title: A clinical comparison of three aligning archwires in terms of alignment efficiency: A prospective clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To clinically evaluate the effectiveness of three orthodontic aligning archwires in relation to tooth alignment speed during the initial alignment stage of treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  A consecutive sample of 74 patients requiring lower only or upper and lower fixed orthodontic appliances were randomly allocated into three different archwires (0.014-inch superelastic nickel-titanium [NiTi], 0.014-inch thermoelastic NiTi, or 0.014-inch conventional NiTi). Good quality impressions were taken of the lower arch before archwire placement (T0) and at designated serial stages of alignment (every 2 weeks: T2, T4, T6, …, T16). The change in tooth alignment was measured in millimeters from the resultant casts using Little's irregularity index. Demographic and clinical differences among the three groups were compared with the chi-square or analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. The difference in the change of lower anterior tooth alignment over time among the three groups was explored with a Split Plot ANOVA (SPANOVA, or within- and between-groups ANOVA). The Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test was used when data were not normally distributed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The SPANOVA and Wilks Lambda Multivariate test confirmed that the wire type had no influence on the rate of change in alignment (P  =  .98).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The three forms of NiTi wires were similar in terms of their alignment efficiency during the initial aligning stage of orthodontic fixed appliance therapy.
authors.affiliation: a  Lecturer in Orthodontics, Growth and Development Department, College of Dentistry, Ajman University of Science & Technology, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
authors.forename: Reem Sh
authors.initials: RSh
authors.lastname: Abdelrahman
authors.forename: Kazem S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Al-Nimri
authors.forename: Emad F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Al Maaitah
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004548:Elasticity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008311:Malocclusion, Angle Class I / Q000628:therapy; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000628:therapy; D008313:Malocclusion, Angle Class III / Q000628:therapy; D003765:Models, Dental; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D009969:Orthodontic Wires; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003722:Dental Alloys; C040654:titanium nickelide; D009532:Nickel; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Alignment; Archwires
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