title: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) polymorphism and increased risk of epithelial ovarian cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Angiogenesis (AG) is essential for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) development. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), encoded by the VEGF gene, and endostatin, the product of the COL18A1 gene, act as a potent promoter and an inhibitor of AG, respectively. In the present study, we tested whether VEGF C936T and COL18A1 D104N polymorphisms alter the risk of EOC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genomic DNA from 131 EOC patients and 137 controls were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. The differences between groups were analyzed by χ (2) or Fisher's exact test and logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of the VEGF 936CC genotype was higher in patients than in controls (84.8% vs. 75.3%, P = 0.03). Individuals with respective genotypes had a 1.98 (95% CI 1.04-3.78)-fold increased risk of EOC than those with the remaining genotypes. An excess of VEGF 936CC plus COL18A1 DN genotype was seen in patients when compared to controls (48.6% vs. 30.5%); however, only a tendency toward a statistically significant difference in genotype frequencies was found in the study (P = 0.06), reflecting a trend toward an increased risk of 2.44 for EOC in carriers of the combined genotype.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data present, for the first time, preliminary evidence that VEGF C936T alone or combined with the COL18A1 D104N polymorphism of AG constitutes an important inherited EOC determinant.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Oncology Service, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Alexander Fleming 181, Cidade Universitária "Zeferino Vaz", Distrito de Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo, CEP: 13083-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Augusto
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Rinck-Junior
authors.forename: Cristiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Gustavo Jacob
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Lourenço
authors.forename: Regina Aparecida Martinho
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Sagarra
authors.forename: Sophie Françoise Mauricette
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Derchain
authors.forename: José Getulio
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Segalla
authors.forename: Carmen Silvia Passos
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lima
mesh_terms: D018262:Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D002288:Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018284:Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D024021:Fibril-Associated Collagens / Q000235:genetics*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011379:Prognosis; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C534489:COL19A1 protein, human; D024021:Fibril-Associated Collagens; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
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