title: Malaria vectors in ecologically heterogeneous localities of the Colombian Pacific region.
abstract: The Colombian Pacific region is second nationally in number of malaria cases reported. This zone presents great ecological heterogeneity and Anopheles species diversity. However, little is known about the current spatial and temporal distribution of vector species. This study, conducted in three ecologically different localities of the Pacific region, aimed to evaluate the composition and distribution of Anopheles species and characterize transmission intensity. A total of 4,016 Anopheles mosquitoes were collected representing seven species. The composition and dominant species differed in each locality. Three species were infected with malaria parasites: Anopheles darlingi and An. calderoni were infected with Plasmodium falciparum and An. nuneztovari with Plasmodium vivax VK210 and VK247. Annual EIRs varied from 3.5-7.2 infective bites per year. These results confirm the importance of the primary vector An. nuneztovari in areas disturbed by human interventions, of An. darlingi in deforested margins of humid tropical rainforest and An. albimanus and the suspected vector An. calderoni in areas impacted by urbanization and large-scale palm oil agriculture close to the coast. This constitutes the first report in the Colombia Pacific region of naturally infected An. darlingi, and in Colombia of naturally infected An. calderoni. Further studies should evaluate the epidemiological importance of An. calderoni in the Pacific region.
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Microbiología Molecular, Escuela de Microbiología, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: Nelson
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Naranjo-Díaz
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Microbiología Molecular, Escuela de Microbiología, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Altamiranda
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Shirley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Luckhart
authors.affiliation: Griffin Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Singerlands, New York, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York, Albany, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jan E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Conn
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Microbiología Molecular, Escuela de Microbiología, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: Margarita M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Correa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000502:physiology; D003105:Colombia; D017753:Ecosystem; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005843:Geography; D006801:Humans; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000469:parasitology*; D008288:Malaria / Q000469:parasitology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010140:Pacific Ocean; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000472:pathogenicity; D010966:Plasmodium vivax / Q000472:pathogenicity; D011891:Rain
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