title: [Ultrasound-guided facet block to low back pain: a case report].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Osteoarthrosis is a common cause of low back pain. The diagnosis is clinical and can be confirmed by imaging studies. Pain treatment and confirmation of diagnosis are made by intra-articular injection of corticosteroid and by local anesthetic use, due to clinical improvement. A direct monitoring of the procedure can be done under fluoroscopy, a classic technique, or else by an ultrasound-guided procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Female patient, 88 years old, 1.68m and 72kg, with facet osteoarthrosis at L2-L3, L3-L4 and L4-L5 for two years. On physical examination, she exhibited pain on lateralization and spinal extension. We opted in favor of an ultrasound-guided facet joint block. A midline spinal longitudinal scan was obtained, with identification of the desired joint space at L3-L4. A 25 G needle was inserted into the skin by the echographic off-plane ultrasound technique. 1 mL of contrast was administered, with confirmation by fluoroscopy. After aspiration of the contrast, 1 mL of solution containing 0.25% bupivacaine hydrochloride and 10 mg of methylprednisolone acetate was injected. Injections into L3-L4, L2-L3 and L1-L2 to the right were applied.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The visualization of the facet joint by ultrasound involves minimal risk, besides reduction of radiation. This option is suitable for a large part of the population. However, fluoroscopy and computed tomography remain as monitoring techniques indicated for patients with specific characteristics, such as obesity, severe degenerative diseases and anatomical malformations, in which the ultrasound technique is still in need of further study.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Ana Ellen Q
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Santiago
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Plinio C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Leal
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Elmiro Helio M
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Bezerra
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Ana Laura A
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Giraldes
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Leonardo C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Ferraro
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Andre H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Rezende
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Electronic address: riokoks.dcir@epm.br.
authors.forename: Rioko Kimiko
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Sakata
keywords: Bloqueio facetário; Facet block; Lombalgia; Low back pain; Ultrasound; Ultrassom