title: Synthesis and electrochemical performance of surface-modified nano-sized core/shell tin particles for lithium ion batteries.
abstract: Tin is able to lithiate and delithiate reversibly with a high theoretical specific capacity, which makes it a promising candidate to supersede graphite as the state-of-the-art negative electrode material in lithium ion battery technology. Nevertheless, it still suffers from poor cycling stability and high irreversible capacities. In this contribution, we show the synthesis of three different nano-sized core/shell-type particles with crystalline tin cores and different amorphous surface shells consisting of SnOx and organic polymers. The spherical size and the surface shell can be tailored by adjusting the synthesis temperature and the polymer reagents in the synthesis, respectively. We determine the influence of the surface modifications with respect to the electrochemical performance and characterize the morphology, structure, and thermal properties of the nano-sized tin particles by means of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. The electrochemical performance is investigated by constant current charge/discharge cycling as well as cyclic voltammetry.
authors.affiliation: University of Muenster, MEET Battery Research Center, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Corrensstr. 46, D-48149 Muenster, Germany.
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schmuelling
authors.forename: Nikolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oehl
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Knipper
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kolny-Olesiak
authors.forename: Thorsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Plaggenborg
authors.forename: Hinrich-Wilhelm
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Placke
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Parisi
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Winter