title: Effect of cooked white rice with high β-glucan barley on appetite and energy intake in healthy Japanese subjects: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: White rice is a dominant grain-based food in Japan, but excess intake of polished rice may cause obesity. Barley is a grain-based food, similar to white rice, but it has the potential to control appetite and reduce energy intake. We investigated the effect of cooked white rice with high β-glucan barley on appetite and energy intake. The study was conducted as a randomized crossover design with twenty-one healthy Japanese women [mean ± standard deviation body mass index (BMI) 23.3 ± 0.7 kg/m(2)]. Subjects consumed a breakfast of cooked white rice with high β-glucan barley (BAR) or white rice (WR), followed by an ad libitum lunch and dinner. Energy intake was measured at the lunch and the dinner using plate waste. Subjects' perception scores on hunger, fullness, satiety, and prospective food consumption were assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) before and after the breakfast, lunch and dinner. BAR significantly reduced the VAS scores of hunger and prospective food consumption, and increased fullness before lunch compared to WR (P = 0.032, 0.019 and 0.038, respectively). Energy intake at lunch and the cumulative energy intake (lunch + dinner) subsequent to BAR consumption were significantly lower than WR (P = 0.035 and 0.021, respectively). BAR was able to modulate appetite and reduce energy intake. The combination of white rice with high β-glucan barley could play a beneficial role in preventing and treating obesity and other obesity-related metabolic diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Faculty of Home Economics, Otsuma Women's University, 12 Sanban-cho Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8357, Japan.
authors.forename: Seiichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aoe
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikenaga
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Noguchi
authors.forename: Chieko
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kohashi
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kakumoto
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kohda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001066:Appetite / Q000187:drug effects*; D003296:Cooking; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects*; D002523:Edible Grain; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D001467:Hordeum / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D006815:Hunger / Q000187:drug effects; D062407:Meals; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012275:Oryza; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012527:Satiation / Q000187:drug effects; D047071:beta-Glucans / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D047071:beta-Glucans