title: Effect of long-term physical exercise program and/or diet on metabolic syndrome in obese boys.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There have been just a few studies examining the influence of detraining on obese boys. They conclude that any gains regress to the untrained control values during the detraining period.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the present study was thus to evaluate the effects of detraining (6 months) on metabolic syndrome after two types of intervention (both 31 months), one of an exercise program alone and the other of a diet-plus-exercise program, in obese boys.
  
  
  METHODS
  The participants were 18 sedentary boys (8- 11 years old) with a body mass index equal or greater than the 97th percentile for the age and sex (male) of the subject, without any dysfunction or metabolic problem. The participants were divided into two groups - the E group (physical exercise program) and the E+D group (physical exercise program plus a low calorie diet). Metabolic parameters were evaluated (TC, HDL, LDL, TG, glucose, insulin, Systolic Blood Pressure, and Diastolic Blood Pressure), allowing the metabolic syndrome index to be calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Changes were observed in LDL-C (effect sizes = -3.19 and -2.28) and in the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio (effect sizes = -3.02 and -1.16) in the E and E+D groups, respectively. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and obesity was completely removed only in the E group (100% norisk and non-obese subjects - < 90th percentile).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Detraining from a long-term exercise program (with or without diet) seems not to negatively affect the cardiovascular profile, suggesting that the program provides benefits and fosters healthy habits that can be maintained over time, preventing the development of metabolic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte. AFIDES Research Group. Universidad de Extremadura. Spain.. antonioghh@unex.es.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: García Hermoso
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte. AFIDES Research Group. Universidad de Extremadura. Spain.. jsaavdra@unex.es.
authors.forename: José Miguel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Saavedra García
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte. AFIDES Research Group. Universidad de Extremadura. Spain.. yescgon@unex.es.
authors.forename: Yolanda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Escalante González
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte. AFIDES Research Group. Universidad de Extremadura. Spain.. adominguez@unex.ex.
authors.forename: Ana María
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Domínguez Pachón
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D015444:Exercise; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy*; D013997:Time Factors