title: High accuracy NMR chemical shift corrected for bulk magnetization as a tool for structural elucidation of dilutable microemulsions. Part 1 - Proof of concept.
abstract: In microemulsions, changes in droplet size and shape and possible transformations occur under various conditions. They are difficult to characterize by most analytical tools because of their nano-sized structure and dynamic nature. Several methods are usually combined to obtain reliable information, guiding the scientist in understanding their physical behavior. We felt that there is a need for a technique that complements those in use today in order to provide more information on the microemulsion behavior, mainly as a function of dilution with water. The improvement of NMR chemical shift measurements independent of bulk magnetization effects makes it possible to study the very weak intermolecular chemical shift effects. In the present study, we used NMR high resolution magic angle spinning to measure the chemical shift very accurately, free of bulk magnetization effects. The chemical shift of microemulsion components is measured as a function of the water content in order to validate the method in an interesting and promising, U-type dilutable microemulsion, which had been previously studied by a variety of techniques. Phase transition points of the microemulsion (O/W, bicontinuous, W/O) and changes in droplet shape were successfully detected using high-accuracy chemical shift measurements. We analyzed the results and found them to be compatible with the previous studies, paving the way for high-accuracy chemical shifts to be used for the study of other microemulsion systems. We detected two transition points along the water dilution line of the concentrate (reverse micelles) corresponding to the transition from swollen W/O nano-droplets to bicontinuous to the O/W droplets along with the changes in the droplets' sizes and shapes. The method seems to be in excellent agreement with other previously studied techniques and shows the advantage of this easy and valid technique.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel. Electronic address: royh63@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Roy E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel. Electronic address: Eliezer.darmon@mail.huji.ac.il.
authors.forename: Eliezer
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Darmon
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel. Electronic address: abraham.aserin@mail.huji.ac.il.
authors.forename: Abraham
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aserin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel. Electronic address: garti@mail.huji.ac.il.
authors.forename: Nissim
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Garti
keywords: Analytical chemistry; Chemical shift; Microemulsion; NMR