title: Factors Affecting Caregiver Burden 1 Year After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Prospective Nationwide Multicenter Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess burden in the caregivers of patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) 1 year postinjury, related to caregiver's demographic data and social network, patient's demographic data, injury severity, and functional status.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective national multicenter study. Self-report from caregivers, patient data collected from the national cohort on patients with severe TBI.
  
  
  METHODS
  92 caregivers.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Caregiver Burden Scale (CBS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total caregiver burden was reported high in 16% of caregivers and moderate in 34%. The mean total burden index was 2.12, indicating a moderate burden. Caregivers reported highest scores on the General strain index, followed by the Disappointment index. Poor social network, feeling loneliness, and caring for patients with severe disability were significant predictors of higher burden in univariate analyses (P < .01). Multiple linear regression analyses showed that experiencing loneliness and caring for a patient with more severe disability were independent predictors for higher caregiver burden for all CBS indices. Marital status (married) and low frequency of meeting friends were significant results in some indices.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lack of a social network, feeling loneliness, and patient's functional status are predictors of caregiver burden. General strain, disappointment, and isolation were identified as areas in which caregiver burden is high.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway (Ms Manskow and Dr Anke); Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Health and Care Sciences, University of Tromso, Norway (Ms Manskow and Dr Damsgård); Department of Research, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Nesoddtangen, Norway (Dr Sigurdardottir); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway (Dr Røe and Andelic); Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway (Dr Skandsen); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway (Dr Skandsen); Department of Health Sciences, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Lund University, Sweden (Dr Elmståhl); Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromso, Norway (Dr Anke); Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway (Dr Røe).
authors.forename: Unn Sollid
authors.initials: US
authors.lastname: Manskow
authors.forename: Solrun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sigurdardottir
authors.forename: Cecilie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Røe
authors.forename: Nada
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Andelic
authors.forename: Toril
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Skandsen
authors.forename: Elin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Damsgård
authors.forename: Sølve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Elmståhl
authors.forename: Audny
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anke
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000451:nursing* / Q000628:therapy; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology*; D057189:Checklist; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003266:Continuity of Patient Care; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D006801:Humans; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D008134:Long-Term Care; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009664:Norway; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult