title: Risk stratification of prostate cancer patients based on EPS-urine zinc content.
abstract: The early detection of prostate cancer is a life-saving event in patients harboring potentially aggressive disease. With the development of malignancy there is a dramatic reduction in the zinc content of prostate tissue associated with the inability of cancer cells to accumulate the ion. In the current study, we utilized endogenous zinc as a diagnostic biomarker for prostate cancer. We employed a novel fluorescent sensor for mobile zinc (ZPP1) to measure the concentration of zinc in thirty-nine patient samples of expressed prostatic secretion (EPS) in urine. We estimated the probability of classifying a subject as benign, low-risk, or high-risk as functions of the diagnostic test results using a non-informative prior Bayesian approach. Permutation tests and other non-parametric tests were also used. We demonstrated a significant trend in zinc score with disease and with disease risk (P = 0.03), and lack of a significant correlation between zinc score and PSA. We also showed that the proposed diagnostic is potentially superior to PSA for detecting high-risk disease. Considering that risk stratification represents an important unmet need, our method should advance the field of prostate cancer diagnostics and treatment planning.
authors: Molecular Imaging Laboratory, MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02129, USA.
authors: Zdravka
authors: Z
authors: Medarova
authors: Molecular Imaging Laboratory, MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02129, USA.
authors: Subrata K
authors: SK
authors: Ghosh
authors: Molecular Imaging Laboratory, MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02129, USA.
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Vangel
authors: Center for Biomedical Proteomics, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School Norfolk, VA 23507, USA.
authors: Richard
authors: R
authors: Drake
authors: Molecular Imaging Laboratory, MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02129, USA.
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Moore
keywords: Diagnostics; cancer; prostate; risk-stratification; zinc