title: Anesthetic considerations and management of a patient with unsuspected carcinoid crisis during hepatic tumor resection.
abstract: Anesthetic management for massive blood loss in liver surgery concomitant with hemodynamic instability secondary to carcinoid crisis can be challenging in the perioperative setting. Hypotension, diarrhea, facial flushing, bronchospasm, and tricuspid and pulmonic valvular diseases are the common manifestations of carcinoid syndrome. This report illustrates the importance of early recognition and treatment for signs and symptoms of carcinoid syndrome not only in the preoperative setting but also in the intraoperative phase to prevent undue cardiovascular collapse.
authors.forename: Clark K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D018663:Adrenergic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004809:Ephedrine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007022:Hypotension / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008099:Liver / Q000601:surgery; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008303:Malignant Carcinoid Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000379:methods; D015282:Octreotide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014667:Vasopressins / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D018663:Adrenergic Agents; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D014667:Vasopressins; D010656:Phenylephrine; D004809:Ephedrine; D015282:Octreotide