title: Plasma microRNA profiles: identification of miR-25 as a novel diagnostic and monitoring biomarker in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent studies have demonstrated that microRNAs are stably detectable in plasma/serum because of their binding to specific proteins or being packaged in secretory particles. This study was designed to detect novel microRNAs in plasma for cancer detection and monitoring using microRNA array-based approaches in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Through the integration of two Toray 3D-Gene microRNA array-based approaches to compare plasma microRNA levels between ESCC patients and healthy volunteers and between preoperative and postoperative ESCC patients, we identified a novel plasma biomarker in ESCC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) Eight upregulated and common microRNAs (miR-15b, 16, 17, 25, 19b, 20a, 20b, and 106a) were selected using two high-resolution microRNA array approaches. (2) Test-scale analyses by quantitative RT-PCR validated a significant higher levels of plasma miR-19b (P=0.0020) and miR-25 (P=0.0030) in ESCC patients than controls. However, a significant correlation was observed between plasma miR-19b levels and concentrations of red blood cells (P=0.0073) and haemoglobin (P=0.0072). (3) miR-25 expression was found to be significantly higher in ESCC tissues (P=0.0157) and ESCC cell lines (P=0.0093) than in normal tissues and fibroblasts. (4) In a large-scale validation analysis, plasma miR-25 levels were significantly higher in 105 preoperative (P<0.0001) ESCC patients who underwent curative oesophagectomy and 20 superficial ESCC patients who underwent endoscopic resection (P<0.0001) than in 50 healthy volunteers. (5) Plasma miR-25 levels were significantly reduced in postoperative samples than in preoperative samples (P<0.0005) and were significantly increased during ESCC recurrences (P=0.0145).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Plasma miR-25 might be a clinically useful biomarker for cancer detection and the monitoring of tumour dynamics in ESCC patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirajima
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyamae
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Okajima
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohashi
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arita
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Konishi
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shiozaki
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yagi
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Otsuji
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C543351:MIRN25 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs