title: Detection and molecular characterization of infectious bronchitis-like viruses in wild bird populations.
abstract: We examined 884 wild birds mainly from the Anseriformes, Charadriiformes and Galliformes orders for infectious bronchitis (IBV)-like coronavirus in Poland between 2008 and 2011. Coronavirus was detected in 31 (3.5%) of the tested birds, with detection rates of 3.5% in Anseriformes and 2.3% in Charadriiformes and as high as 17.6% in Galliformes. From the 31 positive samples, only 10 gave positive results in molecular tests aimed at various IBV genome fragments: five samples were positive for the RdRp gene, four for gene 3, eight for gene N and eight for the 3'-untranslated region fragment. All analysed genome fragments of the coronavirus strains shared different evolutionary branches, resulting in a different phylogenetic tree topology. Most detected fragment genes seem to be IBV-like genes of the most frequently detected lineages of IBV in this geographical region (i.e. Massachusetts, 793B and QX). Two waves of coronavirus infections were identified: one in spring (April and May) and another in late autumn (October to December). To our knowledge this is the first report of the detection of different fragment IBV-like genes in wild bird populations.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Poultry Diseases , National Veterinary Research Institute , Pulawy , Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Domanska-Blicharz
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jacukowicz
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lisowska
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wyrostek
authors.forename: Zenon
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Minta
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D001717:Birds; D018352:Coronavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D001351:Infectious bronchitis virus / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013995:Time
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral