title: Development of Superoxide Dismutase Mimetic Surfaces to Reduce Accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species for Neural Interfacing Applications.
abstract: Despite successful initial recording, neuroinflammatory-mediated oxidative stress products can contribute to microelectrode failure by a variety of mechanisms including: inducing microelectrode corrosion, degrading insulating/passivating materials, promoting blood-brain barrier breakdown, and directly damaging surrounding neurons. We have shown that a variety of anti-oxidant treatments can reduce intracortical microelectrode-mediated oxidative stress, and preserve neuronal viability. Unfortunately, short-term soluble delivery of anti-oxidant therapies may be unable to provide sustained therapeutic benefits due to low bio-availability and fast clearance rates. In order to develop a system to provide sustained neuroprotection, we investigated modifying the microelectrode surface with an anti-oxidative coating. For initial proof of concept, we chose the superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic Mn(III)tetrakis(4-benzoic acid)porphyrin (MnTBAP). Our system utilizes a composite coating of adsorbed and immobilized MnTBAP designed to provide an initial release followed by continued presentation of an immobilized layer of the antioxidant. Surface modification was confirmed by XPS and QCMB-D analysis. Antioxidant activity of composite surfaces was determined using a Riboflavin/NitroBlue Tetrazolium (RF/NBT) assay. Our results indicate that the hybrid modified surfaces provide several days of anti-oxidative activity. Additionally,in vitrostudies with BV-2 microglia cells indicated a significant reduction of intracellular and extracellular reactive oxygen species when cultured on composite MnTBAP surfaces.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2071 Martin Luther King Jr Drive, Wickenden Building, Cleveland, OH 44106 ; Advanced Platform Technology Center, L. Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, 10701 East Boulevard Mail Stop 151 AW/APT, Cleveland, OH 44106.
authors.forename: Kelsey A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Potter-Baker
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2071 Martin Luther King Jr Drive, Wickenden Building, Cleveland, OH 44106 ; Advanced Platform Technology Center, L. Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, 10701 East Boulevard Mail Stop 151 AW/APT, Cleveland, OH 44106.
authors.forename: Jessica K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Advanced Platform Technology Center, L. Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, 10701 East Boulevard Mail Stop 151 AW/APT, Cleveland, OH 44106.
authors.forename: Kyle M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kovach
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2071 Martin Luther King Jr Drive, Wickenden Building, Cleveland, OH 44106.
authors.forename: Martin M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Gitomer
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2071 Martin Luther King Jr Drive, Wickenden Building, Cleveland, OH 44106.
authors.forename: Tyler W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Srail
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2071 Martin Luther King Jr Drive, Wickenden Building, Cleveland, OH 44106.
authors.forename: Wade G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2071 Martin Luther King Jr Drive, Wickenden Building, Cleveland, OH 44106 ; Advanced Platform Technology Center, L. Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, 10701 East Boulevard Mail Stop 151 AW/APT, Cleveland, OH 44106.
authors.forename: John L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Skousen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2071 Martin Luther King Jr Drive, Wickenden Building, Cleveland, OH 44106 ; Advanced Platform Technology Center, L. Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, 10701 East Boulevard Mail Stop 151 AW/APT, Cleveland, OH 44106.
authors.forename: Jeffrey R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Capadona