title: MicroRNAs in the interaction between host and bacterial pathogens.
abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs with a central role in the post-transcriptional control of gene expression, that have been implicated in a wide-range of biological processes. Regulation of miRNA expression is increasingly recognized as a crucial part of the host response to infection by bacterial pathogens, as well as a novel molecular strategy exploited by bacteria to manipulate host cell pathways. Here, we review the current knowledge of bacterial pathogens that modulate host miRNA expression, focusing on mammalian host cells, and the implications of miRNA regulation on the outcome of infection. The emerging role of commensal bacteria, as part of the gut microbiota, on host miRNA expression in the presence or absence of bacterial pathogens is also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Molecular Infection Biology (IMIB), University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Maudet
authors.affiliation: International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34149 Trieste, Italy; UC-BIOTECH, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mano
authors.affiliation: Institute for Molecular Infection Biology (IMIB), University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany. Electronic address: ana.eulalio@uni-wuerzburg.de.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eulalio
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: Bacterial pathogens; Gut microbiota; Host response; MicroRNAs