title: Aloperine attenuated neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury via anti-oxidation activity and suppression of the nuclear factor kappa B pathway.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether aloperine (ALO) has antinociceptive effects on neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury, whether ALO reduces ROS against neuropathic pain, and what are the mechanisms involved in ALO attenuated neuropathic pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mechanical and cold allodynia, thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia and spinal thermal hyperalgesia were estimated by behavior methods such as Von Frey filaments, cold-plate, radiant heat, paw pressure and tail immersion on one day before surgery and days 7, 8, 10, 12 and 14 after surgery, respectively. In addition, T-AOC, GSH-PX, T-AOC and MDA in the spinal cord (L4/5) were measured to evaluate anti-oxidation activity of ALO on neuropathic pain. Expressions of NF-κB and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β) in the spinal cord (L4/5) were analyzed by using Western blot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Administration of ALO (80mg/kg and 40mg/kg, i.p.) significantly increased paw withdrawal threshold, paw pressure, paw withdrawal latencies, tail-curling latencies, T-AOC, GSH-PX and T-SOD concentration, reduced the numbers of paw lifts and MDA concentration compared to CCI group. ALO attenuated CCI induced up-regulation of expressions of NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β at the dose of 80mg/kg (i.p.). Pregabalin produced similar effects serving as positive control at the dose of 10mg/kg (i.p.).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ALO has antinociceptive effects on neuropathic pain induced by CCI. The antinociceptive effects of ALO against neuropathic pain is related to reduction of ROS, via suppression of NF-κB pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical university, Yinchuan 750000, China.
authors.forename: Ya-Qiong
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical university, Yinchuan 750000, China; Luohe Medical College, Luohe 462002, Henan Province, China.
authors.forename: Shao-Ju
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical university, Yinchuan 750000, China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Xiang
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical university, Yinchuan 750000, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Ningxia Key Lab of Craniocerebral Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical university, Yinchuan 750000, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical university, Yinchuan 750000, China.
authors.forename: Ru
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, China.
authors.forename: Cheng-Jun
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: Ningxia Key Lab of Craniocerebral Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical university, Yinchuan 750000, China; Luohe Medical College, Luohe 462002, Henan Province, China. Electronic address: Yujq910315@163.com.
authors.forename: Jian-Qiang
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D003250:Constriction; D015536:Down-Regulation; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006930:Hyperalgesia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D009437:Neuralgia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D054837:Quinolizidines; D012584:Sciatic Nerve / Q000293:injuries; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010880:Piperidines; D054837:Quinolizidines; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C062701:aloperine
keywords: Aloperine; Anti-oxidation activity; Chronic constriction injury; Neuropathic pain; Nuclear factor kappa B