title: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, IL-31, and IL-33 in children with allergic disease of the airways.
abstract: Low vitamin D is involved in allergic asthma and rhinitis. IL-31 and IL-33 correlate with Th2-associated cytokines in allergic disease. We investigated whether low vitamin D is linked with circulating IL-31 and IL-33 in children with allergic disease of the airways. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) Vit D], IL-31, and IL-33 plasma levels were measured in 28 controls (HC), 11 allergic rhinitis (AR) patients, and 35 allergic asthma with rhinitis (AAR) patients. We found significant lower levels of 25(OH) Vit D in AR and in AAR than in HC. IL-31 and IL-33 plasma levels significantly increased in AAR than HC. IL-31 and IL-33 positively correlated in AR and AAR. 25(OH) Vit D deficient AAR had higher levels of blood eosinophils, exacerbations, disease duration, and total IgE than patients with insufficient or sufficient 25(OH) Vit D. In AAR 25(OH) Vit D levels inversely correlated with total allergen sIgE score and total atopy index. IL-31 and IL-33 did not correlate with 25(OH) Vit D in AR and AAR. In conclusion, low levels of 25(OH) Vit D might represent a risk factor for the development of concomitant asthma and rhinitis in children with allergic disease of the airways independently of IL-31/IL-33 Th2 activity.
authors: Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology "A. Monroy" (IBIM), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Palermo, Italy.
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Bonanno
authors: Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology "A. Monroy" (IBIM), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Palermo, Italy ; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School and Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors: Sebastiano
authors: S
authors: Gangemi
authors: Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology "A. Monroy" (IBIM), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Palermo, Italy.
authors: Stefania
authors: S
authors: La Grutta
authors: Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology "A. Monroy" (IBIM), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Palermo, Italy.
authors: Velia
authors: V
authors: Malizia
authors: Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology "A. Monroy" (IBIM), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Palermo, Italy.
authors: Loredana
authors: 0000-0002-0012-3591
authors: L
authors: Riccobono
authors: Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology "A. Monroy" (IBIM), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Palermo, Italy.
authors: Paolo
authors: 0000-0002-0908-1359
authors: P
authors: Colombo
authors: Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology "A. Monroy" (IBIM), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Palermo, Italy.
authors: Fabio
authors: 0000-0003-1674-2263
authors: F
authors: Cibella
authors: Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology "A. Monroy" (IBIM), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Palermo, Italy.
authors: Mirella
authors: M
authors: Profita
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000067596:Interleukin-33; D007378:Interleukins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D065631:Rhinitis, Allergic / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology; D012221:Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: C502187:IL31 protein, human; C506536:IL33 protein, human; D000067596:Interleukin-33; D007378:Interleukins; D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D