title: Long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes after preterm birth.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  All over the the world, preterm birth is a major cause of death and important neurodevelopmental disorders. Approximately 9.6% (12.9 million) births worldwide are preterm.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this review, databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, ISI, Scopus, Google Scholar and Iranian databases including Iranmedex, and SID were researched to review relevant literature. A comprehensive search was performed using combinations of various keywords.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cerebral palsy especially spastic diplegia, intellectual disability, visual (retinopathy of prematurity) and hearing impairments are the main neurodevelopmental disorders associated with prematurity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increased survival of preterm infants was not associated with lower complications. There is now increasing evidence of sustained adverse outcomes into school age and adolescence, for preterm infants.
authors: Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors: Farin
authors: F
authors: Soleimani
authors: Department of Midwifery, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, IR Iran.
authors: Farzaneh
authors: F
authors: Zaheri
authors: Students Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors: Fatemeh
authors: F
authors: Abdi
keywords: Impairment; Low Birth Weight; Neurodevelopment; Preterm Birth