title: Sub-100nm gold nanomatryoshkas improve photo-thermal therapy efficacy in large and highly aggressive triple negative breast tumors.
abstract: There is an unmet need for efficient near-infrared photothermal transducers for the treatment of highly aggressive cancers and large tumors where the penetration of light can be substantially reduced, and the intra-tumoral nanoparticle transport is restricted due to the presence of hypoxic or necrotic regions. We report the performance advantages obtained by sub 100nm gold nanomatryushkas, comprising concentric gold-silica-gold layers compared to conventional ~150nm silica core gold nanoshells for photothermal therapy of triple negative breast cancer. We demonstrate that a 33% reduction in silica-core-gold-shell nanoparticle size, while retaining near-infrared plasmon resonance, and keeping the nanoparticle surface charge constant, results in a four to five fold tumor accumulation of nanoparticles following equal dose of injected gold for both sizes. The survival time of mice bearing large (>1000mm(3)) and highly aggressive triple negative breast tumors is doubled for the nanomatryushka treatment group under identical photo-thermal therapy conditions. The higher absorption cross-section of a nanomatryoshka results in a higher efficiency of photonic to thermal energy conversion and coupled with 4-5× accumulation within large tumors results in superior therapy efficacy.
authors: Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, United States.
authors: Ciceron
authors: C
authors: Ayala-Orozco
authors: Division of Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Mail: BCM 360, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
authors: Cordula
authors: C
authors: Urban
authors: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, United States.
authors: Sandra
authors: S
authors: Bishnoi
authors: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, United States.
authors: Alexander
authors: A
authors: Urban
authors: Division of Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Mail: BCM 360, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
authors: Heather
authors: H
authors: Charron
authors: Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, United States.
authors: Tamika
authors: T
authors: Mitchell
authors: Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, United States.
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Shea
authors: Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, United States.
authors: Sarmistha
authors: S
authors: Nanda
authors: Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, United States.
authors: Rachel
authors: R
authors: Schiff
authors: Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, United States.|Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, United States.
authors: Naomi
authors: N
authors: Halas
authors: Division of Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Mail: BCM 360, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
authors: Amit
authors: A
authors: Joshi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005260:Female; D006046:Gold / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D054023:Lasers, Semiconductor; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D050997:Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods; D057145:Nanoshells; D010316:Particle Size; D010789:Phototherapy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014159:Transducers; D064726:Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D047368:Tumor Burden; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D006046:Gold; D012822:Silicon Dioxide
keywords: Gold nanoparticle; Multilayer nanoshells Au/SiO(2)/Au; Nanomatryoshka; Near infrared; Photothermal therapy