title: Bite injuries to the hand: microbiology, virology and management.
abstract: Bites to the human hand, be it from a pet, a stray animal or even a fellow human, may often have dire consequences for the person suffering the insult. Bites by mammals are a common problem and they account for up to 1% of all visits to hospital emergency rooms, in the UK. Clenched fist injuries to the mouth ('fight bite') are notorious for being the worst human bites. Bite injuries of the hand and their related infections must be monitored vigilantly and managed proactively, by experts in this field of surgery. In this review article we discuss the associated microbiology and virology of these injuries as well as their management.
authors: Plastic Surgery Department, Good Hope Hospital, West Midlands, B75 7RR, UK.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Malahias
authors: Plastic Surgery Department, Whiston Hospital, Liverpool, L35 5DR, UK.
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Jordan
authors: Plastic Surgery Department, Whiston Hospital, Liverpool, L35 5DR, UK.
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Hughes
authors: University College London Institute of Orthopaedics & Musculoskeletal Sciences, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, London, HA7 4LP, UK.
authors: Wasim S
authors: WS
authors: Khan
authors: Plastic Surgery Department, Whiston Hospital, Liverpool, L35 5DR, UK.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Hindocha
keywords: Animal bite; bite; fight-bite; hand; human bite; microbiology; virology.