title: The effect of inhaled nitric oxide on the carrageenan-induced paw edema.
abstract: Inhaled nitric oxide therapy reaches not only pulmonary vessels, but also other vasculatures, presenting anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of inhaled nitric oxide on a mice model of carrageenan-induced paw edema. Paw edema was induced in male Swiss mice (20-30 g) by subplantar injection of carrageenan (0.05 ml of a 1% suspension in 0.9% saline). The evaluation of time-course edema (mililiter) was measured by plethysmometry until 12 h following carrageenan administration. Thirty minutes after carrageenan injection, some groups received inhaled nitric oxide (300 ppm at variable doses and times) or Indometacin (INDO 5 mg/Kg, v.o), while others received sildenafil (1 mg/Kg, i.p) or rolipram (3 mg/Kg, i.p.) with or without inhaled nitric oxide. Paws were assessed for edema levels by plethysmometry, mieloperoxidase activity and histological analysis. Inhaled nitric oxide significantly reduced carrageenan-induced paw edema, mieloperoxidase activity and inflammatory infiltrate, although similar results were also observed in sildenafil and rolipram treated groups. In addition, significant effects between inhaled nitric oxide with pharmacological therapy was observed. Inhaled nitric oxide presents anti-inflammatory effects on carrageenan-induce paw edema, as observed through reduced edema, mieloperoxidase activity and neutrophil infiltration, indicating that inhaled nitric oxide therapy goes beyond lung vascular effects.
authors: Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences ICB1, University of Sao Paulo USP, Brazil.
authors: Carly Faria
authors: CF
authors: Coelho
authors: Nove de Julho University, UNINOVE, Sao Paulo - SP, Brazil.
authors: Rodolfo P
authors: RP
authors: Vieira
authors: Nove de Julho University, UNINOVE, Sao Paulo - SP, Brazil.
authors: Patrícia Sardinha Leonardo
authors: PS
authors: Lopes-Martins
authors: Laboratory of Pharmacology of Free Radicals, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences ICB1, University of Sao Paulo USP, Sao Paulo - SP, Brazil.
authors: Simone Aparecida
authors: SA
authors: Teixeira
authors: Laboratory of Endometrium Biology, Departament of Cellular and Developmental Biology ICB1, University of Sao Paulo USP, Sao Paulo - SP, Brazil.
authors: Alexandre Urban
authors: AU
authors: Borbely
authors: Laboratory of Pharmacology of Free Radicals, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences ICB1, University of Sao Paulo USP, Sao Paulo - SP, Brazil.
authors: Irene Maria
authors: IM
authors: Gouvea
authors: Biological Sciences and Health Center, Cruzeiro do Sul University, Sao Paulo - SP, Brazil.
authors: Lucio
authors: L
authors: Frigo
authors: Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences ICB1, University of Sao Paulo USP, and University of Mogi das Cruzes - UMC, Núcleo de Pesquisas Tecnológicas - NPT, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, Brazil. rmartins@icb.usp.br.
authors: Rodrigo Álvaro Brandão
authors: RÁ
authors: Lopes-Martins
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002351:Carrageenan; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011687:Purines / Q000494:pharmacology; D020889:Rolipram / Q000494:pharmacology; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D010879:Piperazines; D011687:Purines; D013449:Sulfonamides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002351:Carrageenan; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D020889:Rolipram