title: The effects of vitamin E and omega-3 PUFAs on endothelial function among adolescents with metabolic syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study aims to explore the effects of vitamin E and omega-3 on endothelial function indicators among adolescents with metabolic syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a randomized, double blind, and placebo-controlled trial, 90 young individuals, aged 10 to 18 years, with metabolic syndrome were randomly assigned to receive either vitamin E tablets (400 IU/day) or omega-3 tablets (2.4 gr/day) or placebo. For assessing endothelial functional state, the serum level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was measured by ELISA test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The use of omega-3 supplementation for eight weeks led to significant increase in serum HDL level compared with the group treated with vitamin E or placebo group. In this regard, no significant correlations were found between the change in VEGF and baseline levels of other markers including anthropometric indices and serum lipids. Omega-3 could significantly reduce VEGF with the presence of other baseline variables (Beta = -12.55; P = 0.012).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The administration of omega-3 can effectively improve endothelial function in adolescents with metabolic syndrome by reducing the level of serum VEGF, as a major index for atherosclerosis progression and endothelial destabilization. Omega-3 can be proposed as a VEGF antagonist for improving endothelial function in metabolic syndrome. The clinical implications of our findings should be assessed in future studies.
authors.affiliation: Preventive Pediatric Cardiology Department, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmadi
authors.affiliation: Metabolic Syndrome Department, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mojgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gharipour
authors.affiliation: Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Gholamreza
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Arabzadeh
authors.affiliation: Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Payam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Moin
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashemipour
authors.affiliation: Preventive Pediatric Cardiology Department, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Roya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kelishadi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000097:blood; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D014810:Vitamin E