title: Effect of socioeconomic level on knowledge of stroke in the general population: A social inequality gradient.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Socioeconomic status is a factor that influences health-related behaviour in individuals as well as health conditions in entire populations. The objective of the present study was to analyse the sociodemographic factors that may influence knowledge of stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study. A representative sample was selected by double randomisation. Face-to-face interviews were carried out by previously trained medical students using a structured questionnaire with open- and closed-ended questions. Adequate knowledge was previously defined. The Mantel-Haenszel test and adjusted logistic regression analysis were used to assess the association between knowledge of stroke and the study variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  2411 subjects were interviewed (59.9% women; mean age 49.0 [SD 17.3] years) Seventy-three per cent were residents of urban areas, 24.7% had a university education, and 15.2% had a low level of schooling. Only 2.1% reported earning more than 40 000 euros/year, with 29.9% earning less than 10 000. Nearly 74% reported having an excellent or good state of health. The unemployment rate was 17.0%. Prevalence of "adequate knowledge" was 39.7% (95% CI: 37.7%-41.6%). Trend analysis showed an association between knowledge of stroke and income (z=10.14, P<0.0001); educational level (z=15.95, P<0.0001); state of health (z=7.92, P<0.0001); and employment status (z=8.98, P<0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Educational level, income, employment status, and state of health are independent factors for adequate knowledge of stroke. Public awareness campaigns should present material using simple language and efforts should be directed toward the most disadvantaged social strata in particular.
authors.affiliation: Sección de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Infanta Cristina, Badajoz, España; Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, España. Electronic address: jramirezm@meditex.es.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ramírez-Moreno
authors.affiliation: Adult Congenital Heart Centre and Centre for Pulmonary Hypertension, Royal Brompton Hospital, Londres, Reino Unido.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alonso-González
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Historia de la Medicina y Bioética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, España.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Peral Pacheco
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Infanta Cristina, Badajoz, España.
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Millán-Nuñez
authors.affiliation: Sección de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Infanta Cristina, Badajoz, España.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roa-Montero
authors.affiliation: Sección de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Infanta Cristina, Badajoz, España.
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Constantino-Silva
authors.affiliation: Sección de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Infanta Cristina, Badajoz, España; Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, España.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Aguirre-Sánchez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013030:Spain; D020521:Stroke; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Conocimiento; Educación; Education; Factores sociales; Health promotion; Ictus; Knowledge; Methods; Metodología; Promoción de la salud; Social factors; Stroke