title: Porous silk scaffolds for delivery of growth factors and stem cells to enhance bone regeneration.
abstract: Stem cell-based tissue engineering shows promise for bone regeneration and requires artificial microenvironments to enhance the survival, proliferation and differentiation of the seeded cells. Silk fibroin, as a natural protein polymer, has unique properties for tissue regeneration. The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of porous silk scaffolds on rat bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) by lenti-GFP tracking both in vitro and in vivo in cranial bone defects. The number of cells seeded within silk scaffolds in rat cranial bone defects increased from 2 days to 2 weeks after implantation, followed by a decrease at eight weeks. Importantly, the implanted cells survived for 8 weeks in vivo and some of the cells might differentiate into endothelial cells and osteoblasts induced by the presence of VEGF and BMP-2 in the scaffolds to promote angiogenesis and osteogenesis. The results demonstrate that porous silk scaffolds provide a suitable niche to maintain long survival and function of the implanted cells for bone regeneration.
authors: Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Oral Bioengineering and regenerative medicine Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
authors: Wenjie
authors: W
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Oral and Stomatology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China.
authors: Chao
authors: C
authors: Zhu
authors: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors: Dongxia
authors: D
authors: Ye
authors: Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors: Ling
authors: L
authors: Xu
authors: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors: Xiaochen
authors: X
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Oral Bioengineering and regenerative medicine Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
authors: Qianju
authors: Q
authors: Wu
authors: Oral Bioengineering and regenerative medicine Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
authors: Xiuli
authors: X
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors: David L
authors: DL
authors: Kaplan
authors: Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Oral Bioengineering and regenerative medicine Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
authors: Xinquan
authors: X
authors: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D058948:Cell Tracking; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005349:Fibroins / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D016062:Porosity; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D012886:Skull / Q000098:blood supply / Q000503:physiopathology; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005349:Fibroins