title: The trajectory and the related physical and social determinants of body mass index in elementary school children: results from the child and adolescent behaviors in long-term evolution study.
abstract: This study explored developmental trajectory patterns of BMI and associated factors. Participants included 1,609 students who were followed from age 7 to 12 years. Data collection involved annual self-administered questionnaires and records of height and weight. An ecological model was used to identify the factors associated with BMI trajectories. Group-based trajectory models and multinomial logit models were used in the statistical analysis. There were gender differences in BMI trajectories. Among boys, four BMI trajectories were normal or slightly underweight, persistently normal weight, overweight becoming obese, and persistently obese. Among girls, four BMI trajectories were persistently slightly underweight, persistently normal weight, persistently overweight, and persistently obese. The mean BMI in each trajectory group demonstrated an upward trend over time. In boys, BMI trajectories were significantly associated with after-school exercise, academic performance, family interactions, overweight parents, and father's education level. In girls, BMI trajectories were significantly associated with television viewing or computer use, family interactions, peer interactions, and overweight parents. Children under age 7 years who are already overweight or obese are an important target for interventions. The different factors associated with BMI trajectories can be used for targeting high risk groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Taipei City Government, Taipei City 11008, Taiwan ; Graduate Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10055, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Li-Ju
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9016-732X
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsing-Yi
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan ; Department of Family and Community Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Dih-Ling
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Luh
authors.affiliation: Surveillance and Research Division, Health Promotion Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung 40341, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Baai-Shyun
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Hurng
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10055, Taiwan ; Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Lee-Lan
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Yen
mesh_terms: D001823:Body Composition; D001827:Body Height; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D004522:Educational Status; D015444:Exercise / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012574:Schools; D012737:Sex Factors; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology; D013851:Thinness / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology
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