title: Noise-induced hearing loss: a recreational noise perspective.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This review will discuss the real-world risk factors involved in noise-induced hearing loss as a result of common and popular recreational activities prone to mid and high levels of noise exposure. Although there are currently no interventional measures available to reverse or mitigate preexisting hearing loss from noise, we discuss the vital importance of hearing loss prevention from noise exposure avoidance and reduction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Despite a seeming understanding of the effects of noise exposure from various recreational activities and devices, a large percentage of the general public who is at risk of such noise-induced hearing loss still chooses to refrain from using hearing protection instruments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While occupational exposures pose the greatest traditional risk to hearing conservation in selected workers, recreational risk factors for noise-induced hearing loss may be more insidious in overall effect given the indifferent attitude of much of the general public and particularly our youths toward hearing protection during recreational activities. Active counseling regarding the consequences of excessive noise exposure and the potential benefits to hearing from usage of hearing protection instruments is critical to providing best possible care in the hearing health professions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, USA.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ivory
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kane
authors.forename: Rodney C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Diaz
mesh_terms: D001309:Auditory Threshold; D003376:Counseling; D005389:Firearms; D006317:Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D011998:Recreation; D012307:Risk Factors; D013177:Sports