countries. These results provide some support for the UK General Medical Council's clear, detailed curriculum, which has been heralded by other countries as good practice.
authors: Department of Organizational Psychology, Birkbeck, University of London, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, UK.
authors: Caroline
authors: C
authors: Kamau
keywords: clinical skills; foundation doctors; induction/orientation; medical education; medical interns