title: DL-/PO-phosphatidylcholine restores restraint stress-induced depression-related behaviors and spatial memory impairment.
abstract: The present study investigated the effects of 1,2-dilinoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DL-PC) and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PO-PC) on depression-related behaviors and spatial memory impairment in mice subjected to restraint stress. The immobility time in forced-swim and tail-suspension tests for mice subjected to restraint stress was significantly longer than that for nonstressed control mice, and oral coadministration of DL-PC and PO-PC (DL-/PO-PC; DL-PC : PO-PC=1 : 1) shortened the prolonged immobility time in a dose (0.1-5 mg/kg)-dependent manner. In the water maze test, the retention latency for stressed mice was significantly longer than that for control mice and DL-/PO-PC (1 mg/kg, per os) reversed the prolonged latency to control levels. Phosphorylation of Akt and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) in the hypothalamus of stressed mice was significantly reduced compared with that for control mice, and DL-/PO-PC (1 mg/kg, per os) recovered the reduced phosphorylation of Akt and GSK-3β. The results of the present study indicate that DL-/PO-PC has the potential to ameliorate stress-induced depression-related behaviors and memory impairment, possibly by activating Akt and inhibiting GSK-3β.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Division of Bioinformation, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanno
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishizaki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012149:Restraint, Physical; D065852:Spatial Memory / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs; C002448:1,2-linoleoylphosphatidylcholine; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; C000605507:Gsk3b protein, mouse; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; C028694:1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine