title: Co-circulation of Hantaan, Kenkeme, and Khabarovsk Hantaviruses in Bolshoy Ussuriysky Island, China.
abstract: Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) was first recognized in far eastern Asia in the 1930s, and has been highly prevalent in this region ever since. To reveal the molecular epidemiology of hantaviruses in this region, a total of 374 small mammals (eight species of rodents and one species of shrew) were captured in the Chinese part of the Bolshoy Ussuriysky Island (Heilongjiang Province). Hantavirus sequences were recovered from three striped field mice (Apodemus agrarius), 11 Maximowicz's voles (Microtus maximowiczii), and one flat-skulled shrew (Sorex roboratus). Genetic and phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of three viruses: Hantaan virus (HTNV), Khabarovsk virus (KHAV), and Kenkeme virus (KKMV). HTNV sequences recovered from A. agrarius were closely related to those identified in Apodemus mice from the surrounding areas, while a new lineage of KHAV was present in M. maximowiczii. Additionally, while the viral sequences recovered from one flat-skulled shrew were most closely related to KKMV, their divergence to the prototype strain suggests that they represent a new viral subtype. Overall, these results suggest that Bolshoy Ussuriysky Island harbors considerable hantavirus diversity.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, 102206 Beijing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei United University, Tangshan 063000, PR China.
authors.forename: Cai-Qiao
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Heilong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Hua
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Heilong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, 102206 Beijing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Ping
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Heilong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Ming-Qing
authors.initials: MQ
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, 102206 Beijing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Heilong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Man-Xia
authors.initials: MX
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, 102206 Beijing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Ming-Hui
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Heilong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Heilong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Hui-Jie
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei United University, Tangshan 063000, PR China.
authors.forename: Xi-Feng
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, 102206 Beijing, China; Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Biological Sciences and Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Edward C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, 102206 Beijing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. Electronic address: zhangyongzhen@icdc.cn.
authors.forename: Yong-Zhen
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D044822:Biodiversity; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D018063:Hantaan virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006476:Orthohantavirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006480:Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D062312:Islands; D051379:Mice; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012376:Rodent Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D012377:Rodentia / Q000145:classification / Q000821:virology; D012788:Shrews / Q000821:virology*
keywords: Diversity; Hantaan virus; Kenkeme virus; Khabarovsk virus; Rodents; Shrews