title: Objective optical quality and intraocular scattering in myopic adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate objective optical quality and intraocular scattering in adults with myopia.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a cross-sectional study. Patients between 18 and 40 years of age were recruited from those undergoing routine preoperative examinations prior to myopic refractive surgery. The spherical equivalent refraction (SE) ranged from -14.25 to -0.63 diopters (D). Right eyes of 274 subjects were included for factor analyses: 25 eyes were super-high myopia (SE < -9 D), 88 eyes were high myopia (-6 D > SE ≥ -9 D),133 eyes were moderate myopia (-3 D > SE ≥ -6 D), and 28 eyes were low myopia (SE ≥ -3 D). A double-pass system was used to measure the modulation transfer function cutoff frequency (MTFcutoff) and objective scatter index (OSI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean MTFcutoff was 32.38 ± 9.73 and 27.61 ± 8.11 cycles per degree (cyc/deg) in the high and super-high myopia groups, significantly lower than 39.92 ± 10.53 and 37.39 ± 8.74 cyc/deg in the low and moderate groups (P < 0.01). Mean OSI was 0.89 ± 0.61 and 1.33 ± 0.65 in the high and super-high myopia groups, significantly higher than in the low and moderate groups, 0.50 ± 0.39 and 0.57 ± 0.44 (P < 0.01). No significant difference was found between the low myopia and the moderate myopia group in any of the parameters (P > 0.05). Other factors such as eye side, sex, and age did not significantly affect optical quality parameters or OSI in this study population (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Optical quality and intraocular scattering varied among individuals with myopia. High myopia has more influence on retinal image quality and scattering than moderate and low myopia. Our study also helps to establish MTFcutoff and OSI standards for Chinese refractive surgery candidates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Myopia Key Laboratory of the Health Ministry, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Huamao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Myopia Key Laboratory of the Health Ministry, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Mi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Myopia Key Laboratory of the Health Ministry, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Myopia Key Laboratory of the Health Ministry, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Myopia Key Laboratory of the Health Ministry, Shanghai, People's Republic of China Institute of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaofen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Myopia Key Laboratory of the Health Ministry, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xingtao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009216:Myopia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D057234:Preoperative Period; D012029:Refraction, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: high myopia; intraocular scattering; modulation transfer function; optical quality; refractive surgery