title: Electroporation-delivered fluorescent protein biosensors for probing molecular activities in cells without genetic encoding.
abstract: Fluorescent protein biosensors are typically implemented via genetic encoding which makes the examination of scarce cell samples impractical. By directly delivering the protein form of the biosensor into cells using electroporation, we detected intracellular molecular activity with the sample size down to ∼100 cells with high spatiotemporal resolution.
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Mingxing
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.forename: Zhenning
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Sai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Hamzeh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Alqublan
authors.forename: Nammalwar
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sriranganathan
authors.forename: Yingxiao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D002460:Cell Line; D018274:Electroporation; D031541:Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer; D055786:Gene Knockout Techniques; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D016296:Mutagenesis; D051076:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fyn / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051575:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-yes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019061:src-Family Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; C527701:enhanced cyan fluorescent protein; C054562:yellow fluorescent protein, Bacteria; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; C494960:Fyn protein, mouse; D051076:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fyn; D051575:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-yes; C496639:Yes1 protein, mouse; D019061:src-Family Kinases