title: Task specificity of attention training: the case of probability cuing.
abstract: Statistical regularities in our environment enhance perception and modulate the allocation of spatial attention. Surprisingly little is known about how learning-induced changes in spatial attention transfer across tasks. In this study, we investigated whether a spatial attentional bias learned in one task transfers to another. Most of the experiments began with a training phase in which a search target was more likely to be located in one quadrant of the screen than in the other quadrants. An attentional bias toward the high-probability quadrant developed during training (probability cuing). In a subsequent, testing phase, the target's location distribution became random. In addition, the training and testing phases were based on different tasks. Probability cuing did not transfer between visual search and a foraging-like task. However, it did transfer between various types of visual search tasks that differed in stimuli and difficulty. These data suggest that different visual search tasks share a common and transferrable learned attentional bias. However, this bias is not shared by high-level, decision-making tasks such as foraging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, S251 Elliott Hall, 75 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA, jiang166@umn.edu.
authors.forename: Yuhong V
authors.initials: YV
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Khena M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Swallow
authors.forename: Bo-Yeong
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Won
authors.forename: Julia D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Cistera
authors.forename: Gail M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Rosenbaum
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D003463:Cues; D003657:Decision Making / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D009949:Orientation / Q000502:physiology; D011336:Probability; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D013028:Space Perception / Q000502:physiology; D065853:Spatial Learning / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
references.citation: J Exp Anal Behav. 1974 Jul;22(1):231-42
references.pmid: 16811782
references.citation: Nat Rev Neurosci. 2001 Mar;2(3):194-203
references.pmid: 11256080
references.citation: Atten Percept Psychophys. 2013 Jul;75(5):888-99
references.pmid: 23572204
references.citation: Psychol Sci. 2002 Nov;13(6):520-5
references.pmid: 12430835
references.citation: Cogn Psychol. 2011 Sep;63(2):93-106
references.pmid: 21762650
references.citation: J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2006 Oct;32(5):1294-301
references.pmid: 17002538
references.citation: J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2007 Aug;33(4):798-815
references.pmid: 17683229
references.citation: Nature. 2010 Jun 10;465(7299):775-8
references.pmid: 20407435
references.citation: J Vis. 2013 May 28;13(6):13
references.pmid: 23716120
references.citation: J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2001 Sep;27(5):1299-313
references.pmid: 11550756
references.citation: J Exp Psychol. 1960 Feb;59:109-12
references.pmid: 14425944
references.citation: J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2014 Jan;40(1):233-50
references.pmid: 23937234
references.citation: J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2013 Feb;39(1):87-99
references.pmid: 22428675
references.citation: J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2013 Feb;39(1):285-97
references.pmid: 22506784
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 13;105(19):6829-33
references.pmid: 18443283
references.citation: J Vis. 2010 May 01;10(5):20
references.pmid: 20616131
references.citation: Annu Rev Neurosci. 1995;18:193-222
references.pmid: 7605061
references.citation: Front Psychol. 2010 Aug 10;1:40
references.pmid: 21833209
references.citation: J Vis. 2013 Nov 08;13(13):9
references.pmid: 24213597
references.citation: Psychon Bull Rev. 2008 Feb;15(1):116-22
references.pmid: 18605490
references.citation: Annu Rev Neurosci. 2010;33:1-21
references.pmid: 20192813
references.citation: Psychol Sci. 2013 May;24(5):667-77
references.pmid: 23558552
references.citation: Cogn Psychol. 1998 Jun;36(1):28-71
references.pmid: 9679076
references.citation: J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1988 Aug;14(3):453-71
references.pmid: 2971773
references.citation: Trends Cogn Sci. 2012 Dec;16(12):576-9
references.pmid: 23141429
references.citation: Curr Biol. 2010 Sep 14;20(17):1573-9
references.pmid: 20833324
references.citation: Psychol Sci. 2001 Nov;12(6):499-504
references.pmid: 11760138
references.citation: Nebr Symp Motiv. 2012;59:117-46
references.pmid: 23437632
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Jun 21;108(25):10081-6
references.pmid: 21670271
references.citation: Annu Rev Psychol. 2011;62:73-101
references.pmid: 19575619
references.citation: Q J Exp Psychol A. 1988 May;40(2):201-37
references.pmid: 3406448
references.citation: Behav Anal. 1983 Spring;6(1):57-76
references.pmid: 22478577
references.citation: J Exp Anal Behav. 1974 Jan;21(1):159-64
references.pmid: 16811728
references.citation: Spat Vis. 1997;10(4):437-42
references.pmid: 9176953
references.citation: J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1992 Feb;18(1):34-49
references.pmid: 1532193
references.citation: Trends Cogn Sci. 2006 Aug;10(8):382-90
references.pmid: 16843702
references.citation: PLoS One. 2013 May 22;8(5):e63614
references.pmid: 23717453
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Feb 19;105(7):2745-50
references.pmid: 18268353
references.citation: J Cogn Neurosci. 2003 Nov 15;15(8):1095-110
references.pmid: 14709229
references.citation: Trends Cogn Sci. 2010 Apr;14(4):172-9
references.pmid: 20171926
references.citation: J Exp Psychol Gen. 2005 Nov;134(4):521-37
references.pmid: 16316289
references.citation: Q J Exp Psychol A. 1997 Feb;50(1):1-24
references.pmid: 9080787
references.citation: Science. 1996 Dec 13;274(5294):1926-8
references.pmid: 8943209
references.citation: Trends Cogn Sci. 2000 May;4(5):170-178
references.pmid: 10782102
references.citation: J Exp Psychol Gen. 2005 Nov;134(4):552-64
references.pmid: 16316291
references.citation: Neuron. 1999 Aug;23(4):747-64
references.pmid: 10482241
references.citation: Percept Psychophys. 2005 Oct;67(7):1252-68
references.pmid: 16502846
references.citation: Cognition. 2013 Mar;126(3):378-90
references.pmid: 23287419
references.citation: J Exp Psychol Gen. 2013 May;142(2):359-79
references.pmid: 22708717
references.citation: Spat Vis. 1997;10(4):433-6
references.pmid: 9176952
references.citation: PLoS One. 2008 May 21;3(5):e2228
references.pmid: 18493599
references.citation: Psychol Sci. 2011 Sep;22(9):1212-9
references.pmid: 21852450
references.citation: Psychol Rev. 2002 Apr;109(2):376-400
references.pmid: 11990323
references.citation: Trends Cogn Sci. 2012 Aug;16(8):437-43
references.pmid: 22795563
references.citation: Nature. 2013 Sep 5;501(7465):97-101
references.pmid: 24005416
references.citation: Nature. 2003 May 29;423(6939):534-7
references.pmid: 12774121
references.citation: Sci Rep. 2013;3:1154
references.pmid: 23378899
references.citation: J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2007 Aug;33(4):816-28
references.pmid: 17683230
references.citation: Annu Rev Psychol. 1997;48:269-97
references.pmid: 9046562
references.citation: Front Hum Neurosci. 2010 Aug 06;4:
references.pmid: 20740078
references.citation: J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2014 Jun;40(3):1161-73
references.pmid: 24512610
references.citation: Percept Psychophys. 2005 Oct;67(7):1128-39
references.pmid: 16502835