title: Patterns and socio-demographic correlates of domain-specific physical activities and their associations with adiposity in the China Kadoorie Biobank study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Domain-specific physical activities may have different correlates and health effects, but few large studies have examined these questions, especially their separate associations with adiposity.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analysed cross-sectional data of 466 605 adults without any prior chronic diseases, enrolled during 2004-8, from 10 diverse localities across China. Physical activity level in each of 4 domains (occupation, commuting, household, and active-recreation), calculated as metabolic equivalent (MET)-hr/day, was related to social-demographic factors and measures of adiposity (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference [WC], and bio-impedance derived percentage body fat), using multivariable linear and logistic regression models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall mean age was 50.8 years. The mean total physical activity was 21.7 MET-hr/day, mainly from occupation (62%) and household chores (26%), but little from active-recreation (4%), with women having a much higher household activity than men. Older participants had a lower level of occupational activity but a higher level of household and active-recreational activity, particularly after retirement. There was no linear association of occupational activity with adiposity, but working women tended to have a lower adiposity (e.g. 1.0 cm WC) than non-working women. In men, there was an inverse and apparently linear association between adiposity and levels of both commuting-related and household activities, with 3 MET-hr/day associated with -0.11 and -0.13 kg/m(2) BMI, -0.42 and -0.62 cm WC, and -0.28 and -0.33 percentage points of body fat, respectively. In women, only household activity showed a linear, but weaker, association with adiposity. A higher adiposity was observed among men and women with higher levels of active-recreational activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In Chinese adults, physical activity mainly involves occupation and housework, with little from active-recreational activity. Domain-specific physical activities varied by socio-demographic factors and had different associations with adiposity.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. huaidong.du@ctsu.ox.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Huaidong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Liming
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Whitlock
authors.forename: Derrick
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bian
authors.forename: Junshi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sherliker
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Ningmei
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiangyang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Zhongxiao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ruying
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Rory
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Peto
authors.forename: Zhengming
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000273:Adipose Tissue; D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003710:Demography; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006796:Household Work; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology*; D009790:Occupations; D011998:Recreation; D012179:Retirement; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D055105:Waist Circumference; D014937:Work
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