title: A unified cell biological perspective on axon-myelin injury.
abstract: Demyelination and axon loss are pathological hallmarks of the neuroinflammatory disorder multiple sclerosis (MS). Although we have an increasingly detailed understanding of how immune cells can damage axons and myelin individually, we lack a unified view of how the axon-myelin unit as a whole is affected by immune-mediated attack. In this review, we propose that as a result of the tight cell biological interconnection of axons and myelin, damage to either can spread, which might convert a local inflammatory disease process early in MS into the global progressive disorder seen during later stages. This mode of spreading could also apply to other neurological disorders.
authors.affiliation: Cellular Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, 37075 Göttingen, Germany Department of Neurology, University of Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany msimons@gwdg.de thomas.misgeld@lrz.tum.de martin.kerschensteiner@med.uni-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Mikael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Simons
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 80336 Munich, Germany Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 80336 Munich, Germany msimons@gwdg.de thomas.misgeld@lrz.tum.de martin.kerschensteiner@med.uni-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Misgeld
authors.affiliation: Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 80336 Munich, Germany Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany msimons@gwdg.de thomas.misgeld@lrz.tum.de martin.kerschensteiner@med.uni-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kerschensteiner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000473:pathology*; D003711:Demyelinating Diseases; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000473:pathology*; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000473:pathology*; D009410:Nerve Degeneration; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000473:pathology
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