title: Effect of maternal exposure to carbon black nanoparticle during early gestation on the splenic phenotype of neonatal mouse.
abstract: Maternal exposure to environmental factors is implicated as a major factor in the development of the immune system in newborns. Newborns are more susceptible to microbial infection because their immune system is immature. Development of lymphocytes reflects an innate program of lymphocyte proliferation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of maternal exposure to carbon black nanoparticle (CB-NP) during early gestation on the development of lymphoid tissues in infantile mice. Pregnant ICR mice were treated with a suspension of CB-NP (95 μg kg(-1) time(-1)) by intranasal instillation on gestational day 5 and 9. Spleen tissues were collected from offspring mice at 1, 3, 5, and 14 days postpartum. Splenocyte phenotypes were examined by investigating the pattern of surface molecules using flow cytometry. Gene expression in the spleen was examined by quantitative RT-PCR. CD3(+) (T), CD4(+) and CD8(+) cells were decreased in the spleen of 1-5-day-old offspring in the treated group. Expression level of Il15 was significantly increased in the spleen of newborn male offspring, and Ccr7 and Ccl19 were increased in the spleen of female offspring in the CB-NP group. Splenic mRNA change profiles by CBNP were similar between male and female offspring. This article concluded that exposure of pregnant mothers to CB-NP partially suppressed the development of the immune system of offspring mice. The decrease in splenic T cells in the treated group recovered at 14 days after birth. This is the first report of developmental effect of nanoparticle on the lymphatic phenotype.
authors: Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science.
authors: Ryuhei
authors: R
authors: Shimizu
authors: Masakazu
authors: M
authors: Umezawa
authors: Saki
authors: S
authors: Okamoto
authors: Atsuto
authors: A
authors: Onoda
authors: Mariko
authors: M
authors: Uchiyama
authors: Ken
authors: K
authors: Tachibana
authors: Shiho
authors: S
authors: Watanabe
authors: Shuhei
authors: S
authors: Ogawa
authors: Ryo
authors: R
authors: Abe
authors: Ken
authors: K
authors: Takeda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D007107:Immune System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development*; D008221:Lymphoid Tissue / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development*; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D053260:Soot / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes
chemical_list: D053260:Soot