title: Sunburn among active component service members, U.S. Armed Forces, 2002-2013.
abstract: Sunburn is caused by acute overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation directly from the sun or from artificial UV sources. Service members are at risk of excessive exposure to sunlight due to the nature of their military duties, which often involve working and training outdoors, and deployment to environments where UV radiation is more intense. From January 2002 through December 2013, a total of 19,172 incident cases of clinically significant sunburn were diagnosed among active component service members. Most of the cases (80.2%) were first degree sunburn. The incidence rates of sunburn diagnoses were higher among females, white non-Hispanics, younger age groups, individuals in the Marine Corps or Army, and among enlisted service members. Additionally, the rate among recruits was more than 3.5 times the rate for non-recruits. Sixty-one percent of all diagnosed cases occurred from May through July. Sunburn cases occurred in all areas of the U.S., particularly near major recruit and combat training locations. Service members are strongly advised to practice sun safety as a part of heat illness prevention, including properly using broad-spectrum sunscreen, finding or constructing shade during work and rest, wearing protective clothing and military combat eye protection items, and avoiding tanning booths and sun lamps.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000517:prevention & control; D005006:Ethnicity; D005135:Eye Protective Devices; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008889:Military Personnel / Q000145:classification / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000517:prevention & control; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011314:Preventive Health Services / Q000379:methods; D011481:Protective Clothing; D012307:Risk Factors; D012621:Seasons; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013471:Sunburn / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D013473:Sunscreening Agents