title: A novel complex recombinant form of type 48-related human adenovirus species D isolated in Japan.
abstract: Recently, new genotypes of human adenoviruses (HAdVs) have been reported and many of them have been found to be recombinant forms of different known types of HAdV species D (HAdV-D). The objective of this study was to document the evolutionary features of a novel isolate (HAdV_Chiba_E086/2012) obtained from the eye swab of a patient with conjunctivitis in Japan. Viral DNA was extracted from the isolate to sequence the whole genome by the Sanger method and aligned with available genome sequences of HAdV-Ds. The phylogenetic trees of the nucleotide sequences of the penton base, hexon, and fiber genes and the E3 region showed that HAdV_Chiba_E086/2012 is closest to HAdV genotype 65 (HAdV-GT65), HAdV-48, HAdV-GT60 and HAdV-22 at 98%, 99%, 95% and 98% identity, respectively, suggesting that this isolate is a novel recombinant form to be designated as P65H48F60. Further phylogenetic and recombination analyses of the genome alignment of the new isolate implied that nested recombination events involving HAdV-GT59, GT65, 48, GT60, 22, and some ancestral lineages or their close relatives have shaped its genome. These results showed that HAdV_Chiba_E086/2012 is the first HAdV-48-related HAdV found in Japan, which has the most complicated evolutionary history among the known HAdVs so far.
authors: National Institute of Infectious Diseases.
authors: Tsuguto
authors: T
authors: Fujimoto
authors: Shotaro
authors: S
authors: Yamane
authors: Tomoko
authors: T
authors: Ogawa
authors: Nozomu
authors: N
authors: Hanaoka
authors: Atsushi
authors: A
authors: Ogura
authors: Chiemi
authors: C
authors: Hotta
authors: Takeshi
authors: T
authors: Niwa
authors: Yakou
authors: Y
authors: Chiba
authors: Gabriel
authors: G
authors: Gonzalez
authors: Koki
authors: K
authors: Aoki
authors: Kanako Ono
authors: KO
authors: Koyanagi
authors: Hidemi
authors: H
authors: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D000258:Adenovirus Infections, Human / Q000821:virology*; D000260:Adenoviruses, Human / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008875:Middle Aged; D010802:Phylogeny; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral