title: 7T T₂*-weighted magnetic resonance imaging reveals cortical phase differences between early- and late-onset Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: The aim of this study is to explore regional iron-related differences in the cerebral cortex, indicative of Alzheimer's disease pathology, between early- and late-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD, LOAD, respectively) patients using 7T magnetic resonance phase images. High-resolution T2(∗)-weighted scans were acquired in 12 EOAD patients and 17 LOAD patients with mild to moderate disease and 27 healthy elderly control subjects. Lobar peak-to-peak phase shifts and regional mean phase contrasts were computed. An increased peak-to-peak phase shift was found for all lobar regions in EOAD patients compared with LOAD patients (p < 0.05). Regional mean phase contrast in EOAD patients was higher than in LOAD patients in the superior medial and middle frontal gyrus, anterior and middle cingulate gyrus, postcentral gyrus, superior and inferior parietal gyrus, and precuneus (p ≤ 0.042). These data suggest that EOAD patients have an increased iron accumulation, possibly related to an increased amyloid deposition, in specific cortical regions as compared with LOAD patients.
authors.affiliation: C.J. Gorter Center for High-Field MRI, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands. Electronic address: S.van_Rooden@lumc.nl.
authors.forename: Sanneke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: van Rooden
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Division of Image Processing, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Nhat Trung
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Doan
authors.affiliation: C.J. Gorter Center for High-Field MRI, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Maarten J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Versluis
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Center & Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jeroen D C
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Goos
authors.affiliation: C.J. Gorter Center for High-Field MRI, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Andrew G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.affiliation: Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ania M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Oleksik
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Center & Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wiesje M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: van der Flier
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Center & Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Scheltens
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Frederik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barkhof
authors.affiliation: Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Diaconessen Hospital, Leiden, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Annelies W E
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Weverling-Rynsburger
authors.affiliation: Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Bronovo Hospital, Den Haag, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Gerard Jan
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Blauw
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Division of Image Processing, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Johan H C
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Reiber
authors.affiliation: C.J. Gorter Center for High-Field MRI, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: van Buchem
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Division of Image Processing, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Milles
authors.affiliation: C.J. Gorter Center for High-Field MRI, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jeroen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van der Grond
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D007501:Iron
keywords: AD pathology; Alzheimer's disease; Brain imaging; Early-onset AD; Human 7T MRI; Phase