title: Peptide YY and ghrelin predict craving and risk for relapse in abstinent smokers.
abstract: Appetite hormones are directly involved in regulating satiety, energy expenditure, and food intake, and accumulating evidence suggests their involvement in regulating reward and craving for drugs. This study investigated the ability of peptide YY (PYY) and ghrelin during the initial 24-48 h of a smoking cessation attempt to predict smoking relapse at 4 weeks. Multiple regression analysis indicated that increased PYY was associated with decreased reported craving and increased positive affect. Cox proportional hazard models showed that higher ghrelin levels predicted increased risk of smoking relapse (hazard ratio=2.06, 95% CI=1.30-3.27). These results indicate that circulating PYY may have buffering effects during the early stages of cessation while ghrelin may confer increased risk of smoking relapse. Further investigation of the links between these hormones and nicotine dependence is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Duluth Medical Research Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN, USA; Department of Biobehavioral Health and Population Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN, USA. Electronic address: malabsi@umn.edu.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: al'Absi
authors.affiliation: Duluth Medical Research Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Andrine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lemieux
authors.affiliation: Duluth Medical Research Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN, USA; Department of Biobehavioral Health and Population Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Motohiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakajima
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000097:blood; D003367:Cotinine / Q000378:metabolism; D066249:Craving / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019894:Peptide YY / Q000097:blood*; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology*; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D054439:Ghrelin; D019894:Peptide YY; D002248:Carbon Monoxide; D003367:Cotinine
keywords: Craving; Ghrelin; Nicotine dependence; Peptide YY; Relapse; Withdrawal