title: Financial exploitation of older adults: a population-based prevalence study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Financial exploitation is the most common and least studied form of elder abuse. Previous research estimating the prevalence of financial exploitation of older adults (FEOA) is limited by a broader emphasis on traditional forms of elder mistreatment (e.g., physical, sexual, emotional abuse/neglect).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  1) estimate the one-year period prevalence and lifetime prevalence of FEOA; 2) describe major FEOA types; and 3) identify factors associated with FEOA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prevalence study with a random, stratified probability sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four thousand, one hundred and fifty-six community-dwelling, cognitively intact adults age ≥ 60 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  New York State.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comprehensive tool developed for this study measured five FEOA domains: 1) stolen or misappropriated money/property; 2) coercion resulting in surrendering rights/property; 3) impersonation to obtain property/services; 4) inadequate contributions toward household expenses, but respondent still had enough money for necessities and 5) respondent was destitute and did not receive necessary assistance from family/friends.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One-year period FEOA prevalence was 2.7% (95% CI, 2.29-3.29) and lifetime prevalence was 4.7% (95% CI, 4.05-5.34). Greater relative risk (RR) of one-year period prevalence was associated with African American/black race (RR, 3.80; 95 % CI, 1.11-13.04), poverty (RR, 1.72; 95 % CI, 1.09-2.71), increasing number of non-spousal household members (RR, 1.16; 95 % CI, 1.06-1.27), and ≥ 1 instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) impairments (RR, 1.69; 95 % CI, 1.12-2.53). Greater RR of lifetime prevalence was associated with African American/black race (RR, 2.61; 95 % CI, 1.37-4.98), poverty (RR, 1.47; 95 % CI, 1.04-2.09), increasing number of non-spousal household members (RR, 1.16; 95 % CI, 1.12-1.21), and having ≥1 IADL (RR, 1.45; 95 % CI, 1.11-1.90) or ≥1 ADL (RR, 1.52; 95 % CI, 1.06-2.18) impairment. Living with a spouse/partner was associated with a significantly lower RR of lifetime prevalence (RR, 0.39; 95 % CI, 0.26-0.59) CONCLUSIONS: Financial exploitation of older adults is a common and serious problem. Elders from groups traditionally considered to be economically, medically, and sociodemographically vulnerable are more likely to self-report financial exploitation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluative Sciences Research, Center for Integrative Medicine, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 46, New York, NY, 10065, USA, jcpeters@med.cornell.edu.
authors.forename: Janey C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: David P R
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Burnes
authors.forename: Paul L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Caccamise
authors.forename: Art
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mason
authors.forename: Charles R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.forename: Martin T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Wells
authors.forename: Jacquelin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Berman
authors.forename: Ann Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shukoff
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brownell
authors.forename: Mebane
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Powell
authors.forename: Aurora
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salamone
authors.forename: Karl A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Pillemer
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lachs
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004552:Elder Abuse / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005607:Fraud / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009518:New York / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D057566:Self Report; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
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