title: Spectral domain optical coherence tomography findings in long-term silicone oil-related visual loss.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate spectral domain optical coherence tomography findings in long-term silicone oil-related visual loss.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four symptomatic patients were reviewed 4 years to 9 years after vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade for macula-on retinal detachment. Three lost vision with oil in situ, with one at the time of oil removal. Eleven control eyes with good vision were included. Patients underwent assessment of best-corrected visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue testing, static perimetry, and spectral domain optical coherence tomography imaging of the macula and disk.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Long-term best-corrected visual acuity was significantly reduced in affected eyes (range, 0.44-1.02), as was contrast sensitivity (0.75-1.35) and color discrimination (Farnsworth-Munsell-100 Hue score, 151-390). Static perimetry showed a central scotoma in all affected eyes. Optical coherence tomography revealed microcystic macular changes in the inner nuclear layer of all affected eyes associated with severe loss of the papillofoveal retinal nerve fiber layer. In one patient, serial optical coherence tomography images showed development of microcystic macular changes 18 months after oil removal. Control eyes lacked these features, except two asymptomatic eyes that showed microcystic changes on optical coherence tomography with a corresponding paracentral scotoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have demonstrated microcystic macular changes in the inner nuclear layer of affected eyes, as well as focal severe loss of the papillofoveal projection. These changes share significant morphologic features reported in multiple sclerosis-associated optic neuritis and Leber hereditary optic neuropathy.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Ophthalmology, St Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom; and †Vitreoretinal Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Zaid
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shalchi
authors.forename: Omar A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Mahroo
authors.forename: Manoharan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shunmugam
authors.forename: Moin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mohamed
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: Tom H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Williamson
mesh_terms: D001766:Blindness / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015350:Contrast Sensitivity / Q000502:physiology; D004596:Electroretinography; D058450:Endotamponade / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012160:Retina / Q000473:pathology; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D012167:Retinal Perforations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D012607:Scotoma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D012827:Silicone Oils / Q000009:adverse effects*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D015354:Vision, Low / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D058609:Visual Field Tests; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology; D014821:Vitrectomy
chemical_list: D012827:Silicone Oils