title: Thyroid function and metabolic risk factors in obese youth. Changes during follow-up: a preventive mechanism?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  High TSH levels often observed in overweight subjects are associated with metabolic risk. Thyroid hormones which are involved in fat and carbohydrates metabolism are more rarely studied; their blood levels were measured to more precisely explain the relationships between thyroid function and obesity, in healthy overweight youth. This correlation was studied at baseline and during follow-up of some patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data collected were BMI and BMI z score, thyroid hormones (TSH, fT4, fT3), fasting blood glucose, HOMA-IR, lipids (triglycerides, HDL and LDL cholesterol), transaminase activity, fibrinogen, leptin, IGF-I; body composition (biphotonic absorptiometry). Data collected in a sample of the group after 6-18 months of medical intervention could also be studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, 13% of the 528 obese subjects (55% girls; 11.3±2.4 years, range 4.1-17.9; BMI z score: 5.4±2.4) had TSH>4mUI/l; fT3 levels were associated with age and transaminase activity; using multivariate regression analysis, with z-score and age as covariates, fT4 showed correlations with TSH, insulin, HOMA IR, blood lipids, and fibrinogen. No correlations were found with leptin, iodine excretion, IGF-I.In 79 patients followed for 52±15 wk (45% girls; age range 8-18.3 years), univariate regression showed a positive correlation between changes in TSH and HOMA-IR, and between changes in fT4 and HDL. Multivariate regression analysis with z score as covariate showed that baseline TSH was associated with negative changes in HOMA-IR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased TSH may be predictive of a decrease in insulin resistance, it should be measured with thyroid hormones; fT4 was associated with a low metabolic risk. Changes in thyroid function could protect against the occurrence of obesity-associated metabolic diseases.
authors.affiliation: Service de Pédiatrie, CHU de Caen, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bouglé
authors.affiliation: Unité de biostatistique et recherche clinique, CHU de Caen, France.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Morello
authors.affiliation: Service de Pédiatrie, CHU de Caen, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brouard
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000517:prevention & control; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000378:metabolism*; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D013972:Thyrotropin