title: Revascularization of an immature tooth with apical periodontitis using a single visit protocol: a case report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To discuss the clinical and radiological outcome of a revascularization procedure which was completed in a single visit (using sodium hypochlorite 5% as the sole disinfectant) in an immature tooth with a necrotic pulp and apical periodontitis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A 7-year-old girl was referred in pain following trauma to the maxillary anterior region some 6-7 weeks previously. The maxillary left central incisor tooth was diagnosed with a necrotic pulp and acute apical periodontitis. Under local anaesthesia and rubber dam isolation, an access cavity was prepared. The canal was irrigated with a 5% sodium hypochlorite solution and agitated with an ultrasonic file. A 17% EDTA solution was also used for a final rinse. Bleeding was induced into the canal space from the periapical tissues using a K-file. An MTA layer/barrier was placed directly onto the blood clot, and a further layer of GC Fuji IX cement was placed on top of the MTA to restore the access cavity. The tooth was reevaluated at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year and 18 months. The tooth has remained symptom free. Radiographic examination shows progressive thickening of the root canal walls, root lengthening and apical closure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Disinfection with 5% sodium hypochlorite followed by the induction of a blood clot into the root canal space may be sufficient to promote revascularization in certain circumstances. A single visit revascularization procedure is a potential treatment option.
authors: The Oranhill Dental Suite, Oranmore, Co., Galway, Ireland.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: McCabe
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D003790:Dental Pulp Necrosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D010485:Periapical Periodontitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D010486:Periapical Tissue / Q000098:blood supply; D012390:Root Canal Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite
keywords: apical periodontitis; immature tooth; open apex; revascularization; single visit; sodium hypochlorite 5%