title: Reduced CD200 and CD200R1 expression in human chorionic villi contributes to early spontaneous abortion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the expression of CD200 and its receptor (CD200R) in human chorionic villi during the first trimester of normal pregnancy and early spontaneous abortion (ESA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Expression of CD200 and CD200R in the chorionic villi was determined using streptavidin-peroxidase immunohistochemistry, confocal laser scanning microscopy and real-time polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-five women diagnosed with ESA and 30 women experiencing a healthy pregnancy in a medical university hospital in China were enrolled in this study between 2011 and 2013.
  
  
  METHODS
  CD200 and CD200R expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of CD200 in syncytiotrophoblast cells was significantly higher during normal pregnancy than in ESA (0.51 ± 0.05 vs. 0.35 ± 0.05). In contrast, expression of CD200 in cytotrophoblast cells and CD200R in stromal cells was significantly lower during normal pregnancy when compared with ESA (CD200: 0.16 ± 0.02 vs. 0.32 ± 0.03; CD200R: 0.19 ± 0.03 vs. 0.22 ± 0.02). In villi, the expression of both CD200 protein and CD200R transcripts were significantly higher in healthy first-trimester pregnancy than in ESA (CD200: 156.89 ± 105.65 vs. 37.51 ± 17.62).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is an increase in inhibitory properties of human chorionic villi during normal pregnancy. The mechanism underlying ESA might be associated with enhanced expression of CD200 and CD200R in the trophoblast, leading to an upregulation of the immune response during the first trimester of pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prevention and Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an.
authors.forename: Li-Qin
authors.initials: LQ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chun-Fang
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Xue-Wen
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002824:Chorionic Villi / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D064446:Orexin Receptors; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First / Q000235:genetics; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000954:Antigens, Surface; C477337:CD200R1 protein, human; D064446:Orexin Receptors; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C042739:antigens, CD200
keywords: CD200; Spontaneous abortion; chorionic villus; immunohistochemistry; syncytiotrophoblast