title: The Fog signaling pathway: insights into signaling in morphogenesis.
abstract: Epithelia form the building blocks of many tissue and organ types. Epithelial cells often form a contiguous 2-dimensional sheet that is held together by strong adhesions. The mechanical properties conferred by these adhesions allow the cells to undergo dramatic three-dimensional morphogenetic movements while maintaining cell-cell contacts during embryogenesis and post-embryonic development. The Drosophila Folded gastrulation pathway triggers epithelial cell shape changes that drive gastrulation and tissue folding and is one of the most extensively studied examples of epithelial morphogenesis. This pathway has yielded key insights into the signaling mechanisms and cellular machinery involved in epithelial remodeling. In this review, we discuss principles of morphogenesis and signaling that have been discovered through genetic and cell biological examination of this pathway. We also consider various regulatory mechanisms and the system׳s relevance to mammalian development. We propose future directions that will continue to broaden our knowledge of morphogenesis across taxa.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Box 357350, The University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-7350, USA.
authors.forename: Alyssa J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Manning
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB ♯3280, Fordham Hall, South Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, USA; Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, USA. Electronic address: srogers@bio.unc.edu.
authors.forename: Stephen L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Rogers
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002465:Cell Movement; D004330:Drosophila / Q000196:embryology* / Q000254:growth & development*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004847:Epithelial Cells; D054262:Gastrulation; D015398:Signal Transduction; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins; C508614:FOG protein, Drosophila; C491313:dimm protein, Drosophila
keywords: Actin; Apical constriction; Cell signaling; Folded gastrulation; Morphogenesis; Myosin