title: Lower vitamin D levels are associated with increased risk of early-onset neonatal sepsis in term infants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of vitamin D levels on early-onset sepsis (EOS) in term infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty term infants with clinical and laboratory findings of EOS (study group) and 50 healthy infants with no signs of clinical/laboratory infection (control group) were enrolled. Blood was drawn at the time of admission during the first 3 postnatal days of life in both groups for measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Maternal and neonatal 25-OHD levels (22.2/8.6 ng ml(-1), respectively) in the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group (36.2/19 ng ml(-1), respectively, P<0.001). A positive correlation was detected between maternal and neonatal 25-OHD levels. Severe vitamin D deficiency was significantly more common in the sepsis group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lower maternal and neonatal 25-OHD levels are associated with EOS. These data suggest that adequate vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy may be helpful to prevent EOS in term neonates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cetinkaya
authors.affiliation: Gulhane Military Medical Faculty, Department of Neonatology, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cekmez
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Buyukkale
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Erener-Ercan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Demir
authors.affiliation: Gulhane Military Medical Faculty, Department of Neonatology, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tunc
authors.affiliation: Gulhane Military Medical Faculty, Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: F N
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Aydın
authors.affiliation: Gulhane Military Medical Faculty, Department of Neonatology, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aydemir
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007232:Infant, Newborn, Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications; D018805:Sepsis / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D
references.citation: Indian J Pediatr. 2008 Mar;75(3):261-6
references.pmid: 18376095
references.citation: Lancet. 1997 Jun 21;349(9068):1801-4
references.pmid: 9269215
references.citation: Lancet. 2005 Mar 5-11;365(9462):891-900
references.pmid: 15752534
references.citation: Curr Opin Pediatr. 2006 Apr;18(2):125-31
references.pmid: 16601490
references.citation: J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2013 Jul;136:313-20
references.pmid: 23314242
references.citation: Pediatrics. 2000 Jan;105(1 Pt 1):21-6
references.pmid: 10617699
references.citation: Pediatrics. 2011 Jan;127(1):e180-7
references.pmid: 21187313
references.citation: J Clin Invest. 2007 Mar;117(3):803-11
references.pmid: 17290304
references.citation: J Pediatr. 1979 Jul;95(1):89-98
references.pmid: 480023
references.citation: Calcif Tissue Int. 2013 Feb;92(2):128-39
references.pmid: 22623177
references.citation: Crit Care Med. 2011 Apr;39(4):671-7
references.pmid: 21242800
references.citation: World J Pediatr. 2010 May;6(2):185; author reply 185-6
references.pmid: 20490775
references.citation: J Pediatr. 1988 May;112(5):761-7
references.pmid: 3361389
references.citation: Science. 2006 Mar 24;311(5768):1770-3
references.pmid: 16497887
references.citation: Eur J Immunol. 2006 Feb;36(2):361-70
references.pmid: 16402404
references.citation: Turk J Pediatr. 2003 Oct-Dec;45(4):315-20
references.pmid: 14768796
references.citation: Pediatrics. 2012 Sep;130(3):429-36
references.pmid: 22869837
references.citation: Lancet. 2010 Jun 5;375(9730):1969-87
references.pmid: 20466419
references.citation: Pediatrics. 2014 May;133(5):e1277-84
references.pmid: 24753535
references.citation: J Immunol. 1991 Nov 1;147(9):3066-71
references.pmid: 1655903
references.citation: Dermatoendocrinol. 2012 Apr 1;4(2):101-8
references.pmid: 22928065
references.citation: Endocrinology. 1997 Jun;138(6):2241-8
references.pmid: 9165007
references.citation: Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Feb;208(2):137.e1-13
references.pmid: 23131462
references.citation: Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Dec;80(6 Suppl):1689S-96S
references.pmid: 15585789
references.citation: Dermatoendocrinol. 2011 Oct;3(4):220-9
references.pmid: 22259647
references.citation: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Jul;96(7):1911-30
references.pmid: 21646368
references.citation: Pediatrics. 2012 Sep;130(3):421-8
references.pmid: 22869836
references.citation: Int J Med Sci. 2007 Jul 10;4(4):190-5
references.pmid: 17657282
references.citation: Eur J Clin Nutr. 2009 Apr;63(4):473-7
references.pmid: 18030309
references.citation: Eur J Clin Nutr. 2004 Apr;58(4):563-7
references.pmid: 15042122
references.citation: J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2013 May;26(7):639-46
references.pmid: 23131172
references.citation: J Trop Pediatr. 2004 Dec;50(6):364-8
references.pmid: 15537725
references.citation: Pediatr Res. 2001 Dec;50(6):756-60
references.pmid: 11726736
references.citation: Pediatrics. 2011 Jun;127(6):e1513-20
references.pmid: 21555499
references.citation: Semin Perinatol. 2012 Dec;36(6):408-15
references.pmid: 23177799
references.citation: J Bone Miner Res. 2011 Oct;26(10):2341-57
references.pmid: 21706518
references.citation: Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2011 Dec;18(6):371-5
references.pmid: 21857221
references.citation: Pediatrics. 2011 May;127(5):817-26
references.pmid: 21518717
references.citation: J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2013 May;26(7):633-8
references.pmid: 23131182
references.citation: Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010 May;202(5):429.e1-9
references.pmid: 19846050
references.citation: Acta Paediatr. 2011 Sep;100(9):1195-9
references.pmid: 21672012
references.citation: Early Hum Dev. 2010 Feb;86(2):133
references.pmid: 20188500