title: Long-term temporal imprecision of information coding in the anterior cingulate cortex of mice with peripheral inflammation or nerve injury.
abstract: Temporal properties of spike firing in the central nervous system (CNS) are critical for neuronal coding and the precision of information storage. Chronic pain has been reported to affect cognitive and emotional functions, in addition to trigger long-term plasticity in sensory synapses and behavioral sensitization. Less is known about the possible changes in temporal precision of cortical neurons in chronic pain conditions. In the present study, we investigated the temporal precision of action potential firing in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) by using both in vivo and in vitro electrophysiological approaches. We found that peripheral inflammation caused by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) increased the standard deviation (SD) of spikes latency (also called jitter) of ∼51% of recorded neurons in the ACC of adult rats in vivo. Similar increases in jitter were found in ACC neurons using in vitro brain slices from adult mice with peripheral inflammation or nerve injury. Bath application of glutamate receptor antagonists CNQX and AP5 abolished the enhancement of jitter induced by CFA injection or nerve injury, suggesting that the increased jitter depends on the glutamatergic synaptic transmission. Activation of adenylyl cyclases (ACs) by bath application of forskolin increased jitter, whereas genetic deletion of AC1 abolished the change of jitter caused by CFA inflammation. Our study provides strong evidence for long-term changes of temporal precision of information coding in cortical neurons after peripheral injuries and explains neuronal mechanism for chronic pain caused cognitive and emotional impairment.
authors.affiliation: Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, The Center for the study of Pain, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada, and.
authors.forename: Xiang-Yao
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China.
authors.forename: Yong-Jie
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China.
authors.forename: Zhen-Xing
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, The Center for the study of Pain, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada, and.
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koga
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, The Center for the study of Pain, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada, and min.zhuo@utoronto.ca.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhuo
mesh_terms: D018750:6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione / Q000494:pharmacology; D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D019706:Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant / Q000633:toxicity; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D010523:Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014633:Valine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D018750:6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; C056639:2-amino-5-phosphopentanoic acid; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant; D014633:Valine
keywords: chronic pain; cingulate cortex; cortex; mice; synaptic transmission; temporal precision
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