title: The detection of periapical pathoses in root filled teeth using single and parallax periapical radiographs versus cone beam computed tomography - a clinical study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To clinically assess the diagnostic yield from single parallel periapical, two parallax radiographs and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) by comparing the prevalence of periapical lesions associated with individual roots, and the total number of root canals in root-treated teeth in patients referred for root canal retreatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Single and parallax periapical radiographs, and CBCT scans, were taken of 100 teeth in 78 patients who had been referred for root canal retreatment. The presence of a periapical lesion associated with each specific root and the number of identifiable root canals were assessed using each imaging modality by a consensus panel of two examiners. The number of root canals was confirmed using the dental-operating microscope during treatment. In addition, the panel was asked to decide whether they felt they had adequate information to manage each case.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 209 paired roots were assessed for periapical lesions. Lesions were identified in 41%, 38% and 68% of paired roots when using single radiographs, two parallax radiographs and CBCT respectively. The number of root canals identified were 186, 218, 242 and 239 when using parallel, parallax, CBCT and the dental-operating microscope, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CBCT detected significantly more periapical lesions and root canals than both single and parallax periapical radiographs. There was no significant difference between CBCT and the clinical microscope in the identification of root canals. Whilst two parallax radiographs detect significantly more root canals than a single radiograph, they did not increase detection of periapical lesions when compared to a single periapical radiograph.
authors: Department of Endodontology, Kings College Dental Institute, Guys Hospital, London Bridge, London, UK.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Davies
authors: Department of Endodontology, Kings College Dental Institute, Guys Hospital, London Bridge, London, UK.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Mannocci
authors: Department of Endodontology, Kings College Dental Institute, Guys Hospital, London Bridge, London, UK.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Mitchell
authors: Biomedical Statistics, Kings College Dental Institute, Denmark Hill, London, UK.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Andiappan
authors: Department of Endodontology, Kings College Dental Institute, Guys Hospital, London Bridge, London, UK.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Patel
mesh_terms: D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010485:Periapical Periodontitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D019252:Radiography, Dental, Digital; D019233:Retreatment; D012390:Root Canal Therapy; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D017211:Treatment Failure
keywords: cone beam computed tomography; intra-oral radiographs; parallax radiographs; periapical lesions