title: Bone tissue phantoms for optical flowmeters at large interoptode spacing generated by 3D-stereolithography.
abstract: A bone tissue phantom prototype allowing to test, in general, optical flowmeters at large interoptode spacings, such as laser-Doppler flowmetry or diffuse correlation spectroscopy, has been developed by 3D-stereolithography technique. It has been demonstrated that complex tissue vascular systems of any geometrical shape can be conceived. Absorption coefficient, reduced scattering coefficient and refractive index of the optical phantom have been measured to ensure that the optical parameters reasonably reproduce real human bone tissue in vivo. An experimental demonstration of a possible use of the optical phantom, utilizing a laser-Doppler flowmeter, is also presented.
authors.affiliation: Département de Neurosciences Fondamentales, University of Geneva, Switzerland ; Département de l'Imagerie et des Sciences de l'Information Médicale, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Tiziano
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Binzoni
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Torricelli
authors.affiliation: Département d'Optique P.M. Duffieux, Institut FEMTO-ST, UMR 6174 CNRS, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon cedex, France.
authors.forename: Remo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Giust
authors.affiliation: Group of Applied Physics, University of Geneva, Carouge, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sanguinetti
authors.affiliation: PROFORM AG, Rapid Prototyping, Marly, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bernhard
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Spinelli
keywords: (170.0170) Medical optics and biotechnology; (170.1470) Blood or tissue constituent monitoring; (170.3340) Laser Doppler velocimetry; (170.3890) Medical optics instrumentation; (280.2490) Flow diagnostics