title: Imaging in congenital pulmonary vein anomalies: the role of computed tomography.
abstract: Pulmonary venous anomalies comprise a wide spectrum of anatomical variations and their clinical presentations may vary from the relatively benign single partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) to the critical obstructed total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC). We briefly review the common anomalies encountered, while highlighting the utility that computed tomographic angiography (CTA) provides for this spectrum of extracardiac vascular malformations and connections. CTA has established itself as an invaluable imaging modality in these patients. A detailed knowledge of the CTA imaging findings in pulmonary venous anomalies is crucial to guide clinical decision-making in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, MSC 226, 25 Courtenay Drive , Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin Todd
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Dyer
authors.forename: Anthony Marcus
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Hlavacek
authors.forename: Felix Gabriel
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Meinel
authors.forename: Carlo Nicola
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: De Cecco
authors.forename: Andrew Douglas
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: McQuiston
authors.forename: Uwe Joseph
authors.initials: UJ
authors.lastname: Schoepf
authors.forename: Nicholas Peter
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Pietris
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011667:Pulmonary Veins / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D012587:Scimitar Syndrome / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D054079:Vascular Malformations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*