title: Comparative analyses of host responses upon infection with moderately virulent classical swine fever virus in domestic pigs and wild boar.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Classical swine fever (CSF) is one of the most important viral diseases of pigs. Clinical signs may vary from almost inapparent infection to a hemorrhagic fever like illness. Among the host factors leading to different disease courses are age, breed, and immune status. The aim of this study was to compare host responses of different pig breeds upon infection with a recent moderately virulent CSF virus (CSFV) strain, and to assess their impact on the clinical outcome and the efficiency of immune responses. To this means, two domestic pig types (German Landrace and hybrids), were compared to European wild boar. Along with clinical and pathological assessments and routine virological and serological methods, kinetics of immune-cellular parameters were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All animals were susceptible to infection and despite clinical differences, virus could be detected in all infected animals to similar amounts. All but one animal developed an acute disease course, two landrace animals recovered after a transient infection. One wild boar got chronically infected. Changes in the percentages of lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood did not show a clear correlation with the clinical outcome. High and early titers of neutralizing antibodies were especially detected in wild boar and German Landrace pigs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While differences among breeds did not have the expected impact on course and outcome of CSFV infection, preload with facultative pathogens and even small differences in age seemed to be more relevant. Future studies will target the characterization of responses observed during different disease courses including cytokine reactions and further analyses of lymphocyte subsets.
authors: Anja
authors: A
authors: Petrov
authors: Ulrike
authors: U
authors: Blohm
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Beer
authors: Jana
authors: J
authors: Pietschmann
authors: Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Suedufer 10, 17493 Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany. sandra.blome@fli.bund.de.
authors: Sandra
authors: S
authors: Blome
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D016175:B-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006691:Classical Swine Fever / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D006692:Classical Swine Fever Virus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000276:immunology*; D010641:Phenotype; D034421:Sus scrofa; D013552:Swine; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D000914:Antibodies, Viral