title: Regulation of ubiquitin proteasome pathway molecular markers in response to endurance and resistance exercise and training.
abstract: Knowledge on the effects of divergent exercise on ostensibly protein degradation pathways may be valuable for counteracting muscle wasting and for understanding muscle remodelling. This study examined mRNA and/or protein levels of molecular markers of the ubiquitin proteasome pathway (UPP), including FBXO32 (atrogin-1), MURF-1, FBXO40, FOXO1 and FOXO3. Protein substrates of atrogin-1-including EIF3F, MYOG and MYOD1-and of MURF-1-including PKM and MHC-were also measured. Subjects completed 10 weeks of endurance training (ET) or resistance training (RT) followed by a single-bout of endurance exercise (EE) or resistance exercise (RE). Following training, atrogin-1, FBXO40, FOXO1 and FOXO3 mRNA increased independently of exercise mode, whereas MURF-1 mRNA and FOXO3 protein increased following ET only. No change in other target proteins occurred post-training. In the trained state, single-bout EE, but not RE, increased atrogin-1, MURF-1, FBXO40, FOXO1, FOXO3 mRNA and FOXO3 protein. In contrast to EE, FBXO40 mRNA and protein decreased following single-bout RE. MURF-1 and FOXO1 protein levels as well as the protein substrates of atrogin-1 and MURF-1 were unchanged following training and single-bout exercise. This study demonstrates that the intracellular signals elicited by ET and RT result in an upregulation of UPP molecular markers, with a greater increase following ET. However, in the trained state, the expression levels of UPP molecular markers are increased following single-bout EE, but are less responsive to single-bout RE. This suggests that adaptations following endurance exercise training are more reliant on protein UPP degradation processes than adaptations following resistance exercise training.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, 3125, Australia.
authors.forename: Renae J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Stefanetti
authors.affiliation: Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, 3125, Australia.
authors.forename: Séverine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lamon
authors.affiliation: Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, 3125, Australia.
authors.forename: Marita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Mikkel H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Vendelbo
authors.affiliation: Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, 3125, Australia.
authors.forename: Aaron P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.affiliation: Section of Sport Science, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Dalgas Avenue 4, Aarhus C, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark. vissing@sport.au.dk.
authors.forename: Kristian
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vissing
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D039621:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D044783:F-Box Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000071161:Forkhead Box Protein O1; D000071316:Forkhead Box Protein O3; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D017570:MyoD Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018008:Myogenin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D055070:Resistance Training; D044843:SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D000070584:Tripartite Motif Proteins; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism*; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C584155:EIF3F protein, human; D039621:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-3; D044783:F-Box Proteins; C525752:FBXO40 protein, human; C085126:FOXO1 protein, human; C499517:FOXO3 protein, human; D000071161:Forkhead Box Protein O1; D000071316:Forkhead Box Protein O3; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C503799:MYOG protein, human; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D017570:MyoD Protein; C057363:MyoD1 myogenic differentiation protein; D018008:Myogenin; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000070584:Tripartite Motif Proteins; D025801:Ubiquitin; C440907:FBXO32 protein, human; D044843:SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases; C440908:TRIM63 protein, human; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex
references.citation: Am J Physiol. 1990 Oct;259(4 Pt 1):E470-6
references.pmid: 2221048
references.citation: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Feb;294(2):E408-15
references.pmid: 18042665
references.citation: Amino Acids. 2009 Jul;37(2):297-308
references.pmid: 18661258
references.citation: J Physiol. 2005 Oct 1;568(Pt 1):283-90
references.pmid: 16051622
references.citation: Dev Cell. 2011 Nov 15;21(5):835-47
references.pmid: 22033112
references.citation: Muscle Nerve. 2000 Jul;23(7):1095-104
references.pmid: 10883005
references.citation: Eur J Appl Physiol. 2010 Nov;110(4):665-94
references.pmid: 20602111
references.citation: Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2010 Aug;20(4):282-90
references.pmid: 20739716
references.citation: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Jan;294(1):E43-51
references.pmid: 17971512
references.citation: Diabetes. 1999 May;48(5):949-57
references.pmid: 10331397
references.citation: J Mol Biol. 2001 Mar 2;306(4):717-26
references.pmid: 11243782
references.citation: Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2010 Oct;42(10):1843-52
references.pmid: 20195183
references.citation: Anal Biochem. 1987 Apr;162(1):156-9
references.pmid: 2440339
references.citation: Am J Physiol. 1987 Dec;253(6 Pt 1):E636-47
references.pmid: 3425710
references.citation: Scand J Med Sci Sports. 1995 Jun;5(3):143-6
references.pmid: 7552756
references.citation: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2007 Dec;62(12):1407-12
references.pmid: 18166693
references.citation: J Appl Physiol (1985). 2007 Apr;102(4):1604-11
references.pmid: 17218424
references.citation: Arch Neurol. 1970 Oct;23(4):369-79
references.pmid: 4248905
references.citation: Eur J Nutr. 2014 Feb;53(1):321-33
references.pmid: 23640273
references.citation: Pflugers Arch. 2013 Sep;465(9):1317-25
references.pmid: 23525673
references.citation: J Appl Physiol (1985). 2008 Feb;104(2):371-8
references.pmid: 18048590
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Dec 4;98(25):14440-5
references.pmid: 11717410
references.citation: Biogerontology. 2013 Jun;14(3):303-23
references.pmid: 23686362
references.citation: FASEB J. 2005 Sep;19(11):1498-500
references.pmid: 15985525
references.citation: Am J Physiol. 1999 Feb;276(2):R591-6
references.pmid: 9950941
references.citation: Eur J Nutr. 2013 Mar;52(2):477-87
references.pmid: 22476926
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Dec 28;101(52):18135-40
references.pmid: 15601779
references.citation: J Physiol. 2006 Nov 1;576(Pt 3):923-33
references.pmid: 16916907
references.citation: Vet Ther. 2002 Fall;3(3):215-25
references.pmid: 12447828
references.citation: FASEB J. 2004 Jan;18(1):39-51
references.pmid: 14718385
references.citation: Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2012 Jul;40(3):159-64
references.pmid: 22732425
references.citation: J Strength Cond Res. 2008 Nov;22(6):1799-810
references.pmid: 18978625
references.citation: Physiol Genomics. 2007 Sep 19;31(1):42-52
references.pmid: 17519359
references.citation: J Appl Physiol (1985). 2007 Nov;103(5):1744-51
references.pmid: 17823296
references.citation: J Strength Cond Res. 2012 Feb;26(2):398-407
references.pmid: 22266546
references.citation: J Appl Physiol (1985). 2006 Nov;101(5):1442-50
references.pmid: 16840578
references.citation: Mol Cell. 2004 May 7;14(3):395-403
references.pmid: 15125842
references.citation: FASEB J. 2007 Jan;21(1):140-55
references.pmid: 17116744
references.citation: J Mol Biol. 2008 Jun 13;379(4):666-77
references.pmid: 18468620
references.citation: Am J Physiol. 1997 Jul;273(1 Pt 1):E99-107
references.pmid: 9252485
references.citation: Front Physiol. 2014 Jan 31;5:30
references.pmid: 24550841
references.citation: J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006 Jul;17(7):1807-19
references.pmid: 16738015
references.citation: J Appl Physiol (1985). 2007 Nov;103(5):1513-22
references.pmid: 17690190
references.citation: EMBO J. 2008 Apr 23;27(8):1266-76
references.pmid: 18354498
references.citation: Am J Physiol. 1999 Jan;276(1):E118-24
references.pmid: 9886957
references.citation: J Appl Physiol (1985). 2014 Jun 1;116(11):1491-502
references.pmid: 24458747
references.citation: Cell. 2004 Apr 30;117(3):399-412
references.pmid: 15109499
references.citation: Metabolism. 2005 Feb;54(2):151-6
references.pmid: 15690307
references.citation: J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1984 Apr;56(4):831-8
references.pmid: 6373687
references.citation: Can J Appl Sport Sci. 1981 Jun;6(2):87-92
references.pmid: 7016357
references.citation: Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2010 Aug;299(2):R533-40
references.pmid: 20519362
references.citation: Science. 2001 Nov 23;294(5547):1704-8
references.pmid: 11679633
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2005 Jan 28;280(4):2847-56
references.pmid: 15531760
references.citation: J Cell Biol. 2009 Jun 15;185(6):1083-95
references.pmid: 19506036
references.citation: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Mar 1;302(5):E510-21
references.pmid: 22127230
references.citation: Cell Mol Life Sci. 2013 Jun;70(11):2015-29
references.pmid: 23283301
references.citation: Cell Metab. 2007 Nov;6(5):376-85
references.pmid: 17983583
references.citation: Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2010 Mar;37(3):378-84
references.pmid: 19650790
references.citation: Horm Metab Res. 1980 Nov;12(11):591-5
references.pmid: 6450721
references.citation: Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2007 Sep;191(1):67-75
references.pmid: 17488244
references.citation: Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2013 Jun;23(3):355-66
references.pmid: 23802289
references.citation: Exp Gerontol. 2006 Nov;41(11):1195-200
references.pmid: 17029664
references.citation: J Appl Physiol (1985). 2012 Jun;112(11):1839-46
references.pmid: 22461440
references.citation: Am J Physiol. 1995 Mar;268(3 Pt 1):E514-20
references.pmid: 7900797
references.citation: FEBS Lett. 2009 Sep 3;583(17):2715-9
references.pmid: 19631210
references.citation: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2006 May;290(5):E849-55
references.pmid: 16338907