title: Serological association of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection with age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We investigated the serological association of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection with age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Association of Research in Vision and Ophthalmology abstracts were searched to identify studies investigating the serological association of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection with age-related macular degeneration. The quality of original studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Heterogeneity was explored with meta-regression. The odds ratios (ORs) and standardized mean differences (SMD) of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection between AMD patients and controls were pooled.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 9 studies met the inclusion criteria using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale scores ranging from 4 to 9. There was heterogeneity among studies due to a difference in the study designs and measurement of exposure to Chlamydia pneumoniae infection. The overall OR of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection with AMD was 1.11 (95% confidence interval: 0.78-1.57, P = 0.56). The overall SMD of antibody titer between AMD and control was 0.43 (95% confidence interval: -0.12 to 0.99, P = 0.13).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Evidence from the current published literature suggested no statistically significant association between Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and AMD.
authors: Department of Emergency Medicine, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University Shantou, Shantou, China.
authors: Xueyu
authors: X
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Joint Shantou International Eye Center, Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, China; Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
authors: Vishal
authors: V
authors: Jhanji
authors: Department of Emergency Medicine, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University Shantou, Shantou, China.
authors: Chupeng
authors: C
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Joint Shantou International Eye Center, Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, China.
authors: Haoyu
authors: H
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D016993:Chlamydophila pneumoniae / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D012698:Serologic Tests