title: Metabolic variations, antioxidant potential, and antiviral activity of different extracts of Eugenia singampattiana (an endangered medicinal plant used by Kani tribals, Tamil Nadu, India) leaf.
abstract: Eugenia singampattiana is an endangered medicinal plant used by the Kani tribals of South India. The plant had been studied for its antioxidant, antitumor, antihyperlipidemic, and antidiabetic activity. But its primary and secondary metabolites profile and its antiviral properties were unknown, and so this study sought to identify this aspect in Eugenia singampattiana plant through different extraction methods along with their activities against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). The GC-MS analysis revealed that 11 primary metabolites showed significant variations among the extracts. Except for fructose all other metabolites were high with water extract. Among 12 secondary metabolites showing variations, the levels of 4-hydroxy benzoic acid, caffeic acid, rutin, ferulic acid, coumaric acid, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, myricetin, and kaempferol were high with methanol extract. Since the flavonoid content of methanol extracts was high, the antioxidant potential, such as ABTS, and phosphomolybdenum activity increased. The plants antiviral activity against PRRSV was for the first time confirmed and the results revealed that methanol 25 µg and 75 to 100 µg in case of water extracts revealed antiviral activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: K M Maria
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: John
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany & Microbiology, AVVM Sri Pushpam College (Autonomous), Poondi, Thanjavur District, Tamil Nadu 613503, India.
authors.forename: Muniappan
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4685-6376
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ayyanar
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Science Research Institute, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-729, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Subbiah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jeeva
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, VHN Senthikumara Nadar College, Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu 626001, India.
authors.forename: Murugesan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suresh
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Gansukh
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Enkhtaivan
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Doo Hwan
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D056727:Endangered Species; D005006:Ethnicity; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D055442:Metabolome / Q000187:drug effects*; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000032:analysis; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000032:analysis; D019316:Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus / Q000187:drug effects; D064210:Secondary Metabolism; D027842:Syzygium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D005419:Flavonoids; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D064209:Phytochemicals; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols