title: Severe unexpected adverse effects after permanent eye makeup and their management by Q-switched Nd:YAG laser.
abstract: Permanent makeup is a cosmetic tattoo that is used to enhance one's appearance, and which has become more popular among middle-aged and elderly women. A couple of benefits seem to be associated with permanent tattoos in the elderly: saving time (wake up with makeup); poor eyesight (difficult to apply makeup); and saving money. On the other hand, cosmetic tattoos bear the same risks as other tattoo procedures. We report on fading and unintended hyperpigmentation after tattooing on eyebrows and eyelids, and discuss the scientific and anatomical background behind the possible cause. Dermatochalasis may be a possible risk factor for excessive unwanted discolorations. Q-switched neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser is an appropriate and safe therapeutic tool that can manage such adverse effects. Consumer protection warrants better information and education of the risks of cosmetic tattoos - in particular, for elderly women.
authors.affiliation: Clinica Goldman, Porto Alegre RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goldman
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Academic Teaching Hospital Dresden-Friedrichstadt, Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Wollina
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000535:Aluminum; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005138:Eyebrows; D005143:Eyelids; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D013653:Tattooing / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015019:Yttrium
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; C503779:yttrium-aluminum-garnet; D015019:Yttrium; D000535:Aluminum
keywords: Q-switched Nd:YAG laser; adverse effects; cosmetic tattoos; dermatochalasis; permanent makeup