title: Regional ventilation changes in severe asthma after bronchial thermoplasty with (3)He MR imaging and CT.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To quantify regional lung ventilation in healthy volunteers and patients with severe asthma (both before and after thermoplasty) by using a combination of helium 3 ((3)He) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and computed tomography (CT), with the intention of developing more effective image-guided treatments for obstructive lung diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  With approval of the local institutional review board, informed consent, and an Investigational New Drug Exemption, six healthy volunteers and 10 patients with severe asthma were imaged in compliance with HIPAA regulations by using both multidetector CT and (3)He MR imaging. Individual bronchopulmonary segments were labeled voxel by voxel from the CT images and then registered to the (3)He MR images by using custom software. The (3)He signal intensity was then analyzed by evaluating the volume-weighted fraction of total-lung signal intensity present in each segment (segmental ventilation percentage [ SVP segmental ventilation percentage ]) and by identifying the whole-lung defect percentage and the segmental defect percentage. Of the 10 patients with asthma, seven received treatment with bronchial thermoplasty and were imaged with (3)He MR a second time. Changes in segmental defect percentages and whole-lung defect percentages are presented.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ventilation measures for healthy volunteers yielded smaller segment-to-segment variation (mean SVP segmental ventilation percentage , 100% ± 18 [standard deviation]) than did the measures for patients with severe asthma (mean SVP segmental ventilation percentage , 97% ± 23). Patients with asthma also demonstrated larger segmental defect percentages (median, 13.5%; interquartile range, 8.9%-17.8%) than healthy volunteers (median, 6%; interquartile range, 5.6%-6.3%). These quantitative results confirm what is visually observed on the (3)He images. A Spearman correlation of r = -0.82 was found between the change in whole-lung defect percentage and the number of days between final treatment and second (3)He imaging.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Regional quantification of lung ventilation is indeed feasible and may be a useful technique for image-guided treatment of obstructive lung diseases, such as bronchial thermoplasty for severe asthma. In these patients, ventilation defects decreased as a function of time after treatment.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Physics, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Mo (R.P.T., H.D.E., J.C.W.); Department of Internal Medicine (A.S., J.K., M.C.) and Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (J.D.Q.), Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo; and Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research (R.P.T., J.C.W.) and Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (R.D.S.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45229.
authors.forename: Robert P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Thomen
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sheshadri
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Quirk
authors.forename: Jim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kozlowski
authors.forename: Henry D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Ellison
authors.forename: Rhonda D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Szczesniak
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: Jason C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Woods
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001249:Asthma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006371:Helium; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006371:Helium