title: Is the incidence of temporomandibular disorder increased in polycystic ovary syndrome?
abstract: The prevalence of temporomandibular disorders is higher among women than men (ratio 3:1 -9:1). Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women, which is characterised by chronic low-grade inflammation and excess of androgenic hormones that lead to metabolic aberrations and ovarian dysfunction. Increased activities of various matrix metalloproteinases (particularly MMP-2 and 9) in the serum of these patients has been reported, and it has been hypothesised that high activities of MMP may contribute to loss of matrix and chronic inflammation of the fibrocartilage in temporomandibular disorders. Our aim was to evaluate the incidence of temopormandibular dysfunction in women with PCOS compared with an age-matched, disease-free, control group. We studied 50 patients with previously diagnosed PCOS and 50 volunteers who had normal menstrual cycles. We made a comprehensive clinical examination of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and muscles of mastication in both groups and recorded the Visual Analogue Scores (VAS) for pain. There were significant differences (p<0.001) in the incidence of temporomandibular disorders (n=43 (86%) in the PCOS group compared with n=12 24% in the control group), muscle tenderness(n=32 (64%) in the PCOS group compared with n=14 (28%) in the control group) and pain in the TMJ (mean (SD) VAS 2.9 (2.61) compared with 0.3 (1.56). We confirm the higher incidence and severity of disorders of the TMJ in patients with PCOS and suspect that chronic low-grade inflammation may play a part in the aetiology of the disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 11. Sokak no:26 Bahçelievler, Ankara, Türkiye. Electronic address: sdksoydan@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Sidika Sinem
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Soydan
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kısıklı Caddesi Oymacı Sokak No:7 Altunizade, Üsküdar İstanbul, Türkiye. Electronic address: kgndeniz@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Kagan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Deniz
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 11. Sokak no:26 Bahçelievler, Ankara, Türkiye. Electronic address: suckan@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Sina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uckan
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology Department, Kısıklı Caddesi Oymacı Sokak No:7, Altunizade, Üsküdar İstanbul, Türkiye. Electronic address: aslidogruk@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Aslı Dogruk
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Unal
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology Department, Mareşal Fevzi ÇakmakCaddesi, 10. Sokak no:45, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: neslibascil@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Neslihan Bascıl
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Tutuncu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005157:Facial Pain / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D008406:Masseter Muscle / Q000503:physiopathology; D063806:Myalgia / Q000150:complications; D009334:Neck Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011626:Pterygoid Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D013703:Temporal Muscle / Q000503:physiopathology; D019224:Temporomandibular Joint Disc / Q000503:physiopathology; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology
keywords: Internal derangement; Matrix metalloproteinase; Polycystic ovary syndrome; Temporomandibular joint disorder; Temporomandibular pain