title: Determinants of eco-efficiency in the Chinese industrial sector.
abstract: This study measures productive inefficiency within the context of multi-environmental pollution (eco-efficiency) in the Chinese industrial sector. The weighted Russell directional distance model is applied to measure eco-efficiency using production technology. The objective is to clarify how external factors affect eco-efficiency. The major findings are that both foreign direct investment and investment for pollution abatement improve eco-efficiency as measured by air pollutant substances. A levy system for wastewater discharge improves eco-efficiency as measured by wastewater pollutant substances. However, an air pollutant levy does not significantly affect eco-efficiency as measured by air pollutants.
authors: Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-20 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8579, Japan.  hidemichifujii@gmail.com
authors: Hidemichi
authors: H
authors: Fujii
authors: Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-20 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
authors: Shunsuke
authors: S
authors: Managi
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000032:analysis*; D007221:Industry
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants
keywords: China; eco-efficiency; pollution; weighted Russell directional distance model