title: Primary multifocal lymphoma of peripheral nervous system: case report and review of the literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Primary lymphomas of peripheral nerves are extremely rare, and only a few cases have been reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  We describe the clinical, neurophysiological, radiological, and pathological findings in a 61-year-old woman affected by primary multifocal lymphoma of the peripheral nervous system without systemic involvement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fascicular left femoral nerve biopsy was decisive for the diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Magnetic resonance imaging, fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography computed tomography, and nerve ultrasound contributed to the diagnosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Primary lymphoma of peripheral nerves (PLPNs) is a rare but potentially treatable condition, which is frequently misdiagnosed. In the literature, there are very few descriptions of PLPNs, most of which are mononeuropathies. The possibility of a neuropathy associated with lymphoma should be considered in patients with poor response to treatment and severe pain symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neurology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Del Grande
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sabatelli
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Luigetti
authors.forename: Amelia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Conte
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Granata
authors.forename: Vittoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rufini
authors.forename: Annemilia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Del Ciello
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gaudino
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hohaus
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Coli
authors.forename: Libero
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lauriola
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D005260:Female; D005267:Femoral Nerve / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D009378:Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D010524:Peripheral Nervous System Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography
keywords: FDG PET-CT; nerve biopsy; nerve ultrasound; neurolymphomatosis; primary lymphoma of peripheral nerves