title: Treatment outcomes of extracorporeal septoplasty compared with in situ septal correction in rhinoplasty.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Extracorporeal septoplasty (ECS) in rhinoplasty is a useful surgical procedure that can achieve considerable functional and aesthetic improvements in the treatment of a deviated nose. However, to our knowledge, no study has compared the treatment outcomes of ECS with those of in situ septal correction (ISSC) in rhinoplasty.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the surgical outcomes of ECS with those of conventional ISSC in the treatment of a deviated nose.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 169 patients who underwent rhinoplasty from July 1, 2006, through December 31, 2012. For ECS, we used a modified technique. For ISSC, several techniques, including batten and spreader grafting and caudal cutting and suture, were used alone or in combination. Eighty-four patients underwent ECS. The remaining 85 patients, who were age- and sex-matched controls who were operated on at a similar time point, were treated by ISSC for the correction of a deviated nose.
  
  
  METHODS
  Surgical outcomes were assessed and compared using the anthropometric measurement of photographs and by reviewing medical records to evaluate functional outcomes and complications after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 52 I-shape (61.9%) and 32 C-shape (38.1%) types of external nose deviations in the ECS group. There were 59 I-shape (69.4%) and 26 C-shape (30.6%) types of external nose deviations in the ISSC group. Postoperative deviation angle (P < .001), nasofrontal (P < .05) and nasolabial (P < .001) angles, and nasal tip projection (P < .001) values were significantly improved from the preoperative values in both groups. The mean operating times of ECS and ISSC were 135 and 128 minutes, respectively. The rates of complications, such as an irregular contour of the dorsum, saddling, and postoperative infection, were similar between the 2 groups. However, no patients in the ECS group experienced postoperative nasal obstruction, whereas 5 of 78 patients (6.4%) in the ISSC group experienced persistent or unresolved nasal obstruction that required revision septoplasty.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that ECS is a useful technique for markedly deviated noses that can achieve a comparable aesthetic success but better functional outcome than ISSC in rhinoplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  3.
authors: Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Sung Bu
authors: SB
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Yong Ju
authors: YJ
authors: Jang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004954:Esthetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009300:Nasal Septum / Q000601:surgery*; D063868:Patient Outcome Assessment; D010781:Photography; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult