title: Psychotic experiences and psychological distress predict contemporaneous and future non-suicidal self-injury and suicide attempts in a sample of Australian school-based adolescents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent cross-sectional studies have shown psychotic experiences (PEs) are associated with suicidal ideation and behaviours. We aimed to examine associations between psychotic experiences (including persistent PE), and contemporaneous and incident non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicide attempts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were from an Australian longitudinal cohort of 1896 adolescents (12-17 years). NSSI and suicide attempts were measured using the Self-Harm Behaviour Questionnaire. Items from the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children were used to assess psychotic experiences, and the General Health Questionnaire-12 measured psychological distress.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adolescents both psychologically distressed and endorsing psychotic experiences had increased odds of contemporaneous and incident NSSI and attempted suicide. Psychotic experiences alone did not predict future risk. Persistent psychotic experiences were associated with increased risk of NSSI and suicide attempts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Psychological distress with accompanying psychotic experiences and persistent psychotic experiences are important predictors of NSSI and suicide attempts. Screening these phenotypes in adolescents will assist in discerning those adolescents most at risk, providing opportunities for targeted suicide prevention strategies.
authors: Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine,The University of Queensland,Herston, Queensland,Australia.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Martin
authors: Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine,The University of Queensland,Herston, Queensland,Australia.
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Thomas
authors: Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine,The University of Queensland,Herston, Queensland,Australia.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Andrews
authors: Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology,Curtin University,Perth, WA,Australia.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Hasking
authors: The University of Queensland,UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Queensland,Australia.
authors: J G
authors: JG
authors: Scott
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001315:Australia; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012652:Self Mutilation / Q000453:epidemiology*; D057566:Self Report; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications*; D013406:Suicide, Attempted / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
keywords: Adolescents; persistence; psychological distress; psychosis; psychotic experiences; self-injury; suicide