title: The role of microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in the pathology, diagnosis, and management of melanoma.
abstract: Melanoma is frequently lethal and its global incidence is steadily increasing. Despite the rapid development of different modes of targeted treatment, durable clinical responses remain elusive. A complete understanding of the molecular mechanisms that drive melanomagenesis is required, both genetic and epigenetic, in order to improve prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. There is increased appreciation of the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in melanoma biology, including in proliferation, cell cycle, migration, invasion, and immune evasion. Data are also emerging on the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), such as SPRY4-IT1, BANCR, and HOTAIR, in melanomagenesis. Here we review the data on the miRNAs and lncRNAs implicated in melanoma biology. An overview of these studies will be useful for providing insights into mechanisms of melanoma development and the miRNAs and lncRNAs that might be useful biomarkers or future therapeutic targets.
authors: Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, FL 32827, USA; Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Katchery Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
authors: Muhammad Nauman
authors: MN
authors: Aftab
authors: Garvan Institute of Medical Research and St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia.
authors: Marcel E
authors: ME
authors: Dinger
authors: Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, FL 32827, USA. Electronic address: rperera@sanfordburnham.org.
authors: Ranjan J
authors: RJ
authors: Perera
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002453:Cell Cycle; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics; D008544:Melanocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D008545:Melanoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011379:Prognosis; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D035683:MicroRNAs; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding
keywords: Melanoma; MicroRNAs; Molecular function; Noncoding RNAs