title: miR-19a acts as an oncogenic microRNA and is up-regulated in bladder cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The application of microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential biomarkers and therapy targets has been widely investigated in many kinds of cancers. The discovery of tumor associated miRNAs in serum of patients supported the use of plasma/serum miRNAs as noninvasive means of cancer detection. However, the aberrant expression of miRNAs in bladder cancer patients and their intensive roles and mechanisms in bladder cancer are poorly understood.
  
  
  METHODS
  Taqman probe stem-loop real-time PCR was used to accurately measure the levels of miR-19a in bladder cancer cell lines, 100 pairs of bladder cancer tissues and the adjacent non-neoplastic tissues and also the plasma collected from bladder cancer patients and normal controls. miR-19a mimics and inhibitors were transfected into bladder cancer cells to investigate its role on regulating cell proliferation which was measured by CCK-8 and colony formation assay. The target of miR-19a was identified by western blot and whether its regulatory role depends on its target was improved by a rescue experiment with miR-19a mimic and PTEN expression plasmid.
  
  
  RESULTS
  miR-19a was significantly up-regulated in bladder cancer tissues and high-level of miR-19a was correlative with more aggressive phenotypes of bladder cancer. Meanwhile, gain or loss of function of miR-19a demonstrated that miR-19a can promote cell growth of bladder cancer cells and the further mechanism studies indicated that its oncogenic role was dependent on targeting PTEN. Furthermore, investigation of miR-19a expression in the plasma of bladder cancer patients showed that miR-19a was also increased in plasma of bladder cancer patients which strongly supported miR-19a could be developed as potential diagnostic marker of bladder cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data indicated that miR-19a might act as an oncogenic microRNA in bladder cancer and was significantly up-regulated in bladder cancer carcinogenesis. The oncogenic role of miR19a in bladder cancer was dependent on targeting PTEN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Suining Central Hospital, 127 Deshengxi Road, Chuanshan District, Suining 629000, P R China. uroygfeng@sina.com.
authors.forename: Yougang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yongming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Zhou
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D015854:Up-Regulation; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C549214:MIRN19A microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C494929:PTEN protein, human
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