title: How to measure propagation velocity in cardiac tissue: a simulation study.
abstract: To estimate conduction velocities from activation times in myocardial tissue, the "average vector" method computes all the local activation directions and velocities from local activation times and estimates the fastest and slowest propagation speed from these local values. The "single vector" method uses areas of apparent uniform elliptical spread of activation and chooses a single vector for the estimated longitudinal velocity and one for the transversal. A simulation study was performed to estimate the influence of grid size, anisotropy, and vector angle bin size. The results indicate that the "average vector" method can best be used if the grid- or bin-size is large, although systematic errors occur. The "single vector" method performs better, but requires human intervention for the definition of fiber direction. The average vector method can be automated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Cardiology, Heart Center, Academic Medical Center Amsterdam, Netherlands ; ICIN Utrecht, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Andre C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Linnenbank
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Cardiology, Heart Center, Academic Medical Center Amsterdam, Netherlands ; ICIN Utrecht, Netherlands ; Department of Medical Physiology and Cardiology, UMCU Utrecht, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jacques M T
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: de Bakker
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Cardiology, Heart Center, Academic Medical Center Amsterdam, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ruben
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Coronel
keywords: activation mapping; anisotropy; average vector method; conduction velocity; simulation; single vector method
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