title: Behavioral improvement and regulation of molecules related to neuroplasticity in ischemic rat spinal cord treated with PEDF.
abstract: Pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF) exerts trophic actions to motoneurons and modulates nonneuronal restorative events, but its effects on neuroplasticity responses after spinal cord (SC) injury are unknown. Rats received a low thoracic SC photothrombotic ischemia and local injection of PEDF and were evaluated behaviorally six weeks later. PEDF actions were detailed in SC ventral horn (motor) in the levels of the lumbar central pattern generator (CPG), far from the injury site. Molecules related to neuroplasticity (MAP-2), those that are able to modulate such event, for instance, neurotrophic factors (NT-3, GDNF, BDNF, and FGF-2), chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPG), and those associated with angiogenesis and antiapoptosis (laminin and Bcl-2) and Eph (receptor)/ephrin system were evaluated at cellular or molecular levels. PEDF injection improved motor behavioral performance and increased MAP-2 levels and dendritic processes in the region of lumbar CPG. Treatment also elevated GDNF and decreased NT-3, laminin, and CSPG. Injury elevated EphA4 and ephrin-B1 levels, and PEDF treatment increased ephrin A2 and ephrins B1, B2, and B3. Eph receptors and ephrins were found in specific populations of neurons and astrocytes. PEDF treatment to SC injury triggered neuroplasticity in lumbar CPG and regulation of neurotrophic factors, extracellular matrix molecules, and ephrins.
authors.affiliation: Neuroregeneration Center, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo 455, 2nd Floor, Room 2119, 01246-903-São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Chary Marquez
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Batista
authors.affiliation: Neuroregeneration Center, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo 455, 2nd Floor, Room 2119, 01246-903-São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leonardo Luis Torres
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Bianqui
authors.affiliation: Neuroregeneration Center, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo 455, 2nd Floor, Room 2119, 01246-903-São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruno Bonganha
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Zanon
authors.affiliation: Neuroregeneration Center, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo 455, 2nd Floor, Room 2119, 01246-903-São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mauricio Menezes Aben Athar
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ivo
authors.affiliation: Neuroregeneration Center, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo 455, 2nd Floor, Room 2119, 01246-903-São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriela Pintar de
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Neuroregeneration Center, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo 455, 2nd Floor, Room 2119, 01246-903-São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jessica Ruivo
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3955-206X
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Maximino
authors.affiliation: Neuroregeneration Center, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo 455, 2nd Floor, Room 2119, 01246-903-São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gerson
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chadi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism; D005136:Eye Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007797:Laminin / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000187:drug effects; D015843:Serpins / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020760:Spinal Cord Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099174:Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor
chemical_list: D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans; D005136:Eye Proteins; D007797:Laminin; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D015843:Serpins; D000099174:Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor
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