title: Radium isotopes ((226)Ra and (228)Ra) in Na-Cl type groundwaters from Tohoku District (Aomori, Akita and Yamagata Prefectures) in Japan.
abstract: A total of 28 Na-Cl type groundwater samples were collected from Aomori, Akita and Yamagata Prefectures, in the Tohoku District of Japan, and their radium isotope ((226)Ra and (228)Ra) concentrations were measured along with their chemical components and stable isotope ratios (δ(2)H and δ(18)Os). The (226)Ra concentrations in groundwater samples varied widely, ranging from 8.8 to 1587 mBq kg(-1). These concentrations showed an increasing tendency with the increase of the total dissolved solid (TDS) contents. The (228)Ra/(226)Ra activity ratios were in the range from 0.3 to 4.2, with most data being around 0.5-2. These ratios were within those of (232)Th/(238)U found in granitic and related rocks and so on in Japan, indicating that Ra isotopes mainly ejected into the groundwater by the alpha-recoil process. The relationship between (226)Ra and other parameters suggested that Ra isotopes in groundwater samples in this study were mainly constrained by adsorption-desorption reactions depending on salinity with wide variation. Clear correlation between (226)Ra-Ca, (226)Ra-Sr, (226)Ra-Ba and (226)Ra-TDS observed in sulfate-free groundwater samples indicated that Ra isotopes of them were constrained by adsorption-desorption reactions depending on salinity under reducing condition. In contrast, relationship of (226)Ra-Ca, (226)Ra-Sr, (226)Ra-Ba and (226)Ra-TDS in sulfate-containing groundwater samples varied widely, and then, removal or enhanced mobility of Ra isotopes of them were observed.
authors.affiliation: Low Level Radioactivity Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1224, Japan. Electronic address: tomita.jumpei@jaea.go.jp.
authors.forename: Jumpei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tomita
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Biology and Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Toyama, Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Low Level Radioactivity Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1224, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D060587:Groundwater / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D007564:Japan; D011834:Radiation Monitoring; D011883:Radium / Q000032:analysis; D054712:Salinity; D014875:Water Pollutants, Radioactive / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D014875:Water Pollutants, Radioactive; D011883:Radium
keywords: Adsorption–desorption reaction; Alpha-recoil; Na–Cl type groundwater; Radium isotopes