title: Comparison of digital imaging screening and indirect ophthalmoscopy for retinopathy of prematurity.
abstract: The aims of this study were to determine the incidence and severity of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) using digital imaging screening, confirm findings by indirect opthalmoscopy, and document risk factors of ROP in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a large tertiary hospital in a developing country. This prospective cohort study included infants with gestational age (GA) ≤ 32 wk, birth weight (BW) ≤ 1,500 g, or older and heavier neonates who were critically ill. Two hundred twenty two eyes (111 infants) were screened with digital imaging (Ret-Cam) and indirect ophthalmoscopy until retinal vascularization was complete or the disease regressed. Perinatal risk factors for ROP were analyzed. The overall incidence of ROP was 18.9 %. The incidence of ROP requiring treatment was 5.4 % (12/222) of the total eyes screened. Lower GA and blood transfusion were independent risk factors associated with ROP by multivariate analysis (p = 0.001, OR = 0.562, 95 % CI = 0.395-0.802, and p = 0.027, OR = 6.11, 95 % CI = 1.22-30.44, respectively). Digital imaging facilitated timely screening and detection of ROP, and enabled transfer of images, allowing early intervention for patients who required treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Zahraa Mohamed
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Ezz El Din
authors.forename: Mohamed Ahmed
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: El Sada
authors.forename: Aliaa Adel
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: Khalid
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Al Husseiny
authors.forename: Aly Abdel Rahman
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Yousef
mesh_terms: D015331:Cohort Studies; D057186:Comparative Effectiveness Research; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D004534:Egypt / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D008297:Male; D015997:Neonatal Screening / Q000379:methods*; D009887:Ophthalmoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012178:Retinopathy of Prematurity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
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