title: Cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction induced by overexpression of miR-214 in vivo.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An increasing number of studies have demonstrated the critical role of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction. This study evaluated whether miR-214 plays a pivotal role in the development of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  In human tissues, miR-214 overexpression was determined to promote cardiac hypertrophy. We predicted miR-214 direct target by bioinformatics database and verifed it using luciferase dual reporting system. We silenced miR-214 using a specific antagomir in a pressure-overload mouse model of heart failure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analysis of transgenic mice with cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of miR-214 indicated that their hearts were 21% heavier than wild-type hearts and expressed several biochemical and functional markers consistent with dilated cardiomyopathy. These findings include enlarged left ventricular internal diameters, wall thinning, reduced ejection fraction, fractional shortening, and an increased fetal gene expression. The enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) was confirmed as a direct target of miR-214 in cardiomyocytes. In vivo silencing of miR-214 using a specific antagomir rescued cardiac EZH2 expression and prevented cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taken together, these results suggest that miR-214 may induce pathologic cardiac hypertrophy in part by reducing EZH2 messenger RNA levels. MiR-214 may therefore be a potential therapeutic target for treating certain cardiac disease states.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Haihua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xiaofan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Shaozhi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Hongfei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. Electronic address: fengqiang1088@126.com.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. Electronic address: 11118154@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yiming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ni
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics*; D000071221:Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics; D008156:Luciferases / Q000235:genetics; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000502:physiology*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000502:physiology; D063151:Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D014463:Ultrasonography; D018754:Ventricular Dysfunction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C547397:MIRN214 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs; C534781:Mirn214 microRNA, mouse; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D008156:Luciferases; C498409:EZH2 protein, human; D000071221:Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein; C498410:Ezh2 protein, mouse; D063151:Polycomb Repressive Complex 2
keywords: Cardiac hypertrophy; EZH2; Therapeutic target; Transgenic mouse; microRNA