title: HIV status, knowledge of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and antenatal care use among Ethiopian women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether HIV status and knowledge of mother-to-child-transmission (MTCT) of HIV are associated with antenatal care (ANC) use.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were obtained from the 2011 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey among women aged 15-49years who agreed to HIV testing and who reported giving birth in the preceding five years. The two exposures of interest were HIV status and knowledge of MTCT. Unadjusted and adjusted prevalence ratios for ANC use were estimated by fitting modified Poisson regression models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 7392 women in the sample, ANC use was lowest among HIV-negative, low MTCT knowledge women (31.6% [95% confidence interval: 28.1-35.1]), and highest among HIV-positive, high knowledge women (81.9% [69.8-94.0%]). ANC use was significantly higher among HIV-positive, high knowledge (adjusted prevalence ratio [APR]=1.60 [1.32-1.94]) and HIV-negative, high knowledge women (1.37 [1.24-1.51]) compared with HIV-negative, low knowledge women. There was no statistically significant difference in ANC use by HIV status among low knowledge women (1.26 [0.71-2.25]).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HIV-positive women generally had better MTCT knowledge. Among HIV-negative women, the prevalence of ANC use was greater among women with higher knowledge. Increasing MTCT knowledge may facilitate ANC use and in turn may eliminate MTCT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI, USA.
authors.forename: Ida
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sahlu
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI, USA; Center for Population Health and Clinical Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI, USA. Electronic address: chanelle_howe@brown.edu.
authors.forename: Chanelle J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Howe
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI, USA; Center for Population Health and Clinical Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI, USA.
authors.forename: Melissa A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI, USA; Center for Population Health and Clinical Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI, USA.
authors.forename: Brandon D L
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Marshall
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D044383:Black People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005002:Ethiopia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D008875:Middle Aged; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000453:epidemiology; D011295:Prenatal Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015995:Prevalence; D012424:Rural Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
keywords: Antenatal care; Ethiopia; Human immunodeficiency virus; Knowledge; Prevention of mother-to-child transmission
references.citation: Ethiop J Health Sci. 2011 Aug;21(Suppl 1):107-15
references.pmid: 22435013
references.citation: Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007 Sep;197(3 Suppl):S17-25
references.pmid: 17825646
references.citation: BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2012 Jul 28;12:73
references.pmid: 22838392
references.citation: Stat Methods Med Res. 2013 Dec;22(6):661-70
references.pmid: 22072596
references.citation: Reprod Health. 2012 Jul 26;9:8
references.pmid: 22834566
references.citation: Int J Equity Health. 2013 May 14;12:30
references.pmid: 23672203
references.citation: Int J Womens Health. 2011;3:359-66
references.pmid: 22140322
references.citation: Trop Med Int Health. 2013 Jun;18(6):678-86
references.pmid: 23557101
references.citation: Reprod Health. 2011 Apr 16;8:6
references.pmid: 21496304