title: Implications of PPPDE1 expression in the distribution of plakoglobin and β-catenin in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
abstract: Human PPPDE peptidase domain-containing protein 1 (PPPDE1) is a recently identified protein; however, its exact functions remain unclear. In our previous study, the PPPDE1 protein was found to be decreased in certain cancer tissues. In the present study, a total of 96 pancreatic ductal carcinoma tissue samples and 31 normal tissues samples were assessed to investigate the distribution of plakoglobin and β-catenin under the conditions of various PPPDE1 expression levels by means of immunohistochemistry. Generally, the staining of PPPDE1 was strong in normal tissues, but weak in cancer tissues. Plakoglobin was mainly distributed along the membrane and cytoplasm border in normal cells, but was less evident in the membranes of cancer cells. In particular, a greater percentage of cells exhibited low membrane plakoglobin expression in cancer tissue with low PPPDE1 expression (PPPDE1-low cancer) compared with that in cancer tissue with high PPPDE1 expression (PPPDE1-high cancer). The distribution of β-catenin in normal tissues was similar to that of plakoglobin. However, β-catenin was peculiarly prone to invade nucleus in PPPDE1-low cancer compared with PPPDE1-high cancer. Our data suggested potential links between PPPDE1 expression and the distribution of plakoglobin and β-catenin in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, providing insights into the role of PPPDE1 in the progression of pancreatic cancer.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yu-Huan
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Cong-Cong
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yu-Qin
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xin-Yi
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jin-Liang
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Lan-Tu
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Gou
keywords: PPPDE1; immunohistochemistry; pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; plakoglobin; β-catenin