title: Magnetic resonance cholangiography in the assessment and management of biliary complications after OLT.
abstract: Despite advances in patient and graft management, biliary complications (BC) still represent a challenge both in the early and delayed period after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Because of unspecific clinical presentation, imaging is often mandatory in order to diagnose BC. Among imaging modalities, magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRC) has gained widespread acceptance as a tool to represent the reconstructed biliary tree noninvasively, using both the conventional technique (based on heavily T2-weighted sequences) and contrast-enhanced MRC (based on the acquisition of T1-weighted sequences after the administration of hepatobiliary contrast agents). On this basis, MRC is generally indicated to: (1) avoid unnecessary procedures of direct cholangiography in patients with a negative examination and/or identify alternative complications; and (2) provide a road map for interventional procedures or surgery. As illustrated in the review, MRC is accurate in the diagnosis of different types of biliary complications, including anastomotic strictures, non-anastomotic strictures, leakage and stones.
authors: Rossano Girometti, Lorenzo Cereser, Massimo Bazzocchi, Chiara Zuiani, Institute of Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy.
authors: Rossano
authors: R
authors: Girometti
authors: Rossano Girometti, Lorenzo Cereser, Massimo Bazzocchi, Chiara Zuiani, Institute of Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy.
authors: Lorenzo
authors: L
authors: Cereser
authors: Rossano Girometti, Lorenzo Cereser, Massimo Bazzocchi, Chiara Zuiani, Institute of Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy.
authors: Massimo
authors: M
authors: Bazzocchi
authors: Rossano Girometti, Lorenzo Cereser, Massimo Bazzocchi, Chiara Zuiani, Institute of Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy.
authors: Chiara
authors: C
authors: Zuiani
keywords: Bile ducts obstruction; Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography; Magnetic resonance imaging cholangiopancreatography; Orthotopic liver transplantation; Orthotopic liver transplantation complications