title: Disposable devices for RIRS: where do we stand in 2013? What do we need in the future?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Disposable devices for retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) form a significant part of the urologist's armamentarium for the endoscopic management of urologic diseases. Herein, we provide an overview of the literature regarding the advances and controversies of these devices.
  
  
  METHODS
  A PubMed search was used to identify the literature discussing the subject of disposable devices for RIRS. Articles published between 2012 and 2013 were considered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ureteral access implements including access sheaths, wires, and dilators are an area of both improvement and controversy regarding their proper use. The safety, effectiveness, and limitations of lithotrites continue to be refined. Stone retrieval devices are undergoing persistent miniaturization, and their use may prove to be cost effective. The debate over perioperative stenting remains, while symptom management is explored. A cost-effective option for disposable flexible ureteroscopy shows promise.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While rapid advances in technology and knowledge continue, continual improvements are necessary. Disposable equipment needs persistent refinement and possible miniaturization. More efficient fragment retrieval devices are needed. Durability of laser fibers and safety within ureteroscopes needs to be improved. Reducing stent morbidity remains an ongoing challenge. Lastly, costs need to be reduced by the further development of disposable flexible ureteroscopes and in the recyclability of disposable devices to improve availability worldwide.
authors: Division of Urologic Surgery, Comprehensive Kidney Stone Center, Duke University Medical Center, Room 1573 White Zone, Box 3167, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
authors: Richard H
authors: RH
authors: Shin
authors: Michael E
authors: ME
authors: Lipkin
authors: Glenn M
authors: GM
authors: Preminger
mesh_terms: D004209:Disposable Equipment / Q000639:trends; D004867:Equipment Design; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation; D008096:Lithotripsy / Q000295:instrumentation; D015607:Stents; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation; D014515:Ureteral Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D018666:Ureteroscopy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000639:trends