title: Endothelial cell oxidative stress in diabetes: a key driver of cardiovascular complications?
abstract: Atherothrombotic disease is a well-recognized complication of diabetes and is a major contributor to the high morbidity and mortality associated with diabetes. Although there is substantial evidence linking diabetes with cardiovascular disease, the specific effect of hyper- (or hypo-) glycaemia is less well understood. The present review focuses on the impact that glycaemic dysregulation has on respiratory function and ROS (reactive oxygen species) generation in the endothelial cells that are critical in preventing several key steps in the atherothrombotic process. Endothelial cells are particularly susceptible to ROS-mediated dysfunction not only because of reduced cell viability and increased senescence, but also because one of the major endothelium-derived factors that help to protect against atherosclerosis, nitric oxide, is rapidly deactivated by superoxide radicals.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Diabetes and Cardiovascular Science, University of the Highlands and Islands, Inverness IV2 3JH, U.K.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.affiliation: *Department of Diabetes and Cardiovascular Science, University of the Highlands and Islands, Inverness IV2 3JH, U.K.
authors.forename: Mary K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Doherty
authors.affiliation: †School of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, U.K.
authors.forename: Nicola J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Mutch
authors.affiliation: *Department of Diabetes and Cardiovascular Science, University of the Highlands and Islands, Inverness IV2 3JH, U.K.
authors.forename: Sandra M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: MacRury
authors.affiliation: *Department of Diabetes and Cardiovascular Science, University of the Highlands and Islands, Inverness IV2 3JH, U.K.
authors.forename: Ian L
authors.initials: IL
authors.lastname: Megson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D016922:Cellular Senescence / Q000502:physiology; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species