title: Single Motherhood, Living Arrangements, and Time With Children in Japan.
abstract: The authors examined relationships between single parenthood and mothers' time with children in Japan. Using data from the 2011 National Survey of Households with Children (N = 1,926), they first demonstrate that time spent with children and the frequency of shared dinners are significantly lower for single mothers than for their married counterparts. For single mothers living alone, less time with children reflects long work hours and work-related stress. Single mothers coresiding with parents spend less time with children and eat dinner together less frequently than either married mothers or their unmarried counterparts not living with parents, net of (grand)parental support, work hours, income, and stress. The findings suggest that rising divorce rates and associated growth in single-mother families may have a detrimental impact on parents' time with children in Japan and that the relatively high prevalence of intergenerational coresidence among single mothers may do little to temper this impact.
authors.affiliation: Center for Demography and Ecology, University of Wisconsin, 1180 Observatory Dr., Madison, WI 53706.
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Raymo
authors.affiliation: Department of Sociology, University of Pennsylvania, 3718 Locust Walk, 219 McNeil Building, Suite 113, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6299.
authors.forename: Hyunjoon
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Population and Social Security Research, Hibiya Kokusai Building, 6th Floor, 2-2-3 Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0011, Japan.
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwasawa
authors.affiliation: Japan Institute for Labour Policy and Training, 4-8-23, Kamishakujii, Nerima-ku, Tokyo 177-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Yanfei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
keywords: Japan; coresidence; family interaction; living arrangements; nonmarital parenting; single-parent families