title: Effects of a eucaloric reduced-carbohydrate diet on body composition and fat distribution in women with PCOS.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if consumption of a reduced-carbohydrate (CHO) diet would result in preferential loss of adipose tissue under eucaloric conditions, and whether changes in adiposity were associated with changes in postprandial insulin concentration.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a crossover-diet intervention, 30 women with PCOS consumed a reduced-CHO diet (41:19:40% energy from CHO:protein:fat) for 8 weeks and a standard diet (55:18:27) for 8 weeks. Body composition by DXA and fat distribution by CT were assessed at baseline and following each diet phase. Insulin AUC was obtained from a solid meal test (SMT) during each diet phase.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants lost 3.7% and 2.2% total fat following the reduced-CHO diet and STD diet, resp. (p<0.05 for difference between diets). The reduced-CHO diet induced a decrease in subcutaneous-abdominal, intra-abdominal, and thigh-intermuscular adipose tissue (-7.1%, -4.6%, and -11.5%, resp.), and the STD diet induced a decrease in total lean mass. Loss of fat mass following the reduced CHO diet arm was associated with lower insulin AUC (p<0.05) during the SMT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In women with PCOS, consumption of a diet lower in CHO resulted in preferential loss of fat mass from metabolically harmful adipose depots, whereas a diet high in CHO appeared to promote repartitioning of lean mass to fat mass.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition Sciences, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA. Electronic address: amymiski@uab.edu.
authors.forename: Amy M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Goss
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition Sciences, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA.
authors.forename: Paula C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Chandler-Laney
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ovalle
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition Sciences, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA.
authors.forename: Laura Lee
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Goree
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA; Department of Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Azziz
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA.
authors.forename: Renee A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Desmond
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wright Bates
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition Sciences, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA.
authors.forename: Barbara A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Gower
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004038:Diet, Reducing / Q000379:methods; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D007328:Insulin
keywords: Intra-abdominal adipose tissue; Macronutrient composition; Obesity