title: Nocturnal oxygen saturation profiles of healthy term infants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pulse oximetry is used extensively in hospital and home settings to measure arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2). Interpretation of the trend and range of SpO2 values observed in infants is currently limited by a lack of reference ranges using current devices, and may be augmented by development of cumulative frequency (CF) reference-curves. This study aims to provide reference oxygen saturation values from a prospective longitudinal cohort of healthy infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective longitudinal cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sleep-laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  34 healthy term infants were enrolled, and studied at 2 weeks, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months of age (N=30, 25, 27, 26, 20, respectively).
  
  
  METHODS
  Full overnight polysomnography, including 2 s averaging pulse oximetry (Masimo Radical).
  
  
  METHODS
  Summary SpO2 statistics (mean, median, 5th and 10th percentiles) and SpO2 CF plots were calculated for each recording. CF reference-curves were then generated for each study age. Analyses were repeated with sleep-state stratifications and inclusion of manual artefact removal.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median nocturnal SpO2 values ranged between 98% and 99% over the first 2 years of life and the CF reference-curves shift right by 1% between 2 weeks and 3 months. CF reference-curves did not change with manual artefact removal during sleep and did not vary between rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM sleep. Manual artefact removal did significantly change summary statistics and CF reference-curves during wake.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SpO2 CF curves provide an intuitive visual tool for evaluating whether an individual's nocturnal SpO2 distribution falls within the range of healthy age-matched infants, thereby complementing summary statistics in the interpretation of extended oximetry recordings in infants.
authors: School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors: Philip Ian
authors: PI
authors: Terrill
authors: Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, The Mater Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors: Carolyn
authors: C
authors: Dakin
authors: Australasian Paediatric Endocrine Group, Mater Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors: Ian
authors: I
authors: Hughes
authors: Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, The Mater Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors: Maggie
authors: M
authors: Yuill
authors: Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, The Mater Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors: Chloe
authors: C
authors: Parsley
mesh_terms: D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D010092:Oximetry / Q000379:methods*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood*; D017286:Polysomnography / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012016:Reference Values; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D047929:Term Birth
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Measurement; Respiratory; Sleep; Technology