title: [Optimization of ultrasonic extraction conditions of safflower yellow from Carthamus tinctorius by response surface methodology].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the optimization of extraction conditions of safflower yellow from Cartbamus tirwtorius by response surface methodology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental factors and levels were selected by one-factor test, and then according to the central composite experimental design principle, response surface'-methodology with three factors and three levels was used to establish a mathematical model to obtain the optimal extraction conditions with hydroxysafflower yellow A being the target and its extraction yield as response value.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The optimal extraction conditions of safflower yellow were as follows: extraction temperature was 55 t, ratio of water to raw material was 16:1 and extraction time was 39 mm for three times.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Under these conditions, the extraction yield of safflower yellow is 1.798%, and the relative error between the predicted value with actual value is 2.758%. The optimized method can provide reference for the efficient extraction of safflower yellow from Carthomos tinctorius
authors.forename: Yan-wen
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Ru-ping
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jia-wei
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Man-cang
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D031187:Carthamus tinctorius / Q000737:chemistry*; D002599:Chalcone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D035264:Flowers / Q000737:chemistry*; D015233:Models, Statistical; D013696:Temperature; D014465:Ultrasonics / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: C076422:safflower yellow; D002599:Chalcone