title: A public health threat in Hungary: obesity, 2013.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In Hungary, the last wide-range evaluation about nutritional status of the population was completed in 1988. Since then, only limited data were available. Our aim was to collect, analyze and present updated prevalence data.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anthropometric, educational and morbidity data of persons above 18 y were registered in all geographical regions of Hungary, at primary care encounters and within community settings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data (BMI, waist circumference, educational level) of 40,331 individuals (16,544 men, 23,787 women) were analyzed. Overall prevalence for overweight was 40.4% among men, 31.3% among women, while for obesity 32.0% and 31.5%, respectively. Abdominal obesity was 37.1% in males, 60.9% in females. Among men, the prevalence of overweight-obesity was: under 35 y = 32.5%-16.2%, between 35-60 y = 40.6%-34.7%, over 60 y = 44.3%-36.7%. Among women, in the same age categories were: 17.8%-13.8%, 29.7%-29.0%, and 36.9%-39.0%. Data were presented according to age by decades as well. The highest odds ratio of overweight (OR: 1.079; 95% CI [1.026-1.135]) was registered by middle educational level, the lowest odds ratio of obesity (OR: 0.500; 95% CI [0.463-0.539]) by the highest educational level. The highest proportion of obese people lived in villages (35.4%) and in Budapest (28.9%). Distribution of overweighed persons were: Budapest (37.1%), other cities (35.8%), villages (33.8%). Registered metabolic morbidities were strongly correlated with BMIs and both were inversely related to the level of urbanization. Over the previous decades, there has been a shift in the distribution of population toward being overweight and moreover obese, it was most prominent among males, mainly in younger generation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Evaluation covered 0.53% of the total population over 18 y and could be very close to the proper national representativeness. The threat of obesity and related morbidities require higher public awareness and interventions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Móricz Zs, krt,22, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary. Rurik.Imre@sph.unideb.hu.
authors.forename: Imre
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rurik
authors.forename: Péter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Torzsa
authors.forename: Judit
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szidor
authors.forename: Csaba
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Móczár
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Iski
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Albók
authors.forename: Tímea
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ungvári
authors.forename: Zoltán
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jancsó
authors.forename: János
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sándor
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000886:Anthropometry; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006814:Hungary / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D015995:Prevalence; D011634:Public Health; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
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