title: A Novel SHOC2 Variant in Rasopathy.
abstract: Rasopathies are a group of genetic disorders caused by germline mutations in multiple genes of the Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) pathway. The only previously identified missense mutation in SHOC2, a scaffold protein of the ERK1/2 pathway, led to Noonan-like syndrome with loose anagen hair. Here, we report a novel mutation in SHOC2(c.519G>A; p.M173I) that leads to a Rasopathy with clinical features partially overlapping those occurring in Noonan and cardiofaciocutaneous syndromes. Studies to clarify the significance of this SHOC2 variant revealed that the mutant protein has impaired capacity to interact with protein phosphatase 1c (PP1c), leading to insufficient activation of RAF-1 kinase. This SHOC2 variant thus is unable to fully rescue ERK1/2 activity in cells depleted of endogenous SHOC2. We conclude that SHOC2 mutations can cause a spectrum of Rasopathy phenotypes in heterozygous individuals. Importantly, our work suggests that individuals with mild Rasopathy symptoms may be underdiagnosed.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.
authors.forename: Vickie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hannig
authors.forename: Myoungkun
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jeoung
authors.forename: Eun Ryoung
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: Emilia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Galperin
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019066:Facies; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D009154:Mutation; D010641:Phenotype; D011485:Protein Binding
chemical_list: D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C112913:SHOC2 protein, human
keywords: ERK1/2 pathway; Rasopathies; SHOC2; signaling