title: The Direct Boil-LAMP method: a simple and rapid diagnostic method for cutaneous leishmaniasis.
abstract: Needle biopsy is widely used for the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) to obtain specimens for histology and culture. However, the use of such invasive procedures causes discomfort, requires technical expertise, and carries risks of bleeding and iatrogenic infection. Therefore, developing substitutive non-invasive diagnostic tools for CL will help reduce the risk of secondary infection and the exposure of both infected individuals and medical professionals. Here we employed loop-mediated isothermal amplification and boiled swab samples (Direct Boil-LAMP method) from CL model mice to develop a simple and rapid diagnostic method for CL. The detection limit of this procedure was 1.0×10(3)parasites/mL. Accordingly, this substitutive diagnostic method should prove useful for mass screening. In addition, we discuss the potential advantages of using it, particularly in endemic regions where medical resources are limited.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mikita
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan. Electronic address: tmaeda@ndmc.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Sachio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Global Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.affiliation: Department of Global Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyahira
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kawana
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D018320:Leishmania major / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000469:parasitology; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D021141:Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D013048:Specimen Handling; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Cutaneous leishmaniasis; Diagnosis; Direct Boil-LAMP; LAMP; Leishmania major; Swab