title: Migration and characterisation of nanosilver from food containers by AF⁴-ICP-MS.
abstract: In this work, silver migration from commercial food containers was evaluated according to European Regulation 10/2011. Several experimental parameters affected silver release: food simulant, temperature, exposition time and sampled bag area. Results demonstrated a significant silver nanoparticle (AgNP) migration into aqueous and acidic simulants. The amount of silver migrated increased with storage time and temperature although, in general, silver showed a low tendency to migrate into food simulants (17 ng/g). However, the food simulant did not seem to be a really outstanding variable for long term storage. AF(4)-ICP MS was used to confirm the presence of AgNPs in the simulants. The low limit of detection achieved (0.4 μg L(-1)) allowed the identification of AgNPs and their size characterisation (40-60 nm). Finally, scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray analysis suggested a possible transformation of the AgNPs detected in the extracts, due to association with other ligands, such as chlorine and sulphur, present in the original containers.
authors: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: gmaayuso@ucm.es.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Artiaga
authors: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: kramos@ucm.es.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Ramos
authors: Department of Instrumental Analysis and Environmental Chemistry, IQOG-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: l.ramos@iqog.csic.es.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Ramos
authors: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: ccamara@ucm.es.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Cámara
authors: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: mmgomez@ucm.es.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Gómez-Gómez
mesh_terms: D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D018857:Food Packaging / Q000379:methods*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning / Q000379:methods*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000032:analysis*; D012834:Silver / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D012834:Silver
keywords: AF(4)-ICP-MS; Food simulant; Food storage container; Migration; Silver nanoparticles