title: The relationship of training load to physical-capacity changes during international tours in high-performance junior tennis players.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Given the travel that punctuates junior tennis development, an understanding of the changes in fitness owing to touring and the association between training loads (TLs) and fitness on return is vital. The authors investigated physical-capacity changes from pretour to posttour, determining if those changes were related to the TL of athletes on tour.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty junior athletes completed fitness testing before and after 4-wk tours. Testing included double-leg countermovement jump (CMJ), dominant single-leg and nondominant single-leg CMJ, speed (5, 10, 20 m), modified 5-0-5 agility (left and right), 10 × 20-m repeated-sprint ability (RSA), and multistage fitness tests. Repeated-measures ANOVAs determined physical-capacity change, with effect-size analysis establishing the magnitude of change. To avoid regression toward the mean, a 1/3-split technique was implemented for comparative analysis (high to low TLs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Moderate effects (d=0.50-0.70) for reductions of up to 3.6% in 5-, 10-, and 20-m speeds were observed. However, all remaining changes were only of trivial to small magnitude (d<0.40). Closer analysis of the interaction between TL and physical capacities (1/3-split) revealed that subjects who completed the greatest amount of total and tennis TL returned with a greater decline in speed and aerobic capacities (d>0.80). Furthermore, it was observed that match load dictates on- and off-court TL, with an increase in matches won understandably stunting exposure to off-court TL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Specific training should be prescribed on tour to maintain speed characteristics over a 4-wk international tour. On-tour training schedules should be carefully monitored to maximize specific TL exposure after losses on tour.
authors.affiliation: School of Human Movement Studies, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Alistair P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Rob
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Duffield
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kellett
authors.forename: Machar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reid
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000502:physiology; D003163:Competitive Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010806:Physical Education and Training; D010809:Physical Fitness; D013715:Tennis / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014195:Travel