title: Memory factors in Rey AVLT: Implications for early staging of cognitive decline.
abstract: Supraspan verbal list learning is widely used to assess dementia and related cognitive disorders where declarative memory deficits are a major clinical sign. While the overall learning rate is important for diagnosis, serial position patterns may give insight into more specific memory processes in patients with cognitive impairment. This study explored these patterns in a memory clinic clientele. One hundred eighty three participants took the Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT). The major groups were patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), Vascular Dementia (VD), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), and Subjective Cognitive Impairment (SCI) as well as healthy controls (HC). Raw scores for the five trials and five serial partitions were factor analysed. Three memory factors were found and interpreted as Primacy, Recency, and Resistance to Interference. AD and MCI patients had impaired scores in all factors. SCI patients were significantly impaired in the Resistance to Interference factor, and in the Recency factor at the first trial. The main conclusion is that serial position data from word list testing reflect specific memory capacities which vary with levels of cognitive impairment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Section for Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden.
authors.forename: Sven-Erik
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Fernaeus
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ostberg
authors.forename: Lars-Olof
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Wahlund
authors.forename: Ake
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hellström
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000523:psychology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011594:Psychometrics; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors
keywords: Rey AVLT; factor analysis; interference; mild cognitive impairment; primacy; recency; serial positions