title: A bird's eye view of anisatin induced convulsive seizures in brain by a (1)H NMR based metabolic approach.
abstract: Anisatin is the main convulsant component in plants of the genus Illicium, many of which are important spices or folk medicines. The neurotoxicity of anisatin has been widely investigated, mainly focusing on its action on the γ-amino butyrate (GABA) system; however, little is known about the metabolic alterations that it causes. In this study, a NMR-based metabolomic approach was performed on the extracts of cortexes and cerebellums of mice administered with anisatin to explore the metabolic events associated with its intoxication. Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) revealed many differential metabolites that indicated metabolic disturbance in neurotransmission and neuromodulation (GABA, glutamate, glutamine, and taurine), stress of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (ascorbate, phosphatidylcholine, choline, and ethanolamine), energy metabolism (NAD(+)i.e., nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide, lactate, citrate, fumarate, creatine/phosphocreatine, and creatinine), amino acid metabolism (leucine, isoleucine, valine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, alanine, threonine, and glycine) and nucleic acid metabolism (NAD(+), nicotinamide/niacinamide, adenosine, and guanosine). This pilot metabolomic study on anisatin intoxication should help to develop a holistic view of convulsive seizures induced by anisatin, and provide a better understanding of the mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China. cpu_lykong@126.com.
authors.forename: Dan-Dan
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.lastname: Ge-Dong
authors.forename: Ping-Ping
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Jun-Song
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ming-Hui
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ming-Hua
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Ling-Yi
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Kong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002525:Cerebellar Cortex / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D029523:Illicium / Q000737:chemistry; D007783:Lactones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D055442:Metabolome / Q000187:drug effects*; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular / Q000379:methods; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013141:Spiro Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D007783:Lactones; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D013141:Spiro Compounds; C031244:anisatin