title: Neural substrate of initiation of cross-modal working memory retrieval.
abstract: Cross-modal working memory requires integrating stimuli from different modalities and it is associated with co-activation of distributed networks in the brain. However, how brain initiates cross-modal working memory retrieval remains not clear yet. In the present study, we developed a cued matching task, in which the necessity for cross-modal/unimodal memory retrieval and its initiation time were controlled by a task cue appeared in the delay period. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), significantly larger brain activations were observed in the left lateral prefrontal cortex (l-LPFC), left superior parietal lobe (l-SPL), and thalamus in the cued cross-modal matching trials (CCMT) compared to those in the cued unimodal matching trials (CUMT). However, no significant differences in the brain activations prior to task cue were observed for sensory stimulation in the l-LPFC and l-SPL areas. Although thalamus displayed differential responses to the sensory stimulation between two conditions, the differential responses were not the same with responses to the task cues. These results revealed that the frontoparietal-thalamus network participated in the initiation of cross-modal working memory retrieval. Secondly, the l-SPL and thalamus showed differential activations between maintenance and working memory retrieval, which might be associated with the enhanced demand for cognitive resources.
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yangyang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Shuchen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaolong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zhaoxin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xianchun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping; D003463:Cues; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology*; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D046709:Pattern Recognition, Physiological / Q000502:physiology; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000502:physiology; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D013788:Thalamus / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*
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