title: Effects of maternal ischemic preconditioning in the colon of newborn rats submitted to hypoxia-reoxygenation insult.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of maternal remote ischemic preconditioning (IPCr) in the colonic mucosa of newborn rats subjected to hypoxia and reoxygenation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Newborn Wistar rats were divided into three groups. Control Group (CG), Hypoxia and Reoxygenation Group (HRG) and Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Group (IPCrG). Hypoxia and reoxygenation was performed 2x per day, with an interval of 6 hours, on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd days of life, with 10 minutes of CO2 at 100%, followed by 10 minutes O2 at 100%(HRG/IPCrG). The maternal IPCr was performed 24 hours before delivery by applying a rubber band tourniquet to the left hind limb (IPCrG). Segments of the colon underwent histological (HE) and immunohistochemical analysis for caspase-3 and COX - 2.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The histological findings showed no intestinal mucosal damage in the CG group and severe lesions in HRG that was attenuated in the IPCrG (p<0.05). The expression of the apoptotic cells was lower in the HRG group than in the CG and IPCrG. The COX-2 expression was intense in HRG and attenuated in the IPCrG (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Maternal IPCr protected the colonic mucosa of newborn rats subjected to hypoxia and reoxygenation, reducing the morphological alterations and inflammatory response. It ameliorates the occurrence of apoptosis, keeping the physiological process of renewal and regeneration in the epithelial lining of the colonic mucosa.
authors: Paulista School of Medicinev, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Recife, PE, Brazil.
authors: Maria Andréia Lopes de
authors: MA
authors: Freitas
authors: Faculty of Medicine of Marilia, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Rúdnei de Oliveira Luciano
authors: Rde O
authors: Gomes
authors: Faculty of Medicine, UNIVASF, Recife, PE, Brazil.
authors: Bruno Leonardo de Freitas
authors: BL
authors: Soares
authors: Department of Pathology, EPM, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Ricardo
authors: R
authors: Artigiani Neto
authors: Department of Surgery, FM, USP, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Edna Frasson de Souza
authors: EF
authors: Montero
authors: Department of Pediatric Surgery, EPM, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: José Luiz
authors: JL
authors: Martins
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000032:analysis; D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000502:physiology; D003106:Colon / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000032:analysis; D020345:Enterocolitis, Necrotizing / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000098:blood supply*; D019194:Ischemic Preconditioning / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011897:Random Allocation; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D053148:Caspase 3