title: Siderophore-drug complexes: potential medicinal applications of the 'Trojan horse' strategy.
abstract: The ability of bacteria to develop resistance to antimicrobial agents poses problems in the treatment of numerous bacterial infections. One method to circumvent permeability-mediated drug resistance involves the employment of the 'Trojan horse' strategy. The Trojan horse concept involves the use of bacterial iron uptake systems to enter and kill bacteria. The siderophore-drug complex is recognized by specific siderophore receptors and is then actively transported across the outer membrane. The recently identified benefits of this strategy have led to the synthesis of a series of siderophore-based antibiotics. Several studies have shown that siderophore-drug conjugates make it possible to design antibiotics with improved cell transport and reduce the frequency of resistance mutants. Growing interest in siderophore-drug conjugates for the treatment of human diseases including iron overload, cancer, and malaria has driven the search for new siderophore-drug complexes. This strategy may have special importance for the development of iron oxide nanoparticle-based therapeutics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Jurasza 2, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Górska
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacodynamics and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Jurasza 2, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sloderbach
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Jurasza 2, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland. Electronic address: mmars@cm.umk.pl.
authors.forename: Michał Piotr
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Marszałł
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001692:Biological Transport; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism; D017262:Siderophores / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D017262:Siderophores; D007501:Iron
keywords: Trojan horse strategy; iron overload; magnetic drug carriers; siderophore