title: Reducing High Risk Behaviors among Street Living Youth: Outcomes of an Integrated Prevention Intervention.
abstract: Research efforts to reduce Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) risk behavior among street living youth have shown disappointing outcomes, with few studies reporting reduced risk behaviors. The current study tested the impact of an integrated HIV prevention intervention, and predictors of change, for youth (N=270) between the ages of 14 to 20 years receiving substance use treatment through a drop-in center. Condom use, HIV knowledge, number of sexual partners and behaviors associated with an overall HIV risk index were assessed at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months post-baseline. Findings suggest that HIV prevention integrated with substance use treatment is associated with increased condom use and reduced sex partners. However, the effects on condom use were short lived and dissipated by 12 months post-baseline. Higher treatment attendance and baseline substance use predicted increased condom use. Although no significant change was observed in the overall HIV risk index, increases in depressive symptoms were associated with increases in the index score, as well as more sexual partners. Future research should determine whether successful intervention requires reinforcement of risk reduction behaviors while youth remain homeless.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University,135 Campbell Hall, 1787 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43220, USA.
authors.forename: Jasmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carmona
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University,135 Campbell Hall, 1787 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43220, USA.
authors.forename: Natasha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Slesnick
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University,135 Campbell Hall, 1787 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43220, USA.
authors.forename: Xiamei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Counseling and Human Development, South Dakota State University, Box 2275A Brookings, SD 57007, USA.
authors.forename: Amber
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Letcher
keywords: HIV prevention; homeless youth; substance use
references.citation: Pediatrics. 2001 Nov;108(5):E85
references.pmid: 11694669
references.citation: AIDS Behav. 2007 Nov;11(6 Suppl):45-55
references.pmid: 17828451
references.citation: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2000 Apr 1;59(1):17-31
references.pmid: 10706972
references.citation: BMC Public Health. 2009 Jun 03;9:171
references.pmid: 19493353
references.citation: J Adolesc. 2005 Apr;28(2):277-98
references.pmid: 15878048
references.citation: Sex Transm Infect. 2004 Dec;80(6):526-30
references.pmid: 15572629
references.citation: J Adolesc. 2001 Aug;24(4):447-60
references.pmid: 11549325
references.citation: BMJ. 2002 Jun 15;324(7351):1426
references.pmid: 12065267
references.citation: J Adolesc Health. 2013 Mar;52(3):314-21
references.pmid: 23299011
references.citation: J Consult Clin Psychol. 1995 Feb;63(1):154-7
references.pmid: 7896983
references.citation: J Adolesc Health. 2012 Apr;50(4):358-64
references.pmid: 22443839
references.citation: J Sch Health. 1989 Feb;59(2):55-8
references.pmid: 2927091
references.citation: Health Place. 2009 Sep;15(3):753-60
references.pmid: 19201642
references.citation: J Adolesc Health. 2006 Oct;39(4):601-3
references.pmid: 16982400
references.citation: J Health Psychol. 2007 Sep;12(5):818-32
references.pmid: 17855465
references.citation: J Subst Abuse Treat. 2004 Sep;27(2):99-121
references.pmid: 15450644
references.citation: Health Educ Res. 2012 Jun;27(3):495-512
references.pmid: 22350195
references.citation: Alcohol Treat Q. 2004 Jun 21;22(2):21-34
references.pmid: 18563208
references.citation: J Behav Med. 2008 Feb;31(1):45-59
references.pmid: 17940861
references.citation: Addiction. 2005 Nov;100(11):1594-610
references.pmid: 16277622
references.citation: Community Ment Health J. 2013 Apr;49(2):178-84
references.pmid: 22797748
references.citation: AIDS Behav. 2011 Nov;15(8):1589-95
references.pmid: 21598034
references.citation: AIDS Educ Prev. 2006 Jun;18(3):187-203
references.pmid: 16774462
references.citation: AIDS Educ Prev. 1996 Aug;8(4):308-22
references.pmid: 8874648
references.citation: AIDS Behav. 2005 Sep;9(3):251-65
references.pmid: 16088369
references.citation: J Adolesc Health. 2006 Nov;39(5):774-7
references.pmid: 17046522
references.citation: Child Abuse Negl. 1999 Dec;23(12):1295-306
references.pmid: 10626612
references.citation: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Jan 19;(1):CD007501
references.pmid: 21249691
references.citation: Prev Sci. 2003 Sep;4(3):173-87
references.pmid: 12940468
references.citation: J Adolesc Health. 2008 Apr;42(4):401-9
references.pmid: 18346666
references.citation: Fam Process. 2004 Mar;43(1):79-93
references.pmid: 15359716
references.citation: J Consult Clin Psychol. 1989 Feb;57(1):60-7
references.pmid: 2925974
references.citation: J Interpers Violence. 2013 Feb;28(3):474-93
references.pmid: 22935946