title: [Foot and ankle ability measure: cross-cultural translation and validation of the Italian version of the ADL module (FAAM-I/ADL)].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Valid and reliable outcome measures are fundamental for evaluating and comparing the effects of rehabilitation. Among the different tools used for the assessment of musculoskeletal disorders of the lower limb, the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) has been shown to have good psychometric properties. However, it has not yet been translated into Italian. The module regarding the performance of daily living activities (FAAM/ADL), in particular, can be applied also in an occupational setting.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To obtain an Italian version of the FAAM, and to validate the FAAM-I/ADL.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cultural adaptation was performed according to international guidelines for forward/backward translation. The activities of daily living (ADL) module of the FAAM-I (FAAM-I/ADL) was validated with classical test theory methods in a convenience sample of 57 patients. Different parameters were calculated: internal consistency (Cronbach's α and item-to-total correlation); criterion validity, through Pearson's correlation (r) with the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS); test-retest reliability (ICC2,1); Standard Error of Measurement (SEM); and Minimal Detectable Change (MDC95).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The statistical analysis showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's α=.96, item-to-total correlation ranged between .51 and .85), high criterion validity (r=.66, p&lt;0.01) and excellent test-retest reliability (ICC2, 1=.98, CI95%=.97-.99). The SEM was 2.7 points, with a MDC95 of 7.5 points.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FAAM-I/ADL shows good psychometric properties, together with speed and ease of administration and scoring. Its use will facilitate the comparison of Italian data with international studies, ensuring greater uniformity of assessment.
authors.affiliation: Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, IRCCS. francesco.sartorio@fsm.it.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sartorio
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vercelli
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bravini
authors.forename: Serena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bargeri
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moroso
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Plebani
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ferriero
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D016512:Ankle Injuries / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D005534:Foot Diseases / Q000534:rehabilitation; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D051346:Mobility Limitation; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014177:Translations