title: Effect of acute stresses on zebra fish (Danio rerio) metabolome measured by NMR-based metabolomics.
abstract: We applied an acute stress model to zebra fish in order to measure the changes in the metabolome due to biological stress. This was done by submitting the fish to fifteen minutes of acute confinement (netting) stress, and then five minutes for the open field and light/dark field tests. A polar extract of the zebra fish was then subjected to (1)H nuclear magnetic spectroscopy. Multivariate data analysis of the spectra showed a clear separation associated to a wide range of metabolites between zebra fish that were submitted to open field and light/dark field tests. Alanine, taurine, adenosine, creatine, lactate, and histidine were high in zebra fish to which the light/dark field test was applied, regardless of stress, while acetate and isoleucine/lipids appeared to be higher in zebra fish exposed to the open field test. These results show that any change in the environment, even for a small period of time, has a noticeable physiological impact. This research provides an insight of how different mechanisms are activated under different environments to maintain the homeostasis of the body. It should also contribute to establish zebra fish as a model for metabolomics studies.
authors.affiliation: Natural Products Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Mian Yahya
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Mushtaq
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Farmacodinâmica e Etnofarmacologia (LAFETH), DEA, Universidade Federal de Sergipe-UFS, São Cristóvão, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rosilene Moretti
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Marçal
authors.affiliation: Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Danielle L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Champagne
authors.affiliation: Natural Products Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: van der Kooy
authors.affiliation: Natural Products Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Verpoorte
authors.affiliation: Natural Products Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Young Hae
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D055442:Metabolome; D055432:Metabolomics; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012149:Restraint, Physical; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D015027:Zebrafish