title: Mechanisms of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury and protective effects of nitric oxide.
abstract: Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a pathophysiological event post liver surgery or transplantation and significantly influences the prognosis of liver function. The mechanisms of IRI remain unclear, and effective methods are lacking for the prevention and therapy of IRI. Several factors/pathways have been implicated in the hepatic IRI process, including anaerobic metabolism, mitochondria, oxidative stress, intracellular calcium overload, liver Kupffer cells and neutrophils, and cytokines and chemokines. The role of nitric oxide (NO) in protecting against liver IRI has recently been reported. NO has been found to attenuate liver IRI through various mechanisms including reducing hepatocellular apoptosis, decreasing oxidative stress and leukocyte adhesion, increasing microcirculatory flow, and enhancing mitochondrial function. The purpose of this review is to provide insights into the mechanisms of liver IRI, indicating the potential protective factors/pathways that may help to improve therapeutic regimens for controlling hepatic IRI during liver surgery, and the potential therapeutic role of NO in liver IRI.
authors: Lian-Yue Guan, Pei-Yao Fu, Pei-Dong Li, Zhuo-Nan Li, Hong-Yu Liu, Wei Li, Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Third Hospital (China-Japan Union Hospital) of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China.
authors: Lian-Yue
authors: LY
authors: Guan
authors: Lian-Yue Guan, Pei-Yao Fu, Pei-Dong Li, Zhuo-Nan Li, Hong-Yu Liu, Wei Li, Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Third Hospital (China-Japan Union Hospital) of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China.
authors: Pei-Yao
authors: PY
authors: Fu
authors: Lian-Yue Guan, Pei-Yao Fu, Pei-Dong Li, Zhuo-Nan Li, Hong-Yu Liu, Wei Li, Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Third Hospital (China-Japan Union Hospital) of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China.
authors: Pei-Dong
authors: PD
authors: Li
authors: Lian-Yue Guan, Pei-Yao Fu, Pei-Dong Li, Zhuo-Nan Li, Hong-Yu Liu, Wei Li, Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Third Hospital (China-Japan Union Hospital) of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China.
authors: Zhuo-Nan
authors: ZN
authors: Li
authors: Lian-Yue Guan, Pei-Yao Fu, Pei-Dong Li, Zhuo-Nan Li, Hong-Yu Liu, Wei Li, Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Third Hospital (China-Japan Union Hospital) of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China.
authors: Hong-Yu
authors: HY
authors: Liu
authors: Lian-Yue Guan, Pei-Yao Fu, Pei-Dong Li, Zhuo-Nan Li, Hong-Yu Liu, Wei Li, Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Third Hospital (China-Japan Union Hospital) of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China.
authors: Min-Gang
authors: MG
authors: Xin
authors: Lian-Yue Guan, Pei-Yao Fu, Pei-Dong Li, Zhuo-Nan Li, Hong-Yu Liu, Wei Li, Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Third Hospital (China-Japan Union Hospital) of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Li
keywords: Chemokine; Cytokine; Ischemia-reperfusion injury; Kupffer cells; Liver; Mitochondria; Nitric oxide