title: Sealapex Xpress and RealSeal XT feature tissue compatibility in vivo.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the response of apical and periapical tissues of dogs' teeth with pulp vitality after root canal filling with the endodontic sealers Sealapex Xpress and Real Seal XT.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-eight root canals with vital pulp from dogs' premolars were used. After instrumentation, the canals were filled with Sealapex Xpress and gutta-percha (group SX/GP, n = 16) or Real Seal XT and Resilon cones (group RS/R, n = 22). The animals were killed after 90 days, and the teeth with surrounding tissues were subjected to histotechnical processing. Hematoxylin-eosin-stained sections were examined by conventional light microscopy for a quantitative histopathologic analysis (sealing of apical opening by newly formed mineralized tissue [biological sealing], inflammatory cell infiltrate, root and bone tissue resorption), according to a scoring system. The subsequent sections were evaluated by immunohistochemistry for identification of mineralization markers (osteopontin, alkaline phosphatase, and RUNX2). Data were analyzed by nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test (α = 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complete biological sealing was observed in 50% and 22.7% of the specimens of groups SX/GP and RS/R, respectively. Partial biological sealing was observed in 25% and 54.6% and absence of sealing in 25% and 22.7% of the specimens of groups SX/GP and RS/R, respectively. There were no significant differences (P > .05) between the groups for the scores attributed to the histopathologic parameters. Positive staining for osteopontin, alkaline phosphatase, and RUNX2 was observed in both groups, especially in the periodontal ligament.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sealapex Xpress and RealSeal XT feature tissue compatibility in vivo and allow for sealing of apical opening by deposition of mineralized tissue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Clinics, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: lea@forp.usp.br.
authors.forename: Lea Assed Bezerra
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Medicine, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Frederic
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barnett
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pumarola-Suñé
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Piedad S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Cañadas
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Clinics, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nelson-Filho
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Clinics, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Raquel Assed Bezerra
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Silva
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D056624:Apexification / Q000379:methods; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / Q000032:analysis; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods; D004285:Dogs; D006171:Gutta-Percha / Q000494:pharmacology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology; D053495:Osteopontin / Q000032:analysis; D010486:Periapical Tissue / Q000187:drug effects*; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000187:drug effects; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012389:Root Canal Obturation / Q000379:methods; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000379:methods; D012391:Root Resorption / Q000473:pathology; D012459:Salicylates / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003188:Composite Resins; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; C511498:Real Seal composite resin; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D012459:Salicylates; C486892:resilon sealer; D053495:Osteopontin; C055601:Sealapex; D006171:Gutta-Percha; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide
keywords: Periapical response; Realseal XT; Sealapex Xpress; root canal sealer; tissue compatibility