title: Oncologic metabolic emergencies.
abstract: Cancer and its therapies may lead to several metabolic emergencies that emergency providers (EPs) should be well-versed in identifying and managing. With prompt recognition and treatment initiation in the emergency department, lives can be saved and quality of life maintained. Most oncologic metabolic emergencies occur in advanced cancer states, but some follow initiation of treatment or may be the presenting syndrome that leads to the cancer diagnosis. This article reviews the 2 most emergent oncologic metabolic diagnoses: tumor lysis syndrome and hypercalcemia of malignancy. A discussion on associated cancers and conditions, pathogenesis and pathophysiology, and management recommendations is included.
authors: Department of Emergency Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, 1200 North State Street, Room 1011, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. Electronic address: jwagner@usc.edu.
authors: Jonathan
authors: J
authors: Wagner
authors: Department of Emergency Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, 1200 North State Street, Room 1011, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
authors: Sanjay
authors: S
authors: Arora
mesh_terms: D004630:Emergencies; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D006801:Humans; D006934:Hypercalcemia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism; D010257:Paraneoplastic Syndromes / Q000175:diagnosis; D015275:Tumor Lysis Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy
keywords: Cancer; Emergency medicine; Hypercalcemia of malignancy; Metabolic emergency; Treatment; Tumor lysis syndrome