title: Galectin Hco-gal-m from Haemonchus contortus modulates goat monocytes and T cell function in different patterns.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Monocytes and T cells are two major subpopulations of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune systems. Different members of the galectin family show multiple and distinct regulatory effects on different cell types. Previous studies have demonstrated that the galectin from Haemonchus contortus (Hco-gal-m) performed immunomodulatory effects on goat PBMC, however, which subpopulation of PBMC is the primary target of Hco-gal-m and whether the immune modulations share the same mechanism remain unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, the developmental expression of Hco-gal-m was analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. The distribution of Hco-gal-m in adult worm was detected by an immunohistochemical test. The binding activity of the recombinant Hco-gal-m (rHco-gal-m) on goat monocytes and T cells were assessed by flow cytometry. The immunomodulatory effects of Hco-gal-m on cytokine secretion, cell activation and apoptosis were observed by co-incubation of rHco-gal-m with goat monocytes and T cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hco-gal-m was expressed in L4 as well as adult worms and predominantly localized at the internal surface of the worm guts. rHco-gal-m could bind to both monocytes and T cells. The engagement of rHco-gal-m decreased the production of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α in T cells, however, it significantly increased the secretion of IL-10 in monocytes. After rHco-gal-m exposure, the expression of MHC-II on monocytes and that of CD25 on T cells were restricted. Consequently, T cell proliferations were potently inhibited by rHco-gal-m. In addition, rHco-gal-m induced apoptosis in T cells, but not significantly in monocytes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicated that rHco-gal-m modulated goat monocytes and T cell function in different patterns.
authors: Wang
authors: W
authors: Wang
authors: Shuai
authors: S
authors: Wang
authors: Hui
authors: H
authors: Zhang
authors: Cheng
authors: C
authors: Yuan
authors: RuoFeng
authors: R
authors: Yan
authors: XiaoKai
authors: X
authors: Song
authors: LiXin
authors: L
authors: Xu
authors: College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China. lixiangrui@njau.edu.cn.
authors: XiangRui
authors: X
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D037161:Galectins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000502:physiology; D006041:Goats; D006189:Haemonchus / Q000378:metabolism*; D007814:Larva / Q000502:physiology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D037161:Galectins