title: Emergence of fecal microbiota transplantation as an approach to repair disrupted microbial gut ecology.
abstract: In the recent years fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has emerged as an effective therapeutic option for patients with refractory Clostridium difficile infection that is not responding to antibiotic therapy. It results in implantation of donor microbiota into recipients and restoration of normal distal gut microbial community structure. We anticipate that this form of therapy represents merely the first entry into a new class of therapeutics. There is great interest in application of FMT or defined microbial consortia to treatment of many diseases associated with dysbiosis. However, many challenges remain in development as our understanding of microbial ecology within the human body and microbiota-host interactions remain limited. Future advances in this field will be critically depending on detailed mechanistic understanding.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, United States; BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, United States. Electronic address: khoru001@umn.edu.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khoruts
authors.affiliation: BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, United States.
authors.forename: Alexa R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Weingarden
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016360:Clostridioides difficile / Q000502:physiology*; D004351:Drug Resistance; D064806:Dysbiosis / Q000628:therapy*; D004761:Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous / Q000628:therapy*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology*; D064307:Microbiota / Q000502:physiology*; D014180:Transplantation
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Clostridium difficile infection; Fecal microbiota transplantation
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