title: Short-term effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy on clinical measures of impaired glucose tolerance in people with prediabetes and chronic periodontitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Diabetes and periodontal disease are conditions considered to be biologically linked. Prediabetes is a condition in which individuals have blood glucose levels, impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or glycated hemoglobin (A1C) levels higher than normal but not high enough to be classified as diabetes. Few human studies address the relationship between periodontitis and prediabetes or clarify an association between periodontitis and prediabetes. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the impact of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on clinical measures of glycemic control in prediabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prediabetes measures of IFG, IGT, A1C and periodontal measures of pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), plaque index (PI) and gingival index (GI) were taken at baseline and 3 months in 12 subjects with prediabetes and chronic slight to moderate periodontitis. Blood samples were taken from each subject following an 8 hour fast. This study controlled for changes in medications, body-mass index, physical activity and diet.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Comparison of mean prediabetes and periodontal measures from baseline and post-treatment at 3 months demonstrated clinical improvement for both periodontal and prediabetes measures. A mean reduction in PD of 0.27 (p=0.003), CAL of 0.32 (p=0.050) and A1C of 0.19 (p=0.015) reached statistical significance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This pilot study suggests NSPT improves A1C and periodontal measures at 3 months. The robustness of measures is limited due to the small sample size and lack of a control group. Further larger scale studies using a randomized control design would be informative.
authors: Lori J
authors: LJ
authors: Giblin
authors: Linda D
authors: LD
authors: Boyd
authors: Lori
authors: L
authors: Rainchuso
authors: Dianne
authors: D
authors: Chadbourne
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000628:therapy*; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D004032:Diet; D005215:Fasting; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000097:blood*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D009043:Motor Activity; D009910:Oral Hygiene / Q000193:education; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000628:therapy; D057747:Periodontal Debridement / Q000379:methods*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000628:therapy; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000097:blood*; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin
keywords: A1C; diabetes mellitus; glycated hemoglobin; impaired fasting glucose; impaired glucose tolerance; prediabetes