title: Restless leg syndrome and sleep quality in lumbar radiculopathy patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To investigate the frequency of restless leg syndrome (RLS), sleep quality impairment, depression, fatigue, and sleep behavior disorder and to determine the effects of surgery on these parameters in radiculopathy patients resistant to conservative treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study included 66 lumbar radiculopathy patients, who were resistant to conservative treatment and had indication of surgery. Five different questionnaires were performed to assess depression (the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)), sleep quality (the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)), fatigue (the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS)), and presence of RLS and rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD). The same questionnaires were also performed on a control group (n = 61).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the radiculopathy patients, 68.1% had RLS and 92.4% had fatigue. Of the controls, 16.4% had RLS and 59% had fatigue. RBD was present in 8 (12.1%) patients and 3 (4.9%) controls. The PSQI revealed that sleep quality was impaired in 46 (69.7%) patients and 35 (57.4%) controls (P > 0.05). The number of individuals having substantial depression according to the BDI was significantly higher in the patients than in the controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was a significant increase in the frequency of RLS, which was significantly decreased in the postoperative period in the radiculopathy patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Medicine, 55200 Samsun, Turkey ; Departments of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center, P. Debyelaan 25, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ersoy
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3445-1734
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kocabicak
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Medicine, 55200 Samsun, Turkey.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Terzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Medicine, 55200 Samsun, Turkey.
authors.forename: Kursad
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Akpinar
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Medicine, 55200 Samsun, Turkey.
authors.forename: Kemal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Paksoy
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Medicine, 55200 Samsun, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cebeci
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Medicine, 55200 Samsun, Turkey.
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Iyigun
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D005221:Fatigue / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008161:Lumbosacral Region; D008297:Male; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011788:Quality of Life; D011843:Radiculopathy / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology* / Q000601:surgery*; D012148:Restless Legs Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult
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