title: The protective role of prosaposin and its receptors in the nervous system.
abstract: Prosaposin (also known as SGP-1) is an intriguing multifunctional protein that plays roles both intracellularly, as a regulator of lysosomal enzyme function, and extracellularly, as a secreted factor with neuroprotective and glioprotective effects. Following secretion, prosaposin can undergo endocytosis via an interaction with the low-density lipoprotein-related receptor 1 (LRP1). The ability of secreted prosaposin to promote protective effects in the nervous system is known to involve activation of G proteins, and the orphan G protein-coupled receptors GPR37 and GPR37L1 have recently been shown to mediate signaling induced by both prosaposin and a fragment of prosaposin known as prosaptide. In this review, we describe recent advances in our understanding of prosaposin, its receptors and their importance in the nervous system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.
authors.forename: Rebecca C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.
authors.forename: Michelle M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Giddens
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.
authors.forename: Brilee M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Coleman
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States. Electronic address: rhall@pharm.emory.edu.
authors.forename: Randy A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hall
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism; D059290:Dopaminergic Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D026503:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D009416:Nerve Regeneration; D009420:Nervous System / Q000378:metabolism; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000378:metabolism; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism; D049231:Saposins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: C480827:GPR37 receptor, human; C475476:LRP1 protein, human; D026503:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; C483345:PSAP protein, human; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D049231:Saposins; C101246:prosaptide
keywords: GPCR; Lysosome; Myelination; Nerve; Neuroprotection; Neurotrophic