title: The importance of monocytes and macrophages in HIV pathogenesis, treatment, and cure.
abstract: Monocytes and macrophages play critical roles in HIV transmission, viral spread early in infection, and as a reservoir of virus throughout infection. There has been a recent resurgence of interest in the biology of monocyte subsets and macrophages and their role in HIV pathogenesis, partly fuelled by efforts to understand difficulties in achieving HIV eradication. This article examines the importance of monocyte subsets and tissue macrophages in HIV pathogenesis. Additionally, we will review the role of monocytes and macrophages in the development of serious non-AIDS events including cardiovascular disease and neurocognitive impairment, their significance in viral persistence, and how these cells represent an important obstacle to achieving HIV eradication.
authors.affiliation: aDepartment of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA bCentre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute cDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Monash University dInfectious Diseases Unit, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Jennifer H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Anna C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Hearps
authors.forename: Genevieve E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Kenneth C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Suzanne M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Crowe
mesh_terms: D015526:AIDS Dementia Complex / Q000473:pathology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000473:pathology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000635:transmission; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*