title: Virulence profiles, phylogenetic background, and antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from turkeys with airsacculitis.
abstract: Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) has been studied for decades because of its economic impact on the poultry industry. Recently, the zoonotic potential of APEC and multidrug-resistant strains have emerged. The aim of this study was to characterize 225 APEC isolated from turkeys presenting airsacculitis. The results showed that 92% of strains presented a multidrug-resistance (MDR), and the highest levels of resistance were to sulfamethazine (94%) and tetracycline (83%). Half of these strains were classified in phylogenetic group B2, followed by B1 (28.6%), A (17.1%), and D (4.8%). The prevalence of virulence genes was as follows: salmochelin (iroN, 95%), increased serum survival (iss, 93%), colicin V (cvi/cva, 67%), aerobactin (iucD, 67%), temperature-sensitive haemagglutinin (tsh, 56%), iron-repressible protein (irp2, 51%), invasion brain endothelium (ibeA, 31%), vacuolating autotransporter toxin (vat, 24%), K1 antigen (neuS, 19%), enteroaggregative heat-stable cytotoxin (astA, 17%), and pilus associated with pyelonephritis (papC, 15%). These results demonstrate that the majority of the investigated strains belonged to group B2 and were MDR. These data suggest that turkeys may serve as a reservoir of pathogenic and multidrug-resistance strains, reinforcing the idea that poultry plays a role in the epidemiological chain of ExPEC.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Orlando Marques de Paiva, No. 87, Cidade Universitária, 05508-270 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcos Paulo Vieira
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Orlando Marques de Paiva, No. 87, Cidade Universitária, 05508-270 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Gabriela Xavier
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Orlando Marques de Paiva, No. 87, Cidade Universitária, 05508-270 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mirela Caroline Vilela
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Orlando Marques de Paiva, No. 87, Cidade Universitária, 05508-270 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ketrin Cristina
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Orlando Marques de Paiva, No. 87, Cidade Universitária, 05508-270 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cleise Ribeiro
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Orlando Marques de Paiva, No. 87, Cidade Universitária, 05508-270 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andrea Micke
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Orlando Marques de Paiva, No. 87, Cidade Universitária, 05508-270 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Terezinha
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Knöbl
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial / Q000235:genetics; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D014422:Turkeys; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins
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