title: Effect of dietary supplementation of procyanidin on growth performance and immune response in pigs.
abstract: This study was performed to determine the effect of dietary supplementation of procyanidin on growth performance, blood characteristics, and immune function in growing pigs. In experiment 1 (Exp. 1), thirty-two crossbred pigs with an initial BW of 19.2±0.3 kg were allocated into 4 treatments for an 8-wk experiment: i) CON (basal diet), ii) MOS 0.1 (basal diet+0.1% mannanoligosaccharide), iii) Pro-1 (basal diet+0.01% procyanidin), and iv) Pro-2 (basal diet+0.02% procyanidin). Pigs fed Pro-1 and Pro-2 diets had greater (p<0.05) gain:feed ratio compared with those fed CON or MOS 0.1 diets. Serum creatinine concentration was less (p<0.05) in Pro-2 treatment than those in CON, MOS 0.1 and Pro-1 treatments. In Exp. 2, twelve pigs (BW 13.4±1.3 kg) received basal diet with i) 0 (CON), ii) 0.02% (Pro-0.02%), and iii) 0.04% procyanidin (Pro-0.04%) for 4 wk. Concentration of platelets was lower (p<0.05) in the Pro-0.04% group compared to CON at 24 h after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. In addition, secretion of cytokines from cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in the presence or absence of procyanidin was examined. The levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were lower (p<0.05) in Pro (LPS-stimulated PBMCs+procyanidin) than those in CON (LPS-stimulated PBMCs+PBS) at 4 h after LPS challenge. These data suggest that dietary addition of procyanidin improves feed efficiency and anti-inflammatory cytokines of pigs.
authors: National Institute of Animal Science, R.D.A., Suwon 441-706, Korea.
authors: J C
authors: JC
authors: Park
authors: National Institute of Animal Science, R.D.A., Suwon 441-706, Korea.
authors: S H
authors: SH
authors: Lee
authors: National Institute of Animal Science, R.D.A., Suwon 441-706, Korea.
authors: J K
authors: JK
authors: Hong
authors: National Institute of Animal Science, R.D.A., Suwon 441-706, Korea.
authors: J H
authors: JH
authors: Cho
authors: National Institute of Animal Science, R.D.A., Suwon 441-706, Korea.
authors: I H
authors: IH
authors: Kim
authors: National Institute of Animal Science, R.D.A., Suwon 441-706, Korea.
authors: S K
authors: SK
authors: Park
keywords: Growth Performance; Immune Response; Lipopolysaccharide; Pigs; Procyanidin