title: Utility of urine cytology in evaluating hematuria with sonographically suspected bladder lesion in patients older than 50 years.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Investigate the utility of urine cytology (UC) in patients older than 50 years with hematuria and sonographically suspected bladder lesion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between April 2010 and June 2012, 152 patients above 50 years suffering from hematuria were included in this study. In all patients, ultrasound revealed a lesion suspected to be bladder cancer. Voided urine specimens were taken from all patients and transported to Pathology laboratory and processed within 1-3 h. All patients have undergone a cystoscopy examination and biopsy was taken from any suspicious lesion. The cytological diagnosis was reported as one of three categories, positive or negative or suspicious for malignancy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred thirty three (87.5%) patients in this study proved to have bladder carcinoma in histopathological examination. The sensitivity of UC was 53.4% and only five patients were suspicious. Percentage of positive cytology was highest among patients having gross hematuria (51.3%), posterior wall lesions (75%), papillonodular configuration (81.8%), invasive cancer (59.1%) and bilharzial affection (52.5%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hematuria in patients older than 50 years with sonographically suspected bladder lesion mandates cystoscopy and biopsy. UC does not add more significant information in this group of patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University Hospital and School of Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Hussam Eldin Helmy
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Mady
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University Hospital and School of Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Abd Alhady Mohammad
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Omar
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University Hospital and School of Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohamed Abd-Alla
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Elgammal
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University Hospital and School of Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ghada Hosny Mohamed
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
keywords: Bladder cancer; hematuria; urine cytology