title: ε, a new subunit of RNA polymerase found in gram-positive bacteria.
abstract: RNA polymerase in bacteria is a multisubunit protein complex that is essential for gene expression. We have identified a new subunit of RNA polymerase present in the high-A+T Firmicutes phylum of Gram-positive bacteria and have named it ε. Previously ε had been identified as a small protein (ω1) that copurified with RNA polymerase. We have solved the structure of ε by X-ray crystallography and show that it is not an ω subunit. Rather, ε bears remarkable similarity to the Gp2 family of phage proteins involved in the inhibition of host cell transcription following infection. Deletion of ε shows no phenotype and has no effect on the transcriptional profile of the cell. Determination of the location of ε within the assembly of RNA polymerase core by single-particle analysis suggests that it binds toward the downstream side of the DNA binding cleft. Due to the structural similarity of ε with Gp2 and the fact they bind similar regions of RNA polymerase, we hypothesize that ε may serve a role in protection from phage infection.
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callghan, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Andrew N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callghan, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wiedermannová
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR-1319 Micalis, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Delumeau
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Libor
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Krásný
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callghan, New South Wales, Australia Peter.Lewis@newcastle.edu.au.
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Lewis
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000201:enzymology*; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D011487:Protein Conformation; D021122:Protein Subunits
chemical_list: D021122:Protein Subunits; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases
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