title: [Effects of chronic intermittent hypoxia on glucose transporter 4 expression in rat skeletal muscles].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effect of chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced inflammatory cytokines and reoxygenation on glucose transporter 4 (GLUT-4) expression in rat skeletal muscles.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to blank control group, chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) group, and reoxygenation group. At the end of the experiment, fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting blood insulin (FINS) and serum inflammatory cytokine levels were measured with glucose oxidase-peroxidase, insulin radioimmunoassay and ELISA, respectively. Homeostasis model assessment (IRI) was used to evaluate insulin resistance in the rats, and GLUT-4 protein expression in the skeletal muscles was measured with Western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the blank control group, CIH resulted in significantly increased fasting blood glucose, blood insulin levels and insulin resistance index (IRI) (P<0.05); fasting blood glucose was significantly elevated in reoxygenation group (P<0.05). Inflammatory cytokines levels (IL-6 and TNF-α) were significantly higher in CIH group than in the blank control and reoxygenation groups (P<0.05), and were higher in reoxygenation group than in the blank control group. GLUT-4 expression in the skeletal muscles was significantly reduced after CIH (P<0.05) but increased after subsequent reoxygenation (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CIH can cause increased release of inflammatory cytokines to lower GLUT-4 protein expression in the skeletal muscles, which contributes to insulin resistance in adult rats.
authors: Department of Otlaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China. E-mail: tanjian805@sina.com.
authors: Jian
authors: J
authors: Tan
authors: Hailan
authors: H
authors: Mo
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Li
authors: Yingling
authors: Y
authors: Wu
authors: Xiaoli
authors: X
authors: He
authors: Bing
authors: B
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4 / Q000378:metabolism*; D000860:Hypoxia; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D007328:Insulin; D015850:Interleukin-6; C495694:Slc2a4 protein, rat; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha