title: Tempol protects blood proteins and lipids against peroxynitrite-mediated oxidative damage.
abstract: Oxidative stress is characterized by excessive production of various free radicals and reactive species among which, peroxynitrite is most frequently produced in several pathological conditions. Peroxynitrite is the product of the superoxide anion reaction with nitric oxide, which is reported to take place in the intravascular compartment. Several studies have reported that peroxynitrite targets red blood cells, platelets and plasma proteins, and induces various forms of oxidative damage. This in vitro study was designed to further characterize the types of oxidative damage induced in platelets and plasma proteins by peroxynitrite. This study also determined the ability of tempol to protect blood plasma and platelets against peroxynitrite-induced oxidative damage. The ability of various concentrations of tempol (25, 50, 75, and 100 µM) to antagonize peroxynitrite-induced oxidation was evaluated by measuring the levels of protein carbonyl groups and thiobarbituric-acid-reactive substances in experimental groups. Exposure of platelets and plasma to 100 µM peroxynitrite resulted in an increased levels of carbonyl groups and lipid peroxidation (P < 0.05). Tempol significantly inhibited carbonyl group formation in plasma and platelet proteins (P < 0.05). In addition, tempol significantly reduced the levels of lipid peroxidation in both plasma and platelet samples (P < 0.05). Thus, tempol has antioxidative properties against peroxynitrite-induced oxidative damage in blood plasma and platelets.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
authors.forename: Ayman G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Mustafa
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratories, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
authors.forename: Mohammad A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bani-Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratories, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
authors.forename: Ahmad Q
authors.initials: AQ
authors.lastname: Jaradat
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan m_allouh@just.edu.jo.
authors.forename: Mohammed Z
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Allouh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity*; D013113:Spin Labels; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001798:Blood Proteins; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides; D013113:Spin Labels; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid; C001803:tempol
keywords: Carbonyl groups; peroxynitrite; plasma; platelets; tempol; thiobarbituric acid
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