title: Water pipe steam stones: familiarity and use among US young adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Water pipe tobacco smoking (WTS) is associated with substantial toxicant exposure. Water pipe steam stones (WSS) are marketed as a healthier alternative. The purpose of this study was to determine, in a nationally representative sample, young adults' familiarity with, perceptions regarding, and use of WSS.
  
  
  METHODS
  A survey about WTS was completed by 3,253 members of an online nonvolunteer access panel. Four items specifically addressed WSS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 228 individuals who had heard of WSS, 17% (n = 41) reported using them. Use was associated with ever (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 7.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.7-21.8) and current (AOR = 16.1, 95% CI = 5.1-51.5) WTS. Compared with those who thought that WSS had about the same harm as WTS, those who thought that WSS was "a lot less harmful" to a person's health had substantially higher odds of having tried WSS (AOR = 6.8, 95% CI = 2.0-23.1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Approximately 1 in 6 young adults who have heard of WSS used them. WSS use is associated with the perception of reduced harm.
authors.affiliation: Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Montefiore Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA; Center for Research on Media, Technology, and Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; sidanije@upmc.edu.
authors.forename: Jaime E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Sidani
authors.affiliation: Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Montefiore Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA; Center for Research on Media, Technology, and Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA;
authors.forename: Ariel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shensa
authors.affiliation: Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Montefiore Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA; Center for Research on Media, Technology, and Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.
authors.forename: Brian A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Primack
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D013227:Steam; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D013227:Steam