title: Characterization of phytoconstituents and evaluation of total phenolic content, anthelmintic, and antimicrobial activities of Solanum violaceum Ortega.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study was conducted to detect possible chemicals (phytoconstituents), prove ethno-medicinal value of the plant, and investigate antimicrobial, anthelmintic, and total phenolic content of crude methanolic extract of the Solanum violaceum plant.
  
  
  METHODS
  Phytochemical screening was carried out using different chemical group test methods. In anthelmintic activity test (using Pheretima posthuma model), five concentrations (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 80 mg/ml in distilled water) of extracts and albendazole as standard were used which involved the vermifuge and vermicidal activity on the worms. For the evaluation of in vitro antimicrobial activity, disc diffusion method, and to determine the total phenolic content, Folin-Ceocalteu method (gallic acid as standard) were used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The phytoconstituent analysis revealed presence of alkaloids, carbohydrate, glycoside, flavonoid, saponin, gum, diterpenes, phenol, protein, and tannin. The crude extract exhibited significant anthelmintic property comparing with the standard. The methanolic extract revealed broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity at the concentration of 400 µg/disc. The results were compared with that of the standard ciprofloxacin. The extract exhibited moderate amount of total phenolic compound (54.67±1.18 mg/gm of gallic acid equivalent).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Since S. violaceum have shown antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anthelmintic activities, more studies such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, and other pharmacological activities should be carried out to justify its traditional use, as the plant is available and used broadly in the rural areas for folkloric remedies.
authors: Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali- 3814, Bangladesh.
authors: Golam Sarwar
authors: GS
authors: Raju
authors: Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali- 3814, Bangladesh.
authors: Mizanur Rahman
authors: MR
authors: Moghal
authors: Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali- 3814, Bangladesh.
authors: Syed Masudur Rahman
authors: SM
authors: Dewan
authors: Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali- 3814, Bangladesh.
authors: Mohammad Nurul
authors: MN
authors: Amin
authors: Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali- 3814, Bangladesh.
authors: Mustahsan
authors: M
authors: Billah
keywords: Broad-spectrum; Phytoconstituents; Solanum violaceum; Total phenolic content; Vermicidal activity