title: Discovery of a rare pterosaur bone bed in a cretaceous desert with insights on ontogeny and behavior of flying reptiles.
abstract: A pterosaur bone bed with at least 47 individuals (wing spans: 0.65-2.35 m) of a new species is reported from southern Brazil from an interdunal lake deposit of a Cretaceous desert, shedding new light on several biological aspects of those flying reptiles. The material represents a new pterosaur, Caiuajara dobruskii gen. et sp. nov., that is the southermost occurrence of the edentulous clade Tapejaridae (Tapejarinae, Pterodactyloidea) recovered so far. Caiuajara dobruskii differs from all other members of this clade in several cranial features, including the presence of a ventral sagittal bony expansion projected inside the nasoantorbital fenestra, which is formed by the premaxillae; and features of the lower jaw, like a marked rounded depression in the occlusal concavity of the dentary. Ontogenetic variation of Caiuajara dobruskii is mainly reflected in the size and inclination of the premaxillary crest, changing from small and inclined (∼ 115°) in juveniles to large and steep (∼ 90°) in adults. No particular ontogenetic features are observed in postcranial elements. The available information suggests that this species was gregarious, living in colonies, and most likely precocial, being able to fly at a very young age, which might have been a general trend for at least derived pterosaurs.
authors.affiliation: Centro Paleontológico da UnC (CENPÁLEO), Universidade do Contestado, Mafra, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação IEL-Labjor, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Manzig
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Systematics and Taphonomy of Fossil Vertebrates, Departamento de Geologia e Paleontologia, Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alexander W A
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Kellner
authors.affiliation: Centro Paleontológico da UnC (CENPÁLEO), Universidade do Contestado, Mafra, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Weinschütz
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Fragoso
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Geologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cristina S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Vega
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Geociências, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gilson B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Guimarães
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Geociências, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Godoy
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Geociências, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Liccardo
authors.affiliation: Centro Paleontológico da UnC (CENPÁLEO), Universidade do Contestado, Mafra, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
authors.forename: João H Z
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ricetti
authors.affiliation: Centro Paleontológico da UnC (CENPÁLEO), Universidade do Contestado, Mafra, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Camila C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: de Moura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D001938:Brazil; D005426:Flight, Animal; D005580:Fossils; D010802:Phylogeny; D012104:Reptiles / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology; D013045:Species Specificity