title: Determination of organochlorines, polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in human hair: estimation of external and internal exposure.
abstract: A novel method was developed for the analysis of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in human hair samples. External contaminants of hair were extracted with acetone under sonication, while washed hair was further hydrolyzed in formic acid and acetone (1:4, v/v) with microwave assisted extraction (MAE) for internal contaminant measurements. Both internal and external extracts were cleaned up with gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and then solid phase extraction (SPE), before analyzed by a large volume injection-gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LVI-GC-MS/MS) using triple quadruple mass analyzer. Good linearity (R(2)⩾ 0.996) was established within a concentration range between 0.1 and 100 ng mL(-)(1) among all target analytes. The method was validated for accuracy, precision and sensitivity. The developed method is intended to be cost effective and robust for the routine human hair analysis of PCBs, PBDEs and OCPs including acid-labile OCPs. The described method has been applied in pilot biomonitoring study and the preliminary data suggested that the contaminant profiles with the use of partial least-squares analysis discriminant analysis (PLA-DA) could be useful in differentiating external and internal exposure.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1380 Zhongshan West Road, Shanghai 200336, China.
authors.forename: Dasheng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1380 Zhongshan West Road, Shanghai 200336, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1380 Zhongshan West Road, Shanghai 200336, China.
authors.forename: Yuanjie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Laboratory Branch, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA 94804, USA.
authors.forename: Dongli
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Laboratory Branch, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA 94804, USA.
authors.forename: Ho Sai Simon
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Ip
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1380 Zhongshan West Road, Shanghai 200336, China.
authors.forename: Xinlei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1380 Zhongshan West Road, Shanghai 200336, China. Electronic address: Gqwang@scdc.sh.cn.
authors.forename: Guoquan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Laboratory Branch, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA 94804, USA. Electronic address: Jianwen.she@cdph.ca.gov.
authors.forename: Jianwen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: She
mesh_terms: D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D005561:Formates / Q000737:chemistry; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry*; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D057230:Limit of Detection; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis*; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis*; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D005561:Formates; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D010575:Pesticides; C030544:formic acid; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls
keywords: Hair; Human biomonitoring; Hydrolysis of formic acid; LVI–GC–MS/MS; POPs