title: Characterization of maize B-chromosome-related transcripts isolated via cDNA-AFLP.
abstract: The maize B-chromosome consists mainly of heterochromatin and is considered to be genetically inert. However, the B-chromosome contains euchromatin that carries control elements that direct its behaviors during cell division, such as nondisjunction during the second pollen mitosis. To determine the transcriptional activity of the B-chromosome, complementary DNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis was applied to five inbred maize lines with and without B-chromosomes. Six putative B-chromosome-related transcripts were identified, four of which were cloned and characterized via Southern hybridization, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and sequence comparison to further confirm their B-chromosome origin. All the analyzed B-chromosome-related transcript sequences were repetitive and showed homology to A-chromosomes. Quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction revealed that the B-chromosome-specific transcribed sequences B3547-179 and B3849-212 were transcribed in a B-chromosome-dosage-dependent manner. Expression of B3849-189 and B3849-147 was not specific to the B-chromosome; however, the former showed a transcriptional pattern with B-chromosome dosage compensation, and the latter displayed down-regulation of transcription due to higher B-chromosome numbers. Using four B-10L translocations, B3849-212 was mapped to the B-chromosome region that contains the nondisjunction control elements of the B-chromosome. Taken together, our results suggested that the maize B-chromosome harbors few transcriptionally active sequences and might influence the transcription of A-chromosomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Huan-Zhi
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Wei-De
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chien-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Shu-Fen
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Ya-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D054458:Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis; D032461:Chromosomes, Plant; D004303:Dosage Compensation, Genetic; D022041:Euchromatin / Q000378:metabolism*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D003313:Zea mays / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D022041:Euchromatin
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