title: End resection at double-strand breaks: mechanism and regulation.
abstract: RecA/Rad51 catalyzed pairing of homologous DNA strands, initiated by polymerization of the recombinase on single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), is a universal feature of homologous recombination (HR). Generation of ssDNA from a double-strand break (DSB) requires nucleolytic degradation of the 5'-terminated strands to generate 3'-ssDNA tails, a process referred to as 5'-3' end resection. The RecBCD helicase-nuclease complex is the main end-processing machine in Gram-negative bacteria. Mre11-Rad50 and Mre11-Rad50-Xrs2/Nbs1 can play a direct role in end resection in archaea and eukaryota, respectively, by removing end-blocking lesions and act indirectly by recruiting the helicases and nucleases responsible for extensive resection. In eukaryotic cells, the initiation of end resection has emerged as a critical regulatory step to differentiate between homology-dependent and end-joining repair of DSBs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032.
authors.forename: Lorraine S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Symington
mesh_terms: D001105:Archaea / Q000235:genetics; D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; D053903:DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000502:physiology*; D004277:DNA, Single-Stranded / Q000378:metabolism; D056890:Eukaryota / Q000235:genetics; D008957:Models, Genetic
chemical_list: D004277:DNA, Single-Stranded
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