title: Modulation of cytokine expression in human macrophages by endocrine-disrupting chemical Bisphenol-A.
abstract: Exposure to environmental endocrine-disrupting chemical Bisphenol-A (BPA) is often associated with dysregulated immune homeostasis, but the mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, the effects of BPA on the cytokines responses of human macrophages were investigated. Treatment with BPA increased pro-inflammation cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production, but decreased anti-inflammation cytokines interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) production in THP1 macrophages, as well as in primary human macrophages. BPA effected cytokines expression through estrogen receptor α/β (ERα/β)-dependent mechanism with the evidence of ERα/β antagonist reversed the expression of cytokines. We also identified that activation of extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK)/nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signal cascade marked the effects of BPA on cytokines expression. Our results indicated that BPA effected inflammatory responses of macrophages via modulating of cytokines expression, and provided a new insight into the link between exposure to BPA and human health.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou 510070, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, PR China.
authors.forename: Yanzhen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou 510070, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, PR China.
authors.forename: Chenfang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mei
authors.affiliation: Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Cancer Research Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, PR China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
authors.forename: Hongsheng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou 510070, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, PR China.
authors.forename: Guoqu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou 510070, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, PR China.
authors.forename: Jianhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou 510070, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, PR China. Electronic address: xumy@gdim.cn.
authors.forename: Meiying
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology; D010636:Phenols / Q000633:toxicity*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D016207:Cytokines; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010636:Phenols; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C506487:ESR1 protein, human; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
keywords: Bisphenol-A; Cytokine; Inflammation; Macrophage