title: Translating genetic risk factors for prostate cancer to the clinic: 2013 and beyond.
abstract: Prostate cancer (PrCa) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the male UK population, with over 40,000 new cases per year. PrCa has a complex, polygenic predisposition, due to rare variants such as BRCA and common variants such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). With the introduction of genome-wide association studies, 78 susceptibility loci (SNPs) associated with PrCa risk have been identified. Genetic profiling could risk-stratify a population, leading to the discovery of a higher proportion of clinically significant disease and a reduction in the morbidity related to age-based prostate-specific antigen screening. Based on the combined risk of the 78 SNPs identified so far, the top 1% of the risk distribution has a 4.7-times higher risk of developing PrCa compared with the average of the general population.
authors.affiliation: The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK.
authors.forename: Christos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mikropoulos
authors.forename: Chee
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Goh
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Leongamornlert
authors.forename: Zsofia
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kote-Jarai
authors.forename: Rosalind
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Eeles
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics; D052138:Genes, Neoplasm; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019683:Penetrance; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy; D012307:Risk Factors; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
keywords: biomarkers; fine-mapping; imputation; single nucleotide polymorphisms; targeted screening