title: KIM-1 and NGAL as biomarkers of nephrotoxicity induced by gentamicin in rats.
abstract: Gentamicin is a member of aminoglycosides, which has represented highly effective antimicrobial agents especially in Gram-negative infections despite their toxic effects in the kidney. Rapid diagnosis is vital to preserve renal function and to slow down renal injury. Owing to the poor sensitivity and specificity of serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), new biomarkers for earlier and more accurate detection are needed. The aim of our study was to determine whether kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) may be useful biomarkers in the assessment of gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. In this study, the two biomarkers of renal toxicity were assessed via ELISA, quantitative real-time PCR, and immunohistochemistry in rats treated with gentamicin for up to 7 days. Repeated administration of gentamicin to male SD rats for 1, 3, or 7 days resulted in a dose- and time-dependent increase in the expression of KIM-1 and NGAL. Changes in gene and protein expressions were found to correlate with the progressive histopathological alterations and preceded effects on traditional clinical parameters indicative of impaired kidney function. Both of the biomarkers are supported to be used as sensitive indicators of acute kidney injury caused by gentamicin.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Qi-hui
authors.initials: QH
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Meng-lu
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Feng-jiao
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Zheng-li
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ming-yang
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: An-chun
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Geng
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000097:blood* / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000097:blood*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D005839:Gentamicins; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; C110936:Havcr1 protein, rat; C097278:Lcn2 protein, rat
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