title: Sleep duration and subjective psychological well-being in adolescence: a longitudinal study in Switzerland and Norway.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adolescents' sleep duration and subjective psychological well-being are related. However, few studies have examined the relationship between sleep duration and subjective psychological well-being longitudinally across adolescence - a time of profound biological and psychosocial change. The aim of this longitudinal study was to investigate whether shorter sleep duration in adolescents is predictive of lower subjective psychological well-being 6 months and 12 months later or whether lower subjective psychological well-being is predictive of shorter sleep duration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adolescents (age range, 10.02-15.99 years; mean age, 13.05±1.49 years; 51.8%, female) from German-speaking Switzerland (n=886) and Norway (n=715) reported their sleep duration and subjective psychological well-being on school days using self-rating questionnaires at baseline (T1), 6 months (T2), and 12 months from baseline (T3).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses revealed that sleep duration decreased with age. Longer sleep duration was concurrently associated with better subjective psychological well-being. Crossed-lagged autoregressive longitudinal panel analysis showed that sleep duration prospectively predicted subjective psychological well-being while there was no evidence for the reverse relationship.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sleep duration is predictive of subjective psychological well-being. The findings offer further support for the importance of healthy sleep patterns during adolescence.
authors: Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Center for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders, Basel, Switzerland.
authors: Nadeem
authors: N
authors: Kalak
authors: Department of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
authors: Sakari
authors: S
authors: Lemola
authors: Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Center for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders, Basel, Switzerland ; Department of Sport and Health Science, Division of Sport Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
authors: Serge
authors: S
authors: Brand
authors: Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Center for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders, Basel, Switzerland.
authors: Edith
authors: E
authors: Holsboer-Trachsler
authors: Department of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
authors: Alexander
authors: A
authors: Grob
keywords: adolescence; international; longitudinal study; psychological well-being; sleep duration