title: CMV in the gut: a critical review of CMV detection in the immunocompetent host with colitis.
abstract: As scientific techniques for the detection of cytomegalovirus (CMV) improve, we are able to detect small amounts of CMV in the mucosal wall. As clinicians, we are unsure how to interpret the results of this novel test. There is controversy in the literature as to the significance of the detection of CMV in the gut. Whilst the importance of CMV and reactivation of the virus is clear in those patients such as allograft recipients with established immune compromise, the role is less clear in patients with less damaged immune systems. We explore whether the detection of CMV in such cases influences outcome and how it should be optimally managed. We discuss the optimal management of such cases, according to current guidelines, with a review of the literature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infection and Immunity, University College London, Cruciform Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK. anna.goodman@nhs.net.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Goodman
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, NW3 2QG, UK.
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular Pathology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, NW3 2QG, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Watkins
authors.affiliation: Centre for Virology, University College London Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK.
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Griffiths
authors.affiliation: Centre for Virology, University College London Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK.
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Webster
mesh_terms: D003092:Colitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology*; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000821:virology
references.citation: Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2008 Oct;14(10):1373-9
references.pmid: 18452205
references.citation: Am J Gastroenterol. 2007 Feb;102(2):331-7
references.pmid: 17156136
references.citation: J Clin Pathol. 2000 Aug;53(8):612-4
references.pmid: 11002765
references.citation: J Infect Dis. 1997 Dec;176(6):1484-90
references.pmid: 9395358
references.citation: Am J Gastroenterol. 2006 Dec;101(12):2857-65
references.pmid: 17026558
references.citation: Am J Transplant. 2012 Sep;12(9):2457-64
references.pmid: 22594993
references.citation: World J Gastroenterol. 2007 Feb 7;13(5):754-60
references.pmid: 17278199
references.citation: Lancet. 2000 Jun 10;355(9220):2032-6
references.pmid: 10885354
references.citation: Am J Gastroenterol. 2011 Nov;106(11):2001-8
references.pmid: 21788989
references.citation: J Infect Dis. 1993 Feb;167(2):278-82
references.pmid: 8380610
references.citation: Gut. 2011 May;60(5):571-607
references.pmid: 21464096
references.citation: J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2014 Aug;47(4):345-9
references.pmid: 23481408
references.citation: Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2013 May;19(6):1156-63
references.pmid: 23619714
references.citation: J Crohns Colitis. 2009 Jun;3(2):47-91
references.pmid: 21172250
references.citation: Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2004 Aug;17(4):357-61
references.pmid: 15241082
references.citation: Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2010 Sep;16(9):1620-7
references.pmid: 20232408
references.citation: Dig Dis Sci. 2010 Apr;55(4):1053-8
references.pmid: 20165976
references.citation: AIDS. 1997 Jun;11(7):889-93
references.pmid: 9189214
references.citation: Dig Dis Sci. 2005 Apr;50(4):609-16
references.pmid: 15844689
references.citation: Clin Infect Dis. 2002 Apr 15;34(8):1094-7
references.pmid: 11914998
references.citation: Scand J Infect Dis. 1998;30(6):559-64
references.pmid: 10225382
references.citation: Ulcers. 2011 Jan 1;2011:
references.pmid: 21731826
references.citation: Am J Gastroenterol. 2010 Mar;105(3):501-23; quiz 524
references.pmid: 20068560