title: Acute and perinatal programming effects of a fat-rich diet on rat muscle mitochondrial function and hepatic lipid accumulation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Maternal high-fat intake during pregnancy may have long-term consequences in the offspring. Since this might relate to the capacity of mitochondrial metabolic adaptation and hepatic lipid metabolism, we investigated how maternal high-fat intake affected mitochondrial function and hepatic steatosis in the offspring.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a high-fat (20% w/w) or a control diet (chow, C) from 10 days before pregnancy and throughout lactation. At weaning the litters were split into two groups; one was continued on the maternal diet and the other was fed low-fat chow.
  
  
  METHODS
  Skeletal muscle mitochondria and liver lipids.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mitochondrial respiration and hepatic lipid content were determined during and after weaning, on days 20 and 70 postpartum.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mitochondrial function and hepatic lipids.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 20 days, maternal high-fat diet caused increased Vo2max with pyruvate as substrate (p=0.047), at 70 days, pups born by C-dams, but not those born by high-fat-dams, showed increased oxidation of palmitoylcarnitine in the absence of ADP (p=0.018). Rates of ADP-stimulated oxygen consumption, maximal respiratory capacity and mitochondrial respiratory control ratio with pyruvate, increased post weaning (p<0.001), whereas respiratory control ratio with palmitoylcarnitine decreased (p=0.013). The increase in respiratory control ratio was most pronounced in pups from C-dams (p=0.05). The high-fat-diet caused pronounced hepatic steatosis in pups at weaning (p<0.001), without concomitant ceramide accumulation, while high-fat-feeding after weaning induced triacylglycerol and ceramide accumulation (p<0.01), regardless of maternal diet.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intake of a fat-rich diet during pregnancy and lactation reduced the age-induced increases in un-coupled fat oxidation.
authors: Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
authors: Lars I
authors: LI
authors: Hellgren
authors: Runa I
authors: RI
authors: Jensen
authors: Michelle S G
authors: MS
authors: Waterstradt
authors: Bjørn
authors: B
authors: Quistorff
authors: Lotte
authors: L
authors: Lauritzen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D047109:Fetal Development; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008931:Mitochondria, Muscle / Q000378:metabolism*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D039401:Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen
keywords: High-fat diet; maternal diet; metabolic syndrome; non-alcoholic fatty liver; respiratory coupling ratio