title: Hemoglobin Q-Thailand and its combinations with other forms of thalassemia or hemoglobinopathies in northern Thailand.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There have been no reports for the frequency of Hb Q-Thailand [alpha 74(EF3)Asp --> His, GAC > CAC] and its combinations either with other forms of thalassemia or hemoglobinopathies in Northern Thailand. The aims of this study were to search for Hb Q-Thailand and its combinations in Northern Thai population and to analyze fractions of hemoglobin in Hb Q-Thailand and its combinations on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) chromatograms and/or capillary electrophoresis (CE) electrophoregrams.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood samples from public and private hospitals in 7 northern provinces of Thailand were analyzed for thalassemia and hemoglobinopathy diagnoses using HPLC and/or CE and DNA analysis techniques at the Thalassemia Laboratory, Associated Medical Sciences Clinical Service Center, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hb Q-Thailand was found in 13 of 13,596 (0.10%) samples; 6 were heterozygous Hb Q-Thailand, 4 were compound Hb Q-Thailand/alpha-thalassemia-1 Southeast Asian (SEA) type deletion and 3 with combinations of Hb Q-Thailand/beta(0)-thalassemia, Hb Q-Thailand/Hb E and Hb Q-Thailand/Hb E/alpha-thalassemia-1 SEA type deletion. The fractions of hemoglobin on HPLC chromatograms and CE electrophoregrams were observed based on types of combinations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hb Q-Thailand and its combinations could be found in northern Thai population with the frequency of 0.10%. Thus, the better understanding of HPLC chromatogram and/or CE electrophoregram patterns of Hb Q-Thailand and its combination is essential for diagnosis and genetic counseling of thalassemia and hemoglobinopathies in this area.
authors.forename: Sitthichai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Panyasai
authors.forename: Sakorn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pornprasert
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary; D006453:Hemoglobinopathies / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006455:Hemoglobins, Abnormal / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology; D013789:Thalassemia / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D006455:Hemoglobins, Abnormal; C049214:hemoglobin Q Thailand