title: Spheno-orbital encephalocele: A rare entity - A case report and review of literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a rare case of basal encephalocele (spheno-orbital encephalocele), managed successfully in our institute. This is one of the rarest type of encephaloceles with very little literature available. In this case, sphenoid dysplasia was not associated with type 1 Neurofibromatosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Grant Medical College and Sir J.J Group of Hospitals, Byculla, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 22 year old male presented with a history of protrusion of right eye since the age of 7 years followed by progressive diminution of vision in the same eye for 5 months. MRI scan was suggestive of sphenoid dysplasia with herniation of right fronto-temporal lobe. The patient was operated upon with right frontal craniotomy with excision of encephalocele and repair of skull base. Subsequently, the patient underwent plastic surgery for facial skin remodeling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patient's encephalocele reduced completely after excision and repair with good cosmetic results and no neurological deficits. There is no evidence of recurrence till recent follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Basal encephaloceles are very rare. Complete excision of encephalocele with repair of the defect should be the aim to achieve cure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, 4 floor, Main Hospital Building, Grant Medical College and Sir J.J Group of Hospitals, Byculla, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Mayur
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, 4 floor, Main Hospital Building, Grant Medical College and Sir J.J Group of Hospitals, Byculla, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Rahul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mally
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, 4 floor, Main Hospital Building, Grant Medical College and Sir J.J Group of Hospitals, Byculla, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Vernon
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Velho
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, 4 floor, Main Hospital Building, Grant Medical College and Sir J.J Group of Hospitals, Byculla, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Vivek
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Agarwal
keywords: Basal encephalocele; Spheno-Orbital encephalocele; sphenoid dysplasia