title: Comparative Study of Lithotripsy and PCNL for 11-15 mm Lower Caliceal Calculi In Community Health Hospital.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is not a popular procedure in smaller sized calculi due to its invasive nature, complications and need for anesthesia. Small sized lower caliceal calculi are generally treated by ESWL but have significantly less clearance rate in spite of several sittings. Here we want to study the efficacy and safe of both procedures in 11 to 15 mm lower caliceal calculi.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present comparative study of lithotripsy and PCNL in 11-15 mm lower caliceal calculi in our hospital. Total 156 patients were studied 78 underwent lithotripsy and 78 underwent PCNL. We compared results in the form of clearance rate, the number of settings needed, hospital stay, need for anesthesia, blood transfusion rate, chest complication, the incidence of sepsis, the need for another procedure, need for stenting in either group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found a 67.95% clearance rate in SWL group and 97.43% clearance rate in PCNL group. Hospital stay was minimum in SWL group and was 46 hours in PCNL group. The procedure time was 42 minutes in PCNL and it was 114 mins in SWL (considering all settings). The rest of the complications like chest complication, sepsis and bleeding were negligible due to the small size of calculi.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a small sized LPC calculi, PCNL is gaining increased popularity due to lower complication and high safety and complete clearance rate. It is wide accepted by society as the patient is totally stone free at the end of the procedure. SWL is less invasive but less effective and has given significant discomfort to patients.
authors.affiliation: Consultant, Department of Urology, Wankhade Kidney Hospital , Opposite Tarakpur S.T. Stand, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India .
authors.forename: Narendra Haribhau
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Wankhade
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Surgery, Padam Shri Dr.V.V.P. Medical College , Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India .
authors.forename: Jayant
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gadekar
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Pathology, P.Dr.V.V.P. Medical College , Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Babaji B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Shinde
authors.affiliation: Consultant, Department of Anesthesia, Wankhade Kidney Hospital , Opposite Tarakpur S.T. Stand, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India .
authors.forename: Julie Anand
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Tatte
keywords: LPC calculi; PCNL; SWL