title: Reuse of clinical data.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To provide an overview of the benefits of clinical data collected as a by-product of the care process, the potential problems with large aggregations of these data, the policy frameworks that have been formulated, and the major challenges in the coming years.
  
  
  METHODS
  This report summarizes some of the major observations from AMIA and IMIA conferences held on this admittedly broad topic from 2006 through 2013. This report also includes many unsupported opinions of the author.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The benefits of aggregating larger and larger sets of routinely collected clinical data are well documented and of great societal benefit. These large data sets will probably never answer all possible clinical questions for methodological reasons. Non-traditional sources of health data that are patient-sources will pose new data science challenges.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  If we ever hope to have tools that can rapidly provide evidence for daily practice of medicine we need a science of health data perhaps modeled after the science of astronomy.
authors.affiliation: Charles Safran, MD, Division of Clinical Informatics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, E-mail: Charles_Safran@Harvard.Edu.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Safran
mesh_terms: D057225:Data Mining; D057286:Electronic Health Records; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D008490:Medical Informatics; D012955:Societies, Medical
keywords: Electronic health records; clinical informatics; database; evidence-based medicine; outcomes research