title: Isolation of arginine kinase from Apis cerana cerana and its possible involvement in response to adverse stress.
abstract: Arginine kinases (AK) in invertebrates play the same role as creatine kinases in vertebrates. Both proteins are important for energy metabolism, and previous studies on AK focused on this attribute. In this study, the arginine kinase gene was isolated from Apis cerana cerana and was named AccAK. A 5'-flanking region was also cloned and shown to contain abundant putative binding sites for transcription factors related to development and response to adverse stress. We imitated several abiotic and biotic stresses suffered by A. cerana cerana during their life, including heavy metals, pesticides, herbicides, heat, cold, oxidants, antioxidants, ecdysone, and Ascosphaera apis and then studied the expression patterns of AccAK after these treatments. AccAK was upregulated under all conditions, and, in some conditions, this response was very pronounced. Western blot and AccAK enzyme activity assays confirmed the results. In addition, a disc diffusion assay showed that overexpression of AccAK reduced the resistance of Escherichia coli cells to multiple adverse stresses. Taken together, our results indicated that AccAK may be involved of great significance in response to adverse abiotic and biotic stresses.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaobo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Pengbo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Xiaoqian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.forename: Xingqi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Baohua
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D024506:5' Flanking Region / Q000235:genetics; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001122:Arginine Kinase / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D001483:Base Sequence; D001516:Bees / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D001665:Binding Sites; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000378:metabolism; D006540:Herbicides / Q000633:toxicity; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000633:toxicity; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D010575:Pesticides / Q000633:toxicity; D010802:Phylogeny; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D013696:Temperature; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000187:drug effects; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds; D010575:Pesticides; D014157:Transcription Factors; C003135:phoxim; D001122:Arginine Kinase