title: Automated segmentation and quantification of white matter hyperintensities in acute ischemic stroke patients with cerebral infarction.
abstract: White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) of presumed vascular origin are common in ageing population, especially in patients with acute cerebral infarction and the volume has been reported to be associated with mental impairment and the risk of hemorrhage from antithrombotic agents. WMHs delineation can be computerized to minimize human bias. However, the presence of cerebral infarcts greatly degrades the accuracy of WMHs detection and thus limits the application of computerized delineation to patients with acute cerebral infarction. We propose a computer-assisted segmentation method to depict WMHs in the presence of cerebral infarcts in combined T1-weighted, fluid attenuation inversion recovery, and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The proposed method detects WMHs by empirical threshold and atlas information, with subtraction of white matter voxels affected by acute infarction. The method was derived using MRI from 25 hemispheres with WMHs only and 13 hemispheres with both WMHs and cerebral infarcts. Similarity index (SI) and correlation were utilized to assess the agreement between the new automated method and a gold standard visually guided semi-automated method done by an expert rater. The proposed WMHs segmentation approach produced average SI, sensitivity and specificity of 83.142±11.742, 84.154±16.086 and 99.988±0.029% with WMHs only and of 68.826±14.036, 74.381±18.473 and 99.956±0.054% with both WMHs and cerebral infarcts in the derivation cohort. The performance of the proposed method with an external validation cohort was also highly consistent with that of the experienced rater.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli City, Taoyuan County, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jang-Zern
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli City, Taoyuan County, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Syu-Jyun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli City, Taoyuan County, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, Landseed Hospital, Pingzhen City, Taoyuan County, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Wei
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli City, Taoyuan County, Taiwan; Department of Medical Imaging, Landseed Hospital, Pingzhen City, Taoyuan County, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kuo-Wei
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Landseed Hospital, Pingzhen City, Taoyuan County, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chen-Hua
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Landseed Hospital, Pingzhen City, Taoyuan County, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jing-Yi
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chi-Jen
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Huey-Juan
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Radiology and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Eric Edward
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli City, Taoyuan County, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsiao-Kuang
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Sheng-Feng
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Poh-Shiow
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chung Shan Medical University and Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan; Biomedical Electronics Translational Research Center, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yue-Loong
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Hsin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000465:Algorithms; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D066127:White Matter / Q000473:pathology*; D057188:Workflow