title: Prevalence and risk factors of vitamin D deficiency in inherited ichthyosis: a French prospective observational study performed in a reference center.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To date, few studies have investigated serum vitamin D status in patients with inherited ichthyosis. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (defined as serum level <10 ng/mL) in a French cohort of patients and to identify associated risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective observational study performed in a hospital reference center with expertise for rare skin diseases. Patients' clinical characteristics were recorded. Serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone were determined. For patients with vitamin D deficiency, serum calcium, serum phosphorus and bone mineral density were also investigated. Comparisons between groups (25-hydroxyvitamin D <10 ng/mL versus ≥10 ng/mL) were conducted by univariate and multivariate logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 53 included patients, 47 (88.7%) had serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D below the optimal level of 30 ng/mL: 18 (34%) had vitamin D sufficiency, 14 (26.4%) had vitamin D insufficiency, and 15 (28.3%) had vitamin D deficiency. A negative linear correlation was found between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone levels for the whole study population. Serum calcium and phosphorus levels were normal for the 15 patients with vitamin D deficiency. Bone mineral density was investigated for 11 of these latter 15 patients, and six of them had osteopenia. Winter/spring seasons of vitamin D measurement, severity of ichthyosis, and phototypes IV-VI were identified as independent risk factors for vitamin D deficiency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinicians should be aware of the risk of vitamin D deficiency in the management of patients with inherited ichthyosis, especially in winter and spring, and in case of dark skin or severe disease.
authors.forename: Flora
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Frascari
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dreyfus
authors.forename: Lauriane
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gennero
authors.forename: Khaled
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ezzedine
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Salles
authors.forename: Juliette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mazereeuw-Hautier
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D007057:Ichthyosis / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D055815:Young Adult
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