title: Role of genetic & environment risk factors in the aetiology of colorectal cancer in Malaysia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Colorectal cancer (CRC) is second only to breast cancer as the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Malaysia. In the Asia-Pacific area, it is the highest emerging gastrointestinal cancer. The aim of this study was to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and environmental factors associated with CRC risk in Malaysia from a panel of cancer associated SNPs.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this case-control study, 160 Malaysian subjects were recruited, including both with CRC and controls. A total of 768 SNPs were genotyped and analyzed to distinguish risk and protective alleles. Genotyping was carried out using Illumina's BeadArray platform. Information on blood group, occupation, medical history, family history of cancer, intake of red meat and vegetables, exposure to radiation, smoking and drinking habits, etc was collected. Odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A panel of 23 SNPs significantly associated with colorectal cancer risk was identified (P<0.01). Of these, 12 SNPs increased the risk of CRC and 11 reduced the risk. Among the environmental risk factors investigated, high intake of red meat (more than 50% daily proportion) was found to be significantly associated with increased risk of CRC (OR=6.52, 95% CI :1.93-2.04, P=0.003). Two SNPs including rs2069521 and rs10046 in genes of cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily were found significantly associated with CRC risk. For gene-environment analysis, the A allele of rs2069521 showed a significant association with CRC risk when stratified by red meat intake.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this preliminary study, a panel of SNPs found to be significantly associated with CRC in Malaysian population, was identified. Also, red meat consumption and lack of physical exercise were risk factors for CRC, while consumption of fruits and vegetables served as protective factor.
authors.forename: Nurul Hanis
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Ramzi
authors.forename: Jagdish Kaur
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Chahil
authors.forename: Say Hean
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lye
authors.forename: Khamsigan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Munretnam
authors.forename: Kavitha Itagi
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Sahadevappa
authors.forename: Sharmila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Velapasamy
authors.forename: Nikman Adli Nor
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Hashim
authors.forename: Soon Keat
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Cheah
authors.forename: Gerard Chin Chye
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Heselynn
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hussein
authors.forename: Mohd Roslan
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Haron
authors.affiliation: Molecular Research & Service Laboratory, INFOVALLEY ® Life Sciences Sdn. Bhd., Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Livy
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Alex
authors.forename: Lian Wee
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Ler
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics*; D004032:Diet; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
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