title: Interference of cationic polymeric nanoparticles with clinical chemistry tests--clinical relevance.
abstract: The development of medical nanosystems requires knowledge of their behavior in vivo. Clinical chemistry tests are widely used to estimate the systemic toxicity of nanoparticles. In this paper we have explored the impact of small positively charged nanoparticles-poly(amidoamine), phosphorous and carbosilane dendrimers - on biochemical parameters of standardized serum in vitro. All the dendrimers could shift the main biochemical parameters. Thus, in the case of patients having the normal, but 'boundary', values of biochemical parameters, nanoparticle-induced changes can be wrongly interpreted as evidence of some dysfunctions (hepatic, renal, etc.). Moreover, the effects of nanoparticles of metals, carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, fullerenes, dendrimers having been sized up to 4000 nm and the hundreds of reactive groups, can be significantly higher. Thus, preliminary evaluation of any nanomaterial in vitro is required in clinical chemistry tests before its application in vivo to draw the correct conclusions and benefit animals.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics and Cell Engineering of NASB, Akademicheskaja, 27, Minsk 220072, Belarus. Electronic address: shcharbin@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Dzmitry
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shcharbin
authors.affiliation: Republican Research and Practical Center of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Minsk, Belarus.
authors.forename: Natallia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shcharbina
authors.affiliation: Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Milowska
authors.affiliation: Departamento Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco Javier
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: de la Mata
authors.affiliation: Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Spain,; Laboratorio de Inmunobiología Molecular, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria Angeles
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Fernandez
authors.affiliation: Université Paris Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 860, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mignani
authors.affiliation: Departamento Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Spain.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gomez-Ramirez
authors.affiliation: Laboratorie de Chimie de Coordination, CNRS, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Majoral
authors.affiliation: Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bryszewska
mesh_terms: D019963:Clinical Chemistry Tests; D050091:Dendrimers / Q000737:chemistry*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000737:chemistry; D044967:Serum / Q000737:chemistry*; D012821:Silanes / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D050091:Dendrimers; C104700:PAMAM Starburst; D012821:Silanes; C504072:carbosilane; D010758:Phosphorus
keywords: Clinical chemistry test; Dendrimer; Enzyme; Nanoparticle; Protein