title: Immune response, safety, and survival and quality of life outcomes for advanced colorectal cancer patients treated with dendritic cell vaccine and cytokine-induced killer cell therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the immune response after dendritic cell (DC) vaccine and cytokine-induced killer cells (CIK) therapy and assess its associated toxicity, survival benefit, and changes in the quality of life (QOL) of advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We recruited 100 patients with unresectable CRC orrelapsed CRC after surgery who received DC vaccine and CIK cells (group immunotherapy, group I), and, as a control, 251 patients who had similar characteristics and underwent similar treatments, except for this immunotherapy (group nonimmunotherapy, group NI). After a follow-up period of 489.2 ± 160.4 days, overall survival (OS) of the two groups was compared using the Kaplan-Meier method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group I, 62% of patients developed a positive delayed type hypersensitivity response, and most patients showed an improvement in physical strength (75.2%), appetite (74.2%), sleeping (72.1%), and body weight (70.1%). Adverse events were fever (29.5%), insomnia (19.2%), anorexia (9.1%), sore joints (5.4%), and skin rash (1.0%). No toxicity was observed in patients treated with DC vaccine and CIK therapy. OS was significantly longer in group I than in group NI (P = 0.043).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DC vaccine and CIK therapy were safe and could induce an immune response against CRC, thereby improving QOL and prolonging OS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Tianjin Union Medicine Centre, 190 Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao District, Tianjin 300121, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Claison Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xuejing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Tianjin Union Medicine Centre, 190 Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao District, Tianjin 300121, China.
authors.forename: Jiali
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Claison Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yanjie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Claison Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Tianyu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medicine Centre, Tianjin 300121, China.
authors.forename: Chunze
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Union Medicine Centre, Tianjin 300121, China.
authors.forename: Jintai
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Tianjin Union Medicine Centre, 190 Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao District, Tianjin 300121, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Tianjin Union Medicine Centre, 190 Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao District, Tianjin 300121, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology; D064987:Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D055612:Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells / Q000276:immunology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D019496:Cancer Vaccines