title: [The new tools of microbiological diagnosis of tuberculosis].
abstract: This review focuses on the role of new tools in the "modern" microbiological diagnosis of tuberculosis. Traditional techniques of microscopy and culture remain essential to diagnostic certainty, but some innovations replace daily the older techniques such as the identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex by immunochromatography or mass spectrometry MALDI-TOF type from positive cultures, or susceptibility testing in liquid medium. New tools that use molecular techniques have become important. They all have in common to optimize the fight against tuberculosis by reducing diagnostic delay. They also allow rapid detection of drug resistance. However, the techniques of gene amplification directly from clinical samples are still less sensitive than culture. Bacteriological diagnosis of tuberculosis disease therefore still relies on the complementarities of different phenotypic and molecular techniques.
authors.affiliation: Service de bactériologie-hygiène, hôpital Antoine-Béclère, AP-HP, HUPS, 157, rue de la Porte-de-Trivaux, 92140 Clamart, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guillet-Caruba
authors.affiliation: Service de médecine interne et immunologie clinique, hôpital Antoine-Béclère, AP-HP, HUPS, 157, rue de la Porte-de-Trivaux, 92140 Clamart, France; Inserm U996, labex lhermit, université Paris-Sud, 32, rue des Carnets, 92140 Clamart, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.affiliation: Service de bactériologie-hygiène, hôpital Antoine-Béclère, AP-HP, HUPS, 157, rue de la Porte-de-Trivaux, 92140 Clamart, France. Electronic address: florence.doucet-populaire@abc.aphp.fr.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Doucet-Populaire
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D059425:Interferon-gamma Release Tests; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008853:Microscopy; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D021141:Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; D010641:Phenotype; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial
keywords: Diagnostic biologique; Laboratory diagnosis; Molecular techniques; Techniques moléculaires; Tuberculose; Tuberculosis