title: Customized polymethyl methacrylate implants for the reconstruction of craniofacial osseous defects.
abstract: Craniofacial defects represent alterations in the anatomy and morphology of the cranial vault and the facial bones that potentially affect an individual's psychological and social well-being. Although a variety of techniques and restorative procedures have been described for the reconstruction of the affected area, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), a biocompatible and nondegradable acrylic resin-based implant, is the most widely used alloplastic material for such craniomaxillofacial reconstruction. The aim of this study was to describe a technique for aesthetic and functional preoperative customized reconstruction of craniofacial bone defects from a small series of patients offered by the Brazilian public health system. Three adult male patients attended consultation with chief complaints directly related to their individual craniofacial bone defects. With the aid of multislice computed tomography scans and subsequent fabrication of the three-dimensional craniofacial prototype, custom-made PMMA implants were fabricated preoperatively. Under general anesthesia, with access to the craniofacial defects with a coronal approach, the PMMA implants were adapted and fixated to the facial skeleton with titanium plates and screws. Postoperative evaluation demonstrated uneventful recovery and an excellent aesthetic result. Customized prefabricated PMMA implants manufactured over the rapid prototyping models proved to be effective and feasible.
authors.affiliation: Post-Graduation Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Cuiaba (UNIC), 3100 Manoel Jose de Arruda Street, 78065-480 Cuiaba, MT, Brazil.
authors.forename: André Luis
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Fernandes da Silva
authors.affiliation: Post-Graduation Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Cuiaba (UNIC), 3100 Manoel Jose de Arruda Street, 78065-480 Cuiaba, MT, Brazil ; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois (UIC), 801 South Paulina Street, Chicago, IL 60612-7211, USA ; Division of Dentistry, University General Hospital, 2101 Treze de Junho Street, 78025-000 Cuiaba, MT, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alexandre Meireles
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Borba
authors.affiliation: Post-Graduation Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Cuiaba (UNIC), 3100 Manoel Jose de Arruda Street, 78065-480 Cuiaba, MT, Brazil.
authors.forename: Niverso Rodrigues
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Simão
authors.affiliation: Post-Graduation Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Cuiaba (UNIC), 3100 Manoel Jose de Arruda Street, 78065-480 Cuiaba, MT, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fábio Luis Miranda
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Pedro
authors.affiliation: Post-Graduation Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Cuiaba (UNIC), 3100 Manoel Jose de Arruda Street, 78065-480 Cuiaba, MT, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alvaro Henrique
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9510-6542
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Borges
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois (UIC), 801 South Paulina Street, Chicago, IL 60612-7211, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0030-7411
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miloro
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