title: Negotiating multiple marginalizations: experiences of South Asian LGBQ individuals.
abstract: Drawing from minority stress (Meyer, 2003) and feminist multicultural (Brown, 1994) theories, the present study investigated the additive and interactive relations between 2 types of external minority stress (heterosexist discrimination and racist events) and 4 internal stress processes related to identifying as a South Asian American lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer (LGBQ) person (internalized heterosexism, acculturation, enculturation, and outness as LGBQ) with psychological distress. With 142 participants, Pearson's correlations, multiple regression, and simultaneous multiple moderation analyses were conducted. Experiences of heterosexist discrimination, racist events, and internalized heterosexism were correlated positively with psychological distress and enculturation was correlated negatively. In a test of the additive model, heterosexist discrimination, racist events, and internalized heterosexism accounted for significant and unique variance in psychological distress, but outness, acculturation, and enculturation did not. To test the interactive model, the simultaneous moderating roles of the internal stress processes were examined in the links between the external minority stressors to psychological distress. Only outness as LGBQ emerged as a moderator. The link between racist events and psychological distress was exacerbated in instances of higher outness, such that respondents with high racist events and high outness reported the highest levels of psychological distress. Clinical implications of these findings are discussed and future research directions focused on the needs of South Asian American LGBQ people are suggested.
authors.affiliation: Department of Counseling and Clinical Psychology.
authors.forename: Riddhi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sandil
authors.affiliation: Department of Counseling and Clinical Psychology.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.affiliation: Department of Counseling and Clinical Psychology.
authors.forename: Melanie E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Brewster
authors.affiliation: Department of Counseling and Clinical Psychology.
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Department of Counseling and Clinical Psychology.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Geiger
mesh_terms: D000069:Acculturation; D000328:Adult; D001210:Asia, Southeastern / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D006716:Homosexuality / Q000523:psychology*; D018452:Homosexuality, Female / Q000523:psychology; D018451:Homosexuality, Male / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000072339:Sexual and Gender Minorities / Q000523:psychology*; D062487:Social Marginalization / Q000523:psychology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology; D014481:United States