title: Molecular alterations of PIK3CA in uterine carcinosarcoma, clear cell, and serous tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Type II endometrial carcinomas-uterine carcinosarcomas or uterine malignant mesodermal mixed tumors (UMMMTs), clear cell carcinomas (UCCs), and uterine serous carcinomas (USCs)-are aggressive malignancies that present with advanced disease and have high mortality rates. PIK3CA mutations are commonly found in endometrial cancers. The objective of the study was to characterize molecular alterations in the PIK3CA gene in these tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 84 cases (20 UMMMTs, 18 UCCs, and 46 USCs) were selected from the surgical pathology files of Weill Cornell Medical College and Johns Hopkins Hospital. The diagnoses were confirmed by gynecologic pathologists (L.H.E. and A.Y.). DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded tissue. Polymerase chain reaction was performed for mutational analysis. All the studies were performed in accordance with approved Institutional Review Board protocols.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mutations in the PIK3CA gene were identified in 3 (15%) of 20 UMMMT, 3 (16.7%) of 18 UCC, and 10 (21.7%) of 46 USC cases. We report novel mutations in PIK3CA in uterine carcinosarcoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A significant percentage of UMMMTs, UCCs, and USCs have mutations in PIK3CA. Further investigation is needed to develop targeted therapies for these aggressive uterine cancers.
authors: *Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and †Division of Gynecologic Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY; and ‡Division of Gynecologic Pathology, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD.
authors: Shazia
authors: S
authors: Bashir
authors: Gaofeng
authors: G
authors: Jiang
authors: Ayesha
authors: A
authors: Joshi
authors: Christopher
authors: C
authors: Miller
authors: Cathleen
authors: C
authors: Matrai
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Yemelyanova
authors: Thomas A
authors: TA
authors: Caputo
authors: Kevin M
authors: KM
authors: Holcomb
authors: Lora Hedrick
authors: LH
authors: Ellenson
authors: Divya
authors: D
authors: Gupta
mesh_terms: D018262:Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D002296:Carcinosarcoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D058534:Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D018284:Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D058534:Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; C484760:PIK3CA protein, human