title: [Evaluation on the effects of prevention and control programs regarding typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever in Guizhou province, from 2007 to 2012].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was to evaluate the effects of prevention and control regarding programs on typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever, in Guizhou province, from 2007 to 2012, to provide evidence for the improvement of related programs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data on typhoid fever and paratyphoid including information on epidemics, individual, cases, measures for prevention and control programs taken and relative government documents were collected and analyzed in Guizhou province, from 2007 to 2012. Information related to the average annual incidence, nature of outbreaks, time span before confirmed diagnosis was made, unit which carried the case report, proportion of laboratory confirmed diagnosed cases and case-management were compared between 2007-2009 and 2010-2012 descriptively while chi-square test with Excel and EpiInfo software were used for data analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the period of 2007-2009, a total of 5 978 typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever cases were reported in Guizhou province with the average yearly incidence as 5.29/100 000. In the period of 2010-2012, 2 765 cases were reported with the average yearly incidence as 2.57/100 000. When compared to the former, data from the latter period showed that the average yearly incidence had declined 51.31% in all the prefectures. There were still some outbreaks appeared but the total number of cases involved reduced 87.50%. The time span before the confirmation of diagnosis became shorter but the difference was not statistically significant (χ² = 0.08, P = 0.99). Number of cases reported by hospitals at county or above had 11.51% of increase while those cases reported at the township hospitals or below decreased for 61.47% . The proportion of laboratory diagnosed cases increased 23.63%. Rates of timeliness on cards being filled in, input and audited showed increase of 8.44%, 6.76% and 2.40% respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Successful measures for prevention and control on typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever had been remarkably taken in Guizhou province, but the potential risk of outbreaks still existed in some areas, suggesting that health education and surveillance programs including laboratory diagnosis, should be strengthened.
authors: Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Programme, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China; Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
authors: Guanghai
authors: G
authors: Yao
authors: Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Email: zzt@gzcdc.gov.cn.
authors: Zhiting
authors: Z
authors: Zou
authors: Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
authors: Dan
authors: D
authors: Wang
authors: Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
authors: Yanping
authors: Y
authors: Huang
authors: Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Nie
authors: Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Programme, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
authors: Huihui
authors: H
authors: Liu
authors: Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
authors: Guangpeng
authors: G
authors: Tang
mesh_terms: D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003140:Communicable Disease Control / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D010284:Paratyphoid Fever / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*