title: Developmental pathways activated in melanocytes and melanoma.
abstract: Cutaneous malignant melanomas originate primarily within epidermal melanocytic cells. Melanoma cells share many characteristics with melanocyte precursors, suggesting that melanoma cells utilize the developmental programs of their normal counterpart for their own progression. The pigmentation system provides an advantageous model to assess survival pathway interactions in the melanocytic lineage, as genetic alterations controlling melanocyte development can be easily detectable by coat color phenotype that do not affect the viability of an animal. By integrating combinatorial gene knockout approaches, cell-based assays and immunohistochemical observations, recent studies have illustrated several genes and pathways that play important roles both in melanocyte specification and maintenance and in melanoma formation and progression. We are reviewing those genes and pathways to understand the connection between normal and cancerous development and to reveal therapeutic potential of targeting developmental pathways for melanoma therapy.
authors.affiliation: Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, USA.
authors.forename: Jianglan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, USA.
authors.forename: Mizuho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukunaga-Kalabis
authors.affiliation: Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, USA.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, USA. Electronic address: herlynm@Wistar.org.
authors.forename: Meenhard
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Herlyn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D018450:Disease Progression; D016232:Endothelins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008544:Melanocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008545:Melanoma / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051739:Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D051880:Receptors, Notch / Q000378:metabolism; D055747:SOX Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D060449:Wnt Signaling Pathway; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016232:Endothelins; D051739:Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor; D051880:Receptors, Notch; D055747:SOX Transcription Factors; D051176:beta Catenin
keywords: Beta-catenin; Endothelin; MITF; Melanocytes; Melanoma; Notch; Signaling pathways; Sox10; Sox9; Wnt
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