title: Significantly increased monounsaturated lipids relative to polyunsaturated lipids in six types of cancer microenvironment are observed by mass spectrometry imaging.
abstract: Six different types of cancer (i.e., breast, lung, colorectal, esophageal, gastric, and thyroid cancer) have high rates of incidence or mortality worldwide. It has been shown that activation of de novo lipogenesis is an early and common event in the cancer microenvironment. In this study, we performed lipid imaging and profiling for 134 tissue samples from six different types of cancer using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, with 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid and 1,8-bis(dimethyl-amino)naphthalene as matrices in the positive and negative ion modes, respectively. Multivariate statistical analysis coupled with lipid distribution images revealed that significantly increased levels of monounsaturated fatty acids and monounsaturated phosphatidylcholines relative to polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholines were observed in the cancer microenvironment compared with the adjacent normal tissue. The immunohistochemical assay indicated that fatty acid synthase, stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1, and choline kinase α were up-regulated in the cancer microenvironment compared with the adjacent normal tissue. Our findings suggest that de novo lipogenesis was activated in six types of cancer to promote a biosynthesis of lipids with monounsaturated acyl chains and to suppress a biosynthesis of polyunsaturated lipids in the cancer microenvironment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Shuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Heze Municipal Hospital, Shandong 274031, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yanmin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhili
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D015057:1-Naphthylamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002797:Choline Kinase / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005841:Gentisates / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D050155:Lipogenesis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment
chemical_list: D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D005841:Gentisates; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; C418992:1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene; D015057:1-Naphthylamine; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases; C517212:CHKA protein, human; D002797:Choline Kinase; C010925:2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid
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