title: Anti-inflammatory effects of Lactococcus lactis NCDO 2118 during the remission period of chemically induced colitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Many probiotic bacteria have been described as promising tools for the treatment and prevention of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Most of these bacteria are lactic acid bacteria, which are part of the healthy human microbiota. However, little is known about the effects of transient bacteria present in normal diets, including Lactococcus lactis.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the present study, we analysed the immunomodulatory effects of three L. lactis strains in vitro using intestinal epithelial cells. L. lactis NCDO 2118 was administered for 4 days to C57BL/6 mice during the remission period of colitis induced by dextran sodium sulphate (DSS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only one strain, L. lactis NCDO 2118, was able to reduce IL-1β-induced IL-8 secretion in Caco-2 cells, suggesting a potential anti-inflammatory effect. Oral treatment using L. lactis NCDO 2118 resulted in a milder form of recurrent colitis than that observed in control diseased mice. This protective effect was not attributable to changes in secretory IgA (sIgA); however, NCDO 2118 administration was associated with an early increase in IL-6 production and sustained IL-10 production in colonic tissue. Mice fed L. lactis NCDO 2118 had an increased number of regulatory CD4(+) T cells (Tregs) bearing surface TGF-β in its latent form (Latency-associated peptide-LAP) in the mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Here, we identified a new probiotic strain with a potential role in the treatment of IBD, and we elucidated some of the mechanisms underlying its anti-inflammatory effect.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tessalia Diniz
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Luerce
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Cristina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Gomes-Santos
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Clarissa Santos
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciência de Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thais Garcias
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Déborah Nogueira
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luísa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lemos
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adna Luciana
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Sousa
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vanessa Bastos
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Azevedo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kátia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Moraes
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Denise Carmona
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Cara
authors.affiliation: Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina.
authors.forename: Jean Guy
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: LeBlanc
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vasco
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Azevedo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Maria Caetano
authors.initials: AMC
authors.lastname: Faria
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Anderson
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miyoshi
keywords: Colitis; Cytokines; Lactococcus lactis; Probiotics; Regulatory T cells
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