title: Metformin inhibits tumor cell migration via down-regulation of MMP9 in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells.
abstract: Metformin is the most widely used anti-diabetic drug in the world. Recent evidence indicates that metformin could potentially inhibit tumorigenesis. In the present study, we found that metformin inhibited cell migration and invasion of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced MCF-7 and tamoxifen-resistant MCF-7 breast cancer cells. This inhibition was correlated with the modulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) via the suppression of its expression and proteolytic activity. These results indicate that metformin leads to the suppression of migration and invasion through regulation of MMP9 and it may have potential as an anticancer drug for therapy in human breast cancer, especially of chemoresistant cancer cells.
authors: Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors: Soon Young
authors: SY
authors: Jang
authors: Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
authors: Aeree
authors: A
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
authors: Jin Kyoung
authors: JK
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
authors: Chungyel
authors: C
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors: Youl-Hee
authors: YH
authors: Cho
authors: Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors: Jong-Ho
authors: JH
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea jiyun-lee@korea.ac.kr chkap@korea.ac.kr.
authors: Chul Hwan
authors: CH
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea jiyun-lee@korea.ac.kr chkap@korea.ac.kr.
authors: Ji-Yun
authors: JY
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008687:Metformin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D013629:Tamoxifen; D008687:Metformin; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
keywords: MMP9; Metformin; invasion; migration; tamoxifen resistance