title: Faculty development for clinical teachers in dental education.
abstract: Dental education has been reviewed, and suggestions for further enhancement include the implementation of faculty development activities to enhance teaching and learning environments.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to gain insight into the participants' perceptions of outcomes of faculty development for clinical teachers and clinical learning environments as well as into the sustainability of such outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The program was organized in the form of (i) a 2-day seminar; (ii) collegial supervision and development projects; and (iii) a 1-day follow-up seminar. The participants' perceptions from the five-first programs were studied. A Web-based questionnaire was sent to all participants, that is 3-27 months after completion of the program (follow-up survey).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The outcomes of the program (response rate 70%) indicate a strong impact of the program on the clinical teachers' competence and on the clinical learning environments. The teachers report that they think more about what their students really learn, have become more conscious about how they supervise and have been stimulated to become better teachers. The learning environment as well as collaboration, and calibration between teachers have improved. The novice teachers report greater benefits than do the experienced teachers. The participants initiated a variety of development projects during the program. The majority of the participants continued the development activities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The faculty development program presented confirms that faculty development activities for clinical teachers based on theories of learning and experiences documented in the literature can be implemented with positive outcomes for individual teachers and for the learning environments.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Møystad
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Education, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lycke
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Barkvoll
authors.affiliation: Østfold University College, Fredrikstad, Norway.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lauvås
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D004497:Education, Dental; D005179:Faculty, Dental; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009664:Norway; D015397:Program Evaluation; D013192:Staff Development; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: clinical teaching; dental education; faculty development