title: The genomic and seroprevalence of human bocavirus in healthy Chinese plasma donors and plasma derivatives.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a novel parvovirus identified in 2005. It has mostly been detected in respiratory and enteric infections and has not been studied large scale in blood products in relation to transfusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  An in-house quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) was developed to test HBoV DNA in plasma and plasma derivatives. Plasma samples (n = 6096) collected from healthy donors, 241 plasma pools, and 326 plasma derivatives were screened for HBoV DNA by Q-PCR. Positive samples were confirmed by nested PCR and further amplified for sequence analysis and phylogenetic studies. The prevalence of immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgM specific to HBoV structural proteins was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 209 samples grouped according to virus load (Group 1, HBoV DNA >10(4) copies/mL; Group 2, HBoV DNA >5 × 10(2) copies/mL but below 10(4) copies/mL; Group 3,HBoV DNA negative).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The genomic prevalence of HBoV in the plasma donors was 9.06%, ranging from 5.01 × 10(2) to 3.02 × 10(6) copies/mL. HBoV-specific IgG and IgM were detected at 20.00 and 7.50% in Group 1, at 20.29 and 2.90% in Group 2, and at 13.00 and 4.0% in Group 3, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses proved that HBoV Genotype 1 was the prevalent genotype in Chinese plasma donors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low levels of HBoV DNA were detectable at high prevalence in Chinese plasma donors and plasma derivatives. Further study is needed to determine whether HBoV screening is necessary.
authors: Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
authors: Hongxue
authors: H
authors: Li
authors: Miao
authors: M
authors: He
authors: Peibin
authors: P
authors: Zeng
authors: Zhan
authors: Z
authors: Gao
authors: Guohui
authors: G
authors: Bian
authors: Chunhui
authors: C
authors: Yang
authors: Wuping
authors: W
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D044466:Asian People; D058070:Asymptomatic Diseases; D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors; D001782:Blood Donors; D058731:Blood Safety; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D016679:Genome, Viral; D005838:Genotype; D056661:Human bocavirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; D010322:Parvoviridae Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D010949:Plasma / Q000821:virology*; D010956:Plasmapheresis; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D014766:Viremia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors; D004279:DNA, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous