title: Symbiosis in the green leafhopper, Cicadella viridis (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae). Association in statu nascendi?
abstract: The green leafhopper, Cicadella viridis lives in symbiotic association with microorganisms. The ultrastructural and molecular analyses have shown that in the body of the C. viridis two types of bacteriocyte endosymbionts are present. An amplification and sequencing of 16S rRNA genes revealed that large, pleomorphic bacteria display a high similarity (94-100%) to the endosymbiont 'Candidatus Sulcia muelleri' (phylum Bacteroidetes), whereas long, rod-shaped microorganisms are closely related to the γ-proteobacterial symbiont Sodalis (97-99% similarity). Both endosymbionts may be harbored in their own bacteriocytes as well as may co-reside in the same bacteriocytes. The ultrastructural observations have revealed that the Sodalis-like bacteria harboring the same bacteriocytes as bacterium Sulcia may invade the cells of the latter. Bacteria Sulcia and Sodalis-like endosymbionts are transovarially transmitted from one generation to the next. However, Sodalis-like endosymbionts do not invade the ovaries individually, but only inside Sulcia cells. Apart from bacteriocyte endosymbionts, in the body of C. viridis small, rod-shaped bacteria have been detected, and have been identified as being closely related to γ-proteobacterial microorganism Pectobacterium (98-99% similarity). The latter are present in the sheath cells of the bacteriomes containing bacterium Sulcia as well as in fat body cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Biology and Morphology of Invertebrates, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Michalik
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Biology and Morphology of Invertebrates, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Władysława
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jankowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Biology and Morphology of Invertebrates, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kot
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Aniela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gołas
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Biology and Morphology of Invertebrates, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Kraków, Poland. Electronic address: teresa.szklarzewicz@uj.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Szklarzewicz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; D005260:Female; D006430:Hemiptera / Q000145:classification / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000502:physiology*; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D010053:Ovary / Q000382:microbiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D013559:Symbiosis
chemical_list: D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
keywords: Endosymbiotic microorganisms; Sodalis-like bacteria; Sulcia; Transovarial transmission of endosymbionts