title: Balteatide: a novel antimicrobial decapeptide from the skin secretion of the purple-sided leaf frog, Phyllomedusa baltea.
abstract: The skin secretions of Neotropical phyllomedusine leaf frogs have proven to be a rich source of biologically active peptides, including antimicrobials. The major families of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) reported are the dermaseptins and phylloseptins and the minor families are the dermatoxins, phylloxins, plasticins, distinctins, and medusins. Here, we report a novel AMP of 10 amino acid residues (LRPAILVRIKamide), named balteatide, from the skin secretion of wild Peruvian purple-sided leaf frogs, Phyllomedusa baltea. Balteatide was found to exhibit a 90% sequence identity with sauvatide, a potent myotropic peptide from the skin secretion of Phyllomedusa sauvagei. However, despite both peptides exhibiting only a single amino acid difference (I/T at position 9), sauvatide is devoid of antimicrobial activity and balteatide is devoid of myotropic activity. Balteatide was found to have differential activity against the Gram-positive bacterium, Staphylococcus aureus; the Gram-negative bacterium, Escherichia coli; and the yeast, Candida albicans, and unusual for phyllomedusine frog skin AMPs, was most potent (MIC 32 mg/L) against the yeast. Balteatide was also devoid of haemolytic activity up to concentrations of 512 mg/L. Phyllomedusine frog skin secretions thus continue to provide novel AMPs, some of which may provide templates for the rational design of new classes of anti-infective therapeutics.
authors: Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
authors: Lilin
authors: L
authors: Ge
authors: Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK ; School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, China.
authors: Xiaole
authors: X
authors: Chen
authors: Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
authors: Chengbang
authors: C
authors: Ma
authors: Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
authors: Mei
authors: M
authors: Zhou
authors: Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
authors: Xinping
authors: X
authors: Xi
authors: Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
authors: Lei
authors: L
authors: Wang
authors: Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK ; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Traditional Formulae Research, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors: Anwei
authors: A
authors: Ding
authors: Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK ; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Traditional Formulae Research, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors: Jinao
authors: J
authors: Duan
authors: Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
authors: Tianbao
authors: T
authors: Chen
authors: Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
authors: Chris
authors: C
authors: Shaw
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D029845:Amphibian Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000664:Amphibian Venoms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001001:Anura / Q000378:metabolism*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D053878:Hemolytic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D029845:Amphibian Proteins; D000664:Amphibian Venoms; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D053878:Hemolytic Agents; D009842:Oligopeptides; C000596529:balteatide peptide, Phyllomedusa baltea; C540676:leucyl-arginyl-prolyl-alanyl-isoleucyl-leucyl-valyl-arginyl-threonyl-lysinamide