title: Analytical methods for the determination of personal care products in human samples: an overview.
abstract: Personal care products (PCPs) are organic chemicals widely used in everyday human life. Nowadays, preservatives, UV-filters, antimicrobials and musk fragrances are widely used PCPs. Different studies have shown that some of these compounds can cause adverse health effects, such as genotoxicity, which could even lead to mutagenic or carcinogenic effects, or estrogenicity because of their endocrine disruption activity. Due to the absence of official monitoring protocols, there is an increasing demand of analytical methods that allow the determination of those compounds in human samples in order to obtain more information regarding their behavior and fate in the human body. The complexity of the biological matrices and the low concentration levels of these compounds make necessary the use of advanced sample treatment procedures that afford both, sample clean-up, to remove potentially interfering matrix components, as well as the concentration of analytes. In the present work, a review of the more recent analytical methods published in the scientific literature for the determination of PCPs in human fluids and tissue samples, is presented. The work focused on sample preparation and the analytical techniques employed.
authors.affiliation: Research Group of Analytical Chemistry and Life Sciences, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Campus of Fuentenueva, University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain; Laboratory of Medical Investigations, San Cecilio University Hospital, University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Díaz
authors.affiliation: Research Group of Analytical Chemistry and Life Sciences, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Campus of Fuentenueva, University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain. Electronic address: azafra@ugr.es.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zafra-Gómez
authors.affiliation: Research Group of Analytical Chemistry and Life Sciences, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Campus of Fuentenueva, University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ballesteros
authors.affiliation: Research Group of Analytical Chemistry and Life Sciences, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Campus of Fuentenueva, University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Navalón
mesh_terms: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000032:analysis; D001577:Benzophenones / Q000032:analysis; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000737:chemistry; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000032:analysis; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D059625:Liquid-Liquid Extraction; D008297:Male; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000032:analysis*; D010476:Perfume; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical / Q000032:analysis*; D012661:Semen / Q000737:chemistry; D044967:Serum / Q000737:chemistry; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000032:analysis*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D016482:Urinalysis
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D001577:Benzophenones; D004202:Disinfectants; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D010476:Perfume; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical; D013473:Sunscreening Agents
keywords: Antimicrobials analysis; Benzophenone UV-filters analysis; Musk fragrances analysis; Personal care products; Preservatives analysis; Sample preparation