title: Fumonisins B₁ and B₂ in maize harvested in Hebei province, China, during 2011-2013.
abstract: A total of 125 maize kernel samples were collected from Hebei province in China during 2011-2013 and were analysed for incidence and contamination levels of fumonisins (FB₁ + FB₂) by HPLC with fluorescence detection. The incidence of FBs for all samples was 46.4%. The mean contamination level of FBs for the samples collected in 2013 was 706 μg kg⁻¹, which was higher than the levels in 2012 (429 μg kg⁻¹) and 2011 (250 μg kg⁻¹). All samples, except five, exhibited total FB levels below 4000 μg kg⁻¹, which is the maximum limit as set by the European Commission. The probable daily intakes of FBs (0.04 in 2011; 0.07 in 2012; 0.12 in 2013, expressed as μg kg⁻¹ body weight/day) were all within the provisional maximum tolerable daily intake of 2.0 μg kg⁻¹ of body weight/day as set by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. Nevertheless, monitoring is needed to prevent and control the potential risk of FB exposure to the consumers.
authors.affiliation: a College of Plant Protection , Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding , China.
authors.forename: Renjie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Congcong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Quanguo
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Minhao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: Yingchao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jingao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dong
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis / Q000592:standards; D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D002681:China; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000592:standards; D005062:European Union; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control; D005513:Food Inspection / Q000379:methods*; D037341:Fumonisins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D062211:Spatio-Temporal Analysis; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D014480:United Nations; D014887:Weather; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental; D037341:Fumonisins; C056934:fumonisin B2; C056933:fumonisin B1
keywords: China; HPLC; climatic conditions; fumonisins; maize