title: Cynandione A from Cynanchum wilfordii attenuates the production of inflammatory mediators in LPS-induced BV-2 microglial cells via NF-κB inactivation.
abstract: Cynanchum wilfordii is one of most widely used medicinal plants in Oriental medicine for the treatment of various conditions. In the present study, we isolated cynandione A (CA) from an extract of Cynanchum wilfordii roots (CWE) and investigated the effects of CA on the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and pro-inflammatory cytokines in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV-2 microglial cells. CWE and CA significantly decreased LPS-induced nitric oxide production and the expression of iNOS in a concentration-dependent manner, while they (CWE up to 500 µg/mL and CA up to 80 µM) did not exhibit cytotoxic activity. Results from reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed that CA significantly attenuated the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-1β in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells. Furthermore, CA inhibited the phosphorylation of inhibitor kappa B-alpha (IκB-α) and translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) to the BV-2 cell nucleus, indicating that CWE and CA may have effective anti-inflammatory activities via NF-κB inactivation in stimulated microglial cells.
authors.affiliation: Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center (AMSRC) and College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University.
authors.forename: Seung Bo
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Sang Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ji-Hae
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Tae Hoon
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Nam-In
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.forename: Hi-Joon
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Hyejung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jiyoung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D031105:Cynanchum; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D051379:Mice; D017628:Microglia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C403944:cynandione A; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse