title: [Immune diagnostics in rheumatology].
abstract: Laboratory diagnostics play a fundamental role in rheumatology but must always be interpreted in the context of symptoms and clinical signs. Laboratory tests have a variety of purposes, such as confirmation or negation of a diagnosis, differential diagnosis, evaluation of activity and prognosis, involvement of organs and drug side effects. Markers of inflammation and specific autoantibodies are the most important laboratory parameters in rheumatology. Thus, with the suspicion of rheumatoid arthritis the analysis of C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), the rheumatoid factor and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP or ACPA) should be performed as the first line tests. Only a few antibody titers are suitable for monitoring of disease activity. Some autoantibodies exhibit such a high diagnostic value that the antibodies are included in the classification criteria or in the definition of a disease entity.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Labormedizin, Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, Krankenhaus Barmherzige Brüder Regensburg, Prüfeninger Str. 86, 93049, Regensburg, Deutschland, Rudolf.Gruber@barmherzige-regensburg.de.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gruber
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Borgmann
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001799:Blood Sedimentation; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D012216:Rheumatic Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology*; D012217:Rheumatoid Factor / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; C487763:cyclic citrullinated peptide; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D012217:Rheumatoid Factor
references.citation: Autoimmun Rev. 2010 Apr;9(6):431-5
references.pmid: 19932198
references.citation: Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2004 May;16(3):246-53
references.pmid: 15103252
references.citation: Ann Rheum Dis. 2014 Jan;73(1):17-23
references.pmid: 24126457
references.citation: Lupus. 2011 May;20(6):588-97
references.pmid: 21436216
references.citation: Arthritis Rheum. 2012 Sep;64(9):3034-42
references.pmid: 22605405
references.citation: J Hand Surg Am. 2011 May;36(5):926-7; quiz 928
references.pmid: 21458927
references.citation: Arthritis Rheum. 2010 Sep;62(9):2569-81
references.pmid: 20872595
references.citation: Z Rheumatol. 2013 Jun;72(5):420-1
references.pmid: 23588923
references.citation: Lupus. 2011 Feb;20(2):125-30
references.pmid: 20937623
references.citation: Autoimmun Rev. 2007 Nov;7(1):35-41
references.pmid: 17967723
references.citation: J Rheumatol. 2010 Aug 1;37(8):1582-8
references.pmid: 20516016
references.citation: Arthritis Res Ther. 2008;10(5):215
references.pmid: 18828883
references.citation: J Thromb Haemost. 2006 Feb;4(2):295-306
references.pmid: 16420554
references.citation: Autoimmun Rev. 2014 Mar;13(3):225-30
references.pmid: 24176675
references.citation: Z Rheumatol. 2012 Jan;71(1):19-26
references.pmid: 22286352
references.citation: Arthritis Rheum. 2013 Jan;65(1):1-11
references.pmid: 23045170