title: Intermittent Explosive Disorder and aversive parental care.
abstract: Parental bonding has been shown to have lasting impacts on the psychological development of children. Despite a growing body of research examining trauma as it relates to Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED), no prior research has examined the relationship between parental bonding and IED. Six hundred fifty eight subjects were studied and categorized into one of three groups: Normal Control (no history of current or lifetime Axis I or Axis II disorder), Psychiatric Control (current and/or lifetime Axis I and/or Axis II disorders without IED), and IED (met current and/or lifetime criteria for IED). Self-reported parental care was assessed using the Parental Bonding Inventory (PBI). PBI Care scores were lowest among IED subjects, which were lower than among Psychiatric Control subjects, which were lower than among Normal Control subjects. PBI Control scores were highest among IED and Psychiatric Control subjects, which were higher than among Normal Control subjects. The diagnostic group differences in PBI Care/PBI Control scores were not impacted by the number of Axis I/II diagnoses. The findings in this study expand the link between childhood trauma exposure, violent behavior, and IED. This is the first report of an association of IED with an aversive childhood parenting environment.
authors: Clinical Neuroscience Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
authors: Royce
authors: R
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Psychology, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
authors: Jonah
authors: J
authors: Meyerhoff
authors: Clinical Neuroscience Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
authors: Emil F
authors: EF
authors: Coccaro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D007174:Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009769:Object Attachment; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology; D010555:Personality Inventory; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Aggression; Impulsivity; Overprotection; Parental Bonding; Trauma