title: Osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle: a classification system based on computed tomographic appearances.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objectives of this study were to introduce the classification of osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle based on computed tomographic images and to present our treatment experiences.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 2002 and December 2012, a total of 61 patients with condylar osteochondroma were treated in our division. Both clinical and radiologic aspects were reviewed. The average follow-up period was 24.3 months with a range of 6 to 120 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two types of condylar osteochondroma were presented: type 1 (protruding expansion) in 50 patients (82.0%) and type 2 (globular expansion) in 11 patients (18.0%). Type 1 condylar osteochondroma presented 5 forms: anterior/anteromedial (58%), posterior/posteromedial (6%), medial (16%), lateral (6%), and gigantic (14%). Local resection was performed on patients with type 1 condylar osteochondroma. Subtotal condylectomy/total condylectomy using costochondral graft reconstruction with/without orthognathic surgeries was performed on patients with type 2 condylar osteochondroma. During the follow-up period, tumor reformation, condyle absorption, and new deformity were not detected. The patients almost reattained facial symmetry.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preoperative classification based on computed tomographic images will help surgeons to choose the suitable surgical procedure to treat the condylar osteochondroma.
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of *Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and †Radiology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Min-jie
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Ya-ting
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Hui-min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000637:transplantation; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002356:Cartilage / Q000637:transplantation; D005146:Facial Asymmetry / Q000601:surgery; D005205:Fascia / Q000637:transplantation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000601:surgery; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008339:Mandibular Neoplasms / Q000145:classification* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D056948:Orthognathic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D015831:Osteochondroma / Q000145:classification* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000601:surgery; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult