title: Rat subcutaneous tissue response to calcium silicate containing different arsenic concentrations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the response of rat subcutaneous tissue in implanted polyethylene tubes that were filled with GMTA Angelus and Portland cements containing different arsenic concentrations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Atomic absorption spectrophotometry was utilized to obtain the values of the arsenic concentration in the materials. Thirty-six rats were divided into 3 groups of 12 animals for each experimental period. Each animal received two implants of polyethylene tubes filled with different test cements and the lateral of the tubes was used as a control group. After 15, 30 and 60 days of implantation, the animals were killed and the specimens were prepared for descriptive and morphometric analysis considering: inflammatory cells, collagen fibers, fibroblasts, blood vessels and other components. The results were analyzed utilizing the Kuskal-Wallis test and the Dunn's Multiple test for comparison (p<0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The materials showed, according to atomic absorption spectrophotometry, the following doses of arsenic: GMTA Angelus: 5.01 mg/kg, WPC Irajazinho: 0.69 mg/kg, GPC Minetti: 18.46 mg/kg and GPC Votoran: 10.76 mg/kg. In a 60-day periods, all specimens displayed a neoformation of connective tissue with a structure of fibrocellular aspect (capsule). Control groups and MTA Angelus produced the lower amount of inflammatory reaction and GPC Minetti, the highest reaction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was no direct relationship between the concentration of arsenic present in the composition of the materials and the intensity of the inflammatory reactions. Higher values, as 18.46 mg/kg of arsenic in the cement, produce characteristics of severe inflammation reaction at the 60-day period. The best results were found in MTA angelus.
authors: Paloma Gagliardi
authors: PG
authors: Minotti
authors: Ronald
authors: R
authors: Ordinola-Zapata
authors: Raquel Zanin
authors: RZ
authors: Midena
authors: Marina Angélica
authors: MA
authors: Marciano
authors: Bruno Cavalini
authors: BC
authors: Cavenago
authors: Clovis Monteiro
authors: CM
authors: Bramante
authors: Roberto Brandão
authors: RB
authors: Garcia
authors: Marco Antonio Hungaro
authors: MA
authors: Duarte
authors: Ivaldo Gomes de
authors: IG
authors: Moraes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001151:Arsenic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D001729:Bismuth / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000187:drug effects; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D003094:Collagen / Q000187:drug effects; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D020959:Polyethylene / Q000737:chemistry; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012016:Reference Values; D017640:Silicates / Q000633:toxicity*; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D040521:Subcutaneous Tissue / Q000187:drug effects*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D017610:Calcium Compounds; D003738:Dental Cements; C475480:MTA-Angelus; D010087:Oxides; D017640:Silicates; D020959:Polyethylene; D003094:Collagen; D001151:Arsenic; C031293:calcium silicate; D001729:Bismuth