title: Expression and clinical significance of cancer-testis genes in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: Cancer-testis (CT) antigens, which are encoded by CT genes, have been recognized as a group of highly attractive targets for cancer immunotherapy. However, the expression and clinical relevance of CT genes in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains largely unknown. The present study aims to analyze the expression profile of 6 individual CT genes including MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3, MAGE-A12, cTAGE-1, cTAGE-2, and NY-ESO-1 in ccRCC and further investigate their possible correlations with clinicopathologic characteristics. The mRNA expressions of these CT genes were detected using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 105 ccRCC tissue samples (T1-2 in 70 samples, T3-4 in 35 samples; G1-2 in 65 samples, G3-4 in 40 samples) as well as the paired adjacent normal tissues. The most frequently expressed CT gene was MAGE-A3 (27.6%), followed by MAGE-A12 (23.8%), NY-ESO-1 (21%), MAGE-A1 (20%), cTAGE-1 (17.1%), and cTAGE-2 (14.3%). In contrast, no expression of CT genes was detected in the paired adjacent normal tissues. Furthermore, the MAGE-A3 protein expression was determined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. MAGE-A3 protein was expressed in 21.9% ccRCC samples with a cytoplasmic staining pattern. No MAGE-A3 protein expression was found in the paired adjacent normal tissues. There was a significant correlation between MAGE-A3 expression at both mRNA (P =0.045) and protein (P = 0.03) levels with advanced stages of the disease. Taken together, CT genes may serve as promising targets of specific immunotherapy for ccRCC and particularly, MAGE-A3 may serve as a potential prognostic marker for ccRCC patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang 110004, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang 110001, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaosong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang 110004, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang 110004, China.
authors.forename: Mo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang 110004, China.
authors.forename: Yongsheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C072013:MAGEA3 protein, human; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger
keywords: Cancer-testis (CT) gene; clear cell renal cell carcinoma; immunotherapy; prognosis