title: Insomnia before and after treatment for anxiety and depression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Insomnia increases the likelihood of developing a mood or anxiety disorder. Moreover, symptoms of anxiety and depression, such as worry and rumination, contribute to insomnia. Given these relationships, there is a need to delineate how these disorders respond to treatment when they are comorbid.
  
  
  METHODS
  266 individuals presenting for anxiety and/or depression symptoms participated in this study in which symptoms of insomnia, anxiety, depression, disability, and sleep length were assessed. 102 of these patients were treated with internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) for anxiety and/or depression and 61 completed the treatment. Pre- to post-treatment symptom changes were examined in this subset.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Insomnia, as measured by the Insomnia Severity Index, was evident in 40% of the patients. Individuals with insomnia reported more severe symptoms of anxiety and depression than individuals without insomnia. iCBT focused on anxiety and/or depression was associated with reductions in symptoms of insomnia, anxiety, depression, and disability. Total sleep time did not change over treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As the data were collected in routine care, there was no control group and no longer term follow-up assessment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings highlight the importance of insomnia across anxiety and depressive disorders. They further demonstrate that treatment for anxiety and/or depression appears to improve comorbid insomnia symptoms, though may be ineffective in changing sleep duration.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Unit for Anxiety and Depression (CRUfAD), University of New South Wales at St Vincent׳s Hospital, Level 4, O׳Brien Centre, 394-404 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia. Electronic address: emason@unsw.edu.au.
authors.forename: Elizabeth C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Mason
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, 3321 Tolman Hall, Berkeley 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Allison G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Harvey
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D001007:Anxiety / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019114:Remote Consultation; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012890:Sleep; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Anxiety; CBT; Comorbidity; Depression; Insomnia; Sleep