title: The role of inhibition in human motor cortical plasticity.
abstract: Over recent years evidence from animal studies strongly suggests that a decrease in local inhibitory signaling is necessary for synaptic plasticity to occur. However, the role of GABAergic modulation in human motor plasticity is less well understood. Here, we summarize the techniques available to quantify GABA in humans, before reviewing the existing evidence for the role of inhibitory signaling in human motor plasticity. We discuss a number of important outstanding questions that remain before the role of GABAergic modulation in long-term plasticity in humans, such as that underpinning recovery after stroke, can be established.
authors.affiliation: Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bachtiar
authors.affiliation: Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. Electronic address: charlotte.stagg@ndcn.ox.ac.uk.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Stagg
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning / Q000502:physiology; D009043:Motor Activity; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D009433:Neural Inhibition; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity; D020127:Recovery of Function; D020521:Stroke / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
keywords: GABA; human; motor; plasticity; stroke recovery