title: Rice bran extract compensates mitochondrial dysfunction in a cellular model of early Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: Mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in brain aging and has emerged to be an early event in Alzheimer's disease (AD), contributing to neurodegeneration and the loss of physical abilities seen in patients suffering from this disease. We examined mitochondrial dysfunction in a cell culture model of AD (PC12APPsw cells) releasing very low amyloid-β (Aβ40) levels and thus mimicking early AD stages. Our data show that these cells have impaired energy metabolism, low ATP levels, and decreased endogenous mitochondrial respiration. Furthermore, protein levels of PGC1α as well as of Mitofusin 1 were decreased. PC12APPsw cells also showed increased mitochondrial content, probably due to an attempt to compensate the impaired mitochondrial function. Recent data showed that stabilized rice bran extract (RBE) protects from mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo Pharmacol Res. (2013) 76C, 17-27. To assess the effect of RBE on mitochondrial function, we treated PC12APPsw cells for 24 h with RBE. Key components of RBE are oryzanols, tocopherols, and tocotrienols, all substances that have been found to exert beneficial effects on mitochondrial function. RBE incubation elevated ATP production and respiratory rates as well as PGC1α protein levels in PC12APPsw cells, thus improving the impaired mitochondrial function assessed in our cell culture AD model. Therefore, RBE represents to be a promising nutraceutical for the prevention of AD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Campus Riedberg, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hagl
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Campus Riedberg, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Rekha
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grewal
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Campus Riedberg, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Ion
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ciobanu
authors.affiliation: IT&M, Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: Amr
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Helal
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohamed T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Khayyal
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Campus Riedberg, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Walter E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Campus Riedberg, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Gunter P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Eckert
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002950:Citrate (si)-Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D012275:Oryza; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D016716:PC12 Cells; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D002950:Citrate (si)-Synthase
keywords: Alzheimer's disease; PC12 cells; bioenergetics; mitochondria; mitochondrial dynamics; nitrosative stress; nutrition; respiration; rice bran extract