title: Relationship between mid-trimester ultrasound fetal liver length measurements and gestational diabetes mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between mid-trimester ultrasound fetal liver length (FLL) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in a high-risk population.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study was performed in 331 women with singleton pregnancies who were at high risk of GDM and were undergoing a mid-trimester ultrasound examination. The ultrasound scan at 23 weeks gestation was followed by a 100-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 24 weeks gestation. Correlations between FLL and OGTT results at different time points were tested. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of FLL as a potential prognostic factor for GDM was also performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In GDM patients, there was a significant positive correlation (P < 0.01) between FLL and OGTT glycemia immediately before and 60, 120, and 180 min after glucose intake. Mean FLL in GDM was significantly higher than in healthy subjects (41.04 vs 31.09 mm, respectively; P < 0.001). When tested as a potential prognostic factor for GDM, fetal liver measurements showed excellent diagnostic performance. The ROC analysis established a cut-off value of FLL of 39 mm for the prediction GDM, with sensitivity of 71.76%, specificity 97.56%, positive predictive value 91.0%, and negative predictive value 90.9%. The usefulness of FLL measurements was supported by a high area under the ROC curve (90.5%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, there is a strong correlation between FLL and OGTT results, with FLL possibly serving as a valid marker for the prediction of GDM in high-risk populations.
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics "Narodni front", Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Milan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Perovic
authors.affiliation: Clinical Center of Serbia, Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Miroslava
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gojnic
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics "Narodni front", Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Biljana
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Arsic
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Cellular Physiology, Institute of Medical Physiology, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pantic
authors.affiliation: Clinical Hospital Center Zemun, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Tomislav
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stefanovic
authors.affiliation: Clinical Hospital Center Zemun, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Gordana
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kovacevic
authors.affiliation: Clinical Hospital Center Zemun, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Milica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kovacevic
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics "Narodni front", Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Eliana
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garalejic
authors.affiliation: Clinical Center of Serbia, Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dugalic
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics "Narodni front", Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Jovana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Radakovic
authors.affiliation: Clinical Center "Dr DragisaMisovic-Dedinje", Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Uros
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Babic
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute Vinca, University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Esma R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Isenovic
mesh_terms: D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000196:embryology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal
keywords: correlation; predictive value; sensitivity; specificity; ultrasonography; 关键词：相关性，预测价值，敏感性，特异性，超声波检查