title: Association between nutritional status, C-reactive protein, adiponectin and HOMA-AD in Brazilian children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In children, the presence of obesity is a major risk factor for the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases on the adulthood.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the association of anthropometry, body composition, clinical variables and biochemical profile with C-reactive protein and adiponectin levels, and insulin resistance in children in the municipality of Nova Era, Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nested case-control study following a crosssectional study. We evaluated 178 children, 57 of them classified as obese and 121 as normal-weight from a population of 1024 schoolchildren 6 to 10 years old: Blood samples were collected after 12-hour fast to obtain serum and plasma. We collected anthropometric and body composition measures, systolic and diastolic blood pressure data. Sexual maturation was assessed according to the stage of sexual development. We performed Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson's correlation, Spearman's test and multiple linear regression analysis. Independent variables with p < 0.05 were included in the multiple regression model. Residual analysis was performed to assess model validity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among obese children, C-reactive protein levels were associated with triacylglycerol levels and body fat percentage estimated by skinfold thickness (R2 adjusted = 27.6%, p < 0.001). Adiponectin was associated with HOMA-IR, HOMAAD and body fat percentage estimated by skinfold thickness (R2 adjusted = 75.5%, p < 0.001). HOMA-AD index was associated with HOMA-IR, adiponectin, systolic blood pressure and weight (R2 adjusted = 90.7%, p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Significant associations were found between body composition, anthropometry, clinical variables, biochemical profile and adiponectin and C-reactive protein levels and insulin resistance in obese and normal-weight children.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine. Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP). Ouro Preto. Minas Gerais. Brazil.. al-domingos@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Ana Luiza
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Gomes Domingos
authors.affiliation: Department of Social and Clinical Nutrition. School of Nutrition. Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP). Ouro Preto. Minas Gerais. Brazil.. gmcoelho@medicina.ufop.br.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Luiz Lins Machado-Coelho
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics. Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP). Ouro Preto. Minas Gerais. Brazil.. anavolp@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ana Carolina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Pinheiro Volp
authors.affiliation: Research Center in Biological Sciences. Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP). Ouro Preto. Minas Gerais. Brazil.. fernandoest@ig.com.br.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Luiz Pereira de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Department of Social and Clinical Nutrition. School of Nutrition. Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP). Ouro Preto. Minas Gerais. Brazil.. ivocaldass@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Ivo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Santana Caldas
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Health and Nutrition. School of Nutrition. Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP). Ouro Preto. Minas Gerais. Brazil.. freitas@enut.ufop.br.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nascimento de Freitas
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000886:Anthropometry; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001823:Body Composition; D001938:Brazil; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009752:Nutritional Status; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein