title: Oil-based emulsion vaccine adjuvants.
abstract: Vaccine adjuvants are critical components in experimental and licensed vaccines used in human and veterinary medicine. When aiming to evoke an immune response to a purified antigen, the administration of antigen alone is often insufficient, unless the antigen contains microbial structures or has a natural particulate structure. In most cases, the rationale to use an adjuvant is obvious to the experimental immunologist or the professional vaccinologist, who is familiar with the nature of the antigen, and the aim of the vaccine to elicit a specific antibody response and/or a specific type of T cell response. In this unit, we describe protocols to formulate antigens with oil-based emulsions. Such emulsions represent a major prototype adjuvant category that is frequently used in experimental preclinical vaccines, as well as veterinary and human vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology and Immunology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.|Epitopoietic Research Corporation (ERC), Isnes, Belgium, and ERC, Schaijk, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Virgil E J C
authors.initials: VEJC
authors.lastname: Schijns
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Institute of Oncology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Marius
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Strioga
authors.affiliation: Biologicals and Injectable Division, SEPPIC, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Stephane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ascarateil
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D004655:Emulsions; D006801:Humans; D009821:Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D014612:Vaccines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000941:Antigens; D004655:Emulsions; D009821:Oils; D014612:Vaccines
keywords: adjuvants; emulsions; vaccines
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