title: The challenge and promise of anti-epileptic therapy development in animal models.
abstract: Translation of successful target and compound validation studies into clinically effective therapies is a major challenge, with potential for costly clinical trial failures. This situation holds true for the epilepsies-complex diseases with different causes and symptoms. Although the availability of predictive animal models has led to the development of effective antiseizure therapies that are routinely used in clinical practice, showing that translation can be successful, several important unmet therapeutic needs still exist. Available treatments do not fully control seizures in a third of patients with epilepsy, and produce substantial side-effects. No treatment can prevent the development of epilepsy in at-risk patients or cure patients with epilepsy. And no specific treatment for epilepsy-associated comorbidities exists. To meet these demands, a redesign of translational approaches is urgently needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences (Section of Pharmacology), University of Ferrara, and National Institute of Neuroscience, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Simonato
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatrics, Neurology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Schools of Medicine and Pharmacy, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
authors.forename: Amy R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Brooks-Kayal
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Neurobiology, and Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Jerome
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Engel
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Developmental Epilepsy, Montefiore/Einstein Epilepsy Management Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY, USA; Saul R Korey Department of Neurology, Department of Dominick P Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Montefiore/Einstein Epilepsy Management Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Aristea S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Galanopoulou
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Frances E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Developmental Epilepsy, Montefiore/Einstein Epilepsy Management Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY, USA; Saul R Korey Department of Neurology, Department of Dominick P Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Montefiore/Einstein Epilepsy Management Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Laboratory of Developmental Epilepsy, Montefiore/Einstein Epilepsy Management Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Solomon L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Moshé
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: Terence J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, A I Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Asla
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pitkanen
authors.affiliation: Anticonvulsant Drug Development Program, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
authors.forename: Karen S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Wilcox
authors.affiliation: New York University Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: Jacqueline.french@nyumc.org.
authors.forename: Jacqueline A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: French
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000592:standards*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants