title: Response mechanisms of bacterial degraders to environmental contaminants on the level of cell walls and cytoplasmic membrane.
abstract: Bacterial strains living in the environment must cope with the toxic compounds originating from humans production. Surface bacterial structures, cell wall and cytoplasmic membrane, surround each bacterial cell and create selective barriers between the cell interior and the outside world. They are a first site of contact between the cell and toxic compounds. Organic pollutants are able to penetrate into cytoplasmic membrane and affect membrane physiological functions. Bacteria had to evolve adaptation mechanisms to counteract the damage originated from toxic contaminants and to prevent their accumulation in cell. This review deals with various adaptation mechanisms of bacterial cell concerning primarily the changes in cytoplasmic membrane and cell wall. Cell adaptation maintains the membrane fluidity status and ratio between bilayer/nonbilayer phospholipids as well as the efflux of toxic compounds, protein repair mechanisms, and degradation of contaminants. Low energy consumption of cell adaptation is required to provide other physiological functions. Bacteria able to survive in toxic environment could help us to clean contaminated areas when they are used in bioremediation technologies.
authors: Department of Biochemical Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia ; Water Research Institute, Nábrežie arm. gen. L. Svobodu 5, 812 49 Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors: Slavomíra
authors: 0000-0002-9797-3831
authors: S
authors: Murínová
authors: Department of Biochemical Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors: Katarína
authors: 0000-0002-1242-9985
authors: K
authors: Dercová