title: Efferent intestinal lymph protein responses in nematode-resistant, -resilient and -susceptible lambs under challenge with Trichostrongylus colubriformis.
abstract: The mechanisms underlying resistance to challenge by gastrointestinal nematode parasites in sheep are complex. Using DIGE, we profiled ovine lymph proteins in lambs with host resistance (R), resilience (Ri) or susceptibility (S) to a daily trickle challenge with the nematode Trichostrongylus colubriformis. Efferent intestinal lymph was collected prior to infection (day 1) and on days 5 and 10 post-infection. Eight proteins identified by LC-MS/MS, showed differences relating to host genotype. Of these, Serpin A3-3 and Serpin A3-7 have not been reported previously in the lymph proteome. Three acute phase proteins showed significant differences relating to interactions between breeding line and parasite challenge, including complement C3β, C3α and haptoglobin (Hp) β. In the R lambs C3α was significantly up regulated (P<0.05) on day 10, while in the Ri lambs Hp β was significantly down regulated (P<0.05). In the S lambs, levels of C3β were up regulated and levels of Hp β down regulated (both P<0.05) on day 10. Hence we demonstrate that acute phase inflammation proteins contribute to differences in the innate immune response of sheep to challenge by T. colubriformis. The findings may lead to the development of new approaches to combat nematode infestations in sheep production systems.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Breeding lines of sheep with resistance (R), resilience (Ri) or susceptibility (S) to nematode infections provide an experimental model to examine the biological mechanisms underlying the ability of some sheep to expel worms and remain healthy without the use of an anthelmintic. Using proteomics we identified differences in the expression of acute phase lymph proteins in the R, Ri and S lambs. The results will assist the development of alternative control strategies to manage nematode infections in livestock.
authors: AgResearch Ltd, Grasslands Research Centre, Palmerston North, New Zealand; Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand. Electronic address: jude.bond@dpi.nsw.gov.au.
authors: J J
authors: JJ
authors: Bond
authors: AgResearch Ltd, The Hopkirk Research Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Pernthaner
authors: AgResearch Ltd, Grasslands Research Centre, Palmerston North, New Zealand; Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Zhang
authors: AgResearch Ltd, The Hopkirk Research Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
authors: S M
authors: SM
authors: Rosanowski
authors: AgResearch Ltd, Lincoln Research Centre, Christchurch, New Zealand.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Clerens
authors: AgResearch Ltd, The Hopkirk Research Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
authors: S A
authors: SA
authors: Bisset
authors: AgResearch Ltd, The Hopkirk Research Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
authors: I A S
authors: IA
authors: Sutherland
authors: AgResearch Ltd, Grasslands Research Centre, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
authors: J P
authors: JP
authors: Koolaard
authors: AgResearch Ltd, The Hopkirk Research Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
authors: W R
authors: WR
authors: Hein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004198:Disease Susceptibility / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000469:parasitology; D008196:Lymph / Q000378:metabolism*; D020543:Proteome / Q000378:metabolism*; D012756:Sheep / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors; D014253:Trichostrongylosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary; D014254:Trichostrongylus
chemical_list: D020543:Proteome
keywords: Intestine; LC MS/MS; Lymph; Nematodes; Parasites; Proteins