title: Nutraceutical preconditioning with arginine and oil mixes. Effects on inflammatory mediators, oxidative stress and lipid profile in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether there is any effect resulting from preconditioning with nutraceutical supplementation containing arginine and oil mixes with high ω9:ω6 ratio and low ω6:ω3 ratio containing EPA and DHA, ALA fatty acids on inflammatory mediators, antioxidant and lipid profile modulation in surgical trauma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six men scheduled for radical prostatectomy were randomized into three groups and treated as follows: Group 1 (skim milk, 0% fat), Group 2 (supplement with ω6:ω3 ratio of 8:1 and arginine) and Group 3 (supplement with high ω9:ω6 ratio of 3.2:1 and low ω6:ω3 ratio of 1.4:1 and arginine). Patients received skin milk or supplements twice a day (200 ml) during five days prior to surgery. Peripheral venous blood samples were collected at three different timepoints: five days before surgery (PRE), before anesthesia induction (IND) and on the 2nd postoperative day (POS). Parameters analyzed included inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α), antioxidants (catalase), lipid profile and heat shock protein (HSP-27).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences between groups on inflammatory mediators and antioxidant parameters. However, lipid profile values (Cholesterol, LDL, Triglycerides, VLDL), were significantly different.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preconditioning with arginine and oil mixes containing high ω9:ω6 ratio and low ω6:ω3 ratio, has no effects on inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy. Reduction of cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and VLDL profiles may be related to the trauma effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lílian de Lima
authors.initials: Lde L
authors.lastname: Tavares
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Karla Pinheiro
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Cavalcante
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, UFC, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Márcio Wilker Soares
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Campelo
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics and Cellular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leonam Gomes
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Coutinho
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics and Cellular Biology, UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvia Regina Batistuzzo de
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Medeiros
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, UFC, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sérgio Botelho
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Guimarães
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, UFC, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo Roberto Leitão de
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Vasconcelos
mesh_terms: D001120:Arginine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002374:Catalase / Q000097:blood* / Q000187:drug effects; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055551:HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D011468:Prostatectomy; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D005227:Fatty Acids; D055551:HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D001120:Arginine; D002784:Cholesterol; D002374:Catalase