title: Three-dimensional printing of nanomaterial scaffolds for complex tissue regeneration.
abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) printing has recently expanded in popularity, and become the cutting edge of tissue engineering research. A growing emphasis from clinicians on patient-specific care, coupled with an increasing knowledge of cellular and biomaterial interaction, has led researchers to explore new methods that enable the greatest possible control over the arrangement of cells and bioactive nanomaterials in defined scaffold geometries. In this light, the cutting edge technology of 3D printing also enables researchers to more effectively compose multi-material and cell-laden scaffolds with less effort. In this review, we explore the current state of 3D printing with a focus on printing of nanomaterials and their effect on various complex tissue regeneration applications.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, The George Washington University , Washington, District of Columbia.
authors.forename: Christopher M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Faucett
authors.forename: Lijie Grace
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D066330:Printing, Three-Dimensional; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
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