title: Exploration of the Effect of Tobacco Smoking on Metabolic Measures in Young People Living with HIV.
abstract: We conducted cross-sectional, multicenter studies in HIV-positive young women and men to assess metabolic and morphologic complications from tobacco smoking in 372 behaviorally infected HIV-positive youth, aged 14-25 years. Measurements included self-reported tobacco use, fasting lipids, glucose, fat distribution, and bone mineral density (BMD; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans). Overall, 144 (38.7%) self-reported smoking tobacco and 69 (47.9%) of these reported smoking greater than five cigarettes per day. Smokers versus nonsmokers had lower mean total cholesterol (146.0 versus 156.1 mg/dL; P < 0.01) and lower mean total body fat percent (24.1% versus 27.2%, P = 0.03). There was no difference between smokers and nonsmokers in fasting glucose or BMD. There appear to be only minimal effects from tobacco smoking on markers of cardiac risk and bone health in this population of HIV-positive youth. While these smokers may not have had sufficient exposure to tobacco to detect changes in the outcome measures, given the long-term risks associated with smoking and HIV, it is critical that we encourage HIV-positive youth smokers to quit before the deleterious effects become apparent.
authors.affiliation: University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94117, USA.
authors.forename: Mark L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Rubinstein
authors.affiliation: Westat, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
authors.forename: D Robert
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.affiliation: New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
authors.forename: Bret J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Rudy
authors.affiliation: Maternal and Pediatric Infectious Diseases Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Bill G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Kapogiannis
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA.
authors.forename: Grace M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Aldrovandi
authors.affiliation: University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94117, USA ; San Francisco General Hospital Division of Endocrinology, Building 30, Room 3501K, 1001 Potrero Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mulligan
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