title: [Schizophrenia and informed consent to research].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Informed consent to research remains a complex issue, while sometimes staying difficult to obtain, even in the general population. This problem may be maximized with patients suffering from schizophrenia.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This paper summarizes available data in the literature about informed consent for research involving patients suffering from schizophrenia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medline and Google Scholar searches were conducted using the following MESH terms: schizophrenia, informed consent and research.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Studies using dedicated standardized scales (e.g. MacCAT-CR) revealed a decrease in the capacity to consent of patients with schizophrenia when compared with healthy individuals. Keeping in mind that schizophrenia is an heterogeneous disorder, patients with the lowest insight as well as those with the most severe cognitive symptoms appeared more impaired in their capacity to consent. Such a poor capacity to understand and consent to trials was shown linked with alterations in decision-making. For these specific patients, interventions may be set up to increase their capacity to consent. Various strategies were proposed: enhanced consent forms, extended discussion, test/feedback method or multimedia interventions. Among them, interventions relying on communication and the growing field of information technologies (e.g. web-based tools) seem promising. Finally, associations grouping families and patients (like the French Association UNAFAM) may facilitate the involvement of patients in research programs with safer conditions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients suffering from schizophrenia appear able to consent to research programs when suitable interventions are proposed. Further studies are now needed to optimize and individualize such interventions.
authors.affiliation: Pôle de psychiatrie, université Lille Nord-de-France, hôpital Fontan, CHRU de Lille, rue André-Verhaeghe, 59037 Lille cedex, France. Electronic address: tfovet@hotmail.fr.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fovet
authors.affiliation: Pôle de psychiatrie, université Lille Nord-de-France, hôpital Fontan, CHRU de Lille, rue André-Verhaeghe, 59037 Lille cedex, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amad
authors.affiliation: Pôle de psychiatrie, université Lille Nord-de-France, hôpital Fontan, CHRU de Lille, rue André-Verhaeghe, 59037 Lille cedex, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: Pôle de psychiatrie, université Lille Nord-de-France, hôpital Fontan, CHRU de Lille, rue André-Verhaeghe, 59037 Lille cedex, France.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jardri
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007258:Informed Consent / Q000941:ethics* / Q000592:standards*; D016743:Mental Competency; D010361:Patients; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012559:Schizophrenia; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology
keywords: Clinical research; Consentement éclairé; Informed consent; MacCAT-CR; New technologies; Nouvelles technologies; Recherche biomédicale; Schizophrenia; Schizophrénie