title: Oxidative stress and aromatic hydrocarbon response of human bronchial epithelial cells exposed to petro- or biodiesel exhaust treated with a diesel particulate filter.
abstract: The composition of diesel exhaust has changed over the past decade due to the increased use of alternative fuels, like biodiesel, and to new regulations on diesel engine emissions. Given the changing nature of diesel fuels and diesel exhaust emissions, a need exists to understand the human health implications of switching to "cleaner" diesel engines run with particulate filters and engines run on alternative fuels like biodiesel. We exposed well-differentiated normal human bronchial epithelial cells to fresh, complete exhaust from a diesel engine run (1) with and without a diesel particulate filter and (2) using either traditional petro- or alternative biodiesel. Despite the lowered emissions in filter-treated exhaust (a 91-96% reduction in mass), significant increases in transcripts associated with oxidative stress and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon response were observed in all exposure groups and were not significantly different between exposure groups. Our results suggest that biodiesel and filter-treated diesel exhaust elicits as great, or greater a cellular response as unfiltered, traditional petrodiesel exhaust in a representative model of the bronchial epithelium.
authors: Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 brie.hawley@colostate.edu.
authors: Brie
authors: B
authors: Hawley
authors: Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523.
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: L'Orange
authors: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523.
authors: Dan B
authors: DB
authors: Olsen
authors: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523.
authors: Anthony J
authors: AJ
authors: Marchese
authors: Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523.
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Volckens
mesh_terms: D056804:Biofuels / Q000633:toxicity*; D001980:Bronchi / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005374:Filtration / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005742:Gasoline / Q000633:toxicity*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D010316:Particle Size; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000633:toxicity*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000633:toxicity*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D005742:Gasoline; D052638:Particulate Matter; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D001335:Vehicle Emissions
keywords: CYP1A1; HO-1; bronchial; diesel exhaust; diesel particulate filter; in vitro