title: Treatment of skin laxity using multisource, phase-controlled radiofrequency in Asians: visualized 3-dimensional skin tightening results and increase in elastin density shown through histologic investigation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A new multisource phase-controlled radiofrequency (MPCRF) device is widely used for skin tightening and rejuvenation in Asia.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of MPCRF objectively and histologically.
  
  
  METHODS
  An MPCRF device with real-time impedance control was evaluated. Ten Japanese patients were treated one side of the face, and the untreated side served as a control. Three-dimensional (3-D) imaging was performed to evaluate the posttreatment volume change. An independent observer assessed the 3-D images. Histologic evaluations of elastin were performed by Victoria Blue staining in 5 Japanese patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Objective assessments evaluated by a 3-D color schematic representation showed improvement in skin laxity after the final treatment in all patients. The treated side improved markedly compared with the untreated side; however, even the untreated side slightly improved. The elastin density was significantly increased compared with controls in all 5 Japanese patients (p = .0013). Induced elastin appeared to be relatively thin elastic fibers without irregular elastic fibers, such as solar elastosis. Side effects were not observed, and the patients reported feeling comfortable throughout the study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Multisource phase-controlled radiofrequency treatments provide stimulation of elastin and skin-tightening results safely and effectively, and thus are beneficial for improving skin laxity and rhytides.
authors.affiliation: *Clinica Tanaka Plastic, Reconstructive Surgery and Anti-aging Center, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan; †Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; ‡Department of Applied Life Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Yohei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Yuichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsunemi
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawashima
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tatewaki
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishida
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques; D004548:Elasticity; D004549:Elastin / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D010781:Photography; D000078702:Radiofrequency Therapy; D012780:Short-Wave Therapy; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D012867:Skin / Q000737:chemistry; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D012460:Sulfasalazine
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D012460:Sulfasalazine; C041370:victoria blue; D004549:Elastin