title: In vitro cytotoxicity of guttaflow 2 on human gingival fibroblasts.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of GuttaFlow 2 (Coltène Whaledent, GmBH+Co KG, Langenau, Switzerland) on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Samples of the test materials GuttaFlow 2, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), AH Plus (Dentsply DeTrey, Konstanz, Germany), and RealSeal sealer (SybronEndo, Orange, CA) were fabricated in cylindrical nonreactive plastic tubes of 3-mm diameter and 2-mm height. Extracts of freshly mixed and set samples were prepared using the ratio of 0.5 cm(2)/mL, 1 cm(2)/mL, and 1.5 cm(2)/mL according to ISO 10993 series. The extracts were incubated with HGF cells for 24 and 72 hours. A cell counting kit-8 assay (Dojindo, Kumamoto, Japan) assay was used to examine cytotoxicity. The results were analyzed with the independent t test and 1-way analysis of variance test (P < .05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At all experimental conditions, the extracts of freshly mixed GuttaFlow 2 were nontoxic, whereas the extracts of freshly mixed and set AH Plus and RealSeal sealers were toxic to HGF cells (P < .05). The extracts of set GuttaFlow 2 were toxic at 72 hours (P < .05) and nontoxic at 24 hours. The extracts of freshly mixed MTA were nontoxic at both time points. For the extracts of set MTA, 1.5 cm(2)/mL was toxic at 72 hours and 1.5 cm(2)/mL and 1 cm(2)/mL were toxic at 24 hours (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both GuttaFlow 2 and MTA evoked a less toxic response to HGF cells than AH Plus and RealSeal sealer.
authors: Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China.
authors: Preeti
authors: P
authors: Mandal
authors: Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China.
authors: Jiajia
authors: J
authors: Zhao
authors: Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China.
authors: Sanjay Kumar
authors: SK
authors: Sah
authors: Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China.
authors: Yuting
authors: Y
authors: Huang
authors: Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China. Electronic address: kqyyljr@aliyun.com.
authors: Jiarong
authors: J
authors: Liu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000633:toxicity; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D002452:Cell Count; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000633:toxicity; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes / Q000633:toxicity*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004853:Epoxy Resins / Q000633:toxicity; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects*; D005881:Gingiva / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D006171:Gutta-Percha / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D010087:Oxides / Q000633:toxicity; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000633:toxicity*; D017640:Silicates / Q000633:toxicity; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D003188:Composite Resins; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004853:Epoxy Resins; C515718:GuttaFlow; D010087:Oxides; C511498:Real Seal composite resin; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; C534916:epoxy resin-based root canal sealer; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; D006171:Gutta-Percha
keywords: Cytotoxicity; GuttaFlow 2; human gingival fibroblast cells; mineral trioxide aggregate; root canal sealer