title: Cardiac effect of ischemic preconditioning and heparin following intestinal ischemia and reperfusion in rats.
abstract: To study the role of heparin and ischemic preconditioning (IPC) in cardiac injury after intestinal ischemia (I) and reperfusion (R), 54 rats underwent 60 minutes of I, which was produced by occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery, and/or 120 minutes of R. The IPC group had the I procedure stimulation for 5 minutes and R for 10 minutes. The control group was subjected to sham surgery only, and the other groups were injected with saline solution (SS; 0.1 mL) or heparin (100 IU/kg) via the inferior cava vein 5 minutes before I and 5 minutes before R and 55 minutes after the R begins in I-R groups. In all animals, cardiac samples were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for optical microscopy analysis, and other sample was processed for lipid peroxidation determination. In I-R groups, both heparin and IPC showed significant protection compared to the SS group; conversely, in animals subjected only to I, no protection was observed. Moreover, when heparin was associated with IPC, I-R protection was compromised and the ischemic injury increased. Data showed that IPC and heparin attenuated cardiac dysfunction caused by intestinal I and I-R, but when used in association did not show beneficial effects.
authors.affiliation: Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Saurim
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Emergencies (LIM 51), Brazil.
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Koike
authors.affiliation: Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: W G S
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Bonservizi
authors.affiliation: Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: G A A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Felix
authors.affiliation: Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Operative Technique and Experimental Surgery Division, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Taha
authors.affiliation: Operative Technique and Experimental Surgery Division, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Surgical Physiopathology (LIM 62), Department of Surgery, University of São Paulo, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: edna.montero@gmail.com.
authors.forename: E F S
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Montero
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006493:Heparin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007422:Intestines / Q000098:blood supply*; D019194:Ischemic Preconditioning / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D006493:Heparin