title: Transcriptomic responses of Phanerochaete chrysosporium to oak acetonic extracts: focus on a new glutathione transferase.
abstract: The first steps of wood degradation by fungi lead to the release of toxic compounds known as extractives. To better understand how lignolytic fungi cope with the toxicity of these molecules, a transcriptomic analysis of Phanerochaete chrysosporium genes was performed in the presence of oak acetonic extracts. It reveals that in complement to the extracellular machinery of degradation, intracellular antioxidant and detoxification systems contribute to the lignolytic capabilities of fungi, presumably by preventing cellular damages and maintaining fungal health. Focusing on these systems, a glutathione transferase (P. chrysosporium GTT2.1 [PcGTT2.1]) has been selected for functional characterization. This enzyme, not characterized so far in basidiomycetes, has been classified first as a GTT2 compared to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae isoform. However, a deeper analysis shows that the GTT2.1 isoform has evolved functionally to reduce lipid peroxidation by recognizing high-molecular-weight peroxides as substrates. Moreover, the GTT2.1 gene has been lost in some non-wood-decay fungi. This example suggests that the intracellular detoxification system evolved concomitantly with the extracellular ligninolytic machinery in relation to the capacity of fungi to degrade wood.
authors.affiliation: Université de Lorraine, IAM, UMR 1136, IFR 110 EFABA, Champenoux, France INRA, IAM, UMR 1136, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thuillier
authors.affiliation: Université de Lorraine, IAM, UMR 1136, IFR 110 EFABA, Champenoux, France INRA, IAM, UMR 1136, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Kamel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chibani
authors.affiliation: Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, IRB Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Belli
authors.affiliation: Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, IRB Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Herrero
authors.affiliation: Université de Lorraine, LERMAB, UMR 1093, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dumarçay
authors.affiliation: Université de Lorraine, LERMAB, UMR 1093, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gérardin
authors.affiliation: Université de Lorraine, IAM, UMR 1136, IFR 110 EFABA, Champenoux, France INRA, IAM, UMR 1136, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Annegret
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kohler
authors.affiliation: Université de Lorraine, IAM, UMR 1136, IFR 110 EFABA, Champenoux, France INRA, IAM, UMR 1136, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Aurélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deroy
authors.affiliation: Université de Lorraine, IAM, UMR 1136, IFR 110 EFABA, Champenoux, France INRA, IAM, UMR 1136, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Tiphaine
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dhalleine
authors.affiliation: Université de Lorraine, IAM, UMR 1136, IFR 110 EFABA, Champenoux, France INRA, IAM, UMR 1136, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Raphael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bchini
authors.affiliation: Université de Lorraine, IAM, UMR 1136, IFR 110 EFABA, Champenoux, France INRA, IAM, UMR 1136, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Jacquot
authors.affiliation: Université de Lorraine, IAM, UMR 1136, IFR 110 EFABA, Champenoux, France INRA, IAM, UMR 1136, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gelhaye
authors.affiliation: Université de Lorraine, IAM, UMR 1136, IFR 110 EFABA, Champenoux, France INRA, IAM, UMR 1136, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France Melanie.Morel@univ-lorraine.fr.
authors.forename: Mélanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morel-Rouhier
mesh_terms: D000096:Acetone / Q000737:chemistry; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008658:Inactivation, Metabolic; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008031:Lignin / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010545:Peroxides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D020075:Phanerochaete / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029963:Quercus / Q000737:chemistry*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014934:Wood / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D010545:Peroxides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C036909:lignocellulose; D000096:Acetone; D008031:Lignin; D005982:Glutathione Transferase
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