title: Nonatherosclerotic obstructive vascular diseases of the mesenteric and renal arteries.
abstract: Nonatherosclerotic vascular diseases of the mesenteric and renal arteries are considered to occur less frequently than those caused by occlusive atherosclerotic disease. However, when present, they pose a significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Such disorders include fibromuscular dysplasia, median arcuate ligament syndrome, the renal nutcracker syndrome, and some forms of acute and chronic mesenteric ischemia (embolic and thrombotic). This is a heterogeneous group of disorders with substantial differences in the pathogenesis and diagnostic approaches to these diseases. We provide an overview of the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and current management of fibromuscular dysplasia, median arcuate ligament syndrome, and the renal nutcracker syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC.
authors.forename: Ricardo O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Escárcega
authors.forename: Moses
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mathur
authors.forename: Joseph J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.forename: Mohamad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alkhouli
authors.forename: Chirdeep
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Kanwar
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Riyaz
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bashir
authors.forename: Pravin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Patil
mesh_terms: D002445:Celiac Artery / Q000473:pathology; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D005352:Fibromuscular Dysplasia / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008638:Mesenteric Arteries; D008641:Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D012078:Renal Artery Obstruction / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D059228:Renal Nutcracker Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy
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