title: The prevalence of primary angle closure glaucoma in adult Asians: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) is higher in Asians than Europeans and Africans, with over 80% of PACG worldwide in Asia. Previous estimates of PACG were based largely on early studies, mostly using inappropriate case definitions. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of PACG in adult Asian populations and to quantify its association with age, gender, and region.
  
  
  METHODS
  All primary reports of population-based studies that reported the prevalence of PACG in adult Asian populations were identified. PACG case definition was compatible with the ISGEO definition. Twenty-nine population-based studies were included. The overall pooled prevalence estimates were calculated using a random effect model, and ethnicity-, age- and gender-specific pooled prevalence estimates were also calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall pooled prevalence of PACG in those of adult Asians was 0.75% (95% CI, 0.58, 0.96). Ethnicity-specific pooled prevalence estimates were 0.97% (0.22, 4.27) in Middle East group, 0.66% (0.23, 1.86) in South East Asia group, 0.46% (0.32, 0.64) in India group, 1.10% (0.85, 1.44) in China group, and 1.19% (0.35, 3.98) in Japan group, respectively. Age-specific prevalence was 0.21% (0.12, 0.37) for those 40-49 years, 0.54% (0.34, 0.85) for those 50-59 years, 1.26% (0.93, 1.71) for those 60-69 years, and 2.32% (1.74, 3.08) for those 70 years or above. The overall female to male ratio of the PACG prevalence was 1.51∶1 (95% CI 1.01, 2.28).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PACG affects approximately 0.75% adult Asians, increasing double per decade, and 60% of cases being female. The prevalence rates vary greatly by ethnic region.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Jin-Wei
authors: JW
authors: Cheng
authors: Department of Health Toxicology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Zong
authors: School of Nursing, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors: You-Yan
authors: YY
authors: Zeng
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Rui-Li
authors: RL
authors: Wei
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001208:Asia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D044466:Asian People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D015812:Glaucoma, Angle-Closure / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence