title: Two-dimensional strain and strain rate imaging of the left atrium and left ventricle in adult patients with atrial septal defects before and after the later stage of percutaneous device closure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Atrial septal defect (ASD) causes chronic volume overload of the right heart. The potential adverse effects of this long-standing volume overload to left atrium (LA) and left ventricle (LV) and their response to ASD closure has been poorly studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 20 ASD patients before the procedure, at the 24-hour and 1 month following the percutaneous closure. Twenty age-matched controls served as the control group. The analysis for atrial deformation was performed on the lateral wall, mid segment of the LA from apical four-chamber view. Peak longitudinal strain (S) and strain rate (SR) during LA reservoir, passive emptying, atrial contraction phases and LV global longitudinal systolic S and SR were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Peak S and SR at LA reservoir, conduit and late contraction phases in ASD patients were similar to controls. All of these parameters increased immediately after the closure of the defect. Similarly, SLV and SRLV in ASD patients were not significantly different from the controls and significantly increased after the closure. But LA S, SR and LV S, SR results decreased in 1 month after the closure. SLV in ASD patients was significantly correlated with echocardiographic findings and the invasively measured defect size.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LA and LV S and SR are not significantly affected in ASD patients. However, correction of the long-standing volume overload by percutaneous closure causes an early increase in LA and LV longitudinal deformation that correlates with the magnitude of the atrial septal defect. But this increase decreased in 1 month after closure.
authors: Department of Cardiology, Kartal Kosuyolu Yuksek Ihtisas Heart and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Sinem
authors: S
authors: Cakal
authors: Elif
authors: E
authors: Eroglu
authors: Onur
authors: O
authors: Baydar
authors: Beytullah
authors: B
authors: Cakal
authors: Mehmet Vefik
authors: MV
authors: Yazicioglu
authors: Mustafa
authors: M
authors: Bulut
authors: Cihan
authors: C
authors: Dundar
authors: Kursat
authors: K
authors: Tigen
authors: Birol
authors: B
authors: Ozkan
authors: Goksel
authors: G
authors: Acar
authors: Anil
authors: A
authors: Avci
authors: Ali Metin
authors: AM
authors: Esen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods; D054459:Elasticity Imaging Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006344:Heart Septal Defects, Atrial / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D055989:Septal Occluder Device; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: atrial septal defect; percutaneous closure; speckle tracking; strain rate imaging