title: Accumulation of cadmium in and its effect on the midgut gland of terrestrial snail Helix pomatia L. from urban areas in Poland.
abstract: The objectives of this study were (1) to determine cadmium (Cd) accumulation in the midgut gland of a land snail Helix pomatia L. inhabiting residential areas of the 14 largest cities in Poland, and (2) to examine whether the accumulated Cd exerted any toxic effects. The average accumulation of Cd in the midgut gland of snails, weighing 16-18 g, ranged from 7.00 to 87.3 µg/g dry weight (0.06-0.77 µmol/g) and differed significantly among animals from the various urban areas. This difference in Cd accumulation was not related to city population, but was associated with the topsoil Cd (R(2) = 0.868, p < 0.0001). The tissue Cd was not found to produce toxicity (histopathology, programmed cell death, lipofuscin formation or lipid peroxidation), probably due to the induction of sufficiently high quantities of metallothionein and glutathione, well-known protective molecules.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biology, University of Białystok, Świerkowa 20B, 15-950, Białystok, Poland, twlostow@uwb.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Tadeusz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Włostowski
authors.forename: Paweł
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kozłowski
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Laszkiewicz-Tiszczenko
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Oleńska
authors.forename: Olgierd
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Aleksandrowicz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002947:Cities; D004064:Digestive System / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D054750:Ecotoxicology; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006372:Helix, Snails / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000378:metabolism; D011044:Poland; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D012987:Soil; D002104:Cadmium; D008668:Metallothionein; D005978:Glutathione
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