title: Survival trends among patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma in the United States.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Since the approval of sorafenib in December 2005, several targeted therapeutic agents have been approved by the FDA for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). This study was conducted to find out whether the improvements in survival of advanced RCC patients with targeted agents have translated into a survival benefit in a population-based cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed the SEER 18 (Surveillance, Epidemiology and End RESULTS) registry database to calculate the relative survival rates for advanced RCC patients during 2001-2009, 2001-2005, 2006-2007 and 2008-2009. We also evaluated the survival rates by age (<65 and ≥65 years) and sex.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total number of advanced RCC patients during 2001-2009, 2001-2005, 2006-2007 and 2008-2009 were 7,047, 4,059, 1,548 and 1,440, respectively. During 2001-2009, the 1- and 3-year relative survival rates were 26.7±0.6 and 10.0±0.4%, respectively. There was no significant difference in 1-year relative survival rates for patients diagnosed during 2006-2007 and 2008-2009 compared to those diagnosed during 2001-2005. Similarly, the 3-year survival rates for patients diagnosed during 2006-2007 were similar to those diagnosed during 2001-2005.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This population-based study showed that there was no significant improvement in relative survival rates among advanced RCC patients in the era of targeted agents.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Center and Blood Institute, St. Joseph Regional Medical Center, Lewiston, Idaho, USA.
authors.forename: Binay Kumar
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Krishna Bilas
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Ghimire
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018426:SEER Program; D000077157:Sorafenib; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D009536:Niacinamide; D000077157:Sorafenib