title: [Good experiences with interactive temporal bone surgical simulator].
abstract: The Visible Ear Simulator (VES) is a freeware temporal bone surgical simulator utilizing a high-fidelity haptic and graphical voxel model compiled from segmented digital images of fresh frozen sections. A haptic device provides the 3-dimensional handling and drilling with force-feedback in real time. In a multilingual user interface the integrated tutor function provides stepwise instructions during drilling through an intuitive, volumetric approach. A censor function draws on metrics derived from the simulator to provide instant and summary feedback for the user. The VES can be downloaded from http://ves.cg.alexandra.dk.
authors.affiliation: Øre- næse- halskirurgisk Klinik, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 København Ø. stevenarild@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Steven A W
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: Peter Trier
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Mikkelsen
authors.forename: Karsten Ostergaard
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Noe
authors.forename: Mads Sølvsten
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Sørensen
mesh_terms: D003198:Computer Simulation; D003194:Computer-Assisted Instruction; D006801:Humans; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D013506:Otologic Surgical Procedures / Q000193:education; D012984:Software; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000601:surgery*; D014584:User-Computer Interface