title: Assembly and architecture of the EBV B cell entry triggering complex.
abstract: Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is an enveloped double-stranded DNA virus of the gammaherpesvirinae sub-family that predominantly infects humans through epithelial cells and B cells. Three EBV glycoproteins, gH, gL and gp42, form a complex that targets EBV infection of B cells. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II molecules expressed on B cells serve as the receptor for gp42, triggering membrane fusion and virus entry. The mechanistic role of gHgL in herpesvirus entry has been largely unresolved, but it is thought to regulate the activation of the virally-encoded gB protein, which acts as the primary fusogen. Here we study the assembly and function of the reconstituted B cell entry complex comprised of gHgL, gp42 and HLA class II. The structure from negative-stain electron microscopy provides a detailed snapshot of an intermediate state in EBV entry and highlights the potential for the triggering complex to bring the two membrane bilayers into proximity. Furthermore, gHgL interacts with a previously identified, functionally important hydrophobic pocket on gp42, defining the overall architecture of the complex and playing a critical role in membrane fusion activation. We propose a macroscopic model of the initiating events in EBV B cell fusion centered on the formation of the triggering complex in the context of both viral and host membranes. This model suggests how the triggering complex may bridge the two membrane bilayers, orienting critical regions of the N- and C- terminal ends of gHgL to promote the activation of gB and efficient membrane fusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Karthik
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sathiyamoorthy
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America; California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jiansen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Yao Xiong
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
authors.forename: Cynthia L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Rowe
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
authors.forename: Britta S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Möhl
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Elizabeth D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Mellins
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Longnecker
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America; California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Z Hong
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Theodore S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Jardetzky
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology*; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000378:metabolism*; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions / Q000502:physiology*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000378:metabolism; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D053586:Virus Internalization
chemical_list: D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens; C053186:HLA-DQ2 antigen; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins; C065527:glycoprotein H, Herpesvirus 4; C103802:glycoprotein L, Human herpesvirus 4