title: Efficacy of extracorporeal shockwave therapy in frozen shoulder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Frozen shoulder has always been considered important because of the impact on the quality-of-life and long period of illness. Therefore, the use of noninvasive and safe techniques that can speed up the healing process of the disease is important.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was a randomized clinical trial study on patients suffering from frozen shoulder who were referred to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences hospitals in 2011 and 2012. A total of 36 patients were enrolled in the study. Eligible patients were allocated into two groups. Intervention group received extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) once a week for 4 weeks. The control group received sham shockwave therapy once a week for 4 weeks. On the follow-up period, changes in individual performance and the amount of pain and disability were assessed by the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) questionnaire and the range of motion changes were assessed by a goniometer. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Variance analysis revealed a difference in the mean pain and disability score of the SPADI questionnaire, flexion, extension, and abduction, external rotation of involved shoulder between two groups before and after the shockwave therapy (P < 0.05). Improvement was more satisfactory in the intervention group, but the mean internal rotation did not differ significantly in two groups (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of ESWT seems to have positive effects on treatment, quicker return to daily activities, and quality-of-life improvement on frozen shoulder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Alzahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Babak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vahdatpour
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Alzahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Parisa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Taheri
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Alzahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Abolghasem Zare
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: Zade
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Alzahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Saeed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moradian
keywords: Adhesive capsulitis; Shoulder Pain and Disability Index questionnaire; extracorporeal shockwave therapy; frozen shoulder
references.citation: J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2001 Aug;83(6):873-6
references.pmid: 11521932
references.citation: J Orthop Res. 2002 Sep;20(5):895-8
references.pmid: 12382950
references.citation: J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1999 Sep;81(5):863-7
references.pmid: 10530851
references.citation: J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2004 Mar-Apr;13(2):180-5
references.pmid: 14997096
references.citation: Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2001 Jun;(387):60-7
references.pmid: 11400895
references.citation: Wound Repair Regen. 2009 Jul-Aug;17(4):522-30
references.pmid: 19614917
references.citation: Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2010 Nov 26;4(1):6-10
references.pmid: 21475558
references.citation: Phys Ther. 2007 Oct;87(10):1307-15
references.pmid: 17684085
references.citation: Man Ther. 2011 Oct;16(5):419-33
references.pmid: 21396877
references.citation: J Trauma. 2003 May;54(5):936-42
references.pmid: 12777907
references.citation: BMJ. 2005 Dec 17;331(7530):1453-6
references.pmid: 16356983
references.citation: J Hand Ther. 2004 Apr-Jun;17(2):132-51
references.pmid: 15162101
references.citation: J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010 Nov 3;92(15):2514-22
references.pmid: 21048171
references.citation: J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2002 Mar;84(3):335-41
references.pmid: 11886900
references.citation: J Res Med Sci. 2012 Sep;17(9):834-8
references.pmid: 23826009