title: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in lung transplantation: 5 case reports.
abstract: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a cliniconeuroradiologic entity characterized by typical neurologic symptoms with characteristic cerebral image alterations. It has been reported in solid organ transplantations, especially related to the use of calcineurin inhibitors. The incidence of PRES in lung transplantation is unknown and probably under-reported in the literature. Here we describe 5 cases of PRES after bilateral lung transplantation. One of the reported cases was the first in the literature in which the neurologic onset precluded the introduction of calcineurin inhibitor. Therefore, although calcineurin inhibitors are known to play an important role in the development of PRES in the setting of lung transplantation, other causes seems to be involved in the physiopathology of this syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: F E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Arimura
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: P C L B
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Camargo
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: R H O B
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Carraro
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Afonso
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.affiliation: Thoracic Surgery Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Samano
authors.affiliation: Thoracic Surgery Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: Thoracic Surgery Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Abdalla
authors.affiliation: Thoracic Surgery Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Pêgo-Fernandes
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D054038:Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D055815:Young Adult