title: Heavy metal and nutrient changes during vermicomposting animal manure spiked with mushroom residues.
abstract: A pilot-scale trial of four months was conducted to investigate the responses of heavy metal and nutrient to composting animal manure spiked with mushroom residues with and without earthworms. Results showed that earthworm activities accelerated organic matter mineralization (e.g. reduction in C/N ratio, increase in total concentrations of N, P, K) and humification (e.g. increase in humic acid concentration, humification ratio and humification index). Despite composting increased total heavy metal (i.e. As, Pb, Cu, Zn) concentrations irrespective of earthworm, the availability of heavy metals extracted by DTPA significantly (P<0.05) decreased particularly in treatments with earthworms introduced. The shift from available to unavailable fractions of heavy metals was either due to earthworm bioaccumulation, as indicated by total heavy metal concentrations being higher in earthworm tissues, or due to the formation of stable metal-humus complexes as indicated by the promotion of humification. Our results suggest that vermicomposting process could magnify the nutrient quality but relieve the heavy metals risk of agricultural organic wastes.
authors.affiliation: Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiuchao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China; Suzhou Kanglv Agricultural Development Co., Ltd, Suzhou 215155, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: liumq@njau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Manqiang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chenglong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China; Suzhou Kanglv Agricultural Development Co., Ltd, Suzhou 215155, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jiaguo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.affiliation: Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China; Suzhou Kanglv Agricultural Development Co., Ltd, Suzhou 215155, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000363:Agaricales / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D008372:Manure / Q000032:analysis*; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis*; D009835:Oligochaeta / Q000502:physiology*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012037:Refuse Disposal; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D008372:Manure; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D012989:Soil Pollutants
keywords: Bioaccumulation; Earthworm; Humification; Mineralization; Stabilization