title: Study of structural changes in placenta in pregnancy-induced hypertension.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hypertension is one of the most common complication during pregnancy. It contributes significantly to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. This study was designed to investigate the morphological and histopathological changes in placenta from pregnancies complicated with hypertension.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the morbid changes in placenta in cases of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and to correlate the findings with birth weight of new born babies in comparison with normotensive mothers.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was done on 100 placentas, out of which 50 were collected from normotensive mothers and the remaining 50 from PIH cases. All the placentas were studied morphologically and histologically. The birth weight of neonates was recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the present study it was observed that weight and dimensions of placenta was less in study group when compared with control group. The mean neonatal birth weight was more in normal pregnancy and feto-placental weight ratio was significantly high in hypertensive group. Histopathological study showed significant number of syncitial knots, areas of fibrinoid necrosis, hyalinization, calcification, and medial coat proliferation of medium sized blood vessels in hypertensive group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PIH significantly affects the placenta by reducing its weight and dimensions. These changes may cause placental insufficiency as a result of compromised utero-placental blood flow. Therefore has an adverse affect on the neonatal birth weight. PIH has definite influence on morphology, histology of placenta, and thus affects the growth of the fetus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Malabar Medical College and Research Centre, Modakkallur, Atholi, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: Deepalaxmi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Salmani
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Malabar Medical College and Research Centre, Modakkallur, Atholi, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: Suja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Purushothaman
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Malabar Medical College and Research Centre, Modakkallur, Atholi, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: Saligrama Chikkannasetty
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Somashekara
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Malabar Medical College and Research Centre, Modakkallur, Atholi, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: Ekambaram
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gnanagurudasan
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, S.V.S Medical College, Mahabubnagar, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Kampli
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sumangaladevi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, S.V.S Medical College, Mahabubnagar, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Recapu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Harikishan
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, S.V.S Medical College, Mahabubnagar, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Muthinpala
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Venkateshwarareddy
keywords: Neonatal birth weight; placenta; pregnancy-induced hypertension
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