title: Palmitic acid in the sn-2 position of dietary triacylglycerols does not affect insulin secretion or glucose homeostasis in healthy men and women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Dietary triacylglycerols containing palmitic acid in the sn-2 position might impair insulin release and increase plasma glucose.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used a cross-over designed feeding trial in 53 healthy Asian men and women (20-50 years) to test this hypothesis by exchanging 20% energy of palm olein (PO; control) with randomly interesterified PO (IPO) or high oleic acid sunflower oil (HOS). After a 2-week run-in period on PO, participants were fed PO, IPO and HOS for 6 week consecutively in randomly allocated sequences. Fasting (midpoint and endpoint) and postprandial blood at the endpoint following a test meal (3.54 MJ, 14 g protein, 85 g carbohydrate and 50 g fat as PO) were collected for the measurement of C-peptide, insulin, glucose, plasma glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1, lipids and apolipoproteins; pre-specified primary and secondary outcomes were postprandial changes in C-peptide and plasma glucose.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Low density lipoprotein cholesterol was 0.3 mmol/l (95% confidence interval (95% CI)) 0.1, 0.5; P<0.001) lower on HOS than on PO or IPO as predicted, indicating good compliance to the dietary intervention. There were no significant differences (P=0.58) between diets among the 10 male and 31 female completers in the incremental area under the curve (0-2 h) for C-peptide in nmol.120 min/l: GM (95% CI) were PO 220 (196, 245), IPO 212 (190, 235) and HOS 224 (204, 244). Plasma glucose was 8% lower at 2 h on IPO vs PO and HOS (both P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Palmitic acid in the sn-2 position does not adversely impair insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis.
authors: King's College London, Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Research Division, School of Medicine, London, UK.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Filippou
authors: Product Development and Advisory Services Division, Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, Malaysia.
authors: K-T
authors: KT
authors: Teng
authors: King's College London, Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Research Division, School of Medicine, London, UK.
authors: S E
authors: SE
authors: Berry
authors: King's College London, Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Research Division, School of Medicine, London, UK.
authors: T A B
authors: TA
authors: Sanders
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D028023:Arecaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004951:Esterification; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000073878:Palm Oil; D019308:Palmitic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000009:adverse effects*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004041:Dietary Fats; D007328:Insulin; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D014280:Triglycerides; D019301:Oleic Acid; D019308:Palmitic Acid; D000073878:Palm Oil; D002097:C-Reactive Protein