title: De novo renal cell carcinoma in a kidney allograft with focus on contrast-enhanced ultrasound.
abstract: The development of de novo renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in a transplanted kidney is a rare condition. Currently, this is the second case report of a 41-year-old man in whom carcinoma of a renal allograft was detected by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). An abdominal CT scan was not conclusive enough to differentiate between septal enhancement of a cyst and a low vascularized tumor. CEUS confirmed a solid, homogeneously enhancing but hypoechoic and hypovascular lesion compared to the surrounding kidney parenchyma without septal enhancement. Therefore, the patient underwent nephron-sparing surgery (NSS), affirming papillary RCC type 2. Graft function remained unchanged postoperatively; 12 months after NSS, no local recurrence or distant metastasis was described. CEUS seems to be a minimally invasive and efficient imaging option if other diagnostic tools cannot clearly exclude RCC, with the advantage of wide-ranging use, especially in cases of impaired renal function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Renate
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pichler
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Heidegger
authors.forename: Friedrich
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aigner
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bösmüller
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schneeberger
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maglione
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schäfer
authors.forename: Hannes
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Steiner
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Horninger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000737:chemistry*; D000068338:Everolimus; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009399:Nephrons / Q000473:pathology; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012008:Recurrence; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D000068338:Everolimus; D020123:Sirolimus; D016559:Tacrolimus