title: Mini-implant applications in orthognathic surgical treatment.
abstract: Orthognathic surgical treatment conventionally relies on the use of full arch fixed orthodontic appliances. However, the introduction of orthodontic mini-implants has altered surgical options in terms of providing an alternative to fixation (intermaxillary fixation, IMF) screws and even to maxillary osteotomy. This paper describes the integration of mini-implants within orthognathic treatments in terms of 'surgery first' treatments and by introducing the concept of the conversion of bimaxillary cases into mandible-only surgery treatments.
authors.affiliation: Orthodontic Department, Peterborough and Stamford Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK.
authors.forename: Richard R J
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Cousley
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peterborough and Stamford Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK.
authors.forename: Mark J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Turner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D015921:Dental Implants; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019248:Jaw Fixation Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy; D008313:Malocclusion, Angle Class III / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy; D063168:Mandibular Osteotomy / Q000295:instrumentation; D063166:Maxillary Osteotomy / Q000295:instrumentation; D008875:Middle Aged; D008904:Miniaturization; D008963:Molar / Q000473:pathology; D052280:Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D056948:Orthognathic Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants
keywords: Orthodontic mini-implant; TAD; orthognathic surgery; surgery first; vertical anchorage