title: Mental health in women experiencing preterm birth.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the study was to explore the degree of psychological distress, anxiety, and trauma related stress reactions in mothers who experience preterm birth. Secondarily, we wanted to identify possible predictors of maternal mental health problems.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-nine mothers of 35 premature children born before 33rd week of pregnancy were assessed within two weeks after given birth. The standardized psychometric methods; Impact of Event Scale (IES), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and State Anxiety Inventory (STAI) assessed mental health problems. The predictors for maternal distress, anxiety, and trauma related stress reactions were pregnancy variables, preterm delivery, Gestation Age, maternal trait anxiety and parity. In addition, maternal prevalence of mental health problems was assessed by clinical diagnoses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our study revealed a high prevalence (52%) of posttraumatic stress responses in the mothers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest an early examination of mothers' psychological reactions to preterm birth at the maternity ward. An early intervention should be considered while the child still is in the neonatal intensive care unit.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, University College of Oslo and Akershus, PO Box, 4 St, Olavs plass, N-0130 Oslo, Norway. aud.misund@hioa.no.
authors.forename: Aud R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Misund
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nerdrum
authors.forename: Trond H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Diseth
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000523:psychology*; D015995:Prevalence; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012307:Risk Factors; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C556015:PARPBP protein, human
references.citation: J Clin Psychol. 2000 Jan;56(1):89-100
references.pmid: 10661371
references.citation: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2004 Sep;61(9):946-52
references.pmid: 15351773
references.citation: Child Health Care. 1994 Winter;23(1):1-14
references.pmid: 10132662
references.citation: BJOG. 2010 Apr;117(5):540-50
references.pmid: 20121831
references.citation: Psychosom Med. 1979 May;41(3):209-18
references.pmid: 472086
references.citation: Br J Psychiatry. 2007 Nov;191:378-86
references.pmid: 17978316
references.citation: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2004 Aug;43(8):994-1002
references.pmid: 15266194
references.citation: BJOG. 2010 Aug;117(9):1127-38
references.pmid: 20528866
references.citation: Br J Clin Psychol. 2000 Mar;39(1):35-51
references.pmid: 10789027
references.citation: West J Nurs Res. 1993 Feb;15(1):97-113
references.pmid: 8421923
references.citation: Am J Psychiatry. 2001 Jul;158(7):1091-8
references.pmid: 11431231
references.citation: J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol. 2008 Mar;29(1):61-71
references.pmid: 18266166
references.citation: J Affect Disord. 2007 Jan;97(1-3):145-54
references.pmid: 16863660
references.citation: Early Hum Dev. 2004 Sep;79(2):145-58
references.pmid: 15324994
references.citation: Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 1989;355:103-12
references.pmid: 2624128
references.citation: Prenat Diagn. 2007 Aug;27(8):709-16
references.pmid: 17533631
references.citation: Nurs Res. 1995 Sep-Oct;44(5):298-304
references.pmid: 7567486
references.citation: JAMA. 2002 Aug 14;288(6):728-37
references.pmid: 12169077
references.citation: J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol. 2004 Sep-Dec;25(3-4):183-7
references.pmid: 15715017
references.citation: Pediatrics. 2006 Jul;118(1):e9-19
references.pmid: 16818541
references.citation: Pediatrics. 2005 Apr;115(4):915-9
references.pmid: 15805364
references.citation: BJOG. 2010 Oct;117(11):1390-8
references.pmid: 20682022
references.citation: J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2008 May-Jun;37(3):315-28
references.pmid: 18507602
references.citation: JAMA. 1999 Mar 3;281(9):799-805
references.pmid: 10071000
references.citation: JAMA. 2003 Apr 2;289(13):1701
references.pmid: 12672743
references.citation: PLoS One. 2013 Nov 04;8(11):e78693
references.pmid: 24223840
references.citation: Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007 Aug;197(2):158.e1-6
references.pmid: 17689633
references.citation: Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2011 Mar;14(1):1-27
references.pmid: 21052833
references.citation: Pediatrics. 1993 Jan;91(1):45-55
references.pmid: 7677972
references.citation: J Pediatr Nurs. 1997 Jun;12(3):169-77
references.pmid: 9198340
references.citation: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 1983 Summer;13(4):239-48
references.pmid: 6678706
references.citation: Attach Hum Dev. 2003 Jun;5(2):120-35
references.pmid: 12791563
references.citation: Psychosom Med. 2003 Sep-Oct;65(5):870-6
references.pmid: 14508034
references.citation: Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2003 Sep;88(5):F400-4
references.pmid: 12937044
references.citation: Am J Orthopsychiatry. 1987 Jan;57(1):15-21
references.pmid: 3826313
references.citation: BJOG. 2002 Oct;109(10):1154-63
references.pmid: 12387470
references.citation: J Pediatr Nurs. 2010 Apr;25(2):89-97
references.pmid: 20185059
references.citation: Prenat Diagn. 2006 Nov;26(11):1001-9
references.pmid: 16958144
references.citation: J Psychosom Res. 2004 Nov;57(5):473-6
references.pmid: 15581651
references.citation: Am J Perinatol. 2002 May;19(4):205-13
references.pmid: 12012282
references.citation: J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2009 Jun;30(3):193-205
references.pmid: 19412125