title: Bioavailability and biological effect of engineered silver nanoparticles in a forest soil.
abstract: The extensive use of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) as antimicrobial in food, clothing and medicine, leads inevitably to a loss of such nanomaterial in soil and water. Little is known about the effects of soil contamination, in particular, on microbial cells, which play a fundamental ecological role. In this work, the impact of SNPs on forest soil has been studied, investigating eco-physiological indicators of microbial biomass and microbial diversity with culture-dependent and independent techniques. Moreover, SNPs bioavailability and uptake were assessed. Soil samples were spiked with SNPs at two different concentrations (10 and 100 μg g(-1)dw) and incubated with the relative controls for 30, 60 and 90 days. The overall parameters showed a significant influence of the SNPs on the soil microbial community, revealing a marked shift after 60 days of incubation.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Fanin 40, 40127 Bologna, Italy. Electronic address: serena.carbone2@unibo.it.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carbone
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Fanin 40, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vittori Antisari
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Fanin 40, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gaggia
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Fanin 40, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Baffoni
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Fanin 40, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Di Gioia
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Fanin 40, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vianello
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienza del Suolo e Nutrizione della Pianta, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Firenze, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nannipieri
mesh_terms: D001682:Biological Availability; D058645:Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000633:toxicity*; D011205:Povidone; D012834:Silver / Q000633:toxicity*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012988:Soil Microbiology
chemical_list: D012987:Soil; D012834:Silver; D011205:Povidone
keywords: Nanoparticles; PCR-DGGE; Silver; Soil microbial biomass