title: Heart-lung transplantation: adult indications and outcomes.
abstract: Combined heart-lung transplantation remains the only definitive therapy for patients who have both end-stage heart failure and end-stage lung failure. The most common indication is congenital heart disease (CHD) and the proportion is increasing for acquired heart disease concomitant with pulmonary hypertension and/or intrinsic lung diseases. Previously, idiopathic pulmonary hypertension was the most common indication. However, it has been shown that right ventricular failure can be reversed after double lung transplantation. Therefore, patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) should not undergo combined heart-lung transplantation unless left ventricular dysfunction co-exists. The ISHLT registry data shows survival after heart-lung transplantation is improving, but still its survival rates are 71% at 3 months, 63% at 1 year, 44% at 5 years and 31% at 10 years. With appropriate patient selection and surgical expertise, these outcomes should improve further.
authors.affiliation: 1 Temple University, USA ; 2 University of Pittsburgh, USA.
authors.forename: Yoshiya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Toyoda
authors.affiliation: 1 Temple University, USA ; 2 University of Pittsburgh, USA.
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Toyoda
keywords: Heart-lung transplantation; extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH), congenital heart disease (CHD); ventricular assist device