title: Maternal 18:3n-3 favors piglet intestinal passage of LPS and promotes intestinal anti-inflammatory response to this bacterial ligand.
abstract: We recently observed that maternal 18:3n-3 increases piglet jejunal permeability. We hypothesized that this would favor intestinal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) passage and alter gut immune system education toward this bacterial ligand. Sows were fed 18:3n-3 or 18:2n-6 diets throughout gestation and lactation. In each litter, two piglets were given oral Gram-negative spectrum antibiotic from post-natal day (PND) 14 to 28. All piglets were weaned on a regular diet at PND28. 18:3n-3 piglets exhibited greater jejunal permeability to FITC-LPS at PND28. Levels of 18:3n-3 but neither 20:5n-3 nor 20:4n-6 were greater in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) of 18:3n-3 piglets. Jejunal explant or MLN cell cytokine responses to LPS were not influenced by the maternal diet. Antibiotic increased jejunal permeability to FITC-LPS and lowered the level of 20:5n-3 in MLN, irrespective of the maternal diet. At PND52, no long-lasting effect of the maternal diet or antibiotic treatment on jejunal permeability was noticed. 18:3n-3 and 20:4n-6 levels were greater and lower, respectively, in MLN of 18:3n-3 compared to 18:2n-6 piglets. IL-10 production by MLN cells in response to LPS was greater in the 18:3n-3 group, irrespective of the neonatal antibiotic treatment. IL-8 secretion by jejunal explants in response to LPS was lower in antibiotic-treated 18:3n-3 compared to 18:2n-6 piglets. Finally, proportion of MHC class II(+) antigen-presenting cells was greater in 18:3n-3 than 18:2n-6 MLN cells. In conclusion, maternal 18:3n-3 directs the intestinal immune response to LPS toward an anti-inflammatory profile beyond the breastfeeding period; microbiota involvement seems dependent of the immune cells considered.
authors.affiliation: Département de Médecine de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France; INRA UR1341 ADNC, Saint Gilles, France.
authors.forename: Cécile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Desaldeleer
authors.affiliation: INRA UR1341 ADNC, Saint Gilles, France.
authors.forename: Stéphanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ferret-Bernard
authors.affiliation: INRA UR1341 ADNC, Saint Gilles, France.
authors.forename: Francine
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: de Quelen
authors.affiliation: INRA UR1341 ADNC, Saint Gilles, France.
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Le Normand
authors.affiliation: INRA UMR1280 PhAN, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Cécile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Perrier
authors.affiliation: INRA UR1341 ADNC, Saint Gilles, France.
authors.forename: Gérard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Savary
authors.affiliation: INRA UR1341 ADNC, Saint Gilles, France.
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Romé
authors.affiliation: INRA UMR1280 PhAN, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Michel
authors.affiliation: INRA UMR1348 PEGASE, Saint Gilles, France.
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mourot
authors.affiliation: INRA UR1341 ADNC, Saint Gilles, France.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Le Huërou-Luron
authors.affiliation: INRA UR1341 ADNC, Saint Gilles, France. Electronic address: Gaelle.Boudry@rennes.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Gaëlle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Boudry
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology; D007583:Jejunum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000009:adverse effects*; D039382:Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D008642:Mesenteric Veins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D064307:Microbiota; D010539:Permeability; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D013552:Swine; D014886:Weaning
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides
keywords: Alpha-linoleic acid; Gut associated lymphoid tissue; Intestinal barrier function; Lipopolysaccharide; Microbiota