title: [Pneumococcal vaccine recommendations in chronic respiratory diseases].
abstract: Community-acquired pneumonia is an acute respiratory infectious disease which has an incidence of 3-8 cases/1,000 inhabitants, and increases with age and comorbidities. The pneumococcus is the organism most frequently involved in community-acquired pneumonia in the adult (30-35%). Around 40% of patients with community-acquired pneumonia require hospital admission, and around 10% need to be admitted to an intensive care unit. The most serious forms of pneumococcal infection include invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), which covers cases of bacteremia (associated or not to pneumonia), meningitis, pleuritis, arthritis, primary peritonitis and pericarditis. Currently, the biggest problem with the pneumococcus is the emergence of resistance to antimicrobial agents, and its high morbimortality, despite the use of appropriate antibiotics and proper medical treatment. Certain underlying medical conditions increase the risk of IPD and its complications, especially, from the respiratory diseases point of view, smoking and chronic respiratory diseases. Pneumococcal disease, according to the WHO, is the first preventable cause of death worldwide in children and adults. Among the strategies to prevent IPD is vaccination. WHO considers that its universal introduction and implementation against pneumococcus is essential and a priority in all countries. There are currently 2 pneumococcal vaccines for adults: the 23 serotypes polysaccharide and conjugate 13 serotypes. The scientific societies represented here have worked to develop some recommendations, based on the current scientific evidence, regarding the pneumococcal vaccination in the immunocompetent adult with chronic respiratory disease and smokers at risk of suffering from IPD.
authors.affiliation: Asociación de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica del Sur (NEUMOSUR), España. Electronic address: franciscocasas@neumosur.net.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Casas Maldonado
authors.affiliation: Asociación de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica del Sur (NEUMOSUR), España.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Alfageme Michavila
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Andaluza de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria (SAMFYC), España.
authors.forename: V S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Barchilón Cohen
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española de Médicos de Atención Primaria (SEMERGEN-Andalucía), España.
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Peis Redondo
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española de Médicos Generales y de Familia (SEMG-Andalucía), España.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Vargas Ortega
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines
keywords: Adult; Adulto; Anti-pneumococcal vaccination; Asma; Asthma; Bronchiectasis; Bronquiectasias; Chronic pulmonary obstructive disease; Chronic respiratory disease; Cystic fibrosis; Enfermedad neumocócica invasiva; Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica; Enfermedad respiratoria crónica; Fibrosis pulmonar idiopática; Fibrosis quística; Grupo de riesgo; Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; Invasive pneumococcal disease; Neumococo; Pneumococcus; Recomendaciones; Recommendations; Risk group; Smoking; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Tabaquismo; Vacunación antineumocócica