title: Spatial patterns of neuronal activity in rat cerebral cortex during non-rapid eye movement sleep.
abstract: It is commonly assumed that cortical activity in non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS) is spatially homogeneous on the mesoscopic scale. This is partly due to the limited observational scope of common metabolic or imaging methods in sleep. We used the recently developed technique of thallium-autometallography (TlAMG) to visualize mesoscopic patterns of activity in the sleeping cortex with single-cell resolution. We intravenously injected rats with the lipophilic chelate complex thallium diethyldithiocarbamate (TlDDC) during spontaneously occurring periods of NREMS and mapped the patterns of neuronal uptake of the potassium (K+) probe thallium (Tl+). Using this method, we show that cortical activity patterns are not spatially homogeneous during discrete 5-min episodes of NREMS in unrestrained rats-rather, they are complex and spatially diverse. Along with a relative predominance of infragranular layer activation, we find pronounced differences in metabolic activity of neighboring neuronal assemblies, an observation which lends support to the emerging paradigm that sleep is a distributed process with regulation on the local scale.
authors.affiliation: Department Systems Physiology of Learning, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Brenneckestraße 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany. tim.wanger@lin-magdeburg.de.
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wanger
authors.affiliation: Department Systems Physiology of Learning, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Brenneckestraße 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Wolfram
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wetzel
authors.affiliation: Emeritus Group Lifelong Learning, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Brenneckestraße 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Henning
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Scheich
authors.affiliation: Department Systems Physiology of Learning, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Brenneckestraße 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany.|Otto-von-Guericke University, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany.|Center for Behavioral Brain Science (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Frank W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Ohl
authors.affiliation: Department Systems Physiology of Learning, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Brenneckestraße 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany.|Otto-von-Guericke University, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Goldschmidt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D000069280:Electrocorticography; D004576:Electromyography; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012894:Sleep Stages; D013793:Thallium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D013793:Thallium
keywords: Cortical columns; Infragranular layers; Laminar microcircuits; Slow-wave sleep; Thallium-autometallography
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