title: Low-molecular-weight thiols in plants: functional and analytical implications.
abstract: Low-molecular-weight (LMW) thiols are a class of highly reactive compounds massively involved in the maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis. They are implicated in plant responses to almost all stress factors, as well as in the regulation of cellular metabolism. The most studied LMW thiols are glutathione and its biosynthetically related compounds (cysteine, γ-glutamylcysteine, cysteinylglycine, and phytochelatins). Other LMW thiols are described in the literature, such as thiocysteine, cysteamine, homocysteine, lipoic acid, and many species-specific volatile thiols. Here, we review the known LMW thiols in plants, briefly describing their physico-chemical properties, their relevance in post-translational protein modification, and recently-developed thiol detection methods. Current research points to a huge thiol biodiversity in plants and many species-specific and organ-specific thiols remain to be identified. Recent advances in technology should help researchers in this very challenging task, helping us to decipher the roles of thiols in plant metabolism.
authors: DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy.
authors: Micaela
authors: M
authors: Pivato
authors: DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy.
authors: Marta
authors: M
authors: Fabrega-Prats
authors: DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy. Electronic address: antonio.masi@unipd.it.
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Masi
mesh_terms: D008970:Molecular Weight; D010944:Plants / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds
keywords: Cysteine; Glutathione; Redox; Sulfur; Thiolation; Thiols