title: Source analysis of spontaneous magnetoencephalograpic activity in healthy aging and mild cognitive impairment: influence of apolipoprotein E polymorphism.
abstract: The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele is a genetic risk factor for the development of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD), which affects cholinergic system functioning. The association between reduced cholinergic levels and increase of magnetoencephalographic (MEG) low-frequency has been used to explain spectral changes found in AD patients. However, the investigation in predementia stages is scarce. We obtained MEG recordings from 25 aged controls and 36 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients during a resting-state condition. According to their APOE genotype, MCIs and controls were subdivided in carriers and non-carriers of the ε4 allele. Sources of spectral variations in these groups were calculated through beamforming. MCI patients exhibited a significant increase of relative power within the low-frequency domain, accompanied by a power decrease within the high-frequency range. APOEε4 carriers showed an increased relative power in the 4.5-6.5 Hz frequency range over frontal lobes. The power increase observed in controls carrying ε4 was significantly higher as compared with MCI non-carriers, while MCI carriers exhibited the highest relative power within the 4.5-6.5 Hz range. Higher power values within the low-frequency ranges correlated with a poorer cognitive performance in MCIs and controls. Our investigation demonstrates that APOEε4 affects resting-state activity to an extent that makes it more proximate to the pattern observed in early stages of AD. Therefore, a combination of genetic and neurophysiological information might help to detect MCI patients at higher risk of conversion to AD, and asymptomatic subjects at higher risk of developing a manifest cognitive deterioration.
authors: Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology, Complutense University of Madrid and Technical University of Madrid, Spain Department of Basic Psychology II, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain Department of Applied Physics III, Faculty of Physics, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Pablo
authors: P
authors: Cuesta
authors: Laboratory of Psychoneuroendocrinology and Molecular Genetics, Biomedical Research Foundation, Clínico San Carlos Hospital, Madrid, Spain Institute of Sanitary Investigation [IdISSC], San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Ana
authors: A
authors: Barabash
authors: Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology, Complutense University of Madrid and Technical University of Madrid, Spain.
authors: Sara
authors: S
authors: Aurtenetxe
authors: Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology, Complutense University of Madrid and Technical University of Madrid, Spain Department of Applied Physics III, Faculty of Physics, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Pilar
authors: P
authors: Garcés
authors: Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology, Complutense University of Madrid and Technical University of Madrid, Spain Department of Basic Psychology II, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors: María Eugenia
authors: ME
authors: López
authors: Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology, Complutense University of Madrid and Technical University of Madrid, Spain.
authors: Ricardo
authors: R
authors: Bajo
authors: Centre for Prevention of Cognitive Impairment. Ayuntamiento de Madrid, Spain.
authors: Marcos
authors: M
authors: Llanero-Luque
authors: Laboratory of Psychoneuroendocrinology and Molecular Genetics, Biomedical Research Foundation, Clínico San Carlos Hospital, Madrid, Spain Institute of Sanitary Investigation [IdISSC], San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Inés
authors: I
authors: Ancín
authors: Laboratory of Psychoneuroendocrinology and Molecular Genetics, Biomedical Research Foundation, Clínico San Carlos Hospital, Madrid, Spain Institute of Sanitary Investigation [IdISSC], San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
authors: José Antonio
authors: JA
authors: Cabranes
authors: Institute of Sanitary Investigation [IdISSC], San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain Neurology Department, San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Alberto
authors: A
authors: Marcos
authors: Department of Applied Physics III, Faculty of Physics, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Miguel
authors: M
authors: Sancho
authors: Department of Clinical and Experimental Neuroimaging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan.
authors: Akinori
authors: A
authors: Nakamura
authors: Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology, Complutense University of Madrid and Technical University of Madrid, Spain Department of Basic Psychology II, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain Institute of Sanitary Investigation [IdISSC], San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Fernando
authors: F
authors: Maestú
authors: Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology, Complutense University of Madrid and Technical University of Madrid, Spain Institute of Sanitary Investigation [IdISSC], San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Alberto
authors: A
authors: Fernandez
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D000513:Alpha Rhythm / Q000502:physiology; D001271:Atlases as Topic; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D060005:Genotyping Techniques; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D015225:Magnetoencephalography; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012146:Rest; D013826:Theta Rhythm / Q000502:physiology
keywords: APOEε4; Aging; magnetoencephalography; mild cognitive impairment; relative power; source analysis