title: [Application of dezoxine plus dexmedetomidine in strabismus surgery].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the effects of intra-operative combined dosing of dezoxine and dexmedetomidine on sedation, analgesia and the incidence of untoward events during and after surgery in teenagers undergoing horizontal concomitant strabismus surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  For this prospective and randomized trial, approval was obtained from the Ethical Committee and informed consent from their parents. A total of 60 patients aged 10-16 years undergoing strabismus surgery at Second Affiliated Hospital from September to December 2013 were collected. The treatment group received an intravenous dose of dezoxine 0.1 mg×kg(-1) at 15 minutes before surgery. And another intravenous injection of dexmedetomidine was administered at 0.4 µg×kg(-1)×h(-1) until the end of the first ocular muscle correcting. The control group received the same volume of normal saline. Observational parameters including visual analogue scale (VAS), Ramsay scores, self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), heart rate (HR), blood pressure and the incidence of untoward events such as nausea and vomiting or arrhythmia were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The VAS pain scores in the treatment group at T2-T5 decreased significantly versus the control group (P < 0.05) . The Ramsay scores in the treatment group at T2-T3 increased and significantly differences existed with the control group (P < 0.05). SAS scores showed significant differences between pre-operative and post-operative periods in the treatment group (P < 0.05). The treatment group has shorter operative duration with 5 cases of dragging pain in the treatment group versus 25 in the control group (P < 0.05). During dragging reflex, HR was lower in the control group at T2 and T3. There were significant differences with the control group (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A combination of dezoxine and dexmedetomidine provide multiple benefits for patients undergoing strabismus surgery. Compared with simple local anesthesia, it effectively attenuates pain and anxiety and provides mild sedation and better cooperation during strabismus surgery.
authors.affiliation: Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.
authors.forename: Weidi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China. Email: huzhiyong777@126.com.
authors.forename: Zhiyong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Chaohui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D020927:Dexmedetomidine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007430:Intraoperative Care; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013285:Strabismus / Q000601:surgery*; D013764:Tetrahydronaphthalenes / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D013764:Tetrahydronaphthalenes; D020927:Dexmedetomidine; C010827:dezocine