title: Phylogenetic and functional diversity of microbial communities associated with subsurface sediments of the Sonora Margin, Guaymas Basin.
abstract: Subsurface sediments of the Sonora Margin (Guaymas Basin), located in proximity of active cold seep sites were explored. The taxonomic and functional diversity of bacterial and archaeal communities were investigated from 1 to 10 meters below the seafloor. Microbial community structure and abundance and distribution of dominant populations were assessed using complementary molecular approaches (Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis, 16S rRNA libraries and quantitative PCR with an extensive primers set) and correlated to comprehensive geochemical data. Moreover the metabolic potentials and functional traits of the microbial community were also identified using the GeoChip functional gene microarray and metabolic rates. The active microbial community structure in the Sonora Margin sediments was related to deep subsurface ecosystems (Marine Benthic Groups B and D, Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotal Group, Chloroflexi and Candidate divisions) and remained relatively similar throughout the sediment section, despite defined biogeochemical gradients. However, relative abundances of bacterial and archaeal dominant lineages were significantly correlated with organic carbon quantity and origin. Consistently, metabolic pathways for the degradation and assimilation of this organic carbon as well as genetic potentials for the transformation of detrital organic matters, hydrocarbons and recalcitrant substrates were detected, suggesting that chemoorganotrophic microorganisms may dominate the microbial community of the Sonora Margin subsurface sediments.
authors.affiliation: Ifremer, Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes, UMR6197, ZI de la pointe du Diable, Plouzané, France; Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes, UMR6197, ZI de la pointe du Diable, Plouzané, France; CNRS, Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes, UMR6197, ZI de la pointe du Diable, Plouzané, France.
authors.forename: Adrien
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vigneron
authors.affiliation: Ifremer, Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes, UMR6197, ZI de la pointe du Diable, Plouzané, France; Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes, UMR6197, ZI de la pointe du Diable, Plouzané, France; CNRS, Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes, UMR6197, ZI de la pointe du Diable, Plouzané, France.
authors.forename: Perrine
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cruaud
authors.affiliation: School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Erwan G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Roussel
authors.affiliation: Ifremer, Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes, UMR6197, ZI de la pointe du Diable, Plouzané, France; Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes, UMR6197, ZI de la pointe du Diable, Plouzané, France; CNRS, Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes, UMR6197, ZI de la pointe du Diable, Plouzané, France.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pignet
authors.affiliation: Ifremer, Laboratoire Etude des Environnements Profonds, UMR6197, ZI de la pointe du Diable, Plouzané, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Claude
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Caprais
authors.affiliation: Ifremer, Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes, UMR6197, ZI de la pointe du Diable, Plouzané, France; Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes, UMR6197, ZI de la pointe du Diable, Plouzané, France; CNRS, Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes, UMR6197, ZI de la pointe du Diable, Plouzané, France; Université de Brest, Domaines Océaniques IUEM, UMR6538, Place Nicolas Copernic, Plouzané, France.
authors.forename: Nolwenn
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Callac
authors.affiliation: Ifremer, Géosciences Marines, Laboratoire des Environnements Sédimentaires, ZI de la pointe du Diable, Plouzané, France.
authors.forename: Maria-Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Ciobanu
authors.affiliation: Ifremer, Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes, UMR6197, ZI de la pointe du Diable, Plouzané, France; Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes, UMR6197, ZI de la pointe du Diable, Plouzané, France; CNRS, Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes, UMR6197, ZI de la pointe du Diable, Plouzané, France.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Godfroy
authors.affiliation: School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Barry A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Cragg
authors.affiliation: School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Parkes
authors.affiliation: Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, United States of America.
authors.forename: Joy D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Van Nostrand
authors.affiliation: Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, United States of America.
authors.forename: Zhili
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, United States of America; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jizhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Ifremer, Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes, UMR6197, ZI de la pointe du Diable, Plouzané, France; Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes, UMR6197, ZI de la pointe du Diable, Plouzané, France; CNRS, Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes, UMR6197, ZI de la pointe du Diable, Plouzané, France.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Toffin
mesh_terms: D001105:Archaea / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D044822:Biodiversity; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D019642:RNA, Archaeal / Q000235:genetics*; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics*; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D019642:RNA, Archaeal; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
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