title: Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate: technical aspects and role in clinical management.
abstract: The heterogeneity and largely indolent nature of prostate cancer require better tools to avoid overdetection of low-risk disease and improve diagnostic accuracy in high-risk patients. During the last 3 decades, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has evolved to become the most accurate imaging technique for prostate cancer detection and staging, with a promising role in risk stratification. Because each MRI technique has advantages and limitations, state of the art of the so-called multiparametric MRI of the prostate is achieved combining anatomical T2-weighted imaging integrated with other techniques in which image contrast is related to the pathophysiology of the disease, such as diffusion-weighted imaging, dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging, and MR spectroscopy. After reviewing this article, readers will understand the clinical challenges in the management of patients with confirmed or suspected prostate cancer, when and how multiparametric MRI of the prostate can provide meaningful information, and how to perform and interpret it.
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of *Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center and †Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX.
authors.forename: Daniel N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pedrosa
authors.forename: Claus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roehrborn
authors.forename: Neil M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Rofsky
mesh_terms: D003287:Contrast Media; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media