title: An artificial tongue fluorescent sensor array for identification and quantitation of various heavy metal ions.
abstract: Herein, a small-molecule fluorescent sensor array for rapid identification of seven heavy metal ions was designed and synthesized, with its sensing mechanism mimicking that of a tongue. The photoinduced electron transfer and intramolecular charge transfer mechanism result in combinatorial interactions between sensor array and heavy metal ions, which lead to diversified fluorescence wavelength shifts and emission intensity changes. Upon principle component analysis (PCA), this result renders clear identification of each heavy metal ion on a 3D spatial dispersion graph. Further exploration provides a concentration-dependent pattern, allowing both qualitative and quantitative measurements of heavy metal ions. On the basis of this information, a "safe-zone" concept was proposed, which provides rapid exclusion of versatile hazardous species from clean water samples based on toxicity characteristic leaching procedure standards. This type of small-molecule fluorescent sensor array could open a new avenue for multiple heavy metal ion detection and simplified water quality analysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry & MedChem Program of Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore , Singapore 117543.
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Changliang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Chai Lean
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Teoh
authors.forename: Juanjuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Shubhankar Haribhau
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Gadre
authors.forename: Hyun-Woo
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.forename: Chi-Lik Ken
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Young-Tae
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D002623:Chemistry Techniques, Analytical / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D004581:Electronics; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry*; D007477:Ions / Q000737:chemistry; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis*; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011789:Quantum Theory
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007477:Ions; D019216:Metals, Heavy