title: Sulforaphane-induced autophagy flux prevents prion protein-mediated neurotoxicity through AMPK pathway.
abstract: Prion diseases are neurodegenerative and infectious disorders that involve accumulation of misfolded scrapie prion protein, and which are characterized by spongiform degeneration. Autophagy, a major homeostatic process responsible for the degradation of cytoplasmic components, has garnered attention as the potential target for neurodegenerative diseases such as prion disease. We focused on protective effects of sulforaphane found in cruciferous vegetables on prion-mediated neurotoxicity and the mechanism of sulforaphane related to autophagy. In human neuroblastoma cells, sulforaphane protected prion protein (PrP) (106-126)-mediated neurotoxicity and increased autophagy flux marker microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-II protein levels, following a decrease of p62 protein level. Pharmacological and genetical inhibition of autophagy by 3MA, wortmannin and knockdown of autophagy-related 5 (ATG5) led to block the effect of sulforaphane against PrP (106-126)-induced neurotoxicity. Furthermore we demonstrated that both sulforaphane-induced autophagy and protective effect of sulforaphane against PrP (106-126)-induced neurotoxicity are dependent on the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling. The present results indicated that sulforaphane of cruciferous vegetables enhanced autophagy flux led to the protection effects against prion-mediated neurotoxicity, which was regulated by AMPK signaling pathways in human neuron cells. Our data also suggest that sulforaphane has a potential value as a therapeutic tool in neurodegenerative disease including prion diseases.
authors.affiliation: Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: J-H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: J-K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: sypark@chonbuk.ac.kr.
authors.forename: S-Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects*; D000071187:Autophagy-Related Protein 5; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D006801:Humans; D017879:Isothiocyanates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009447:Neuroblastoma; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000633:toxicity*; D011328:Prions / Q000633:toxicity*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013454:Sulfoxides
chemical_list: C502778:ATG5 protein, human; D000071187:Autophagy-Related Protein 5; D017879:Isothiocyanates; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011328:Prions; D013454:Sulfoxides; C082632:prion protein (106-126); D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; C016766:sulforaphane
keywords: AMPK; autophagy; neurotoxicity; prion; sulforaphane