title: Effects of Storage Duration and Temperature on the Chemical Composition, Microorganism Density, and In vitro Rumen Fermentation of Wet Brewers Grains.
abstract: This study aimed to investigate the effects of storage duration and temperature on the characteristics of wet brewers grains (WBG) as feeds for ruminant animals. Four storage temperatures (5°C, 15°C, 25°C, and 35°C) and four durations (0, 1, 2, and 3 d) were arranged in a 4×4 factorial design. Surface spoilage, chemical composition and microorganism density were analyzed. An in vitro gas test was also conducted to determine the pH, ammonia-nitrogen and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations after 24 h incubation. Surface spoilage was apparent at higher temperatures such as 25°C and 35°C. Nutrients contents decreased concomitantly with prolonged storage times (p<0.01) and increasing temperatures (p<0.01). The amount of yeast and mold increased (p<0.05) with increasing storage times and temperatures. As storage temperature increased, gas production, in vitro disappearance of organic matter, pH, ammonia nitrogen and total VFA from the WBG in the rumen decreased (p<0.01). Our results indicate that lower storage temperature promotes longer beneficial use period. However, when storage temperature exceeds 35°C, WBG should be used within a day to prevent impairment of rumen fermentation in the subtropics such as Southeast China, where the temperature is typically above 35°C during summer.
authors: Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea .
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea .
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Luo
authors: Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea .
authors: K H
authors: KH
authors: Myung
authors: Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea .
authors: J X
authors: JX
authors: Liu
keywords: Chemical Composition; In vitro Rumen Fermentation; Microorganism Density; Storage Duration; Storage Temperature; Wet Brewers Grains