title: HATCN-based charge recombination layers as effective interconnectors for tandem organic solar cells.
abstract: A comprehensive understanding of the energy-level alignment at the organic heterojunction interfaces is of paramount importance to optimize the performance of organic solar cells (OSCs). Here, the detailed electronic structures of organic interconnectors, consisting of cesium fluoride-doped 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline and hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbonitrile (HATCN), have been investigated via in situ photoemission spectroscopy, and their impact on the charge recombination process in tandem OSCs has been identified. The experimental determination shows that the HATCN interlayer plays a significant role in the interface energetics with a dramatic decrease in the reverse built-in potential for electrons and holes from stacked subcells, which is beneficial to the charge recombination between HATCN and the adjacent layer. In accordance with the energy-level alignments, the open-circuit voltage of tandem OSC incorporating a HATCN-based interconnector is almost 2 times that of a single-cell OSC, revealing the effectiveness of the HATCN-based interconnectors in tandem organic devices.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China.
authors.forename: Rong-Bin
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qian-Kun
authors.initials: QK
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hao-Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Lu-Hai
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Duhm
authors.forename: Yan-Qing
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jian-Xin
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Tang
keywords: HATCN; charge recombination layers; electronic structure; interconnector; tandem organic solar cell