title: Anti-metastasis activity of black rice anthocyanins against breast cancer: analyses using an ErbB2 positive breast cancer cell line and tumoral xenograft model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Increasing evidence from animal, epidemiological and clinical investigations suggest that dietary anthocyanins have potential to prevent chronic diseases, including cancers. It is also noteworthy that human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ErbB2) protein overexpression or ErbB2 gene amplification has been included as an indicator for metastasis and higher risk of recurrence for breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present experiments investigated the anti-metastasis effects of black rice anthocyanins (BRACs) on ErbB2 positive breast cancer cells in vivo and in vitro.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Oral administration of BRACs (150 mg/kg/day) reduced transplanted tumor growth, inhibited pulmonary metastasis, and decreased lung tumor nodules in BALB/c nude mice bearing ErbB2 positive breast cancer cell MDA-MB-453 xenografts. The capacity for migration, adhesion, motility and invasion was also inhibited by BRACs in MDA-MB-453 cells in a concentration dependent manner, accompanied by decreased activity of a transfer promoting factor, urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Together, our results indicated that BRACs possess anti-metastasis potential against ErbB2 positive human breast cancer cells in vivo and in vitro through inhibition of metastasis promoting molecules.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China E-mail : cyggwsyxp@sina.com.
authors.forename: Li-Ping
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Xiao-Ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Xiang-Yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yan-Feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Xiao-Li
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Sui-Yan
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry*; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / Q000378:metabolism; D014945:Wound Healing; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator; C508053:ERBB2 protein, human