title: DRESS syndrome due to antibiotic therapy of osteoarticular infections in children: two case reports.
abstract: Osteoarticular infection in children frequently occurs before 10 years of age. Surgical drainage is sometimes required, whereas acute osteomyelitis can be treated with antibiotic therapy alone. The duration of antibiotic therapy varies, 2 weeks is sufficient for septic arthritis, whereas 6 weeks is often required for complicated cases. Some of these antibiotic drugs present direct complications with low clinical impact in certain individuals. Hypersensitivity to these drugs causes different reactions in children. DRESS syndrome (Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms) is a severe and potentially life-threatening drug reaction. It is characterised by high fever, malaise, lymphadenopathy and skin rash. From a clinical perspective, these symptoms can lead to an exacerbation of the initial infectious process for which treatment was commenced. The liver is the organ most often affected in DRESS syndrome associated with haematological changes, potentially similar to sepsis. We present two cases of children with osteoarticular infections who developed DRESS syndrome after antibiotic therapy. Both patients made a complete recovery after cessation of the antibiotic drugs used.
authors: Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Universitario del Niño Jesús, Madrid, España. Electronic address: Ramirezb@gmail.com.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Ramírez
authors: Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Universitario del Niño Jesús, Madrid, España.
authors: J C
authors: JC
authors: Abril
authors: Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario del Niño Jesús, Madrid, España.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Cano
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001170:Arthritis, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002439:Cefotaxime / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D003023:Cloxacillin / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D063926:Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint; D008297:Male; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002439:Cefotaxime; D003023:Cloxacillin
keywords: Antibioterapia; Antibiotic therapy; Children; DRESS syndrome; Niños. Infección ortopédica; Osteoarticular infection; Síndrome de DRESS