title: An antifungal role of hydrogen sulfide on the postharvest pathogens Aspergillus niger and Penicillium italicum.
abstract: In this research, the antifungal role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on the postharvest pathogens Aspergillus niger and Penicillium italicum growing on fruits and under culture conditions on defined media was investigated. Our results show that H2S, released by sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) effectively reduced the postharvest decay of fruits induced by A. niger and P. italicum. Furthermore, H2S inhibited spore germination, germ tube elongation, mycelial growth, and produced abnormal mycelial contractions when the fungi were grown on defined media in Petri plates. Further studies showed that H2S could cause an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in A. niger. In accordance with this observation we show that enzyme activities and the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) genes in A. niger treated with H2S were lower than those in control. Moreover, H2S also significantly inhibited the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Rhizopus oryzae, the human pathogen Candida albicans, and several food-borne bacteria. We also found that short time exposure of H2S showed a microbicidal role rather than just inhibiting the growth of microbes. Taken together, this study suggests the potential value of H2S in reducing postharvest loss and food spoilage caused by microbe propagation.
authors.affiliation: School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
authors.forename: Liu-Hui
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
authors.forename: Kang-Di
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
authors.forename: Lan-Ying
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Hong
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China.
authors.forename: Liang-Bin
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology of College of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
authors.forename: Yong-Sheng
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001234:Aspergillus niger / Q000254:growth & development*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000254:growth & development; D005516:Food Microbiology; D006801:Humans; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010407:Penicillium / Q000254:growth & development*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide
references.citation: Lett Appl Microbiol. 2008 Jun;46(6):688-92
references.pmid: 18444976
references.citation: J Exp Bot. 2004 Oct;55(406):2305-12
references.pmid: 15310816
references.citation: Biotechnol Adv. 2010 Jul-Aug;28(4):489-99
references.pmid: 20307642
references.citation: J Agric Food Chem. 2012 Aug 8;60(31):7588-96
references.pmid: 22812725
references.citation: Science. 2011 Nov 18;334(6058):986-90
references.pmid: 22096201
references.citation: Plant Physiol Biochem. 2013 Jan;62:41-6
references.pmid: 23178483
references.citation: PLoS One. 2014 Jan 15;9(1):e85524
references.pmid: 24454881
references.citation: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2011 Oct 28;414(3):481-6
references.pmid: 21986537
references.citation: Curr Microbiol. 2011 Jan;62(1):229-34
references.pmid: 20593183
references.citation: Physiol Rev. 2012 Apr;92(2):791-896
references.pmid: 22535897
references.citation: Plant Cell Environ. 2013 Sep;36(9):1607-16
references.pmid: 23347018
references.citation: Plant Physiol. 1977 Feb;59(2):309-14
references.pmid: 16659839
references.citation: Int J Food Microbiol. 2007 Nov 1;119(3):223-9
references.pmid: 17765990
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2013 Jan;79(2):588-600
references.pmid: 23144137
references.citation: Physiol Biochem Zool. 2010 Mar-Apr;83(2):356-65
references.pmid: 19327040
references.citation: Anal Biochem. 1976 May 7;72:248-54
references.pmid: 942051
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 1952 Mar;195(1):133-40
references.pmid: 14938361
references.citation: Mol Cancer Res. 2007 May;5(5):455-9
references.pmid: 17475672
references.citation: Curr Microbiol. 2007 Jul;55(1):25-9
references.pmid: 17554471
references.citation: J Integr Plant Biol. 2008 Dec;50(12):1518-29
references.pmid: 19093970
references.citation: J Agric Food Chem. 2012 Sep 5;60(35):8684-93
references.pmid: 22871304
references.citation: J Agric Food Chem. 2014 Feb 5;62(5):1119-29
references.pmid: 24422501
references.citation: J Biotechnol. 1999 Oct 8;75(2-3):291-5
references.pmid: 10617337
references.citation: Toxicology. 2004 Oct 15;203(1-3):69-76
references.pmid: 15363583
references.citation: Commun Dis Intell Q Rep. 2010 Sep;34(3):329-33
references.pmid: 21090188
references.citation: Int J Food Microbiol. 2014 Mar 03;173:89-98
references.pmid: 24412963
references.citation: Phytopathology. 2009 Mar;99(3):258-64
references.pmid: 19203278