title: Effects of ultrasound-combined microbubbles on hippocampal AchE fibers in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the protective effect of ultrasound-combined microbubbles on hippocampal acetylcholinesterase (AchE) fibers in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  According to random digits table, 60 SD rats were divided into two groups, marrow stromal cells (MSCs) intracranial transplantation group and MSCs intracranial transplantation + ultrasonic microbubbles group. Marrow stromal cells were cultivated and isolated in vitro; 12 weeks after transplantation, spatial learning and memorizing abilities of rats were assessed by Morris water maze; AchE staining method was used to observe changes in density and appearance of AchE staining positive fibers in hippocampal CA1 region.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant increase in spatial learning and memorizing abilities of rats in MSCs intracranial transplantation + ultrasonic microbubbles group. Hippocampal AchE staining suggested an increase in the density of AchE staining positive fibers in MSCs intracranial transplantation group; the fibers were regular, intact and dense. Density of hippocampal AchE positive fibers was negatively correlated with the escape latent period and was positively correlated with percentage of the time needed to cross each platform quadrant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Better promotion of spatial learning and memorizing abilities of rats in MSCs intracranial transplantation + ultrasonic microbubbles group may be related with the protective effect of ultrasound-combined microbubbles on hippocampal acetylcholine fibers.
authors: Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital Affiliated to Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
authors: Zi-Li
authors: ZL
authors: Gong
authors: Department of Orthopaedics, Xinqiao Hospital Affiliated to Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
authors: Chun-Mei
authors: CM
authors: Luo
authors: Department of Ultrasound, Xinqiao Hospital Affiliated to Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
authors: Sheng-Zheng
authors: SZ
authors: Wu
authors: Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital Affiliated to Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Ran
authors: Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital Affiliated to Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Zhu
authors: Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital Affiliated to Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
authors: Jian
authors: J
authors: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D002545:Brain Ischemia; D056547:CA1 Region, Hippocampal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000528:radiation effects; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology; D045423:Microbubbles; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D000109:Acetylcholine
keywords: Acetylcholine fiber; Forebrain ischemia; Marrow stromal cells; Morris water maze; Ultrasound microbubble