title: [Prevalence of anal-vaginal colonization of Streptococcus agalactiae in third trimester of pregnancy and susceptibility to macrolides and lincosamides, in pregnant women controlled at Clínica Alemana Temuco, Southern Chile].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) is the most common agent in early neonatal sepsis. Strategies incorporating universal screening for maternal colonization show the lowest rates of perinatal infection. A significant increase in resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin by GBS has been reported around the world. There are no published data regarding prevalence and antimicrobial resistance in southern regions of Chile. Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance is essential to define the drugs of choice and alternatives, in an institution that applies prevention protocols, as Clinica Alemana Temuco (CAT) does.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  to determine the prevalence of carriage of GBS in vaginal-anal areas at end of pregnancy, in CAT, Araucanía Region, Chile. To determine the susceptibility to erythromycin and clindamycin of GBS strains isolated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  1,181 pregnant women were included; 167 were positive for GBS (14.4% of colonization). Sixteen were resistant to erythromycin (9.5%); 15 of these strains were also clindamycin resistant. Twenty-three of 167 were resistant to clindamycin (13.7%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence rate of GBS colonization was lower than previously reported in other regions of Chile. Due to the high rates of resistance to clindamycin and erythromycin it is necessary to widen the study of susceptibility to other antimicrobials to have alternatives in allergy to penicillin (primarily cefazolin and vancomycin).
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abarzúa
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Argomedo
authors.forename: Arturo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meissner
authors.forename: Tatiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Díaz
authors.forename: Paulina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Garrido
authors.forename: Samantha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fariña
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chahin
mesh_terms: D001003:Anal Canal / Q000382:microbiology*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002353:Carrier State / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D002677:Chile; D002981:Clindamycin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004917:Erythromycin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013292:Streptococcus agalactiae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014621:Vagina / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002981:Clindamycin; D004917:Erythromycin