title: Oral immunization of haemaggulutinin H5 expressed in plant endoplasmic reticulum with adjuvant saponin protects mice against highly pathogenic avian influenza A virus infection.
abstract: Pandemics in poultry caused by the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A virus occur too frequently globally, and there is growing concern about the HPAI A virus due to the possibility of a pandemic among humans. Thus, it is important to develop a vaccine against HPAI suitable for both humans and animals. Various approaches are underway to develop such vaccines. In particular, an edible vaccine would be a convenient way to vaccinate poultry because of the behaviour of the animals. However, an edible vaccine is still not available. In this study, we developed a strategy of effective vaccination of mice by the oral administration of transgenic Arabidopsis plants (HA-TG) expressing haemagglutinin (HA) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Expression of HA in the ER resulted in its high-level accumulation, N-glycosylation, protection from proteolytic degradation and long-term stability. Oral administration of HA-TG with saponin elicited high levels of HA-specific systemic IgG and mucosal IgA responses in mice, which resulted in protection against a lethal influenza virus infection with attenuated inflammatory symptoms. Based on these results, we propose that oral administration of freeze-dried leaf powders from transgenic plants expressing HA in the ER together with saponin is an attractive strategy for vaccination against influenza A virus.
authors: School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea; Academy of Immunology and Microbiology (AIM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, Korea.
authors: Goeun
authors: G
authors: Lee
authors: Yun Jeong
authors: YJ
authors: Na
authors: Bo-Gie
authors: BG
authors: Yang
authors: Jun-Pyo
authors: JP
authors: Choi
authors: Yong Bok
authors: YB
authors: Seo
authors: Chun-Pyo
authors: CP
authors: Hong
authors: Chang Ho
authors: CH
authors: Yun
authors: Dae Heon
authors: DH
authors: Kim
authors: Eun Ju
authors: EJ
authors: Sohn
authors: Jeong Hee
authors: JH
authors: Kim
authors: Young Chul
authors: YC
authors: Sung
authors: Yoon-Keun
authors: YK
authors: Kim
authors: Myoung Ho
authors: MH
authors: Jang
authors: Inhwan
authors: I
authors: Hwang
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D000918:Antibody Specificity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D056724:Immunity, Humoral / Q000187:drug effects; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal / Q000187:drug effects; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012503:Saponins / Q000276:immunology*; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D012503:Saponins; C109963:hemagglutinin, avian influenza A virus
keywords: ER-targeted haemagglutinin; adjuvant Saponin; highly pathogenic avian influenza virus; influenza infection; mucosal immunity; plant edible vaccine