title: 13C-engineered carbon quantum dots for in vivo magnetic resonance and fluorescence dual-response.
abstract: (13)C-engineered carbon quantum dots ((13)C-QDs) were used as magnetic resonance (MR) and fluorescence dual-response probe. The enhanced (13)C-MR signal was observed at 171 ppm from carboxylic and carboxyl carbons in (13)C-QDs with 160-fold improvement on signal-to-noise ratio even when no hyperpolarization was applied, whereas the intrinsic fluorescence of C-QDs was still maintained. The stable MR and fluorescence dual-response was successfully used for long-term observation of zebrafish embryonic development. Cross-validation between MR and fluorescence confirmed the distribution of (13)C-QD in zebrafish. (13)C-MR provides specific information about the presence, magnitude, and progression of (13)C-QDs by defining MR intensity, whereas fluorescence reveals the location of (13)C-QDs with its high sensitivity. (13)C-MR and fluorescence was simultaneously observed within (13)C-QDs, and this work may expand the applications of isotope-engineered nanomaterials.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China. xbyin@nankai.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yu-Hao
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jian-Lin
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Xue-Bo
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Xi-Wen
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Yu-Kui
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002247:Carbon Isotopes / Q000737:chemistry; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D047108:Embryonic Development; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D045663:Quantum Dots / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D015027:Zebrafish
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes