title: Prokineticin 1 and leukemia inhibitory factor mRNA expression in the endometrium of women with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the expression patterns of prokineticin 1 (PROK1) and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) mRNA differ in peri-implantation endometrial tissue of women with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) from normal fertile women.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University-based tertiary care center.
  
  
  METHODS
  30 women with idiopathic RPL and 30 fertile controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Endometrial biopsies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis for expression of PROK1 and LIF mRNA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of PROK1 and LIF was statistically significantly increased in the endometrium of the women with idiopathic RPL compared with the controls. Furthermore, increased LIF expression was observed in the endometrium of women with idiopathic RPL compared with controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An increased mRNA expression of PROK1 and LIF could be one of the several abnormalities characterizing the endometrium in women with RPL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inonu University, School of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey. Electronic address: drkaraer@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Abdullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karaer
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Inonu University, School of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yilmaz
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cigremis
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inonu University, School of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ebru
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Celik
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inonu University, School of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Rukiye
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Urhan Gonullu
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000235:genetics*; D000046:Academic Medical Centers; D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004717:Endometrium / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D005768:Gastrointestinal Hormones / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D053605:Leukemia Inhibitory Factor / Q000235:genetics*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012307:Risk Factors; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers; D015854:Up-Regulation; D042662:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Endocrine-Gland-Derived / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005768:Gastrointestinal Hormones; C507837:LIF protein, human; D053605:Leukemia Inhibitory Factor; C467610:PROK1 protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D042662:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Endocrine-Gland-Derived
keywords: Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF); prokineticin 1 (PROK1); recurrent pregnancy loss