title: Parkinson's disease-related perfusion and glucose metabolic brain patterns identified with PCASL-MRI and FDG-PET imaging.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Under normal conditions, the spatial distribution of resting cerebral blood flow and cerebral metabolic rate of glucose are closely related. A relatively new magnetic resonance (MR) technique, pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (PCASL), can be used to measure regional brain perfusion. We identified a Parkinson's disease (PD)-related perfusion and metabolic covariance pattern in the same patients using PCASL and FDG-PET imaging and assessed (dis)similarities in the disease-related pattern between perfusion and metabolism in PD patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nineteen PD patients and seventeen healthy controls underwent [(18)F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) imaging. Of 14 PD patients and all healthy controls PCASL-MRI could be obtained. Data were analyzed using scaled subprofile model/principal component analysis (SSM/PCA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Unique Parkinson's disease-related perfusion and metabolic covariance patterns were identified using PCASL and FDG-PET in the same patients. The PD-related metabolic covariance brain pattern is in high accordance with previously reports. Also our disease-related perfusion pattern is comparable to the earlier described perfusion pattern. The most marked difference between our perfusion and metabolic patterns is the larger perfusion decrease in cortical regions including the insula.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We identified PD-related perfusion and metabolic brain patterns using PCASL and FDG-PET in the same patients which were comparable with results of existing research. In this respect, PCASL appears to be a promising addition in the early diagnosis of individual parkinsonian patients.
authors: Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors: Laura K
authors: LK
authors: Teune
authors: Neuroimaging Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors: Remco J
authors: RJ
authors: Renken
authors: Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors: Bauke M
authors: BM
authors: de Jong
authors: Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors: Antoon T
authors: AT
authors: Willemsen
authors: Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
authors: Matthias J
authors: MJ
authors: van Osch
authors: Johann Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors: Jos B T M
authors: JB
authors: Roerdink
authors: Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors: Rudi A
authors: RA
authors: Dierckx
authors: Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors: Klaus L
authors: KL
authors: Leenders
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging
chemical_list: D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Disease-specific covariance patterns; FDG-PET imaging; PCASL-MRI; Parkinson's disease; SSM/PCA method