title: Treatment of hook of the hamate fractures in adults using low-intensity pulsed ultrasound.
abstract: Two delayed unions and one nonunion of hook of the hamate fractures in adults aged 31-, 40-, and 41-years-old were treated with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS). Ultrasound treatment was started at three, four, and six months after injury and ultrasound exposure at the hook of the hamate in the hypothenar eminence was carried out for four to five months. During the management period, there was no immobilisation with a cast or brace and limited strain with only routine daily activities allowed. In all cases, bony union was confirmed on carpal tunnel radiographs or computed tomography at the final follow-up time of eight and 36 months after injuries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
authors.forename: Michiyo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tomaru
authors.forename: Denju
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Osada
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tamai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D051225:Hamate Bone / Q000293:injuries*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Elderly People; Fracture; Hamate Hook; Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound