title: Improvement in levator function after anterior levator resection for the treatment of congenital ptosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the surgical outcome of levator resection in congenital ptosis, and to assess the change in levator function (LF) after surgery, as well as its effect on surgical outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The charts of patients who underwent an anterior levator resection for congenital ptosis between January 2010 and February 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Preoperative and postoperative grades of blepharoptosis, margin-reflex distance, LF, and reoperation status were noted, and postoperative outcomes were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 42 eyelids of 37 patients were included of which 32 eyelids (76.2%) had severe ptosis while 10 eyelids (23.8%) had moderate ptosis. The mean follow up was 11.0 ± 7.2 months. The overall success rate after initial surgery was 78.6%, and undercorrection was the leading course of surgical failure, with a rate of 14.3% (6 eyelids) at the final visit. Lagophthalmus and/or overcorrection occurred in 7.1% (3 eyelids) at the final visit, respectively. The mean preoperative LF was 6.8 mm ± 3.1 mm, which increased postoperatively to 8.7 mm ± 3.4 mm (p < 0.05) at month 1 and 9.6 mm ± 3.8 mm (p < 0.05) at the final visit. The mean LF improvement following surgery was 2.9 mm ± 2.2 mm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The levator resection surgery was observed to be an effective treatment for congenital ptosis, including severe ptosis with poor LF. Levator resection resulted in substantial improvement of postoperative levator muscle functioning, which might have an additive effect on the surgical success, especially for those with poor LF.
authors.affiliation: *School of Medicine, Ophthalmology Department, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey; and †School of Medicine, Biostatistics Department, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tuğba
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Göncü
authors.forename: Sevim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Çakmak
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akal
authors.forename: Eda
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Karaismailoğlu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019882:Blepharoplasty; D001763:Blepharoptosis / Q000151:congenital / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult