title: [Graves' disease].
abstract: Genetic and environmental determinants inducing Graves' disease are still poorly defined, especially those leading to the appearance of TSH receptor antibodies, which are both the hallmark of the disease and the keystone of its diagnosis. The treatment of Graves' disease is based on the use of antithyroid drugs and no therapeutic protocol has proven superior to the other. Surgical or radiometabolic treatments, largely restricted to relapses and to patients with comorbidities could be considered earlier provided we had reliable predictive markers for relapse. The treatment of Graves' orbitopathy relies first on a rigorous analysis of severity and activity of the disease. Intravenous steroids appear as a reference treatment in active forms. Evaluation of new therapeutics is in process. Graves' disease during pregnancy requires a multidisciplinary approach and an expert ultrasound evaluation of the fetus. Because of a suspected teratogenicity of carbimazole and methimazole, propylthiouracyl is the preferred drug used during early pregnancy.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Illouz
authors.forename: Patrice
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rodien
mesh_terms: D013956:Antithyroid Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications; D012008:Recurrence; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D013956:Antithyroid Agents