title: Overview of nongynecological samples prepared with liquid-based cytology medium.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Liquid-based cytology of nongynecological specimens is commonly used in cytology laboratories throughout the world and various processing methods, such as ThinPrep and SurePath, have been reported. The cytological features and performance of liquid-based cytology for various cytology specimens, including body cavity fluids, urine, brushing specimens and fine-needle aspiration of various lesions, were reviewed and compared with the experience of our laboratory and the literature published in PubMed.
  
  
  METHODS
  The parameters for the evaluation of liquid-based cytology and conventional smears were described in the various types of specimens. Criteria for the interpretation of nongynecological liquid-based cytology were highlighted to show differences in cell morphology, background and artifacts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The interpretation requires familiarity with the appearance of liquid-based cytology in the various types of preparations to avoid misdiagnosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cell blocks can be prepared with specimens preserved in a liquid-based cytology medium and immunocytochemical stains and molecular testing can be successfully performed. These are important adjuncts in order to reach a definitive diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa., USA.
authors.forename: Shuyue
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Charalambos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Solomides
authors.forename: Rossitza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Draganova-Tacheva
authors.forename: Marluce
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bibbo
mesh_terms: D003581:Cytodiagnosis / Q000379:methods*; D003951:Diagnostic Errors / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000379:methods*