title: A comparison of the effectiveness of physical activity and sedentary behaviour interventions in reducing sedentary time in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials.
abstract: The objective of this study was to systematically review the literature and compare the effectiveness of controlled interventions with a focus on physical activity (PA) and/or sedentary behaviours (SBs) for reducing sedentary time in adults. Six electronic databases were searched to identify all studies that examined the effects of interventions that targeted PA and/or SBs and that reported on changes in SBs (sedentary, sitting or television time). A qualitative synthesis was performed for all studies, and meta-analyses conducted among studies with mean differences (min/d) of sedentary time.
  CRD42014006535. Sixty-five controlled studies met inclusion criteria; 33 were used in the meta-analyses. Interventions with a focus on PA or that included a PA and SB component produced less consistent findings and generally resulted in modest reductions in sedentary time (PA: standardized mean differences [SMD] = -0.22 [95% confidence interval {CI}: -0.35, -0.10], PA+SB: SMD= -0.37 [95% CI: -0.69, -0.05]). Moderate quality evidence from the randomized controlled trial meta-analysis coupled with the qualitative synthesis provides consistent evidence that large and clinically meaningful reductions in sedentary time can be expected from interventions with a focus on reducing SBs (SMD= -1.28 [95% CI: -1.68, -0.87] ). There is evidence to support the need for interventions to include a component focused on reducing SBs in order to generate clinically meaningful reductions in sedentary time.
authors.affiliation: Division of Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Prince
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Saunders
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gresty
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Reid
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D055317:Evidence-Based Practice; D015444:Exercise / Q000523:psychology; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000523:psychology*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D057185:Sedentary Behavior
keywords: Intervention; physical activity; sedentary behaviour; systematic review
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