title: Beneficial effects of adiponectin on periodontal ligament cells under normal and regenerative conditions.
abstract: Type 2 diabetes and obesity are increasing worldwide and linked to periodontitis, a chronic disease which is characterized by the irreversible destruction of the tooth-supporting tissues, that is, periodontium. The mechanisms underlying the association of diabetes mellitus and obesity with periodontal destruction and compromised periodontal healing are not well understood, but decreased plasma levels of adiponectin, as found in diabetic and obese individuals, might be a critical mechanistic link. The aim of this in vitro study was to examine the effects of adiponectin on periodontal ligament (PDL) cells under normal and regenerative conditions, and to study the regulation of adiponectin and its receptors in these cells. Adiponectin stimulated significantly the expression of growth factors and extracellular matrix, proliferation, and in vitro wound healing, reduced significantly the constitutive tumor necrosis factor-α expression, and caused a significant upregulation of its own expression. The beneficial actions of enamel matrix derivative on a number of PDL cell functions critical for periodontal regeneration were partially enhanced by adiponectin. The periodontopathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis inhibited the adiponectin expression and stimulated the expression of its receptors. In conclusion, reduced levels of adiponectin, as found in type 2 diabetes and obesity, may compromise periodontal health and healing.
authors.affiliation: Experimental Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany ; Clinical Research Unit 208, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Marjan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nokhbehsaim
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Unit 208, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Sema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Keser
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Unit 208, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany ; Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, UNESP, 14801-903 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andressa Vilas Boas
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2756-5947
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Nogueira
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, UNESP, 14801-903 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Joni Augusto
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cirelli
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Unit 208, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany ; Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Søren
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jepsen
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Unit 208, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany ; Department of Orthodontics, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jäger
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Laboratory of Oral Microbiology, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Sigrun
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4619-2461
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eick
authors.affiliation: Experimental Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany ; Clinical Research Unit 208, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: James
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8808-8769
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deschner
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000472:pathogenicity; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D054419:Receptors, Adiponectin / Q000819:agonists / Q000378:metabolism; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D054419:Receptors, Adiponectin