title: CPAP pressure for prediction of oral appliance treatment response in obstructive sleep apnea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Mandibular advancement splints (MAS) are often preferred to CPAP treatment for OSA but are not always equally efficacious. High therapeutic CPAP pressure has been associated with MAS treatment failure in a Japanese population. We sought to assess the relationship between CPAP pressure and MAS treatment response in an Australian population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Therapeutic CPAP pressure and MAS treatment response were obtained from a one-month crossover trial of both treatments. Predictive utility of CPAP pressure to identify MAS treatment response was assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-eight OSA patients were included (age 49.3 ± 11.1 years, BMI 29.1 ± 5.8 kg/m(2)) with predominantly moderate-severe OSA (AHI 30.0 ± 12.7/h). CPAP pressure was lower in MAS responders (MAS AHI < 10/h) 9.7 ± 1.6 vs. 11.7 ± 2.4 cm H O, p < 0.01, with area under ROC curve of 0.74 (95% CI 0.63-0.86), p < 0.01. The best cutoff value of 10.5 cm H O useful for discriminating MAS responders and non-responders in the previous Japanese population, was inadequate for prediction in the current population (0.47 negative predictive value [NPV]). However a cutoff of 13 cm H O identified MAS non-responders (1.0 NPV). Multivariate regression identified CPAP pressure (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] 0.53 [0.33-0.87], age (0.93 [0.87-0.99]) and AHI (0.92 [0.86-0.97]) as predictors of MAS treatment response (model r(2) = 0.54, p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In Australian patients, the majority of whom are Caucasian, a higher therapeutic CPAP pressure requirement in conjunction with age and OSA severity characteristics may be useful to indicate likelihood of success with MAS as an alternative therapy.
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sutherland
authors.forename: Craig L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: Vasanth K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Srinivasan
authors.forename: Oyku
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dalci
authors.forename: Brendon J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Yee
authors.forename: M Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Darendeliler
authors.forename: Ronald R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Grunstein
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Cistulli
mesh_terms: D001315:Australia; D045422:Continuous Positive Airway Pressure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019186:Mandibular Advancement / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017286:Polysomnography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011312:Pressure; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: continuous positive airway pressure; obstructive sleep apnea; oral appliance; treatment response