title: "Auto-anti-IgE": naturally occurring IgG anti-IgE antibodies may inhibit allergen-induced basophil activation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Naturally occurring IgE-specific IgG autoantibodies have been identified in patients with asthma and other diseases, but their spectrum of functions is poorly understood.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Address the hypothesis that: (i) IgG anti-IgE autoantibodies are detectable in the serum of all subjects but elevated in asthmatic patients regardless of atopic status as compared with controls; (ii) some activate IgE-sensitized basophils; and (iii) some inhibit allergen-induced basophil activation.
  
  
  METHODS
  IgE-specific IgG autoantibodies were detected and quantified in sera using ELISA. Sera were examined for their ability to activate IgE-sensitized human blood basophils in the presence and absence of allergen using a basophil activation test, and to inhibit allergen binding to specific IgE on a rat basophilic cell line stably expressing human FcεRI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IgG autoantibodies binding to both free and FcεRI-bound IgE were detected in patients with atopic and non-atopic asthma, as well as controls. While some were able to activate IgE-sensitised basophils, others inhibited allergen-induced basophil activation, at least partly by inhibiting binding of IgE to specific allergen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Naturally occurring IgG anti-IgE autoantibodies may inhibit, as well as induce, basophil activation. They act in a manner distinct from therapeutic IgG anti-IgE antibodies such as omalizumab. They may at least partly explain why atopic subjects who make allergen-specific IgE never develop clinical symptoms, and why omalizumab therapy is of variable clinical benefit in severe atopic asthma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Science and Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London; the Medical Research Council and Asthma UK Centre, Allergic Mechanisms in Asthma, London; the Department of Paediatric Allergy, Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Yih-Chih
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: Department of Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Science and Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London; the Medical Research Council and Asthma UK Centre, Allergic Mechanisms in Asthma, London; the Department of Paediatric Allergy, Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Faruk
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ramadani
authors.affiliation: Department of Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Science and Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London; the Medical Research Council and Asthma UK Centre, Allergic Mechanisms in Asthma, London; the Department of Paediatric Allergy, Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Immunoallergology Department, Coimbra University Hospital, Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Alexandra F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Department of Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Science and Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London; the Medical Research Council and Asthma UK Centre, Allergic Mechanisms in Asthma, London; the Department of Paediatric Allergy, Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Prathap
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pillai
authors.affiliation: Department of Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Science and Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London; the Medical Research Council and Asthma UK Centre, Allergic Mechanisms in Asthma, London; the Department of Paediatric Allergy, Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Line
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ohm-Laursen
authors.affiliation: Department of Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Science and Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London; the Medical Research Council and Asthma UK Centre, Allergic Mechanisms in Asthma, London; the Department of Paediatric Allergy, Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Clare E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Harper
authors.affiliation: Department of Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Science and Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London; the Medical Research Council and Asthma UK Centre, Allergic Mechanisms in Asthma, London; the Department of Paediatric Allergy, Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Cailong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Department of Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Science and Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London; the Medical Research Council and Asthma UK Centre, Allergic Mechanisms in Asthma, London; the Department of Paediatric Allergy, Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Tihomir S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Dodev
authors.affiliation: Department of Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Science and Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London; the Medical Research Council and Asthma UK Centre, Allergic Mechanisms in Asthma, London; the Department of Paediatric Allergy, Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Shih-Ying
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Science and Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London; the Medical Research Council and Asthma UK Centre, Allergic Mechanisms in Asthma, London; the Department of Paediatric Allergy, Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Sun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ying
authors.affiliation: Department of Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Science and Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London; the Medical Research Council and Asthma UK Centre, Allergic Mechanisms in Asthma, London; the Department of Paediatric Allergy, Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Corrigan
authors.affiliation: Department of Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Science and Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London; the Medical Research Council and Asthma UK Centre, Allergic Mechanisms in Asthma, London; the Department of Paediatric Allergy, Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: Hannah.Gould@kcl.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Hannah J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Gould
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D052179:Antigens, Plant / Q000276:immunology; D001249:Asthma / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D001491:Basophils / Q000276:immunology*; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D002460:Cell Line; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000276:immunology; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D031784:Phleum / Q000276:immunology; D051381:Rats; D017455:Receptors, IgE / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic; D052179:Antigens, Plant; D001323:Autoantibodies; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; C468525:Phl p 7 allergen; D017455:Receptors, IgE; C026408:anti-IgE antibodies; D007073:Immunoglobulin E
keywords: Asthma; IgE; autoantibodies; basophil activation; basophil inhibition
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