title: Inhaled bronchodilator use for infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify factors associated with bronchodilator administration to infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and evaluate inter-institutional prescribing patterns.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective cohort study of <29-week-gestation infants with evolving BPD defined at age 28 days within the Pediatric Health Information System database. Controlling for observed confounding with random-effects logistic regression, we determined demographic and clinical variables associated with bronchodilator use and evaluated between-hospital variation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the study period, 33% (N=469) of 1429 infants with BPD received bronchodilators. Lengthening mechanical ventilation duration increased the odds of receiving a bronchodilator (odds ratio 19.6 (11 to 34.8) at ⩾ 54 days). There was profound between-hospital variation in use, ranging from 0 to 81%.C ONCLUSION: Bronchodilators are frequently administered to infants with BPD at US children's hospitals with increasing use during the first hospital month. Increasing positive pressure exposure best predicts bronchodilator use. Frequency and treatment duration vary markedly by institution even after adjustment for confounding variables.
authors.affiliation: 1] The Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA [2] The Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Slaughter
authors.affiliation: The Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Stenger
authors.affiliation: 1] The Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA [2] The Department of Economics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA [3] Center for Human Resource Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Reagan
authors.affiliation: 1] The Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA [2] The Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA [3] The Neonatal and Infant Feeding Disorders Research Program, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Jadcherla
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000420:Albuterol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000628:therapy; D015331:Cohort Studies; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016015:Logistic Models; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D000420:Albuterol
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