title: Preliminary study about sublingual administration of bacteria-expressed pandemic H1N1 influenza vaccine in miniature pigs.
abstract: Sublingual (SL) administration of influenza vaccine would be non-invasive and effective way to give human populations protective immunity against the virus, especially when pandemic influenza outbreaks. In this study, the efficacy of pandemic influenza virus-based subunit vaccines was tested after sublingual (SL) adjuvant administration in pigs. Eight specific pathogen-free Yucatan pigs were divided into 4 groups: nonvaccinated but challenged (A) and vaccinated and challenged (B, C, and D). The vaccinated groups were subdivided by vaccine type and inoculation route: SL subunit vaccine (hemagglutinin antigen 1 [HA1] + wild-type cholera toxin [wtCT], B); IM subunit vaccine (HA1 + aluminum hydroxide, C); and IM inactivated vaccine (+ aluminum hydroxide, D). The vaccines were administered twice at a 2-week interval. All pigs were challenged with pandemic influenza virus (A/swine/GCVP-KS01/2009 [H1N1]) and monitored for clinical signs, serology, viral shedding, and histopathology. After vaccination, hemagglutination inhibition titre was higher in group D (320) than in the other vaccinated groups (40-80) at the time of challenge. The mobility and feed intake were reduced in group C. Both viral shedding and histopathological lesions were reduced in groups B and D. Although this study has limitation due to the limited number of pigs (2 pigs per a group), the preliminary data in this study provided the protective potential of SL administration of bacteria-expressed pandemic H1N1 influenza vaccine in pigs. There should be additional animal studies about effective adjuvant system and vaccine types for the use of SL influenza vaccination.
authors: Research Evaluation Team, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, 305-811, Republic of Korea.
authors: Hyekwon
authors: H
authors: Kim
authors: Jeong-Ki
authors: JK
authors: Kim
authors: Hohyun
authors: H
authors: Song
authors: Jungah
authors: J
authors: Choi
authors: Byoungshik
authors: B
authors: Shim
authors: Bokyu
authors: B
authors: Kang
authors: Hyoungjoon
authors: H
authors: Moon
authors: Minjoo
authors: M
authors: Yeom
authors: Sang-Hyun
authors: SH
authors: Kim
authors: Daesub
authors: D
authors: Song
authors: Manki
authors: M
authors: Song
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000286:Administration, Sublingual; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D017201:Virus Shedding
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic