title: Translation and silencing in RNA granules: a tale of sand grains.
abstract: The transcriptome at the synapse consists of thousands of messengers encoding several cellular functions, including a significant number of receptors and ion channels and associated proteins. The concerted translational regulation of all these molecules contributes to the dynamic control of synaptic strength. Cumulative evidence supports that dendritic RNA granules and mRNA-silencing foci play an important role in translational regulation. Several relevant RBPs - FMRP; FUS/TLS; TDP-43; Staufen; Smaug; Pumilio; CPEB; HuD; ZBP1; and DDX6 among others - form granules that contain dormant mRNAs repressed by multiple pathways. Recent reports indicate that dendritic granules may contain stalled polysomes, and furthermore, active translation may occur in association with RNA granules. Here, we discuss the molecules and pathways involved in this continuum of RNA granules that contain masked mRNAs, mRNAs trapped in inactive polysomes or mRNAs engaged in translation.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Leloir Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Jerónimo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pimentel
authors.affiliation: Instituto Leloir Buenos Aires, Argentina ; Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Buenos Aires - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas Buenos Aires, Argentina ; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, University of Buenos Aires Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Graciela L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Boccaccio
keywords: RNA granule; localized translation; mRNA silencing foci; polysome stalling; processing bodies; synapse plasticity
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