title: Functional compartmentalization of the plasma membrane of neurons by a unique acyl chain composition of phospholipids.
abstract: In neurons, the plasma membrane is functionally separated into several distinct segments. Neurons form these domains by delivering selected components to and by confining them within each segment of the membrane. Although some mechanisms of the delivery are elucidated, that of the confinement is unclear. We show here that 1-oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine (OPPC), a unique molecular species of phospholipids, is concentrated at the protrusion tips of several neuronal culture cells and the presynaptic area of neuronal synapses of the mouse brain. In PC12 cells, NGF-stimulated neuronal differentiation induces a phospholipase A1 activity at the protrusion tips, which co-localizes with the OPPC domain. Inhibition of the phospholipase A1 activity leads to suppression of phospholipid remodeling in the tip membrane and results in disappearance of the OPPC at the tips. In these cells, confinement of dopamine transporter and Gαo proteins to the tip was also disrupted. These findings link the lateral distribution of the molecular species of phospholipids to the formation of functional segments in the plasma membrane of neurons and to the mechanism of protein confinement at the synapse.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Kochi University Medical School, Kohasu, Okocyou, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan; Center for Innovate and Translational Medicine, and Kochi University Medical School, Kohasu, Okocyou, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan. Electronic address: kugeh@kochi-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kuge
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Kochi University Medical School, Kohasu, Okocyou, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan.
authors.forename: Kana
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Akahori
authors.affiliation: Science Research Center, Kochi University Medical School, Kohasu, Okocyou, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan.
authors.forename: Ken-Ichi
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Yagyu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Kochi University Medical School, Kohasu, Okocyou, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan; Center for Innovate and Translational Medicine, and Kochi University Medical School, Kohasu, Okocyou, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan. Electronic address: khonke@kochi-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Honke
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D044385:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016716:PC12 Cells; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000378:metabolism*; D054466:Phospholipases A1 / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D013569:Synapses / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D044385:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; C034973:1-oleoyl-2-palmitoylphosphatidylcholine; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor; D054466:Phospholipases A1
keywords: Cell Polarity; Membrane Compartmentalization; Neurodifferentiation; Phospholipase A; Phospholipid Metabolism; Phospholipid Remodeling; Protein Targeting; Synapse
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