title: Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level and Aortic Intima-Media Thickness in Patients Without Clinical Manifestation of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Existing evidence suggests that impaired vitamin D metabolism contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. Aortic intima-media thickness (IMT) is an earlier marker than carotid IMT of preclinical atherosclerosis. However, there is a lack of researches on direct investigation of relevance between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and thoracic aortic IMT. In this study, we aimed to assess the relationship between thoracic aortic IMT and 25(OH)D.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 117 patients (mean age: 45.5 ± 8.4 years) who underwent transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) for various indications. Serum 25(OH)D was measured using a direct competitive chemiluminescent immunoassay. The patients were divided into three groups according to the their serum 25(OH)D levels (VitDdeficiency , VitDinsufficient and VitDnormal groups). TEE was performed in all subjects. High sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and other biochemical markers were measured using an automated chemistry analyzer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only 24.8% (29 patients) of patients had normal levels of 25(OH)D. The highest aortic IMT values were observed in VitDdeficiency group compared with VitDinsufficient and VitDnormal groups (P < 0.05, for all). Also aortic IMT values of VitDinsufficient group were higher than VitDnormal group (P < 0.05). 25(OH)D was independently associated with hs-CRP (β = -0.442, P < 0.001) and aortic IMT (β = -0.499, P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The lower 25(OH)D level was independently associated with higher aortic IMT values. Therefore, hypovitaminosis D may have a role on pathogenesis of subclinical thoracic atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Adana/Turkey.
authors.forename: Gülhan Yüksel
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Kalkan
authors.affiliation: Kafkas University, School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Kars, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gür
authors.affiliation: Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Adana/Turkey.
authors.forename: Nermin Yıldız
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Koyunsever
authors.affiliation: Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Adana/Turkey.
authors.forename: Taner
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Şeker
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Mersin State Hospital, Mersin, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet Yavuz
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Gözükara
authors.affiliation: Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Adana/Turkey.
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uçar
authors.affiliation: Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Adana/Turkey.
authors.forename: Onur
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kaypaklı
authors.affiliation: Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Adana/Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet Oytun
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Baykan
authors.affiliation: Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Adana/Turkey.
authors.forename: Selehattin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akyol
authors.affiliation: Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Adana/Turkey.
authors.forename: Caner
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Türkoğlu
authors.affiliation: Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Adana/Turkey.
authors.forename: Zafer
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Elbasan
authors.affiliation: Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Adana/Turkey.
authors.forename: Durmuş Yıldıray
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Şahin
authors.affiliation: Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Adana/Turkey.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Çaylı
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D
keywords: CRP; Vitamin D; echocardiography; intima-media