title: Long-term inverse modeling of Chinese CO emission from satellite observations.
abstract: Carbon monoxide (CO) emissions in China in 2005-2010 were estimated by inversion, using the Green's function method from vertical CO profiles derived from MOPITT Version 5 satellite data and a tagged CO simulation, and validated with independent in situ observations from the World Data Centre for Greenhouse Gases. Modeling with a posteriori emission successfully reproduced CO outflow from the continent to the East China Sea, Sea of Japan, and Japanese islands during winter and spring, and compensated for underestimates in central and eastern China in summer. A posteriori emissions showed large seasonal variations in which December and March emissions were on average 23% larger than August emissions, consistent with other studies. Estimated Chinese CO emissions were 184.4, 173.1, 184.6, 158.4, 157.4, and 157.3 Tg/year for 2005-2010, respectively. The decrease after 2007 is partly attributed to Chinese socioeconomic conditions and improved combustion efficiency.
authors.affiliation: Meteorological Research Institute, Japan Meteorological Agency, Nagamine 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0032, Japan. Electronic address: yumimoto@mri-jma.go.jp.
authors.forename: Keiya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yumimoto
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Kasuga Park 6-1, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan.
authors.forename: Itsushi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Uno
authors.affiliation: Environmental Science Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Abiko 1642, Abiko, Chiba 270-1194, Japan.
authors.forename: Syuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Itahashi
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D001272:Atmosphere / Q000737:chemistry; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000032:analysis*; D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D007564:Japan; D008685:Meteorological Concepts; D008956:Models, Chemical; D063809:Satellite Imagery; D012621:Seasons; D018531:Spacecraft
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D002248:Carbon Monoxide
keywords: Carbon monoxide; China; Green's function; Inverse estimate; Tagged tracer