title: Anopheles gambiae eicosanoids modulate Plasmodium berghei survival from oocyst to salivary gland invasion.
abstract: Eicosanoids affect the immunity of several pathogen/insect models, but their role on the Anopheles gambiae response to Plasmodium is still unknown. Plasmodium berghei-infected mosquitoes were injected with an eicosanoid biosynthesis inhibitor, indomethacin (IN), or a substrate, arachidonic acid (AA), at day 7 or day 12 post-infection (p.i.). Salivary gland invasion was evaluated by sporozoite counts at day 21 p.i. IN promoted infection upon sporozoite release from oocysts, but inhibited infection when sporozoites were still maturing within the oocysts, as observed by a reduction in the number of sporozoites reaching the salivary glands. AA treatment had the opposite effect. We show for the first time that An. gambiae can modulate parasite survival through eicosanoids by exerting an antagonistic or agonistic effect on the parasite, depending on its stage of development.
authors.affiliation: Unidade de Ensino e Investigação de Parasitologia Médica, Centro de Malária e Outras Doenças Tropicais, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.affiliation: Unidade de Ensino e Investigação de Parasitologia Médica, Centro de Malária e Outras Doenças Tropicais, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Custódio
authors.affiliation: Unidade de Ensino e Investigação de Parasitologia Médica, Centro de Malária e Outras Doenças Tropicais, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Henrique
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Silveira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000469:parasitology*; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D015777:Eicosanoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000469:parasitology*; D033661:Oocysts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D010962:Plasmodium berghei / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012469:Salivary Glands / Q000469:parasitology*
chemical_list: D015777:Eicosanoids; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D007213:Indomethacin