title: Candida albicans adherence to denture base material: chemical disinfection and the effect of acquired salivary pellicle formation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 1% sodium hypochlorite (H1%) and 4% chlorhexidine gluconate (CG4%) on the adhesion of Candida albicans to denture base acrylic resins, as well as to verify the effect of the acquired salivary pellicle (ASP) formation on this process.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 300 acrylic specimens were immersed in distilled water (control) (n = 100), H1% (n = 100), or CG4% (n = 100) for 30 days. Twenty specimens were used in each experimental period (0, 1, 7, 15, 30 days). At the end of disinfection testing periods, 10 specimens of each group were exposed to human whole saliva to simulate ASP formation, and then all specimens were incubated with C. albicans ATTC 90028. Microorganism adhesion was analyzed by fluorescence microscopy, after staining with Acridine orange.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the 30(th) disinfection cycle in relation to baseline, the H1% or CG4%, without ASP formation, reduced the C. albicans adhesion by approximately 80%; however, with ASP, this reduction after disinfection with H1% was higher (88%). The presence of ASP resulted in higher reduction of adhered fungal cells in comparison to resin without ASP, at the 1(st) H1% or CG4% disinfection cycle, as well as at 30(th) H1% disinfection cycles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that the presence of saliva might influence the adhesion of C. albicans and improve the effectiveness of methods to reduce fungal adhesion.
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Stomatology, Pontifícia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra, Santiago, Dominican Republic.
authors.forename: Emilio José T
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Rodríguez Acosta
authors.forename: Paulo Mauricio Batista
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Matheus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jacobina
authors.forename: Vanessa Soares
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Lara
authors.forename: Karin Hermana
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Neppelenbroek
authors.forename: Vinicius Carvalho
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Porto
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000268:Adhesiveness / Q000187:drug effects*; D058491:Bacterial Load / Q000187:drug effects*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D019551:Dental Disinfectants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044622:Dental Pellicle / Q000382:microbiology*; D003819:Denture Bases / Q000382:microbiology*; D003820:Denture Cleansers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology*; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D019551:Dental Disinfectants; D003820:Denture Cleansers; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite; C010882:chlorhexidine gluconate; D002710:Chlorhexidine
keywords: Candida albicans; acrylic resin; adherence; chlorhexidine gluconate; saliva; sodium hypochlorite