title: Creation of a computer self-efficacy measure: analysis of internal consistency, psychometric properties, and validity.
abstract: Computer self-efficacy is an often studied construct that has been shown to be related to an array of important individual outcomes. Unfortunately, existing measures of computer self-efficacy suffer from several deficiencies, including criterion contamination, outdated wording, and/or inadequate psychometric properties. For this reason, the current article presents the creation of a new computer self-efficacy measure. In Study 1, an over-representative item list is created and subsequently reduced through exploratory factor analysis to create an initial measure, and the discriminant validity of this initial measure is tested. In Study 2, the unidimensional factor structure of the initial measure is supported through confirmatory factor analysis and further reduced into a final, 12-item measure. In Study 3, the convergent and criterion validity of the 12-item measure is tested. Overall, this three study process demonstrates that the new computer self-efficacy measure has superb psychometric properties and internal reliability, and demonstrates excellent evidence for several aspects of validity. It is hoped that the 12-item computer self-efficacy measure will be utilized in future research on computer self-efficacy, which is discussed in the current article.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Matt C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Howard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004521:Educational Measurement / Q000379:methods*; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010551:Personality / Q000145:classification*; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D020377:Self Efficacy; D057566:Self Report; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult