title: Hsp70 and lipid peroxide levels following heat stress in Xeropicta derbentina (Krynicki 1836) (Gastropoda, Pulmonata) with regard to different colour morphs.
abstract: Terrestrial snails which live under dry and hot conditions need efficient mechanisms of adaptation to counteract the problems of desiccation and over-heating. A profoundly heat tolerant snail species is the Mediterranean Xeropicta derbentina, exhibiting different shell colour morphs ranging from pale white to darkly banded. Considering that dark-pigmented snails are believed to have a disadvantage due to faster heating, we investigated possible differences in the stress markers Hsp70 and lipid peroxideation between four pre-defined colour morphs which were exposed to different temperatures for eight hours. The highest Hsp70 levels were observed in response to 38-40 °C. Levels decreased when this temperature was exceeded. Snails of a pre-defined colour category 3 (with a large black band at the umbilicus side of the shell) showed the most prominent Hsp70 response. Lipid peroxideation levels also showed a maximum at 38 °C but displayed a second peak at rather high temperatures at which the Hsp70 level already had decreased (45-48 °C). Particularly pure white snails (category 1) and the most pigmented ones (category 4) were found to have different levels of lipid peroxidation at 38 °C and 45 °C compared to the other morphs. A hypothesis involving a combined two-phase defence mechanism, to which both, the Hsp70 protection system and the antioxidant defence system, may contribute, is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Animal Physiological Ecology, University of Tübingen, Konrad-Adenauer-Str. 20, 72072, Tübingen, Germany, A-Dieterich@gmx.de.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dieterich
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Troschinski
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Di Lellis
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Henneberg
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Fischbach
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ludwig
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Gärtner
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Triebskorn
authors.forename: H-R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Köhler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003116:Color; D049851:Gastropoda / Q000378:metabolism*; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D008054:Lipid Peroxides
references.citation: Evolution. 1997 Feb;51(1):173-179
references.pmid: 28568793
references.citation: Cell Stress Chaperones. 2012 Nov;17(6):717-27
references.pmid: 22639082
references.citation: Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2003 Aug;45(2):177-83
references.pmid: 14565574
references.citation: Anal Biochem. 1976 May 7;72:248-54
references.pmid: 942051
references.citation: Annu Rev Biochem. 1993;62:349-84
references.pmid: 8102520
references.citation: Trends Biochem Sci. 1990 Apr;15(4):129-35
references.pmid: 2187293
references.citation: Cell Stress Chaperones. 2014 Nov;19(6):791-800
references.pmid: 24609822
references.citation: Clin Chem. 1995 Dec;41(12 Pt 2):1819-28
references.pmid: 7497639
references.citation: FEBS Lett. 2007 Jul 31;581(19):3702-10
references.pmid: 17544402
references.citation: J Exp Zool B Mol Dev Evol. 2009 Mar 15;312(2):136-47
references.pmid: 19065565
references.citation: Braz J Med Biol Res. 1996 Dec;29(12):1715-33
references.pmid: 9222437
references.citation: Cell Stress Chaperones. 2013 Jul;18(4):405-14
references.pmid: 23250584
references.citation: Exp Physiol. 1997 Mar;82(2):291-5
references.pmid: 9129943
references.citation: Ann Med. 1999 Aug;31(4):261-71
references.pmid: 10480757
references.citation: Mar Pollut Bull. 2009 Jan;58(1):107-13
references.pmid: 18849055
references.citation: Heredity (Edinb). 2011 May;106(5):741-8
references.pmid: 20823904
references.citation: PLoS One. 2014 Jan 27;9(1):e86613
references.pmid: 24475158
references.citation: Talanta. 2003 Jan 2;59(1):67-80
references.pmid: 18968885
references.citation: Cell Mol Life Sci. 2005 Mar;62(6):670-84
references.pmid: 15770419
references.citation: PLoS One. 2011 Apr 27;6(4):e18927
references.pmid: 21556137
references.citation: Chemosphere. 2010 Mar;79(1):40-6
references.pmid: 20163818
references.citation: J Appl Physiol (1985). 2002 May;92(5):2177-86
references.pmid: 11960972
references.citation: Hereditas. 1999;131(2):155-64
references.pmid: 10680297
references.citation: Free Radic Biol Med. 1995 Sep;19(3):271-80
references.pmid: 7557541
references.citation: Oecologia. 1975 Mar;19(1):29-38
references.pmid: 28308828
references.citation: J Free Radic Biol Med. 1985;1(1):43-9
references.pmid: 3939136
references.citation: Methods Enzymol. 1984;105:121-6
references.pmid: 6727660
references.citation: Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2008 Sep;151(1):28-31
references.pmid: 18579425
references.citation: Physiol Rev. 1999 Apr;79(2):425-49
references.pmid: 10221986
references.citation: J Anim Ecol. 2006 May;75(3):802-13
references.pmid: 16689962
references.citation: Annu Rev Physiol. 1999;61:243-82
references.pmid: 10099689
references.citation: J Insect Physiol. 2006 Sep;52(9):951-9
references.pmid: 16928381
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 1988 Nov 25;263(33):17205-8
references.pmid: 3053703