title: Streptococcus oriloxodontae sp. nov., isolated from the oral cavities of elephants.
abstract: Two strains were isolated from oral cavity samples of healthy elephants. The isolates were Gram-positive, catalase-negative, coccus-shaped organisms that were tentatively identified as a streptococcal species based on the results of biochemical tests. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis suggested classification of these organisms in the genus Streptococcus with Streptococcus criceti ATCC 19642(T) and Streptococcus orisuis NUM 1001(T) as their closest phylogenetic neighbours with 98.2 and 96.9% gene sequence similarity, respectively. When multi-locus sequence analysis using four housekeeping genes, groEL, rpoB, gyrB and sodA, was carried out, similarity of concatenated sequences of the four housekeeping genes from the new isolates and Streptococcus mutans was 89.7%. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments suggested that the new isolates were distinct from S. criceti and other species of the genus Streptococcus. On the basis of genotypic and phenotypic differences, it is proposed that the novel isolates are classified in the genus Streptococcus as representatives of Streptococcus oriloxodontae sp. nov. The type strain of S. oriloxodontae is NUM 2101(T) ( =JCM 19285(T) =DSM 27377(T)).
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Microbiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shinozaki-Kuwahara
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Microbiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan.
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Microbiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan.
authors.forename: Masatomo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirasawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Microbiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004606:Elephants / Q000382:microbiology*; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D005838:Genotype; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009055:Mouth / Q000382:microbiology*; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S