title: HIV vaccine trial exploits a dual and central role for innate immunity.
abstract: Limited understanding of correlates of protection from HIV transmission hinders development of an efficacious vaccine. D. J. M. Lewis and colleagues (J. Virol. 88:11648-11657, 2014, doi:10.1128/JVI.01621-14) now report that vaginal immunization with an HIVgp140 vaccine linked to the 70-kDa heat shock protein downregulated the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coreceptor CCR5 (chemokine [C-C motif] receptor 5) and increased expression of the HIV resistance factor APOBEC3G (apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing, enzyme-catalytic, polypeptide-like 3G), in women. These effects correlated with HIV suppression ex vivo. Thus, vaccine-induced innate responses not only facilitate adaptive immunity-they may prove to be critical for preventing HIV transmission.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA fullerdh@u.washington.edu klattnr@u.washington.edu.
authors.forename: Deborah Heydenburg
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Fuller
authors.affiliation: Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Laura E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Richert-Spuhler
authors.affiliation: Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA fullerdh@u.washington.edu klattnr@u.washington.edu.
authors.forename: Nichole R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Klatt
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D015700:HIV Envelope Protein gp41 / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D014621:Vagina; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D015700:HIV Envelope Protein gp41; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins