title: Porcine sperm capacitation involves tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of aldose reductase.
abstract: Mammalian sperm must be activated in the tubal isthmus through capacitation to induce the acrosome reaction and subsequent fertilization. Although the molecular mechanisms involved in capacitation have yet to be fully elucidated, increased concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the extent of tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins have been suggested to play central roles in the completion of capacitation. In this study, aldose reductase was for the first time identified as one of the tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins involved in the capacitation of porcine cauda epididymal sperm. Both tyrosine phosphorylation and activity of aldose reductase associated with the particulate fraction of sperm cells were significantly enhanced during capacitation. Alrestatin, a membrane-permeable and specific inhibitor of aldose reductase, plays a role in the inhibition of aldose reductase activity, elevation of intracellular levels of ROS, and induction of hyperactivated motility, all at similar dose dependencies. Alrestatin canceled both the increase in the tyrosine phosphorylation of aldose reductase and the decrease in the glutathione levels in sperm-induced during capacitation. The hyperactivated motility was induced to a higher extent in the presence of glucose than in the presence of fructose. These results indicate that aldose reductase plays an important role in induction of hyperactivation and capacitation of sperm through the elevation of ROS in sperm cells. Furthermore, aldose reductase was shown to be added to sperm during transit through the epididymis, suggesting that aldose reductase is one of the key proteins that support the functional maturation of sperm.
authors: Graduate School of Comprehensive Human SciencesUniversity of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, JapanCenter for Humanities and SciencesIbaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ami 4669-2, Ami, Ibaraki 300-0394, JapanDivision of Animal SciencesNational Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, JapanGraduate School of ScienceUniversity of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan Graduate School of Comprehensive Human SciencesUniversity of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, JapanCenter for Humanities and SciencesIbaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ami 4669-2, Ami, Ibaraki 300-0394, JapanDivision of Animal SciencesNational Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, JapanGraduate School of ScienceUniversity of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors: Yuki
authors: Y
authors: Katoh
authors: Graduate School of Comprehensive Human SciencesUniversity of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, JapanCenter for Humanities and SciencesIbaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ami 4669-2, Ami, Ibaraki 300-0394, JapanDivision of Animal SciencesNational Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, JapanGraduate School of ScienceUniversity of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors: Kohsuke
authors: K
authors: Takebayashi
authors: Graduate School of Comprehensive Human SciencesUniversity of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, JapanCenter for Humanities and SciencesIbaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ami 4669-2, Ami, Ibaraki 300-0394, JapanDivision of Animal SciencesNational Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, JapanGraduate School of ScienceUniversity of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors: Akihiko
authors: A
authors: Kikuchi
authors: Graduate School of Comprehensive Human SciencesUniversity of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, JapanCenter for Humanities and SciencesIbaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ami 4669-2, Ami, Ibaraki 300-0394, JapanDivision of Animal SciencesNational Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, JapanGraduate School of ScienceUniversity of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors: Ayumi
authors: A
authors: Iki
authors: Graduate School of Comprehensive Human SciencesUniversity of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, JapanCenter for Humanities and SciencesIbaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ami 4669-2, Ami, Ibaraki 300-0394, JapanDivision of Animal SciencesNational Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, JapanGraduate School of ScienceUniversity of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors: Kazuhiro
authors: K
authors: Kikuchi
authors: Graduate School of Comprehensive Human SciencesUniversity of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, JapanCenter for Humanities and SciencesIbaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ami 4669-2, Ami, Ibaraki 300-0394, JapanDivision of Animal SciencesNational Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, JapanGraduate School of ScienceUniversity of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors: Michiko
authors: M
authors: Tamba
authors: Graduate School of Comprehensive Human SciencesUniversity of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, JapanCenter for Humanities and SciencesIbaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ami 4669-2, Ami, Ibaraki 300-0394, JapanDivision of Animal SciencesNational Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, JapanGraduate School of ScienceUniversity of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors: Akihiro
authors: A
authors: Kawashima
authors: Graduate School of Comprehensive Human SciencesUniversity of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, JapanCenter for Humanities and SciencesIbaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ami 4669-2, Ami, Ibaraki 300-0394, JapanDivision of Animal SciencesNational Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, JapanGraduate School of ScienceUniversity of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors: Manabu
authors: M
authors: Matsuda
authors: Graduate School of Comprehensive Human SciencesUniversity of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, JapanCenter for Humanities and SciencesIbaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ami 4669-2, Ami, Ibaraki 300-0394, JapanDivision of Animal SciencesNational Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, JapanGraduate School of ScienceUniversity of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan Graduate School of Comprehensive Human SciencesUniversity of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, JapanCenter for Humanities and SciencesIbaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ami 4669-2, Ami, Ibaraki 300-0394, JapanDivision of Animal SciencesNational Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, JapanGraduate School of ScienceUniversity of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan naooka@md.tsukuba.ac.jp.
authors: Naomichi
authors: N
authors: Okamura
mesh_terms: D000449:Aldehyde Reductase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005632:Fructose / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013075:Sperm Capacitation / Q000187:drug effects; D013081:Sperm Motility; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D013552:Swine; D014443:Tyrosine
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D005632:Fructose; D014443:Tyrosine; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase; D005978:Glutathione; D005947:Glucose