title: Antral follicle count in normal (fertility-proven) and infertile Indian women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Antral follicle count (AFC) has been labeled as the most accurate biomarker to assess female fecundity. Unfortunately, no baseline Indian data exists, and we continue using surrogate values from the Western literature (inferred from studies on women, grossly different than Indian women in morphology and genetic makeup).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  (1) To establish the role of AFC as a function of ovarian reserve in fertility-proven and in subfertile Indian women. (2) To establish baseline cut-off AFC values for Indian women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective observational case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty patients undergoing workup for infertility were included and compared to equal number of controls (women with proven fertility). The basal ovarian volume and AFC were measured by endovaginal. USG the relevant clinical data and hormonal assays were charted for every patient.
  
  
  METHODS
  SPSS platform was used to perform the Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney U-test for intergroup comparisons. Correlations were determined by Pearson's ranked correlation coefficient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Regression analysis revealed the highest correlation of AFC and age in fertile and infertile patients with difference in mean AFC of both the groups. Comparison of the data recorded for cases and controls showed no significant difference in the mean ovarian volume.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AFC has the closest association with chronological age in normal and infertile Indian women. The same is lower in infertile women than in matched controls. Baseline and cut-off values in Indian women are lower than that mentioned in the Western literature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Arjit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Ashish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Shubhra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Ram Chandra
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Shukla
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Madhu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Arvind
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Srivastava
keywords: Antral follicle count; infertility; ovarian reserve
references.citation: Fertil Steril. 1990 Oct;54(4):638-42
references.pmid: 2209884
references.citation: Hum Reprod. 1997 Feb;12(2):294-7
references.pmid: 9070714
references.citation: Hum Reprod. 2003 Oct;18(10):2169-74
references.pmid: 14507840
references.citation: Hum Reprod. 1992 Nov;7(10):1342-6
references.pmid: 1291557
references.citation: Hum Reprod. 2007 Jul;22(7):1925-31
references.pmid: 17437960
references.citation: Fertil Steril. 2002 Feb;77(2):328-36
references.pmid: 11821092
references.citation: Fertil Steril. 2009 Apr;91(4 Suppl):1595-7
references.pmid: 19100533
references.citation: BJOG. 2005 Oct;112(10):1384-90
references.pmid: 16167941
references.citation: Menopause. 2004 Nov-Dec;11(6 Pt 1):607-14
references.pmid: 15545788
references.citation: Fertil Steril. 1995 Jul;64(1):37-43
references.pmid: 7789578
references.citation: Hum Reprod. 2003 Apr;18(4):700-6
references.pmid: 12660259
references.citation: Fertil Steril. 1995 Dec;64(6):1167-71
references.pmid: 7589671
references.citation: Fertil Steril. 2011 May;95(6):1950-4, 1954.e1
references.pmid: 21376313
references.citation: Acta Anat (Basel). 1952;14(1-2):108-23
references.pmid: 14932631
references.citation: Hum Reprod. 1997 Feb;12(2):220-3
references.pmid: 9070699
references.citation: Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2009 Sep;146(1):30-6
references.pmid: 19487066
references.citation: Fertil Steril. 2011 Feb;95(2):474-9
references.pmid: 20434151
references.citation: Fertil Steril. 2011 Feb;95(2):663-6
references.pmid: 20869703
references.citation: Fertil Steril. 2008 Jun;89(6):1670-6
references.pmid: 17658520