title: Prospective blood pressure measurement in renal transplant recipients.
abstract: Blood pressure (BP) control at home is difficult when managed only with office blood pressure monitoring (OBPM). In this prospective study, the reliability of BP measurements in renal transplant patients with OBPM and home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) was compared with ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) as the gold standard. Adult patients who had living-related renal transplantation from March 2007 to February 2008 had BP measured by two methods; OBPM and ABPM at pretransplantation, 2(nd), 4(th), 6(th), and 9(th) months and all the three methods: OBPM, ABPM, and HBPM at 6 months after transplantation. A total of 49 patients, age 35 ± 11 years, on prednisolone, tacrolimus, and mycophenolate were evaluated. A total of 39 were males (79.6%). Systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) measured by OBPM were higher than HBPM when compared with ABPM. When assessed using OBPM and awake ABPM, both SBP and DBP were significantly overestimated by OBPM with mean difference of 3-12 mm Hg by office SBP and 6-8 mm Hg for office DBP. When HBPM was compared with mean ABPM at 6 months both the SBP and DBP were overestimated by and 7 mm Hg respectively. At 6 months post transplantation, when compared with ABPM, OBPM was more specific than HBPM in diagnosing hypertension (98% specificity, Kappa: 0.88 vs. 89% specificity, Kappa: 0.71). HBPM was superior to OBPM in identifying patients achieving goal BP (89% specificity, Kappa: 0.71 vs. 50% specificity Kappa: 0.54). In the absence of a gold standard for comparison the latent class model analysis still showed that ABPM was the best tool for diagnosing hypertension and monitoring patients reaching targeted control. OBPM remains an important tool for the diagnosis and management of hypertension in renal transplant recipients. HBPM and ABPM could be used to achieve BP control.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Christian Medical College/Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: V G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: David
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatics, Christian Medical College/Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yadav
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatics, Christian Medical College/Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jeyaseelan
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Christian Medical College/Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Deborah
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Christian Medical College/Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jacob
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Christian Medical College/Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Christian Medical College/Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Varughese
authors.affiliation: Department of Renal Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, QLD, Australia.
authors.forename: G T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: John
keywords: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring; blood pressure; home blood pressure monitoring; office blood pressure monitoring; renal transplantation