title: The effect of sandblasting and different primers on shear bond strength between yttria-tetragonal zirconia polycrystal ceramic and a self-adhesive resin cement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of zirconia primers, air-abrasion, and tribochemical surface treatment methods on the shear bond strength between yttria-tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) ceramic and self-adhesive resin cement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Y-TZP ceramic surfaces were ground flat with 600-grit silicon carbide paper and then divided into seven groups of 10 and treated as follows: untreated (control), Monobond Plus, Z-PRIME Plus, ESPE Sil with CoJet, air-abrasion, Monobond Plus with air-abrasion, and Z-PRIME Plus with air-abrasion. Self-adhesive resin cement was placed onto the treated Y-TZP specimens for each group. All specimens were thermocycled and subjected to a shear bond strength test. Scanning electron microscope images of the fractured areas and x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the surface-treated Y-TZP specimens were performed. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and the Student-Newman-Keuls multiple comparison test (p<0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Z-PRIME Plus treatment in combination with air-abrasion produced the highest bond strength (16.50±2.26 MPa), followed by air-abrasion (10.56±3.32 MPa), and then Monobond Plus combined with air-abrasion (8.93±3.13 MPa), ESPE Sil after CoJet application (8.54±3.98 MPa), and the Z-PRIME Plus group (8.27±2.79 MPa). The control (3.91±0.72 MPa) and Monobond Plus (4.86±1.77 MPa) groups indicated the lowest results (p<0.05). The XRD results showed the peaks of the monoclinic phase for the air-abrasion and CoJet treatment groups compared with the Y-TZP control.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Z-PRIME Plus primer application after air-abrasion presented the best results for improving the bond strength between Y-TZP ceramic and self-adhesive resin cement.
authors.forename: Y-A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: J-S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Y-J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: S-H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Jun
authors.forename: I-B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: B-H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: H-H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: D-G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Seo
mesh_terms: D020906:Air Abrasion, Dental / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D002516:Ceramics / Q000737:chemistry*; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods; D045662:Dental Etching / Q000379:methods; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D033081:Shear Strength; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction; D015019:Yttrium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D019279:Resin Cements; C499362:yttria stabilized tetragonal zirconia; D015019:Yttrium; D015040:Zirconium