title: Successful aging and subjective well-being among oldest-old adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This research integrates successful aging and developmental adaptation models to empirically define the direct and indirect effects of 2 distal (i.e., education and past life experiences) and 5 proximal influences (i.e., physical functioning, cognitive functioning, physical health impairment, social resources, and perceived economic status) on subjective well-being. The proximal influences involved predictors outlined in most extant models of successful aging (e.g., Rowe & Kahn, 1998 [Rowe, J. W., & Kahn, R. L. (1998). Successful aging. New York: Pantheon Books.]). Our model extends such models by including distal impact as well as interactions between distal and proximal impacts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were obtained from 234 centenarians and 72 octogenarians in the Georgia Centenarian Study. Structural equation modeling was conducted with Mplus 6.1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results showed significant direct effects of physical health impairment and social resources on positive aspects of subjective well-being among oldest-old adults. We also found significant indirect effects of cognitive functioning and education on positive affect among oldest-old adults. Social resources mediated the relationship between cognitive functioning and positive affect; and cognitive functioning and social resources mediated the relationship between education and positive affect. In addition, physical health impairment mediated the relationship between cognitive functioning and positive affect; and cognitive functioning and physical health impairment mediated the relationship between education and positive affect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Integrating 2 different models (i.e., successful aging and developmental adaptation) provided a comprehensive view of adaptation from a developmental perspective.
authors.affiliation: Center for Applied Health Research, Baylor Scott & White Health| School of Public Health, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station. jcho@sw.org.
authors.forename: Jinmyoung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Iowa State University, Ames.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Gerontology, University of Georgia, Athens.
authors.forename: Leonard W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Poon
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000523:psychology*; D003071:Cognition; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D005845:Georgia; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D008875:Middle Aged; D009518:New York; D012944:Social Support
keywords: Developmental adaptation model; Georgia Centenarian Study; Oldest-old adults; Subjective well-being; Successful aging
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