title: Lycopene attenuates insulin signaling deficits, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and cognitive impairment in fructose-drinking insulin resistant rats.
abstract: Fructose intake is linked with the increasing prevalence of insulin resistance, and insulin resistance links Alzheimer's disease with impaired insulin signaling, oxidative damage, neuroinflammation, and cognitive impairment. As a member of the carotenoid family of phytochemicals, lycopene is used as a potent free scavenger, and has been demonstrated to be effective in anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory reaction in the models of AD and other neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we investigated the effect of lycopene on learning and memory impairment and the possible underlying molecular events in fructose-drinking insulin resistant rats. We found that long-term fructose-drinking causes insulin resistance, impaired insulin signaling, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, down-regulated activity of cholinergic system, and cognitive impairment, which could be significantly ameliorated by oral lycopene administration. The results from this study provide experimental evidence for using lycopene in the treatment of brain damage caused by fructose-drinking insulin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Senile Neurology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, PR China.
authors.forename: Qingqing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Department of Senile Neurology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, PR China.
authors.forename: Yingjuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Senile Neurology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, PR China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Senile Neurology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, PR China.
authors.forename: Xunyao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Department of Senile Neurology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, PR China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Anti-Ageing, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, PR China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Senile Neurology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, PR China.
authors.forename: Menghan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Senile Neurology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, PR China.
authors.forename: Yuying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.affiliation: Department of Senile Neurology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, PR China.
authors.forename: Siqin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Senile Neurology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, PR China; Department of Anti-Ageing, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, PR China.
authors.forename: Ziling
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Department of KI-Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 14186, Sweden; Department of Neurology, Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, PR China; Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, PR China. Electronic address: Jin-Jing.Pei@ki.se.
authors.forename: Jin-Jing
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Pei
authors.affiliation: Department of Senile Neurology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, PR China; Department of Anti-Ageing, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, PR China. Electronic address: lxp6203@163.com.
authors.forename: Xueping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004326:Drinking; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D000077276:Lycopene; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015213:Neuroimmunomodulation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D018697:Nootropic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011897:Random Allocation; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; D007328:Insulin; D018697:Nootropic Agents; D013549:Sweetening Agents; D005632:Fructose; D002338:Carotenoids; D000077276:Lycopene
keywords: Cognitive deficits; Insulin resistance; Lycopene; Neuroinflammation; Oxidative damage