title: Possible prognostic significance of p53, cyclin D1 and Ki-67 in the second primary malignancy of patients with double primary malignancies.
abstract: Patients with two types of primary cancers are rare. In this study, we investigated the expression of p53, cyclin D1, and Ki-67 in the second primary malignancy. Tissue samples were obtained from the second primary cancer site of 43 patients who met the diagnostic criteria for double primary cancer. p53, cyclin D1 and Ki-67 were determined using immunohistochemistry. Categorical variables were compared using the Chi-squared test; correlation between data scores and histology was calculated using the Spearman's rank-order correlation. The expression rates of p53, cyclin D1 and Ki-67 in the second primary malignancy site were 60.5%, 30.2% and 65.1% respectively. p53 expression showed statistically significant association with tumor occurrence interval, pathological grading and nodal metastasis (p < 0.05). Positive correlation was detected between the expression of cyclin D1 and Ki-67 and the expression of p53 (r = 0.313, p = 0.041; r = 0.319, p = 0.037, respectively). High-expressing p53 or cyclin D second primary malignancies were associated with decreased overall survival (p = 0.040 and p = 0.043, respectively). Ki-67 expression levels did not exhibit statistically significant differences in survival. In conclusion, elevated protein expression of p53, cyclin D1 and Ki-67 in the second primary malignancy is an indicator of more aggressive malignant behavior of the secondary tumor. These markers may have prognostic value in the clinical setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Jun-Ming
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: De-Zhen
authors.initials: DZ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Yanbian University College of Medicine Yanbian 133000, Jilin, China.
authors.forename: Zhen-Hua
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Peng
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University Yanbian 133000, Jilin, China.
authors.forename: Mei-Hua
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C530104:CCND1 protein, human; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; C495901:TP53 protein, human; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D019938:Cyclin D1
keywords: Double primary malignancies; Ki-67; cyclin D1; immunohistochemistry; p53; second primary malignancy