title: Insulin and leptin levels in overweight and normal-weight Iranian adolescents: The CASPIAN-III study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In this study, we aim to compare insulin and leptin levels in adolescents with or without excess weight and in those with or without abdominal obesity.
  
  
  METHODS
  This case-control study was conducted among 486 samples. We randomly selected 243 overweight and an equal number of normal-weight adolescents from among participants of the third survey of a national surveillance program entitled Childhood and Adolescence Surveillance and PreventIon of Adult Non-communicable diseases study. Serum insulin and leptin were compared between two groups and their correlation was determined with other variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age and body mass index (BMI) of participants were 14.10 ± 2.82 years and 22.12 ± 6.49 kg/m(2), respectively. Leptin and insulin levels were higher in overweight than in normal-weight adolescents (P < 0.05). Leptin level was higher in children with abdominal obesity than in their other counterparts (P < 0.001). Leptin level was correlated with age, fasting blood glucose, BMI, and insulin level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Insulin and leptin levels were higher among overweight and obese children, which may reflect insulin and leptin-resistance. Given the complications of excess weight from early life, prevention and controlling childhood obesity should be considered as a health priority.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Ehsan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bahrami
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Parisa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mirmoghtadaee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Gelayol
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ardalan
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zarkesh-Esfahani
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Hassan
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Tajaddini
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Shaghayegh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haghjooy-Javanmard
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Hananeh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Najafi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Roya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kelishadi
keywords: Children; insulin; leptin; obesity; overweight
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