title: Estimating drinking-water ingestion and dermal contact with water in a French population of pregnant women: the EDDS cohort study.
abstract: The aim of the present study, a part of the Endocrine Disruptor Deux-Sèvres (EDDS) cohort study, was to estimate water-use habits of pregnant French women. The study population consisted of 132 pregnant women living in Deux-Sèvres (France) in 2012-2013, in areas where drinking water is exclusively produced by surface water. Drinking-water data included ingested water (tap, bottled and filtered) and ingestion place (home, work and elsewhere). Dermal contact with water included showering, bathing, swimming, spa use, hand-washing and other water activities. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews at second and third trimesters of pregnancy with a 1-day-recall questionnaire. Intertrimestral differences in water-use habits were assessed. Predictors of water ingestion and duration of dermal contact with water were assessed with multiple linear regressions. At the second trimester of pregnancy, the mean total drinking-water ingestion was 1.8±0.6 l per day (mean and SD), 71% of which was tap water. Total drinking-water ingestion was not different between both trimesters but ingestion place differed. Dermal contact with water estimate was 188±118 and 173±92 min/week at second and third trimesters, respectively. Smoking increased water ingestion 777 ml/day 95% CI (171-1384). Duration of dermal contact in spring was 30 min/week 95% CI (13-48) higher than in winter. Obese women spend 26 min/week 95% CI (2-50) more showering than women with recommended weight. Our estimates of pregnant French women's exposure to water will help researchers to better assess water pollutant risks.
authors: 1] Department of Analytical Chemistry, Pharmaceutics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Poitiers, IC2MP, UMR7285-CNRS, Poitiers Cedex France [2] Poitiers University Hospital, Biology-Pharmacy-Public Health Pole, Poitiers Cedex, France.
authors: Marion
authors: M
authors: Albouy-Llaty
authors: 1] Department of Analytical Chemistry, Pharmaceutics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Poitiers, IC2MP, UMR7285-CNRS, Poitiers Cedex France [2] Poitiers University Hospital, Biology-Pharmacy-Public Health Pole, Poitiers Cedex, France.
authors: Antoine
authors: A
authors: Dupuis
authors: 1] Department of Analytical Chemistry, Pharmaceutics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Poitiers, IC2MP, UMR7285-CNRS, Poitiers Cedex France [2] Poitiers University Hospital, Biology-Pharmacy-Public Health Pole, Poitiers Cedex, France.
authors: Claire
authors: C
authors: Grignon
authors: Maternal and Childhood Protection, Conseil general des Deux-Sèvres, Niort, France.
authors: Sylvie
authors: S
authors: Strezlec
authors: Poitiers University Hospital, Mother and child Pole, Poitiers Cedex, France.
authors: Fabrice
authors: F
authors: Pierre
authors: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Pharmaceutics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Poitiers, IC2MP, UMR7285-CNRS, Poitiers Cedex France.
authors: Sylvie
authors: S
authors: Rabouan
authors: 1] Department of Analytical Chemistry, Pharmaceutics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Poitiers, IC2MP, UMR7285-CNRS, Poitiers Cedex France [2] Poitiers University Hospital, Biology-Pharmacy-Public Health Pole, Poitiers Cedex, France.
authors: Virginie
authors: V
authors: Migeot
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004326:Drinking; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second / Q000502:physiology*; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third / Q000502:physiology*; D017592:Skin Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical