title: Polyphenols profile and antioxidant activity of skin and pulp of a rare apple from Marche region (Italy).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Apples are an important source of polyphenols in the human diet and the consumption of this fruit has been linked to the prevention of degenerative diseases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CATECHINS, PROCYANIDINS, HYDROXYCINNAMIC ACIDS, FLAVONOL GLYCOSIDES, DIHYDROCHALCONE GLYCOSIDES AND ONE ANTHOCYANIN: cyanidin-3-O-galactoside, were identified both in the peel and pulp. Procyanidins, catechins and flavonols represent the main constituents of peel. Concerning the antioxidant activity, in the reduction of the stable DPPH radical and in the inhibition of lipid peroxidation, the ethanolic extracts of red peel and red pulp showed a good similar activity comparable to ascorbic acid in the DPPH test and about ten times more active than BHT in the lipoxygenase test, and were much more active than aqueous extracts. The ORAC value of red pulp aqueous extract resulted comparable to that of red berries: vaccinium, rubus and ribes, foods appreciated for their health value.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This apple contains an appreciable amount of polyphenols also in the flesh; this variety with red flesh can also be useful for researchers engaged in apples varietal innovation in addition to being used as food apple.
authors: Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via Bramante 28, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy.
authors: Giovanna
authors: G
authors: Giomaro
authors: Dipartimento di Chimica Edificio di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
authors: Anastasia
authors: A
authors: Karioti
authors: Dipartimento di Chimica Edificio di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
authors: Anna Rita
authors: AR
authors: Bilia
authors: Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via Bramante 28, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy.
authors: Anahi
authors: A
authors: Bucchini
authors: Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via Bramante 28, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy.
authors: Laura
authors: L
authors: Giamperi
authors: Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via Bramante 28, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy.
authors: Donata
authors: D
authors: Ricci
authors: Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via Bramante 28, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy.
authors: Daniele
authors: D
authors: Fraternale
keywords: Antioxidant activity; Cyanidin-3-O-galactoside; HPLC-DAD-MS; Human health; ORAC; Pelingo apple; Red flesh apple