title: Prevalence of paracoccidioidomycosis infection by intradermal reaction in rural areas in Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
abstract: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of paracoccidioidal infection by intradermal reaction (Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity, DTH) to Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in rural areas in Alfenas, Southern Minas Gerais (MG) State, Brazil, and to assess risk factors (gender, occupation, age, alcohol intake and smoking) associated with infection. We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study using intradermal tests with gp 43 paracoccidioidin in 542 participants, who were previously contacted by local health agents and so spontaneously attended the test. Participants underwent an interview by filling out a registration form with epidemiological data and were tested with an intradermal administration of 0.1 mL of paracoccidioidin in the left forearm. The test was read 48 hours after injection and was considered positive if induration was greater than or equal to 5 mm. Out of 542 participants, 46.67% were positive to the skin test. Prevalence increased in accordance with an increase of age. There was statistical significance only for males. Occupation, alcohol intake and smoking habits were not significantly associated with the risk of paracoccidioidomycosis infection. There is relevance of paracoccidioidomycosis infection in such rural areas, which suggests that further epidemiological and clinical studies on this mycosis should be done in the southern part of Minas Gerais State.
authors: Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
authors: Evandro Monteiro de Sá
authors: EM
authors: Magalhães
authors: Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
authors: Carla de Fátima
authors: Cde F
authors: Ribeiro
authors: Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
authors: Carla Silva
authors: CS
authors: Dâmaso
authors: Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
authors: Luiz Felipe Leomil
authors: LF
authors: Coelho
authors: Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
authors: Roberta Ribeiro
authors: RR
authors: Silva
authors: Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
authors: Eric Batista
authors: EB
authors: Ferreira
authors: Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
authors: Maria Rita
authors: MR
authors: Rodrigues
authors: Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Estado de São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Zoilo Pires de
authors: ZP
authors: Camargo
authors: Departamento de Clínica Odontológica, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, ES, Brazil.
authors: Tânia Regina Grão
authors: TR
authors: Velloso
authors: Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
authors: Luiz Cosme Cotta
authors: LC
authors: Malaquias
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000946:Antigens, Fungal / Q000276:immunology*; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D006801:Humans; D007428:Intradermal Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010228:Paracoccidioides / Q000276:immunology*; D010229:Paracoccidioidomycosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012424:Rural Population; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000946:Antigens, Fungal; D005656:Fungal Proteins; C008765:paracoccidioidin