title: Reliability and validity of a custom-made instrument including a hand-held dynamometer for measuring trunk muscle strength.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Measuring isometric strength is necessary in many areas of health and sport. However, trunk muscles have some particular characteristics that make them difficult to evaluate with simple, inexpensive instruments.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the reliability and validity of an instrument constructed with a hand-held dynamometer and a metallic structure (HHD+S) for measuring maximum isometric voluntary trunk muscle strength.
  
  
  METHODS
  Maximum isometric voluntary trunk muscle strength (extension, flexion and lateral flexion) was measured in 20 healthy individuals using the custom-made instrument (HHD+S) and the gold standard Back-Check (BC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that the two instruments had high and similar intra-subject reliability. The validity of the HHD+S was demonstrated by the high Pearson coefficient correlation between the two instruments (r ⩾ 0.78).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Given the good trial reliability and the close correlation between the two instruments, we believe that the use of a hand-held dynamometer together with the custom-made metallic structure (HHD+S) allows an evaluation of the maximum isometric voluntary trunk muscle strength to be made, that is very similar in quality, accuracy and reliability to the BC.
authors.affiliation: Institut Nacional d'Activitat Física de Catalunya Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Fundació Universitària del Bages, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Júlia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jubany
authors.affiliation: Institut Nacional d'Activitat Física de Catalunya Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Busquets
authors.affiliation: Institut Nacional d'Activitat Física de Catalunya Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marina
authors.affiliation: Institut Nacional d'Activitat Física de Catalunya Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Francesc
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cos
authors.affiliation: Institut Nacional d'Activitat Física de Catalunya Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Angulo-Barroso
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001415:Back; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007537:Isometric Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D053581:Muscle Strength Dynamometer; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D060726:Torso / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Maximum voluntary contraction; back strength; custom-made instrument; dynamometer