title: Physiological measurements using ultra-high field fMRI: a review.
abstract: Functional MRI (fMRI) has grown to be the neuroimaging technique of choice for investigating brain function. This topical review provides an outline of fMRI methods and applications, with a particular emphasis on the recent advances provided by ultra-high field (UHF) scanners to allow functional mapping with greater sensitivity and improved spatial specificity. A short outline of the origin of the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) contrast is provided, followed by a review of BOLD fMRI methods based on gradient-echo (GE) and spin-echo (SE) contrast. Phase based fMRI measures, as well as perfusion contrast obtained with the technique of arterial spin labelling (ASL), are also discussed. An overview of 7 T based functional neuroimaging is provided, outlining the potential advances to be made and technical challenges to be addressed.
authors.affiliation: Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
authors.forename: Sue
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Francis
authors.forename: Rosa Sanchez
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Panchuelo
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen