title: Detection of organic compounds with whole-cell bioluminescent bioassays.
abstract: Natural and manmade organic chemicals are widely deposited across a diverse range of ecosystems including air, surface water, groundwater, wastewater, soil, sediment, and marine environments. Some organic compounds, despite their industrial values, are toxic to living organisms and pose significant health risks to humans and wildlife. Detection and monitoring of these organic pollutants in environmental matrices therefore is of great interest and need for remediation and health risk assessment. Although these detections have traditionally been performed using analytical chemical approaches that offer highly sensitive and specific identification of target compounds, these methods require specialized equipment and trained operators, and fail to describe potential bioavailable effects on living organisms. Alternatively, the integration of bioluminescent systems into whole-cell bioreporters presents a new capacity for organic compound detection. These bioreporters are constructed by incorporating reporter genes into catabolic or signaling pathways that are present within living cells and emit a bioluminescent signal that can be detected upon exposure to target chemicals. Although relatively less specific compared to analytical methods, bioluminescent bioassays are more cost-effective, more rapid, can be scaled to higher throughput, and can be designed to report not only the presence but also the bioavailability of target substances. This chapter reviews available bacterial and eukaryotic whole-cell bioreporters for sensing organic pollutants and their applications in a variety of sample matrices.
authors.affiliation: Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Close
authors.forename: Abby
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Smartt
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ripp
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sayler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods*; D005057:Eukaryotic Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008163:Luminescent Measurements / Q000379:methods*; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D012306:Risk; D018675:Toxicity Tests
chemical_list: D009930:Organic Chemicals
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