title: Surface tailoring of nanoparticles via mixed-charge monolayers and their biomedical applications.
abstract: The recent convergence of nanomaterials and medicine has provided an expanding horizon for people to achieve encouraging advances in many biomedical applications such as cancer diagnosis and therapy. However, to realize desirable functions in the rather complex biological systems, a suitable surface coating is greatly in need for nanoparticles (NPs), regardless of the species. In this review, a recently developed surface modification strategy is highlighted--mixed-charge monolayers--with an emphasis on the nanointerfaces of inorganic NPs. Two typical mixed-charge gold NPs (AuNPs) prepared from surface modifications with different combinations of oppositely charged alkanethiols are shown as detailed examples to discuss how the mixed-charge monolayer can help NPs meet the criteria for in vitro and in vivo biomedical applications, including those critical issues like colloidal stability, nonfouling properties, and smart responses (pH-sensitivity) for tumor targeting.
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
authors.forename: Xiangsheng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Huan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Qiao
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ji
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006801:Humans; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D006046:Gold
keywords: mixed-charge monolayers; nanoparticles; surface modification; tumor targeting; zwitterionic