title: Lymphatic mapping and sentinel node biopsy in endometrial cancer--a feasibility study using cervical injection of radiotracer and blue dye.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of sentinel lymph node (SLN) detection using preoperative lymphoscintigraphy and intra-operative gamma probe/blue dye for endometrial cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty four consecutive patients with endometrial cancer were recruited. All patients underwent lymphatic mapping and sentinel node biopsy using combined intracervical radiotracer and blue dye injections. Pelvic lymph node dissection was performed for all patients. Para-aortic lymphadenectomy was done in high risk patients. All SLNs were examined by frozen section and Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) permanent sections.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pre-operative lymphoscintigraphy showed at least one SLN in 21/24 patients. Intra-operatively, at least one SLN could be harvested by gamma probe and/or blue dye methods. A total of 95 SLNs were detected. Four SLNs were detected only by blue dye, 42 only by radiotracer, and 49 were hot/blue. Median number of SLN per patient was 3. Three patients had positive pelvic lymph nodes. All of them had positive SLN (no false negative case). Frozen section could identify SLN involvement in two of three patients with positive pathology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lymphatic mapping and sentinel node biopsy is feasible and accurate in endometrial cancer patients using combined radiotracer and blue dye methods. Frozen section accuracy was lower and underscores the importance of expert pathologists for SLN mapping technique.
authors.forename: Sima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kadkhodayan
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shiravani
authors.forename: Malihe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hasanzadeh
authors.forename: Nourieh
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sharifi
authors.forename: Zohreh
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yousefi
authors.forename: Asiehsadat
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fattahi
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. sadeghir@mums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Ramin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sadeghi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002584:Cervix Uteri; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D061305:Lymphoscintigraphy; D008875:Middle Aged; D057234:Preoperative Period; D011849:Radioactive Tracers; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D011849:Radioactive Tracers