title: Nonpulsed sinusoidal electromagnetic fields as a noninvasive strategy in bone repair: the effect on human mesenchymal stem cell osteogenic differentiation.
abstract: In vivo control of osteoblast differentiation is an important process needed to maintain the continuous supply of mature osteoblast cells for growth, repair, and remodeling of bones. The regulation of this process has also an important and significant impact on the clinical strategies and future applications of cell therapy. In this article, we studied the effect of nonpulsed sinusoidal electromagnetic field radiation tuned at calcium-ion cyclotron frequency of 50 Hz exposure treatment for bone differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) alone or in synergy with dexamethasone, their canonical chemical differentiation agent. Five days of continuous exposure to calcium-ion cyclotron resonance affect hMSC proliferation, morphology, and cytoskeletal actin reorganization. By quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, we also observed an increase of osteoblast differentiation marker expression such as Runx2, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OC), and osteopontin (OPN) together with the osteoprotegerin mRNA modulation. Moreover, in these cells, the increase of the protein expression of OPN and ALP was also demonstrated. These results demonstrate bone commitment of hMSCs through a noninvasive and biocompatible differentiating physical agent treatment and highlight possible applications in new regenerative medicine protocols.
authors.affiliation: 1 Institute of Translational Pharmacology , National Research Council, Rome, Italy .
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ledda
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: D'Emilia
authors.forename: Livio
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Giuliani
authors.forename: Rodolfo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marchese
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Foletti
authors.forename: Settimio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grimaldi
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lisi
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D017357:Cyclotrons; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D053495:Osteopontin / Q000378:metabolism; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D015415:Biomarkers; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D053495:Osteopontin; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine; D002118:Calcium