title: Dual diagnosis: traumatic brain injury with spinal cord injury.
abstract: Spinal cord injury (SCI) patients should be assessed for a co-occurring traumatic brain injury (TBI) on admission to a rehabilitation program. Incidence of a dual diagnosis may approach 60% with certain risk factors. Diagnosis of mild-moderate severity TBIs may be missed during acute care hospitalizations of SCI. Neuropsychological symptoms of a missed TBI diagnosis may be perceived during rehabilitation as noncompliance, inability to learn, maladaptive reactions to SCI, and poor motivation. There are life-threatening and quality-of-life-threatening complications of TBI that also may be missed if a dual diagnosis is not made.
authors: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, PO Box 016960 (D-461), Miami, FL 33101, USA. Electronic address: dkushner@med.miami.edu.
authors: David S
authors: DS
authors: Kushner
authors: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, PO Box 016960 (D-461), Miami, FL 33101, USA.
authors: Gemayaret
authors: G
authors: Alvarez
mesh_terms: D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D006259:Craniocerebral Trauma / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D009104:Multiple Trauma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D059906:Neuroimaging; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications* / Q000534:rehabilitation*
keywords: Complications; Diagnosis; Dual diagnosis; Prognosis; Rehabilitation; Spinal cord trauma; Traumatic brain injury