title: Weight loss in pregnancy and cardiometabolic profile in childhood: findings from a longitudinal birth cohort.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the consequences of weight loss in pregnancy on pregnancy outcomes and cardiometabolic profile in childhood.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective birth cohort (ABCD study).
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 2003 and 2004, all pregnant women in Amsterdam were approached for study participation.
  
  
  METHODS
  7818 pregnant women were included, of which 3165 consented to having their children examined at 5-6 years of age. In 1956 children fasting capillary blood samples were also taken.
  
  
  METHODS
  At antenatal booking, women answered questions about their pregnancy and whether they suffered from severe weight loss (SWL; >5 kg). Pregnancy details and outcomes were available through the obstetric caregiver.
  
  
  METHODS
  At birth main outcome measures were prematurity (<37 weeks) and birthweight. At follow-up, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, glucose and lipids were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SWL occurred in 6.8% of cases. Women with SWL had similar preterm birth rates compared with women without these complaints (adjusted OR 1.1, 95%CI 0.7, 1.7). Birthweight (adjusted difference - 31 g, 95%CI -76, 15) and BMI at 5-6 years of age (adjusted difference 0.2 kg/m(2) , 95%CI 0.0, 0.5) were similar in children born to mothers with SWL and without SWL, but blood pressure was increased. For diastolic blood pressure this association was independent of confounders (adjusted difference 1.4 mmHg, 95%CI 0.4, 2.4). Lipid and glucose levels were not significantly different between these groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early pregnancy weight loss, usually occurring as a manifestation of hyperemesis gravidarum, could have long-term consequences for offspring health.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.|Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: I J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Grooten
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Painter
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical Centre Alkmaar, Alkmaar, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pontesilli
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: J A M
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: van der Post
authors.affiliation: School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, The Robinson Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
authors.forename: B W J
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Mol
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Eijsden
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: T G M
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Vrijkotte
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.|Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Roseboom
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000502:physiology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006939:Hyperemesis Gravidarum / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D039382:Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D039401:Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose
keywords: Cardiometabolic outcomes; hyperemesis gravidarum; offspring; pregnancy; weight loss