title: Acetylated hyaluronic acid: enhanced bioavailability and biological studies.
abstract: Hyaluronic acid (HA), a macropolysaccharidic component of the extracellular matrix, is common to most species and it is found in many sites of the human body, including skin and soft tissue. Not only does HA play a variety of roles in physiologic and in pathologic events, but it also has been extensively employed in cosmetic and skin-care products as drug delivery agent or for several biomedical applications. The most important limitations of HA are due to its short half-life and quick degradation in vivo and its consequently poor bioavailability. In the aim to overcome these difficulties, HA is generally subjected to several chemical changes. In this paper we obtained an acetylated form of HA with increased bioavailability with respect to the HA free form. Furthermore, an improved radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory activity has been evidenced, respectively, on ABTS radical cation and murine monocyte/macrophage cell lines (J774.A1).
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
authors.forename: Carmela
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Saturnino
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Stefania
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Sinicropi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy ; Department of Computer Engineering, Modeling, Electronics and Systems, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy.
authors.forename: Ortensia Ilaria
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2556-9864
authors.initials: OI
authors.lastname: Parisi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy.
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5179-7118
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Iacopetta
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
authors.forename: Ada
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9843-8443
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Popolo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2333-1630
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marzocco
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppina
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8423-9489
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Autore
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy ; Department of Computer Engineering, Modeling, Electronics and Systems, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8756-5087
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caruso
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy.
authors.forename: Anna Rita
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5164-0257
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Cappello
authors.affiliation: Department of Sciences, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
authors.forename: Pasquale
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7685-1093
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Longo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Puoci
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D002460:Cell Line; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid