title: Minimally invasive arthrodesis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint for hallux rigidus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  First metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis plays a significant role in the management of symptomatic hallux rigidus. Several open and one percutaneous technique have been described in the literature. The authors present a minimally invasive technique, not previously published in the UK with patient-reported outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 26 cases of are presented in this prospective, continuous series. Clinical outcome and patient satisfaction were assessed by the Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOXFQ) preoperatively and at most recent follow up (maximum 20 months). Radiographic and clinical evaluation of fusion was also assessed with a fusion rate of 93%.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MOXFQ score for cases where fusion was achieved improved from a mean of 42 points to 18 points at last follow up (p<0.05). Patient satisfaction was overall very good.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This minimally invasive technique is simple and can achieve results similar or better than open techniques in experienced hands. Postoperative care requirements are minimal and both clinical and patient-reported outcome show significant improvement in this series.
authors.affiliation: Foot & Ankle Unit, Epsom & St Helier University Hospital NHS Trust, Wrythe Lane, Carshalton SM5 1AA, United Kingdom. Electronic address: rafik.fanous@doctors.org.uk.
authors.forename: Rafik Nabil
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Fanous
authors.affiliation: Foot & Ankle Unit, Epsom & St Helier University Hospital NHS Trust, Wrythe Lane, Carshalton SM5 1AA, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Sophia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ridgers
authors.affiliation: Foot & Ankle Unit, Epsom & St Helier University Hospital NHS Trust, Wrythe Lane, Carshalton SM5 1AA, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Andrea H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Sott
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001174:Arthrodesis / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D020859:Hallux Rigidus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011859:Radiography; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Arthrodesis; Hallux rigidus; Invasive; Minimally; Technique