title: Rate of and risk factors for early recurrence in patients with febrile seizures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with febrile seizures (FSs) are observed in emergency departments or admitted to hospitals because of the possibility of recurrence. There are no guidelines regarding the observation time for recurring FS. The aim of this study was to identify the rate, time, risk factors, and cumulative probability of early recurrence.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was a retrospective chart review of patients visiting an emergency department with FS from January to December 2011. Early recurrence was defined as FS recurring within 7 days after the first episode. Patients were divided into 2 groups: early recurrence and nonearly recurrence. The 2 groups were compared in terms of demographics, clinical data, and laboratory findings to identify risk factors for early recurrence. The cumulative probability over time was determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 228 patients were identified. The recurrence rate was 17.5% (40/228), and the median time to recurrence was 6.0 hours (interquartile range, 1.1-13.0 hours). The overall cumulative probability of early recurrence was 8.8% within 6 hours, 12.7% within 12 hours, and 15.8% within 24 hours. Most recurrences (90.0%) occurred within 24 hours of the first FS. Early recurrence occurred frequently in patients with nongeneralized-type seizures or seizures of 15-minute duration or longer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The majority of recurrent FSs occurred in the first 24 hours. The type and duration of seizures were significant risk factors for early recurrence.
authors: From the *Department of Emergency Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do; †Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do; and ‡Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital; and §Department of Emergency Medicine, Inje University College of medicine, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jin Hee
authors: JH
authors: Jeong
authors: Jin Hee
authors: JH
authors: Lee
authors: Kyuseok
authors: K
authors: Kim
authors: You Hwan
authors: YH
authors: Jo
authors: Joong Eui
authors: JE
authors: Rhee
authors: Young Ho
authors: YH
authors: Kwak
authors: Do Kyun
authors: DK
authors: Kim
authors: Hyun
authors: H
authors: Noh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D003294:Seizures, Febrile / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013997:Time Factors