title: MDM2 polymorphism associated with the development of cervical lesions in women infected with Human papillomavirus and using of oral contraceptives.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The MDM2 gene is the major negative regulator of p53, a tumor suppressor protein. Single nucleotide polymorphism in promoter region of MDM2 gene leads to increased expression resulting in higher levels of MDM2 protein. This event increases the attenuation of the p53 pathway. Polymorphisms in this gene can interfere in the regulation of cellular proliferation. We evaluated whether MDM2 SNP309 (rs2278744) associated or not with the use of oral contraceptive can heighten susceptibility to development of cervical lesions in women HPV infected.
  
  
  METHODS
  MDM2 SNP309 (rs2278744) was genotyped in a total of 287 patients using the PCR-RFLP technique. The results were analyzed by UNPHASED v.3.121 and SNPStats programs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The three groups (SIL, LSIL and HSIL) showed no significant differences in either genotype or allelic frequencies for MDM2 polymorphisms, except when HSIL was compared with LSIL (p = 0.037; OR = 1.81). Furthermore, in the analysis of contraceptives, a significant association was found between the use of contraceptives and the MDM2 variant in the development of high-grade cervical lesions for the TG genotype (p = 0.019; OR = 2.21) when HSIL was compared with control. When HSIL was compared with LSIL (p = 0.006; OR = 2.27).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study suggest that MDM2 SNP309 might be a good marker for assessing the progression of LSIL to HSIL. In addition, they also show that oral contraceptives alone, did not have any effect on the progression or development of cervical lesions. However, they may act synergistically with MDM2 SNP309 (rs2278744) and HPV infection in the development of cervical lesions.
authors: Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors: Carolina Mm
authors: CM
authors: Amaral
authors: Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors: Katerina
authors: K
authors: Cetkovská
authors: Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors: Ana Pad
authors: AP
authors: Gurgel
authors: Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors: Marcus V
authors: MV
authors: Cardoso
authors: Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors: Bárbara S
authors: BS
authors: Chagas
authors: Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors: Sérgio Sl
authors: SS
authors: Paiva Júnior
authors: Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors: Rita de Cássia Pereira
authors: Rde C
authors: de Lima
authors: Molecular and Cytological Research Laboratory, Department of Histology, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors: Jacinto C
authors: JC
authors: Silva-Neto
authors: Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Alagoas, Brazil.
authors: Luiz Af
authors: LA
authors: Silva
authors: Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Center of Pediatric Oncohaematological, University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors: Maria Tc
authors: MT
authors: Muniz
authors: Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors: Valdir Q
authors: VQ
authors: Balbino
authors: Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors: Antonio C
authors: AC
authors: Freitas
keywords: Cervical cancer; HPV; MDM2; Oral contraceptives