title: Intermediate pyrolysis of biomass energy pellets for producing sustainable liquid, gaseous and solid fuels.
abstract: This work describes the use of intermediate pyrolysis system to produce liquid, gaseous and solid fuels from pelletised wood and barley straw feedstock. Experiments were conducted in a pilot-scale system and all products were collected and analysed. The liquid products were separated into an aqueous phase and an organic phase (pyrolysis oil) under gravity. The oil yields were 34.1 wt.% and 12.0 wt.% for wood and barley straw, respectively. Analysis found that both oils were rich in heterocyclic and phenolic compounds and have heating values over 24 MJ/kg. The yields of char for both feedstocks were found to be about 30 wt.%, with heating values similar to that of typical sub-bituminous class coal. Gas yields were calculated to be approximately 20 wt.%. Studies showed that both gases had heating values similar to that of downdraft gasification producer gas. Analysis on product energy yields indicated the process efficiency was about 75%.
authors.affiliation: European Bioenergy Research Institute, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK. Electronic address: y.yang6@aston.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: European Bioenergy Research Institute, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Brammer
authors.affiliation: European Bioenergy Research Institute, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.
authors.forename: A S N
authors.initials: ASN
authors.lastname: Mahmood
authors.affiliation: Fraunhofer UMSICHT Institute Branch Sulzbach-Rosenberg, 92237 Sulzbach-Rosenberg, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hornung
mesh_terms: D056804:Biofuels; D018533:Biomass; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D002606:Charcoal / Q000032:analysis; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D005740:Gases / Q000032:analysis*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D009821:Oils
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D005740:Gases; D009821:Oils; C540010:biochar; D002606:Charcoal
keywords: Intermediate pyrolysis; Pilot scale; Pyroformer; Pyrolysis oil; Sustainable fuels