title: Metabolic syndrome, adiponectin and proinflammatory status in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and evaluate proinflammatory status in patients with type 1 diabetes, and to analyse the relationship between inflammation, metabolic control and insulin resistance in these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with type 1 diabetes were stratified according to the presence or absence of metabolic syndrome. Serum adiponectin, leptin, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were quantified.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 28.6% (22/77). Patients with metabolic syndrome had lower adiponectin concentrations and higher leptin, TNF-α, IL-6 and hsCRP concentrations compared with patients without metabolic syndrome. In addition, metabolic syndrome was associated with higher glycosylated haemoglobin and insulin dose, and increased insulin resistance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The proinflammatory state associated with metabolic syndrome in patients with type 1 diabetes leads to deterioration of glycaemic control and an increase in the required daily dose of insulin. Early and proactive diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in these patients will allow medication and lifestyle optimization, in order to prevent the occurrence of diabetes complications and improve health-related quality-of-life.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine II, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.
authors: Romulus
authors: R
authors: Timar
authors: Department of Functional Sciences, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania timar.bogdan@umft.ro.
authors: Bogdan
authors: B
authors: Timar
authors: City Hospital, Timisoara, Romania.
authors: Diana
authors: D
authors: Degeratu
authors: Department of Diabetes Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
authors: Cristian
authors: C
authors: Serafinceanu
authors: Department of Infectious Diseases, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.
authors: Cristian
authors: C
authors: Oancea
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
keywords: Metabolic syndrome; adiponectin; leptin; obesity; type 1 diabetes