title: Expression of ALDH1 and TGFβ2 in benign and malignant breast tumors and their prognostic implications.
abstract: The specific mechanism underlying the role of putative stem cell marker aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) playing in development and progression of breast cancer is currently unclear. Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling pathway is reported to be activated in most cancers. Thus a study was initiated to explore possible differences and correlation of ALDH1 and TGFβ2 expression in the most common malignant and benign tumors of the breast in Chinese women. Samples of 75 breast cancer tissues, 30 paracancerous normal tissues, and 39 fibroadenoma breast tissues were investigated for the expression of ALDH1 and TGFβ2 using immunohistochemistry. The positive rates of ALDH1 and TGFβ2 protein were 62.67% and 66.67%, respectively, in breast cancer tissues, which were significantly higher than that in normal fibroadenoma breast (P<0.05) and paracancerous tissues (P<0.01). ALDH1 and TGFβ2 status were significantly associated with tumor histological grade and receptor status (P<0.05). Expression of ALDH1 was found to be positively correlative to TGFβ2 in breast cancer (r = 0.33, P<0.01). Expression of both proteins remained significantly associated with reduced overall survival (OS) by univariate analysis (P<0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that ALDH1 expression, tumor stage, and lymph node status are independent prognostic factors in invasive breast cancer patients. Thus ALDH1 and TGFβ2 play important roles in the development of breast cancer. The ALDH1 phenotype is an independent predictor of poor prognosis, and TGFβ2 signaling pathway activation might be involved in the pathological regulation of ALDH1 in breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College Bengbu 233004, China.
authors.forename: Rongsheng
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology and Hematology, Huainan First People's Hospital Huainan 232007, China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College Bengbu 233004, China.
authors.forename: Qiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College Bengbu 233004, China.
authors.forename: Zishu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College Bengbu 233004, China.
authors.forename: Yurong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ou
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College Bengbu 233004, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College Bengbu 233004, China.
authors.forename: Mingxi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College Bengbu 233004, China.
authors.forename: Junbin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College Bengbu 233004, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000080924:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family; D044466:Asian People; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D050697:Retinal Dehydrogenase / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D007527:Isoenzymes; C509041:TGFB2 protein, human; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2; D000080924:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family; C510223:ALDH1A1 protein, human; D050697:Retinal Dehydrogenase
keywords: ALDH1; TGFβ2; breast cancer; fibroadenoma; prognosis; stem-like cells