title: Assessment of postcrumble addition of limestone and calcium-specific appetite in broilers during the starter phase.
abstract: A study was done to determine whether broilers can regulate Ca intake when limestone is provided separately or mixed with a crumbled feed of variable Ca and P content, and the influence of this on performance and apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of Ca and P (AIDP). Twelve crumbled diets were fed from 10 to 20 d of age (8 replicates, 8 broilers/replicate). Diets A to D contained 0.28% nonphytate P (nPP) and 0.27, 0.51, 0.77, and 1.02% Ca, respectively. Diets E to H contained 0.48% nPP and 0.41, 0.51, 0.77, and 1.02% Ca, respectively. A large particle size limestone was mixed manually to the crumbled diet on a daily basis to achieve 1.02% total Ca in diets A to H. Diets I to L had the same Ca and nPP as diets A to D, but limestone was provided in a separate feeder to assess spatial importance of limestone supply. Limestone consumption, provided in a separate feeder, decreased as Ca concentration increased in the crumble diet (P < 0.05). Calcium intake increased as Ca concentration in crumbled diets increased (P < 0.05). Increased tibia ash and decreased AIDP were observed as Ca intake increased (P < 0.05). When limestone was added to diets containing 0.28% nPP postcrumble, Ca intake (6.38 g/bird), tibia ash (717 mg/bone), and AIDP (39.78%) were not affected by crumbled diet Ca concentration or consumed Ca. Broilers fed diets containing 0.48% nPP and limestone mixed with the crumble, Ca intake changed (5.96, 6.93, 6.59, and 6.04 g/bird for crumble diet with 0.41, 0.51, 0.77, and 1.02% Ca, respectively). Increasing Ca concentration in the crumble from 0.41 to 1.02% resulted in greater tibia ash (875 mg/bone) but lower AIDP (P < 0.05), although Ca intake was similar. In conclusion, when large particle size limestone was provided ad libitum, the ability of broilers to select for Ca was not sufficient to meet their requirement when crumble Ca was less than 0.77%. The AIDP was highest in birds fed the 0.27% Ca concentration diet.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park 20740.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park 20740 rangel@umd.edu.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Angel
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park 20740.
authors.forename: S-W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park 20740.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Moreno
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park 20740.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Proszkowiec-Weglarz
authors.affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Pergamino, 1425, Argentina.
authors.forename: B F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Iglesias
authors.affiliation: Poultry Research Foundation, Faculty of Veterinary Science, the University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Wilkinson
authors.affiliation: Poultry Research Foundation, Faculty of Veterinary Science, the University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Cowieson
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000378:metabolism*; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000378:metabolism*; D002645:Chickens / Q000502:physiology*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D004063:Digestion; D007082:Ileum / Q000502:physiology; D016226:Phosphorus, Dietary / Q000378:metabolism*; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D016226:Phosphorus, Dietary; D002119:Calcium Carbonate
keywords: bone ash; broiler; digestibility; limestone; separate feeding
references.citation: J Nutr. 1971 May;101(5):677-85
references.pmid: 5577902
references.citation: Poult Sci. 2008 Mar;87(3):449-58
references.pmid: 18281570
references.citation: Br J Nutr. 1991 Sep;66(2):251-9
references.pmid: 1662069
references.citation: Br Poult Sci. 2007 Feb;48(1):71-5
references.pmid: 17364543
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 1993 Jan 25;268(3):1521-4
references.pmid: 8420927
references.citation: Br Poult Sci. 1966 Oct;7(4):285-90
references.pmid: 5969944
references.citation: Poult Sci. 2004 Aug;83(8):1358-67
references.pmid: 15339011
references.citation: J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Jul 30;51(16):4687-93
references.pmid: 14705897
references.citation: Poult Sci. 1984 Nov;63(11):2261-7
references.pmid: 6514668
references.citation: J Anim Sci. 2012 Sep;90(9):3120-5
references.pmid: 22585801
references.citation: Poult Sci. 2009 Feb;88(2):338-53
references.pmid: 19151349
references.citation: J Anim Sci. 2004 Jan;82(1):319-28
references.pmid: 14753376
references.citation: Poult Sci. 1989 Nov;68(11):1499-505
references.pmid: 2608615
references.citation: Anim Behav. 1971 Aug;19(3):490-9
references.pmid: 5156615