title: A canine model of experimental infection with Leishmania (L.) mexicana.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a tropical disease affecting over one million patients annually and Leishmania (L.) mexicana is one of the major etiological agents in the Americas. Here we established the first experimental infection of L. (L.) mexicana in canids.
  
  
  METHODS
  Beagle dogs were infected intradermally with culture-derived L. (L.) mexicana. We followed skin ulcer development, histopathological signs, parasite burden and the immune status of the infected dogs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All infected dogs developed uniform oval-craterform ulcers similar to those observed in humans, associated with mixed T helper 1/T helper 2 immune responses. Parasites were detected in the healed lesions 15 weeks post-infection. Higher anti-Leishmania IgG levels correlated with larger lesions and high IgG1/IgG2 ratio was associated with some level of splenomegaly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The canine model described in this work will be of use for further understanding of L. (L.) mexicana immunopathogenensis, and for drug and vaccine development.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Parasitología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr, Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Calle 96 S/N x Av, Jacinto Canek y Calle 47, 97225 Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico. vladimir.cruz@uady.mx.
authors.forename: Julio Vladimir
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Cruz-Chan
authors.forename: Amarú del Carmen
authors.initials: Adel C
authors.lastname: Aguilar-Cetina
authors.forename: Liliana Estefanía
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Villanueva-Lizama
authors.forename: Pedro Pablo
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Martínez-Vega
authors.forename: Maria Jesús
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ramírez-Sierra
authors.forename: Miguel Enrique
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Rosado-Vallado
authors.forename: José Leonardo
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Guillermo-Cordero
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dumonteil
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D007894:Leishmania mexicana; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000473:pathology
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