title: Antitumor effect of soybean lectin mediated through reactive oxygen species-dependent pathway.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study evaluated the potential role of soybean lectin's (SBL) anticancer effect in vitro in different cancer cell lines and the therapeutic effectiveness in vivo in Dalton's lymphoma (DL) bearing mice model.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effect of SBL on cell growth and viability was measured using MTT assay in different cancer cells in vitro. Apoptosis, autophagic cell death, DNA-damaging potential and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were analyzed in HeLa cells. The in vivo efficacy of SBL was demonstrated in Dalton's lymphoma (DL) bearing mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SBL demonstrated clear, strong antiproliferative activity without affecting normal cells; however, heat denaturation of SBL diminished the antiproliferative efficacy of molecule as demonstrated by MTT assay. A sharp 74.51 ± 3.5% and 82.95 ± 5.8% inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in DL mice occurred when SBL was administered at a dosage of 1 and 2mg/kg body weight (i.p.), respectively, for ten days with the induction of autophagic and apoptotic cell death. An in vitro investigation revealed that SBL-mediated autophagy, apoptosis and DNA damage in HeLa cells were inflicted through the generation of ROS in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, pre-treating HeLa cells with N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a typical ROS scavenger, led to a noticeable reduction in SBL-induced autophagy, apoptosis and DNA-damaging activities, suggesting that SBL's antitumor potential was governed by ROS activation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, we evaluated the apoptotic, autophagic death, and DNA-damaging effects of SBL in cancer cells, which may have the potential to be used as a phyto-derived protein for cancer therapy.
authors: Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
authors: Prashanta Kumar
authors: PK
authors: Panda
authors: Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
authors: Subhadip
authors: S
authors: Mukhopadhyay
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India.
authors: Birendra
authors: B
authors: Behera
authors: Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
authors: Chandra Sekhar
authors: CS
authors: Bhol
authors: Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
authors: Sandeep
authors: S
authors: Dey
authors: Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
authors: Durgesh Nandini
authors: DN
authors: Das
authors: Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
authors: Niharika
authors: N
authors: Sinha
authors: Department of Biotechnology & Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
authors: Akalabya
authors: A
authors: Bissoyi
authors: Department of Biotechnology & Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
authors: Krishna
authors: K
authors: Pramanik
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India.
authors: Tapas K
authors: TK
authors: Maiti
authors: Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India. Electronic address: sbhutia@nitrkl.ac.in.
authors: Sujit K
authors: SK
authors: Bhutia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006367:HeLa Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D056945:Hep G2 Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy; D051379:Mice; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy; D037121:Plant Lectins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D030262:Soybean Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D037121:Plant Lectins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D030262:Soybean Proteins; C028824:soybean lectin; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins
keywords: Apoptosis; Autophagy; DNA damage; Dalton's lymphoma; Reactive oxygen species; Soybean lectin