title: Role of irradiation in the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles mediated by fig (Ficus carica) leaf extract.
abstract: Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles in an aqueous mixture of fig (Ficus carica) leaf extract and AgNO3 solution exposed to a set of irradiances at different wavelengths are studied. Nanoparticle formation for irradiances between 6.5 mW/cm(2) and 13.3 mW/cm(2) in the 330-550 nm wavelength range is investigated and the results are compared to those of the nanoparticles synthesized in the dark and under direct sunlight. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, along with particle size analysis and transmission electron microscopy are employed for the characterization of samples and extracts. Irradiance is found to have profound influence on the reduction rates. However, size and spherical shape of the nanoparticles are persistent, irrespective of irradiance and wavelength. Irradiance is discussed to influence the particle formation and aggregation rates through the formation of free radicals in the fig extract.
authors: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Akdeniz University, 07058 Antalya, Turkey. Electronic address: bulug@akdeniz.edu.tr.
authors: Bulent
authors: B
authors: Ulug
authors: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Uludag University, 16059 Bursa, Turkey.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Haluk Turkdemir
authors: Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, 15030 Burdur, Turkey.
authors: Ahmet
authors: A
authors: Cicek
authors: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Inonu University, 44280 Malatya, Turkey.
authors: Ahmet
authors: A
authors: Mete
mesh_terms: D030681:Ficus / Q000737:chemistry*; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology / Q000379:methods*; D008027:Light; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010316:Particle Size; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry*; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013997:Time Factors; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D012834:Silver
keywords: Biosynthesis; Ficus carica; Irradiation; Silver nanoparticles