title: The integrative roles of chemokines at the maternal-fetal interface in early pregnancy.
abstract: Embryos express paternal antigens that are foreign to the mother, but the mother provides a special immune milieu at the fetal-maternal interface to permit rather than reject the embryo growth in the uterus until parturition by establishing precise crosstalk between the mother and the fetus. There are unanswered questions in the maintenance of pregnancy, including the poorly understood phenomenon of maternal tolerance to the allogeneic conceptus, and the remarkable biological roles of placental trophoblasts that invade the uterine wall. Chemokines are multifunctional molecules initially described as having a role in leukocyte trafficking and later found to participate in developmental processes such as differentiation and directed migration. It is increasingly evident that the gestational uterine microenvironment is characterized, at least in part, by the differential expression and secretion of chemokines that induce selective trafficking of leukocyte subsets to the maternal-fetal interface and regulate multiple events that are closely associated with normal pregnancy. Here, we review the expression and function of chemokines and their receptors at the maternal-fetal interface, with a special focus on chemokine as a key component in trophoblast invasiveness and placental angiogenesis, recruitment and instruction of immune cells so as to form a fetus-supporting milieu during pregnancy. The chemokine network is also involved in pregnancy complications.
authors.forename: Mei-Rong
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Song-Cun
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Da-Jin
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D002465:Cell Movement; D018925:Chemokines / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007519:Isoantigens / Q000276:immunology; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange / Q000276:immunology*; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000276:immunology*; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D018925:Chemokines; D007519:Isoantigens
references.citation: J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2007 Nov;20(11):777-92
references.pmid: 17943641
references.citation: Circ Res. 2006 Mar 17;98(5):617-25
references.pmid: 16484616
references.citation: Gastroenterology. 2008 Aug;135(2):529-38
references.pmid: 18522803
references.citation: Clin Immunol. 2011 Dec;141(3):284-92
references.pmid: 21873118
references.citation: J Exp Med. 2011 Aug 1;208(8):1605-20
references.pmid: 21788406
references.citation: Endocrinology. 2012 Jan;153(1):481-91
references.pmid: 22045664
references.citation: Hum Reprod Update. 2009 Sep-Oct;15(5):517-35
references.pmid: 19279047
references.citation: PLoS One. 2008 Apr 30;3(4):e2078
references.pmid: 18446208
references.citation: Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2005 Dec;16(6):593-609
references.pmid: 16046180
references.citation: Reprod Biomed Online. 2008 Feb;16(2):202-10
references.pmid: 18284874
references.citation: J Reprod Immunol. 2013 Mar;97(1):14-9
references.pmid: 23432867
references.citation: Am J Reprod Immunol. 2010 Aug 1;64(2):104-12
references.pmid: 20331585
references.citation: J Reprod Immunol. 2012 Sep;95(1-2):36-45
references.pmid: 22841164
references.citation: Biomed Rep. 2013 Mar;1(2):185-192
references.pmid: 24648916
references.citation: PLoS One. 2012;7(7):e41869
references.pmid: 22848642
references.citation: J Perinat Med. 2008;36(3):217-27
references.pmid: 18576931
references.citation: Clin Immunol. 2006 Feb-Mar;118(2-3):250-7
references.pmid: 16413227
references.citation: Am J Reprod Immunol. 2004 Mar;51(3):220-5
references.pmid: 15209391
references.citation: Hum Reprod. 2007 Oct;22(10):2733-42
references.pmid: 17704101
references.citation: Immunology. 2014 Apr;141(4):490-7
references.pmid: 24256296
references.citation: Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2007 Jun;19(3):266-72
references.pmid: 17495644
references.citation: Mol Hum Reprod. 2013 Oct;19(10):676-86
references.pmid: 23737337
references.citation: J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2005 Jun;17(6):365-73
references.pmid: 16009638
references.citation: Am J Reprod Immunol. 2007 Dec;58(6):514-23
references.pmid: 17997750
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Feb 13;104(7):2319-24
references.pmid: 17283337
references.citation: Reproduction. 2011 Jun;141(6):715-24
references.pmid: 21389077
references.citation: Blood. 2008 Mar 15;111(6):3108-15
references.pmid: 18187664
references.citation: Nat Med. 2013 May;19(5):548-56
references.pmid: 23652115
references.citation: J Immunol. 2005 Jul 1;175(1):61-8
references.pmid: 15972632
references.citation: Exp Hematol. 2006 Aug;34(8):1101-5
references.pmid: 16863917
references.citation: J Immunol. 2006 Dec 15;177(12):8813-21
references.pmid: 17142784
references.citation: Clin Exp Immunol. 2008 Mar;151(3):399-406
references.pmid: 18234052
references.citation: Fertil Steril. 2010 Nov;94(6):2030-6
references.pmid: 20338560
references.citation: Cell Mol Immunol. 2012 Sep;9(5):423-30
references.pmid: 22885527
references.citation: J Cell Biol. 2007 Oct 8;179(1):33-40
references.pmid: 17923528
references.citation: BMC Immunol. 2010 Dec 02;11:59
references.pmid: 21126355
references.citation: J Immunol. 2001 Jun 1;166(11):6477-82
references.pmid: 11359797
references.citation: Am J Reprod Immunol. 2012 Apr;67(4):304-10
references.pmid: 22364212
references.citation: Hum Reprod. 2006 Apr;21(4):1083-91
references.pmid: 16431903
references.citation: PLoS One. 2013;8(2):e56946
references.pmid: 23451115
references.citation: Blood. 2003 Sep 1;102(5):1569-77
references.pmid: 12730110
references.citation: Endocrinology. 2009 Dec;150(12):5596-605
references.pmid: 19833716
references.citation: Reproduction. 2009 Jun;137(6):943-55
references.pmid: 19321657
references.citation: Am J Reprod Immunol. 2011 Aug;66(2):115-27
references.pmid: 21276119
references.citation: J Reprod Immunol. 2011 Apr;89(1):18-25
references.pmid: 21470690
references.citation: Am J Reprod Immunol. 2012 Apr;67(4):311-8
references.pmid: 22380579
references.citation: Am J Pathol. 2006 Feb;168(2):445-52
references.pmid: 16436659
references.citation: Cell. 2008 May 30;133(5):775-87
references.pmid: 18510923
references.citation: Expert Rev Mol Med. 2004 May 10;6(11):1-14
references.pmid: 15130179
references.citation: Nature. 2011 Jul 13;475(7355):226-30
references.pmid: 21753853
references.citation: Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2011 Mar;4(3):276-86
references.pmid: 21487523
references.citation: PLoS One. 2012;7(7):e38375
references.pmid: 22848341
references.citation: J Immunol. 2007 Apr 1;178(7):4267-75
references.pmid: 17371983
references.citation: Biol Reprod. 2011 Aug;85(2):397-408
references.pmid: 21389340
references.citation: Nat Rev Cancer. 2004 Jul;4(7):540-50
references.pmid: 15229479
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2003 Aug 1;278(31):29048-56
references.pmid: 12756249
references.citation: Nat Med. 2006 Sep;12(9):991-2
references.pmid: 16960566
references.citation: Mol Cell Biol. 2007 Feb;27(3):983-92
references.pmid: 17130243
references.citation: BMC Genomics. 2008 May 15;9:222
references.pmid: 18482437
references.citation: J Exp Med. 2001 May 21;193(10):1199-212
references.pmid: 11369791
references.citation: Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2011 Jun;25(3):259-71
references.pmid: 21144801
references.citation: Biol Reprod. 2007 Oct;77(4):590-8
references.pmid: 17596562
references.citation: Immunotherapy. 2009 Sep;1(5):873-82
references.pmid: 20636029
references.citation: Med Clin (Barc). 2015 Mar 15;144(6):265-8
references.pmid: 24667109
references.citation: Fertil Steril. 2008 May;89(5):1166-1176
references.pmid: 17681303
references.citation: Fertil Steril. 2009 Jun;91(6):2687-96
references.pmid: 18384776
references.citation: J Reprod Immunol. 2011 Mar;88(2):86-92
references.pmid: 21227511
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Mar 3;106(9):3414-9
references.pmid: 19218429
references.citation: Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2005 Jun;84(6):566-71
references.pmid: 15901268
references.citation: Angiogenesis. 2013 Apr;16(2):417-27
references.pmid: 23224220
references.citation: Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2013 May 15;6(6):1028-37
references.pmid: 23696919
references.citation: J Immunol Methods. 2005 Jun;301(1-2):41-52
references.pmid: 16018884
references.citation: Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Jul;199(1):46.e1-6
references.pmid: 18241824
references.citation: Immunol Lett. 2006 Jan 15;102(1):106-9
references.pmid: 16199095
references.citation: J Leukoc Biol. 2003 Oct;74(4):514-22
references.pmid: 12960246
references.citation: Mol Hum Reprod. 2012 Jul;18(7):354-61
references.pmid: 22319205
references.citation: J Immunol. 2011 Jun 15;186(12):6830-8
references.pmid: 21555535
references.citation: Am J Pathol. 2001 Dec;159(6):2199-213
references.pmid: 11733370
references.citation: J Immunol. 2008 Feb 15;180(4):2367-75
references.pmid: 18250446
references.citation: Biol Reprod. 2006 May;74(5):896-904
references.pmid: 16452465
references.citation: Placenta. 2006 Sep-Oct;27(9-10):939-58
references.pmid: 16490251
references.citation: Blood. 2005 Feb 15;105(4):1405-7
references.pmid: 15498848
references.citation: PLoS One. 2009 Aug 21;4(8):e6713
references.pmid: 19696929
references.citation: Clin Immunol. 2012 Nov;145(2):161-73
references.pmid: 23069648
references.citation: Hum Reprod. 2008 Dec;23(12):2669-79
references.pmid: 18687671
references.citation: J Immunol. 2005 Dec 15;175(12):8096-104
references.pmid: 16339547
references.citation: Eur J Immunol. 2010 May;40(5):1266-71
references.pmid: 20201039
references.citation: Biol Reprod. 2004 Jun;70(6):1877-85
references.pmid: 14973260
references.citation: Nat Rev Immunol. 2013 Jan;13(1):23-33
references.pmid: 23237963
references.citation: Blood. 2011 Jan 13;117(2):451-8
references.pmid: 20944068
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2001 Mar 30;276(13):9945-54
references.pmid: 11136732
references.citation: J Immunol. 2004 Dec 1;173(11):6760-6
references.pmid: 15557169
references.citation: Hum Reprod. 2013 Sep;28(9):2350-62
references.pmid: 23814098
references.citation: Fertil Steril. 2007 Jan;87(1):198-201
references.pmid: 17197286
references.citation: Mol Hum Reprod. 2004 May;10(5):347-53
references.pmid: 14997000
references.citation: Science. 2012 Jun 8;336(6086):1317-21
references.pmid: 22679098
references.citation: J Perinat Med. 2012 Jun;40(4):329-43
references.pmid: 22752762
references.citation: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006 Dec;1092:440-9
references.pmid: 17308171
references.citation: Reprod Sci. 2014 Jan 8;:
references.pmid: 24401476
references.citation: Clin Dev Immunol. 2013;2013:542152
references.pmid: 23864879
references.citation: Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2008 Mar;8(3):269-90
references.pmid: 18294099
references.citation: Am J Reprod Immunol. 2002 Jul;48(1):1-8
references.pmid: 12322891
references.citation: Immunol Invest. 2008;37(5):483-97
references.pmid: 18716935
references.citation: J Leukoc Biol. 2006 Sep;80(3):572-80
references.pmid: 16816146
references.citation: J Immunol. 2006 Aug 15;177(4):2651-61
references.pmid: 16888027
references.citation: Development. 2005 Sep;132(18):4097-106
references.pmid: 16107476
references.citation: Nat Med. 2006 Sep;12(9):1065-74
references.pmid: 16892062
references.citation: Development. 2003 Nov;130(22):5519-32
references.pmid: 14530297
references.citation: Biol Reprod. 2010 Apr;82(4):698-705
references.pmid: 20018909
references.citation: Blood. 2010 Sep 23;116(12):2061-9
references.pmid: 20538796
references.citation: Springer Semin Immunopathol. 1999;21(3):263-85
references.pmid: 10666773
references.citation: Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2002 May;3(2):159-65
references.pmid: 12007293
references.citation: Immunol Cell Biol. 2011 Feb;89(2):304-13
references.pmid: 20680026
references.citation: Immunol Cell Biol. 2010 Jan;88(1):63-71
references.pmid: 19755977
references.citation: Placenta. 2001 Apr;22 Suppl A:S24-8
references.pmid: 11312624
references.citation: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Aug;96(8):2502-11
references.pmid: 21677045
references.citation: Am J Reprod Immunol. 2011 Sep;66(3):223-9
references.pmid: 21306467
references.citation: Endocrinology. 2009 Jan;150(1):350-6
references.pmid: 18787030
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Jan 9;104(2):594-9
references.pmid: 17197426
references.citation: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2005 Aug 1;1751(1):26-32
references.pmid: 15897020
references.citation: Dev Dyn. 2004 Apr;229(4):877-85
references.pmid: 15042711
references.citation: Am J Reprod Immunol. 2008 May;59(5):401-6
references.pmid: 18405310
references.citation: Clin Exp Immunol. 2004 May;136(2):373-8
references.pmid: 15086404
references.citation: Am J Reprod Immunol. 2005 Jan;53(1):1-12
references.pmid: 15667520
references.citation: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 May;89(5):2470-6
references.pmid: 15126579