title: Effects of dietary Crotalaria pallida seeds on the health and performance of laying hens and evaluation of residues in eggs.
abstract: The effect of three dietary concentrations of Crotalaria pallida (C. pallida) seeds (0, 1, 2, and 3% w/w) of their normal diet were investigated in commercial laying hens during a 35 day feeding trial. All concentrations of C. pallida decreased body weight and feed intake (P < 0.05). Egg mass production and average egg weight were decreased by feeding of ≥ 2% C. pallida seeds (P < 0.05). All concentrations of C. pallida increased relative lung weight and serum activity of ALT, AST and LDH (P < 0.05); 3% C. pallida seeds decreased liver weight (P < 0.05). Analysis of the C. pallida seeds for dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloid content detected usaramine and its N-oxide at a total alkaloid concentration of 0.18% (dry weight). Usaramine was also detected in the eggs of all hens fed C. pallida seeds.
authors: Laboratorio de Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia. Electronic address: gjdiazg@unal.edu.co.
authors: Gonzalo J
authors: GJ
authors: Diaz
authors: Laboratorio de Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors: Leidy X
authors: LX
authors: Almeida
authors: ARS, Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, USDA, 1150 E. 1400 N., Logan, UT 84341, USA.
authors: Dale R
authors: DR
authors: Gardner
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002645:Chickens / Q000502:physiology*; D029864:Crotalaria; D004032:Diet; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004531:Eggs / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D011763:Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids / Q000032:analysis; D012639:Seeds
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D011763:Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids; C003300:retrorsine
keywords: Crotalaria pallida; Eggs; Laying hens; Pyrrolizidine alkaloids; Usaramine