title: The diversion of stimulant medications among a convenience sample of college students with current prescriptions.
abstract: Diversion is defined as the unlawful channeling of regulated pharmaceuticals from legal sources to the illicit marketplace. Persons with legal prescriptions often give away or sell their medications to others. The misuse of prescription stimulant medications continues to be a problem on college campuses and a need to understand how students are obtaining stimulant medications exists. The object of the study was to identify the prevalence, correlates, and motivations associated with diversion of prescription stimulants among current prescription holders. A large sample of undergraduates (n = 1,022) between the ages of 18 and 24 enrolled at a large public university in the southeastern United States completed an in class questionnaire. Among those respondents, we identified 151 current stimulant prescription holders and analyzed the prevalence, motivations, and correlates associated with lifetime and current diversion. Overall, 58.9% of current prescription holders had given away or sold their stimulant medication during their lifetime. Those with a history of nonmedical use of prescription stimulants were almost 5 times more likely to divert their medication during their lifetime. The majority of those engaging in lifetime and current diversion medication did so infrequently. The most common motivations reported for both lifetime and current diversion were "to make extra money" and to "help during a time of high academic stress." Students who reported a history of prescription misuse were also more likely to engage in current diversion. Diversion-related behaviors should be explored further and programs aimed at the reducing these behaviors should be considered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation.
authors.forename: Andrew R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Gallucci
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Education and Promotion, East Carolina University.
authors.forename: Ryan J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: College of Human Environmental Sciences, University of Alabama.
authors.forename: Stuart L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Usdan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D064226:Prescription Drug Diversion; D015995:Prevalence; D013334:Students; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014495:Universities; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants