title: Label-free quantitative detection of tumor-derived exosomes through surface plasmon resonance imaging.
abstract: Exosomes are endosome-derived membrane vesicles carrying proteins and nucleic acids that are involved in cellular functions such as intercellular communication, protein and RNA secretion, and antigen presentation. Therefore, exosomes serve as potential biomarkers for many diseases including cancer. Because exosomes are difficult to enrich or purify from biofluids, quantification of exosomes is tedious and inaccurate. Here, we present a real-time, label-free, and quantitative method to detect and characterize tumor-derived exosomes without enrichment or purification. Utilizing surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi) in combination with antibody microarrays specific to the extracellular domains of exosome membrane proteins, exosomes in tumor cell culture medium can be quantitatively detected. We found a positive correlation between the metastatic potential of tumor cell lines and exosome secretion. This method provides an easy, efficient, and novel way to detect exosome secretion and thus an avenue toward the diagnosis and prognosis prediction of cancer.
authors.affiliation: National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , No. 11, Beiyitiao Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Huan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xiangli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bu
authors.forename: Huailei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Weizhi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: He
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lausted
authors.forename: Leroy
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hood
authors.forename: Guang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Zhiyuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D011992:Endosomes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D040081:Protein Array Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance; D020691:rab GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000075745:rab27 GTP-Binding Proteins
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D000075745:rab27 GTP-Binding Proteins; C066694:RAB27A protein, human; D020691:rab GTP-Binding Proteins
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