title: Improving the safety of Staphylococcus aureus polyvalent phages by their production on a Staphylococcus xylosus strain.
abstract: Team1 (vB_SauM_Team1) is a polyvalent staphylococcal phage belonging to the Myoviridae family. Phage Team1 was propagated on a Staphylococcus aureus strain and a non-pathogenic Staphylococcus xylosus strain used in industrial meat fermentation. The two Team1 preparations were compared with respect to their microbiological and genomic properties. The burst sizes, latent periods, and host ranges of the two derivatives were identical as were their genome sequences. Phage Team1 has 140,903 bp of double stranded DNA encoding for 217 open reading frames and 4 tRNAs. Comparative genomic analysis revealed similarities to staphylococcal phages ISP (97%) and G1 (97%). The host range of Team1 was compared to the well-known polyvalent staphylococcal phages phi812 and K using a panel of 57 S. aureus strains collected from various sources. These bacterial strains were found to represent 18 sequence types (MLST) and 14 clonal complexes (eBURST). Altogether, the three phages propagated on S. xylosus lysed 52 out of 57 distinct strains of S. aureus. The identification of phage-insensitive strains underlines the importance of designing phage cocktails with broadly varying and overlapping host ranges. Taken altogether, our study suggests that some staphylococcal phages can be propagated on food-grade bacteria for biocontrol and safety purposes.
authors: Département de biochimie et de microbiologie, Faculté des sciences et de génie, Groupe de recherche en écologie buccale, Faculté de médecine dentaire, Félix d'Hérelle Reference Center for Bacterial Viruses, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
authors: Lynn
authors: L
authors: El Haddad
authors: Food Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada.
authors: Nour
authors: N
authors: Ben Abdallah
authors: Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
authors: Pier-Luc
authors: PL
authors: Plante
authors: Département de Microbiologie et d'Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire Hôtel-Dieu de Lévis, Lévis, Québec, Canada.
authors: Jeannot
authors: J
authors: Dumaresq
authors: Institute of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, Agricultural University of Georgia, University Campus at Digomi, Tbilsi, Georgia.
authors: Ramaz
authors: R
authors: Katsarava
authors: Département des sciences des aliments et de nutrition, Faculté des sciences de l'agriculture et de l'alimentation, Dairy Science and Technology Research Centre/Institute of nutrition and functional foods, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
authors: Steve
authors: S
authors: Labrie
authors: Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
authors: Jacques
authors: J
authors: Corbeil
authors: Food Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada; Département des sciences des aliments et de nutrition, Faculté des sciences de l'agriculture et de l'alimentation, Dairy Science and Technology Research Centre/Institute of nutrition and functional foods, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: St-Gelais
authors: Département de biochimie et de microbiologie, Faculté des sciences et de génie, Groupe de recherche en écologie buccale, Faculté de médecine dentaire, Félix d'Hérelle Reference Center for Bacterial Viruses, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
authors: Sylvain
authors: S
authors: Moineau
mesh_terms: D005285:Fermentation; D005511:Food Handling; D016679:Genome, Viral; D006801:Humans; D008460:Meat / Q000382:microbiology; D013204:Staphylococcus Phages / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000821:virology*