title: HOMA-IR and the risk of hyperuricemia: a prospective study in non-diabetic Japanese men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the relation of insulin resistant status determined by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) with the risk of incident hyperuricemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study participants included 2071 Japanese men without hyperuricemia and diabetes, aged 35-54 years. The participants had undergone annual heath examinations for 6 years to compare incident hyperuricemia (serum uric acid >416.4μmol/L (7.0mg/dL) and/or taking medication for hyperuricemia) in four groups based on quartiles of baseline HOMA-IR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During follow-up there were 331 incident cases of hyperuricemia. The hazard ratios for hyperuricemia, compared with HOMA-IR ≤0.66, were 1.42 (95% confidence interval 1.02-1.98) for HOMA-IR 0.67-0.98, 1.20 (0.86-1.68) for HOMA-IR 0.99-1.49 and 1.44 (1.04-1.98) for HOMA-IR ≥1.50 after adjustment for baseline serum uric acid, creatinine, hypercholesterolemia and hypertension status, age, alcohol intake, and smoking and exercise habits. The hazard ratio associated with an increase of one standard deviation in lnHOMA-IR (1.85 as one geometric standard deviation of HOMA-IR) was 1.14 (1.03-1.28) (p for trend=0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased HOMA-IR independently predicted the subsequent development of hyperuricemia. Insulin resistance itself or compensatory hyperinsulinemia may contribute to the development of hyperuricemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan. Electronic address: knaka@kanazawa-med.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Koshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, and Center for Epidemiologic Research in Asia, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan.
authors.forename: Shin-Ya
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Nagasawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan.
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishizaki
authors.affiliation: School of Health Sciences, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Teruhiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kido
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Science and Fundamental Nursing, Toyama University School of Nursing, Toyama, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuchi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Naruse
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan.
authors.forename: Motoko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nogawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suwazono
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects; D044466:Asian People; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000150:complications*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000209:etiology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin
keywords: Epidemiology; Homeostasis model assessment; Hyperuricemia; Insulin resistance; Longitudinal study