title: I am pregnant and want to do better but i can't: focus groups with low-income overweight and obese pregnant women.
abstract: This study was conducted to identify factors that influenced stress, healthy eating and physical activity among low-income overweight or obese pregnant women. We conducted seven focus groups with 96 low-income overweight and obese pregnant women. Common themes were identified from audio tapes and transcripts. Women said that poor communication affected their relationships with spouses or significant others. They were frustrated or upset with significant others for three key reasons: failure to understand or listen to the pregnant women's pregnancy concerns, refusal to be helpful when asked and being overly concerned with the woman's safety. Most women said that they were emotional and took naps throughout the day after becoming pregnant. Many withdrew from their social interactions. They also faced numerous challenges that made healthy eating more difficult, e.g., craving for unhealthy foods and eating foods for comfort. To eat healthier, some reminded themselves to avoid overeating or stop eating in the car. Women were not physically active because of tiredness, lack of motivation, inadequate social support, or bad weather. Some stayed physically active to prevent excessive pregnancy weight gain and have an easier labor. Women equivocally said weighing themselves to manage weight would add to their stress and make them feel more depressed. When designing interventions to help low-income overweight and obese pregnant women avoid excessive pregnancy weight gain, it is important to include information and practical advice on stress management, emphasizing effective communication skills with significant others and helping them plan effective ways to manage negative feelings.
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Michigan State University, 1355 Bogue Street, RM C346, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA, changme@msu.edu.
authors.forename: Mei-Wei
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nitzke
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Buist
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cain
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Horning
authors.forename: Kobra
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Eghtedary
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008019:Life Style; D008824:Michigan / Q000453:epidemiology; D009042:Motivation; D009043:Motor Activity; D009765:Obesity; D050177:Overweight; D011203:Poverty; D011247:Pregnancy; D037841:Pregnant People / Q000523:psychology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D000068356:Self-Control; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D012944:Social Support; D018454:Spouses; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology; D044465:White People; D055815:Young Adult