title: Glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) controls inflammation and tissue damage after spinal cord injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Spinal cord injury (SCI) occurs following damage to the spinal column. Following trauma, tissue damage is further exacerbated by a secondary damage due to a SCI-activated inflammatory process. Control of leukocytes activity is essential to therapeutic inhibition of the spinal cord damage to ameliorate the patient's conditions. The mechanisms that regulate neuroinflammation following SCI, including T-cell infiltration, have not been completely clarified. Glucocorticoids (GC) are antiinflammatory drugs widely used in therapy, including treatment of SCI. GC efficacy may be linked to many molecular mechanisms that are involved in regulation of leukocytes migration, activation, and differentiation. We have previously shown that the antiinflammatory activity of GC is in part mediated by glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ). Here, we investigated the role of GILZ in inflammation and spinal cord tissue damage following a spinal trauma.
  
  
  METHODS
  We address the role of GILZ in SCI-induced inflammation and tissue damage using a model of SCI in gilz knockout (gilz KO) and wild-type (WT) mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that GILZ deficiency is associated with a strong reduction of SCI-induced inflammation and a significantly reduced lesion area following SCI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrate that GILZ is involved in induction of neuroinflammation and functional outcomes of spinal cord trauma.
authors.affiliation: IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mazzon
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bruscoli
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galuppo
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Biagioli
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sorcini
authors.forename: Oxana
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bereshchenko
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fiorucci
authors.forename: Graziella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Migliorati
authors.forename: Placido
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bramanti
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Riccardi
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D020556:Neutrophil Infiltration / Q000235:genetics; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000378:metabolism; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D015703:Antigens, CD; C498608:Dsip1 protein, mouse; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D019007:P-Selectin; D014157:Transcription Factors; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1
keywords: Glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper; Inflammation; Spinal cord injuries; T lymphocytes