title: Resolving fluorophores by unmixing multispectral fluorescence tomography with independent component analysis.
abstract: It is a challenging problem to resolve and identify drug (or non-specific fluorophore) distribution throughout the whole body of small animals in vivo. In this article, an algorithm of unmixing multispectral fluorescence tomography (MFT) images based on independent component analysis (ICA) is proposed to solve this problem. ICA is used to unmix the data matrix assembled by the reconstruction results from MFT. Then the independent components (ICs) that represent spatial structures and the corresponding spectrum courses (SCs) which are associated with spectral variations can be obtained. By combining the ICs with SCs, the recovered MFT images can be generated and fluorophore concentration can be calculated. Simulation studies, phantom experiments and animal experiments with different concentration contrasts and spectrum combinations are performed to test the performance of the proposed algorithm. Results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can not only provide the spatial information of fluorophores, but also recover the actual reconstruction of MFT images.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China. Department of Computer Application, School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Huangsheng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pu
authors.forename: Guanglei
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Huizhi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guang
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Jianwen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media; D005453:Fluorescence; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes