title: Anthropometry and body composition of vertically HIV-infected children and adolescents under therapy with and without protease inhibitors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although the benefits of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) have been documented, it is thought to be associated to disturbances in nutritional status. These disturbances may occur early in life and are poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between anthropometric parameters and body composition of perinatally HIV-infected children and adolescents under HAART, according to use and non-use of protease inhibitors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study undertaken between August and December 2007. Demographic, socio-economic, clinical and anthropometric data were collected from the patients. The χ 2 test, Wilcoxon rank sum test (Mann-Whitney) and t test were used to compare the following variables between users and non-users of protease inhibitors: age, gender, per capita income, HAART exposure, antiretroviral therapy adopted in the last three years, CD4 count, viral load, pubertal stage, nutritional status (BMI-for-age, height-for-age, waist and neck circumferences, triceps skinfold thickness, body fat percentage, upper-arm fat area and upper-arm muscle area).
  
  
  METHODS
  An HIV/AIDS out-patient clinic, São Paulo, Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and fifteen patients (children and adolescents aged 6-19 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Protease inhibitors users had a higher prevalence of stunting (P=0.03), lower BMI (P=0.03) and lower percentage of body fat (P=0.05) compared with non-users. There was no statistically significant difference between the HAART regimens and measurements of fat adiposity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings of the study suggest that children and adolescents under protease inhibitors are at higher risk of growth and development deviations, but not at risk of body fat redistribution.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Nutrition,School of Public Health,University of São Paulo,Avenida Dr Arnaldo 715,São Paulo,SP,CEP 01246-904,Brazil.
authors.forename: Lígia Cardoso
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Dos Reis
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Nutrition,School of Public Health,University of São Paulo,Avenida Dr Arnaldo 715,São Paulo,SP,CEP 01246-904,Brazil.
authors.forename: Patrícia Helen
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: de Carvalho Rondó
authors.affiliation: 2Institute of Child Health,School of Medicine,University of São Paulo,São Paulo,SP,Brazil.
authors.forename: Heloisa Helena
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: de Sousa Marques
authors.affiliation: 3Department of Statistics,Federal University of Mato Grosso,Cuiabá,MT,Brazil.
authors.forename: Neuber
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: José Segri
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000009:adverse effects; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006130:Growth Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000635:transmission; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006776:Hospitals, Pediatric; D006801:Humans; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D008297:Male; D010044:Outpatient Clinics, Hospital; D050177:Overweight / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012306:Risk; D013851:Thinness / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors
keywords: Highly active antiretroviral therapy