title: The insertion/deletion polymorphism in the angiotensin-converting enzyme and susceptibility to schizophrenia or Parkinson's disease: A meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to examine whether the insertion (I) and deletion (D) polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) confers susceptibility to schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease (PD).
  
  
  METHODS
  A meta-analysis was performed of the associations between the ACE I/D polymorphism and schizophrenia and PD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirteen studies with 2024 cases and 2230 controls comprising eight studies on schizophrenia and five on PD were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis revealed no association between the ACE D allele and schizophrenia (OR = 0.990, 95% CI = 0.889-1.102, p = 0.856) or PD (OR = 1.067, 95% CI = 0.907-1.255, p = 0.433). Stratification by ethnicity indicated no association between the ACE D allele and schizophrenia in European, Asian, or Turkish ethnic groups (OR = 0.896, 95% CI = 0.566-1.419, p = 0.640; OR = 1.057, 95% CI = 0.903-1.238, p = 0.492; OR = 1.111, 95% CI = 0.889-1.389, p = 0.354, respectively). Ethnicity-specific meta-analysis was not conducted for PD because only one ethnic PD study was available.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This meta-analysis found no association between the ACE I/D polymorphism and schizophrenia or PD.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea.
authors.forename: Gwan Gyu
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea lyhcgh@korea.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Young Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000235:genetics; D005787:Gene Frequency; D018740:Genetic Heterogeneity; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D054643:INDEL Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D017594:Publication Bias; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C488034:ACE protein, human; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
keywords: Angiotensin-converting enzyme; Parkinson’s disease; meta-analysis; polymorphism; schizophrenia