title: Completed suicide with violent and non-violent methods in rural Shandong, China: a psychological autopsy study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aims to describe the specific characteristics of completed suicides by violent methods and non-violent methods in rural Chinese population, and to explore the related factors for corresponding methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data of this study came from investigation of 199 completed suicide cases and their paired controls of rural areas in three different counties in Shandong, China, by interviewing one informant of each subject using the method of Psychological Autopsy (PA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 78 (39.2%) suicides with violent methods and 121 (60.8%) suicides with non-violent methods. Ingesting pesticides, as a non-violent method, appeared to be the most common suicide method (103, 51.8%). Hanging (73 cases, 36.7%) and drowning (5 cases, 2.5%) were the only violent methods observed. Storage of pesticides at home and higher suicide intent score were significantly associated with choice of violent methods while committing suicide. Risk factors related to suicide death included negative life events and hopelessness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Suicide with violent methods has different factors from suicide with non-violent methods. Suicide methods should be considered in suicide prevention and intervention strategies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Shandong University School of Public Health, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Shi-Hua
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Shandong University School of Public Health, Jinan, China; Shandong University Center for Suicide Prevention Research, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Cun-Xian
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Jia
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012424:Rural Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013405:Suicide / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014754:Violence / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
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