title: Electrophysiological correlates of voice learning and recognition.
abstract: Listeners can recognize familiar human voices from variable utterances, suggesting the acquisition of speech-invariant voice representations during familiarization. However, the neurocognitive mechanisms mediating learning and recognition of voices from natural speech are currently unknown. Using electrophysiology, we investigated how representations are formed during intentional learning of initially unfamiliar voices that were later recognized among novel voices. To probe the acquisition of speech-invariant voice representations, we compared a "same sentence" condition, in which speakers repeated the study utterances at test, and a "different sentence" condition. Although recognition performance was higher for same compared with different sentences, substantial voice learning also occurred for different sentences, with recognition performance increasing across consecutive study-test-cycles. During study, event-related potentials elicited by voices subsequently remembered elicited a larger sustained parietal positivity (∼250-1400 ms) compared with subsequently forgotten voices. This difference due to memory was unaffected by test sentence condition and may thus reflect the acquisition of speech-invariant voice representations. At test, voices correctly classified as "old" elicited a larger late positive component (300-700 ms) at Pz than voices correctly classified as "new." This event-related potential OLD/NEW effect was limited to the same sentence condition and may thus reflect speech-dependent retrieval of voices from episodic memory. Importantly, a speech-independent effect for learned compared with novel voices was found in beta band oscillations (16-17 Hz) between 290 and 370 ms at central and right temporal sites. Our results are a first step toward elucidating the electrophysiological correlates of voice learning and recognition.
authors.affiliation: Department for General Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Psychology, romi.zaeske@uni-jena.de.
authors.forename: Romi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zäske
authors.affiliation: Department for Psychology, Institute of Psychology, and.
authors.forename: Gregor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Volberg
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychology, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Gyula
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kovács
authors.affiliation: Department for General Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Psychology.
authors.forename: Stefan Robert
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Schweinberger
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000328:Adult; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000502:physiology*; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D014831:Voice / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: ERPs; learning; memory; oscillations; speech; voice