title: One minute ultraviolet exposure inhibits Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoite replication and cyst conversion without diminishing host humoral-mediated immune response.
abstract: We developed a protocol to inactivate Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) tachyzoites employing 1 min of ultraviolet (UV) exposure. We show that this treatment completely inhibited parasite replication and cyst formation in vitro and in vivo but did not affect the induction of a robust IgG response in mice. We propose that our protocol can be used to study the contribution of the humoral immune response to rodent behavioral alterations following T. gondii infection.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Electronic address: gkannan1@jhmi.edu.
authors.forename: Geetha
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kannan
authors.affiliation: Stanley Division of Developmental Neurovirology, Johns Hopkins University, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
authors.forename: Emese
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Prandovszky
authors.affiliation: Stanley Division of Developmental Neurovirology, Johns Hopkins University, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
authors.forename: Curtis B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Steinfeldt
authors.affiliation: Stanley Division of Developmental Neurovirology, Johns Hopkins University, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
authors.forename: Kristin L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Gressitt
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
authors.forename: ChunXia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Stanley Division of Developmental Neurovirology, Johns Hopkins University, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Yolken
authors.affiliation: Stanley Division of Developmental Neurovirology, Johns Hopkins University, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
authors.forename: Emily G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Severance
authors.affiliation: Stanley Division of Developmental Neurovirology, Johns Hopkins University, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
authors.forename: Lorraine
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jones-Brando
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
authors.forename: Mikhail V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Pletnikov
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood*; D001921:Brain / Q000469:parasitology; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000528:radiation effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood*; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016053:RNA, Protozoan / Q000032:analysis; D012341:RNA, Ribosomal, 5S / Q000032:analysis; D011817:Rabbits; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013997:Time Factors; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D016207:Cytokines; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D016053:RNA, Protozoan; D012341:RNA, Ribosomal, 5S
keywords: Animal models; Behavior; Cysts; Immune response; Inactivation; Toxoplasma