title: Eye movements in ephedrone-induced parkinsonism.
abstract: Patients with ephedrone parkinsonism (EP) show a complex, rapidly progressive, irreversible, and levodopa non-responsive parkinsonian and dystonic syndrome due to manganese intoxication. Eye movements may help to differentiate parkinsonian syndromes providing insights into which brain networks are affected in the underlying disease, but they have never been systematically studied in EP. Horizontal and vertical eye movements were recorded in 28 EP and compared to 21 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, and 27 age- and gender-matched healthy subjects using standardized oculomotor tasks with infrared videooculography. EP patients showed slow and hypometric horizontal saccades, an increased occurrence of square wave jerks, long latencies of vertical antisaccades, a high error rate in the horizontal antisaccade task, and made more errors than controls when pro- and antisaccades were mixed. Based on oculomotor performance, a direct differentiation between EP and PD was possible only by the velocity of horizontal saccades. All remaining metrics were similar between both patient groups. EP patients present extensive oculomotor disturbances probably due to manganese-induced damage to the basal ganglia, reflecting their role in oculomotor system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bonnet
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Circuit Theory, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rusz
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, S. Khechinashvili University Clinic, Tbilisi, Georgia; Institute of Medical Research, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia.
authors.forename: Marika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Megrelishvili
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Cybernetics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Tomáš
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sieger
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Pharmacology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Matoušková
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tbilisi, Georgia.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okujava
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Hana
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Brožová
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Tomáš
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nikolai
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jaromír
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hanuška
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, S. Khechinashvili University Clinic, Tbilisi, Georgia.
authors.forename: Mariam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kapianidze
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, S. Khechinashvili University Clinic, Tbilisi, Georgia.
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mikeladze
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, S. Khechinashvili University Clinic, Tbilisi, Georgia.
authors.forename: Nazi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Botchorishvili
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, S. Khechinashvili University Clinic, Tbilisi, Georgia.
authors.forename: Irine
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Khatiashvili
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, S. Khechinashvili University Clinic, Tbilisi, Georgia.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Janelidze
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Tereza
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Serranová
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Ondřej
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Fiala
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.affiliation: Analytical Chemistry and Neurochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Biomedical Center and SciLife Lab, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jonas
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bergquist
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jech
authors.affiliation: CRICM UPMC/INSERM UMR_S975, CNRS UMR7225, ICM, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Pierre et Marie Curie Paris-6 University, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rivaud-Péchoux
authors.affiliation: CRICM UPMC/INSERM UMR_S975, CNRS UMR7225, ICM, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Pierre et Marie Curie Paris-6 University, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Bertrand
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gaymard
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Evžen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Růžička
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000503:physiopathology; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008345:Manganese / Q000633:toxicity; D008875:Middle Aged; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011427:Propiophenones / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012438:Saccades / Q000502:physiology*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D011427:Propiophenones; C047806:monomethylpropion; D008345:Manganese