title: Wisdom and psychotherapy: Studying expert therapists' clinical wisdom to explicate common processes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This research study explores the concept of clinical wisdom.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen psychologists who were nominated multiple times by their peers as wise clinicians participated in an interview on clinical wisdom, analyzed using grounded-theory methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants described clinical wisdom as accepting that the best answers to clients' problems often were not immediately accessible and instead using their sense of their clients, their theory of psychotherapy, and their own experiences of adversity, diversity, and intimate relationships to help clients explore the ambiguities and vulnerabilities they experienced to craft idiosyncratic answers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An understanding of clinical wisdom is put forward, characterized by markers and principles for practice, to guide therapy processes within therapists' intentionality and direct research on common factors.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychology , University of Massachusetts Boston , Boston , MA , USA.
authors.forename: Heidi M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Levitt
authors.affiliation: b Department of Psychology , The University of Memphis , Memphis , TN , USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Piazza-Bonin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002983:Clinical Competence; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D011613:Psychotherapy; D036301:Qualitative Research
keywords: Ambiguität; Grounded-Theory; Kennzeichen; Therapieexperten; Vulnerabilität; Weisheit; allgemeine Wirkfaktoren; ambiguity; ambiguità; common factors; expert therapists; fattori comuni; grounded theory; marcatore; marker; saggezza; teoria sul campo; terapeuti esperti; vulnerability; vulnerabilità; wisdom