title: Vision test validation study for the health examination survey among youths 12-17 years.
abstract: Vision tests were included in the standardized examination given the national probability samples of children and youths in the Health Examination Surveys of 1963-65 and 1966-70, which focused primarily on health factors related to growth and development, as previously described. In the survey among children 6-11 years of age, visual acuity and the degree of eye muscle imbalance were determined using selected Armed Forces Vision-Tester targets in Master Ortho-Rater instruments under carefully controlled conditions, as shown in the first vision and eye examination reports from that study. 3,4 Children were tested only without glasses or other corrective lenses. Because of the reported substantial increase in the incidence of myopia at or around puberty, the vision test battery for the study of youths 12-17 years of age was expanded beyond that for children to include visual acuity tests with their usual refractive lenses and a set of trial lenses used to determine the presence and severity of myopia. Lensometer readings of the prescriptions used in the youths' present glasses or contact lenses were also obtained.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roberts