title: Investigation on estrogen receptor alpha gene polymorphisms in Iranian women with recurrent pregnancy loss.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a multifactorial disorder. Environmental factors and genetics can affect pregnancy outcomes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Conflicting data suggest an association between estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) gene polymorphisms and RPL. In this study, such association was investigated in Iranian women with RPL.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this case control study, blood samples were collected from 244 women with a history of three or more consecutive pregnancy losses and 104 healthy women with at least two live births. Using polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), we studied -397C/T and -351A/G polymorphisms on ESR1 gene in case and control subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The genotypic frequencies of -397C/T and -351A/G polymorphisms on ESR1were not significantly different between RPL and control groups (p=0.20 and p=0.09, respectively). A significantly negative correlation was observed between -397C/T and -351A/G (r=-0.852, p<0.001) in RPL women and complete linkage disequilibrium between the investigated polymorphisms was found (D': 0.959; r-square= 0.758, p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This investigation suggests that the analyzed polymorphisms on ESR1gene are not associated with an increased risk of RPL in the studied population.
authors: Cell and Molecular Research Centre, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran. ; Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Marzieh
authors: M
authors: Mahdavipour
authors: Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Farah
authors: F
authors: Idali
authors: Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors: Saeed
authors: S
authors: Zarei
authors: Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Saeed
authors: S
authors: Talebi
authors: Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Ramina
authors: R
authors: Fatemi
authors: Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Mahmood
authors: M
authors: Jeddi-Tehrani
authors: Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Somayeh
authors: S
authors: Pahlavan
authors: Cell and Molecular Research Centre, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
authors: Farzad
authors: F
authors: Rajaei
keywords: Abortion; Estrogen receptor; Polymorphism; Recurrent