title: Herbicides as weed control agents: state of the art: I. Weed control research and safener technology: the path to modern agriculture.
abstract: The purpose of modern industrial herbicides is to control weeds. The species of weeds that plague crops today are a consequence of the historical past, being related to the history of the evolution of crops and farming practices. Chemical weed control began over a century ago with inorganic compounds and transitioned to the age of organic herbicides. Targeted herbicide research has created a steady stream of successful products. However, safeners have proven to be more difficult to find. Once found, the mode of action of the safener must be determined, partly to help in the discovery of further compounds within the same class. However, mounting regulatory and economic pressure has changed the industry completely, making it harder to find a successful herbicide. Herbicide resistance has also become a major problem, increasing the difficulty of controlling weeds. As a result, the development of new molecules has become a rare event today.
authors.affiliation: Bayer CropScience AG, D-65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany kraehmer-hofheim@t-online.de.
authors.forename: Hansjoerg
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kraehmer
authors.affiliation: Bayer CropScience AG, D-65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Laber
authors.affiliation: Bayer CropScience AG, D-65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rosinger
authors.affiliation: Bayer CropScience AG, D-65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Arno
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schulz
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D005075:Biological Evolution; D053209:Herbicide Resistance; D006540:Herbicides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D057685:Plant Weeds / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D012106:Research; D058728:Weed Control
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides
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