title: Collaboration between a soluble C-type lectin and calreticulin facilitates white spot syndrome virus infection in shrimp.
abstract: White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) mainly infects crustaceans through the digestive tract. Whether C-type lectins (CLs), which are important receptors for many viruses, participate in WSSV infection in the shrimp stomach remains unknown. In this study, we orally infected kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus to model the natural transmission of WSSV and identified a CL (designated as M. japonicus stomach virus-associated CL [MjsvCL]) that was significantly induced by virus infection in the stomach. Knockdown of MjsvCL expression by RNA interference suppressed the virus replication, whereas exogenous MjsvCL enhanced it. Further analysis by GST pull-down and coimmunoprecipitation showed that MjsvCL could bind to viral protein 28, the most abundant and functionally relevant envelope protein of WSSV. Furthermore, cell-surface calreticulin was identified as a receptor of MjsvCL, and the interaction between these proteins was a determinant for the viral infection-promoting activity of MjsvCL. The MjsvCL-calreticulin pathway facilitated virus entry likely in a cholesterol-dependent manner. This study provides insights into a mechanism by which soluble CLs capture and present virions to the cell-surface receptor to facilitate viral infection.
authors: The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
authors: Xian-Wei
authors: XW
authors: Wang
authors: The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
authors: Yi-Hui
authors: YH
authors: Xu
authors: The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
authors: Ji-Dong
authors: JD
authors: Xu
authors: The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
authors: Xiao-Fan
authors: XF
authors: Zhao
authors: The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China jxwang@sdu.edu.cn.
authors: Jin-Xing
authors: JX
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D060829:Arthropod Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D037282:Calreticulin / Q000276:immunology*; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000276:immunology*; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D046848:White spot syndrome virus 1 / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D060829:Arthropod Proteins; D037282:Calreticulin; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D014764:Viral Proteins