title: Hyperleptinemia increases the susceptibility of the cortex to generate cortical spreading depression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Obesity is a risk factor for episodic migraine to develop into chronic migraine; hence, it is speculated that obesity and hyperleptinemia are associated with migraine. We hypothesized that leptin is involved in the mechanisms of cortical spreading depression (CSD). Therefore, we examined whether leptin affected a rat model of CSD to clarify the relationship between leptin and migraine.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated the effect of intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of leptin on a rat CSD model. We then examined whether once-a-day intraperitoneal administration of leptin for seven days (as a chronic hyperleptinemia model) affected rat CSD models. Finally, we induced CSD in Zucker fatty (ZF) rats, which is a well-known model of obesity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the parietal cortex, the percent change in cerebral blood flow and direct current (DC) potential decreased after ICV administration of leptin. A similar decrease in DC potential was observed in rats treated with intraperitoneal leptin. The number of CSDs increased significantly in rats given intraperitoneal leptin and in ZF rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study suggests that leptin is involved in the mechanisms of CSD.
authors: Department of Neurology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan ekitamura@med.kitasato-u.ac.jp.
authors: Eiji
authors: E
authors: Kitamura
authors: Department of Neurology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors: Naomi
authors: N
authors: Kanazawa
authors: Department of Neurology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors: Junichi
authors: J
authors: Hamada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D013181:Cortical Spreading Depression / Q000502:physiology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D020738:Leptin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011924:Rats, Zucker
chemical_list: D020738:Leptin
keywords: Chronic migraine; Zucker fatty rat; cortical spreading depression; episodic migraine; leptin