title: Hyperglycemia and blood pressure treatment goal: a cross sectional survey of 18350 patients with type 2 diabetes in 77 tertiary hospitals in China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association of hyperglycemia with blood pressure control goal in the patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) cared by tertiary hospitals in China.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross sectional survey of 29442 patients was conducted in 77 tertiary hospitals in 4 major cities in China in 2011 and 18350 of them without known hypertension were used in the analysis. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis stratified on cities and hospitals was performed to obtain odds ratio of factors of interest for achievement of the blood pressure treatment goal, i.e., 140/80 mmHg as recommended by American Diabetes Association (ADA). Sensitivity analysis was performed after re-inclusion of 11902 patients with diagnosed hypertension. Findings from were further replicated in patients with T2D recruited using the same protocol from tertiary hospitals located in other central cities in China.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age was 58.2 (SD: 11.3) years and 53.3% were male, with a median of 4 years of disease duration. A total of 12129 patients (58.2%) did not achieve the ADA recommended goal for BP control. After adjusting for covariables, hyperglycemia was associated with failure to achieve the BP goal (OR of HbA1c at 6.5%-6.9% vs. <6.0%: 1.22, 95%CI: 1.08 to 1.39; OR of 7.0%-7.0% vs. <6.0%: 1.37, 1.21 to 1.54 and OR of ≥ 8.0% vs. <6.0%: 1.22, 95%CI: 1.08 to 1.38). The sensitivity analysis and the replication analysis showed similar results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hyperglycemia defined as HbA1c ≥ 6.5% increased the risk of failure to achieve the BP goal in T2D patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Linong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Xinyue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhi
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, The General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Juming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Sino-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Wenying
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Weiping
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Changhai Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Dajin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Zhiguang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital Affiliated to 4th Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Qiuhe
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, Jiansu, China.
authors.forename: Dalong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang, China.
authors.forename: Lixin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jianping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weng
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012306:Risk; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers