title: Genotypic and environmental variation in cadmium, chromium, lead and copper in rice and approaches for reducing the accumulation.
abstract: The field scale trials revealed significant genotypic and environmental differences in grain heavy metal (HM) concentrations of 158 newly developed rice varieties grown in twelve locations of Zhejiang province of China. Grain Pb and Cd contents in 5.3% and 0.4% samples, respectively, were above the maximum permissible concentration (MPC); none of samples had Cr/Cu exceeding MPC. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis estimated soil HM critical levels for safe rice production. Low grain HM accumulation cultivars such as Xiushui817, Jiayou08-1 and Chunyou689 were recommended as suitable cultivars for planting in slight/medium HM contaminated soils. The alleviating regulator (AR) of (NH₄)₂SO₄ as N fertilizer coupled with foliar spray of a mixture containing glutathione (GSH), Si, Zn and Se significantly decreased grain Cd, Cr, Cu and Pb concentrations grown in HM contaminated fields with no effect on yield, indicating a promising measurement for further reducing grain HM content to guarantee safe food production.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Crop Science, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
authors.forename: Fangbin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Crop Science, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
authors.forename: Runfeng
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiaxing 314016, PR China.
authors.forename: Wangda
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Crop Science, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
authors.forename: Fanrong
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Crop Science, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
authors.forename: Imrul Mosaddek
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.affiliation: Institute of Crop Science, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
authors.forename: Xinna
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Crop Science, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
authors.forename: Guoping
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Crop Science, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China. Electronic address: wufeibo@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Feibo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis; D002681:China; D002857:Chromium / Q000032:analysis; D003300:Copper / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis*; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002104:Cadmium; D002857:Chromium; D007854:Lead; D003300:Copper
keywords: Alleviation practice; Cultivar; Heavy metal (HM); Quality; Rice