title: Effect of Shenxinning decoction on ventricular remodeling in AT1 receptor-knockout mice with chronic renal insufficiency.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the efficacy of Shenxinning Decoction (SXND) in ventricular remodeling in AT1 receptor-knockout (AT1-KO) mice with chronic renal insufficiency (CRI).
  
  
  METHODS
  AT1-KO mice modeled with subtotal (5/6) nephrectomy were intervened with SXND for 12 weeks. Subsequently, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), echocardiography (left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, LVDD; left ventricular end-systolic diameter, LVDS; fractional shortening, FS; and ejection fraction, EF), collagen types I and III in the heart and kidney, myocardial mitochondria, and cardiac transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) of the AT1-KO mice were compared with the same model with nephrectomy only and untreated with SXND.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AT1-KO mice did not affect the process of CRI but it could significantly affect cardiac remodeling process. SXND decreased to some extent the AT1-KO mice's BUN, SCr, BNP, and cardiac LVDD, LVDS, and BNP, improved FS and EF, lowered the expression of collagen type I and III in heart and kidney, increased the quantity of mitochondria and ameliorated their structure, and down-regulated the expression of TGF-β1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SXND may antagonize the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and decrease uremia toxins, thereby ameliorating ventricular remodeling in CRI. Furthermore, SXND has a mechanism correlated with the improvement of myocardial energy metabolism and the down-regulation of TGF-β1.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Kidney Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xuejun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Kidney Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Kidney Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Huiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.affiliation: Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Weifang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiaojin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yating
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shun
authors.affiliation: Institute of Kidney Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Liqun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000648:ultrastructure; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000378:metabolism; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; C000596752:shenxinning
keywords: AT1 receptor-knockout mice; TGF-β1; chronic renal insufficiency; shenxinning decoction; ventricular remodeling
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