title: A study of snake bite among children presenting to a paediatric ward in the main Teaching Hospital of North Central province of Sri Lanka.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Snake bite is a common problem in the North Central province of Sri Lanka. Common krait (Bungarus careuleus), Ceylon krait (Bungarus ceylonicus), Cobra (Naja naja), Russell's viper (Daboia russelii), Saw-scaled viper (Echis carinatus) and Hump-nosed pit viper (Hypnale hypnale) are the six species of venomous land snakes in Sri Lanka. A significant number of adults and children are bitten by snakes every year. However, the majority of research studies done in Sri Lanka and other countries show adults bitten by snakes and studies describing children bitten by snakes are very sparse.
  
  
  METHODS
  A descriptive cross sectional study was performed in the Teaching Hospital Anuradhapura in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka from May 2010 to 2011 May to describe the characteristics associated with cases of snake bite.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 24 males and 20 females. The highest numbers of bites (48%) were in the range of ages 6-12 years. The majority of the bites occurred between 6 pm to 6 am (59%).The foot was the most common bitten site (48%). Out of all the venomous bites, the Hump-nosed pit viper (Hypnale hypnale) accounted for the highest number (44%) and Russell's viper (Daboia ruselii) accounted for the second highest number (27%). A significant number of venomous bites occurred indoors while sleeping (22%). Antivenom serum was given to (39%) of venomous bites. Deaths occurred in (11%) of the venomous bites.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hump-nosed pit viper (Hypnale hypnale) accounted for the highest number of venomous bites. Majority of the bites occurred between 6 pm and 6 am. Foot was the most common bitten site. A significant number of venomous bites occurred indoor while sleeping. Antivenom serum was given to a significant number of venomous bites. Educating the public on making their houses snake proof and using a torch when going out during night time will help in the prevention of getting bitten by snakes.
authors: Roshini Kilanthi
authors: RK
authors: Karunanayake
authors: Dissanayake Mohottalage Randima
authors: DM
authors: Dissanayake
authors: College of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences, National University of Fiji, Suva, Fiji. aranjan1368@gmail.com.
authors: Aranjan Lionel
authors: AL
authors: Karunanayake
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012909:Snake Bites / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012910:Snake Venoms / Q000009:adverse effects; D013188:Sri Lanka / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D012910:Snake Venoms