title: Cloning, expression and cellular localization of the Doublesex gene in the water flea, Daphnia carinata, during different developmental stages.
abstract: In this study, one of Doublesex genes from the common freshwater cladoceran Daphnia carinata, designated DapcaDsx1, was cloned using primers based on homologous sequences and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). qPCR was employed to quantify differences in DapcaDsx1 expression between the different sexual phases, with expression levels being higher in sexual females. The role of DapcaDsx1 in the reproductive transformation was further investigated in parthenogenetic-phase females and sexual-phase females using whole-mount in situ hybridization. This cellular localization study showed specific expression of DapcaDsx1 in the thoracic segments, second antenna and part of the ventral carapace. Higher expression levels were exhibited in sexual females compared to parthenogenetic females. This suggests that the DapcaDsx1 gene plays significant roles in switching modes of reproduction and during sexual differentiation.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors.forename: Mingqing
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors.forename: Haixia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors.forename: Ajing
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors.forename: Donglei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
authors.forename: Danli
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China. Electronic address: zhaoyunlong_ecnu@163.com.
authors.forename: Yunlong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D060829:Arthropod Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D003621:Daphnia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012098:Reproduction / Q000235:genetics; D017385:Sequence Homology; D019849:Sex Determination Processes / Q000235:genetics; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D060829:Arthropod Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C070369:DSX protein, Drosophila; D029721:Drosophila Proteins
keywords: Daphnia carinata; Doublesex gene; Expression; Reproductive transformation; Whole-mount in situ hybridization