title: Comparison of fractal dimension and Shannon entropy in myocytes from rats treated with histidine-tryptophan-glutamate and histidine-tryptophan cetoglutarate.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Solutions that cause elective cardiac arrest are constantly evolving, but the ideal compound has not yet been found. The authors compare a new cardioplegic solution with histidine-tryptophan-glutamate (Group 2) and other one with histidine-tryptophan-cetoglutarate (Group 1) in a model of isolated rat heart.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To quantify the fractal dimension and Shannon entropy in rat myocytes subjected to cardioplegia solution using histidine-tryptophan with glutamate in an experimental model, considering the caspase markers, IL-8 and KI-67.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty male Wistar rats were anesthetized and heparinized. The chest was opened, the heart was withdrawn and 40 ml/kg of cardioplegia (with histidine-tryptophan-cetoglutarate or histidine-tryptophan-glutamate solution) was infused. The hearts were kept for 2 hours at 4ºC in the same solution, and thereafter placed in the Langendorff apparatus for 30 min with Ringer-Locke solution. Analyzes were performed for immunohistochemical caspase, IL-8 and KI-67.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The fractal dimension and Shannon entropy were not different between groups histidine-tryptophan-glutamate and histidine-tryptophan-acetoglutarate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The amount of information measured by Shannon entropy and the distribution thereof (given by fractal dimension) of the slices treated with histidine-tryptophan-cetoglutarate and histidine-tryptophan-glutamate were not different, showing that the histidine-tryptophan-glutamate solution is as good as histidine-tryptophan-acetoglutarate to preserve myocytes in isolated rat heart.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Marcos Aurélio Barboza de
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Hospital de Base São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Antônio Carlos
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Brandi
authors.affiliation: Hospital de Base São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Carlos Alberto dos
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Hospital de Base São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Paulo Henrique Husseni
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Botelho
authors.affiliation: Santa Casa Votuporanga, Votuporanga, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: José Luís Lasso
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Cortez
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, Brasil.
authors.forename: Moacir Fernandes de
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Godoy
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Domingo Marcolino
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Braile
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020169:Caspases / Q000032:analysis; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D019277:Entropy; D017709:Fractals; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects; D006324:Heart Arrest, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000032:analysis; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008353:Mannitol / Q000494:pharmacology; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000187:drug effects*; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D011343:Procaine / Q000494:pharmacology; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C039984:Bretschneider cardioplegic solution; D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions; D016209:Interleukin-8; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; C498355:Mki67 protein, mouse; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D008353:Mannitol; D011343:Procaine; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D020169:Caspases; D005947:Glucose