title: Morphology and enzyme production of Trichoderma reesei Rut C-30 are affected by the physical and structural characteristics of cellulosic substrates.
abstract: The industrial production of cellulolytic enzymes is dominated by the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei (anamorph of Hypocrea jecorina). In order to develop optimal enzymatic cocktail, it is of importance to understand the natural regulation of the enzyme profile as response to the growth substrate. The influence of the complexity of cellulose on enzyme production by the microorganisms is not understood. In the present study we attempted to understand how different physical and structural properties of cellulose-rich substrates affected the levels and profiles of extracellular enzymes produced by T. reesei. Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin. In order to evaluate the hydrolysis of the substrates by the fungal enzymes, the spatial polymer distributions were characterised by cross-polarisation magic angle spinning carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS (13)C-NMR) in combination with spectral fitting. Proteins in culture supernatants at early and late stages of enzyme production were labeled by Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) and protein profiles were analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD001304. In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins. Surprisingly, substantial differences in the enzyme profiles were found even though there were minor differences in the chemical composition between the cellulose-rich substrates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Industrial Biotechnology Group, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ausra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peciulyte
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Industrial Biotechnology Group, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Chalmers, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: George E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Anasontzis
authors.affiliation: Innventia AB, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Katarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Karlström
authors.affiliation: Innventia AB, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden; Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Per Tomas
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Larsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Industrial Biotechnology Group, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Chalmers, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden. Electronic address: lisbeth.olsson@chalmers.se.
authors.forename: Lisbeth
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Olsson
mesh_terms: D044602:Cellulases / Q000378:metabolism*; D002482:Cellulose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D006868:Hydrolysis; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008853:Microscopy; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014242:Trichoderma / Q000166:cytology* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D020543:Proteome; D002482:Cellulose; D044602:Cellulases
keywords: Biomass degrading enzymes; Cellulose I structure; Quantitative proteomics; Submerged cultivation; TMT; Trichoderma reesei Rut C-30