title: Characterisation of major histocompatibility complex class I in the Australian cane toad, Rhinella marina.
abstract: The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I is a highly variable gene family that encodes cell-surface receptors vital for recognition of intracellular pathogens and initiation of immune responses. The MHC class I has yet to be characterised in bufonid toads (Order: Anura; Suborder: Neobatrachia; Family: Bufonidae), a large and diverse family of anurans. Here we describe the characterisation of a classical MHC class I gene in the Australian cane toad, Rhinella marina. From 25 individuals sampled from the Australian population, we found only 3 alleles at this classical class I locus. We also found large number of class I alpha 1 alleles, implying an expansion of class I loci in this species. The low classical class I genetic diversity is likely the result of repeated bottleneck events, which arose as a result of the cane toad's complex history of introductions as a biocontrol agent and its subsequent invasion across Australia.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Mette
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lillie
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shine
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Belov
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001315:Australia; D002024:Bufo marinus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D005805:Genes, MHC Class I; D008285:Major Histocompatibility Complex / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014982:Xenopus laevis
references.citation: Proc Biol Sci. 1998 May 7;265(1398):769-77
references.pmid: 9628036
references.citation: PLoS One. 2009;4(2):e4616
references.pmid: 19240796
references.citation: J Immunol. 2006 Mar 15;176(6):3674-85
references.pmid: 16517736
references.citation: BMC Evol Biol. 2006 Mar 24;6:29
references.pmid: 16563161
references.citation: Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2011 Sep;31(3):507-10
references.pmid: 21718785
references.citation: Immunity. 1997 Dec;7(6):777-90
references.pmid: 9430223
references.citation: Curr Opin Immunol. 1999 Feb;11(1):100-8
references.pmid: 10047540
references.citation: Heredity (Edinb). 2006 Jan;96(1):7-21
references.pmid: 16094301
references.citation: Mol Biol Evol. 2011 Oct;28(10):2731-9
references.pmid: 21546353
references.citation: Adv Immunol. 2000;76:1-60
references.pmid: 11079097
references.citation: Immunogenetics. 2002 Nov;54(8):570-81
references.pmid: 12439620
references.citation: Mol Ecol. 2008 Oct;17(20):4418-24
references.pmid: 18803593
references.citation: EMBO J. 1993 Nov;12(11):4385-96
references.pmid: 8223448
references.citation: Immunogenetics. 2011 Aug;63(8):531-42
references.pmid: 21559782
references.citation: J Mol Biol. 1990 Oct 5;215(3):403-10
references.pmid: 2231712
references.citation: Parasitology. 2009 Jul;136(8):919-27
references.pmid: 19523249
references.citation: Heredity (Edinb). 2012 Sep;109(3):146-55
references.pmid: 22549517
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Jan 15;88(2):537-41
references.pmid: 1703301
references.citation: Ecol Evol. 2011 Oct;1(2):145-59
references.pmid: 22393491
references.citation: Ecology. 2010 Mar;91(3):872-81
references.pmid: 20426344
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Nov 6;104(45):17698-700
references.pmid: 17951431
references.citation: J Immunol. 1993 Nov 15;151(10):5376-86
references.pmid: 8228232
references.citation: J Immunol. 2011 Jan 1;186(1):372-81
references.pmid: 21115732
references.citation: Immunogenetics. 2004 Mar;55(12):855-65
references.pmid: 14963619
references.citation: J Immunol. 1998 Mar 15;160(6):2853-61
references.pmid: 9510188
references.citation: Proc Biol Sci. 2007 Jun 7;274(1616):1413-9
references.pmid: 17389221
references.citation: J Immunol. 1999 Oct 1;163(7):3826-33
references.pmid: 10490981
references.citation: Annu Rev Genet. 2005;39:121-52
references.pmid: 16285855
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Jan 16;104(3):887-92
references.pmid: 17213318
references.citation: Trends Ecol Evol. 1998 Aug 1;13(8):305-11
references.pmid: 21238318
references.citation: Nature. 1987 Oct 8-14;329(6139):512-8
references.pmid: 2443855