title: Endogenous siRNAs: regulators of internal affairs.
abstract: Endo-siRNAs (endogenous small-interfering RNAs) have recently emerged as versatile regulators of gene expression. They derive from double-stranded intrinsic transcripts and are processed by Dicer and associate with Argonaute proteins. In Caenorhabditis elegans, endo-siRNAs are known as 22G and 26G RNAs and are involved in genome protection and gene regulation. Drosophila melanogaster endo-siRNAs are produced with the help of specific Dicer and Argonaute isoforms and play an essential role in transposon control and the protection from viral infections. Biological functions of endo-siRNAs in vertebrates include repression of transposable elements and chromatin organization, as well as gene regulation at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.
authors.affiliation: *RNA Biology Group, Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, U.K.
authors.forename: Monica J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Piatek
authors.affiliation: *RNA Biology Group, Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, U.K.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Werner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D060565:Argonaute Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D043244:Ribonuclease III / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D060565:Argonaute Proteins; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D043244:Ribonuclease III
references.citation: Cell. 2013 Aug 29;154(5):1010-1022
references.pmid: 23993094
references.citation: Cell. 2006 Dec 15;127(6):1193-207
references.pmid: 17174894
references.citation: Mol Cell. 2009 Oct 23;36(2):231-44
references.pmid: 19800275
references.citation: Cell. 1993 Dec 3;75(5):855-62
references.pmid: 8252622
references.citation: RNA Biol. 2010 Mar-Apr;7(2):158-61
references.pmid: 20139734
references.citation: Adv Genet. 2013;83:1-69
references.pmid: 23890211
references.citation: Dev Cell. 2013 Dec 23;27(6):599-601
references.pmid: 24369831
references.citation: J Cell Biochem. 2013 Feb;114(2):418-27
references.pmid: 22961661
references.citation: Dev Cell. 2013 Dec 23;27(6):656-63
references.pmid: 24360782
references.citation: Nature. 2008 Jun 5;453(7196):798-802
references.pmid: 18463631
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Dec 15;106(50):21258-63
references.pmid: 19948966
references.citation: Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2012 Nov;136(1):129-42
references.pmid: 23053642
references.citation: FEBS Lett. 2011 Oct 3;585(19):3079-85
references.pmid: 21889502
references.citation: Nature. 2008 Jun 5;453(7196):803-6
references.pmid: 18463630
references.citation: Biochem Soc Trans. 2013 Aug;41(4):881-6
references.pmid: 23863149
references.citation: Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2013 Apr;20(4):440-6
references.pmid: 23435381
references.citation: Nat Rev Genet. 2012 Mar 13;13(4):271-82
references.pmid: 22411466
references.citation: Cell. 2009 Feb 20;136(4):642-55
references.pmid: 19239886
references.citation: Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2008 Sep;9(9):673-8
references.pmid: 18719707
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Feb 23;107(8):3588-93
references.pmid: 20133686
references.citation: Nat Rev Genet. 2013 Feb;14(2):100-12
references.pmid: 23329111
references.citation: Science. 2008 May 23;320(5879):1023-4
references.pmid: 18467555
references.citation: RNA Biol. 2009 Jan-Mar;6(1):43-8
references.pmid: 19098462
references.citation: Epigenetics. 2014 Jan;9(1):62-74
references.pmid: 24149573
references.citation: Cell. 2009 Oct 2;139(1):123-34
references.pmid: 19804758
references.citation: Cell. 2007 Jul 27;130(2):287-97
references.pmid: 17662943
references.citation: Physiol Genomics. 2008 Jun 12;34(1):95-100
references.pmid: 18413783
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Feb 23;107(8):3582-7
references.pmid: 20133583
references.citation: Adv Exp Med Biol. 2011;722:156-73
references.pmid: 21915788
references.citation: Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2010 Jan;17(1):24-30
references.pmid: 20037596
references.citation: J Cell Sci. 2010 Jun 1;123(Pt 11):1819-23
references.pmid: 20484662
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Jan 25;108(4):1201-8
references.pmid: 21245313
references.citation: PLoS One. 2009 Oct 23;4(10):e7576
references.pmid: 19851503
references.citation: Mol Cell. 2013 Feb 21;49(4):680-91
references.pmid: 23375501
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Aug 9;108(32):13159-64
references.pmid: 21788498
references.citation: Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2012 Oct;19(10):998-1004
references.pmid: 22961379
references.citation: Physiol Genomics. 2007 Feb 12;28(3):294-300
references.pmid: 17105753
references.citation: EMBO J. 2009 Oct 7;28(19):2932-44
references.pmid: 19644447
references.citation: Science. 2008 Jul 25;321(5888):537-41
references.pmid: 18653886
references.citation: Biol Cell. 2012 Jun;104(6):309-25
references.pmid: 22352444
references.citation: Cell Rep. 2013 Jun 27;3(6):2179-90
references.pmid: 23791531
references.citation: Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2004 Sep;68(3):432-52, table of contents
references.pmid: 15353564
references.citation: Cell. 2012 Jul 6;150(1):78-87
references.pmid: 22738724
references.citation: Epigenetics. 2012 Jul;7(7):758-71
references.pmid: 22647391
references.citation: Dev Cell. 2013 Dec 23;27(6):664-71
references.pmid: 24360783
references.citation: Nature. 2008 May 22;453(7194):534-8
references.pmid: 18404147
references.citation: PLoS One. 2014 Jan 13;9(1):e84994
references.pmid: 24454776
references.citation: Science. 2008 May 23;320(5879):1077-81
references.pmid: 18403677
references.citation: Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2011 Apr;12(4):246-58
references.pmid: 21427766
references.citation: Cell. 2013 Dec 19;155(7):1532-44
references.pmid: 24360276
references.citation: BMC Genomics. 2014 Jan 13;15:19
references.pmid: 24410956
references.citation: Nature. 2008 May 22;453(7194):539-43
references.pmid: 18404146
references.citation: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014 Mar;1839(3):223-33
references.pmid: 24361586
references.citation: BMC Genomics. 2013 Apr 12;14:243
references.pmid: 23577827