title: Galla Chinensis attenuates cigarette smoke-associated lung injury by inhibiting recruitment of inflammatory cells into the lung.
abstract: Inflammation is a common feature in the pathogenesis of cigarette smoke (CS)-associated diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of Galla Chinensis (GC) extract on pulmonary inflammatory responses in a CS-exposed mouse model. In vitro studies showed that GC extract reduced MCP-1 production in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the recruitment of inflammatory cells into the lung was significantly inhibited in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of the GC-treated mice after 3 weeks of daily CS exposure. GC treatment down-regulated TNF-α, IL-6 and MCP-1 mRNA expression levels in lung tissue. Finally, GC-treated mice showed less emphysematous change of alveolar compared to mice only exposed to CS. Our results show that GC extract reduces lung inflammation and emphysematous change by inhibiting the infiltration of inflammatory cells to the lung. These data indicate that GC extract is a therapeutic candidate for CS-induced lung injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oriental Physiology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyojung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Seung-Ryeol
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Dahae
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Hyejung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Eun-Young
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Young-Pyo
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Jinju
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D055370:Lung Injury / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012906:Smoke / Q000009:adverse effects; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: C111835:CCL2 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012906:Smoke