title: Electromembrane extraction of salivary polyamines followed by capillary zone electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection.
abstract: Electromembrane extraction (EME) as a novel sample preparation technique was firstly applied for the purification and enrichment of four polyamines mainly present in saliva samples. These four target analytes, putrescine, cadaverine, spermidine, and spermine, were directly determined by CZE with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (CZE-C(4)D) after EME procedure. Several factors affecting extraction efficiency, electrophoretic separation, and detection were investigated. Under the optimum conditions, four polyamines were baseline separated within 22 min, exhibiting a linear calibration over three orders of magnitude (r>0.999); the highest enrichment factor could reach 106-fold (for spermidine), and the LODs were in the range of 1.4-7.0 ng mL(-1). The proposed EME/CZE-C(4)D method has been successfully applied to analyze human saliva samples with recoveries in the range of 78-97%.
authors: Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors: Xiaoli
authors: X
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors: Lin
authors: L
authors: Guo
authors: Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors: Zhuo
authors: Z
authors: Li
authors: Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors: Ziyao
authors: Z
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors: Mengfei
authors: M
authors: Huang
authors: Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors: Chen
authors: C
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors: Jiannong
authors: J
authors: Ye
authors: Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China. Electronic address: qcchu@chem.ecnu.edu.cn.
authors: Qingcui
authors: Q
authors: Chu
mesh_terms: D002103:Cadaverine / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism; D011073:Polyamines / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011700:Putrescine / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013095:Spermidine / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013096:Spermine / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014099:Toothbrushing
chemical_list: D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011073:Polyamines; D012997:Solvents; D013096:Spermine; D002103:Cadaverine; D013095:Spermidine; D011700:Putrescine
keywords: Capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection; Capillary zone electrophoresis; Electromembrane extraction; Polyamines; Saliva