title: Protective effects of Acanthopanax divaricatus extract in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acanthopanax divaricatus var. albeofructus (ADA) extract has been reported to have anti-oxidant, immunomodulatory, and anti-mutagenic activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the effects of ADA extract on two mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD); intracerebroventricular injection of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) and amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 (APP/PS1)-transgenic mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intra-gastric administration of ADA stem extract (0.25 g/kg, every 12 hrs started from one day prior to injection of Aβ1-42 until evaluation) effectively blocked Aβ1-42-induced impairment in passive avoidance performance, and Aβ1-42-induced increase in immunoreactivities of glial fibrillary acidic protein and interleukin (IL)-1α in the hippocampus. In addition, it alleviated the Aβ1-42-induced decrease in acetylcholine and increase in malondialdehyde levels in the cortex. In APP/PS1-transgenic mice, chronic oral administration of ADA stem extract (0.1 or 0.5 g/kg/day for six months from the age of six to 12 months) resulted in significantly enhanced performance of the novel-object recognition task, and reduced amyloid deposition and IL-1β in the brain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study suggest that ADA stem extract may be useful for prevention and treatment of AD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-702, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Jing
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-702, Korea.
authors.forename: Won-Gyun
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-702, Korea.
authors.forename: Jun-Sub
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-702, Korea.
authors.forename: Hee-Sung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-702, Korea.
authors.forename: Md Ashraful
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hasan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-702, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Keun
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Song
keywords: Acanthopanax divaricatus; Alzheimer disease; amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1; β-amyloid peptide
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