title: Association of simple anthropometric indices and body fat with early atherosclerosis and lipid profiles in Chinese adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The discriminatory capability of different adiposity indices for atherosclerosis and lipid abnormalities remains uncertain. This study aimed to identify the best adiposity index for predicting early atherosclerosis and abnormal lipid profiles among anthropometric parameters and body fat measures in middle-aged and elderly Chinese.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 2,063 women and 814 men (57.6±5.2 y) were recruited for this community-based cross-sectional study. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were assessed. Body fat mass and its percentage values for the whole body and trunk were measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The intima-media thicknesses (IMTs) of the common carotid arteries (CCA), internal carotid arteries (ICA) and bifurcation (BIF) were determined via B-mode ultrasound. The fasting lipid profiles were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With per SD increase of adiposity indices, the magnitude of the changes of IMT values and lipid profiles was more substantial for WC, WHR and WHtR in both genders. A multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that WC, WHR and WHtR were more sensitive in predicting the presence of intima-media thickening at the three segments as well as the lipids disturbances in women and men. In general, BIA-derived measures have no added predictive value for IMT-thickening as opposed to those three traditional abdominal measures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that abdominal anthropometric measures including WC, WHR and WHtR are sensitive for discriminating carotid atherosclerosis and lipids abnormalities. WC is the best index because of its simplicity in routine use.
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhe-qing
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li-ping
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiao-yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wen-hua
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yi-xiang
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yu-ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000886:Anthropometry; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D065927:Waist-Height Ratio; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio
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