title: Association between Nutrition Label Reading and Nutrient Intake in Korean Adults: Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey, 2007-2009 (KNHANES IV).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nutrition labels provide various information on the nutrient contents of food. However, despite the recent increase in the interest in dietary intake and expansion of related policies, studies on the association between nutrition label reading and dietary intake are lacking in Korea.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study analyzed the 2007-2009 KNHANES (Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) data. To examine macronutrients and micronutrients intake according to nutrition label reading, analysis of covariance was used. Multiple logistic regression analysis was also used to examine the association between adherence to dietary reference intake and nutrition label reading.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nutrition label reading was significantly high among women, youth, and those with high education and high household income. Nutrition label reading was associated with higher intake of calcium and vitamin C in men and the lower intake of calorie, carbohydrates and higher energy ratio of protein in women. Additionally, male nutrition label readers were associated with adherence to dietary reference intake of fiber (odds ratio [OR], 2.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23 to 3.26) and calcium (OR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.54). In women, there were no significant differences in the adherence to the dietary reference intake in fat, fiber, sodium, potassium, and calcium according to the nutrition label reading.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In men, nutrition label reading was associated with healthier intake of several micronutrients, although this was not observed in women. Consideration for clearly reporting vulnerable micronutrients in nutrition labels is necessary.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Min-Gyou
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Na-Rae
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Ju
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Yean
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Um
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Su-Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyuktae
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Cheol-Min
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ; Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Health Service Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hee-Kyung
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Joh
authors.affiliation: Gunsan Health Center, Gunsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Hong
keywords: Food Habits; Food Labeling; Recommended Dietary Allowances