title: Cloning and characterization of a novel Drosophila stress induced DNase.
abstract: Drosophila melanogaster flies mount an impressive immune response to a variety of pathogens with an efficient system comprised of both humoral and cellular responses. The fat body is the main producer of the anti-microbial peptides (AMPs) with anti-pathogen activity. During bacterial infection, an array of secreted peptidases, proteases and other enzymes are involved in the dissolution of debris generated by pathogen clearance. Although pathogen destruction should result in the release a large amount of nucleic acids, the mechanisms for its removal are still not known. In this report, we present the characterization of a nuclease gene that is induced not only by bacterial infection but also by oxidative stress. Expression of the identified protein has revealed that it encodes a potent nuclease that has been named Stress Induced DNase (SID). SID belongs to a family of evolutionarily conserved cation-dependent nucleases that degrade both single and double-stranded nucleic acids. Down-regulation of sid expression via RNA interference leads to significant reduction of fly viability after bacterial infection and oxidative stress. Our results indicate that SID protects flies from the toxic effects of excess DNA/RNA released by pathogen destruction and from oxidative damage.
authors.affiliation: Border Biomedical Research Center and Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Chang-Soo
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Seong
authors.affiliation: Border Biomedical Research Center and Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Armando
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Varela-Ramirez
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Xiaolei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Border Biomedical Research Center and Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Brenda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Anchondo
authors.affiliation: Border Biomedical Research Center and Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Magallanes
authors.affiliation: Border Biomedical Research Center and Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Renato J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Aguilera
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002412:Cations / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003851:Deoxyribonucleases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D042541:Intracellular Space; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D021381:Protein Transport; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D013312:Stress, Physiological
chemical_list: D002412:Cations; D003851:Deoxyribonucleases
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