title: Sensation seeking and cocaine dependence in adults with reported childhood ADHD.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare measures of sensation seeking in a clinical group of cocaine-dependent (CD) patients with and without a history of probable childhood ADHD and in non-cocaine-dependent (NCD) healthy volunteers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients (n = 75; 42 with and 33 without probable childhood ADHD) and comparisons (n = 84) were assessed with the Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies, the Wender Utah Rating Scale for childhood ADHD, and the Zuckerman Seeking Sensation Scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found significantly higher prevalence rates of probable childhood ADHD in CD versus NCD (p < .001). The mean total scores of sensation seeking were significantly higher in CD versus NCD participants (p < .001) as well as in CD patients with versus those without a probable history of childhood ADHD (p < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study sets the basis for longitudinal investigation assessing whether the persistence of high level of sensation seeking in adults with childhood ADHD contributes to the transition to cocaine dependence.
authors.affiliation: CHRU de Tours, Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire, Tours, France CHRU de Tours, Équipe de Liaison et de Soins en Addictologie, Tours, France Université François Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France UMR INSERM U930 ERL, Tours, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ballon
authors.affiliation: CHRU de Tours, Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire, Tours, France CHRU de Tours, Équipe de Liaison et de Soins en Addictologie, Tours, France Université François Rabelais de Tours, Département de Psychologie, EA 2114, Psychologie des Ages de la Vie, Tours, France.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brunault
authors.affiliation: Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK samuele.cortese@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Samuele
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cortese
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005106:Exploratory Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: ADHD; cocaine; sensation seeking; substance use disorders