title: Neural Correlates of Developmental Speech and Language Disorders: Evidence from Neuroimaging.
abstract: Disorders of speech and language arise out of a complex interaction of genetic, environmental, and neural factors. Little is understood about the neural bases of these disorders. Here we systematically reviewed neuroimaging findings in Speech disorders (SD) and Language disorders (LD) over the last five years (2008-2013; 10 articles). In participants with SD, structural and functional anomalies in the left supramarginal gyrus suggest a possible deficit in sensory feedback or integration. In LD, cortical and subcortical anomalies were reported in a widespread language network, with little consistency across studies except in the superior temporal gyri. In summary, both functional and structural anomalies are associated with LD and SD, including greater activity and volumes relative to controls. The variability in neuroimaging approach and heterogeneity within and across participant samples restricts our full understanding of the neurobiology of these conditions- reducing the potential for devising novel interventions targeted at the underlying pathology.
authors: UCL Institute of Child Health, Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuropsychiatry Section, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH UK.
authors: Frédérique
authors: F
authors: Liégeois
authors: Language & Literacy Group, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria Australia.
authors: Angela
authors: A
authors: Mayes
authors: Language & Literacy Group, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria Australia ; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria Australia.
authors: Angela
authors: A
authors: Morgan
keywords: Childhood; Childhood apraxia of speech; Communications disorders; Diffusion-weighted MRI; Functional MRI; Language disorder; MRI; Motor speech disorder; Specific language impairment; Speech delay; Speech disorder; Speech sound errors