title: Trypanocidal activity of free and nanoencapsulated curcumin on Trypanosoma evansi.
abstract: This study aimed to evaluate in vitro and in vivo trypanocidal activity of free and nanoencapsulated curcumin against Trypanosoma evansi. In vitro efficacy of free curcumin (CURC) and curcumin-loaded in lipid-core nanocapsules (C-LNCs) was evaluated to verify their lethal effect on T. evansi. To perform the in vivo tests, T. evansi-infected animals were treated with CURC (10 and 100 mg kg(-1), intraperitoneally [i.p.]) and C-LNCs (10 mg kg(-1), i.p.) during 6 days, with the results showing that these treatments significantly attenuated the parasitaemia. Infected untreated rats showed protein peroxidation and an increase of nitrites/nitrates, whereas animals treated with curcumin showed a reduction on these variables. As a result, the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) differs between groups (P<0.05). Infected animals and treated with CURC exhibited a reduction in the levels of alanine aminotransferase and creatinine, when compared with the positive control group. The use of curcumin in vitro resulted in a better parasitaemia control, an antioxidant activity and a protective effect on liver and kidney functions of T. evansi-infected adult male Wistar rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology,Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM),Santa Maria,Brazil.
authors.forename: L T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Gressler
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology,Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM),Santa Maria,Brazil.
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Farmácia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS),Porto Alegre,Brazil.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Coradini
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology,Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM),Santa Maria,Brazil.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dalla Rosa
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology,Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM),Santa Maria,Brazil.
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Grando
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology,Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM),Santa Maria,Brazil.
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Baldissera
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology,Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM),Santa Maria,Brazil.
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Zimmermann
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science,Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC),Chapecó,Brazil.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Da Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis,UFSM,Santa Maria,Brazil.
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis,UFSM,Santa Maria,Brazil.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Hermes
authors.affiliation: Universidade de Cruz Alta (UNICRUZ),Cruz Alta,Brazil.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wolkmer
authors.affiliation: Department of Small Animals,UFSM,Santa Maria,Brazil.
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology,UFSM,Santa Maria,Brazil.
authors.forename: K L S
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Farmácia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS),Porto Alegre,Brazil.
authors.forename: R C R
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis,UFSM,Santa Maria,Brazil.
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Moresco
authors.affiliation: Universidade de Cruz Alta (UNICRUZ),Cruz Alta,Brazil.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Da Veiga
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science,Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC),Chapecó,Brazil.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Stefani
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology,Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM),Santa Maria,Brazil.
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Monteiro
mesh_terms: D062107:Advanced Oxidation Protein Products / Q000097:blood; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000378:metabolism; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D002374:Catalase / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000378:metabolism; D003474:Curcumin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004285:Dogs; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007668:Kidney / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D053769:Nanocapsules; D009566:Nitrates / Q000097:blood; D009573:Nitrites / Q000097:blood; D018512:Parasitemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood; D014344:Trypanocidal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014345:Trypanosoma / Q000187:drug effects*; D014352:Trypanosomiasis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D062107:Advanced Oxidation Protein Products; D053769:Nanocapsules; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D014344:Trypanocidal Agents; D003404:Creatinine; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D003474:Curcumin
keywords: oxidative stress