title: Myelitis and optic neuritis induced by a long course of etanercept in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: A 64-year-old woman presented with an acute onset of myelitis and optic neuritis after 47 months of etanercept use for rheumatoid arthritis. Etanercept was discontinued and pulse methylprednisolone therapy (1000 mg/day for 3 days) was started, followed by a quick and complete resolution. Demyelination associated with antitumor necrosis factor agents, reported to develop mostly from 1 week to 12 months after the initiation of the agents, could develop after a few years and thus warrants vigilant monitoring.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Waka
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Miyasaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kohsaka
mesh_terms: D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D000068800:Etanercept; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D009187:Myelitis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D009902:Optic Neuritis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000068800:Etanercept
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