title: Development of a freeze-dried fungal wettable powder preparation able to biodegrade chlorpyrifos on vegetables.
abstract: Continuous use of the pesticide chlorpyrifos has resulted in harmful contaminations in environment and species. Based on a chlorpyrifos-degrading fungus Cladosporium cladosporioides strain Hu-01 (collection number: CCTCC M 20711), a fungal wettable powder preparation was developed aiming to efficiently remove chlorpyrifos residues from vegetables. The formula was determined to be 11.0% of carboxymethyl cellulose-Na, 9.0% of polyethylene glycol 6000, 5.0% of primary alcohol ethoxylate, 2.5% of glycine, 5.0% of fucose, 27.5% of kaolin and 40% of freeze dried fungi by response surface methodology (RSM). The results of quality inspection indicated that the fungal preparation could reach manufacturing standards. Finally, the degradation of chlorpyrifos by this fungal preparation was determined on pre-harvest cabbage. Compared to the controls without fungal preparation, the degradation of chlorpyrifos on cabbages, which was sprayed with the fungal preparation, was up to 91% after 7 d. These results suggested this freeze-dried fungal wettable powder may possess potential for biodegradation of chlorpyrifos residues on vegetables and provide a potential strategy for food and environment safety against pesticide residues.
authors: Laboratory of Insect Toxicology, and Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Liu
authors: Guangdong Zhuhai Supervision Testing Institute of Quality and Metrology, Zhuhai, P.R. China.
authors: Yue
authors: Y
authors: He
authors: Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.
authors: Shaohua
authors: S
authors: Chen
authors: Laboratory of Insect Toxicology, and Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Xiao
authors: Laboratory of Insect Toxicology, and Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.
authors: Meiying
authors: M
authors: Hu
authors: Laboratory of Insect Toxicology, and Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.
authors: Guohua
authors: G
authors: Zhong
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D001711:Biotransformation; D001937:Brassica / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D002963:Cladosporium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005612:Freeze Drying / Q000379:methods; D010575:Pesticides / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D011208:Powders; D017155:Wettability
chemical_list: D010575:Pesticides; D011208:Powders; D004390:Chlorpyrifos