title: Mangostanaxanthones I and II, new xanthones from the pericarp of Garcinia mangostana.
abstract: Two new xanthones: mangostanaxanthones I (3) and II (5) were isolated from the pericarp of Garcinia mangostana, along with four known xanthones: 9-hydroxycalabaxanthone (1), parvifolixanthone C (2), α-mangostin (4), and rubraxanthone (6). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of IR, UV, 1D, 2D NMR, and MS spectroscopic data, in addition to comparison with literature data. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and quorum-sensing inhibitory activities. Compounds 3 and 5 displayed promising antioxidant activity with IC50 12.07 and 14.12 μM, respectively using DPPH assay. Compounds 4-6 had weak to moderate activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, while demonstrated promising action against Bacillus cereus with MICs 0.25, 1.0, and 1.0mg/mL, respectively. The tested compounds were inactive against Candida albicans. However, they showed selective antifungal potential toward Aspergillus fumigatus. Compounds 3 and 4 possessed quorum-sensing inhibitory activity against Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC 12472.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt.
authors.forename: Gamal A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Mohamed
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawarah 30078, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt. Electronic address: sabrinshaur@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sabrin R M
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawarah 30078, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mona I A
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Shaaban
authors.affiliation: National Center for Natural Products Research, The University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA; Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA.
authors.forename: Samir A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ross
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D029762:Garcinia mangostana / Q000737:chemistry*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015394:Molecular Structure; D053038:Quorum Sensing / Q000187:drug effects; D044004:Xanthones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D044004:Xanthones; C000597545:mangostanaxanthone I; C000597546:mangostanaxanthone II; C472155:rubraxanthone; C021053:mangostin
keywords: Antimicrobial; Antioxidant; Garcinia mangostana; Mangostanaxanthone; Quorum-sensing inhibitory; Xanthones