title: Identification of the causative disease of intermittent claudication through walking motion analysis: feature analysis and differentiation.
abstract: Intermittent claudication is a walking symptom. Patients with intermittent claudication experience lower limb pain after walking for a short time. However, rest relieves the pain and allows the patient to walk again. Unfortunately, this symptom predominantly arises from not 1 but 2 different diseases: LSS (lumber spinal canal stenosis) and PAD (peripheral arterial disease). Patients with LSS can be subdivided by the affected vertebra into 2 main groups: L4 and L5. It is clinically very important to determine whether patients with intermittent claudication suffer from PAD, L4, or L5. This paper presents a novel SVM- (support vector machine-) based methodology for such discrimination/differentiation using minimally required data, simple walking motion data in the sagittal plane. We constructed a simple walking measurement system that is easy to set up and calibrate and suitable for use by nonspecialists in small spaces. We analyzed the obtained gait patterns and derived input parameters for SVM that are also visually detectable and medically meaningful/consistent differentiation features. We present a differentiation methodology utilizing an SVM classifier. Leave-one-out cross-validation of differentiation/classification by this method yielded a total accuracy of 83%.
authors.affiliation: The School of Mechanical Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuyou
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: The School of Mechanical Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoneyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0568-5419
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Koseiren Takaoka Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasumitsu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Toribatake
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait; D006801:Humans; D007383:Intermittent Claudication / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009038:Motion; D060388:Support Vector Machine; D016138:Walking