title: Repair of extensive aortic aneurysms: a single-center experience using the elephant trunk technique over 20 years.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We report the early and late outcomes after repair of extensive aortic aneurysms using the 2-stage elephant trunk (ET) technique.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Management of aneurysm involving the entire aorta is a significant challenge. Given the anatomical complexity, the staged ET procedure was devised. A paucity of long-term data of outcomes of this approach exists.
  
  
  METHODS
  A single-center retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database of all patients undergoing repair for extensive aortic aneurysm was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between 1991 and 2013, we repaired 3012 aneurysms of the ascending or thoracoabdominal aorta. Of these, we performed 503 operations in 348 patients using the ET technique. Mean age was 62.4 ± 14.3 years, and 156/346 (45.1%) operations were in women; 288 patients underwent first-stage ET with 157 receiving a complete second-stage repair. Index repair early mortality was 29/317 (9.1%). Completion stage early mortality was 17/186 = 9.1%. Stroke after first-stage ET repair was 10/297 (3.4%) and immediate neurologic deficit after the second-stage ET repair was 6/206 (2.9%). In the 131 patients who did not receive a second-stage repair, 17.8% died in the interval between 31 and 45 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Extensive aortic aneurysm is a complex problem, but it can be managed safely with a 2-stage open procedure. Those patients who could not complete the completion repair fared poorly. Better predictors for early outcome need to be determined. The use of ET technique remains a valuable approach for repair of extensive aortic aneurysm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Clinical Science Program, The University of Texas Houston-Medical School Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX.
authors.forename: Anthony L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Estrera
authors.forename: Harleen K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Sandhu
authors.forename: Charles C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Kristofer
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Charlton-Ouw
authors.forename: Tom C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Rana O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Afifi
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Azizzadeh
authors.forename: Hazim J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Safi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001014:Aortic Aneurysm / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D017545:Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D057510:Endovascular Procedures; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality