title: A new strategy to deliver synthetic protein drugs: self-reproducible biologics using minicircles.
abstract: Biologics are the most successful drugs used in anticytokine therapy. However, they remain partially unsuccessful because of the elevated cost of their synthesis and purification. Development of novel biologics has also been hampered by the high cost. Biologics are made of protein components; thus, theoretically, they can be produced in vivo. Here we tried to invent a novel strategy to allow the production of synthetic drugs in vivo by the host itself. The recombinant minicircles encoding etanercept or tocilizumab, which are synthesized currently by pharmaceutical companies, were injected intravenously into animal models. Self-reproduced etanercept and tocilizumab were detected in the serum of mice. Moreover, arthritis subsided in mice that were injected with minicircle vectors carrying biologics. Self-reproducible biologics need neither factory facilities for drug production nor clinical processes, such as frequent drug injection. Although this novel strategy is in its very early conceptual stage, it seems to represent a potential alternative method for the delivery of biologics.
authors.affiliation: CiSTEM laboratory, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyoju
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: CiSTEM laboratory, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Youngkyun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: CiSTEM laboratory, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Juryun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: CiSTEM laboratory, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyerin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: CiSTEM laboratory, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Yeri Alice
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Rim
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: 1] CiSTEM laboratory, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea [2] Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Hyeon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ju
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D001688:Biological Products / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D004270:DNA, Circular / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D000068800:Etanercept; D005260:Female; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006614:Hindlimb; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D001688:Biological Products; D004270:DNA, Circular; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; C502936:tocilizumab; D000068800:Etanercept
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