title: Can the use of blood-based biomarkers in addition to anthropometric indices substantially improve the prediction of visceral fat volume as measured by magnetic resonance imaging?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether blood-based biomarkers can improve the prediction of visceral fat volume as measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and thus be used as proxies of visceral adiposity in large-scale epidemiological studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Whole-body MRI was performed to determine overall and regional body compartments in 542 participants aged 48-80 years (52% men) of the Heidelberg cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Anthropometric measures were taken, and clinical chemistry profiles including 15 routine biomarkers were obtained. Furthermore, nine novel biomarkers of visceral fat were assayed in a discovery sample of 100 participants. Multivariable regression models were calculated to assess associations between anthropometric variables, biomarkers, and visceral fat volume.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proportion of variance in visceral fat volume explained by anthropometric measures was 65.2% in women and 60.8% in men. By using blood-based biomarkers in addition to anthropometric indices, the variance in visceral fat volume explained could be increased by 4.8% in women and 4.0% in men. After backward selection, HbA1c, triglycerides, and adiponectin remained in the final multivariable regression model in women, while in men hsCRP, leukocytes, AST (GOT), GGT, LDL, and adiponectin remained in the final model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the present study, blood-based biomarkers moderately improved the prediction of visceral fat volume. This finding suggests that the underestimation of true associations between visceral fat and disease outcomes in epidemiological studies remains critical, even when using comprehensive sets of anthropometric and biomarker variables as proxies of visceral adiposity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany, j.neamat-allah@dkfz.de.
authors.forename: Jasmine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Neamat-Allah
authors.forename: Theron
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nabers
authors.forename: Anika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hüsing
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Teucher
authors.forename: Verena
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Katzke
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Delorme
authors.forename: Rudolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaaks
authors.forename: Tilman
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kühn
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D050154:Adiposity; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D016014:Linear Models; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D014280:Triglycerides; D014527:Uric Acid; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase
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