title: Food addiction in a Spanish sample of eating disorders: DSM-5 diagnostic subtype differentiation and validation data.
abstract: Although the concept of 'food addiction' (FA) has raised growing interest because of evidence for similarities between substance dependence and excessive food intake, there is a lack of studies that explore this construct among the wide spectrum of eating disorders (EDs). Besides providing validation scores of a Spanish version of the Yale FA Scale (YFAS-S), this study examined the prevalence of 'FA' among ED subtypes compared with healthy-eating controls (HCs) and the association between 'FA' scores, eating symptomatology and general psychopathology. A sample of 125 adult women with ED, diagnosed according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5 criteria, and 82 healthy-eating women participated in the study. All participants were assessed with the YFAS-S, the ED Inventory-2 and the Symptom Checklist-Revised. Results showed that the internal structure of the one-dimensional solution for the YFAS-S was very good (α = 0.95). The YFAS-S has a good discriminative capacity to differentiate between ED and controls (specificity = 97.6% and sensitivity (Se) = 72.8%; area under receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.90) and a good Se to screen for specific ED subtypes. YFAS-S scores were associated with higher levels of negative affect and depression, higher general psychopathology, more severe eating pathology and greater body mass index. When comparing the prevalence of 'FA' between ED subtypes, the lowest prevalence of 'FA', measured with the YFAS-S, was for the anorexia nervosa (AN) restrictive subtype with 50%, and the highest was for the AN binge-purging subtype (85.7%), followed by bulimia nervosa (81.5%) and binge eating disorder (76.9%). In conclusion, higher YFAS-S scores are associated with bingeing ED-subtype patients and with more eating severity and psychopathology. Although the 'FA' construct is able to differentiate between ED and HC, it needs to be further explored.
authors.affiliation: Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Roser
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Granero
authors.forename: Ines
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hilker
authors.forename: Zaida
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Agüera
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Murcia
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sauchelli
authors.forename: Mohammed A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.forename: Ana B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Fagundo
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.forename: Nadine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Riesco
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dieguez
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Soriano
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Salcedo-Sánchez
authors.forename: Felipe F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Casanueva
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: De la Torre
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Menchón
authors.forename: Ashley N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Gearhardt
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fernández-Aranda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000856:Anorexia Nervosa / Q000453:epidemiology; D016739:Behavior, Addictive / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D056912:Binge-Eating Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D052018:Bulimia Nervosa / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005502:Food; D006801:Humans; D015995:Prevalence; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
keywords: YFAS; anorexia nervosa; binge eating disorder; bulimia nervosa; eating disorders; food addiction