title: Structural differences of prebiotic oligosaccharides influence their capability to enhance iron absorption in deficient rats.
abstract: This study evaluates the influence of novel galacto-oligosaccharides derived from lactulose (GOS-Lu), kojibiose or 4'-galactosyl-kojibiose in hematological parameters of Fe homeostasis using Fe-deficient animals. Liver TfR-2, IL-6, NFκB and PPAR-γ expression (mRNA) were also determined by RT-qPCR analyses, and active hepcidin peptide production and short chain fatty acids by LC coupled to MS/MS or UV detection. Feeding animals with GOS-Lu or kojibiose together with FeCl3 increased hemoglobin (Hb) production (by 17%) and mean Hb concentration into erythrocytes relative to animals administered with FeCl3 alone (14.1% and 19.7%, respectively). Animals administered with prebiotics showed decreased plasmatic hepcidin levels, contributing to a higher intestinal absorption of the micronutrient. These data indicate that concurrent administration of these potentially prebiotic oligosaccharides together with a supplement of Fe ameliorates inflammation-mediated perturbations in the liver, according to the particular structure of the prebiotic compound, and result an attractive strategy to improve Fe absorption.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center of the Johannes, Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany. jlaparra@uni-mainz.de.
authors.forename: José Moisés
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Laparra
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Díez-Municio
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Herrero
authors.forename: F Javier
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Moreno
mesh_terms: D018798:Anemia, Iron-Deficiency / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000818:Animals; D002712:Chlorides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D064451:Hepcidins / Q000097:blood; D006706:Homeostasis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000187:drug effects*; D019266:Iron, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D056692:Prebiotics / Q000032:analysis*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011990:Receptors, Transferrin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014312:Trisaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D006454:Hemoglobins; D064451:Hepcidins; D015850:Interleukin-6; D019266:Iron, Dietary; D018977:Micronutrients; D016328:NF-kappa B; D047495:PPAR gamma; D056692:Prebiotics; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011990:Receptors, Transferrin; C548977:Tfr2 protein, rat; D014312:Trisaccharides; C072242:4'-galactooligosaccharide; C024555:ferric chloride