title: Characterization of differentially expressed genes in liver in response to the rearing temperature of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and their heritable differences.
abstract: To characterize thermal-responsive genes in fish, firstly, juvenile rainbow trout were reared in four different temperature conditions (average temperatures were 10, 14, 18, and 22 °C, respectively) and differentially expressed genes were identified. Gene expression in the liver was analyzed by the differential display method, followed by validation using real-time PCR. Subsequently, to examine whether the identified genes show heritable differences, the gene expression levels were compared among juveniles of three genetically distinct lines of rainbow trout (a strain and two closed colonies) by rearing at two different temperature conditions (average 14 and 22 °C). By rearing at 22 °C, growth retardation was observed compared with fish reared at 14 and 18 °C, and six genes were identified as differentially expressed genes in response to the rearing temperature in the gene expression analyses. With the increase in rearing temperature, gene expressions of a complement C1q and two ribosomal proteins were significantly up-regulated. On the other hand, three metabolic genes (betaine homocysteine methyltransferase, triosephosphate isomerase, and glucose-6-phosphatase) were down-regulated, indicating a metabolic depression due to high temperature. In the subsequent analyses, in response to the rearing temperature (14 and 22 °C), there was a trend that the complement C1q and glucose-6-phosphatase genes showed different expression patterns among the three rainbow trout lines, suggesting heritable differences in these genes. Our study provides information on thermal-responsive genes in fish, and we anticipate it will facilitate further investigation in the thermal biology of fish.
authors.affiliation: National Research Institute of Aquaculture, Tamaki Station, Tamaki, Mie, 519-0423, Japan, hiromi@fra.affrc.go.jp.
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oku
authors.forename: Masaharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tokuda
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsunari
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Furuita
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murashita
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000822:Animal Husbandry; D000818:Animals; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000502:physiology*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012313:RNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D012313:RNA
references.citation: Physiol Genomics. 2011 Jun 15;43(11):685-96
references.pmid: 21467159
references.citation: Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2005 Oct;289(4):R1177-84
references.pmid: 15932967
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2001 Nov 23;276(47):43958-69
references.pmid: 11551941
references.citation: Mar Biotechnol (NY). 2010 Nov;12(6):650-63
references.pmid: 20107851
references.citation: Mol Biosyst. 2010 Jan;6(1):152-64
references.pmid: 20024078
references.citation: J Comp Physiol B. 2013 Jan;183(1):109-21
references.pmid: 22872185
references.citation: Fish Physiol Biochem. 2008 Jun;34(2):103-16
references.pmid: 18649028
references.citation: Physiol Genomics. 2010 Apr 1;41(2):171-84
references.pmid: 20103695
references.citation: Physiol Genomics. 2010 Aug;42(3):361-73
references.pmid: 20551145
references.citation: Mar Biotechnol (NY). 2013 Aug;15(4):445-60
references.pmid: 23547003
references.citation: J Fish Dis. 2010 Oct;33(10):789-801
references.pmid: 20678104
references.citation: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2010 Nov;1804(11):2089-101
references.pmid: 20709194
references.citation: Cell Mol Life Sci. 2006 Dec;63(23):2792-803
references.pmid: 17086380
references.citation: Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2013 Jan;164(1):44-53
references.pmid: 23051589
references.citation: Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc. 2009 May;84(2):277-92
references.pmid: 19344429
references.citation: Innate Immun. 2012 Apr;18(2):350-63
references.pmid: 21450789
references.citation: J Exp Biol. 2013 Apr 1;216(Pt 7):1183-90
references.pmid: 23487268
references.citation: Mar Biotechnol (NY). 2006 Mar-Apr;8(2):178-88
references.pmid: 16505978
references.citation: Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2008 Apr;149(4):552-6
references.pmid: 18234536
references.citation: J Hered. 2005 Mar-Apr;96(2):97-107
references.pmid: 15653562
references.citation: Cell Tissue Res. 2011 Jan;343(1):227-35
references.pmid: 20838815
references.citation: J Appl Physiol (1985). 2002 Apr;92(4):1725-42
references.pmid: 11896043
references.citation: Biochem Cell Biol. 1995 Nov-Dec;73(11-12):979-86
references.pmid: 8722013
references.citation: Annu Rev Nutr. 1999;19:379-406
references.pmid: 10448530
references.citation: Mol Ecol. 2009 May;18(10):2092-102
references.pmid: 19389180
references.citation: Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2006 Oct;145(2):168-78
references.pmid: 16904358
references.citation: Anal Biochem. 1987 Apr;162(1):156-9
references.pmid: 2440339