title: Physical activity and chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a prevalent urologic disorder among men, but its etiology is still poorly understood. Our objective was to examine the relation between physical activity and incidence of CP/CPPS in a large cohort of male health professionals.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a prospective cohort study among men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study followed from 1986 to 2008. The study population included 20,918 men who completed all CP/CPPS questions on the 2008 questionnaire. Leisure-time physical activity, including type and intensity of activity, was measured by questionnaire in 1986. A National Institute of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index pain score was calculated on the basis of the responses on the 2008 questionnaire. Participants with pain scores ≥8 were considered CP/CPPS cases (n = 689).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher leisure-time physical activity was associated with lower risk of CP/CPPS. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratio comparing >35.0 to ≤3.5 MET·h·wk of physical activity was 0.72 (95% confidence interval, 0.56-0.92; P for trend <0.001). Observed inverse associations between physical activity and CP/CPPS were similar for both moderate- and vigorous-intensity activities. Sedentary behavior, measured as time spent watching television, was not associated with risk of CP/CPPS (P for trend = 0.64).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings from this study, the first large scale and most comprehensive study to date on this association, suggest that higher levels of leisure-time physical activity may lower risk of CP/CPPS in middle-age and older men.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA; 2Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA; 3Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN; 4Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; 5Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; 6Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and 7Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Andrea K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Chomistek
authors.forename: Jordan D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Dimitrakoff
authors.forename: Edward L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Giovannucci
authors.forename: Walter C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Willett
authors.forename: Bernard A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Rosner
authors.forename: Kana
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015444:Exercise; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007899:Leisure Activities; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D017699:Pelvic Pain / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011472:Prostatitis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D012307:Risk Factors; D013577:Syndrome; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology