title: Pituitary apoplexy: managing the life-threatening condition associated with pituitary adenomas.
abstract: Pituitary tumor apoplexy is one of a few life-threatening conditions in patients with pituitary adenomas. The very low incidence of this complication hinders formulation of widespread guidelines on diagnostic and therapeutic management. This article presents current opinions on epidemiology, risk factors, clinical signs and symptoms, also the difficulties in selecting appropriate therapeutic management. The paper has focused particularly on making decisions regarding surgical or conservative treatment in pituitary tumor apoplexy. Also the consequences of these decisions based on the key literature references. The article presents endocrine and neuro-ophthalmic consequences of previous pituitary tumor apoplexy with the key management principles for the follow-up period.
authors: Department of Endocrinology and Isotope Therapy Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland - pwitek@wim.mil.pl.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Witek
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000098:blood supply / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D000309:Adrenal Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003244:Consciousness Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D003389:Cranial Nerve Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D019299:Decompression, Surgical; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D018491:Dopamine Agonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006261:Headache / Q000209:etiology; D020249:Hormone Replacement Therapy; D006728:Hormones / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007016:Hypophysectomy / Q000379:methods; D007018:Hypopituitarism / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D009408:Nerve Compression Syndromes / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D059906:Neuroimaging; D047748:Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D010899:Pituitary Apoplexy / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D011247:Pregnancy; D011252:Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D006728:Hormones