title: Isolation and characterization of glycophorin from carp red blood cell membranes.
abstract: We isolated a high-purity carp glycophorin from carp erythrocyte membranes following extraction using the lithium diiodosalicylate (LIS)-phenol method and streptomycin treatment. The main carp glycophorin was observed to locate at the position of the carp and human band-3 proteins on an SDS-polyacrylamide gel. Only the N-glycolylneuraminic acid (NeuGc) form of sialic acid was detected in the carp glycophorin. The oligosaccharide fraction was separated into two components (P-1 and P-2) using a Glyco-Pak DEAE column. We observed bacteriostatic activity against five strains of bacteria, including two known fish pathogens. Fractions from the carp erythrocyte membrane, the glycophorin oligosaccharide and the P-1 also exhibited bacteriostatic activity; whereas the glycolipid fraction and the glycophorin fraction without sialic acid did not show the activity. The carp glycophorin molecules attach to the flagellum of V. anguillarum or the cell surface of M. luteus and inhibited bacterial growth.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Quality in Marine Products, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurima Machiya-cho, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan. aoki@bio.mie-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Quality in Marine Products, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurima Machiya-cho, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan. c.blacky@softbank.ne.jp.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chimura
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Quality in Marine Products, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurima Machiya-cho, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan. t.nakano412@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.affiliation: Toray Research Center, Inc., 1111 Tebiro, Kamakura, Kanagawa 248-8555, Japan. Yasuko_Mizuno@trc.toray.co.jp.
authors.forename: Yasuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mizuno
references.citation: J Cell Biol. 1997 Jun 2;137(5):1041-56
references.pmid: 9166405
references.citation: Eur J Biochem. 1989 Apr 15;181(1):181-7
references.pmid: 2714277
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974 Oct;71(10):3913-6
references.pmid: 4530270
references.citation: J Biochem. 1973 May;73(5):1127-30
references.pmid: 4721775
references.citation: Br J Haematol. 1986 Oct;64(2):211-5
references.pmid: 3535867
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 1993 Nov 5;268(31):23675-84
references.pmid: 8226894
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 1976 Nov 10;251(21):6667-73
references.pmid: 988027
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265-75
references.pmid: 14907713
references.citation: Biochim Biophys Acta. 1989 Dec 21;999(3):273-80
references.pmid: 2605264
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 1971 Jan 25;246(2):430-5
references.pmid: 5542012
references.citation: Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680-5
references.pmid: 5432063
references.citation: Methods Enzymol. 1974;31:168-72
references.pmid: 4278921
references.citation: Biochem J. 1978 Sep 1;173(3):899-907
references.pmid: 708379
references.citation: Biochem J. 1965 Jun;95:612-20
references.pmid: 14342494
references.citation: Science. 1971 Dec 17;174(4015):1247-8
references.pmid: 5133448
references.citation: Blood. 1992 Oct 15;80(8):1869-79
references.pmid: 1391951
references.citation: Semin Hematol. 1993 Jan;30(1):34-57
references.pmid: 8434259
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 1968 Feb 10;243(3):616-26
references.pmid: 5637714
references.citation: Biochim Biophys Acta. 1982 Aug 6;717(2):278-88
references.pmid: 7115769
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 1953 Oct;204(2):553-63
references.pmid: 13117829
references.citation: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1974 Jul 10;59(1):352-60
references.pmid: 4841336
references.citation: Biochemistry. 1971 Jun 22;10(13):2606-17
references.pmid: 4326772
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 1975 Jan 25;250(2):617-22
references.pmid: 1112781
references.citation: Arch Biochem Biophys. 2000 Mar 1;375(1):111-8
references.pmid: 10683255
references.citation: Glycoconj J. 1998 Aug;15(8):737-47
references.pmid: 9870349
references.citation: J Biochem. 1982 Mar;91(3):865-72
references.pmid: 7076649
references.citation: Biochemistry. 1996 Jul 23;35(29):9513-8
references.pmid: 8755731
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 1984 Jul 10;259(13):8260-73
references.pmid: 6736034
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 1954 Dec;211(2):907-13
references.pmid: 13221596
references.citation: Methods Enzymol. 1978;50:64-89
references.pmid: 207950
references.citation: Comp Biochem Physiol B. 1987;87(1):171-7
references.pmid: 3608431
references.citation: J Biochem. 1980 Mar;87(3):687-93
references.pmid: 7390957
references.citation: Nature. 1978 Feb 9;271(5645):519-24
references.pmid: 622188