title: Trends in outpatient visits for insomnia, sleep apnea, and prescriptions for sleep medications among US adults: findings from the National Ambulatory Medical Care survey 1999-2010.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine recent national trends in outpatient visits for sleep related difficulties in the United States and prescriptions for sleep medications.
  
  
  METHODS
  Trend analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey from 1999 to 2010.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients age 20 y or older.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of office visits with insomnia as the stated reason for visit increased from 4.9 million visits in 1999 to 5.5 million visits in 2010 (13% increase), whereas the number with any sleep disturbance ranged from 6,394,000 visits in 1999 to 8,237,000 visits in 2010 (29% increase). The number of office visits for which a diagnosis of sleep apnea was recorded increased from 1.1 million visits in 1999 to 5.8 million visits in 2010 (442% increase), whereas the number of office visits for which any sleep related diagnosis was recorded ranged from 3.3 million visits in 1999 to 12.1 million visits in 2010 (266% increase). The number of prescriptions for any sleep medication ranged from 5.3 in 1999 to 20.8 million in 2010 (293% increase). Strong increases in the percentage of office visits resulting in a prescription for nonbenzodiazepine sleep medications (∼350%), benzodiazepine receptor agonists (∼430%), and any sleep medication (∼200%) were noted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Striking increases in the number and percentage of office visits for sleep related problems and in the number and percentage of office visits accompanied by a prescription for a sleep medication occurred from 1999-2010.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Ford ES, Wheaton AG, Cunningham TJ, Giles WH, Chapman DP, Croft JB. Trends in outpatient visits for insomnia, sleep apnea, and prescriptions for sleep medications among US adults: findings from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey 1999-2010.
authors.affiliation: Division of Population Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
authors.forename: Earl S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Ford
authors.affiliation: Division of Population Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
authors.forename: Anne G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Wheaton
authors.affiliation: Division of Population Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Cunningham
authors.affiliation: Division of Population Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
authors.forename: Wayne H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Giles
authors.affiliation: Division of Population Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
authors.forename: Daniel P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Chapman
authors.affiliation: Division of Population Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
authors.forename: Janet B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Croft
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends*; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009819:Office Visits / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends; D010045:Outpatients / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055656:Prescriptions / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey; hypnotics; insomnia; outpatient care; trends
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