title: Soluble CD138/Syndecan-1 Increases in the Sera of Patients with Moderately Differentiated Bladder Cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  CD138/Syndecan-1 (Sdc-1) is expressed on the tumor and stromal cells of invasive bladder carcinoma. CD138/Sdc-1 shedding from the cell surface is associated with the invasive phenotype in lung and breast cancers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Soluble CD138/Sdc-1 was measured in the sera of 86 bladder cancer patients and 57 healthy individuals by a commercial ELISA assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Soluble Sdc-1 was increased in the sera of patients with bladder cancer (138.42 ± 81.85 vs. 86.48 ± 82.58 ng/ml, p = 0.0003). Patients aged over 70 years had higher levels of CD138/Sdc-1 in their sera (159.7 ± 15.77 vs. 124.5 ± 9.99 ng/ml, p = 0.025), and soluble Sdc-1 levels were higher in the sera of patients with moderately differentiated tumors compared to poorly differentiated ones (170.47 ± 85.06 vs. 101.79 ± 68.24 ng/ml, p = 0.01). The soluble Sdc-1 level was higher in muscle-invasive (154.45 ± 83.60 vs. 89.9 ± 55.02 ng/ml) but not lymphatic-invasive (106.25 ± 52.10 vs. 123.43 ± 63.76 ng/ml) tumors (p = 0.027 and 0.45, respectively). A non-significant trend of soluble Sdc-1 increase in the sera of male patients compared to female patients was observed (145.38 ± 85.47 vs. 110.20 ± 59.04 ng/ml, p = 0.054).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The elevated levels of soluble CD138/Sdc-1 in older bladder cancer patients and those with muscular invasion sheds some light on the mechanisms of the disease invasion.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Nabi
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Sanaee
authors.forename: Mahyar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malekzadeh
authors.forename: Abdolaziz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khezri
authors.forename: Abbas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghaderi
authors.forename: Mehrnoosh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Doroudchi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D053668:Syndecan-1 / Q000097:blood*; D015854:Up-Regulation; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C508241:SDC1 protein, human; D053668:Syndecan-1