title: Broad and adaptable RNA structure recognition by the human interferon-induced tetratricopeptide repeat protein IFIT5.
abstract: Interferon (IFN) responses play key roles in cellular defense against pathogens. Highly expressed IFN-induced proteins with tetratricopeptide repeats (IFITs) are proposed to function as RNA binding proteins, but the RNA binding and discrimination specificities of IFIT proteins remain unclear. Here we show that human IFIT5 has comparable affinity for RNAs with diverse phosphate-containing 5'-ends, excluding the higher eukaryotic mRNA cap. Systematic mutagenesis revealed that sequence substitutions in IFIT5 can alternatively expand or introduce bias in protein binding to RNAs with 5' monophosphate, triphosphate, cap0 (triphosphate-bridged N7-methylguanosine), or cap1 (cap0 with RNA 2'-O-methylation). We defined the breadth of cellular ligands for IFIT5 by using a thermostable group II intron reverse transcriptase for RNA sequencing. We show that IFIT5 binds precursor and processed tRNAs, as well as other RNA polymerase III transcripts. Our findings establish the RNA recognition specificity of the human innate immune response protein IFIT5.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; and.
authors.forename: George E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Katibah
authors.affiliation: Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712.
authors.forename: Yidan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Sidote
authors.affiliation: Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 lambowitz@austin.utexas.edu kcollins@berkeley.edu.
authors.forename: Alan M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Lambowitz
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; and lambowitz@austin.utexas.edu kcollins@berkeley.edu.
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Collins
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D011485:Protein Binding; D012313:RNA / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C110985:IFIT5 protein, human; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D012313:RNA
keywords: RNA post-transcriptional modifications; innate immunity; poly-U tailing; protein–RNA interaction; tRNA processing
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