title: Comparative expression of matrix metalloproteinases in internal malignancies and paired cutaneous metastatic lesions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP), and membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) are thought to be involved in the destruction of basement membrane and stromal invasion by cancer cells.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to identify and compare MMP and TIMP expression in internal malignancies and paired cutaneous metastatic lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, MT1-MMP, and TIMP-2 in the internal malignancy and paired cutaneous metastatic lesion using immunohistochemical stains.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cutaneous metastatic lesions expressed significantly more MMP-2, MMP-9, and MT1-MMP and significantly less TIMP-2 than did the paired internal malignancies. In breast cancer, cutaneous metastatic lesions expressed significantly more MMP-9 and significantly less TIMP-2 than did the primary breast cancer lesion. In lung cancer, the cutaneous metastatic lesion expressed significantly more MMP-2 and MT1-MMP than did the primary lesion. In stomach cancer, the cutaneous metastatic lesion expressed significantly less TIMP-2 than did the primary lesion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study demonstrates that cutaneous metastatic lesions have different MMPs and TIMP-2 expression patterns compared with their paired internal malignancies. Also, MMPs and TIMP-2 expression differs according to the type of primary cancer.
authors: *Department of Dermatology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; †Yeouido Oracle Cosmetic Dermatosurgery Clinic, Seoul, Korea; and ‡Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Tae Hyung
authors: TH
authors: Kim
authors: Jin Young
authors: JY
authors: Jung
authors: Hyo Jin
authors: HJ
authors: Roh
authors: Kee Yang
authors: KY
authors: Chung
authors: Mi Ryung
authors: MR
authors: Roh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D053511:Matrix Metalloproteinase 14 / Q000032:analysis; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000032:analysis; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000032:analysis; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000032:analysis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000556:secondary; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 / Q000032:analysis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C560823:TIMP2 protein, human; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; C522361:MMP2 protein, human; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; C507086:MMP14 protein, human; D053511:Matrix Metalloproteinase 14