title: Radiologic classification of superior canal dehiscence: implications for surgical repair.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Surgical access to repair a superior canal dehiscence (SCD) is influenced by the location of the bony defect and its relationship to surrounding tegmen topography as seen on computed tomography. There are currently no agreed-upon methods of characterizing these radiologic findings. We propose a formal radiologic classification system of SCD based on dehiscence location and adjacent tegmen topography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case review
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary, neurotology referral center
  
  
  METHODS
  We identified 298 patients with superior canal dehiscence on CT from February 2001 to October 2013. Of these, 251 had symptomatic superior canal dehiscence syndrome and were included in the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients underwent high-resolution temporal bone CT scans with creation of axial, coronal, Pöschl, and Stenver reformatted images to examine the superior semicircular canal. Two residents-in-training and a head and neck radiologist independently read the scans.
  
  
  METHODS
  CT scans were assessed for (1) superior canal dehiscence or "near" dehiscence, (2) defect location relative to the skull base, (3) surrounding tegmen defects, (4) geniculate ganglion dehiscence, (5) superior petrosal sinus-associated dehiscence (SPS), (6) low-lying tegmen, and (7) the distance between the outer table of the temporal bone and the arcuate eminence.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston; †Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston; ‡Department of Radiology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston; §Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston; ∥Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.; ¶Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center, Utrecht; and #Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lookabaugh
authors.forename: Hillary R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: Margaret S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: Marlien E F
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Niesten
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: McKenna
authors.forename: Hugh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Curtin
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005830:Geniculate Ganglion / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D007759:Labyrinth Diseases / Q000145:classification* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012665:Semicircular Canals / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D055815:Young Adult