title: Application of binomial-edited CPMG to shale characterization.
abstract: Unconventional shale resources may contain a significant amount of hydrogen in organic solids such as kerogen, but it is not possible to directly detect these solids with many NMR systems. Binomial-edited pulse sequences capitalize on magnetization transfer between solids, semi-solids, and liquids to provide an indirect method of detecting solid organic materials in shales. When the organic solids can be directly measured, binomial-editing helps distinguish between different phases. We applied a binomial-edited CPMG pulse sequence to a range of natural and experimentally-altered shale samples. The most substantial signal loss is seen in shales rich in organic solids while fluids associated with inorganic pores seem essentially unaffected. This suggests that binomial-editing is a potential method for determining fluid locations, solid organic content, and kerogen-bitumen discrimination.
authors: Ingrain, Inc., 3733 Westheimer Road, Houston, TX 77027, United States. Electronic address: washburn@ingrainrocks.com.
authors: Kathryn E
authors: KE
authors: Washburn
authors: U.S. Geological Survey, Denver Federal Center, Box 25046 MS 977, Denver, CO 80225, United States.
authors: Justin E
authors: JE
authors: Birdwell
keywords: Binomial-editing; Magnetization transfer; Organic matter; Shale