title: Clinical validation of the WMS-IV-NL brief cognitive status exam (BCSE) in older adults with MCI or dementia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Brief Cognitive Status Exam (BCSE) is a new, optional subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale-IV (WMS-IV) developed for rapid detection of cognitive deficits. We examined the clinical validation of the Dutch version of the BCSE in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia, comparing it to the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).
  
  
  METHODS
  BCSE and MMSE were administered in 39 older adults with MCI, 51 with dementia and 96 matched healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results show that the BCSE is a valid screening instrument, with psychometric properties similar to the widely used MMSE. High correlations were found between the BCSE and MMSE (r= 0.79,n= 183,p< 0.001). Furthermore, a BCSE cut-off score ≤ 42 revealed a sensitivity of 96% a specificity of 92%, a positive predictive value of 86% and a negative predictive value of 97%, whereas the MMSE cut-off score of ≤ 24 showed values of 84%, 96%, 91%, and 92%, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values to detect MCI compared to controls was 81%, 80%, 61%, and 92%, respectively, on the BCSE, with a cut-off score of ≤ 46, and 84%, 76%, 57%, and 92%, respectively, on the MMSE, with a cut-off score of ≤ 27.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Dutch version of the BCSE is a clinically valid screening instrument for the detection of cognitive impairment in patients with dementia. Nevertheless, for distinguishing older adults with MCI from healthy controls both the BCSE and MMSE have limitations.
authors: Kempenhaeghe, Expertise Centre for Epileptology, Sleep, Medicine and Neurocogntion, Heeze, the Netherlands.|Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
authors: Zita
authors: Z
authors: Bouman
authors: Kempenhaeghe, Expertise Centre for Epileptology, Sleep, Medicine and Neurocogntion, Heeze, the Netherlands.|Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
authors: Marc P H
authors: MPH
authors: Hendriks
authors: Kempenhaeghe, Expertise Centre for Epileptology, Sleep, Medicine and Neurocogntion, Heeze, the Netherlands.|Maastricht University Medical Centre, Department of Neurology and School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, the Netherlands.|University Hospital Gent, Department of Neurology, Gent, Belgium.|Technical University Eindhoven, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Signal Processing System Group, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
authors: Albert P
authors: AP
authors: Aldenkamp
authors: Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.|Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Medical Psychology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
authors: Roy P C
authors: RPC
authors: Kessels
keywords: ageing; neuropsychological testing; neuropsychology; screening; memory