title: Could pyelonephritic scarring be prevented by anti-inflammatory treatment? An experimental model of acute pyelonephritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to demonstrate if the addition of anti-inflammatory treatment to antibiotic therapy shows any superiority to the treatment with antibiotic only.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-nine Wistar rats were divided into 7 groups. Pyelonephritis was performed by E. coli injection to upper pole of kidneys except control group. Group 2 was not treated. Ceftriaxone, ketoprofen, "ceftriaxone + ketoprofen," methylprednisolone, and "ceftriaxone + methylprednisolone" were given in the groups. The technetium-99m-dimercaptosuccinic acid scintigraphies were performed in 3rd day to detect pyelonephritis and 10th week to detect renal scarring. All kidneys were also histopathologically evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When 3rd day and 10th week scintigraphies were compared, initial 2.00 ± 0.30 point pyelonephritis score resulted in 0.71 ± 0.36 renal scar score in "ceftriaxone + ketoprofen" group (P = 0.039). Initial 2.00 ± 0.43 point pyelonephritis score resulted in 0.86 ± 0.26 renal scar score in "ceftriaxone + methylprednisolone" group (P = 0.041). Renal scar score was declined in "ceftriaxone + ketoprofen" group and "ceftriaxone + methylprednisolone" group compared with no-treatment group on 10th week of the study (P = 0.026, P = 0.044). On histopathological evaluation, it was seen that renal scar prevalence and expansion declined significantly in "ceftriaxone + ketoprofen and ceftriaxone + methylprednisolone" (P = 0.011, P = 0.023).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It was evidenced that ceftriaxone treatment in combination with ketoprofen or methylprednisolone declined scar formation in scintigraphic and histopathologic examinations of the kidneys.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Elif
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bahat Özdoğan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tuğba
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Özdemir
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Seçil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arslansoyu Çamlar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imamoğlu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ümit
authors.initials: Ü
authors.lastname: Cobanoğlu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Bircan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sönmez
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: İlknur
authors.initials: İ
authors.lastname: Tosun
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ismail
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Doğan
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002443:Ceftriaxone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000379:methods; D004926:Escherichia coli; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D007660:Ketoprofen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011704:Pyelonephritis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D019783:Technetium Tc 99m Dimercaptosuccinic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019783:Technetium Tc 99m Dimercaptosuccinic Acid; D002443:Ceftriaxone; D007660:Ketoprofen; D008775:Methylprednisolone
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