title: Ruthenium polypyridine complexes combined with oligonucleotides for bioanalysis: a review.
abstract: Ruthenium complexes are among the most interesting coordination complexes and they have attracted great attention over the past decades due to their appealing biological, catalytic, electronic and optical properties. Ruthenium complexes have found a unique niche in bioanalysis, as demonstrated by the substantial progress made in the field. In this review, the applications of ruthenium complexes coordinated with polypyridine ligands (and analogues) in bioanalysis are discussed. Three main detection methods based on electrochemistry, electrochemiluminescence, and photoluminscence are covered. The important targets, including DNA and other biologically important targets, are detected by specific biorecognition with the corresponding oligonucleotides as the biorecognition elements (i.e., DNA is probed by its complementary strand and other targets are detected by functional nucleic acids, respectively). Selected examples are provided and thoroughly discussed to highlight the substantial progress made so far. Finally, a brief summary with perspectives is included.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China. zhangshuyu1990_cn@163.com.
authors.forename: Shuyu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China. ybding@nju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yubin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China. weihui@nju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D001681:Biological Assay; D002384:Catalysis; D056831:Coordination Complexes / Q000737:chemistry*; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry; D008024:Ligands; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000737:chemistry*; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D011725:Pyridines / Q000737:chemistry*; D012428:Ruthenium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D056831:Coordination Complexes; D008024:Ligands; D009841:Oligonucleotides; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D011725:Pyridines; D012428:Ruthenium; D004247:DNA; C023666:pyridine