title: Trachelorraphy in cases of recurrent second trimester loss and prior failed vaginal cerclage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the obstetric results of trachelorraphy in the prevention of recurrent second trimester loss in cases of prior failed vaginal cerclage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected retrospectively and prospectively from medical records. The analysis examined data for 18 women who underwent trachelorraphy between 2004 and 2013 at a tertiary referral unit in France. All patients in this high-risk population had a history of two or more second trimester losses, or one second trimester loss and one preterm labour, and at least one prior failed transvaginal cerclage. The main outcome measures were: livebirth rate; rate of second trimester loss; and surgical complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty pregnancies were conceived in 16 patients following trachelorraphy. Three patients experienced two pregnancies. Among the 20 pregnancies, there was one case of fetal loss in the first trimester; this pregnancy was excluded from the analysis. Of the remaining 19 pregnancies, there were nine (47%) term deliveries (after 37 weeks of gestation), seven (32%) preterm deliveries and three (16%) second trimester losses. The overall fetal survival rate was 84%. Surgical outcomes were excellent, with no complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Trachelorraphy is a safe, reproducible, easy-to-learn procedure for the prevention of recurrent second trimester loss in cases of prior failed vaginal cerclage. The procedure has encouraging and favourable perinatal outcomes in patients with a poor obstetric history.
authors.affiliation: Service de gynécologie obstétrique, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France. Electronic address: diane.korb@wanadoo.fr.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Korb
authors.affiliation: Service de gynécologie obstétrique, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France.
authors.forename: J-F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Oury
authors.affiliation: Service de gynécologie obstétrique, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sibony
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D023802:Cerclage, Cervical / Q000379:methods*; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D050498:Live Birth; D011247:Pregnancy; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D002581:Uterine Cervical Incompetence / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: Laparoscopic abdominal cerclage; Preterm birth; Second trimester loss; Trachelorraphy; Vaginal cerclage