title: Sleep and substance use disorders: an update.
abstract: Substance use disorders (SUD) are common and individuals who suffer from them are prone to relapse. One of the most common consequences of the use of and withdrawal from substances of abuse is sleep disturbance. Substances of abuse affect sleep physiology, including the neurotransmitter systems that regulate the sleep-wake system. Emerging research now highlights an interactive effect between sleep disorders and substance use. New findings in alcohol and sleep research have utilized sophisticated research designs and expanded the scope of EEG and circadian rhythm analyses. Research on marijuana and sleep has progressed with findings on the effects of marijuana withdrawal on objective and subjective measures of sleep. Treatment studies have focused primarily on sleep in alcohol use disorders. Therapies for insomnia in cannabis disorders are needed. Future research is poised to further address mechanisms of sleep disturbance in alcoholics and the effect of medical marijuana on sleep and daytime functioning.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan Department of Psychiatry, 4250 Plymouth Road, SPC 5740, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2700, USA, daconroy@med.umich.edu.
authors.forename: Deirdre A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Conroy
authors.forename: J Todd
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Arnedt
mesh_terms: D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000187:drug effects*; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012890:Sleep / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives