title: Visualizing a protein quake with time-resolved X-ray scattering at a free-electron laser.
abstract: We describe a method to measure ultrafast protein structural changes using time-resolved wide-angle X-ray scattering at an X-ray free-electron laser. We demonstrated this approach using multiphoton excitation of the Blastochloris viridis photosynthetic reaction center, observing an ultrafast global conformational change that arises within picoseconds and precedes the propagation of heat through the protein. This provides direct structural evidence for a 'protein quake': the hypothesis that proteins rapidly dissipate energy through quake-like structural motions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Arnlund
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Linda C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wickstrand
authors.affiliation: Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Anton
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barty
authors.affiliation: Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA.
authors.forename: Garth J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Malmerberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Davidsson
authors.affiliation: Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA.
authors.forename: Despina
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Milathianaki
authors.affiliation: 1] Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany. [2] Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: DePonte
authors.affiliation: 1] Max-Planck-Institut für medizinische Forschung, Heidelberg, Germany. [2] Max Planck Advanced Study Group, Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Shoeman
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Dingjie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: James
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Gergely
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Katona
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Westenhoff
authors.affiliation: Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: White
authors.affiliation: Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aquila
authors.affiliation: 1] Max Planck Advanced Study Group, Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Hamburg, Germany. [2] Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Sadia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bari
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Berntsen
authors.affiliation: PULSE Institute for Ultrafast Energy Science, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA.
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bogan
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Tim Brandt
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: van Driel
authors.affiliation: 1] Max-Planck-Institut für medizinische Forschung, Heidelberg, Germany. [2] Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: R Bruce
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Doak
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark. [2] Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Kasper Skov
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Kjær
authors.affiliation: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.identifier: 0000000252440791
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Raimund
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fromme
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Ingo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Grotjohann
authors.affiliation: BioCARS, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Henning
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Kirian
authors.affiliation: BioCARS, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Irina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kosheleva
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kupitz
authors.affiliation: Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Mengning
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Andrew V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Martin Meedom
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.affiliation: 1] Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany. [2] Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Messerschmidt
authors.affiliation: Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA.
authors.forename: M Marvin
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Seibert
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jennie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sjöhamn
authors.affiliation: Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Stellato
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Weierstall
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Nadia A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Zatsepin
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: John C H
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Spence
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fromme
authors.affiliation: 1] Max-Planck-Institut für medizinische Forschung, Heidelberg, Germany. [2] Max Planck Advanced Study Group, Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Ilme
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Schlichting
authors.affiliation: Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA.
authors.forename: Sébastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boutet
authors.affiliation: 1] Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland. [2] Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
authors.forename: Gerrit
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Groenhof
authors.affiliation: 1] Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany. [2] Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. [3] Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Henry N
authors.identifier: 0000000246551743
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Chapman
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Neutze
mesh_terms: D004735:Energy Transfer / Q000528:radiation effects*; D007834:Lasers; D052979:Phycobiliproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D011487:Protein Conformation / Q000528:radiation effects; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D053838:Scattering, Small Angle; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D052979:Phycobiliproteins
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