title: A chemical inhibitor of jasmonate signaling targets JAR1 in Arabidopsis thaliana.
abstract: Jasmonates are lipid-derived plant hormones that regulate plant defenses and numerous developmental processes. Although the biosynthesis and molecular function of the most active form of the hormone, (+)-7-iso-jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine (JA-Ile), have been unraveled, it remains poorly understood how the diversity of bioactive jasmonates regulates such a multitude of plant responses. Bioactive analogs have been used as chemical tools to interrogate the diverse and dynamic processes of jasmonate action. By contrast, small molecules impairing jasmonate functions are currently unknown. Here, we report on jarin-1 as what is to our knowledge the first small-molecule inhibitor of jasmonate responses that was identified in a chemical screen using Arabidopsis thaliana. Jarin-1 impairs the activity of JA-Ile synthetase, thereby preventing the synthesis of the active hormone, JA-Ile, whereas closely related enzymes are not affected. Thus, jarin-1 may serve as a useful chemical tool in search for missing regulatory components and further dissection of the complex jasmonate signaling networks.
authors.affiliation: 1] Chemical Biology Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Köln, Germany. [2] Center for Medical Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Meesters
authors.affiliation: Center for Medical Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Timon
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mönig
authors.affiliation: Center for Medical Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oeljeklaus
authors.affiliation: Center for Medical Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Krahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: Corey S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Westfall
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany.
authors.forename: Bettina
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hause
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Jez
authors.affiliation: Center for Medical Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaiser
authors.affiliation: Chemical Biology Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Köln, Germany.
authors.forename: Erich
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kombrink
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009713:Nucleotidyltransferases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D054852:Small Molecule Libraries / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D010453:Peptide Synthases
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D009713:Nucleotidyltransferases; D054883:Oxylipins; D054852:Small Molecule Libraries; C011006:jasmonic acid; C412831:AT2G46370 protein, Arabidopsis; D010453:Peptide Synthases