title: Nicotine induces the production of IL-1β and IL-8 via the α7 nAChR/NF-κB pathway in human periodontal ligament cells: an in vitro study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tobacco smoking is a major risk factor for the occurrence and progression of periodontitis. We previously demonstrated that nicotine could induce the expression of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7 nAChR) in human and rat periodontal tissues. To further examine the signal pathways mediated by α7 nAChR in periodontal ligament (PDL) cells, we investigated whether nicotine affects interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) via the α7 nAChR/NF-κB pathway in human PDL cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human PDL cells were pre-incubated with alpha-bungarotoxin (α-BTX) or pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), then cultured with nicotine. Then, we used western blotting, a dual-luciferase reporter, real-time quantitative PCR and an enzyme-linked immunoassay to assess expression of the NF-κB p65 subunit, NF-κB activity and production of IL-1β and IL-8 in human PDL cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the control group, nicotine could significantly induce production of IL-1β and IL-8 in human PDL cells and cause the similar effects on the expression of the NF-κB p65 subunit and NF-κB activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that nicotine could induce production of IL-1β and IL-8 via the α7 nAChR/NF-κB pathway in human PDL cells, providing data for a better understanding of the relationships among smoking, nicotine, and periodontitis.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
authors: Lizheng
authors: L
authors: Wu
authors: Yongchuan
authors: Y
authors: Zhou
authors: Zhifei
authors: Z
authors: Zhou
authors: Yingfeng
authors: Y
authors: Liu
authors: Yudi
authors: Y
authors: Bai
authors: Xianghui
authors: X
authors: Xing
authors: Xiaojing
authors: X
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002648:Child; D017931:DNA Primers; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D009538:Nicotine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction; D064569:alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D016209:Interleukin-8; D016328:NF-kappa B; D064569:alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; D009538:Nicotine