title: Induction of caspase-3-like activity in rice following release of cytochrome-f from the chloroplast and subsequent interaction with the ubiquitin-proteasome system.
abstract: It has been known that the process of leaf senescence is accompanied by programmed cell death (PCD), and the previous study indicated that dark-induced senescence in detached leaves from rice led to the release of cytochrome f (Cyt f) from chloroplast into the cytoplasm. In this study, the effects of Cyt f on PCD were studied both in vitro and in vivo. In a cell-free system, purified Cyt f activated caspase-3-like protease and endonuclease OsNuc37, and induced DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, Cyt f-induced caspase-3-like activity could be inhibited by MG132, which suggests that the activity was attributed to the 26S proteasome. Conditional expression of Cyt f in the cytoplasm could also activate caspase-3-like activity and DNA fragmentation. Fluorescein diacetate staining and annexin V-FITC/PI double staining demonstrated that Cyt f expression in cytoplasm significantly increased the percentage of PCD protoplasts. Yeast two-hybrid screening showed that Cyt f might interact with E3-ubiquitin ligase and RPN9b, the subunits of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS), and other PCD-related proteins. Taken together, these results suggest that the released Cyt f from the chloroplast into the cytoplasm might activate or rescue caspase-3-like activity by interacting with the UPS, ultimately leading to the induction of PCD.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Biochemistry &Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
authors.forename: Hongjuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Biochemistry &Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
authors.forename: Xiaonan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Biochemistry &Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
authors.forename: Huan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Biochemistry &Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Biochemistry &Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Biochemistry &Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Biochemistry &Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D002474:Cell-Free System; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000378:metabolism; D045348:Cytochromes f / Q000378:metabolism*; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D003850:Deoxyribonuclease I / Q000378:metabolism; D007976:Leupeptins / Q000494:pharmacology; D012275:Oryza / Q000378:metabolism*; D059828:Plant Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / Q000378:metabolism*; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000633:toxicity; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007976:Leupeptins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D045348:Cytochromes f; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D003850:Deoxyribonuclease I; D053148:Caspase 3; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; C061553:ATP dependent 26S protease; C072553:benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde
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