title: Invasive head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: clinical and histopathological characteristics, frequency of local recurrence and metastasis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common type of skin malignancy and may evolve to regional lymph node and distant metastases.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to evaluate patients with head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma to identify its clinical and histopathological characteristics, as well as the frequency of local recurrence and metastasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective cohort of patients with head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  histopathological confirmation, follow-up for longer than one year after diagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  immunosuppression; lip and oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma; and non-surgical resection of the lesion. We evaluated demographic, clinical and anatomopathologic findings and explored their associations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-one patients with 79 tumors and followed by 4.8±3.0 years were selected. The average age was 67.1 years, and 63% of tumors had up to two centimeters. Seven tumors (8.9%) recurred and two of them had positive margins. Recurrence was associated with higher Broders' grade (p<0.01). Two patients (3.3%) had regional lymph node metastases. There were no distant metastases. Seventy tumors were considered to be usual tumors (89.7%), and 68 (87.2%) were classified as Broders' grade 1 and 2. Additionally, 64.1% of tumors had a depth of invasion below four millimeters. Thirteen tumors (16.7%) had positive histological margins.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most patients had good prognosis in the first year of follow-up, confirming that head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma has a better prognosis than squamous cell carcinoma of other regions such as mucosa, oral cavity, and internal organs.
authors: Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors: Luiza
authors: L
authors: Vasconcelos
authors: Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors: Juliana Carneiro
authors: JC
authors: Melo
authors: Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors: Hélio Amante
authors: HA
authors: Miot
authors: Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors: Mariângela Esther Alencar
authors: ME
authors: Marques
authors: Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors: Luciana Patricia Fernandes
authors: LP
authors: Abbade
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D013997:Time Factors