title: Mirror movements identified in patients with moebius syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Moebius syndrome is a rare disorder with minimum clinical criteria of congenital facial weakness in association with impairment in abduction of one or both eyes. Mirror movements are not known to be associated with Moebius syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present three patients who meet minimum criteria for a diagnosis of Moebius syndrome and who also display mirror movements.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This case series suggests that Moebius syndrome may be associated with mirror movements. Further investigation to delineate the genetic etiologies of Moebius syndrome is ongoing. Patients with Moebius syndrome and mirror movements may represent a specific subclass of this disorder.
authors.affiliation: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Bryn D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.affiliation: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Tamiesha
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Frempong
authors.affiliation: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Naidich
authors.affiliation: University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gaspar
authors.affiliation: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Ethylin Wang
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Jabs
authors.affiliation: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Janet C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rucker
keywords: Mirror movements; Moebius syndrome