title: Effects of chitosan on intestinal inflammation in weaned pigs challenged by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate whether supplementation with chitosan (COS) could reduce diarrhea and to explore how COS alleviates intestinal inflammation in weaned pigs. Thirty pigs (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire, initial BW of 5.65±0.27) weaned at age 21 d were challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli during a preliminary trial period, and then divided into three treatment groups. Pigs in individual pens were fed a corn-soybean meal diet, that contained either 0 (control), 50 mg/kg chlortetracycline, or 300 mg/kg COS for 21 days. The post-weaning diarrhea frequency, calprotectin levels and TLR4 protein expression were decreased (P<0.05) in both the COS and chlortetracycline groups compared with control. Simultaneously, supplemental COS and chlortetracycline had no effect on the mRNA expression of TNF-α in the jejunal mucosa, or on the concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in serum. However, COS supplementation improved (P<0.05) the mRNA expression of IL-1β and IL-6 in the jejunal mucosa. The results indicate that supplementation with COS at 300 mg/kg was effective for alleviating intestinal inflammation and enhancing the cell-mediated immune response. As feed additives, chitosan and chlortetracycline may influence different mechanisms for alleviating inflammation in piglets.
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Dingfu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Research and Development Center, Twins Group Co., Ltd, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: Yongfei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Hunan Engineering and Research Center of Animal and Poultry Science and Key Laboratory for Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Hunan New Wellful Co., LTD, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Xionggui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Research and Development Center, Twins Group Co., Ltd, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: Zemeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Maoliang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ran
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
authors.forename: Charles M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Nyachoti
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America.
authors.forename: Sung Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Zhiru
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Hunan Engineering and Research Center of Animal and Poultry Science and Key Laboratory for Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Yulong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D048271:Chitosan / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000662:veterinary; D054307:Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000472:pathogenicity; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary; D007422:Intestines / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D039841:Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex; D013552:Swine; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014886:Weaning
chemical_list: D039841:Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D048271:Chitosan
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