title: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours of the urinary bladder: multi-centre 18-year experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review a series of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours (IMTs) of the urinary bladder in 10 hospitals in Hong Kong.
  
  
  METHODS
  A database search in the pathology archives of 10 hospitals in Hong Kong from 1995 to 2013 was performed using the key words 'inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour', 'inflammatory pseudotumour' and 'spindle cell lesion'. Patient characteristics, clinical features, histological features, immunohistochemical staining results and treatment outcomes were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine cases of IMT of the urinary bladder were retrieved. The mean age was 45.4 ± 22.8 years (range 11-78). Eight patients (88.9%) presented with haematuria and 5 patients (55.6%) had anaemia with a mean haemoglobin level of 6.8 ± 1.3 g/dl. Histologically, the majority of patients (77.8%) had a compact spindle cell pattern. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase staining was positive in 75% of cases. During a mean follow-up period of 43.4 months (range 8-94), none of them developed any local recurrence or distant metastasis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A high index of suspicion of IMT should be maintained for young patients presenting with bleeding bladder tumours and significant anaemia. IMTs of the urinary bladder run a benign disease course, and good prognosis can be achieved after surgical resection.
authors: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, North District Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
authors: Jeremy Yuen Chun
authors: JY
authors: Teoh
authors: Ning Hong
authors: NH
authors: Chan
authors: Siu Ming
authors: SM
authors: Mak
authors: Anthony Wing Ip
authors: AW
authors: Lo
authors: Chung Ying
authors: CY
authors: Leung
authors: Yin
authors: Y
authors: Hui
authors: In Chak
authors: IC
authors: Law
authors: Chi Wai
authors: CW
authors: Fan
authors: Fu Keung
authors: FK
authors: Cheung
authors: Steve Wai Hee
authors: SW
authors: Chan
authors: Ming Kwong
authors: MK
authors: Yiu
authors: Chi Wai
authors: CW
authors: Man
authors: Hing Shing
authors: HS
authors: So
authors: Ho Yuen
authors: HY
authors: Cheung
authors: Simon See Ming
authors: SS
authors: Hou
authors: Chi Fai
authors: CF
authors: Ng
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000077548:Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase; D000740:Anemia / Q000209:etiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001706:Biopsy; D002648:Child; D015653:Cystectomy; D003558:Cystoscopy; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D006104:Granuloma, Plasma Cell / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006417:Hematuria / Q000209:etiology; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000032:analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C000626173:ALK protein, human; D000077548:Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases