title: Calcium homeostasis is altered in skeletal muscle of spontaneously hypertensive rats: cytofluorimetric and gene expression analysis.
abstract: Hypertension is often associated with skeletal muscle pathological conditions related to function and metabolism. The mechanisms underlying the development of these pathological conditions remain undefined. Because calcium homeostasis is a biomarker of muscle function, we assessed whether it is altered in hypertensive muscles. We measured resting intracellular calcium and store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) in fast- and slow-twitch muscle fibers from normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) by cytofluorimetric technique and determined the expression of SOCE gene machinery by real-time PCR. Hypertension caused a phenotype-dependent dysregulation of calcium homeostasis; the resting intracellular calcium of extensor digitorum longus and soleus muscles of SHRs were differently altered with respect to the related muscle of normotensive animals. In addition, soleus muscles of SHR showed reduced activity of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and decreased sarcolemmal calcium permeability at rest and after SOCE activation. Accordingly, we found an alteration of the expression levels of some SOCE components, such as stromal interaction molecule 1, calcium release-activated calcium modulator 1, and transient receptor potential canonical 1. The hypertension-induced alterations of calcium homeostasis in the soleus muscle of SHRs occurred with changes of some functional outcomes as excitability and resting chloride conductance. We provide suitable targets for therapeutic interventions aimed at counterbalancing muscle performance decline in hypertension, and propose the reported calcium-dependent parameters as indexes to predict how the antihypertensive drugs could influence muscle function.
authors.affiliation: Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy. Electronic address: antonella.liantonio@uniba.it.
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Liantonio
authors.affiliation: Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Giulia M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Camerino
authors.affiliation: Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scaramuzzi
authors.affiliation: Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cannone
authors.affiliation: Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Sabata
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pierno
authors.affiliation: Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Bellis
authors.affiliation: Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Conte
authors.affiliation: INRA UMR703, LUNAM Université, Oniris, École Nationale Vétérinaire, Agro-Alimentaire et de l'Alimentation Nantes-Atlantique, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Bodvael
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fraysse
authors.affiliation: Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tricarico
authors.affiliation: Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Conte Camerino
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002110:Caffeine / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D018657:Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D010641:Phenotype; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY
chemical_list: D002110:Caffeine; D002118:Calcium