title: Effects of 20 standard amino acids on the growth, total fatty acids production, and γ-linolenic acid yield in Mucor circinelloides.
abstract: Twenty standard amino acids were examined as single nitrogen source on the growth, total fatty acids production, and yield of γ-linolenic acid (GLA) in Mucor circinelloides. Of the amino acids, tyrosine gave the highest biomass and lipid accumulation and thus resulted in a high GLA yield with respective values of 17.8 g/L, 23 % (w/w, dry cell weight, DCW), and 0.81 g/L, which were 36, 25, and 72 % higher than when the fungus was grown with ammonium tartrate. To find out the potential mechanism underlying the increased lipid accumulation of M. circinelloides when grown on tyrosine, the activity of lipogenic enzymes of the fungus during lipid accumulation phase was measured. The enzyme activities of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, and ATP-citrate lyase were up-regulated, while NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase was down-regulated by tyrosine during the lipid accumulation phase of the fungus which suggested that these enzymes may be involved in the increased lipid biosynthesis by tyrosine in this fungus.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 LiHu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China, tangxin_801@163.com.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Huaiyuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Haiqin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yong Q
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yuanda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D004798:Enzymes / Q000032:analysis; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D009089:Mucor / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D013644:Tartrates / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D004798:Enzymes; D005227:Fatty Acids; D013644:Tartrates; D009584:Nitrogen; C029768:tartaric acid