title: Alkali-soluble polysaccharide, isolated from Lentinus edodes, induces apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest in H22 cells through microtubule depolymerization.
abstract: The aim of the study was to evaluate the pro-apoptotic effects of polysaccharides derived from Lentinus edodes and further elucidated the mechanisms of this action. Our results demonstrated that marked morphological changes of apoptosis were observed after treatment of L. edodes polysaccharides [Lentinan (LTN)]. Moreover, LTN-induced cell apoptosis was characterized by a rapid stimulation of reactive oxygen species production, the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and an increase in intracellular concentration of Ca(2+) . In addition, the results of the haematoxylin and eosin and TUNEL assay further confirmed that LTN-induced apoptosis in vivo. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis showed that LTN could arrest the cell cycle at G2/M phase, and immunofluorescence showed LTN caused disruption of microtubule. These results suggest that disruption of cellular microtubule network, arrest of the cell cycle at G2/M phase and induction of apoptosis may be one of the possible mechanisms of anti-tumour effect of LTN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430022, China.
authors.forename: Ru-Xu
authors.initials: RX
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Jin-Yu
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Shi-Jun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Kai-Ping
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002455:Cell Division; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D059565:G2 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects*; D007912:Lentinan / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008870:Microtubules / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D020942:Shiitake Mushrooms / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D007912:Lentinan; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Lentinus edodes; anti-tumour activity; apoptosis; cell cycle; microtubules network; polysaccharide