title: Characterization of polysaccharides with antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities from the wild edible mushroom Russula vinosa Lindblad.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of water-soluble polysaccharides (RVLWP) and alkali-soluble polysaccharides (RVLAP) from Russula vinosa on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver damage in mice. For the in vitro antioxidant activities, RVLWP and RVLAP exhibited potent 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 1.55 ± 0.04 and 3.37 ± 0.21 mg/mL, respectively), hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity (IC50 = 6.07 ± 0.24 and 9.23 ± 0.54 mg/mL, respectively), lipid peroxidation inhibitory effect (IC50 = 0.52 ± 0.095 and 0.86 ± 0.043 mg/mL, respectively), and moderate reducing power and Fe(2+) chelating activity (IC50 = 1.86 ± 0.0036 and 0.22 ± 0.0057 mg/mL, respectively). Ascorbic acid was employed as the standard antioxidant in the present study. For the in vivo hepatoprotective activity, administration of RVLWP and RVLAP (200 mg/kg) significantly prevented the elevation in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities in acute liver damage induced by CCl4 and suppressed hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) formation. Mice treated with RVLWP and RVLAP demonstrated a better profile of antioxidants with augmented activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the liver. The results suggest that RVLWP and RVLAP protect the liver from CCl4-induced hepatic damage via antioxidant mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology and ‡State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193, China.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Guoting
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Xueran
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.forename: Qingpeng
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Hexiang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Tzi Bun
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Ng
mesh_terms: D000363:Agaricales / Q000737:chemistry*; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride / Q000009:adverse effects; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000201:enzymology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides; D020011:Protective Agents; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase