title: Carbazole-based hole-transport materials for efficient solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells and perovskite solar cells.
abstract: Two carbazole-based small molecule hole-transport materials (HTMs) are synthesized and investigated in solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (ssDSCs) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The HTM X51-based devices exhibit high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 6.0% and 9.8% in ssDSCs and PSCs, respectively. These results are superior or comparable to those of 5.5% and 10.2%, respectively, obtained for the analogous cells using the state-of-the-art HTM Spiro-OMeTAD.
authors.affiliation: Organic Chemistry, Center of Molecular Devices, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Esmaeil
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sheibani
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jinbao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Haining
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Nick
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vlachopoulos
authors.forename: Gerrit
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Boschloo
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kloo
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hagfeldt
authors.forename: Licheng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
keywords: carbazole; hole mobility; hole-transport materials; perovskite solar cells; solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells