title: Assessment of a neck-based treatment and monitoring device for positional obstructive sleep apnea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A majority of patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea are position dependent whereby they are at least twice as severe when sleeping supine (POSA). This study evaluated the accuracy and efficacy of a neck-worn device designed to limit supine sleep. The study included nightly measurements of snoring, sleep/wake, time supine, and the frequency and duration of feedback to monitor compliance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty patients between ages 18 and 75 years, BMI ≤ 35 with an overall apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 5 and an overall AHI ≥ 1.5 times the non-supine AHI, and an Epworth score ≥ 5 were prospectively studied. Subjective reports and polysomnography were used to assess efficacy resulting from 4 weeks of in-home supine-avoidance therapy and to measure device accuracy. From 363 polysomnography reports, 209 provided sufficient positional data to estimate one site's prevalence of positional OSA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 83% of participants exhibiting > 50% reduction in overall AHI, the mean and median reductions were 69% and 79%. Significant reductions in the overall and supine AHI, apnea index, percent time SpO2 < 90%, and snoring contributed to significant improvements in stage N1 and N2 sleep, reductions in cortical arousals and awakenings, and improved depression scores. Supine position was under-detected by > 5% in 3% of cases. Sleep efficiency by neck actigraphy was within 10% of polysomnography in 87% of the studies when position feedback was delivered. The prevalence of POSA was consistently > 70% when the overall AHI was < 60.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The neck position therapy device is accurate and effective in restricting supine sleep, improving AHI, sleep architecture and continuity, and monitoring treatment outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Brain Monitoring, Inc., Carlsbad, CA.
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Levendowski
authors.affiliation: Advanced Brain Monitoring, Inc., Carlsbad, CA.
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seagraves
authors.affiliation: Advanced Brain Monitoring, Inc., Carlsbad, CA.
authors.forename: Djordje
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Popovic
authors.affiliation: Advanced Brain Monitoring, Inc., Carlsbad, CA.
authors.forename: Philip R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Westbrook
mesh_terms: D004864:Equipment and Supplies; D025461:Feedback, Physiological; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009333:Neck; D010349:Patient Compliance; D017286:Polysomnography; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000628:therapy*; D012913:Snoring / Q000503:physiopathology; D016683:Supine Position / Q000502:physiology
keywords: obstructive sleep apnea; positional therapy; prevalence; snoring; supine sleep