title: An assessment of the usefulness of Kinesiograph as an aid in the diagnosis of TMD: a review of Manfredini et al.'s studies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Performing a literature review of publications by Dr. Manfredini et al. related to their temporomandibular joint (TMJ) injection therapy outcome with conclusions on the clinical utility of computerized measurement devices used in the management of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). In addition, reviewing their published opinion on an occlusion: TMD versus a biopsychosocial paradigm for TMD. Manfredini et al. authored an article published in the Journal of the American Dental Association (JADA) 2013, "An Assessment of the usefulness of jaw kinesiography in monitoring temporomandibular disorders," the most recent of 12 articles. In all studies, subjects received TMJ injections with an objective measurement outcome criterion; increased maximum mouth opening (MMO) and subjective symptom improvement of pain and chewing function. In the 2013 JADA article, the Mandibular Kinesiograph, referred to as KG, measured MMO before and after therapy. In 11 prior articles, all subject groups with limited mouth opening exhibited very significant increased MMO post-treatment, documenting treatment success using the same 2013 protocol. The 2013 study showed a 1·1 mm improved MMO, described as insignificant. The authors did not critique or explain the aberrant, skewed 2013 outcome data contrasted with their prior studies, which showed overwhelmingly significant increased MMO. Instead, they concluded that the MMO recording device was clinically useless. This motivated a literature review of the authors' TMD publications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The publications by Manfredini et al. recognized proponents of the psychosocial model of TMD, including the 2013 article, appear to be part of a campaign denying an occlusion: TMD relationship and disparaging the specific computerized measurement devices and the dentists using them in the management of their TMD patients using neuromuscular occlusion dental treatment.
authors.forename: Barry C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: Fray
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Adib
mesh_terms: D003766:Dental Occlusion; D004576:Electromyography; D006801:Humans; D009068:Movement; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D014716:Vertical Dimension
keywords: Clinical usefulness,; K6,; K7,; Kinesiograph,; Maximum mandibular opening,; Sensitivity and specificity; TMD diagnostic process,; Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs),