title: Gain beyond cosmesis: demonstration of psychosocial and functional gains following successful strabismus surgery using the adult strabismus questionnaire adult strabismus 20.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Strabismus adversely affects psychosocial and functional aspects; while its correction impacts positively.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim was to evaluate the gains in scores: Overall scores (OASs), psychosocial subscale scores (PSSs) and functional subscale scores (FSSs) following successful surgical alignment.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated changed scores in the adult strabismus 20 (AS-20) questionnaire, administered before and after successful surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty adults horizontal strabismics, were administered the AS-20, at baseline, and at 6-week and 3-month. Group-wise analysis was carried out based on gender, strabismus type (esotropia [ET] or exotropia [XT]), back-ground and amblyopia.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used Wilcoxon, and Mann-Whitney U-tests. Significance was set at P ≤ 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, there were no significant differences within the groups, except that those with amblyopia significantly scored less than nonamblyopes in OAS (median scores: 53.8 vs. 71.3; P = 0.009) and FSS (56.3 vs. 85.3; P = 0.009). OAS, PSS and FSS showed significant gains at 6-week and 3-month (all Wilcoxon P < 0.001). Compared with males, females showed significantly more gain at 3-month (OAS: 37.9 vs. 28.7; P = 0.02), on account of PSS gain (49.6 vs. 37.5; P = 0.01). The ET performed better than XT only on the FSS at 6-week (28.7 vs. 15.0; P = 0.02). Vis-à-vis the nonamblyopes, the amblyopes showed significantly more benefit at 6-week alone (OAS: 18.7 vs. 28.7; P = 0.04), largely due to gains in PSS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Successful strabismus surgery has demonstrated significant gains in psychosocial, functional and overall functions. There is some evidence that gains may be more in females; with a trend to better outcomes in ET and amblyopes up to 6-week.
authors.forename: Danish
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Alam
authors.forename: Adeeb Alam
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Sadat Ao
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Bani
authors.forename: Richa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Ophthalmology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Abadan K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Amitava
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011788:Quality of Life; D013285:Strabismus / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000601:surgery; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D015348:Vision, Binocular / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult