title: The impact of web-based HOT (Healthy Outcomes for Teens) Project on risk for type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The HOT (Healthy Outcome for Teens) Project is an innovative online educational intervention for middle school children for prevention of diabetes and obesity by balancing food intake with physical activity. The objective was to improve knowledge, outcome expectations, self-efficacy, and self-reported food intake and skills and to compare a passive online learning (POL) control group with an active online learning (AOL) treatment group by implementing a social cognitive theory (SCT)-grounded online intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 214 participants were recruited from three middle schools. Full data were secured for 181 students. Six valid, reliable questionnaires were administered online, pre/post, to both the AOL and POL groups to assess knowledge gain, self-reported intake, and meal planning skills, as well as change in SCT constructs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects in the AOL group improved significantly for all five categories of planning a meal questionnaire (P=0.001) and also for outcome expectations for exercise (P=0.001). At postintervention, no significant differences were found for composite scores of exercise self-efficacy, weight efficacy lifestyle, and rapid eating assessment plan questionnaires between AOL versus POL (by Mann-Whitney test).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that teens participating in the AOL version of the HOT Project intervention acquired skills for planning a meal and improved outcome expectations for exercise.
authors.affiliation: 1 Human and Community Development, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois.
authors.forename: Henna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Muzaffar
authors.forename: Darla M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Castelli
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Scherer
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chapman-Novakofski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017195:Adolescent Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D007087:Illinois / Q000453:epidemiology; D020407:Internet; D059012:Lost to Follow-Up; D008297:Male; D062407:Meals; D009043:Motor Activity; D018673:Nutrition Policy; D009765:Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D012306:Risk; D012574:Schools; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires