title: MicroRNAs differentially regulated in cardiac and skeletal muscle in health and disease: potential drug targets?
abstract: The identification of non-coding RNA species, previously thought of as 'junk' DNA, adds a new dimension of complexity to the regulation of DNA, RNA and protein. MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNA species that control gene expression, are dysregulated in settings of cardiac and skeletal muscle disease and have emerged as promising therapeutic targets. MicroRNAs specifically enriched in cardiac and skeletal muscle are called myomiRs and play an important role in cardiac pathology and skeletal muscle biology. Moreover, microRNA profiles are altered in response to exercise and disease; thus, their potential as therapeutic drug targets is being widely explored. In the cardiovascular field, therapeutic inhibition of microRNAs has been shown to be effective in improving cardiac outcome in preclinical cardiac disease models. MicroRNAs that promote skeletal muscle regeneration are attractive therapeutic targets in muscle wasting conditions where regenerative capacity is compromised.
authors.affiliation: Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.
authors.forename: Catherine E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Winbanks
authors.forename: Jenny Yy
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Ooi
authors.forename: Sally S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Julie R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: McMullen
authors.forename: Bianca C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Bernardo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D006262:Health; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D009135:Muscular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: cardiac muscle; exercise; microRNAs; muscle-enriched miRNAs (myomiRs); skeletal muscle