title: HIV and maternal mortality.
abstract: The majority of the 17 million women globally that are estimated to be infected with HIV live in Sub-Saharan Africa. Worldwide, HIV-related causes contributed to 19 000-56 000 maternal deaths in 2011 (6%-20% of maternal deaths). HIV-infected pregnant women have two to 10 times the risk of dying during pregnancy and the postpartum period compared with uninfected pregnant women. Many of these deaths can be prevented with the implementation of high-quality obstetric care, prevention and treatment of common co-infections, and treatment of HIV with ART. The paper summarizes what is known about HIV disease progression in pregnancy, specific causes of HIV-related maternal deaths, and the potential impact of treatment with antiretroviral therapy on maternal mortality. Recommendations are proposed for improving maternal health and decreasing maternal mortality among HIV-infected women based on existing evidence.
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. Electronic address: elathro@emory.edu.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lathrop
authors.affiliation: Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Denise J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Jamieson
authors.affiliation: Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Isabella
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Danel
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000401:mortality; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017954:Africa South of the Sahara / Q000453:epidemiology; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality*; D006801:Humans; D008428:Maternal Mortality; D008875:Middle Aged; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality*; D011314:Preventive Health Services; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents
keywords: HIV; Maternal mortality; Pregnancy; Sub-Saharan Africa
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