title: The strong relation between post-hemodialysis blood methylglyoxal levels and post-hemodialysis blood glucose concentration rise.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hemodialysis is known to decrease blood glucose concentration (BGC), insulin, and methylglyoxal levels. However, the effects of decreases in these factors on the increase in post-hemodialysis BGC remain unknown. This study identifies the effects of hemodialysis-induced changes in concentrations of these elements on post-hemodialysis BGC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Study subjects included seventeen insulin-treated diabetes patients receiving hemodialysis. The fluctuations in BGC on hemodialysis-treatment days and non-hemodialysis-treatment days were evaluated using a continuous glucose monitoring system. BGC was evaluated before breakfast, before starting hemodialysis, at the end of hemodialysis, 1 h post-hemodialysis (lunch), and 6 h post-hemodialysis (dinner). BGC, insulin, and methylglyoxal levels were measured at the start and end of hemodialysis. This study also evaluated the changes in the concentrations of glucose and insulin in the arterial line and the venous line during hemodialysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hemodialysis decreases BGC, insulin, and methylglyoxal levels. Concentrations of glucose and insulin in the arterial line gradually decreased during dialysis, while concentrations in the venous line approached their original concentrations in the dialysis solution. BGC rose sharply after eating lunch 1 h post-hemodialysis. The blood glucose, insulin, and methylglyoxal concentrations at the end of hemodialysis were associated with the M values and the mean amplitude of glycemic excursion values between before lunch and dinner. In particular, methylglyoxal concentration at the end of hemodialysis was strongly related to the post-hemodialysis increase in BGC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hemodialysis-induced decreases in methylglyoxal concentrations and methylglyoxal concentration at the end of hemodialysis influence post-hemodialysis fluctuations in BGC.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan.
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Senda
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan. ogawa-s@hosp.tohoku.ac.jp.|Section of Clinical Education, Division of Research in Student Support, Institute for Excellence in Higher Education, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan. ogawa-s@hosp.tohoku.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nako
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan.
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okamura
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan.
authors.forename: Sadayoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D062409:Lunch / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018670:Monitoring, Ambulatory; D019518:Postprandial Period; D011765:Pyruvaldehyde / Q000097:blood*; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D011765:Pyruvaldehyde
keywords: Continuous glucose monitoring system; Methylglyoxal; Post-hemodialysis blood glucose fluctuations