title: Hydrothermal synthesis and thermal evolution of carbonate-fluorhydroxyapatite scaffold from cuttlefish bones.
abstract: Phase composition, crystal structure and morphology of carbonated fluor/hydroxyapatite synthesized hydrothermally from aragonitic cuttlefish bones were studied by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The product of synthesis has been characterized as carbonated fluor/hydroxyapatite with carbonate incorporated inside channel (A-type) and substituted for the PO4(3-) group (B-type). The vibration band at 874 cm(-1) assigned to bending (ν2) mode undoubtedly confirmed carbonate substituted for PO4(3-) group, while the band at 880 cm(-1) was attributed to A-type carbonate substitution. The additional sharp and intense band at 865 cm(-1) considered as "non-apatitic" carbonate substitution is not assigned with certainty so far. Evolution of CO2 from tetrahedral (PO4(3-)) sites with the increase in heat-treatment temperature is evident by the changes in tetrahedral bond lengths and angles, as obtained by the Rietveld structure refinement. Also, changes in the isotropic temperature parameters for the 2a site point to A-type carbonate incorporation as well.
authors: Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, Zagreb, Croatia. Electronic address: etkalcec@fkit.hr.
authors: Emilija
authors: E
authors: Tkalčec
authors: Division of Materials Physics, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, Zagreb, Croatia.
authors: Jasminka
authors: J
authors: Popović
authors: Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, Zagreb, Croatia.
authors: Sebastijan
authors: S
authors: Orlić
authors: Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, Zagreb, Croatia.
authors: Stjepan
authors: S
authors: Milardović
authors: Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, Zagreb, Croatia.
authors: Hrvoje
authors: H
authors: Ivanković
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000737:chemistry*; D002254:Carbonates / Q000737:chemistry*; D049832:Decapodiformes / Q000737:chemistry*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006882:Hydroxyapatites / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*; D014732:Vibration
chemical_list: D002254:Carbonates; D006882:Hydroxyapatites; C028869:fluor-hydroxylapatite
keywords: Carbonated fluor/hydroxyapatite; FTIR; Hydrothermal synthesis; Thermal decomposition; XRD Rietveld structure refinement