title: Heme oxygenase-1 acts as an antiviral factor for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection and over-expression inhibits virus replication in vitro.
abstract: Virus replication depends upon host-cell processes in infected cells, and this is true for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), the causative agent of PRRS that is a worldwide threat to the swine industry. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a ubiquitously expressed inducible isoform of the first and rate-limiting enzyme for heme degradation. Our previous research suggested that HO-1 may play an important role in PRRSV infection. However, the function of HO-1 in PRRSV infection is unclear. In the present study, Marc-145, PK-15(CD163) cell lines and porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) were used to evaluate the effects of HO-1 induction and over-expression on the replication of two different PRRSV strains. Induction of HO-1 markedly decreased the replication of PRRSV strains in the different cells. Similarly, adenoviral-mediated over-expression of HO-1 also greatly decreased the replication of PRRSV. In contrast, ablation of HO-1 using small interfering RNA concomitantly increased PRRSV replication. Therefore, the data were consistent with HO-1 acting as an antiviral factor and these findings suggested that over-expression or induction of HO-1 may provide a potential therapeutic strategy against PRRSV infection.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Shuqi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Angke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Chong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Huaibo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Jiming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Chengbao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Xiangpeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Hongliang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Yani
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China.
authors.forename: Gaiping
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Infection Biology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L3 5RF, UK.
authors.forename: Julian A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hiscox
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
authors.forename: Walter H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China. Electronic address: zhouem@nwsuaf.edu.cn.
authors.forename: En-Min
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000201:enzymology*; D019318:Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy; D019316:Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus / Q000254:growth & development*; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D013552:Swine; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1
keywords: Antivirus factor; HO-1; Highly pathogenic PRRSV; PRRSV; siRNA