title: Biocatalytic behaviour of immobilized Rhizopus oryzae lipase in the 1,3-selective ethanolysis of sunflower oil to obtain a biofuel similar to biodiesel.
abstract: A new biofuel similar to biodiesel was obtained in the 1,3-selective transesterification reaction of sunflower oil with ethanol using as biocatalyst a Rhizopus oryzae lipase (ROL) immobilized on Sepiolite, an inorganic support. The studied lipase was a low cost powdered enzyme preparation, Biolipase-R, from Biocon-Spain, a multipurpose additive used in food industry. In this respect, it is developed a study to optimize the immobilization procedure of these lipases on Sepiolite. Covalent immobilization was achieved by the development of an inorganic-organic hybrid linker formed by a functionalized hydrocarbon chain with a pendant benzaldehyde, bonded to the AlPO4 support surface. Thus, the covalent immobilization of lipases on amorphous AlPO4/sepiolite (20/80 wt %) support was evaluated by using two different linkers (p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and benzylamine-terephthalic aldehyde, respectively). Besides, the catalytic behavior of lipases after physical adsorption on the demineralized sepiolite  was also evaluated. Obtained results indicated that covalent immobilization with the p-hydroxybenzaldehyde linker gave the best biocatalytic behavior. Thus, this covalently immobilized lipase showed a remarkable stability as well as an excellent capacity of reutilization (more than five successive reuses) without a significant loss of its initial catalytic activity. This could allow a more efficient fabrication of biodiesel minimizing the glycerol waste production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, Córdoba 14014, Spain. qo2luduc@uco.es.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Luna
authors.affiliation: Crystallographic Studies Laboratory, Andalusian Institute of Earth Sciences, CSIC, Avda. Las Palmeras 4, Armilla 18100, Granada, Spain. cverdugoe@lec.csic.es.
authors.forename: Cristóbal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Verdugo
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Severo Ochoa, Córdoba 14014, Spain. edsancho@uco.es.
authors.forename: Enrique D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Sancho
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, Córdoba 14014, Spain. seneca@uco.es.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Luna
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, Córdoba 14014, Spain. p72camaj@uco.es.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Calero
authors.affiliation: Seneca Green Catalyst S.L., Campus de Rabanales, Córdoba 14014, Spain. seneca@uco.es.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Posadillo
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, Córdoba 14014, Spain. qo1baruf@uco.es.
authors.forename: Felipa M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Bautista
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, Córdoba 14014, Spain. qo1rorea@uco.es.
authors.forename: Antonio A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Romero
mesh_terms: D055162:Biocatalysis; D056804:Biofuels; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D008049:Lipase / Q000378:metabolism*; D017633:Magnesium Silicates / Q000737:chemistry; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D012233:Rhizopus / Q000201:enzymology*; D000074242:Sunflower Oil
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D017633:Magnesium Silicates; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; C001671:magnesium trisilicate; D008049:Lipase
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