title: Temporary replacement of missing maxillary lateral incisors with orthodontic miniscrew implants in growing patients: rationale, clinical technique, and long-term results.
abstract: The missing maxillary lateral incisor in adolescent patients presents an orthodontic challenge. Historically, there have been three treatment options to address this clinical problem: (1) canine substitution, (2) tooth auto-transplantation, and (3) dental restoration. Unfortunately, these methods are not without limitation. A novel treatment concept, originating in 2003 and utilizing orthodontic miniscrew implants, is presented along with the rationale, clinical technique and 8 years of follow-up.
authors.affiliation: American Board of Orthodontics Department of Graduate Orthodontics, St Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA Private Practice of Orthodontics, Dallas, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Jason B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Cope
authors.affiliation: American Board of Prosthodontics American Board of Oral Implantology Private Practice of Prosthodontics, Dallas, TX, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McFadden
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000848:Anodontia / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D001863:Bone Screws; D002648:Child; D003442:Crowns; D019250:Dental Implants, Single-Tooth; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000002:abnormalities*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000628:therapy; D008313:Malocclusion, Angle Class III / Q000628:therapy; D008904:Miniaturization; D052280:Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Temporary anchorage device; lateral incisor; miniscrew; miniscrew implant; restoration