title: Intramolecular indicator displacement assay for anions: supramolecular sensor for glyphosate.
abstract: One of the well-known strategies for anion sensing is an indicator (dye) displacement assay. However, the disadvantage of the dye displacement assays is the low sensitivity due to the excess of the dye used. To overcome this setback, we have developed an "Intramolecular Indicator Displacement Assay (IIDA)". The IIDAs comprise a receptor and a spacer with an attached anionic chromophore in a single-molecule assembly. In the resting state, the environment-sensitive anionic chromophore is bound by the receptor, while the anionic substrate competes for binding into the receptor. The photophysical properties of the dye exhibit change in fluorescence when displaced by anions, which results in cross-reactive response. To illustrate the concept, we have prepared IID sensors 1 and 2. Here, the characterization of sensors and microtiter arrays comprising the IIDA are reported. The microtiter array including IID sensors 1 and 2 is capable of recognizing biological phosphates in water. The utility of the IIDA approach is demonstrated on sensing of a phosphonate herbicide glyphosate and other biologically important anions such as pyrophosphate in the presence of interferent sodium chloride.
authors: Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University , Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States.
authors: Tsuyoshi
authors: T
authors: Minami
authors: Yuanli
authors: Y
authors: Liu
authors: Ali
authors: A
authors: Akdeniz
authors: Petr
authors: P
authors: Koutnik
authors: Nina A
authors: NA
authors: Esipenko
authors: Ryuhei
authors: R
authors: Nishiyabu
authors: Yuji
authors: Y
authors: Kubo
authors: Pavel
authors: P
authors: Anzenbacher
mesh_terms: D000838:Anions; D002712:Chlorides / Q000737:chemistry; D011756:Diphosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D004573:Electrolytes; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry*; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D006540:Herbicides / Q000737:chemistry*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction; D000097797:Glyphosate
chemical_list: D000838:Anions; D002712:Chlorides; D011756:Diphosphates; D004573:Electrolytes; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005998:Glycine; D006540:Herbicides; D010710:Phosphates; D011108:Polymers; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D014867:Water; D000097797:Glyphosate; C107241:diphosphoric acid