title: Structural basis of glycan interaction in gastroenteric viral pathogens.
abstract: A critical event in the life cycle of a virus is its initial attachment to host cells. This involves recognition by the viruses of specific receptors on the cell surface, including glycans. Viruses typically exhibit strain-dependent variations in recognizing specific glycan receptors, a feature that contributes significantly to cell tropism, host specificity, host adaptation and interspecies transmission. Examples include influenza viruses, noroviruses, rotaviruses, and parvoviruses. Both rotaviruses and noroviruses are well known gastroenteric pathogens that are of significant global health concern. While rotaviruses, in the family Reoviridae, are the major causative agents of life-threatening diarrhea in children, noroviruses, which belong to the Caliciviridae family, cause epidemic and sporadic cases of acute gastroenteritis across all age groups. Both exhibit enormous genotypic and serotypic diversity. Consistent with this diversity each exhibits strain-dependent variations in the types of glycans they recognize for cell attachment. This chapter reviews the current status of the structural biology of such strain-dependent glycan specificities in these two families of viruses.
authors: Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States; Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States. Electronic address: vprasad@bcm.edu.
authors: B V
authors: BV
authors: Venkataram Prasad
authors: Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
authors: Sreejesh
authors: S
authors: Shanker
authors: Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
authors: Liya
authors: L
authors: Hu
authors: Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
authors: Jae-Mun
authors: JM
authors: Choi
authors: Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
authors: Sue E
authors: SE
authors: Crawford
authors: Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
authors: Sasirekha
authors: S
authors: Ramani
authors: Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
authors: Rita
authors: R
authors: Czako
authors: Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
authors: Robert L
authors: RL
authors: Atmar
authors: Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
authors: Mary K
authors: MK
authors: Estes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D029322:Norovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D011134:Polysaccharides; D011991:Receptors, Virus