title: Modulation, bioinformatic screening, and assessment of small molecular peptides targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor.
abstract: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor (VEGFR) are important factors in tumor growth and metastasis. Molecular probes or drugs designed to target VEGF/VEGFR interactions are crucial in tumor molecular imaging and targeted therapy. Bioinformatic methods enable molecular design based on the structure of bio-macromolecules and their interactions. This study was aimed to identify tumor-targeting small-molecule peptides with high affinity for VEGFR using bioinformatics screening. The VEGFR extracellular immunoglobulin-like modules Ig1-Ig3 were used as the target to systematically alter the primary peptide sequence of VEGF125-136. Molecular docking and surface functional group interaction methods were combined in an in silico screen for polypeptides, which in theory, would have higher affinities for VEGFR. In vitro receptor competition binding assays were used to assess the affinity of the putative VEGFR-binding polypeptides. Rhodamine-conjugated peptides were used to label and visualize peptide-binding sites on A549 cells. Using bioinformatic screening, we identified 20 polypeptides with potentially higher affinity for VEGFR. The polypeptides were capable of inhibiting the binding of (125)I-VEGF to VEGFR in a dose-dependent manner. The IC50 values of QKRKRKKSRKKH and RKRKRKKSRYIVLS (80 and 185 nmol/L, respectively) were significantly lower than that of VEGF125-136 (464 nmol/L); thus, the affinity of these peptides for VEGFR was 6- and 2.5-fold higher, respectively, than that of VEGF125-136. Rhodamine labeling of A549 cells revealed peptide binding mainly on the plasma membrane and in the cytoplasm. Bioinformatic approaches hold promise for the development of molecular imaging probes. Using this approach, we designed two peptides that showed higher affinity toward VEGFR. These polypeptides may be used as molecular probes or drugs targeting VEGFR, which can be utilized in molecular imaging and targeted therapy of certain tumors.
authors: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China, wlf1211@126.com.
authors: Shibin
authors: S
authors: Feng
authors: Lingyun
authors: L
authors: Zou
authors: Qingshan
authors: Q
authors: Ni
authors: Xiang
authors: X
authors: Zhang
authors: Qianwei
authors: Q
authors: Li
authors: Lei
authors: L
authors: Zheng
authors: Laiping
authors: L
authors: Xie
authors: Hongmin
authors: H
authors: Li
authors: Dingde
authors: D
authors: Huang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D019295:Computational Biology; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D062105:Molecular Docking Simulation; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D013816:Thermodynamics; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010455:Peptides; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor