title: Management of spinal dural arterio-venous fistulas. Report of 12 cases and review of literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Spinal cord arteriovenous malformations and fistulae are rare vascular lesions than can lead to myelopathy that is at many instances overlooked during diagnosing the cause of progressive myelopathy and weakness. Treatment options involve either endovascular embolization, surgical disconnection or a combination of both. This study aims to evaluate various treatment methods for sDAVFs and the outcome of these methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study involved 12 patients suffering from symptoms attributed to spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas; 11 were male and one was a female patient, with ages ranging between 50 years and 71 years. All patients presented with progressive spastic paraparesis of varying grades, and 6 had sphincter disturbances prior to treatment. Patients were evaluated by Aminoff-Logue motor disability scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three were managed by endovascular embolization and 9 by surgical disconnection. Three patients showed full recovery after treatment, 7 patients showed no change in their neurological status following treatment, and 2 patients showed partial recovery after treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Spinal AVF is a rare curable cause of spinal myelopathy if managed promptly. Good angiographic studies prior to treatment decision are a must, in order to plan the best approach according to the angioarchitecture of the fistula whether it will allow endovascular embolization or will surgery be more feasible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Alexandria University School of Medicine, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Sherif
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rashad
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Alexandria University School of Medicine, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abdel-Bary
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Alexandria University School of Medicine, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Waseem
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Aziz
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Alexandria University School of Medicine, Alexandria, Egypt. Electronic address: Neurocatheter@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Tamer
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hassan
mesh_terms: D020785:Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000601:surgery*; D013118:Spinal Cord Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Arteriovenous fistula; Myelopathy; Spinal arteriovenous fistula; Spinal vascular malformation