title: Role of RANKL-RANK/osteoprotegerin pathway in cardiovascular and bone disease associated with HIV infection.
abstract: Patients with HIV‑1 infection often develop multiple complications and comorbidities, including osteoporosis and atherosclerosis. The receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand/osteoprotegerin axis has been identified as a possible common link between osteoporosis and vascular diseases. Since the discovery of this axis, much has been learned about its role in controlling skeletal biology and less about its role in the context of vascular biology. However, the exact role of the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand/osteoprotegerin axis in HIV infection is not completely understood. In this review we examine the mechanisms by which inflammation and immune dysregulation in HIV‑1 infection may impact bone turnover and atherogenesis through perturbations in the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand/osteoprotegerin axis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Theodoros
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kelesidis
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Judith S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Currier
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Otto O
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Todd T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000378:metabolism*; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000378:metabolism*; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D053245:RANK Ligand; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; C505686:TNFRSF11A protein, human; C505688:TNFSF11 protein, human
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