title: The metabolism of salidroside to its aglycone p-tyrosol in rats following the administration of salidroside.
abstract: Salidroside is one of the major phenolic glycosides in Rhodiola, which has been reported to possess various biological activities. In the present study the in vivo deglycosylation metabolism of salidroside was investigated and its aglycone p-tyrosol but not the original salidroside was identified as the main form in rat tissues following the administration of salidroside. After the i.v. administration of salidroside at a dose of 50 mg/kg in rats, salidroside was quantified only in the liver, kidney and heart tissues. The highest level of p-tyrosol was detected in the heart, followed by the spleen, kidney, liver and lungs, in order. Salidroside was detected only in the liver, in contrast, p-tyrosol was detectable in most tissues except the brain, and the kidney tissues contained a significant amount of p-tyrosol compared to the other tissues after the i.g. administration of 100 mg/kg salidroside. The excretion behaviour revealed that the administrated salidroside mainly eliminated in the form of salidroside but not its aglycone metabolite p-tyrosol through urine. After i.v. and i.g. administration in rats, 64.00% and 23.80% of the total dose was excreted through urine in the form of salidroside, respectively. In addition, 0.19% and 2.25% of the dose was excreted in the form of p-tyrosol through urine after i.v. and i.g. administration, respectively. The faecal salidroside and p-tyrosol concentrations were 0.3% and 1.48% of the total dose after i.v. administration, respectively. After the i.g. administration of salidroside, trace salidroside and p-tyrosol were quantified in faeces within 72 h. In addition, the biliary excretion levels of salidroside after i.v. and i.g. administration were 2.86% and 0.02% of the dose, respectively. The obtained results show that salidroside was extensively metabolised to its aglycone p-tyrosol and distributed to various organs and the original salidroside was cleared rapidly through urine following the administration of salidroside.
authors.affiliation: School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China; Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Meixuan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Xuejiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Management Office of Laboratory and Equipment (Center of Analysis and Testing), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sui
authors.affiliation: Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China; School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001646:Bile / Q000378:metabolism; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D005960:Glucosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000652:urine; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000652:urine; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D029771:Rhodiola; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D005960:Glucosides; D010636:Phenols; C011867:4-hydroxyphenylethanol; C009172:rhodioloside; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol
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