title: Penicillium strains isolated from Slovak grape berries taxonomy assessment by secondary metabolite profile.
abstract: The secondary metabolite profiles of microfungi of the genus Penicillium isolated from samples of grape berries collected in two different phases during two vegetative seasons in Slovakia is described to assess the taxonomy. Three Slovak vine regions have been selected for this study, based on their climatic differences and national economic importance. Cultures of microfungi isolated from berries were incubated on different selective media for macro and micromorphology identification. The species Penicillium brevicompactum, Penicillium crustosum, Penicillium chrysogenum, Penicillium expansum, Penicillium palitans and Penicillium polonicum were identified according to growth and morphology. The related strains were found to produce a broad spectrum of fungal metabolites, including roquefortine C, chaetoglobosin A, penitrem A, cyclopeptin, cyclopenin, viridicatin, methylviridicatin, verrucofortine, secalonic acid D, cyclopiazonic acid, fumigaclavine and mycophenolic acid. Chemotaxonomy was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry (MS). Dried grape berries were also analyzed allowing to assess the presence of patulin, roquefortine C and penicillic acid; this last one has been identified in dried berries but not in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy, asantini@unina.it.
authors.forename: Antonello
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Santini
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mikušová
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sulyok
authors.forename: Rudolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Krska
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Labuda
authors.forename: Antónia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Srobárová
mesh_terms: D001688:Biological Products / Q000032:analysis*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005638:Fruit / Q000382:microbiology*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D010407:Penicillium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018154:Slovakia; D027843:Vitis / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D001688:Biological Products
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