title: Immune recovery uveitis: pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, and treatment.
abstract: IRU is the most common form of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV-infected patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis who are receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Among patients with CMV in the HAART era, immune recovery may be associated with a greater number of inflammatory complications, including macular edema and epiretinal membrane formation. Given the range of ocular manifestations of HIV, routine ocular examinations and screening for visual loss are recommended in patients with CD4 counts <50 cells/μL. With the increasing longevity of these patients due to the use of HAART, treatment of IRU may become an issue in the future. The aim of this paper is to review the current literature concerning immune recovery uveitis. The definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical findings, complications, diagnosis, and treatment are presented.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok University Children's Hospital, Waszyngtona Street 17, 15-274 Białystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Urban
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok University Children's Hospital, Waszyngtona Street 17, 15-274 Białystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Alina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bakunowicz-Łazarczyk
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Białystok University Children's Hospital, Waszyngtona Street 17, 15-274 Białystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Michalczuk
mesh_terms: D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D014605:Uveitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*
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