title: Docosahexaenoic acid and L-Carnitine prevent ATP loss in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells after exposure to silver nanoparticles.
abstract: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are among the most commonly used nanomaterials, but thus far, little is known about ways to mitigate against potential toxic effects of exposure. In this study, we examined the potential effects of AgNPs on mitochondrial function and cellular ATP levels, and whether these could be prevented by treatment with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and L-carnitine (LC). Acute exposure of AgNPs for 1 h to SH-SY5Y cells resulted in decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and decreased ATP and ADP levels, indicating mitochondrial damage and reduced production of ATP. Incubation of cells with DHA partially reduced, while treatment with LC and DHA completely abolished the AgNP induced decreases in ATP and ADP levels. This could be due to a LC-facilitated entry of DHA to mitochondria, for repair of damaged phospholipids. It is postulated that DHA and LC may be useful for treatment of accidental environmental exposure to AgNPs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119260, Singapore.
authors.forename: Joey Wee-Shan
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119260, Singapore.
authors.forename: Christabel Fung-Yih
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119260, Singapore.
authors.forename: Yee-Kong
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119260, Singapore.|Neurobiology and Ageing Research Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119260, Singapore.|NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119260, Singapore.
authors.forename: Wei-Yi
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Ong
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D002331:Carnitine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000633:toxicity*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism; D012834:Silver / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D010743:Phospholipids; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D012834:Silver; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D002331:Carnitine
keywords: DHA; carnitine; docosahexaenoic acid; engineered nanomaterials; health effects; mitochondria; nanoparticles; nanotoxicology; silver nanoparticles