title: The tumour-induced systemic environment as a critical regulator of cancer progression and metastasis.
abstract: Recent pre-clinical and clinical research has provided evidence that cancer progression is driven not only by a tumour's underlying genetic alterations and paracrine interactions within the tumour microenvironment, but also by complex systemic processes. We review these emerging paradigms of cancer pathophysiology and discuss how a clearer understanding of systemic regulation of cancer progression could guide development of new therapeutic modalities and efforts to prevent disease relapse following initial diagnosis and treatment.
authors.affiliation: Hematology Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA; the Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02142, USA; and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, USA.
authors.forename: Sandra S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: McAllister
authors.affiliation: Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, the Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and the MIT Ludwig Center for Molecular Oncology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02142, USA.
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Weinberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D055252:Cell-Derived Microparticles / Q000502:physiology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology; D018450:Disease Progression; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D013154:Spleen / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D049490:Systems Biology; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D006133:Growth Substances
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