title: Toxicological effects of nickel chloride on IgA+ B Cells and sIgA, IgA, IgG, IgM in the intestinal mucosal immunity in broilers.
abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the toxicological effects of dietary NiCl2 on IgA+ B cells and the immunoglobulins including sIgA, IgA, IgG and IgM in the small intestine and cecal tonsil of broilers by the methods of immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Two hundred and forty one-day-old avian broilers were randomly divided into four groups and fed on a control diet and three experimental diets supplemented with 300, 600, and 900 mg/kg NiCl2 for 42 days. Compared with the control group, the IgA+ B cell number and the sIgA, IgA, IgG, and IgM contents in the NiCl2-treated groups were significantly decreased (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). It was concluded that dietary NiCl2 in the excess of 300 mg/kg had negative effects on the IgA+ B cell number and the above mentioned immunoglobulin contents in the small intestine and the cecal tonsil. NiCl2-reduced sIgA, IgA, IgG and IgM contents is due to decrease in the population and/or the activation of B cell. The results suggest that NiCl2 at high levels has intestinal mucosal humoral immunotoxicity in animals.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China. wubangyuan2008@163.com.
authors.forename: Bangyuan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China. cui580420@sicau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hengmin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China. pengxi197313@163.com.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China. fangjing4109@163.com.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China. zzcjl@126.com.
authors.forename: Zhicai
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China. dengjl213@126.com.
authors.forename: Junliang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China. hjy19860316@163.com.
authors.forename: Jianying
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D002432:Cecum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002645:Chickens; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal / Q000187:drug effects; D007132:Immunoglobulin Isotypes / Q000378:metabolism*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009532:Nickel / Q000633:toxicity*; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D007132:Immunoglobulin Isotypes; C022838:nickel chloride; D009532:Nickel