title: The effect of IL-17 on the production of proinflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinase-1 by human periodontal ligament fibroblasts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of IL-17 on IL-6, IL-1β, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1) production, and to compare the MMP-1 production between the individual and combined effects of IL-1β and IL-6 in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPDLF).
  
  
  METHODS
  Human periodontal ligament fibroblasts were cultured with IL-17 for 0.5, 1, 4, 24, 48, and 72 h, and were cultured with IL-1β, IL-6/sIL-6R, or a combination of IL-1β and IL-6/sIL-6R for 24 h. To measure the mRNA levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and MMP-1, total RNA was extracted from the cultured HPDLF, and a real-time PCR analysis was performed. The protein levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and MMP-1 in supernatants were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  IL-17 significantly increased the expression of IL-6 and MMP-1 mRNA and protein, while IL-17 transiently increased the expression of IL-1β mRNA. The combination of IL-1β and IL-6/sIL-6R induced significantly higher levels of MMP-1 protein than IL-1β alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IL-17 upregulated the production of IL-6 and MMP-1 sequentially in HPDLF. IL-6/sIL-6R may enhance the effects of IL-1β on MMP-1 production. The present results suggest that IL-17 induces MMP-1 production not only directly, but also indirectly by promoting IL-6 production, thus resulting in the degradation of collagens in the PDL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Osaka University Dental Hospital, Suita, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shintaku
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsuzaki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uematsu
mesh_terms: D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000187:drug effects*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000032:analysis*; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects*; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D020381:Interleukin-17; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6; C522360:MMP1 protein, human; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1
keywords: IL-17; IL-1β; IL-6; matrix metalloproteinase-1; periodontal ligament cells