title: Relationship between endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular risk factors and the extent and severity of coronary artery disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) and cardiovascular risk factors. The relationship between cardiovascular risk factors, ED and the presence, extent and severity of CAD, was evaluated in patients with and without angiographically defined CAD in our study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty patients with CAD and 20 subjects with normal coronary arteries were included. Endothelial function was evaluated by endothelium-dependent, flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and nitroglycerine-mediated dilatation (NMD) measurements, using brachial artery Doppler ultrasonography (USG). Cardiovascular risk factors were identified. The extent and severity of CAD was determined via vessel and modified Gensini scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  FMD% and NMD% were significantly decreased in the CAD(+) group compared with the CAD(-) group (p=0.0001). In the CAD(+) group, the cut-off values of FMD% and NMD% in distinguishing between single-vessel and multi-vessel diseases were 8.5% (sensitivity: 95%, specificity: 62%) and 13.6% (sensitivity: 91%, specificity: 62%), respectively. Additionally, a modified Gensini score was significantly correlated with both FMD and NMD (r=-0.825, r=-0.778, respectively; p=0.0001) in the CAD(+) group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ED was more prevalent in the CAD(+) group, and the degree of ED correlated well with the extent and severity of CAD.
authors: Department of Cardiology, İstanbul Bilim University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors: Hilal
authors: H
authors: Kurtoğlu Gümüşel
authors: Department of Cardiology, İstanbul Bilim University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors: Alp Burak
authors: AB
authors: Çatakoğlu
authors: Department of Cardiology, Florence Nightingale Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors: Özlem
authors: Ö
authors: Yıldırımtürk
authors: Department of Cardiology, Florence Nightingale Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors: Selen
authors: S
authors: Yurdakul
authors: Department of Cardiology, İstanbul Bilim University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors: Funda
authors: F
authors: Helvacıoğlu
authors: Department of Cardiology, İstanbul Bilim University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors: Murat
authors: M
authors: Ziyrek
authors: Department of Cardiology, İstanbul Bilim University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors: Ruken
authors: R
authors: Hanavdeloğulları
authors: Department of Cardiology, Florence Nightingale Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors: Vedat
authors: V
authors: Aytekin
authors: Department of Cardiology, Florence Nightingale Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors: Saide
authors: S
authors: Aytekin
mesh_terms: D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000187:drug effects; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000503:physiopathology; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000494:pharmacology; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018616:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D005996:Nitroglycerin