title: Nasal aerodynamics protects brain and lung from inhaled dust in subterranean diggers, Ellobius talpinus.
abstract: Inhalation of air-dispersed sub-micrometre and nano-sized particles presents a risk factor for animal and human health. Here, we show that nasal aerodynamics plays a pivotal role in the protection of the subterranean mole vole Ellobius talpinus from an increased exposure to nano-aerosols. Quantitative simulation of particle flow has shown that their deposition on the total surface of the nasal cavity is higher in the mole vole than in a terrestrial rodent Mus musculus (mouse), but lower on the olfactory epithelium. In agreement with simulation results, we found a reduced accumulation of manganese in olfactory bulbs of mole voles in comparison with mice after the inhalation of nano-sized MnCl2 aerosols. We ruled out the possibility that this reduction is owing to a lower transportation from epithelium to brain in the mole vole as intranasal instillations of MnCl2 solution and hydrated nanoparticles of manganese oxide MnO · (H2O)x revealed similar uptake rates for both species. Together, we conclude that nasal geometry contributes to the protection of brain and lung from accumulation of air-dispersed particles in mole voles.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia Department of Physiology, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, Tomsk State University, Tomsk 634050, Russia mmp@bionet.nsc.ru.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Moshkin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
authors.forename: D V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Petrovski
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Akulov
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia Design Technological Institute of Digital Techniques, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Romashchenko
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Gerlinskaya
authors.affiliation: Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
authors.forename: V L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Ganimedov
authors.affiliation: Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Muchnaya
authors.affiliation: Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Sadovsky
authors.affiliation: International Tomographic Center, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
authors.forename: I V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Koptyug
authors.affiliation: International Tomographic Center, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Savelov
authors.affiliation: Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
authors.forename: S Yu
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Troitsky
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Erasmus Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Moshkn
authors.affiliation: Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
authors.forename: V I
authors.initials: VI
authors.lastname: Bukhtiyarov
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia Department of Physiology, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Kolchanov
authors.affiliation: International Tomographic Center, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
authors.forename: R Z
authors.initials: RZ
authors.lastname: Sagdeev
authors.affiliation: Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Fomin
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D000818:Animals; D003411:Arvicolinae / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D001921:Brain; D004391:Dust; D019570:Inhalation Exposure; D008168:Lung; D051379:Mice / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D053758:Nanoparticles; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D004391:Dust; D052638:Particulate Matter
keywords: Ellobius; Mus; adaptation to dust; nanoparticles; nasal aerodynamics; subterranean rodents