title: Cell death and DAMPs in acute pancreatitis.
abstract: Cell death and inflammation are key pathologic responses of acute pancreatitis (AP), the leading cause of hospital admissions for gastrointestinal disorders. It is becoming increasingly clear that damage-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of AP by linking local tissue damage to systemic inflammation syndrome. Endogenous DAMPs released from dead, dying or injured cells initiate and extend sterile inflammation via specific pattern recognition receptors. Inhibition of the release and activity of DAMPs (for example, high mobility group box 1, DNA, histones and adenosine triphosphate) provides significant protection against experimental AP. Moreover, increased serum levels of DAMPs in patients with AP correlate with disease severity. These findings provide novel insight into the mechanism, diagnosis and management of AP. DAMPs might be an attractive therapeutic target in AP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Lotze
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
authors.forename: Herbert J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Zeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
authors.forename: Timothy R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Billiar
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
authors.forename: Daolin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D016923:Cell Death; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition / Q000378:metabolism*; D018746:Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D024243:HMGB1 Protein; C585491:HMGB1 protein, human; D006657:Histones; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D004247:DNA
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