title: Rutin improves endotoxin-induced acute lung injury via inhibition of iNOS and VCAM-1 expression.
abstract: Endotoxins exist anywhere including in water pools, dust, humidifier systems, and machining fluids. The major causal factor is endotoxins in many serious diseases, such as fever, sepsis, multi-organ failure, meningococcemia, and severe morbidities like neurologic disability, or hearing loss. Endotoxins are also called lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and are important pathogens of acute lung injury (ALI). Rutin has potential beneficial effects including anti-inflammation, antioxidation, anti-hyperlipidemia, and anti-platelet aggregation. Pre-treatment with rutin inhibited LPS-induced neutrophil infiltration in the lungs. LPS-induced expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was suppressed by rutin, but there was no influence on expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and cyclooxygenase-2. In addition, activation of the nuclear factor (NF)κB was reduced by rutin. Furthermore, we found that the inhibitory concentration of rutin on expression of VCAM-1 and iNOS was similar to NFκB activation. In conclusion, rutin is a potential protective agent for ALI via inhibition of neutrophil infiltration, expression of VCAM-1 and iNOS, and NFκB activation.
authors: School of Health, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors: Yi-Chun
authors: YC
authors: Huang
authors: Medical Education Center, Kaohsiung Armed Forced General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.|Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Armed Forced General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors: Chi-Ting
authors: CT
authors: Horng
authors: School of Optometry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors: Shyan-Tarng
authors: ST
authors: Chen
authors: School of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors: Shiuan-Shinn
authors: SS
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors: Ming-Ling
authors: ML
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.|Department of Pharmacy, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors: Chien-Ying
authors: CY
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Armed Forced General Hospital,Taiwan, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.|Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Wu-Hsien
authors: WH
authors: Kuo
authors: Department of Neurology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.|Department of Nursing, College of Medicine & Nursing, Hung Kuang University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors: Chung-Hsin
authors: CH
authors: Yeh
authors: Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.|Department of Pharmacy, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors: Yu-Hsiang
authors: YH
authors: Kuan
mesh_terms: D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D020556:Neutrophil Infiltration / Q000187:drug effects; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011654:Pulmonary Edema / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012431:Rutin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D012431:Rutin; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2
keywords: VCAM-1; acute lung injury; endotoxin; iNOS; rutin