title: Unripe Rubus coreanus Miquel suppresses migration and invasion of human prostate cancer cells by reducing matrix metalloproteinase expression.
abstract: Rubus coreanus Miquel (RCM) is used to promote prostate health and has been shown to have anti-oxidant and anti-carcinogenic activities. However, the effects and mechanisms of RCM on prostate cancer metastasis remain unclear. PC-3 and DU 145 cells were treated with ethanol or water extract of unripe or ripe RCM and examined for cell invasion, migration, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) activity and expression. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and Akt activities were examined. Unripe RCM extracts exerted significant inhibitory effects on cell migration, invasion, and MMPs activities. A significant reduction in MMPs activities by unripe RCM ethanol extract treatment (UE) was associated with reduction of MMPs expression and induction of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) expression. Furthermore, PI3K/Akt activity was diminished by UE treatment. In this study, we demonstrated that UE decreased metastatic potential of prostate cancer cells by reducing MMPs expression through the suppression of PI3K/Akt phosphorylation, thereby decreasing MMP activity and enhancing TIMPs expression.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Home Economics Education , Chung-Ang University , Seoul , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yesl
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seung Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jung-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D065856:Rubus / Q000737:chemistry*; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases
keywords: Rubus coreanus Miquel; matrix metalloproteinase (MMP); metastasis; prostate cancer; tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase(TIMP)