title: Repeated oronasal exposure to lipopolysaccharide induced mucosal IgA responses in periparturient dairy cows.
abstract: This study investigated the effects of repeated oronasal treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the humoral immune responses in saliva, vaginal mucus, and the plasma markers of the acute phase response in periparturient dairy cows. One hundred pregnant Holstein cows were administered either 3 increasing doses of LPS (n = 50) as follows: 1) 0.01 µg/kg body weight (BW) on d -28, 2) 0.05 µg/kg BW on d -25, and -21, and 3) 0.1 µg/kg BW on d -18, and -14, or sterile saline solution (controls; n = 50) oronasally for 3 consecutive wk starting at 28 d before parturition. Intensive sampling was conducted on thirty cows (n = 15/group). Multiple saliva, vaginal mucus and blood samples were collected around parturition and analyzed for total immunoglobulin-(Ig)A, plasma serum amyloid A (SAA), lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), anti-LPS IgA, IgG, IgM, tumour necrosis factor(TNF)-α, and interleukin(IL)-1. Results regarding total secretory IgA (sIgA) antibodies showed greater concentrations in the saliva and an overall tendency for higher total sIgA in the vaginal mucus of the LPS-treated cows. Treatment had no effect on plasma sIgA, IgG, IgM anti-LPS antibodies, haptoglobin, SAA, LBP, TNF-α, and IL-1. Treatments by time interactions were observed for SAA and IL-1 with lowered concentrations of both variables in the plasma of LPS-treated cows after parturition. Overall, repeated oronasal LPS treatment clearly enhanced total sIgA antibodies in the saliva, stimulated their production in vaginal mucus shortly before calving, and lowered plasma IL-1 around parturition, but showed limited effects on markers of the acute phase response in the plasma in dairy cows around parturition.
authors: Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
authors: Summera
authors: S
authors: Iqbal
authors: Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors: Qendrim
authors: Q
authors: Zebeli
authors: Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
authors: Dominik A
authors: DA
authors: Mansmann
authors: Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
authors: Suzanna M
authors: SM
authors: Dunn
authors: Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
authors: Burim N
authors: BN
authors: Ametaj
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D000210:Acute-Phase Reaction / Q000662:veterinary*; D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000097:blood; D002417:Cattle; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000097:blood; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000276:immunology; D058725:Peripartum Period / Q000276:immunology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D014621:Vagina / Q000166:cytology; D000099231:Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007375:Interleukin-1; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000099231:Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein