title: Big data: survey, technologies, opportunities, and challenges.
abstract: Big Data has gained much attention from the academia and the IT industry. In the digital and computing world, information is generated and collected at a rate that rapidly exceeds the boundary range. Currently, over 2 billion people worldwide are connected to the Internet, and over 5 billion individuals own mobile phones. By 2020, 50 billion devices are expected to be connected to the Internet. At this point, predicted data production will be 44 times greater than that in 2009. As information is transferred and shared at light speed on optic fiber and wireless networks, the volume of data and the speed of market growth increase. However, the fast growth rate of such large data generates numerous challenges, such as the rapid growth of data, transfer speed, diverse data, and security. Nonetheless, Big Data is still in its infancy stage, and the domain has not been reviewed in general. Hence, this study comprehensively surveys and classifies the various attributes of Big Data, including its nature, definitions, rapid growth rate, volume, management, analysis, and security. This study also proposes a data life cycle that uses the technologies and terminologies of Big Data. Future research directions in this field are determined based on opportunities and several open issues in Big Data domination. These research directions facilitate the exploration of the domain and the development of optimal techniques to address Big Data.
authors.affiliation: Mobile Cloud Computing Research Lab, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ; Department of Computer Science, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Nawsher
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Mobile Cloud Computing Research Lab, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Ibrar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yaqoob
authors.affiliation: Mobile Cloud Computing Research Lab, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Ibrahim Abaker Targio
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Hashem
authors.affiliation: Mobile Cloud Computing Research Lab, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ; Department of Computer Science, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar, Peshawar 2500, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Zakira
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Inayat
authors.affiliation: Mobile Cloud Computing Research Lab, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Waleed Kamaleldin Mahmoud
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia ; Universiti Kuala Lumpur, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alam
authors.affiliation: Mobile Cloud Computing Research Lab, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shiraz
authors.affiliation: Mobile Cloud Computing Research Lab, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Abdullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gani
mesh_terms: D022126:Access to Information; D001330:Electronic Data Processing; D033181:Information Dissemination; D016247:Information Storage and Retrieval; D020407:Internet