title: Accumulation of xanthophylls from the phaffia yeast (Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhrous) in calves.
abstract: An investigation into the absorption and accumulation of carotenoids from phaffia yeast in two to three-week-old calves was carried out. Carotenoid contents of the control cattle (n=1) were 615.0 ng/g in the liver, 263.7 ng/g in the duodenum, 218.0 ng/g in the pancreas, 170.0 ng/g in the blood, 140.3 ng/g in the jejunum, 115.0 ng/g in the spleen. Among the accumulated carotenoids, β-carotene was presented as a major component (86.0 to 94.3%) along with lutein (5.7 to 14.0%) as a minor component. On the other hand, carotenoid contents in phaffia yeast-supplemented (5 g/day for one month) calves (n=3) were 4 to 10 times higher than those of the control calf. Carotenoid contents of phaffia yeast-supplemented calves were 2570.1±782 ng/g in the liver, 1806.6±1064 ng/g in the pancreas, 1648.4±630.2 ng/g in the spleen, and 1255.9±300.2 ng/g in the blood. In addition to β-carotene, keto-carotenoids from phaffia yeast, echinenone, (3R)-3-hydroxyechinenone, and (3R,3'R)-astaxanthin, were accumulated in all organs of phaffia yeast-supplemented calves. β-Carotene and (3R)-3-hydroxyechinenone were present as major carotenoids followed by echinenone. However, (3R,3'R)-astaxanthin, which was the major carotenoid in phaffia yeast, was found to be a minor carotenoid in calves. This indicated that calves well absorbed fewer polar xanthophylls, echinenone and (3R)-3-hydroxyechinenone compared to the polar xanthophyll, astaxanthin.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki.
authors.forename: Chikako
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tani
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maoka
authors.forename: Mineto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tani
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Moritomo
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Go
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kitahara
authors.forename: Hiromu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Katamoto
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000378:metabolism*; D015003:Yeasts / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D024341:Xanthophylls; D002338:Carotenoids; C005948:astaxanthine; C105515:echinenone