title: Ethylene glycol ethers induce oxidative stress in the rat brain.
abstract: Ethylene glycol ethers (EGEs) are components of many industrial and household products. Their hemolytic and gonadotoxic effects are relatively well known while their potential adverse effects on the central nervous system have not yet been clearly demonstrated. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of 4-week administration of 2-buthoxyethanol (BE), 2-phenoxyethanol (PHE) and 2-ethoxyethanol (EE) on the total antioxidant capacity, activity of some antioxidant enzymes, such as the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione reductase and lipid peroxidation in the frontal cortex and hippocampus in the rat. These studies showed that BE and PHE decreased the total antioxidant activity, SOD and GPX activity, while increased lipid peroxidation in the frontal cortex. Like in the frontal cortex, also in the hippocampus BE and PHE attenuated the total antioxidant activity, however, lipid peroxidation was increased only in animals which received BE while reduction in GPX activity was present in rats administered PHE. The obtained data indicated that 4-week administration of BE and PHE, but not EE, reduced the total antioxidant activity and enhanced lipid peroxidation in the brain. In the frontal cortex, adverse effects of PHE and BE on lipid peroxidation probably depended on reduction in SOD and GPX activity, however, in the hippocampus the changes in the total antioxidant activity and lipid peroxidation were not connected with reduction of the investigated antioxidant enzyme activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemical Toxicology, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland, bartosz.pomierny@uj.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Bartosz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pomierny
authors.forename: Weronika
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Krzyżanowska
authors.forename: Irena
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Smaga
authors.forename: Lucyna
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pomierny-Chamioło
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stankowicz
authors.forename: Bogusława
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Budziszewska
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D005026:Ethylene Glycols / Q000633:toxicity*; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D011897:Random Allocation; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005026:Ethylene Glycols; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; C005398:phenoxyethanol; C021296:2-ethoxyethanol
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