title: The effects of cyclooxygenase inhibitors on the gastric emptying and small intestine transit in the male rats following traumatic brain injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was carried out to investigate the effects of COX-2 selective inhibitor (Celecoxib) or non-selective COX inhibitor (Ibuprofen) on gastrointestinal motility.
  
  
  METHODS
  THE RATS WERE RANDOMLY DIVIDED INTO FIVE GROUPS INCLUDING: intact, sham, traumatic brain injury (TBI) group (intact rats under TBI), Celecoxib group (10 mg/kg), Ibuprofen group (10 mg/kg). Rats of the treatment groups received gavages at 1 hr before the TBI induction. The TBI was moderate and diffused using the Marmarou method. The gastric emptying and small intestine transit were measured by phenol red method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The gastric emptying didn't change following TBI induction compared to intact group. The consumption of ibuprofen or celecoxib didn't have any effect on gastric emptying compared to sham group. TBI induction didn't have any effect on the intestinal transit. Also, there was no significant difference between ibuprofen or celecoxib consumption vs. sham group (P>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The COX-2 selective inhibitor (celecoxib) or non-selective COX inhibitor (ibuprofen) have no effects on gastric or small bowel transit. Further work is necessary to investigate the effects of non-selective COX inhibitors and their impact on gastrointestinal motility disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
authors.forename: Zakieh
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Keshavarzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khaksari
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Nader
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shahrokhi
keywords: Brain injury; Celecoxib; Gastric emptying; Ibuprofen