title: Selection of adjuvant intravesical therapies using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer scoring system in patients at intermediate risk of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated whether the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) scoring system can be used for the selection of adjuvant intravesical therapies for individual patients who undergo transurethral resection (TURB) for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively analyzed the data of 469 TURB cases for NMIBC. Clinical and pathological variables were compared using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses. The recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and the log-rank test was used to compare groups divided according to EORTC score or type of adjuvant therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall RFS rate at 1 and 3 years was 59.1 and 40.3%, respectively. Of the total, 424 TURB cases (90.4%) had an EORTC score of 1-9. Tumor number, size, and grade were significant predictors of time to recurrence. The EORTC score was a significant predictor of RFS according to multivariate analysis, and the hazard ratios increased according to each EORTC score in multivariate analysis of a combination of EORTC score and adjuvant therapies. In groups with intermediate recurrence risk as defined by the European Association of Urology guidelines, the recurrence prevention effects in patients with an EORTC score of ≥ 5 were significantly greater with intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy than with weekly intravesical chemotherapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The EORTC scoring system provides useful information for the selection of adjuvant therapies for patients at intermediate risk of NMIBC recurrence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ofude
authors.forename: Yasuhide
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yaegashi
authors.forename: Kouji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Izumi
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kadono
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Konaka
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mizokami
authors.forename: Mikio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Namiki
mesh_terms: D000283:Administration, Intravesical; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000465:Algorithms; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018579:Patient Selection; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D015996:Survival Rate; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology
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