title: Toxicity assessment of the water used for human consumption from the Cameron/Tuba City abandoned uranium mining area prior/after the combined electrochemical treatment/advanced oxidation.
abstract: The purpose of this work was detailed physicochemical, radiological, and toxicological characterization of the composite sample of water intended for human consumption in the Cameron/Tuba City abandoned uranium mining area before and after a combined electrochemical/advanced oxidation treatment. Toxicological characterization was conducted on human lymphocytes using a battery of bioassays. On the bases of the tested parameters, it could be concluded that water used for drinking from the tested water sources must be strictly forbidden for human and/or animal consumption since it is extremely cytogenotoxic, with high oxidative stress potential. A combined electrochemical treatment and posttreatment with ozone and UV light decreased the level of all physicochemical and radiological parameters below the regulated values. Consequently, the purified sample was neither cytotoxic nor genotoxic, indicating that the presented method could be used for the improvement of water quality from the sites highly contaminated with the mixture of heavy metals and radionuclides.
authors.affiliation: Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia, ggajski@imi.hr.
authors.forename: Goran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gajski
authors.forename: Višnja
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Oreščanin
authors.forename: Marko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gerić
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kollar
authors.forename: Ivanka
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lovrenčić Mikelić
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Garaj-Vrhovac
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020552:Comet Assay; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis; D008906:Mining; D010126:Ozone; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014501:Uranium / Q000032:analysis / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000633:toxicity*; D014867:Water; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000633:toxicity*; D014875:Water Pollutants, Radioactive / Q000032:analysis / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000633:toxicity*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*; D060753:Water Quality
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D011868:Radioisotopes; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014875:Water Pollutants, Radioactive; D014867:Water; D014501:Uranium; D010126:Ozone
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