title: Trends in discovery of new drugs for tuberculosis therapy.
abstract: After the introduction of isoniazid and rifampicin, the second one discovered in the Lepetit Research Laboratories (Milan, Italy), under the supervision of Professor Piero Sensi, tuberculosis (TB) was considered an illness of the past. Unfortunately, this infectious disease is still a global health fear, due to the multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis and extensively circulating drug-resistant strains, as well as the unrecognized TB transmission, especially in regions with high HIV incidence. In the last few years, new antitubercular molecules appeared on the horizon both in preclinical and clinical stage of evaluation. In this review, we focus on a few of them and on their mechanism of action. Two new promising drug targets, DprE1 and MmpL3, are also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Lazzaro Spallanzani', University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Riccardi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Lazzaro Spallanzani', University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Rosalia
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Pasca
mesh_terms: D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000818:Animals; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D055808:Drug Discovery; D054908:Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000494:pharmacology; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D012293:Rifampin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; C583625:DprE1 protein, Mycobacterium tuberculosis; D007538:Isoniazid; D012293:Rifampin