title: Odontogenic stimulation of human dental pulp cells with bioactive nanocomposite fiber.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a composite nanofibrous matrix made of biopolymer blend polycaprolactone-gelatin (BP) and mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (BGNs) on the odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). BGN-BP nanomatrices, with BGN content of up to 20 wt%, were produced via electrospinning. The differentiation of the HDPCs was evaluated by using an ALP activity assay, calcified nodule formation, and mRNA expression for markers. Integrin and its underlying signal pathways were assessed via reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. Although cell growth and attachment on the BGN-BP nanomatrix was similar to that on BP, ALP activity, mineralized nodule formation, and mRNA, expressions involving ALP, osteocalcin, osteopontin, dentin sialophosphoprotein, and dentin matrix protein-1 were greater on BGN-BP. BGN-BP upregulated the key adhesion receptors (integrin components α1, α2, α5, and β1) and activated integrin downstream pathways, such as phosphorylated-focal adhesion kinase (p-FAK), and p-paxillin. In addition, BGN-BP activated BMP receptors, BMP-2 mRNA, and p-Smad 1/5/8, and such activation was blocked by the BMP antagonist, noggin. Furthermore, BGN-BP induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, protein kinase 38, and c-Jun-N-terminal kinase mitogen-activated protein kinases and activated expression of the transcription factors Runx2 and Osterix in HDPCs. Collectively, the results indicated for the first time that a BGN-BP composite nanomatrix promoted odontogenic differentiation of HDPCs through the integrin, BMP, and mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling pathway. Moreover, the nanomatrix is considered to be promising scaffolds for the culture of HDPCs and dental tissue engineering.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Research Center for Tooth and Periodontal Regeneration (MRC), School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ga-Hyun
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive and Society Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Duk
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Research Center for Tooth and Periodontal Regeneration (MRC), School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: So-Youn
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea College of Dentistry & Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El-Fiqi
authors.affiliation: Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea College of Dentistry & Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Ju
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea College of Dentistry & Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Jung
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea College of Dentistry & Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hae-Won
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Research Center for Tooth and Periodontal Regeneration (MRC), School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea eckim@khu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Eun-Cheol
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009805:Odontogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D013499:Surface Properties; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D003764:Dental Materials
keywords: BMP; Nanofiber matrix; human dental pulp cells; integrin; mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles; odontogenesis