title: Anticancer and antioxidant activity of bread enriched with broccoli sprouts.
abstract: This study is focused on antioxidant and anticancer capacity of bread enriched with broccoli sprouts (BS) in the light of their potential bioaccessibility and bioavailability. Generally, bread supplementation elevated antioxidant potential of product (both nonenzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant capacities); however, the increase was not correlated with the percent of BS. A replacement up to 2% of BS gives satisfactory overall consumers acceptability and desirable elevation of antioxidant potential. High activity was especially found for extracts obtained after simulated digestion, which allows assuming their protective effect for upper gastrointestinal tract; thus, the anticancer activity against human stomach cancer cells (AGS) was evaluated. A prominent cytostatic response paralleled by the inhibition of AGS motility in the presence of potentially mastication-extractable phytochemicals indicates that phenolic compounds of BS retain their biological activity in bread. Importantly, the efficient phenolics concentration was about 12 μM for buffer extract, 13 μM for extracts after digestion in vitro, and 7 μM for extract after absorption in vitro. Our data confirm chemopreventive potential of bread enriched with BS and indicate that BS comprise valuable food supplement for stomach cancer chemoprevention.
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences, Skromna Street 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland.
authors: Urszula
authors: U
authors: Gawlik-Dziki
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences, Skromna Street 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland.
authors: Michał
authors: M
authors: Świeca
authors: Department of Thermal Technology, University of Life Sciences, Doświadczalna Street 44, 20-280 Lublin, Poland.
authors: Dariusz
authors: D
authors: Dziki
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences, Skromna Street 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland.
authors: Łukasz
authors: Ł
authors: Sęczyk
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences, Skromna Street 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland.
authors: Urszula
authors: U
authors: Złotek
authors: Department of Equipment Operation and Maintenance in Food Industry, University of Life Sciences, Doświadczalna Street 44, 20-280 Lublin, Poland.
authors: Renata
authors: R
authors: Różyło
authors: Department of Cell Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa Street 7, 30-387 Cracow, Poland.
authors: Kinga
authors: K
authors: Kaszuba
authors: Department of Cell Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa Street 7, 30-387 Cracow, Poland.
authors: Damian
authors: D
authors: Ryszawy
authors: Department of Cell Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa Street 7, 30-387 Cracow, Poland.
authors: Jarosław
authors: J
authors: Czyż
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001937:Brassica / Q000737:chemistry*; D001939:Bread; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D005433:Flour; D005527:Food, Fortified; D006801:Humans; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D011208:Powders; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014908:Triticum; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D010636:Phenols; D011208:Powders; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase