title: Morphometric differences in planum temporale in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder revealed by statistical analysis of labeled cortical depth maps.
abstract: Differences in cortical thickness in the lateral temporal lobe, including the planum temporale (PT), have been reported in MRI studies of schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BPD) patients. Most of these studies have used a single-valued global or local measure for thickness. However, additional and complementary information can be obtained by generating labeled cortical distance maps (LCDMs), which are distances of labeled gray matter (GM) voxels from the nearest point on the GM/white matter (WM) (inner) cortical surface. Statistical analyses of pooled and censored LCDM distances reveal subtle differences in PT between SCZ and BPD groups from data generated by Ratnanather et al. (Schizophrenia Research, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2013.08.014). These results confirm that the left planum temporale (LPT) is more sensitive than the right PT in distinguishing between SCZ, BPD, and healthy controls. Also confirmed is a strong gender effect, with a thicker PT seen in males than in females. The differences between groups at smaller distances in the LPT revealed by pooled and censored LCDM analysis suggest that SCZ and BPD have different effects on the cortical mantle close to the GM/WM surface. This is consistent with reported subtle changes in the cortical mantle observed in post-mortem studies.
authors.affiliation: Center for Imaging Science, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD , USA ; Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD , USA ; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD , USA.
authors.forename: J Tilak
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Ratnanather
authors.affiliation: Center for Imaging Science, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD , USA.
authors.forename: Shannon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cebron
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematics, Koç University , Istanbul , Turkey.
authors.forename: Elvan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ceyhan
authors.affiliation: Center for Imaging Science, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD , USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Postell
authors.affiliation: Center for Imaging Science, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD , USA.
authors.forename: Dominic V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Pisano
authors.affiliation: Center for Imaging Science, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD , USA.
authors.forename: Clare B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Poynton
authors.affiliation: Center for Imaging Science, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD , USA.
authors.forename: Britni
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Crocker
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD , USA.
authors.forename: Nancy A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Honeycutt
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD , USA.
authors.forename: Pamela B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Mahon
authors.affiliation: Center for Imaging Science, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD , USA ; Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD , USA.
authors.forename: Patrick E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Barta
keywords: bipolar disorder; cortical mantle; cortical thickness; planum temporale; schizophrenia