title: A brief intervention increases fruit and vegetable intake. A comparison of two intervention sequences.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness of two subsequent intervention components (motivational and self-regulatory components), placed in different order, to promote fruit and vegetable (FV) intake.
  
  
  METHODS
  After baseline assessment, university students (N=205, aged 18-26 years) were allocated to two groups. One group received a motivational intervention (outcome expectancies, risk perception, and task self-efficacy) followed by a self-regulatory intervention (planning and dietary self-efficacy) after 17 days. The second group received the same intervention conditions in the opposite order. Follow-up assessments were done after another 17 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both intervention sequences yielded gains in terms of FV intake and self-efficacy. However, this gain was only due to the self-regulatory component whereas the motivational component did not contribute to the changes. Moreover, changes in intention and self-efficacy mediated between intervention sequence and follow-up behavior, suggesting that improving these proximal predictors of FV intake was responsible for the behavioral gains.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings highlight the superiority of a self-regulatory intervention over a motivational intervention when it comes to dietary changes in this sample of young adults. Moreover, changes in dietary self-efficacy may drive nutritional changes.
authors: Health Psychology Department, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: pempa.lhakhang@fu-berlin.de.
authors: Pempa
authors: P
authors: Lhakhang
authors: Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Cis-IUL, Lisboa, Portugal.
authors: Cristina
authors: C
authors: Godinho
authors: Health Psychology Department, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
authors: Nina
authors: N
authors: Knoll
authors: Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, 25A Barker Road, Strathfield, NSW 2135, Australia; Department of Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, ul. Ostrowskiego 30b, 53-238 Wroclaw, Poland; Health Psychology Department, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
authors: Ralf
authors: R
authors: Schwarzer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004032:Diet; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D015438:Health Behavior; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014675:Vegetables; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Fruit; Motivation; Planning; Self-efficacy; Self-regulation; Vegetables