title: The influence of nitroglycerin on the proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells from peripheral blood of patients with coronary artery disease.
abstract: Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are associated with vascular repairing and progression of atherosclerotic lesion. It may lead to coronary artery disease (CAD) if circulating EPCs lose their function. Continuous nitroglycerin (NTG) therapy causes increased vascular oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of NTG on the proliferation of human peripheral blood-derived EPCs. EPC cultures, collected from 60 CAD patients and cultured for 7-12 days, were treated with different concentrations of NTG (0.0, 0.3, 1.0, 2.0, 7.5, 15.0, and 20.0 mg/l) for 72 h, respectively. The cell counts and proliferative activities of EPC; the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) in culture medium; and the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in adherent cells were measured. Compared with control (0.0 mg/l NTG), the cell number and proliferative activities of EPCs were increased when treated with 1.0 mg/l NTG and reached maximum level when NTG concentration was 7.5 mg/l. However, there was a significant reduction when treated with higher doses of NTG (≥15.0 mg/l). Meanwhile, VEGF-A expression reached its maximal expression with 7.5 mg/l NTG, but gradually declined by incubation with higher doses of NTG. There was a linear relationship between NO level and NTG concentration, but no changes of ONOO(-) and ROS levels were found when EPCs were incubated with 0.3-7.5 mg/l NTG. However, ONOO(-) and ROS levels were significantly increased when incubated with 15 and 20 mg/l NTG. Our data demonstrated that moderate dose of NTG may stimulate the proliferative activities of EPCs isolated from CAD patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
authors.forename: Caiyu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
authors.forename: Huiping
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
authors.forename: Mengxin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China falin@qiluhospital.com.
authors.forename: Falin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003470:Culture Media; D066026:Endothelial Progenitor Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D005996:Nitroglycerin
keywords: endothelial progenitor cell; nitric oxide; nitroglycerin; proliferation