title: Inhibition of nitrate transporter 1.1-controlled nitrate uptake reduces cadmium uptake in Arabidopsis.
abstract: Identification of mechanisms that decrease cadmium accumulation in plants is a prerequisite for minimizing dietary uptake of cadmium from contaminated crops. Here, we show that cadmium inhibits nitrate transporter 1.1 (NRT1.1)-mediated nitrate (NO3 (-)) uptake in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and impairs NO3 (-) homeostasis in roots. In NO3 (-)-containing medium, loss of NRT1.1 function in nrt1.1 mutants leads to decreased levels of cadmium and several other metals in both roots and shoots and results in better biomass production in the presence of cadmium, whereas in NO3 (-)-free medium, no difference is seen between nrt1.1 mutants and wild-type plants. These results suggest that inhibition of NRT1.1 activity reduces cadmium uptake, thus enhancing cadmium tolerance in an NO3 (-) uptake-dependent manner. Furthermore, using a treatment rotation system allowing synchronous uptake of NO3 (-) and nutrient cations and asynchronous uptake of cadmium, the nrt1.1 mutants had similar cadmium levels to wild-type plants but lower levels of nutrient metals, whereas the opposite effect was seen using treatment rotation allowing synchronous uptake of NO3 (-) and cadmium and asynchronous uptake of nutrient cations. We conclude that, although inhibition of NRT1.1-mediated NO3 (-) uptake by cadmium might have negative effects on nitrogen nutrition in plants, it has a positive effect on cadmium detoxification by reducing cadmium entry into roots. NRT1.1 may regulate the uptake of cadmium and other cations by a common mechanism.
authors.affiliation: College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (Q.Q.M., M.Y.G., S.K.F., Y.-Q.Y., X.Y.L., C.W.J.);Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, College of Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China (K.X.L.); andCollege of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310035, China (S.T.D.).
authors.forename: Qian Qian
authors.initials: QQ
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (Q.Q.M., M.Y.G., S.K.F., Y.-Q.Y., X.Y.L., C.W.J.);Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, College of Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China (K.X.L.); andCollege of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310035, China (S.T.D.).
authors.forename: Mei Yan
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.affiliation: College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (Q.Q.M., M.Y.G., S.K.F., Y.-Q.Y., X.Y.L., C.W.J.);Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, College of Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China (K.X.L.); andCollege of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310035, China (S.T.D.).
authors.forename: Kai Xing
authors.initials: KX
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (Q.Q.M., M.Y.G., S.K.F., Y.-Q.Y., X.Y.L., C.W.J.);Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, College of Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China (K.X.L.); andCollege of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310035, China (S.T.D.).
authors.forename: Shao Ting
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (Q.Q.M., M.Y.G., S.K.F., Y.-Q.Y., X.Y.L., C.W.J.);Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, College of Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China (K.X.L.); andCollege of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310035, China (S.T.D.).
authors.forename: Shi Kai
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (Q.Q.M., M.Y.G., S.K.F., Y.-Q.Y., X.Y.L., C.W.J.);Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, College of Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China (K.X.L.); andCollege of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310035, China (S.T.D.).
authors.forename: Yi-Quan
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (Q.Q.M., M.Y.G., S.K.F., Y.-Q.Y., X.Y.L., C.W.J.);Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, College of Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China (K.X.L.); andCollege of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310035, China (S.T.D.).
authors.forename: Xian Yong
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (Q.Q.M., M.Y.G., S.K.F., Y.-Q.Y., X.Y.L., C.W.J.);Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, College of Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China (K.X.L.); andCollege of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310035, China (S.T.D.) jincw@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Chong Wei
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0896-8596
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Jin
mesh_terms: D027321:Anion Transport Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000378:metabolism*; D002104:Cadmium / Q000378:metabolism*; D003470:Culture Media; D006706:Homeostasis; D009154:Mutation; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D027321:Anion Transport Proteins; D003470:Culture Media; C101492:NRT1.1 protein, Arabidopsis; D009566:Nitrates; D010940:Plant Proteins; D002104:Cadmium
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