title: Nonopioid analgesics for postoperative pain management.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Postoperative pain remains poorly treated in many patients. One reason is the inadequate use of nonopioid analgesics. This review examines the most recent findings on nonopioid analgesics and how these translate into clinical practice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Commonly used nonopioid analgesics are paracetamol, NSAIDs and metamizol (dipyrone). For paracetamol, the efficacy is obviously inferior to NSAIDs and the risk of adverse events might have been underestimated in the past. For NSAIDs, there are increasing data supporting similar efficacy of nonselective and cyclooxygenase-2 selective NSAIDs, although the adverse effects of the latter might make them the preferred option for short-term use in the perioperative setting. Metamizol (dipyrone) is a very effective nonopioid analgesic not worldwide available; the discussion on the relevance of the very rare adverse event agranulocytosis continues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nonopioid analgesics are important components of multimodal postoperative analgesia. The selection of the most appropriate compound for an individual patient can be based more and more on ever increasing data on these important analgesics.
authors.affiliation: aClinic of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, Muenster, Germany bDepartment of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital cSchool of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pogatzki-Zahn
authors.forename: Chandani
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chandrasena
authors.forename: Stephan A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Schug
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004177:Dipyrone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000082:Acetaminophen; D004177:Dipyrone