title: Racial/ethnic and income disparities in child and adolescent exposure to food and beverage television ads across the U.S. media markets.
abstract: Obesity prevalence and related health burdens are greater among U.S. racial/ethnic minority and low-income populations. Targeted advertising may contribute to disparities. Designated market area (DMA) spot television ratings were used to assess geographic differences in child/adolescent exposure to food-related advertisements based on DMA-level racial/ethnic and income characteristics. Controlling for unobserved DMA-level factors and time trends, child/adolescent exposure to food-related ads, particularly for sugar-sweetened beverages and fast-food restaurants, was significantly higher in areas with higher proportions of black children/adolescents and lower-income households. Geographically targeted TV ads are important to consider when assessing obesity-promoting influences in black and low-income neighborhoods.
authors.affiliation: Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health and Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA. Electronic address: powelll@uic.edu.
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Powell
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA.
authors.forename: Roy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.affiliation: Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Shiriki K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kumanyika
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000329:Advertising / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001741:Black or African American; D001628:Beverages; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005006:Ethnicity; D057140:Fast Foods; D005502:Food; D019649:Food Industry / Q000639:trends; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D009765:Obesity / Q000208:ethnology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011204:Poverty Areas; D015995:Prevalence; D012147:Restaurants; D013690:Television; D014481:United States
keywords: Income disparities; Media markets; Racial/ethnic disparities; Television advertising
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