title: Food antigen-induced immune responses in Crohn's disease patients and experimental colitis mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In Crohn's disease (CD), the involvement of food antigens in immune responses remains unclear. The objective of this study was to detect immune responses against food antigens in CD patients and examine the mechanism in a mouse model of colitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 98 CD patients, 50 ulcerative colitis patients, and 52 healthy controls (HCs) to compare the levels of serum immunoglobulin (Ig)Gs against 88 foods. The presence of serum IgGs against foods was also examined in interleukin (IL)-10 knockout (KO) mice in which CD4(+) T cell activation by antigenic food protein was assessed. Mice transferred with IL-10 KO cells received diets with or without food antigens, and the development of colitis was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of IgGs against various foods, especially vegetables, grains, and nuts, was significantly higher in CD patients than in HCs. Similarly, the prevalence of IgGs against food proteins was higher in IL-10 KO mice than in BALB/c mice. Beta-conglycinin, identified as an antigenic food proteins in IL-10 KO mice, induced CD4(+) T cell production of interferon-γ and IL-17 through dendritic cell antigen presentation. Elimination of the food antigens ameliorated the development of colitis in mice without altering the composition of their intestinal microbiota.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In CD colitis mice, intestinal inflammation via CD4(+) T cell hyperactivation was induced by food antigens associated with high serum IgG levels and was ameliorated by the elimination of food antigens. This disrupted immunological tolerance to food antigen, which might act as an exacerbating factor, remains to be elucidated in CD patients.
authors.affiliation: IBD Center, Tokyo Yamate Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan, kawaguchitakaaki@yahoo.co.jp.
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: Maiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Yasuyo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suga
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Minako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sako
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.forename: Michihide
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uo
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Danjo
authors.forename: Yuka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ikenoue
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oomura
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shinozaki
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mitsui
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kajiura
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Masakazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takazoe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003092:Colitis / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000276:immunology; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008875:Middle Aged; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; C556062:IL10 protein, mouse; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D016753:Interleukin-10
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