title: The CCR5Δ32 allele is not a major predisposing factor for severe H1N1pdm09 infection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Host genetic factors are thought to modulated the severity of disease caused by infection with the 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza virus (H1N1pdm09). The human CCR5 gene encodes a cytokine receptor important for cell-mediated immune response against H1N1pdm09. A 32-bp polymorphic deletion in the coding sequence of CCR5, the so-called CCR5Δ32 allele, segregates in populations of European ancestry with a frequency of 8-15%. A high proportion of CCR5Δ32 heterozygotes was reported in a sample of white Canadian critically-ill H1N1pdm09 infected subjects, suggesting an association with disease severity.
  
  
  METHODS
  We recruited 29 H1N1pdm09 infected subjects from Southern Europe (mostly Italians) with a wide clinical spectrum of disease symptoms; the sample included 7 subjects who developed acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The CCR5Δ32 variant was genotyped in all subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CCR5Δ32 allele was found in one single subject, who developed a very mild form and was not hospitalized.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CCR5Δ32 allele was not found to be associated with the risk of H1N1pdm09 infection or with a severe disease course.
authors.affiliation: Scientific Institute IRCCS E, MEDEA, Bioinformatics, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy. manuela.sironi@bp.lnf.it.
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sironi
authors.forename: Rachele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cagliani
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pontremoli
authors.forename: Marianna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: Guglielmo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Migliorino
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Clerici
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gori
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D001483:Base Sequence; D017931:DNA Primers; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C584933:CCR5 protein, human; D017931:DNA Primers; D019713:Receptors, CCR5
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