title: Sevoflurane as a therapy for acute chlorine gas exposure in an austere healthcare environment: a case report.
abstract: Chlorine is a common agent found worldwide in industrial and household applications. This element is found everywhere and anywhere around the globe. Because of its ubiquitous nature in the world, chlorine-injured patients may be expected at all medical facilities, from large-urban to small-community to austere-tent facilities. Chlorine has been used as a chemical weapon since 1915 and has been accidentally released in transport, storage, and use, causing industrial accidents worldwide. A patient with a history of severe chlorine inhalational injury sustained 2 chlorine gas exposures within 48 hours. The patient was treated with intubation, mechanical ventilation, and directed therapies for severe injury by chlorine gas inhalation. Sevoflurane has a role in treating chlorine inhalation injury. Additional therapies are possible, some of which are not available in remote locations.
authors.forename: Sarah R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Bellenger
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Frizzi
mesh_terms: D000346:Afghanistan; D002713:Chlorine / Q000633:toxicity*; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D019570:Inhalation Exposure; D007440:Intubation; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008887:Military Medicine / Q000379:methods; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D014481:United States; D062065:Wastewater; D018508:Water Purification
chemical_list: D002713:Chlorine; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D062065:Wastewater