title: Present and possible therapies for age-related macular degeneration.
abstract: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of blindness in the elderly population worldwide and is defined as a chronic, progressive disorder characterized by changes occurring within the macula reflective of the ageing process. At present, the prevalence of AMD is currently rising and is estimated to increase by a third by 2020. Although our understanding of the several components underpinning the pathogenesis of this condition has increased significantly, the treatment options for this condition remain substantially limited. In this review, we outline the existing arsenal of therapies available for AMD and discuss the additional role of further novel therapies currently under investigation for this debilitating disease.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8807-2970
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK.
authors.forename: Ketan
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1430-0317
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK.
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6054-0952
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Loutfi
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital Aintree, Liverpool L9 7AL, UK.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kamal
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