title: Simultaneous determination of five mercapturic acid derived from volatile organic compounds in human urine by LC-MS/MS and its application to relationship study.
abstract: Acrylonitrile, acrolein, 1,3-butadiene, benzene, and crotonaldehyde are hazard volatile organic compounds in tobacco smoke, which can be metabolized to mercapturic acids (MAs) excreted in urine. MAs are can be regarded as important and specific biomarkers to evaluate exposure to those carcinogenic volatile organic compounds. A simultaneous determination of N-acetyl-S-2-cyanoethyl-cysteine (CEMA), 3-hydroxypropyl)-L-cysteine (3-HPMA), N-acetyl-S-(3,4-dihydroxybutyl)-L-cysteine (DHBMA), N-acetyl-S-(phenyl)-L-cysteine (SPMA) and 3-hydroxy-1-methylpropylmercapturic acid (HMPMA) derived from five volatile organic compounds by column-switching LC-MS/MS has been described. MAs were concentrated and cleaned up by an online reusable pre-column packed with restricted access material. The intra- and inter-day precisions of the method ranged from 0.7% to 15.2%. The LODs was 0.013-0.053 ng/mL. The recovery of the whole analytical procedure ranged from 79.3% to 116%. After validation, this method was successfully applied to urine samples from smokers (n=246) and nonsmokers (n=58). The results showed MAs in urine from smokers were significantly higher than that in nonsmoker except for SPMA. Urinary CEMA significantly correlated with 3-HPMA (r=0.763, P<0.0001) and HMPMA (r=0.910, P<0.0001). CEMA, 3-HPMA and HMPMA are potential biomarkers to distinguish the differences between smokers and nonsmokers.
authors.affiliation: China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, No. 2 Fengyang Street, Zhengzhou High & New Technology Industries Development Zone, 450001 Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaotao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, No. 2 Fengyang Street, Zhengzhou High & New Technology Industries Development Zone, 450001 Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, No. 2 Fengyang Street, Zhengzhou High & New Technology Industries Development Zone, 450001 Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Longkai
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, No. 2 Fengyang Street, Zhengzhou High & New Technology Industries Development Zone, 450001 Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: qsfctc@163.com.
authors.forename: Hongwei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, No. 2 Fengyang Street, Zhengzhou High & New Technology Industries Development Zone, 450001 Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: huqy1965@163.com.
authors.forename: Qingyuan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000652:urine*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D016014:Linear Models; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012907:Smoking / Q000652:urine; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D000111:Acetylcysteine
keywords: Column-switching; LC–MS–MS; Mercapturic acids; Urine