title: The growth of human scalp hair in females using visible red light laser and LED sources.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Low level laser (light) therapy (LLLT) has been demonstrated to promote hair growth in males. A double-blind randomized controlled trial was undertaken to define the safety and physiologic effects of LLLT on females with androgenic alopecia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-seven females (18-60 years old, Fitzpatrick I-IV, and Ludwig-Savin Baldness Scale I-2, I-3, I-4, II-1, II-2 baldness patterns) were recruited. A transition zone scalp site was selected; hairs were trimmed to 3 mm height; the area was tattooed and photographed. The active group received a "TOPHAT655" unit containing 21, 5 mW diode lasers (655 ± 5 nm) and 30 LEDS (655 ± 20 nm), in a bicycle-helmet like apparatus. The placebo group unit appeared identical, containing incandescent red lights. Patients treated at home every other day × 16 weeks (60 treatments, 67 J/cm(2) irradiance/25 minute treatment, 2.9 J dose), with follow up and photography at 16 weeks. A masked 2.85 cm(2) photographic area was evaluated by another blinded investigator. The primary endpoint was the percent increase in hair counts from baseline.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-two patients completed the study (24 active, 18 sham). No adverse events or side effects were reported. Baseline hair counts were 228.2 ± 133.4 (N = 18) in the sham and 209.6 ± 118.5 (N = 24) in the active group (P = 0.642). Post Treatment hair counts were 252.1 ± 143.3 (N = 18) in the sham group and 309.9 ± 166.6 (N = 24) in the active group (P = 0.235). The change in hair counts over baseline was 23.9 ± 30.1 (N = 18) in the sham group and 100.3 ± 53.4 (N = 24) in the active group (P < 0.0001). The percent hair increase over the duration of the study was 11.05 ± 48.30 (N = 18) for the sham group and 48.07 ± 17.61 (N = 24) for the active group (P < 0.001). This demonstrates a 37% increase in hair growth in the active treatment group as compared to the placebo group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LLLT of the scalp at 655 nm significantly improved hair counts in women with androgenetic alopecia at a rate similar to that observed in males using the same parameters.
authors.affiliation: Raymond J. Lanzafame, MD PLLC, 757 Titus Avenue, 14617, Rochester, New York.
authors.forename: Raymond J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Lanzafame
authors.forename: Raymond R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Blanche
authors.forename: Richard P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Chiacchierini
authors.forename: Eric R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Kazmirek
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Sklar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000505:Alopecia / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006197:Hair / Q000254:growth & development*; D006801:Humans; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010789:Phototherapy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D012535:Scalp / Q000528:radiation effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: LED; RCT; alopecia; clinical research; hair; human; laser; low level laser therapy (LLLT); photobiomodulation