title: Duration of type 2 diabetes and very low density lipoprotein levels are associated with cognitive dysfunction in metabolic syndrome.
abstract: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is now recognized as an independent risk factor for accelerated cognitive decline and neurological conditions like Alzheimer's disease. Less is known about the neurocognitive function of T2D patients with comorbid metabolic syndrome, despite their elevated risk for impairment. Computerized testing in 47 adults with T2D that met criteria for NCEP metabolic syndrome revealed that cognitive impairment was prevalent, including 13% in tests of memory, 50% in attention, and 35% in executive function. Partial correlations showed that longer duration of diabetes was associated with poorer performance on tests of basic attention (r = -0.43), working memory (r = 0.43), and executive function (r = 0.42). Strong associations between very low density lipoprotein and poor cognitive function also emerged, including tests of set shifting (r = 0.47) and cognitive inhibition (r = -0.51). Findings suggest that patients with T2D that meet criteria for metabolic syndrome are at high risk for cognitive impairment. Prospective studies should look to replicate these findings and examine the possible neuroprotective effects of lipid-lowering medication in this population.
authors: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
authors: Divya
authors: D
authors: Yogi-Morren
authors: Department of Psychology, Kent State University, 238 Kent Hall Addition, Kent, OH 44242, USA.
authors: Rachel
authors: R
authors: Galioto
authors: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
authors: Sarah Elizabeth
authors: SE
authors: Strandjord
authors: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Kennedy
authors: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
authors: Pooja
authors: P
authors: Manroa
authors: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
authors: John P
authors: JP
authors: Kirwan
authors: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
authors: Sangeeta
authors: S
authors: Kashyap
authors: Department of Psychology, Kent State University, 238 Kent Hall Addition, Kent, OH 44242, USA.
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Gunstad