title: APOE ε4 allele is associated with worse performance in memory dimensions of the mini-mental state examination: the Bambuí Cohort Study of Aging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to investigate the correlation between apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 and the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) dimension in an elderly population, using baseline data from the Bambui (Brazil) Cohort Study of Aging.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study took place at Bambui city, Minas Gerais State, Southeast Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1408 (87.7%) cohort participants had complete information on the MMSE and health measures.
  
  
  METHODS
  The association between each of five dimensions (concentration, language/praxis, orientation, attention, and memory) underlying the MMSE and APOE ε4 allele was assessed using multivariate linear regression models. Potential confounding variables included sociodemographic factors and selected biomarkers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The main finding is a strong negative association between the presence of APOE ε4 allele and memory dimension in the MMSE (fully adjusted β coefficient = -0.14; 95% confidence interval: -0.27 to -0.04; p = 0.016). No other cognitive dimensions showed significant associations with the APOE ε4 allele.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study is the first to investigate the association between dimensions of the MMSE, obtained from principal component analysis and APOE ε4 carrier status in community-dwelling older adults taking into account a range of potential confounding factors. We found a strong negative association between the presence of APOE ε4 allele and scores on memory dimension of the MMSE, but no effect on other dimensions. Our results reinforce previous data on the literature that APOE ε4 allele has a significant effect on cognitive performance that can be detected even in screening tests, such as the MMSE.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Faculdade de Saúde e Ecologia Humana, Vespasiano, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Quintino-Santos
authors.forename: Breno Satler
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Diniz
authors.forename: Josélia O A
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Firmo
authors.forename: Emilio Hideyuki
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Moriguchi
authors.forename: Maria Fernanda
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Lima-Costa
authors.forename: Erico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Castro-Costa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D000483:Alleles; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4 / Q000235:genetics*; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology; D001938:Brazil; D010054:Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000235:genetics; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012044:Regression Analysis
chemical_list: D053327:Apolipoprotein E4
keywords: APOE; MMSE; aging; cognitive impairment; population-based