title: Human leukocyte antigen DR surface expression on CD14+ monocytes during adverse events after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
abstract: The human leukocyte antigen DR surface expression on CD14+ monocytes reflects the degree to which these cells have been activated. Given the central role monocytes and macrophages play in the immune system, a decreased human leukocyte antigen DR expression on CD14+ monocytes results in a hallmark of altered immune status during systemic inflammatory response syndrome. We hypothesize that human leukocyte antigen DR expression might be similarly altered after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and during post-transplant complications. Using flow cytometry, this study investigates the human leukocyte antigen DR surface expression of CD14+ monocytes in 30 pediatric and young adult patients up to 1 year after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Normal values were derived from a control group of healthy children, adolescents, and young adults. Human leukocyte antigen DR expression decreased significantly prior and during bacterial infection or sepsis. By contrast, human leukocyte antigen DR expression levels were elevated before and at the time of viremia. Human leukocyte antigen DR expression was also elevated during acute graft-versus-host disease. In contrast, the expression was reduced when patients had hepatic veno-occlusive disease. A significant decrease of human leukocyte antigen DR expression was associated with a relapse of the underlying disease and before death. Human leukocyte antigen DR expression on CD14+ monocytes appears to be a promising parameter that might allow identification of patients at risk after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Department I - General Paediatrics, Hematology/Oncology, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 1, 72076, Tübingen, Germany, michaela.doering@med.uni-tuebingen.de.
authors.forename: Michaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Döring
authors.forename: Karin Melanie
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Rohrer
authors.forename: Annika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Erbacher
authors.forename: Friederike
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gieseke
authors.forename: Carl-Philipp
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Schwarze
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bader
authors.forename: Rupert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Handgretinger
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hofbeck
authors.forename: Gunter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kerst
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018805:Sepsis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor