title: [Exposure to occupational biological risks: experience of a toxicology information center].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Exposure to Biological Agents during work is an emergent type of occupational risk.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To characterize occupational biological risk exposure among Chilean workers which have been registered by the Toxicology Information Center, between January 2006 and December 2009.
  
  
  METHODS
  All incoming calls reporting exposure to biological agents during the studied period were analyzed. The information obtained from the caller was registered using the Communication Record Instrument of the WHO International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS INTOX).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the studied period, 77 calls were received. The mean age of exposed patients was 35 ± 15 years and 57% of them were females. The most common involved agents were vaccines for veterinary use (42%) followed by Loxosceles laeta bites in 16%. The main routes of exposure were injections, cuts and needle stick injuries in 39% and stings and bites in 38%. The highest exposure rates were observed in Southern Chile due to self-inoculation of veterinary vaccines used in the salmon industry (22.7/100.000 actual workers). Fifty-eight percent of calls were from health care workers, and 51% of them were from health care facilities. Sixty percent of exposures occurred during summer and spring. There was a fourfold higher risk of calls involving women exposed to bites or stings (odds ratio (OR) 4.5 (CI95 1.5-13.9, p < 0.01). Men had a fourfold higher risk of being exposed to vaccines or medications for veterinary use (OR 4.2, CI95 1.4-12.6 p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most calls involving an exposure to a biological agent were caused by self-inoculation of veterinary medications.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cerda
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cortés
authors.forename: Marli
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bettini
authors.forename: Juan José
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Mieres
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Paris
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Ríos
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001685:Biological Factors / Q000633:toxicity*; D002677:Chile / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000145:classification / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012621:Seasons; D012910:Snake Venoms / Q000506:poisoning; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001685:Biological Factors; D012910:Snake Venoms