title: Somatic growth of lean children: the potential role of sleep.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite the current obesity pandemic, childhood malnutrition remains an urgent, public health concern. Similar to the obesity pandemic, childhood malnutrition is influenced by genetic and a number of social, environmental and biological factors. In this study, we investigated the association between sleep duration and somatic growth in lean children.
  
  
  METHODS
  A stratified, randomly clustered sampling design was used to select fifth grade students from 10 primary schools in Shanghai. Based on a body mass index below the 15th percentile a subsample of 143 lean children aged 10-11 years old was defined. Sleep duration and other potential confounders were surveyed through parental or self-report questionnaires. Body measurements were collected and used to calculate the Z score of weight, height, body mass index as well as body fat percentage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with children who slept <9 hours, those who slept for ≥10 hours grew taller and gained more weight after adjusting for confounding factors. When children slept 9-10 hours, they had significantly higher Z score of weight and body mass index.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prolonged sleep not only benefits weight gain but also improves height in lean children. Our findings might provide important public health advice such that prolonged sleep may be an effective modifier of nutritional problems in childhood.
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Rui
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Spruyt
authors.forename: Wen-Juan
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiao-Ming
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D001823:Body Composition; D001827:Body Height; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002648:Child; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005260:Female; D048788:Growth and Development; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009752:Nutritional Status; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012890:Sleep; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors