title: Development and characterisation of a new Sr selective resin for the rapid determination of ⁹⁰Sr in environmental water samples.
abstract: A new resin selective for Sr has been developed and characterised for the direct binding of (90)Sr from environmental waters with minimal pre-treatment. The new selective resin comprises of a mixture of two extractants, 4,4'(5')-bis-t-butylcyclohexano-18-crown-6 and di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phosphoric acid, sorbed onto Amberchrom CG-71. Sr uptake is shown to be high (the distribution weight coefficient Dw >100 mL g(-1)) across a range of environmentally realistic conditions (pH 2-8 and up to 11,500 mg L(-1) NaCl, 500 mg L(-1) Ca, 400 mg L(-1) K and 1300 mg L(-1) Mg). The Sr capacity of the resin is shown to be 7.7±0.4 mg g(-1), meaning that the resin has a sufficient capacity to quantitatively remove Sr from most environmental water samples. The reasonably fast uptake kinetics of the resin (95±4% of strontium bound within 30 min) results in a resin that is applicable to both batch- and column-type separation procedures. A range of potentially co-extracted radio-elements have been identified and an elution scheme has been developed to separate interferences, including (90)Y, from (90)Sr. The clean elution of (90)Sr permits immediate measurement by radiometric means, with no need for complicated spectral processing or waiting for secular equilibrium between (90)Sr and (90)Y. The characterised resin is applicable for use in rapid determination procedures, enabling the swift analysis of water samples required by monitoring schemes at contaminated nuclear sites and in the aftermath of nuclear accidents.
authors.affiliation: Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Surman
authors.affiliation: Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK. Electronic address: j.pates@lancaster.ac.uk.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Pates
authors.affiliation: Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Triskem International, Parc de Lormandière Bât. C, Rue Maryse Bastié, Campus de Ker Lann, 35170 BRUZ, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Happel
mesh_terms: D002412:Cations; D002845:Chromatography / Q000379:methods*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D018788:Radioactive Hazard Release; D011850:Radioactive Waste; D012990:Soil Pollutants, Radioactive / Q000032:analysis*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013324:Strontium / Q000737:chemistry; D013326:Strontium Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods; D015021:Yttrium Radioisotopes / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002412:Cations; D011108:Polymers; D011850:Radioactive Waste; D012990:Soil Pollutants, Radioactive; D012997:Solvents; D013326:Strontium Radioisotopes; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D015021:Yttrium Radioisotopes; D013324:Strontium
keywords: Extraction chromatography; Rapid determination; Sr Resin; Strontium-90; TK100 Resin