title: Endoscopic cystolithotomy by mini nephroscope: a preliminary study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To introduce a novel endoscopic surgical technique with mini-nephroscope by suprapubic transvesical route for cystolithotripsy in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a non-randomized study with a series of 12 boys, between February 2012 and September 2013. Demographic, operative, and postoperative data were recorded. Our new endoscopic surgery technique could be performed in all patients. Complications were noted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age was 35.1 ± 8.6 months (19-46 months), the average stone size was 16.5 ± 5.2 mm (10-20 mm). Mean operation time was 28.9 min (21-40), and mean hospital stay was 2.2 (2-3) days. In all procedures, stones were successfully fragmented and extracted by the new surgical technique. There was no intraoperative and/or postoperative complication or urethral stricture during follow-up period. In stone analyses, the main components were ammonium acid urate, calcium oxalate, and struvite.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The new endoscopic surgery technique is safe and effective for bladder stones in children. Thus, our technique can be a strong candidate for an alternative treatment of childhood bladder stones.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Harran University School of Medicine , Sanliurfa , Turkey.
authors.forename: Halil
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ciftci
authors.forename: Kemal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gumus
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Demir
authors.forename: Mehmet Ogur
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gulum
authors.forename: Ercan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yeni
authors.forename: Yigit
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akin
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007902:Length of Stay; D008096:Lithotripsy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D061646:Operative Time; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D001744:Urinary Bladder Calculi / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: Lithotripsy; paediatric; percutaneous nephrolithotomy; surgical procedure; urinary bladder calculi