title: Antimicrobial activity of Antrodia camphorata extracts against oral bacteria.
abstract: Antrodia camphorata (A. camphorata) is a unique, endemic and extremely rare mushroom species native to Taiwan, and both crude extracts of and purified chemical compounds from A. camphorata have been reported to have a variety of significant beneficial effects, such as anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activity. However, reports on the effects of A. camphorata against dental pathogens have been limited. Oral health is now recognized as important for overall general health, including conditions such as dental caries, periodontal disease and rheumatoid arthritis. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) are the most common bacteria associated with dental plaque and periodontopathic diseases, respectively. Thus, our study examined the ability of five various crude extracts of A. camphorata to inhibit the growth of dental bacteria and anti-adherence in vitro. Among the extracts, the ethanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts exhibited the lowest MICs against P. gingivalis and S. mutans (MIC = 4∼16 µg/mL). The MIC of the aqueous extract was greater than 2048 µg/mL against both P. gingivalis and S. mutans. In vitro adherence of S. mutans was significantly inhibited by the addition of either the ethyl acetate extract or chloroform extract (MIC = 16∼24 µg/mL), while the ethanol extract (MIC = 32∼64 µg/mL) exhibited moderate inhibitory activity. Based on the result of this study, the ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts of A. camphorata may be good candidates for oral hygiene agents to control dental caries and periodontopathic conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsiu-Man
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Lien
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chin-Jui
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Tseng
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chao-Lu
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, National Ilan University, Ilan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Ting
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: School of Management Department, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Yusheng Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Chang
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Cosmetology, National Tainan Institute of Nursing, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ya-Yun
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Lai
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055491:Antrodia / Q000737:chemistry*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000382:microbiology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000187:drug effects; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents