title: Effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics in outpatient plastic surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics has not been established for patients who undergo plastic surgery as outpatients, and consensus guidelines for antibiotic administration in clean-contaminated plastic surgery are not available.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In a retrospective study of outpatients, the authors examined preoperative timing of prophylactic antibiotics, whether postoperative antibiotics were administered, and whether any correlations existed between these practices and surgical complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of 468 plastic surgery outpatients were reviewed. Collected data included preoperative antibiotic timing, postoperative antibiotic use, comorbidities, and complications. Rates of complications were calculated and compared with other data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 468 patients received antibiotics preoperatively, but only 93 (19.9%) received them ≥1 hour before the initial incision. Antibiotics were administered 15 to 44 minutes before surgery in 217 patients (46.4%). There was no significant difference in complication rates between the 315 patients who received postoperative prophylactic antibiotics (16.2%) and the 153 who did not (20.9%). Comorbidities had no bearing on postoperative complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis may be unnecessary for outpatient plastic surgery patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  3.
authors.affiliation: Ms Anigian, Mr Miller, Mr Constantine, Mr Cortez, and Ms Hein are medical students; Dr Lysikowski is Manager of Quality Improvement Analytics; Dr Davis is an Assistant Professor; Dr Reed is a Professor; and Dr Kenkel is a Professor and Vice Chairman of the Department of Plastic Surgery, all at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, TexasDr Farkas is a plastic surgeon in private practice in Paramus, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Kendall T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Anigian
authors.affiliation: Ms Anigian, Mr Miller, Mr Constantine, Mr Cortez, and Ms Hein are medical students; Dr Lysikowski is Manager of Quality Improvement Analytics; Dr Davis is an Assistant Professor; Dr Reed is a Professor; and Dr Kenkel is a Professor and Vice Chairman of the Department of Plastic Surgery, all at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, TexasDr Farkas is a plastic surgeon in private practice in Paramus, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Travis
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Ms Anigian, Mr Miller, Mr Constantine, Mr Cortez, and Ms Hein are medical students; Dr Lysikowski is Manager of Quality Improvement Analytics; Dr Davis is an Assistant Professor; Dr Reed is a Professor; and Dr Kenkel is a Professor and Vice Chairman of the Department of Plastic Surgery, all at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, TexasDr Farkas is a plastic surgeon in private practice in Paramus, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Ryan S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Constantine
authors.affiliation: Ms Anigian, Mr Miller, Mr Constantine, Mr Cortez, and Ms Hein are medical students; Dr Lysikowski is Manager of Quality Improvement Analytics; Dr Davis is an Assistant Professor; Dr Reed is a Professor; and Dr Kenkel is a Professor and Vice Chairman of the Department of Plastic Surgery, all at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, TexasDr Farkas is a plastic surgeon in private practice in Paramus, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Jordan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Farkas
authors.affiliation: Ms Anigian, Mr Miller, Mr Constantine, Mr Cortez, and Ms Hein are medical students; Dr Lysikowski is Manager of Quality Improvement Analytics; Dr Davis is an Assistant Professor; Dr Reed is a Professor; and Dr Kenkel is a Professor and Vice Chairman of the Department of Plastic Surgery, all at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, TexasDr Farkas is a plastic surgeon in private practice in Paramus, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cortez
authors.affiliation: Ms Anigian, Mr Miller, Mr Constantine, Mr Cortez, and Ms Hein are medical students; Dr Lysikowski is Manager of Quality Improvement Analytics; Dr Davis is an Assistant Professor; Dr Reed is a Professor; and Dr Kenkel is a Professor and Vice Chairman of the Department of Plastic Surgery, all at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, TexasDr Farkas is a plastic surgeon in private practice in Paramus, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hein
authors.affiliation: Ms Anigian, Mr Miller, Mr Constantine, Mr Cortez, and Ms Hein are medical students; Dr Lysikowski is Manager of Quality Improvement Analytics; Dr Davis is an Assistant Professor; Dr Reed is a Professor; and Dr Kenkel is a Professor and Vice Chairman of the Department of Plastic Surgery, all at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, TexasDr Farkas is a plastic surgeon in private practice in Paramus, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Jerzy R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Lysikowski
authors.affiliation: Ms Anigian, Mr Miller, Mr Constantine, Mr Cortez, and Ms Hein are medical students; Dr Lysikowski is Manager of Quality Improvement Analytics; Dr Davis is an Assistant Professor; Dr Reed is a Professor; and Dr Kenkel is a Professor and Vice Chairman of the Department of Plastic Surgery, all at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, TexasDr Farkas is a plastic surgeon in private practice in Paramus, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Kathryn E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.affiliation: Ms Anigian, Mr Miller, Mr Constantine, Mr Cortez, and Ms Hein are medical students; Dr Lysikowski is Manager of Quality Improvement Analytics; Dr Davis is an Assistant Professor; Dr Reed is a Professor; and Dr Kenkel is a Professor and Vice Chairman of the Department of Plastic Surgery, all at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, TexasDr Farkas is a plastic surgeon in private practice in Paramus, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Reed
authors.affiliation: Ms Anigian, Mr Miller, Mr Constantine, Mr Cortez, and Ms Hein are medical students; Dr Lysikowski is Manager of Quality Improvement Analytics; Dr Davis is an Assistant Professor; Dr Reed is a Professor; and Dr Kenkel is a Professor and Vice Chairman of the Department of Plastic Surgery, all at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, TexasDr Farkas is a plastic surgeon in private practice in Paramus, New Jersey jeffrey.kenkel@utsouthwestern.edu.
authors.forename: Jeffrey M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kenkel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013518:Surgery, Plastic; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013781:Texas; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: antibiotics; comorbidities; complications; outpatient surgery; prophylaxis