title: Association between subclinical hypothyroidism and diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) has been associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, it is unknown whether common complications of type 2 diabetes, such as diabetic nephropathy, are also present with SCH. Here, we investigated the association between SCH and diabetic nephropathy among Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this multicenter cross-sectional study, we recruited 414 such patients who had no previous history of thyroid disease. Serum thyroid hormone levels and the urinary albumin:creatinine ratio were measured. SCH was defined as an elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level (>4.0 mIU/L), and diabetic nephropathy was defined as urinary albumin/creatinine ratio ≥300 mg/g. The prevalence of SCH was 8.7% (n = 36) among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The SCH group had a higher prevalence of dyslipidemia (p = 0.008) and diabetic nephropathy (p = 0.014) than the euthyroid group. Multivariate analysis identified significant positive associations between diabetic nephropathy and SCH (odds ratio [OR], 3.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-10.0; p = 0.034), hypertension (OR, 4.56; 95% CI, 1.69-14.7; p = 0.001), and smoking (OR, 3.02; 95% CI, 1.14-7.91; p = 0.026). SCH may be independently associated with diabetic nephropathy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon 791-0295, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Todo
authors.forename: Kotatsu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: Teruki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyake
authors.forename: Teruhisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Tetsuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Niiya
authors.forename: Takatoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Senba
authors.forename: Masamoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Torisu
authors.forename: Teru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kumagi
authors.forename: Syozo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyauchi
authors.forename: Takenori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: Hisaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Minami
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyaoka
authors.forename: Bunzo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Matsuura
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hiasa
authors.forename: Morikazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Onji
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanigawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D013972:Thyrotropin