title: Phenotypic characterization of Leishmania spp. causing cutaneous leishmaniasis in the lower Amazon region, western Pará state, Brazil, reveals a putative hybrid parasite, Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis × Leishmania (Viannia) shawi shawi.
abstract: We phenotypically characterized 43 leishmanial parasites from cutaneous leishmaniasis by isoenzyme electrophoresis and the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (23 McAbs). Identifications revealed 11 (25.6%) strains of Leishmania (V.) braziliensis, 4 (9.3%) of L. (V.) shawi shawi, 7 (16.3%) of L. (V.) shawi santarensis, 6 (13.9%) of L. (V.) guyanensis and L. (V.) lainsoni, 2 (4.7%) of L. (L.) amazonensis, and 7 (16.3%) of a putative hybrid parasite, L. (V.) guyanensis/L. (V.) shawi shawi. McAbs detected three different serodemes of L. (V.) braziliensis: I-7, II-1, and III-3 strains. Among the strains of L. (V.) shawi we identified two populations: one (7 strains) expressing the B19 epitope that was previously considered to be species-specific for L. (V.) guyanensis. We have given this population sub-specific rank, naming it L. (V.) s. santarensis. The other one (4 strains) did not express the B19 epitope like the L. (V.) shawi reference strain, which we now designate as L. (V.) s. shawi. For the first time in the eastern Brazilian Amazon we register a putative hybrid parasite (7 strains), L. (V.) guyanensis/L. (V.) s. shawi, characterized by a new 6PGDH three-band profile at the level of L. (V.) guyanensis. Its PGM profile, however, was very similar to that of L. (V.) s. shawi. These results suggest that the lower Amazon region - western Pará state, Brazil, represents a biome where L. (V.) guyanensis and L. (V.) s. shawi exchange genetic information.
authors.affiliation: Parasitology Department, Institute Evandro Chagas (Surveillance Secretary of Health, Ministry of Health), Belém, Pará state, Brazil.
authors.forename: Yara Lins
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Jennings
authors.affiliation: Parasitology Department, Institute Evandro Chagas (Surveillance Secretary of Health, Ministry of Health), Belém, Pará state, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adelson Alcimar Almeida
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.affiliation: Tropical Medicine Nucleus, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará state, Brazil.
authors.forename: Edna Aoba
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Sciences Institute, São Paulo University, São Paulo, São Paulo state, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.affiliation: Parasitology Department, Institute Evandro Chagas (Surveillance Secretary of Health, Ministry of Health), Belém, Pará state, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ralph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lainson
authors.affiliation: Parasitology Department, Institute Evandro Chagas (Surveillance Secretary of Health, Ministry of Health), Belém, Pará state, Brazil - Tropical Medicine Nucleus, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará state, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Silveira
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D004586:Electrophoresis; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D006801:Humans; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000032:analysis; D007891:Leishmania / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D007892:Leishmania braziliensis / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018334:Leishmania guyanensis / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D010641:Phenotype; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D000939:Epitopes; D007527:Isoenzymes; D015800:Protozoan Proteins
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