title: Factors associated with bone mineral density and risk of fall in Korean adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus aged 50 years and older.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Osteoporotic fractures in subjects with diabetes mellitus (DM) carry higher mortality and morbidity. Because bone strength and minor trauma, such as a falls, are considered to be significant factors contributing to osteoporotic fractures, it is important to elucidate the associated factors with these.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study was performed to investigate the factors associated with bone mineral density (BMD) and falls in noninstitutionalized subjects with DM aged 50 years or older.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used the database from the 2010 Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Subjects with DM aged 50 years or older were selected and included in the data analyses. Associated factors with BMD of the femoral neck and lumbar spine and those with falls were analyzed using multiple linear regression and binary logistic regression analyses, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three hundred sixty-two subjects [209 males; 153 females; average age, 66.0 y (SD 8.2 y)] were included. Among the male subjects, the total body muscle mass (P < .001), daily calcium intake (P = .001), ALP levels (P = .007), and body mass index (P = .027) were significantly associated with femoral neck BMD, whereas body mass index (P = .001) and ALP levels (P = .040) were associated with lumbar spine BMD. Among the female subjects, age (P < .001), daily calcium intake (P = .011) and total body muscle mass (P = .023) were found to be significantly associated factors with femoral neck BMD, whereas age (P < .001) and body mass index (P = .012) and daily calcium intake (P = .040) were those with lumbar spine BMD. Osteoarthritis (P = .024) and total body muscle mass (P = .028) were found to be significantly associated with the risk of falls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Total body muscle mass was the most prominent factor predicting femoral neck BMD and risk of falls in community-dwelling elderly subjects with DM. Further investigation is required to determine their role in preventing osteoporotic fractures in diabetic subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (K.M.L., C.Y.C., S.Y.L., T.G.K., Y.C., M.S.P.) and Biomedical Research Institute (S.-S.K.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Kyungki 463-707, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyoung Min
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chin Youb
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Soon-Sun
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Seung Yeol
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Tae Gyun
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Young
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Moon Seok
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology*; D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005272:Femur Neck / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D058866:Osteoporotic Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011859:Radiography; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary