title: Anticancer efficacy of photodynamic therapy with hematoporphyrin-modified, doxorubicin-loaded nanoparticles in liver cancer.
abstract: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) in combination with chemotherapy has great potential for cancer treatment. However, there have been very few attempts to developing cancer-targeted co-delivered systems of photosensitizers and anticancer drugs. We developed hematoporphyrin (HP)-modified doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded nanoparticles (HP-NPs) to improve the therapeutic effect of PDT in treating liver cancer. HP is not only a ligand for low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors on the hepatoma cells but also a well-known photosensitizer for PDT. In vitro phototoxicity in HepG2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma) cells and in vivo anticancer efficacy in HepG2 tumor-bearing mice of free HP and HP-NPs were evaluated. The in vitro phototoxicity in HepG2 cells determined by MTT assay, annexin V-FITC staining and FACS analysis was enhanced in HP-NPs compared with free HP. Furthermore, compared with free HP-based PDT, in vivo anticancer efficacy in HepG2 tumor-bearing mice was markedly improved by HP-NPs-based PDT. Moreover, in both cases, the therapeutic effect was increased according to the irradiation time and number of PDT sessions. In conclusion, the HP-NPs prepared in this study represent a potentially effective co-delivery system of photosensitizer (HP) and anticancer drug (DOX) which improved the effects of PDT in liver cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: In-Soo
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ping-Li
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eunjue
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sanghoon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jheon
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: shimck@snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Chang-Koo
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Shim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry; D006415:Hematoporphyrins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D006415:Hematoporphyrins; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D004317:Doxorubicin
keywords: Doxorubicin; Hematoporphyrin; Liver cancer; Nanoparticles; Photodynamic therapy