title: Vitamin D in blood and risk of prostate cancer: lessons from the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial and the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial.
abstract: The effects of blood levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) on the risk of total, low-, and high-grade prostate cancer were examined in the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT) and the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial (PCPT). In the SELECT study, plasma 25-OHD levels were associated with a linear decrease in prostate cancer risk for high-grade cancers in African American men and an apparent "U"-shaped effect in other men. The "U-shaped" curve may reflect detection bias. In the PCPT study, in which detection bias was minimized, serum 25-OHD levels were associated with a linear decrease in the risk of high-grade prostate cancers. The results from these large prevention trials support the hypothesis that circulating levels of 25-OHD decrease the risk of clinically relevant prostate cancers.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Cancer Biology, Urology, and Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina gschwart@wakehealth.edu.
authors.forename: Gary G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Schwartz
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012643:Selenium / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; D014810:Vitamin E; D012643:Selenium